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thorn_n themselves_o yea_o of_o so_o great_a antiquity_n that_o it_o be_v find_v by_o alexander_n the_o great_a to_o have_v be_v a_o long_a time_n use_v by_o the_o mardi_n a_o neighbour_a nation_n of_o hyrcania_n for_o the_o artificial_a fortify_v of_o their_o country_n against_o him_z and_o their_o enemy_n of_o this_o see_v further_o in_o quint._n curt._n lib._n 6._o where_o this_o very_a thing_n be_v exact_o describe_v virgil_n seem_v to_o give_v a_o hint_n hereof_o in_o this_o expression_n virgil._n georg._n 2._o sylvarumque_fw-la aliae_fw-la pressos_fw-la propaginis_fw-la arcu_fw-la expectant_a &_o viva_fw-la sua_fw-la plantaria_fw-la terra_fw-la some_o tree_n require_v their_o bough_n be_v set_v archwise_o and_o make_v their_o own_o soil_n live_v nurserye_n the_o cause_v tree_n to_o increase_v by_o lay_v be_v effect_v after_o several_a way_n the_o chief_n be_v these_o first_o by_o bare_a bend_v down_o a_o branch_n from_o a_o tree_n into_o the_o ground_n where_o it_o be_v to_o be_v 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the_o least_o atom_n thereof_o and_o although_o the_o low_a part_n send_v none_o but_o good_a yet_o the_o clay_n and_o mould_n reduce_v it_o into_o its_o former_a coursness_n immediate_o at_o its_o passage_n into_o the_o upper_a part_n of_o the_o tion_n neither_o be_v the_o root_n cause_v as_o other_o affirm_v by_o the_o arrest_n and_o stoppage_n of_o the_o sap_n in_o its_o descent_n at_o autumn_n whereby_o it_o not_o find_v a_o place_n where_o to_o retire_v do_v at_o the_o cut_v transform_v itself_o into_o fibre_n if_o this_o be_v so_o and_o that_o there_o be_v any_o such_o thing_n as_o the_o descent_n of_o the_o sap_n at_o the_o fall_n of_o the_o leaf_n then_o will_v all_o tree_n grow_v more_o at_o the_o root_n in_o the_o winter_n then_o in_o the_o summer_n the_o contrary_a whereof_o be_v sufficient_o know_v the_o true_a reason_n therefore_o and_o manner_n of_o this_o grow_a by_o the_o leave_n of_o so_o many_o who_o content_n themselves_o with_o the_o former_a i_o conceive_v to_o 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imprimatur_fw-la p._n mew_n vice-cancel_a oxon_n feb._n 9_o 1671._o a_o short_a and_o sure_a guide_n in_o the_o practice_n of_o raise_v and_o order_v of_o fruit-tree_n be_v the_o many_o year_n recreation_n and_o experience_n of_o francis_n drop_v bachelor_n in_o divinity_n late_a fellow_n of_o magdalen_n college_n in_o oxford_n oxford_z print_v for_o ric._n davis_n an._n dom._n 1672._o to_o the_o right_n honourable_a and_o true_o noble_a philip_n lord_n wenman_n baron_n of_o kilmainham_n viscount_n tuam_fw-la my_o lord_n as_o a_o testimony_n of_o my_o gratitude_n for_o those_o many_o favour_n i_o have_v receive_v from_o your_o lordship_n i_o humble_o present_v this_o small_a book_n of_o my_o decease_a brother_n of_o plant_v i_o confess_v it_o unworthy_a your_o honour_n perusal_n who_o be_v as_o great_a a_o judge_n of_o book_n as_o man_n yet_o i_o entreat_v your_o lordship_n patronage_n and_o countenance_n presume_v it_o may_v be_v serviceable_a for_o the_o preserve_n and_o perfect_v 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the_o orchard_n and_o so_o farewell_n i_o be_o thou_o in_o all_o christian_a office_n of_o love_n and_o service_n edward_n drop_v comner_n march_n 1672._o a_o short_a and_o sure_a guide_n in_o the_o practice_n of_o raise_v and_o order_v of_o fruit-tree_n the_o goodness_n of_o material_n and_o the_o sufficiency_n of_o the_o groundwork_n as_o in_o building_n so_o in_o plant_v be_v the_o first_o thing_n considerable_a the_o stock_n therefore_o be_v the_o chief_n foundation_n of_o a_o good_a fruit-tree_n shall_v give_v the_o beginning_n to_o this_o my_o ensue_a discourse_n and_o whereas_o the_o best_a of_o stock_n be_v produce_v from_o the_o seed_n i_o will_v not_o pervert_v nature_n method_n but_o keep_v in_o her_o tract_n all_o the_o way_n treat_v of_o such_o in_o this_o first_o follow_v chapter_n chap._n i._o of_o raise_v stock_n from_o the_o seed_n every_o sort_n of_o seed_n have_v a_o delight_n peculiar_a to_o itself_o to_o be_v produce_v in_o a_o place_n that_o afford_v juice_n 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