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seed_n and_o then_o i_o will_v show_v you_o full_o what_o as_o yet_o i_o have_v but_o name_v o_o great_a jehovah_n thou_o i_o do_v adore_v thy_o work_n i_o do_v admire_v and_o thou_o implore_v so_o to_o assist_v i_o as_o that_o i_o may_v write_v with_o solomon_n wisdom_n that_o i_o may_v indite_v my_o few_o line_n so_o that_o they_o may_v be_v useful_a unto_o this_o land_n please_v to_o thou_o chap._n iu._n observation_n of_o all_o sort_n of_o key_n and_o seed_n let_v your_o key_n be_v through-ripe_a or_o when_o you_o find_v they_o to_o begin_v to_o fall_v much_o which_o be_v a_o sure_a sign_n of_o any_o fruit_n or_o seed_n ripeness_n unless_o by_o accident_n gather_v they_o off_o some_o young_a straight_o thrive_a tree_n my_o reason_n of_o gather_v they_o from_o off_o a_o young_a thrive_a tree_n be_v then_o will_n your_o key_n or_o seed_n be_v the_o large_a and_o solider_fw-la therefore_o by_o consequence_n they_o be_v the_o able_a and_o likely_a to_o shoot_v the_o strong_a and_o to_o 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tree_n like_o do_v endeavour_v to_o produce_v its_o like_a though_o i_o know_v that_o by_o the_o situation_n or_o ground_n or_o graft_v of_o some_o sort_n of_o stock_n that_o by_o any_o of_o these_o the_o tree_n may_v and_o will_v alter_v something_o both_o in_o growth_n and_o largeness_n of_o fruit_n and_o early_o or_o the_o contrary_a but_o the_o species_n will_v be_v still_o the_o same_o to_o which_o i_o add_v good_a keep_n or_o dress_v of_o any_o tree_n do_v much_o improve_v its_o growth_n and_o largeness_n of_o fruit_n or_o seed_n now_o the_o seed_n be_v that_o part_n of_o the_o plant_n which_o be_v endow_v
so_o do_v your_o walnut_n chesnut_n horse-chesnut_n peach_n almond_n apricock_n plumb_n etc._n etc._n and_o the_o only_a difference_n from_o bean_n and_o pease_n be_v that_o these_o stone-fruit_n put_v forth_o at_o the_o small_a end_n and_o the_o other_o always_o at_o the_o side_n in_o like_a manner_n there_o be_v several_a sort_n of_o tree_n and_o most_o sort_n of_o plant_n that_o be_v small_a which_o put_v forth_o root_n at_o the_o small_a end_n and_o as_o soon_o as_o that_o root_n have_v lay_v hold_n of_o the_o ground_n they_o then_o send_v out_o two_o false_a leave_n nothing_o like_o those_o that_o grow_v on_o the_o tree_n or_o plant_n which_o two_o false_a leave_n be_v the_o seed_n which_o divide_v into_o two_o part_n and_o so_o stand_v some_o small_a time_n on_o the_o top_n of_o the_o ground_n and_o then_o between_o these_o two_o false_a leave_n come_v forth_o a_o shoot_n which_o produce_v leaf_n like_o those_o of_o the_o tree_n or_o plant_n from_o whence_o it_o come_v of_o 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good_a for_o it_o will_v burn_v up_o your_o seed_n or_o plant_n this_o dung_n be_v too_o hot_a and_o quick_a for_o the_o seed_n of_o tree_n for_o it_o be_v the_o nature_n of_o pigeon_n to_o eat_v salt_n and_o to_o go_v to_o the_o seaside_n early_o in_o the_o morning_n and_o there_o to_o pick_v up_o salt_n which_o the_o heat_n of_o the_o sun_n make_v by_o dry_v up_o the_o salt_n water_n and_o then_o leave_v the_o salt_n upon_o the_o sand_n now_o this_o fowl_n feed_v so_o much_o upon_o salt_n the_o dung_n of_o it_o be_v hot_a and_o salt_a than_o any_o fowl_n i_o know_v now_o the_o reason_n why_o it_o be_v good_a for_o cold_a land_n and_o withal_o to_o sow_v it_o early_o be_v these_o every_o one_o know_v that_o it_o be_v the_o nature_n of_o salt_n that_o the_o dryer_n and_o hot_a it_o be_v keep_v the_o more_o it_o keep_v its_o own_o body_n and_o do_v not_o turn_v to_o water_n and_o when_o it_o stand_v in_o a_o cold_a and_o moist_a place_n it_o than_o dissolve_v in_o a_o little_a time_n to_o water_n and_o when_o it_o be_v turn_v into_o this_o element_n of_o water_n then_o be_v it_o fit_a for_o the_o nourish_a and_o feed_v of_o seed_n especial_o annual_n for_o they_o be_v always_o prepare_v to_o set_v forward_o in_o their_o journey_n provide_v they_o meet_v but_o with_o suitable_a entertainment_n but_o the_o seed_n of_o most_o forrest-tree_n they_o will_v stay_v the_o time_n that_o their_o and_o our_o great_a god_n have_v allot_v they_o but_o then_o why_o salt_n shall_v be_v a_o feeder_n of_o plant_n or_o seed_n i_o take_v the_o reason_n to_o be_v this_o namely_o salt-water_n yet_o i_o do_v not_o mean_v of_o salt_n in_o a_o great_a quantity_n and_o in_o meet_a place_n that_o will_v turn_v it_o into_o water_n i_o have_v oft_o observe_v that_o salt_n if_o fall_v upon_o a_o board_n or_o other_o place_n it_o will_v be_v long_o a_o dry_n and_o if_o heat_v have_v make_v it_o dry_a than_o dew_n or_o rain_n make_v it_o moist_a again_o than_o it_o steam_v forth_o and_o that_o 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bank_n into_o a_o marsh_n of_o my_o father_n in_o lincolnshire_n and_o do_v overflow_v that_o marsh_n and_o some_o other_o with_o salt_n sea-water_n the_o next_o summer_n prove_v dry_a all_o our_o grass_n be_v clear_o burn_v up_o so_o that_o i_o be_v very_o much_o concern_v for_o some_o particular_a reason_n think_v that_o all_o our_o grass_n have_v be_v quite_o kill_v and_o indeed_o so_o it_o appear_v the_o next_o summer_n prove_v wet_a so_o that_o towards_o the_o latter_a end_n we_o have_v some_o grass_n again_o and_o the_o three_o summer_n we_o have_v grass_n enough_o but_o the_o four_o and_o many_o after_o in_o abundance_n so_o that_o it_o appear_v the_o ground_n be_v stupefy_v with_o too_o much_o kindness_n at_o first_o but_o after_o the_o rain_n have_v allay_v the_o too_o much_o strength_n of_o the_o salt_n water_n than_o the_o grass_n can_v well_o digest_v the_o gentle_a fume_v i_o will_v have_v those_o that_o lay_v salt_n on_o their_o gravel-walks_a to_o kill_v their_o weed_n 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principal_a and_o first_o matter_n of_o all_o thing_n as_o a_o learned_a author_n have_v it_o in_o the_o genealogy_n of_o mineral_n p._n 44_o so_o wonderful_o have_v god_n create_v water_n the_o first_o matter_n of_o nature_n which_o though_o it_o be_v so_o tender_a and_o feeble_a a_o substance_n yet_o from_o thence_o be_v create_v the_o most_o solid_a and_o durable_a fruit_n that_o be_v from_o the_o fume_n of_o a_o oily_a earthy_a water_n be_v the_o life_n of_o all_o plant_n the_o part_n of_o the_o dust_n be_v thus_o fill_v upon_o the_o sun_n attract_v that_o and_o the_o plant_n the_o root_n embrace_v this_o fume_v this_o little_a root_n it_o have_v not_o life_n to_o grow_v turn_v to_o earth_n and_o its_o grave_n be_v a_o room_n to_o lead_v the_o root_n of_o another_o plant_n in_o it_o will_v give_v good_a entertainment_n to_o its_o own_o kind_a thus_o you_o see_v the_o destruction_n of_o one_o be_v the_o increase_n of_o another_o a_o little_a of_o this_o be_v good_a for_o some_o 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subject_a to_o run_v as_o elm_n cherry_n abele_n etc._n etc._n so_o may_v you_o have_v a_o thin_a wood_n make_v a_o thick_a good_a wood_n or_o if_o you_o have_v a_o ground_n that_o be_v moorish_a and_o will_v not_o yield_v good_a grass_n then_o plant_v as_o be_v before_o show_v of_o the_o water-pople_a and_o it_o will_v yield_v you_o quick_a and_o great_a profit_n if_o you_o will_v see_v more_o large_o of_o these_o sallowe_n etc._n etc._n see_v esquire_n evelyn_n 19_o the_o chapt._n he_o tell_v you_o you_o may_v graft_v fig_n and_o mulberry_n on_o they_o and_o that_o they_o will_v thrive_v exceed_o the_o first_o be_v true_a you_o may_v graft_v on_o they_o but_o you_o have_v best_o try_v the_o other_o for_o i_o fear_v it_o be_v borrow_v from_o pliny_n etc._n etc._n but_o i_o forbear_v of_o oziers_n there_o be_v several_a sort_n and_o be_v all_o raise_v of_o truncheon_n as_o the_o sallow_a they_o love_v a_o moist_a and_o more_o moorish_a ground_n than_o the_o sallow_a or_o willow_n the_o 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time_n in_o the_o year_n but_o the_o best_a time_n to_o remove_v these_o or_o most_o sort_n of_o green_n be_v from_o mid_a march_n to_o the_o latter_a end_n or_o from_o mid_a august_n to_o the_o last_o which_o be_v the_o very_o best_a time_n unless_o for_o tender_a green_n and_o i_o shall_v not_o so_o much_o as_o name_v any_o of_o they_o as_o to_o the_o ground_n they_o love_v not_o dung_n but_o a_o fresh_a gravelly_a soil_n mix_v with_o loom_n also_o mind_n but_o the_o root_n and_o they_o will_v tell_v you_o that_o these_o sort_n of_o tree_n must_v not_o be_v set_v too_o deep_a therefore_o take_v heed_n you_o commit_v not_o that_o fault_n to_o they_o for_o if_o you_o look_v into_o gerrard_n herbal_a with_o jonson_n addition_n to_o it_o pag._n 1364._o you_o be_v there_o inform_v by_o that_o laborious_a author_n that_o firre_v grow_v on_o the_o top_n of_o rock_n in_o great_a plenty_n and_o also_o large_a tree_n in_o the_o cold_a country_n of_o norway_n etc._n etc._n and_o of_o pine_n that_o grow_v in_o the_o cold_a country_n beyond_o denmark_n as_o in_o russia_n etc._n etc._n then_o certain_o they_o may_v and_o will_v grow_v here_o in_o england_n very_o well_o if_o you_o will_v but_o mind_n to_o set_v and_o preserve_v they_o then_o a_o second_o reason_n why_o man_n do_v raise_v but_o few_o of_o these_o and_o plant_v but_o few_o may_v be_v because_o they_o love_v they_o not_o and_o it_o be_v with_o other_o man_n because_o they_o many_o time_n die_v or_o do_v not_o grow_v well_o with_o they_o and_o this_o make_v they_o not_o fancy_v they_o but_o such_o man_n want_v good_a instruction_n and_o i_o hope_v i_o shall_v give_v they_o some_o that_o will_v make_v they_o again_o in_o charity_n with_o these_o fine_a tree_n but_o other_o there_o be_v that_o have_v ground_n and_o fit_a place_n to_o plant_v tree_n in_o but_o mind_v they_o not_o these_o man_n do_v not_o love_v tree_n no_o nor_o themselves_o nor_o their_o posterity_n the_o three_o great_a hindrance_n of_o plant_v these_o and_o other_o tree_n be_v there_o be_v many_o man_n that_o love_v plant_n and_o improve_n of_o tree_n but_o be_v hinder_v by_o not_o have_v ground_n of_o their_o own_o convenient_a to_o plant_v in_o and_o if_o they_o nurse_v up_o or_o plant_v tree_n for_o their_o landlord_n they_o many_o time_n meet_v with_o but_o small_a encouragement_n for_o so_o do_v for_o many_o time_n they_o be_v turn_v out_o of_o their_o farm_n before_o they_o come_v to_o perfection_n or_o if_o there_o be_v any_o that_o be_v come_v to_o be_v fit_a to_o fell_v many_o time_n another_o man_n shall_v have_v they_o as_o cheap_a as_o he_o that_o nurse_v they_o up_o in_o
alder_n water-poplers_a any_o sort_n of_o apple_n that_o have_v a_o black_a burry_n knot_n break_v out_o of_o the_o bough_n that_o knot_n if_o set_v a_o foot_n deep_a in_o good_a ground_n and_o the_o top_n a_o foot_n out_o be_v apt_a to_o grow_v some_o sort_n of_o wilding_n codling_n genniting_n some_o sweeting_n the_o smile_a willow_n quince_n tamarisk_n laurel_n fir_n box_n etc._n etc._n the_o time_n that_o i_o have_v speak_v on_o for_o lay_v your_o layer_n be_v also_o the_o very_o best_a time_n for_o set_v of_o cut_n which_o you_o may_v see_v in_o the_o foregoing_a chapter_n to_o be_v in_o august_n for_o those_o sort_n of_o tree_n that_o hold_v their_o leave_n and_o october_n for_o those_o tree_n that_o cast_v their_o leave_n in_o winter_n those_o sort_n of_o tree_n that_o do_v grow_v of_o cut_n be_v common_a therefore_o you_o may_v take_v your_o choice_n the_o better_a for_o the_o bigness_n of_o your_o cut_n which_o i_o advise_v you_o to_o let_v be_v from_o half_a a_o inch_n to_o one_o inch_n diameter_n if_o they_o be_v less_o than_o half_a a_o inch_n diameter_n than_o they_o will_v be_v weak_a with_o a_o great_a pith_n which_o pith_n will_v take_v wet_a and_o be_v likely_a to_o kill_v your_o cut_v and_o beside_o when_o your_o cut_n be_v so_o small_a they_o be_v not_o prepare_v with_o those_o pore_n as_o at_o present_a i_o name_v they_o that_o be_v little_a black_a speck_n on_o the_o bark_n where_o the_o root_n break_v out_o i_o suppose_v if_o set_v in_o the_o ground_n or_o else_o almighty_a god_n for_o a_o sign_n to_o show_v man_n that_o those_o that_o have_v that_o mark_v upon_o they_o will_v grow_v as_o your_o elder_n alder_a sallow_a water-poplers_a etc._n etc._n have_v and_o also_o if_o they_o be_v young_a they_o then_o have_v not_o that_o burry_n knot_n which_o be_v very_o apt_a to_o take_v root_n as_o your_o codling_n and_o some_o sort_n of_o apple_n have_v in_o hard_a wood_n the_o young_a the_o better_o but_o if_o they_o be_v great_a than_o one_o inch_n 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your_o hole_n large_a when_o you_o set_v they_o and_o ram_n or_o tread_v the_o earth_n close_o to_o they_o keep_v they_o moist_a the_o first_o summer_n and_o let_v the_o slant_v cut_v off_o the_o head_n hang_v downward_o and_o if_o your_o cut_v be_v choice_n put_v a_o little_a soft_a wax_n on_o the_o head_n and_o foot_n to_o keep_v out_o air_n and_o wet_n when_o you_o set_v any_o tree_n or_o tree_n in_o your_o wood_n or_o hedge_n be_v mindful_a to_o put_v in_o one_o or_o two_o cut_n with_o they_o it_o will_v not_o be_v much_o time_n lose_v to_o do_v it_o but_o well_o spend_v as_o i_o have_v often_o prove_v chap_n vii_o of_o such_o sort_n of_o tree_n as_o may_v be_v raise_v by_o the_o root_n of_o another_o tree_n and_o how_o to_o raise_v they_o as_o for_o such_o sort_n of_o tree_n which_o may_v be_v raise_v only_o from_o part_n of_o a_o root_n of_o another_o tree_n there_o be_v many_o but_o of_o those_o that_o i_o have_v make_v experience_n i_o shall_v in_o this_o place_n give_v a_o account_n first_o let_v the_o tree_n be_v a_o thrive_a tree_n but_o not_o too_o young_a nor_o a_o old_a tree_n for_o if_o it_o be_v too_o young_a than_o the_o root_n will_v be_v too_o small_a for_o this_o purpose_n if_o too_o old_a it_o be_v possible_a the_o root_n may_v be_v a_o decay_a and_o then_o not_o fit_a for_o this_o purpose_n let_v the_o root_n be_v from_o a_o quarter_n of_o a_o inch_n to_o a_o inch_n and_o a_o half_a diameter_n and_o from_o some_o young_a thrive_a tree_n be_v the_o best_a for_o in_o they_o the_o sap_n be_v plentiful_a and_o therefore_o will_v put_v forth_o the_o great_a shoot_n then_o in_o the_o latter_a end_n of_o february_n or_o the_o begin_n of_o march_n dig_v round_o the_o tree_n you_o intend_v to_o increase_v from_o till_o you_o find_v such_o root_n as_o before_o be_v mention_v and_o take_v your_o knife_n cut_v they_o three_o or_o four_o inch_n from_o the_o great_a root_n smooth_a at_o the_o place_n you_o cut_v off_o then_o raise_v up_o that_o end_n put_v in_o the_o earth_n to_o keep_v it_o up_o that_o when_o your_o ground_n be_v level_v again_o the_o end_n of_o this_o root_n so_o cut_v off_o may_v be_v two_o or_o three_o inch_n above_o ground_n i_o do_v judge_n the_o foresaid_a time_n of_o the_o year_n to_o be_v the_o best_a for_o then_o the_o sun_n hasten_v to_o the_o vernal_a equinoctial_a or_o rather_o this_o star_n of_o the_o earth_n to_o libra_n the_o sun_n have_v heat_n and_o a_o strong_a draw_n faculty_n on_o the_o head_n of_o the_o tree_n draw_v by_o its_o secret_a influence_n on_o the_o several_a branch_n on_o the_o head_n and_o the_o head_n from_o the_o body_n and_o both_o head_n and_o body_n from_o the_o root_n and_o the_o root_n be_v furnish_v with_o sap_n from_o the_o earth_n to_o supply_v the_o body_n and_o the_o head_n be_v then_o the_o fit_a to_o produce_v with_o that_o sap_n a_o new_a tree_n likely_a than_o when_o it_o be_v in_o its_o full_a sap_n viz._n in_o summer_n for_o then_o the_o abundance_n of_o sap_n will_v rather_o choke_v a_o bud_n than_o produce_v one_o out_o of_o the_o root_n if_o the_o root_n be_v of_o such_o sort_n as_o will_v produce_v tree_n from_o part_n of_o the_o root_n and_o then_o the_o wether_n be_v so_o hot_a that_o it_o suffocate_v a_o new_a bud_n that_o will_v be_v so_o full_a of_o sap_n as_o that_o will_v be_v if_o any_o and_o as_o to_o the_o open_n of_o the_o root_n at_o that_o season_n how_o unnatural_a it_o be_v to_o the_o root_n of_o the_o mother-tree_n you_o may_v easy_o judge_n and_o then_o to_o do_v this_o in_o winter_n though_o there_o be_v a_o continual_a motion_n and_o ascend_v of_o the_o sap_n from_o the_o root_n unless_o accidental_o hinder_v by_o frost_n all_o the_o year_n long_o for_o nature_n be_v no_o sluggard_n yet_o to_o cut_v the_o root_n then_o and_o to_o expose_v they_o thus_o cut_v as_o aforesaid_a to_o the_o extremity_n of_o the_o wether_n which_o then_o usual_o be_v great_a the_o frost_n and_o wet_n pierce_v that_o new_a wound_n so_o much_o that_o it_o be_v more_o likely_a to_o ruin_n than_o to_o increase_v its_o kind_a but_o if_o it_o do_v live_v the_o spring_n be_v the_o time_n when_o it_o will_v bud_v therefore_o by_o consequence_n the_o best_a my_o reason_n for_o cut_v the_o root_n two_o or_o three_o inch_n off_o from_o the_o great_a root_n be_v then_o that_o two_o or_o three_o inch_n of_o the_o root_n will_v put_v forth_o many_o root_n at_o the_o end_n especial_o if_o smooth_v cut_v off_o and_o so_o the_o better_a for_o the_o tree_n from_o whence_o you_o take_v the_o root_n thus_o much_o for_o the_o manner_n of_o raise_v by_o part_n of_o root_n the_o kind_n which_o may_v be_v thus_o raise_v be_v these_o that_o follow_v viz._n elm_n maple_n poplar_n aspen_n abete_n cherry_n crabtree_n plumb_n white_a bush_n serve_v etc._n etc._n chap._n viii_o what_o soil_n or_o dung_n be_v best_a for_o tree_n or_o their_o seed_n etc._n etc._n any_o sort_n of_o dung_n that_o be_v very_o hot_a of_o itself_o as_o pigeon_n hens-dung_n sea-coal_n or_o wood-ash_n soot_n or_o malt-dust_n such_o or_o as_o heat_n after_o it_o be_v lay_v in_o the_o ground_n as_o horse-dung_n and_o horselitter_n or_o green_a grass_n or_o weeds_o these_o or_o the_o like_a unless_o a_o small_a quantity_n and_o in_o very_o cold_a ground_n be_v better_o save_v than_o use_v for_o tree_n especial_o forest-tree_n some_o reason_n may_v be_v give_v for_o this_o first_o their_o forefather_n have_v not_o meet_v with_o such_o kindness_n therefore_o their_o child_n do_v not_o nor_o can_v digest_v it_o so_o well_o second_o these_o sort_n
of_o dung_n be_v good_a for_o several_a sort_n of_o plant_n especial_o annual_n for_o it_o be_v the_o nature_n of_o they_o where_o they_o meet_v with_o such_o warm_a entertainment_n to_o come_v up_o the_o soon_o provide_v the_o dung_n be_v not_o so_o hot_a as_o to_o burn_v they_o for_o nature_n have_v accustom_v they_o so_o much_o to_o a_o yearly_o decay_n that_o the_o seed_n of_o they_o will_v lay_v hold_n of_o the_o first_o opportunity_n and_o put_v forward_o for_o their_o journey_n either_o spring_n summer_n autumn_n or_o winter_n according_a as_o they_o meet_v with_o provision_n for_o their_o progress_n till_o they_o have_v accomplish_v that_o which_o be_v do_v for_o they_o viz._n produce_v seed_n when_o your_o forrest-tree_n know_v its_o continuance_n to_o be_v long_o and_o that_o natural_o it_o have_v many_o year_n to_o produce_v its_o like_a it_o will_v not_o be_v much_o force_v by_o art_n or_o artificial_a mean_n for_o who_o can_v by_o the_o best_a art_n or_o care_n that_o can_v be_v use_v force_v the_o key_n of_o a_o ash_n to_o come_v up_o in_o a_o year_n or_o to_o grow_v but_o one_o inch_n for_o it_o will_v lie_v a_o year_n or_o more_o before_o before_o it_o will_v begin_v to_o shoot_v when_o as_o several_a sort_n of_o annual_n will_v at_o any_o time_n of_o the_o year_n come_v up_o in_o three_o or_o four_o day_n if_o their_o entertainment_n be_v according_o therefore_o neither_o your_o forrest-tree_n not_o their_o seed_n require_v much_o dung_n but_o love_v a_o ground_n trench_v deep_a with_o some_o addition_n of_o fresh_a earth_n such_o as_o they_o delight_v in_o as_o if_o your_o ground_n be_v a_o strong_a clay_n then_o trench_v it_o deep_a and_o mix_v it_o with_o fat_a sand_n rubbish_n of_o building_n sea-coal-ash_n highway-earth_n that_o have_v drift_n sand_n in_o it_o or_o small_a gravel-lime_n or_o lime-rubbish_n etc._n etc._n and_o if_o your_o ground_n be_v a_o gravel_n or_o sand_n then_o trench_v it_o and_o mix_v it_o with_o loom-clay_n the_o 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learning_n reflect_v upon_o man_n imagination_n but_o not_o the_o least_o thing_n comprehend_v substantial_o but_o to_o the_o business_n in_o hand_n take_v clay_n or_o loom_n and_o lay_v it_o on_o your_o ground_n not_o too_o thick_a the_o beginning_n of_o winter_n and_o there_o let_v it_o be_v till_o the_o frost_n have_v make_v it_o fall_v into_o mould_n then_o in_o some_o dry_a open_a time_n harrow_v it_o all_o over_o and_o if_o it_o be_v ground_n you_o plough_n then_o plough_v it_o in_o a_o dry_a time_n but_o if_o it_o be_v ground_n you_o trench_n for_o forrest_n or_o fruit-tree_n observe_v to_o order_v it_o so_o for_o by_o thus_o do_v the_o clay_n will_v mix_v with_o the_o sand_n or_o gravel_n much_o the_o better_o the_o better_a that_o any_o man_n chew_v his_o meat_n it_o be_v certain_o the_o easy_a to_o digest_v and_o the_o dry_a you_o put_v it_o into_o your_o ground_n provide_v it_o have_v but_o time_n to_o water_n itself_o well_o before_o your_o tree_n be_v set_v it_o be_v the_o 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to_o make_v they_o descend_v towards_o the_o house_n as_o near_o as_o we_o can_v which_o to_o do_v i_o be_v force_v to_o cut_v through_o one_o hill_n thirty_o rod_n most_o of_o the_o hill_n two_o foot-deep_a into_o a_o sharp_a gravel_n and_o the_o great_a part_n of_o all_o the_o length_n of_o the_o walk_n be_v the_o same_o they_o be_v tree_n that_o i_o raise_v of_o seed_n most_o of_o they_o and_o the_o rest_n of_o layer_n at_o hadham-hail_a they_o be_v with_o my_o lord_n ever_o since_o their_o minority_n and_o he_o many_o time_n their_o barber_n engage_v he_o to_o have_v the_o more_o particular_a kindness_n for_o they_o therefore_o he_o order_v i_o to_o do_v what_o i_o think_v good_a in_o prepare_v the_o ground_n for_o they_o which_o i_o do_v as_o follow_v first_o i_o level_v the_o hill_n and_o when_o i_o have_v bring_v the_o ground_n near_o to_o the_o level_n conclude_v on_o i_o stake_v out_o my_o ground_n where_o every_o tree_n shall_v stand_v and_o then_o order_v my_o hole_n to_o 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such_o up_o you_o spoil_v their_o spear_v by_o break_v it_o off_o or_o by_o let_v in_o the_o dry_a air_n and_o so_o kill_v it_o therefore_o keep_v your_o bed_n clean_o from_o weed_n and_o about_o the_o middle_n or_o latter_a end_n of_o august_n they_o will_v be_v come_v up_o about_o the_o midst_n of_o september_n sift_v a_o little_o rich_a mould_n all_o over_o the_o bed_n but_o not_o so_o much_o as_o to_o cover_v they_o thus_o do_v the_o next_o summer_n and_o take_v off_o the_o side_n â—_o bough_n though_o young_a and_o when_o they_o have_v stand_v two_o year_n on_o that_o bed_n then_o plant_v they_o on_o bed_n in_o your_o nursery_n keep_v they_o with_o dig_v and_o prune_v up_o yearly_o till_o you_o have_v get_v they_o to_o the_o stature_n you_o think_v convenient_a to_o plant_v abroad_o in_o set_v this_o or_o any_o sort_n of_o tree_n forget_v not_o to_o top_v the_o end_n of_o the_o tap-root_n or_o other_o long_a one_o and_o also_o not_o to_o leave_v a_o bruise_a end_n uncut_v off_o 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the_o oak_n you_o need_v not_o much_o fear_n its_o grow_a top-heavy_a for_o it_o have_v such_o a_o thick_a bark_n the_o sap_n be_v subject_a to_o lodge_v in_o it_o and_o break_v out_o many_o side-bough_n and_o the_o root_n apt_a to_o break_v out_o with_o sucker_n the_o more_o when_o prune_v therefore_o prune_v it_o up_o high_a and_o often_o but_o let_v the_o season_n be_v february_n for_o then_o its_o fine_a dark_a green-coloured_n leaf_n and_o long_o hang_v on_o it_o be_v the_o more_o ornamental_a and_o fit_a for_o walk_n as_o for_o the_o way_n to_o increase_v it_o from_o the_o root_n of_o another_o tree_n i_o do_v refer_v you_o to_o the_o seven_o chapter_n which_o will_v show_v you_o full_o how_o to_o perform_v the_o same_o observe_v but_o they_o rule_n you_o may_v raise_v many_o fine_a young_a tree_n from_o the_o root_n of_o another_o much_o better_a than_o natural_o they_o will_v be_v produce_v from_o the_o root_n i_o advise_v you_o where_o you_o find_v your_o ground_n natural_a 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many_o in_o your_o hedge-rowe_n or_o elsewhere_o therefore_o defer_v not_o but_o put_v this_o in_o practice_n especial_o the_o great_a kind_a my_o lord_n bacon_n advise_v to_o bud_v it_o to_o make_v the_o leave_v the_o large_a but_o that_o be_v needless_a part_v of_o these_o rule_n i_o write_v some_o year_n ago_o at_o the_o request_n and_o for_o the_o use_n of_o the_o true_o ingenious_a planter_n and_o lover_n thereof_o sir_n henry_n capell_n and_o i_o shall_v give_v you_o the_o same_o conclusion_n now_o that_o i_o do_v then_o to_o he_o which_o take_v as_o follow_v since_o gard'ning_n be_v the_o first_o and_o best_a vocation_n and_o adam_n who_o all_o be_v by_o procreation_n be_v the_o first_o gardener_n of_o the_o world_n and_o you_o be_v the_o green_a shoot_n of_o he_o the_o original_a tree_n encourage_v then_o this_o innocent_a old_a trade_n you_o noble_a soul_n that_o be_v from_o adam_n make_v so_o shall_v the_o gard'ners_n labour_n better_o bring_v to_o his_o country_n profit_n pleasure_n to_o his_o king_n chap._n xii_o of_o raise_v and_o order_v the_o ash_n and_o as_o for_o raise_v the_o ash_n i_o shall_v give_v you_o the_o same_o rule_n as_o i_o do_v to_o the_o aforesaid_a honourable_a person_n the_o same_o time_n before_o the_o discourse_n of_o forrest-tree_n be_v write_v let_v your_o key_n be_v through_o ripe_a which_o will_v be_v about_o the_o middle_n or_o end_n of_o october_n or_o november_n when_o you_o have_v gather_v they_o lay_v they_o thin_a to_o dry_v but_o gather_v they_o off_o from_o a_o young_a straight_a thrive_a tree_n my_o reason_n to_o gather_v they_o off_o a_o young_a thrive_a tree_n be_v because_o there_o will_v the_o key_n or_o seed_n in_o the_o key_n be_v the_o large_a and_o solider_fw-la therefore_o by_o consequence_n they_o be_v the_o able_a to_o shoot_v the_o strong_a and_o to_o maintain_v themselves_o the_o better_a and_o long_o though_o i_o know_v by_o experience_n that_o the_o seed_n of_o some_o old_a plant_n will_v come_v up_o soon_o so_o the_o seed_n be_v perfect_a than_o the_o seed_n of_o young_a plant_n and_o also_o that_o old_a seed_n so_o it_o will_v but_o grow_v will_v come_v up_o soon_o than_o new_a seed_n my_o aforesaid_a reason_n do_v in_o part_n demonstrate_v this_o or_o thus_o nature_n find_v herself_o weak_a do_v like_o a_o provident_a mother_n seek_v the_o soon_o to_o provide_v for_o her_o weak_a child_n for_o nature_n be_v one_o in_o divers_a thing_n and_o yet_o various_a in_o one_o thing_n now_o if_o you_o gather_v they_o off_o from_o a_o straight_a tree_n it_o be_v the_o likely_a they_o will_v run_v more_o up_o and_o grow_v straight_a than_o those_o which_o be_v gather_v off_o a_o pollard_n or_o crooked_a tree_n for_o it_o be_v well_o know_v and_o may_v be_v prove_v by_o many_o instance_n that_o nature_n do_v delight_n in_o imitation_n and_o the_o defect_n of_o nature_n may_v be_v help_v by_o art_n for_o the_o great_a alteration_n which_o many_o time_n we_o find_v visible_a in_o many_o vegetable_n of_o the_o same_o species_n they_o all_o proceed_v either_o from_o the_o earth_n the_o water_n or_o the_o heavenly_a influence_n but_o the_o last_o be_v the_o great_a author_n of_o alteration_n both_o in_o sensible_fw-fr vegetable_n and_o animal_n however_o like_o still_o produce_v its_o like_a and_o since_o there_o be_v such_o plenty_n of_o forrest-tree_n that_o bear_v seed_n you_o may_v as_o well_o gather_v all_o sort_n of_o key_n and_o seed_n off_o or_o under_o such_o tree_n as_o not_o as_o for_o the_o time_n of_o sow_v they_o let_v it_o be_v any_o time_n between_o the_o latter_a end_n of_o october_n and_o the_o last_o of_o january_n for_o they_o will_v lie_v till_o spring_v
to_o vindicate_v what_o i_o have_v say_v of_o it_o for_o walk_n i_o shall_v lay_v down_o these_o follow_a reason_n 1._o i_o do_v suppose_v with_o myself_o that_o whosoever_o be_v a_o lover_n of_o walk_n will_v not_o fell_v the_o timber-tree_n in_o a_o stately_a walk_n while_o the_o timber_n be_v in_o its_o prime_n for_o most_o tree_n will_v continue_v many_o year_n very_o ornamental_a after_o they_o be_v in_o their_o prime_n even_o while_o they_o be_v fit_a for_o no_o use_n but_o fire_n wood_n and_o why_o not_o the_o line_n then_o for_o walk_n as_o well_o as_o any_o sort_n of_o timber_n tree_n 2._o it_o will_v grow_v as_o well_o on_o different_a ground_n as_o any_o tree_n i_o know_v which_o be_v a_o considerable_a encouragement_n to_o the_o ingenious_a planter_n to_o see_v their_o labour_n prosper_v 3._o it_o will_v grow_v as_o great_a and_o as_o high_a if_o keep_v with_o prune_v up_o as_o most_o tree_n we_o have_v for_o the_o greatness_n of_o it_o i_o shall_v borrow_v the_o word_n of_o the_o learned_a dr._n brown_n which_o he_o write_v to_o esquire_n evelyn_n as_o he_o have_v it_o in_o his_o discourse_n of_o forrest-tree_n chap._n 29._o pag._n 82._o his_o word_n be_v these_o a_o extraordinary_a large_a and_o stately_a tilia_fw-la linden_n or_o linetree_n there_o grow_v at_o depenham_n in_o norfolk_n ten_o mile_n from_o norwich_n who_o measure_n be_v this_o the_o compass_n in_o the_o least_o part_n of_o the_o trunk_n or_o body_n about_o two_o yard_n from_o the_o ground_n be_v at_o least_o eight_o yard_n and_o a_o half_a about_o the_o root_n nigh_o the_o earth_n sixteen_o yard_n in_o circuit_n the_o height_n to_o the_o uppermost_a bough_n about_o thirty_o yard_n etc._n etc._n this_o be_v one_o of_o the_o broad-leaved_n line_n which_o how_o great_a and_o stately_a they_o grow_v you_o may_v observe_v out_o of_o this_o wise_a and_o learned_a doctor_n discourse_n who_o commend_v this_o tree_n with_o the_o epithet_n of_o large_a and_o stately_a 4._o it_o will_v last_o sound_v long_o as_o appear_v by_o the_o greatness_n of_o its_o grow_n 5._o it_o be_v a_o tree_n will_v soon_o grow_v over_o the_o place_n where_o you_o cut_v off_o side_n bough_n and_o be_v not_o subject_a to_o put_v forth_o many_o 6._o it_o be_v a_o tree_n that_o natural_o grow_v taper_n and_o straight_o 7._o no_o tree_n keep_v such_o a_o constant_a pyramid-shape_n as_o this_o the_o head_n of_o other_o tree_n grow_v of_o several_a shape_n and_o form_n though_o all_o of_o one_o kind_a this_o keep_v its_o head_n as_o if_o it_o be_v cut_v and_o the_o body_n straight_o 8._o for_o shade_n few_o better_a have_v a_o thick_a head_n and_o large_a leave_n only_o it_o drop_v his_o leave_n too_o soon_o 9_o the_o bark_n of_o this_o tree_n be_v tough_a keep_v its_o head_n from_o break_v off_o by_o great_a wind_n 10._o it_o be_v a_o tree_n that_o as_o seldom_o blow_v aside_o as_o any_o tree_n whatsoever_o for_o its_o mat_a root_n and_o taper-body_n preserve_v he_o upright_o all_o his_o life-time_n 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if_o you_o will_v have_v they_o shape_v themselves_o fine_o set_v they_o two_o rod_n asunder_o if_o for_o a_o shady_a walk_n what_o distance_n you_o please_v i_o fancy_n that_o a_o single_a row_n to_o bound_v a_o lawn_n round_o set_v two_o or_o three_o rod_n asunder_o will_v be_v mighty_a oblige_v to_o the_o noble_a sense_n for_o than_o they_o will_v show_v themselves_o more_o clear_o than_o when_o set_v in_o double_a row_v to_o make_v walk_n or_o they_o will_v show_v mighty_a well_o set_v thin_a on_o the_o side-of_a a_o hill_n one_o top_v another_o with_o their_o curious_a natural_a shape_n and_o so_o adieu_o my_o belove_a line-tree_n if_o treat_v of_o the_o line_n i_o have_v write_v amiss_o i_o will_v thank_v you_o if_o you_o will_v show_v wherein_o it_o be_v but_o if_o you_o meet_v with_o any_o thing_n do_v well_o say_v nothing_o on_o it_o but_o study_v to_o excel_v chap._n xix_o of_o raise_v and_o order_v the_o maple_n the_o maple-tree_n be_v very_o plentiful_a in_o most_o place_n of_o england_n where_o there_o be_v any_o hedge_n or_o wood_n but_o as_o for_o the_o kind_n i_o know_v but_o one_o sort_n though_o author_n tell_v you_o of_o more_o it_o be_v increase_v and_o do_v increase_v itself_o by_o seed_n and_o layer_n and_o from_o the_o root_n of_o mother_n old_a tree_n and_o by_o sucker_n which_o make_v it_o so_o plentiful_a the_o seed_n will_v lie_v a_o year_n in_o ground_n before_o they_o come_v up_o therefore_o you_o may_v order_v they_o as_o be_v before_o say_v of_o the_o ash_n you_o may_v increase_v it_o by_o lay_v as_o be_v direct_v in_o chap._n 5._o for_o to_o thicken_v your_o wood_n or_o hedge_n but_o if_o you_o let_v it_o grow_v into_o tree_n it_o destroy_v the_o wood_n under_o it_o for_o it_o receive_v a_o clammy_a honey-dew_n on_o its_o leave_n which_o when_o it_o be_v wash_v off_o by_o rains_n and_o fall_v upon_o the_o bud_n of_o those_o tree_n under_o it_o its_o clamminess_n keep_v those_o bud_n from_o open_v and_o so_o by_o degree_n kill_v all_o the_o wood_n under_o it_o therefore_o suffer_v not_o high_a tree_n or_o pollard_n to_o grow_v in_o your_o hedge_n but_o fall_v they_o close_o to_o the_o ground_n and_o so_o it_o will_v thicken_v your_o hedge_n and_o not_o spoil_v its_o neighbour_n so_o much_o you_o may_v increase_v it_o from_o the_o root_n of_o a_o old_a tree_n as_o be_v show_v in_o chap._n 7._o it_o be_v a_o good_a wood_n to_o plant_v for_o under-wood_n in_o coppice_n and_o wood_n for_o it_o produce_v a_o good_a shoot_n and_o thicken_v your_o wood_n it_o love_v a_o dry_a ground_n or_o bank_n best_a chap._n xx._n the_o raise_v and_o order_v the_o sycamore_n this_o fine_a tree_n be_v much_o out_o of_o favour_n with_o a_o great_a many_o for_o these_o reason_n viz._n because_o the_o leave_n fall_v upon_o their_o walk_n turn_v into_o soil_n soon_o and_o so_o spoil_v they_o breed_v grass_n and_o weed_n and_o also_o that_o notwithstanding_o its_o fine_a shade_n it_o be_v not_o good_a to_o plant_v they_o near_o 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dry_a and_o light_a it_o grow_v fast_o it_o produce_v tall_a tough_a and_o good_a timber_n for_o several_a use_n it_o grow_v apace_o from_o a_o stub_n and_o be_v good_a firewood_n it_o may_v be_v raise_v of_o seed_n which_o be_v best_a or_o by_o lay_v or_o by_o root_n sow_v the_o seed_n not_o on_o too_o wet_a or_o stiff_a ground_n as_o soon_o as_o it_o be_v ripe_a and_o the_o next_o spring_n it_o will_v come_v up_o whereby_o on_o a_o little_a ground_n you_o may_v raise_v a_o great_a many_o plant_n to_o set_v in_o your_o nursery_n keep_v they_o clean_o from_o weed_n by_o dig_v and_o prune_v up_o every_o year_n till_o you_o have_v get_v they_o
big_a enough_o for_o walk_n wood_n or_o what_o you_o please_v thus_o much_o at_o this_o time_n of_o the_o sycamore_n only_o remember_v as_o i_o say_v before_o that_o it_o be_v a_o good_a wood_n to_o plant_v in_o coppice_n and_o wood_n chap._n xxi_o of_o raise_v and_o order_v the_o hornbeam_n i_o tell_v you_o but_o now_o of_o the_o sycamore_n be_v fit_a to_o be_v set_v in_o park_n because_o deer_n do_v not_o often_o bark_v they_o but_o of_o all_o tree_n that_o i_o know_v for_o that_o purpose_n this_o be_v the_o best_a for_o a_o deer_n will_v starve_v before_o he_o will_v so_o much_o as_o taste_v the_o bark_n of_o the_o hornbeam_n they_o do_v not_o love_v much_o the_o very_a small_a top_n this_o tree_n may_v be_v raise_v of_o seed_n or_o by_o lay_v but_o by_o seed_n be_v best_a though_o the_o young_a seedling_n be_v tender_a the_o seed_n may_v be_v sow_v at_o the_o time_n direct_v for_o the_o ash_n for_o it_o lie_v a_o year_n in_o the_o ground_n before_o it_o come_v up_o and_o then_o you_o must_v look_v to_o keep_v it_o well_o shade_a or_o else_o it_o will_v soon_o be_v go_v than_o you_o think_v for_o it_o natural_o love_v to_o grow_v on_o stiff_a ground_n where_o it_o will_v grow_v and_o bring_v great_a lop_v to_o the_o owner_n when_o the_o tree_n be_v but_o a_o very_a shell_n as_o indeed_o most_o old_a tree_n be_v hollow_a within_o which_o i_o judge_v not_o to_o be_v the_o nature_n of_o the_o tree_n so_o to_o grow_v but_o the_o fault_n of_o those_o that_o look_v to_o they_o for_o they_o have_v too_o many_o master_n which_o be_v bad_a husband_n and_o no_o friend_n to_o this_o tree_n and_o many_o other_o as_o the_o elm_n ash_n etc._n etc._n who_o let_v the_o lordship_n be_v great_a before_o they_o lop_v they_o perswade_v themselves_o that_o they_o have_v more_o great_a wood_n which_o be_v most_o useful_a never_o consider_v that_o great_a lop_v do_v endanger_v the_o life_n of_o the_o tree_n or_o at_o best_a wound_n it_o so_o much_o that_o many_o tree_n decay_v 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error_n but_o our_o ordinary_a husbandman_n will_v vindicate_v their_o countrey-husbandry_n to_o be_v better_a than_o the_o next_o for_o indeed_o country_n do_v differ_v much_o in_o the_o order_n of_o tree_n and_o hedge_n and_o they_o as_o much_o condemn_v we_o for_o it_o be_v as_o hard_a to_o persuade_v they_o out_o of_o their_o self-conceited_a opinion_n and_o tradition_n as_o it_o be_v to_o make_v a_o jew_n turn_n christian_n this_o tree_n make_v the_o very_o best_a hedge_n of_o any_o tree_n we_o have_v in_o england_n that_o shed_v the_o leaf_n i_o mean_v for_o ornament_n for_o you_o may_v keep_v it_o in_o what_o form_n you_o please_v and_o it_o will_v grow_v very_o thick_a to_o the_o very_a ground_n therefore_o to_o make_v a_o private_a walk_n or_o to_o sense_n in_o avenue_n at_o a_o convenient_a distance_n without_o the_o bound-range_a of_o tree_n or_o walk_n or_o to_o hedge_v in_o riding_n causewayes_o or_o to_o make_v close_a walk_n or_o arbour_n this_o tree_n be_v much_o to_o be_v commend_v especial_o on_o such_o ground_n which_o it_o like_v you_o may_v be_v better_o satisfy_v about_o this_o tree_n at_o hampton-court_n in_o his_o majesty_n garden_n which_o be_v keep_v by_o the_o ingenious_a artist_n and_o my_o good_a friend_n mr._n tobias_n gatts_n it_o be_v good_a firewood_n and_o yield_v good_a increase_n both_o from_o stub_n and_o pollard_n it_o increase_v much_o by_o sow_v itself_o therefore_o you_o that_o love_v plant_n get_v a_o few_o into_o your_o plantation_n and_o try_v whether_o they_o will_v thrive_v with_o you_o or_o not_o which_o doubtless_o it_o will_v on_o many_o ground_n where_o now_o it_o be_v not_o and_o so_o will_v many_o other_o tree_n do_v mighty_a well_o in_o wood_n and_o coppice_n to_o thicken_v they_o and_o make_v they_o the_o more_o beautiful_a especial_o those_o that_o increase_n from_o the_o run_a root_n as_o the_o noble_a elm_n cherry_n sarvice_n abel_n poplar_n etc._n etc._n and_o some_o other_o for_o to_o seed_v if_o you_o 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and_o a_o mallet_n cut_v a_o slit_n almost_o as_o deep_a as_o the_o very_a pith_n under_o some_o bough_n or_o branch_n of_o a_o well-spreading_a birch_n cut_v it_o oblique_a and_o not_o long-waye_n insert_v a_o small_a stone_n or_o chip_n to_o keep_v the_o lip_n of_o the_o wound_v a_o little_a open_a fasten_v thereto_o a_o bottle_n or_o some_o other_o convenient_a vessel_n appendant_a out_o of_o this_o aperture_n will_v extill_o a_o limphid_v and_o clear_a water_n retain_v a_o obscure_a smack_n both_o of_o the_o taste_n and_o odour_n of_o the_o tree_n thus_o may_v you_o obtain_v this_o water_n i_o will_v present_v you_o a_o receipt_n how_o to_o make_v it_o as_o
you_o may_v make_v your_o hole_n square_a if_o you_o please_v see_v figure_n 1_o this_o be_v much_o like_a to_o that_o question_n whether_o be_v half_a a_o foot_n square_n or_o half_o a_o square_a foot_n most_o when_o as_o i_o have_v hear_v some_o say_v they_o be_v both_o alike_o but_o it_o be_v their_o mistake_n for_o ½_o a_o foot_n square_n be_v only_o 6_o inch_n every_o way_n that_o be_v 6_o time_n 6_o be_v 36_o and_o 6_o time_n 36_o be_v 216_o inch_n when_o as_o half_o a_o square_a foot_n be_v the_o half_a of_o a_o cubical_a square_a foot_n the_o number_n be_v 12_o the_o square_a root_n be_v 144_o for_o 12_o time_n 12_o make_v 144_o and_o 12_o time_n 144_o make_v 1728_o the_o cube_n now_o the_o half_a of_o 1728_o be_v 864_o which_o be_v half_a of_o a_o square_a foot_n then_o if_o you_o divide_v 864_o by_o 216_o you_o will_v find_v 4_o for_o the_o quotient_a so_o that_o half_o a_o foot_n square_n be_v but_o ¼_n of_o half_a a_o square_a foot_n this_o i_o have_v demonstrate_v as_o 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12_o 00_o set_v 00_o 03_o 06_o sallow_a truncheon_n 00_o 03_o 00_o man_n to_o set_v they_o 00_o 06_o 00_o key_n and_o seed_n 00_o 05_o 06_o whole_a charge_n 02_o 10_o 00_o so_o that_o the_o charge_n of_o one_o acre_n of_o ground_n plant_v this_o way_n will_v cost_v you_o about_o 2_o l._n 10_o s._n where_o workman_n and_o set_v may_v be_v have_v at_o such_o a_o price_n the_o spring_n after_o i_o advise_v to_o sow_v acorn_n sycamore-keye_n apple_n and_o crab-stampings_a etc._n etc._n let_v this_o sow_v be_v do_v so_o oft_o as_o you_o find_v stamping_n and_o key_n to_o be_v have_v till_o you_o find_v your_o wood_n very_o thick_a i_o do_v sow_v all_o the_o stamping_n of_o apple_n and_o crab_n at_o cashiobury_n among_o our_o young_a wood_n which_o i_o have_v set_v and_o the_o ground_n not_o produce_v a_o strong_a grass_n to_o choke_v they_o they_o come_v up_o thick_a and_o do_v well_o but_o take_v care_v you_o let_v they_o not_o lie_v too_o thick_a long_a for_o if_o you_o do_v the_o 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say_v he_o undoubted_o if_o this_o course_n be_v effectual_o take_v a_o very_a considerable_a part_n both_o of_o meat_n and_o drink_v which_o be_v spend_v in_o our_o prejudice_n may_v be_v save_v by_o the_o countrypeople_n even_o out_o of_o the_o hedge_n which_o will_v afford_v they_o not_o only_o the_o pleasure_n and_o profit_n of_o their_o delicious_a fruit_n but_o such_o abundance_n of_o cider_n and_o perry_n as_o shall_v suffice_v they_o to_o drink_v of_o one_o of_o the_o most_o wholesome_a and_o excellent_a beaverage_n in_o the_o world_n old_a gerrard_n do_v long_o since_o allege_v we_o a_o example_n worthy_a to_o be_v pursue_v i_o have_v see_v say_v he_o speak_v of_o appletree_n lib._n 3._o ch_n 101._o in_o the_o pasture_n and_o hedge-rowe_n about_o the_o ground_n of_o a_o worshipful_a gentleman_n dwell_v two_o mile_n from_o hereford_n call_v mr._n roger_n bodnome_n so_o many_o fruit-tree_n of_o all_o sort_n that_o the_o servant_n drink_v for_o the_o most_o part_n no_o other_o drink_v but_o that_o which_o be_v make_v of_o apple_n the_o quantity_n be_v such_o that_o by_o the_o report_n of_o the_o gentleman_n himself_o the_o parson_n have_v for_o tithe_n many_o hogshead_n of_o cider_n a_o example_n doubtless_o to_o be_v follow_v of_o gentleman_n that_o have_v land_n but_o envy_n say_v the_o poor_a will_v break_v down_o our_o hedge_n and_o we_o shall_v have_v the_o least_o part_n of_o the_o fruit_n however_o i_o advise_v you_o to_o go_v forward_o in_o the_o name_n of_o god_n graft_n set_v plant_v and_o nourish_v up_o tree_n every_o corner_n of_o your_o ground_n the_o labour_n be_v small_a the_o cost_n be_v nothing_o the_o commodity_n be_v great_a yourselves_o shall_v have_v plenty_n the_o poor_a shall_v have_v somewhat_o in_o time_n of_o want_n to_o relieve_v their_o necessity_n and_o god_n shall_v reward_v your_o mind_n and_o diligence_n thus_o far_o honest_a gerard._n and_o in_o truth_n with_o how_o small_a charge_n and_o with_o how_o great_a pleasure_n this_o be_v to_o be_v effect_v every_o one_o that_o be_v patron_n of_o a_o little_a nursery_n can_v easy_o calculate_v but_o by_o this_o expedient_a many_o thousand_o of_o acre_n sow_v now_o with_o barley_n may_v be_v cultivate_v for_o wheat_n or_o convert_v into_o pasture_n to_o the_o increase_n of_o corn_n and_o cattle_n beside_o the_o timber_n which_o the_o pear-tree_n do_v afford_v comparable_a for_o divers_a curious_a use_n with_o most_o this_o also_o will_v make_v timber_n the_o more_o plentiful_a the_o decay_a tree_n and_o prune_a will_v be_v good_a firewood_n one_o thing_n more_o i_o do_v wish_n be_v practise_v in_o our_o hedge_n and_o those_o fine_v severe_o that_o do_v not_o observe_v it_o viz._n that_o there_o shall_v not_o a_o oak_n in_o any_o hedge_n whatsoever_o be_v head_v but_o that_o the_o owner_n may_v have_v liberty_n to_o shred_v they_o up_o as_o some_o do_v elm_n though_o not_o to_o stock_n or_o fall_v they_o till_o such_o a_o age_n in_o such_o bank_n we_o shall_v have_v the_o best_a timber_n and_o enrich_v the_o owner_n etc._n etc._n chap._n xxxiii_o of_o plant_v several_a sort_n of_o forrest-tree_n in_o order_n to_o make_v the_o best_a advantage_n of_o ground_n as_o orchard_n or_o the_o like_a suppose_v you_o be_v to_o plant_v one_o acre_n of_o ground_n or_o more_o with_o walnut_n or_o chestnut_n or_o the_o like_a and_o will_v have_v it_o plant_v to_o the_o best_a advantage_n that_o be_v to_o have_v your_o tree_n stand_v in_o good_a order_n to_o the_o eye_n and_o to_o have_v as_o many_o tree_n as_o convenient_o you_o can_v in_o your_o ground_n which_o be_v suppose_v all_o man_n will_v have_v and_o yet_o your_o tree_n to_o stand_v at_o convenient_a distance_n now_o i_o say_v suppose_v your_o ground_n to_o be_v one_o acre_n and_o a_o geometrical_a square_n in_o such_o a_o ground_n you_o may_v begin_v your_o first_o row_n on_o which_o side_n you_o please_v to_o stake_v out_o your_o ground_n for_o the_o hole_n to_o be_v make_v you_o must_v first_o resolve_v what_o distance_n your_o tree_n have_v best_o be_v plant_v at_o remember_v that_o if_o your_o ground_n be_v good_a and_o a_o deep_a ground_n than_o you_o may_v plant_v your_o tree_n at_o somewhat_o the_o great_a distance_n of_o the_o ground_n that_o most_o tree_n delight_v in_o you_o may_v see_v in_o the_o particular_a chapter_n speak_v of_o each_o kind_a your_o best_a way_n be_v to_o plant_v they_o triangular_a and_o not_o square_a as_o some_o do_v for_o you_o can_v plant_v they_o in_o no_o form_n or_o order_v whatsoever_o to_o be_v more_o please_v to_o the_o most_o noble_a sense_n than_o to_o have_v every_o three_o tree_n to_o make_v a_o equilateral_a triangle_n nor_o in_o no_o other_o way_n whatsoever_o to_o have_v so_o many_o tree_n to_o stand_v in_o such_o or_o any_o piece_n of_o ground_n whatsoever_o at_o such_o a_o distance_n for_o satisfaction_n and_o likewise_o to_o demonstrate_v it_o more_o full_o observe_v these_o two_o follow_a figure_n of_o the_o aforesaid_a piece_n of_o ground_n which_o be_v one_o acre_n and_o be_v a_o geometrical_a square_n but_o before_o i_o show_v you_o a_o draft_n or_o you_o stake_n out_o your_o ground_n for_o your_o hole_n to_o be_v make_v first_o consider_v well_o these_o few_o rule_n first_o observe_v the_o distance_n that_o your_o tree_n ought_v to_o be_v plant_v at_o always_o remember_v that_o if_o your_o ground_n be_v good_a and_o a_o deep_a soil_n that_o then_o your_o tree_n will_v hold_v the_o long_o and_o by_o consequence_n grow_v to_o the_o great_a perfection_n therefore_o plant_v at_o large_a distance_n as_o for_o example_n if_o i_o be_v to_o plant_v this_o acre_n of_o ground_n with_o syder-apple_n as_o for_o instance_n all_o redstrakes_a which_o be_v a_o excellent_a syder-apple_n and_o be_v likewise_o
but_o these_o we_o have_v here_o make_v be_v call_v ambligone_n that_o be_v a_o triangle_n which_o have_v one_o obtuse_a and_o two_o acute_a angle_n etc._n etc._n thus_o have_v show_v you_o most_o of_o the_o regular_a figure_n through_o which_o a_o walk_n may_v pass_v or_o in_o which_o a_o walk_n may_v end_v i_o shall_v now_o show_v how_o a_o walk_n may_v pass_v through_o a_o square_a and_o so_o proceed_v see_v fig._n 26._o you_o may_v make_v your_o walk_n according_a to_o this_o figure_n or_o you_o may_v have_v the_o walk_n break_v into_o the_o square_n in_o the_o middle_a on_o every_o side_n which_o figure_n will_v do_v well_o with_o a_o tree_n in_o the_o centre_n where_o the_o prick_n be_v thus_o see_v fig._n 27._o how_o a_o walk_n may_v end_v in_o a_o square_a may_v well_o be_v perceive_v by_o this_o last_o figure_n beside_o it_o be_v common_a in_o many_o place_n to_o be_v see_v yet_o in_o my_o opinion_n be_v not_o so_o convenient_a for_o a_o walk_n to_o end_v in_o as_o the_o aforesaid_a figure_n from_o these_o forego_n you_o may_v make_v several_a other_o according_a to_o your_o ground_n for_o it_o be_v a_o good_a rule_n to_o cut_v your_o coat_n according_a to_o your_o cloth_n and_o to_o proportion_v the_o figure_n your_o walk_n end_v in_o according_a to_o the_o best_a convenience_n of_o your_o ground_n let_v not_o your_o hand_n always_o for_o copy_n stay_v but_o let_v a_o active_a fancy_n lead_v your_o way_n proportion_n still_o your_o figure_n to_o your_o ground_n whether_o it_o be_v triangle_n square_n or_o round_o some_o of_o these_o figure_n be_v also_o the_o best_a to_o make_v your_o lawn_n that_o be_v a_o spacious_a plane_n join_v to_o your_o house_n which_o let_v be_v in_o largeness_n according_a as_o your_o ground_n will_v permit_v as_o 100_o acre_n or_o more_o this_o lawn_n be_v most_o convenient_a to_o be_v on_o the_o south_n side_n or_o east_n side_n of_o your_o house_n for_o if_o it_o be_v on_o the_o west_n side_n it_o give_v the_o more_o way_n for_o the_o west_n wind_n which_o be_v most_o common_o the_o great_a to_o harm_v your_o house_n by_o its_o free_a passage_n thereto_o also_o if_o your_o best_a room_n front_v your_o lawn_n as_o they_o always_o shall_v do_v the_o afternoon_n be_v the_o most_o usual_a time_n in_o which_o great_a person_n do_v solace_v themselves_o in_o these_o principal_a room_n the_o afternoon_n sun_n will_v then_o be_v offensive_a to_o such_o room_n and_o the_o prospect_n will_v both_o be_v hinder_v and_o not_o so_o pleasant_a for_o the_o sun_n by_o shine_v against_o you_o and_o from_o the_o object_n do_v by_o both_o hinder_v your_o prospect_n and_o most_o prospect_n be_v most_o pleasant_a when_o the_o sun_n shine_v on_o they_o these_o inconvenience_n which_o arise_v from_o your_o lawn_n be_v on_o the_o west_n side_n of_o your_o house_n be_v consider_v i_o thence_o conclude_v by_o the_o rule_n of_o contrary_n that_o it_o be_v most_o convenient_a for_o your_o lawn_n to_o be_v on_o the_o east_n side_n of_o your_o house_n for_o there_o you_o have_v your_o room_n shady_a in_o the_o afternoon_n the_o object_n which_o you_o view_v from_o your_o house_n much_o beautify_v by_o the_o sun_n shine_v upon_o they_o in_o the_o afternoon_n etc._n etc._n for_o the_o aforesaid_a reason_n your_o lawn_n may_v do_v very_o well_o on_o the_o south_n side_n of_o your_o house_n for_o the_o sun_n shine_v most_o part_n of_o the_o day_n on_o that_o side_n of_o your_o house_n do_v much_o add_v to_o the_o beauty_n of_o that_o front_n which_o ought_v to_o be_v the_o best_a front_n of_o your_o house_n therefore_o a_o large_a lawn_n on_o that_o side_n do_v much_o help_n the_o prospect_n to_o the_o house_n and_o also_o from_o it_o a_o lawn_n on_o the_o north_n side_n be_v no_o way_n convenient_a for_o that_o lay_v your_o house_n too_o open_a to_o the_o cold_a north_n wind_n etc._n etc._n wherefore_o let_v your_o north_n and_o west_n side_n be_v plant_v with_o wood_n orchard_n etc._n etc._n a_o square_n be_v no_o ill_a figure_n for_o a_o lawn_n thus_o where_o there_o may_v be_v three_o avenue_n break_v out_o at_o the_o three_o angle_n or_o one_o at_o the_o angle_n opposite_a to_o the_o house_n and_o if_o your_o lawn_n be_v rise_v ground_n to_o the_o house_n some_o tree_n set_v thin_a on_o the_o lawn_n will_v be_v very_o pleasant_a see_v fig._n 28._o your_o lawn_n may_v be_v bound_v with_o walk_n if_o you_o please_v which_o in_o this_o figure_n will_v do_v well_o or_o you_o may_v have_v a_o single_a row_n of_o line-tree_n to_o bound_v your_o lawn_n with_o set_v at_o a_o good_a distance_n one_o from_o another_o they_o will_v show_v the_o shape_n of_o their_o head_n the_o better_a as_o the_o prick_n be_v on_o the_o lawn_n so_o may_v your_o tree_n stand_v but_o leave_v the_o front_n clear_a except_o the_o lawn_n be_v much_o fall_a ground_n from_o the_o house_n let_v the_o figure_n of_o the_o house_n be_v in_o the_o form_n of_o these_o two_o fig._n 28_o 29._o or_o any_o other_o yet_o let_v the_o lawn_n be_v on_o both_o side_n the_o front_n alike_o make_v a_o angle_n at_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o front_n or_o at_o some_o court_n gate_n right_a before_o it_o and_o break_v off_o as_o you_o see_v in_o the_o fig._n at_o a_o convenient_a distance_n from_o the_o house_n a_o single_a row_n of_o line-tree_n set_v at_o 4_o rod_n distance_n as_o they_o be_v in_o the_o fig._n will_v be_v pleasant_a to_o bound_v your_o lawn_n see_v fig._n 29._o from_o these_o two_o you_o may_v make_v several_a but_o still_o mind_n to_o make_v such_o as_o will_v best_o fit_v your_o ground_n a_o circle_n be_v a_o good_a figure_n for_o a_o lawn_n only_o it_o must_v break_v off_o before_o it_o come_v against_o the_o front_n a_o triangle_n be_v also_o a_o very_a proper_a figure_n for_o a_o lawn_n but_o let_v it_o not_o be_v too_o acute_a at_o the_o angle_n which_o lead_v to_o the_o front_n but_o rather_o obtuse_a or_o right_o angle_v at_o the_o angle_n next_o the_o front_n as_o in_o the_o two_o last_o figure_n i_o have_v often_o observe_v some_o field_n lie_v in_o the_o form_n of_o a_o triangle_n lead_v up_o between_o two_o wood_n or_o large_a hedge_n and_o sometime_o i_o have_v see_v a_o house_n at_o the_o angle_n this_o have_v be_v very_o pleasant_a to_o my_o fancy_n especial_o when_o it_o have_v ascend_v up_o hill_n and_o have_v have_v the_o south_n southeast_n or_o east_n aspect_n now_o if_o nobleman_n and_o gentleman_n that_o have_v ground_n convenient_a will_v but_o make_v some_o such_o lawn_n before_o their_o house_n it_o will_v be_v very_o pleasant_a and_o a_o great_a ornament_n to_o their_o seat_n they_o may_v make_v these_o lawn_n and_o clear_v the_o wood_n that_o be_v within_o the_o figure_n of_o they_o as_o it_o decay_v or_o as_o they_o have_v occasion_n the_o charge_n will_v not_o be_v great_a but_o the_o pleasure_n and_o profit_n will_v certain_o be_v great_a and_o last_a i_o do_v prefer_v your_o lime-tree_n to_o bind_v in_o your_o lawn_n because_o it_o be_v a_o tree_n that_o will_v grow_v well_o on_o any_o soil_n have_v but_o care_n to_o plant_v it_o as_o it_o shall_v be_v beside_o the_o fine_a shape_n all_o the_o tree_n will_v natural_o grow_v in_o for_o they_o will_v seem_v as_o though_o they_o be_v cut_v provide_v they_o be_v not_o set_v too_o thick_a for_o then_o one_o hinder_v the_o shape_n of_o another_o the_o elm_n be_v a_o good_a tree_n for_o this_o purpose_n for_o it_o have_v a_o fine_a green_a leaf_n and_o if_o the_o ground_n be_v natural_a for_o it_o it_o will_v grow_v to_o a_o great_a tree_n and_o straight_o if_o keep_v with_o prune_v as_o it_o ought_v to_o be_v these_o tree_n you_o may_v plant_v thick_a round_o your_o lawn_n the_o beech_n in_o ground_n where_o it_o like_v make_v a_o stately_a tree_n so_o do_v the_o walnut_n chesnut_n black_a cherry_n where_o they_o like_v the_o ground_n be_v quick_a grower_n and_o very_o pleasant_a in_o the_o spring_n when_o they_o be_v clothe_v in_o their_o white_a garment_n and_o indeed_o any_o tree_n that_o be_v not_o very_o dangerous_a to_o remove_v as_o be_v the_o stately_a oak_n and_o pines_n which_o be_v the_o very_o best_a be_v it_o not_o for_o this_o fault_n the_o fir_n and_o ewe_n be_v not_o so_o difficult_a they_o will_v do_v well_o where_o they_o like_v the_o ground_n etc._n etc._n now_o where_o man_n have_v not_o the_o convenience_n or_o the_o quantity_n of_o ground_n if_o they_o make_v but_o 20_o acre_n in_o a_o field_n in_o some_o good_a figure_n lead_v to_o the_o house_n it_o will_v be_v the_o more_o pleasant_a and_o the_o charge_n as_o little_a as_o to_o do_v it_o other_o way_n chap._n thirty-nine_o of_o several_a superficial_a
up_o your_o instrument_n be_v it_o water-level_n or_o ground-level_n with_o sight_n and_o when_o you_o have_v place_v it_o so_o high_a as_o you_o may_v see_v over_o the_o high_a part_n of_o the_o ground_n as_o half_a a_o foot_n or_o a_o foot_n than_o set_v a_o stake_n in_o the_o middle_n the_o top_n exact_o level_a with_o the_o sight_n and_o one_o on_o the_o high_a side_n the_o top_n level_v with_o the_o middle_a stake_n then_o turn_v the_o level_n or_o lood_n back_o sight_n and_o set_v one_o level_v with_o these_o two_o on_o the_o low_a ground_n so_o have_v you_o three_o stake_n in_o line_n level_a keep_v your_o level_n true_a to_o your_o middle-stake_n and_o turn_v your_o level_n till_o it_o make_v right-angle_n with_o these_o three_o stake_n and_o set_v up_o two_o stake_n at_o each_o side_n one_o level_v with_o those_o three_o so_o have_v you_o five_o stake_n set_v true_a level_n in_o two_o line_n and_o if_o your_o ground_n be_v large_a you_o may_v set_v up_o two_o row_v more_o by_o the_o level_n but_o in_o small_a ground_n 5_o stake_n be_v enough_o then_o may_v you_o lay_v by_o your_o level_n and_o look_v over_o the_o head_n of_o one_o to_o the_o head_n of_o another_o cause_n your_o assistant_n to_o put_v down_o stake_n between_o two_o and_o two_o till_o you_o have_v set_v as_o many_o stake_n level_v in_o your_o ground_n as_o you_o think_v convenient_a or_o you_o may_v have_v a_o rule_n and_o look_v over_o the_o edge_n of_o that_o it_o be_v level_a with_o the_o head_n of_o the_o stake_n to_o the_o head_n of_o the_o other_o and_o put_v stake_n down_o between_o you_o and_o the_o other_o stake_n what_o number_v you_o please_v thus_o have_v stake_v out_o your_o ground_n with_o all_o the_o stake_n head_n level_a and_o half_a a_o foot_n high_o than_o the_o high_a part_n of_o your_o ground_n in_o some_o ground_n the_o middle-stake_n and_o the_o stake_n in_o the_o cross-line_n will_v be_v the_o level-line_n the_o ground_n must_v be_v bring_v to_o that_o be_v abate_v the_o hill_n and_o fill_v up_o the_o low-side_n to_o the_o level_n of_o the_o mid-line_n but_o if_o your_o ground_n be_v very_o uneven_a than_o you_o must_v measure_v over_o all_o the_o stake_n and_o take_v they_o middle-high_a for_o their_o mean_a level_n and_o by_o the_o rule_n of_o three_o proportion_n your_o ground_n to_o that_o suppose_v a_o valley_n be_v 10_o pole_n long_o and_o two_o foot_n deep_a from_o the_o straight_a line_n and_o there_o be_v a_o hill_n 5_o pole_n long_o how_o many_o foot_n deep_o must_v i_o go_v in_o that_o 5_o pole_n of_o the_o hill_n to_o fill_v up_o this_o valley_n this_o may_v be_v answer_v by_o the_o rule_n of_o three_o inverse_n or_o back_o rule_n of_o three_o the_o rule_n order_v itself_o thus_o as_o 5_o be_v to_o 2_o so_o be_v 10_o to_o 4_o so_o if_o you_o work_v it_o by_o the_o line_n of_o number_n extend_v your_o compass_n from_o 5_o to_o 2_o that_o same_o extent_n will_v reach_v from_o 10_o to_o 4_o so_o than_o you_o must_v go_v 4_o foot_n deep_a in_o such_o a_o hill_n to_o make_v good_a such_o a_o valley_n as_o be_v before_o say_v suppose_v you_o be_v to_o abutt_o the_o top_n of_o a_o hill_n four_o foot_n deep_a and_o 1._o 2_o pole_n from_o the_o top_n of_o that_o hill_n that_o 4_o foot_n be_v to_o come_v out_o this_o be_v easy_o perform_v though_o a_o leveller_n to_o the_o best_a man_n in_o the_o land_n do_v not_o understand_v it_o set_v up_o a_o stake_n on_o the_o top_n of_o the_o hill_n two_o foot_n or_o three_o foot_n long_o above_o ground_n and_o another_o at_o the_o same_o height_n where_o your_o depth_n come_v out_o three_o rod_n from_o that_o set_v a_o stake_n down_o till_o the_o head_n come_v to_o be_v in_o a_o line_n with_o these_o 2_o and_o at_o that_o stake_n you_o must_v be_v one_o foot_n deep_a at_o 6_o pole_n another_o as_o before_o there_o you_o must_v be_v two_o foot_n deep_a another_o at_o 9_o pole_n there_o you_o must_v sink_v three_o foot_n you_o may_v set_v more_o stake_n at_o equal_a distance_n which_o 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