Selected quad for the lemma: ground_n

Word A Word B Word C Word D Occurrence Frequency Band MI MI Band Prominent
ground_n long_a small_a stalk_n 1,584 5 11.5582 5 false
View all documents for the selected quad

Text snippets containing the quad

ID Title Author Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication) STC Words Pages
A06926 The English husbandman. The first part: contayning the knowledge of the true nature of euery soyle within this kingdome: how to plow it; and the manner of the plough, and other instruments belonging thereto. Together with the art of planting, grafting, and gardening after our latest and rarest fashion. A worke neuer written before by any author: and now newly compiled for the benefit of this kingdome. By Garuis Markham; English husbandman. Part 1 Markham, Gervase, 1568?-1637. 1613 (1613) STC 17355; ESTC S112063 130,486 198

There are 6 snippets containing the selected quad. | View original text

when_o you_o come_v to_o your_o place_n of_o residence_n than_o you_o must_v needs_o unpacke_v they_o and_o spread_v they_o thin_a or_o else_o they_o will_v rot_v and_o consume_v in_o a_o sudden_a there_o be_v sundry_a way_n of_o gather_v pear_n diverse_o or_o other_o fruit_n as_o namely_o to_o climb_v into_o the_o tree_n and_o to_o have_v a_o basket_n with_o a_o line_n fasten_v thereto_o and_o so_o when_o it_o be_v fill_v to_o let_v it_o down_o and_o cause_v it_o to_o be_v empty_v which_o labour_n though_o some_o of_o your_o southern_a fruiterer_n do_v not_o much_o commend_v yet_o for_o my_o own_o part_n i_o do_v not_o see_v much_o error_n therein_o but_o that_o it_o be_v both_o allowable_a and_o convenient_a both_o because_o it_o neither_o bruise_v the_o fruit_n nor_o put_v the_o gatherer_n to_o any_o extraordinary_a labour_n only_o the_o imaginary_a evil_n be_v that_o by_o climb_v up_o into_o the_o tree_n he_o that_o gather_v the_o fruit_n may_v endanger_v the_o break_n slip_a and_o disbranch_a of_o many_o of_o the_o young_a cyon_n which_o breed_v much_o hurt_n and_o damage_n to_o the_o tree_n but_o judgement_n and_o care_n which_o ought_v to_o be_v apropriate_a to_o man_n of_o this_o quality_n be_v a_o certain_a prevent_a of_o all_o such_o mischief_n now_o for_o such_o as_o in_o gather_v of_o their_o fruit_n do_v every_o time_n that_o the_o basket_n be_v full_o bring_v it_o down_o themselves_o from_o the_o tree_n and_o empty_a it_o by_o pour_v the_o fruit_n rude_o and_o boystrous_o forth_o or_o for_o beat_v of_o fruit_n down_o with_o long_a pole_n loggat_n or_o such_o like_a they_o be_v both_o most_o vild_a and_o preposterous_a course_n the_o first_o be_v full_a of_o too_o much_o foolish_a and_o careless_a trouble_n the_o latter_a of_o too_o much_o disorder_n &_o cruelty_n ruyne_v in_o a_o moment_n what_o have_v be_v many_o year_n in_o building_n as_o for_o the_o climb_v the_o tree_n with_o a_o ladder_n albeit_o it_o be_v a_o very_a good_a way_n for_o the_o gather_n of_o fruit_n yet_o if_o it_o be_v never_o so_o little_a indiscréet_o handle_v it_o as_o much_o hazard_v the_o break_n and_o bruise_v both_o of_o the_o fruit_n and_o the_o small_a cyon_n as_o either_o climb_v the_o tree_n or_o any_o other_o way_n whatsoever_o now_o for_o the_o gather_n of_o your_o apple_n apple_n you_o shall_v understand_v that_o your_o summer_n fruit_n as_o your_o jenit_n wibourne_n and_o such_o like_a be_v first_o to_o be_v gather_v who_o ripeness_n you_o may_v partly_o know_v by_o the_o change_n of_o colour_n partly_o by_o the_o peck_v of_o bird_n but_o chief_o by_o the_o course_n former_o describe_v for_o your_o knowledge_n of_o the_o ripeness_n of_o the_o pear_n which_o be_v the_o hollowness_n of_o core_n and_o liberty_n of_o the_o kernel_n only_o and_o when_o you_o do_v perceive_v they_o be_v ripe_a you_o shall_v gather_v they_o in_o such_o wise_a as_o have_v be_v declare_v for_o the_o gather_n of_o your_o pear_n without_o respect_v the_o state_n of_o the_o moon_n or_o any_o such_o like_a observation_n but_o when_o you_o come_v to_o gather_v your_o winter-fruit_n which_o be_v the_o pippin_n pearemaine_a russeting_n blacke-annat_a and_o such_o like_a you_o shall_v in_o any_o wise_a gather_v they_o in_o the_o wane_n of_o the_o moon_n and_o as_o before_o i_o say_v in_o the_o dry_v season_n that_o may_v be_v and_o if_o it_o be_v so_o that_o your_o store_n be_v so_o great_a that_o you_o can_v gather_v all_o in_o that_o season_n yet_o you_o shall_v get_v so_o much_o of_o your_o principal_a fruit_n the_o young_a and_o fair_a as_o be_v possible_a to_o be_v get_v and_o preserve_v it_o for_o the_o last_o which_o you_o intend_v either_o to_o spend_v or_o utter_v now_o for_o the_o manner_n of_o gather_v your_o apple_n i_o do_v not_o think_v you_o can_v amend_v or_o approve_v a_o better_a way_n than_o that_o which_o have_v be_v describe_v for_o the_o gather_n of_o pear_n yet_o some_o of_o our_o late_a practitioner_n who_o think_v themselves_o not_o cunning_a if_o they_o be_v not_o curious_a dislike_v that_o way_n and_o will_v only_o have_v a_o gather_a apron_n into_o which_o have_v gather_v their_o fruit_n they_o do_v empty_a it_o into_o large_a vessel_n this_o gather_a apron_n be_v a_o strong_a piece_n of_o canvas_n at_o least_o a_o ell_n every_o way_n which_o have_v the_o upper_a end_n make_v fast_o about_o a_o man_n neck_n &_o the_o nether_a end_n with_o three_o loop_n that_o be_v one_o at_o each_o corner_n &_o one_o in_o the_o midst_n through_o which_o you_o shall_v put_v a_o string_n and_o bind_v it_o about_o your_o waste_n in_o so_o much_o that_o both_o the_o side_n of_o your_o apron_n be_v open_a you_o may_v put_v your_o fruit_n therein_o with_o which_o hand_n you_o please_v this_o manner_n of_o gather_v apple_n be_v not_o amiss_o yet_o in_o my_o conceit_n the_o apron_n be_v so_o small_a a_o defence_n for_o the_o apple_n that_o if_o it_o do_v but_o knock_v against_o the_o bough_n as_o you_o do_v move_v yourself_o it_o can_v choose_v but_o bruise_v the_o fruit_n very_o much_o which_o ought_v ever_o to_o be_v avoid_v therefore_o still_o i_o be_o of_o this_o opinion_n there_o be_v no_o better_a way_n safe_a nor_o more_o easy_a then_o gather_v they_o into_o a_o small_a basket_n with_o a_o long_a line_n thereat_o as_o have_v be_v before_o declare_v in_o the_o gather_n of_o pear_n now_o you_o shall_v careful_o observe_v in_o empt_v one_o basket_n into_o another_o that_o you_o do_v it_o so_o gentle_o as_o may_v be_v least_o in_o pour_v they_o out_o too_o rude_o the_o stalk_n of_o the_o fruit_n do_v prick_v one_o another_o which_o although_o it_o do_v appear_v little_a or_o nothing_o at_o the_o first_o yet_o it_o be_v the_o first_o ground_n cause_n and_o beginning_n of_o rottenness_n and_o therefore_o you_o shall_v to_o your_o uttermost_a power_n gather_v your_o apple_n with_o as_o small_a stalk_n as_o may_v be_v so_o they_o have_v any_o at_o all_o which_o they_o must_v needs_o have_v because_o that_o as_o too_o big_a stalk_n do_v prick_v and_o bruise_v the_o fruit_n so_o to_o have_v none_o at_o all_o make_v the_o fruit_n rot_v first_o in_o the_o place_n where_o the_o stalk_n shall_v be_v you_o shall_v also_o keep_v your_o fruit_n clean_o from_o leaf_n for_o they_o be_v green_a and_o full_a of_o moisture_n when_o by_o reason_n of_o their_o lie_v close_o together_o they_o begin_v to_o wither_v they_o strike_v such_o a_o heat_n into_o the_o apple_n that_o they_o mil-dew_n and_o rot_v instant_o as_o touch_v your_o fall_n fall_n which_o be_v those_o apple_n which_o fall_v from_o your_o tree_n either_o through_o too_o much_o ripeness_n or_o else_o through_o the_o violence_n of_o wind_n or_o tempest_n you_o shall_v by_o no_o mean_n match_v they_o or_o mix_v they_o with_o your_o gather_a fruit_n for_o they_o can_v by_o no_o mean_n last_o or_o endure_v so_o long_o for_o the_o latter_a which_o fall_v by_o force_n of_o wind_n want_v the_o true_a nourishment_n of_o the_o earth_n and_o the_o kind_o ripen_v upon_o the_o tree_n must_v necessary_o shrink_v wither_v and_o growrivel_v so_o that_o your_o best_a course_n be_v to_o spend_v they_o present_o with_o all_o speed_n possible_a for_o the_o other_o which_o have_v too_o much_o ripeness_n from_o the_o earth_n and_o the_o tree_n though_o it_o be_v much_o better_a than_o the_o other_o yet_o it_o can_v be_v long_o last_v both_o because_o it_o be_v in_o the_o fall_v bruise_v and_o also_o have_v too_o much_o ripeness_n which_o be_v the_o first_o step_n to_o rottenness_n so_o that_o they_o must_v likewise_o be_v spend_v with_o all_o expedition_n fruit._n for_o the_o carriage_n of_o your_o apple_n if_o the_o place_n be_v not_o far_o whether_o you_o shall_v carry_v they_o you_o shall_v then_o in_o those_o large_a basket_n into_o which_o you_o last_o empty_v they_o carry_v they_o upon_o cole-stave_n or_o stang_v betwixt_o two_o man_n and_o have_v bring_v they_o careful_o into_o your_o apple-loft_n power_n they_o down_o gentle_o upon_o bed_n of_o fern_n or_o straw_n and_o lay_v they_o in_o reasonable_a large_a heap_n every_o sort_n of_o apple_n several_a by_o themselves_o without_o mixture_n or_o any_o confusion_n and_o for_o such_o apple_n as_o you_o will_v have_v to_o ripen_v soon_o you_o shall_v cover_v they_o all_o over_o with_o fern_n also_o but_o for_o such_o as_o you_o will_v have_v take_v all_o possible_a leisure_n in_o ripen_v those_o you_o shall_v say_v neither_o upon_o fern_n nor_o straw_n but_o upon_o the_o bare_a board_n nay_o if_o you_o lay_v they_o upon_o a_o plaster_n floor_n which_o be_v of_o all_o floare_v the_o cold_a till_o saint_n andrew_n tide_n it_o be_v not_o amiss_o but_o very_o profitable_a and_o the_o thin_a you_o
pullen-house_n for_o hen_n capon_n duck_n and_o goose_n your_o french_a kilne_n and_o malt_a flower_n with_o such_o like_a necessary_n and_o over_o cross_n betwixt_o both_o these_o side_n you_o shall_v build_v your_o bind_a hovel_n to_o carry_v your_o pease_n of_o good_a and_o sufficient_a timber_n under_o which_o you_o shall_v place_v when_o they_o be_v out_o of_o use_v your_o cartes_n wane_v tumbrel_n plough_n harrow_n and_o such_o like_a together_o with_o plough_n timber_n and_o axletrée_n all_o which_o will_v very_o careful_o be_v keep_v from_o wet_a which_o of_o all_o thing_n do_v soon_o rot_v and_o consume_v they_o and_o thus_o much_o of_o the_o husbandman_n house_n and_o the_o necessary_n there_o to_o belong_v chap._n iii_o of_o the_o several_a part_n and_o member_n of_o a_o ordinary_a plough_n and_o of_o the_o join_n of_o they_o together_o if_o a_o workman_n of_o any_o trade_n or_o mystery_n can_v give_v direction_n how_o and_o in_o what_o manner_n the_o tool_n where_o with_o he_o work_v shall_v be_v make_v or_o fashion_v doubtless_o he_o shall_v never_o work_v well_o with_o they_o nor_o know_v when_o they_o be_v in_o temper_n and_o when_o out_o and_o so_o it_o fare_v with_o the_o husbandman_n for_o if_o he_o know_v not_o how_o his_o plough_n shall_v be_v make_v nor_o the_o several_a member_n of_o which_o it_o consist_v with_o the_o virtue_n and_o use_n of_o every_o member_n it_o be_v impossible_a that_o ever_o he_o shall_v make_v a_o good_a furrow_n or_o turn_v over_o his_o ground_n in_o husbandly_a manner_n therefore_o that_o every_o husbandman_n may_v know_v how_o a_o well_o shape_a plough_n be_v make_v he_o shall_v understand_v that_o the_o first_o member_n thereof_o as_o be_v the_o strong_a and_o most_o princpal_a piece_n of_o timber_n belong_v to_o the_o same_o be_v call_v the_o ploughbeame_n be_v a_o large_a long_a piece_n of_o timber_n much_o bend_v according_a to_o the_o form_n of_o this_o figure_n this_o beam_n have_v no_o certain_a length_n nor_o thickness_n but_o be_v proportion_v according_a to_o the_o ground_n for_o if_o it_o be_v for_o a_o clay_n ground_n the_o length_n be_v almost_o seven_o foot_n if_o for_o any_o other_o mix_v or_o light_a earth_n than_o five_o or_o six_o foot_n be_v long_o enough_o the_o second_o member_n or_o part_n of_o the_o plough_n be_v call_v the_o skeath_n and_o be_v a_o piece_n of_o wood_n of_o two_o foot_n and_o a_o half_a in_o length_n and_o of_o eight_o inch_n in_o breadth_n and_o two_o inch_n in_o thickness_n it_o be_v drive_v extreme_o hard_a into_o the_o ploughbeame_n slopewise_o so_o that_o join_v they_o present_v this_o figure_n the_o three_o part_n be_v call_v the_o plough_n principal_a hale_v and_o do_v belong_v to_o the_o left_a hand_n be_v a_o long_o bend_v piece_n of_o wood_n some_o what_o strong_a in_o the_o midst_n and_o so_o slender_a at_o the_o upper_a end_n that_o a_o man_n may_v easy_o gripe_v it_o which_o be_v fix_v with_o the_o rest_n present_v this_o figure_n the_o four_o part_n be_v the_o plough_n head_n which_o must_v be_v fix_v with_o the_o skeath_n &_o the_o head_n all_o at_o one_o instant_a in_o two_o several_a mortisse_n hole_n it_o be_v a_o flat_a piece_n of_o timber_n almost_o three_o foot_n in_o length_n if_o it_o be_v for_o clay_n ground_n otherwise_o short_a of_o breadth_n seven_o inch_n and_o of_o thickness_n too_o inch_n and_o a_o half_a which_o be_v join_v to_o the_o rest_n present_v this_o figure_n the_o five_o part_n be_v the_o plough_n spindel_n which_o be_v two_o small_a round_a piece_n of_o wood_n which_o couple_v together_o the_o hale_v as_o in_o this_o figure_n the_o six_o part_n be_v the_o right_a hand_n hale_v through_o which_o the_o other_o end_n of_o the_o spindel_n run_v and_o be_v much_o slendere_a than_o the_o left_a hand_n hale_v for_o it_o be_v put_v to_o no_o force_n but_o be_v only_o a_o stay_n and_o aid_v to_o the_o plough_n houlder_n when_o he_o come_v in_o heavy_a stiff_a and_o strong_a work_n and_o be_v join_v with_o the_o rest_n present_v this_o figure_n the_o seven_o part_n be_v the_o plough-rest_n which_o be_v a_o small_a piece_n of_o wood_n which_o be_v fix_v at_o one_o end_n in_o the_o further_a nick_n of_o the_o plough_n head_n and_o the_o other_o end_n to_o the_o plough_n right-hand_a hale_v as_o you_o may_v see_v by_o this_o figure_n the_o eight_o part_n be_v call_v the_o shelboard_n and_o be_v a_o broad_a board_n of_o more_o than_o a_o inch_n thickness_n which_o cover_v all_o the_o right_a side_n of_o the_o plough_n and_o be_v fasten_v with_o two_o strong_a pin_n of_o wood_n through_o the_o skeath_n and_o the_o right-hand_a hale_v according_a to_o this_o figure_n the_o nine_o part_n be_v the_o coulture_n which_o be_v a_o long_a piece_n of_o iron_n make_v sharp_a at_o the_o nether_a end_n and_o also_o sharp_a on_o one_o side_n and_o be_v for_o a_o stiff_a clay_n it_o must_v be_v straight_o without_o bend_v which_o pass_v by_o a_o mortisse-hole_n through_o the_o beam_n and_o to_o this_o coulture_n belong_v a_o iron_n ring_n which_o wind_v about_o the_o beam_n and_o keep_v it_o in_o strength_n from_o break_v as_o may_v appear_v by_o this_o figure_n the_o ten_o part_n of_o a_o complete_a plough_n be_v the_o share_n which_o be_v fix_v to_o the_o plough_n head_n and_o be_v that_o which_o cut_v and_o turn_v up_o the_o earth_n if_o it_o be_v for_o a_o mix_a earth_n than_o it_o be_v make_v without_o a_o wing_n or_o with_o a_o very_a small_a one_o but_o if_o it_o be_v for_o a_o deep_a or_o stiff_a clay_n than_o it_o be_v make_v with_o a_o large_a wing_n or_o a_o outward_a point_n like_o the_o figure_n follow_v the_o eleaventh_o part_n of_o a_o perfect_a plough_n be_v call_v the_o plough_n foot_n and_o be_v through_o a_o mortisse-hole_n fasten_v at_o the_o far_a end_n of_o all_o the_o beam_n with_o a_o wedge_n or_o two_o so_o as_o the_o husbandman_n may_v at_o his_o discretion_n set_v it_o high_o or_o low_o at_o his_o pleasure_n the_o use_n of_o it_o be_v to_o give_v the_o plough_n earth_n or_o put_v it_o from_o the_o earth_n as_o you_o please_v for_o the_o more_o you_o drive_v it_o downward_o the_o more_o it_o raise_v the_o beam_n from_o the_o ground_n and_o make_v the_o iron_n forsake_v the_o earth_n and_o the_o more_o you_o drive_v it_o upward_o the_o more_o it_o let_v down_o the_o beam_n and_o so_o make_v the_o iron_n bite_v the_o sore_a the_o figure_n whereof_o be_v this_o thus_o have_v you_o all_o the_o part_n and_o member_n of_o a_o plough_n and_o how_o they_o be_v knit_v and_o join_v together_o wherein_o i_o will_v wish_v you_o to_o observe_v to_o make_v your_o plough-wright_n ever_o rather_o give_v your_o plough_n land_n then_o put_v she_o from_o the_o land_n that_o be_v rather_o lean_v towards_o the_o earth_n and_o bite_a sore_n than_o ever_o slip_v out_o of_o the_o ground_n for_o if_o it_o have_v two_o much_o earth_n the_o husbandman_n may_v help_v it_o in_o the_o hold_v but_o if_o it_o have_v too_o little_a then_o of_o necessity_n it_o must_v make_v foul_a work_n but_o for_o as_o much_o as_o the_o error_n and_o amends_o lie_v both_o in_o the_o office_n of_o the_o plough-wright_n i_o will_v not_o trouble_v the_o husbandman_n with_o the_o reformation_n thereof_o this_o akerstaffe_n the_o husbandman_n be_v ever_o to_o carry_v within_o his_o plough_n and_o when_o at_o any_o time_n the_o iron_n shelboard_n or_o plough_v be_v choke_v with_o dirt_n clay_n or_o filth_n which_o will_v cling_v about_o the_o old_a stubble_n then_o with_o this_o akerstaffe_n you_o shall_v put_v the_o same_o off_o your_o plough_n still_o go_v and_o so_o keep_v she_o clean_o and_o smooth_a that_o your_o work_n may_v lie_v the_o handsome_a and_o this_o you_o must_v ever_o do_v with_o your_o right_a hand_n for_o the_o plough_n choke_v ever_o on_o the_o shelboard_n side_n and_o between_o the_o iron_n and_o thus_o much_o tonch_v the_o perfect_a plough_n and_o the_o member_n thereof_o chap._n four_o how_o the_o husbandman_n shall_v temper_v his_o plough_n and_o make_v her_o fit_a for_o his_o work_n a_o plough_n be_v to_o a_o husbandman_n like_o a_o instrument_n in_o the_o hand_n of_o a_o musician_n which_o if_o it_o be_v out_o of_o tune_n can_v never_o make_v good_a music_n and_o so_o if_o the_o plough_n be_v out_o of_o order_n if_o the_o husbandman_n have_v not_o the_o cunning_a to_o temper_v it_o and_o set_v it_o in_o the_o right_a way_n it_o be_v impossible_a that_o ever_o his_o labour_n shall_v come_v to_o good_a end_n it_o be_v very_o necessary_a then_o that_o every_o good_a husbandman_n know_v that_o a_o plough_n be_v perfect_o well_o make_v the_o good_a order_n or_o disorder_n thereof_o consist_v in_o the_o place_n of_o
pease_n do_v manure_v barren_a ground_n well_o your_o lentles_a better_a and_o your_o lupin_n the_o best_a of_o all_o now_o for_o the_o nature_n and_o use_n of_o these_o grain_n the_o pease_n as_o all_o husbandman_n know_v be_v both_o good_a for_o the_o use_n of_o man_n in_o his_o bread_n as_o be_v use_v in_o leicester_n shire_n lincolnshire_n nottinghamshire_n and_o many_o other_o country_n and_o also_o for_o horse_n in_o their_o provender_n as_o be_v use_v general_o over_o all_o england_n for_o lentles_a or_o white_a ftche_n or_o the_o lupin_n which_o be_v red_a fitche_n they_o be_v both_o indifferent_a good_a in_o bread_n for_o man_n especial_o if_o the_o meal_n be_v well_o scald_v before_o it_o be_v knodden_v for_o otherwise_o the_o savour_n be_v exceed_a rank_n or_o else_o they_o be_v a_o very_a good_a food_n be_v sod_v in_o the_o manner_n of_o leap●-pease_n especial_o at_o sea_n in_o long_a journey_n where_o fresh_a meat_n be_v most_o exceed_o scarce_o so_o that_o rather_o than_o your_o land_n shall_v lie_v idle_a and_o bring_v forth_o no_o profit_n i_o conclude_v it_o best_o to_o sow_v these_o pulse_n which_o both_o bring_v forth_o commodity_n and_o also_o out_o of_o their_o own_o nature_n do_v manure_v and_o enrich_v your_o ground_n make_v it_o more_o apt_a and_o fit_a to_o receive_v much_o better_a seed_n for_o the_o manner_n of_o sow_v these_o three_o sort_n of_o pulse_n you_o shall_v sow_v they_o ever_o under_o furrow_n in_o such_o sort_n as_o be_v describe_v for_o the_o sow_v of_o pease_n and_o beanes_n upon_o the_o white_a or_o gray_a clay_n which_o be_v of_o indifferent_a dryness_n and_o apt_a to_o break_v now_o the_o limitation_n for_o this_o ardour_n or_o ●éede_n time_n manure_v be_v from_o the_o midst_n of_o march_n till_o the_o midst_n of_o april_n then_o from_o the_o midst_n of_o april_n till_o the_o midst_n of_o may_n you_o shall_v make_v your_o especial_a work_n to_o be_v only_o the_o lead_n forth_o of_o your_o manure_n to_o that_o field_n which_o you_o do_v fallow_a or_o lay_v tilth_n that_o present_a year_n immediate_o after_o christmas_n and_o of_o which_o i_o first_o speak_v in_o this_o chapter_n and_o herein_o be_v to_o be_v understand_v that_o the_o best_a and_o princpal_a manure_n for_o this_o redde-sand_n be_v the_o oulde_v manure_v of_o beast_n which_o can_v beget_v which_o you_o shall_v know_v by_o the_o exceed_a blackness_n and_o rottenness_n thereof_o be_v in_o the_o cut_n both_o soft_a and_o smooth_a all_o of_o one_o substance_n as_o if_o it_o be_v well_o compact_a mortar_n without_o any_o show_n of_o straw_n or_o other_o stuff_n which_o be_v unrot_v for_o this_o dung_n be_v of_o all_o the_o fat_a and_o cool_v and_o do_v best_a agree_v with_o the_o nature_n of_o this_o hot_a sand_n next_o to_o the_o dung_n of_o beast_n be_v the_o dung_n of_o horse_n if_o it_o be_v old_a also_o otherwise_o it_o be_v somewhat_o of_o the_o hot_a the_o rubbish_n of_o old_a house_n or_o the_o swéeping_n of_o flower_n or_o the_o scowr_v of_o old_a fishpond_n or_o other_o stand_a water_n where_o beast_n and_o horse_n be_v use_v to_o drink_v or_o be_v wash_v or_o whereunto_o the_o water_n and_o moisture_n of_o dunghill_n have_v recourse_n be_v all_o good_a manure_n for_o this_o redde-sand_n as_o for_o the_o manure_n of_o sheep_n upon_o this_o redde-sand_n it_o be_v the_o best_a of_o all_o in_o such_o place_n as_o you_o mean_v to_o sow_v rye_n but_o not_o full_o so_o good_a where_o you_o do_v intend_v to_o sow_v your_o barley_n if_o it_o be_v a_o cold_a moist_a redde-sand_n which_o be_v seldom_o find_v but_o in_o some_o particular_a low_a country_n than_o it_o do_v not_o amiss_o to_o manure_v it_o most_o with_o sheep_n or_o else_o with_o chalk_n lime_n or_o ash_n of_o which_o you_o can_v get_v the_o great_a plenty_n if_o this_o soil_n be_v subject_a to_o much_o weed_n and_o quick_v as_o general_o it_o be_v then_o after_o you_o have_v tear_v up_o the_o weed_n and_o quick_v with_o harrow_n you_o shall_v with_o rake_n rake_v they_o together_o and_o lay_v they_o in_o heap_n upon_o the_o land_n you_o shall_v burn_v they_o and_o then_o spread_v the_o ash_n they_o will_v be_v a_o very_a good_a manure_n and_o in_o short_a space_n destroy_v the_o weed_n also_o likewise_o if_o your_o land_n be_v much_o overgrow_v with_o weed_n if_o when_o you_o shear_v your_o rye_n you_o leave_v a_o good_a long_a stubble_n and_o then_o mow_v the_o stubble_n burn_v it_o upon_o the_o land_n it_o be_v both_o a_o good_a manure_n and_o also_o a_o good_a mean_n to_o destroy_v the_o weed_n barley_n after_o your_o manure_n be_v lead_v forth_o and_o either_o spread_v upon_o the_o land_n or_o set_v in_o great_a heap_n so_o as_o the_o land_n may_v be_v cover_v over_o with_o manure_v for_o it_o be_v to_o be_v observe_v that_o this_o soil_n must_v be_v thorough_o manure_v then_o about_o the_o midst_n of_o may_n which_o be_v the_o time_n when_o this_o work_n shall_v be_v finish_v you_o shall_v repair_v with_o your_o plough_n into_o the_o other_o fallow_a field_n which_o be_v prepare_v the_o year_n before_o for_o this_o year_n barley_n &_o there_o you_o shall_v sow_v it_o all_o over_o with_o barley_n above_o furrow_n that_o be_v to_o say_v you_o shall_v first_o plough_v it_o then_o sow_v it_o and_o after_o harrow_v it_o make_v the_o mould_n as_o fine_a and_o smooth_a as_o may_v be_v which_o be_v do_v with_o easy_a labour_n because_o this_o sand_n of_o it_o own_o nature_n be_v as_o fine_a as_o ash_n now_o the_o limitation_n for_o this_o seed_n time_n be_v from_o the_o midst_n of_o may_n till_o the_o midst_n of_o june_n wherein_o if_o any_o man_n demand_v why_o it_o shall_v not_o be_v sow_v in_o march_n and_o april_n according_a as_o it_o be_v sow_v in_o the_o former_a soil_n i_o answer_v that_o first_o this_o redde-sand_n can_v be_v prepare_v or_o receive_v his_o full_a season_n in_o weather_n and_o earing_n before_o this_o time_n of_o the_o year_n and_o next_o that_o these_o redde-sand_n by_o how_o much_o they_o be_v hot_a and_o dry_a than_o the_o other_o clay_v by_o so_o much_o they_o may_v well_o stay_v the_o long_a before_o they_o receive_v their_o seed_n because_o that_o so_o much_o the_o soon_o the_o seed_n do_v sprout_v in_o they_o &_o also_o the_o soon_o ripen_v be_v keep_v warm_a at_o the_o root_n then_o in_o any_o can_v soil_n whatsoever_o as_o soon_o as_o the_o midst_n of_o june_n approach_v summer-stirring_a you_o shall_v then_o begin_v to_o summer-stirre_a your_o fallow_a field_n and_o to_o turn_v your_o manure_n into_o your_o land_n in_o such_o sort_n as_o you_o do_v upon_o your_o clay_n soil_v for_o this_o ardour_n of_o summer-stirring_a alter_v in_o no_o soil_n and_o this_o must_v be_v do_v from_o the_o midst_n of_o june_n till_o the_o midst_n of_o july_n for_o as_o touch_v slight_v slight_v clot_v or_o smooth_v of_o this_o barley_n field_n it_o be_v seldom_o in_o use_n because_o the_o fineness_n of_o the_o sand_n will_v lay_v the_o land_n smooth_a enough_o without_o slight_v yet_o if_o you_o find_v that_o any_o particular_a land_n lie_v more_o rough_a than_o the_o rest_n it_o shall_v not_o be_v amiss_o if_o with_o your_o back_n harrow_n you_o smooth_v it_o a_o little_a within_o a_o day_n or_o two_o after_o it_o be_v sow_v from_o the_o midst_n of_o july_n until_o the_o midst_n of_o august_n foil_v you_o shall_v foil_v and_o throw_v down_o your_o fallow_a field_n again_o if_o your_o land_n lie_v well_o and_o in_o good_a order_n but_o if_o any_o of_o your_o land_n do_v lie_v in_o the_o danger_n of_o water_n or_o by_o use_n of_o plough_v be_v grow_v too_o flat_a both_o which_o be_v hindrance_n to_o the_o growth_n of_o corn_n then_o when_o you_o foil_v your_o land_n you_o shall_v plough_v they_o upward_o and_o so_o by_o that_o mean_n raise_v the_o ridge_n one_o furrow_n high_o rye_n after_o you_o have_v foil_v your_o land_n which_o must_v be_v about_o the_o midst_n of_o august_n then_o will_v your_o barley_n be_v ready_a to_o mow_v for_o these_o hot_a soil_n have_v ever_o a_o early_a harvest_n which_o as_o soon_o as_o it_o be_v mow_v and_o carry_v into_o the_o barn_n forthwith_o you_o shall_v with_o all_o expedition_n carry_v forth_o such_o manure_n as_o you_o may_v convenient_o spare_v and_o lay_v it_o upon_o that_o land_n from_o whence_o you_o receive_v your_o barley_n which_o be_v most_o barren_a and_o if_o you_o want_v cart_n manure_v you_o shall_v then_o lay_v your_o fold_n of_o séepe_n thereupon_o and_o as_o soon_o as_o it_o be_v manure_v you_o shall_v immediate_o plough_v both_o it_o &_o the_o rest_n which_o ardour_n shall_v be_v finish_v by_o the_o midst_n of_o september_n and_o so_o suffer_v to_o rest_n until_o
touch_v other_o mixture_n of_o ground_n they_o be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n so_o barren_a that_o they_o will_v but_o hardly_o bring_v forth_o wheat_n upon_o their_o fallow_a field_n and_o then_o much_o worse_o upon_o a_o four_o field_n now_o for_o any_o other_o particular_a choice_n of_o these_o two_o seed_n they_o be_v the_o same_o which_o i_o show_v in_o the_o whole_a straw_n and_o great_a pollard_n as_o for_o the_o flaxen_a wheat_n and_o chilter_n wheat_n the_o first_o be_v a_o very_a white_a wheat_n both_o inward_a and_o outward_a the_o other_o a_o pale_a red_a or_o deep_a yellow_a they_o be_v the_o least_o of_o all_o sort_n of_o wheat_n yet_o of_o much_o more_o hardness_n and_o toughness_n in_o sprout_v then_o either_o the_o organ_n or_o white_a pollard_n and_o therefore_o desire_v somewhat_o a_o more_o rich_a soil_n and_o to_o that_o end_n they_o be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n sow_v upon_o fallow_a field_n in_o mix_a earth_n of_o what_o nature_n or_o barrainenesse_n soever_o as_o be_v to_o be_v see_v most_o general_o over_o all_o the_o south_n part_n of_o this_o realm_n and_o although_o uncompounded_a sand_n out_o of_o their_o own_o nature_n do_v hardly_o bring_v forth_o any_o wheat_n yet_o upon_o some_o of_o the_o best_a sand_n and_o upon_o the_o flinty_a gravel_n i_o have_v see_v these_o two_o wheat_n grow_v in_o good_a abundance_n but_o be_v seldom_o it_o be_v not_o so_o much_o to_o be_v respect_v after_o your_o wheat_n you_o shall_v make_v choice_n of_o your_o rye_n rye_n of_o which_o there_o be_v not_o diverse_a kind_n although_o it_o carry_v diverse_a complexion_n as_o some_o blackish_a brown_a great_a full_a and_o long_o as_o that_o which_o for_o the_o most_o part_n grow_v upon_o the_o red_a sand_n or_o red_a clay_n which_o be_v three_o part_n red_a sand_n mix_v with_o black_a clay_n and_o be_v the_o best_a rye_n the_o other_o a_o pale_a gray_a rye_n short_a small_a and_o hungry_a as_o that_o which_o grow_v upon_o the_o white_a sand_n or_o white_a clay_n and_o white_a sand_n and_o be_v the_o worst_a rye_n now_o you_o shall_v understand_v that_o your_o sand_n ground_n be_v your_o only_a natural_a ground_n for_o rye_n as_o be_v indeed_o not_o principal_o apt_a for_o any_o other_o grain_n therefore_o when_o you_o choose_v your_o rye_n for_o seed_n you_o shall_v choose_v that_o which_o be_v brown_a full_a bold_a and_o long_a you_o shall_v have_v great_a care_n that_o it_o be_v free_a from_o weed_n or_o filth_n since_o your_o sand_n ground_n out_o of_o their_o own_o natural_a heat_n do_v put_v forth_o such_o store_n of_o naughty_a weed_n that_o except_o a_o man_n be_v extraordinary_o careful_a both_o in_o the_o choice_n and_o dress_n of_o his_o rye_n he_o may_v easy_o be_v deceive_v and_o poison_v his_o ground_n with_o those_o weed_n which_o with_o great_a difficulty_n be_v after_o root_v out_o again_o now_o for_o your_o seed_n to_o each_o soil_n it_o be_v ever_o best_a to_o ●ow_o your_o best_a sundry_n upon_o your_o best_a clay_n ground_n and_o your_o best_a clay-rie_n upon_o your_o best_a sand_n ground_n observe_v ever_o this_o general_a principle_n not_o only_o in_o rye_n but_o even_o in_o wheat_n barley_n pease_n and_o other_o grain_n of_o account_n that_o be_v ever_o once_o in_o three_o year_n to_o change_v all_o your_o seed_n which_o you_o shall_v find_v both_o to_o augment_v your_o increase_n and_o to_o return_v you_o double_a profit_n seede-bar_o now_o for_o the_o choice_n of_o your_o séede-bar_o you_o shall_v understand_v that_o for_o as_o much_o as_o it_o be_v a_o grain_n of_o the_o great_a use_n &_o most_o tenderness_n therefore_o there_o be_v the_o great_a diligence_n to_o be_v use_v in_o the_o election_n thereof_o know_v then_o that_o of_o barley_n there_o be_v diverse_a sort_n as_o namely_o that_o which_o we_o call_v our_o common_a barley_n be_v long_a ear_n with_o two_o rank_n of_o corn_n narrow_a close_a and_o upright_o another_o call_v spike_n or_o batteldore-bar_o be_v a_o large_a ear_n with_o two_o rank_n of_o corn_n broad_a flat_a and_o in_o fashion_n of_o a_o batteldore_n and_o the_o three_o call_v beane-bar_o or_o barley_n big_a be_v a_o large_a fouresquare_a ear_n like_v unto_o a_o ear_n of_o wheat_n of_o these_o three_o barlyes_n the_o ●irst_n be_v most_o in_o use_n as_o be_v most_o apt_a and_o proper_a to_o every_o soil_n whether_o it_o be_v fruitful_a or_o barren_a in_o this_o our_o kingdom_n but_o they_o have_v all_o one_o shape_n colour_n and_o form_n except_o the_o soil_n alter_v they_o only_o the_o spike-bar_o be_v most_o large_a and_o plentiful_a the_o common_a barley_n hard_a and_o apt_a to_o grow_v and_o the_o beane-bar_o least_o pale_a &_o tender_a so_o that_o with_o we_o it_o be_v more_o common_o see_v in_o garden_n then_o in_o field_n although_o in_o other_o country_n as_o in_o france_n ireland_n and_o such_o like_a they_o sow_v no_o other_o barley_n at_o all_o but_o with_o we_o it_o be_v of_o no_o such_o general_a estimation_n and_o therefore_o i_o will_v neither_o give_v it_o precedency_n nor_o speak_v of_o it_o otherwise_o then_o to_o refer_v it_o to_o the_o discreation_n of_o he_o who_o take_v delight_n in_o many_o practice_n but_o for_o the_o common_a barley_n or_o spike-bar_o which_o our_o experience_n find_v to_o be_v excellent_a and_o of_o great_a use_n i_o will_v knit_v they_o in_o one_o and_o write_v my_o full_a opinion_n of_o they_o for_o their_o choice_n in_o our_o seed_n you_o shall_v know_v then_o that_o when_o you_o go_v into_o the_o market_n to_o choose_v barley_n for_o your_o seed_n you_o shall_v to_o your_o best_a power_n elect_v that_o which_o be_v white_a pulle_v and_o round_a be_v as_o the_o ploughman_n call_v it_o a_o full_a hunt_a corn_n like_o the_o nebbe_n or_o beak_n of_o a_o bunting_n you_o shall_v observe_v that_o it_o be_v all_o of_o one_o corn_n and_o not_o mingle_v that_o be_v clay_n barley_n and_o sand_n barley_n together_o which_o you_o shall_v distinguish_v by_o these_o difference_n the_o clay_n barley_n be_v of_o a_o palish_a white_a yellow_a colour_n smooth_a full_a large_a and_o round_o and_o the_o sand_n barley_n be_v of_o a_o deep_a yellow_a brown_a at_o the_o nether_a end_n long_o slender_a and_o as_o it_o be_v wither_a and_o in_o general_n no_o sand_n barley_n be_v principal_a good_a for_o seed_n but_o if_o the_o barley_n be_v somewhat_o of_o a_o high_a colour_n and_o brown_a at_o the_o nether_a end_n yet_o notwithstanding_o be_v very_o full_a bold_a and_o big_a than_o it_o be_v a_o sign_n that_o such_o barley_n come_v not_o from_o the_o sand_n but_o rather_o from_o a_o over_o fat_a soil_n since_o the_o fatness_n of_o the_o earth_n do_v ever_o alter_v the_o complexion_n of_o the_o barley_n for_o the_o white_a barley_n ever_o the_o lean_a soil_n and_o better_a seed_n you_o shall_v also_o observe_v that_o there_o be_v not_o in_o it_o any_o light_a corn_n which_o be_v a_o kind_n of_o hungry_a grain_n without_o substance_n which_o although_o it_o fill_v the_o séeds-mans_n hand_n yet_o it_o deceive_v the_o ground_n and_o this_o light_a corn_n will_v common_o be_v among_o the_o best_a barley_n for_o where_o the_o ground_n be_v so_o rich_a that_o it_o bring_v forth_o the_o barley_n too_o ranke_o there_o the_o corn_n want_v power_n to_o stand_v upon_o root_n fall_v to_o the_o ground_n and_o so_o rob_v of_o kind_o ripen_v bring_v forth_o much_o light_n and_o insufficient_a grain_n next_o this_o you_o shall_v take_v care_n that_o in_o your_o séede-bar_o there_o be_v not_o any_o oat_n for_o although_o they_o be_v in_o this_o case_n among_o husbandman_n account_v the_o best_a of_o weed_n yet_o be_v they_o such_o a_o disgrace_n that_o every_o good_a husband_n will_v most_o diligent_o eschew_v they_o and_o for_o that_o cause_n only_o will_v our_o most_o industrious_a husband_n bestow_v the_o tedious_a labour_n of_o glean_v their_o barley_n ear_n by_o ear_n by_o which_o glean_n in_o a_o year_n or_o two_o they_o will_v compass_v their_o whole_a seed_n which_o must_v infallible_o be_v without_o either_o oat_n or_o any_o weed_n whatsoever_o and_o although_o some_o ground_n especial_o your_o rich_a black_a caly_n will_v out_o of_o the_o abundance_n of_o their_o fruitfulness_n as_o not_o endure_v to_o be_v idle_a bring_v forth_o natural_o a_o certain_a kind_n of_o wild_a oat_n which_o make_v some_o ignorant_a husband_n less_o careful_a of_o their_o seed_n as_o suppose_v that_o those_o wild_a one_o be_v a_o poison_n to_o their_o grain_n but_o they_o be_v infinet_o deceive_v for_o such_o wild_a oat_n wheresoever_o they_o be_v do_v shake_v and_o fall_v away_o long_o before_o the_o barley_n be_v ready_a so_o that_o the_o husbandman_n do_v carry_v of_o they_o nothing_o into_o the_o barn_n but_o the_o straw_n only_o next_o oates_n you_o
set_v it_o up_o in_o shock_n each_o shocke_n contain_v at_o least_o seven_o sheaf_n in_o this_o manner_n first_o you_o shall_v place_v four_o sheaf_n upright_o close_a together_o and_o the_o ear_n upward_o than_o you_o shall_v take_v other_o three_o sheaf_n and_o open_v they_o and_o turn_v the_o ear_n downward_o cover_v the_o other_o four_o sheaf_n that_o stand_v upward_o and_o so_o let_v they_o stand_v until_o you_o may_v with_o good_a conveniency_n lead_v they_o home_o which_o will_v be_v do_v without_o any_o protraction_n next_o after_o your_o clean_a rye_n you_o shall_v in_o the_o selfsame_o sort_n reap_v your_o blend-corne_n or_o masline_n masline_n and_o albeit_o your_o wheat_n will_v not_o be_v full_o so_o ripe_a as_o your_o rye_n yet_o you_o shall_v not_o stay_v your_o labour_n be_v well_o assure_v that_o your_o rye_n be_v ready_a because_o wheat_n will_v harden_v of_o itself_o after_o it_o be_v shear_v wheat_n with_o lie_v only_o after_o you_o have_v get_v in_o your_o rye_n and_o blend-corne_n you_o shall_v then_o look_v unto_o your_o clean_a wheat_n and_o take_v hear_v and_o there_o a_o ear_n thereof_o rub_v they_o in_o your_o hand_n and_o if_o you_o find_v that_o the_o corn_n have_v all_o perfection_n save_o a_o little_a harden_v only_o you_o shall_v then_o forthwith_o set_v your_o reaper_n unto_o it_o who_o shall_v shear_v it_o in_o all_o thing_n as_o they_o do_v shear_v your_o rye_n only_o they_o shall_v not_o put_v it_o in_o shock_n for_o a_o day_n or_o more_o but_o let_v the_o sheaf_n lie_v single_a that_o the_o wind_n and_o sun_n may_v both_o wither_v the_o gréene_n and_o harden_v the_o corn_n which_o do_v you_o shall_v put_v the_o sheaf_n into_o great_a shock_n that_o be_v to_o say_v at_o least_o twelve_o or_o fouretéene_v sheaf_n in_o a_o shocke_n the_o one_o half_a stand_v close_o together_o with_o the_o ear_n upward_o the_o other_o half_o lie_a cross_n overthwart_o those_o ear_n and_o their_o ear_n downward_o and_o in_o this_o sort_n you_o shall_v let_v your_o wheat_n stand_v for_o at_o least_o two_o day_n before_o you_o lead_v it_o now_o it_o be_v a_o custom_n in_o many_o country_n of_o this_o kingdom_n not_o to_o shear_v their_o wheat_n but_o to_o mow_v it_o but_o in_o my_o conceit_n and_o in_o general_a experience_n it_o be_v not_o so_o good_a for_o it_o both_o make_v the_o wheat_n foul_a and_o full_a of_o weed_n and_o fill_v up_o a_o great_a place_n with_o little_a commodity_n as_o for_o the_o use_n of_o thack_v which_o be_v the_o only_a reason_n of_o such_o disorderly_a cut_n there_o be_v neither_o the_o straw_n that_o be_v shear_v nor_o the_o stubble_n which_o be_v leave_v behind_o but_o be_v both_o of_o sufficiency_n enough_o for_o such_o a_o employment_n if_o it_o pass_v through_o the_o hand_n of_o a_o workman_n as_o we_o see_v in_o daily_a experience_n next_o to_o your_o wheat_n you_o shall_v have_v regard_n to_o your_o barley_n barley_n for_o it_o sudden_o ripen_v and_o must_v be_v cut_v down_o assoon_o as_o you_o perceive_v the_o straw_n be_v turn_v white_a to_o the_o bottom_n and_o the_o ear_n bend_v down_o to_o the_o ground-ward_n your_o barley_n you_o shall_v not_o shear_v although_o it_o be_v a_o fashion_n in_o some_o country_n both_o because_o it_o be_v painful_a and_o profitless_a but_o you_o shall_v mowe_n it_o close_v to_o the_o ground_n and_o although_o in_o general_a it_o be_v the_o custom_n of_o our_o kingdom_n after_o your_o barley_n be_v mow_v and_o have_v line_n a_o day_n or_o two_o in_o swath_n then_o with_o rack_n to_o rack_n it_o together_o and_o make_v it_o into_o great_a cock_n and_o so_o to_o lead_v it_o to_o the_o barn_n yet_o i_o be_o of_o this_o opinion_n that_o if_o your_o barley_n be_v good_a and_o clean_a without_o thistle_n or_o weed_n that_o if_o then_o to_o every_o sitheman_n or_o mower_n you_o allot_v two_o follower_n that_o be_v to_o say_v a_o gatherer_n who_o with_o a_o little_a short_a rake_n and_o a_o small_a hook_n shall_v gather_v the_o corn_n together_o and_o a_o binder_n who_o shall_v make_v band_n and_o bind_v up_o the_o barley_n in_o small_a sheaf_n that_o questionless_a you_o shall_v find_v much_o more_o profit_n thereby_o and_o although_o some_o think_v the_o labour_n troublesome_a and_o great_a yet_o for_o my_o own_o part_n i_o have_v see_v very_o great_a crop_n in_v in_o this_o manner_n and_o have_v see_v two_o woman_n that_o with_o great_a ease_n have_v follow_v and_o bind_v after_o a_o most_o principal_a mower_n which_o make_v i_o understand_v that_o the_o toil_n be_v not_o so_o great_a as_o my_o imagination_n and_o the_o profit_n tenfold_o great_a than_o the_o labour_n but_o if_o your_o corn_n be_v ill_o husband_v and_o full_a of_o thistle_n weed_n and_o all_o filthiness_n than_o this_o practice_n be_v to_o be_v spare_v and_o the_o loose_a cock_n up_o of_o your_o corn_n be_v much_o better_a assoon_o as_o you_o have_v cleanse_v any_o land_n of_o barley_n you_o shall_v then_o immediate_o cause_v one_o with_o a_o great_a long_o rake_v of_o at_o least_o thirty_o tooth_n be_v in_o a_o sling_n bind_v bauticke-wise_a across_o his_o body_n to_o draw_v it_o from_o one_o end_n of_o the_o land_n to_o the_o other_o all_o over_o the_o land_n that_o he_o may_v thereby_o gather_v up_o all_o the_o loose_a corn_n which_o be_v scatter_v and_o carry_v it_o where_o your_o other_o corn_n stand_v observe_v ever_o as_o your_o chief_a rule_n that_o by_o no_o mean_n you_o neither_o lead_v barley_n nor_o any_o other_o grain_n whatsoever_o when_o it_o be_v wet_a no_o although_o it_o be_v but_o moisten_v with_o the_o dew_n only_o for_o the_o least_o dankishnesse_n more_o than_o the_o sweat_n which_o it_o natural_o take_v will_v soon_o cause_v it_o to_o putrific_a now_o for_o the_o gather_n in_o of_o your_o oat_n oat_n they_o be_v a_o grain_n of_o such_o incertainty_n ripen_v ever_o according_a to_o the_o weather_n &_o not_o after_o any_o settle_a or_o natural_a course_n that_o you_o be_v to_o look_v to_o no_o constant_a season_n but_o to_o take_v they_o upon_o the_o first_o show_n of_o ripeness_n and_o that_o with_o such_o diligence_n that_o you_o must_v rather_o take_v they_o before_o then_o after_o they_o be_v ripe_a because_o if_o they_o tarry_v but_o half_a a_o day_n too_o long_o they_o will_v shed_v upon_o the_o ground_n &_o you_o shall_v loose_v your_o whole_a profit_n the_o time_n than_o fit_a to_o cut_v your_o oat_n be_v assoon_o as_o they_o be_v somewhat_o more_o than_o half_o change_v but_o not_o altogether_o change_v that_o be_v when_o they_o be_v more_o than_o two_o part_n white_a and_o yet_o the_o green_n not_o utter_o extinguish_v the_o best_a cut_v of_o they_o be_v to_o mow_v they_o albeit_o i_o have_v see_v they_o shear_v in_o some_o place_n &_o be_v mow_v to_o let_v they_o dry_a and_o ripen_v in_o the_o swath_n as_o natural_o they_o will_v do_v and_o then_o if_o you_o bind_v they_o up_o in_o sheaf_n as_o you_o shall_v bind_v your_o barley_n it_o be_v best_o for_o to_o carry_v they_o in_o the_o loose_a cock_n as_o many_o do_v be_v great_a loss_n and_o hindrance_n of_o profit_n pulse_n after_o you_o have_v get_v in_o your_o white_a corn_n you_o shall_v then_o look_v unto_o your_o pulse_n as_o bean_n pease_n fitche_n and_o such_o like_a which_o you_o shall_v know_v to_o be_v ready_a by_o the_o blackness_n of_o the_o straw_n for_o it_o be_v a_o rule_n whensoever_o the_o straw_n turn_v the_o pulse_n be_v ripe_a if_o then_o it_o be_v clean_a bean_n or_o bean_n and_o pease_n mix_v you_o shall_v mow_v they_o and_o be_v clean_a bean_n rake_v they_o into_o heap_n and_o so_o make_v they_o up_o into_o cock_n but_o if_o they_o be_v mix_v you_o shall_v with_o hook_n foul_v the_o bean_n into_o the_o pease_n and_o make_v little_a round_o reap_v thereof_o which_o after_o they_o have_v be_v turn_v and_o dry_v you_o may_v put_v twenty_o reap_v together_o and_o thereof_o make_v a_o cock_n and_o so_o lead_v they_o and_o stack_n they_o but_o if_o they_o be_v clean_a pease_n or_o pease_n and_o fitche_n than_o you_o shall_v not_o mow_v they_o but_o with_o long_a hook_n cut_v they_o from_o the_o ground_n which_o be_v call_v reap_v and_o so_o fold_v they_o together_o into_o small_a reap_v as_o you_o do_v your_o pease_n and_o beanes_n let_v they_o be_v turn_v and_o dry_v and_o so_o cock_v and_o carry_v either_o to_o the_o barn_n stack_n or_o hovel_n now_o have_v thus_o bring_v in_o and_o finish_v your_o harvest_n you_o shall_v then_o immediate_o mow_v up_o the_o stubble_n both_o of_o your_o wheat_n rye_n and_o masline_n and_o with_o all_o expedition_n therewith_o thank_v and_o cover_v from_o rain_n and_o weather_n all_o such_o grain_n as_o for_o want_v of_o
and_o then_o take_v a_o clean_a broom_n that_o have_v not_o former_o be_v sweep_v withal_o you_o shall_v brush_v all_o uncleanness_n from_o the_o grass_n and_o then_o you_o shall_v behold_v your_o knot_n as_o complete_a and_o as_o comely_a as_o if_o it_o have_v be_v set_v with_o herb_n many_o year_n before_o now_o for_o the_o portraiture_n of_o any_o live_a thing_n you_o shall_v cut_v it_o forth_o join_v sod_a unto_o sod_a and_o then_o afterward_o place_v it_o into_o the_o earth_n now_o if_o within_o this_o plot_n of_o ground_n which_o you_o make_v your_o garden_n piece_n there_o be_v either_o natural_a or_o artificial_a mount_n or_o bank_n upon_o they_o you_o may_v in_o this_o selfsame_o manner_n with_o green_a sod_n set_v forth_o a_o flight_n either_o at_o field_n or_o river_n or_o the_o manner_n of_o hunt_v of_o any_o chase_n or_o any_o story_n or_o other_o devise_n that_o you_o please_v to_o the_o infinite_a admiration_n of_o all_o they_o which_o shall_v behold_v it_o only_o in_o work_v against_o mount_n or_o bank_n you_o must_v observe_v to_o have_v many_o small_a pin_n to_o stay_v your_o work_n and_o keep_v your_o sod_n from_o slip_v one_o from_o another_o till_o such_o time_n as_o you_o have_v make_v every_o thing_n fast_o with_o earth_n which_o you_o must_v rame_v very_o close_a and_o hard_o as_o for_o flower_n or_o such_o like_a adorment_n you_o may_v the_o morning_n before_o remove_v they_o with_o their_o earth_n from_o some_o other_o garden_n and_o plant_v they_o at_o your_o best_a pleasure_n and_o thus_o much_o for_o a_o garden_n to_o be_v make_v in_o the_o time_n of_o hasty_a necessity_n chap._n xix_o how_o to_o preserve_v apricot_n or_o any_o kind_n of_o curious_a outlandish-stone-fruit_n and_o make_v they_o bear_v plentiful_o be_v the_o spring_n or_o beginning_n of_o summer_n never_o so_o bitter_a i_o have_v know_v diverse_a nobleman_n gentleman_n &_o man_n of_o under_o quality_n that_o have_v be_v most_o laborious_a how_o to_o preserve_v these_o tender_a stonefruit_n from_o the_o violence_n of_o storm_n frost_n and_o wind_n and_o to_o that_o end_n have_v be_v at_o great_a cost_n and_o charge_n yet_o many_o time_n have_v find_v much_o loss_n in_o their_o labour_n wherefore_o in_o the_o end_n through_o the_o practice_n of_o many_o experiment_n this_o have_v be_v find_v which_o i_o will_v here_o set_v down_o the_o most_o approve_v way_n to_o make_v they_o bear_v without_o all_o kind_n of_o danger_n after_o you_o have_v plant_v your_o abricot_n or_o other_o delicate_a fruit_n and_o plash_v he_o up_o against_o a_o wall_n in_o manner_n as_o have_v be_v before_o declare_v you_o shall_v over_o the_o top_n of_o the_o tree_n all_o along_o the_o wall_n build_v a_o large_a pentisse_n of_o at_o least_o six_o or_o seven_o foot_n in_o length_n which_o pentisse_n overshaddowing_a the_o tree_n will_n as_o experience_n have_v find_v out_o so_o defend_v they_o that_o they_o will_v ever_o bear_v in_o as_o plentiful_a manner_n as_o they_o have_v do_v any_o particular_a year_n before_o there_o be_v many_o that_o will_v scoff_n or_o at_o least_o give_v no_o credit_n to_o this_o experiment_n because_o it_o carry_v with_o it_o no_o more_o curiosity_n but_o i_o can_v assure_v thou_o that_o be_v the_o honest_a english_a husbandman_n that_o there_o be_v nothing_o more_o certain_a and_o unfallible_a for_o i_o have_v see_v in_o one_o of_o the_o great_a nobleman_n garden_n in_o the_o kingdom_n where_o such_o a_o pentisse_n be_v make_v that_o so_o far_o as_o the_o pentisse_n go_v so_o far_o the_o tree_n do_v prosper_v with_o all_o fruitfulness_n and_o where_o the_o pentisse_n end_v not_o one_o tree_n bare_a the_o spring-time_n be_v most_o bitter_a and_o wonderful_a unseasonable_a now_o i_o have_v see_v some_o great_a personage_n who_o purse_n may_v buy_v their_o pleasure_n at_o any_o rate_n which_o have_v in_o those_o pentiss_n fix_v diverse_a strong_a hook_n of_o iron_n and_o then_o make_v a_o canvas_n of_o the_o best_a poldavie_a with_o most_o strong_a loop_n of_o small_a cord_n which_o be_v hang_v upon_o the_o iron_n hook_n have_v reach_v from_o the_o pentisse_n to_o the_o ground_n and_o so_o lace_v with_o cord_n and_o small_a pulley_n that_o like_o the_o sail_n of_o a_o ship_n it_o may_v be_v truss_v up_o and_o let_v down_o at_o pleasure_n this_o canvas_n thus_o prepare_v be_v all_o the_o spring_n and_o latter_a end_n of_o winter_n to_o be_v let_v down_o at_o the_o set_n of_o the_o sun_n and_o to_o be_v draw_v up_o at_o the_o rise_n of_o the_o sun_n again_o the_o practice_n of_o this_o i_o refer_v to_o such_o as_o have_v ability_n to_o buy_v their_o delight_n without_o loss_n assure_v they_o that_o all_o reason_n and_o experience_n do_v find_v it_o most_o probable_a to_o be_v most_o excellent_a yet_o to_o the_o plain_a english_a husbandman_n i_o give_v certain_a assurance_n that_o the_o pentisse_n only_o be_v sufficient_a enough_o and_o will_v defend_v all_o storm_n whatsoever_o and_o thus_o much_o for_o the_o preservation_n and_o increase_n of_o all_o tender_a stone-fruit_n of_o what_o nature_n or_o climb_v breed_v soever_o chap._n xx._n how_o to_o make_v grape_n grow_v as_o big_a full_a and_o as_o natural_o and_o to_o ripen_v in_o as_o due_a season_n and_o be_v as_o long_o last_v as_o either_o in_o france_n or_o spain_n diverse_a of_o our_o english_a gardiner_n and_o those_o of_o the_o best_a and_o most_o approued'st_a judgement_n have_v be_v very_o industrious_a to_o bring_v grape_n in_o our_o kingdom_n to_o their_o true_a nature_n and_o perfection_n and_o some_o great_a person_n i_o know_v that_o with_o infinite_a cost_n and_o i_o hope_v prosperous_a success_n have_v plant_v a_o uineyard_n of_o many_o acre_n in_o which_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o best_a experience_a frenchman_n have_v be_v employ_v but_o for_o those_o great_a work_n they_o be_v only_o for_o great_a man_n and_o not_o for_o the_o plain_a english_a husbandman_n neither_o will_v such_o work_n by_o any_o mean_n prosper_v in_o many_o part_n of_o our_o kingdom_n especial_o in_o the_o north_n part_n and_o i_o that_o write_v for_o the_o general_a use_n must_v treat_v of_o universal_a maxim_n therefore_o if_o you_o desire_v to_o have_v grape_n in_o their_o true_a and_o best_a kind_n most_o early_o and_o long_a last_v you_o shall_v in_o the_o most_o convenient_a part_n of_o your_o garden_n which_o be_v ever_o the_o centre_n or_o middle_a point_n thereof_o build_v a_o round_a house_n in_o the_o fashion_n of_o a_o round_a dovecoate_n but_o many_o degree_n lower_v the_o ground_n work_v whereof_o shall_v be_v above_o the_o ground_n two_o or_o three_o brick_n thickness_n upon_o this_o ground-plot_n you_o shall_v place_v a_o groundsell_n and_o thereon_o fine_a yet_o strong_a stud_n whi●h_o may_v reach_v to_o the_o roof_n these_o stud_n shall_v be_v place_v better_a then_o four_o foot_n one_o from_o another_o with_o little_a square_a bar_n of_o wood_n such_o as_o you_o use_v in_o glass_n window_n two_o betwixt_o every_o two_o stud_n the_o roof_n you_o may_v make_v in_o what_o proportion_n you_o will_v for_o this_o house_n may_v serve_v for_o a_o delicate_a banquet_a house_n and_o you_o may_v either_o cover_v it_o with_o lead_n slate_n or_o tile_n which_o you_o please_v now_o from_o the_o ground_n to_o the_o top_n between_o the_o stud_n you_o shall_v glase_v it_o with_o very_o strong_a glass_n make_v in_o a_o exceed_a large_a square_a pane_n well_o lead_v and_o cement_v this_o house_n thus_o make_v you_o shall_v observe_v that_o through_o the_o brick_n work_v there_o be_v make_v between_o every_o two_o stud_n square_a hole_n clean_o through_o into_o the_o house_n then_o on_o the_o outside_n opposite_a against_o those_o hole_n you_o shall_v plant_v the_o root_n of_o your_o uine_n have_v be_v very_o careful_a in_o the_o election_n and_o choice_n thereof_o which_o do_v as_o your_o uine_n grow_v you_o shall_v draw_v it_o through_o those_o hole_n and_o as_o you_o use_v to_o plash_n a_o uine_n against_o a_o wall_n so_o you_o shall_v plash_n this_o against_o the_o glass_n window_n on_o the_o inside_n and_o so_o soon_o as_o it_o shall_v begin_v to_o bear_v grape_n you_o shall_v be_v sure_a to_o turn_v every_o bunch_n so_o that_o it_o may_v lie_v close_o to_o the_o glass_n that_o the_o reflection_n of_o the_o sun_n heat_n the_o glass_n that_o heat_n may_v hasten_v on_o the_o ripen_n &_o increase_v the_o groat_n of_o your_o grape_n as_o also_o the_o house_n defend_v off_o all_o manner_n of_o evil_a weather_n these_o grape_n will_v hang_v ripe_a unrot_v or_o wither_v even_o till_o christmas_n thus_o have_v i_o give_v you_o a_o taste_n of_o some_o of_o the_o first_o part_n of_o english_a husbandry_n which_o if_o i_o shall_v find_v thankful_o accept_v if_o it_o please_v god_n to_o grant_v i_o life_n