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sign_n of_o a_o good_a ground_n where_o the_o crow_n and_o pie_n in_o great_a number_n follow_v the_o plough_n scrape_v in_o the_o step_v of_o the_o ploughman_n the_o goodness_n be_v likewise_o know_v if_o at_o the_o sunsetting_a after_o a_o rainbow_n and_o in_o a_o shower_n of_o rain_n follow_v a_o drought_n it_o yield_v a_o pleasant_a succour_n also_o in_o taste_n it_o will_v appear_v if_o taste_v of_o a_o clod_n that_o have_v be_v water_v in_o a_o earthen_a vessel_n you_o find_v it_o sweet_a it_o be_v a_o sign_n of_o a_o rich_a ground_n if_o bitter_a a_o great_a token_n of_o barren_a ground_n if_o it_o be_v saltish_a it_o be_v to_o be_v shun_v and_o not_o to_o be_v use_v you_o must_v take_v notice_n that_o ground_n will_v also_o change_v and_o of_o fruitful_a become_v barren_a which_o have_v be_v see_v in_o several_a place_n of_o our_o country_n beside_o one_o kind_n of_o ground_n though_o it_o be_v never_o so_o fertile_a will_v not_o bear_v all_o thing_n moreover_o the_o 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and_o not_o up_o and_o down_o for_o thereby_o the_o inconveniency_n of_o the_o steepness_n be_v meet_v withal_o and_o the_o labour_n both_o of_o the_o man_n and_o cattle_n be_v ease_v but_o herein_o you_o must_v be_v careful_a that_o you_o plough_v not_o always_o one_o way_n but_o sometime_o high_o sometime_o low_o work_v aslope_o as_o you_o shall_v see_v cause_n touch_v the_o season_n of_o plough_v it_o must_v be_v chief_o in_o the_o spring_n for_o in_o summer_n the_o ground_n be_v too_o hard_a and_o in_o winter_n too_o foul_a and_o dirty_a but_o in_o the_o spring_n the_o ground_n be_v mellow_a be_v easy_o to_o be_v wrought_v and_o the_o weed_n be_v then_o but_o turn_v in_o which_o both_o do_v good_a for_o the_o inrichment_n of_o the_o ground_n and_o pluck_v up_o by_o the_o root_n before_o they_o have_v seed_v will_v spring_v again_o and_o therefore_o for_o the_o most_o part_n we_o begin_v to_o plough_v about_o the_o midst_n of_o march_n but_o sandy_a and_o light_a ground_n they_o 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they_o in_o a_o kiln_n in_o the_o most_o convenient_a place_n you_o have_v to_o save_v charge_n of_o carriage_n and_o when_o you_o have_v before_o sand_v your_o ground_n and_o hack_v it_o make_v your_o lime_n small_a and_o on_o every_o acre_n bestow_v between_o thirty_o and_o forty_o bushel_n of_o lime_n spread_v and_o mix_v it_o exceed_v well_o with_o the_o sand_n and_o earth_n and_o the_o strong_a and_o sharp_a the_o lime_n be_v the_o better_a the_o earth_n will_v be_v and_o the_o improvement_n will_v answer_v your_o cost_n and_o labour_n it_o matter_n not_o of_o what_o colour_n your_o lime-stone_n be_v whether_o of_o a_o pure_a white_a or_o of_o a_o grey_a so_o they_o be_v sharp_a and_o strong_a in_o quality_n to_o give_v a_o good_a tincture_n to_o the_o earth_n it_o be_v the_o strength_n and_o goodness_n of_o the_o lime_n not_o the_o beauty_n that_o in_o this_o kind_n bring_v forth_o the_o profit_n and_o indeed_o it_o be_v a_o great_a helper_n to_o cold_a ground_n especial_o clay_n 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it_o will_v be_v fine_a and_o very_o long_o and_o in_o great_a plenty_n and_o once_o in_o twenty_o or_o more_o year_n dress_n will_v continue_v it_o for_o good_a meadow_n or_o pasture_n if_o in_o dry_a season_n you_o have_v water_n to_o relieve_v it_o which_o may_v be_v gather_v by_o bring_v spring_n or_o the_o violent_a fall_n of_o rain_n into_o a_o ditch_n on_o the_o other_o side_n of_o it_o or_o by_o any_o other_o conveniency_n according_a to_o the_o situation_n of_o the_o ground_n on_o the_o ascend_a part_n to_o overflow_v it_o so_o long_o that_o it_o soak_v deep_a than_o the_o root_n of_o the_o grass_n to_o continue_v moisture_n for_o the_o nourishment_n of_o it_o a_o considerable_a time_n the_o best_a season_n in_o general_n for_o water_v meadow_n be_v from_o the_o begin_n of_o november_n to_o the_o end_n of_o april_n and_o the_o muddy_a or_o more_o trouble_v the_o water_n be_v the_o better_a for_o than_o it_o bring_v a_o soil_n upon_o the_o ground_n and_o this_o be_v proper_o 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the_o water_n empty_v into_o it_o one_o float_v succeed_v the_o other_o so_o that_o at_o one_o turn_v round_o of_o the_o wheel_n 30_o gallon_n of_o water_n may_v be_v deliver_v this_o wheel_n ought_v to_o be_v about_o 15_o foot_n diameter_n and_o the_o float_v at_o 18_o inch_n distance_n and_o so_o it_o will_v deliver_v the_o water_n at_o about_o 10_o 11_o or_o 12_o foot_n above_o the_o stream_n it_o take_v it_o from_o and_o may_v be_v carry_v four_o time_n round_o in_o a_o minute_n so_o that_o in_o one_o hour_n it_o will_v distribute_v about_o 120_o hogshead_n of_o water_n with_o 12_o or_o 18_o inch_n pen_v or_o stop_v but_o a_o ordinary_a current_n of_o water_n will_v very_o well_o water_n about_o 30_o or_o 40_o acre_n of_o land_n according_a as_o it_o may_v lie_v dispose_v to_o receive_v as_o to_o level_n or_o descent_n when_o you_o do_v this_o consider_v the_o nature_n of_o your_o land_n if_o it_o be_v a_o cold_a clay_n too_o much_o water_n injure_v it_o if_o light_n warm_a or_o sandy_a than_o a_o little_a water_n great_o refresh_v it_o it_o be_v also_o to_o be_v observe_v that_o this_o motion_n well_o set_v a_o go_n be_v constant_a and_o will_v last_v some_o year_n with_o little_a charge_n of_o repair_v and_o the_o slow_a it_o move_v the_o better_a it_o deliver_v the_o water_n and_o a_o small_a stream_n will_v carry_v it_o it_o may_v also_o be_v use_v in_o draining_n of_o land_n if_o a_o current_n can_v be_v make_v to_o carry_v the_o wheel_n about_o and_o as_o the_o land_n lie_v high_a or_o low_o so_o lesser_a or_o great_a wheel_n may_v be_v use_v and_o they_o will_v exceed_o superabound_v the_o charge_n and_o trouble_v by_o make_v of_o grass_n grow_v in_o great_a plenty_n where_o otherwise_o little_a or_o none_o will_v appear_v and_o by_o trough_n or_o trench_n the_o water_n may_v be_v carry_v from_o one_o ground_n to_o another_o a_o very_a great_a distance_n if_o not_o hinder_v by_o steep_a ascent_n there_o be_v another_o sort_n of_o a_o engine_n use_v 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as_o the_o sail_n be_v change_v and_o these_o kind_n of_o mill_n be_v of_o excellent_a use_n and_o to_o be_v make_v or_o manure_v at_o a_o small_a rate_n and_o be_v easy_o to_o be_v repair_v when_o out_o of_o order_n or_o take_v to_o piece_n and_o remove_v from_o one_o place_n to_o another_o carrying_z off_z abundance_n of_o water_n if_o keep_v in_o continual_a motion_n which_o a_o scanty_a wind_n will_v do_v chap._n xix_o further_a rule_n and_o direction_n for_o water_v meadow_n and_o pasture_n for_o the_o improve_n and_o fertilize_n of_o it_o have_v speak_v of_o convey_v water_n to_o the_o ground_n i_o now_o come_v to_o direct_v how_o it_o ought_v to_o be_v
disperse_v on_o it_o the_o water_n be_v raise_v to_o the_o height_n you_o desire_v cut_v your_o main_a carriage_n allow_v it_o a_o convenient_a descent_n that_o it_o may_v have_v a_o good_a current_n all_o along_o and_o let_v the_o mouth_n of_o it_o be_v of_o breadth_n rather_o than_o depth_n capable_a to_o receive_v the_o whole_a stream_n you_o desire_v and_o when_o you_o be_v to_o use_v a_o part_n of_o the_o water_n let_v the_o main_a carriage_n narrow_a by_o degree_n that_o at_o the_o end_n it_o may_v press_v the_o more_o forcible_o into_o the_o lesser_a carriage_n that_o issue_v all_o along_o from_o it_o and_o at_o every_o rise_a ground_n and_o other_o proper_a distance_n you_o ought_v to_o cut_v small_a taper_a carriage_n proportionable_a to_o the_o distance_n and_o quantity_n of_o the_o land_n or_o water_n you_o design_n to_o fructify_v which_o must_v be_v very_o shallow_a and_o many_o in_o number_n for_o the_o water_n run_v shallow_a and_o swift_o over_o the_o grass_n great_o revive_v it_o in_o the_o next_o place_n observe_v that_o in_o draw_v or_o water_v of_o land_n you_o may_v make_v drain_v to_o carry_v off_o all_o the_o water_n the_o carriage_n be_v on_o and_o therefore_o they_o must_v bear_v some_o proportion_n to_o it_o though_o not_o so_o large_a and_o as_o the_o water_n be_v conduct_v by_o the_o lesser_a carriage_n to_o every_o part_n of_o the_o land_n so_o the_o lesser_a drain_v must_v be_v make_v in_o the_o low_a place_n to_o lead_v the_o water_n off_o and_o as_o the_o carriage_n lessen_v so_o must_v they_o widen_v as_o they_o run_v to_o drain_v the_o water_n well_o off_o as_o soon_o as_o the_o land_n be_v well_o soak_v into_o other_o ground_n for_o if_o water_n be_v leave_v in_o low_a place_n it_o prove_v very_o injurious_a to_o the_o grass_n in_o the_o winter_n it_o kill_v it_o and_o in_o the_o spring_n and_o summer_n much_o hinder_v its_o growth_n breed_v rush_n and_o weed_n though_o when_o drain_v produce_v good_a pasture_n be_v you_o water_n 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to_o all_o as_o conveniency_n will_v admit_v and_o the_o small_a spring_n in_o constant_o work_v will_v bring_v much_o improvement_n as_o for_o spring_n that_o produce_v a_o hard_a harsh_a water_n proceed_v from_o alomy_n vitrioline_n and_o coal_n mine_n or_o mineral_n it_o be_v not_o to_o be_v bring_v on_o land_n unless_o for_o the_o destroy_n of_o rush_n and_o weed_n and_o afterward_o the_o acrimony_n take_v off_o by_o mollify_a water_n or_o well_o dung_v with_o fat_a and_o nourish_a soil_n to_o amend_v the_o barrenness_n and_o produce_v store_n of_o grass_n chap._n xx._n the_o proper_a way_n effectual_o to_o drain_n land_n and_o reduce_v it_o to_o fertility_n either_o arable_a or_o pasture_n when_o land_n be_v much_o encumber_v by_o water_n and_o thereby_o render_v as_o it_o be_v useless_a especial_o where_o there_o be_v a_o superfluity_n of_o venomous_a corrupt_a water_n lie_v in_o the_o earth_n much_o occasion_v bogginess_n you_o may_v nevertheless_o consider_v that_o this_o land_n with_o some_o labour_n and_o cost_n may_v be_v bring_v to_o be_v very_o good_a and_o in_o order_n to_o the_o procure_n of_o it_o to_o be_v so_o i_o shall_v lay_v down_o plain_a rule_n and_o direction_n take_v special_a care_n in_o drain_n such_o ground_n especial_o where_o there_o be_v feed_v spring_n and_o observe_v in_o this_o case_n the_o descent_n that_o you_o may_v the_o better_a by_o the_o drain_n take_v away_o all_o the_o water_n from_o the_o bottom_n or_o else_o it_o will_v be_v of_o little_a value_n therefore_o observe_v the_o low_a level_n of_o your_o drain_n and_o so_o low_a that_o you_o may_v draw_v off_o your_o water_n and_o not_o any_o low_a can_v you_o carry_v it_o away_o by_o this_o mean_n therefore_o be_v especial_o careful_a herein_o and_o than_o if_o you_o can_v get_v a_o low_a descent_n from_o this_o carry_v your_o drain_n upon_o the_o level_n till_o you_o find_v certain_o you_o be_v get_v under_o the_o moisture_n miryness_n and_o water_n that_o either_o feed_v the_o bog_n or_o cover_v the_o land_n and_o go_v a_o spade_n graft_n or_o thereabouts_o deep_o and_o so_o you_o need_v not_o tie_v yourself_o to_o a_o dead_a leavel_n but_o as_o the_o moisture_n lie_v high_a or_o ground_n rise_v so_o may_v you_o rise_v in_o the_o work_n your_o drain_n keep_v one_o spade_n graft_v under_o it_o observe_v that_o in_o cold_a rushy_a land_n this_o kind_n of_o water_n that_o create_v much_o barrenness_n be_v find_v beneath_o the_o first_o and_o second_o swarth_a of_o the_o land_n and_o beneath_o that_o you_o most_o frequent_o find_v a_o little_a gravel_n or_o stonyness_n in_o which_o this_o water_n be_v and_o sometime_o below_o these_o in_o a_o hungry_a gravel_n but_o it_o usual_o lie_v deep_a in_o boggy_a land_n than_o in_o rushy_a and_o a_o spade_n graft_v you_o must_v go_v deep_a than_o the_o bottom_n of_o these_o as_o for_o the_o matter_n cause_v the_o bog_n it_o be_v easy_a to_o be_v discover_v sometme_n lie_v within_o two_o foot_n of_o the_o superficial_a part_n of_o the_o ground_n and_o usual_o within_o three_o or_o four_o though_o some_o lie_v far_o deep_o as_o six_o and_o eight_o or_o more_o and_o have_v find_v this_o spring_n that_o will_v willing_o break_v out_o be_v it_o not_o encumber_v by_o the_o load_n of_o earth_n it_o be_v force_v to_o wheeze_v through_o and_o break_v its_o way_n by_o much_o spread_a dig_v a_o foot_n beneath_o it_o give_v it_o a_o current_n in_o the_o drain_n and_o if_o it_o be_v swift_a it_o will_v suck_v all_o the_o other_o spring_n to_o it_o and_o make_v the_o boggy_a spunginess_n of_o the_o ground_n to_o cease_v so_o that_o in_o a_o little_a time_n a_o dryness_n will_v ensue_v make_v your_o drain_n from_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o bog_n trench_v it_o in_o the_o sound_a ground_n or_o else_o in_o some_o low_a ditch_n so_o low_a as_o you_o conceive_v it_o under_o the_o spring_n or_o spewing-water_n then_o carry_v up_o the_o trench_n into_o the_o boggy_a straight_o through_o the_o middle_n of_o it_o one_o foot_n under_o that_o spewing-water_n or_o spring_n upon_o the_o level_n unless_o it_o rise_v high_a for_o many_o time_n it_o rise_v as_o the_o land_n rise_v and_o at_o other_o time_n rise_v very_o level_a even_o to_o the_o head_n of_o the_o bog_n into_o which_o you_o must_v carry_v your_o drain_n or_o within_o two_o or_o three_o yard_n of_o the_o head_n of_o it_o then_o at_o the_o head_n strike_v another_o trench_n overthwart_o both_o way_n at_o the_o middle_a trench_n as_o far_o as_o the_o bog_n go_v all_o along_o the_o end_n of_o it_o continue_v at_o least_o one_o foot_n under_o it_o and_o this_o may_v work_v a_o strange_a alteration_n in_o the_o ground_n without_o any_o more_o trench_v or_o to_o work_v it_o somewhat_o more_o certain_o consider_v after_o you_o have_v bring_v a_o trench_n to_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o bog_n then_o cut_v a_o substantial_a trench_n about_o it_o according_a to_o the_o dimension_n of_o the_o bog_n whether_o round_o square_a or_o long_o or_o three_o or_o four_o yard_n within_o the_o boggy_a ground_n for_o so_o far_o it_o will_v drain_v well_o that_o which_o you_o leave_v without_o the_o trench_n underneath_o the_o spring-water_n round_o and_o when_o you_o have_v so_o do_v make_v one_o work_n or_o two_o overthwart_o it_o upward_o and_o downward_o all_o under_o the_o matter_n of_o the_o bog_n and_o in_o a_o year_n at_o further_a your_o desire_n will_v be_v answer_v chap._n xxi_o to_o drain_n fenny_a and_o marshy_a land_n with_o the_o least_o charge_n and_o most_o effectual_o etc._n etc._n fenny_a and_o marshy_a ground_n be_v another_o thing_n to_o be_v consider_v and_o great_a advantage_n to_o be_v raise_v by_o well_a drain_n they_o so_o that_o they_o may_v be_v convert_v
to_o pasture_n meadow_n or_o arable_a ground_n for_o of_o this_o land_n a_o vast_a deal_n in_o the_o kingdom_n lie_v waste_v and_o turn_v to_o no_o advantage_n unless_o to_o a_o very_a few_o and_o that_o inconsiderable_a but_o to_o do_v this_o it_o be_v not_o only_o take_v away_o the_o water_n from_o the_o surface_n or_o over_o part_n of_o the_o turf_n or_o swarth_a for_o than_o may_v all_o quagmire_n and_o bog_n be_v easy_o recover_v nor_o be_v it_o take_v off_o the_o downfall_n as_o the_o fen-man_n call_v they_o for_o than_o that_o may_v be_v easy_o do_v and_o yet_o no_o perfect_a draining_n for_o continuance_n no_o nor_o the_o land-falls_a land-flood_n nor_o great_a water_n from_o off_o the_o ground_n nor_o do_v all_o these_o in_o a_o way_n or_o usual_a customary_a manner_n that_o may_v deserve_v the_o right_n and_o proper_a name_n of_o effectual_a draining_n you_o must_v then_o to_o do_v it_o go_v to_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o cause_n if_o you_o will_v perform_v the_o cure_n and_o take_v away_o that_o which_o be_v the_o source_n and_o feed_v the_o fen_n or_o moor_n make_v it_o barren_a and_o useless_a by_o corrupt_a and_o unwholesome_a water_n and_o when_o that_o be_v do_v it_o may_v be_v proper_o say_v to_o be_v a_o perfect_a draining_n and_o not_o before_o yet_o the_o other_o be_v not_o to_o be_v discommend_v nor_o discourage_v where_o they_o be_v already_o do_v or_o may_v be_v make_v hereafter_o but_o the_o perfection_n be_v in_o reduce_v it_o to_o soundness_n or_o perfectness_n of_o mould_n that_o the_o wet_a may_v not_o follow_v the_o plough_n or_o it_o only_o bear_v course_n grass_n in_o the_o summer_n be_v overflow_v in_o the_o winter_n but_o this_o be_v well_o do_v whether_o the_o earth_n be_v sand_n day_n gravel_n or_o mix_v earth_n when_o it_o return_v to_o a_o perfect_a swarth_a pure_a turf_n produce_v the_o small_a thistle_n crowflower_n clover_n and_o honeysuckle_n then_o be_v the_o quintessence_n of_o the_o earth_n proper_o prepare_v and_o in_o feed_v and_o corn_v they_o will_v natural_o return_v to_o be_v the_o rich_a of_o all_o your_o land_n as_o appear_v by_o many_o already_o bring_v to_o this_o perfection_n lie_v near_o river_n and_o under_o the_o level_n of_o the_o sea_n and_o most_o of_o the_o ground_n in_o holland_n have_v be_v improve_v this_o way_n to_o a_o considerable_a enrich_n of_o those_o people_n by_o fat_a pasture_n and_o good_a arable_a land_n but_o wave_v some_o objection_n that_o may_v be_v make_v to_o no_o purpose_n by_o such_o as_o be_v not_o desirous_a such_o public_a work_n shall_v go_v forward_o because_o perhaps_o they_o have_v a_o cow_n a_o horse_n or_o a_o few_o sheep_n to_o feed_v as_o commoner_n which_o can_v graze_v sufficient_o about_o the_o edge_n of_o these_o overflow_v land_n i_o shall_v come_v to_o the_o point_n and_o give_v a_o essay_n of_o this_o matter_n which_o well_o put_v in_o practice_n may_v turn_v to_o great_a advantage_n consider_v then_o that_o the_o great_a the_o overflow_a be_v the_o heavy_a it_o lie_v on_o the_o land_n and_o for_o the_o pass_v off_o these_o the_o water-cuts_a and_o work_n must_v be_v proportionable_a and_o the_o labourer_n in_o it_o the_o more_o for_o this_o work_n must_v be_v do_v speedy_o a_o little_a neglect_n set_v it_o frequent_o a_o great_a way_n backward_o if_o the_o work_n be_v considerable_a and_o therefore_o go_v about_o this_o necessary_a improvement_n raise_v such_o bank_n on_o the_o outside_n of_o the_o fen_n as_o may_v keep_v out_o the_o land-flood_n come_v from_o high_a ground_n and_o ditch_n to_o carry_v they_o away_o on_o the_o outside_n into_o some_o adjacent_a river_n or_o watercourse_n that_o carry_v they_o to_o the_o sea_n or_o some_o convenient_a river_n by_o which_o mean_v you_o may_v have_v nothing_o to_o do_v with_o any_o thing_n but_o the_o proper_a water_n in_o the_o fen_n then_o consider_v how_o to_o draw_v your_o middle_a trench_n which_o be_v the_o main_a to_o the_o best_a advantage_n that_o the_o water_n may_v pass_v from_o other_o into_o it_o take_v notice_n of_o the_o advantage_n of_o the_o ground_n in_o all_o its_o particular_n as_o to_o its_o ascend_a and_o descend_v its_o level_n and_o hollow_n so_o that_o have_v true_o cast_v every_o thing_n well_o in_o your_o mind_n drain_v the_o water_n off_o by_o trench_n or_o engine_n that_o will_v cast_v it_o a_o pretty_a way_n in_o great_a abundance_n from_o the_o low_a part_n that_o lie_v beneath_o the_o level_n also_o by_o the_o help_n of_o man_n where_o they_o be_v to_o be_v have_v with_o scoup_n and_o bucket_n when_o a_o dryness_n appear_v on_o the_o surface_n and_o it_o be_v visible_a yet_o there_o be_v some_o spring_n search_v for_o they_o and_o when_o you_o have_v find_v they_o do_v in_o all_o respect_v as_o by_o the_o boggy_a ground_n mention_v in_o the_o forego_n chapter_n and_o as_o for_o the_o small_a hollow_n if_o they_o dry_v not_o it_o matter_n not_o great_o if_o they_o have_v no_o spring_n in_o they_o to_o cause_v a_o overflow_a in_o winter_n for_o they_o will_v serve_v to_o water_n and_o bath_n your_o cattle_n in_o the_o heat_n of_o summer_n or_o produce_v a_o numerous_a fry_n of_o fish_n for_o store_v other_o pond_n as_o likewise_o keep_v game_n there_o to_o your_o advantage_n by_o allure_a the_o wild-duck_n goose_n and_o other_o waterfowl_n of_o which_o considerable_a advantage_n may_v be_v make_v but_o be_v very_o careful_a after_o this_o that_o your_o outward_a bank_n break_v not_o to_o let_v in_o the_o land-flood_n from_o the_o hill_n or_o high_a ground_n if_o the_o trench_n be_v necessary_o to_o be_v many_o endanger_v your_o cattle_n fall_v into_o they_o you_o may_v fill_v the_o small_a that_o come_v from_o the_o spring_n to_o the_o great_a with_o pebble_n and_o flint_n about_o two_o foot_n lay_v they_o as_o light_v as_o you_o can_v and_o over_o they_o flag_n rush_n and_o turf_n and_o upon_o they_o earth_n to_o the_o level_n and_o the_o water_n will_v find_v a_o passage_n among_o the_o stone_n as_o in_o a_o vault_n chap._n xxii_o tool_n and_o instrument_n proper_a and_o useful_a in_o the_o work_a part_n and_o order_n of_o draining_n land_n etc._n etc._n the_o first_o thing_n necessary_a be_v a_o good_a line_n about_o 32_o yard_n in_o length_n make_v of_o the_o best_a water-wrought_a hemp_n about_o double_a the_o thickness_n of_o whipcord_n and_o a_o hand-reel_a to_o wind_v it_o on_o that_o you_o may_v draw_v your_o work_n by_o it_o as_o near_o unto_o the_o straightness_n of_o the_o line_n as_o possible_a and_o by_o the_o length_n you_o may_v measure_v your_o work_n by_o the_o rod_n or_o perch_n to_o know_v how_o it_o go_v on_o you_o must_v also_o have_v a_o exact_a water-level_n near_a or_o altogether_o 5_o foot_n in_o length_n which_o instrument_n many_o have_v assay_v and_o make_v some_o open_a with_o a_o channel_n for_o the_o water_n to_o run_v all_o along_o upon_o a_o three_o inch_n board_n with_o sight_n true_a to_o the_o water_n place_v at_o each_o end_n each_o at_o a_o just_a proportion_n from_o the_o water_n to_o direct_v the_o level_n but_o it_o lie_v so_o open_a to_o the_o wind_n and_o be_v so_o troublesome_a in_o remove_v that_o i_o approve_v not_o of_o it_o then_o make_v one_o for_o the_o more_o easy_a carriage_n and_o true_a performance_n of_o this_o work_n to_o fold_v into_o another_o square_a staff_n about_o 5_o foot_n or_o 5_o and_o a_o half_a make_v of_o the_o best_a young_a season_a oak_n the_o level_n or_o barrel_n 4_o foot_n and_o a_o half_a which_o barrel_n in_o the_o midst_n of_o it_o be_v to_o be_v plant_v into_o the_o top_n of_o the_o staff_n and_o so_o much_o of_o the_o one_o part_n of_o the_o staff_n and_o just_o half_a the_o length_n of_o the_o barrel_n take_v away_o with_o a_o rabuting-plain_a or_o mould_v till_o both_o join_v together_o and_o with_o these_o joint_n make_v one_o complete_a straight_a staff_n and_o formable_a only_o about_o a_o quarter_n of_o a_o inch_n taper_n upward_o from_o the_o bottom_n to_o the_o top_n that_o it_o may_v not_o be_v too_o heavy_a and_o the_o sight_n be_v to_o be_v fix_v into_o both_o end_n of_o the_o level-barrel_n that_o so_o they_o may_v stand_v firm_a and_o hold_v water_n and_o yet_o become_v very_o little_a annoyance_n either_o to_o sight_n or_o practice_n and_o in_o carry_v it_o it_o be_v a_o straight_a staff_n with_o a_o strong_a pike_n in_o the_o bottom_n of_o it_o to_o stick_v into_o the_o ground_n when_o they_o use_v it_o not_o and_o in_o exercise_n be_v unfold_v not_o much_o unlike_o a_o surveyor_n crossstaff_n the_o next_o useful_a thing_n in_o this_o work_n be_v a_o trenching-plough_n and_o coulter_n who_o particular_a use_n be_v to_o cut_v the_o trench_n on_o both_o side_n with_o great_a
wether_n be_v open_a you_o must_v if_o you_o sow_v they_o between_o any_o row_n of_o other_o seed_n rake_v they_o in_o with_o a_o iron-rake_a so_o that_o they_o may_v be_v very_o well_o cover_v and_o they_o must_v lie_v dry_a for_o too_o much_o wet_a and_o moisture_n perish_v the_o seed_n or_o root_n for_o though_o the_o seed_n be_v hot_a and_o require_v some_o moisture_n yet_o a_o great_a deal_n destroy_v its_o natural_a heat_n and_o kill_v it_o you_o may_v sow_v these_o thin_a to_o save_v the_o trouble_n of_o hoe_z but_o if_o they_o come_v up_o very_o thick_a contrary_a to_o your_o expectation_n they_o must_v be_v hoe_v they_o also_o require_v weed_n till_o the_o top_n surmount_v the_o weed_n and_o then_o they_o will_v of_o themselves_o destroy_v they_o the_o best_a sort_n of_o these_o be_v the_o deep_a yellow_a or_o red_a the_o faint_a yellow_a be_v fit_v only_o for_o the_o summer_n season_n not_o subject_a to_o grow_v to_o any_o bigness_n as_o the_o other_o if_o the_o ground_n be_v sterile_a you_o must_v manure_v it_o ever_o you_o sow_v the_o seed_n in_o sand_n you_o may_v well_o keep_v they_o all_o the_o winter_n for_o sale_n your_o table_n and_o to_o fatten_v swine_n chap._n xliv_o improvement_n of_o land_n by_o sow_v of_o parsnip_n and_o the_o well-ordering_a they_o parsnip_n be_v a_o good_a improvement_n where_o they_o will_v kind_o grow_v and_o come_v up_o to_o a_o proportionable_a bigness_n they_o be_v a_o root_n of_o a_o luscious_a oyley_a taste_n wholesome_a and_o extraordinary_a fatten_v the_o seed_n of_o this_o be_v proper_a to_o be_v sow_o in_o the_o spring_n and_o be_v much_o delight_v in_o rich_a mellow_a ground_n which_o must_v be_v dig_v deep_a that_o the_o root_n may_v the_o easy_a shoot_n downward_o and_o grow_v thick_a to_o full_a proportion_n many_o field_n with_o a_o little_a manure_n will_v produce_v of_o these_o a_o great_a increase_n and_o turn_v land_n to_o a_o wonderful_a advantage_n where_o there_o be_v good_a sale_n for_o they_o over_z and_o above_o the_o offal_n that_o will_v fatten_v swine_n and_o as_o much_o as_o will_v suffice_v the_o family_n when_o they_o be_v grow_v to_o any_o bigness_n you_o may_v turn_v cattle_n into_o the_o field_n who_o brouze_a on_o and_o tread_v down_o the_o top_n will_v make_v the_o root_n prosper_v the_o better_a this_o seed_n must_v be_v sow_o deep_a as_o can_v be_v well_o rake_v in_o they_o require_v little_a moisture_n and_o therefore_o may_v be_v sow_o upon_o raise_a land_n like_o bed_n and_o be_v take_v up_o with_o a_o large_a spade_n that_o be_v in_o length_n they_o may_v as_o soon_o as_o cleanse_v from_o the_o earth_n be_v set_v to_o sale_n or_o else_o you_o may_v keep_v they_o a_o long_a time_n in_o good_a dry_a sand_n cut_v off_o their_o top_n to_o prevent_v their_o grow_n another_o useful_a thing_n that_o may_v make_v good_a improvement_n though_o not_o in_o such_o a_o general_a manner_n be_v potato_n these_o be_v once_o in_o the_o ground_n will_v spread_v extreme_o and_o if_o a_o root_n be_v cut_v in_o many_o piece_n it_o will_v every_o part_n of_o it_o grow_v they_o be_v very_o nourish_v and_o wholesome_a to_o the_o stomach_n and_o a_o little_a piece_n of_o any_o ordinary_a ground_n will_v produce_v a_o sufficiency_n for_o the_o use_n of_o many_o family_n a_o whole_a winter_n and_o many_o succeed_a winter_n their_o increase_n be_v very_o great_a but_o you_o must_v not_o sow_v they_o in_o stoney_n ground_n for_o that_o will_v much_o hinder_v their_o growth_n and_o make_v they_o wrinkle_v and_o ill-favoured_a chap._n xlv_o improvement_n of_o land_n by_o sow_v weld_n or_o will_v and_o how_o to_o order_v it_o there_o be_v other_o improvement_n though_o not_o so_o common_a that_o make_v good_a return_n of_o land_n and_o labour_n which_o design_v to_o write_v a_o perfect_a book_n of_o this_o nature_n i_o think_v not_o convenient_a to_o omit_v and_o first_o of_o weld_n or_o will_v a_o rich_a and_o profitable_a commodity_n for_o die_v it_o bear_v a_o long_a narrow_a greenish_a yellow_a leaf_n and_o produce_v a_o yellow_a flower_n run_v to_o a_o small_a seed_n and_o be_v very_o thick_o set_v with_o they_o small_a than_o a_o mustardseed_n it_o flourish_v in_o june_n and_o july_n grow_v in_o some_o place_n of_o itself_o and_o be_v produce_v on_o very_o indifferent_a land_n hardly_o fit_a for_o any_o thing_n else_o without_o much_o manure_n so_o it_o be_v very_o dry_a and_o warm_a by_o nature_n it_o cost_v but_o little_a the_o manage_n as_o require_v no_o tillage_n it_o be_v to_o be_v sow_v when_o and_o where_o you_o sow_v your_o barley_n and_o oat_n upon_o that_o husbandry_n without_o any_o addition_n unless_o draw_v a_o few_o bush_n with_o weight_n over_o it_o or_o press_v it_o into_o the_o earth_n with_o a_o rowler_n sow_v it_o even_o for_o the_o seed_n be_v small_a will_v require_v skill_n in_o this_o therefore_o mix_v ash_n or_o fine_a earth_n with_o it_o that_o it_o may_v spread_v the_o better_a when_o well_o mingle_v with_o either_o of_o they_o a_o gallion_n of_o this_o seed_n be_v sufficient_a to_o sow_v a_o acre_n add_v for_o the_o better_a spread_v two_o gallon_n of_o earth_n or_o ash_n to_o every_o quart_n stir_v the_o composition_n often_o to_o mix_v it_o lest_o the_o seed_n sink_v to_o the_o bottom_n and_o so_o deceive_v you_o cast_v it_o out_o at_o arm_n be_v end_n in_o as_o even_o a_o compass_n as_o possible_a and_o in_o the_o summer_n you_o will_v receive_v a_o good_a crop_n and_o when_o it_o come_v to_o ripen_v be_v curious_a in_o observe_v it_o for_o if_o you_o let_v it_o grow_v too_o long_o the_o seed_n will_v fall_v out_o if_o not_o long_a enough_o neither_o that_o nor_o the_o stalk_v will_v be_v perfect_a and_o therefore_o note_n both_o the_o ripen_n of_o the_o seed_n and_o the_o turn_v the_o stalk_n and_o when_o you_o perceive_v it_o proper_o ripen_v pull_v it_o up_o by_o the_o root_n bound_v it_o in_o little_a bundle_n place_v they_o in_o little_a shock_n that_o the_o sun_n and_o air_n may_v free_o penetrate_v to_o dry_v they_o and_o in_o house_n be_v careful_a not_o rough_o to_o use_v it_o lest_o the_o seed_n fall_v out_o and_o by_o this_o well_o order_v there_o be_v considerable_a profit_n to_o be_v gain_v as_o ten_o time_n the_o charge_n and_o price_n of_o the_o land_n if_o it_o come_v to_o a_o good_a market_n the_o seed_n may_v be_v thrash_v out_o with_o small_a pole_n or_o wand_n on_o a_o clean_a boarded-floar_a so_o close_o joint_v that_o they_o can_v run_v into_o the_o crevice_n which_o may_v be_v reserve_v for_o sow_v again_o it_o colour_n a_o bright_a yellow_a and_o a_o lemon-colour_n excellent_o well_o and_o with_o the_o stalk_v the_o root_n must_v go_v be_v of_o the_o same_o efficacy_n and_o a_o great_a pity_n be_v it_o that_o it_o be_v not_o more_o improve_v since_o it_o may_v employ_v store_n of_o land_n that_o lie_v in_o a_o manner_n altogether_o useless_a chap._n xlvi_o improvement_n of_o land_n by_o sow_v of_o woad_n and_o how_o to_o order_v it_o etc._n etc._n woad_n be_v another_o useful_a and_o very_a profitable_a commodity_n lay_v the_o foundation_n and_o solidity_n of_o very_a many_o colour_n and_o a_o woad-red_n colour_n be_v free_a from_o stain_v excellent_a for_o hold_v its_o colour_n and_o almost_o every_o sad_a hold_v colour_n must_v be_v woad_n therefore_o it_o consequent_o be_v of_o great_a use_n and_o advantage_n in_o die_v the_o stalk_v be_v small_a and_o tender_a the_o leave_n of_o a_o blue_a green_a colour_n the_o seed_n be_v like_a to_o the_o ash-key_n or_o seed_n but_o not_o so_o long_o like_o little_a blackish_a tongue_n the_o root_n simple_a and_o white_a it_o bear_v h_o a_o yellow_a flower_n this_o contrary_a to_o the_o other_o require_v very_o rich_a land_n that_o be_v warm_a and_o sound_a either_o a_o little_a sandy_n or_o gravelish_a will_v do_v though_o the_o pure_a warm_a solid_a earth_n be_v the_o best_a land_n exceed_v rich_a though_o it_o shall_v be_v mix_v with_o a_o little_a clay_n be_v also_o proper_a if_o warm_a in_o great_a deep_a rich_a pasture_n many_o hill_n and_o hill-side_n be_v good_a woad-land_n when_o the_o bottom-ground_n will_v not_o serve_v it_o but_o the_o principal_a ground_n be_v the_o home-close_a or_o lesser_a ground_n lie_v near_o about_o and_o border_v on_o to_n the_o best_a natural_a part_n of_o this_o kingdom_n for_o woad_n be_v some_o part_n of_o worcester-shire_n and_o warwickeshire_n oxford-shire_n northamptonshire_n gloucester-shire_n leicester-shire_n and_o buckingham-shire_n with_o some_o other_o place_n the_o ground_n for_o this_o must_v be_v choice_o plough_v and_o if_o very_a hilly_a they_o must_v be_v cast_v well_o that_o they_o may_v lie_v even_o and_o fair_a on_o the_o superficial_a part_n of_o the_o earth_n and_o
then_o well_o harrow_v about_o four_o bushel_n will_v sufficient_o sow_v a_o acre_n which_o do_v you_o must_v cover_v it_o with_o a_o harrow_n very_o fine_a and_o break_v all_o the_o clots_n pick_v the_o stone_n and_o rubbish_n off_o the_o ground_n that_o it_o may_v come_v easy_o up_o the_o proper_a time_n of_o sow_v be_v in_o the_o middle_n or_o towards_o the_o end_n of_o march._n after_o the_o land_n be_v sow_v and_o it_o begin_v to_o spring_v up_o as_o soon_o as_o any_o weed_n appear_v they_o must_v be_v take_v out_o and_o be_v from_o time_n to_o time_n keep_v as_o free_v from_o they_o as_o may_v be_v and_o when_o the_o leaf_n be_v come_v to_o full_a growth_n which_o will_v be_v some_o time_n soon_o and_o at_o other_o late_a as_o the_o seasonableness_n of_o the_o year_n produce_v dryer_n or_o moist_a you_o must_v cut_v it_o up_o and_o carry_v it_o to_o the_o mill_n to_o be_v ground_n and_o when_o it_o be_v so_o make_v it_o up_o in_o little_a ball_n and_o dry_v they_o well_o for_o use_v and_o good_a woad_n in_o a_o seasonable_a year_n may_v very_o probable_o yield_v five_o or_o six_o crop_n and_o ordinary_o four_o and_o three_o and_o the_o winter_n crop_n be_v excellent_a for_o sheep_n keep_v they_o from_o the_o rot_n and_o many_o other_o disease_n it_o likewise_o contrary_a to_o the_o opinion_n of_o some_o prepare_v the_o ground_n very_o well_o for_o corn_n and_o good_a estate_n have_v be_v get_v by_o it_o the_o best_a woad_n have_v be_v sell_v from_o twenty_o to_o thirty_o pound_v a_o tun._n chap._n xlvii_o improvement_n of_o land_n by_o sow_v mad_a and_o how_o to_o order_v it_o mad_a be_v a_o very_a good_a improver_n of_o land_n and_o be_v much_o use_v in_o die_v there_o be_v but_o one_o kind_n of_o it_o which_o be_v manure_v and_o set_v for_o use_n but_o there_o be_v many_o thing_n like_o it_o as_o goosegrass_n soft_a cliver_n crosswort_n lady_n bedstraw_n &c_n &c_n which_o have_v all_o leave_n like_o mad_a and_o be_v suppose_v to_o be_v a_o wild_a kind_n of_o it_o it_o have_v long_a stalk_n and_o trail_a branch_n on_o the_o ground_n rough_a and_o full_a of_o joint_n and_o every_o joint_n set_v with_o green_a rough_a leave_n in_o the_o manner_n of_o a_o star_n the_o flower_n grow_v on_o the_o top_n of_o the_o branch_n of_o a_o faint_a yellow_a colour_n after_o which_o come_v the_o seed_n round_o and_o green_a the_o root_n creep_v far_o in_o the_o upper_a crust_n of_o the_o earth_n one_o root_n entangle_v into_o another_o and_o when_o it_o be_v green_a and_o fresh_a the_o root_n be_v of_o a_o red_a colour_n small_a and_o tender_a and_o although_o it_o bear_v a_o seed_n yet_o in_o this_o country_n it_o come_v not_o to_o perfection_n and_o therefore_o it_o must_v be_v plant_v from_o the_o set_v that_o be_v to_o be_v get_v from_o the_o mad_a and_o the_o season_n of_o get_v or_o draw_v they_o be_v march_n and_o april_n as_o soon_o as_o they_o be_v spring_v out_o of_o the_o ground_n about_o three_o inch_n every_o sucker_n have_v some_o 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winter_n and_o so_o all_o along_o to_o the_o time_n of_o set_v weed_z it_z and_z ho_o it_o till_o it_o have_v get_v the_o mastery_n of_o the_o weed_n and_o then_o it_o will_v destroy_v they_o set_v they_o by_o a_o line_n for_o a_o good_a evenness_n with_o a_o setting-stick_a crumble_a in_o light_a mould_n to_o fill_v up_o the_o vacancy_n and_o if_o any_o die_v you_o must_v fill_v up_o the_o vacancy_n for_o they_o come_v not_o to_o their_o natural_a perfection_n under_o three_o year_n and_o the_o first_o and_o second_o year_n keep_v they_o hoe_z and_o you_o may_v gather_v set_v from_o they_o almost_o as_o many_o as_o you_o have_v set_v for_o the_o root_n will_v bear_v it_o by_o take_v firmness_n in_o the_o ground_n and_o well_o spread_v so_o that_o these_o set_v will_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n supply_v other_o ground_n chap._n xlviii_o wood-land_n and_o enclosure_n improve_v and_o the_o great_a advantage_n make_v thereby_o enclosure_n and_o wood-land_n be_v of_o great_a advantage_n to_o the_o husbandman_n not_o only_o in_o supply_v he_o with_o timber_n for_o his_o own_o use_n in_o building_n and_o sale_n but_o with_o underwood_n for_o hedging_n fuel_n and_o the_o like_a for_o himself_o and_o neighbour_n to_o increase_v enclosure_n and_o pass_v away_o the_o bitter_a cold_a of_o the_o winter_n with_o keep_v good_a fire_n beside_o tree_n may_v be_v plant_v and_o will_v flourish_v in_o place_n where_o corn_n or_o grass_n or_o any_o other_o profitable_a thing_n will_v not_o kind_o grow_v beside_o when_o the_o land_n be_v clear_v of_o wood_n they_o prove_v much_o better_o and_o yield_v great_a plenty_n of_o corn_n with_o a_o little_a manure_n than_o many_o that_o have_v be_v long_o till_v lie_v round_o about_o they_o they_o also_o yield_v pleasant_a and_o delightful_a prospect_n to_o the_o eye_n serve_v as_o cool_v shade_n to_o retreat_n in_o in_o the_o summer_n and_o in_o the_o winter_n prove_v shelter_n to_o the_o house_n barn_n and_o land_n lie_v near_o they_o from_o the_o cold_a nip_a wind_n and_o in_o wood_n by_o their_o warmness_n grass_n in_o the_o vacant_a place_n spring_v all_o the_o year_n on_o which_o sheep_n will_v feed_v well_o and_o grow_v fat_a be_v by_o that_o mean_v preserve_v from_o the_o cold_a and_o rot_v likewise_o well_o grow_v wood_n in_o most_o place_n produce_v mast_n holm_n acorn_n hazle-nut_n service_n meddler_n and_o the_o like_a which_o either_o fall_n of_o themselves_o or_o be_v diligent_o beat_v down_o feed_v a_o great_a number_n of_o swine_n to_o a_o considerable_a fatness_n land_n of_o small_a value_n may_v be_v by_o plant_v of_o tree_n bring_v to_o grow_v up_o to_o considerable_a estate_n i_o find_v it_o confirm_v by_o several_a that_o land_n not_o compute_v to_o be_v worth_a ten_o shilling_n a_o acre_n per_fw-la annum_fw-la have_v by_o this_o manner_n of_o improvement_n produce_v at_o eleven_o or_o twelve_o year_n growth_n as_o much_o wood_n as_o be_v fell_v from_o one_o acre_n 60_o l._n and_o indeed_o morish_a boggy-land_n that_o can_v be_v drain_v or_o other_o way_n improve_v to_o any_o profit_n or_o advantage_n be_v plant_v with_o osier_n willow_n alder_a poplar_n or_o the_o like_a tree_n that_o affect_v and_o covet_v moist_a ground_n return_v in_o a_o little_a time_n to_o a_o great_a advantage_n for_o many_o use_n grow_v very_o fast_o so_o that_o they_o turn_v to_o great_a advantage_n it_o have_v be_v know_v that_o a_o hundred_o ash_n at_o the_o growth_n of_o fifty_o year_n have_v be_v sell_v for_o 500_o l._n and_o these_o grow_v too_o on_o a_o very_a small_a compass_n of_o land_n which_o they_o but_o little_o encumber_v and_o i_o find_v it_o set_v down_o that_o a_o person_n plant_v so_o much_o wood_n that_o in_o his_o own_o life_n time_n be_v value_v at_o 50000_o l._n these_o great_a income_n and_o increase_v methinks_v shall_v give_v many_o encouragement_n to_o imitate_v our_o predecessor_n that_o as_o we_o find_v the_o advantage_n of_o their_o labour_n and_o industry_n so_o ourselves_o and_o our_o posterity_n may_v find_v the_o like_a of_o our_o own_o and_o for_o the_o better_a quick_a and_o least_o chargeable_a improvement_n of_o these_o thing_n i_o shall_v lay_v down_o plain_a and_o easy_a rule_n chap._n xlix_o of_o oak_n elm_n and_o beech_n how_o to_o order_n and_o improve_v they_o for_o the_o best_a advantage_n as_o for_o the_o english_a oak_n among_o other_o for_o firmness_n and_o durableness_n it_o be_v count_v the_o best_a timber_n in_o the_o world_n for_o build_v house_n ship_n and_o other_o necessary_a use_n and_o yet_o it_o will_v grow_v in_o any_o indifferent_a land_n good_a or_o bad_a as_o clay_n gravel_n sand_n mix_v or_o unmixed_a soil_n dry_a cold_a warm_a
it_o delight_v in_o good_a land_n though_o almost_o in_o any_o other_o it_o will_v thrive_v as_o barren_a mountain_n land_n hardly_o fit_a for_o any_o other_o use_n but_o the_o much_o spread_n of_o the_o root_n where_o they_o stand_v near_o arable_a land_n hinder_v the_o plough_n and_o the_o water_n drop_v from_o they_o much_o injure_v the_o corn_n but_o wood_n coppice_n waste_v etc._n etc._n may_v be_v replenish_v with_o they_o they_o usual_o grow_v better_a where_o other_o timber_n have_v be_v fell_v or_o decay_v by_o a_o long_a growth_n in_o white_a and_o chalky_a land_n they_o prosper_v very_o well_o as_o it_o appear_v by_o those_o of_o a_o very_a large_a stature_n grow_v on_o such_o land_n in_o wiltshire_n hampshire_n and_o other_o county_n in_o england_n the_o lop_v and_o timber_n turn_v to_o a_o very_a great_a advantage_n these_o tree_n may_v be_v propagate_v of_o the_o key_n sow_o gather_v in_o october_n or_o after_o when_o they_o be_v about_o fall_v off_o from_o the_o most_o 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they_o for_o pole_n it_o be_v excellent_a either_o for_o the_o support_a hop_n or_o any_o aspire_a thing_n that_o can_v without_o help_n support_v themselves_o and_o serve_v the_o husbandman_n and_o gardener_n for_o many_o tool_n and_o and_o utensil_n it_o be_v use_v in_o many_o thing_n about_o ship_n and_o in_o maritime_a utensil_n as_o for_o fuel_n it_o burn_v sweet_a wet_a or_o dry_a leave_v curious_a white_a ash_n behind_o they_o and_o little_a earthy_a part_n the_o leave_v stamp_v and_o lay_v to_o the_o bite_n of_o any_o venomous_a beast_n draw_v out_o the_o poison_n and_o with_o success_n the_o juice_n of_o the_o leave_n be_v drink_v against_o any_o poison_n inward_o receive_v the_o season_n for_o set_v the_o ash_n for_o the_o best_a growth_n be_v from_o the_o end_n of_o october_n or_o beginning_n of_o november_n till_o january_n for_o if_o the_o sap_n at_o set_v be_v but_o a_o little_a in_o the_o tree_n the_o worm_n take_v it_o and_o hinder_v the_o growth_n very_o much_o spoil_v 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in_o hedge-row_n or_o avenue_n it_o yield_v a_o pleasant_a shade_n and_o ornament_n the_o service-tree_n be_v raise_v from_o the_o berry_n as_o other_o mast_n may_v be_v which_o be_v ripe_a may_v be_v sow_o as_o other_o mast_n and_o they_o will_v grow_v apace_o or_o you_o may_v draw_v young_a plant_n in_o wood_n where_o they_o be_v overshade_v by_o other_o more_o spread_a tree_n and_o can_v wâ—ll_n come_v to_o their_o growth_n they_o cause_v a_o beautiful_a shade_n and_o the_o berry_n cause_v good_a digestion_n the_o wood_n be_v useful_a for_o joiner_n as_o be_v of_o a_o very_a delicate_a grain_n fit_a for_o many_o use_n it_o also_o yield_v beam_n of_o a_o considerable_a bigness_n the_o birch_n be_v another_o tree_n very_o useful_a and_o profitable_a and_o will_v grow_v almost_o on_o any_o land_n so_o that_o barren_a land_n may_v be_v much_o improve_v by_o it_o it_o will_v thrive_v on_o hot_a burn_a sand_n in_o cold_a moist_a clay_n and_o in_o marshy_a ground_n boggy_a or_o stony_a 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somewhat_o well_o grow_v take_v off_o with_o your_o pruning-hook_n the_o small_a and_o most_o superfluous_a bough_n and_o branch_n do_v it_o upward_o about_o january_n that_o what_o of_o the_o snag_n remain_v to_o the_o tree_n may_v not_o split_v and_o the_o best_a way_n be_v to_o cut_v they_o off_o as_o close_o to_o the_o body_n of_o the_o tree_n as_o may_v be_v lest_o the_o stump_n rot_v and_o water_n get_v into_o the_o hollow_a part_n to_o spoil_v and_o dote_v the_o timber_n second_o when_o you_o perceive_v your_o plant_n will_v not_o grow_v up_o to_o tall_a timber_n shroud_v they_o or_o lop_v they_o and_o they_o will_v grow_v up_o to_o be_v very_o good_a pollard_n this_o must_v be_v do_v above_o the_o height_n of_o the_o reach_n of_o cattle_n smooth_a and_o asloap_n take_v off_o the_o top_n and_o main_a branch_n this_o may_v be_v do_v in_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o spring_n or_o the_o end_n of_o the_o fall_n and_o so_o when_o they_o be_v grow_v up_o you_o may_v lop_v they_o every_o 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employ_v labour_v man_n so_o that_o every_o one_o will_v live_v at_o ease_n from_o encumbrance_n or_o suffer_v want_n but_o this_o some_o may_v say_v can_v be_v do_v without_o great_a encouragement_n of_o our_o superior_n or_o at_o least_o the_o general_a consent_n of_o all_o that_o have_v any_o right_a or_o claim_v in_o the_o many_o part_n of_o such_o land_n by_o long_a custom_n suppose_v this_o grant_v as_o for_o the_o first_o those_o that_o be_v call_v together_o to_o consult_v the_o good_a and_o welfare_n of_o all_o the_o people_n of_o england_n can_v be_v think_v to_o be_v averse_a to_o so_o great_a a_o advantage_n to_o the_o public_a where_o particular_n be_v right_o represent_v and_o state_v since_o the_o poor_a reap_v the_o benefit_n they_o be_v by_o far_o the_o vast_a number_n it_o will_v be_v a_o great_a easement_n to_o the_o nation_n in_o employ_v many_o and_o charitable_o support_v other_o and_o for_o the_o latter_a i_o presume_v there_o be_v few_o that_o will_v not_o be_v induce_v to_o study_v their_o own_o good_a and_o advantage_n chap._n lix_n of_o enclosure_n and_o tree_n plant_v in_o hedge-row_n both_o fruit_n and_o other_o and_o the_o benefit_n arise_v thereby_o to_o the_o owner_n of_o such_o land_n etc._n etc._n there_o may_v be_v abundance_n of_o thing_n say_v in_o the_o encouragement_n of_o enclosure_n and_o woodland_n beneficial_a to_o private_a person_n and_o the_o general_a good_a of_o the_o nation_n since_o so_o great_a a_o consumption_n of_o timber_n and_o under-wood_n have_v of_o late_o be_v make_v in_o build_v of_o ship_n house_n in_o iron-work_n and_o charcoal_n which_o if_o not_o in_o time_n repair_v will_v make_v this_o or_o at_o least_o the_o next_o generation_n too_o sensible_a of_o the_o decay_n of_o it_o and_o the_o want_n of_o these_o necessary_n will_v much_o obstruct_v the_o trade_n of_o the_o nation_n as_o well_o as_o put_v private_a person_n to_o great_a strait_n the_o earth_n proper_a in_o this_o case_n may_v be_v choose_v indifferent_o but_o for_o wood_n land_n choose_v a_o warm_a sandy_a gravelly_a ground_n mix_v with_o other_o earth_n to_o temper_v they_o especial_o with_o a_o moist_a strong_a cold_a clay_n i_o have_v give_v divers_a rule_n already_o for_o the_o meliorate_n earth_n when_o they_o decay_v or_o languish_v by_o sundry_a manure_n and_o therefore_o shall_v not_o be_v troublesome_a to_o my_o reader_n in_o repeat_v what_o be_v already_o do_v but_o where_o enclosure_n be_v design_v for_o corn_n by_o the_o way_n that_o it_o be_v proper_a you_o make_v choice_n of_o a_o good_a sound_a middle_a warm_a land_n than_o of_o the_o rich_a and_o fat_a that_o be_v and_o it_o will_v produce_v a_o great_a increase_n and_o the_o timber_n about_o it_o will_v pretty_a well_o thrive_v and_o grow_v up_o in_o time_n to_o great_a spread_a tree_n though_o not_o over_o high_a so_o that_o the_o bough_n will_v be_v very_o thick_a and_o substantial_a and_o the_o great_a arm_n serve_v for_o divers_a necessary_a use_n as_o occasion_n shall_v require_v they_o in_o building_n or_o other_o matter_n and_o the_o spray-lops_a provide_v a_o sufficiency_n of_o fuel_n to_o screen_n you_o from_o the_o cold_a in_o the_o hedge-row_n you_o may_v likewise_o to_o advantage_v yourself_o more_o plant_v fruit-tree_n which_o be_v well_o grow_v will_n with_o a_o little_a care_n bear_v better_o than_o those_o plant_v in_o orchard_n as_o lie_v more_o open_a to_o the_o sun_n and_o altogether_o unincumbr_v by_o other_o so_o that_o by_o the_o fruit_n great_a profit_n will_v accrue_v and_o the_o due_a prune_v they_o will_v add_v to_o your_o stock_n of_o fuel_n beside_o it_o will_v give_v a_o very_a pleasant_a prospect_n to_o the_o ground_n afford_v cool_a and_o delightful_a umbrays_n in_o the_o summer-season_n and_o this_o appear_v by_o land_n already_o improve_v in_o this_o nature_n in_o hertford-shire_n worcester-shire_n gloucester-shire_n and_o other_o country_n redound_v to_o the_o great_a benefit_n of_o the_o owner_n 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