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ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A05312	An herbal for the Bible Containing a plaine and familiar exposition of such similitudes, parables, and metaphors, both in the olde Testament and the newe, as are borrowed and taken from herbs, plants, trees, fruits and simples, by obseruation of their vertues, qualities, natures, properties, operations, and effects: and by the holie prophets, sacred writers, Christ himselfe, and his blessed Apostles vsually alledged, and into their heauenly oracles, for the better beautifieng and plainer opening of the same, profitably inserted. Drawen into English by Thomas Newton.; Herbarum atque arborum quæ in Bibliis passim obviæ sunt. English	Lemnius, Levinus, 1505-1568.; Newton, Thomas, 1542?-1607.	1587 (1587)	STC 15454; ESTC S108475	134,297	304

all manner of weedes whatsoeuer comprehended and contained vnder the same Virgil approouing the same where he saith Dame Ceres taught how first to till The land for mans auaile When acornes wildings berries fruits In Dodon gan to faile And how by toile of husbandrie Ech danger to preuent Least blasting should the crop destroy Or with annoiance teint Or Thistels ouergrow the same For where such things remaine The corne decaies and goes to wracke And yeelds but slender gaine Sometimes there sproutes abundant store of baggage noisome weeds Burres Brembles Darnel Cockle Drawke Wilde Otes and choaking seedes Ouid also mentioning these foresaide annoyances willeth diligent care and husbandrie to be vsed for the extirping weeding and banishing of them out of arable groundes and fieldes emploied to tillage In respect of the nature and qualitie of these noisome weedes which choake vp the good corne and spoile fruitfull fieldes our Sauiour Christ taketh occasion thereby to signifie and paint out aswell dangerous hurtfull pernicious corrupt and vnsincere doctrine as also the wicked authors and setters foorth of the same who through the instigation of sathan with their pestilent gloses and suttle expositions infect and poyson the mindes and consciences of men and corrupt the pure word of the Gospel by obtruding of falsehoode in steed of truth and doting dreames in place of sindere doctrine lewdly prophaning the sound word of God and infecting the foode whereon our soules should feede Which perillous and wicked persons although the Lord willeth charitably for some while to be tolerated and borne with all in hope of amendement and repentance after due admonition yet doth he not forbid as Chrysostome saith but that the conuenticles of heretikes shoulde and ought to bee put downe their mouthes stopped and their impudencie of speech inhibited To the same end and purpose also tendeth that sentence of the apostle Paule vnto Titus A man that is an heretike that is one that wilfully and maliciously maintaineth false doctrine and erronious opinions After once or twice admonition auoide knowing that he which is such an one is peruerted and sinneth being damned of his owne selfe bicause hee wilfully perisheth through his owne folly and fault in that he being admonished per●isteth still in his obstinacie and error And although Christ would not that the Tares and Cockle should be plucked vp yet for due punishment doth he subiect and teferre to the authoritie of the magistrate all those that be factious disturbers of the peace and tranquillitie both of the Church and Common wealth The 47. Chapter Of Rosemarie ROsemarie called 〈◊〉 notis for that it yeeldeth foorth a soote smell like to Frankincense was vsed of the Iewes as Hysope in their ceremoniall purifications Sacrifices and sprinklings It is commonly growing in euery garden hauing a wooddish stemme with many small 〈◊〉 ches and slender boughes of the like hard and wooddie substance bearing great store of small long and thick set leaues white 〈◊〉 the side next the ground and greene aboue The flowers whitish mixt with a litle blew of a strong and pleasant smell and full of a certaine oilie iuice so that being distilled the oile wil appeere swimming on the top of the water And this same is a soueraigne helpe and of great effect for them that haue the Palsie and Apoplexie annointing therewith the nucha or nape of their necke The smel of this Plant greatly comforteth the braine memorie and inward senses refresheth all the vitall powers is of excellent vertue in curing the Iaundice and not a little recreateth and cheereth both the hart and mind of man It is good also against the falling sicknes the sauour or smell thereof preserueth from the plague and is a verie excellent perfume to burne in houses to driue away infectious and contagious smels There is made also of the flowers thereof a noble medicine or Conserue which hath very great vertue to comfort this braine being pestered or surcharged with superfluitie of humors it woonderfully restoreth 〈◊〉 morie being decaied and is of no lesse efficacie to keepe a man or woman from the ●alling sicknes Apoplexie Palsie Crampe dazeling eies and dim sight And as the Iewes offered the sweete perfume of Incense and in their rites and ceremonies vsed this Herbe so let vs Christians now in the time of the Gospell wherein all such shadows are vanished offer vp our pure and feruent praiers vnto God through an assured faith in his Christ which seruice and sacrifice is far more acceptable to him than all materiall Incense Suffiments or Perfumes in the world And yet is there nothing to the contrary but that we may adorne and straw our churches with sweete smels and comfortable greene herbs for the comforting of our senses so that all maner of superstition therein be vtterly and flatly secluded and no mite of any holines therein reposed For these and such like indifferent and Adiaphorall things ought none otherwise to be vsed than for decencie and tollerable delectation to recreate the spirits of the people withall So did Christ accept and gratiously receiue the gratefull harts of the willing Children loiall people which with such cheerfull acclamations testified their ioy for his comming and by strawing the boughes of Palmes and branches of other trees in the way made apparant their inward affections and the vnfained loue which they bare towards him The 48. Chapter Of the Almond tree whereof there is often mention made in the Scriptures namely in the last Chapter of the Preacher THe Almond tree hath a great strong high bodie otherwise not much vnlike to the Peach tree sauing that his leaues bee bigger and his flower white The fruit of the Peach is round pulpie succulent sauourie well relished winish-tasted carrieng a foft mossie downe on the vtter side of the pill or rinde and within a hard rugged nut but the Almond nut is smoother and nothing so rugged and hoalie as is the Peach The rinde or shell of the Almond is not at all to be eaten but is couered ouer with a small thinne filme or skin and hath within it the kernell which is sometime bitter and sometime sweete The bitter being eaten fasting keepe a man or woman from being easily droonken through the heate and drie nature which is in them Whereby they dispatch the moistnes and fumes of wine and stoppe the same from striking vp into the braine And by reason of their bitternesse also for that they be of a cutting and extenuating qualitie they do open the obstructions of all the inward parts that is to say they clense the liuer milt and kidneies from all corrupt and grosse humours they prouoke vrine and be excellent good against the grauell and stone as the Peach kernels also be They be likewise abstersiue and cleanse the face and vtter skinne from all spots pimples and lentils And for that all hote and drie things be mortiferous and

of great height doe many times oppresse and hinder the growth and encrease of low shrubs growing vnder them euen as we see the great rich and mightie men of the world do keepe vnder awe and subiection the poore and needie Againe as Tempests when they arise and lightening when it pleaseth God to send either the one or the other quicklie and with a tryce hurleth downe and ouerturneth mountains and the highest trees according to that saieng of the Psalmist The voice of the Lord breaketh the Cedar trees c euen so doth he bring downe with a breakenecke fall the proude hauty arrogant and insolent which set themselues against God and seeke the spoyle of those that be quiet and godly To the same effect also is that saieng of the Prophet Isaiah The day of the Lord of hostes is vpon all the proude and hautie and vpon all that is exalted and he shall be brought low And vpon all high and stout Cedar trees of Libanus that are high and exalted and vpon all the Okes of Basan Whereby he declareth that God is able easily to bring downe and ouerthrowe all Fortresses Bulwarkes and Castles be they neuer so strong and all the wealth riches and power of the stately and loftie minded and that nothing is any way able to withstande his force and might when it pleaseth him to strike To the same purpose and effect doth Zacharie likewise aduise the people not rashly and vainly to put their trust in any walled townes or helpe of man bicause no strength seeme it neuer so impregnable and inuincible can protect or deliuer out of the hand of the Lord. These wofull words therefore vseth he vnto Israel denouncing vnto them as an Herault at Armes sent from God to sommon them grieuous destruction and lamentable desolation Open saith he thy doores O Lebanon and the fire shall deuoure thy Cedars Howle ye Fir trees by the which he meaneth the inferiour Magistrates bicause the Cedar is fallen that is bicause thy chiefe Rulers and soueraigne Gouernors be destroied Howle O ye Okes of Basan that is yee stiffe-necked froward and intractable persons bicause the mightie defenced forest is cut downe The like dismall day doth he there likewise threaten to the Shepheards which being puffed vp with pride in themselues little cared for the welfare of the poore flock but raigned as Lords ouer them practising rigor tyrannie crueltie and austeritie as Lions vpon them Which miserable abuse Ezechiel in his time doth also greatly bewaile The 23. Chapter Of Heath Tamariske Ling and Broome HEath or Tamariske is a little small Tree or Plant of lowe growth as Virgil well noted bearing a rugged or rough leafe not much vnlike to Sauine and a flower of a browne purple color withall somwhat mossie or woollie Bees delight very much therein The grounde where it commonly groweth is drie hungrie barren waste and vnfruitfull From these doe the Prophets in manie places alledge sundrie Similitudes whensoeuer they denounce and notifie vnto men what heauie haps afflictions and calamities shall befall them As namely Ieremiah Cursed be the man that trusteth in man and maketh flesh his arme and withdraweth his hart from the Lord. In which words he pronounceth that man accursed whosoeuer he be that reposeth his confidence and trust in any bodily earthly and fraile thing whatsoeuer it be or that in his distresse and danger seeketh helpe and succour at the hands of any sauing of God alone For he that so doth shall be like the Heath which receiueth no benefite by the temperate and milde disposition of the aire but cumberously occupieth the soile and for a small time continueth growing no where else but in barren hungrie drie salt parched rugged and vnfertile grounds But blessed and happie is the man that putteth his trust in the Lord for he shall be like a tree that is planted by the water side which being continually watered spreadeth out hir rootes and boughes and shal not feele when the heate commeth but hir leafe shall be still greene and shall not care for the yeere of drought neither shall cease from yeelding fruit Againe where God threateneth ruine destruction spoile and desolation to hang ouer the heads of the Moabites who lineally descending from the Iewes namely from Lot the brother of Abraham were still notwithstanding their professed enimies hee biddeth them to Flee and saue their liues and to be like the Heath in the wildernes Whereby he aduiseth them with speede to withdrawe themselues out of their Holds and by hastie flight to prouide for the safetie of their liues bicause their Cities shoulde shortly bee destroied ransacked and desolated and their people and citizens spoiled and depriued of all honor dignitie and estimation so that they should no more be accounted of or regarded than the base Ling and baggage Heath in the wildernes The 24. Chapter Of Rosen in generall ROsen is all that Oylie fatnesse and gummie substance which with the heate of the Sun runneth out of the Pyne tree Pitch tree Firre Larch Lentiske and Terebinth With vs also heere in these Countries there issueth and sweateth out of the Cherie tree and Damson tree a rosen or gum of the colour of honie which is verie good against the grauel and stone The white Popler also yeeldeth a certaine gummy iuice or liquor like Ambre out at the clifts of the rinde But of all others the Terebinth rosen which wee call Turpentine is the chiefest next wherevnto is the rosen of the Lentiske which we tearme Masticke After it in goodnes is the Pine the Firre and the Pitch Rosen next The worst and last be those that run out of the wild Pine and out of the roote of Scammonie which are tearmed Stroblina and Colophonia And there be of Rosen as there is likewise of pitch two differences or sorts the one liquide and currant the other drie and cleere The vertue effect both of the one of the other is to asswage paine to lenifie greefes to binde and close vp woundes specially the Turpentine that runneth out of the Terebinth whose operations and effects the prophet Ieremiah metaphorically applieth to the inwarde woundes of the minde which with the soueraigne emplaister and liniment of the word of God be recured and healed Thus therefore doth he expostulate with the Israelites Is there no Rosen or Balme in Gilead Is there no Physition there Why then is not the health of the daughter of my people recouered As though he shoulde saie There is a soueraigne salue to be had and a present remedie is readily prepared able to heale the wounded minde and brused conscience but the daughter of my people carelesse of hir recouerie and forgetfull of hir saluation and health refuseth to apply the same remedies vnto hir filthy stinking mattery wounds she passeth not a whit for the wholsome Cataplasmes and suppling salues of the worde of God she discouereth not hir botches boiles

stone called an Amethist or in common Buglosse and sundry other Herbs whose flowers being of bright purple colour be maruellous pleasant and delightfull to the eies of the beholders And God doth many times and in many places in his worde sharpely reprooue the stately arrogance and pompous prid of such vaine persons as by the brauerie of their apparell and sumptuous araie aduance themselues in bragging sort and ridiculous ostentation malapertly and scornefully contemning others of inferiour calling And sometimes heerehence he taketh apt Metaphors and fit Similitudes applieng the same to the inward gifts and ornaments of the minde For by such examples doth the Lord stir vp and admonish such as be lulled and rocked in the cradle of Security and slouthful retchlessenesse to looke about them and to remember their dutie which they owe vnto God to consider what honor and worship they are bound to yeeld vnto him and how casting aside detesting abhorring and renouncing all superstition and Idolatrie they ought entirely to embrace his pure sincere and sound religion Which thing both in other places but namely by his Prophet Ezechiel he plainelie setteth downe and manifestly displaieth For first he putteth them in remembrance what great and inestimable benefits he had bestowed vpon them how bountiful and liberal he had shewed himselfe towards them what grace and goodnes both spirituall and temporall he had extended vpon them what holesome lawes and profitable precepts he had deliuered vnto them and how fatherlie he had instructed them with the soueraigne skil of his most blessed and sincere Religion Afterwards he expostulateth with them for their reuolt and sliding back he vpbraideth them with their ingratitude vnthankfulnes for that they had abused all these his heauenly blessings and conuerted the same to Idolatrous purposes strange worships and prophane superstitions insomuch that their minde reason vnderstanding and wit was not now emploied as it ought to haue bin in magnifieng his holie name and setting forth his glorious maiestie nor in the maintenance and obseruance of his sacred and pure Religion but in setting vp and establishing Idolatrous superstitious counterfaite and hypocriticall deuises forged out of their owne idle braines Thus therefore doth he ratingly and chidingly direct his speech vnto Ierusalem saieng When as thou wast naked poore needie helplesse comfortlesse and cast out into the open fielde so soone as thou wast borne without swadling clouts polluted in thine owne blood and sprawling in thy naturall filthines not hauing thy nauell cut nor washed in water I came and passed by thee and espieng thee wallowing and tumbling in thy blood I exceedingly multiplied thee as the bud of the fielde insomuch that by little and little in processe of time thou grewest pretie and big able to be decked and fit to be womanlie araide as by thy well fashioned breasts and long growen haire may appeere And although thou wast in this age yet wast thou naked and bare and lay open contrary to the natural shamefastnes of womanhoode to the gazing view of all passengers Yet when I passed by thee and looked vpon thee perceiuing thee to be of such ripe age and mariageable yeeres fit to be wooed and sought vnto by suters and wooers I spred my skirtes ouer thee and couered thy filthines and I shrowded from the fight of men those things that might not with any modestie shamefastnes be seene Yea I sware vnto thee and by a new couenant betrothed thee vnto my selfe and made thee mine Wherevpon hauing receiued thee as my mate and lawfull Spouse I washed thee from thy filthines so that no blemish disgraced thee Yea I annointed thee with oyle and clothed thee with embrodered worke I shod thee with Hyacinth I decked thee with bracelets vpon thine hands and a chaine on thy necke and a beautifull crowne vpon thine head c. Nowe thou being thus pranked vp in brauerie and thus richlie decked hast plaied the harlot and hast powred out thy fornications on euery one that passed by and all those rich ornaments which in right and equity belonged to me thou hast lewdly conuerted to prophane and wicked vses In all which processe of words his meaning is none other than this namely to shew that as an adulterous woman by prostitution of hir bodie becommeth impudent and infamous so was Ierusalem defiled with Idolatrie in that she bestowed that honor worship and seruice vpon Diuels and Idols which in right was onely due vnto God on whom alone dependeth the whole hope health and saluation of all men For then is the Maiestie of the most high God most contumeliously dishonored when the honor which is due vnto none but to him is taken from him and giuen to another wherein he is iniuriously robbed and we thereby forsaking his sincere worship are carried headlong into miserable perdition and manifest danger of our owne Soules health The 16. Chapter Of Sedge and Rushes SEdge called of some Segge or Sheregrasse groweth in fenny Sugs and watrie groundes triangled in form and sharpe edged of each side with the which many in this Countrie do vse in Sommer time to strawe their Parlours and Churches as well for coolenes as for pleasant smell The Rush is a round smooth shoote without knots or ioints hauing within it a white substance or pith which being drawn forth sheweth like long white soft gentle and round thred and serueth for many purposes Heerewith be made manie pretie imagined deuises for Bride-ales and other solemnities as little baskets hampers paniers pitchers dishes combs brushes stooles chaires purses with strings girdles and manie such other pretie curious and artificiall conceits which at such times many do take the paines to make and hang vp in the houses as tokens of good will to the new married Bride and after the solemnitie ended to bestow abroad for Bride-gifts or Presents And bicause the stemme or shanke of this Rush is smooth and vnknottie it hath ministred occasion to the learned thereof to deuise a Prouerbe namely To seeke a knot in a Rush Which is very aptly and fitly applied to those which are scrupulous in cases where no neede is or that make doubt of a thing that of it selfe is most plaine Of the greater sort of these Rushes our people doe vse to make Mats horse-collers wilchins frailes and little maunds In Zeland where the ground is grauelly and sandie there groweth store of Bulrushes which be not of any great height but bee sharpe pointed as an Awle and serue to keep and defend their corne grounds from being ouercouered with sand and dust which the force of the winde tide and weather vsually bloweth and casteth vp Of the slender and streight forme of this Bulrush such yoong simpring Damosels as pranke vp themselues and desire to be slender bodied are termed by Terence to be Bulrushlike As among vs manie daintie yoong huswiues that would faine be fine and slender girde themselues strait and vse to licke Salt fearing forsooth least