good_a for_o it_o will_v burn_v up_o your_o seed_n or_o plant_n this_o dung_n be_v too_o hot_a and_o quick_a for_o the_o seed_n of_o tree_n for_o it_o be_v the_o nature_n of_o pigeon_n to_o eat_v salt_n and_o to_o go_v to_o the_o seaside_n early_o in_o the_o morning_n and_o there_o to_o pick_v up_o salt_n which_o the_o heat_n of_o the_o sun_n make_v by_o dry_v up_o the_o salt_n water_n and_o then_o leave_v the_o salt_n upon_o the_o sand_n now_o this_o fowl_n feed_v so_o much_o upon_o salt_n the_o dung_n of_o it_o be_v hot_a and_o salt_a than_o any_o fowl_n i_o know_v now_o the_o reason_n why_o it_o be_v good_a for_o cold_a land_n and_o withal_o to_o sow_v it_o early_o be_v these_o every_o one_o know_v that_o it_o be_v the_o nature_n of_o salt_n that_o the_o dryer_n and_o hot_a it_o be_v keep_v the_o more_o it_o keep_v its_o own_o body_n and_o do_v not_o turn_v to_o water_n and_o when_o it_o stand_v in_o a_o cold_a and_o moist_a place_n it_o than_o dissolve_v in_o a_o little_a time_n to_o water_n and_o when_o it_o be_v turn_v into_o this_o element_n of_o water_n then_o be_v it_o fit_a for_o the_o nourish_a and_o feed_v of_o seed_n especial_o annual_n for_o they_o be_v always_o prepare_v to_o set_v forward_o in_o their_o journey_n provide_v they_o meet_v but_o with_o suitable_a entertainment_n but_o the_o seed_n of_o most_o forrest-tree_n they_o will_v stay_v the_o time_n that_o their_o and_o our_o great_a god_n have_v allot_v they_o but_o then_o why_o salt_n shall_v be_v a_o feeder_n of_o plant_n or_o seed_n i_o take_v the_o reason_n to_o be_v this_o namely_o salt-water_n yet_o i_o do_v not_o mean_v of_o salt_n in_o a_o great_a quantity_n and_o in_o meet_a place_n that_o will_v turn_v it_o into_o water_n i_o have_v oft_o observe_v that_o salt_n if_o fall_v upon_o a_o board_n or_o other_o place_n it_o will_v be_v long_o a_o dry_n and_o if_o heat_v have_v make_v it_o dry_a than_o dew_n or_o rain_n make_v it_o moist_a again_o than_o it_o steam_v forth_o and_o that_o it_o be_v which_o nourish_v all_o plant_n when_o if_o on_o a_o hot_a and_o dry_a ground_n and_o late_o in_o the_o spring_n if_o dry_a weather_n come_v than_o it_o do_v not_o nor_o can_v yield_v its_o steam_n or_o fume_n as_o paracelsus_n in_o his_o philosophy_n to_o the_o athenian_n lib._n 3._o p._n 57_o say_v every_o body_n or_o tangible_a substance_n be_v nothing_o but_o a_o curdle_a fume_n whence_o say_v he_o we_o may_v conclude_v that_o there_o be_v a_o manifold_a coagulation_n one_o of_o wood_n another_o of_o stone_n a_o three_o of_o metal_n but_o the_o body_n be_v nothing_o but_o fume_v smoke_v out_o of_o the_o matter_n or_o matrix_fw-la in_o which_o it_o be_v so_o that_o which_o grow_v out_o of_o the_o earth_n be_v a_o fume_n rise_v out_o of_o the_o moisture_n of_o mercury_n which_o be_v various_a and_o send_v forth_o several_a fume_n for_o herb_n tree_n etc._n etc._n i_o do_v remember_v when_o i_o be_v a_o boy_n about_o fourteen_o year_n of_o age_n the_o sea_n break_v a_o bank_n into_o a_o marsh_n of_o my_o father_n in_o lincolnshire_n and_o do_v overflow_v that_o marsh_n and_o some_o other_o with_o salt_n sea-water_n the_o next_o summer_n prove_v dry_a all_o our_o grass_n be_v clear_o burn_v up_o so_o that_o i_o be_v very_o much_o concern_v for_o some_o particular_a reason_n think_v that_o all_o our_o grass_n have_v be_v quite_o kill_v and_o indeed_o so_o it_o appear_v the_o next_o summer_n prove_v wet_a so_o that_o towards_o the_o latter_a end_n we_o have_v some_o grass_n again_o and_o the_o three_o summer_n we_o have_v grass_n enough_o but_o the_o four_o and_o many_o after_o in_o abundance_n so_o that_o it_o appear_v the_o ground_n be_v stupefy_v with_o too_o much_o kindness_n at_o first_o but_o after_o the_o rain_n have_v allay_v the_o too_o much_o strength_n of_o the_o salt_n water_n than_o the_o grass_n can_v well_o digest_v the_o gentle_a fume_v i_o will_v have_v those_o that_o lay_v salt_n on_o their_o gravel-walks_a to_o kill_v their_o weed_n observe_v if_o in_o a_o few_o year_n more_o they_o do_v not_o produce_v more_o weed_n than_o some_o other_o that_o have_v not_o salt_n lay_v on_o they_o at_o all_o sea-sand_n be_v a_o very_a good_a compost_n for_o ground_n especial_o for_o stiff_a ground_n for_o there_o it_o do_v the_o too_o main_a part_n to_o plant_n or_o any_o seed_n or_o tree_n that_o be_v it_o make_v way_n for_o the_o tree_n or_o seed_n to_o root_v in_o stiff_a ground_n and_o make_v a_o fume_v to_o feed_v it_o but_o this_o be_v too_o nimble_a for_o the_o seed_n of_o tree_n unless_o a_o very_a little_a observe_v the_o reason_n before_o mault-dust_n be_v a_o most_o excellent_a compost_n in_o a_o small_a quantity_n for_o many_o sort_n of_o annual_a seed_n as_o i_o have_v oft_o try_v with_o good_a success_n but_o the_o reason_n be_v still_o the_o same_o for_o this_o be_v a_o small_a part_n of_o the_o root_n of_o the_o barley_n and_o be_v very_o dry_a drink_v in_o the_o element_n of_o water_n which_o be_v the_o principal_a and_o first_o matter_n of_o all_o thing_n as_o a_o learned_a author_n have_v it_o in_o the_o genealogy_n of_o mineral_n p._n 44_o so_o wonderful_o have_v god_n create_v water_n the_o first_o matter_n of_o nature_n which_o though_o it_o be_v so_o tender_a and_o feeble_a a_o substance_n yet_o from_o thence_o be_v create_v the_o most_o solid_a and_o durable_a fruit_n that_o be_v from_o the_o fume_n of_o a_o oily_a earthy_a water_n be_v the_o life_n of_o all_o plant_n the_o part_n of_o the_o dust_n be_v thus_o fill_v upon_o the_o sun_n attract_v that_o and_o the_o plant_n the_o root_n embrace_v this_o fume_v this_o little_a root_n it_o have_v not_o life_n to_o grow_v turn_v to_o earth_n and_o its_o grave_n be_v a_o room_n to_o lead_v the_o root_n of_o another_o plant_n in_o it_o will_v give_v good_a entertainment_n to_o its_o own_o kind_a thus_o you_o see_v the_o destruction_n of_o one_o be_v the_o increase_n of_o another_o a_o little_a of_o this_o be_v good_a for_o some_o seed_n of_o forrest-tree_n but_o sow_v it_o not_o too_o thick_a for_o any_o thing_n lest_o it_o mould_n or_o turn_v musty_a note_v that_o the_o place_n which_o be_v best_a for_o the_o root_n to_o be_v in_o when_o the_o tree_n or_o plant_n be_v grow_v be_v the_o place_n that_o bring_v it_o soon_o to_o destruction_n when_o dead_a and_o contrary_a for_o a_o tree_n can_v live_v in_o water_n or_o always_o dry_a and_o those_o preserve_v the_o timber_n long_o when_o the_o tree_n be_v dead_a this_o may_v be_v further_o improve_v by_o ingenuity_n note_v also_o that_o the_o place_n which_o be_v best_a to_o keep_v the_o fruit_n of_o a_o tree_n in_o be_v the_o very_o worst_a for_o a_o tree_n or_o plant_n to_o grow_v in_o and_o contrary_a old_a rag_n of_o woollen_a cloth_n as_o be_v find_v by_o experience_n by_o the_o industrious_a farmer_n cut_v into_o small_a piece_n be_v a_o good_a compost_n for_o their_o ground_n they_o draw_v the_o dew_n and_o rain_n to_o they_o and_o keep_v it_o till_o sol_n presence_n make_v it_o fit_a for_o the_o root_n of_o the_o plant_n i_o judge_v they_o to_o be_v best_a for_o a_o pure_a dry_a soil_n because_o they_o hold_v their_o moisture_n long_o and_o i_o suppose_v it_o be_v a_o soil_n that_o be_v last_v for_o wool_n will_v not_o rot_v with_o wet_a sudden_o a_o little_a of_o this_o for_o the_o tree_n or_o seed_n on_o a_o dry_a ground_n will_v do_v good_a to_o they_o as_o appear_v by_o the_o aforesaid_a reason_n for_o annual_n better_o conny-clippings_a be_v of_o the_o same_o nature_n but_o i_o do_v suppose_v they_o will_v not_o last_v so_o long_o and_o be_v better_o for_o a_o stiff_a ground_n sawdust_n if_o well_o rot_v and_o of_o soft_a wood_n be_v very_o grateful_a to_o the_o tender_a root_n or_o seed_n of_o any_o sort_n it_o be_v good_a for_o dry_a ground_n for_o it_o hold_v water_n and_o make_v way_n for_o the_o root_n of_o tree_n very_o well_o and_o be_v as_o good_a as_o most_o preparer_n be_v rotten-dust_n out_o of_o hollow_a tree_n especial_o those_o of_o soft_a wood_n be_v a_o rich_a leader_n of_o tender_a young_a root_n the_o reason_n be_v show_v before_o soot_n be_v good_a to_o kill_v moss_n for_o its_o heat_n kill_v the_o root_n for_o they_o lie_v on_o the_o top_n of_o the_o earth_n and_o good_a also_o to_o keep_v worm_n from_o do_v harm_n to_o your_o seed_n sea-coal_n ash_n be_v very_o good_a in_o cold_a stiff_a ground_n either_o for_o tree_n or_o any_o other_o plant_n to_o make_v that_o ground_n work_v well_o and_o to_o keep_v it_o hollow_a for_o the_o root_n to_o run_v in_o etc._n etc._n rubbish_n of_o building_n that_o
shoot_v forth_o that_o i_o be_v force_v to_o cut_v off_o some_o of_o their_o head_n that_o be_v the_o side-bough_n to_o keep_v the_o wind_n from_o break_v they_o there_o be_v in_o these_o four_o row_n of_o tree_n 296._o and_o of_o these_o i_o lose_v not_o one_o tree_n the_o first_o year_n but_o they_o do_v grow_v and_o shoot_v so_o well_o that_o there_o be_v several_a noble_a man_n that_o see_v they_o do_v think_v as_o they_o say_v that_o they_o be_v not_o remove_v the_o year_n before_o but_o the_o year_n after_o we_o have_v three_o spoil_v by_o some_o base_a man_n or_o boy_n of_o the_o very_a same_o parcel_n of_o tree_n my_o lord_n give_v sir_n william_n temple_n thirty_o of_o the_o best_a of_o they_o which_o he_o himself_o see_v choose_v out_o they_o be_v set_v at_o sir_n william_n house_n at_o sheen_n a_o much_o better_o nature_a ground_n than_o we_o yet_o they_o lose_v all_o but_o six_o of_o they_o the_o first_o year_n i_o see_v a_o walk_n of_o line-tree_n but_o i_o think_v they_o be_v the_o bastard-kind_n which_o we_o have_v grow_v in_o many_o of_o our_o wood_n in_o england_n set_v at_o debden-hall_n the_o right_a worshipful_a sir_n richard_n brown_n house_n the_o natural_a ground_n be_v not_o bad_a for_o they_o but_o how_o they_o be_v order_v i_o do_v not_o know_v for_o they_o have_v the_o first_o year_n not_o above_o one_o in_o ten_o that_o do_v grow_v any_o thing_n considerable_o i_o see_v the_o like_a or_o worse_o spoil_v of_o the_o same_o tree_n at_o my_o lord_n chief_a baron_n turnor_n near_a startford_n where_o the_o ground_n may_v easy_o have_v be_v make_v very_o good_a for_o they_o i_o only_o write_v this_o to_o persuade_v noble_a man_n and_o other_o that_o be_v lover_n of_o plant_v to_o remember_v the_o old_a say_n viz._n a_o thing_n once_o well_o do_v be_v twice_o do_v and_o those_o that_o be_v resolve_v to_o plant_n that_o they_o make_v their_o ground_n fit_a for_o those_o tree_n before_o they_o set_v they_o and_o not_o bury_v they_o in_o a_o hole_n like_o a_o dead_a dog_n as_o too_o too_o many_o do_v let_v i_o then_o beg_v that_o they_o may_v have_v good_a and_o fresh_a lodging_n suitable_a to_o their_o quality_n and_o good_a attendance_n also_o to_o preserve_v they_o from_o their_o enemy_n till_o they_o be_v able_a to_o encounter_v with_o they_o they_o that_o will_v not_o do_v this_o let_v they_o never_o resolve_v to_o plant_v tree_n for_o why_o shall_v they_o spoil_v the_o least_o of_o those_o stately_a monument_n and_o in_o so_o do_v throw_v away_o their_o money_n for_o let_v such_o note_n that_o nature_n bestow_v not_o her_o gift_n but_o where_o she_o find_v suitable_a convenience_n therefore_o order_v your_o ground_n well_o and_o then_o you_o may_v see_v a_o good_a success_n as_o my_o lord_n have_v have_v in_o several_a of_o his_o plantation_n though_o as_o bad_a ground_n as_o most_o be_v to_o plant_v on_o one_o night_n my_o thought_n walk_v up_o one_o of_o my_o lord_n line-walks_a i_o hear_v the_o grateful_a tree_n thus_o pay_v the_o tribute_n of_o their_o thanks_o to_o his_o lordship_n like_a pyramid_n our_o stately_a top_n we_o will_v raise_v to_o sing_v our_o noble_a benefactor_n be_v praise_n fresh_o we_o will_v to_o after-age_n show_v what_o noble_a essex_n do_v on_o we_o bestow_v for_o we_o our_o very_a be_v owe_v to_o he_o or_o else_o we_o have_v long_o since_o entomb_v be_v in_o crop_n of_o bird_n or_o in_o beast_n belly_n find_v or_o meet_v our_o death_n neglect_v on_o the_o ground_n by_o he_o we_o cherish_v be_v with_o dung_n and_o spade_n for_o which_o we_o will_v recompense_n he_o with_o our_o shade_n and_o since_o his_o kindness_n see_v we_o prune_v so_o well_o we_o will_v requite_v he_o with_o our_o fragrant_a smell_n in_o winter_n as_o in_o gratitude_n be_v meet_v we_o will_v strew_v our_o humble_a leave_n beneath_o his_o foot_n nay_o in_o each_o tree_n root_n trunk_n branch_n all_o will_v be_v proud_a to_o serve_v he_o and_o his_o posterity_n thus_o have_v show_v you_o by_o example_n the_o good_a effect_n of_o a_o light_a brick-earth_n upon_o gravel_n i_o can_v also_o tell_v the_o same_o of_o a_o fat_a sand_n drift-sand_n small_a gravel_n upon_o your_o clay_n or_o stiff_a ground_n but_o i_o hope_v that_o i_o have_v inform_v your_o judgement_n so_o much_o that_o you_o will_v reasonable_o conclude_v with_o i_o that_o the_o prepare_v of_o ground_n for_o tree_n be_v only_o to_o mix_v ground_n so_o together_o that_o there_o may_v be_v convenient_a room_n for_o the_o root_n to_o search_v for_o their_o nourishment_n and_o to_o humour_v the_o tree_n so_o that_o there_o may_v be_v a_o good_a part_n of_o the_o natural_a ground_n which_o each_o tree_n delight_v to_o grow_v in_o i_o know_v that_o if_o your_o ground_n be_v a_o stiff_a clay_n then_o to_o trench_v and_o mix_v it_o with_o fat_a sand_n drift-sand_n lime_n rubbish_n or_o chalk_n and_o lime_n be_v great_a help_n to_o such_o ground_n either_o for_o tree_n or_o corn_n or_o grass_n and_o more_o last_a than_o dung_n and_o for_o forrest-tree_n full_a as_o good_a as_o dung_n for_o it_o do_v not_o only_o give_v leave_n and_o make_v way_n for_o the_o root_n to_o run_v in_o the_o earth_n but_o take_v away_o that_o over-moistness_a in_o the_o cold_a stiff_a ground_n which_o hinder_v conception_n by_o let_v the_o water_n down_o into_o the_o earth_n and_o by_o keep_v it_o from_o crack_v and_o so_o nourish_v the_o spirit_n of_o the_o earth_n and_o also_o keep_v it_o from_o spend_v it_o too_o hasty_o horse-dung_n be_v the_o best_a to_o make_v your_o hot_a bed_n with_o for_o such_o plant_n as_o be_v common_o raise_v of_o they_o be_v annual_a plant_n but_o it_o be_v too_o hasty_a for_o the_o seed_n of_o tree_n unless_o it_o be_v rot_v and_o well_o mix_v with_o natural_a mould_n it_o be_v best_a for_o your_o stiff_a cold_a land_n and_o if_o you_o lay_v it_o upon_o plough_v ground_n which_o it_o be_v best_o for_o then_o plough_v it_o in_o as_o soon_o as_o you_o can_v for_o if_o it_o lie_v there_o to_o dry_v there_o will_v a_o great_a part_n of_o the_o oily_a substance_n which_o make_v the_o fume_n for_o nourishment_n of_o plant_n be_v exhale_v out_o by_o the_o sun_n let_v no_o sort_n of_o dung_n lie_v long_o on_o the_o top_n of_o your_o ground_n unplowedin_fw-fr but_o plough_n or_o dig_v it_o in_o as_o soon_o as_o you_o can_v for_o by_o lie_v so_o it_o do_v not_o only_o lose_v a_o great_a part_n of_o its_o goodness_n by_o the_o sun_n especial_o if_o it_o lie_v thin_a but_o where_o your_o dunghill_n lie_v every_o shower_n will_v wash_v the_o strength_n of_o the_o dung_n into_o the_o ground_n so_o that_o if_o you_o take_v the_o dung_n off_o from_o that_o place_n as_o clean_o as_o you_o can_v yet_o you_o shall_v have_v that_o place_n bear_v rank_a corn_n than_o where_o you_o think_v the_o dung_n have_v lie_v much_o thick_a if_o it_o lie_v long_o in_o a_o place_n the_o observation_n of_o this_o teach_v i_o many_o good_a uses_n as_o first_o to_o lay_v dung_n about_o the_o root_n of_o tree_n be_v much_o better_a than_o stone_n as_o my_o lord_n bacon_n advises_n in_o his_o natural_a history_n for_o this_o keep_v moist_a the_o ground_n better_o than_o they_o and_o rain_n wash_v the_o strength_n to_o the_o root_n as_o be_v aforesaid_a and_o if_o you_o dig_v in_o this_o when_o the_o strength_n be_v go_v and_o your_o tree_n strong_a it_o than_o prepare_v way_n for_o the_o root_n and_o there_o be_v a_o great_a benefit_n to_o your_o tree_n or_o if_o it_o be_v not_o digged-in_a but_o lie_v on_o the_o top_n and_o there_o turn_v to_o earth_n it_o than_o feed_v the_o root_n on_o the_o top_n and_o lead_v they_o upward_o and_o see_v where_o dung_n lie_v the_o ground_n be_v so_o much_o improve_v by_o the_o washing-in_a of_o the_o strength_n of_o the_o dung_n it_o may_v well_o inform_v you_o that_o dung_n steep_v in_o water_n be_v very_o good_a especial_o if_o you_o use_v dung_n in_o quantity_n according_a to_o the_o nature_n of_o your_o plant_n and_o strength_n of_o your_o ground_n the_o weak_a your_o ground_n make_v your_o water_n the_o strong_a there_o be_v in_o some_o place_n in_o farmer_n yard_n a_o water_n that_o wash_v from_o their_o dunghill_n a_o load_n of_o which_o be_v not_o inferior_a to_o a_o load_n of_o dung_n yet_o by_o they_o total_o neglect_v but_o of_o water_n i_o shall_v speak_v more_o in_o the_o next_o chapter_n thus_o have_v hint_v of_o these_o two_o useful_a and_o common_a dung_n cow_n and_o horse_n in_o the_o example_n of_o these_o line-tree_n only_o observe_v this_o and_o then_o i_o shall_v proceed_v horse-dung_n be_v best_a for_o plant_n that_o be_v quick_a of_o digestion_n and_o growth_n
we_o do_v not_o raise_v as_o many_o new_a sort_n of_o fruit_n as_o the_o french_a and_o though_o i_o do_v deviate_v a_o little_a from_o my_o intend_a discourse_n i_o shall_v show_v you_o that_o we_o can_v do_v it_o as_o well_o as_o they_o and_o i_o suppose_v better_o though_o we_o do_v it_o not_o but_o before_o i_o proceed_v to_o give_v you_o further_a judgement_n of_o it_o i_o will_v in_o some_o measure_n answer_v my_o query_n which_o be_v to_o know_v the_o very_a particular_a fruit_n that_o will_v alter_v for_o the_o best_a i_o do_v not_o affirm_v it_o as_o true_a as_o the_o gospel_n but_o only_o conclude_v according_a to_o reason_n first_o it_o be_v know_v by_o experience_n in_o flower_n to_o be_v true_a that_o such_o flower_n as_o differ_v in_o number_n of_o leave_n in_o shape_n in_o colour_n the_o seed_n of_o such_o will_v produce_v flower_n much_o different_a from_o the_o ordinary_a kind_a of_o flower_n though_o produce_v all_o of_o one_o flower_n but_o a_o year_n or_o two_o before_o nay_o a_o particular_a flower_n among_o many_o other_o of_o one_o plant_v shall_v bring_v more_o double_a one_o than_o twenty_o other_o that_o be_v not_o so_o qualify_v as_o it_o this_o be_v apparent_o know_v to_o all_o that_o take_v delight_n in_o raise_v of_o flower_n that_o the_o stock-gilly-flower_n that_o have_v flower_n of_o 5_o 6_o 7_o 8_o or_o 9_o leave_n that_o the_o seed_n of_o such_o a_o particular_a flower_n or_o flower_n will_v produce_v more_o double_a one_o than_o those_o plant_n that_o bring_v forth_o but_o four_o leaf_n quantity_n for_o quantity_n of_o seed_n twenty_o for_o one_o you_o may_v know_v these_o flower_n before_o they_o blow_v out_o in_o the_o bud_n i_o confess_v this_o flower_n do_v show_v this_o by_o its_o leave_n more_o than_o any_o other_o i_o know_v for_o this_o flower_n have_v no_o thrum_n in_o the_o middle_n as_o the_o most_o of_o flower_n have_v nature_n have_v give_v it_o this_o sign_n to_o inform_v man_n that_o those_o that_o have_v a_o leaf_n or_o leave_v add_v to_o they_o more_o than_o their_o usual_a kind_n will_v bring_v forth_o those_o with_o many_o leave_n and_o make_v a_o fine_a double_a flower_n which_o when_o it_o have_v attain_v to_o it_o than_o be_v come_v to_o the_o bound_n of_o nature_n which_o the_o almighty_a have_v allot_v it_o say_v thus_o far_o shall_v thou_o go_v and_o no_o further_o for_o when_o it_o be_v thus_o a_o double_a flower_n it_o never_o bear_v seed_n more_o but_o by_o endeavour_v blow_n itself_o to_o death_n if_o you_o be_v curious_a you_o may_v observe_v the_o same_o rule_n in_o several_a other_o flower_n that_o have_v no_o thrum_n in_o the_o middle_n as_o auriculoes_n primrose_n wall-flower_n campian_n and_o several_a other_o and_o when_o you_o find_v on_o leaf_n or_o leave_v more_o than_o the_o ordinary_a number_n you_o may_v conclude_v there_o nature_n have_v set_v one_o step_n forward_o in_o alter_v from_o the_o ordinary_a kind_a therefore_o if_o you_o be_v a_o lover_n of_o plant_n or_o a_o servant_n of_o nature_n be_v diligent_a and_o whensoever_o you_o see_v your_o mistress_n step_v out_o of_o door_n then_o do_v you_o wait_v upon_o she_o to_o her_o journey_n end_v for_o it_o be_v on_o the_o diligent_a she_o bestow_v her_o favour_n also_o those_o flower_n which_o bear_v seed_n when_o double_a as_o the_o gillyflower_n african_a etc._n etc._n sow_v the_o seed_n of_o such_o double_a flower_n they_o will_v bring_v you_o more_o and_o better_a flower_n a_o hundred_o for_o one_o than_o single_a one_o and_o in_o sow_v the_o seed_n of_o such_o you_o shall_v have_v several_a variety_n but_o most_o mark_v with_o the_o colour_n the_o mother-plant_a be_v of_o and_o some_o of_o these_o will_n as_o it_o be_v run_v beyond_o the_o limit_n of_o nature_n and_o then_o they_o will_v break_v or_o have_v pod_n in_o the_o middle_n and_o then_o never_o bear_v seed_n more_o gillyflower_n have_v their_o sign_n which_o will_v bear_v seed_n and_o which_o not_o those_o that_o will_v bring_v seed_n if_o wether_n or_o other_o accident_n hinder_v not_o have_v their_o horn_n in_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o flower_n it_o be_v also_o observe_v in_o the_o mark_v of_o flower_n that_o the_o seed_n of_o those_o that_o be_v stripe_v shall_v bring_v the_o most_o stripe_a one_o and_o some_o of_o different_a colour_n and_o stripe_n their_o seed_n all_o alike_o but_o it_o may_v be_v answer_v that_o this_o may_v be_v true_a in_o flower_n for_o none_o can_v deny_v it_o but_o that_o such_o flower_n will_v alter_v and_o bring_v forth_o such_o flower_n as_o aforesaid_a but_o can_v the_o alter_n of_o the_o fruit_n be_v know_v by_o the_o flower_n to_o this_o i_o answer_v that_o you_o have_v not_o only_o the_o leave_n of_o the_o flower_n but_o the_o thrum_n and_o the_o fruit_n itself_o to_o inform_v you_o which_o will_v alter_v therefore_o by_o the_o shape_n colour_n or_o thrum_v in_o the_o flower_n you_o may_v know_v which_o fruit_n will_v alter_v and_o it_o be_v possible_a which_o will_v alter_v for_o the_o best_a for_o it_o be_v common_o know_v that_o fruit_n will_v alter_v from_o the_o fruit_n they_o come_v of_o by_o sow_v the_o nut_n kernel_n or_o seed_n now_o when_o you_o have_v make_v choice_n of_o your_o seed_n stone_n nut_n raise_v they_o as_o be_v direct_v in_o each_o chapter_n of_o the_o kind_a in_o good_a fresh_a ground_n and_o by_o midsummer_n that_o year_n they_o will_v have_v shoot_v so_o strong_a that_o you_o may_v take_v off_o bud_n of_o some_o sort_n and_o of_o all_o sort_n the_o next_o year_n have_v in_o readiness_n some_o fine_a thrive_a stock_n against_o some_o good_a wall_n for_o that_o will_v make_v the_o fruit_n set_v the_o soon_o when_o it_o come_v to_o blow_v at_o a_o fit_a season_n bud_v these_o stock_n if_o pear_n on_o quince-stock_n if_o peach_n nectron_n or_o plumb_n on_o some_o large_a white_a plumb-stock_n etc._n etc._n if_o they_o be_v apple_n or_o walnut_n they_o may_v be_v from_o the_o wall_n bud_v your_o apple_n or_o codlins_n or_o apple_n of_o paradise_n which_o be_v a_o sort_n of_o dwarf-sweeting_n and_o will_v grow_v of_o cut_n if_o walnut_n on_o a_o fine_a young_a walnut-tree_n bud_v it_o five_o or_o six_o foot_n high_a this_o do_v not_o only_o alter_v the_o property_n of_o the_o wild_a kind_a but_o it_o make_v the_o tree_n more_o natural_o bear_v fruit_n much_o soon_o and_o better_o if_o well_o order_v your_o pear_n plumb_n and_o peach_n will_v bear_v in_o three_o or_o four_o year_n after_o your_o apple_n and_o walnut_n in_o five_o or_o six_o year_n after_o i_o know_v my_o lord_n bacon_n tell_v you_o that_o peach_n come_v best_a of_o stone_n unbud_v but_o i_o advise_v you_o to_o bud_v all_o you_o raise_v of_o stone_n seed_n etc._n etc._n though_o it_o be_v to_o take_v a_o bud_n off_o from_o the_o same_o stock_n and_o to_o bud_v it_o on_o that_o as_o i_o have_v often_o do_v those_o that_o have_v great_a ground_n to_o look_v to_o and_o good_a ingenuity_n let_v they_o but_o put_v this_o in_o practice_n and_o i_o be_o confident_a they_o will_v find_v great_a satisfaction_n therein_o and_o in_o a_o little_a time_n raise_v many_o new_a sort_n of_o fruit_n now_o the_o reason_n why_o in_o france_n they_o raise_v more_o variety_n of_o fruit_n and_o flower_n than_o we_o do_v be_v this_o there_o be_v many_o ingenious_a man_n in_o their_o monastery_n and_o there_o they_o be_v seat_v as_o long_o as_o they_o live_v there_o they_o raise_v many_o fine_a fruit_n and_o flower_n now_o if_o our_o noble_a man_n that_o take_v delight_n in_o garden_n as_o all_o that_o be_v ingenious_a do_v will_v provide_v themselves_o of_o good_a ingenious_a gardiner_n and_o allow_v they_o good_a encouragement_n with_o assurance_n of_o continue_v in_o their_o service_n so_o long_o as_o they_o carry_v themselves_o careful_o in_o their_o employ_v and_o be_v faithful_a in_o their_o place_n this_o will_v certain_o cause_v they_o to_o improve_v their_o place_n much_o for_o their_o master_n good_a and_o profit_n and_o their_o own_o credit_n or_o give_v they_o patent_n for_o their_o place_n as_o his_o majesty_n do_v to_o the_o gardiner_n he_o keep_v for_o which_o i_o hope_v none_o better_o serve_v a_o good_a cook_n can_v dress_v you_o several_a dish_n of_o meat_n very_o well_o in_o half_a a_o day_n and_o if_o one_o miscarry_v they_o can_v in_o a_o little_a time_n make_v another_o but_o the_o gardener_n must_v have_v several_a month_n or_o year_n to_o bring_v some_o thing_n to_o perfection_n and_o if_o he_o miscarry_v he_o can_v begin_v again_o when_o he_o will_v but_o he_o must_v wait_v his_o time_n with_o patience_n therefore_o he_o ought_v the_o more_o to_o be_v careful_a but_o for_o this_o digression_n i_o must_v crave_v your_o pardon_n and_o thus_o
his_o hedgerows_a etc._n etc._n or_o his_o predecessor_n but_o i_o can_v and_o do_v wish_v that_o owner_n will_v encourage_v their_o tenant_n by_o allow_v they_o so_o much_o money_n for_o every_o fruit-tree_n and_o so_o much_o for_o every_o forrest-tree_n they_o plant_v in_o their_o ground_n and_o look_v to_o they_o well_o till_o they_o be_v pass_v cattle_n spoil_v they_o this_o will_v help_v both_o the_o owner_n and_o his_o tenant_n and_o many_o a_o good_a tree_n may_v be_v in_o waste_a place_n where_o now_o none_o be_v this_o will_v make_v the_o farm_n much_o better_a and_o pleasant_a and_o so_o we_o may_v have_v more_o plenty_n of_o fruit_n and_o timber_n and_o knowledge_n in_o plant_v will_v be_v great_o improve_v now_o suppose_v you_o shall_v plant_v on_o good_a land_n and_o in_o open_a field_n you_o will_v be_v no_o loser_n by_o it_o as_o if_o you_o shall_v plant_v oak_n ash_n or_o elm_n in_o pasture-ground_n at_o three_o or_o four_o rod_n asunder_o they_o will_v do_v your_o land_n no_o harm_n nor_o will_v you_o lose_v any_o ground_n save_v only_o just_a where_o the_o tree_n stand_v now_o it_o must_v be_v a_o good_a tree_n that_o take_v up_o one_o yard_n square_a nay_o the_o leave_n and_o shade_n may_v do_v your_o cattle_n as_o much_o good_a as_o may_v countervail_v the_o loss_n of_o that_o land_n as_o if_o your_o land_n be_v worth_a 20_o s._n a_o acre_n that_o be_v not_o a_o penny_n a_o yard_n as_o here_o i_o shall_v show_v 160_o rod_n square_a make_v a_o acre_n and_o five_o yard_n and_o a_o half_a square_n be_v a_o rod._n you_o see_v that_o in_o one_o rod_n square_a there_o be_v 30_o yard_n and_o a_o quarter_n for_o the_o decimal_n fraction_n 25_o be_v ¼_n of_o a_o 100_o or_o thus_o 5_o time_n 5_o be_v 25_o and_o 5_o half_n and_o 5_o half_n make_v 5_o whole_a rod_n and_o a_o half_a and_o a_o half_a make_v but_o ¼_n which_o be_v 30_o yard_n and_o a_o quarter_n here_o you_o see_v that_o 4840_o the_o yard_n in_o one_o acre_n divide_v by_o 12_o the_o penny_n in_o a_o shilling_n give_v 403_o shilling_n and_o 4_o remain_v that_o be_v one_o acre_n at_o a_o penny_n a_o yard_n come_v to_o 20_o l._n 3_o s._n 4_o d._n but_o it_o may_v be_v sixty_o year_n before_o a_o tree_n take_v up_o so_o much_o ground_n then_o at_o half_a that_o age_n it_o take_v up_o but_o half_a so_o much_o ground_n than_o 60_o halfpence_n be_v but_o 2_o s._n 6_o d._n and_o your_o tree_n at_o that_o age_n and_o on_o such_o land_n may_v be_v worth_a 30_o s._n or_o more_o which_o be_v profit_n and_o pleasure_n &c_n &c_n to_o the_o planter_n but_o to_o our_o business_n johnson_n tell_v you_o of_o some_o ten_o sort_n of_o pine_n but_o i_o know_v but_o two_o or_o three_o in_o england_n one_o be_v common_a and_o be_v raise_v of_o the_o seed_n sow_v in_o good_a ground_n and_o in_o the_o shade_n in_o the_o month_n of_o february_n if_o it_o be_v frosty_a put_v it_o into_o earth_n or_o sand_n and_o keep_v it_o in_o the_o house_n till_o the_o weather_n be_v seasonable_a they_o will_v not_o grow_v of_o cut_n nor_o lay_v well_o they_o be_v bad_a to_o be_v remove_v when_o old_a because_o the_o root_n run_v far_o from_o the_o body_n in_o few_o year_n and_o if_o break_v or_o cut_v off_o they_o will_v not_o ready_o break_v out_o at_o side_n and_o end_n therefore_o remove_v they_o young_a at_o two_o or_o three_o year_n old_a and_o at_o the_o time_n beforesaid_a and_o then_o you_o may_v expect_v glorious_a stately_a tree_n none_o of_o all_o our_o green_a tree_n in_o england_n may_v compare_v with_o they_o prune_n they_o as_o the_o fir_n they_o be_v fine_a to_o set_v round_o a_o garden_n or_o bowling-green_n for_o the_o leave_n will_v not_o do_v any_o harm_n of_o firre-tree_n we_o have_v two_o sort_n they_o be_v easy_o raise_v of_o seed_n sow_v as_o the_o pine_n one_o sort_n will_v grow_v of_o lay_v or_o of_o slip_v set_v about_o bartholomewtide_n but_o than_o you_o must_v cut_v they_o one_o inch_n or_o two_o from_o the_o body_n and_o cut_v that_o stump_n close_o off_o the_o march_n follow_v and_o cut_v all_o other_o bought_n that_o be_v needful_a at_o that_o time_n and_o you_o need_v not_o fear_v hurt_v your_o tree_n though_o my_o french_a curate_n be_v against_o it_o the_o best_a way_n to_o keep_v they_o be_v in_o story_n about_o a_o yard_n between_o one_o another_o but_o do_v not_o cut_v their_o end_n as_o some_o do_v neither_o let_v they_o grow_v thick_a on_o a_o heap_n but_o if_o you_o keep_v they_o in_o story_n they_o will_v grow_v taper_n and_o you_o may_v take_v off_o some_o when_o you_o see_v cause_n and_o so_o help_v they_o up_o to_o a_o great_a height_n and_o straight_o as_o a_o arrow_n for_o they_o natural_o grow_v in_o a_o good_a shape_n lay_v the_o clog_n before_o the_o fire_n and_o they_o will_v gape_v so_o may_v you_o take_v out_o the_o seed_n the_o better_a pliny_n call_v one_o sort_n of_o pine_n the_o pinaster_n jonson_n herbal_a pag._n 1350._o chap._n xxix_o of_o raise_v the_o yew_n holly_n box_n juniper_n bayes_n and_o laurel_n etc._n etc._n there_o be_v a_o great_a many_o more_o tree_n some_o of_o which_o shed_v their_o leave_n and_o some_o keep_v they_o all_o the_o year_n beside_o those_o i_o have_v speak_v of_o before_o but_o these_o be_v the_o most_o of_o our_o forrest-tree_n and_o as_o for_o those_o that_o do_v belong_v to_o the_o garden_n i_o shall_v not_o so_o much_o as_o mention_v they_o the_o yew-tree_n be_v produce_v of_o seed_n rub_v the_o fleshy_a substance_n off_o then_o dry_v they_o and_o when_o they_o be_v dry_a put_v they_o in_o sand_n a_o little_a moist_a in_o a_o pot_n or_o tub_n let_v this_o be_v do_v any_o time_n before_o christmas_n keep_v they_o in_o house_n all_o winter_n and_o under_o some_o north-wall_n abroad_o all_o summer_n the_o spring_n come_v twelvemonth_n after_o you_o put_v they_o in_o sand_n sow_v they_o on_o a_o bed_n the_o ground_n not_o too_o stiff_a keep_v they_o clean_o and_o prick_v they_o out_o of_o that_o bed_n into_o your_o nursery_n when_o they_o have_v stand_v two_o or_o three_o year_n there_o you_o may_v bring_v they_o to_o what_o shape_n you_o please_v it_o be_v a_o fine_a tree_n and_o worthy_a to_o be_v more_o increase_v holly_n may_v be_v raise_v of_o the_o berry_n as_o the_o yew_n or_o by_o lay_v it_o love_v a_o gravelly-ground_n as_o most_o of_o our_o forrest-greens_a doe_n it_o be_v a_o curious_a tree_n for_o hedge_n and_o will_v grow_v under_o the_o drop_n of_o great_a tree_n it_o well_o deserve_v your_o love_n yet_o be_v somewhat_o ticklish_a to_o remove_v but_o the_o best_a time_n be_v before_o michaelmas_n if_o your_o ground_n be_v stiff_a and_o cold_a mix_v it_o with_o gravel_n but_o no_o dung._n box_n the_o english_a and_o edge_v etc._n etc._n do_v grow_v well_o of_o slip_v set_v about_o the_o latter_a end_n of_o august_n or_o in_o march_n it_o be_v very_o pleasant_a in_o green_a grove_n and_o in_o wilderness_n though_o it_o have_v a_o bad_a smell_n after_o snow_n juniper_n be_v raise_v of_o the_o berry_n it_o be_v ticklish_a to_o remove_v it_o be_v a_o pretty_a plant_n for_o the_o aforesaid_a place_n the_o berry_n be_v very_o wholesome_a the_o wood_n burn_v yield_v a_o wholesome_a and_o pleasant_a presume_v so_o do_v the_o plant_n in_o the_o spring_n bayes_n be_v increase_v plentiful_o of_o sucker_n or_o you_o may_v raise_v they_o of_o their_o berry_n they_o love_v the_o shade_n and_o be_v fit_a to_o be_v set_v in_o green_a grove_n laurel_n or_o cherry-bay_n be_v increase_v by_o cut_n set_v about_o bartholomewtide_n and_o in_o the_o shade_n best_o or_o by_o the_o cherry_n it_o be_v a_o glorious_a tree_n for_o standard_n on_o most_o ground_n but_o on_o our_o cold_a and_o open_a it_o hold_v out_o our_o hard_a winter_n best_a it_o may_v be_v keep_v with_o a_o clear_a stem_n two_o or_o three_o foot_n high_a and_o let_v the_o head_n be_v keep_v round_o so_o that_o if_o you_o have_v a_o row_n of_o they_o the_o tree_n all_o of_o a_o height_n and_o bigness_n and_o the_o head_n all_o of_o a_o shape_n no_o tree_n be_v more_o pleasant_a it_o be_v fit_a for_o grove_n wilderness_n hedge_n etc._n etc._n it_o will_v grow_v well_o on_o any_o ground_n threfore_o make_v use_n of_o this_o beautiful_a tree_n the_o oak_n at_o first_o do_v like_o a_o king_n appear_v the_o laurel_n now_o at_o last_o bring_v up_o the_o rear_n the_o one_o do_v tender_a plenty_n and_o renown_n the_o other_o offer_v pleasure_n and_o a_o crown_n the_o elm_n the_o useful_a ash_n and_o sycomore_n together_o with_o the_o beech_n and_o many_o more_o they_o promise_v all_o content_a to_o those_o that_o look_v to_o practice_v what_o
hedge_n and_o a_o very_a fine_a show_n when_o it_o be_v full_a of_o its_o fine_a red_a berry_n which_o appear_v like_o bead_n of_o red_a coral_n among_o the_o dark_a green_a leave_n it_o like_v our_o entertainment_n so_o well_o that_o it_o will_v grow_v well_o on_o most_o ground_n our_o winter_n disturb_v it_o not_o and_o it_o be_v very_o easy_a to_o be_v multiply_v or_o increase_v by_o lay_v or_o cut_n they_o that_o have_v store_n of_o ground_n and_o be_v lover_n of_o plant_n i_o hope_v will_v not_o be_v without_o these_o few_o name_v and_o many_o more_o that_o will_v be_v very_o acceptable_a but_o they_o be_v not_o some_o of_o they_o so_o proper_a for_o hedge_n many_o more_o there_o be_v that_o will_v make_v very_o fine_a hedge_n for_o pleasure_n if_o well_o keep_v as_o the_o double-blossom_n cherry_n the_o laurus_fw-la tinus_fw-la or_o wild_a bay_n primme_a savin_n etc._n etc._n these_o few_o be_v only_o for_o ornament_n and_o make_v any_o of_o they_o fine_a hedge_n alone_o or_o you_o may_v mix_v they_o with_o judgement_n and_o they_o will_v then_o be_v very_o pleasant_a now_o i_o shall_v show_v you_o a_o few_o of_o those_o that_o be_v for_o profit_n and_o ornament_n such_o be_v the_o summer-pear_n on_o quince-stock_n for_o that_o make_v they_o the_o more_o dwarfish_a cherry_n make_v a_o fine_a hedge_n but_o especial_o the_o small-leaved_n as_o the_o several_a sort_n of_o flanders_n great_a bearer_n etc._n etc._n plumb_n quince_n codlins_n barberry_n etc._n etc._n all_o these_o make_v fine_a hedge_n but_o must_v have_v supporter_n in_o the_o three_o last_v there_o be_v this_o fault_n that_o the_o better_a they_o be_v keep_v i_o mean_v the_o handsome_a the_o worse_o they_o will_v bear_v but_o i_o be_o get_v two_o step_n too_o far_o into_o the_o garden_n and_o now_o i_o shall_v give_v you_o a_o account_n of_o such_o as_o be_v proper_a to_o fence_v in_o your_o wood_n orchard_n etc._n etc._n which_o be_v the_o scope_n of_o my_o discourse_n for_o such_o be_v both_o profitable_a and_o pleasant_a though_o not_o so_o ornamental_a as_o the_o other_o before_o and_o if_o you_o will_v make_v a_o fence_n of_o one_o particular_a sort_n of_o wood_n the_o very_a best_o be_v your_o white-bush_n or_o white-thorn_n your_o crab-stock_n make_v also_o a_o stout_a strong_a fence_n and_o if_o you_o leave_v at_o every_o twenty_o foot_n one_o to_o run_v up_o keep_v it_o with_o prune_v till_o it_o be_v five_o or_o six_o foot_n high_a and_o then_o graft_v it_o with_o red_a strike_n or_o other_o good_a syder-fruit_n such_o a_o hedge_n will_v be_v very_o pleasant_a and_o profitable_a you_o may_v so_o order_v your_o stock_n and_o tree_n while_o they_o be_v young_a that_o by_o prune_v you_o may_v have_v the_o head_n of_o your_o tree_n to_o hang_v into_o your_o ground_n a_o little_a over_o your_o hedge_n let_v i_o desire_v you_o to_o make_v such_o a_o hedge_n where_o you_o have_v occasion_n to_o make_v one_o as_o for_o your_o stock_n they_o be_v as_o easy_a to_o raise_v as_o barley_n and_o they_o be_v as_o certain_a to_o grow_v on_o most_o sort_n of_o ground_n as_o any_o one_o wood_n i_o know_v for_o common_a and_o public_a fence_n there_o be_v none_o to_o compare_v with_o these_o two_o for_o certainty_n of_o grow_v for_o a_o thick_a strong_a and_o a_o arm_a fence_n black-bush_n make_v a_o good_a strong_a fence_n but_o it_o have_v one_o inconvenience_n that_o be_v it_o will_v not_o keep_v within_o its_o bound_n but_o will_v run_v very_o much_o into_o your_o ground_n and_o there_o be_v very_o troublesome_a to_o keep_v out_o therefore_o if_o your_o fence_n be_v for_o wood_n it_o may_v do_v well_o for_o the_o reason_n aforesaid_a also_o when_o you_o plash_n it_o it_o will_v often_o be_v ready_a to_o die_v by_o reason_n that_o it_o shoot_v so_o much_o from_o the_o root_n thus_o have_v i_o show_v you_o some_o sort_n of_o wood_n to_o make_v your_o hedge_n with_o i_o shall_v now_o give_v you_o some_o direction_n how_o to_o make_v they_o and_o here_o observe_v that_o for_o all_o those_o which_o be_v for_o ornament_n only_o you_o must_v prepare_v a_o border_n by_o good_a dig_v and_o clean_o pick_v it_o from_o weed_n add_v some_o good_a natural_a earth_n such_o as_o the_o kind_n you_o set_v do_v most_o natural_o grow_v in_o which_o let_v be_v well_o prepare_v against_o the_o season_n for_o plant_v and_o then_o make_v use_n of_o your_o time_n the_o great_a sort_n may_v be_v set_v about_o a_o yard_n one_o from_o another_o such_o as_o your_o holly_n laurel_n etc._n etc._n the_o other_o about_o two_o foot_n or_o less_o such_o as_o your_o juniper_n mezereon_o etc._n etc._n let_v this_o be_v the_o most_o but_o if_o you_o have_v store_n of_o plant_n set_v they_o thick_a be_v spare_v in_o head_v most_o sort_n of_o green_n for_o those_o that_o be_v for_o ornament_n and_o profit_n the_o ground_n must_v be_v make_v good_a trench_v deep_a and_o mix_v well_o with_o dung_n they_o may_v be_v set_v about_o six_o foot_n asunder_o you_o may_v make_v very_o curious_a hedge_n of_o pear_n cherry_n etc._n etc._n but_o i_o be_o too_o far_o get_v into_o the_o orchard_n or_o garden_n i_o must_v retreat_v to_o my_o forrest-tree_n to_o shelter_v i_o from_o the_o gardiner_n anger_n of_o those_o sort_n that_o be_v for_o ornament_n profit_n and_o for_o fence_n i_o have_v tell_v you_o that_o there_o be_v two_o peculiar_a sort_n viz._n the_o white-thorn_n and_o the_o crab_n which_o be_v indeed_o the_o most_o proper_a to_o fence_v in_o our_o forrest-tree_n and_o wood_n of_o any_o i_o know_v i_o know_v most_o hedge_n which_o be_v mix_v with_o many_o sort_n of_o wood_n be_v apt_a to_o come_v too_o fast_o without_o plant_v set_v of_o white-thorn_n which_o in_o most_o place_n be_v plentiful_a to_o be_v have_v burr_n if_o you_o will_v raise_v they_o of_o haws_n order_v they_o as_o be_v show_v of_o the_o cherry_n or_o yew-berry_n now_o to_o raise_v your_o crab_n or_o apple-stock_n though_o the_o crab-stock_n be_v better_a than_o your_o apple-stock_n for_o the_o crab_n grow_v more_o rugged_a strong_a and_o be_v more_o last_a but_o stock_n raise_v of_o apple-kernel_n will_v do_v well_o let_v your_o ground_n be_v well_o prepare_v by_o digging_z and_o picking_z it_o clean_o from_o weed_n mix_v it_o with_o some_o good_a rot_a dung_n then_o when_o the_o time_n be_v that_o they_o beat_v their_o crab_n for_o verjuice_n or_o apple_n for_o cider_n then_o prepare_v yourself_o with_o so_o many_o as_o you_o think_v be_v convenient_a for_o your_o ground_n and_o as_o soon_o as_o they_o be_v stamp_v sow_v they_o if_o you_o can_v for_o if_o they_o lie_v long_o in_o the_o stamping_n that_o will_v heat_n and_o spoil_v your_o kernel_n therefore_o if_o you_o have_v they_o to_o fetch_v far_o or_o that_o you_o can_v sow_v they_o instant_o then_o let_v they_o be_v sift_v from_o the_o body_n of_o the_o apple_n and_o spread_v thin_a or_o mix_v with_o dry_a sand_n till_o you_o have_v opportunity_n to_o sow_v they_o or_o you_o may_v keep_v they_o in_o sand_n the_o kernel_n i_o mean_v a_o little_a moist_a till_o february_n and_o then_o sow_v they_o but_o be_v sure_a your_o ground_n be_v well_o prepare_v beforehand_o with_o good_a tillage_n and_o clean_o pick_v cover_v they_o about_o one_o inch_n or_o a_o little_a more_o with_o fine_a mould_n afterward_o when_o they_o come_v up_o keep_v they_o constant_o clean_a from_o weed_n remember_v if_o you_o sow_v at_o michaelmas_n that_o you_o take_v care_n to_o keep_v trap_n set_v for_o fear_v mouse_n rob_v you_o of_o your_o kernel_n thus_o may_v you_o raise_v what_o quantity_n of_o stock_n you_o please_v which_o at_o two_o and_o three_o year_n old_a you_o may_v set_v where_o you_o will_v have_v they_o to_o stand_v for_o to_o raise_v tree_n or_o to_o make_v hedge_n for_o fence_v in_o your_o ground_n keep_v they_o clean_o from_o weed_n by_o digging_z or_o hoe_z thus_o have_v show_v you_o how_o to_o furnish_v yourselves_o with_o store_n of_o stock_n in_o a_o little_a time_n which_o will_v make_v you_o as_o strong_a and_o good_a fence_n as_o most_o wood_n whatsoever_o and_o be_v very_o profitable_a too_o both_o to_o yield_v good_a liquor_n for_o drink_v and_o to_o bring_v good_a fuel_n to_o the_o fire_n i_o shall_v now_o show_v you_o how_o to_o plant_v these_o quickset_n both_o for_o hedge_n with_o ditch_n and_o for_o stant-hedge_n as_o some_o call_v they_o without_o ditch_n first_o strain_v a_o line_n where_o the_o inside_n of_o your_o ditch_n must_v go_v next_o your_o hedge_n then_o mark_v along_o by_o the_o line_n slope_v as_o you_o will_v have_v the_o bank_n of_o your_o hedge_n to_o slope_v then_o strain_v the_o line_n on_o the_o other_o side_n of_o the_o ditch_n and_o mark_v it_o out_o slope_v inward_a
show_v the_o best_a way_n for_o improve_n your_o ground_n presume_v that_o every_o man_n that_o fence_v in_o a_o ground_n will_v plant_v as_o many_o tree_n as_o he_o can_v in_o it_o let_v such_o but_o mind_n what_o i_o have_v deliver_v and_o what_o i_o shall_v deliver_v in_o the_o next_o chapter_n i_o hope_v it_o will_v be_v satisfactory_a to_o he_o if_o it_o be_v it_o will_v be_v the_o like_a to_o i_o but_o what_o order_n soever_o you_o plant_v your_o tree_n in_o make_v your_o hole_n good_a before_o set_v not_o your_o tree_n too_o deep_a and_o keep_v they_o stake_v the_o first_o year_n cover_v the_o ground_n over_o the_o root_n with_o some_o litter_n or_o dung_n and_o over_o that_o a_o little_a mould_n to_o keep_v the_o sun_n from_o burn_v the_o dung_n and_o exhaust_v the_o strength_n in_o the_o spring_n walk_v over_o the_o ground_n you_o plant_v in_o winter_n and_o set_v your_o tree_n to_o right_a and_o tread_v the_o mould_n to_o the_o root_n especial_o if_o the_o spring_n be_v dry_a keep_v all_o the_o crack_v fill_v with_o mould_n after_o your_o tree_n be_v set_v keep_v your_o ground_n with_o dig_v or_o plough_v for_o three_o or_o four_o year_n at_o first_o but_o the_o long_o the_o better_o your_o tree_n will_v run_v and_o thrive_v in_o the_o loose_a ground_n much_o but_o if_o you_o do_v not_o so_o much_o mind_n order_n in_o plant_v but_o will_v keep_v your_o land_n for_o corn_n and_o yet_o will_v glad_o have_v fruit-tree_n too_o which_o may_v very_o well_o be_v and_o you_o may_v have_v good_a store_n of_o fruit_n and_o not_o much_o the_o less_o corn_n then_o plant_v your_o row_v about_o thirty_o foot_n asunder_o the_o long_a way_n of_o your_o ground_n and_o set_v the_o tree_n in_o the_o row_v about_o 15_o foot_n asunder_o and_o let_v the_o tree_n in_o each_o row_n stand_v exact_o square_a so_o may_v you_o have_v a_o very_a fine_a orchard_n and_o little_a or_o nothing_o the_o less_o corn_n many_o year_n may_v you_o have_v as_o much_o fruit_n as_o be_v worth_a a_o good_a crop_n of_o corn_n off_o so_o much_o land_n and_o not_o the_o less_o corn_n which_o may_v well_o encourage_v you_o to_o plant_v if_o you_o dare_v believe_v i_o but_o if_o not_o be_v but_o so_o kind_a to_o yourself_o and_o i_o as_o to_o try_v whether_o i_o tell_v truth_n not_o be_v sure_a to_o keep_v cow_n out_o of_o your_o young_a orchard_n sheep_n will_v do_v no_o harm_n provide_v you_o wisp_n your_o tree_n about_o with_o thum-band_n while_o young_a which_o be_v the_o best_a way_n to_o keep_v they_o from_o the_o destructive_a hare_n and_o coney_n chap._n xxxiv_o of_o prune_v tree_n some_o general_a observation_n although_o i_o have_v show_v you_o how_o to_o prune_v most_o sort_n of_o tree_n in_o each_o chapter_n where_o i_o show_v you_o how_o to_o raise_v they_o yet_o i_o shall_v say_v a_o little_a more_o and_o all_o will_v be_v too_o little_a for_o the_o curate_n of_o henonville_n tell_v you_o in_o his_o book_n of_o the_o manner_n of_o order_v fruit-tree_n that_o it_o be_v a_o thing_n very_o rare_a among_o gardener_n to_o prune_n tree_n well_o for_o the_o do_v of_o it_o well_o depend_v more_o upon_o their_o ingenuity_n than_o upon_o their_o hand_n it_o be_v also_o very_o hard_o to_o give_v instruction_n for_o it_o because_o it_o consist_v not_o in_o certain_a and_o general_a maxim_n but_o vary_v according_a to_o the_o particular_a circumstance_n of_o each_o tree_n so_o that_o it_o depend_v absolute_o upon_o the_o gardener_n prudence_n who_o ought_v of_o himself_o to_o judge_v what_o branch_n must_v be_v leave_v and_o which_o be_v fit_a to_o be_v cut_v away_o etc._n etc._n indeed_o that_o erroneous_a custom_n and_o say_v which_o be_v among_o most_o man_n of_o timber-tree_n not_o to_o prune_v they_o at_o all_o or_o if_o you_o do_v to_o cut_v off_o the_o bough_n at_o distance_n from_o the_o body_n have_v make_v many_o a_o good_a fruit-tree_n lose_v its_o life_n soon_o by_o many_o year_n than_o it_o will_v have_v do_v and_o also_o have_v yield_v to_o the_o owner_n much_o less_o and_o worse_a fruit_n than_o it_o will_v have_v do_v therefore_o whatsoever_o bough_n you_o cut_v off_o from_o fruit_n or_o forrest-tree_n cut_v it_o close_o and_o smooth_a and_o the_o low_a side_n close_a then_o will_v it_o not_o hold_v water_n and_o every_o year_n the_o bark_n will_v surround_v and_o overgrow_v the_o wound_n by_o little_a and_o little_a till_o it_o have_v quite_o heal_v the_o place_n but_o if_o you_o leave_v a_o stump_n it_o be_v likely_a that_o will_v hold_v water_n and_o make_v a_o hole_n into_o the_o very_a body_n of_o your_o tree_n and_o so_o in_o little_a time_n make_v it_o sick_a and_o kill_v it_o which_o before_o will_v bear_v you_o but_o little_a and_o poor_a fruit_n or_o if_o the_o stump_n hang_v down_o so_o that_o it_o do_v not_o hold_v wet_a than_o the_o tree_n must_v be_v as_o big_a as_o that_o stump_n be_v long_o on_o all_o side_n before_o it_o can_v overgrow_v that_o place_n or_o if_o the_o stump_n rot_v and_o break_v off_o than_o many_o time_n it_o leave_v a_o hole_n in_o the_o tree_n which_o if_o it_o tend_v much_o upward_a so_o that_o it_o take_v water_n it_o certain_o kill_v the_o tree_n and_o if_o the_o tree_n be_v not_o a_o very_a thrive_a tree_n it_o will_v be_v very_o long_o before_o it_o overgrowes_a that_o hole_n though_o it_o do_v not_o take_v wet_a therefore_o what_o bough_n you_o cut_v off_o cut_v they_o off_o close_o unless_o the_o tree_n be_v very_o old_a and_o the_o bough_n great_a such_o i_o do_v not_o advise_v you_o to_o meddle_v with_o but_o if_o you_o do_v cut_v they_o at_o a_o distance_n from_o the_o body_n always_o remember_v to_o let_v the_o wound_n be_v smooth_a and_o to_o tend_v as_o much_o from_o the_o horizon_n as_o may_v be_v all_o bough_n that_o grow_v upright_o be_v they_o great_a or_o little_a cut_v they_o not_o right_o cross_v over_o but_o cut_v they_o slope_v upward_o and_o let_v the_o slope_n aspect_n the_o south_n east_n or_o west_n if_o it_o may_v be_v and_o in_o those_o bough_n that_o lean_a from_o the_o head_n cut_v the_o slope_n on_o the_o low_a side_n the_o slope_n tend_v downward_o so_o will_v they_o cover_v over_o the_o better_a if_o the_o wound_n be_v great_a cover_n it_o over_o with_o some_o clay_n well_o mix_v with_o horse-dung_n to_o keep_v it_o from_o the_o weather_n and_o it_o will_v cover_v over_o the_o soon_o many_o a_o good_a tree_n be_v spoil_v by_o graft_v of_o it_o in_o bad_a place_n as_o i_o have_v see_v in_o some_o hundred_o of_o which_o i_o have_v not_o spare_v as_o oft_o as_o i_o can_v to_o tell_v the_o owner_n but_o few_o will_v believe_v i_o for_o sometime_o they_o cut_v off_o great_a bough_n till_o they_o come_v to_o 6_o inch_n or_o thereabouts_o diameter_n there_o they_o put_v in_o four_o or_o six_o graft_n in_o the_o bark_n and_o sometime_o two_o in_o the_o clift_n and_o see_v the_o bough_n right_o cross_v over_o though_o it_o grow_v upright_o in_o which_o if_o the_o graft_n do_v grow_v the_o head_n be_v so_o great_a and_o they_o grow_v round_o as_o it_o be_v endeavour_v to_o cover_v over_o the_o wound_n make_v such_o a_o hollow_a place_n like_o a_o dish_n on_o the_o head_n as_o holds_z water_n and_o kill_v the_o tree_n which_o be_v many_o time_n dead_a before_o the_o graft_n can_v cover_v over_o the_o head_n or_o if_o the_o tree_n do_v not_o thrive_v very_o well_o they_o keep_v that_o place_n will_v cover_v with_o loom_n or_o clay_n mix_v with_o horse-dung_n and_o sometime_o they_o head_n the_o tree_n very_o low_a and_o thereby_o check_v it_o so_o much_o that_o it_o die_v in_o little_a time_n after_o sometime_o they_o cut_v off_o such_o great_a bough_n and_o do_v it_o so_o ill_a that_o though_o the_o head_n grow_v yet_o in_o little_a time_n these_o wound_n kill_v the_o tree_n though_o i_o shall_v not_o here_o teach_v you_o how_o to_o graft_v yet_o let_v i_o advise_v you_o when_o you_o graft_v high_a great_a tree_n not_o to_o cut_v they_o too_o low_o but_o to_o prune_v they_o up_o till_o they_o come_v to_o the_o thickness_n of_o your_o arm_n or_o less_o and_o then_o graft_v they_o for_o than_o will_v the_o graft_n soon_o overgrow_v such_o place_n leave_v a_o good_a many_o of_o these_o head_n on_o according_a to_o the_o bigness_n of_o your_o tree_n that_o if_o some_o miss_v you_o may_v take_v they_o off_o the_o next_o spring_n and_o yet_o have_v enough_o for_o the_o head_n if_o you_o graft_v in_o the_o bark_n you_o must_v remember_v to_o head_n your_o graft_n about_o midsummer_n or_o else_o they_o will_v be_v subject_a to_o blow_v off_o put_v your_o graft_n in_o always_o on_o the_o upper_a side_n
and_o cut_v upright_a bough_n a_o little_a slope_v off_o they_o will_v heal_v over_o the_o better_a keep_v they_o from_o sucker_n and_o then_o you_o may_v expect_v good_a tree_n and_o fruit_n of_o which_o i_o wish_v your_o hedge-rowe_n be_v full_a of_o all_o sort_n of_o tree_n whatsoever_o if_o any_o root_n be_v break_v or_o much_o bruise_v or_o crack_v cut_v they_o off_o till_o you_o come_v to_o firm_a wood_n the_o slope_n tend_v to_o the_o ground_n like_o a_o horsefoot_n but_o be_v very_o spare_v in_o cut_v the_o root_n of_o green_n and_o also_o in_o cut_v their_o head_n off_o yet_o you_o may_v proportion_v the_o head_n to_o the_o root_n by_o cut_v off_o some_o side-bough_n which_o cut_v off_o if_o your_o green_a be_v tender_a the_o latter_a end_n of_o march_n or_o in_o april_n and_o cut_v the_o bough_n off_o two_o or_o three_o inch_n from_o the_o body_n and_o that_o time_n come_v twelve_o month_n take_v off_o that_o piece_n close_o and_o cover_v the_o wound_n with_o a_o little_a wax_n or_o clay_n well_o temper_v if_o your_o green_n be_v for_o high_a tree_n endeavour_v to_o make_v they_o taper_n by_o leave_v some_o side-bough_n to_o ease_v the_o head_n in_o all_o tree_n you_o intend_v for_o timber_n be_v cautious_a in_o cut_v off_o their_o head_n especial_o those_o of_o great_a pith_n such_o as_o the_o ash_n walnut_n etc._n etc._n unless_o your_o tree_n grow_v top-heavy_a or_o much_o crooked_a and_o then_o at_o the_o crooked_a place_n cut_v off_o the_o head_n slope_v upward_o and_o nurse_v up_o one_o of_o the_o principal_n shoot_v to_o be_v the_o lead_n shoot_v but_o such_o as_o be_v subject_a to_o die_v when_o head_v or_o any_o tree_n very_o great_a meddle_v not_o with_o such_o the_o beech_n be_v one_o of_o the_o worst_a to_o head_n of_o any_o tree_n i_o know_v such_o tree_n as_o you_o intend_v for_o to_o grow_v to_o a_o certain_a propose_a height_n you_o must_v take_v care_n to_o keep_v they_o taper_n by_o leave_v side-bough_n in_o convenient_a place_n and_o distance_n to_o make_v they_o taper_n cut_v such_o bough_n off_o when_o you_o find_v your_o tree_n be_v swell_v enough_o below_o still_o mind_v to_o take_v off_o the_o great_a side-bough_n and_o leave_v little_a one_o and_o to_o proportion_v your_o head_n by_o keep_v it_o small_a according_a to_o the_o body_n and_o maintain_v the_o lead_n shoot_v let_v it_o have_v no_o equal_n for_o fork_a tree_n be_v never_o straight_o thus_o do_v till_o you_o have_v get_v your_o tree_n to_o the_o height_n you_o intend_v and_o there_o let_v the_o head_n break_v out_o and_o cut_v off_o all_o the_o side-bough_n but_o if_o side-bough_n still_o break_v out_o then_o give_v they_o a_o summer-pruning_a a_o little_a after_o midsummer_n and_o cut_v they_o off_o close_o so_o will_v you_o kill_v they_o and_o have_v a_o fine_a stately_a clear_a body_n and_o fine_a timber-tree_n see_v chap._n 10._o observe_v this_o in_o all_o tree_n you_o will_v have_v grow_v with_o a_o handsome_a straight_a body_n till_o you_o have_v get_v they_o to_o the_o height_n you_o intend_v they_o shall_v head_n at_o while_o your_o tree_n be_v small_a you_o must_v prune_v they_o every_o year_n the_o best_a time_n for_o most_o be_v the_o spring_n but_o hardy_a tree_n and_o wood_n may_v be_v prune_v at_o any_o time_n in_o winter_n when_o they_o be_v a_o little_o old_a once_o in_o two_o year_n than_o once_o in_o three_o and_o then_o in_o four_o and_o never_o seldome_a than_o once_o in_o five_o or_o six_o so_o will_v the_o bough_n be_v small_a the_o tree_n will_v soon_o overgrow_v the_o place_n the_o knot_n will_v not_o be_v great_a to_o vex_v the_o carpenter_n or_o joyner_n at_o all_o the_o place_n will_v not_o be_v very_o subject_a to_o put_v forth_o sucker_n because_o the_o sap_n have_v have_v no_o great_a recourse_n to_o that_o place_n mind_n always_o to_o cut_v off_o your_o bough_n smooth_a and_o close_o to_o the_o body_n this_o if_o you_o please_v to_o do_v you_o may_v have_v fine_a timber_n and_o handsome_a tree_n which_o i_o dare_v engage_v will_v pay_v you_o or_o you_o well_o for_o your_o help_n to_o they_o the_o like_a do_v with_o your_o standard_n fruit-tree_n or_o those_o you_o intend_v for_o pollard_n till_o you_o have_v get_v they_o to_o the_o height_n you_o design_v they_o shall_v head_n at_o and_o at_o set_v if_o they_o be_v tender_a tree_n or_o tree_n that_o have_v great_a pith._n if_o you_o must_v head_n they_o let_v it_o be_v in_o the_o spring_n when_o you_o find_v they_o begin_v to_o bud_v but_o than_o you_o must_v take_v care_n of_o the_o wind_n in_o winter_n that_o they_o shake_v they_o not_o so_o as_o to_o let_v the_o air_n in_o to_o the_o ground_n to_o kill_v the_o root_n therefore_o tie_v they_o to_o good_a stock_n or_o this_o be_v a_o good_a way_n for_o tree_n that_o have_v not_o great_a pith_n or_o be_v very_o tender_a cut_v off_o some_o of_o the_o top_n of_o the_o bough_n when_o you_o set_v they_o so_o let_v they_o be_v till_o the_o spring_n and_o when_o you_o see_v the_o bud_n break_v out_o then_o cut_v they_o on_o every_o shoot_n of_o the_o head_n a_o little_a above_o the_o low_a bud_n or_o two_o of_o each_o shoot_n so_o will_v the_o head_n shoot_v but_o with_o few_o shoot_v and_o they_o will_v be_v the_o strong_a the_o head_n be_v small_a the_o root_n will_v endeavour_v to_o proportion_v it_o to_o its_o former_a greatness_n or_o near_o it_o but_o if_o you_o have_v many_o shoot_v break_v out_o then_o cut_v they_o all_o off_o but_o four_o or_o five_o for_o so_o many_o be_v enough_o to_o make_v arm_n for_o any_o tree_n but_o if_o then_o you_o find_v the_o tree_n to_o shoot_v too_o much_o and_o grow_v top-heavy_a as_o sometime_o they_o will_v if_o well_o keep_v and_o on_o good_a ground_n than_o head_n the_o tree_n again_o but_o not_o so_o low_a as_o you_o do_v before_o for_o reason_n ought_v to_o be_v use_v in_o all_o thing_n this_o will_v make_v your_o tree_n swell_v in_o body_n much_o and_o in_o time_n be_v a_o fine_a tree_n so_o that_o i_o say_v endeavour_v to_o get_v a_o good_a body_n for_o in_o fruit-tree_n this_o be_v to_o be_v note_v that_o you_o must_v in_o the_o first_o place_n endeavour_n to_o get_v your_o tree_n in_o such_o a_o condition_n as_o to_o bear_v you_o good_a fruit_n and_o a_o quantity_n rather_o than_o little_a fruit_n early_o and_o then_o never_o good_a fruit_n or_o tree_n after_o therefore_o if_o you_o have_v a_o tree_n that_o do_v not_o thrive_v but_o be_v subject_a to_o blow_v much_o as_o most_o such_o tree_n be_v cut_v off_o the_o blow_a bud_n in_o the_o spring_n as_o low_a to_o a_o leafy_a bud_n as_o you_o can_v and_o some_o shoot_v as_o near_o the_o place_n where_o the_o tree_n head_v as_o you_o can_v but_o mind_n to_o leave_v some_o bud_n on_o the_o head_n to_o draw_v up_o the_o sap_n or_o else_o your_o tree_n may_v break_v out_o in_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o body_n or_o a_o little_a above_o ground_n but_o if_o your_o bud_n once_o shoot_v on_o the_o head_n but_o half_o a_o foot_n then_o will_v your_o tree_n come_v away_o thus_o and_o by_o dig_v about_o have_v i_o help_v many_o a_o stunted_a tree_n forward_o which_o you_o may_v do_v likewise_o if_o you_o please_v i_o have_v many_o time_n observe_v several_a fruit-tree_n as_o pear_n apple_n etc._n etc._n to_o be_v full_a of_o false-bearing_a bud_n i_o call_v they_o so_o because_o they_o do_v not_o blow_v for_o the_o tree_n have_v get_v more_o head_n than_o the_o root_n can_v well_o maintain_v have_v not_o strength_n sufficient_a to_o spare_v sap_n for_o blossom_n nor_o yet_o for_o fruit_n which_o by_o prune_v and_o thin_a the_o head_n of_o such_o tree_n and_o by_o slit_v the_o bark_n on_o the_o body_n in_o the_o spring_n have_v make_v they_o afterward_o to_o bear_v well_o when_o they_o have_v put_v forth_o new_a shoot_v at_o the_o head_n and_o some_o sort_n of_o fruit-tree_n there_o be_v which_o will_v blow_v and_o bear_v themselves_o to_o death_n when_o they_o be_v middle-aged_a as_o before_o i_o tell_v you_o some_o young_a one_o will_v if_o not_o help_v by_o prune_v but_o the_o best_a way_n to_o preserve_v such_o tree_n from_o death_n and_o to_o make_v they_o bear_v pretty_a good_a fruit_n be_v to_o cut_v off_o most_o of_o the_o blow_a bud_n and_o to_o thin_a the_o head_n of_o some_o bough_n to_o make_v it_o shoot_v again_o then_o will_v it_o live_v many_o year_n long_o and_o bear_v better_a fruit_n some_o tree_n there_o be_v that_o will_v run_v so_o much_o into_o wood_n that_o they_o will_v not_o bear_v of_o themselves_o till_o they_o come_v to_o be_v old_a but_o if_o you_o cut_v off_o the_o head_n of_o the_o shoot_v
so_o do_v your_o walnut_n chesnut_n horse-chesnut_n peach_n almond_n apricock_n plumb_n etc._n etc._n and_o the_o only_a difference_n from_o bean_n and_o pease_n be_v that_o these_o stone-fruit_n put_v forth_o at_o the_o small_a end_n and_o the_o other_o always_o at_o the_o side_n in_o like_a manner_n there_o be_v several_a sort_n of_o tree_n and_o most_o sort_n of_o plant_n that_o be_v small_a which_o put_v forth_o root_n at_o the_o small_a end_n and_o as_o soon_o as_o that_o root_n have_v lay_v hold_n of_o the_o ground_n they_o then_o send_v out_o two_o false_a leave_n nothing_o like_o those_o that_o grow_v on_o the_o tree_n or_o plant_n which_o two_o false_a leave_n be_v the_o seed_n which_o divide_v into_o two_o part_n and_o so_o stand_v some_o small_a time_n on_o the_o top_n of_o the_o ground_n and_o then_o between_o these_o two_o false_a leave_n come_v forth_o a_o shoot_n which_o produce_v leaf_n like_o those_o of_o the_o tree_n or_o plant_n from_o whence_o it_o come_v of_o this_o way_n of_o growth_n there_o be_v a_o infinite_a number_n both_o of_o tree_n and_o plant_n as_o the_o elm_n ash_n sycamore_n maple_n pear_n apple_n quince_n and_o the_o most_o sort_n of_o the_o seed_n of_o tree_n which_o be_v not_o environ_v by_o stone_n or_o shell_n of_o seed_n the_o melon_n parsnip_n carrot_n carduus_fw-la angelica_n and_o indeed_o most_o sort_n of_o seed_n chap._n v._n of_o the_o several_a way_n to_o raise_v forrest-tree_n or_o other_o and_o how_o to_o perform_v the_o same_o by_o lay_v those_o sort_n of_o tree_n which_o will_v grow_v of_o cut_n be_v the_o easy_a to_o raise_v by_o laying_n some_o of_o which_o sort_n you_o may_v see_v in_o the_o next_o chapter_n now_o touch_v the_o best_a time_n for_o lay_v your_o layer_n of_o tree_n observe_v that_o if_o they_o be_v tree_n that_o hold_v their_o leaf_n all_o winter_n as_o firre_n pine_n holly_n yew_n box_n bayes_n laurel_n elix_fw-la etc._n etc._n let_v such_o be_v lay_v about_o the_o latter_a end_n of_o august_n but_o if_o they_o be_v such_o as_o shed_v their_o leaf_n in_o winter_n as_o oak_n elm_n line_n sycamore_n apple_n pear_n mulberry_n etc._n etc._n let_v such_o be_v lay_v about_o the_o middle_n of_o october_n i_o do_v grant_v that_o you_o may_v lay_v at_o any_o time_n of_o the_o year_n but_o these_o time_n i_o take_v to_o be_v the_o best_a for_o than_o they_o have_v the_o whole_a winter_n and_o summer_n to_o prepare_v and_o draw_v root_n in_o at_o that_o time_n of_o the_o year_n the_o sun_n have_v so_o much_o power_n on_o the_o sap_n of_o the_o tree_n as_o to_o feed_v the_o leaf_n and_o bud_n but_o not_o to_o make_v a_o shoot_n and_o if_o that_o little_a sap_n that_o rise_v be_v hinder_v as_o it_o be_v by_o some_o of_o the_o follow_a way_n of_o lay_v the_o leave_n and_o bud_n yet_o gentle_o crave_v of_o the_o layer_n make_v the_o layer_n prepare_v for_o root_n or_o put_v forth_o root_v a_o little_a to_o maintain_v itself_o be_v it_o find_v it_o can_v have_v it_o from_o the_o mother-plant_a and_o be_v it_o want_v but_o little_a nourishment_n at_o that_o time_n of_o the_o year_n i_o think_v it_o be_v better_a to_o lay_v layer_n of_o tree_n and_o to_o set_v cut_n than_o at_o other_o time_n in_o summer_n when_o the_o sap_n be_v much_o abound_v or_o in_o winter_n when_o the_o sap_n stir_v little_a or_o in_o the_o spring_n when_o the_o sap_n begin_v to_o rise_v for_o than_o it_o come_v too_o sudden_o to_o draw_v sap_n from_o the_o layer_n before_o it_o have_v draw_v or_o prepare_v for_o root_n for_o nature_n must_v be_v court_v gentle_o though_o i_o know_v in_o small_a plant_n the_o spring_n or_o summer_n do_v very_o well_o for_o they_o be_v short-lived_a be_v therefore_o the_o quick_a in_o draw_v root_n and_o beside_o that_o tree_n be_v many_o time_n lay_v as_o they_o be_v not_o as_o for_o those_o tree_n that_o be_v apt_a to_o grow_v of_o cut_n take_v but_o some_o of_o the_o bough_n and_o lay_v they_o into_o the_o ground_n cover_v they_o about_o half_a a_o foot_n with_o fresh_a fine_a mould_n leave_v they_o with_o the_o end_n of_o your_o layer_n about_o one_o foot_n or_o a_o foot_n and_o a_o half_a out_o of_o the_o ground_n keep_v they_o moist_a in_o summer_n and_o in_o twelve_o month_n time_n you_o may_v remove_v they_o if_o root_v if_o not_o let_v they_o lie_v long_o another_o way_n be_v take_v a_o bough_n you_o intend_v to_o lay_v and_o cut_v it_o half_a way_n through_o right_a across_o the_o wood_n then_o slit_v it_o up_o towards_o the_o end_n half_o a_o foot_n or_o according_a as_o your_o layer_n be_v in_o bigness_n lay_v the_o slitted_a place_n into_o the_o ground_n and_o you_o shall_v find_v that_o slitted_a place_n take_v root_n if_o lay_v as_o the_o former_a and_o so_o order_v this_o way_n you_o may_v increase_v many_o fine_a flower_n and_o small_a plant_n but_o they_o be_v out_o of_o my_o element_n at_o this_o time_n i_o shall_v not_o speak_v of_o the_o order_v they_o for_o fear_v i_o seem_v tedious_a to_o some_o another_o way_n to_o lay_v a_o layer_n of_o a_o tree_n be_v take_v a_o piece_n of_o wire_n and_o tie_v it_o hard_o round_a the_o bark_n of_o the_o place_n you_o intend_v to_o lay_v into_o the_o ground_n twist_v the_o end_n of_o the_o wire_a that_o it_o may_v not_o untie_v prick_v the_o place_n above_o the_o wire_a through_o the_o bark_n with_o a_o awl_n in_o several_a place_n then_o lay_v it_o into_o the_o ground_n as_o the_o first_o a_o four_o way_n of_o lay_v of_o tree_n be_v cut_v a_o place_n round_o about_o one_o inch_n or_o two_o where_o you_o find_v it_o most_o convenient_a to_o lay_v into_o the_o ground_n and_o so_o proceed_v as_o be_v show_v in_o the_o first_o way_n of_o lay_v a_o five_o way_n to_o lay_v some_o sort_n of_o tree_n be_v to_o twist_v the_o place_n you_o intend_v to_o lay_v into_o the_o ground_n as_o you_o do_v a_o with_o and_o lay_v it_o as_o be_v show_v in_o the_o first_o way_n of_o lay_v by_o this_o way_n and_o the_o first_o you_o may_v furnish_v your_o wood_n and_o hedge_n for_o they_o be_v easy_a any_o ordinary_a man_n will_v perform_v the_o same_o thus_o you_o may_v from_o one_o stub_n as_o a_o sallow_a or_o the_o like_a between_o one_o fall_v and_o another_o of_o your_o wood_n for_o a_o rod_n square_n of_o ground_n and_o more_o if_o that_o one_o stub_n produce_v but_o strong_a shoot_n fill_v it_o well_o with_o wood_n for_o when_o the_o stub_n have_v get_v two_o or_o three_o year_n shoot_v then_o lay_v round_o it_o as_o before_z at_o large_a be_v show_v there_o let_v they_o remain_v to_o produce_v new_a stub_n but_o if_o you_o will_v increase_v by_o lay_v some_o young_a tree_n from_o a_o high_a standard_n whence_o you_o can_v bend_v the_o bough_n down_o to_o the_o ground_n than_o you_o must_v prepare_v either_o box_n basket_n or_o pot_n and_o fill_v they_o full_a of_o fine_a sift_v mould_n put_v a_o little_a rot_a willow-dust_n with_o this_o earth_n for_o that_o keep_v moisture_n to_o help_v the_o layer_n to_o draw_v root_n then_o set_v the_o pot_n or_o box_n thus_o fill_v with_o earth_n upon_o some_o tressel_n or_o post_n as_o your_o ingenuity_n will_v direct_v you_o then_o lay_v your_o bough_n by_o the_o second_o three_o or_o four_o way_n of_o lay_v leave_v not_o too_o much_o head_n out_o because_o the_o wind_n will_v offend_v it_o if_o you_o do_v and_o by_o its_o own_o motion_n be_v likely_a to_o rub_v off_o the_o tender_a young_a root_n and_o thus_o lay_v your_o hop_n this_o way_n these_o thing_n observe_v you_o may_v raise_v many_o choice_n tree_n as_o mulberry_n hors-chesnut_n etc._n etc._n these_o rule_n may_v instruct_v you_o sufficient_o concern_v the_o propagation_n of_o tree_n by_o lay_v but_o let_v i_o tell_v you_o it_o be_v hard_o to_o raise_v a_o fine_a straight_a tree_n by_o a_o layer_n or_o cut_v i_o have_v hint_v at_o the_o reason_n before_o note_v the_o small_a your_o bough_n be_v set_v they_o the_o less_o out_o of_o the_o ground_n and_o keep_v they_o clean_o from_o weed_n that_o they_o spoil_v not_o your_o layer_n alsonote_n that_o the_o hard_a the_o wood_n be_v than_o the_o young_a wood_n will_v take_v root_n best_o lay_v in_o the_o ground_n but_o if_o a_o soft_a wood_n than_o old_a bough_n will_v take_v root_n best_o now_o you_o that_o be_v lover_n of_o wood_n make_v use_n of_o these_o sure_a direction_n and_o if_o you_o repent_v then_o blame_v i_o chap._n vi_o of_o those_o sort_n of_o tree_n that_o will_v grow_v of_o cut_n and_o how_o to_o perform_v the_o same_o if_o your_o ground_n be_v moist_a you_o may_v set_a with_o success_n any_o sort_n of_o willow_n sallow_a or_o osier_n
when_o old_a lop_v in_o two_o or_o three_o and_o in_o all_o respect_n be_v as_o useful_a for_o the_o fire_n then_o i_o entreat_v you_o be_v not_o so_o wilful_a as_o to_o make_v you_o and_o you_o poor_a and_o also_o spoil_v your_o tree_n therefore_o in_o lop_n of_o pollard_n especial_o soft_a wood_n let_v it_o be_v towards_o the_o spring_n and_o let_v not_o your_o lordship_n grow_v so_o great_a as_o to_o spoil_v your_o tree_n and_o lose_v the_o use_n of_o your_o money_n if_o once_o you_o find_v your_o pollard_n grow_v much_o hollow_a at_o the_o head_n down_o with_o it_o as_o soon_o as_o may_v be_v for_o it_o then_o decay_v more_o in_o the_o body_n than_o the_o lop_n come_v to_o and_o if_o your_o timber-tree_n be_v dead-topt_a or_o most_o of_o the_o head_n dead_a or_o that_o you_o find_v wood-peckers_a or_o nihill_n make_v hole_n in_o they_o than_o fall_v they_o as_o soon_o as_o the_o season_n be_v which_o be_v from_o october_n to_o february_n for_o when_o they_o begin_v to_o decay_v they_o decay_v apace_o i_o know_v it_o be_v the_o opinion_n of_o most_o man_n that_o these_o bird_n spoil_v their_o tree_n but_o let_v i_o tell_v you_o they_o rare_o make_v hole_n in_o sound_a timber_n therefore_o learn_v of_o they_o and_o fall_v the_o tree_n of_o which_o they_o give_v you_o warning_n by_o make_v hole_n in_o they_o the_o soon_o the_o less_o timber_n lose_v chap._n xiii_o of_o raise_v and_o order_v the_o beech._n of_o the_o kind_n of_o beech_n i_o know_v but_o one_o though_o some_o say_v there_o be_v more_o about_o the_o middle_n of_o september_n you_o will_v find_v the_o mast_n begin_v to_o fall_v apace_o then_o gather_v what_o quantity_n you_o think_v good_a to_o sow_v and_o as_o soon_o as_o your_o seed_n be_v dry_a make_v a_o couch_n of_o sand_n as_o you_o be_v before_o direct_v for_o the_o ash_n and_o sow_v they_o before_o the_o month_n september_n be_v past_a keep_v they_o in_o the_o couch_n moderate_o moist_a not_o so_o wet_a as_o you_o keep_v the_o ash_n until_o the_o latter_a end_n of_o january_n then_o sow_v they_o in_o a_o bed_n of_o light_n gravelly_a earth_n make_v on_o purpose_n or_o if_o you_o fancy_v to_o sow_v they_o in_o your_o wood_n that_o be_v the_o best_a time_n or_o you_o may_v sow_v they_o in_o the_o month_n september_n in_o your_o wood_n but_o if_o you_o keep_v they_o in_o the_o house_n all_o winter_n and_o sow_v they_o at_o the_o first_o rise_v of_o the_o spring_n you_o will_v preserve_v they_o from_o mouse_n and_o other_o vermin_n the_o better_a they_o affect_v a_o gravelly_a light_a soil_n and_o will_v not_o thrive_v on_o clayes_n if_o you_o will_v make_v a_o nursery_n of_o they_o your_o ground_n must_v be_v according_o or_o else_o they_o will_v thrive_v but_o bad_o with_o you_o of_o all_o wood_n that_o be_v this_o may_v the_o best_a be_v prune_v up_o for_o it_o grow_v over_o the_o place_n in_o little_a time_n and_o be_v not_o subject_a to_o break_v out_o side-bough_n it_o be_v fit_v for_o walk_n where_o the_o ground_n be_v natural_a for_o it_o but_o it_o be_v so_o nice_a in_o its_o ground_n that_o i_o do_v think_v there_o be_v few_o walk_n of_o any_o great_a length_n but_o have_v some_o vein_n of_o ground_n it_o do_v not_o like_a chap_n fourteen_o of_o raise_v and_o order_v the_o walnut_n before_o we_o come_v to_o raise_v this_o tree_n or_o gather_v the_o nut_n there_o may_v be_v these_o inquiry_n make_v first_o you_o will_v desire_v to_o know_v what_o kind_n of_o nut_n be_v likely_a to_o produce_v the_o best_a fruit_n and_o to_o know_v what_o kind_n will_n alter_v from_o that_o kind_a to_o a_o better_a as_o most_o kind_n of_o fruit_n will_v degenerate_v some_o for_o the_o better_a and_o some_o near_o the_o same_o and_o some_o worse_a as_o also_o to_o know_v the_o very_a nut_n or_o nut_n and_o other_o sort_n of_o fruit_n which_o will_v do_v so_o as_o for_o the_o kind_n that_n be_v likely_a to_o produce_v the_o best_a fruit_n and_o the_o most_o likely_a to_o produce_v better_a observe_v to_o gather_v your_o nut_n stone_n or_o kernel_n off_o from_o some_o young_a thrive_a tree_n that_o be_v in_o its_o prime_n of_o bear_v and_o have_v the_o kernel_n plump_a large_a and_o full_a and_o of_o the_o best_a sort_n and_o if_o it_o be_v of_o fruit_n that_o be_v too_o subject_a to_o ripe_a late_a with_o we_o then_o let_v it_o be_v of_o the_o early_a kind_n and_o as_o for_o the_o late_a kind_a preserve_v they_o for_o stock_n only_o also_o if_o it_o may_v be_v make_v choice_n of_o such_o fruit_n as_o be_v late_o produce_v from_o some_o other_o good_a kind_a and_o be_v better_a than_o the_o kind_a it_o come_v of_o for_o you_o can_v expect_v to_o have_v as_o good_a a_o apple_n produce_v from_o the_o kernel_n of_o a_o crab_n as_o you_o may_v have_v from_o the_o kernel_n of_o a_o good_a pippin_n for_o if_o the_o one_o bring_v you_o a_o good_a wilding_n and_o the_o other_o a_o apple_n either_o more_o large_a or_o more_o beautiful_a and_o as_o good_a if_o not_o better_o and_o of_o different_a taste_n this_o be_v as_o much_o as_o can_v be_v well_o expect_v for_o nature_n do_v not_o run_v her_o journey_n all_o at_o once_o but_o make_v several_a small_a one_o and_o many_o time_n more_o backward_o than_o forward_o the_o better_a to_o encourage_v ingenious_a man_n to_o try_v and_o observe_v her_o way_n but_o to_o those_o that_o be_v diligent_a she_o often_o drop_v her_o blessing_n and_o requite_v they_o well_o for_o their_o diligence_n and_o if_o you_o will_v obtain_v a_o blessing_n in_o you_o work_v by_o nature_n you_o must_v frequent_o be_v beg_v it_o of_o the_o great_a god_n of_o nature_n and_o by_o his_o assistance_n and_o your_o diligence_n you_o need_v not_o doubt_v accomplish_v you_o lawful_a desire_n of_o this_o truth_n doubt_v not_o the_o lord_n bacon_n in_o his_o natural_a history_n tell_v you_o of_o a_o old_a tradition_n that_o bough_n of_o the_o oak_n put_v into_o the_o earth_n will_v put_v forth_o wild_a vine_n i_o wish_v all_o such_o old_a tradition_n be_v bury_v in_o the_o earth_n in_o room_n of_o the_o oak-bough_n he_o tell_v we_o also_o of_o a_o old_a beech-tree_n cut_v down_o the_o root_n whereof_o put_v forth_o a_o birch_n see_v p._n 111._o this_o most_o learned_a man_n in_o his_o next_o page_n lay_v down_o six_o rule_n though_o all_o as_o he_o confess_v untried_a by_o he_o concern_v the_o transmutation_n of_o plant_n the_o first_o be_v if_o you_o will_v have_v one_o plant_v turn_n into_o another_o you_o must_v have_v the_o nourishment_n over-rule_v the_o seed_n the_o second_o be_v to_o bury_v some_o few_o seed_n of_o the_o plant_v you_o will_v change_v among_o other_o seed_n the_o three_o be_v to_o make_v some_o medley_n or_o mixture_n of_o earth_n with_o some_o other_o plant_n bruise_v or_o shave_a either_o leaf_n or_o root_n the_o four_o be_v to_o mark_v what_o herb_n some_o earth_n do_v put_v forth_o of_o its_o self_n and_o to_o sow_v some_o contrary_a seed_n in_o that_o earth_n the_o five_o be_v to_o make_v a_o herb_n grow_v contrary_a to_o its_o nature_n the_o six_o be_v to_o make_v plant_n grow_v out_o of_o the_o sun_n or_o open_a air_n as_o in_o the_o bottom_n of_o a_o pond_n or_o in_o some_o great_a hollow_a tree_n i_o may_v and_o can_v answer_v to_o all_o these_o but_o i_o think_v it_o will_v be_v too_o tedious_a for_o i_o do_v very_o believe_v that_o to_o sow_v seed_n any_o way_n that_o can_v be_v devise_v by_o man_n will_v not_o in_o the_o least_o cause_n they_o to_o be_v quite_o another_o kind_n of_o plant_n for_o if_o you_o find_v any_o alteration_n in_o any_o plant_n that_o be_v it_o be_v from_o the_o conception_n and_o nativity_n of_o the_o seed_n for_o there_o be_v no_o real_a alteration_n but_o by_o seed_n i_o know_v that_o plant_n or_o tree_n may_v bring_v fair_a or_o small_a flower_n or_o fruit_n according_a to_o the_o order_v and_o natural_a situation_n of_o the_o ground_n and_o the_o contrary_a for_o it_o be_v in_o vain_a to_o think_v that_o the_o kernel_n of_o a_o apple_n will_v bring_v forth_o a_o pear_n or_o a_o pear_n a_o apple_n or_o that_o cherry-stone_n will_v produce_v a_o plumb_n or_o plumb-stone_n a_o cherry_n but_o if_o you_o sow_v the_o kernel_n of_o good_a pear_n or_o apple_n etc._n etc._n then_o you_o may_v expect_v good_a fruit_n and_o of_o different_a taste_n shape_n or_o bigness_n as_o be_v aforesaid_a for_o i_o do_v believe_v all_o our_o sort_n of_o pippin_n come_v from_o one_o the_o burry-pear_n from_o the_o green-field_n the_o pettit_n rouselet_n from_o the_o katherine_n etc._n etc._n and_o so_o of_o walnut_n or_o other_o fruit_n and_o what_o shall_v be_v the_o reason_n than_o
i_o have_v show_v you_o that_o it_o be_v not_o the_o mix_n of_o earth_n with_o other_o plant_n that_o will_v make_v they_o change_v into_o such_o plant_n as_o you_o mix_v the_o earth_n with_o or_o make_v the_o plant_n alter_v to_o any_o purpose_n for_o the_o main_a alteration_n of_o all_o plant_n be_v from_o their_o seed_n though_o it_o may_v be_v mix_v such_o plant_n or_o shave_n with_o the_o earth_n you_o sow_v seed_n in_o may_v cause_v they_o to_o have_v some_o quality_n of_o the_o physical_a use_n of_o the_o plant_n in_o they_o as_o be_v the_o opinion_n of_o the_o learned_a that_o misceltoe_n on_o the_o oak_n and_o polipody_n of_o the_o oak_n and_o elder_a on_o the_o willow_n etc._n etc._n do_v partake_v of_o the_o physical_a use_n of_o those_o plant_n on_o which_o they_o grow_v for_o in_o nature_n you_o may_v find_v that_o many_o body_n do_v not_o only_o by_o their_o quality_n affect_v their_o adjacent_n but_o also_o infuse_v their_o virtue_n into_o they_o and_o endue_v they_o with_o the_o same_o faculty_n as_o the_o loadstone_n do_v not_o only_o attract_v iron_n but_o communicate_v its_o virtue_n to_o it_o and_o make_v it_o magnetical_a by_o touch_v etc._n etc._n but_o i_o shall_v leave_v the_o stone_n and_o return_v to_o the_o walnut-tree_n let_v your_o nut_n be_v very_o ripe_a and_o when_o they_o begin_v to_o fall_v then_o beat_v the_o rest_n off_o from_o the_o tree_n and_o lay_v they_o by_o that_o the_o outward_a husk_n may_v crack_v then_o peel_v they_o but_o do_v not_o wash_v they_o for_o wet_a do_v make_v the_o kernel_n crack_n and_o mould_n and_o spoil_v it_o when_o you_o have_v take_v off_o the_o husk_n lay_v they_o thin_a to_o dry_v in_o some_o dry_a open_a room_n turn_v they_o sometime_o with_o a_o broom_n when_o they_o have_v sweat_n and_o be_v dry_a about_o the_o begin_n of_o october_n put_v they_o into_o sand_n a_o little_a moist_a make_v it_o a_o little_o wet_a about_o christmas_n for_o than_o they_o will_v begin_v to_o spear_n and_o then_o will_v digest_v it_o sow_v they_o not_o in_o their_o husk_n neither_o steep_v they_o as_o some_o advise_v set_a or_o sow_v they_o about_o the_o latter_a end_n of_o january_n or_o beginning_n of_o february_n in_o good_a fresh_a ground_n mind_v the_o aforesaid_a rule_n and_o you_o shall_v not_o lose_v one_o in_o a_o hundred_o and_o cover_v they_o about_o a_o inch_n and_o a_o half_a or_o two_o inch_n keep_v they_o well_o weed_v on_o their_o first_o bed_n and_o when_o they_o have_v stand_v two_o summer_n then_o remove_v they_o into_o other_o bed_n set_v they_o about_o a_o yard_n asunder_o one_o row_n from_o another_o and_o about_o a_o foot_n and_o a_o half_a one_o from_o another_o in_o the_o row_v cut_v the_o tap-root_n and_o all_o bruise_a root_n off_o and_o the_o side-bough_n but_o cut_v not_o off_o the_o head_n of_o a_o walnut-tree_n keep_v they_o with_o dig_v and_o hoe_z and_o prune_v up_o till_o you_o have_v get_v they_o five_o or_o six_o foot_n high_a then_o bud_v they_o it_o will_v make_v they_o bear_v soon_o and_o then_o you_o be_v certain_a of_o a_o good_a kind_a for_o i_o presume_v you_o will_v not_o bud_v they_o with_o a_o bad_a kind_a if_o you_o know_v it_o if_o you_o do_v not_o bud_v they_o let_v they_o head_n about_o six_o foot_n high_a a_o year_n or_o two_o and_o then_o remove_v they_o but_o keep_v they_o not_o long_o in_o the_o open_a air_n for_o the_o root_n be_v of_o a_o spungy_a nature_n will_v take_v in_o the_o air_n so_o fast_o that_o they_o will_v soon_o mould_n and_o kill_v your_o tree_n therefore_o set_v they_o as_o soon_o as_o you_o can_v when_o once_o take_v up_o remove_v they_o young_a off_o from_o the_o seed-bed_n as_o be_v before_o advise_v for_o if_o you_o let_v they_o stand_v to_o be_v great_a on_o the_o place_n where_o they_o be_v first_o sow_v they_o will_v be_v much_o more_o dangerous_a to_o remove_v and_o not_o so_o likely_a to_o thrive_v the_o ground_n they_o love_v be_v a_o deep_a soil_n and_o of_o a_o dry_a nature_n on_o a_o sharp_a gravel_n if_o the_o ground_n be_v shallow_a they_o will_v not_o prosper_v but_o if_o the_o gravel_n be_v mix_v with_o loom_n they_o will_v do_v well_o they_o love_v not_o a_o stiff_a clay_n but_o if_o it_o be_v mix_v natural_o with_o stone_n or_o chalk_n and_o not_o too_o shallow_a than_o they_o will_v thrive_v on_o it_o it_o be_v a_o proper_a tree_n to_o set_v in_o wood_n for_o it_o will_v run_v up_o if_o the_o side-bough_n be_v take_v off_o to_o a_o great_a height_n and_o yield_v very_o good_a timber_n for_o many_o use_v chap._n xv._n of_o raise_v and_o order_v the_o chestnut_n touch_v the_o kind_n of_o this_o nut_n there_o may_v be_v several_a but_o i_o know_v but_o three_o one_o of_o they_o be_v very_o good_a which_o ought_v to_o be_v the_o more_o increase_v for_o the_o time_n of_o gather_v observe_v the_o same_o as_o before_o be_v say_v of_o the_o walnut_n when_o you_o have_v gather_v they_o and_o take_v the_o husk_n off_o lay_v they_o to_o dry_a and_o sweat_n but_o not_o too_o thick_a do_v not_o steep_v they_o in_o water_n as_o some_o advise_v you_o for_o it_o be_v not_o good_a to_o steep_v any_o sort_n of_o seed_n unless_o some_o annual_n and_o to_o steep_v they_o be_v good_a especial_o if_o late_v in_o sow_v but_o to_o steep_a stone_n nut_n or_o seed_n that_o be_v not_o of_o quick_a growth_n water_v they_o may_v kill_v they_o by_o make_v the_o kernel_n swell_v too_o hasty_o and_o so_o crack_v it_o before_o the_o spear_n cause_v it_o or_o it_o may_v mould_n and_o stupefy_v the_o spear_n therefore_o let_v no_o seed_n whatsoever_o that_o be_v not_o quick_a of_o growth_n have_v too_o much_o wet_v at_o first_o you_o must_v put_v your_o chestnut_n then_o in_o sand_n a_o little_a moist_a about_o the_o beginning_n or_o middle_n of_o november_n make_v it_o a_o little_o moist_a about_o the_o begin_n of_o january_n and_o at_o the_o latter_a end_n or_o beginning_n of_o february_n sow_v they_o on_o bed_n and_o cover_v they_o about_o two_o inch_n or_o you_o may_v set_v they_o by_o a_o line_n as_o you_o set_v bean_n or_o you_o may_v sow_v they_o in_o drill_v as_o bean_n or_o you_o may_v sow_v they_o where_o you_o intend_v they_o shall_v stand_v and_o in_o any_o of_o these_o way_n or_o place_n keep_v they_o clean_o from_o weed_n the_o first_o or_o second_o year_n than_o you_o may_v remove_v they_o into_o your_o nursery_n off_o from_o the_o seed-bed_n prune_v off_o the_o side-bough_n and_o root_n they_o be_v subject_a to_o put_v forth_o many_o side-bough_n near_o the_o ground_n whereby_o they_o may_v be_v increase_v by_o lay_v very_o easy_o to_o do_v which_o see_v chap._n 5._o but_o the_o best_a way_n be_v to_o raise_v they_o of_o nut_n set_a they_o in_o row_v in_o your_o nursery_n and_o order_v they_o as_o be_v show_v of_o the_o walnut_n the_o soil_n they_o love_v be_v such_o as_o the_o walnut_n take_v delight_n to_o grow_v in_o they_o be_v excellent_a to_o set_v in_o coppice_n or_o wood_n the_o timber_n be_v very_o useful_a and_o they_o will_v grow_v to_o be_v large_a for_o under-wood_n if_o the_o tree_n be_v much_o crooked_a fall_v it_o it_o will_v yield_v great_a store_n of_o strong_a shoot_v from_o the_o stem_n some_o of_o which_o it_o will_v be_v convenient_a to_o lay_v whereof_o you_o may_v leave_v some_o lay_v to_o thicken_v the_o place_n and_o other_o to_o plant_v where_o you_o please_v and_o may_v have_v great_a shoot_v from_o the_o stem_n for_o several_a use_v also_o chap._n xvi_o of_o raise_v and_o order_v the_o sarvice-tree_n as_o for_o the_o kind_n of_o the_o sarvice_n they_o may_v be_v many_o there_o be_v one_o who_o fruit_n be_v much_o better_a than_o the_o other_o but_o whether_o it_o be_v the_o ground_n make_v it_o so_o i_o can_v positive_o say_v we_o have_v they_o grow_v at_o hadham_n on_o very_o stiff_a ground_n the_o tree_n bear_v well_o and_o the_o fruit_n be_v good_a and_o at_o cashiobury_n we_o have_v they_o on_o a_o sharp_a gravel_n the_o fruit_n naught_o and_o the_o tree_n bear_v very_o bad_o it_o may_v be_v raise_v of_o the_o seed_n or_o stone_n that_o be_v in_o the_o berry_n which_o when_o they_o be_v rot_v be_v then_o ripe_a that_o be_v about_o the_o latter_a end_n of_o september_n or_o beginning_n of_o october_n eat_v off_o the_o fleshy_a part_n or_o rub_v it_o off_o by_o roll_v they_o in_o sand_n then_o dry_v they_o in_o the_o open_a air_n and_o keep_v they_o in_o moist_a sand_n till_o the_o beginning_n of_o january_n then_o sow_v they_o on_o moist_a ground_n or_o in_o the_o shade_n keep_v they_o from_o weed_n then_o let_v they_o stand_v two_o or_o three_o year_n and_o then_o
plant_v they_o in_o your_o nursery_n as_o you_o be_v direct_v for_o walnut-tree_n there_o keep_v they_o with_o dig_v and_o prune_v till_o they_o be_v fit_a of_o stature_n to_o plant_v out_o they_o grow_v in_o good_a shape_n and_o last_v long_o it_o be_v a_o fine_a tree_n for_o walk_n it_o like_v best_a a_o strong_a ground_n but_o let_v it_o be_v good_a and_o there_o they_o will_v bear_v store_n of_o fruit_n and_o grow_v to_o be_v large_a fine_a tree_n they_o be_v very_o subject_a to_o put_v forth_o sucker_n by_o which_o they_o be_v easy_o increase_v from_o the_o root_n of_o the_o mother-tree_n but_o how_o to_o do_v that_o see_v chapt._n 7._o there_o you_o may_v be_v full_o satisfy_v how_o to_o raise_v they_o when_o you_o have_v get_v they_o to_o five_o or_o six_o foot_n high_a bud_v they_o they_o will_v bear_v soon_o more_o and_o better_o etc._n etc._n chap._n xvii_o of_o raise_v and_o order_v the_o cherrytree_n i_o know_v many_o will_v say_v that_o it_o be_v not_o proper_a to_o rank_v this_o among_o forrest-tree_n but_o if_o such_o do_v but_o see_v the_o fine_a stately_a tree_n that_o we_o have_v grow_v in_o the_o wood_n at_o cashiobury_n they_o will_v then_o conclude_v it_o proper_a for_o wood_n and_o if_o for_o wood_n then_o for_o forest_n where_o they_o like_v the_o ground_n they_o make_v a_o glorious_a show_n in_o the_o spring_n their_o white_a blossom_n show_v at_o a_o distance_n as_o though_o they_o be_v clothe_v with_o fine_a white_a linen_n their_o blossom_n be_v a_o great_a relief_n to_o the_o industrious_a bee_n at_o that_o season_n the_o way_n to_o raise_v and_o order_v they_o be_v as_o follow_v and_o first_o you_o must_v know_v that_o the_o best_a way_n to_o raise_v they_o be_v of_o stone_n let_v your_o cherry_n be_v very_o ripe_a for_o the_o ripe_a your_o cherry_n be_v or_o any_o other_o fruit_n the_o plump_a and_o better_a be_v the_o kernel_n the_o time_n they_o be_v ripe_a be_v according_a to_o the_o kind_n but_o it_o be_v the_o black_a cherry_n which_o grow_v common_a in_o wood_n and_o hedge_n about_o cashiobury_n which_o be_v the_o tree_n fit_v for_o wood_n and_o therefore_o how_o to_o raise_v it_o i_o shall_v show_v though_o there_o be_v much_o difference_n in_o these_o also_o for_o we_o have_v some_o full_a as_o large_a and_o good_a as_o the_o corowne_n and_o at_o a_o place_n call_v red-heath_n at_o one_o mr._n baldwin_n they_o have_v some_o sort_v not_o inferior_a to_o the_o black_a orleans_n which_o be_v produce_v natural_o from_o the_o stone_n without_o bud_a or_o graft_v or_o any_o other_o help_v but_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o ground_n which_o indeed_o be_v very_o natural_a to_o they_o they_o be_v ripe_a in_o july_n and_o the_o large_a sort_n be_v ripe_a late_a the_o fowl_n of_o the_o air_n will_v give_v you_o notice_n of_o their_o time_n of_o be_v ripe_a by_o their_o visit_v they_o which_o be_v as_o so_o many_o messenger_n to_o awaken_v the_o industrious_a to_o take_v care_n in_o time_n to_o preserve_v they_o and_o to_o the_o careless_a man_n and_o sluggard_n to_o take_v that_o away_o from_o he_o which_o he_o will_v not_o take_v care_n of_o for_o as_o the_o wise_a of_o man_n say_v prov._n 20._o the_o sluggard_n will_v not_o plough_v by_o reason_n of_o cold_a therefore_o shall_v he_o beg_v in_o harvest_n so_o he_o that_o will_v not_o take_v care_n in_o time_n shall_v want_v when_o other_o have_v but_o we_o have_v such_o store_n that_o what_o the_o jackdaw_n jay_n mag-py_n etc._n etc._n eat_v they_o be_v not_o miss_v with_o we_o and_o though_o the_o fowl_n do_v begin_v to_o eat_v they_o as_o soon_o as_o they_o turn_v blackish_a yet_o nature_n have_v tie_v they_o on_o so_o fast_o to_o the_o stalk_n that_o they_o can_v but_o take_v off_o part_n of_o the_o flesh_n and_o leave_v the_o stone_n and_o rest_n to_o feed_v the_o kernel_n for_o the_o wonderful_a wise_a god_n have_v order_v most_o sort_n of_o fruit_n so_o that_o some_o by_o their_o bitter_a sour_a or_o other_o taste_v be_v so_o well_o defend_v that_o neither_o bird_n nor_o beast_n will_v touch_v they_o till_o the_o kernel_n be_v ripe_a or_o near_o it_o and_o then_o the_o fleshy_a part_n and_o kernel_n also_o be_v please_v to_o their_o palate_n when_o the_o fruit_n be_v ripe_a gather_v they_o and_o have_v the_o fleshy_a part_n eat_v off_o or_o take_v off_o by_o roll_v they_o in_o sand_n that_o be_v dry_a with_o some_o heavy_a plank_n upon_o they_o draw_v it_o too_o and_o again_o to_o take_v off_o the_o flesh_n when_o you_o have_v so_o do_v dry_v they_o for_o three_o or_o four_o day_n than_o put_v they_o into_o pretty_a moist_a sand_n and_o so_o keep_v they_o till_o the_o beginning_n of_o february_n in_o house_n and_o then_o sow_v they_o in_o a_o bed_n of_o light_n gravelly_a mould_n if_o your_o bed_n be_v not_o natural_o so_o make_v it_o so_o keep_v they_o clean_o from_o weed_n for_o two_o year_n and_o then_o you_o may_v plant_v they_o in_o wood_n coppice_n hedge-rowe_n etc._n etc._n or_o in_o your_o nursery_n to_o raise_v other_o kind_n of_o or_o there_o to_o stand_v till_o they_o be_v fit_a for_o walk_n for_o where_o the_o ground_n be_v natural_a they_o be_v very_o proper_a for_o walk_n the_o ground_n they_o like_v be_v a_o dry_a soil_n the_o bottom_n gravel_n the_o surface_n mix_v with_o loom_n or_o you_o may_v sow_v they_o on_o bed_n as_o soon_o as_o you_o have_v take_v the_o flesh_n off_o and_o they_o will_v do_v very_o well_o and_o come_v up_o the_o spring_n follow_v and_o then_o you_o may_v plant_v they_o at_o two_o year_n shoot_v where_o you_o please_v but_o if_o you_o keep_v they_o too_o long_o out_o of_o the_o ground_n before_o you_o sow_v they_o they_o will_v lie_v two_o winter_n in_o the_o ground_n before_o they_o come_v up_o note_v this_o that_o all_o sort_n of_o stone-fruit_n will_v be_v commit_v to_o the_o earth_n as_o soon_o as_o the_o fruit_n be_v ripe_a the_o flesh_n take_v off_o and_o the_o stone_n a_o little_a dry_a for_o all_o sort_n of_o stone-fruit_n if_o well_o keep_v and_o sow_v or_o set_v in_o time_n will_v come_v up_o the_o spring_n after_o but_o if_o you_o keep_v they_o too_o long_o out_o of_o the_o ground_n they_o then_o will_v stay_v till_o the_o second_o spring_n and_o sometime_o never_o come_v up_o at_o all_o at_o any_o time_n when_o you_o remove_v a_o young_a cherrytree_n you_o may_v prune_v off_o his_o head_n close_o if_o you_o please_v to_o one_o shoot_v for_o they_o natural_o grow_v taper_n and_o straight_o they_o be_v subject_a to_o increase_v from_o the_o root_n of_o another_o tree_n but_o if_o you_o will_v help_v nature_n in_o raise_v of_o they_o that_o way_n see_v chap._n 7._o it_o be_v a_o good_a wood_n to_o plant_v in_o coppice_n for_o it_o produce_v a_o strong_a shoot_n and_o it_o be_v like_o the_o elm_n apt_a to_o put_v forth_o several_a young_a tree_n from_o the_o root_n of_o other_o tree_n but_o especial_o if_o you_o fall_v a_o tree_n that_o be_v not_o too_o old_a and_o it_o be_v in_o a_o light_a ground_n for_o than_o it_o will_v bring_v many_o from_o the_o root_n of_o one_o tree_n and_o so_o thicken_v your_o wood_n much_o it_o produce_v great_a tree_n in_o a_o light_a ground_n that_o be_v the_o soil_v it_o like_v but_o in_o a_o stiff_a cold_a ground_n it_o be_v not_o so_o ready_a to_o grow_v nor_o bring_v such_o fine_a high_a taper-tree_n nor_o increase_v so_o from_o the_o root_n as_o it_o will_v on_o light_a ground_n once_o i_o measure_v a_o cherrytree_n in_o cashiobury_n wood-walk_a first_o by_o the_o quadrant_n and_o so_o i_o find_v it_o 85_o foot_n high_a but_o for_o more_o exactness_n be_v the_o tree_n lean_v by_o reason_n of_o another_o which_o be_v blow_v upon_o it_o by_o a_o high_a wind_n i_o see_v it_o measure_v by_o a_o line_n let_v from_o the_o top-shoot_a to_o the_o ground_n and_o it_o be_v 85_o foot_n five_o inch_n therefore_o i_o think_v such_o tree_n as_o this_o may_v well_o be_v account_v among_o forrest-tree_n when_o you_o transplant_v young_a cherry_n tree_n do_v not_o set_v they_o too_o deep_a nor_o indeed_o no_o other_o sort_n of_o tree_n but_o especial_o those_o that_o natural_o run_v shallow_a as_o all_o sort_n do_v that_o be_v subject_a to_o put_v forth_o young_a tree_n from_o their_o root_n such_o be_v the_o elm_n abele_n sarvice_n cherry_n etc._n etc._n this_o tree_n be_v want_v in_o several_a part_n of_o this_o land_n but_o you_o that_o want_v it_o i_o will_v counsel_v you_o to_o get_v it_o as_o soon_o as_o your_o ground_n be_v convenient_a for_o it_o chap._n xviii_o of_o raise_v and_o order_v the_o linetree_n this_o tree_n be_v call_v by_o most_o herbal_n the_o linetree_n or_o linden_n but_o
lay_v your_o hedge_n pretty_a thick_a turn_v the_o beard_n on_o the_o ditch-side_n but_o do_v not_o let_v the_o beard_n hang_v uncut_v as_o the_o common_a workman_n do_v though_o it_o do_v make_v a_o good_a show_n at_o first_o make_v but_o cut_v off_o all_o the_o straggle_a bough_n within_o half_a a_o foot_n of_o the_o hedge_n on_o both_o side_n then_o will_v it_o shoot_v strong_a at_o these_o place_n and_o thicken_v your_o hedge_n much_o the_o more_o of_o this_o reason_n may_v inform_v you_o as_o it_o do_v i_o and_o experience_n will_v afterward_o confirm_v it_o five_o if_o you_o have_v get_v a_o good_a high_a bank_n make_v your_o hedge_n so_o low_a as_o you_o think_v it_o may_v but_o just_o serve_v for_o fence_v the_o first_o year_n for_o it_o will_v soon_o grow_v high_a and_o the_o low_a your_o hedge_n be_v make_v the_o quick_a will_v grow_v the_o better_a and_o the_o bottom_n will_v be_v the_o thick_a but_o take_v care_n to_o keep_v out_o cattle_n from_o the_o field-side_n the_o first_o year_n after_o it_o be_v make_v six_o if_o you_o will_v have_v a_o good_a hedge_n for_o fence_n you_o must_v fell_v it_o often_o do_v as_o be_v aforesaid_a and_o take_v care_n at_o every_o fell_n to_o root_n out_o elder_a traveller_n joy_n that_o be_v bull-bine_a as_o some_o call_v it_o briany_n etc._n etc._n and_o also_o leave_v not_o too_o many_o high_a standard-tree_n or_o pollard_n in_o it_o the_o elm_n be_v one_o of_o the_o best_a do_v not_o use_v too_o much_o dead_a wood_n in_o the_o bottom_n of_o your_o hedge_n for_o that_o choke_v your_o quick_a but_o if_o you_o have_v a_o gap_n make_v your_o dead_a hedge_n at_o a_o distance_n much_o more_o i_o can_v say_v of_o hedge_n but_o i_o forbear_v only_o i_o can_v pass_v by_o the_o learned_a esquire_n good_a advice_n in_o his_o discourse_n of_o forrest-tree_n pag._n 50._o which_o be_v this_o i_o do_v only_o wish_v upon_o the_o prospect_n and_o meditation_n of_o the_o universal_a benefit_n that_o every_o person_n whatsoever_o worth_a ten_o pound_n per_fw-la annum_fw-la within_o his_o majesty_n dominion_n be_v by_o some_o indispensable_a statute_n oblige_v to_o plant_v his_o hedge-rowe_n with_o the_o best_a and_o most_o useful_a kind_n of_o they_o especial_o in_o such_o place_n of_o the_o nation_n as_o be_v the_o more_o inland_a county_n thus_o far_o the_o learned_a author_n to_o which_o i_o add_v that_o if_o they_o do_v not_o plant_v so_o many_o tree_n and_o keep_v such_o a_o number_n plant_v they_o shall_v be_v compel_v to_o plant_v ten_o crab-stock_n for_o the_o want_n of_o one_o tree_n etc._n etc._n if_o this_o be_v but_o as_o much_o in_o use_n with_o we_o as_o it_o in_o hereford-shire_n and_o once_o grow_v to_o a_o custom_n we_o shall_v in_o few_o year_n banish_v out_o foreign_a drink_n by_o this_o our_o excellent_a and_o most_o wholesome_a one_o beside_o our_o tree_n in_o shallow_a ground_n will_v thrive_v better_o in_o bank_n of_o hedge-rowe_n than_o in_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o ground_n again_o say_v he_o undoubted_o if_o this_o course_n be_v effectual_o take_v a_o very_a considerable_a part_n both_o of_o meat_n and_o drink_v which_o be_v spend_v in_o our_o prejudice_n may_v be_v save_v by_o the_o countrypeople_n even_o out_o of_o the_o hedge_n which_o will_v afford_v they_o not_o only_o the_o pleasure_n and_o profit_n of_o their_o delicious_a fruit_n but_o such_o abundance_n of_o cider_n and_o perry_n as_o shall_v suffice_v they_o to_o drink_v of_o one_o of_o the_o most_o wholesome_a and_o excellent_a beaverage_n in_o the_o world_n old_a gerrard_n do_v long_o since_o allege_v we_o a_o example_n worthy_a to_o be_v pursue_v i_o have_v see_v say_v he_o speak_v of_o appletree_n lib._n 3._o ch_n 101._o in_o the_o pasture_n and_o hedge-rowe_n about_o the_o ground_n of_o a_o worshipful_a gentleman_n dwell_v two_o mile_n from_o hereford_n call_v mr._n roger_n bodnome_n so_o many_o fruit-tree_n of_o all_o sort_n that_o the_o servant_n drink_v for_o the_o most_o part_n no_o other_o drink_v but_o that_o which_o be_v make_v of_o apple_n the_o quantity_n be_v such_o that_o by_o the_o report_n of_o the_o gentleman_n himself_o the_o parson_n have_v for_o tithe_n many_o hogshead_n of_o cider_n a_o example_n doubtless_o to_o be_v follow_v of_o gentleman_n that_o have_v land_n but_o envy_n say_v the_o poor_a will_v break_v down_o our_o hedge_n and_o we_o shall_v have_v the_o least_o part_n of_o the_o fruit_n however_o i_o advise_v you_o to_o go_v forward_o in_o the_o name_n of_o god_n graft_n set_v plant_v and_o nourish_v up_o tree_n every_o corner_n of_o your_o ground_n the_o labour_n be_v small_a the_o cost_n be_v nothing_o the_o commodity_n be_v great_a yourselves_o shall_v have_v plenty_n the_o poor_a shall_v have_v somewhat_o in_o time_n of_o want_n to_o relieve_v their_o necessity_n and_o god_n shall_v reward_v your_o mind_n and_o diligence_n thus_o far_o honest_a gerard._n and_o in_o truth_n with_o how_o small_a charge_n and_o with_o how_o great_a pleasure_n this_o be_v to_o be_v effect_v every_o one_o that_o be_v patron_n of_o a_o little_a nursery_n can_v easy_o calculate_v but_o by_o this_o expedient_a many_o thousand_o of_o acre_n sow_v now_o with_o barley_n may_v be_v cultivate_v for_o wheat_n or_o convert_v into_o pasture_n to_o the_o increase_n of_o corn_n and_o cattle_n beside_o the_o timber_n which_o the_o pear-tree_n do_v afford_v comparable_a for_o divers_a curious_a use_n with_o most_o this_o also_o will_v make_v timber_n the_o more_o plentiful_a the_o decay_a tree_n and_o prune_a will_v be_v good_a firewood_n one_o thing_n more_o i_o do_v wish_n be_v practise_v in_o our_o hedge_n and_o those_o fine_v severe_o that_o do_v not_o observe_v it_o viz._n that_o there_o shall_v not_o a_o oak_n in_o any_o hedge_n whatsoever_o be_v head_v but_o that_o the_o owner_n may_v have_v liberty_n to_o shred_v they_o up_o as_o some_o do_v elm_n though_o not_o to_o stock_n or_o fall_v they_o till_o such_o a_o age_n in_o such_o bank_n we_o shall_v have_v the_o best_a timber_n and_o enrich_v the_o owner_n etc._n etc._n chap._n xxxiii_o of_o plant_v several_a sort_n of_o forrest-tree_n in_o order_n to_o make_v the_o best_a advantage_n of_o ground_n as_o orchard_n or_o the_o like_a suppose_v you_o be_v to_o plant_v one_o acre_n of_o ground_n or_o more_o with_o walnut_n or_o chestnut_n or_o the_o like_a and_o will_v have_v it_o plant_v to_o the_o best_a advantage_n that_o be_v to_o have_v your_o tree_n stand_v in_o good_a order_n to_o the_o eye_n and_o to_o have_v as_o many_o tree_n as_o convenient_o you_o can_v in_o your_o ground_n which_o be_v suppose_v all_o man_n will_v have_v and_o yet_o your_o tree_n to_o stand_v at_o convenient_a distance_n now_o i_o say_v suppose_v your_o ground_n to_o be_v one_o acre_n and_o a_o geometrical_a square_n in_o such_o a_o ground_n you_o may_v begin_v your_o first_o row_n on_o which_o side_n you_o please_v to_o stake_v out_o your_o ground_n for_o the_o hole_n to_o be_v make_v you_o must_v first_o resolve_v what_o distance_n your_o tree_n have_v best_o be_v plant_v at_o remember_v that_o if_o your_o ground_n be_v good_a and_o a_o deep_a ground_n than_o you_o may_v plant_v your_o tree_n at_o somewhat_o the_o great_a distance_n of_o the_o ground_n that_o most_o tree_n delight_v in_o you_o may_v see_v in_o the_o particular_a chapter_n speak_v of_o each_o kind_a your_o best_a way_n be_v to_o plant_v they_o triangular_a and_o not_o square_a as_o some_o do_v for_o you_o can_v plant_v they_o in_o no_o form_n or_o order_v whatsoever_o to_o be_v more_o please_v to_o the_o most_o noble_a sense_n than_o to_o have_v every_o three_o tree_n to_o make_v a_o equilateral_a triangle_n nor_o in_o no_o other_o way_n whatsoever_o to_o have_v so_o many_o tree_n to_o stand_v in_o such_o or_o any_o piece_n of_o ground_n whatsoever_o at_o such_o a_o distance_n for_o satisfaction_n and_o likewise_o to_o demonstrate_v it_o more_o full_o observe_v these_o two_o follow_a figure_n of_o the_o aforesaid_a piece_n of_o ground_n which_o be_v one_o acre_n and_o be_v a_o geometrical_a square_n but_o before_o i_o show_v you_o a_o draft_n or_o you_o stake_n out_o your_o ground_n for_o your_o hole_n to_o be_v make_v first_o consider_v well_o these_o few_o rule_n first_o observe_v the_o distance_n that_o your_o tree_n ought_v to_o be_v plant_v at_o always_o remember_v that_o if_o your_o ground_n be_v good_a and_o a_o deep_a soil_n that_o then_o your_o tree_n will_v hold_v the_o long_o and_o by_o consequence_n grow_v to_o the_o great_a perfection_n therefore_o plant_v at_o large_a distance_n as_o for_o example_n if_o i_o be_v to_o plant_v this_o acre_n of_o ground_n with_o syder-apple_n as_o for_o instance_n all_o redstrakes_a which_o be_v a_o excellent_a syder-apple_n and_o be_v likewise_o
a_o mile_n two_o tree_n as_o at_o figure_n 2_o be_v ½_o a_o mile_n three_o tree_n as_o at_o figure_n 3_o be_v ¾_n of_o a_o mile_n see_v fig._n 21._o though_o the_o figure_n do_v not_o show_v well_o because_o the_o smallness_n of_o the_o paper_n will_v not_o allow_v room_n to_o draw_v the_o distance_n of_o mile_n as_o the_o tree_n be_v according_a to_o scale_n though_o my_o scale_n be_v here_o for_o the_o distance_n of_o the_o tree_n 160_o foot_n for_o one_o inch_n yet_o i_o presume_v where_o this_o be_v real_o act_v in_o walk_n it_o will_v do_v well_o i_o here_o begin_v at_o the_o centre-tree_n in_o the_o semicircle_n and_o in_o the_o right-hand_a row_n show_v how_o the_o ¾_n of_o the_o mile_n may_v be_v set_v out_o and_o show_v by_o the_o semicircle_n on_o the_o side_n at_o the_o other_o end_n i_o begin_v at_o the_o centre_n of_o the_o circle_n and_o so_o show_v the_o ¼_n ½_o and_o ¾_n how_o they_o may_v be_v set_v out_o on_o the_o other_o side_n or_o if_o you_o please_v you_o may_v have_v a_o tree_n in_o the_o mid-line_n of_o your_o walk_n at_o every_o quarter_n of_o a_o mile_n with_o a_o circle_n to_o break_v round_o that_o tree_n three_o time_n the_o breadth_n of_o the_o walk_n which_o tree_n must_v be_v prune_v up_o high_a or_o else_o it_o will_v hinder_v the_o prospect_n of_o your_o walk_n i_o fancy_n the_o other_o way_n be_v best_a as_o let_v a_o tree_n stand_v at_o every_o ¼_n of_o a_o mile_n as_o you_o see_v in_o the_o figure_n see_v fig._n 22._o thus_o have_v show_v you_o how_o walk_n may_v end_v in_o circle_n or_o semicircle_n i_o shall_v now_o show_v how_o walk_n may_v end_v or_o come_v into_o a_o oval_a and_o how_o it_o sometime_o happen_v that_o a_o oval_a be_v the_o best_a figure_n that_o walk_n can_v end_n in_o if_o three_o walk_n meet_v acute_o at_o one_o place_n than_o it_o will_v be_v necessary_a to_o have_v the_o mid-line_n of_o the_o three_o walk_n meet_v at_o a_o tree_n in_o the_o side_n of_o a_o oval_a for_o if_o you_o make_v that_o point_n the_o centre_n of_o a_o circle_n it_o will_v be_v too_o large_a it_o be_v possible_o large_a than_o your_o ground_n will_v permit_v as_o at_o cashiobury_n where_o the_o three_o walk_n meet_v by_o hemsted_n highway_n for_o if_o i_o have_v make_v the_o circle_n from_o the_o aforesaid_a centre_n and_o make_v the_o semi-di3amete_a so_o large_a as_o to_o have_v in_o the_o circumference_n the_o two_o tree_n mark_v a._n a._n which_o range_v for_o both_o walk_n than_o will_v this_o circle_n have_v be_v too_o great_a and_o beside_o can_v not_o be_v make_v within_o the_o pale_a now_o i_o have_v order_n from_o my_o lord_n that_o the_o mid-line_n of_o these_o three_o walk_n shall_v meet_v at_o a_o tree_n as_o in_o fig._n 23._o they_o do_v at_o b._n and_o that_o i_o shall_v make_v the_o figure_n so_o large_a as_o that_o the_o wood_n which_o be_v between_o the_o middle-walk_a and_o the_o two_o outside_n walk_n shall_v end_v at_o a_o tree_n which_o shall_v stand_v exact_o in_o the_o range_v of_o tree_n for_o the_o middle-walk_a and_o also_o for_o the_o inside_n row_v of_o the_o two_o out-walks_a by_o consider_v i_o find_v the_o oval_a to_o suit_n best_o with_o this_o ground_n so_o i_o have_v these_o two_o tree_n as_o at_o a._n a._n and_o the_o point_v as_o at_o b._n which_o i_o take_v for_o the_o breadth_n of_o the_o oval_a according_o i_o make_v it_o see_v the_o figure_n length_n of_o the_o oval_a be_v 205_o foot_n breadth_n 124_o foot_n middle-walk_a 50_o foot_n the_o side-walks_a each_o 40_o foot_n wide_a have_v wood_n between_o the_o walk_n and_o round_o the_o oval_a see_v fig._n 23._o now_o have_v the_o two_o tree_n as_o at_o a_o a._n and_o the_o centre-tree_n of_o the_o three_o walk_n b._n from_o the_o mid-line_n of_o the_o middle-walk_a and_o in_o the_o middle_n of_o that_o line_n between_o a_o a._n and_o b._n draw_v a_o perpendicular_a line_n which_o show_v the_o length_n of_o the_o oval_a at_o each_o end_v set_v a_o tree_n as_o c._n c._n then_o divide_v the_o distance_n between_o the_o centre-tree_n at_o b._n and_o the_o end-tree_n at_o c._n c._n which_o let_v be_v at_o such_o a_o distance_n as_o may_v best_o suit_v with_o the_o six_o tree_n between_o d._n and_o c._n on_o each_o side_n here_o the_o tree_n between_o b._n and_o c._n be_v ten_o foot_n ten_o inch_n distance_n and_o the_o tree_n between_o d._n and_o c._n be_v 10_o foot_n 9_o inch_n distance_n let_v always_o the_o tree_n that_o make_v either_o oval_a or_o circle_n stand_v pretty_a nigh_o they_o show_v this_o or_o any_o other_o figure_n the_o better_a for_o this_o no_o certain_a distance_n can_v be_v give_v but_o they_o must_v be_v set_v at_o such_o a_o distance_n as_o the_o arch-line_n can_v be_v divide_v into_o etc._n etc._n i_o shall_v show_v you_o how_o to_o know_v the_o length_n of_o a_o arch-line_n and_o how_o to_o make_v a_o oval_a or_o other_o figure_n hereafter_o this_o oval_a and_o walk_n be_v surround_v with_o wood_n and_o also_o between_o the_o walk_n end_v at_o a_o tree_n as_o at_o a_o a._n you_o may_v make_v broad_a at_o your_o pleasure_n or_o you_o may_v alter_v the_o oval_a in_o shape_n or_o bigness_n as_o your_o ground_n and_o fancy_n shall_v direct_v you_o your_o oval_n may_v be_v surround_v with_o a_o double_a or_o treble_a row_n of_o tree_n if_o you_o fancy_n it_o and_o indeed_o if_o it_o be_v in_o a_o place_n where_o it_o be_v not_o encompass_v with_o wood_n it_o be_v very_o proper_a a_o oval_a or_o a_o circle_n be_v very_o good_a figure_n for_o pond_n though_o they_o be_v not_o in_o use_n now_o for_o make_v walk_n to_o end_v in_o a_o triangle_n this_o may_v be_v several_a way_n according_a to_o your_o fancy_n or_o ground_n but_o i_o confess_v i_o never_o yet_o see_v or_o hear_v of_o any_o walk_n in_o england_n or_o elsewhere_o that_o end_v in_o such_o a_o figure_n but_o why_o may_v not_o the_o best_a of_o figure_n be_v neglect_v by_o the_o ingenious_a survey_n or_o both_o at_o home_n and_o abroad_o as_o well_o as_o we_o see_v many_o excellent_a thing_n know_v to_o several_a ingenious_a man_n which_o be_v practise_v by_o few_o have_v make_v at_o the_o end_n of_o walk_n semicircle_n circle_n and_o oval_n of_o several_a sort_n and_o notwithstanding_o that_o i_o have_v at_o the_o end_n of_o the_o three_o walk_n that_o go_v from_o the_o garden_n to_o the_o bowling-green_n that_o end_n next_o the_o garden_n a_o figure_n give_v i_o by_o a_o worthy_a person_n but_o how_o proper_a for_o that_o place_n i_o shall_v not_o now_o speak_v i_o nevertheless_o neglect_v that_o and_o make_v the_o triangle_n as_o be_v show_v by_o figure_n 24._o the_o tree_n i_o set_v the_o close_o because_o this_o be_v a_o front_n of_o the_o house_n intend_v to_o be_v hide_v at_o a_o distance_n all_o but_o the_o breadth_n of_o the_o walk_n therefore_o i_o choose_v this_o figure_n as_o much_o proper_a for_o such_o a_o design_n see_v fig._n 24._o this_o line_n according_a to_o scale_n be_v the_o length_n of_o the_o garden-walk_a the_o break_v in_o the_o middle_n against_o the_o great_a walk_n be_v a_o grate_n which_o be_v intend_v to_o front_v it_o this_o figure_n may_v be_v much_o improve_v if_o it_o be_v make_v a_o little_o large_a so_o that_o the_o inner_a row_n of_o the_o triangle_n may_v range_v a_o little_a without_o the_o end_n of_o the_o garden_n wall_n and_o at_o that_o end_n a_o walk_n to_o take_v it_o to_o go_v by_o the_o garden-side_n so_o may_v you_o have_v a_o convenient_a by-way_n without_o the_o wall_n from_o the_o 20_o foot_n walk_v along_o either_o walk_n of_o the_o triangle_n to_o the_o walk_n by_o the_o garden-side_n etc._n etc._n there_o be_v several_a other_o sort_n of_o triangle_n proper_a for_o walk_n to_o end_v in_o but_o for_o shade_n i_o prefer_v this_o or_o the_o next_o follow_v if_o you_o will_v have_v the_o tree_n to_o show_v the_o shape_n of_o their_o head_n than_o a_o single_a row_n be_v best_a as_o the_o out-row_n of_o the_o triangle-walk_a see_v fig._n 25._o for_o a_o court_n you_o will_v have_v shade_v with_o tree_n this_o figure_n will_v do_v well_o in_o this_o last_o figure_n you_o may_v let_v the_o little_a walk_n end_n parallel_n with_o the_o wall_n and_o have_v no_o walk_n by_o the_o side-wall_n or_o you_o may_v make_v only_o one_o walk_n on_o each_o side_n as_o for_o make_v of_o the_o triangle_n at_o the_o end_n of_o your_o walk_n it_o may_v be_v analogical_o according_a to_o your_o ground_n though_o these_o two_o be_v make_v obtuse_a the_o perpendicular_a half_n the_o length_n of_o the_o base_a there_o be_v several_a sort_n of_o triangle_n or_o triangular_a figure_n
up_o your_o instrument_n be_v it_o water-level_n or_o ground-level_n with_o sight_n and_o when_o you_o have_v place_v it_o so_o high_a as_o you_o may_v see_v over_o the_o high_a part_n of_o the_o ground_n as_o half_a a_o foot_n or_o a_o foot_n than_o set_v a_o stake_n in_o the_o middle_n the_o top_n exact_o level_a with_o the_o sight_n and_o one_o on_o the_o high_a side_n the_o top_n level_v with_o the_o middle_a stake_n then_o turn_v the_o level_n or_o lood_n back_o sight_n and_o set_v one_o level_v with_o these_o two_o on_o the_o low_a ground_n so_o have_v you_o three_o stake_n in_o line_n level_a keep_v your_o level_n true_a to_o your_o middle-stake_n and_o turn_v your_o level_n till_o it_o make_v right-angle_n with_o these_o three_o stake_n and_o set_v up_o two_o stake_n at_o each_o side_n one_o level_v with_o those_o three_o so_o have_v you_o five_o stake_n set_v true_a level_n in_o two_o line_n and_o if_o your_o ground_n be_v large_a you_o may_v set_v up_o two_o row_v more_o by_o the_o level_n but_o in_o small_a ground_n 5_o stake_n be_v enough_o then_o may_v you_o lay_v by_o your_o level_n and_o look_v over_o the_o head_n of_o one_o to_o the_o head_n of_o another_o cause_n your_o assistant_n to_o put_v down_o stake_n between_o two_o and_o two_o till_o you_o have_v set_v as_o many_o stake_n level_v in_o your_o ground_n as_o you_o think_v convenient_a or_o you_o may_v have_v a_o rule_n and_o look_v over_o the_o edge_n of_o that_o it_o be_v level_a with_o the_o head_n of_o the_o stake_n to_o the_o head_n of_o the_o other_o and_o put_v stake_n down_o between_o you_o and_o the_o other_o stake_n what_o number_v you_o please_v thus_o have_v stake_v out_o your_o ground_n with_o all_o the_o stake_n head_n level_a and_o half_a a_o foot_n high_o than_o the_o high_a part_n of_o your_o ground_n in_o some_o ground_n the_o middle-stake_n and_o the_o stake_n in_o the_o cross-line_n will_v be_v the_o level-line_n the_o ground_n must_v be_v bring_v to_o that_o be_v abate_v the_o hill_n and_o fill_v up_o the_o low-side_n to_o the_o level_n of_o the_o mid-line_n but_o if_o your_o ground_n be_v very_o uneven_a than_o you_o must_v measure_v over_o all_o the_o stake_n and_o take_v they_o middle-high_a for_o their_o mean_a level_n and_o by_o the_o rule_n of_o three_o proportion_n your_o ground_n to_o that_o suppose_v a_o valley_n be_v 10_o pole_n long_o and_o two_o foot_n deep_a from_o the_o straight_a line_n and_o there_o be_v a_o hill_n 5_o pole_n long_o how_o many_o foot_n deep_o must_v i_o go_v in_o that_o 5_o pole_n of_o the_o hill_n to_o fill_v up_o this_o valley_n this_o may_v be_v answer_v by_o the_o rule_n of_o three_o inverse_n or_o back_o rule_n of_o three_o the_o rule_n order_v itself_o thus_o as_o 5_o be_v to_o 2_o so_o be_v 10_o to_o 4_o so_o if_o you_o work_v it_o by_o the_o line_n of_o number_n extend_v your_o compass_n from_o 5_o to_o 2_o that_o same_o extent_n will_v reach_v from_o 10_o to_o 4_o so_o than_o you_o must_v go_v 4_o foot_n deep_a in_o such_o a_o hill_n to_o make_v good_a such_o a_o valley_n as_o be_v before_o say_v suppose_v you_o be_v to_o abutt_o the_o top_n of_o a_o hill_n four_o foot_n deep_a and_o 1._o 2_o pole_n from_o the_o top_n of_o that_o hill_n that_o 4_o foot_n be_v to_o come_v out_o this_o be_v easy_o perform_v though_o a_o leveller_n to_o the_o best_a man_n in_o the_o land_n do_v not_o understand_v it_o set_v up_o a_o stake_n on_o the_o top_n of_o the_o hill_n two_o foot_n or_o three_o foot_n long_o above_o ground_n and_o another_o at_o the_o same_o height_n where_o your_o depth_n come_v out_o three_o rod_n from_o that_o set_v a_o stake_n down_o till_o the_o head_n come_v to_o be_v in_o a_o line_n with_o these_o 2_o and_o at_o that_o stake_n you_o must_v be_v one_o foot_n deep_a at_o 6_o pole_n another_o as_o before_o there_o you_o must_v be_v two_o foot_n deep_a another_o at_o 9_o pole_n there_o you_o must_v sink_v three_o foot_n you_o may_v set_v more_o stake_n at_o equal_a distance_n which_o will_v direct_v you_o that_o you_o can_v go_v amiss_o to_o make_v any_o sloop_n first_o line_n out_o your_o top_n and_o foot_n true_a then_o if_o your_o sloop_n be_v not_o very_o long_o you_o may_v have_v a_o frame_n of_o wood_n make_v according_a to_o your_o sloop_n which_o will_v be_v as_o a_o mould_n to_o try_v your_o work_n by_o two_o foot_n rise_v in_o 6_o foot_n level_n be_v a_o good_a proportion_n for_o a_o sloop_n chap._n lv._o for_o make_v cider_n observe_v these_o rule_n whatsoever_o apple_n you_o make_v your_o cider_n of_o let_v they_o hang_v on_o the_o tree_n until_o they_o be_v through_o ripe_a which_o you_o may_v know_v by_o these_o few_o infallible_a rule_n first_o if_o you_o find_v the_o kernel_n brown_a or_o the_o seed_n rattle_v in_o the_o apple_n as_o in_o some_o they_o will_v or_o if_o you_o see_v they_o begin_v to_o fall_v much_o in_o still_a weather_n or_o if_o you_o find_v they_o to_o handle_v like_o a_o dry_a piece_n of_o wood_n sound_v in_o your_o hand_n if_o you_o toss_v they_o up_o than_o you_o may_v go_v to_o gather_v as_o fast_o as_o you_o please_v so_o your_o fruit_n be_v dry_a observe_v that_o the_o green_a your_o fruit_n be_v the_o sour_a will_v your_o cider_n be_v therefore_o be_v not_o too_o forward_o in_o gather_v for_o gather_v your_o apple_n observe_v these_o direction_n take_v care_n they_o be_v not_o too_o much_o bruise_v for_o your_o bruise_a fruit_n if_o they_o be_v a_o little_a keep_v will_v rot_v and_o give_v your_o cider_n a_o ill_a taste_n and_o a_o high_a brown_a colour_n and_o not_o yield_v so_o well_o for_o your_o bruise_a place_n of_o the_o apple_n if_o it_o do_v not_o immediate_o rot_v the_o juice_n of_o that_o place_n will_v vapour_n forth_o and_o be_v a_o dry_a red_a yield_v little_a taste_n or_o liquor_n but_o sometime_o a_o bad_a taste_n but_o to_o the_o make_n of_o one_o hogshead_n of_o cider_n there_o be_v require_v a_o great_a many_o apple_n as_o if_o they_o be_v good_a yield_a fruit_n and_o not_o too_o long_o keep_v some_o 18_o or_o 20_o bushel_n will_v make_v a_o hogshead_n if_o not_o as_o aforesaid_a then_o 24_o bushel_n or_o more_o to_o one_o hogshead_n therefore_o though_o i_o will_v not_o have_v your_o apple_n too_o much_o bruise_v yet_o i_o will_v not_o advise_v you_o to_o pick_v they_o by_o hand_n but_o you_o may_v lay_v a_o truss_n or_o two_o of_o barley_n straw_n under_o your_o tree_n when_o you_o go_v to_o gather_v they_o and_o on_o that_o lay_v some_o blanket_n or_o the_o like_a according_a to_o the_o bigness_n of_o your_o tree_n thereon_o with_o discretion_n shake_v your_o fruit_n let_v not_o too_o many_o lie_v on_o at_o one_o time_n but_o carry_v they_o to_o the_o place_n where_o you_o intend_v they_o shall_v lie_v till_o you_o grind_v or_o beat_v they_o thus_o you_o may_v remove_v your_o straw_n and_o blanket_n from_o tree_n to_o tree_n as_o your_o pleasure_n be_v now_o for_o keep_v they_o after_o you_o have_v gather_v they_o let_v it_o be_v in_o some_o house_n if_o you_o can_v with_o convenience_n and_o on_o some_o dry_a board_n or_o board_v flower_n but_o if_o it_o be_v a_o earth-flower_n you_o must_v lay_v they_o on_o first_o cover_v it_o with_o good_a dry_a straw_n and_o so_o lay_v they_o on_o that_o for_o if_o you_o lay_v they_o on_o the_o earth_n they_o will_v decay_v fast_o and_o turn_v musty_a before_o they_o have_v do_v sweat_v for_o it_o be_v observe_v that_o which_o be_v best_a to_o preserve_v plant_n be_v the_o quite_o contrary_a to_o keep_v and_o preserve_v fruit_n for_o the_o holy_a scripture_n tell_v plain_a that_o which_o a_o man_n sow_v must_v first_o die_v before_o it_o take_v root_n to_o live_v and_o produce_v its_o kind_n thus_o it_o may_v be_v with_o fruit_n lie_v on_o the_o ground_n where_o the_o secret_a vapour_n of_o the_o earth_n tend_v much_o to_o the_o death_n or_o dissolution_n of_o the_o fleshy_a part_n of_o the_o fruit_n that_o the_o seed_n may_v the_o soon_o be_v at_o liberty_n to_o produce_v its_o like_a in_o its_o several_a kind_n for_o nature_n or_o the_o secret_a provide_v power_n of_o the_o almighty_a be_v at_o all_o time_n and_o in_o all_o place_n actuate_a and_o assist_v every_o species_n to_o produce_v its_o kind_n for_o any_o who_o have_v but_o observe_v the_o walnut_n or_o chestnut_n though_o one_o have_v get_v his_o fur_n gown_n &_o the_o other_o his_o nolimetangere_a cloak_n as_o to_o too_o of_o the_o sense_n yet_o notwithstanding_o when_o they_o be_v able_a to_o shift_v for_o themselves_o as_o i_o may_v say_v than_o how_o willing_o the_o gown_n and_o cloak_n be_v throw_v aside_o to_o
be_v write_v in_o this_o book_n chap._n xxx_o general_a rule_n for_o plant_v forrest-tree_n in_o avenue_n walk_n or_o orchard_n as_o in_o a_o natural_a ground_n first_o as_o to_o the_o ground_n your_o ground_n that_o have_v be_v feed_v for_o many_o year_n winter_n and_o summer_n as_o your_o common_a pasture-ground_n or_o the_o like_a such_o ground_n if_o it_o be_v any_o thing_n good_a be_v the_o best_a the_o next_o be_v your_o meadow-ground_n and_o then_o your_o plough_v land_n if_o your_o land_n be_v of_o soil_n alike_o thus_o i_o prefer_v they_o several_a reason_n may_v be_v give_v for_o this_o but_o i_o shall_v instance_n only_o in_o these_o few_o as_o namely_o your_o ground_n that_o be_v constant_o feed_v have_v likewise_o constant_o a_o supply_n of_o cattle_n dung_n and_o urine_n with_o the_o variety_n of_o kind_n which_o add_v much_o to_o the_o strength_n of_o the_o ground_n and_o likewise_o your_o pasture-ground_n though_o it_o abound_v with_o great_a variety_n of_o herb_n or_o grass_n according_a to_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o ground_n as_o also_o your_o meadow-ground_n do_v yet_o your_o pasture-ground_n have_v not_o only_o a_o constant_a supply_n of_o soil_n by_o one_o sort_n of_o cattle_n or_o other_o but_o the_o grass_n which_o grow_v on_o it_o do_v seldom_o run_v to_o flower_n or_o seed_n which_o when_o they_o do_v they_o draw_v forth_o much_o more_o of_o the_o salt_n or_o spirit_n or_o strength_n of_o the_o earth_n as_o we_o find_v the_o herb_n or_o grass_n on_o meadow-ground_n most_o common_o do_v therefore_o i_o judge_v your_o commons_o the_o best_a and_o both_o common_a field_n ground_n and_o meadow_n better_o than_o constant_a plough_v land_n for_o that_o be_v keep_v with_o plough_v to_o prevent_v what_o natural_o it_o will_v produce_v this_o make_v the_o ground_n the_o better_a for_o it_o be_v certain_a that_o where_o your_o house_n stand_v or_o highway_n be_v there_o the_o earth_n be_v full_a of_o salt_n and_o spirit_n or_o the_o life_n of_o plant_n not_o only_o because_o there_o be_v often_o some_o assistance_n of_o soil_n which_o i_o confess_v make_v it_o much_o rich_a but_o also_o because_o it_o can_v produce_v those_o plant_n which_o natural_o it_o will_v be_v it_o not_o restrain_v for_o still_o it_o receive_v a_o constant_a supply_n from_o nature_n and_o as_o the_o holy_a scripture_n say_v the_o almighty_a cause_v the_o sun_n to_o shine_v on_o the_o unjust_a as_o well_o as_o the_o just_a so_o also_o have_v the_o foresay_a earth_n the_o secret_a influence_n of_o the_o heaven_n as_o well_o as_o any_o other_o unless_o accidental_o prevent_v but_o this_o by_o the_o way_n now_o as_o for_o your_o plough_v land_n it_o be_v grant_v to_o be_v much_o better_a for_o plough_v but_o this_o be_v sow_v with_o annual_a grain_n very_o much_o draw_v out_o the_o strength_n of_o the_o earth_n for_o i_o judge_v that_o your_o annual_n be_v much_o more_o draw_v plant_n than_o those_o which_o will_v last_v several_a year_n it_o be_v in_o my_o judgement_n with_o your_o annual_a plant_n as_o it_o be_v with_o a_o man_n which_o hire_v a_o house_n for_o a_o year_n when_o his_o year_n be_v out_o he_o know_v he_o must_v remove_v clear_v the_o house_n especial_o of_o his_o own_o when_o as_o your_o durable_a vegetable_a like_o a_o man_n who_o house_n be_v his_o own_o be_v favourable_a to_o its_o situation_n have_v a_o kind_n of_o secret_a knowledge_n as_o i_o may_v say_v that_o there_o they_o and_o they_o may_v continue_v many_o year_n if_o this_o be_v understand_v i_o hope_v you_o then_o will_v say_v with_o i_o that_o your_o common_a pasture_n be_v best_a to_o plant_v on_o next_o to_o that_o meadow_n then_o plough_v land_n that_o be_v if_o all_o three_o be_v of_o equal_a goodness_n and_o soil_n chap._n xxxi_o of_o plant_v forrest-tree_n to_o make_v wood_n or_o to_o fill_v up_o naked_a place_n in_o wood_n where_o they_o want_v to_o tell_v some_o man_n of_o plant_v of_o wood_n be_v very_o needless_a for_o there_o be_v too_o many_o man_n more_o incline_v to_o stock_n up_o than_o to_o plant_v they_o but_o i_o suppose_v the_o great_a sort_n of_o man_n and_o i_o be_o sure_a the_o best_a sort_n be_v more_o incline_v to_o preserve_v and_o plant_v than_o to_o destroy_v and_o stock_n they_o up_o to_o those_o than_o that_o love_n either_o their_o country_n or_o themselves_o or_o especial_o their_o posterity_n and_o have_v any_o kindness_n for_o stately_a forrest-tree_n do_v i_o give_v this_o advice_n first_o let_v the_o ground_n be_v of_o what_o soil_n soever_o be_v sure_a to_o plant_v most_o of_o such_o tree_n as_o will_v grow_v best_a on_o that_o soil_n as_o if_o it_o be_v gravel_n than_o beech_n holly_n hasel_n etc._n etc._n if_o mix_v with_o loom_n than_o oak_n ash_n or_o elm_n etc._n etc._n if_o stiff_a than_o ash_n hornbeam_n sycomore_n etc._n etc._n if_o a_o light_a loom_n than_o most_o sort_n and_o withal_o have_v a_o eye_n to_o the_o adjacent_a tree_n and_o which_o sort_n soever_o you_o see_v thrive_v best_o be_v sure_a to_o furnish_v your_o ground_n with_o store_n of_o they_o second_o if_o your_o ground_n be_v moist_a then_o set_v in_o good_a store_n of_o the_o cut_n of_o alder_n willow_n sallow_a especial_o the_o two_o last_o on_o any_o ground_n for_o if_o there_o come_v a_o wet_a spring_n or_o a_o moist_a summer_n many_o of_o they_o will_v grow_v and_o produce_v good_a under-wood_n if_o set_v as_o be_v direct_v in_o the_o 26_o the_o or_o 27_o the_o chapter_n though_o the_o ground_n be_v dry_a and_o a_o gravel-bottom_a yet_o they_o will_v thrive_v and_o produce_v good_a shoot_n in_o a_o little_a time_n as_o i_o have_v find_v true_a at_o cashiobury_n etc._n etc._n three_o if_o you_o be_v mind_v to_o sow_v seed_n than_o you_o must_v prepare_v your_o ground_n with_o a_o good_a tillage_n before_o you_o sow_v your_o seed_n as_o much_o as_o you_o do_v for_o sow_v of_o barley_n and_o have_v all_o your_o seed_n ready_a prepare_v by_o be_v keep_v some_o time_n in_o a_o house_n till_o they_o be_v fit_a to_o spear_n or_o spear_v a_o little_a then_o about_o the_o begin_n of_o february_n sow_v they_o the_o particular_a chapter_n of_o each_o kind_a will_v tell_v you_o how_o long_o it_o be_v before_o they_o will_v spear_n if_o you_o plough_v your_o ground_n into_o great_a ridge_n it_o will_v make_v the_o earth_n lie_v the_o thick_a on_o the_o top_n of_o each_o ridge_n and_o there_o the_o root_n will_v have_v the_o more_o depth_n to_o search_v for_o nourishment_n and_o the_o furrow_n will_v in_o little_a time_n be_v fill_v up_o with_o leave_n which_o when_o rot_v will_v lead_v the_o root_n from_o one_o ridge_n to_o another_o if_o your_o ground_n be_v very_o dry_a then_o plough_v your_o ridge_n cross_v the_o descent_n of_o the_o hill_n not_o to_o drain_v the_o water_n off_o but_o to_o keep_v it_o on_o your_o ground_n and_o if_o your_o ground_n be_v very_o wet_a than_o the_o contrary_n but_o be_v mindful_a to_o sow_v most_o of_o those_o seed_n your_o ground_n be_v most_o natural_o for_o the_o most_o of_o these_o seed_n follow_v may_v be_v sow_v on_o your_o ground_n oak_n ash_n beech_n sycomore_n hornbeam_n crab_n or_o apple_n cherry_n walnut_n chestnut_n holly_n hasel-nut_n maple_n sarvice_n etc._n etc._n which_o of_o these_o you_o find_v be_v not_o natural_a for_o your_o ground_n neglect_v they_o some_o do_v sow_v their_o seed_n with_o a_o crop_n of_o barley_n but_o the_o season_n of_o sow_v of_o barley_n be_v too_o late_o for_o your_o seed_n if_o they_o be_v prepare_v beforehand_o but_o if_o you_o will_v be_v so_o save_v as_o to_o have_v a_o crop_n of_o that_o tillage_n then_o sow_v your_o seed_n with_o oat_n for_o they_o may_v be_v sow_v with_o the_o season_n of_o your_o seed_n do_v not_o sow_v your_o oat_n too_o thick_a and_o they_o may_v do_v well_o but_o the_o best_a way_n for_o your_o seed_n be_v to_o sow_v they_o without_o any_o crop_n of_o corn._n four_o if_o you_o be_v mind_v to_o have_v a_o wood_n soon_o then_o plant_v it_o with_o set_v and_o if_o your_o ground_n be_v a_o good_a natural_a ground_n for_o tree_n than_o you_o may_v make_v only_a hole_n two_o foot_n wide_a and_o as_o much_o deep_a and_o about_o half_a a_o rod_n asunder_o so_o there_o will_v be_v four_o hole_n in_o every_o rod_n square_a but_o for_o fear_v my_o reader_n shall_v be_v at_o a_o stand_v here_o and_o ask_v i_o how_o four_o tree_n may_v stand_v in_o a_o rod_n square_a or_o four_o hole_n make_v in_o a_o rod_n square_a and_o yet_o the_o middle_n be_v each_o half_n a_o rod_n or_o eight_o foot_n and_o ¼_n asunder_o i_o shall_v here_o satisfy_v he_o by_o example_n and_o it_o shall_v be_v of_o a_o suppose_a piece_n of_o ground_n three_o rod_n square_a
you_o may_v make_v your_o hole_n square_a if_o you_o please_v see_v figure_n 1_o this_o be_v much_o like_a to_o that_o question_n whether_o be_v half_a a_o foot_n square_n or_o half_o a_o square_a foot_n most_o when_o as_o i_o have_v hear_v some_o say_v they_o be_v both_o alike_o but_o it_o be_v their_o mistake_n for_o ½_o a_o foot_n square_n be_v only_o 6_o inch_n every_o way_n that_o be_v 6_o time_n 6_o be_v 36_o and_o 6_o time_n 36_o be_v 216_o inch_n when_o as_o half_o a_o square_a foot_n be_v the_o half_a of_o a_o cubical_a square_a foot_n the_o number_n be_v 12_o the_o square_a root_n be_v 144_o for_o 12_o time_n 12_o make_v 144_o and_o 12_o time_n 144_o make_v 1728_o the_o cube_n now_o the_o half_a of_o 1728_o be_v 864_o which_o be_v half_a of_o a_o square_a foot_n then_o if_o you_o divide_v 864_o by_o 216_o you_o will_v find_v 4_o for_o the_o quotient_a so_o that_o half_o a_o foot_n square_n be_v but_o ¼_n of_o half_a a_o square_a foot_n this_o i_o have_v demonstrate_v as_o plain_a as_o i_o can_v that_o i_o may_v be_v understand_v by_o every_o countrey-capacity_n now_o if_o you_o be_v to_o plant_v one_o acre_n of_o ground_n after_o the_o aforesaid_a manner_n the_o charge_n will_v be_v as_o follow_v if_o it_o be_v a_o good_a dig_v ground_n you_o may_v have_v 20_o hole_n make_v for_o 12_o d._n two_o foot_n wide_a and_o two_o foot_n deep_a so_o there_o will_v be_v four_o time_n 160_o hole_n which_o be_v 640_o hole_n at_o 20_o for_o 12_o d._n that_o be_v 32_o s._n and_o then_o i_o allow_v for_o every_o hole_n 2_o set_v so_o than_o it_o will_v take_v 1280_o set_v which_o will_v cost_v you_o together_o about_o 4_o d._n the_o 120._o of_o any_o sort_n of_o wood_n which_o come_v to_o about_o 3_o s._n 6_o d._n then_o for_o every_o hole_n 2_o sallow_a or_o willow_n cut_n 3._o s._n then_o 5_o man_n to_o set_v they_o 6_o s._n and_o then_o key_n and_o seed_n to_o sow_v among_o your_o set_v next_o spring_n 5_o s._n 6_o d._n  _fw-fr l._n s._n d._n make_v holes_n 01_o 12_o 00_o set_v 00_o 03_o 06_o sallow_a truncheon_n 00_o 03_o 00_o man_n to_o set_v they_o 00_o 06_o 00_o key_n and_o seed_n 00_o 05_o 06_o whole_a charge_n 02_o 10_o 00_o so_o that_o the_o charge_n of_o one_o acre_n of_o ground_n plant_v this_o way_n will_v cost_v you_o about_o 2_o l._n 10_o s._n where_o workman_n and_o set_v may_v be_v have_v at_o such_o a_o price_n the_o spring_n after_o i_o advise_v to_o sow_v acorn_n sycamore-keye_n apple_n and_o crab-stampings_a etc._n etc._n let_v this_o sow_v be_v do_v so_o oft_o as_o you_o find_v stamping_n and_o key_n to_o be_v have_v till_o you_o find_v your_o wood_n very_o thick_a i_o do_v sow_v all_o the_o stamping_n of_o apple_n and_o crab_n at_o cashiobury_n among_o our_o young_a wood_n which_o i_o have_v set_v and_o the_o ground_n not_o produce_v a_o strong_a grass_n to_o choke_v they_o they_o come_v up_o thick_a and_o do_v well_o but_o take_v care_v you_o let_v they_o not_o lie_v too_o thick_a long_a for_o if_o you_o do_v the_o stamping_n will_v heat_v and_o kill_v the_o kernel_n sow_v they_o therefore_o as_o soon_o as_o they_o be_v press_v or_o else_o lay_v they_o thin_a or_o keep_v they_o part_v with_o dry_a straw_n but_o if_o your_o ground_n be_v bad_a and_o a_o shallow_a soil_n or_o that_o you_o will_v help_v a_o indifferent_a ground_n and_o be_v willing_a to_o be_v at_o some_o more_o charge_n to_o do_v it_o then_o do_v thus_o which_o in_o small_a time_n will_v pay_v you_o or_o you_o well_o for_o your_o charge_n observe_v which_o be_v the_o best_a way_n to_o lay_v out_o your_o ground_n and_o then_o divide_v it_o into_o four_o yard_n distance_n at_o both_o end_n by_o little_a stake_n and_o make_v row_v of_o stake_n by_o set_v up_o some_o few_o between_o the_o two_o at_o each_o end_n which_o be_v only_o to_o direct_v you_o to_o lay_v your_o work_n straight_o by_o plough_v one_o yard_n of_o each_o side_n your_o stake_n if_o your_o ground_n be_v green-sorde_a then_o plough_v it_o as_o be_v aforesaid_a which_o will_v make_v the_o better_a for_o the_o root_n of_o your_o tree_n to_o run_v in_o thus_o have_v plough_v two_o yard_n and_o leave_v two_o yard_n unplow_a all_o over_o your_o ground_n a_o little_a before_o the_o season_n for_o plant_v and_o when_o the_o season_n for_o set_v be_v come_v that_o be_v as_o soon_o as_o most_o of_o the_o leave_n be_v off_o have_v prepare_v set_v and_o workman_n let_v they_o dig_v up_o the_o two_o yard_n that_o be_v unplowed_a lay_v one_o half_a of_o that_o earth_n upon_o one_o of_o the_o plough_v piece_n and_o the_o other_o half_a upon_o the_o other_o and_o as_o you_o lay_v up_o that_o earth_n upon_o the_o plough_v piece_n there_o set_v your_o set_v about_o a_o yard_n one_o from_o another_o with_o store_n of_o sallow-cuttings_a with_o they_o dig_v that_o ground_n which_o you_o lay_v on_o your_o plowed_a ground_n a_o good_a spade-deep_a and_o then_o it_o will_v be_v near_o a_o foot_n thick_a to_o set_v your_o set_v in_o thus_o go_v from_o open_a that_o be_v unplowed_a to_o open_v until_o you_o have_v set_v all_o the_o plowed_a piece_n in_o your_o ground_n one_o man_n have_v the_o set_v ready_a will_v set_v they_o as_o fast_o as_o four_o man_n shall_v dig_v that_o be_v two_o man_n on_o each_o side_n the_o bed_n or_o ridge_n one_o a_o little_a before_o the_o other_o so_o finish_v bed_n after_o bed_n till_o you_o have_v go_v over_o and_o finish_v the_o whole_a ground_n which_o you_o design_v to_o plant_v that_o winter_n and_o endeavour_v to_o get_v all_o your_o plant_n do_v by_o the_o latter_a end_n of_o january_n or_o beginning_n of_o february_n for_o this_o reason_n that_o be_v have_v provide_v key_n nut_n and_o seed_n as_o be_v before_o direct_v and_o be_v in_o each_o particular_a chapter_n more_o full_o discorse_v about_o that_o time_n sow_v they_o viz._n about_o the_o begin_n of_o february_n unless_o it_o be_v a_o frosty_a season_n for_o than_o you_o must_v stay_v a_o little_a long_o so_o sow_v all_o your_o bed_n over_o with_o seed_n and_o cover_v they_o a_o little_a with_o the_o shoveling_n of_o some_o neighbour_a ditch_n in_o do_v thus_o you_o may_v be_v certain_a of_o a_o good_a thrive_a wood_n in_o a_o little_a time_n though_o the_o ground_n you_o plant_v on_o be_v almost_o never_o so_o bad_a this_o i_o do_v suppose_v to_o be_v as_o good_a a_o way_n as_o most_o be_v for_o plant_v of_o wood_n therefore_o according_a to_o the_o latin_a proverb_n serere_fw-la ne_fw-la dubites_fw-la doubt_v not_o to_o plant_v and_o i_o wish_v i_o can_v persuade_v nobleman_n and_o gentleman_n that_o have_v ground_n that_o be_v not_o very_o good_a for_o corn_n or_o grass_n to_o plant_v it_o with_o wood_n especial_o in_o those_o country_n where_o wood_n be_v scarce_o i_o dare_v insure_v they_o that_o it_o will_v be_v to_o they_o or_o their_o successor_n a_o very_a great_a benefit_n and_o also_o a_o great_a ornament_n to_o their_o naked_a ground_n now_o i_o shall_v endeavour_v as_o near_o as_o i_o can_v to_o give_v you_o a_o account_n what_o the_o charge_n of_o this_o may_v be_v which_o do_v i_o but_o know_v your_o ground_n and_o what_o wage_n your_o workman_n in_o such_o place_n have_v for_o one_o day_n work_n i_o can_v then_o do_v more_o exact_o but_o we_o will_v suppose_v the_o ground_n to_o be_v a_o good_a dig_v ground_n that_o may_v be_v afford_v to_o be_v dig_v and_o lay_v up_o for_o 4_o d._n the_o rod-square_a and_o our_o example_n shall_v be_v of_o one_o acre_n of_o ground_n of_o which_o you_o may_v well_o perceive_v by_o what_o be_v before_o show_v there_o will_v be_v but_o one_o half_o plough_v and_o that_o half_a plant_v first_o then_o for_o a_o good_a deep_a plough_v of_o half_a a_o acre_n of_o ground_n 4_o s._n second_o for_o half_a a_o acre_n of_o ground_n dig_v at_o 4_o d._n the_o rod_n for_o if_o 160_o rod_n make_v one_o acre_n than_o 80_o rod_n be_v half_a a_o acre_n and_o then_o 80_o groat_n for_o the_o dig_v come_v to_o 1_o l._n 6_o s._n 8_o d._n three_o if_o every_o four_o man_n must_v have_v one_o man_n to_o sy_n to_o they_o than_o there_o must_v be_v near_o one_o four_o part_n more_o for_o he_o which_o one_o fourth_z be_v 6_o s._n 8_o d._n four_o if_o we_o allow_v for_o every_o yard_n square_a in_o this_o half_a acre_n one_o good_a set_a beside_o truncheon_n of_o sallow_a and_o willow_n etc._n etc._n the_o number_n of_o yard_n in_o a_o superficial_a rod_n square_a be_v 30_o and_o ¼_n the_o number_n of_o superficial_a sq_n rod_n in_o one_o acre_n 160._o the_o number_n of_o sq_n yard_n in_o