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except_o it_o be_v when_o the_o right_n or_o leave_v flank_n have_v fight_v that_o then_o the_o reserve_a flank_n may_v come_v into_o service_n also_o you_o may_v reduce_v they_o by_o interchange_v of_o they_o back_o again_o or_o divisional_o to_o countermarch_v their_o flank_n into_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o battle_n second_o countermarch_v lofe_v ground_n 1._o command_n file_n to_o the_o right_n or_o leave_v hand_n countermarch_v place_v yourselves_o before_o your_o bringer_n up_o to_o perform_v this_o command_n the_o bringer_n up_o to_o face_n about_o to_o the_o right_n than_o the_o file_n leader_n with_o the_o rest_n successive_o to_o turn_v off_o upon_o the_o same_o ground_n he_o stand_v and_o on_o the_o same_o hand_n the_o command_n be_v give_v so_o to_o place_v themselves_o according_o you_o may_v easy_o reduce_v they_o by_o any_o other_o countermarch_v of_o file_n 2._o command_n the_o last_o rank_n stand_v the_o rest_n pass_v through_o to_o the_o 1._o right_o or_o 2._o leave_v 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man_n else_o to_o remember_v that_o the_o far_o off_o he_o be_v from_o the_o right_a angle_n the_o swift_a must_v his_o motion_n be_v to_o reduce_v they_o wheel_n to_o the_o left_a but_o this_o will_v not_o transfer_v they_o to_o the_o same_o ground_n but_o to_o reduce_v they_o to_o their_o first_o aspect_n on_o the_o same_o ground_n you_o must_v face_n they_o all_o to_o the_o right_n then_o wheel_v they_o to_o the_o left_a and_o face_v they_o to_o the_o left_a it_o be_v complect_v 2._o command_n wheel_v your_o body_n all_o or_o your_o battle_n to_o the_o 1._o right_o or_o 2._o leave_v about_o this_o turn_v the_o aspect_n towards_o the_o rear_n now_o by_o reason_n the_o motion_n be_v twice_o as_o much_o as_o the_o former_a there_o ought_v to_o be_v the_o great_a care_n have_v in_o the_o performance_n of_o it_o observe_v so_o much_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o right_a hand_n man_n that_o they_o fail_v not_o of_o be_v even_o in_o rank_n with_o he_o to_o reduce_v they_o to_o their_o first_o 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to_o reduce_v this_o command_n face_n all_o about_o to_o the_o right_n file_n file_v six_o to_o the_o right_n into_o the_o rear_n or_o as_o they_o stand_v without_o face_v command_n file_n six_o to_o the_o right_n gather_v towards_o the_o front_n 3._o command_n file_n file_v inward_a into_o the_o right_a flank_n to_o perform_v this_o command_n half_n file_n face_n about_o then_o file_n leader_n and_o bringer_n up_o of_o the_o left_a flank_n advance_v forward_o and_o each_o file_n of_o the_o half_a file_n from_o the_o left_a be_v to_o fall_v successive_o into_o the_o rear_n of_o each_o file_n until_o they_o have_v make_v one_o entire_a than_o face_n they_o to_o their_o leader_n to_o reduce_v they_o command_v rear_n half_a file_n face_n about_o to_o the_o left_a front_n half_a file_n file_v three_o
 _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr 1_o 2_o 3_o 4_o 5_o 6._o 6_o 5_o 4_o 3_o 2_o 1_o  _fw-fr 6_o 5_o 4_o 3_o 2_o 1_o 6_o 5_o 4_o 3_o 2_o 1_o to_o make_v the_o if_o upon_o a_o single_a file_n command_v 5_o 6_o 5_o 2_o 1_o 2_o  _fw-fr 5_o 6_o 1_o 6_o 1_o 2_o 5_o 6_o 1_o 6_o 1_o 2_o 4_o 3_o 1_o 6_o 4_o 3_o  _fw-fr 4_o 3_o 2_o 5_o 4_o 3_o 4_o 3_o 2_o 5_o 4_o 3_o 3_o 4_o 6_o 1_o 3_o 4_o  _fw-fr 3_o 4_o 3_o 2_o 3_o 4_o 3_o 4_o 5_o 2_o 3_o 4_o  _fw-fr 2_o 1_o 2_o 5_o 6_o 5_o  _fw-fr 2_o 1_o 6_o 1_o 6_o 5_o 2_o 1_o 6_o 1_o 6_o 5_o  _fw-fr 1_o 2_o 3_o 4_o 5_o 6_o  _fw-fr 1_o 2_o 5_o 4_o 5_o 6_o 1_o 2_o 3_o 4_o 5_o 6_o  _fw-fr  _fw-fr 6_o 5_o 4_o 3_o 2_o  _fw-fr 1_o 6_o 5_o 4_o 3_o 2_o 1_o 6_o 5_o 4_o 3_o 2_o this_o i_o see_v july_n 1671._o reducement_n file_v leader_n stand_v the_o rest_n pass_v through_o and_o place_n yourselves_o before_o your_o leader_n rank_n to_o the_o right_n double_a and_o file_n to_o the_o right_n double_a rank_n to_o the_o left_a double_a and_o file_n double_v your_o depth_n to_o the_o left_a file-leader_n stand_v the_o rest_n pass_v through_o to_o the_o right_n and_o place_n themselves_o before_o their_o leader_n half_o double_v your_o front_n to_o the_o right_n and_o file_n to_o the_o right_n double_a rank_n to_o the_o left_a double_a and_o file_n to_o the_o left_a double_a if_o more_o file_n than_o one_o command_n reducement_n file_v rank_n to_o the_o left_a into_o the_o front_n rank_a file_n fix_v to_o the_o left_a file_v rank_n two_o to_o the_o right_n and_o file_n to_o the_o right_n double_a bringers-up_a double_v your_o front_n to_o the_o left_a and_o double_a your_o file_n to_o the_o right_n entire_a advance_n bringers-up_a double_v your_o front_n to_o the_o right_n and_o double_a your_o file_n to_o the_o left_a entire_a advance_n half_o double_v your_o front_n to_o the_o right_n file_n double_v your_o depth_n to_o the_o left_a file_v rank_n two_o to_o the_o left_a file_n to_o the_o left_a double_a reducement_n bringer-up_a stand_n the_o rest_n pass_v through_o to_o the_o left_a and_o place_n yourselves_o behind_o your_o bringer-up_a rank_n two_o to_o the_o left_a and_o file_n to_o the_o left_a double_a half_a file_n double_a your_o front_n to_o the_o right_n and_o file_n double_v your_o depth_n to_o the_o right_n file_v rank_n six_o to_o the_o left_a then_o rank_a file_n six_o to_o the_o left_a front_n half_a file_n double_v your_o depth_n to_o the_o left_a file-leader_n with_o the_o odd_a man_n from_o the_o front_n face_n about_o to_o the_o right_n and_o interchange_v ground_n  _fw-fr  _fw-fr 6_o 5_o 4_o 3_o 2_o  _fw-fr  _fw-fr 6_o 5_o 4_o 3_o 2_o  _fw-fr 6_o 5_o 4_o 3_o 2_o the_o front_n and_o stand_v of_o each_o file_n as_o they_o come_v to_o be_v leader_n in_o their_o respective_a dignity_n dignity_n  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr the_o dignity_n of_o a_o file_n  _fw-fr 1_o 6_o 4_o 3_o 5_o 2_o 6_o 5_o 4_o 3_o 2_o 1_o 6_o 5_o 4_o 3_o 2_o 1_o  _fw-fr 6_o 5_o 4_o 3_o 2_o 1_o 1._o a_o 5._o e_fw-la 4._o do_v 3._o c_o 6._o f_o 2._o b_o 1_o 2_o 6_o 5_o 5_o 6_o 2_o 4_o 5_o 6_o 6_o 5_o  _fw-fr 2_o 4_o 5_o 6_o 6_o 5_o 3_o 4_o 1_o 2_o 3_o 4_o 1_o 3_o 1_o 2_o 3_o 4_o  _fw-fr 1_o 3_o 1_o 2_o 3_o 4_o 4_o 3_o 2_o 1_o 1_o 3_o 3_o 1_o 3_o 4_o 1_o 3_o  _fw-fr 3_o 1_o 3_o 4_o 1_o 3_o 2_o 1_o 5_o 6_o 6_o 5_o 4_o 2_o 6_o 5_o 5_o 6_o  _fw-fr 4_o 2_o 6_o 5_o 5_o 6_o  _fw-fr  _fw-fr 5_o 6_o 3_o 4_o 4_o 2_o 5_o 6_o 2_o 1_o 4_o 2_o  _fw-fr 5_o 6_o 2_o 1_o 4_o 2_o dignity_n  _fw-fr i_o much_o quastion_v the_o dignity_n of_o this_o how_o ever_o i_o have_v insert_v it_o 6_o 5_o 4_o 3_o 2_o 1_o dignity_n 6_o 5_o 4_o 3_o 2_o 1_o  _fw-fr f_o e_o d_o c_o b_o a_o f_o e_o d_o c_o b_o a_o  _fw-fr reducement_n file_n rank_a two_o to_o the_o left_a file_n to_o the_o left_a double_a bringer_n up_o double_v your_o front_n to_o the_o left_a file_n double_v your_o depth_n to_o the_o left_a every_o man_n fall_v behind_o his_o bringer_n up_o half_n file_n double_v your_o front_n to_o the_o right_n file_n double_a to_o the_o left_a entire_a advance_n file_n rank_a two_o to_o the_o right_n file_n to_o the_o left_a double_a bringer_n up_o double_v your_o front_n to_o the_o right_n and_o file_n double_v your_o depth_n to_o the_o right_n every_o man_n place_v himself_o before_o his_o leader_n front_n half_a file_n double_v the_o rear_n to_o the_o left_a file_n double_a to_o the_o left_a in_o tire_n advance_v every_o man_n place_v himself_o before_o his_o leader_n half_n file_n double_v your_o front_n to_o the_o left_a file_n double_a to_o the_o right_n entire_a advance_n every_o man_n place_v himself_o before_o his_o leader_n reducement_n rank_n to_o the_o left_a double_a file_n to_o the_o left_a double_a then_o half_a file_n double_v your_o front_n to_o the_o right_n then_o bringer_n up_o face_n about_o to_o the_o right_n and_o march_v forth_o into_o your_o place_n file_v leader_n 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up_o double_a your_o front_n to_o the_o right_n &_o file_n to_o the_o right_n double_a advance_n &_o place_v yourselves_o before_o your_o leader_n countermarch_v front_n and_o rear_n into_o the_o midst_n front_n and_o rear_v half_a file_n interchange_v ground_n  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr n._n 6._o n._n 5._o n._n 4._o n._n 3._o n._n 2._o  _fw-fr n._n 6._o n._n 5._o n_o 4._o n._n 3._o n._n 2._o  _fw-fr  _fw-fr n._n 6._o n._n 5._o n._n 4._o n._n 3._o n._n 2._o  _fw-fr chap._n xv._o of_o countermarche_n we_o read_v in_o the_o tactic_n of_o aelian_a of_o three_o kind_n of_o countermarche_n use_v among_o the_o grecian_n and_o persian_n and_o be_v term_v the_o 1._o chorean_n 2._o lacedaemonian_a 3._o macedonian_a countermarche_n there_o be_v another_o countermarch_v that_o be_v of_o use_n in_o our_o modern_a exercise_n and_o be_v term_v the_o bastard_n countermarch_v and_o so_o call_v because_o it_o participate_v some_o time_n of_o one_o and_o some_o time_n of_o another_o but_o always_o of_o two_o and_o may_v in_o many_o respect_n be_v more_o useful_a than_o the_o former_a most_o author_n place_v this_o among_o the_o other_o countermarche_n therefore_o i_o shall_v not_o now_o alter_v it_o although_o in_o my_o opinion_n it_o may_v be_v very_o well_o rank_v among_o the_o doubling_n i_o think_v to_o have_v be_v large_a in_o demonstrate_v the_o several_a nature_n of_o countermarche_n but_o be_v conceive_v of_o all_o motion_n in_o this_o art_n the_o least_o beneficial_a to_o our_o late_a mode_n of_o discipline_n i_o shall_v not_o be_v tedious_a to_o your_o patience_n but_o if_o the_o skilful_a soldier_n will_v put_v they_o into_o practice_n especial_o the_o bastard_n countermarch_v he_o will_v not_o only_o find_v some_o of_o they_o serviceable_a but_o all_o delightful_a in_o private_a exercise_n observe_v the_o chorean_a lacedaemonian_a macedonian_a be_v 1._o maintain_v 2._o lose_v 3._o gain_v ground_n first_o the_o maintain_n of_o ground_n be_v a_o countermarch_v command_v without_o any_o addition_n to_o it_o and_o be_v term_v the_o chorean_a or_o cretan_a countermarch_v second_o the_o lose_a ground_n be_v a_o countermarch_v command_v when_o the_o soldier_n be_v to_o take_v his_o ground_n from_o the_o rear_n and_o this_o be_v term_v the_o lacedaemonian_a countermarch_v three_o the_o gain_n of_o ground_n that_o be_v a_o countermarch_v take_v of_o ground_n next_o before_o the_o front_n and_o forsake_v the_o ground_n it_o first_o stand_v upon_o and_o this_o be_v
fit_v of_o the_o soldier_n for_o field_n service_n and_o other_o at_o their_o pleasure_n what_o their_o fancy_n may_v guide_v they_o unto_o and_o thus_o i_o have_v pass_v over_o the_o ground_n of_o discipline_n for_o the_o foot_n i_o expect_v censure_n by_o the_o ingenuous_a i_o submit_v to_o a_o correction_n but_o for_o the_o carper_n let_v he_o remain_v in_o his_o own_o mud_n he_o shall_v never_o be_v complemented_a to_o a_o clear_v fountain_n by_o i_o chap._n xvii_o of_o make_v file_n leader_n successive_o both_o in_o number_n and_o place_n in_o a_o file_n six_o in_o depth_n and_o so_o for_o a_o whole_a body_n the_o soldier_n have_v pass_v thus_o many_o day_n exercise_n in_o these_o principle_n of_o art_n military_a and_o now_o each_o soldier_n be_v love_v to_o his_o comrade_n every_o file_n leader_n to_o the_o rest_n of_o his_o file_n be_v willing_a that_o their_o file_n shall_v successive_o demonstrate_v some_o experience_n as_o they_o have_v attain_v unto_o in_o the_o exercise_n thereof_o which_o will_v prove_v a_o great_a encouragement_n to_o the_o ingenious_a also_o it_o be_v profitable_a to_o a_o commander_n to_o bring_v what_o rank_n he_o please_v into_o the_o front_n and_o to_o exchange_v they_o and_o to_o reduce_v they_o to_o their_o proper_a file_n leader_n a_o file_n to_o be_v make_v file_n leader_n successive_o according_a to_o number_n or_o by_o command_v as_o follow_v command_v by_o the_o file_n leader_n 1_o file_n leader_n  _fw-fr rank_a two_o to_o the_o left_a and_o file_v to_o the_o left_a double_a 2_o 2_o rank_n to_o the_o left_a double_a and_o file_n to_o the_o left_a double_a  _fw-fr countermarch_v front_n and_o rear_v into_o the_o midst_n and_o face_n to_o that_o part_n which_o be_v the_o rear_n 3_o 1_o 3_o half_a file_n double_v your_o front_n to_o the_o right_n and_o file_n to_o the_o right_n double_a  _fw-fr  _fw-fr face_n about_o to_o the_o right_n 4_o 4_o 2_o 4_o file_v leader_n stand_v the_o rest_n pass_v through_o to_o the_o right_n and_o place_n themselves_o before_o their_o leader_n  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr countermarch_v from_o the_o rear_n into_o the_o midst_n and_o and_o face_n to_o that_o which_o be_v the_o rear_n 5_o 3_o 6_o 5_o 5_o rank_n to_o the_o left_a double_a and_o file_n double_v your_o depth_n to_o the_o left_a  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr file_n rank_a two_o to_o the_o right_n and_o file_v to_o the_o right_n double_a face_n they_o about_o and_o it_o will_v reduce_v they_o 6_o 6_o 1_o 1_o 6_o 6_o rank_n to_o the_o right_n double_a and_o file_n to_o the_o right_n double_a  _fw-fr to_z reduce_v  _fw-fr 5_o 5_o 6_o 3_o 5_o 1._o file_v leader_n stand_v the_o rest_n pass_v through_o and_o place_v yourselves_o before_o your_o leader_n  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr 4_o 2_o 4_o 4_o  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr 3_o 1_o 3_o  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr 2_o 2_o  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr 1_o  _fw-fr a_o file_n to_o be_v make_v file_n leader_n successive_o according_a to_o their_o dignity_n 1._o file_v leader_n 1_o  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr the_o second_o man_n from_o the_o front_n 5_o 2_o bringer_n up_o double_a your_o front_n to_o the_o right_n and_o file_n double_v your_o depth_n to_o the_o right_n bringer_n up_o to_o the_o front_n half_a file_n 4_o 6_o 3_o file_v leader_n and_o half_a file_n leader_n stand_v the_o rest_n pass_v through_o to_o the_o left_a and_o place_n yourselves_o before_o your_o leader_n 3._o half_a file_n leader_n 3_o 3_o 6_o 4_o front_n and_o rear_v half_a file_n interchange_v your_o ground_n the_o second_o man_n from_o the_o rear_n 6_o 1_o 2_o 5_o 5_o rank_n to_o the_o right_n double_a file_n to_o the_o right_n double_a 2._o bringer_n up_o 2_o 5_o 4_o 1_o 4_o 6_o file_v leader_n stand_v the_o rest_n pass_v through_o to_o the_o left_a and_o place_n yourselves_o before_o your_o leader_n  _fw-fr  _fw-fr 4_o 5_o 3_o 3_o 2_o to_o reduce_v they_o  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr 1_o 6_o 1_o 1_o 1._o rank_n to_o the_o left_a double_a and_o file_n to_o the_o left_a double_a  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr 2_o 2_o 3_o 2._o half_n file_n double_v your_o front_n to_o the_o right_n  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr 6_o 4_o 3._o bringer_n up_o face_n about_o to_o the_o right_n and_o march_v forth_o into_o your_o place_n  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr 5_o  _fw-fr chap._n xviii_o of_o certain_a firing_n in_o the_o front_n have_v pass_v over_o the_o ground_n of_o this_o art_n military_a i_o be_o now_o come_v to_o the_o executive_a part_n of_o the_o tactic_n and_o shall_v not_o here_o exceed_v the_o exercise_n of_o a_o single_a company_n show_v the_o soldier_n the_o use_n of_o some_o few_o firing_n that_o they_o may_v the_o better_o perform_v their_o respective_a duty_n when_o they_o shall_v be_v command_v thereunto_o none_o can_v positive_o say_v this_o or_o that_o figure_n shall_v be_v or_o serve_v this_o day_n time_n or_o place_n etc._n etc._n because_o of_o the_o diversity_n of_o form_n occasion_v by_o situation_n of_o ground_n he_o number_n of_o man_n the_o order_n of_o the_o enemy_n with_o many_o other_o observable_a stratagem_n for_o the_o obtain_v both_o of_o wind_n and_o sun_n i_o shall_v therefore_o according_a to_o my_o allotment_n of_o twelve_o file_n demonstrate_v by_o figure_n some_o firing_n which_o be_v well_o understand_v may_v enable_v such_o for_o high_a preferment_n as_o time_n and_o place_n may_v fortune_n they_o unto_o by_o way_n of_o digression_n i_o be_o sure_a it_o be_v a_o trouble_n to_o most_o ingenious_a spirit_n to_o see_v some_o gentleman_n choose_v captain_n in_o the_o militia_n that_o be_v but_o prisoner_n to_o their_o own_o reason_n and_o instead_o of_o be_v experience_v in_o this_o art_n have_v be_v whole_o ignorant_a of_o the_o least_o part_n thereof_o it_o be_v no_o wonder_n then_o if_o his_o majesty_n may_v lose_v his_o expectation_n of_o a_o well_o discipline_v militia_n and_o the_o soldier_n in_o hazard_n of_o his_o life_n and_o country_n too_o how_o easy_o may_v this_o be_v remedy_v if_o our_o command_a power_n will_v but_o authorise_v the_o commission_n officer_n to_o meet_v once_o in_o a_o month_n to_o exercise_v each_o other_o by_o their_o respective_a turn_n etc._n etc._n where_o they_o may_v also_o discourse_v and_o consult_v about_o military_a affair_n and_o then_o for_o these_o private_a commander_n by_o their_o affable_a and_o heroic_a persuasion_n to_o get_v some_o of_o their_o soldier_n as_o may_v be_v for_o their_o conveniency_n to_o meet_v with_o their_o arm_n and_o to_o exercise_v they_o this_o will_v not_o only_o be_v delightful_a but_o profitable_a both_o for_o king_n and_o country_n and_o on_o the_o contrary_a the_o neglect_n hereof_o and_o also_o of_o the_o full_a number_n of_o man_n and_o arm_n in_o the_o militia_n have_v make_v it_o to_o be_v ill_o speak_v of_o and_o so_o little_o fear_v especial_o by_o those_o of_o our_o own_o inbred_a enemy_n to_o the_o royal_a government_n hereafter_o these_o thing_n will_v be_v better_o look_v into_o hereafter_o if_o they_o will_v not_o be_v draw_v to_o love_v and_o to_o be_v obedient_a to_o royal_a prerogative_n they_o must_v be_v make_v to_o dread_v it_o and_o i_o humble_o conceive_v there_o be_v no_o better_a way_n to_o effect_v the_o former_a than_o by_o have_v a_o choice_a militia_n of_o such_o who_o spirit_n shall_v account_v it_o a_o baseness_n to_o abuse_v the_o country_n and_o make_v not_o their_o muster_n pass_v time_n for_o debauchery_n and_o that_o their_o company_n be_v not_o only_o well_o discipline_v but_o well_o arm_v also_o i_o proceed_v to_o the_o draw_v up_o of_o file_n again_o into_o a_o body_n and_o prepare_v they_o for_o skirmish_n a_o company_n of_o foot_n be_v thus_o draw_v up_o for_o service_n and_o the_o colour_n fly_v in_o the_o head_n of_o the_o company_n and_o there_o they_o be_v to_o remain_v until_o all_o forlorn_a firing_n be_v end_v but_o so_o soon_o as_o the_o drum_n shall_v beat_v his_o further_a preparative_n for_o a_o close_a skirmish_n the_o ensign_n be_v to_o furl_v his_o colour_n and_o retreit_n to_o the_o half_a file_n of_o pike_n observe_v that_o all_o firing_n be_v either_o direct_a or_o oblique_a and_o the_o manner_n how_o they_o be_v to_o be_v perform_v be_v either_o advance_v receive_v or_o retreit_v otherwhiles_o there_o may_v be_v fire_v in_o the_o rear_n march_v from_o the_o enemy_n or_o in_o the_o flank_n march_v by_o a_o enemy_n and_o also_o at_o several_a place_n for_o a_o enemy_n
his_o fortune_n yet_o what_o be_v the_o common_a voice_n of_o the_o country_n which_o heat_n and_o fury_n as_o it_o rise_v sudden_o so_o may_v it_o be_v cool_v quick_o again_o but_o that_o which_o increase_v and_o confirm_v courage_n best_a and_o make_v man_n resolute_a and_o constant_a indeed_o be_v when_o they_o shall_v see_v themselves_o accompany_v with_o number_n able_a to_o resist_v instruct_v with_o knowledge_n how_o to_o use_v their_o arm_n and_o weapon_n and_o fortify_v with_o order_n to_o be_v able_a to_o withstand_v and_o repel_v a_o enemy_n this_o be_v it_o which_o will_v make_v a_o coward_n valiant_a for_o as_o one_o say_v the_o fierce_a and_o disorder_a man_n be_v much_o weak_a than_o the_o fearful_a and_o order_v for_o that_o order_n expel_v fear_n from_o man_n and_o in_o the_o end_n disorder_n abate_v fierceness_n so_o than_o it_o be_v not_o fury_n that_o prevail_v in_o war_n but_o good_a discipline_n and_o order_n the_o chief_a scope_n be_v to_o persuade_v a_o restraint_n of_o the_o violent_a and_o disorderly_a run_v down_o of_o the_o country_n to_o the_o sea_n side_n to_o fight_v and_o give_v battle_n to_o the_o enemy_n at_o his_o land_n after_o the_o old_a custom_n show_v the_o danger_n and_o inconvenience_n that_o may_v follow_v and_o for_o the_o other_o part_n it_o be_v grant_v by_o all_o that_o it_o be_v perilous_a for_o a_o defendant_n prince_n to_o hazard_v his_o crown_n at_o a_o battle_n and_o more_o dangerous_a for_o man_n untrained_a to_o encounter_v expert_a discipline_v soldier_n put_v the_o case_n that_o battle_n be_v give_v and_o loss_n receive_v then_o if_o we_o have_v no_o strong_a town_n adjacent_a to_o give_v the_o enemy_n stop_v to_o make_v head_n and_o rally_v again_o it_o will_v prove_v most_o perilous_a to_o we_o therefore_o moderate_o it_o may_v be_v conclude_v dangerous_a unless_o advantage_n may_v be_v obtain_v for_o any_o prince_n to_o give_v a_o invade_a enemy_n battle_n and_o here_o by_o the_o way_n occasion_n be_v offer_v to_o speak_v of_o strong_a town_n some_o there_o be_v of_o that_o opinion_n that_o a_o country_n well_o people_v that_o have_v not_o or_o few_o strong_a town_n be_v in_o less_o danger_n of_o conquest_n than_o that_o realm_n that_o have_v many_o because_o say_v they_o a_o enemy_n can_v any_o way_n nestle_v himself_o but_o that_o you_o may_v at_o all_o time_n force_v he_o to_o battle_n at_o your_o pleasure_n to_o that_o may_v be_v answer_v that_o a_o battle_n be_v the_o thing_n that_o a_o invadour_n be_v most_o desirous_a of_o and_o which_o a_o defendant_n ought_v to_o shun_v your_o strong_a town_n in_o that_o case_n be_v most_o available_a for_o the_o defendant_n prince_n in_o his_o own_o country_n against_o a_o invador_fw-la because_o he_o may_v only_o with_o one_o strong_a town_n weary_a a_o invadours_n army_n and_o consume_v it_o especial_o if_o he_o be_v but_o able_a with_o a_o small_a force_n to_o encamp_v near_o his_o town_n besiege_v for_o the_o invador_fw-la be_v thereby_o restrain_v from_o assault_v the_o same_o for_o fear_v the_o defendant_n camp_n shall_v assail_v he_o in_o the_o mean_a time_n the_o which_o work_v all_o for_o the_o defendant_n in_o win_v of_o time_n to_o the_o weaken_n and_o ruin_n of_o his_o enemy_n army_n the_o date_n whereof_o as_o by_o daily_a experience_n be_v find_v be_v not_o above_o twelve_o or_o thirteen_o week_n continuance_n so_o as_o your_o strong_a town_n avail_v whole_o for_o the_o defendant_n war_n in_o our_o late_a war_n and_o be_v dangerous_a only_o in_o civil_a and_o intestine_a war_n for_o that_o such_o town_n revolt_a work_n the_o like_a contrary_a effect_n against_o their_o lord_n and_o master_n as_o they_o do_v before_o for_o he_o for_o example_n &_o precedent_n of_o this_o you_o may_v behold_v what_o the_o strong_a hold_v of_o france_n and_o the_o low_a country_n and_o england_n itself_o do_v against_o their_o lord_n and_o sovereign_n insomuch_o as_o we_o may_v true_o say_v of_o they_o they_o be_v a_o dangerous_a good_a wherefore_o i_o think_v it_o matter_n of_o joy_n to_o all_o loyal_a heart_n that_o our_o most_o gracious_a sovereign_n have_v a_o kingdom_n so_o well_o replenish_v with_o a_o warlike_a people_n whereby_o to_o be_v enable_v at_o all_o time_n to_o front_n and_o give_v a_o stop_n to_o a_o enemy_n invadour_n and_o as_o touch_v a_o rebellious_a number_n i_o hope_v we_o shall_v never_o doubt_v or_o fear_v they_o as_o long_o as_o they_o shall_v want_v skilful_a leader_n and_o governor_n to_o direct_v they_o pay_v armour_n munition_n and_o other_o necessary_n to_o uphold_v they_o wherewith_o his_o now_o most_o royal_a majesty_n be_v plentiful_o furnish_v the_o want_n whereof_o shall_v force_v rebel_n in_o a_o few_o day_n to_o disperse_v themselves_o who_o be_v once_o break_v may_v present_o be_v follow_v in_o gross_a in_o such_o sort_n as_o they_o shall_v never_o be_v able_a to_o assemble_v and_o make_v head_n again_o and_o what_o leader_n of_o skill_n and_o judgement_n will_v undertake_v such_o a_o enterprise_n in_o these_o day_n and_o not_o forecast_v that_o a_o power_n and_o force_v assemble_v can_v long_o stand_v without_o rich_a and_o strong_a town_n to_o supply_v their_o want_n or_o at_o leastwise_o without_o so_o much_o as_o be_v requisite_a to_o retain_v and_o keep_v a_o army_n together_o in_o due_a order_n and_o obedience_n without_o which_o there_o can_v grow_v nothing_o but_o confusion_n and_o ruin_n be_v their_o number_n never_o so_o great_a the_o content_n for_o the_o service_n of_o the_o horse_n chapt._n 1_o introductive_a collection_n for_o the_o exercise_n of_o the_o young_a soldier_n in_o the_o art_n military_n folio_fw-la 1_o chap._n 2._o of_o the_o soldier_n and_o officer_n in_o general_n 4_o chap._n 3._o of_o arm_v the_o cavalry_n 7_o chap._n 4._o of_o military_a sign_n 9_o chap._n 5._o of_o march_v and_o draw_v up_o of_o a_o troop_n of_o horse_n 10_o chap._n 6._o of_o exercise_v a_o troop_n as_o arm_v with_o carabine_n and_o pistol_n 13_o chap._n 7._o of_o distance_n 15_o chap._n 8._o of_o motion_n 16_o chap._n 9_o of_o firing_n 21_o chap._n 10._o the_o conlusion_n for_o the_o horse_n service_n 23_o for_o the_o service_n of_o the_o foot_n chap._n 1._o by_o way_n of_o introduction_n 33_o chap._n 2._o of_o the_o posture_n of_o the_o pike_n and_o of_o the_o musket_n 34_o 37_o chap._n 3._o of_o place_n and_o dignity_n both_o of_o file_n and_o rank_n some_o objection_n answer_v in_o dignity_n etc._n etc._n 40_o 43_o chap._n 4._o of_o the_o drum_n 45_o chap._n 5._o of_o distance_n ibid._n read_v chap._n 7._o for_o the_o horse_n service_n chap._n 6._o of_o march_v and_o draw_v up_o of_o a_o company_n decipher_n their_o dignity_n in_o place_n 48_o 49_o chap._n 6._o of_o face_n 50_o chap_n 7._o of_o doubling_n 53_o how_o the_o front_n be_v strengthen_v 1._o by_o entire_a doubling_n of_o rank_n 54_o 2._o by_o bringer_n up_o 57_o 3._o by_o half_a file_n 58_o 4._o by_o divisional_a wheeling_n 61_o chap._n 8._o show_v that_o several_a command_n produce_v one_o and_o the_o same_o figure_n 63_o chap._n 9_o how_o the_o rear_n may_v be_v strengthen_v 65_o chap._n 10._o how_o the_o flank_n be_v to_o be_v strengthen_v 1._o by_o file_n 67_o 2._o by_o half_a rank_n 72_o 3._o by_o divisional_a doubling_n 77_o 4._o by_o wheeling_n 78_o chap._n 11._o show_v how_o that_o several_a command_n produce_v one_o and_o the_o same_o figure_n 81_o chap._n 12._o treat_v of_o inversion_n 1._o of_o file_n file_v 84_o 2._o of_o rank_n file_v 90_o chap._n 13._o of_o conversion_n etc._n etc._n 93_o chap._n 14._o show_v also_o their_o several_a command_n produce_v one_o and_o the_o same_o figure_n 106_o chap._n 15._o of_o countermarche_n 110_o 1._o of_o maintain_v ground_n 111_o 2._o of_o lose_v ground_n 115_o 3._o of_o gain_v ground_n 122_o chap._n 16._o of_o wheeling_n 127_o chap._n 17._o of_o file_n leader_n to_o be_v make_v successive_o six_o deep_a 136_o chap._n 18._o of_o firing_n and_o fire_v in_o the_o front_n 137_o chap._n 19_o of_o fire_v in_o the_o front_n and_o rear_n and_o rear_v alone_o 151_o chap._n 20._o of_o firing_n in_o the_o flank_n 153_o chap._n 21._o of_o divisional_a firing_n 160_o chap._n 22._o a_o excuse_n for_o not_o proceed_v far_o 169_o chap._n 23._o show_v the_o necessity_n of_o exercise_n of_o arm_n with_o their_o antiquity_n ibid._n chap._n 24._o the_o conclusion_n 174_o chap._n 1._o the_o original_a and_o be_v of_o ensign_n and_o colour_n 175_o chap._n 2._o the_o definition_n of_o ensign_n 177_o chap._n 3._o of_o horse_n and_o horse_n colour_n 179_o chap._n 4._o of_o the_o dignity_n of_o ensign_n 180_o chap._n 5._o the_o disgrace_n to_o the_o ensign_n 182_o chap._n 6._o the_o use_n of_o the_o ensign_n with_o the_o posture_n and_o flourish_n 184_o sir_n francis_n
its_o delineation_n since_o it_o be_v most_o a_o end_v the_o part_n of_o some_o regular_a fortification_n let_v the_o engineer_n look_v what_o fortification_n be_v fit_a for_o the_o place_n of_o the_o polygon_n that_o be_v to_o be_v encompass_v which_o when_o he_o have_v find_v let_v he_o delineate_v so_o many_o bulwork_n of_o that_o fortification_n which_o be_v build_v on_o the_o observe_v polygon_n as_o the_o place_n require_v only_o this_o let_v he_o observe_v that_o the_o angle_n of_o the_o half_a bulwark_n be_v not_o less_o than_o sixty_o nor_o more_o than_o ninety_o degree_n its_o bulwork_n be_v wont_v sometime_o to_o be_v less_o than_o those_o of_o the_o main_a work_n but_o let_v we_o expound_v more_o especial_o the_o construction_n of_o a_o crownwork_n have_v one_o whole_a bulwark_n the_o whole_a description_n be_v make_v after_o this_o manner_n let_v the_o capital_a of_o the_o bulwark_n be_v produce_v infinite_o or_o if_o the_o crown_n be_v to_o be_v set_v before_o the_o courtine_n from_o the_o middle_a point_n of_o the_o courtine_n raise_v a_o infinite_a perpendicular_a on_o the_o capital_a produce_v set_v off_o from_o b_o to_z d_o forty_o rhynland_a perch_n on_o the_o perpendicular_a of_o the_o courtine_n you_o may_v reckon_v sixty_o or_o seventy_o for_o so_o the_o side_n of_o the_o crownwork_n will_v be_v yet_o within_o the_o shot_n of_o a_o musket_n come_v from_o the_o bulwork_n of_o the_o main_a fort._n then_o at_o the_o point_n of_o d_o of_o the_o right_a line_n b_o d_o make_v the_o angle_n b_o d_o ay_o half_a of_o some_o multangle_n or_o polygon_n and_o on_o the_o other_o side_n the_o angle_n b_o d_o k_o then_o in_o the_o side_n of_o these_o angle_n from_o d_o to_o i_o and_o k_o reckon_v 40_o or_o 50_o perch_n at_o most_o 60_o and_o lay_v a_o ruler_n by_o the_o point_n i_o to_o the_o flanque_fw-la of_o the_o bulwark_n f_o as_o also_o from_o the_o point_n k_o to_o the_o other_o flanque_fw-fr e_o draw_v strait_a line_n till_o they_o meet_v with_o the_o out-brestwork_a in_o m_n and_o l_o so_fw-mi will_v the_o side_n of_o the_o crownwork_n be_v determine_v by_o the_o out-brestwork_a but_o if_o the_o side_n m_o i_o l_o k_o exceed_v 60_o perch_n that_o be_v a_o musquet-shot_a the_o angle_n b_o d_o ay_o b_o d_o k_o must_v be_v make_v less_o yet_o so_o that_o the_o whole_a ay_o d_o k_n may_v remain_v big_a than_o a_o right_a angle_n or_o certain_o which_o be_v think_v best_o the_o line_n b_o d_o must_v be_v shorten_v then_o see_v what_o regular_a figure_n be_v angle_n be_v equal_a or_o come_v near_o to_o the_o angle_n k_o d_o i_o say_v for_o example_n a_o heptagon_n or_o seven-angled_n figure_n therefore_o make_v within_o k_o d_o i_o one_o whole_a bulwark_n and_o two_o half_a bulwork_n of_o a_o heptagon_n by_o the_o help_n of_o your_o table_n if_o you_o will_v place_v more_o whole_a bulwork_n in_o the_o middle_n let_v the_o side_n of_o the_o horn-work_n be_v draw_v forth_o so_o that_o they_o do_v not_o exceed_v musquet-shot_a and_o within_o these_o build_v part_n of_o a_o regular_a fortification_n as_o have_v be_v say_v above_o general_n rule_v concern_v outwork_n 1._o let_v they_o be_v within_o musquet-shot_a of_o the_o main_a work_n 2._o let_v not_o their_o height_n be_v more_o than_o what_o may_v convenient_o serve_v to_o scour_v the_o ground_n possess_v by_o the_o enemy_n 3._o let_v the_o remote_a be_v low_o than_o the_o near_a 4._o let_v a_o dry_a graft_n have_v no_o outwork_n unless_o horn-work_n if_o you_o see_v occasion_n let_v the_o wet_a one_o have_v ravelin_n and_o horn-work_n but_o it_o will_v hardly_o admit_v of_o halfmoon_n without_o damage_n the_o second_o part_n of_o irregular_a fortification_n since_o most_o city_n be_v of_o a_o irregular_a figure_n it_o be_v evident_a what_o great_a use_n or_o rather_o necessity_n there_o be_v like_a to_o be_v of_o this_o part_n i_o shall_v comprehend_v all_o the_o matter_n brief_o in_o the_o follow_a chapter_n chap._n fourteen_o the_o part_n of_o irregular_a 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it_o be_v show_v in_o the_o 15_o figure_n and_o be_v build_v common_o in_o steep_a place_n such_o as_o the_o side_n of_o hill_n that_o when_o the_o enemy_n come_v up_o can_v be_v no_o long_o touch_v from_o the_o low_a he_o may_v be_v hot_a from_o the_o second_o and_o last_o from_o the_o three_o these_o be_v seldom_o use_v 2._o fork_v or_o cut_v bulwork_n i_o call_v those_o who_o angle_n e_z be_v cut_v off_o and_o change_v into_o a_o external_a angle_n f_o k_n g_o after_o this_o manner_n in_o the_o 16_o figure_n be_v the_o mole_n or_o bulk_n a_o c_o fk_n g_o d_o b_o they_o be_v of_o use_n when_o the_o angle_n of_o the_o bulwark_n be_v too_o acute_a 3._o half-bulworks_a you_o have_v in_o the_o horn-work_n fig._n 10._o and_o in_o the_o crownwork_n fig._n 14._o they_o be_v not_o only_o to_o be_v use_v in_o horn-work_n and_o crown-work_n but_o also_o in_o many_o other_o place_n as_o we_o shall_v say_v afterward_o observe_v that_o the_o angle_n of_o these_o be_v not_o too_o acute_a and_o 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inward_a angle_n to_o be_v equal_a in_o strength_n to_o one_o that_o be_v fortify_v with_o bulwork_n but_o they_o be_v not_o to_o be_v hear_v 1._o for_o first_o it_o always_o happen_v that_o when_o a_o place_n be_v enclose_v with_o external_n and_o internal_a angle_n set_v alternate_o some_o of_o the_o outward_a will_v be_v too_o blunt_a or_o obtuse_a as_o a_o l_o and_o some_o of_o the_o inward_a too_o acute_a either_o of_o which_o be_v very_o hurtful_a the_o last_o in_o this_o that_o its_o angle_n be_v liable_a to_o be_v cut_v off_o by_o the_o enemy_n canon_n the_o other_o in_o that_o it_o lose_v so_o much_o the_o more_o of_o its_o scour_a defence_n the_o near_a it_o come_v to_o a_o strait_a line_n 2._o the_o outward_a angle_n likewise_o have_v this_o essential_a inconvenience_n that_o the_o enemy_n draw_v near_o the_o angle_n itself_o can_v be_v hot_a within_o a_o notable_a space_n as_o we_o have_v show_v above_o which_o fault_n the_o bulwork_n be_v without_o 3._o these_o external_n angle_n do_v lessen_v the_o area_n of_o the_o place_n and_o increase_v the_o circumference_n both_o which_o be_v faulty_a 5._o angular_a have_v be_v wont_a to_o be_v use_v in_o fortify_v a_o acute_a external_a angle_n 19_o fig._n 18_o 19_o or_o a_o right_a one_o but_o not_o so_o convenient_o a_o obtuse_a one_o with_o help_n of_o these_o you_o may_v mend_v the_o second_o fault_n speak_v of_o above_o you_o must_v build_v it_o after_o this_o manner_n produce_v a_o b_o e_o b_o the_o side_n of_o the_o angle_n 8_o or_o 10_o pace_n to_o k_o and_o n_n and_o join_v k_o n_n then_o draw_v k_o e_o n_o g_o parallel_n to_o b_o a_o b_o e_o likewise_z c_z e_z d_o g_o parallel_n to_o b_o e_z and_z b_o a_o which_o
end_n of_o the_o ladle_n be_v thrust_v up_o to_o the_o britch_n end_n of_o the_o piece_n then_o must_v you_o turn_v the_o ladle_n gentle_o and_o soft_o and_o let_v it_o lie_v within_o the_o chamber_n of_o the_o piece_n draw_v out_o your_o ladle_n almost_o to_o the_o muzzle_n of_o the_o piece_n put_v it_o back_o again_o to_o take_v up_o the_o loose_a corn_n which_o be_v spill_v by_o the_o way_n and_o to_o bring_v they_o up_o to_o the_o charge_n of_o powder_n this_o do_v the_o gunner_n must_v draw_v out_o this_o ladle_n and_o take_v out_o of_o the_o budg-barrel_n a_o second_o ladle_n full_a by_o our_o former_a rule_n give_v he_o must_v know_v the_o quantity_n of_o powder_n that_o his_o piece_n will_v require_v and_o so_o put_v it_o in_o the_o piece_n up_o to_o the_o former_a ladle-full_a than_o you_o may_v draw_v it_o out_o and_o do_v as_o you_o do_v before_o that_o no_o loose_a corn_n may_v lie_v in_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o piece_n and_o in_o draw_v out_o his_o ladle_n he_o must_v 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he_o must_v cover_v the_o touchhole_n with_o a_o apron_n make_v of_o lead_n or_o for_o want_n of_o that_o with_o dry_a sheepskin_n then_o let_v he_o level_v his_o piece_n and_o set_v away_o the_o budg-barrel_n of_o powder_n with_o the_o rest_n of_o his_o thing_n in_o some_o hollow_a place_n under_o the_o ground_n cover_v over_o safe_a he_o must_v then_o attend_v the_o gentleman_n of_o the_o ordnance_n or_o other_o chief_a commander_n their_o order_n or_o command_n before_o he_o give_v fire_n touch_v the_o charge_n of_o piece_n i_o have_v give_v full_a instruction_n necessary_a thereunto_o with_o the_o weight_n of_o powder_n and_o shot_n for_o any_o piece_n but_o to_o say_v something_o here_o touch_v the_o quantity_n of_o powder_n proper_a for_o a_o load_n we_o do_v find_v some_o difference_n among_o author_n some_o whereof_o do_o maintain_v that_o there_o ought_v to_o be_v allow_v to_o every_o piece_n for_o its_o charge_n so_o much_o powder_n as_o half_o the_o weight_n of_o the_o 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make_v it_o crooked_a and_o unserviceable_a because_o your_o ordinary_a piece_n will_v not_o bear_v so_o great_a a_o charge_n of_o powder_n this_o have_v be_v try_v by_o the_o sea_n side_n before_o his_o excellency_n prince_n maurice_n of_o famous_a memory_n where_o first_o one_o and_o the_o same_o piece_n be_v load_v with_o ten_o pound_n of_o fine_a powder_n to_o see_v how_o far_o she_o will_v carry_v the_o bullet_n the_o place_n be_v mark_v where_o the_o bullet_n rest_v the_o piece_n be_v load_v again_o with_o nine_o pound_n of_o powder_n which_o shoot_v as_o far_o as_o when_o the_o piece_n be_v load_v with_o ten_o pound_n of_o powder_n but_o last_o of_o all_o this_o piece_n of_o ordnance_n be_v load_v or_o charge_v with_o 7_o pound_n of_o the_o same_o powder_n it_o carry_v her_o bullet_n further_o than_o the_o two_o former_a shot_n whence_o one_o may_v observe_v that_o a_o piece_n of_o ordnance_n may_v be_v overcharged_n and_o therefore_o a_o good_a gunner_n ought_v to_o have_v a_o singular_a care_n to_o give_v unto_o his_o piece_n her_o due_a measure_n and_o charge_n chap._n xxxi_o of_o the_o office_n and_o duty_n of_o a_o gunner_n with_o all_o his_o property_n endowment_n and_o qualification_n he_o that_o intend_v to_o be_v a_o master_n gunner_n and_o will_v not_o abuse_v himself_o nor_o other_o of_o the_o same_o profession_n must_v be_v qualify_v according_a to_o our_o instruction_n follow_v viz._n he_o ought_v to_o be_v well_o skill_v in_o arithmetic_n and_o to_o understand_v the_o extraction_n of_o the_o square_a and_o cube_n root_n and_o to_o have_v knowledge_n in_o geometry_n according_a to_o our_o instruction_n in_o the_o second_o part_n whereby_o he_o may_v be_v able_a to_o take_v height_n depth_n breadth_n and_o length_n and_o to_o draw_v the_o plot_n of_o any_o piece_n of_o ground_n to_o make_v mine_n and_o countermine_n rampart_n basket_n of_o earth_n and_o such_o like_a thing_n use_v in_o time_n of_o war_n as_o well_o offensive_a as_o defensive_a 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