it_o to_o free_v the_o pure_o nitrous_a from_o the_o other_o saline_a particle_n i_o be_o prone_a to_o suspect_v that_o in_o very_a many_o place_n especial_o maritime_a one_o the_o effluvia_fw-la of_o common_a salt_n do_v at_o least_o as_o plentiful_o as_o those_o of_o saltpetre_n abound_v in_o or_o impregnate_n the_o air_n which_o conjecture_n may_v be_v favour_v by_o divers_a thing_n if_o i_o have_v leisure_n to_o insist_v on_o they_o that_o in_o some_o place_n that_o abound_v with_o marchasite_n there_o be_v a_o kind_n of_o fret_v vitriolate_a salt_n copious_o disperse_v through_o the_o air_n i_o have_v be_v incline_v to_o think_v partly_o by_o other_o inducement_n and_o partly_o by_o the_o answer_v make_v i_o by_o a_o very_a observe_a man_n who_o live_v in_o a_o place_n that_o i_o remember_v i_o visit_v where_o be_v force_v to_o reside_v a_o good_a while_n he_o find_v the_o hang_n of_o his_o chamber_n and_o the_o curtain_n of_o his_o bed_n rot_v by_o the_o vitriolate_a steam_n expire_v by_o the_o soil_n who_o effluvia_fw-la have_v also_o very_o manifest_a and_o unwelcome_a effect_n on_o divers_a other_o thing_n that_o be_v keep_v near_o that_o place_n though_o on_o the_o opposite_a side_n of_o the_o river_n in_o a_o town_n that_o be_v not_o half_a a_o mile_n distant_a from_o this_o place_n neither_o i_o at_o my_o be_v there_o hear_v any_o such_o thing_n complain_v of_o nor_o the_o relator_n who_o have_v often_o occasion_n to_o repair_v thither_o observe_v any_o such_o mischievous_a effect_n the_o soil_n of_o this_o latter_a place_n be_v chalky_a whereas_o the_o other_o above_o mention_v be_v vitriolate_v insomuch_o that_o he_o observe_v that_o when_o the_o moist_a and_o blackish_a mould_n have_v be_v beat_v upon_o by_o the_o sun_n that_o here_o and_o there_o the_o superficial_a part_n will_v be_v as_o it_o be_v besprinkle_v with_o a_o somewhat_o whitish_a saline_a efflorescence_n beside_o the_o hitherto-mentioned_a kind_n of_o salt_n it_o seem_v not_o improbable_a to_o i_o that_o the_o air_n especial_o about_o great_a town_n and_o some_o other_o particular_a place_n may_v be_v impregnate_v with_o volatile_a salt_n that_o be_v of_o a_o nature_n contrary_n to_o acid_n for_o that_o there_o may_v be_v place_n in_o the_o earth_n even_o at_o a_o good_a depth_n under_o ground_n that_o lodge_v such_o salt_n i_o have_v be_v induce_v to_o think_v by_o the_o experience_n of_o a_o acquaintance_n of_o i_o who_o hope_v to_o find_v in_o the_o salt_n of_o what_o he_o suppose_v to_o be_v virgin-earth_n the_o true_a receptacle_n of_o a_o universal_a spirit_n from_o which_o he_o promise_v himself_o great_a and_o profitable_a matter_n cause_v to_o be_v dug_n up_o a_o great_a deal_n of_o a_o certain_a clay_n in_o a_o place_n abound_v with_o mineral_n and_o obtain_v thence_o by_o mere_a distillation_n no_o inconsiderable_a quantity_n of_o spirit_n and_o salt_n which_o in_o divers_a quality_n as_o smell_v taste_v etc._n etc._n i_o judge_v to_o be_v near_o of_o kin_n to_o the_o spirit_n of_o urine_n or_o hartshorn_n and_o yet_o this_o earth_n be_v dug_n up_o at_o the_o depth_n of_o many_o foot_n not_o to_o say_v yard_n beneath_o the_o surface_n of_o the_o ground_n as_o a_o ingenious_a potter_n from_o who_o the_o chemist_n have_v the_o clay_n assure_v i_o upon_o the_o place_n itself_o which_o i_o once_o visit_v to_o see_v some_o other_o choice_a mineral_n that_o ennoble_v that_o soil_n whence_o i_o will_v have_v get_v a_o quantity_n of_o the_o abovementioned_a day_n but_o that_o it_o be_v then_o the_o midst_n of_o winter_n the_o rain_n have_v as_o the_o workman_n speak_v drown_v 〈◊〉_d pit_n in_o great_a city_n and_o also_o town_n where_o much_o wood_n be_v burn_v it_o be_v probable_a that_o numerous_a particle_n of_o volatile_a salt_n may_v be_v disperse_v through_o the_o neighbour_a air._n for_o as_o i_o have_v elsewhere_o show_v the_o soot_n of_o burn_v wood_n which_o be_v but_o that_o small_a part_n of_o the_o smoke_n which_o chance_v in_o its_o passage_n upward_o to_o stick_v to_o the_o chimney_n do_v very_o much_o abound_v in_o a_o volatile_a saline_a spirit_n which_o by_o many_o trial_n be_v find_v to_o have_v so_o much_o affinity_n to_o that_o of_o urine_n and_o of_o hartshorn_n as_o not_o to_o be_v easy_o but_o by_o the_o smell_v distinguish_v from_o it_o beside_o in_o several_a place_n the_o putrefaction_n of_o substance_n that_o once_o be_v part_n of_o animal_n body_n may_v furnish_v the_o air_n with_o volatile_a salt_n as_o i_o have_v elsewhere_o mention_v that_o i_o find_v that_o urine_n without_o distillation_n will_v by_o bare_a putrefaction_n afford_v saline_a and_o spirituous_a part_n that_o whilst_o they_o yet_o swim_v in_o the_o copious_a phlegm_n that_o make_v up_o the_o body_n of_o the_o liquor_n will_v manifest_o discover_v themselves_o to_o be_v volatile_a not_o only_o by_o their_o smell_n but_o by_o their_o hiss_v with_o acid_a spirit_n and_o by_o their_o dissolve_v some_o body_n and_o precipitate_v other_o according_a to_o the_o manner_n of_o volatile_a sulphureous_a salt_n as_o those_o that_o abound_v in_o spirit_n of_o hartshorn_n blood_n etc._n etc._n and_o i_o be_o apt_a to_o think_v that_o it_o be_v not_o only_a in_o the_o part_n of_o animal_n but_o also_o in_o those_o of_o many_o vegetable_n that_o putrefaction_n may_v either_o extricate_v or_o produce_v volatile_a salt_n and_o i_o remember_v i_o have_v observe_v in_o some_o succulent_a vegetable_n that_o chance_v to_o lie_v in_o a_o heap_n together_o in_o a_o convenient_a season_n of_o the_o year_n to_o make_v they_o rot_v i_o observe_v i_o say_v when_o the_o putrefaction_n be_v come_v to_o a_o certain_a point_n that_o the_o stink_n do_v so_o resemble_v that_o of_o carrion_n that_o it_o be_v not_o easy_a for_o i_o to_o believe_v it_o come_v from_o cadaverous_a plant_n not_o animal_n and_o that_o it_o be_v not_o impossible_a for_o a_o vegetable_a to_o afford_v without_o the_o help_n of_o a_o additament_n a_o volatile_a salt_n even_o in_o forma_fw-la sicca_fw-la may_v be_v gather_v from_o what_o i_o elsewhere_o relate_v of_o my_o have_v distil_v such_o a_o salt_n from_o a_o certain_a spirituous_a seed_n though_o i_o free_o confess_v i_o never_o obtain_v any_o without_o previous_a incineration_n from_o above_o two_o or_o three_o vegetable_n but_o of_o this_o enough_o in_o this_o place_n i_o shall_v now_o add_v that_o beside_o the_o more_o simple_a salt_n hitherto_o enumerate_v it_o be_v not_o unlikely_a that_o in_o some_o place_n the_o air_n may_v sometime_o contain_v compound_v salt_n for_o i_o have_v elsewhere_o show_v that_o some_o sort_n of_o saline_a spirit_n meet_v one_o another_o in_o the_o air_n may_v there_o convene_v and_o i_o elsewhere_o teach_v how_o to_o order_v a_o couple_n of_o liquor_n so_o that_o one_o will_v never_o of_o itself_o afford_v any_o thing_n in_o a_o dry_a form_n and_o yet_o the_o spirituous_a effluvia_fw-la of_o this_o liquor_n meet_v with_o those_o of_o the_o other_o will_v exhibit_v a_o volatile_a and_o saline_a body_n in_o a_o dry_a form_n though_o the_o liquor_n themselves_o be_v mingle_v will_v not_o afford_v any_o such_o substance_n what_o i_o have_v elsewhere_o deliver_v concern_v subterraneal_a steam_n may_v make_v it_o probable_a that_o at_o least_o now_o and_o then_o and_o in_o some_o place_n there_o may_v be_v send_v up_o from_o under_o ground_n into_o the_o air_n among_o other_o effluvia_fw-la store_n of_o saline_a one_o which_o need_v not_o be_v suppose_v all_o of_o they_o to_o be_v of_o a_o uncompounded_a nature_n with_o which_o that_o agree_v very_o well_o that_o be_v relate_v to_o i_o by_o a_o very_a intelligent_a acquaintance_n of_o i_o that_o live_v long_o in_o part_n of_o america_n where_o there_o be_v a_o vulcan_n which_o he_o and_o some_o other_o have_v the_o curiosity_n to_o visit_v tell_v i_o that_o before_o they_o come_v any_o thing_n near_o the_o fire_n or_o be_v offend_v by_o the_o heat_n not_o only_o the_o skin_n of_o his_o face_n be_v almost_o corrode_v by_o the_o sharpness_n of_o the_o exhalation_n but_o the_o colour_n of_o his_o hair_n be_v alter_v by_o it_o which_o keep_v he_o from_o prosecute_a his_o intend_a discovery_n it_o be_v a_o know_a thing_n and_o i_o have_v receive_v information_n of_o it_o from_o more_o than_o one_o eye-witness_n that_o about_o mount_n vesuvius_n the_o ascend_a exhalation_n that_o issue_n out_o at_o some_o of_o the_o holes_n be_v of_o so_o saline_a and_o sulphureous_a a_o nature_n that_o part_n of_o they_o stick_v about_o the_o orifice_n of_o those_o vent_v in_o the_o form_n of_o flower_n of_o brimstone_n of_o which_o a_o learned_a acquaintance_n of_o i_o bring_v away_o some_o quantity_n and_o i_o have_v have_v bring_v i_o from_o some_o of_o those_o vulcan_n a_o stone_n who_o cavety_n abound_v with_o a_o white_a salt_n which_o by_o fit_a
the_o north_n side_n of_o the_o mountain_n be_v even_o then_o cover_v with_o snow_n and_o scarce_o at_o all_o passable_a a_o ingenious_a physician_n dr._n b._n that_o have_v be_v in_o divers_a of_o the_o inland_a part_n of_o africa_n among_o other_o answer_n that_o he_o return_v to_o the_o question_n that_o i_o ask_v he_o about_o the_o temperament_n of_o the_o air_n in_o those_o part_n give_v i_o this_o memorable_a one_o that_o have_v have_v occasion_n at_o morocco_n to_o use_v some_o good_a dry_a fine_a jalap_n that_o he_o have_v bring_v with_o he_o out_o of_o england_n he_o find_v it_o by_o the_o heat_n of_o the_o air_n to_o be_v melt_v and_o by_o comsequence_n to_o be_v impulverable_a in_o which_o state_n it_o continue_v whilst_o he_o live_v in_o that_o country_n but_o when_o he_o be_v return_v to_o tangier_n he_o find_v it_o both_o there_o and_o in_o the_o neighbour_a part_n pulverable_a again_o nell_n capo_fw-la di_fw-it comorino_n si_fw-la termina_fw-la cosi_fw-la in_o esta_fw-es come_v 52._o in_o inverno_fw-la dalla_fw-la parte_fw-la di_fw-it la_fw-fr dal_n capo_fw-la verso_fw-it notte_fw-it &_o dal_a '_o altra_fw-la parte_fw-la correspond_v ill_a tempo_fw-la assai_fw-la contrario_fw-la è_fw-la diverso_fw-la di_fw-it maniera_fw-fr che_fw-it chi_fw-mi va_fw-fr navigando_fw-la per_fw-la quella_fw-it costa_fw-la nel_fw-it mese_fw-it di_fw-it ottobre_n sino_fw-la ad_fw-la aprile_a naviga_fw-la nel_fw-it esta_fw-es è_fw-gr non_fw-it pvo_fw-it in_fw-it tutto_fw-mi questo_fw-la tempo_fw-la passare_fw-la il_fw-fr capo_fw-la per_fw-la esser_fw-it ivi_fw-la la_fw-it stagione_fw-la dell_fw-it inverno_fw-it et_fw-fr ill_a padre_n i_o resiede_n nelle_fw-it chies_n ch'_fw-it appartengono_fw-it all_o capo_n di_fw-fr comorinone_n alcune_fw-fr la_fw-fr state_n il_fw-it che_fw-it e_fw-it cosa_fw-mi di_fw-it grand_fw-mi meraviglia_fw-it essendo_fw-la cio_o nel_fw-it medessimo_fw-la tempo_fw-it nella_fw-it distanza_n sola_fw-la ment_fw-la di_fw-it due_n otre_fw-fr miglia_fw-it a_o eminent_a virtuoso_fw-la answer_v i_o that_o in_o tirol_n he_o have_v visit_v a_o very_a deep_a mine_n into_o which_o he_o descend_v three_o hundred_o klaster_n which_o by_o his_o computation_n make_v about_o eighteen_o hundred_o of_o our_o foot_n that_o he_o pass_v not_o through_o that_o he_o take_v notice_n of_o one_o hot_a region_n by_o the_o way_n that_o at_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o mine_n he_o breathe_v very_o free_o because_o of_o the_o air-shaft_n by_o which_o access_n be_v give_v lateral_o to_o the_o superior_a air_n and_o that_o be_v thin_o clothe_v with_o one_o of_o the_o digger_n habit_n he_o find_v at_o the_o bottom_n the_o air_n temperate_a as_o to_o heat_n and_o cold_a though_o it_o be_v then_o summer-season_n of_o the_o year_n so_o that_o notwithstanding_o what_o be_v say_v of_o antiperistasis_n no_o intense_a cold_a be_v retreat_v thither_o to_o shun_v the_o heat_n of_o the_o superior_a air._n a_o ingenious_a gentleman_n very_o conversant_a in_o our_o english_a mine_n of_o one_o of_o which_o he_o be_v owner_n answer_v i_o that_o the_o deep_a mine_n he_o have_v particular_o visit_v be_v a_o tin_n i_o who_o depth_n be_v sixty_o six_o fathom_n that_o be_v almost_o four_o hundred_o foot_n that_o descend_v into_o this_o mine_n in_o summer_n he_o find_v it_o very_o cold_a at_o the_o bottom_n and_o the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o way_n go_v down_o without_o perceive_v any_o hot_a region_n and_o when_o i_o ask_v he_o how_o soon_o he_o begin_v to_o find_v a_o sensible_a cold_a in_o descend_v he_o tell_v i_o that_o he_o find_v it_o within_o two_o fathom_n or_o less_o of_o the_o orifice_n of_o the_o pit_n and_o that_o in_o this_o and_o divers_a other_o mine_n he_o perceive_v a_o sensible_a cold_a to_o begin_v before_o he_o get_v down_o a_o yard_n or_o perhaps_o half_a a_o yard_n beneath_o the_o upper_a part_n of_o the_o fast_a as_o the_o mine-man_n call_v the_o solid_a earth_n in_o which_o they_o distinguish_v from_o the_o loose_a earth_n that_o lie_v above_o it_o and_o be_v if_o i_o may_v so_o call_v it_o the_o scurf_n of_o the_o earth_n that_o be_v far_o more_o light_a and_o porous_a than_o the_o other_o though_o it_o be_v upon_o this_o loose_a earth_n that_o plant_n grow_v and_o into_o which_o even_o great_a timber-tree_n themselves_o shoot_v and_o spread_v their_o root_n seldom_o or_o never_o reach_v to_o or_o penetrate_v into_o the_o fast_a though_o this_o lie_v sometime_o near_o enough_o to_o the_o external_a surface_n of_o the_o crusty_a earth_n a_o exact_a relation_n of_o the_o pico_n teneriff_n take_v from_o mr._n clappham_n about_o the_o 20_o of_o august_n 1646_o mr._n clappham_n together_o with_o mr._n philip_n ward_n john_n webber_n john_n cowling_n thomas_n bridge_n and_o george_n cove_n all_o of_o they_o very_o considerable_a merchant_n and_o worthy_a of_o credit_n with_o one_o guide_n servant_n and_o horse_n to_o carry_v their_o wine_n and_o provision_n do_v set_v out_o from_o oratava_n a_o port-town_n in_o the_o island_n of_o teneriff_n situate_v on_o the_o north_n at_o two_o miles_n distance_n from_o the_o main_a sea_n they_o travel_v from_o twelve_o at_o night_n till_o eight_o in_o the_o morning_n by_o which_o time_n they_o get_v to_o the_o top_n of_o the_o first_o mountain_n towards_o the_o pico_n de_fw-fr teraira_n here_o under_o a_o very_a great_a and_o conspicuous_a pinetree_n they_o break_v their_o fast_a dine_v and_o refresh_v themselves_o till_o two_o in_o the_o afternoon_n and_o then_o proceed_v through_o much_o sandy_a way_n over_o many_o lofty_a mountain_n but_o naked_a and_o bare_a and_o not_o cover_v with_o pinetree_n as_o their_o first_o night_n passage_n be_v which_o expose_v they_o to_o excessive_a heat_n till_o they_o arrive_v to_o the_o foot_n of_o the_o pico_n where_o they_o find_v many_o huge_a stone_n which_o seem_v to_o have_v be_v fall_v down_o from_o some_o superior_a part._n but_o before_o we_o proceed_v further_o to_o give_v any_o account_n of_o this_o journey_n give_v i_o leave_v here_o to_o intersert_v the_o opinion_n of_o dr._n pugh_n a_o person_n of_o very_a great_a reputation_n at_o this_o time_n in_o the_o city_n who_o live_v twenty_o year_n himself_o on_o the_o place_n both_o in_o the_o quality_n of_o a_o physician_n and_o a_o merchant_n and_o be_v very_o curious_a and_o inquisitive_a into_o all_o that_o be_v in_o the_o island_n his_o opinion_n be_v that_o the_o whole_a island_n of_o teneriff_n be_v a_o ground_n mighty_o impregnate_v with_o brimstone_n do_v in_o former_a time_n take_v fire_n and_o blow_v up_o all_o or_o near_o upon_o all_o at_o the_o sametime_n and_o the_o many_o mountain_n of_o huge_a stone_n calcine_v and_o burn_v which_o appear_v every_o where_o about_o the_o island_n especial_o in_o the_o south-west_n part_v of_o it_o be_v raise_v and_o heave_v up_o out_o of_o the_o bowel_n of_o the_o earth_n at_o the_o time_n of_o the_o general_a conflagration_n and_o the_o great_a quantity_n of_o this_o sulphur_n lie_v about_o the_o centre_n of_o the_o island_n raise_v up_o the_o pico_n to_o that_o height_n at_o which_o it_o be_v now_o see_v and_o he_o say_v that_o any_o one_o upon_o the_o place_n that_o shall_v careful_o note_v the_o situation_n and_o manner_n of_o these_o calcine_v rock_n how_o they_o lie_v for_o three_o or_o four_o mile_n almost_o round_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o pico_n and_o in_o such_o order_n one_o above_o another_o almost_o to_o the_o very_a sugar-loaf_n as_o it_o be_v call_v as_o if_o the_o whole_a ground_n and_o rise_v up_o together_o with_o the_o accension_n of_o the_o brimstone_n the_o torrent_n and_o river_n of_o it_o do_v with_o a_o sudden_a eruption_n roll_n and_o tumble_v they_o down_o from_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o rock_n especial_o as_o be_v say_v before_o to_o the_o south-west_n for_o on_o that_o side_n from_o the_o very_a top_n of_o the_o pico_n almost_o to_o the_o seashore_n lie_v huge_a heap_n of_o these_o burn_a rock_n one_o under_o another_o and_o there_o remain_v to_o this_o time_n the_o very_a tract_n of_o the_o river_n of_o brimstone_n as_o they_o run_v over_o all_o this_o quarter_n of_o the_o island_n which_o have_v so_o waste_v the_o ground_n beyond_o recover_v that_o nothing_o can_v be_v make_v to_o grow_v there_o but_o broom_n but_o on_o the_o north_n side_n of_o the_o pico_n few_o or_o none_o of_o these_o stone_n appear_v and_o he_o conclude_v hence_o that_o the_o vulcano_n discharge_v itself_o chief_o to_o south-west_n he_o add_v further_a that_o mine_n of_o several_a metal_n be_v break_v and_o blow_v up_o at_o the_o same_o time_n these_o calcine_v rock_n resemble_v some_o of_o they_o iron_n oar_n some_o silver_n and_o other_o like_o copper_n particular_o at_o a_o certain_a place_n in_o these_o south-west_n part_n call_v the_o azuleio_n be_v very_o high_a mountain_n where_o never_o any_o english_a but_o himself_o that_o he_o ever_o hear_v of_o be_v there_o be_v vast_a quantity_n of_o a_o loose_a bluish_a earth_n
may_v be_v useful_o enough_o substicute_v instead_o of_o it_o of_o this_o hygroscrope_n have_v particular_o describe_v it_o in_o another_o paper_n we_o shall_v now_o only_o say_v in_o a_o word_n that_o it_o be_v make_v by_o fasten_v to_o the_o upper_a end_n of_o a_o piece_n of_o gut-string_n or_o great_a lutestring_n a_o very_a light_a index_n and_o strong_o fasten_v the_o low_a end_n of_o the_o same_o string_n to_o the_o bottom_n of_o a_o box_n or_o other_o convenient_a frame_n the_o circumference_n of_o who_o upper_a part_n may_v be_v at_o pleasure_n divide_v into_o degree_n or_o other_o partition_n upon_o which_o the_o index_n may_v move_v to_o and_o fro_o for_o the_o instrument_n be_v thus_o make_v when_o the_o air_n grow_v moist_a the_o vapour_n insinuate_v themselves_o into_o the_o pore_n of_o the_o filament_n that_o compose_v the_o string_n do_v somewhat_o shorten_v it_o and_o thereby_o those_o filament_n be_v alter_v in_o point_n of_o contortion_n the_o index_n that_o be_v fasten_v to_o they_o turn_v one_o way_n and_o upon_o the_o recess_n of_o those_o vapour_n or_o of_o other_o of_o like_a nature_n the_o string_n come_v to_o be_v wreathe_v and_o consequent_o the_o index_n to_o be_v move_v another_o way_n so_o that_o in_o a_o string_n of_o about_o three_o inch_n long_o the_o point_n of_o the_o index_n will_v be_v oftentimes_o make_v to_o change_v its_o place_n very_o notable_o by_o such_o a_o mutation_n of_o the_o air_n as_o to_o dryness_n and_o moisture_n as_o be_v to_o be_v meet_v with_o in_o the_o morning_n and_o at_o noon_n of_o the_o same_o day_n though_o such_o a_o change_n do_v not_o always_o need_v either_o rain_n cloud_n or_o mist_n or_o the_o absence_n of_o they_o to_o make_v it_o notable_a we_o take_v then_o one_o of_o these_o hygroscope_n and_o convey_v it_o into_o a_o small_a receiver_n that_o the_o removal_n of_o the_o iii_o air_n be_v sudden_a the_o change_n of_o temperature_n if_o any_o shall_v happen_v in_o the_o exhaust_a cavity_n may_v be_v the_o more_o sudden_a and_o conspicuous_a but_o we_o find_v not_o that_o the_o empty_n of_o the_o receiver_n make_v the_o index_n sensible_o change_v place_n and_o though_o this_o experiment_n be_v careful_o make_v yet_o for_o the_o great_a security_n we_o repeat_v it_o once_o more_o and_o neither_o then_o perceive_v the_o index_n to_o remove_v we_o keep_v the_o receiver_n exhaust_v for_o a_o pretty_a while_n lest_o there_o shall_v be_v some_o more_o time_n requisite_a to_o the_o operation_n of_o the_o medium_fw-la upon_o the_o instrument_n but_o neither_o do_v this_o trial_n produce_v any_o sensible_a alteration_n of_o the_o index_n but_o after_o the_o key_n be_v turn_v and_o access_n be_v thereby_o give_v to_o the_o exclude_v air_n though_o the_o cover_n be_v still_o keep_v on_o we_o find_v that_o then_o within_o some_o hour_n the_o index_n be_v considerable_o remove_v so_o that_o as_o far_o as_o these_o experiment_n inform_v we_o the_o ether_n or_o subtle_a matter_n that_o succeed_v in_o the_o place_n desert_v by_o the_o air_n if_o that_o place_n be_v not_o leave_v void_a and_o consequent_o the_o thin_a and_o more_o fluid_a part_n of_o the_o atmosphere_n in_o which_o the_o corpuscle_n that_o may_v be_v more_o proper_o call_v aerial_a swim_v seem_v in_o its_o own_o nature_n to_o be_v very_o sensible_o neither_o cold_a or_o hot_a or_o dry_a or_o moist_a i_o say_v as_o far_o as_o these_o experiment_n i_o mean_v those_o we_o make_v in_o this_o engine_n with_o the_o thermoscope_n and_o hygroscope_n inform_v we_o because_o this_o conjecture_n for_o i_o dare_v yet_o call_v it_o no_o more_o may_v be_v examine_v divers_a other_o way_n who_o event_n may_v either_o confirm_v or_o oppose_v or_o limit_v it_o in_o the_o mean_a time_n i_o can_v wish_v that_o if_o your_o lordship_n have_v one_o of_o kircher_n hygroscope_n at_o hand_n you_o will_v frequent_o and_o careful_o try_v the_o last-recited_n experiment_n with_o it_o because_o i_o have_v find_v that_o if_o such_o a_o hygroscope_n be_v very_o well_o make_v it_o be_v admirable_a as_o well_o as_o pleasant_a to_o see_v how_o small_a a_o mutation_n of_o the_o neighbour_a air_n it_o will_v take_v notice_n of_o but_o i_o think_v fit_a to_o desire_v to_o have_v it_o frequent_o try_v because_o care_n must_v be_v take_v that_o such_o motion_n of_o the_o index_n be_v not_o mistake_v for_o the_o effect_n of_o the_o alter_a temper_n of_o the_o medium_fw-la in_o the_o receiver_n which_o may_v in_o some_o case_n proceed_v from_o those_o steam_n of_o the_o oil_n and_o water_n which_o we_o elsewhere_o mention_v that_o we_o now_o and_o then_o though_o but_o seldom_o observe_v to_o get_v out_o of_o the_o cylinder_n into_o the_o receiver_n and_o play_v up_o and_o down_o there_o title_n ix_o of_o cloud_n mist_n and_o fog_n hear_v that_o a_o excellent_a astronomer_n of_o my_o acquaintance_n have_v often_o measure_v the_o height_n of_o cloud_n i_o inquire_v of_o he_o what_o height_n he_o observe_v they_o to_o have_v and_o be_v answer_v that_o though_o he_o have_v measure_v eighteen_o or_o twenty_o even_o of_o white_a cloud_n in_o fair_a wether_n yet_o he_o observe_v scarce_o any_o one_o to_o be_v high_a than_o three_o quarter_n of_o a_o mile_n and_o few_o of_o they_o he_o find_v to_o exceed_v half_o a_o mile_n a_o mist_n come_v drive_v upon_o the_o sea_n towards_o the_o shoar_n though_o without_o any_o sensible_a wind_n will_v raise_v a_o great_a swell_n of_o a_o sea_n than_o a_o brisk_a wind_n will_v do_v n._n i_o have_v observe_v in_o a_o ground_n near_o my_o house_n which_o be_v somewhat_o moist_a in_o winter_n as_o also_o in_o other_o place_n especial_o after_o a_o warm_a day_n and_o against_o fair_a wether_n in_o autumn_n a_o moist_a bluish_a mist_n to_o ascend_v about_o twenty_o or_o thirty_o foot_n high_a and_o then_o to_o subside_o again_o in_o dew_n mr._n j._n t._n title_n x._o of_o terrestrial_a steam_n in_o the_o air._n inquire_v of_o a_o ingenious_a acquaintance_n of_o i_o who_o in_o a_o enclose_a scope_n of_o ground_n have_v several_a vein_n of_o differ_v metal_n and_o mineral_n whether_o he_o do_v not_o see_v and_o sometime_o smell_v steam_n ascend_v out_o of_o this_o or_o that_o spot_n of_o his_o ground_n in_o circumstance_n where_o their_o ascension_n can_v not_o be_v impute_v to_o the_o action_n of_o the_o sun_n he_o and_o his_o son_n who_o be_v also_o a_o virtuoso_fw-la tell_v i_o that_o they_o have_v divers_a time_n see_v as_o it_o be_v pillar_n of_o fume_n ascend_v like_o smoak_n whereof_o some_o will_v be_v inodorous_a some_o ill-scented_n and_o some_o though_o but_o seldom_o well-scented_n and_o you_o may_v have_v observe_v as_o well_o as_o i_o that_o fog_n some_o of_o which_o i_o have_v know_v to_o be_v very_o last_a and_o to_o have_v a_o large_a spread_v do_v require_v no_o tender_a nostril_n to_o perceive_v they_o to_o stink_v i_o have_v frequent_o observe_v the_o smoke_a steam_n that_o arise_v out_o of_o the_o shaft_n of_o mine_n not_o wrought_v in_o and_o it_o be_v certain_a the_o charcoal_n make_v in_o cornwall_n especial_o of_o that_o wood_n that_o grow_v in_o the_o mineral_n part_v thereof_o do_v afford_v a_o manifest_a arsenical_a and_o sulphureous_a smell_n beyond_o other_o charcoal_n n._n tell_v est_fw-fr par_fw-fr exemple_n ce_fw-fr nuage_n horrible_a d'une_fw-fr fumée_fw-fr 1685._o epaisse_fw-fr qui_fw-fr s'eleva_fw-it de_fw-fr la_fw-fr mer_fw-fr de_fw-fr crete_n au_fw-fr commencement_n de_fw-fr l'este_fw-fr de_fw-fr l'an_n 721._o et_fw-la qui_fw-la s'etant_fw-la repandu_fw-fr dans_fw-fr l'air_fw-fr le_fw-fr fit_a paroistre_fw-fr tout_fw-fr en_fw-fr feu_fw-fr la_fw-fr mer_fw-fr n'en_fw-fr fut_fw-fr pas_fw-fr mesme_fw-fr exempte_n car_fw-fr les_fw-fr gross_v mass_n de_fw-la pierres_fw-la enflammées_fw-fr qu'on_n en_fw-fr vit_fw-fr sortier_n et_fw-la qui_fw-la se_fw-la joignirent_fw-la a_o l'isle_n qu'_fw-fr on_o nomme_n hiera_n échauferent_a si_fw-fr fort_fw-fr les_fw-fr eau_fw-fr qu'elles_fw-fr en_fw-fr bruloient_fw-fr les_fw-fr mains_fw-fr title_n xi_o of_o salt_n in_o the_o air._n it_o be_v sufficient_o know_v that_o the_o peripatetic_a school_n teach_v the_o air_n to_o be_v a_o element_n warm_a and_o moist_a and_o if_o it_o be_v a_o element_n it_o ought_v according_a to_o their_o principle_n and_o those_o of_o the_o great_a part_n of_o other_o naturalist_n to_o be_v a_o simple_a and_o homogeneous_a body_n but_o because_o such_o a_o elementary_a or_o uniform_a purity_n be_v much_o easy_a to_o be_v find_v in_o the_o write_n of_o schoolman_n than_o among_o the_o work_n of_o nature_n many_o of_o the_o modern_a philosopher_n have_v just_o forsake_v this_o doctrine_n of_o the_o elementary_a simplicity_n of_o the_o air_n in_o some_o measure_n but_o perhaps_o very_a few_o of_o they_o if_o any_o have_v assert_v the_o air_n to_o be_v so_o exceed_o compound_v a_o body_n as_o in_o my_o opinion_n it_o real_o be_v for_o
not_o twenty_o he_o add_v that_o usual_o when_o the_o wind_n blow_v from_o those_o great_a mass_n of_o congeal_a water_n it_o bring_v along_o with_o it_o a_o foggy_a air_n which_o he_o suppose_v to_o come_v as_o well_o as_o the_o cold_a from_o the_o ice_n the_o same_o gentleman_n answer_v i_o that_o in_o that_o part_n of_o hudsons-bay_n wherein_o he_o winter_v the_o river_n begin_v to_o freeze_v about_o the_o latter_a end_n of_o october_n or_o beginning_n of_o november_n and_o usual_o be_v not_o free_a from_o ice_n till_o about_o the_o middle_n or_o latter_a end_n of_o may_n though_o he_o divers_a time_n take_v the_o latitude_n of_o charleton_n island_n the_o place_n most_o frequent_v by_o the_o english_a and_o seat_v at_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o bay_n and_o find_v it_o to_o be_v near_o the_o same_o with_o that_o of_o london_n and_o at_o most_o but_o about_o 52_o degree_n when_o i_o inquire_v about_o the_o depth_n of_o the_o ice_n in_o the_o river_n he_o answer_v that_o they_o have_v often_o occasion_n to_o observe_v it_o for_o in_o the_o winter_n they_o make_v their_o well_n there_o not_o in_o the_o ground_n and_o be_v oblige_v to_o dig_v about_o six_o foot_n deep_a in_o the_o ice_n before_o they_o can_v come_v at_o unfrozen_a water_n he_o answer_v i_o that_o when_o they_o send_v their_o man_n up_o into_o the_o country_n their_o bottle_n of_o brandy_n will_v oftentimes_o so_o freeze_v that_o about_o a_o four_o part_n of_o it_o will_v be_v turn_v into_o ice_n and_o when_o i_o ask_v whether_o the_o unfrozen_a part_n of_o the_o liquor_n be_v not_o exceed_v strong_a he_o answer_v i_o that_o it_o be_v and_o sometime_o so_o much_o so_o as_o to_o be_v too_o fiery_a and_o unpleasant_a to_o the_o taste_n he_o answer_v i_o that_o he_o always_o find_v the_o ice_n fresh_a that_o float_v upon_o the_o sea-water_n and_o that_o when_o they_o want_v fresh_a water_n or_o have_v a_o mind_n to_o spare_v what_o they_o have_v aboard_o they_o often_o supply_v themselves_o out_o of_o the_o cavity_n of_o great_a float_a mass_n of_o ice_n in_o which_o hollow_a place_n the_o sunbeam_n thaw_v some_o part_n of_o the_o ice_n they_o frequent_o find_v store_n of_o liquor_n that_o be_v produce_v by_o the_o action_n of_o the_o sunbeam_n upon_o the_o superior_a part_n of_o the_o ice_n whence_o the_o water_n run_v into_o these_o cavity_n he_o add_v that_o when_o the_o seaman_n be_v in_o haste_n they_o use_v to_o relieve_v themselves_o by_o cut_v or_o break_v off_o piece_n of_o the_o float_a ice_n and_o present_o melt_v it_o in_o their_o pot_n a_o learned_a traveller_n that_o make_v some_o considerable_a stay_n among_o the_o high_a pyrenean_n mountain_n answer_v i_o among_o other_o notable_a thing_n about_o which_o i_o make_v inquiry_n that_o he_o have_v several_a time_n observe_v at_o the_o top_n of_o one_o or_o other_o of_o those_o tall_a hill_n that_o the_o air_n will_v be_v very_o hot_a and_o that_o yet_o the_o same_o day_n and_o perhaps_o within_o very_a few_o hour_n the_o place_n will_v be_v cover_v with_o snow_n though_o it_o be_v then_o summertime_n doctor_n n._n answer_v i_o that_o the_o wind_n he_o feel_v at_o morocco_n be_v so_o very_o hot_a that_o they_o be_v ready_a to_o stifle_v he_o seem_v to_o he_o like_o the_o steam_n and_o smoak_n come_v out_o of_o the_o mouth_n of_o a_o oven_n the_o russian_a emperor_n physician_n confirm_v to_o i_o that_o at_o archangel_n where_o he_o be_v more_o than_o once_o they_o aver_v to_o he_o that_o in_o wintertime_n a_o northerly_a wind_n which_o come_v from_o the_o sea_n produce_v a_o kind_n of_o thaw_v so_o as_o to_o make_v the_o eve_n drop_n though_o a_o north-east_n wind_v rather_o confirm_v the_o frost_n but_o on_o the_o contrary_a a_o southerly_a wind_n blow_v over_o a_o thousand_o or_o a_o hundred_o mile_n of_o freeze_a land_n do_v rather_o increase_v the_o frost_n than_o bring_v the_o thaw_v a_o very_a inquisitive_a person_n that_o visit_v the_o lofty_a pyrenean_n mountain_n answer_v i_o that_o he_o and_o his_o company_n have_v more_o than_o once_o observe_v from_o the_o top_n or_o high_a part_n of_o one_o of_o those_o hill_n that_o though_o it_o be_v fair_a wether_n there_o yet_o a_o great_a way_n beneath_o they_o the_o hill_n be_v surround_v with_o thick_a cloud_n which_o produce_v storm_n of_o rain_n on_o the_o low_a ground_n and_o that_o which_o be_v the_o chief_a point_n i_o inquire_v after_o they_o can_v manifest_o see_v that_o out_o of_o those_o cloud_n when_o it_o thunder_v lightning_n flash_v upward_o as_o well_o as_o they_o be_v general_o observe_v to_o do_v it_o downward_o october_n 19_o doctor_n stubbs_n assure_v i_o that_o have_v at_o jamaica_n take_v a_o bolt-head_n about_o two_o foot_n and_o a_o half_a in_o length_n he_o usual_o find_v that_o betwixt_o 7_o and_o 8_o in_o the_o morning_n which_o they_o there_o call_v the_o faint_a time_n of_o the_o day_n because_o for_o want_n of_o the_o daily_a breeze_n the_o excessive_a heat_n make_v they_o to_o faint_v away_o the_o water_n be_v wont_a to_o rise_v in_o the_o neck_n but_o a_o quarter_n of_o a_o inch_n and_o a_o half_a though_o at_o that_o time_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o wind_n man_n find_v the_o heat_n very_o supportable_a and_o after_o noon_n be_v past_a the_o water_n will_v subside_o by_o degree_n till_o towards_o the_o abovementioned_a time_n the_o next_o morning_n this_o happen_v in_o a_o south_n window_n where_o the_o fresh_a wind_n come_v full_o and_o free_o in_o to_o beat_v upon_o the_o bolt-head_n without_o any_o glass_n to_o screen_n the_o vessel_n from_o the_o wind._n he_o add_v that_o though_o the_o bolt-head_n be_v not_o stop_v yet_o the_o water_n do_v not_o even_o in_o that_o hot_a country_n decrease_v sensible_o in_o eight_o or_o ten_o month_n a_o heedful_a person_n that_o frequent_v the_o coast_n of_o sumatra_n in_o the_o south-sea_n answer_v i_o that_o he_o never_o observe_v ice_n or_o frost_n or_o snow_n in_o that_o great_a island_n but_o that_o he_o have_v know_v hail_n fall_v even_o in_o that_o torrid_a climate_n though_o the_o famous_a island_n of_o ceylon_n lie_v almost_o in_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o torrid_a zone_n namely_o between_o the_o 6_o and_o 10_o degree_n of_o northern_a latitude_n yet_o a_o observe_a man_n that_o live_v many_o year_n upon_o it_o tell_v i_o that_o in_o hill_n not_o so_o high_a but_o that_o we_o may_v easy_o ascend_v to_o the_o top_n in_o half_a a_o hour_n the_o inequality_n of_o the_o air_n be_v temperature_n as_o to_o heat_n and_o cold_a be_v very_o great_a for_o he_o have_v divers_a time_n observe_v in_o himself_o and_o other_o that_o though_o at_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o hill_n the_o heat_n be_v so_o great_a as_o to_o oblige_v they_o to_o go_v almost_o stark_o naked_a yet_o when_o they_o ascend_v the_o hill_n they_o find_v the_o air_n quite_o alter_v and_o as_o they_o go_v up_o high_a and_o high_o the_o cold_a increase_v upon_o they_o so_o that_o notwithstanding_o the_o heat_n so_o uneasy_a a_o motion_n as_o climb_v have_v give_v they_o the_o coldness_n of_o the_o air_n oblige_v they_o to_o put_v on_o unusual_o warm_a clothes_n and_o at_o the_o top_n of_o the_o hill_n they_o will_v for_o all_o that_o be_v ready_a to_o quake_v for_o cold._n captain_n knox_n answer_v i_o that_o in_o 18_o year_n that_o he_o spend_v in_o the_o inland_n of_o ceylon_n he_o never_o observe_v any_o ice_n or_o snow_n nor_o any_o more_o than_o a_o little_a kind_n of_o meteor_n that_o be_v between_o dew_n and_o hoar_a frost_n which_o sometime_o in_o winter-morning_n appear_v very_o odd_o but_o quick_o vanish_v and_o when_o i_o ask_v if_o he_o have_v not_o see_v hail_v itself_o he_o answer_v that_o he_o never_o see_v it_o but_o once_o but_o the_o inhabitant_n look_v upon_o it_o as_o a_o wonderful_a thing_n unseen_a by_o they_o before_o that_o the_o hail_n be_v as_o large_a as_o a_o black_a cherry_n but_o not_o very_o round_o and_o seem_v to_o have_v the_o corner_n melt_v which_o make_v he_o think_v it_o have_v be_v form_v high_a in_o the_o air_n that_o for_o fear_n of_o mistake_v he_o not_o only_o gather_v some_o of_o it_o but_o champ_v it_o between_o his_o tooth_n and_o find_v it_o cold_a and_o hard_o like_o our_o european_a hail_n and_o that_o he_o be_v fain_o to_o be_v nimble_a in_o make_v his_o trial_n because_o when_o the_o hail_n come_v to_o touch_v the_o ground_n it_o will_v melt_v away_o much_o more_o sudden_o than_o one_o will_v have_v expect_v gregory_n be_v ask_v upon_o a_o very_a sultry_a day_n whether_o it_o be_v not_o very_o hot_a in_o germany_n make_v answer_n to_o day_n have_v be_v something_o hot_a such_o be_v the_o winter_n in_o suaquena_n ludolf_n hist_o of_o ethiop_n l._n 1._o
and_o forthwith_o lay_v it_o to_o iron_n when_o it_o freeze_v hard_a by_o its_o immediate_a adhesion_n even_o in_o the_o moment_n of_o touch_v it_o will_v make_v some_o way_n for_o the_o affirmative_a that_o same_o month_n return_v back_o from_o warsaw_n i_o see_v upon_o my_o journey_n the_o sun_n rise_v with_o a_o large_a pillar_n colour_v like_o a_o rainbow_n perpendicular_a over_o it_o out_o of_o a_o clear_a horizon_n and_o i_o remember_v mounseur_fw-fr hevelius_n tell_v i_o he_o observe_v it_o once_o set_v with_o the_o like_a n._n in_o cornwall_n they_o observe_v in_o their_o drive_a home_n level_n or_o sink_n the_o water_n do_v also_o manifest_o partake_v of_o the_o mineral_n for_o in_o some_o mine_n they_o be_v sanative_n where_o iron_n be_v observe_v and_o in_o other_o apt_a to_o cause_n wound_v to_o fester_v and_o rankle_v as_o the_o first_o be_v most_o manifest_a at_o karne_a key_n the_o latter_a at_o relistian_a both_o famous_a tinworks_a ask_v of_o a_o chemist_n that_o travel_v with_o a_o famous_a virtuoso_fw-la of_o my_o acquaintance_n over_o part_n of_o the_o alps_n that_o be_v say_v to_o be_v much_o subject_n to_o thunder_n divers_a question_n about_o thunder_n i_o have_v among_o other_o answer_n this_o that_o he_o and_o my_o friend_n be_v together_o at_o the_o top_n of_o a_o fork_a mountain_n between_o who_o part_n there_o lie_v a_o valley_n that_o seem_v almost_o cover_v with_o a_o thick_a cloud_n and_o though_o the_o wether_n be_v clear_a at_o both_o the_o top_n he_o observe_v that_o the_o subjacent_a cloud_n be_v big_a with_o thunder_n the_o lightning_n appear_v quite_o through_o it_o and_o seem_v to_o lie_v deep_a in_o it_o so_o that_o cast_v his_o eye_n down_o upon_o the_o cloud_n he_o fancy_v that_o what_o he_o see_v be_v to_o use_v his_o own_o comparison_n as_o if_o a_o shine_a fish_n be_v move_v to_o and_o fro_o very_o swift_o in_o a_o somewhat_o trouble_a water_n if_o i_o have_v seasonable_o have_v the_o relation_n i_o have_v inquire_v of_o my_o friend_n about_o it_o but_o i_o be_v the_o more_o incline_v to_o believe_v it_o because_o i_o remember_v that_o pass_v over_o a_o part_n of_o the_o alps_n less_o high_a than_o that_o where_o the_o recite_v observation_n be_v make_v though_o it_o be_v very_o fair_a wether_n and_o a_o clear_a sky_n at_o the_o top_n of_o the_o mountain_n where_o we_o be_v yet_o a_o great_a way_n beneath_o we_o we_o see_v dark_a cloud_n through_o part_n of_o which_o we_o afterward_o in_o our_o descent_n be_v oblige_v to_o pass_v though_o then_o whether_o part_n of_o the_o matter_n have_v be_v in_o the_o mean_a while_n discuss_v i_o examine_v not_o it_o seem_v to_o we_o little_a different_a from_o a_o thick_a fog_n which_o when_o we_o have_v pass_v through_o we_o find_v the_o wether_n fair_a and_o clear_a enough_o to_o the_o foot_n of_o the_o mountain_n meet_v with_o a_o inquisitive_a nobleman_n that_o live_v long_o at_o naples_n i_o ask_v he_o whether_o he_o have_v ever_o see_v any_o of_o those_o famous_a apparition_n that_o be_v say_v sometime_o to_o show_v themselves_o in_o or_o near_o the_o sicilian_a strait_n and_o be_v know_v by_o the_o name_n if_o i_o mistake_v not_o of_o morgane_n to_o this_o he_o answer_v i_o that_o during_o the_o springtime_n he_o have_v once_o the_o curiosity_n to_o try_v whether_o this_o tradition_n have_v so_o much_o ground_n as_o be_v common_o believe_v and_o that_o according_o on_o several_a fair_a morning_n he_o rise_v before_o the_o sun_n and_o look_v solicitous_o along_o the_o coast_n without_o see_v any_o thing_n that_o answer_v his_o expectation_n but_o not_o be_v discourage_v by_o these_o disappointment_n he_o one_o morning_n perceive_v as_o he_o think_v two_o steeple_n in_o a_o neighbour_a town_n where_o he_o know_v there_o be_v but_o one_o which_o phaenomenon_n invite_v he_o to_o continue_v his_o curiosity_n he_o choose_v the_o first_o fair_a and_o cloudless_a morning_n to_o rise_v early_o on_o and_o cast_v his_o eye_n towards_o the_o late_o mention_v town_n and_o the_o coast_n it_o be_v not_o remote_a from_o he_o be_v surprise_v with_o a_o delightful_a prospect_n of_o a_o new_a town_n beyond_o the_o other_o and_o incomparable_o great_a than_o it_o and_o furnish_v as_o it_o seem_v to_o he_o and_o a_o doctor_n of_o physic_n that_o accompany_v he_o with_o wall_n and_o tower_n and_o steeple_n and_o house_n and_o other_o thing_n that_o be_v delightful_a as_o well_o as_o wonderful_a to_o behold_v but_o he_o answer_v i_o that_o the_o colour_n be_v not_o near_o so_o lively_a as_o the_o figure_n be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n somewhat_o dim_a though_o adorn_v here_o and_o there_o with_o some_o redness_n but_o this_o odd_a spectacle_n as_o it_o be_v not_o invariable_a during_o the_o whole_a time_n it_o last_v do_v not_o continue_v very_o long_o for_o when_o the_o sun_n be_v get_v up_o to_o such_o a_o height_n above_o the_o horizon_n as_o make_v his_o beam_n powerful_a they_o quick_o confound_v all_o these_o airy_a structure_n in_o a_o kind_n of_o chaos_n and_o make_v the_o fantastic_a city_n vanish_v moist_a vapour_n be_v not_o the_o only_a cause_n or_o sign_n of_o the_o opacity_n of_o the_o air_n since_o that_o dry_a blighting_a east_n wind_n which_o from_o the_o effect_n country_n people_n call_v a_o red_a wind_n make_v the_o air_n at_o a_o distance_n seem_v bluish_a and_o thick_a this_o be_v the_o wind_n which_o these_o two_o year_n last_o pass_v have_v be_v so_o pernicious_a to_o apple_n and_o indeed_o to_o all_o sort_n of_o tree_n not_o only_o to_o blast_v the_o fruit_n but_o the_o very_a leave_n of_o such_o tree_n as_o it_o meet_v withal_o just_a in_o the_o tender_a as_o the_o woodman_n call_v it_o i._n e._n when_o they_o be_v new_o expanded_a out_o of_o the_o bud_n mr._n j._n t._n that_o air_n be_v sometime_o more_o clear_a and_o transparent_a and_o sometime_o more_o dark_a and_o as_o it_o be_v muddy_a be_v clog_v and_o opacate_v with_o terrestrial_a steam_n be_v every_o man_n observation_n but_o there_o be_v some_o phaenomena_n that_o depend_v upon_o the_o density_n diaphancity_n etc._n etc._n of_o the_o air_n that_o be_v not_o so_o vulgar_o take_v notice_n of_o for_o beside_o those_o that_o require_v skill_n in_o the_o doctrine_n of_o refraction_n on_o which_o therefore_o i_o shall_v not_o now_o insist_v there_o be_v some_o other_o that_o may_v be_v worth_a your_o notice_n which_o i_o shall_v give_v a_o taste_n of_o consider_v the_o differ_a account_n that_o be_v give_v by_o good_a author_n of_o the_o number_n of_o the_o fix_a star_n and_o compare_v they_o with_o some_o observation_n of_o our_o own_o i_o be_v thereby_o and_o upon_o some_o other_o ground_n induce_v to_o suspect_v that_o the_o differ_v and_o unheeded_a constitution_n of_o the_o air_n may_v occasion_v a_o difference_n in_o assign_v the_o number_n of_o the_o star_n which_o make_v i_o inquire_v of_o several_a navigator_n and_o traveller_n some_o into_o the_o torrid_a zone_n and_o other_o into_o the_o frigid_a one_o what_o difference_n they_o find_v in_o contemplate_v the_o star_n in_o those_o climate_n and_o in_o we_o and_o by_o this_o inquiry_n i_o learn_v that_o in_o some_o place_n where_o the_o air_n be_v very_o pure_a celestial_a observation_n may_v be_v more_o happy_o make_v and_o particular_o because_o i_o suppose_v that_o intense_a cold_a by_o precipitate_v the_o darken_n vapour_n out_o of_o the_o air_n may_v probable_o make_v it_o more_o defecate_a and_o clear_a i_o desire_v a_o ingenious_a physician_n that_o travel_v in_o muscovy_n to_o take_v notice_n of_o any_o thing_n that_o shall_v favour_v or_o disfavour_v this_o conjecture_n in_o compliance_n with_o which_o request_n of_o i_o he_o inform_v i_o that_o travel_v one_o night_n in_o a_o sle_z in_o the_o more_o mediterranean_a part_n of_o russia_n the_o wether_n be_v extraordinary_a cold_n he_o be_v invite_v to_o quit_v his_o sle_z a_o little_a to_o consider_v the_o sky_n where_o he_o see_v so_o many_o star_n and_o so_o much_o bright_a than_o he_o have_v ever_o see_v before_o that_o he_o be_v almost_o as_o much_o surprise_v as_o delight_v with_o so_o glorious_a a_o spectacle_n which_o he_o show_v to_o some_o of_o his_o fellow-traveller_n that_o share_v in_o his_o wonder_n and_o this_o bring_v into_o my_o mind_n that_o remember_v that_o the_o ingenious_a capt._n james_n be_v force_v to_o winter_n in_o charlton-island_n which_o though_o but_o of_o the_o latitude_n almost_o of_o cambridg_n be_v but_o little_a if_o at_o all_o less_o cold_a than_o nova_n zembla_n itself_o i_o shall_v probable_o find_v something_o pertinent_a to_o our_o present_a subject_n in_o so_o diligent_a a_o observer_n i_o resort_v to_o his_o voyage_n where_o i_o meet_v with_o these_o notable_a observation_n january_n 30_o and_o 31_o there_o appear_v in_o the_o