Selected quad for the lemma: ground_n

Word A Word B Word C Word D Occurrence Frequency Band MI MI Band Prominent
ground_n leaf_n long_a stalk_n 1,752 5 11.3673 5 false
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ID Title Author Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication) STC Words Pages
A34425 The manner of raising, ordering, and improving forrest-trees also, how to plant, make and keep woods, walks, avenues, lawns, hedges, &c. : with several figures proper for avenues and walks to end in, and convenient figures for lawns : also rules by M. Cook. Cook, Moses. 1676 (1676) Wing C6032; ESTC R20593 184,153 232

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and_o for_o tree_n or_o plant_n that_o shoot_v much_o in_o a_o year_n for_o it_o yield_v a_o great_a fume_v and_o such_o plant_n can_v well_o dispose_v of_o it_o cowdung_n be_v a_o good_a soil_n for_o most_o tree_n or_o plant_n of_o hot_a ground_n and_o better_a for_o durable_a plant_n than_o it_o be_v for_o annual_n it_o be_v excellent_a for_o many_o sort_n of_o rare_a flower_n if_o first_o it_o be_v thorow-rotten_a and_o then_o dry_v and_o beat_v to_o dust_n and_o some_o fresh_a fine_a earth_n then_o mix_v well_o with_o it_o deers-dung_n be_v much_o of_o the_o nature_n of_o cow_n or_o bullock_n but_o it_o be_v more_o proper_a for_o tender_a and_o small_a plant_n sheeps-dung_n be_v also_o of_o the_o same_o nature_n but_o more_o agreeable_a to_o tender_v and_o small_a seed_n and_o plant_n by_o this_o our_o yeoman_n and_o farmer_n find_v good_a profit_n by_o fold_v their_o sheep_n every_o night_n on_o their_o own_o land_n for_o there_o they_o find_v a_o far_o certain_a benefit_n on_o their_o ground_n by_o the_o dung_n and_o urine_n which_o the_o sheep_n make_v in_o one_o night_n though_o it_o be_v not_o long_o last_v yet_o it_o be_v a_o sure_a help_n for_o the_o first_o crop_n and_o a_o good_a addition_n to_o the_o second_o this_o may_v teach_v you_o that_o a_o thin_a sprinkle_n of_o dung_n be_v more_o sure_a most_o year_n for_o your_o corn-land_n than_o great_a quantity_n and_o also_o that_o to_o break_v your_o dung_n small_a be_v best_a for_o the_o small_a the_o better_o especial_o if_o you_o have_v lay_v it_o on_o your_o ground_n not_o long_o before_o you_o sow_v especial_o for_o your_o summer-crop_n from_o this_o i_o do_v advise_v my_o ingenuous_a countryman_n of_o these_o few_o rule_n which_o be_v speak_v before_o to_o well_o observe_v the_o nature_n of_o your_o land_n and_o by_o so_o do_v to_o enrich_v it_o with_o such_o soil_n and_o dung_n as_o be_v most_o natural_a to_o the_o ground_n and_o to_o the_o seed_n you_o intend_v to_o sow_v on_o it_o and_o to_o lay_v it_o on_o your_o ground_n at_o the_o most_o convenient_a time_n first_o as_o to_o the_o ground_n i_o have_v hint_v at_o many_o useful_a compost_n and_o also_o that_o several_a of_o they_o be_v far_o more_o proper_a for_o some_o ground_n than_o they_o be_v for_o other_o though_o there_o be_v many_o more_o sort_n that_o may_v be_v and_o be_v make_v use_n of_o to_o very_o good_a effect_n yet_o i_o shall_v not_o trouble_v myself_o nor_o you_o with_o the_o name_v any_o more_o know_v that_o he_o that_o understand_v to_o number_v to_o 20_o in_o arithmetic_n may_v soon_o count_v to_o a_o 100_o now_o as_o to_o the_o seed_n you_o intend_v to_o sow_v whether_o it_o be_v of_o tree_n plant_n or_o any_o sort_n of_o grain_n the_o small_a your_o seed_n be_v make_v the_o ground_n the_o fine_a the_o quick_a your_o seed_n be_v of_o growth_n and_o the_o more_o they_o run_v into_o stalk_n or_o leaf_n your_o dung_n may_v then_o be_v the_o new_a and_o strong_a and_o the_o more_o in_o quantity_n according_a to_o the_o digestion_n of_o your_o plant_n but_o if_o for_o tree_n or_o plant_n of_o long_a last_a then_o let_v the_o dung_n be_v the_o more_o rot_a and_o the_o more_o they_o be_v apt_a to_o shoot_v great_a shoot_n the_o more_o you_o may_v allow_v they_o but_o let_v they_o be_v sure_a of_o some_o such_o ground_n as_o they_o natural_o delight_v to_o grow_v in_o and_o also_o to_o allow_v they_o room_n that_o be_v large_a enough_o for_o high_a and_o lofty_a spirit_n do_v not_o love_v to_o be_v confine_v to_o little_a and_o small_a cottage_n and_o as_o for_o lay_v it_o on_o your_o ground_n if_o the_o time_n be_v the_o spring_n that_o be_v most_o proper_a to_o sow_v your_o seed_n then_o lay_v such_o dung_n as_o be_v hot_a and_o dry_a early_a on_o your_o ground_n and_o rather_o err_v in_o too_o little_a than_o too_o much_o such_o dung_n as_o be_v your_o pigeon_n hen_n sea-coal-ash_n etc._n etc._n but_o if_o they_o be_v hot_a and_o moist_a such_o as_o horse-dung_n horselitter_n or_o green_a grass_n hay_o etc._n etc._n these_o be_v most_o proper_a for_o annual_n and_o it_o be_v not_o good_a to_o be_v too_o spare_v towards_o these_o tender_a plant_n rather_o err_v in_o keep_v your_o dung_n too_o dry_a than_o too_o wet_a for_o in_o so_o do_v you_o shall_v keep_v its_o heat_n the_o long_o and_o have_v the_o more_o command_n to_o keep_v it_o so_o but_o if_o you_o have_v occasion_n to_o lay_v dung_n on_o ground_n to_o help_v such_o tree_n or_o plant_n as_o be_v not_o annual_a but_o more_o slow_a in_o their_o progress_n then_o mix_v such_o dung_n thin_a and_o not_o too_o near_o the_o root_n but_o if_o it_o be_v the_o autumn_n season_n that_o you_o have_v occasion_n to_o lay_v it_o on_o your_o land_n then_o lay_v it_o something_o thick_a for_o the_o winter_n will_v qualify_v the_o strength_n and_o heat_n of_o it_o to_o conclude_v if_o you_o be_v to_o lay_v dung_n on_o land_n that_o you_o be_v to_o sow_v with_o seed_n that_o do_v not_o run_v much_o into_o stalk_n 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all_o over_o by_o so_o do_v you_o will_v save_v that_o oily_a water_n which_o will_v soak_v from_o the_o dung_n by_o shower_n of_o rain_n into_o the_o earth_n under_o the_o dung_n and_o by_o cover_v your_o dung_n with_o earth_n it_o will_v keep_v the_o sun_n from_o dry_v out_o that_o moisture_n and_o whatever_o fume_n arise_v the_o earth_n on_o the_o top_n will_v receive_v be_v sure_a you_o let_v it_o not_o grow_v with_o weed_n on_o the_o top_n but_o when_o you_o find_v they_o to_o appear_v take_v they_o off_o and_o suffer_v none_o to_o grow_v on_o your_o compost_n or_o turn_v it_o over_o and_o mix_v it_o with_o your_o earth_n below_o however_o let_v it_o be_v mix_v together_o before_o you_o lay_v it_o on_o your_o land_n thus_o do_v with_o new_a horse-dung_n and_o litter_n but_o if_o it_o be_v any_o other_o dung_n lay_v it_o on_o your_o land_n as_o soon_o as_o opportunity_n serve_v for_o the_o long_o you_o let_v it_o lie_v the_o more_o it_o lose_v of_o its_o strength_n therefore_o lay_v it_o on_o rather_o too_o thin_a and_o in_o dry_a weather_n and_o early_o to_o assist_v nature_n do_v thou_o not_o neglect_v use_v she_o not_o rough_o lest_o there_o be_v defect_n thus_o much_o may_v serve_v for_o tree_n but_o if_o it_o be_v for_o flower_n or_o other_o fine_a and_o tender_a plant_n you_o then_o must_v be_v more_o curious_a and_o mix_v your_o earth_n better_o but_o they_o be_v out_o of_o my_o road_n at_o this_o time_n the_o main_a business_n be_v to_o prepare_v your_o ground_n so_o that_o there_o may_v be_v room_n for_o the_o root_n to_o run_v in_o to_o fetch_v their_o nourishment_n as_o for_o tree_n and_o plant_n that_o root_v deep_a trench_v your_o ground_n according_o etc._n etc._n now_o for_o to_o please_v the_o tree_n or_o plant_n with_o such_o earth_n as_o it_o delight_v to_o be_v in_o add_v such_o a_o quantity_n of_o dung_n as_o may_v be_v suitable_a to_o the_o growth_n of_o your_o tree_n or_o plant_n thereby_o to_o make_v a_o fume_n to_o feed_v it_o for_o let_v this_o fume_n be_v make_v of_o what_o it_o will_v for-my_a part_n i_o shall_v not_o contend_v whether_o it_o be_v salt_n sulphur_n or_o mercury_n or_o as_o some_o affirm_v that_o it_o be_v salt_n sulphur_n mercury_n and_o spirit_n all_o or_o any_o one_o of_o these_o that_o feed_v the_o plant_n of_o this_o terrestrial_a globe_n or_o if_o it_o be_v fire_n earth_n water_n or_o air_n as_o be_v former_o the_o opinion_n of_o the_o learned_a for_o sulphur_n or_o brimstone_n may_v answer_v to_o fire_n salt_n to_o the_o earth_n mercury_n to_o water_n spirit_n to_o air._n for_o it_o be_v certain_a that_o
well_o and_o seed_n and_o small_a plant_n often_o use_v not_o well-water_n especial_o for_o tender_a plant_n for_o it_o be_v so_o strain_v through_o the_o earth_n that_o it_o have_v little_a spirit_n to_o make_v nourishment_n in_o it_o for_o plant_n river_n that_o run_v quick_a and_o long_o on_o sharp_a gravel_n be_v little_o better_a therefore_o if_o you_o must_v use_v such_o let_v they_o stand_v some_o time_n in_o the_o sun_n in_o tub_n etc._n etc._n mix_v with_o dung_n let_v the_o quantity_n and_o quality_n of_o your_o dung_n be_v according_a to_o the_o nature_n of_o your_o plant_n as_o if_o your_o plant_n be_v great_a grower_n and_o require_v heat_n than_o put_v horse-dung_n etc._n etc._n in_o the_o water_n if_o your_o plant_n be_v fine_a and_o tender_a than_o put_v sheep_n dung_n or_o cows-dung_n etc._n etc._n into_o the_o water_n remember_v that_o if_o you_o think_v your_o ground_n be_v bad_a you_o must_v add_v the_o more_o dung_n if_o your_o water_n be_v bad_a as_o be_v 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though_o some_o of_o the_o aforesaid_a way_n for_o some_o tree_n be_v much_o easy_a and_o quick_a good_a air_n for_o plant_n as_o well_o as_o man_n be_v much_o assist_v to_o their_o health_n and_o life_n for_o without_o this_o nothing_o can_v live_v and_o that_o which_o be_v most_o healthful_a for_o tender_a man_n be_v also_o the_o best_a for_o tender_a plant_n aire_n take_v up_o the_o earthy_a exhalation_n of_o all_o sort_n and_o there_o mingle_v they_o together_o and_o be_v touch_v with_o celestial_a fire_n it_o reduce_v they_o into_o general_a principle_n for_o great_a use_n i_o shall_v say_v no_o more_o of_o air_n for_o it_o be_v a_o hermaphrodite_n and_o be_v enclose_v in_o water_n therefore_o near_o akin_a to_o it_o chap._n x._o of_o the_o oak_n raise_v and_o improve_n i_o shall_v not_o trouble_v you_o with_o the_o several_a kind_n there_o be_v though_o the_o learned_a j._n evelyn_n esq_n reduce_v they_o to_o four_o in_o his_o discourse_n of_o forest-tree_n but_o if_o they_o be_v 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i_o have_v tell_v you_o before_o have_v make_v ready_a your_o holes_n and_o take_v up_o your_o tree_n well_o i_o advise_v you_o to_o open_v the_o earth_n well_o round_o your_o tree_n keep_v the_o side_n of_o your_o spade_n to_o the_o body_n of_o your_o tree_n to_o prevent_v cut_v the_o root_n when_o you_o take_v they_o up_o and_o also_o to_o dig_v deep_a round_o the_o tree_n that_o when_o you_o come_v to_o pull_v up_o your_o tree_n it_o may_v come_v up_o easy_o which_o will_v prevent_v those_o root_n which_o grow_v elbow-like_a which_o if_o they_o do_v not_o break_v off_o in_o pull_v up_o by_o strain_v they_o to_o pull_v up_o they_o will_v crack_v so_o in_o the_o elbow_n that_o they_o will_v never_o grow_v nor_o put_v forth_o root_n below_o that_o place_n therefore_o for_o such_o tree_n as_o be_v ticklish_a to_o remove_v take_v the_o more_o time_n lest_o you_o verify_v the_o old_a proverb_n which_o say_v too_o much_o haste_n oft_o make_v waste_v such_o root_n as_o you_o find_v bruise_v or_o much_o crack_v cut_v they_o off_o till_o you_o come_v at_o firm_a sound_a root_n such_o tree_n as_o be_v slow-growers_a as_o the_o oak_n be_v you_o may_v prune_v up_o to_o the_o small_a head_n as_o if_o your_o tree_n be_v taper_n and_o straight_o you_o may_v prune_v up_o such_o a_o tree_n to_o one_o shoot_v but_o if_o your_o tree_n be_v not_o taper_n then_o leave_v two_o side-bough_n or_o more_o to_o receive_v some_o of_o the_o sap_n which_o will_v make_v the_o shoot_n that_o you_o intend_v shall_v lead_v to_o make_v the_o body_n of_o the_o tree_n the_o small_a and_o so_o
to_o vindicate_v what_o i_o have_v say_v of_o it_o for_o walk_n i_o shall_v lay_v down_o these_o follow_a reason_n 1._o i_o do_v suppose_v with_o myself_o that_o whosoever_o be_v a_o lover_n of_o walk_n will_v not_o fell_v the_o timber-tree_n in_o a_o stately_a walk_n while_o the_o timber_n be_v in_o its_o prime_n for_o most_o tree_n will_v continue_v many_o year_n very_o ornamental_a after_o they_o be_v in_o their_o prime_n even_o while_o they_o be_v fit_a for_o no_o use_n but_o fire_n wood_n and_o why_o not_o the_o line_n then_o for_o walk_n as_o well_o as_o any_o sort_n of_o timber_n tree_n 2._o it_o will_v grow_v as_o well_o on_o different_a ground_n as_o any_o tree_n i_o know_v which_o be_v a_o considerable_a encouragement_n to_o the_o ingenious_a planter_n to_o see_v their_o labour_n prosper_v 3._o it_o will_v grow_v as_o great_a and_o as_o high_a if_o keep_v with_o prune_v up_o as_o most_o tree_n we_o have_v for_o the_o greatness_n of_o it_o i_o shall_v borrow_v the_o word_n of_o the_o learned_a dr._n brown_n which_o he_o write_v to_o esquire_n evelyn_n as_o he_o have_v it_o in_o his_o discourse_n of_o forrest-tree_n chap._n 29._o pag._n 82._o his_o word_n be_v these_o a_o extraordinary_a large_a and_o stately_a tilia_fw-la linden_n or_o linetree_n there_o grow_v at_o depenham_n in_o norfolk_n ten_o mile_n from_o norwich_n who_o measure_n be_v this_o the_o compass_n in_o the_o least_o part_n of_o the_o trunk_n or_o body_n about_o two_o yard_n from_o the_o ground_n be_v at_o least_o eight_o yard_n and_o a_o half_a about_o the_o root_n nigh_o the_o earth_n sixteen_o yard_n in_o circuit_n the_o height_n to_o the_o uppermost_a bough_n about_o thirty_o yard_n etc._n etc._n this_o be_v one_o of_o the_o broad-leaved_n line_n which_o how_o great_a and_o stately_a they_o grow_v you_o may_v observe_v out_o of_o this_o wise_a and_o learned_a doctor_n discourse_n who_o commend_v this_o tree_n with_o the_o epithet_n of_o large_a and_o stately_a 4._o it_o will_v last_o sound_v long_o as_o appear_v by_o the_o greatness_n of_o its_o grow_n 5._o it_o be_v a_o tree_n will_v soon_o grow_v over_o the_o place_n where_o you_o cut_v off_o side_n bough_n and_o be_v not_o subject_a to_o put_v forth_o many_o 6._o it_o be_v a_o tree_n that_o natural_o grow_v taper_n and_o straight_o 7._o no_o tree_n keep_v such_o a_o constant_a pyramid-shape_n as_o this_o the_o head_n of_o other_o tree_n grow_v of_o several_a shape_n and_o form_n though_o all_o of_o one_o kind_a this_o keep_v its_o head_n as_o if_o it_o be_v cut_v and_o the_o body_n straight_o 8._o for_o shade_n few_o better_a have_v a_o thick_a head_n and_o large_a leave_n only_o it_o drop_v his_o leave_n too_o soon_o 9_o the_o bark_n of_o this_o tree_n be_v tough_a keep_v its_o head_n from_o break_v off_o by_o great_a wind_n 10._o it_o be_v a_o tree_n that_o as_o seldom_o blow_v aside_o as_o any_o tree_n whatsoever_o for_o its_o mat_a root_n and_o taper-body_n preserve_v he_o upright_o all_o his_o life-time_n 11._o the_o flower_n be_v beautiful_a the_o scent_n count_v healthful_a and_o break_v out_o strange_o on_o the_o side_n of_o the_o leave_n much_o different_a from_o other_o flower_n of_o tree_n or_o plant_n 12._o the_o shoot_v be_v of_o a_o fine_a red_a glossie_n colour_n be_v very_o please_v to_o behold_v in_o the_o winter-season_n 13._o it_o be_v a_o tree_n that_o seldom_o grow_v hollow_a in_o the_o body_n for_o it_o soon_o overgrow_v the_o wound_n and_o so_o keep_v himself_o sound_a both_o body_n and_o limb._n 14._o it_o be_v the_o best_a wood_n for_o carve_v that_o be_v know_v 15._o at_o last_o when_o he_o be_v dead_a his_o bark_n will_v make_v you_o mat_n and_o rope_n useful_a for_o several_a thing_n 16._o and_o last_o its_o wood_n be_v a_o good_a sweet_a free-burning_a firewood_n the_o charcoal_n make_v of_o it_o be_v commend_v before_o all_o other_o for_o gunpowder_n now_o put_v all_o these_o together_o and_o judge_v if_o this_o be_v not_o a_o fine_a tree_n for_o walk_n but_o if_o you_o will_v have_v they_o shape_v themselves_o fine_o set_v they_o two_o rod_n asunder_o if_o for_o a_o shady_a walk_n what_o distance_n you_o please_v i_o fancy_n that_o a_o single_a row_n to_o bound_v a_o lawn_n round_o set_v two_o or_o three_o rod_n asunder_o will_v be_v mighty_a oblige_v to_o the_o noble_a sense_n for_o than_o they_o will_v show_v themselves_o more_o clear_o than_o when_o set_v in_o double_a row_v to_o make_v walk_n or_o they_o will_v show_v mighty_a well_o set_v thin_a on_o the_o side-of_a a_o hill_n one_o top_v another_o with_o their_o curious_a natural_a shape_n and_o so_o adieu_o my_o belove_a line-tree_n if_o treat_v of_o the_o line_n i_o have_v write_v amiss_o i_o will_v thank_v you_o if_o you_o will_v show_v wherein_o it_o be_v but_o if_o you_o meet_v with_o any_o thing_n do_v well_o say_v nothing_o on_o it_o but_o study_v to_o excel_v chap._n xix_o of_o raise_v and_o order_v the_o maple_n the_o maple-tree_n be_v very_o plentiful_a in_o most_o place_n of_o england_n where_o there_o be_v any_o hedge_n or_o wood_n but_o as_o for_o the_o kind_n i_o know_v but_o one_o sort_n though_o author_n tell_v you_o of_o more_o it_o be_v increase_v and_o do_v increase_v itself_o by_o seed_n and_o layer_n and_o from_o the_o root_n of_o mother_n old_a tree_n and_o by_o sucker_n which_o make_v it_o so_o plentiful_a the_o seed_n will_v lie_v a_o year_n in_o ground_n before_o they_o come_v up_o therefore_o you_o may_v order_v they_o as_o be_v before_o say_v of_o the_o ash_n you_o may_v increase_v it_o by_o lay_v as_o be_v direct_v in_o chap._n 5._o for_o to_o thicken_v your_o wood_n or_o hedge_n but_o if_o you_o let_v it_o grow_v into_o tree_n it_o destroy_v the_o wood_n under_o it_o for_o it_o receive_v a_o clammy_a honey-dew_n on_o its_o leave_n which_o when_o it_o be_v wash_v off_o by_o rains_n and_o fall_v upon_o the_o bud_n of_o those_o tree_n under_o it_o its_o clamminess_n keep_v those_o bud_n from_o open_v and_o so_o by_o degree_n kill_v all_o the_o wood_n under_o it_o therefore_o suffer_v not_o high_a tree_n or_o pollard_n to_o grow_v in_o your_o hedge_n but_o fall_v they_o close_o to_o the_o ground_n and_o so_o it_o will_v thicken_v your_o hedge_n and_o not_o spoil_v its_o neighbour_n so_o much_o you_o may_v increase_v it_o from_o the_o root_n of_o a_o old_a tree_n as_o be_v show_v in_o chap._n 7._o it_o be_v a_o good_a wood_n to_o plant_v for_o under-wood_n in_o coppice_n and_o wood_n for_o it_o produce_v a_o good_a shoot_n and_o thicken_v your_o wood_n it_o love_v a_o dry_a ground_n or_o bank_n best_a chap._n xx._n the_o raise_v and_o order_v the_o sycamore_n this_o fine_a tree_n be_v much_o out_o of_o favour_n with_o a_o great_a many_o for_o these_o reason_n viz._n because_o the_o leave_n fall_v upon_o their_o walk_n turn_v into_o soil_n soon_o and_o so_o spoil_v they_o breed_v grass_n and_o weed_n and_o also_o that_o notwithstanding_o its_o fine_a shade_n it_o be_v not_o good_a to_o plant_v they_o near_o 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dry_a and_o light_a it_o grow_v fast_o it_o produce_v tall_a tough_a and_o good_a timber_n for_o several_a use_n it_o grow_v apace_o from_o a_o stub_n and_o be_v good_a firewood_n it_o may_v be_v raise_v of_o seed_n which_o be_v best_a or_o by_o lay_v or_o by_o root_n sow_v the_o seed_n not_o on_o too_o wet_a or_o stiff_a ground_n as_o soon_o as_o it_o be_v ripe_a and_o the_o next_o spring_n it_o will_v come_v up_o whereby_o on_o a_o little_a ground_n you_o may_v raise_v a_o great_a many_o plant_n to_o set_v in_o your_o nursery_n keep_v they_o clean_o from_o weed_n by_o dig_v and_o prune_v up_o every_o year_n till_o you_o have_v get_v they_o
big_a enough_o for_o walk_n wood_n or_o what_o you_o please_v thus_o much_o at_o this_o time_n of_o the_o sycamore_n only_o remember_v as_o i_o say_v before_o that_o it_o be_v a_o good_a wood_n to_o plant_v in_o coppice_n and_o wood_n chap._n xxi_o of_o raise_v and_o order_v the_o hornbeam_n i_o tell_v you_o but_o now_o of_o the_o sycamore_n be_v fit_a to_o be_v set_v in_o park_n because_o deer_n do_v not_o often_o bark_v they_o but_o of_o all_o tree_n that_o i_o know_v for_o that_o purpose_n this_o be_v the_o best_a for_o a_o deer_n will_v starve_v before_o he_o will_v so_o much_o as_o taste_v the_o bark_n of_o the_o hornbeam_n they_o do_v not_o love_v much_o the_o very_a small_a top_n this_o tree_n may_v be_v raise_v of_o seed_n or_o by_o lay_v but_o by_o seed_n be_v best_a though_o the_o young_a seedling_n be_v tender_a the_o seed_n may_v be_v sow_v at_o the_o time_n direct_v for_o the_o ash_n for_o it_o lie_v a_o year_n in_o the_o ground_n before_o it_o come_v up_o and_o then_o you_o must_v look_v to_o keep_v it_o well_o shade_a or_o else_o it_o will_v soon_o be_v go_v than_o you_o think_v for_o it_o natural_o love_v to_o grow_v on_o stiff_a ground_n where_o it_o will_v grow_v and_o bring_v great_a lop_v to_o the_o owner_n when_o the_o tree_n be_v but_o a_o very_a shell_n as_o indeed_o most_o old_a tree_n be_v hollow_a within_o which_o i_o judge_v not_o to_o be_v the_o nature_n of_o the_o tree_n so_o to_o grow_v but_o the_o fault_n of_o those_o that_o look_v to_o they_o for_o they_o have_v too_o many_o master_n which_o be_v bad_a husband_n and_o no_o friend_n to_o this_o tree_n and_o many_o other_o as_o the_o elm_n ash_n etc._n etc._n who_o let_v the_o lordship_n be_v great_a before_o they_o lop_v they_o perswade_v themselves_o that_o they_o have_v more_o great_a wood_n which_o be_v most_o useful_a never_o consider_v that_o great_a lop_v do_v endanger_v the_o life_n of_o the_o tree_n or_o at_o best_a wound_n it_o so_o much_o that_o many_o tree_n decay_v 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error_n but_o our_o ordinary_a husbandman_n will_v vindicate_v their_o countrey-husbandry_n to_o be_v better_a than_o the_o next_o for_o indeed_o country_n do_v differ_v much_o in_o the_o order_n of_o tree_n and_o hedge_n and_o they_o as_o much_o condemn_v we_o for_o it_o be_v as_o hard_a to_o persuade_v they_o out_o of_o their_o self-conceited_a opinion_n and_o tradition_n as_o it_o be_v to_o make_v a_o jew_n turn_n christian_n this_o tree_n make_v the_o very_o best_a hedge_n of_o any_o tree_n we_o have_v in_o england_n that_o shed_v the_o leaf_n i_o mean_v for_o ornament_n for_o you_o may_v keep_v it_o in_o what_o form_n you_o please_v and_o it_o will_v grow_v very_o thick_a to_o the_o very_a ground_n therefore_o to_o make_v a_o private_a walk_n or_o to_o sense_n in_o avenue_n at_o a_o convenient_a distance_n without_o the_o bound-range_a of_o tree_n or_o walk_n or_o to_o hedge_v in_o riding_n causewayes_o or_o to_o make_v close_a walk_n or_o arbour_n this_o tree_n be_v much_o to_o be_v commend_v especial_o on_o such_o ground_n which_o it_o like_v you_o may_v be_v better_o satisfy_v about_o this_o tree_n at_o hampton-court_n in_o his_o majesty_n garden_n which_o be_v keep_v by_o the_o ingenious_a artist_n and_o my_o good_a friend_n mr._n tobias_n gatts_n it_o be_v good_a firewood_n and_o yield_v good_a increase_n both_o from_o stub_n and_o pollard_n it_o increase_v much_o by_o sow_v itself_o therefore_o you_o that_o love_v plant_n get_v a_o few_o into_o your_o plantation_n and_o try_v whether_o they_o will_v thrive_v with_o you_o or_o not_o which_o doubtless_o it_o will_v on_o many_o ground_n where_o now_o it_o be_v not_o and_o so_o will_v many_o other_o tree_n do_v mighty_a well_o in_o wood_n and_o coppice_n to_o thicken_v they_o and_o make_v they_o the_o more_o beautiful_a especial_o those_o that_o increase_n from_o the_o run_a root_n as_o the_o noble_a elm_n cherry_n sarvice_n abel_n poplar_n etc._n etc._n and_o some_o other_o for_o to_o seed_v if_o you_o have_v they_o not_o as_o ash_n sycamore_n line_n hornbeam_n maple_n quickbeam_n etc._n etc._n and_o with_o those_o which_o you_o see_v thrive_v best_o you_o may_v at_o every_o fall_v furnish_v your_o wood_n where_o they_o be_v thin_a and_o i_o do_v assure_v you_o it_o will_v pay_v you_o for_o your_o pain_n with_o interest_n chap._n xxii_o of_o raise_v the_o quickbeam_n the_o quickbeam_n whitchen_n or_o wild-ash_n though_o very_o scarce_o in_o the_o south_n part_n of_o this_o land_n be_v pretty_a plentiful_a in_o some_o part_n of_o the_o north_n as_o in_o nottinghamshire_n etc._n etc._n and_o will_v be_v there_o more_o plentiful_a be_v it_o suffer_v to_o grow_v great_a to_o bear_v the_o great_a quantity_n of_o seed_n for_o i_o think_v it_o increase_v as_o the_o ash_n do_v only_o from_o seed_n it_o produce_v straight_o small_a and_o long_o shoot_v which_o in_o that_o country_n they_o cut_v off_o while_o they_o be_v young_a to_o make_v goad_n as_o they_o call_v they_o or_o whip_n to_o drive_v their_o ox_n with_o for_o it_o be_v as_o tough_a a_o wood_n as_o most_o be_v i_o do_v guess_v the_o seed_n lie_v a_o year_n in_o the_o ground_n before_o they_o come_v up_o i_o be_o now_o about_o try_v to_o raise_v some_o let_v i_o desire_v some_o kind_a planter_n to_o get_v some_o of_o this_o wood_n into_o their_o bound_n where_o it_o be_v not_o that_o it_o may_v be_v try_v whether_o it_o will_v grow_v in_o the_o south_n or_o not_o as_o no_o doubt_n but_o it_o will_v if_o you_o will_v but_o try_v i_o shall_v say_v no_o more_o of_o this_o tree_n because_o i_o can_v yet_o speak_v much_o on_o my_o own_o knowledge_n chap._n xxiii_o of_o raise_v the_o birch_n this_o tree_n increase_v froom_n the_o root_n or_o sucker_n and_o for_o aught_o i_o know_v it_o may_v be_v raise_v of_o seed_n for_o i_o do_v suppose_v there_o be_v seed_n in_o that_o which_o it_o shed_v in_o the_o spring_n though_o i_o have_v not_o yet_o try_v it_o delight_v to_o grow_v on_o your_o hungry_a gravel_n as_o it_o do_v about_o cashicbury_n in_o several_a wood_n therefore_o you_o that_o have_v barren_a ground_n where_o your_o wood_n be_v get_v some_o set_n of_o this_o wood_n to_o help_v to_o thicken_v your_o wood_n for_o though_o it_o be_v one_o of_o the_o worst_a of_o wood_n yet_o it_o be_v very_o useful_a and_o the_o great_a god_n have_v order_v it_o to_o be_v content_v with_o the_o worst_a of_o ground_n and_o beside_o that_o it_o shall_v not_o be_v despise_v by_o his_o servant_n he_o have_v endow_v it_o with_o a_o faculty_n of_o attract_v and_o prepare_v from_o the_o earth_n a_o very_a medicinal_a liquor_n which_o be_v both_o pleasant_a and_o healthful_a for_o man_n which_o to_o take_v from_o the_o tree_n and_o also_o to_o prepare_v this_o water_n and_o to_o demonstrate_v what_o disease_n it_o be_v good_a for_o i_o shall_v make_v bold_a to_o borrow_v out_o of_o esquire_n evelyn_n discourse_n of_o forrest-tree_n pag._n 32_o etc._n etc._n about_o the_o begin_n of_o march_n with_o a_o chisel_n and_o a_o mallet_n cut_v a_o slit_n almost_o as_o deep_a as_o the_o very_a pith_n under_o some_o bough_n or_o branch_n of_o a_o well-spreading_a birch_n cut_v it_o oblique_a and_o not_o long-waye_n insert_v a_o small_a stone_n or_o chip_n to_o keep_v the_o lip_n of_o the_o wound_v a_o little_a open_a fasten_v thereto_o a_o bottle_n or_o some_o other_o convenient_a vessel_n appendant_a out_o of_o this_o aperture_n will_v extill_o a_o limphid_v and_o clear_a water_n retain_v a_o obscure_a smack_n both_o of_o the_o taste_n and_o odour_n of_o the_o tree_n thus_o may_v you_o obtain_v this_o water_n i_o will_v present_v you_o a_o receipt_n how_o to_o make_v it_o as_o
it_o be_v send_v i_o by_o a_o fair_a lady_n say_v he_o to_o every_o gallon_n of_o birch-water_n put_v a_o quart_n of_o honey_n well_o still_v together_o then_o boil_v it_o almost_o a_o hour_n with_o a_o few_o clove_n and_o a_o little_a limon-peel_n keep_v it_o well_o scummed_a when_o it_o be_v sufficient_o boil_a and_o become_v cold_a add_v to_o it_o three_o or_o four_o spoonful_n of_o good_a ale_n to_o make_v it_o work_v which_o it_o will_v do_v like_o new_a ale_n and_o when_o the_o yeast_n begin_v to_o settle_v bottle_n it_o up_o as_o you_o do_v other_o winey_a liquor_n it_o will_v in_o a_o competent_a time_n become_v a_o most_o brisk_a and_o spirituous_a drink_n which_o be_v a_o very_a powerful_a opener_n this_o wine_n may_v if_o you_o please_v be_v make_v as_o successful_o with_o sugar_n instead_o of_o honey_n lib._n 1._o to_o each_o gallon_n of_o water_n or_o you_o may_v dulcifie_v it_o with_o raisin_n and_o compose_v a_o raison-wine_n of_o it_o i_o know_v not_o whether_o the_o quantity_n of_o the_o sweet_a ingredient_n may_v not_o be_v somewhat_o reduce_v and_o the_o operation_n improve_v but_o i_o give_v it_o as_o receive_v for_o distemper_n in_o man_n it_o be_v good_a for_o cure_n of_o the_o ptysick_n most_o powerful_a for_o dissolve_v the_o stone_n in_o the_o bladder_n cure_v as_o i_o be_o tell_v consumption_n and_o such_o interior_a disease_n as_o accompany_v the_o stone_n in_o the_o bladder_n and_o reins_o this_o liquor_n be_v so_o strong_a that_o the_o common_a sort_n of_o stone-bottle_n can_v preserve_v the_o spirit_n so_o subtle_a they_o be_v and_o volatile_a and_o yet_o it_o be_v gentle_a and_o very_o harmless_a in_o operation_n within_o the_o body_n and_o exceed_o sharpen_v the_o appetite_n be_v drink_v ante_fw-la pastum_fw-la this_o from_o the_o learned_a author_n and_o thus_o much_o of_o the_o birch_n and_o now_o i_o proceed_v chap._n xxiv_o of_o raise_v the_o hazel_n of_o the_o kind_n there_o be_v many_o and_o some_o very_a good_a fruit_n as_o the_o red_a and_o white_a filberd_n the_o great_a french_a nut_n etc._n etc._n also_o your_o wild_a nut_n do_v differ_v much_o in_o shape_n and_o goodness_n my_o lord_n have_v once_o a_o quantity_n of_o very_a good_a sort_n send_v he_o from_o beyond_o sea_n they_o have_v a_o very_a tender_a shell_n therefore_o i_o take_v care_n to_o raise_v some_o of_o they_o and_o do_v several_a but_o when_o they_o come_v to_o bear_v they_o be_v no_o better_a than_o our_o hedge-nut_n when_o they_o be_v ripe_a i_o need_v not_o tell_v you_o for_o every_o boy_n can_v order_v they_o all_o winter_n as_o you_o be_v advise_v to_o keep_v your_o walnut_n and_o sow_v they_o at_o the_o same_o time_n in_o the_o spring_n they_o will_v grow_v almost_o on_o any_o ground_n provide_v not_o too_o wet_a but_o best_a on_o your_o dry_a ground_n therefore_o set_v they_o on_o your_o high_a and_o dry_a bank_n between_o your_o fence_n but_o early_o in_o winter_n if_o they_o hold_v but_o the_o first_o year_n they_o will_v produce_v good_a stub_n you_o may_v increase_v they_o by_o sucker_n or_o lay_v but_o the_o best_a way_n be_v from_o their_o nut_n i_o will_v have_v you_o to_o benefit_n yourself_o by_o lay_v this_o and_o other_o wood_n in_o your_o wood_n that_o be_v thin_a of_o wood_n i_o dare_v assure_v you_o that_o for_o every_o shilling_n you_o lay_v out_o in_o this_o husbandry_n in_o a_o few_o year_n time_n every_o shilling_n shall_v be_v pay_v you_o yearly_o for_o many_o year_n after_o chap._n xxv_o of_o raise_v the_o several_a sort_n of_o popler_n there_o may_v be_v many_o sort_n of_o this_o wood_n but_o i_o know_v but_o four_o the_o best_a be_v that_o large_a white_a poplar_n a_o great_a leaf_n white_a on_o the_o low_a side_n it_o shoot_v with_o a_o strong_a whitish_a shoot_n which_o the_o dutch_a call_v abele_n the_o second_o be_v a_o sort_n much_o like_o to_o this_o both_o in_o leaf_n and_o shoot_v which_o grow_v in_o many_o place_n of_o this_o land_n and_o be_v in_o most_o place_n call_v the_o white_a poplar_n the_o three_o be_v a_o sort_n that_o have_v the_o leaf_n and_o shoot_v more_o small_a and_o not_o so_o white_a it_o grow_v in_o many_o place_n and_o in_o most_o of_o they_o be_v call_v the_o aspen_n or_o asp-tree_n these_o three_o sort_n be_v to_o be_v order_v all_o as_o one_o the_o other_o differ_v much_o both_o in_o the_o nature_n of_o grow_v and_o order_v therefore_o a_o word_n or_o two_o of_o these_o i_o never_o yet_o do_v raise_v any_o of_o they_o of_o seed_n but_o i_o do_v believe_v they_o have_v a_o seed_n in_o that_o downy_a substance_n they_o shed_v in_o the_o spring_n they_o increase_v natural_o very_o much_o from_o the_o root_n but_o they_o may_v be_v help_v much_o by_o the_o rule_n in_o the_o chapter_n before_o which_o show_v you_o how_o to_o raise_v tree_n from_o the_o root_n of_o another_o tree_n by_o which_o rule_n from_o two_o of_o the_o abele_n tree_n my_o lord_n have_v from_o holland_n i_o have_v raise_v above_o a_o hundred_o but_o if_o you_o fence_v in_o a_o place_n round_o the_o tree_n to_o keep_v cattle_n off_o and_o keep_v down_o the_o great_a weed_n a_o little_a they_o will_v put_v forth_o many_o young_a tree_n from_o the_o root_n of_o a_o old_a one_o especial_o if_o you_o prune_v up_o or_o thin_a the_o head_n of_o any_o of_o these_o sort_n they_o will_v then_o yield_v the_o more_o but_o if_o you_o do_v not_o value_v your_o mother-tree_n but_o desire_v to_o get_v a_o great_a stock_n of_o young_a one_o than_o you_o may_v fell_v the_o mother-tree_n at_o the_o ground_n and_o if_o it_o be_v not_o very_o young_a or_o old_a the_o root_n will_v put_v forth_o in_o young_a tree_n the_o quantity_n of_o the_o body_n and_o head_n of_o that_o tree_n and_o so_o will_v the_o elm_n cherry_n etc._n etc._n then_o how_o useful_a such_o tree_n be_v to_o set_v in_o the_o place_n of_o wood_n that_o be_v thin_a i_o leave_v you_o to_o judge_v though_o this_o tree_n be_v none_o of_o the_o best_a of_o wood_n beside_o the_o aforesaid_a property_n i_o can_v satisfy_v you_o it_o will_v grow_v and_o increase_v on_o the_o very_o worst_a of_o your_o ground_n as_o well_o dry_a as_o wet_v you_o must_v forbear_v to_o head_n any_o of_o these_o three_o sort_n unless_o young_a or_o that_o you_o leave_v some_o young_a shoot_n to_o draw_v up_o the_o sap_n except_o you_o be_v mind_v to_o destroy_v the_o old_a one_o you_o head_n for_o if_o the_o lop_v be_v very_o great_a it_o many_o time_n kill_v or_o make_v the_o tree_n hollow_a therefore_o lop_v young_a some_o will_v tell_v you_o they_o grow_v of_o chip_n but_o that_o be_v false_a they_o rare_o will_v grow_v of_o cut_n they_o be_v best_a in_o wood_n though_o some_o advise_v you_o to_o plant_v they_o in_o walk_n but_o they_o be_v not_o good_a for_o walk_n for_o the_o sucker_n they_o produce_v from_o the_o root_n will_v be_v troublesome_a the_o great_a sort_n be_v proper_a to_o set_v on_o the_o east_n west_n or_o north_n prospect_n at_o a_o distance_n in_o or_o by_o the_o side_n of_o a_o wood_n for_o their_o white_a leave_n show_v fine_o when_o the_o sun_n shine_v upon_o they_o and_o make_v fine_a variety_n with_o other_o tree_n that_o have_v dark_a green_a leaf_n i_o commend_v they_o to_o you_o for_o to_o plant_v in_o wood_n of_o barren_a ground_n for_o there_o they_o increase_v much_o and_o yield_v much_o wood_n and_o so_o i_o leave_v they_o and_o come_v to_o the_o other_o which_o differ_v from_o these_o both_o in_o leaf_n and_o shoot_v and_o manner_n of_o grow_v this_o last_o kind_n be_v in_o most_o place_n call_v the_o water-popler_n its_o leaf_n be_v a_o pale_a green_n shape_v something_o like_o the_o other_o but_o it_o be_v not_o white_a below_o the_o shoot_n be_v of_o a_o yellowish_a green_a this_o love_n to_o grow_v by_o river_n side_n or_o in_o ground_n that_o be_v wet_a or_o such_o as_o hold_v water_n much_o therefore_o you_o that_o have_v such_o ground_n get_v some_o of_o this_o tree_n to_o set_v in_o they_o it_o will_v grow_v of_o truncheon_n from_o two_o foot_n long_o to_o eight_o the_o first_o be_v the_o best_a to_o set_v for_o stub_n the_o other_o you_o may_v make_v pollard_n of_o for_o it_o be_v a_o good_a profitable_a wood_n bring_v a_o good_a lop_n in_o few_o year_n and_o that_o on_o some_o ground_n better_o than_o the_o willow_n for_o your_o instruction_n in_o set_v the_o small_a set_n see_v chap._n 6._o and_o for_o set_v those_o of_o six_o seven_o eight_o or_o nine_o foot_n long_o for_o to_o make_v pollard-tree_n keep_v the_o low_a end_n of_o your_o set_n and_o also_o the_o upper_a free_a from_o crack_n and_o cut_v each_o slope_v off_o as_o for_o the_o bigness_n let_v
and_o chap._n 6._o which_o teach_v how_o to_o set_v all_o sort_n of_o cut_n remember_v to_o keep_v they_o well_o fence_v for_o two_o or_o three_o year_n and_o to_o cut_v off_o all_o the_o side-shoots_a which_o they_o will_v be_v subject_a to_o put_v out_o below_o the_o head_n and_o thin_a the_o head_n as_o you_o see_v it_o convenient_a leave_v not_o above_o six_o or_o eight_o for_o arm_n so_o do_v will_v make_v the_o body_n of_o your_o tree_n swell_v and_o lie_v hold_v on_o the_o ground_n the_o better_a and_o as_o for_o the_o variety_n of_o kind_n of_o these_o and_o the_o follow_v i_o shall_v not_o trouble_v myself_o to_o inquire_v after_o for_o i_o intend_v only_o to_o show_v you_o how_o to_o raise_v they_o not_o to_o describe_v they_o and_o if_o you_o know_v how_o to_o raise_v some_o you_o may_v then_o soon_o be_v able_a to_o raise_v they_o all_o but_o there_o be_v one_o sort_n more_o which_o be_v call_v the_o smell_a willow_n which_o deserve_v to_o be_v take_v notice_n of_o it_o shoot_v a_o great_a shoot_n bear_v fine_a broad_a shine_a green_a leave_n and_o will_v grow_v on_o most_o ground_n that_o be_v not_o too_o dry_a it_o bear_v a_o sweet_a beautiful_a flower_n and_o worthy_a to_o be_v set_v in_o orchard_n you_o that_o have_v river_n run_v by_o your_o orchard_n plant_v some_o of_o this_o if_o you_o have_v not_o yet_o if_o your_o ground_n be_v moist_a and_o pretty_a good_a it_o will_v grow_v mighty_o and_o yield_v ornament_n and_o profit_n it_o be_v easy_o increase_v of_o cut_n which_o if_o set_v as_o be_v show_v in_o chap._n 6._o will_v grow_v every_o one_o only_a mind_n if_o your_o ground_n have_v a_o dry_a bottom_n than_o set_v they_o on_o the_o north_n side_n of_o a_o wall_n beside_o the_o beauty_n and_o smell_n the_o industrious_a bee_n love_v it_o much_o it_o be_v as_o easy_o increase_v as_o any_o sallow_a and_o bear_v as_o good_a a_o lop_n then_o endeavour_v to_o make_v it_o as_o common_a from_o one_o small_a plant_n i_o have_v raise_v some_o hundred_o and_o have_v set_v several_a in_o our_o wood-walks_a at_o cashiobury_n where_o they_o grow_v well_o notwithstanding_o our_o dry_a ground_n but_o they_o be_v root_v before_o i_o set_v they_o there_o i_o commend_v the_o like_a husbandry_n to_o the_o lover_n of_o plant_v and_o to_o those_o that_o be_v lover_n of_o that_o busy_a martial_a creature_n for_o it_o be_v a_o early_a relief_n to_o they_o it_o may_v also_o be_v very_o plentiful_o increase_v by_o lay_v for_o if_o it_o be_v but_o cover_v with_o ground_n it_o will_v root_n of_o sallow_n there_o be_v three_o common_a sort_n all_o of_o they_o love_v a_o moist_a ground_n but_o that_o with_o the_o round_a leaf_n will_v grow_v on_o bank_n as_o in_o hedge_n for_o if_o you_o set_v they_o for_o stake_n they_o will_v take_v root_n and_o though_o they_o be_v no_o very_o good_a fence_n yet_o they_o will_v yield_v good_a profit_n the_o two_o other_o grow_v best_a on_o moorish_a ground_n and_o there_o will_v yield_v great_a shoot_n they_o will_v grow_v of_o cut_n much_o and_o may_v be_v increase_v well_o by_o lay_v both_o which_o way_n you_o may_v thicken_v your_o wood_n very_o much_o but_o than_o you_o must_v keep_v out_o cattle_n especial_o all_o deer_n for_o two_o or_o three_o year_n and_o above_o they_o may_v be_v raise_v by_o seed_n as_o the_o elm_n be_v some_o year_n for_o the_o seed_n be_v not_o all_o year_n good_a with_o we_o no_o more_o be_v the_o elm_n and_o line_n i_o have_v raise_v many_o of_o they_o of_o seed_n in_o the_o downy_a substance_n but_o they_o be_v so_o easy_o increase_v by_o cut_n and_o lay_v that_o you_o need_v not_o trouble_v yourself_o to_o raise_v they_o of_o seed_n it_o be_v as_o profitable_a a_o wood_n for_o under-wood_n in_o wood_n as_o any_o you_o can_v set_v in_o they_o for_o fire_n produce_v strong_a and_o great_a shoot_n therefore_o where_o you_o stock_n up_o tree_n in_o your_o wood_n set_v two_o or_o three_o sallow_a truncheon_n with_o some_o other_o wood_n that_o be_v subject_a to_o run_v as_o elm_n cherry_n abele_n etc._n etc._n so_o may_v you_o have_v a_o thin_a wood_n make_v a_o thick_a good_a wood_n or_o if_o you_o have_v a_o ground_n that_o be_v moorish_a and_o will_v not_o yield_v good_a grass_n then_o plant_v as_o be_v before_o show_v of_o the_o water-pople_a and_o it_o will_v yield_v you_o quick_a and_o great_a profit_n if_o you_o will_v see_v more_o large_o of_o these_o sallowe_n etc._n etc._n see_v esquire_n evelyn_n 19_o the_o chapt._n he_o tell_v you_o you_o may_v graft_v fig_n and_o mulberry_n on_o they_o and_o that_o they_o will_v thrive_v exceed_o the_o first_o be_v true_a you_o may_v graft_v on_o they_o but_o you_o have_v best_o try_v the_o other_o for_o i_o fear_v it_o be_v borrow_v from_o pliny_n etc._n etc._n but_o i_o forbear_v of_o oziers_n there_o be_v several_a sort_n and_o be_v all_o raise_v of_o truncheon_n as_o the_o sallow_a they_o love_v a_o moist_a and_o more_o moorish_a ground_n than_o the_o sallow_a or_o willow_n the_o basket-maker_n know_v best_a the_o time_n to_o fell_v they_o which_o may_v be_v do_v any_o time_n in_o winter_n they_o must_v be_v keep_v well_o fence_v from_o cattle_n and_o thus_o i_o shall_v conclude_v of_o the_o aquatic_a tree_n only_o let_v i_o desire_v all_o those_o that_o have_v moorish_a ground_n and_o such_o as_o yield_v little_a profit_n especial_o where_o wood_n be_v scarce_o but_o to_o make_v use_n of_o these_o sure_a direction_n and_o i_o do_v engage_v you_o a_o great_a and_o certain_a profit_n chap._n xxviii_o of_o the_o pine_n fir_n pinaster_n etc._n etc._n these_o stately_a tree_n want_v more_o respect_n with_o we_o than_o they_o have_v and_o there_o be_v three_o thing_n which_o make_v it_o so_o the_o first_o be_v ignorance_n in_o plant_v they_o and_o that_o be_v they_o miss_v the_o right_a time_n or_o season_n of_o the_o year_n to_o set_v they_o plant_v they_o when_o other_o tree_n be_v plant_v as_o from_o november_n to_o march_v which_o be_v the_o very_o worst_a time_n in_o the_o year_n but_o the_o best_a time_n to_o remove_v these_o or_o most_o sort_n of_o green_n be_v from_o mid_a march_n to_o the_o latter_a end_n or_o from_o mid_a august_n to_o the_o last_o which_o be_v the_o very_o best_a time_n unless_o for_o tender_a green_n and_o i_o shall_v not_o so_o much_o as_o name_v any_o of_o they_o as_o to_o the_o ground_n they_o love_v not_o dung_n but_o a_o fresh_a gravelly_a soil_n mix_v with_o loom_n also_o mind_n but_o the_o root_n and_o they_o will_v tell_v you_o that_o these_o sort_n of_o tree_n must_v not_o be_v set_v too_o deep_a therefore_o take_v heed_n you_o commit_v not_o that_o fault_n to_o they_o for_o if_o you_o look_v into_o gerrard_n herbal_a with_o jonson_n addition_n to_o it_o pag._n 1364._o you_o be_v there_o inform_v by_o that_o laborious_a author_n that_o firre_v grow_v on_o the_o top_n of_o rock_n in_o great_a plenty_n and_o also_o large_a tree_n in_o the_o cold_a country_n of_o norway_n etc._n etc._n and_o of_o pine_n that_o grow_v in_o the_o cold_a country_n beyond_o denmark_n as_o in_o russia_n etc._n etc._n then_o certain_o they_o may_v and_o will_v grow_v here_o in_o england_n very_o well_o if_o you_o will_v but_o mind_n to_o set_v and_o preserve_v they_o then_o a_o second_o reason_n why_o man_n do_v raise_v but_o few_o of_o these_o and_o plant_v but_o few_o may_v be_v because_o they_o love_v they_o not_o and_o it_o be_v with_o other_o man_n because_o they_o many_o time_n die_v or_o do_v not_o grow_v well_o with_o they_o and_o this_o make_v they_o not_o fancy_v they_o but_o such_o man_n want_v good_a instruction_n and_o i_o hope_v i_o shall_v give_v they_o some_o that_o will_v make_v they_o again_o in_o charity_n with_o these_o fine_a tree_n but_o other_o there_o be_v that_o have_v ground_n and_o fit_a place_n to_o plant_v tree_n in_o but_o mind_v they_o not_o these_o man_n do_v not_o love_v tree_n no_o nor_o themselves_o nor_o their_o posterity_n the_o three_o great_a hindrance_n of_o plant_v these_o and_o other_o tree_n be_v there_o be_v many_o man_n that_o love_v plant_n and_o improve_n of_o tree_n but_o be_v hinder_v by_o not_o have_v ground_n of_o their_o own_o convenient_a to_o plant_v in_o and_o if_o they_o nurse_v up_o or_o plant_v tree_n for_o their_o landlord_n they_o many_o time_n meet_v with_o but_o small_a encouragement_n for_o so_o do_v for_o many_o time_n they_o be_v turn_v out_o of_o their_o farm_n before_o they_o come_v to_o perfection_n or_o if_o there_o be_v any_o that_o be_v come_v to_o be_v fit_a to_o fell_v many_o time_n another_o man_n shall_v have_v they_o as_o cheap_a as_o he_o that_o nurse_v they_o up_o in_o
but_o these_o we_o have_v here_o make_v be_v call_v ambligone_n that_o be_v a_o triangle_n which_o have_v one_o obtuse_a and_o two_o acute_a angle_n etc._n etc._n thus_o have_v show_v you_o most_o of_o the_o regular_a figure_n through_o which_o a_o walk_n may_v pass_v or_o in_o which_o a_o walk_n may_v end_v i_o shall_v now_o show_v how_o a_o walk_n may_v pass_v through_o a_o square_a and_o so_o proceed_v see_v fig._n 26._o you_o may_v make_v your_o walk_n according_a to_o this_o figure_n or_o you_o may_v have_v the_o walk_n break_v into_o the_o square_n in_o the_o middle_a on_o every_o side_n which_o figure_n will_v do_v well_o with_o a_o tree_n in_o the_o centre_n where_o the_o prick_n be_v thus_o see_v fig._n 27._o how_o a_o walk_n may_v end_v in_o a_o square_a may_v well_o be_v perceive_v by_o this_o last_o figure_n beside_o it_o be_v common_a in_o many_o place_n to_o be_v see_v yet_o in_o my_o opinion_n be_v not_o so_o convenient_a for_o a_o walk_n to_o end_v in_o as_o the_o aforesaid_a figure_n from_o these_o forego_n you_o may_v make_v several_a other_o according_a to_o your_o ground_n for_o it_o be_v a_o good_a rule_n to_o cut_v your_o coat_n according_a to_o your_o cloth_n and_o to_o proportion_v the_o figure_n your_o walk_n end_v in_o according_a to_o the_o best_a convenience_n of_o your_o ground_n let_v not_o your_o hand_n always_o for_o copy_n stay_v but_o let_v a_o active_a fancy_n lead_v your_o way_n proportion_n still_o your_o figure_n to_o your_o ground_n whether_o it_o be_v triangle_n square_n or_o round_o some_o of_o these_o figure_n be_v also_o the_o best_a to_o make_v your_o lawn_n that_o be_v a_o spacious_a plane_n join_v to_o your_o house_n which_o let_v be_v in_o largeness_n according_a as_o your_o ground_n will_v permit_v as_o 100_o acre_n or_o more_o this_o lawn_n be_v most_o convenient_a to_o be_v on_o the_o south_n side_n or_o east_n side_n of_o your_o house_n for_o if_o it_o be_v on_o the_o west_n side_n it_o give_v the_o more_o way_n for_o the_o west_n wind_n which_o be_v most_o common_o the_o great_a to_o harm_v your_o house_n by_o its_o free_a passage_n thereto_o also_o if_o your_o best_a room_n front_v your_o lawn_n as_o they_o always_o shall_v do_v the_o afternoon_n be_v the_o most_o usual_a time_n in_o which_o great_a person_n do_v solace_v themselves_o in_o these_o principal_a room_n the_o afternoon_n sun_n will_v then_o be_v offensive_a to_o such_o room_n and_o the_o prospect_n will_v both_o be_v hinder_v and_o not_o so_o pleasant_a for_o the_o sun_n by_o shine_v against_o you_o and_o from_o the_o object_n do_v by_o both_o hinder_v your_o prospect_n and_o most_o prospect_n be_v most_o pleasant_a when_o the_o sun_n shine_v on_o they_o these_o inconvenience_n which_o arise_v from_o your_o lawn_n be_v on_o the_o west_n side_n of_o your_o house_n be_v consider_v i_o thence_o conclude_v by_o the_o rule_n of_o contrary_n that_o it_o be_v most_o convenient_a for_o your_o lawn_n to_o be_v on_o the_o east_n side_n of_o your_o house_n for_o there_o you_o have_v your_o room_n shady_a in_o the_o afternoon_n the_o object_n which_o you_o view_v from_o your_o house_n much_o beautify_v by_o the_o sun_n shine_v upon_o they_o in_o the_o afternoon_n etc._n etc._n for_o the_o aforesaid_a reason_n your_o lawn_n may_v do_v very_o well_o on_o the_o south_n side_n of_o your_o house_n for_o the_o sun_n shine_v most_o part_n of_o the_o day_n on_o that_o side_n of_o your_o house_n do_v much_o add_v to_o the_o beauty_n of_o that_o front_n which_o ought_v to_o be_v the_o best_a front_n of_o your_o house_n therefore_o a_o large_a lawn_n on_o that_o side_n do_v much_o help_n the_o prospect_n to_o the_o house_n and_o also_o from_o it_o a_o lawn_n on_o the_o north_n side_n be_v no_o way_n convenient_a for_o that_o lay_v your_o house_n too_o open_a to_o the_o cold_a north_n wind_n etc._n etc._n wherefore_o let_v your_o north_n and_o west_n side_n be_v plant_v with_o wood_n orchard_n etc._n etc._n a_o square_n be_v no_o ill_a figure_n for_o a_o lawn_n thus_o where_o there_o may_v be_v three_o avenue_n break_v out_o at_o the_o three_o angle_n or_o one_o at_o the_o angle_n opposite_a to_o the_o house_n and_o if_o your_o lawn_n be_v rise_v ground_n to_o the_o house_n some_o tree_n set_v thin_a on_o the_o lawn_n will_v be_v very_o pleasant_a see_v fig._n 28._o your_o lawn_n may_v be_v bound_v with_o walk_n if_o you_o please_v which_o in_o this_o figure_n will_v do_v well_o or_o you_o may_v have_v a_o single_a row_n of_o line-tree_n to_o bound_v your_o lawn_n with_o set_v at_o a_o good_a distance_n one_o from_o another_o they_o will_v show_v the_o shape_n of_o their_o head_n the_o better_a as_o the_o prick_n be_v on_o the_o lawn_n so_o may_v your_o tree_n stand_v but_o leave_v the_o front_n clear_a except_o the_o lawn_n be_v much_o fall_a ground_n from_o the_o house_n let_v the_o figure_n of_o the_o house_n be_v in_o the_o form_n of_o these_o two_o fig._n 28_o 29._o or_o any_o other_o yet_o let_v the_o lawn_n be_v on_o both_o side_n the_o front_n alike_o make_v a_o angle_n at_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o front_n or_o at_o some_o court_n gate_n right_a before_o it_o and_o break_v off_o as_o you_o see_v in_o the_o fig._n at_o a_o convenient_a distance_n from_o the_o house_n a_o single_a row_n of_o line-tree_n set_v at_o 4_o rod_n distance_n as_o they_o be_v in_o the_o fig._n will_v be_v pleasant_a to_o bound_v your_o lawn_n see_v fig._n 29._o from_o these_o two_o you_o may_v make_v several_a but_o still_o mind_n to_o make_v such_o as_o will_v best_o fit_v your_o ground_n a_o circle_n be_v a_o good_a figure_n for_o a_o lawn_n only_o it_o must_v break_v off_o before_o it_o come_v against_o the_o front_n a_o triangle_n be_v also_o a_o very_a proper_a figure_n for_o a_o lawn_n but_o let_v it_o not_o be_v too_o acute_a at_o the_o angle_n which_o lead_v to_o the_o front_n but_o rather_o obtuse_a or_o right_o angle_v at_o the_o angle_n next_o the_o front_n as_o in_o the_o two_o last_o figure_n i_o have_v often_o observe_v some_o field_n lie_v in_o the_o form_n of_o a_o triangle_n lead_v up_o between_o two_o wood_n or_o large_a hedge_n and_o sometime_o i_o have_v see_v a_o house_n at_o the_o angle_n this_o have_v be_v very_o pleasant_a to_o my_o fancy_n especial_o when_o it_o have_v ascend_v up_o hill_n and_o have_v have_v the_o south_n southeast_n or_o east_n aspect_n now_o if_o nobleman_n and_o gentleman_n that_o have_v ground_n convenient_a will_v but_o make_v some_o such_o lawn_n before_o their_o house_n it_o will_v be_v very_o pleasant_a and_o a_o great_a ornament_n to_o their_o seat_n they_o may_v make_v these_o lawn_n and_o clear_v the_o wood_n that_o be_v within_o the_o figure_n of_o they_o as_o it_o decay_v or_o as_o they_o have_v occasion_n the_o charge_n will_v not_o be_v great_a but_o the_o pleasure_n and_o profit_n will_v certain_o be_v great_a and_o last_a i_o do_v prefer_v your_o lime-tree_n to_o bind_v in_o your_o lawn_n because_o it_o be_v a_o tree_n that_o will_v grow_v well_o on_o any_o soil_n have_v but_o care_n to_o plant_v it_o as_o it_o shall_v be_v beside_o the_o fine_a shape_n all_o the_o tree_n will_v natural_o grow_v in_o for_o they_o will_v seem_v as_o though_o they_o be_v cut_v provide_v they_o be_v not_o set_v too_o thick_a for_o then_o one_o hinder_v the_o shape_n of_o another_o the_o elm_n be_v a_o good_a tree_n for_o this_o purpose_n for_o it_o have_v a_o fine_a green_a leaf_n and_o if_o the_o ground_n be_v natural_a for_o it_o it_o will_v grow_v to_o a_o great_a tree_n and_o straight_o if_o keep_v with_o prune_v as_o it_o ought_v to_o be_v these_o tree_n you_o may_v plant_v thick_a round_o your_o lawn_n the_o beech_n in_o ground_n where_o it_o like_v make_v a_o stately_a tree_n so_o do_v the_o walnut_n chesnut_n black_a cherry_n where_o they_o like_v the_o ground_n be_v quick_a grower_n and_o very_o pleasant_a in_o the_o spring_n when_o they_o be_v clothe_v in_o their_o white_a garment_n and_o indeed_o any_o tree_n that_o be_v not_o very_o dangerous_a to_o remove_v as_o be_v the_o stately_a oak_n and_o pines_n which_o be_v the_o very_o best_a be_v it_o not_o for_o this_o fault_n the_o fir_n and_o ewe_n be_v not_o so_o difficult_a they_o will_v do_v well_o where_o they_o like_v the_o ground_n etc._n etc._n now_o where_o man_n have_v not_o the_o convenience_n or_o the_o quantity_n of_o ground_n if_o they_o make_v but_o 20_o acre_n in_o a_o field_n in_o some_o good_a figure_n lead_v to_o the_o house_n it_o will_v be_v the_o more_o pleasant_a and_o the_o charge_n as_o little_a as_o to_o do_v it_o other_o way_n chap._n thirty-nine_o of_o several_a superficial_a