disease_n as_o proceed_v of_o too_o much_o abundance_n and_o heat_n of_o blood_n but_o to_o such_o as_o be_v use_v to_o it_o and_o eat_v it_o moderate_o they_o say_v it_o be_v a_o most_o agreeable_a kind_n of_o food_n easy_a of_o concoction_n not_o at_o all_o obstructive_a as_o bread_n with_o we_o whether_o of_o wheat_n or_o other_o grain_n be_v general_o hold_v to_o be_v more_o or_o less_o but_o rather_o in_o some_o degree_n purgative_a of_o noxious_a humour_n and_o helpful_a against_o the_o stone_n and_o other_o oppilation_n of_o the_o body_n with_o which_o infirmity_n the_o indian_n that_o continual_o feed_v upon_o this_o maiz_n both_o in_o bread_n and_o many_o other_o way_n dress_v be_v observe_v seldom_o or_o never_o be_v trouble_v the_o bud_n of_o it_o while_o they_o be_v green_a and_o tender_a be_v of_o such_o a_o fat_a and_o delicious_a substance_n that_o they_o use_v they_o common_o instead_o of_o oil_n and_o butter_n be_v no_o less_o pleasant_a and_o agreeable_a to_o the_o taste_n they_o make_v wine_n of_o it_o also_o or_o a_o drink_n not_o less_o strong_a than_o wine_n and_o which_o be_v free_o take_v as_o quick_o overcom_v a_o man_n which_o they_o make_v by_o steep_v the_o grain_n of_o maiz_n in_o water_n till_o it_o break_v and_o afterward_o boil_a it_o much_o after_o the_o manner_n as_o we_o make_v ordinary_o our_o beer_n of_o malt_n there_o be_v diverse_a sort_n of_o this_o maiz_n but_o that_o which_o be_v most_o common_o use_v for_o bread_n be_v this_o already_o describe_v their_o way_n of_o eat_v it_o especial_o with_o the_o commoner_n sort_n of_o people_n be_v most_o common_o boil_a in_o the_o grain_n hot_a which_o they_o do_v much_o after_o the_o manner_n that_o the_o people_n of_o china_n and_o japan_n use_v in_o the_o boil_a of_o their_o rice_n they_o have_v a_o earthen_a or_o some_o other_o sort_n of_o vessel_n full_a of_o little_a hole_n at_o the_o bottom_n and_o round_a about_o the_o side_n below_o into_o which_o have_v put_v so_o much_o 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they_o a_o little_a on_o the_o outside_n they_o slice_v or_o cut_v they_o into_o small_a piece_n which_o do_v in_o a_o press_n make_v for_o that_o purpose_n they_o strain_v and_o force_v out_o all_o the_o juice_n they_o can_v just_a in_o the_o same_o manner_n as_o some_o country_n folk_n strain_n crab_n and_o press_v their_o cheese_n when_o they_o make_v it_o and_o have_v by_o that_o mean_v bring_v their_o jucca_n into_o the_o fashion_n of_o a_o broad_a cake_n but_o somewhat_o thin_a they_o lay_v it_o up_o for_o some_o time_n till_o it_o be_v more_o thorough_o dry_v and_o then_o use_v it_o for_o bread_n without_o more_o trouble_n it_o be_v say_v to_o have_v little_a or_o no_o taste_n at_o all_o in_o the_o eat_n and_o that_o be_v probable_a enough_o by_o the_o order_n of_o it_o but_o as_o for_o virtue_n and_o nourishment_n wondrous_a good_a and_o wholesome_a yet_o i_o remember_v acosta_n who_o have_v taste_v of_o it_o say_v plain_o he_o have_v rather_o eat_v a_o piece_n of_o the_o course_v and_o black_a bread_n he_o ever_o see_v in_o his_o life_n neither_o do_v they_o eat_v it_o but_o first_o moisten_v and_o steep_v in_o some_o water_n or_o warm_a broth_n the_o reason_n whereof_o be_v the_o excessive_a dryness_n of_o the_o bread_n which_o be_v such_o that_o neither_o wine_n nor_o milk_n nor_o their_o melasso_n as_o they_o call_v it_o which_o be_v the_o honey_n or_o sweet_a juice_n of_o the_o sugar_n cane_n will_v pierce_v it_o and_o therefore_o it_o keep_v long_o and_o they_o carry_v it_o common_o to_o sea_n instead_o of_o biscuit_n by_o land_n it_o be_v chief_o use_v in_o the_o barlovente_fw-la island_n which_o be_v hispaniola_n cuba_n jamaica_n etc._n etc._n where_o there_o be_v not_o such_o plenty_n either_o of_o wheat_n or_o maiz_n not_o through_o any_o defect_n or_o barrenness_n of_o the_o soil_n but_o as_o it_o be_v rather_o think_v from_o some_o indisposition_n of_o the_o air_n and_o climate_n which_o be_v such_o that_o the_o very_a meal_n which_o they_o bring_v thither_o sometime_o from_o new_a spain_n and_o from_o the_o canary_n contract_v present_o such_o a_o moistness_n that_o they_o can_v hardly_o make_v any_o good_a bread_n of_o it_o and_o that_o which_o they_o do_v make_v will_v not_o keep_v but_o in_o a_o few_o day_n become_v moist_a and_o fluid_a again_o and_o by_o consequence_n apt_a to_o corrupt_v which_o be_v general_o attribute_v to_o the_o overmuch_o humidity_n and_o heat_n of_o the_o country_n 4._o there_o be_v yet_o a_o three_o sort_n of_o bread_n make_v at_o the_o indies_n which_o they_o call_v chugno_fw-la and_o be_v make_v likewise_o of_o a_o certain_a small_a root_n call_v popa_n this_o bread_n be_v
sheathing-board_n the_o tar_n and_o hair_n together_o so_o involve_v and_o choke_v she_o up_o that_o she_o be_v not_o able_a to_o pass_v further_o but_o there_o stop_v and_o die_v and_o the_o thin_a the_o sheathing-board_n be_v so_o much_o the_o better_o chap._n x._o of_o sugarcane_n cotton-wooll_n mulberry_n tree_n and_o silkworm_n at_o the_o west-indies_n 1._o among_o the_o commodity_n of_o america_n which_o we_o call_v mercantile_fw-la or_o such_o as_o the_o merchant_n bring_v from_o thence_o the_o sugar_n be_v not_o to_o be_v esteem_v the_o least_o whether_o we_o regard_v the_o abundance_n or_o great_a plenty_n of_o the_o commodity_n itself_o that_o be_v bring_v or_o the_o extraordinary_a gain_n and_o profit_n they_o make_v that_o bring_v it_o it_o be_v become_v such_o a_o general_a instrument_n of_o deliciousness_n to_o all_o sort_n of_o people_n in_o all_o nation_n and_o so_o exceed_o agreeable_a to_o dainty_a palate_n it_o be_v say_v they_o buy_v a_o pound_n of_o good_a sugar_n at_o the_o indies_n for_o five_o or_o six_o maravede_n which_o make_v not_o two_o penny_n of_o english_a money_n and_o in_o some_o place_n a_o hundred_o pound_n weight_n together_o for_o nine_o or_o ten_o rial_n of_o plate_n which_o be_v not_o above_o five_o shilling_n whereas_o with_o we_o in_o europe_n the_o rate_n of_o it_o be_v far_o otherwise_o some_o say_v it_o be_v no_o plant_n of_o the_o natural_a growth_n of_o america_n but_o bring_v thither_o from_o other_o part_n as_o namely_o from_o the_o east-indies_n or_o canary_n island_n which_o seem_v rather_o to_o be_v a_o mistake_n consider_v the_o great_a abundance_n thereof_o which_o grow_v natural_o without_o any_o kind_n of_o plant_v or_o husbandry_n in_o all_o part_n of_o brasil_n paraguay_n tucuman_n and_o diverse_a other_o province_n of_o america_n both_o of_o the_o continent_n and_o island_n insomuch_o that_o in_o some_o place_n about_o the_o river_n of_o plate_n they_o report_v that_o the_o cane_n grow_v to_o the_o height_n of_o some_o lesser_a tree_n yield_v a_o proportionable_a quantity_n of_o good_a sugar_n in_o every_o joint_n or_o knot_n of_o the_o cane_n for_o original_o and_o at_o first_o we_o must_v know_v this_o delicious_a powder_n which_o we_o call_v sugar_n be_v nothing_o else_o but_o the_o pith_n or_o sweet_a marrow_n of_o a_o certain_a cane_n or_o reed_n which_o the_o latin_n call_v saccharum_n borrow_v the_o term_n as_o it_o be_v think_v from_o the_o arabick_n together_o with_o the_o first_o knowledge_n of_o the_o plant_n and_o we_o common_o the_o sugar-cane_n it_o grow_v in_o the_o manner_n of_o other_o reed_n up_o into_o a_o long_a stalk_n with_o joint_n and_o knot_n in_o it_o common_o seven_o or_o eight_o foot_n high_a and_o where_o the_o soil_n be_v lusty_a and_o proper_a for_o it_o sometime_o more_o of_o the_o bigness_n of_o a_o man_n arm_n in_o the_o brawn_n and_o sharp_v up_o towards_o the_o top_n as_o it_o grow_v the_o joint_n or_o knot_n of_o the_o cane_n be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n three_o or_o four_o inch_n distant_a one_o from_o another_o and_o within_o full_a of_o a_o spongeous_a and_o sweet_a juycie_a substance_n or_o marrow_n of_o which_o the_o sugar_n as_o we_o have_v it_o be_v make_v at_o every_o knot_n or_o joint_n of_o the_o cane_n on_o each_o side_n there_o grow_v up_o a_o long_a leaf_n sharp_a at_o the_o point_n and_o in_o the_o fashion_n of_o a_o wing_n the_o root_n of_o it_o be_v likewise_o long_a and_o large_a and_o run_v not_o direct_o downward_o into_o the_o earth_n but_o rather_o slope_v and_o creep_v along_o under_o the_o uppermost_a crust_n of_o the_o ground_n out_o of_o which_o at_o several_a place_n there_o sprout_v diverse_a young_a scion_n or_o little_a plant_n which_o they_o cut_v away_o both_o that_o they_o shall_v not_o draw_v too_o much_o of_o the_o nutriment_n from_o the_o principal_a or_o mother-plant_a as_o also_o for_o that_o they_o set_v they_o for_o increase_v or_o a_o new_a stock_n of_o reed_n and_o it_o be_v say_v to_o be_v a_o year_n and_o half_a common_o before_o a_o plant_n of_o the_o sugar-cane_n come_v to_o its_o full_a perfection_n or_o growth_n but_o i_o conceive_v that_o to_o be_v much_o according_a to_o the_o nature_n and_o condition_n of_o the_o soil_n where_o they_o grow_v for_o in_o hispaniola_n where_o indeed_o the_o soil_n be_v exceed_o lusty_a and_o good_a it_o be_v say_v they_o grow_v to_o a_o cubit_n height_n in_o less_o than_o two_o month_n space_n the_o substance_n of_o the_o root_n be_v likewise_o very_o sweet_a and_o pleasant_a nothing_o so_o hard_a or_o woody_a as_o the_o root_n of_o some_o other_o cane_n and_o reed_n be_v but_o rather_o tender_a and_o soft_a and_o where_o the_o soil_n be_v good_a and_o proper_a for_o they_o one_o root_n will_v bear_v sometime_o twenty_o or_o thirty_o cane_n which_o in_o the_o island_n of_o hispaniola_n be_v not_o unusual_a but_o they_o never_o suffer_v all_o of_o they_o to_o grow_v up_o for_o the_o reason_n abovesaid_a they_o grow_v both_o in_o the_o plain_n and_o hill_n country_n in_o a_o hot_a and_o moist_a soil_n and_o require_v extraordinary_a husband_n and_o especial_o that_o the_o ground_n about_o they_o be_v keep_v clean_o and_o free_a from_o annoyance_n either_o of_o weed_n or_o any_o thing_n else_o 2._o the_o manner_n of_o make_v the_o sugar_n be_v common_o thus_o when_o the_o reed_n be_v full_o grow_v &_o gather_v they_o cut_v or_o chap_v they_o into_o small_a piece_n at_o first_o with_o a_o knife_n or_o some_o other_o fit_v instrument_n and_o afterward_o grind_v or_o break_v they_o into_o yet_o small_a in_o certain_a huge_a quern_n or_o mill_n which_o they_o have_v for_o that_o purpose_n these_o quern_n go_v sometime_o with_o wheel_n and_o be_v turn_v about_o by_o their_o slave_n who_o tread_v and_o labour_n in_o they_o just_a in_o the_o same_o manner_n as_o the_o turnspit_a dog_n do_v in_o many_o place_n in_o england_n other_o there_o be_v that_o be_v draw_v about_o with_o a_o horse_n or_o bufalo_fw-la but_o the_o more_o general_a way_n now_o use_v of_o late_a for_o grind_v and_o bruise_v the_o cane_n be_v by_o water-mill_n which_o they_o find_v to_o be_v far_o more_o quick_a and_o convenient_a especial_o where_o they_o have_v the_o opportunity_n of_o a_o good_a stream_n when_o the_o cane_n be_v thus_o break_a and_o pulverizate_v in_o some_o sort_n they_o put_v it_o in_o great_a caldron_n or_o boil_a vessel_n of_o brass_n with_o some_o quantity_n of_o pure_a water_n and_o likewise_o a_o strong_a lie_n or_o water_n of_o ash_n make_v for_o that_o purpose_n and_o so_o boil_v it_o till_o all_o the_o sweetness_n be_v quite_o out_o of_o the_o cane_n or_o hard_a substance_n of_o the_o reed_n and_o transfuse_v into_o the_o liquor_n when_o this_o be_v do_v they_o take_v it_o out_o and_o through_o a_o colatorie_a or_o strainer_n they_o press_v out_o the_o liquor_n into_o certain_a great_a keelers_n or_o vessel_n which_o they_o call_v tangue_n and_o afterward_o boil_v it_o again_o with_o a_o less_o proportion_n of_o lie_n put_v to_o it_o the_o effect_n of_o this_o lie_n be_v chief_o to_o raise_v the_o scum_n and_o thereby_o to_o help_v to_o clarify_v and_o refine_v the_o sugar_n by_o separate_v of_o the_o sediment_n and_o grosser_n part_n of_o it_o from_o the_o pure_a when_o they_o have_v boil_a it_o to_o the_o consistency_n or_o thickness_n of_o honey_n they_o strain_v it_o out_o again_o into_o other_o vessel_n which_o they_o call_v tachas_n and_o boil_v it_o again_o to_o a_o yet_o great_a thickness_n and_o consistencie_n ever_o add_v some_o quantity_n of_o the_o aforesaid_a lie_n and_o continual_o stir_v and_o scum_v it_o as_o it_o boil_v after_o this_o they_o take_v it_o out_o and_o set_v it_o to_o cool_v in_o certain_a lesser_a vessel_n which_o the_o spaniard_n call_v formae_fw-la or_o plate_n which_o contain_v not_o above_o the_o quantity_n of_o two_o or_o three_o pound_n weight_n of_o sugar_n a_o piece_n they_o be_v common_o make_v of_o earth_n and_o perforate_v or_o full_a of_o little_a hole_n at_o the_o bottom_n through_o which_o the_o thin_a or_o more_o liquid_a part_n of_o the_o sugar_n drop_v into_o other_o vessel_n appoint_v to_o receive_v it_o it_o stand_v common_o in_o these_o form_n or_o plate_n about_o eight_o or_o ten_o day_n both_o that_o it_o may_v be_v perfect_o cool_v as_o likewise_o to_o observe_v whether_o it_o be_v refine_v and_o purge_v of_o its_o sediment_n so_o full_o as_o it_o ought_v if_o it_o be_v not_o they_o boil_v it_o once_o again_o as_o before_o when_o it_o be_v cold_a it_o look_v like_o sand_n or_o small_a gravel_n of_o a_o dark_a brownish_a colour_n only_o it_o be_v soft_a in_o the_o hand_n and_o crumble_v not_o so_o harsh_o as_o sand_n do_v the_o way_n to_o make_v it_o white_a be_v by_o a_o certain_a
brawn_n and_o of_o above_o a_o span_n in_o length_n and_o to_o have_v have_v grow_v in_o it_o above_o a_o thousand_o grain_n a_o radish_n root_n have_v be_v likewise_o see_v there_o of_o the_o same_o bigness_n and_o length_n viz._n of_o a_o man_n arm_n very_o tender_a of_o substance_n and_o of_o a_o pleasant_a taste_n and_o it_o be_v common_o observe_v that_o for_o wheat_n and_o other_o grain_n of_o europe_n they_o choose_v out_o a_o less_o lusty_a and_o cold_a soil_n because_o otherwise_o to_o sow_v it_o in_o the_o fat_a and_o rich_a ground_n it_o will_v run_v all_o out_o into_o stalk_n of_o a_o huge_a height_n indeed_o but_o without_o ear_n or_o ever_o bear_v of_o corn._n there_o be_v whole_a wood_n and_o forest_n as_o it_o be_v of_o orange_n lemon_n quince_n and_o other_o such_o fruit_n both_o for_o bigness_n and_o beauty_n far_o exceed_v the_o common_a one_o of_o spain_n of_o the_o same_o kind_n at_o the_o city_n of_o cusco_n which_o be_v the_o metropolis_n of_o peru_n they_o have_v ripe_a grape_n all_o the_o year_n long_o and_o in_o diverse_a part_n of_o the_o country_n there_o be_v tree_n that_o bear_v fruit_n one_o half_a of_o the_o year_n on_o one_o side_n and_o the_o other_o half_a year_n on_o the_o other_o as_o acosta_n report_v of_o his_o own_o experience_n of_o a_o figtree_n in_o malla_n nigh_o the_o city_n of_o king_n and_o other_o speak_v as_o much_o of_o other_o fruit_n in_o other_o part_n of_o the_o country_n and_o so_o it_o be_v likewise_o for_o cattle_n i_o mean_v such_o as_o have_v be_v bring_v thither_o out_o of_o europe_n whether_o great_a or_o small_a cattle_n as_o kine_n sheep_n hog_n goat_n etc._n etc._n the_o increase_n that_o have_v be_v of_o they_o will_v seem_v to_o be_v beyond_o belief_n but_o that_o all_o author_n affirm_v it_o in_o the_o island_n of_o hispaniola_n and_o it_o be_v likewise_o the_o same_o in_o many_o part_n of_o the_o continent_n and_o other_o island_n beside_o there_o be_v many_o thousand_o of_o cattle_n that_o live_v wild_a in_o herd_n upon_o the_o mountain_n have_v no_o certain_a owner_n so_o as_o it_o be_v free_a for_o any_o man_n to_o kill_v they_o that_o will_v and_o thousand_o of_o they_o be_v every_o year_n kill_v only_o for_o their_o hide_n and_o the_o tallow_n and_o yet_o it_o be_v strange_a to_o consider_v what_o great_a multitude_n of_o they_o be_v in_o private_a man_n possession_n the_o bishop_n of_o venezuela_n only_o be_v say_v to_o have_v have_v at_o one_o time_n 16000_o head_n of_o great_a cattle_n feed_v upon_o his_o own_o pasture_n another_o to_o have_v have_v of_o one_o cow_n which_o he_o keep_v twenty_o six_o year_n for_o breed_v to_o have_v have_v a_o increase_n of_o eight_o hundred_o head_n of_o cattle_n and_o it_o be_v not_o count_v any_o unusual_a thing_n for_o the_o farmour_n of_o america_n especial_o such_o as_o be_v profess_v grazier_n and_o do_v undertake_v as_o it_o be_v the_o custom_n there_o to_o serve_v such_o a_o town_n city_n or_o place_n with_o flesh_n meat_n at_o a_o certain_a rate_n by_o the_o year_n to_o have_v the_o like_a number_n viz._n ten_o or_o twenty_o thousand_o head_n of_o cattle_n of_o their_o own_o and_o feed_v only_o upon_o their_o own_o ground_n be_v also_o man_n of_o great_a estate_n and_o reckon_v common_o at_o one_o hundred_o two_o hundred_o and_o three_o hundred_o thousand_o ducat_n a_o man_n and_o upward_o live_v splendid_o in_o their_o estancias_n as_o they_o call_v they_o or_o farme-house_n in_o the_o country_n and_o maintain_v a_o table_n both_o for_o diet_n and_o ornament_n not_o inferior_a to_o most_o knight_n or_o the_o best_a gentleman_n in_o europe_n which_o doubtless_o be_v a_o evidence_n beyond_o all_o dispute_n of_o the_o goodness_n and_o fertility_n of_o the_o 〈◊〉_d where_o they_o live_v that_o such_o man_n as_o these_o can_v both_o live_v so_o gallant_o and_o thrive_v so_o well_o chap._n vi_o of_o the_o principal_a commodity_n of_o america_n both_o natural_a and_o mercantile_fw-la and_o first_o of_o maiz_n of_o cassavi_n jucca_n and_o other_o root_n there_o of_o which_o they_o make_v bread_n 1._o but_o to_o give_v some_o further_a assurance_n of_o the_o general_a richness_n and_o fertility_n of_o the_o country_n at_o the_o west-indies_n it_o be_v requisite_a that_o we_o speak_v something_o more_o in_o particular_a of_o the_o several_a commodity_n and_o fruit_n which_o america_n yield_v these_o i_o distinguish_v into_o two_o sort_n viz._n commodity_n natural_a and_o mercantile_fw-la i_o call_v those_o commodity_n natural_a which_o be_v so_o proper_a to_o the_o place_n and_o country_n of_o america_n that_o as_o they_o grow_v there_o so_o be_v they_o at_o least_o for_o the_o most_o part_n there_o likewise_o consume_v and_o spend_v as_o not_o be_v so_o fit_a or_o not_o so_o much_o use_v to_o be_v transport_v thence_o into_o any_o other_o part_n by_o way_n of_o merchandise_n of_o which_o kind_n i_o suppose_v the_o most_o part_n of_o their_o grain_n fruit_n and_o cattle_n may_v be_v reckon_v to_o be_v i_o call_v those_o commodity_n mercantile_fw-la which_o be_v general_o bring_v from_o thence_o and_o in_o so_o great_a abundance_n by_o the_o merchant_n that_o trade_n in_o those_o part_n of_o which_o sort_n be_v chief_o the_o metal_n of_o america_n viz._n gold_n and_o silver_n to_o which_o must_v be_v add_v the_o great_a quantity_n of_o pearl_n precious_a stone_n and_o jewel_n yearly_o bring_v from_o thence_o their_o sugar_n diverse_a sort_n of_o spicery_n and_o drug_n abundance_n of_o cotton_n wool_n and_o cloth_n hides_n many_o kind_n of_o wood_n as_o well_o medicinal_a as_o other_o of_o all_o which_o my_o purpose_n be_v to_o speak_v something_o before_o i_o come_v to_o the_o particular_a description_n of_o the_o several_a province_n in_o which_o they_o be_v find_v but_o yet_o brief_o according_a as_o i_o be_o oblige_v and_o refer_v the_o reader_n for_o more_o full_a satisfaction_n upon_o this_o subject_n in_o case_n he_o desire_v it_o to_o acosta_n his_o history_n of_o the_o indies_n and_o to_o oviedo_n his_o general_a history_n who_o i_o chief_o follow_v and_o who_o treat_v of_o these_o thing_n more_o at_o large_a and_o first_o i_o shall_v begin_v with_o those_o commodity_n which_o i_o call_v natural_a and_o among_o they_o with_o such_o as_o be_v of_o most_o general_a necessity_n and_o use_n for_o the_o sustenance_n of_o man_n life_n viz._n with_o that_o famous_a plant_n call_v maiz_n and_o some_o other_o plant_n and_o root_n of_o which_o at_o the_o west-indies_n they_o common_o make_v their_o bread_n as_o we_o in_o europe_n do_v of_o wheat_n and_o other_o grain_n 2._o maiz_n the_o common_a bread_n corn_n of_o america_n be_v a_o plant_n which_o grow_v plentiful_o at_o the_o west-indies_n in_o most_o part_n of_o the_o continent_n upon_o a_o moist_a and_o hot_a ground_n as_o that_o general_o be_v it_o grow_v upon_o a_o certain_a cane_n or_o reed_n of_o good_a bigness_n and_o about_o two_o cubit_n high_a from_o the_o ground_n it_o grow_v grape-wise_a that_o be_v the_o grain_n or_o fruit_n thereof_o not_o cover_v nor_o enclose_v in_o any_o husk_n or_o cod_n as_o other_o grain_n of_o corn_n most_o common_o be_v but_o open_a and_o in_o cluster_n only_o fence_v on_o each_o side_n with_o a_o large_a and_o broad_a leaf_n grow_v upward_o by_o it_o to_o the_o full_a height_n of_o the_o maiz._n the_o cluster_n or_o bunch_n of_o grain_n be_v common_o a_o span_n and_o half_a long_a sometime_o more_o rend_v sharp_a up_o towards_o the_o top_n in_o the_o fashion_n of_o a_o sugar-loaf_n and_o of_o the_o bigness_n ordinary_o of_o a_o man_n arm_n have_v upon_o the_o top_n of_o the_o cluster_n a_o certain_a tuft_n or_o bunch_n of_o long_a hairy_a fillet_n which_o as_o the_o grain_n come_v to_o maturity_n do_v likewise_o grow_v long_o and_o bend_v downward_o on_o one_o side_n of_o the_o bunch_n not_o much_o unlike_a to_o the_o foretop_n of_o time_n and_o opportunity_n as_o they_o common_o picture_n it_o the_o grain_n of_o this_o maiz_n be_v round_o like_a unto_o pease_n but_o big_a yet_o common_o six_o or_o seven_o hundred_o of_o they_o be_v contain_v in_o one_o cluster_n and_o for_o the_o most_o part_n two_o or_o three_o cluster_n upon_o every_o cane_n or_o reed_n they_o be_v white_a till_o they_o come_v to_o be_v ripe_a and_o then_o they_o turn_v outward_o black_a but_o the_o flower_n of_o they_o or_o substance_n within_o be_v still_o as_o white_a as_o snow_n and_o make_v a_o kind_n of_o bread_n for_o strength_n or_o nourishment_n nothing_o inferior_a to_o wheat_n it_o natural_o engender_v much_o blood_n so_o that_o stranger_n not_o use_v to_o it_o if_o they_o eat_v overmuch_o of_o it_o at_o first_o be_v subject_a to_o swell_v upon_o it_o to_o become_v scabby_a and_o obnoxious_a to_o such_o other_o
good_a for_o hurt_n bruise_n and_o old_a sore_n and_o from_o the_o bough_n they_o gather_v a_o certain_a gum_n which_o they_o likewise_o report_v to_o be_v a_o sovereign_a antidote_n against_o poison_n the_o tree_n grow_v general_o in_o all_o part_n of_o the_o west-indies_n but_o chief_o in_o the_o country_n of_o mexico_n and_o new_a spain_n where_o there_o be_v scarce_o a_o indian_a to_o be_v find_v worth_n the_o house_n that_o he_o dwell_v in_o but_o will_v be_v careful_a to_o have_v some_o of_o these_o tree_n plant_v and_o grow_v about_o it_o for_o the_o many_o necessary_a supply_n which_o it_o afford_v towards_o the_o maintenance_n of_o a_o house_n and_o family_n 7._o and_o in_o the_o country_n of_o new_a spain_n there_o likewise_o grow_v another_o famous_a tree_n called_z the_o tune_fw-la or_o tunall_n tree_n it_o be_v original_o from_o the_o root_n nothing_o but_o a_o heap_n as_o it_o be_v of_o great_a broad_a leaf_n grow_v one_o out_o of_o another_o as_o well_o from_o the_o ground_n as_o upward_o the_o leave_v long_a and_o large_a not_o sharp_a or_o point_a but_o round_o at_o the_o end_n and_o of_o the_o thickness_n of_o a_o man_n thumb_n or_o finger_n in_o which_o manner_n grow_v it_o possess_v in_o time_n a_o good_a large_a space_n of_o ground_n and_o likewise_o grow_v upward_o into_o the_o fashion_n and_o height_n of_o some_o ordinary_a tree_n it_o be_v manner_n of_o grow_v be_v only_o by_o new_a leaf_n sprout_v out_o at_o the_o end_n of_o the_o old_a and_o the_o old_a one_o still_o wax_v big_a and_o big_a so_o that_o at_o last_o it_o seem_v to_o have_v get_v a_o body_n and_o bough_n which_o be_v yet_o nothing_o else_o but_o the_o root_n of_o the_o bige_a and_o elder_a leaf_n now_o at_o length_n come_v to_o be_v harden_v into_o a_o stock_n or_o trunk_n the_o leave_v themselves_o be_v common_o thick_o set_v with_o certain_a long_a and_o sharp_a prickle_n of_o a_o whitish_a colour_n there_o be_v two_o sort_n of_o they_o the_o wild_a and_o the_o garden_n or_o plant_v tunall_n both_o of_o which_o bear_v a_o fruit_n but_o very_o different_a one_o from_o the_o other_o both_o for_o taste_v and_o use_v the_o garden_n or_o plant_v tunall_n bear_v a_o fruit_n well_o esteem_v with_o the_o indian_n for_o meat_n be_v somewhat_o big_a than_o ordinary_a plum_n and_o have_v many_o little_a grain_n lie_v in_o the_o pulp_n or_o substance_n of_o it_o like_o fig_n of_o a_o white_a colour_n good_a taste_n and_o no_o less_o pleasant_a than_o fig_n and_o beside_o that_o of_o a_o delicate_a send_v or_o smell_n the_o fruit_n of_o the_o wild_a tunall_n be_v green_a grow_v as_o also_o the_o other_o do_v out_o of_o the_o very_a top_n of_o the_o leaf_n in_o the_o fashion_n of_o a_o fig_n narrow_a below_o or_o towards_o the_o leaf_n but_o upward_o grow_v broad_a and_o round_o and_o on_o the_o top_n environ_v with_o a_o set_n of_o thick_a leaf_n in_o fashion_n of_o a_o crown_n or_o coronet_n the_o pulp_n of_o it_o or_o substance_n within_o be_v juycie_a and_o red_a but_o neither_o please_a nor_o any_o way_n commend_v for_o the_o taste_n as_o i_o observe_v in_o stain_n the_o hand_n of_o any_o that_o touch_v it_o with_o a_o deep_a red_a or_o sanguine_a colour_n like_o mulberry_n and_o which_o be_v more_o than_o that_o the_o urine_n of_o those_o that_o eat_v of_o it_o will_v seem_v as_o if_o it_o be_v all_o turn_v into_o blood_n insomuch_o that_o some_o have_v be_v much_o fright_v at_o their_o first_o eat_v thereof_o and_o take_v themselves_o for_o dead_a man_n find_v their_o urine_n to_o be_v so_o strange_o change_v and_o not_o know_v the_o quality_n of_o the_o fruit_n within_o the_o coronet_n or_o circle_n of_o leaf_n which_o grow_v upon_o the_o top_n of_o the_o fruit_n there_o be_v many_o little_a grain_n contain_v which_o be_v the_o seed_n of_o the_o tunall_n and_o out_o of_o which_o if_o they_o set_v they_o there_o spring_v forth_o a_o plant_n of_o the_o same_o kind_n round-bodied_n and_o not_o unlike_a to_o the_o trunk_n of_o other_o tree_n when_o they_o first_o spring_v out_o of_o the_o ground_n which_o present_o spread_v itself_o into_o leaf_n grow_v one_o out_o of_o another_o successive_o as_o the_o first_o do_v this_o kind_n of_o tunall_n as_o we_o say_v be_v not_o so_o much_o regard_v for_o its_o fruit_n but_o for_o another_o commodity_n which_o come_v of_o it_o of_o far_o great_a profit_n and_o advantage_n than_o the_o fruit_n can_v be_v be_v it_o much_o better_a than_o it_o be_v viz._n for_o the_o grain_n call_v cochinele_o so_o famous_a and_o so_o much_o use_v by_o the_o dyer_n for_o the_o die_a of_o perfect_a scarlet_n or_o colour_n in_o grain_n which_o be_v make_v of_o this_o tree_n in_o manner_n as_o follow_v upon_o the_o leaf_n of_o the_o wild_a tunall_n there_o grow_v usual_o out_o certain_a tuberous_a or_o fungous_a excrescency_n which_o in_o time_n turn_v into_o a_o kind_n of_o insect_n or_o worm_n and_o multipli_v so_o much_o that_o at_o last_o all_o the_o leaf_n of_o the_o tree_n which_o as_o it_o be_v say_v be_v very_o large_a and_o as_o thick_a ordinary_o as_o the_o thumb_n or_o finger_n of_o a_o man_n hand_n seem_v to_o be_v turn_v into_o a_o web_n of_o worm_n hang_v and_o interweave_v together_o by_o the_o fibrae_fw-la or_o little_a sinew_n of_o the_o leaf_n these_o web_n or_o verminate_v folio_n of_o the_o tunall_n the_o indian_n husband_n with_o a_o great_a deal_n of_o care_n and_o industry_n both_o while_o they_o be_v a_o breed_n and_o afterward_o till_o they_o be_v well_o dry_v at_o which_o time_n make_v they_o up_o into_o box_n or_o little_a cask_n they_o send_v they_o into_o spain_n and_o other_o part_n of_o the_o world_n as_o a_o great_a and_o rich_a merchandise_n which_o doubtless_o they_o be_v for_o it_o be_v say_v they_o send_v common_o one_o year_n with_o another_o betwixt_o five_o and_o six_o thousand_o arrobe_n of_o cochinele_n only_o into_o spain_n every_o arrobe_n contain_v five_o and_o twenty_o pound_n weight_n at_o least_o which_o according_a to_o the_o usual_a rate_n they_o be_v sell_v at_o amount_v to_o two_o hundred_o eighty_o three_o thousand_o seven_o hundred_o and_o fifty_o peso_n by_o account_n 8._o nor_o may_v i_o quite_o forget_v the_o houâ—_n or_o hohi_n as_o some_o call_v it_o for_o though_o it_o be_v not_o a_o tree_n that_o bear_v any_o excellent_a fruit_n for_o the_o fruit_n it_o bear_v be_v only_a a_o small_a yellow_a plum_n of_o the_o bigness_n of_o a_o damosin_a and_o of_o little_a substance_n or_o meat_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o greatness_n of_o the_o stone_n yet_o because_o it_o give_v such_o a_o propicious_a and_o healthy_a shade_n as_o they_o say_v it_o do_v so_o as_o both_o indian_n and_o spaniard_n seek_v it_o out_o on_o purpose_n to_o rest_n and_o sleep_v under_o it_o it_o deserve_v at_o least_o that_o i_o shall_v say_v what_o manner_n of_o tree_n it_o and_o where_o it_o grow_v it_o be_v of_o bulk_n a_o fair_a and_o big_a tree_n the_o bough_n grow_v chief_o towards_o the_o top_n thick_a and_o spread_a by_o 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tree_n which_o as_o oviedo_n affirm_v but_o name_v not_o grow_v much_o in_o the_o same_o part_n of_o such_o a_o pestilent_a and_o contagious_a quality_n that_o if_o a_o man_n rest_v never_o so_o little_a under_o it_o he_o shall_v be_v sure_a present_o to_o feel_v some_o indisposition_n in_o himself_o and_o if_o he_o stay_v or_o venture_v to_o sleep_v under_o it_o his_o head_n and_o face_n will_v swell_v and_o his_o eyelid_n in_o a_o short_a time_n be_v close_v up_o yet_o be_v the_o tree_n to_o look_v upon_o fair_a and_o goodly_a of_o a_o green_a flourish_a colour_n well_o branch_v and_o adorn_v with_o bough_n and_o thick_a leaf_n on_o all_o side_n and_o the_o fruit_n
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of_o all_o to_o flourish_v when_o it_o be_v plant_v near_o to_o a_o village_n or_o some_o house_n or_o by_o the_o way_n side_n seem_a as_o it_o be_v to_o be_v delight_v and_o to_o thrive_v the_o better_a for_o the_o dust_n and_o dirt_n which_o in_o such_o place_n it_o be_v beat_v withal_o the_o body_n of_o the_o tree_n be_v smooth_a and_o slender_a be_v in_o no_o part_n big_a about_o than_o a_o man_n middle_a and_o grow_v still_o more_o and_o more_o slender_a towards_o the_o top_n nor_o do_v it_o ever_o shoot_v forth_o a_o bough_n sprig_n or_o leaf_n but_o at_o the_o very_a top_n which_o be_v usual_o of_o the_o height_n of_o thirty_o or_o forty_o foot_n at_o least_o but_o there_o it_o branch_v out_o into_o many_o small_a bough_n in_o fashion_n not_o unlike_a to_o a_o ostriche_n feather_n thick_o set_v and_o not_o grow_v upward_o but_o run_v out_o and_o spread_v broad_a as_o they_o grow_v on_o all_o side_n of_o the_o tree_n or_o stock_n uunderneath_o and_o as_o it_o be_v in_o the_o 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the_o indian_n for_o a_o hundred_o use_n both_o of_o necessity_n and_o delight_n outward_o it_o be_v fence_v with_o a_o green_a rind_n or_o cover_n of_o a_o fibrous_a substance_n full_a of_o many_o small_a string_n or_o sinew_n like_o thread_n which_o therefore_o when_o it_o be_v dry_a they_o card_v out_o into_o a_o kind_n of_o hard_n or_o course_n tow_n and_o make_v cordage_n of_o it_o rope_n for_o their_o canoa_n and_o ship_n match_n but_o most_o common_o they_o use_v it_o for_o the_o stop_n up_o of_o the_o rib_n of_o ship_n and_o in_o leak_n to_o which_o purpose_n it_o serve_v excellent_o well_o by_o reason_n that_o if_o it_o be_v never_o so_o little_o moisten_v
it_o present_o swell_v and_o by_o that_o mean_n keep_v out_o water_n better_o than_o any_o other_o stuff_n they_o can_v use_v next_o to_o this_o rind_n or_o outmost_a cover_n which_o be_v common_o two_o finger_n thick_a there_o be_v a_o hard_a shell_n which_o contain_v in_o it_o a_o certain_a liquid_a substance_n very_o delicious_a and_o pleasant_a which_o while_o the_o fruit_n be_v green_a be_v thin_a and_o clear_a like_o water_n but_o as_o white_a as_o milk_n which_o they_o therefore_o drink_v both_o for_o the_o daintiness_n of_o the_o taste_n and_o to_o cool_v they_o in_o the_o heat_n but_o when_o the_o fruit_n come_v to_o be_v ripe_a it_o grow_v more_o jelly_n and_o thick_a and_o likewise_o more_o pleasant_a the_o quantity_n of_o it_o be_v common_o a_o pint_n and_o half_a or_o a_o quart_n more_o or_o less_o according_a to_o the_o bigness_n of_o the_o coco_n of_o this_o liquor_n beside_o that_o they_o drink_v it_o immediate_o out_o of_o the_o fruit_n as_o i_o have_v say_v according_a to_o several_a way_n which_o they_o use_v it_o they_o make_v both_o oil_n wine_n vinegar_n and_o also_o milk_n of_o it_o and_o serve_v reasonable_o well_o in_o all_o the_o liquor_n itself_o drink_v raw_a out_o of_o the_o fruit_n be_v think_v to_o be_v somewhat_o flatulent_a and_o to_o breed_v crudity_n and_o other_o gross_a humour_n in_o the_o body_n if_o it_o shall_v be_v drink_v overmuch_o nevertheless_o it_o procure_v urine_n abundant_o and_o they_o say_v the_o indian_n who_o continual_o drink_v of_o it_o be_v so_o little_o trouble_v with_o the_o stone_n or_o any_o other_o infirmity_n of_o the_o reins_o that_o they_o know_v not_o what_o they_o mean_v and_o it_o yield_v such_o plenty_n of_o this_o liquor_n that_o one_o tree_n of_o these_o cocos_fw-la if_o it_o thrive_v well_o be_v think_v sufficient_a to_o supply_v a_o whole_a family_n of_o no_o great_a number_n of_o person_n with_o wine_n oil_n and_o milk_n of_o itself_o alone_o for_o every_o month_n it_o shoot_v forth_o 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vessel_n prepare_v for_o that_o purpose_n which_o liquor_n they_o common_o also_o boil_v and_o make_v of_o it_o a_o kind_n of_o honey_n or_o sugar_n more_o esteem_v than_o that_o which_o be_v common_a 4._o there_o be_v another_o kind_n of_o this_o coco_n which_o grow_v most_o upon_o the_o andes_n in_o bigness_n not_o much_o less_o than_o the_o other_o but_o instead_o of_o the_o fat_a oily_a substance_n in_o the_o middle_n of_o those_o of_o the_o first_o sort_n these_o be_v fill_v with_o a_o huge_a number_n of_o small_a kernel_n or_o nut_n like_v to_o almond_n or_o the_o grain_n of_o a_o pomegranate_n admirable_o compact_v and_o lay_v together_o these_o kernel_n differ_v not_o much_o from_o almond_n in_o taste_n and_o be_v a_o meat_n reasonable_o pleasant_a so_o as_o the_o confectioner_n use_v they_o common_o for_o marchpain_n and_o other_o banquet_a stuff_n instead_o of_o almond_n although_o of_o that_o kind_n of_o fruit_n viz._n almond_n they_o want_v not_o most_o excellent_a one_o at_o the_o west-indies_n especial_o those_o of_o the_o province_n of_o chacopoyas_n in_o the_o kingdom_n of_o peru_n which_o be_v say_v to_o be_v the_o most_o please_a delicate_a and_o wholesome_a fruit_n in_o the_o world_n of_o a_o more_o fat_a tender_a and_o delicous_a substance_n by_o far_o than_o those_o of_o castille_n and_o for_o the_o most_o part_n much_o big_a 5._o beside_o these_o there_o be_v at_o the_o new_a world_n another_o tree_n call_v coca_n which_o though_o it_o bear_v not_o any_o fruit_n that_o be_v much_o speak_v of_o yet_o by_o reason_n it_o have_v some_o affinity_n of_o name_n with_o the_o coco_n and_o be_v likewise_o a_o tree_n not_o a_o little_a esteem_v there_o it_o require_v that_o we_o speak_v something_o of_o it_o it_o be_v a_o tree_n that_o grow_v well_o only_o upon_o hot_a and_o moist_a ground_n and_o not_o much_o above_o a_o fathom_n high_a from_o the_o ground_n yet_o require_v good_a care_n and_o skill_n to_o husband_n it_o it_o be_v in_o estimation_n only_o for_o its_o broad_a leaf_n which_o it_o cast_v forth_o every_o four_o month_n new_a to_o which_o leaf_n the_o indian_n attribute_v i_o know_v not_o how_o many_o strange_a virtue_n and_o operation_n this_o be_v certain_a and_o confirm_v by_o daily_a experience_n that_o it_o help_v much_o against_o weariness_n of_o the_o body_n in_o any_o kind_n of_o labour_n or_o travel_n that_o it_o revive_v and_o exhilarate_v a_o man_n spirit_n seem_v to_o infuse_v new_a courage_n and_o strength_n into_o he_o insomuch_o that_o the_o indian_n will_v oftentimes_o go_v three_o or_o four_o day_n together_o about_o business_n with_o no_o other_o meat_n or_o victual_n but_o a_o few_o leaf_n of_o this_o coca_n champ_v in_o their_o mouth_n for_o which_o reason_n it_o be_v count_v one_o of_o the_o chief_a commodity_n at_o potozi_n not_o only_o among_o the_o miner_n themselves_o but_o general_o with_o all_o other_o people_n and_o they_o travel_v far_o to_o get_v it_o viz._n as_o far_o as_o the_o andes_n on_o the_o skirt_n whereof_o it_o chief_o grow_v they_o gather_v it_o with_o a_o great_a deal_n of_o care_n and_o the_o leaf_n be_v very_o broad_a they_o have_v great_a basket_n or_o hamper_n make_v on_o purpose_n into_o which_o they_o put_v it_o and_o so_o lade_v their_o mule_n or_o pacos_n with_o it_o and_o away_o for_o potozi_n where_o it_o be_v present_a merchandise_n they_o sell_v it_o for_o the_o most_o part_n at_o three_o or_o four_o peso_n a_o basket_n and_o vend_v common_o one_o year_n with_o another_o four-score_n or_o a_o hundred_o thousand_o basket_n sthere_o 6._o another_o admirable_a tree_n there_o be_v at_o the_o indies_n call_v the_o magney_n or_o mete-tree_n of_o which_o they_o report_v wonder_n as_o namely_o that_o it_o yield_v they_o both_o water_n wine_n oil_n vinegar_n thread_n needle_n and_o i_o know_v not_o how_o many_o other_o necessary_a thing_n beside_o not_o altogether_o untrue_o the_o tree_n according_a to_o the_o description_n which_o acosta_n give_v of_o it_o be_v of_o a_o big_a body_n and_o grow_v common_o in_o the_o open_a field_n be_v of_o a_o moist_a and_o tender_a substance_n hollow_a in_o the_o midst_n which_o therefore_o when_o it_o be_v green_a they_o use_v to_o cut_v and_o at_o the_o place_n where_o they_o make_v incision_n there_o issue_v a_o certain_a liquor_n fresh_a and_o sweet_a which_o they_o common_o drink_v raw_a as_o it_o issue_v from_o the_o tree_n gather_v it_o in_o vessel_n of_o gourd_n coco-shel_n and_o other_o which_o they_o set_v there_o on_o purpose_n to_o receive_v it_o this_o liquor_n according_a as_o they_o see_v or_o boil_v it_o more_o or_o less_o become_v a_o wine_n of_o a_o pleasant_a good_a taste_n or_o honey_n or_o sirup_o or_o vinegar_n every_o one_o in_o their_o kind_n good_a and_o wholesome_a it_o bear_v a_o large_a broad_a leaf_n or_o rather_o as_o some_o say_v diverse_a kind_n of_o leaf_n of_o which_o while_o they_o be_v tender_a they_o make_v rare_a and_o curious_a conserves_n but_o when_o they_o be_v grow_v out_o to_o their_o full_a bigness_n be_v of_o a_o gross_a fibrous_a substance_n they_o draw_v out_o of_o it_o a_o kind_n of_o thread_n like_o unto_o hemp_n or_o flax_n which_o they_o afterward_o spin_v and_o work_v into_o mantle_n mat_n shoe_n girdle_n and_o many_o other_o necessary_a thing_n and_o of_o the_o rest_n make_v a_o sort_n of_o course_n paper_n and_o of_o the_o point_n of_o the_o leaf_n which_o be_v both_o hard_a and_o also_o very_o sharp_a they_o make_v needle_n that_o be_v such_o instrument_n to_o sow_v withal_o as_o they_o have_v and_o use_v before_o the_o spaniard_n come_v among_o they_o the_o bark_n of_o the_o tree_n be_v both_o fat_a and_o very_a unctuous_a so_o that_o be_v roast_v they_o make_v a_o salve_n of_o it_o as_o it_o be_v say_v very_o
itself_o so_o please_v both_o to_o the_o eye_n and_o taste_v that_o scarce_o any_o man_n especial_o that_o be_v a_o stranger_n but_o will_v be_v induce_v to_o taste_v of_o it_o which_o yet_o no_o man_n can_v do_v without_o danger_n it_o be_v of_o such_o a_o noxious_a quality_n that_o of_o it_o together_o with_o some_o other_o ingredient_n the_o indian_n of_o old_a time_n be_v wont_a to_o make_v the_o poison_n wherewith_o they_o invenome_v their_o arrow_n so_o mischievous_o that_o it_o be_v say_v scarce_o one_o man_n in_o forty_o that_o happen_v to_o be_v wound_v by_o they_o escape_v death_n this_o tree_n grow_v much_o upon_o the_o gulf_n of_o vraba_n which_o lie_v upon_o the_o country_n of_o darien_n abovesaid_a and_o my_o author_n think_v that_o if_o the_o unhappy_a fruit_n which_o deceive_v our_o first_o parent_n in_o paradise_n be_v to_o be_v find_v on_o earth_n it_o be_v as_o likely_a to_o be_v this_o as_o any_o other_o he_o know_v chap._n viii_o of_o cacao_n and_o the_o famous_a drink_n call_v chocolatte_a of_o atolle_v and_o other_o drink_v use_v at_o the_o west-indies_n 1._o i_o shall_v commit_v a_o great_a oversight_n if_o in_o treat_v of_o the_o commodity_n and_o rarity_n of_o the_o new-world_n i_o shall_v forget_v the_o cacao_n which_o though_o it_o be_v but_o a_o small_a fruit_n ordinary_o not_o big_a than_o a_o almond_n and_o hardly_o of_o so_o good_a a_o taste_n yet_o because_o it_o be_v so_o proper_a to_o the_o country_n so_o plentiful_o there_o grow_v and_o likewise_o so_o much_o esteem_v and_o use_v as_o it_o be_v almost_o in_o all_o kind_n of_o bartery_n and_o traffic_n i_o must_v not_o altogether_o omit_v it_o it_o be_v a_o fruit_n which_o with_o the_o american_n be_v almost_o every_o thing_n it_o be_v both_o meat_n drink_n and_o money_n it_o grow_v upon_o a_o small_a tree_n of_o the_o bigness_n and_o fashion_n of_o that_o of_o the_o pomecitron_n thrive_v best_o upon_o hot_a ground_n yet_o in_o such_o place_n where_o it_o be_v well_o shadow_v from_o the_o sun_n there_o be_v several_a kind_n of_o they_o and_o by_o the_o description_n which_o hernandez_n or_o rather_o antonius_n recchius_n make_v of_o the_o cacao_n in_o his_o general_a history_n of_o american_n plant_n print_v at_o rome_n 1651._o it_o seem_v that_o herrera_n acosta_n and_o other_o be_v not_o so_o exact_a in_o their_o report_n of_o this_o fruit_n who_o general_o describe_v it_o as_o a_o fruit_n somewhat_o less_o than_o a_o almond_n whereas_o hernandez_n a_o doctor_n of_o physic_n and_o one_o who_o live_v many_o year_n in_o those_o part_n by_o command_n of_o the_o king_n of_o spain_n on_o purpose_n to_o observe_v the_o nature_n of_o such_o plant_n and_o physical_a rarity_n as_o america_n afford_v make_v some_o kind_n of_o cacao_n to_o be_v as_o big_a as_o a_o good_a mellon_n or_o pompey_n and_o none_o less_o than_o the_o great_a sort_n of_o apple_n to_o reconcile_v they_o i_o suppose_v we_o must_v say_v that_o what_o acosta_n herrera_n and_o other_o call_v the_o cacao_n be_v but_o the_o kernel_n of_o that_o cacao_n which_o hernandez_n describe_v and_o that_o there_o grow_v many_o of_o these_o lesser_a cacaos_n together_o in_o one_o common_a husk_n rind_n or_o shell_n which_o hernandez_n likewise_o intimate_v when_o he_o say_v the_o cacao_n contain_v within_o it_o diverse_a small_a part_n close_o compact_v together_o and_o afterward_o call_v that_o the_o seed_n or_o kernel_n of_o cacao_n which_o the_o american_n use_v instead_o of_o money_n and_o whereof_o they_o make_v drink_v which_o be_v the_o very_a cacao_n that_o acosta_n and_o other_o only_a mention_n without_o take_v notice_n of_o any_o other_o it_o be_v a_o fruit_n of_o a_o tender_a and_o fat_a substance_n of_o good_a nourishment_n especial_o roast_v boil_a or_o any_o other_o way_n dress_v raw_a or_o eat_v out_o of_o the_o fruit_n only_o it_o cause_v as_o some_o say_v oppilation_n and_o obstruction_n of_o the_o stomach_n yet_o the_o indian_a woman_n love_v it_o extreme_o and_o think_v themselves_o never_o well_o but_o when_o they_o be_v suck_v the_o skin_n or_o film_n of_o it_o which_o be_v common_o a_o white_a juycie_a substance_n but_o sometime_o red_a or_o murrey_n which_o they_o find_v to_o be_v very_o cool_v to_o they_o in_o those_o hot_a climate_n and_o have_v a_o opinion_n also_o that_o it_o make_v they_o fair_a it_o be_v a_o fruit_n that_o last_v long_o and_o impair_v not_o much_o by_o age_n in_o respect_n whereof_o and_o that_o it_o be_v so_o general_o esteem_v there_o the_o indian_n common_o use_v it_o instead_o of_o money_n as_o have_v be_v say_v buy_v or_o have_v in_o exchange_n for_o cacao_n almost_o every_o thing_n in_o the_o market_n but_o the_o chief_a reason_n of_o its_o so_o general_a esteem_n and_o use_v at_o the_o west-indies_n be_v a_o certain_a drink_n they_o make_v of_o it_o call_v chocolatte_n which_o because_o it_o be_v a_o liquor_n that_o the_o american_n extreme_o love_v and_o that_o it_o begin_v likewise_o to_o be_v cry_v up_o in_o some_o part_n of_o europe_n for_o a_o excellent_a drink_n though_o all_o man_n give_v not_o the_o same_o report_n of_o it_o i_o shall_v relate_v as_o brief_o as_o i_o can_v how_o they_o make_v it_o from_o the_o report_n of_o a_o late_a traveller_n in_o those_o part_n 2._o they_o take_v a_o certain_a quantity_n of_o cacao_n nut_n or_o almond_n as_o we_o call_v they_o which_o have_v well_o dry_v they_o pound_n they_o with_o the_o some_o cod_n of_o chili_n or_o long_o red_a pepper_n of_o america_n a_o handful_n of_o aniseed_n some_o quantity_n of_o cinnamon_n clove_n and_o likewise_o of_o white_a sugar_n till_o they_o have_v bring_v they_o all_o into_o a_o soft_a powder_n or_o paste_n which_o they_o put_v up_o into_o box_n or_o tablet_n of_o what_o quantity_n and_o bigness_n they_o please_v lay_v it_o first_o upon_o paper_n within_o the_o box_n from_o which_o upon_o occasion_n the_o powder_n or_o paste_n will_v easy_o separate_v but_o to_o any_o thing_n that_o be_v of_o earth_n or_o wood_n it_o stick_v fast_o they_o put_v to_o it_o likewise_o certain_a grain_n of_o achiotte_n which_o be_v another_o fruit_n of_o the_o west-indies_n grow_v much_o after_o the_o manner_n of_o cacao_n viz._n many_o grain_n of_o it_o together_o in_o one_o husk_n or_o cod_n all_o of_o they_o red_a this_o be_v only_o to_o give_v the_o cacao_n a_o good_a colour_n and_o the_o achiotte_n be_v common_o pound_v by_o itself_o and_o sell_v in_o box_n or_o little_a round_a cake_n yet_o so_o fine_a and_o dry_a that_o it_o will_v easy_o mix_v and_o incorporate_v itself_o with_o the_o cacao_n to_o give_v it_o tincture_n the_o better_a sort_n and_o they_o that_o mean_v to_o make_v the_o chocolatte_a rich_a and_o very_a please_a add_v many_o other_o ingredient_n but_o these_o already_o mention_v be_v the_o most_o common_o use_v and_o the_o cacao_n thus_o make_v up_o they_o sell_v usual_o at_o four_o shilling_n a_o pound_n this_o be_v chocolatte_a or_o the_o confectioned_a cacao_n and_o as_o there_o be_v difference_n in_o the_o composition_n of_o it_o so_o likewise_o they_o drink_v it_o diverse_a way_n the_o rich_a be_v that_o which_o be_v use_v by_o the_o gallant_n and_o lady_n at_o mexico_n viz._n to_o drink_v hot_a with_o atolle_v after_o this_o manner_n they_o dissolve_v a_o box_n or_o tablet_n of_o cacao_n in_o some_o little_a quantity_n of_o pure_a hot_a water_n stand_v on_o the_o fire_n and_o have_v first_o with_o a_o molinet_n or_o some_o other_o instrument_n stir_v it_o up_o and_o well_o mix_v the_o cacao_n and_o water_n together_o they_o put_v so_o much_o of_o atolle_v into_o it_o as_o fill_v up_o the_o cup_n or_o vessel_n and_o so_o drink_v it_o by_o supping_n very_o hot_a this_o atolle_v be_v itself_o a_o rich_a and_o delicious_a liquor_n of_o which_o i_o shall_v speak_v by_o and_o by_o but_o the_o most_o usual_a way_n of_o drink_v it_o be_v to_o dissolve_v a_o box_n or_o tablet_n of_o cacao_n in_o hot_a water_n and_o have_v well_o sweeten_v it_o with_o sugar_n to_o drink_v it_o without_o more_o ado_n only_o with_o some_o conserves_n or_o naples-biscuit_n either_o dry_a or_o steep_v in_o the_o chocolatte_a as_o every_o one_o please_v sometime_o also_o they_o dissolve_v it_o in_o cold_a water_n and_o stir_v it_o continual_o with_o a_o molinet_n till_o it_o rise_v to_o a_o scum_n or_o froth_n which_o they_o take_v off_o and_o put_v into_o some_o other_o vessel_n or_o cup_n and_o make_v the_o other_o hot_a which_o when_o they_o have_v likewise_o sweeten_v with_o sugar_n they_o pour_v out_o into_o the_o vessel_n where_o the_o scum_n or_o froth_n be_v that_o be_v first_o take_v off_o and_o so_o drink_v they_o both_o together_o but_o this_o way_n be_v not_o hold_v to_o be_v so_o good_a as_o cause_v obsruction_n
peculiar_a earth_n or_o marle_n they_o use_v which_o be_v first_o dissolve_v in_o water_n and_o wrought_v into_o a_o kind_n of_o soft_a clay_n they_o spread_v it_o upon_o the_o sugar_n as_o it_o lie_v in_o the_o form_n or_o plate_n and_o in_o time_n it_o bring_v it_o to_o a_o white_a colour_n yet_o more_o or_o less_o perfect_a according_a as_o the_o sugar_n itself_o be_v pure_a and_o fine_a and_o now_o it_o be_v fit_a for_o the_o merchant_n who_o transport_v it_o into_o all_o part_n of_o europe_n where_o by_o the_o sugar-baker_n art_n and_o skill_n it_o be_v yet_o more_o accurate_o purge_v and_o refine_a but_o of_o this_o i_o can_v say_v much_o it_o be_v a_o merchandise_n of_o incredible_a wealth_n and_o advantage_n to_o the_o country_n it_o be_v no_o unusual_a thing_n for_o some_o one_o sugar-mill_n or_o ingenio_fw-la as_o they_o call_v it_o to_o afford_v a_o revenue_n of_o thirty_o or_o forty_o thousand_o peso_n every_o year_n and_o though_o it_o be_v likewise_o bring_v from_o the_o east-indies_n china_n and_o other_o part_n yet_o be_v it_o not_o more_o plentiful_a in_o any_o country_n of_o the_o world_n than_o in_o america_n where_o the_o cane_n grow_v and_o thrive_v well_o in_o all_o province_n general_o but_o most_o kind_o in_o hot_a and_o moist_a country_n insomuch_o that_o in_o some_o of_o the_o island_n they_o count_v a_o ingenio_fw-la or_o good_a sugar-farm_n to_o be_v no_o less_o profitable_a than_o some_o of_o their_o mine_n of_o gold_n and_o silver_n it_o be_v say_v that_o out_o of_o the_o only_a island_n of_o saint_n domingo_n or_o hispaniola_n they_o transport_v common_o one_o year_n with_o another_o about_o a_o thousand_o chest_n of_o refine_a sugar_n beside_o that_o of_o the_o courser_n sort_n every_o chest_n contain_v eight_o or_o ten_o arrobe_n at_o least_o which_o be_v twenty_o five_o pound_n weight_n according_a to_o english_a account_n and_o likewise_o proportionable_o from_o other_o part_n 3._o cotton-wooll_n as_o they_o call_v it_o from_o the_o likeness_n it_o have_v to_o our_o ordinary_a wool_n of_o europe_n especial_o as_o to_o matter_n of_o use_n be_v another_o very_a profitable_a and_o good_a commodity_n of_o the_o west-indies_n though_o we_o call_v it_o wool_n yet_o be_v it_o the_o fruit_n of_o a_o tree_n at_o least_o of_o a_o shrub_n or_o lesser_a plant_n and_o grow_v upon_o it_o in_o the_o manner_n of_o apple_n or_o other_o fruit_n it_o grow_v as_o i_o say_v sometime_o upon_o tree_n as_o particular_o in_o the_o island_n of_o puna_n in_o the_o south_n sea_n and_o in_o hispaniola_n but_o for_o the_o most_o part_n upon_o certain_a lesser_a shrub_n or_o plant_n not_o much_o above_o a_o cubit_n high_a from_o the_o ground_n or_o at_o most_o not_o above_o the_o height_n of_o a_o man_n at_o the_o middle_n the_o substance_n of_o the_o plant_n whereon_o it_o grow_v be_v very_o hard_a and_o woody_a and_o no_o less_o thick_a set_v with_o sprig_n and_o branch_n grow_v out_o of_o it_o from_o below_o or_o but_o little_a above_o ground_n which_o in_o time_n be_v all_o beautify_a and_o cover_v as_o it_o be_v with_o a_o purple_a colour_a flower_n yet_o about_o the_o edge_n and_o below_o at_o the_o stalk_n yellow_a after_o which_o appear_v the_o fruit_n in_o a_o round_a cod_n or_o huâ—k_n of_o different_a bigness_n according_a as_o the_o soil_n be_v good_a and_o proper_a if_o the_o soil_n be_v warm_a and_o very_a lusty_a they_o be_v common_o of_o the_o bigness_n of_o ordinary_a apple_n or_o quince_n if_o otherwise_o less_o when_o the_o fruit_n be_v ripe_a the_o cod_n open_v of_o itself_o divide_v into_o four_o quarter_n and_o the_o matter_n within_o it_o appear_v which_o be_v nothing_o else_o but_o a_o soft_a gentle_a substance_n much_o resemble_v wool_n in_o the_o touch_n lie_v close_o and_o well_o wrap_v together_o in_o the_o cod_n it_o grow_v still_o that_o be_v after_o the_o cod_n be_v open_v to_o the_o bigness_n of_o a_o man_n fist_n ordinary_o and_o then_o unless_o it_o be_v gather_v by_o some_o body_n it_o shed_v itself_o upon_o the_o ground_n as_o the_o down-thistle_n common_o do_v together_o with_o its_o seed_n which_o be_v a_o little_a round_a black_a substance_n of_o the_o bigness_n of_o coney_n trettle_n or_o some_o lesser_a sort_n of_o pease_n but_o flat_a this_o be_v the_o seed_n of_o the_o cotton_n and_o they_o gather_v it_o constant_o and_o sow_v it_o every_o year_n in_o the_o same_o manner_n as_o they_o do_v other_o grain_n viz._n upon_o till_a land_n and_o in_o furrow_n and_o in_o harvest_n they_o reap_v their_o crop_n which_o they_o have_v never_o above_o once_o upon_o the_o same_o stalk_n or_o plant._n 4._o this_o woolly_a substance_n of_o the_o cotton-apple_n when_o it_o be_v gather_v the_o indian_a woman_n card_n and_o spin_v as_o we_o do_v our_o ordinary_a wool_n in_o europe_n and_o there_o be_v both_o stuff_n and_o cloth_n make_v of_o it_o of_o several_a sort_n and_o in_o great_a abundance_n some_o very_a fine_a like_a silk_n other_o less_o fine_a and_o of_o the_o course_v sort_n of_o all_o they_o make_v sail_n for_o ship_n cover_n for_o their_o tent_n in_o the_o field_n either_o when_o they_o be_v march_v against_o a_o enemy_n or_o follow_v their_o herd_n of_o cattle_n to_o pasture_n and_o in_o many_o other_o such_o like_a occasion_n and_o it_o be_v common_o the_o woman_n work_n not_o only_o to_o card_v and_o spin_v but_o also_o to_o weave_v this_o cotton_n into_o cloth_n especial_o one_o sort_n of_o it_o viz._n of_o which_o they_o make_v their_o inni_n as_o they_o call_v they_o which_o be_v certain_a hang_a bed_n much_o use_v by_o the_o american_n people_n both_o at_o mexico_n and_o in_o all_o the_o northern_a part_n and_o likewise_o in_o peru._n these_o be_v web_n of_o a_o good_a strong_a sort_n of_o cotton_n cloth_n weave_v about_o eight_o or_o nine_o foot_n long_o and_o a_o ell_n broad_a with_o loophole_n at_o each_o end_n through_o which_o by_o put_v a_o cord_n or_o some_o small_a line_n they_o hang_v they_o up_o in_o their_o house_n upon_o beam_n or_o tainter_n make_v for_o that_o purpose_n and_o when_o they_o be_v abroad_o in_o the_o field_n or_o hunt_v in_o the_o wood_n upon_o the_o bough_n of_o tree_n or_o any_o other_o thing_n they_o find_v convenient_a they_o use_v they_o chief_o in_o the_o field_n and_o when_o they_o march_v against_o their_o enemy_n for_o they_o be_v not_o very_o troublesome_a to_o carry_v and_o be_v much_o more_o convenient_a and_o healthful_a either_o to_o sleep_v in_o or_o lie_v upon_o than_o the_o bare_a ground_n especial_o in_o those_o country_n and_o in_o the_o night_n time_n and_o when_o they_o be_v foul_a they_o make_v a_o lie_n of_o a_o certain_a great_a cucumer_n or_o gourd_n cut_v in_o piece_n and_o steep_v a_o good_a while_n in_o water_n and_o afterward_o boil_a with_o which_o they_o scour_v and_o bring_v they_o to_o as_o perfect_a whiteness_n as_o any_o soap_n or_o fullers-earth_n will_v be_v able_a to_o do_v 5._o and_o because_o the_o silk_n taffeta_n satin_n and_o other_o fine_a draperie_n of_o america_n be_v not_o only_o as_o good_a for_o the_o most_o part_n as_o those_o of_o the_o eastern_a part_n but_o begin_v also_o now_o to_o be_v as_o great_a a_o merchandise_n both_o from_o mexico_n and_o peru_n and_o for_o that_o the_o country_n afford_v such_o good_a plenty_n of_o mulberry_n tree_n both_o plant_v and_o natural_o grow_v the_o leaf_n whereof_o be_v the_o most_o proper_a and_o kindly_a sustenance_n of_o the_o worm_n which_o breed_v and_o make_v the_o silk_n i_o must_v not_o pass_v it_o over_o without_o some_o short_a touch_n at_o least_o upon_o this_o subject_n viz._n of_o the_o nature_n of_o silk_n itself_o and_o especial_o of_o that_o admirable_a creature_n the_o silkworm_n which_o breed_v it_o silk_n original_o be_v nothing_o else_o but_o a_o fine_a thread_n spin_v out_o of_o the_o bowel_n of_o a_o certain_a worm_n which_o the_o latin_n call_v bombyx_fw-la we_o in_o english_a common_o the_o silk_n worm_n in_o same_o the_o manner_n as_o the_o common_a spider_n weave_v his_o dusky_a yet_o curious_a web_n out_o of_o himself_o the_o worm_n at_o the_o indies_n be_v of_o the_o bigness_n of_o a_o man_n finger_n or_o thumb_n somewhat_o great_a than_o those_o of_o italy_n and_o other_o part_n of_o europe_n and_o be_v breed_v two_o manner_n of_o way_n that_o be_v to_o say_v by_o putrefaction_n as_o other_o infect_v common_o be_v and_o also_o by_o a_o more_o proper_a and_o specifical_a generation_n the_o first_o be_v according_a to_o the_o report_n of_o pliny_n in_o his_o natural_a history_n of_o the_o flower_n of_o the_o cypress_n and_o turpentine_n tree_n and_o likewise_o many_o time_n of_o the_o ash_n and_o oak_n which_o in_o time_n of_o year_n either_o fall_n from_o the_o tree_n of_o themselves_o
they_o do_v in_o this_o manner_n they_o sit_v common_o kneedeep_o in_o the_o water_n upon_o the_o bank_n of_o some_o river_n or_o other_o place_n where_o they_o have_v good_a store_n of_o water_n before_o they_o with_o a_o trey_n or_o little_a bowl_n in_o their_o hand_n cut_v slope_v on_o either_o side_n but_o in_o the_o midst_n deep_a and_o round_o like_o the_o bottom_n of_o a_o barber_n basin_n have_v a_o good_a quantity_n of_o the_o sand_n which_o they_o be_v to_o wash_v continual_o stand_v by_o they_o &_o which_o be_v bring_v to_o they_o by_o some_o other_o body_n appoint_v to_o serve_v they_o of_o this_o sand_n they_o take_v what_o quantity_n they_o think_v fit_a and_o wash_v it_o in_o their_o trey_n in_o such_o manner_n as_o the_o sand_n and_o sandy_a earth_n easy_o wash_v away_o together_o with_o the_o water_n and_o the_o gold_n by_o reason_n of_o its_o heaviness_n and_o weight_n natural_o sink_v down_o and_o slip_n into_o the_o deep_a bottom_n or_o bowl_n of_o the_o trey_n which_o when_o they_o have_v do_v they_o deliver_v it_o likewise_o to_o other_o that_o stand_v there_o to_o receive_v it_o and_o take_v in_o more_o sand_n so_o that_o to_o every_o trey_n or_o washer_n of_o gold_n there_o be_v three_o or_o four_o person_n at_o least_o appoint_v to_o attend_v viz._n one_o to_o bring_v the_o sand_n from_o the_o river_n to_o the_o washer_n another_o to_o receive_v the_o gold_n when_o it_o be_v wash_v one_o to_o oversee_v the_o work_n and_o another_o to_o provide_v victual_n and_o necessary_n for_o they_o all_o for_o they_o stir_v not_o from_o morning_n till_o night_n from_o the_o place_n where_o they_o work_v and_o thus_o you_o shall_v see_v hundred_o of_o people_n wash_v and_o search_v for_o gold_n all_o along_o the_o bank_n of_o the_o river_n this_o be_v general_o the_o way_n of_o gather_v of_o gold_n as_o for_o their_o manner_n of_o refine_n it_o we_o shall_v speak_v of_o that_o and_o the_o refine_n of_o silver_n all_o under_o one_o 4._o silver_n they_o find_v either_o in_o vein_n straggle_v as_o they_o call_v they_o or_o fix_v the_o first_o be_v when_o they_o find_v some_o piece_n or_o a_o few_o small_a piece_n of_o that_o metal_n alone_o which_o when_o they_o have_v take_v out_o of_o the_o mine_n or_o stone_n there_o be_v no_o more_o of_o it_o to_o be_v find_v the_o other_o be_v when_o the_o vein_n of_o the_o metal_n run_v out_o and_o spread_v itself_o up_o and_o down_o the_o mine_n in_o breadth_n and_o length_n upward_o downward_o and_o every_o way_n like_o the_o root_n of_o a_o tree_n with_o arm_n bough_n and_o branch_n for_o so_o for_o the_o most_o part_n it_o do_v and_o the_o mineralist_n do_v common_o represent_v the_o mine_n of_o these_o metal_n especial_o of_o silver_n by_o the_o type_n of_o a_o tree_n plant_v within_o the_o bowel_n or_o middle_a part_n of_o some_o great_a mountain_n with_o its_o root_n spread_v large_o downward_o and_o with_o its_o bough_n and_o branch_n reach_v as_o far_o upward_o even_o to_o the_o top_n or_o high_a part_n of_o the_o mountain_n at_o which_o it_o usual_o discover_v itself_o either_o by_o some_o part_n of_o the_o pure_a vein_n itself_o break_v out_o and_o run_v along_o upon_o the_o ridge_n of_o the_o mountain_n or_o but_o little_a within_o the_o surface_n of_o the_o earth_n or_o else_o by_o the_o sign_n which_o be_v certain_a fumosity_n or_o metallic_a exhalation_n which_o the_o mine_n send_v forth_o of_o diverse_a colour_n viz._n yellowish_a white_a blue_a green_a according_a to_o the_o strength_n and_o quality_n of_o the_o mine_n and_o its_o near_a approach_n to_o the_o surface_n of_o the_o earth_n these_o sign_n where_o they_o find_v they_o they_o call_v marchasite_n and_o the_o near_o they_o approach_v in_o colour_n to_o the_o metal_n which_o they_o signify_v the_o better_a sign_n they_o be_v account_v to_o be_v as_o argue_v that_o the_o mine_n be_v rich_a and_o that_o the_o metal_n within_o the_o ground_n be_v well_o concoct_v and_o pure_a this_o we_o must_v know_v be_v a_o general_a rule_n to_o discover_v and_o find_v the_o mine_n but_o not_o universal_a for_o sometime_o they_o venture_v to_o dig_v and_o fall_v upon_o very_o good_a mine_n without_o any_o such_o special_a sign_n appear_v only_o induce_v by_o the_o quality_n of_o the_o earth_n and_o the_o natural_a barrenness_n of_o the_o mountain_n or_o place_n where_o they_o dig_v and_o it_o be_v general_o count_v in_o peru_n a_o sign_n good_a enough_o if_o the_o mountain_n or_o mountainous_a part_n of_o the_o earth_n which_o they_o pitch_v upon_o for_o in_o such_o a_o soil_n only_o the_o best_a and_o rich_a mine_n be_v find_v be_v very_o rugged_a hard_a and_o sharp_a and_o so_o absolute_o barren_a that_o not_o a_o tree_n plant_n or_o shrub_n grow_v on_o it_o and_o that_o the_o grass_n if_o yet_o it_o bear_v any_o be_v of_o a_o faint_a wither_a colour_n and_o seem_v as_o it_o be_v to_o be_v parch_v with_o drought_n these_o vein_n lie_v common_o deep_a within_o ground_n yet_o afford_v very_o good_a and_o pure_a metal_n the_o principal_a vein_n of_o the_o mine_n for_o the_o most_o part_n run_v direct_o north_n and_o south_n yet_o branch_a themselves_o into_o lesser_a bough_n several_a way_n viz._n east_n west_n and_o towards_o all_o quarter_n be_v find_v many_o time_n five_o or_o six_o foot_n broad_a and_o seldom_o so_o narrow_a as_o a_o span_n and_o this_o run_v and_o branch_a of_o the_o vein_n in_o the_o mine_n they_o call_v the_o chase_n the_o way_n of_o dig_v for_o the_o metal_n be_v diverse_a sometime_o they_o begin_v at_o the_o top_n or_o upper_a part_n of_o the_o mountain_n where_o they_o first_o observe_v the_o marchasite_n or_o sign_n of_o the_o metal_n and_o sink_v the_o mine_n downward_o like_o a_o well_o only_o take_v a_o convenient_a space_n of_o ground_n for_o the_o platform_n or_o compass_n of_o the_o mine_n and_o leave_v stanzas_n or_o place_n to_o rest_v upon_o and_o dispatch_v necessary_a business_n at_o a_o certain_a distance_n one_o from_o another_o 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ground_n the_o big_a and_o better_a it_o be_v verify_v in_o a_o new_a sense_n the_o proverb_n the_o best_a be_v at_o the_o bottom_n this_o be_v count_v the_o best_a way_n of_o mining_n and_o most_o commodious_a in_o many_o respect_n especial_o for_o drayn_v away_o of_o the_o water_n which_o be_v common_o find_v in_o the_o mineral_n hill_n and_o do_v extreme_o trouble_v the_o miner_n in_o their_o work_n if_o they_o be_v not_o divert_v and_o likewise_o for_o carry_v the_o silver_n out_o of_o the_o mine_n when_o it_o be_v dig_v neither_o of_o which_o can_v be_v do_v the_o other_o way_n viz._n where_o the_o mine_n be_v sink_v right_n downward_o without_o excessive_a labour_n charge_n time_n and_o hazard_v to_o the_o workman_n but_o this_o way_n be_v do_v with_o ease_n for_o the_o water_n that_o issue_n out_o of_o the_o chink_n of_o the_o mountain_n and_o fall_v into_o the_o mine_n be_v easy_o receive_v into_o certain_a cistern_n make_v for_o the_o purpose_n and_o by_o pipe_n divert_v which_o way_n they_o please_v and_o the_o silver_n be_v no_o less_o easy_o carry_v out_o of_o the_o mine_n for_o the_o way_n to_o the_o mouth_n of_o it_o be_v either_o level_a or_o slope_v downward_o the_o poor_a miner_n be_v not_o force_v to_o mount_v with_o it_o upon_o their_o back_n as_o they_o do_v the_o other_o way_n two_o hundred_o sometime_o three_o hundred_o stade_n or_o man-height_n from_o the_o place_n where_o they_o dig_v it_o upon_o ladder_n make_v of_o neats-hides_a or_o leather_n and_o from_o which_o many_o time_n by_o mischance_n they_o fall_v down_o with_o it_o into_o the_o mine_n upon_o their_o back_n and_o be_v break_v to_o piece_n if_o they_o dig_v far_o into_o the_o mountain_n
than_o any_o of_o these_o yet_o prove_v as_o fruitless_a as_o the_o rest_n he_o begin_v his_o march_n in_o the_o year_n 1538._o and_o continue_v it_o till_o 1543._o overrun_v the_o country_n with_o a_o little_a army_n of_o three_o hundred_o and_o fifty_o horse_n and_o 90_o foot_n subdue_a the_o paracoussi_n or_o petty_a prince_n where_o he_o come_v to_o the_o crown_n of_o spain_n and_o compel_v they_o to_o send_v in_o their_o turkey_n hen_n and_o other_o fowl_n for_o the_o victual_v of_o his_o run_a camp_n every_o day_n till_o at_o last_o find_v his_o hope_n of_o gold_n frustrate_v and_o a_o good_a part_n of_o his_o army_n waste_v and_o the_o rest_n much_o weaken_v with_o travel_n strike_v with_o grief_n and_o as_o some_o say_v also_o with_o a_o fever_n he_o die_v in_o the_o midst_n of_o his_o journey_n and_o the_o remnant_n of_o his_o company_n under_o the_o command_n of_o ludevico_n muscoso_n his_o lieutenant_n with_o much_o difficulty_n recover_v mexico_n at_o last_o upon_o so_o many_o unsuccessfull_a attempt_n the_o spaniard_n seem_v to_o leave_v the_o country_n whereupon_o the_o french_a enter_v send_v thither_o by_o gaspar_n coligni_n admiral_n of_o france_n in_o the_o year_n 1562_o but_o they_o be_v such_o as_o the_o spaniard_n like_v not_o to_o have_v so_o near_o they_o wherefore_o immediate_o upon_o the_o land_n of_o a_o second_o supply_n in_o the_o year_n 1565_o at_o charles_n fort_n upon_o the_o river_n port-royall_a above_o say_v the_o spaniard_n set_v upon_o they_o both_o by_o sea_n and_o land_n force_v their_o ship_n violent_o upon_o the_o rock_n sack_v the_o new_a town_n and_o put_v the_o whole_a colony_n to_o the_o sword_n scarce_o one_o man_n escape_v together_o with_o ribault_n himself_o who_o be_v commander_n in_o chief_a for_o the_o expedition_n there_o be_v above_o six_o hundred_o french_a slay_v in_o this_o action_n and_o all_o their_o hope_n in_o florida_n thereby_o utter_o extinct_a since_o that_o time_n the_o spaniard_n have_v better_o fortify_v those_o place_n of_o the_o peninsula_n viz._n saint_n matthews_n and_o saint_n augustine_n abovesaid_a together_o with_o the_o castle_n of_o saint_n philip_n and_o saint_n jage_n in_o the_o more_o northerly_a part_n of_o it_o but_o it_o be_v like_o aesop_n dog_n in_o the_o manger_n rather_o to_o keep_v out_o other_o than_o that_o they_o make_v any_o good_a improvement_n of_o the_o country_n themselves_o and_o therefore_o if_o they_o be_v beat_v out_o and_o send_v to_o attend_v their_o mine_n and_o sugar-mills_n elsewhere_o it_o may_v seem_v but_o just_a the_o country_n be_v a_o large_a and_o goodly_a province_n of_o america_n of_o a_o fertile_a and_o good_a soil_n general_o yet_o neither_o people_v with_o native_n nor_o use_v in_o any_o sort_n as_o it_o ought_v to_o the_o honour_n of_o god_n and_o the_o advancement_n of_o public_a good_a what_o reason_n or_o justice_n therefore_o can_v it_o be_v that_o the_o spaniard_n only_o by_o the_o advantage_n of_o a_o fort_n or_o two_o upon_o the_o coast_n shall_v pretend_v to_o be_v lord_n of_o the_o whole_a land_n and_o neither_o improve_v it_o themselves_o as_o it_o ought_v to_o be_v improve_v nor_o permit_v any_o other_o nation_n that_o be_v willing_a so_o to_o do_v it_o be_v suppose_v indeed_o they_o keep_v it_o as_o a_o reserve_n of_o treasure_n to_o themselves_o that_o when_o they_o have_v leisure_n or_o that_o their_o mine_n at_o potozi_n or_o other_o place_n fail_v they_o may_v make_v a_o further_a search_n about_o the_o apalatti_n of_o this_o province_n of_o which_o there_o be_v confident_a report_n that_o they_o have_v mine_n and_o though_o success_n hitherto_o have_v not_o answer_v their_o endeavour_n much_o yet_o they_o despair_v not_o in_o due_a time_n to_o find_v they_o upon_o a_o absolute_a conquest_n of_o the_o country_n and_o a_o more_o thorough_a search_n and_o true_o their_o policy_n and_o great_a providence_n seem_v not_o easy_o to_o be_v condemn_v but_o in_o the_o mean_a time_n if_o any_o other_o nation_n upon_o just_a ground_n shall_v happen_v to_o step_v between_o and_o prevent_v they_o they_o have_v but_o little_a reason_n to_o complain_v or_o to_o count_v themselves_o injure_v 5._o there_o lie_v over_o against_o the_o country_n of_o florida_n westward_o or_o south-west_n certain_a small_a island_n which_o because_o they_o be_v but_o small_a one_o and_o lie_v so_o near_o the_o continent_n geographer_n sometime_o describe_v as_o a_o part_n and_o appertain_v to_o the_o continent_n they_o be_v call_v by_o a_o general_a name_n the_o leucayae_n island_n and_o have_v not_o much_o to_o be_v speak_v of_o they_o the_o chief_a be_v first_o las_n tortugas_n or_o the_o tortoise_n which_o be_v seven_o or_o eight_o little_a island_n lie_v together_o at_o the_o south-west_n point_n of_o the_o peninsula_n call_v cape_n florida_n right_o over_o against_o the_o port_n havana_n of_o the_o isle_n cuba_n from_o which_o they_o be_v distant_a about_o five_o or_o six_o league_n and_o by_o their_o lie_v so_o scatter_v up_o and_o down_o in_o the_o sea_n as_o they_o do_v they_o make_v the_o passage_n from_o thence_o to_o havana_n not_o a_o little_a dangerous_a second_o los_fw-la martyr_n these_o be_v three_o great_a rock_n rather_o than_o island_n lie_v to_o the_o southeast_n of_o cape_n florida_n and_o cover_v for_o the_o most_o part_n with_o a_o whitish_a sand_n and_o a_o few_o bush_n grow_v on_o they_o they_o seem_v at_o a_o distance_n to_o bear_v a_o resemblance_n of_o man_n impald_v or_o bind_v to_o stake_n as_o the_o martyr_n in_o primitive_a time_n usual_o be_v which_o occasion_v the_o spaniard_n so_o to_o name_v they_o it_o be_v very_o dangerous_a to_o come_v too_o near_o they_o but_o to_o have_v sight_n of_o they_o be_v of_o great_a use_n to_o man_n at_o sea_n for_o by_o pass_v these_o rock_n and_o leave_v they_o to_o the_o southeast_n they_o certain_o know_v that_o they_o be_v now_o enter_v the_o streit_n not_o of_o magellan_n which_o lie_v many_o thousand_o of_o league_n further_a southward_o of_o which_o we_o shall_v speak_v in_o due_a place_n but_o of_o bahama_n that_o be_v that_o they_o have_v leave_v the_o ocean_n and_o be_v fall_v in_o among_o those_o many_o island_n which_o do_v as_o it_o be_v barricado_n and_o block_n up_o the_o eastern_a coast_n of_o america_n towards_o nombre_n de_fw-fr dios_n and_o terra_fw-la firma_fw-la as_o they_o call_v it_o through_o which_o the_o passage_n to_o the_o continent_n be_v sometime_o dangerous_a by_o reason_n of_o contrary_a wind_n and_o always_o such_o as_o it_o require_v the_o skill_n and_o care_n of_o a_o experience_a pilot_n to_o conduct_v the_o ship_n well_o thither_o three_o bahama_n lie_v westward_o of_o cape_n florida_n famous_a for_o nothing_o but_o only_o for_o give_v name_n to_o the_o streit_n so_o call_v which_o run_v betwixt_o the_o peninsula_n of_o florida_n and_o it_o with_o such_o a_o violent_a course_n and_o torrent_n that_o although_o it_o be_v above_o sixteen_o mile_n broad_a yet_o many_o time_n neither_o wind_n nor_o oar_n can_v prevail_v against_o it_o four_o guanahani_n the_o first_o piece_n of_o american_n ground_n that_o be_v discover_v and_o name_v by_o christopher_n columbus_n saint_n saviour_n or_o salvador_n as_o have_v be_v say_v chap._n vi_o of_o califormia_n 1._o califormia_n in_o the_o general_n contain_v all_o those_o province_n of_o the_o northern_a part_n of_o america_n whither_o discover_v or_o undiscovered_a which_o lie_v westward_o of_o florida_n canada_n and_o virginia_n and_o to_o the_o northwest_o of_o new-gallicia_a up_o to_o the_o streit_n of_o anian_a or_o that_o sea_n which_o be_v suppose_v to_o divide_v the_o continent_n of_o tartary_n from_o america_n but_o more_o especial_o take_v it_o comprehend_v only_o that_o large_a peninsula_n or_o demy-island_n as_o it_o seem_v to_o be_v which_o stretch_v itself_o from_o north_n to_o south_n to_o a_o vast_a length_n on_o the_o west_n side_n of_o mar_n vermiglio_n as_o it_o be_v common_o call_v and_o sometime_o the_o bay_n of_o califormia_n they_o that_o take_v it_o in_o ihe_n first_o and_o large_a sense_n describe_v under_o the_o name_n of_o califormia_n these_o four_o particular_a province_n viz._n 1._o quivira_n 2._o cibola_n 3._o califormia_n proper_o so_o call_v and_o 4._o nova_fw-la albion_n 2._o quivira_n take_v up_o the_o most_o northern_a and_o unknown_a part_n of_o america_n towards_o the_o west_n reach_v as_o far_o as_o the_o suppose_a strait_o of_o anian_a aforesaid_a if_o there_o be_v any_o such_o or_o else_o join_v to_o the_o continent_n of_o tartary_n it_o be_v likewise_o the_o barren_a and_o least_o fruitful_a part_n of_o all_o the_o west-indies_n especial_o for_o corn._n cattle_n it_o have_v great_a store_n and_o pasturage_v good_a the_o country_n be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n plain_a and_o level_a and_o nothing_o else_o but_o pasturage_n the_o native_n few_o and_o
savage_a live_v in_o hoard_v or_o great_a company_n together_o after_o the_o manner_n of_o the_o tartar_n to_o who_o they_o be_v neighbour_n and_o as_o it_o be_v not_o improbable_o think_v of_o their_o race_n they_o clothe_v themselves_o viz._n the_o man_n most_o common_o in_o that_o kind_n of_o ox_n hide_n which_o we_o describe_v before_o chap._n 9_o under_o the_o name_n of_o taurus_n mexicanus_n the_o woman_n with_o little_a else_o but_o their_o hair_n notwithstanding_o the_o country_n especial_o for_o one_o half_a of_o the_o year_n be_v eucessive_o cold_a their_o cattle_n though_o they_o be_v much_o less_o than_o the_o ordinary_a kine_n of_o europe_n be_v the_o chief_a sustenance_n and_o employment_n of_o the_o native_n by_o pasture_v of_o huge_a herd_n whereof_o from_o place_n to_o place_v the_o people_n live_v and_o maintain_v a_o traffic_n with_o other_o part_n yet_o some_o of_o they_o inhabit_v town_n the_o chief_a whereof_o as_o yet_o discover_v seem_v to_o be_v these_o viz._n acus_fw-la or_o acuco_n as_o some_o call_v it_o a_o small_a town_n but_o seat_v in_o a_o strong_a defensible_a place_n have_v some_o small_a quantity_n of_o cotton_n grow_v about_o it_o 2._o tignez_fw-fr a_o town_n seat_v upon_o the_o bank_n of_o a_o river_n bear_v the_o same_o name_n and_o inhabit_v it_o seem_v by_o a_o stout_a and_o resolute_a people_n and_o who_o the_o spanish_a come_v among_o they_o in_o the_o year_n 1540_o have_v much_o ado_n to_o master_n they_o endure_v a_o siege_n for_o the_o space_n of_o six_o week_n together_o and_o at_o last_o find_v themselves_o so_o strong_o begird_v by_o enemy_n that_o there_o be_v no_o mean_n of_o escape_n but_o by_o death_n or_o yield_v up_o themselves_o rather_o than_o they_o will_v fall_v alive_a into_o their_o hand_n they_o first_o bury_v and_o spoil_v all_o such_o treasure_n as_o they_o have_v which_o be_v chief_o saphire_n and_o a_o few_o other_o gem_n that_o the_o country_n afford_v and_o after_o that_o set_a fire_n on_o their_o household_n stuff_n they_o take_v their_o wife_n and_o child_n with_o they_o and_o make_v a_o desperate_a sally_n out_o upon_o the_o spaniard_n wherein_o although_o they_o be_v most_o of_o they_o slay_v tread_v under_o the_o horse_n foot_n or_o drown_v in_o pass_v the_o river_n yet_o be_v it_o not_o without_o some_o loss_n to_o the_o spaniard_n themselves_o nor_o will_v those_o few_o that_o be_v leave_v behind_o deliver_v up_o the_o town_n till_o it_o be_v fire_v about_o their_o ear_n and_o that_o they_o can_v no_o long_o abide_v in_o it_o 3._o cicuic_fw-la another_o small_a town_n four_o day_n journey_n distant_a from_o tignez_fw-fr the_o country_n about_o this_o place_n although_o general_o it_o be_v all_o good_a pasturage_n and_o maintain_v abundance_n of_o cattle_n yet_o be_v it_o so_o open_a and_o plain_a that_o for_o almost_o one_o hundred_o mile_n together_o the_o spaniard_n in_o their_o march_n hither_o from_o new-spain_n find_v neither_o stone_n nor_o tree_n nor_o any_o 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