and_o barbarous_a cruelty_n of_o osman_n soldier_n but_o in_o the_o year_n 1603._o abbas_n have_v obtain_v the_o crown_n of_o persia_n march_v with_o great_a expedition_n to_o tauris_n and_o what_o with_o the_o inclination_n of_o the_o citizen_n towards_o he_o by_o reason_n of_o their_o extreme_a aversion_n to_o the_o turkish_a government_n and_o the_o use_n of_o the_o cannon_n he_o bring_v with_o he_o which_o till_o that_o time_n the_o persian_n scorn_v as_o not_o become_v valiant_a man_n after_o six_o week_n siege_n take_v the_o city_n notwithstanding_o all_o the_o several_a brunt_n that_o this_o city_n undergo_v minadoi_fw-la affirm_v that_o anno_fw-la 1607._o it_o have_v six_o league_n in_o circumference_n but_o since_o that_o time_n also_o the_o calamity_n and_o ruin_n of_o war_n have_v fall_v heavy_a upon_o it_o especial_o in_o the_o year_n 1618._o wherein_o schach_n abbas_n cause_v it_o to_o be_v whole_o desert_v and_o lest_o desolate_a upon_o the_o turkish_a army_n approach_n the_o country_n about_o tebris_n may_v all_o be_v overflowed_a aderbeitzan_n the_o town_n and_o place_n of_o note_n in_o aderbeitzan_n the_o most_o eminent_a place_n near_o this_o city_n be_v 1._o salmas_n not_o far_o from_o which_o scander_n and_o joonxa_n son_n to_o cara_fw-it issuf_n defeat_v xarock_n the_o son_n of_o tamerlane_n 1._o maragag_n or_o mararga_n 3._o cuzaculan_a 4._o sancan_n 5._o sofian_n perhaps_o the_o ancient_a sofia_n sancan_n by_o the_o common_a people_n call_v sengan_n but_o by_o the_o learned_a persian_n zengian_n that_o be_v to_o say_v sigh_v of_o the_o soul_n be_v of_o old_a before_o its_o destruction_n by_o tamerlane_n and_o divers_a invasion_n by_o the_o turk_n a_o great_a city_n for_o commerce_n and_o trade_n and_o full_a of_o handsome_a building_n and_o have_v also_o another_o name_n for_o it_o receive_v this_o denomination_n of_o sencan_n from_o a_o tartarian_a king_n of_o the_o family_n of_o the_o usbechy_n who_o have_v take_v and_o demolish_v it_o put_v all_o the_o inhabitant_n to_o the_o sword_n and_o thereupon_o it_o be_v become_v at_o this_o time_n a_o little_a unwal_v town_n and_o mean_o build_v it_o lie_v on_o a_o hill_n between_o tebris_n and_o sultanie_n upon_o a_o parch_a sandy_a ground_n and_o in_o some_o place_n overgrow_v with_o low_a bramble_n half_n a_o league_n from_o the_o city_n on_o the_o right_a side_n run_v a_o ridge_n of_o the_o mountain_n taurus_n in_o the_o country_n language_n call_v keider_n peijamber_n from_o one_o of_o their_o old_a prophet_n who_o be_v say_v to_o lie_v there_o bury_v it_o extend_v from_o north_n to_o south_n as_o far_o as_o curdistan_n at_o the_o foot_n of_o this_o mountain_n lie_v a_o pleasant_a valley_n wherein_o be_v several_a village_n as_o keintze_n hazimur_fw-la and_o camal_n by_o sengan_n run_v two_o way_n northerly_a though_o the_o one_o which_o lead_v to_o tebris_n bend_v more_o westerly_a and_o the_o other_o on_o the_o right_a hand_n lead_v to_o the_o city_n ardebil_n more_o 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stately_a city_n in_o this_o country_n bend_v sultania_n build_v by_o sultan_n choda_n bend_v about_o half_a a_o league_n from_o this_o city_n on_o the_o right_a hand_n of_o the_o way_n which_o come_v from_o hamedan_n stand_v a_o large_a stone_n gate_n and_o tower_n belong_v to_o the_o city_n and_o be_v say_v to_o be_v the_o remainder_n of_o a_o old_a palace_n which_o as_o likewise_o the_o whole_a city_n be_v build_v by_o sultan_n muhammed_n chodabende_v a_o tartar_n of_o the_o family_n of_o the_o usbechy_n out_o of_o the_o ruin_n of_o the_o city_n tigranocerta_n of_o which_o tacitus_n make_v mention_n in_o several_a place_n as_o appear_v by_o the_o name_n of_o sultania_n for_o till_o after_o his_o time_n the_o king_n of_o persia_n do_v not_o entitle_v themselves_o schach_n but_o sultan_n as_o the_o turk_n do_v at_o this_o day_n as_o also_o from_o a_o inscription_n on_o his_o tomb_n yet_o to_o be_v see_v the_o field_n about_o this_o city_n as_o the_o inhabitant_n relate_v be_v former_o very_o unfruitful_a but_o king_n chodabende_v cultivate_v the_o same_o make_v it_o not_o only_o very_o fertile_a but_o also_o exceed_o pleasant_a moisten_v it_o with_o water_n which_o be_v convey_v a_o great_a way_n under_o ground_n in_o pipe_n they_o add_v moreover_o that_o the_o same_o night_n that_o the_o forementioned_a king_n die_v who_o be_v go_v about_o to_o add_v to_o the_o building_n of_o the_o city_n and_o to_o fill_v the_o same_o with_o a_o new_a supply_n of_o inhabitant_n fetch_v from_o other_o country_n the_o people_n that_o be_v then_o in_o it_o begin_v to_o leave_v it_o insomuch_o that_o in_o that_o night_n fourteen_o thousand_o woman_n march_v out_o of_o the_o same_o on_o seven_o thousand_o camel_n two_o on_o each_o camel_n nevertheless_o after_o this_o it_o flourish_v for_o some_o time_n and_o be_v daily_o increase_v in_o riches_n and_o repute_v when_o chotza_n reschid_n king_n of_o persia_n who_o josaphat_n barbaro_n call_v giausam_fw-la upon_o a_o mutiny_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n destroy_v a_o great_a part_n of_o it_o and_o not_o long_o after_o tamerlane_n complete_v the_o destruction_n thereof_o there_o remain_v a_o great_a part_n of_o the_o wall_n of_o a_o very_a strong_a and_o sumptuous_a castle_n which_o be_v also_o the_o king_n palace_n build_v of_o freestone_n with_o many_o square_a tower_n of_o which_o some_o be_v yet_o to_o be_v see_v but_o the_o only_a structure_n stand_v yet_o in_o view_n be_v two_o meschaiches_fw-fr or_o mosque_n wherein_o sultan_n mahume_v chodabende_v lie_n bury_v tomb._n the_o description_n of_o chodabende_n tomb._n the_o inscription_n on_o who_o tomb_n as_o we_o say_v before_o speak_v he_o the_o builder_n of_o sultania_n all_o thing_n about_o the_o same_o be_v exceed_v curious_a and_o above_o all_o it_o be_v three_o gate_n though_o not_o of_o copper_n as_o bizarro_n write_v yet_o of_o polish_a steel_n the_o great_a gate_n which_o be_v opposite_a to_o the_o maidan_n or_o market_n can_v as_o they_o say_v be_v open_v though_o never_o so_o many_o man_n endeavour_v it_o unless_o they_o speak_v these_o word_n beask_n aly_n buckscha_n that_o be_v be_v open_v for_o aly_n sake_n and_o then_o it_o turn_v so_o easy_o upon_o the_o hinge_n that_o a_o child_n may_v open_v it_o the_o roof_n be_v very_o high_a and_o rise_v by_o degree_n towards_o the_o middle_n into_o a_o round_a tower_n the_o wall_n be_v overlay_v with_o white_a and_o blue_a glaze_v stone_n form_v into_o several_a shape_v and_o character_n it_o have_v a_o gallery_n or_o long_o walk_v jut_v out_o like_o a_o balcony_n over_o which_o be_v certain_a repository_n where_o there_o lie_v several_a arabian_a book_n some_o a_o quarter_n of_o a_o yard_n deep_a and_o three_o quarter_n long_o the_o character_n in_o they_o be_v three_o inch_n long_o and_o every_o second_o line_n neat_o write_v with_o gold_n and_o ink_n all_o transcribe_v out_o of_o the_o alcoran_n several_a leave_n of_o one_o of_o these_o book_n come_v to_o the_o hand_n of_o olearius_n 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in_o 38_o degree_n and_o 5_o minute_n northern_a latitude_n and_o in_o 82_o degree_n and_o 30_o minute_n longitude_n thirty_o seven_o league_n westward_o from_o sultania_n on_o a_o plain_n three_o league_n over_o and_o surround_v with_o high_a hill_n the_o high_a whereof_o call_v sebelahu_n lie_v west_n ward_n and_o be_v never_o without_o snow_n but_o towards_o the_o southeast_n be_v the_o mountain_n bacru_n ardebil_n be_v somewhat_o big_a in_o circumference_n than_o schamachie_n though_o without_o wall_n each_o house_n have_v a_o orchard_n belong_v to_o it_o which_o make_v it_o seem_v rather_o a_o wood_n than_o a_o city_n yet_o there_o be_v no_o timber_n there_o fit_a for_o building_n but_o what_o be_v bring_v thither_o from_o the_o province_n of_o kilan_n through_o the_o city_n flow_v a_o little_a brook_n call_v bacuchlu_n which_o come_v out_o of_o the_o village_n schamasbu_n a_o league_n southward_o from_o the_o city_n and_o have_v over_o it_o several_a stone_n bridges_n divide_v itself_o into_o two_o branch_n just_a before_o the_o town_n the_o one_o run_v quite_o through_o and_o the_o other_o glide_v about_o by_o the_o left_a side_n fall_v into_o the_o stream_n carasu_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o abundance_n of_o snow_n which_o melt_v in_o june_n and_o run_v down_o from_o the_o mountain_n this_o brook_n swell_v into_o a_o great_a stream_n so_o that_o if_o it_o be_v not_o lead_v in_o time_n over_o a_o adjacent_a plain_n which_o be_v do_v by_o cast_v up_o a_o bank_n before_o the_o river_n it_o will_v quite_o drown_v the_o city_n as_o it_o happen_v in_o the_o time_n of_o schach_n abbas_n when_o the_o water_n break_v through_o carry_v away_o a_o great_a number_n of_o house_n and_o drown_v many_o people_n and_o cattle_n street_n the_o chief_a street_n beside_o many_o little_a street_n this_o city_n have_v five_o eminent_a one_o viz._n derwane_o tabar_n niardawar_n cambalan_n and_o cafircutze_n all_o of_o they_o pretty_a broad_a and_o plant_v with_o ash_n and_o willow_n tree_n which_o afford_v the_o inhabitant_n a_o pleasant_a shade_n in_o summer_n there_o be_v also_o a_o great_a maidan_n or_o market-place_n marketplace_n the_o marketplace_n three_o hundred_o pace_n long_o and_o half_a as_o broad_a full_a of_o shop_n on_o each_o side_n wherein_o tradesman_n of_o sundry_a vocation_n have_v their_o shop_n apart_o each_o trade_n by_o itself_o wherein_o at_o the_o entrance_n thereof_o on_o the_o right_a side_n behind_o schach_n sefi_n tomb_n be_v a_o metzid_n or_o temple_n wherein_o imam_n sade_n one_o of_o their_o twelve_o chief_a saint_n lie_v bury_v if_o a_o malefactor_n escape_v thither_o he_o be_v secure_a from_o be_v apprehend_v and_o may_v from_o thence_o immediate_o get_v to_o schach_n sefi_n tomb_n which_o be_v a_o place_n of_o great_a privilege_n behind_o the_o maidan_n be_v a_o bazar_n or_o exchange_n where_o under_o a_o high_a square_a roof_n call_v caisere_fw-la be_v sell_v all_o manner_n of_o gold_n and_o silver_n work_v precious_a stone_n rich_a silk_n and_o other_o commodity_n out_o of_o this_o place_n pass_v three_o gate_n you_o come_v to_o a_o close_a street_n where_o all_o manner_n of_o ordinary_a commodity_n be_v to_o be_v have_v at_o low_a rate_n inns._n the_o caravansera_n or_o royal_a inns._n there_o be_v likewise_o several_a caravansera_n or_o royal_a inn_n in_o which_o foreign_a merchant_n as_o turk_n tartar_n indian_n chinese_n and_o other_o lodge_n and_o put_v their_o good_n moreover_o there_o be_v many_o haman_n or_o bath_n and_o also_o metzid_v temple_n temple_n the_o big_a whereof_o be_v the_o metzid_n adine_n build_v in_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o city_n on_o a_o little_a hill_n it_o have_v a_o round_a and_o pretty_a high_a steeple_n and_o be_v much_o frequent_v on_o friday_n the_o mahometans_n sabbath_n from_o whence_o it_o have_v its_o denomination_n for_o adine_n in_o the_o persian_a tongue_n signify_v friday_n before_o the_o temple_n be_v a_o well_o which_o a_o prime_a minister_n of_o state_n call_v saru_n chotze_n otherwise_o mahume_v risa_n cause_v to_o be_v make_v and_o lead_v the_o water_n thither_o out_o of_o a_o mountain_n lie_v a_o league_n south-west_n from_o the_o city_n in_o pipe_n under_o ground_n those_o that_o go_v into_o the_o temple_n to_o pray_v first_o warn_v themselves_o in_o this_o well_o according_a to_o the_o custom_n of_o the_o mahometans_n tomb._n description_n of_o schach_n sefi_n tomb._n not_o far_o from_o the_o maidan_n be_v the_o forementioned_a stately_a tomb_n of_o schach_n sefi_n one_o of_o the_o most_o renown_a of_o the_o late_a king_n of_o persia_n the_o gate_n through_o which_o you_o must_v go_v into_o the_o first_o court_n be_v exceed_o large_a from_o the_o top_n of_o which_o hang_v a_o great_a silver_n chain_n which_o the_o chan_n of_o merraga_n be_v say_v to_o have_v offer_v with_o great_a devotion_n the_o court_n which_o be_v very_o large_a and_o pave_v with_o great_a square_a stone_n have_v on_o each_o side_n long_o and_o high_a arch_a 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and_o sleep_v room_n in_o summer_n by_o reason_n of_o their_o coolness_n and_o be_v in_o the_o country_n language_n call_v balachane_n that_o be_v a_o high_a house_n and_o this_o be_v so_o common_a and_o the_o inhabitant_n so_o use_v to_o repose_v in_o open_a room_n that_o they_o will_v incur_v great_a inconvenience_n by_o a_o more_o close_a retiredness_n the_o street_n be_v broad_a extend_v far_o in_o a_o straight_a line_n before_o the_o house_n be_v channel_n to_o receive_v and_o carry_v away_o the_o water_n which_o else_o by_o reason_n of_o their_o even_o lie_v will_v make_v they_o very_o dirty_a in_o one_o of_o which_o stand_v a_o royal_a building_n the_o chief_a gate_n whereof_o open_v into_o a_o long_a and_o spacious_a street_n upon_o one_o side_n of_o this_o palace_n may_v be_v see_v a_o square_a court_n cross_v which_o you_o come_v to_o a_o garden_n door_n into_o which_o none_o but_o grandee_n be_v permit_v to_o enter_v this_o garden_n lie_v behind_o the_o palace_n at_o the_o foot_n of_o a_o hill_n beset_v with_o tree_n and_o adorn_v with_o banquetting-house_n build_v on_o the_o same_o by_o king_n abbas_n the_o garden_n be_v one_o large_a square_n have_v in_o the_o middle_a a_o dewanchane_n or_o terrace-walk_a twice_o as_o long_o as_o broad_a open_a towards_o the_o north_n with_o a_o ascent_n of_o two_o or_o three_o step_n but_o behind_o and_o on_o the_o other_o side_n close_v up_o with_o a_o wall_n wherein_o be_v divers_a large_a window_n through_o this_o run_v a_o crystal_n stream_n bring_v from_o a_o adjacent_a spring_n opposite_a to_o the_o diwanchane_n the_o floor_n of_o this_o diwanchane_n be_v common_o cover_v with_o tapestry_n at_o the_o time_n of_o audience_n when_o any_o person_n of_o quality_n kneel_v on_o the_o same_o before_o the_o king_n mazanderan_n people_n of_o mazanderan_n the_o province_n of_o mazanderan_n be_v inhabit_v by_o several_a sort_n of_o people_n which_o be_v of_o divers_a tribe_n and_o belief_n send_v thither_o by_o king_n abbas_n after_o the_o build_n of_o ferhabad_n and_o eskerf_n particular_o georgian_n who_o in_o some_o sort_n profess_v christianity_n mahumetan_n armenian_n and_o mede_n together_o with_o some_o of_o his_o own_o subject_n where_o the_o king_n give_v every_o one_o land_n to_o till_o and_o maintain_v his_o family_n and_o encourage_v they_o to_o follow_v such_o employment_n as_o they_o have_v be_v accustom_a to_o in_o their_o own_o country_n and_o to_o that_o purpose_n accommodate_v they_o to_o their_o several_a qualification_n the_o mahometans_n be_v the_o small_a number_n and_o the_o christian_n be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n georgian_n and_o armenian_n the_o big_a who_o have_v all_o leave_n to_o build_v as_o many_o house_n or_o church_n as_o they_o please_v and_o be_v tolerate_v to_o enjoy_v their_o own_o religion_n quiet_o apparel_n their_o apparel_n all_o these_o new_a inhabitant_n of_o this_o country_n wear_v long_a breeches_n and_o short_a coat_n not_o reach_v down_o to_o their_o 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a_o peculiar_a king_n which_o pay_v tribute_n to_o the_o sophy_n but_o he_o rebel_a xa_fw-la abas_n send_v his_o general_n thither_o to_o reduce_v he_o this_o province_n be_v surround_v with_o great_a wood_n cut_v through_o by_o several_a brook_n and_o enclose_v with_o mountain_n overgrow_v with_o tree_n insomuch_o that_o della_n valla_n affirm_v that_o this_o country_n bear_v so_o great_a a_o resemblance_n with_o those_o of_o europe_n that_o he_o see_v not_o the_o like_a in_o all_o those_o part_n through_o which_o he_o travel_v soil_n nature_n of_o the_o soil_n the_o soil_n be_v very_o fruitful_a and_o use_v to_o lie_v fallow_a through_o the_o neglect_n and_o idleness_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n the_o earth_n be_v fat_a and_o morassy_a be_v encompass_v by_o the_o caspian_a sea_n and_o river_n teggine_v rude_a air._n temperature_n of_o the_o air._n the_o temperature_n of_o the_o air_n be_v much_o like_o that_o at_o rome_n viz._n in_o the_o winter_n moist_a and_o subject_a to_o tempestuous_a wether_n moreover_o they_o feel_v the_o same_o heat_n or_o cold_a there_o which_o be_v no_o great_a wonder_n because_o both_o the_o forementioned_a place_n lie_v almost_o in_o one_o and_o the_o same_o northern_a latitude_n have_v great_a and_o almost_o continual_a winter_n ra_n at_o the_o entrance_n on_o the_o south_n out_o of_o the_o territory_n of_o arack_n into_o that_o of_o mazanderan_n lie_v a_o very_a narrow_a valley_n at_o the_o foot_n of_o several_a mountain_n which_o after_o three_o league_n journey_n grow_v somewhat_o wide_o and_o be_v wash_v by_o a_o little_a brook_n this_o plain_a though_o well_o cultivate_v produce_v nothing_o but_o rice_n and_o the_o like_a do_v most_o place_n in_o this_o whole_a province_n be_v indeed_o most_o fit_a for_o that_o grain_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o abundance_n of_o water_n and_o moistness_n of_o the_o soil_n for_o rice_n require_v moisture_n or_o else_o that_o it_o be_v the_o chief_a if_o not_o only_a grain_n of_o the_o 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grace_n with_o a_o courteous_a behaviour_n and_o affability_n in_o discourse_n and_o this_o be_v the_o more_o please_a because_o according_a to_o their_o custom_n in_o which_o they_o differ_v very_o much_o from_o other_o mahometans_n they_o never_o cover_v their_o face_n nor_o shun_v the_o company_n of_o men._n both_o man_n and_o woman_n be_v hospitable_a treat_v stranger_n in_o their_o house_n with_o the_o high_a civility_n imaginable_a not_o expect_v any_o return_n yet_o refuse_v not_o any_o thing_n present_v to_o they_o for_o there_o be_v no_o inn_n or_o caravansera_n to_o give_v public_a entertainment_n but_o every_o house_n as_o we_o say_v be_v free_a to_o receive_v stranger_n wherefore_o we_o may_v just_o say_v that_o there_o be_v no_o country_n where_o the_o inhabitant_n be_v more_o hospitable_a and_o civil_a so_o that_o hyrcania_n which_o the_o ancient_n report_v to_o be_v full_a of_o tiger_n and_o other_o wild_a beast_n if_o mazanderan_n be_v comprise_v in_o the_o same_o be_v one_o of_o the_o most_o civilise_a territory_n that_o can_v be_v find_v in_o all_o asia_n and_o the_o inhabitant_n thereof_o have_v a_o suitable_a commendation_n soil_n of_o the_o soil_n the_o land_n between_o the_o city_n ferhabad_n and_o eskerf_n be_v even_o and_o plain_a on_o which_o grow_v wild_a artichoke_n parsnip_n and_o the_o like_a village_n town_n and_o village_n you_o may_v see_v here_o also_o many_o town_n and_o village_n as_o you_o travel_v from_o arack_n southward_o to_o ferhabad_n particular_o a_o village_n call_v mynikelle_n four_o league_n from_o thence_o lie_v another_o call_n d_o giru_n the_o road_n between_o both_o which_o in_o the_o winter_n be_v very_o bad_a arid_a deep_a by_o reason_n of_o the_o continual_a wetness_n of_o the_o ground_n a_o day_n journey_n far_o you_o come_v to_o tellara_n pescet_fw-la a_o large_a hamlet_n have_v on_o one_o fide_fw-la many_o disperse_a village_n and_o on_o the_o other_o a_o hilly_a country_n beyond_o these_o appear_v
journal_n ten_o thousand_o curd_n subject_n to_o the_o turk_n desert_v their_o country_n go_v and_o desire_v other_o land_n of_o schach_n abbas_n king_n of_o persia_n who_o give_v they_o a_o sufficient_a maintenance_n occasion_v a_o war_n between_o the_o turk_n and_o persian_n they_o have_v absolute_a command_n in_o some_o part_n of_o their_o territory_n as_o in_o gozire_n a_o city_n of_o mesopotamia_n build_v on_o a_o isle_n in_o the_o river_n tigris_n and_o in_o the_o mountain_n by_o the_o inhabitant_n call_v tor._n the_o inhabitant_n be_v very_o valiant_a and_o be_v look_v upon_o to_o be_v able_a to_o do_v great_a prejudice_n to_o the_o turk_n against_o who_o they_o common_o maintain_v war._n their_o arm_n be_v bow_n arrow_n shield_n and_o simiter_n religion_n their_o religion_n their_o religion_n be_v that_o of_o the_o mahometans_n either_o according_a to_o the_o turkish_a or_o persian_a way_n as_o they_o see_v convenient_a moreover_o they_o be_v strong_o incline_v to_o divers_a superstition_n which_o be_v peculiar_a to_o they_o and_o savour_n much_o of_o idolatry_n some_o affirm_v that_o they_o worship_v the_o devil_n because_o he_o shall_v not_o do_v they_o or_o their_o cattle_n any_o hurt_n many_o chaldean_a christian_n of_o the_o sect_n of_o the_o nestorian_n or_o jacobite_n live_v in_o the_o dominion_n of_o the_o curd_n and_o serve_v they_o in_o the_o war_n the_o empire_n of_o the_o great_a mogul_n and_o india_n of_o india_n in_o general_n call_v india_n why_o so_o call_v india_n be_v so_o call_v from_o the_o river_n indus_n and_o the_o word_n east_n general_o add_v to_o india_n because_o it_o be_v the_o most_o easterly_a part_n of_o asia_n and_o hence_o america_n or_o the_o new-found_a world_n have_v borrow_a the_o name_n of_o west-india_n in_o opposition_n to_o it_o bound_n it_o be_v division_n extent_n and_o bound_n ptolemy_n affirm_v that_o ancient_o and_o to_o this_o day_n india_n be_v divide_v into_o two_o great_a part_n whereof_o one_o which_o extend_v from_o the_o river_n indus_n to_o ganges_n be_v by_o the_o persian_n call_v indostan_n that_o be_v the_o country_n of_o indus_n and_o by_o the_o greek_a and_o latin_a writer_n india_n intra_fw-la gangem_fw-la or_o india_n within_o ganges_n the_o other_o part_n be_v call_v mangi_n or_o india_n extra_fw-la gangem_fw-la or_o without_o ganges_n the_o first_o comprehend_v all_o the_o country_n under_o the_o great_a mogul_n jurisdiction_n as_o also_o the_o kingdom_n of_o narsinga_n or_o bisnagar_n kannara_n orixa_n the_o coast_n of_o cormandel_n and_o malabar_n the_o kingdom_n of_o golconda_n and_o many_o other_o the_o second_o part_n without_o ganges_n contain_v the_o kingdom_n of_o bengala_n arracan_a pegu_n siam_n malacca_n cambaya_n champa_n or_o tzampa_n lao_n cochinchina_n beside_o many_o lesser_a and_o last_o the_o vast_a empire_n of_o china_n both_o these_o part_n also_o comprehend_v divers_a island_n among_o which_o japan_n if_o so_o it_o be_v be_v the_o most_o eastern_a as_o also_o the_o most_o eminent_a this_o whole_a vast_a country_n according_a to_o the_o ancient_a and_o modern_a writer_n conterminate_v on_o the_o west_n with_o the_o river_n indus_n the_o country_n of_o arachosia_n and_o gedrosia_n on_o the_o south_n with_o the_o indian_a sea_n on_o the_o east_n with_o the_o eastern_a shore_n and_o on_o the_o north_n with_o some_o branch_n of_o mount_n taurus_n or_o imaus_n a_o part_n of_o taurus_n texeira_n tell_v we_o that_o india_n begin_v at_o the_o end_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o macran_n circuit_n the_o largeness_n of_o its_o circuit_n lie_v in_o 106_o degree_n of_o longitude_n and_o extend_v to_o 159_o from_o east_n to_o west_n a_o degree_n be_v reckon_v to_o be_v fifteen_o league_n a_o tract_n of_o eight_o hundred_o league_n in_o a_o direct_a line_n india_n also_o extend_v from_o north_n to_o south_n from_o the_o equinox_n to_o the_o cape_n of_o malacca_n almost_o to_o the_o 40._o degree_n the_o utmost_a part_n of_o china_n a_o tract_n of_o about_o six_o hundred_o league_n not_o reckon_v the_o indian_a isle_n some_o of_o which_o lie_v a_o great_a way_n to_o the_o southward_n of_o the_o equinoctial_a the_o most_o eminent_a river_n of_o india_n be_v the_o indus_n and_o ganges_n rivers_n rivers_n which_o come_v from_o the_o northward_o out_o of_o the_o mountain_n imaus_n and_o caucasus_n by_o the_o inhabitant_n according_a to_o castaldus_n call_v dalanguer_n and_o nangracot_n and_o both_o as_o the_o inhabitant_n affirm_v spring_v from_o one_o head_n though_o some_o geographer_n make_v the_o distance_n between_o they_o to_o be_v a_o hundred_o and_o eighty_o league_n and_o other_o but_o a_o hundred_o and_o thirty_o though_o the_o first_o seem_v most_o probable_a because_o the_o ganges_n take_v its_o course_n easterly_n and_o the_o indus_n westerly_n philostratus_n place_n the_o head_n of_o the_o river_n indus_n in_o mount_n caucasus_n and_o make_v the_o same_o in_o some_o place_n to_o be_v a_o league_n and_o a_o half_a broad_a and_o transplant_n abundance_n of_o soil_n along_o with_o it_o which_o like_o the_o nile_n in_o egypt_n make_v the_o adjacent_a ground_n exceed_v fertile_a magni_fw-la mogolis_n imperium_fw-la indus_n the_o course_n of_o the_o river_n indus_n the_o indus_n or_o send_v thus_o enrich_v with_o the_o water_n of_o other_o river_n take_v its_o course_n southward_o through_o the_o province_n of_o attack_z backor_n and_o tatta_n and_o near_o the_o city_n dull_a which_o give_v its_o denomination_n to_o the_o same_o it_o discharge_v its_o water_n through_o two_o mouth_n into_o the_o ocean_n and_o not_o through_o seven_o as_o texeira_n affirm_v these_o open_n be_v in_o 23_o degree_n and_o 35_o minute_n northern_a latitude_n most_o map_n and_o many_o geographer_n be_v great_o mistake_v in_o place_v this_o river_n as_o if_o it_o fall_v into_o the_o sea_n near_o the_o utmost_a point_n of_o the_o gulf_n of_o cambaya_n but_o this_o be_v a_o great_a error_n and_o as_o wide_o from_o the_o truth_n as_o the_o whole_a country_n of_o zuratte_n be_v broad_a for_o the_o indus_n run_v not_o from_o the_o east_n to_o zuratte_n as_o it_o shall_v do_v if_o it_o disembogue_v at_o cambaya_n but_o the_o river_n which_o discharge_v its_o water_n into_o the_o bay_n of_o cambaya_n be_v another_o call_v mehi_n the_o river_n indus_n have_v divers_a isle_n especial_o near_o its_o mouth_n which_o be_v very_o pleasant_a and_o fruitful_a and_o one_o city_n name_v varaxes_n pliny_n affirm_v that_o nineteen_o river_n contribute_v their_o water_n to_o the_o indus_n the_o chief_a whereof_o be_v the_o hydaspes_n now_o call_v moltan_n which_o receive_v four_o other_o lesser_a stream_n the_o catabra_fw-la the_o hypasis_n and_o acesina_n ganges_n the_o course_n of_o the_o river_n ganges_n the_o river_n ganges_n now_o call_v gangia_n arise_v from_o mount_n caucasus_n and_o bend_v its_o course_n to_o the_o south_n through_o or_o between_o the_o rock_n of_o the_o province_n of_o siba_n and_o soon_o after_o become_v very_o broad_a then_o proceed_v on_o its_o course_n southward_o it_o receive_v by_o the_o way_n the_o water_n of_o thirty_o river_n as_o ananias_n say_v or_o according_a to_o pliny_n ninety_o so_o that_o it_o swell_v exceed_o and_o spread_v above_o four_o mile_n in_o breadth_n yet_o not_o above_o eight_o fathom_v deep_a and_o at_o last_o after_o a_o long_a course_n fall_v through_o many_o mouth_n into_o the_o sea_n the_o chief_a whereof_o and_o most_o westerly_a be_v satigan_n or_o satiguam_fw-la so_o call_v from_o a_o city_n of_o that_o name_n build_v on_o its_o bank_n a_o seaport_n town_n where_o the_o portuguese_n use_v to_o drive_v a_o great_a trade_n the_o other_o be_v the_o most_o easterly_a be_v also_o near_o a_o famous_a sea-harbor_n and_o be_v call_v chatigan_n both_o which_o be_v under_o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o bengala_n the_o ganges_n at_o last_o discharge_v its_o water_n through_o two_o note_a mouth_n into_o the_o bay_n of_o bengala_n these_o mouth_n ptolemy_n place_v in_o the_o eighteen_o and_o nineteenth_o degree_n of_o northern_a latitude_n but_o barros_n and_o linschot_n set_v they_o in_o twenty_o two_o or_o twenty_o two_o degree_n and_o a_o half_a why_o account_v holy_a and_o why_o those_o of_o bengala_n as_o the_o same_o linschot_n write_v affirm_v the_o head_n of_o ganges_n to_o be_v in_o the_o terrestrial_a paradise_n and_o therefore_o account_v the_o water_n thereof_o holy_a and_o for_o that_o cause_n the_o benjan_o and_o other_o indian_a heathen_n go_v thither_o in_o pilgrimage_n to_o bathe_v themselves_o and_o to_o drink_v of_o it_o and_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o bengala_n lie_v on_o their_o deathbed_n cause_n themselves_o to_o be_v throw_v into_o the_o say_a river_n or_o at_o least_o to_o have_v their_o foot_n dip_v in_o a_o pint_n of_o water_n a_o thing_n very_o remarkable_a of_o the_o ganges_n water_n light_a than_o other_o water_n be_v not_o above_o half_a so_o heavy_a as_o that_o of_o
river_n of_o indus_n and_o ganges_n which_o with_o their_o branch_n water_v the_o whole_a country_n like_o a_o garden_n beside_o many_o other_o river_n which_o make_v this_o country_n exceed_v fertile_a the_o tract_n of_o land_n from_o surat_n to_o brampore_o be_v exceed_o pleasant_a and_o full_a of_o rivulet_n and_o spring_n but_o the_o way_n from_o brampore_o to_o agra_n be_v mountainous_a and_o troublesome_a for_o the_o camel_n to_o travel_v yet_o it_o be_v free_a from_o robber_n the_o country_n afford_v good_a wheat_n rice_n and_o barley_n beside_o many_o other_o sort_n of_o grain_n and_o breadcorn_n which_o may_v be_v buy_v at_o easy_a rate_n of_o the_o wheat_n which_o be_v full_a and_o white_a than_o the_o european_a the_o inhabitant_n bake_v good_a and_o savoury_a bread_n upon_o the_o lid_n of_o a_o pot_n which_o hang_v over_o the_o fire_n the_o country_n be_v beautify_v with_o many_o wood_n orchard_n and_o garden_n yet_o nevertheless_o in_o this_o vast_a tract_n of_o land_n be_v many_o place_n which_o be_v nothing_o but_o sulphureous_a and_o unfruitfut_o mountain_n and_o therefore_o uncultivated_a and_o desolate_a from_o cambay_v to_o lahor_n be_v sandy_a barren_a and_o unfrequented_a desert_n but_o twenty_o league_n on_o this_o side_n of_o lahor_n the_o ground_n be_v fruitful_a and_o fat_a there_o be_v very_o few_o spring_n or_o rivulet_n in_o all_o this_o way_n and_o nought_o but_o dry_a sand_n which_o be_v often_o raise_v by_o impetuous_a wind_n up_o into_o the_o air_n blow_v into_o traveller_n eye_n and_o be_v ready_a to_o smother_v they_o partly_o by_o reason_n of_o these_o great_a wilderness_n where_o there_o be_v no_o provision_n nor_o water_n to_o be_v have_v for_o fear_v of_o rob_v most_o people_n in_o india_n travel_v in_o great_a company_n which_o the_o arabian_n call_v caravan_n and_o the_o persian_n cafila_n sometime_o to_o the_o number_n of_o four_o or_o five_o thousand_o people_n caravan_n in_o the_o arabic_a signify_v proper_o a_o company_n of_o traveller_n out_o of_o the_o whole_a caravan_n they_o choose_v a_o guide_n who_o when_o it_o be_v time_n to_o proceed_v forward_o on_o their_o journey_n beat_v three_o time_n upon_o a_o drum_n at_o the_o first_o beat_v they_o put_v up_o all_o the_o tent_n under_o which_o they_o sleep_v in_o the_o night_n at_o the_o second_o beat_v they_o prepare_v their_o camel_n and_o wagon_n and_o at_o the_o three_o they_o set_v forward_o when_o they_o travel_v in_o the_o night_n to_o prevent_v all_o person_n from_o go_v astray_o they_o give_v notice_n by_o beat_v on_o drum_n when_o they_o shall_v stand_v still_o as_o also_o when_o they_o meet_v with_o any_o water-pit_n by_o the_o way_n which_o sometime_o be_v dig_v above_o forty_o cubit_n deep_a out_o of_o which_o they_o draw_v the_o water_n with_o oxen._n part_n indostan_n supply_v with_o elephant_n and_o horse_n from_o other_o part_n there_o be_v many_o elephant_n in_o the_o mogul_n dominion_n which_o be_v use_v in_o war_n and_o for_o other_o occasion_n of_o the_o king_n and_o the_o nobility_n they_o also_o serve_v they_o for_o carriage_n in_o stead_n of_o camel_n of_o which_o there_o be_v but_o few_o and_o though_o the_o elephant_n do_v not_o breed_v here_o yet_o they_o be_v bring_v hither_o in_o great_a number_n from_o the_o kingdom_n of_o bengala_n and_o siam_n and_o from_o the_o island_n of_o zeilan_n there_o be_v also_o few_o horse_n or_o mule_n here_o but_o what_o be_v bring_v from_o persia_n and_o arabia_n those_o horse_n that_o breed_v here_o be_v small_a and_o well-trussed_a like_o those_o of_o norway_n fit_a to_o carry_v load_v like_o the_o ass_n of_o which_o there_o be_v great_a number_n in_o the_o country_n there_o also_o many_o buffalo_n which_o be_v put_v to_o very_o hard_a work_n their_o flesh_n be_v not_o edible_a but_o their_o milk_n be_v account_v very_o wholesome_a especial_o for_o sick_a people_n entertainment_n caravansera_n or_o house_n of_o entertainment_n in_o the_o country_n of_o indostan_n and_o surat_n be_v no_o inn_n to_o entertain_v traveller_n only_o in_o the_o great_a and_o chief_a town_n and_o in_o some_o village_n be_v uninhabited_a house_n in_o the_o arabic_a call_v caravansera_n that_o be_v caravan-house_n otherwise_o serray_v or_o sarraas_n which_o be_v whole_a street_n and_o ward_n appoint_v for_o strange_a merchant_n and_o other_o traveller_n who_o take_v up_o what_o room_n they_o please_v and_o put_v lock_n upon_o they_o each_o caravansera_n have_v a_o backal_n or_o porter_n who_o at_o set_a time_n every_o evening_n lock_v up_o the_o outward_a gate_n which_o be_v not_o open_v till_o the_o sun_n rise_v this_o porter_n also_o keep_v a_o cook_n shop_n where_o traveller_n may_v either_o have_v meat_n ready_a dress_v or_o dress_v it_o themselves_o when_o they_o set_v forward_o on_o their_o journey_n again_o and_o leave_v the_o town_n they_o pay_v a_o jeckas_n of_o copper_n for_o a_o beast_n to_o carry_v their_o good_n beside_o their_o diet._n but_o in_o the_o caravansera_n which_o be_v build_v in_o the_o country_n they_o need_v not_o give_v any_o thing_n for_o their_o lodging_n whilst_o the_o have_v their_o meat_n from_o the_o porter_n but_o these_o word_n salome_n alecun_fw-fr peace_n be_v with_o you_o these_o serray_v or_o caravanser_n as_o be_v build_v by_o some_o eminent_a people_n out_o of_o charity_n for_o the_o accommodation_n of_o stranger_n rich_a idostan_n very_o rich_a hindostan_n possess_v great_a quantity_n of_o gold_n and_o silver_n notwithstanding_o it_o have_v neither_o gold_n nor_o silver_n mine_n but_o be_v all_o bring_v thither_o by_o stranger_n never_o return_v out_o again_o for_o they_o melt_v down_o the_o european_a or_o foreign_a coin_n and_o recoin_v they_o with_o the_o mogul_n stamp_n moreover_o all_o ship_n as_o well_o indian_n as_o english_a portugese_n and_o hollander_n which_o carry_v commodity_n yearly_a from_o hindostan_n to_o pegu_n tanasseri_fw-la siam_n zeilan_n achem_n maoassar_n maldives_n and_o other_o place_n carry_v also_o much_o gold_n and_o silver_n back_o to_o hindostan_n the_o hollander_n also_o carry_v great_a quantity_n of_o silver_n thither_o from_o japan_n last_o for_o all_o the_o gold_n and_o silver_n which_o be_v transport_v thither_o from_o england_n holland_n and_o portugal_n nothing_o come_v in_o return_n thereof_o from_o thence_o but_o commodity_n the_o money_n be_v all_o keep_v in_o the_o country_n they_o have_v no_o pepper_n copper_n clove_n nutmeg_n cinnamon_n lead_v cloth_n nor_o several_a other_o commodity_n but_o what_o be_v bring_v from_o japan_n the_o molucco_n island_n zeilan_n and_o europe_n moreover_o hindostan_n be_v destitute_a of_o fruit_n which_o be_v carry_v thither_o from_o samarcand_n balk_v bocara_n and_o persia_n as_o almond_n apple_n pear_n grape_n raisin_n which_o be_v sell_v all_o the_o winter_n long_o at_o de_o though_o very_o dear_a they_o have_v also_o from_o the_o forementioned_a place_n several_a sort_n of_o dry_a fruit_n as_o almond_n pistachioe_n nut_n plum_n apricock_n raisin_n etc._n etc._n there_o be_v also_o little_a sea-cockle_n take_v near_o the_o island_n of_o maldivia_n which_o in_o bengala_n and_o other_o place_n go_v current_o for_o small_a money_n they_o have_v also_o ambergris_n from_o the_o same_o island_n and_o from_o mozambick_a and_o likewise_o rhinocerot_v horn_n elephant_n tooth_n ethiopian_a slave_n musk_n porcelain_n pearl_n beside_o many_o other_o commodity_n sail_v the_o indian_n manner_n of_o sail_v texeira_n affirm_v that_o the_o mogul_n ship_n carry_v great_a burden_n than_o those_o of_o europe_n and_o may_v be_v compare_v to_o those_o galleon_n of_o the_o grand_a signior_n which_o go_v from_o constantinople_n to_o alexandria_n but_o be_v build_v after_o another_o fashion_n they_o use_v neither_o the_o compass_n nor_o quadrant_n but_o sail_v from_o india_n to_o persia_n bassora_n mocha_n mozambick_a mombas_n sumatra_n macassar_n and_o other_o place_n only_o by_o the_o help_n of_o the_o north-star_n and_o the_o rise_n and_o set_v of_o the_o sun_n indostan_n the_o inhabitant_n of_o indostan_n there_o be_v divers_a sort_n of_o people_n in_o the_o great_a mogul_n dominion_n the_o chief_a and_o most_o numerous_a whereof_o be_v the_o native_n be_v heathen_n or_o idolater_n and_o next_o they_o the_o moor_n otherwise_o call_v mahumetan_n from_o mahomet_n the_o instituter_n of_o their_o religion_n also_o mogul_n or_o mogolleans_n from_o the_o tartar_n tribe_n mogol_n from_o which_o the_o real_a mogolleans_n be_v derive_v for_o not_o all_o those_o which_o at_o this_o day_n bear_v the_o name_n of_o mogul_n be_v extract_v from_o the_o tartar_n mogul_n but_o also_o those_o be_v call_v mogul_n who_o though_o mahumetan_n be_v in_o the_o mogul_n service_n notwithstanding_o they_o be_v turk_n persian_n or_o arabian_n but_o there_o be_v general_o a_o hundred_o heathen_n to_o one_o mahometan_a the_o inhabitant_n of_o indostan_n be_v ancient_o all_o heathen_n and_o be_v general_o call_v hindoe_n or_o hindous_a but_o
especial_o near_o sandaye_n where_o the_o fruit_n call_v mangas_n and_o sugarcane_n grow_v in_o such_o abundance_n that_o they_o give_v they_o to_o their_o horse_n in_o stead_n of_o hay_n sheep_n be_v here_o in_o incredible_a number_n who_o wool_n be_v like_o the_o spanish_a be_v by_o the_o inhabitant_n use_v to_o make_v cloth_n the_o wood_n abound_v with_o elephant_n lion_n tiger_n ape_n and_o other_o beast_n there_o be_v inn_n in_o most_o place_n where_o horse_n camel_n and_o other_o beast_n be_v set_v up_o and_o feed_v at_o the_o expense_n of_o the_o public_a without_o any_o charge_n to_o the_o traveller_n in_o the_o city_n of_o gorra_n be_v keep_v four_o public_a school_n the_o bulloit_n be_v former_o a_o deceitful_a and_o cruel_a people_n at_o this_o day_n they_o retain_v that_o barbarous_a custom_n of_o burn_v the_o woman_n alive_a after_o their_o husband_n decease_n but_o if_o any_o woman_n refuse_v thus_o brutish_o to_o sacrifice_v herself_o they_o then_o cause_v her_o hair_n to_o be_v cut_v off_o and_o clothe_v she_o in_o black_a and_o she_o be_v ever_o after_o account_v so_o ignominious_a and_o dishonourable_a that_o not_o the_o mean_a person_n will_v vouchsafe_v to_o assist_v or_o visit_v she_o in_o sandaye_n be_v great_a store_n of_o wool_n and_o cotton_n with_o abundance_n of_o sword_n lance_n and_o o_o her_o weapon_n many_o merchant_n have_v likewise_o recourse_n to_o this_o city_n as_o benjan_o mesulipatans_n and_o great_a caravan_n come_v to_o barrandon_n where_o be_v sell_v all_o sort_n of_o arm_n hat_n make_v of_o wool_n and_o elephant_n tooth_n the_o province_n of_o the_o hendowns_n or_o hindous_a the_o country_n of_o the_o hendowns_n or_o hindous_a have_v on_o the_o one_o side_n the_o kingdom_n of_o agra_n or_o indostan_n where_o it_o be_v separate_v by_o the_o river_n paddar_n which_o also_o divide_v the_o country_n zurratte_n and_o discharge_v itself_o into_o the_o persian_a gulf_n on_o the_o north_n it_o conterminate_v with_o the_o kingdom_n of_o multan_n or_o as_o other_o affirm_v they_o inhabit_v the_o northern_a part_n of_o asmeer_n and_o those_o part_n that_o lie_v next_o to_o multan_n they_o be_v also_o spread_v through_o all_o surratte_n and_o be_v employ_v as_o soldier_n to_o garrison_n town_n and_o fortress_n they_o be_v stout_a and_o undaunted_a people_n and_o not_o inferior_a to_o the_o raspoute_n and_o patanne_n the_o metropolis_n according_a to_o daviti_n be_v hendowne_o which_o bear_v the_o same_o denomination_n with_o the_o whole_a country_n the_o next_o town_n be_v rimala_n and_o the_o great_a city_n mearta_n then_o follow_v towri_n and_o about_o twenty_o two_o league_n from_o thence_o the_o city_n geissemer_n seat_v in_o a_o very_a delightful_a place_n the_o country_n yield_v plenty_n of_o corn_n cotton_n fodder_n for_o beast_n and_o abound_v with_o sheep_n and_o fowl_n the_o inhabitant_n be_v general_o great_a robber_n they_o dress_v and_o eat_v their_o meat_n in_o a_o round_a spot_n of_o ground_n into_o which_o while_o they_o be_v about_o prepare_v and_o eat_v their_o food_n they_o suffer_v no_o other_o person_n to_o come_v the_o woman_n from_o their_o infancy_n wear_v little_a silver_n copper_n and_o iron_n chain_n about_o their_o leg_n and_o pendant_n in_o their_o ear_n in_o which_o they_o make_v hole_n as_o big_a as_o they_o may_v easy_o thrust_v their_o finger_n through_o and_o armlet_n from_o their_o wrist_n up_o to_o their_o elbow_n in_o mearta_n be_v weekly_o keep_v seven_o market_n where_o they_o drive_v a_o great_a trade_n in_o indigo_n callico_n and_o woollen_a cloth_n as_o also_o at_o gasmeer_n moreover_o the_o hindous_a though_o abstract_v from_o heathen_n eat_v all_o sort_n of_o meat_n both_o flesh_n and_o fish_n except_o that_o of_o a_o ox_n or_o cow_n when_o they_o pray_v they_o strip_v themselves_o stark_o naked_a and_o maintain_v a_o doctrine_n different_a from_o the_o benjan_o the_o province_n of_o sanbat_n or_o sanbal_n and_o bakar_n the_o province_n of_o sanbat_n or_o sanbal_n or_o sanbe_n border_n on_o the_o north_n at_o bakar_n on_o the_o west_n at_o that_o of_o agra_n and_o be_v separate_v on_o the_o south_n by_o the_o river_n jemni_n from_o the_o province_n of_o narvar_n some_o as_o herbert_z call_v this_o province_n doab_n that_o be_v between_o the_o water_n or_o stream_n for_o abbess_n in_o the_o persian_a tongue_n signify_v water_n and_o do_v between_o it_o lie_v triangular_a and_o be_v encompass_v by_o the_o stream_n ganges_n and_o jemni_n which_o make_v the_o country_n very_o fruitful_a and_o it_o be_v ancient_o mighty_a populous_a the_o metropolie_n be_v also_o call_v sanbat_n in_o this_o province_n twenty_o five_o league_n from_o the_o city_n agra_n near_o the_o place_n where_o the_o jemni_n fall_v into_o the_o ganges_n lie_v a_o stately_a palace_n now_o call_v helabassa_n but_o former_o pray_v and_o found_v by_o the_o rajas_n of_o that_o place_n in_o testimony_n of_o their_o subjection_n to_o ecbar_v when_o they_o submit_v themselves_o to_o his_o jurisdiction_n the_o most_o remarkable_a thing_n near_o this_o palace_n be_v a_o large_a and_o dark_a valley_n wherein_o be_v keep_v as_o precious_a relic_n some_o image_n which_o the_o inhabitant_n affirm_v to_o be_v of_o adam_n eve_n seth_n enoch_n methusalem_n and_o other_o which_o as_o they_o relate_v live_v in_o this_o place_n great_a company_n of_o benjan_o come_v daily_o hither_o from_o all_o part_n to_o bless_v themselves_o here_o and_o purify_v or_o wash_v themselves_o from_o all_o their_o sin_n in_o the_o river_n ganges_n which_o they_o account_v holy_a they_o shave_v off_o all_o their_o hair_n and_o ease_v themselves_o thereof_o as_o a_o unclean_a and_o unnecessary_a burden_n and_o promise_v to_o themselves_o great_a benefit_n by_o the_o loss_n thereof_o the_o palace_n be_v surround_v with_o a_o treble_a wall_n whereof_o the_o first_o be_v of_o square_a red_a stone_n the_o second_o of_o white_a and_o comprehend_v a_o obelisk_n of_o seventy_o two_o foot_n high_a erect_v by_o alexander_n the_o great_a the_o king_n spend_v above_o twelve_o hundred_o thousand_o ropias_n to_o build_v this_o palace_n of_o which_o the_o king_n of_o patan_n have_v often_o endeavour_v to_o make_v themselves_o master_n because_o of_o the_o conveniency_n of_o the_o river_n which_o be_v so_o near_o it_o there_o be_v also_o a_o sanctify_a tree_n which_o the_o king_n of_o patan_n have_v endeavour_v to_o root_v out_o but_o can_v never_o attain_v to_o it_o near_a helabas_n be_v a_o magnificent_a tomb_n which_o king_n sanghir_n build_v in_o honour_n to_o his_o first_o wife_n the_o raja_n maminseng_n daughter_n who_o poison_v herself_o when_o she_o hear_v of_o her_o son_n sultan_n gosrou_n insurrection_n the_o territory_n of_o bakar_n border_n on_o the_o west_n at_o the_o stream_n ganges_n on_o the_o south_n at_o sanbal_n on_o the_o west_n at_o nagrakat_n and_o have_v bikaneer_v or_o bikameer_n for_o its_o metropolis_n the_o province_n of_o nagrakat_n the_o province_n of_o nagrakat_n or_o nakercut_n border_n westward_o at_o that_o of_o bakar_n and_o at_o the_o stream_n ganges_n it_o be_v a_o mountainous_a country_n and_o the_o utmost_a to_o the_o northward_o of_o the_o mogul_n jurisdiction_n the_o metropolis_n call_v also_o nagrakat_n be_v adorn_v with_o a_o splendid_a chapel_n for_o the_o ceiling_n and_o floor_n be_v in-layed_a with_o plate_n of_o silver_n in_o divers_a form_n which_o be_v continual_o keep_v scour_v it_o be_v build_v in_o honour_n of_o a_o idol_n they_o call_v matta_n which_o be_v erect_v in_o this_o chapel_n whither_o the_o indian_n repair_v to_o their_o devotion_n and_o out_o of_o zeal_n often_o cut_v a_o piece_n of_o their_o tongue_n off_o as_o an_z offering_z to_o the_o idol_n in_o this_o province_n be_v another_o eminent_a holy_a place_n build_v on_o a_o rock_n and_o call_v jallamakee_n where_o from_o the_o cold_a spring_n which_o run_v out_o from_o between_o the_o rock_n be_v daily_o see_v to_o arise_v flash_n of_o fire_n to_o which_o the_o idolater_n kneel_v down_o and_o worship_n the_o province_n of_o siba_n kakares_n and_o gor._n the_o province_n of_o siba_n lie_v to_o the_o northward_o of_o nagrakat_n and_o be_v divide_v by_o the_o river_n ganges_n from_o north_n to_o south_n the_o metropolis_n call_v hardware_n be_v seat_v near_o the_o ganges_n which_o glide_v thereabouts_o through_o great_a rock_n soon_o after_o make_v a_o large_a river_n the_o most_o eminent_a rock_n through_o which_o the_o ganges_n take_v its_o course_n have_v according_a to_o the_o supposition_n of_o the_o superstitious_a heathen_n the_o form_n or_o shape_n of_o a_o cow_n head_n and_o they_o come_v hither_o daily_o in_o great_a number_n to_o wash_v themselves_o for_o they_o ascribe_v a_o certain_a divine_a power_n to_o the_o water_n especial_o of_o the_o ganges_n the_o territory_n of_o kakares_n lie_v northward_o beyond_o that_o of_o siba_n and_o be_v separate_v from_o tartary_n by_o the_o caucasian_n mountain_n