remains de claro besides the one thousand pounds two thousand two hundred pounds If Coals be raised to a higher price at the Pits than formerly then the Hundreds and Loads must be sold dearer at Newark c. and the same profit will remain There are divers other benefits to be instanced and added to this design too tedious to specifie amounting to above one thousand pounds per annum and sufficiently maintainable Chap. 3. Concerning Turnips A Gentleman not far from London having dealt for store of ground part whereof being a meer dry sand and over-grown with moss that it was not worth two shillings the acre I advised him to cause a cutting-Knife to be made according to a new devised way wherwith with more conveniency than formerly they pare up such sour rushy ground as they lately farm c. and call it Devonshire Land and a Workman set about it he cut this ground some two inches thick and turned it up and layd the inside outwards that done letting the ground dry for the space of a week being formerly good neither for corn nor grass the Workman with a strong Iron rake raked the ground all over then cast it over with turnip-Turnip-seeds and raked it over again which came up so well the leaves and roots did so well rot cool mellow and meliorate the ground that the year following and after the crop of Turnips there came very good grass The ground being afterwards fit for corn or grass part of which ground he again sowed with Turnips the same year and had two very great crops and made at least thirty pounds an acre thereof besides as I came to him he received 10 s. an acre for the leaves only being from the very tops of the bindings when they are bound up in bundles and for the other part of the bindings he selling the Turnips by measure made at the least twenshillings the acre wherewith they now feed their milch Cattel which they having plenty thereof will cause them to give milk three times a day with full vessels and constantly throughout the year and better milk by far than any other and although the roots may be sold in most places as dear as near London and with the same benefit yet the commodity of them is so exceeding great being known they will not be parted with by any for they are excellent for all sorts of Cattel and will feed them very fat in a short time and will likewise feed Calves and Lambs very fat besides they being boyled will feed Swine to the height of fatness in a fortnights space and the liquor wherein they are boyled will feed them better than the best whey And I have seen Cows exceedingly greedy for the liquor and the Turnips boyled they have eat and drunk of them continually and without any other food have afforded Milk in aboundance more than with any other food whatsoever and became likewise fat therewith the Turnips boyled will feed all sorts of Poultty fat and cause them to lay their egges constantly without any corn at all whereby may be kept both Geese Turkeys Pheasants Partridges Coots Moor-cocks in abundance without any charge so that 't is clear Turnips will grow on the meanest ground with little labor without muck I have known those that have kept their horses fat by slicing them so casting them into the Manger and of all food whatsoever there is nothing so wholesom and so healthfull as they be for Cattel c. for thereby may be avoided the Murrain all other dangerous diseases There is a Knight row in this City that did preserve and keep all sorts of Poultry and Rabbits by a paste as followeth which was made of Beasts liver the coursest last corn ground and bran with a competent commixture but I have formerly left out the Liver and made a paste with the rest compounded with Turnips but I found in conclusion Turnips of themselves is the only food both for Cattel Swine and Poultry Probatum est The Swine being kept in an Orchard constantly bearing the ground will fructifie the Fruit-trees exceedingly and make them yield great store of fruit yearly larger than formerly and they need no other food than this Liquor without the roots or they may be kept up in a house with it constantly There was a Gentleman well known that would cause his Servants sometimes to scatter on the ground some small store of Tares and the Swine by taking pains to get them would drink the oftner of the Liquor and be fat the sooner I have known milch Cows kept constantly in a Yard and never fed with any thing but Turnips wherby a man might soon inrich himself and having place convenient for Poultry c. this may appear to be as thriving for them as corn Turnips likewise boyled and mingled with bran will feed Hunting dogs very highly without any other relief About seven years since I caused a woman here in London to buy a peck of meal and to divide it into two parts in the one I advised her to put a peny-worth of Turnips boyled and work it and knead it by it self and the two parcels being baked the Meal that had the Turuips in that proved to be the better bread by far and whiter every way more pleasant to the eye more toothsom it is in the judgement of most Physicians very healthfull besides it cuts far better than the other and will last as long again very moist the parcel that had the Turnips in it was in weight above five pounds more than the other and what advantage might redound hereby to publique and private families it may easily result when they may keep both Cattel Swine and Poultry with little or no charge There is as much difference almost in the roots as is in Apples therefore care is to be had in the seed there are those which are called Hackney Turnips which far exceed all other especially for bread that seed may be had as cheap as the other a paste likewise might be made with turnips to continue long which all Poultry would like very well of and excellent Horse-bread might be made of it being otherwise used thereunto all sorts of Cattel and Poultry wil take sufficient without further trouble the paste will be excellent usefull food for Rabbits both in over-stored Warrens and likewise when they are preserved with other moist meats as you may understand hereafter Turnips will afford two very good crops in one year and the crops of them are worth to be sold thirty pounds an acre as will be confirmed besides some ground they will in my knowledge afford a 3d. crop the same year although the roots of the last crop come not to full maturity yet the roots and leaves being suffered to grow thicker without cutting or pulling will be better at the present than an acre of the best Grass and compass of ground where a sheaf of Wheat doth grow which yieldeth a
small quantity of wheat it will afford one hundred of Turnips near two hundred so that the profit of two crops thereof will far transcend the profit of the wheat and the charge of the wheat far greater ordinarily Turnips may be sown in heathy ground at the first breaking up and some have sowed them immediatly after rye flax and especially after pease With their tops and Rape-cakes or Lynt-seed cakes and grains you may make Pottage and wholesome food for your Cows which being warm they will eat exceeding greedily and by this means give milk in abundance and for the same purpose the Holland Merchants did lately buy up all the Rape-seed here in England after the oyl was prest out and made up into great Cakes which hath been a very great commodity in Holland The roots and leaves being made very clean and stamped together then boyled in water and then given to the Cows may make them abound with Milk and yet grow very fat if they are kept up all the year A worthy Gentleman doth every year sow a very large field with turnips according to my directions and in the middest thereof he causeth to be built a little sleight shade or loppel with poles covered with straw or some sleight stuff on the top where he ties up his oxen and other feeding Cattel and giveth them the Turnips and the leaves cleanly washed and with them only seedeth his Cattel very fat to the Markets he continueth the same course constantly every year and preserveth all his grass for other uses to his very great advantage Turnips also with some small addition will make very good Syder and exceeding good Oyl hath been made thereof which may be very advantagious and will prove no drug Probatum est You may boyl Barly chaff in the Liquor of Turnips together with the Turnips and their leaves which makes it as feeding and as fatning as any foood whatsoever Rabbits may be kept with Turnip-bread or past of Turnips all the year either in the fields or house and better than with Turnips themselves being a most wholesom food for them and the roots and leaves will feed and preserve sheep to the highest condition and the Calves which you shall breed up by hand with these Turnips their leaves with their Liquor will be constantly fat and will much exceed their breed in largeness and with increase of Milk Let your Turnips grow little less than half a foot distance and less than ten quarts will sow an acre Chap. 4. Of Sow-Thistles ONe sleight plowing and harrowing or but raising the round in the least kind to have two crops in one year proportionably to the fruitfullest grass and so constantly every year without any further trouble or charge at all which is so wonderfully fruitfull for milch Cows that besides the double increase of milk it is better than any other for it will afford two scimmings of excellent cream this exceeds all other for Cheese and when all the Cream is taken off the milk will be as good as any other milk this seed will cost nothing and will sow it felf after the first year it will afford in seed above one thousand for one this is vulgarly called Sow-Thistle it will yield great store of seed the first crop letting it grow a while longer for that purpose it will be ripe very timely in the year you may gather the seeds which may be sowen presently and will afford a crop within a Month or a little more and may be cut every month during Summer if it be not prejudiced by cattel you may sow a small parcel of ground therewith preserving that for seed that will serve your turn it will grow upon any ordinary ground and the oftner you cut it the thicker it will be and be very tender and excellent fruitfull food you may feed your Cattel therewith by parcels in Racks or Houses and maintain them all the Summer in the highest manner It hath been observed formerly that when Sows could not maintain their Pigs for want of milk the Country people would find out these Sow-thistles which would exceedingly advantage them for the increase of their Milk and I have known the like performed by Rabbits in a very strange manner whilst the Thistles are young they willmaintain Calves Lambs Pigs c. which you may wean and raise to the highest perfection without any other food when they be come old and seedy Cattel will eat only the tops and therefore the oftner you cut themthemore usefull they are when the down is upon them ready to flye then gather the seeds when the Sun is up the seed being dry you may find sufficient of them in Corn-fields upon Ditches where Cattel cannot come at them the benefit might be made so great thereof that the worth cannot be with brevity exprest Sow up sheets of Paper and gather up the seeds into them or some other such way as may keep them from flying from you and take hold of the knot and pull the seeds and put them together and when you sow them mingle amongst them mould as they are with the down because they can hardly be severed those Thistles being planted in a barren ground and given to Rabbits would maintain millions of them all the Summer for want of grass in the Warrens Turnips and the paste thereof all the Winter Chap. 5. Of Clover-gras ONe Sir Richard Weston hath a think between thirty and forty acres about ten acres thereof he sowed this year with Barly which Barly being in cutting and proved so great adjudged worth ten pound an acre he feared it might hinder the Clover-grass not-notwithstanding we viewing it narrowly did perceive the grass much of it as it were begining to look out of the ground the which leaves were not bigger than an Onion which yet Sir Richard was glad to see he intends that nothing comes in that untill Michaelmas and by that time he hopes especially with a good shower soon after the Barly is taken off it will cover the ground the last year he sowed two Fields each about eight acres one with Flanders seed the other with his own in the Husks the former was so fair upon the ground at the felling in mid May last that he protested he would not have taken ten pound for the seed only he expected therefrom nevertheless the Summers draught especially soon after the cutting before it could get head again to shade it self and the ground so scorchd it together with his hopes at length be resolved to feed his Cattel with and reserve for seed the Cotten close being colder a moyster soyl and thereupon the better enduring the heat which otherwise he made far less esteem of because it came up unevenly or in Banks like Mr. Houghtons or rather worse which I conceive was to be attributed partly to the wetness but perhaps chiefly the seeds in the Husks which could not be but unequal experience shewing that some of the Husks are
bought great store of Bay Salt at two shillings six-penee per bushell and being a great husband and very knowing in husbandry is confident to advantage himself much thereby for there is no Muck or soyle Comparable thereunto both for Grasse and Corn as may evidently appear by the Salt Marshes in severall places of this Nation Chap. 13. To make a sufficient fence of Sallowes or VVillowes or both in a very short time LEt your ditch be ordered according to the usual manner and and if it may be with good Mould and take small sticks of Willowes or Sallowes cut from the trees and cut the Bark round with the knife about three inches distant the one from the other and place two of the sticks sidewaies one foot distant the one from the other then cover them with earth and with Mould and they will soon shoot forth to very good perfection and from every place so cut round will spring forth a branch which after they are grown about half a yard you may cut them off about three inches from the ground and they will thereby grow the thicker and become a very compleat fence suddenly and especially if you water them with the muck Water Chap. 14. Of Muskmelons THe way to have as good Musk-melons as are any in Italy without the unwholsome use of the muckbeds here in London is confirmed by the Earl of Dorset Plant them under a Wall Pale or Hedge on the Sunny side with very good mould purposely prepared and underneath the Mold lay a quantity of fresh Barly straw and by this easie meanes using the seasonable Covertures and necessary futherance you may attain to your uttermost desire without any further trouble but if you do discern the straw to make the earth too hot thrust in a stake through the mould to the straw that the vapour and heat evaporate and passe forth this from the Earl of Tenett I shall more copiously inlarge my self herein with the ready way to ripen them and such other fruits before their season by planting them in dry weather and every third or fourth day watering them with warm water Whereas there hath happened an exceeing great destruction of Beanes Pease and other corn of late yeers by Wormes and other creeping things both about the City and in most places of the Countrey there being no means imagined by any for the prevention thereof you may observe how to avoid them both in Fields Gardens and at the roots of trees Take sliced or bruised Onions and steep them in Water all night or longer add thereunto a proportion of Salt and Soot and Lime if you please or Ashes in your Gardens you may use it with your watering Pots especially to the roots of trees And for the Corn fields the engine following is most proper which I refer to my after discourse This composition will not leave a Worm in the ground where it is used besides it will strengthen the Land very much for Corn and bring the Trees to much fruitfulnesse that were formerly decayed at the roots if there be Wormes take but a drop or two of the Onion water and some Salt put it into a Worm-hole and the worm will come out and dye presently and the same water with Onions and Salt by drinking a little of it in a morning fasting at the full of the Moon will destroy all Wormes in men women and children you may use onely the Onions which will be sufficient A remedy for the worms in men women and children you must three mornings before the full of the Moon give them to drink a quantity of new Milk and give it them in the morning of the full Moon and the worms then expecting breakfast as before they having then as Physicians say their mouths open are destroyed To bring into one place and destroy all Worms that are hurtfull in a Gardens take the belly or panch of a Weather newly killed and all the filth and dung that is in it and bury the same in the place were they be cover it a little with the earth and within two dayes you may see all the hurtfull things resort thither which you may destroy as you please Centaury Colloquintida and Wormewod are good ingredients to adde if need were to the former designe to destroy Wormes You may at the end of March or February make the ground very wet by casting water thereon and about eight or nine of the clock by candle light gather up all the wormes whereby you may destroy them in Gardens Water wherein the leaves and seed of Hemp is sodden being cast and sprinkled on the earth will make the wormes come out of the ground if there be any Cabbages puld up by the roots set in sand in a Cellar or some other room may be kept all the Winter or you may hang them up with strings and so may you keep Artichokes and other plants and roots for constant use as Carets Parsnips and Turnips In dry weather in October and November make a layr of Sand and a layr of Carrets cutting away the tops close to the roots with some of the small ends of the Carrets and about the last of December when there is no frost uncover them and you may keep them longer if you pare off the the shootings of the upper end of the root and then lay them in Sand and so Parsnips and Turnips Obser 1. In Herefordshire they feed their Swine with Elm-tree-leaves gathering them in bags There was fifty pound an Acre offered for Tobacco lately in Worcestershire and at that rate for severall Acres Chap. 14. To get off the Smutt from VVheat FIrst lay a lay of Barly Chaff then a layer of smutty Wheat then a layer of Chaff again then a layer of VVheat c. and so thrash it and it will break very fair Obser 2. Bury Hawthorn Berries deep in the ground all the winter then sow them in February and water them with muck-water as followeth and you shall finde wonderfull expedition in the growth Observ 3. Quicksets are not to be weeded at all after Mich. Obser 4. That VVheat being newly sown upon ground on a hill side very poor and not worth two shillings an Acre and never mucked there was Clover Grasse sown amongst the VVheat which proved to be as rich and as good a Crop as ever was seen in England or ever was known to grow without muck and after the VVheat was cut the Clover grew up beyond expectation and served for excellent pasture all the yeer following A very good crop of Clover Grasse was cut in the same yeer which was performed by steeping the VVheat in Salt Brine and Lime which hindred the prejudice of the Crowes birds worms c. The seed was steeped in strong Brine that would bear an Egge about twenty four hours First there was laid a lay of the steeped seed spread upon a floor then a lay of Lyme upon the corn then a layer of corn again c.
had at the same rate that will very near render the same emolument according to the number of the acres the same I leave to consideration It matters not whether the ground afford any grass at all in a manner so it be warm and dry being there are several waies to feed them as formerly I have done with very little charge which will preserve them very high and make them breed extraordinarily and maintain more Rabbits by half than any Warren in England was ever known to do they having totally neglected and never ordered the right ways Rabbits being of the most profitable creatures of England rightly used the several sorts of food that may be provided for them being not considerable as may be perceived hereafter the later they are kept the better are the Rabbits and the richer the fur I have known five hundred Breeders kept at a time in an house as may be within the 500 acres in Hutches which would bring seven eight nine or ten at a litter but accounting only five at a litter one with another being I formerly have destroyed the rest they are compleated to two thousand five hundred Rabbits per Month and in ten Months per annum twenty five thousand which at eight pence a Rabbit comes to about eight hundred thirty and three pounds the charge indifferent and with the same charge doubled one thousand Breeders may be kept and they probably amount to one thousand six hundred sixty and six the Rabbits in the house we turn out at liberty to go out and come in when they please At a Months age and at six weeks of age when they shall be doubtless exceeding fat with such food as shall be easily provided for them they are then at the dispose of the Poulterer only such as are preserved especially for store It. A sort of Rabbits to be had their fur beingworth near 3 s. 4 d. the skin and in goodness near Bever which I am confident may be made very near equal to Bever That upon tryal I found the difference between the weight of the ordinary Rabbits usually in Warrens and the breed which may be provided otherwise to be half in half besides the great difference in the goodness of them If the ground want Covert shelter or be too naked they may be made warmer by sowing French furze seeds which will grow very spacious and to great flockt bodies in few years and will prosper very well here in England and extend to great profit yearly there may be Malt made within the housing belonging to the five hundred acres that with other emoluments may sufficiently advance five hundred pounds per annum beyond exceptions by a discreet and provident way of buying Barley at the best hand and by the disposing of the Malt both in making and selling thereof there being great plenty of the best fewel therefore being fearn There may be many Swine kept within the compass and several sorts of food to preserve and fatten them not considerable Item Geese Turkeys Ducks that will lay two egges a day throughout the year Pheasants Partridges Coots and all other sorts of Fowl kept with such several wholsome foods so easily prepared and so little charge the benefit may be made of them may arise to be exceeding great And for Bees being a place so convenient the profit of them may be maintainable under God one hundred pounds per annum Item Pigeons c. And for the too much neglected Creature the Silk vorm whereas there are divers at this time that make a very great profit of them in a very high degree I am confidently assured that by them may be only in one room advanced 500 pounds per annum and upwards whereas the only cause of not keeping them more plentifully is for want of Mulberry leaves the Trees whereof may be planted here with the stocks and branches thereof being brought for the most part beyond the Seas which are dear and most commonly spoyled with bringing There is a leaf lately discovered growing here in England and to be preserved constantly in every Garden that doth and hath maintained them better by far than the other leaves which will likewise cost nothing being that the ground in the five hundred acres may be justifiably advanced to above twenty thirty forty fifty pounds an acre per annum as may appear by the several discoveries at large as followeth in the other papers When you would have Rabbits fat to the desire geld the Bucks that you intend to slaughter which the Warrener may easily do turn them out a while longer and they will exceed in fatness and eat more pleasantly by far than otherwise The first breed charges and contingencies allowed may probably come to as before specified two thousand sixty and eight pounds The second breed allowing some abatement for charges comes to two thousand six hundred sixty and six pounds Item Rabbits in Hutches charges to be abated 1 thousand six hundred sixty and six pounds Malt per annum five hundred pounds Benefit of fearn furze and other fewel five hundred pounds Swine fowl c. two hundred pounds Bees c. one hundred pounds Silk worms five hundred pounds All these I cast in to make up the first design with two hundred pounds to advance two thousand pounds per annum Chap. 2. An undeniable proportion of Coles to be had from the Pits near Notingham to the Trents side and so by Boats to Newark and the Towns adjacent with the benefit may apparently accrew thereby beyond contradiction FIve double Waggons and five Boats to convey to Newark down the Trent eight thousand loads per annum for which they have paid at the pits five shillings the load and whereas they pay commonly nine shillings and upwards the hundred most part of the year and much under weight and but sixteen seventeen or eighteen hundred weight to the load which should be twenty hundred weight being a miserable griping to the poorer sort of people to allow them constantly at six pence the hundred being ten shillings the load will be a very great publique good and an Act of charity in the undertakers and will render much honor to them together with the prayers of the poor c. The eight thousand loads at five shillings the load benefit comes to two thousand pounds carriage by the return of Boats at the least three hundred pounds It. five hundred weight overplus which are to he had at the Pits by agreement allowing two hundred thereof waste six hundred pounds total two thousand nine hundred pounds That with a reasonable sum deposited to have the Coals delivered at two shillings six pence per load the rest amounting to one thousand pound de claro disbursements for horses wains and boats being the standing stock upon considerable computations five hundred pounds or there abouts Charges for horses servants c. per annum under seven hundred pounds which will be defrayed by the week though deducted there
that I am not able at the present to impart it with my pen without too much prolixity and therefore I crave leave otherwise to finish my discourse This Engine being placed in a Centre will cast the Liquor before and behinde and on both sides that it will mildely fall down like a shower of rain with wonderfull successe and may be used with ordinary water very advantageously the Compasse of an Acre of ground at a time on a dry time in summer both to growing Corn and Grasse with very much advantage I have known Husbandmen after they have sowen their Corn they would pray that it would please God to send a shower of rain and this Engin with the blessing of God will at any time comply with their desires and make the earth so fruitfull that in my knowledge one acre so watered I mean with the muck water will render neer if not fully twenty times more benefit than any other acre being tylled in the same manner which will be I am confident as great a benefit to this Nation as ever was devised besides I shall be able to help any man with an Engine for a small matter that will be very usefull to water grounds in this nature and exceeding convenient and commodious for Gardens which will likewise wash off Caterpillars from all manner of Fruit-Trees and those that grow against the Walls and those that will alter the leaves and fruit beyond belief experience shall confirm as much unto you When your Corn is likewise steeped in the Liquor about some four and twenty hours according to my after directions you may expect a far greater fertility and profit which hath been seen above one hundred for one in Corn. When you have emptied your Pond for these purposes you are then before you fill it again to get out the mud I mean the residence of the commixture and to rake it out upon the bank side which you may perform with the back of an old Armor these or one of them being strongly fixed upon a Poles end with Iron the inward part of the Armour bending towards you will rake up all the mud by degrees with much facility and thereby you may cleanse any River or Moat without diverting the Water-course going into the water or let the water out of Moats c. I have known Rivers about Colebrook above forty years since let a yard lower besides the great benefit of drawing the Rivers and the mudd so taken out of the Rivers called small Codd was so exceeding rich that they were miraculously advantagious otherwise which I shall hereafter discover When you have gotten out this mudd you are before to provide a convenient place for your Straw muck from the Stables and Cow-Houses c. which must be contrived in this manner or other such way according to the fancy of the Owner viz. to incompass the place where you lay your muck with a Brick wall about four foot high only leaving a place for entrance to fill out the muck in Carts and by any means to cause the flooring to be stanch not to soak and drink in the water of the Muck-hill at all but rather for the prevention thereof to make such a pavement of Brick-stone or Free-stone if it may be had near and the floor to be made with a little descent on both sides to the middle that the water may pass out in a Chanel into some wooden Vessel or Cestern that may stand in the Ground near and so low that the Muck-water may pass into it which may be contrived so full of vertue and fertility that the worth of it is of high esteem being once truly experienced will transcend exceedingly and cannot be bought at too dear a rate There are many places where the Ground is so firm it needs not any other bottom and the Liquor may be made by the meaner sort in Vessels without a Pond for small parcels of ground and thereby the other charges might be saved but I first conceive it to be more proper to lay in the same quantity Then by digging a pit to cast certain Loads of good Sand upon the Straw and then loads of other Earth to concorporate with it which if it were commixed at the first it were better but I leave the disposing of that to knowing Husbandmen to be ordered according to the condition of the soyls being certain that any kind of earth that is moist digged out of pits without stones may be so mingle as it may be excellent fruit full soyl as Sand with Clay Loam with Chalk c. the one very much enriching the other as gravel ground Dung'd with Chalk and Chalk mingled with Gravel for want of Dung but you may use if you please only Sand then the muck out of the Pond or Earth of Commons near the Ditch-sides and Hedges mud of standing Pools Sea-weeds which are excellent soyl shovelings of Streets Yards High-waies and leaves of Trees as also Sea sand or any liquid brackish fatness greasie or oyly matter tarry stuff pitchmarks the blood and offall of Beasts empty marrow-bones the dressing and remainder of Trotters of sheep which are most excellent the cuttings or shavings of Horns hair which is best to lay them upon the ground before the Corn is sown then fuffer the Swine to musle it up and down Pilchers after the oyl is taken from them the garbage of stinking Sprats or the best of them when they are plentifull and cheap they being cryed sometimes for a peny a peck about the Streets in London Upon your mudd lay more straw then more loads of Sand c. and as your judgement shall direct you some Lyme properly disposed and some fat Chalk or Marl in equal wreathes you may likewise cast it over in the right place with some Bay salt and sometimes when the Straw is uppermost or otherwise you may spare some of your Pond water and scatter on all the mass that will occasion the other to concorporate the better and afford more and richer Dung-water By this means and with indifferent charge you may have manure sufficient to serve all your Land and such that one load being rightly ordered shall maintain it as well as some ten loads of your common sort of muck and the water that comes from it will be so rich for the steeping of your seed that the discourse thereof till experimented would be incredible A Gentleman did lately assure me that the brine of powdering Tubs did afford him as good a crop of Corn as ever was seen grow urine of Mankind is of very great worth to cast upon the Muck-hill Wood-ashes are best next to Soap ashes which hath a vigorous operation of it self and Soot is excellent good also and likewise for Pasture being only strewed over it You may sometimes cast the water that drayneth from the Muck upon the muck heaps again which will afford the more vegetative salt and desend to the former receptacle more fructiferously upon
very well in England and so Commin seed Fennel-seed and Canary seed Asparagus once sown will last twelve years These before specified one with another will afford twenty pound an acre yearly When you have composed good store of muck with earth as before you may lay of the best mould some thickness upon the basest Ground and thereon set wheat and you may have as good crops as you can desire or ever was known in England the upper sourd of that Ground by means of the mould will be much improved thereby and the soyl likewise underneath and you may farther at pleasure advantage the mould to the greatest height with your Muck water and by this means you may have all other commodities in aboundance proper for such rich soyl or appertaining to Gardening as Saffron c. Observ 1. Graft Apples upon Cherry stocks and the fruit will be exceeding red Observ 2. To make Roses by inoculation grow upon Cherry stocks Chap. 17. To make Vines grow upon Cherry stocks PLant them together and when the Vines have put out long small branches bore a hole in the Cherry stock that the branch may easily go through take up the upper bark untill it come to the Green and let it grow there when it is well grown cut off the Vine below stroak the Ground according to the ordinary wayes 〈◊〉 it well and you will have your 〈◊〉 Chap. 18. To make five sorts of Roses grow upon one Stock without inoculation WHen they begin to knot bore with an Aul under the knot and with a feather put Green in one and Yellow in another Red in the third and Blew in the fourth and close up all the holes handsomely Put the blood of Pikes before you put in the Grafts dip the end of the Graft in it and you shall have red Apples but they will be redder by far if you graft them upon Cherrie stocks Chap. 19. To make Roses smell strong and unsavoury PUt Garlick close to the Root and so with Lillies for they have all a sympathy To make a red Rose become white as it groweth kindle Brimstone and smoak the Rose with it at your pleasure and it will become white presently Take the roots of divers colours of Gillyflowers bind them together and set them in the ground in good mould and you shall have them various in one stock Obser 1. Put Rosemary in Juniper and it will endure the Winter the better and smell more fragrantly Obser 2. To make Parsly spring up in few hours steep the seed in sweet milk and straw your bed you mean to sow with unquenc'd Lime upon it three times then sow your feed and strew once more of your Lime upon it and upon that earth well prepared then water it well with temperat Muck water as followeth and you may according to discretion enjoy your expectation Obser 3. Lay Beans and Pease in warm Oyl or in the best Muck water let them lye nine daies then dry them and in the mean time to try them you may be assured that what you set in any mans presence they shall spring up in few hours or in a short time Obser 4. To make white Lillies become red you must very neatly open the clifts of the roots and fill the same with any red colour then set them in fat dunged earth Obser 5. Bore holes in Bay-berries and put into every hole the seed of Artichoaks wrap them in dung and put them into the ground whence come such sweet and pleasant Artichoaks that better were never eaten The like may be if you steep seeds three daies in sweet smelling water when you set your Cabbage Plants wrap them at the roots round about with fresh Cows muck and when they are ripe they will smell most delicioufly like Musk and thrive exceedingly Obser 6. If Roses and Lillies be planted nigh together or that they touch one another the flowers of them will smell the more curiously and thrive the better Obser 7. Gather green Beans from the stalks being ripe and fully grown and ready to eat then immediatly cut off the stalks within a handfull of the root and if the weather be dry apply unto the roots some of your muck water and more branches will shortly spring out whereupon will spring forth new Beans more plentifull and rather better than before whereby you may have near three-fold encreafe and two several gatherings of Beans in one year but by any means take heed that the first gathering and cutting away of the stalks be when the stalks be green and it is verily believed that Pease will do the like Obser 8. Gather Roses when they be ripe and presently cut away the new sprung tops and the uppermost branches of that year and you shall have new fresh Roses grow again out of the same ear about Michaelmas the more plentiful by applying the Muck water seasonably to the roots Graft Roses in the bud upon sweet Bryer and they will smell most deliciously The roots of Roses with their slips and knots removed and set amongst Broom will bring forth yellow Roses Chap. 20. To preserve Chesnuts and keep them sound LAy them together with Wallnuts and they will drink up and consume the humours whereby they corrupt and will not suffer them to be moldy I remember about thirty years since I set at least half a peck of choice Filberts in a Garden on dry sandy borders and finding not one of them to come up at the latter end of the year I caused the banks to be digged up again where I found all my Filberts fresh full and as pleasant to eat as at any time before whence you may learn that burying them in fresh sand you may preserve them fresh for your cating all the year especially being kept in the Ground in an earthen pot so may you use Wallnuts and small nuts and the reason why the Fillberts came not up was for want of moysture therefore the muck water following wil be of excellent use c. Chap. 21 ELm tree chips set in Ditches will in a short time become young Trees and make a very good fence and the slips that grow from the roots of Elms being taing off will grow to great perfection in few years Wild Oats destroyed only by wheat fallow Chap. 22. To keep Cloaths from Moaths SEeth the Dregs or mother or fome of Oyl to the half and therwith anoint the bottom corners and feet of any Chest or Press and the Cloaths that you lay therein will be freefrom any hurt with Moaths but before you put the Cloaths in the Chest or Press it must be dry Obser 1. Provide store of Wallnut leaves and hang them upon thred one distant from another when they are throughly dry strip them in the Chest or amongst the other Cloaths and beds and within the folds of every Garment lay Wormwood or Lavender amongst the Cloaths and they will be safe from Moaths Obser 2. The branches of Bay-rres wrapt