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the_o sound_n of_o the_o instrument_n they_o may_v not_o in_o the_o march_n break_v their_o order_n of_o embattail_v which_o great_a army_n often_o do_v in_o advance_v to_o join_v with_o the_o enemy_n when_o they_o be_v ready_a to_o join_v king_n agis_n bethink_v himself_o of_o this_o strata_fw-la gem_n it_o be_v the_o manner_n of_o all_o army_n in_o the_o onset_n to_o stretch_v out_o their_o right_a wing_n and_o with_o they_o to_o circumvent_v and_o encompass_v the_o left_a wing_n of_o their_o adversary_n because_o every_o soldier_n careful_a of_o his_o own_o sefety_n seek_v to_o cover_v his_o unarmed_a side_n with_o the_o target_n of_o he_o that_o stand_v next_o to_o his_o right_a hand_n and_o imagine_v that_o the_o set_n of_o target_n close_o serve_v for_o the_o best_a defence_n against_o the_o enemy_n the_o cause_n be_v this_o the_o corner_n file-leader_n of_o the_o right_a wing_n desire_v to_o withdraw_v as_o much_o as_o he_o can_v his_o naked_a side_n from_o the_o weapon_n of_o 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champagne_n and_o darius_n abound_v in_o multitude_n defend_v himself_o with_o a_o epicampios_fw-la opisthia_fw-la or_o a_o rear_n hollow_a battle_n i_o have_v show_v the_o manner_n of_o it_o before_o in_o my_o note_n upon_o the_o 46_o chapter_n and_o sometime_o again_o by_o foresee_v the_o danger_n and_o place_n reserve_v in_o the_o rear_n or_o some_o other_o secret_a place_n to_o charge_v the_o enemy_n in_o their_o flank_n while_o they_o busy_a themselves_o against_o your_o flank_n this_o 8._o be_v practise_v by_o cyrus_n the_o elder_a against_o croesn_n as_o i_o have_v show_v in_o my_o note_n upon_o the_o 46_o chapter_n of_o 2_o this_o kind_n also_o it_o be_v when_o you_o lay_v a_o ambush_n to_o charge_v their_o rear_n while_o they_o charge_v your_o flank_n the_o place_n will_v likewise_o help_v much_o to_o avoid_v encompass_v for_o if_o the_o battle_n be_v fight_v in_o a_o straight_a place_n by_o nature_n where_o the_o enemy_n can_v draw_v out_o his_o phalange_n in_o length_n 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in_o the_o 24_o chapter_n rehearse_v short_o the_o appellation_n or_o word_n of_o military_a discipline_n he_o place_v these_o form_n after_o induction_n and_o deduction_n i_o take_v it_o therefore_o that_o their_o proper_a place_n be_v after_o the_o 37_o chapter_n the_o rather_o because_o all_o the_o form_n of_o march_n from_o thenceforth_o handle_v be_v either_o square_n of_o the_o one_o kind_n or_o other_o or_o else_o spring_v out_o of_o these_o square_n i_o 1â—_n note_v before_o that_o there_o be_v three_o kind_n of_o square_n one_o that_o have_v a_o long_a front_n than_o flank_n another_o that_o have_v a_o long_a flank_n than_o front_n the_o three_o that_o have_v the_o front_n and_o flank_v equal_a of_o the_o three_o aelian_n speak_v in_o the_o 42_o chapter_n of_o the_o first_o and_o second_o in_o this_o chapter_n of_o these_o two_o therefore_o i_o will_v treat_v in_o order_n and_o first_o i_o will_v handle_v the_o name_n than_o the_o use_v last_o the_o manner_n how_o to_o 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so_o bear_v they_o out_o not_o with_o the_o point_n forward_o but_o cross_a and_o parallel_v the_o front_n of_o the_o phalange_n that_o the_o file_n leader_n with_o one_o joint_a force_n may_v ledge_n and_o bear_v down_o the_o high-growne_a corn_n and_o make_v easy_a passage_n for_o those_o that_o follow_v if_o they_o have_v carry_v they_o out_o slope_v or_o oblique_a which_o be_v the_o other_o signification_n of_o the_o word_n it_o have_v be_v no_o more_o than_o the_o particular_a force_n of_o every_o man_n a_o part_n that_o hold_v his_o pike_n slope_v beside_o that_o they_o will_v have_v be_v entangle_v in_o the_o corn_n whereas_o the_o bear_n of_o they_o across_o parrallell_n with_o the_o front_n be_v the_o joint_a force_n of_o so_o many_o fileleader_n as_o do_v thrust_v forward_o against_o the_o corne._n therefore_o as_o when_o the_o pike_n be_v bear_v in_o full_a length_n across_o 〈◊〉_d the_o front_n of_o the_o battle_n the_o posture_n of_o the_o pike_n be_v say_v to_o be_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d so_o be_v a_o phalange_n term_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d that_o have_v a_o front_n stretch_v out_o in_o even_a length_n and_o oppose_v against_o the_o even_a front_n of_o the_o adverse_a battle_n of_o the_o enemy_n 2._o the_o length_n manifold_o exceed_v the_o depth_n aelian_n set_v not_o down_o express_o any_o proportion_n of_o the_o excess_n of_o the_o length_n above_o the_o depth_n only_o he_o say_v it_o must_v manifold_o exceed_v the_o depth_n we_o must_v take_v it_o then_o that_o the_o excess_n of_o the_o length_n must_v be_v at_o the_o least_o threefold_a for_o thrice_o fall_v into_o the_o appellation_n of_o manifold_a a_o macedonian_a fourfold_a phalange_n may_v just_o challenge_v phalange_n this_o name_n be_v 1024_o man_n in_o length_n only_o 16_o in_o depth_n and_o likewise_o a_o phalangarch_n lead_v several_o and_o by_o itself_o as_o have_v 256_o man_n in_o length_n but_o 16_o in_o depth_n the_o rest_n of_o the_o body_n of_o the_o fourfold_a phalange_n till_o you_o come_v down_o to_o a_o pentecosiarchy_n albeit_o range_v by_o themselves_o be_v likewise_o plagiophalanges_fw-la or_o broad-fronted_n bastacle_n a_o pentecosiarchy_n have_v only_o twice_o so_o many_o in_o front_n as_o in_o flank_n as_o 32_o in_o front_n 16_o in_o flank_n and_o therefore_o 16._o come_v not_o under_o the_o name_n of_o a_o broad-fronted_n phalange_n so_o that_o let_v the_o battle_n be_v as_o long_o as_o you_o list_v have_v but_o the_o ordinary_a depth_n it_o still_o be_v account_v a_o plagiophalange_n when_o it_o be_v but_o twice_o so_o long_o in_o front_n as_o in_o flank_n it_o can_v deserve_v that_o name_n but_o it_o be_v to_o be_v term_v rather_o a_o square_a of_o ground_n because_o the_o flank_n in_o a_o square_a of_o ground_n take_v up_o as_o much_o ground_n as_o the_o front_n to_o the_o battaile-broad-fronted_n be_v next_o add_v the_o phalange_n call_v 3._o orthiophalange_n or_o hearse_n which_o albeit_o it_o have_v the_o length_n and_o depth_n unequal_a as_o have_v the_o plagiophalange_n or_o broad-fronted_n phalange_n yet_o must_v the_o depth_n manifold_o exceed_v the_o length_n which_o be_v contrary_a in_o the_o plagiophalange_n this_o say_v aelian_n proceed_v in_o 4._o a_o wing_n to_o proceed_v in_o a_o 9_o wing_n be_v to_o march_v on_o with_o a_o parcel_n or_o one_o body_n of_o the_o army_n namely_o with_o a_o certain_a number_n of_o file_n as_o with_o a_o file_n tetrarchy_n file_n taxis_fw-la or_o file_n syntagna_n and_o to_o follow_v with_o the_o rest_n in_o like_a manner_n so_o that_o the_o whole_a army_n hold_v no_o proportion_n of_o length_n or_o breadth_n to_o the_o depth_n that_o which_o be_v call_v by_o aelian_a orthiophalanx_n be_v call_v by_o 20._o diodorus_n siculus_n and_o by_o c._n arrian_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d a_o deep_a phalange_n because_o the_o form_n of_o it_o arise_v out_o of_o the_o depth_n of_o the_o embattail_v as_o i_o have_v note_v upon_o the_o seven_o chapter_n this_o kind_n of_o march_v the_o greek_a writer_n express_v by_o the_o word_n of_o lead_v a._n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o c._n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d that_o be_v in_o a_o wing_n whereas_o the_o other_o kind_n with_o a_o large_a front_n i_o mean_v the_o broad-fronted_n phalange_n be_v say_v to_o be_v lead_v a._n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o f._n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o c._n in_o a_o phalange_n and_o b._n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 26._o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d in_o front_n ibid._n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d in_o extension_n of_o breadth_n the_o word_n i_o recite_v to_o help_v they_o who_o although_o they_o be_v skilful_a in_o the_o greek_a tongue_n yet_o be_v not_o so_o well_o acquaint_v with_o the_o tacticke_n and_o may_v easy_o mistake_v or_o not_o understand_v the_o signification_n if_o they_o be_v not_o forewarn_v but_o because_o i_o have_v before_o in_o my_o note_n upon_o the_o seven_o chapter_n touch_v this_o matter_n i_o will_v here_o use_v a_o example_n or_o two_o only_o to_o explain_v and_o to_o give_v light_n to_o both_o form_n 14._o arrian_n report_v that_o when_o alexander_n be_v to_o pass_v the_o river_n granicus_n on_o the_o further_a side_n whereof_o the_o persian_n have_v embattle_v themselves_o in_o a_o 〈◊〉_d broad-fronted_n phalange_n to_o hinder_v his_o passage_n parmenio_n one_o of_o his_o elder_a and_o best_a commander_n come_v unto_o he_o and_o give_v he_o this_o counsel_n sir_n say_v he_o consider_v the_o persian_n be_v ready_a to_o encounter_v you_o on_o the_o other_o side_n my_o opinion_n be_v you_o can_v gain_v the_o passage_n without_o exceed_a danger_n both_o because_o your_o phalange_n can_v be_v lead_v 〈◊〉_d in_o front_n that_o be_v in_o a_o broad_a front_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o many_o and_o sundry_a depth_n that_o be_v to_o be_v
see_v in_o the_o river_n and_o of_o the_o height_n and_o steepenesse_n of_o the_o bank_n as_o also_o for_o that_o the_o enemy_n horse_n order_v in_o a_o 〈◊〉_d phalange_n will_v be_v ready_a to_o charge_v we_o while_o we_o disorderly_a and_o 〈◊〉_d wingwise_o which_o be_v the_o weak_a kind_n of_o fight_n endeavour_v to_o scamble_v up_o the_o bank_n thus_o arrian_n use_v the_o word_n before_o recite_v and_o note_v the_o difference_n of_o both_o the_o form_n 26._o leo_n have_v the_o like_a passage_n instruct_v his_o general_n how_o in_o the_o night_n to_o surprise_v a_o enemy_n in_o his_o lodging_n his_o word_n be_v these_o in_o effect_n when_o you_o march_v say_v he_o to_o the_o intent_n that_o no_o tumult_n or_o confusion_n of_o noise_n be_v hear_v nor_o the_o stretch_n out_o of_o your_o battle_n into_o a_o great_a length_n breed_v error_n and_o inequality_n in_o march_v and_o hereupon_o cry_v and_o loud_a command_n arise_v so_o that_o the_o enemy_n may_v easy_o perceive_v the_o access_n of_o your_o army_n it_o behove_v you_o to_o march_v not_o in_o 〈◊〉_d front_n that_o be_v in_o a_o 〈◊〉_d large_a extension_n of_o breadth_n but_o 〈◊〉_d wingwise_o that_o be_v to_o say_v in_o a_o 〈◊〉_d deep_a form_n of_o embattail_v as_o if_o one_o file_n shall_v follow_v in_o the_o rear_n of_o another_o observe_v still_o to_o maintain_v the_o depth_n or_o horse_n thickness_n of_o the_o battle_n his_o meaning_n be_v that_o in_o the_o night_n a_o army_n ought_v not_o to_o be_v lead_v in_o a_o broad-fronted_n phalange_n because_o the_o place_n be_v way_n through_o which_o you_o be_v to_o march_v be_v sometime_o large_a sometime_o straight_o sometime_o rough_a sometime_o plain_a and_o so_o you_o can_v preserve_v a_o even_a front_n but_o must_v change_v the_o form_n and_o disorder_v it_o but_o in_o a_o hearse_n or_o deep_a phalange_n which_o will_v fit_v all_o passage_n and_o in_o the_o great_a inequality_n of_o way_n maintain_v the_o form_n of_o the_o battle_n entire_a and_o so_o much_o of_o the_o signification_n of_o the_o word_n march_v in_o a_o wing_n and_o march_v in_o a_o phalange_n 5._o every_o thing_n be_v call_v parameke_n it_o be_v to_o be_v observe_v that_o there_o be_v a_o difference_n between_o parameke_n and_o heteromekes_n i_o think_v good_a to_o note_v it_o because_o aelian_n in_o diverse_a place_n mention_v both_o paramekes_fw-mi be_v the_o figure_n according_a to_o aelian_n wherein_o the_o length_n many_o time_n exceed_v the_o depth_n it_o may_v be_v heteromeke_n albeit_o it_o be_v but_o twice_o as_o long_o as_o deep_o i_o be_o not_o ignorant_a that_o 30._o euclyde_n name_v all_o four_o side_v figure_n that_o have_v right_a angle_n and_o unequal_a side_n heteromeke_n but_o aelian_n though_o he_o apply_v heteromeke_n sometime_o to_o the_o 46._o front_n sometime_o to_o the_o flank_n yet_o he_o give_v no_o more_o than_o a_o double_a proportion_n either_o of_o front_n to_o flank_n or_o flank_n to_o front_n 6._o orthion_n albeit_o the_o word_n orthium_fw-la properly_z signify_v thing_n rise_v in_o a_o height_n yet_o in_o military_a discourse_n it_o be_v apply_v to_o the_o dimension_n of_o the_o depth_n 〈◊〉_d of_o a_o battle_n and_o not_o of_o the_o length_n here_o a_o phalange_n be_v term_v orthia_n and_o in_o leo_n in_o the_o place_n last_o by_o i_o cite_v mention_n be_v make_v of_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d â—_o deep_o embattail_v and_o in_o xenophon_n â—_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d a_o company_n stretch_v out_o in_o depâ—â—_n 〈…〉_z polyen_n also_o and_o arrian_n and_o appian_n â—_o polyen_n have_v beside_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d for_o a_o army_n that_o be_v cast_v into_o a_o great_a depth_n and_o into_o a_o narrow_a 〈…〉_z therefore_o as_o parameke_n signify_v the_o length_n of_o the_o front_n so_o orthion_n signify_v the_o depth_n of_o the_o flank_n of_o any_o battle_n order_v as_o be_v aforesaid_a thus_o much_o of_o the_o name_n of_o the_o two_o battle_n it_o remain_v to_o show_v the_o use_n of_o they_o and_o how_o one_o may_v be_v transform_v into_o the_o other_o the_o plagiophalange_n or_o broad-fronted_n battle_n bring_v most_o hand_n to_o fight_v with_o conveniency_n and_o therefore_o be_v account_v the_o better_a form_n and_o as_o near_o hearse_n as_o opportunity_n of_o ground_n will_v give_v leave_n the_o ancient_a general_n principal_o affect_v and_o seek_v to_o put_v this_o form_n in_o ure_n it_o have_v the_o commodity_n to_o overfront_v the_o adverse_a battle_n and_o be_v safe_a itself_o from_o overfront_v unless_o the_o enemy_n bring_v a_o great_a multitude_n than_o you_o have_v to_o over-match_v your_o army_n the_o macedonian_a phalange_n be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n of_o this_o form_n as_o all_o the_o field_n alexander_n fight_v evident_o declare_v so_o order_v he_o his_o troop_n at_o granicus_n so_o at_o issos_n so_o at_o gangamelos_n so_o in_o other_o place_n if_o the_o ground_n will_v serve_v this_o caution_n notwithstanding_o be_v observe_v that_o the_o depth_n hold_v proportion_n with_o the_o length_n otherwise_o the_o length_n profit_v not_o so_o much_o as_o the_o thinness_n of_o the_o depth_n hurt_v by_o give_v mean_n to_o the_o enemy_n to_o break_v through_o and_o put_v the_o adverse_a battle_n in_o a_o rout_n i_o have_v note_v it_o before_o out_o of_o 10â—_o leo._n the_o hearse_n or_o deep_a phalange_n be_v think_v the_o weak_a kind_n to_o fight_v in_o 14._o parmenio_n one_o of_o the_o chief_a commander_n alexander_n have_v disinherit_v it_o as_o i_o have_v show_v a_o little_a before_o b._n cyrus_n the_o elder_a in_o the_o embattail_v of_o the_o egyptian_n deride_v it_o yet_o can_v the_o form_n of_o the_o broad-fronted_n phalange_n be_v so_o exact_o take_v up_o but_o that_o necessity_n will_v sometime_o force_v the_o other_o in_o straight_a place_n it_o have_v be_v often_o use_v so_o c._n darius_n in_o the_o battle_n of_o issos_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o straightness_n of_o ground_n be_v force_v to_o this_o form_n so_o boâ—ilâ—ar_v the_o carthaginian_a be_v fain_o in_o a_o straight_a place_n to_o make_v a_o narrow_a front_n of_o his_o phalange_n and_o to_o extend_v it_o in_o depth_n and_o a._n acilius_n glabrio_n the_o roman_a consall_n in_o the_o straits_n of_o thermopyle_n against_o antiochus_n and_o c._n p._n scipto_n in_o spain_n against_o the_o illerget_n therefore_o in_o large_a ground_n the_o first_o form_n be_v to_o be_v choose_v in_o narrow_a and_o rough_a place_n the_o other_o the_o hearse_n be_v also_o fit_a for_o march_n because_o in_o a_o march_n you_o be_v assure_v to_o meet_v with_o variety_n of_o ground_n sometime_o with_o wood_n sometime_o with_o bush_n sometime_o with_o straight_a way_n with_o river_n with_o hill_n with_o pit_n with_o bridge_n with_o ditch_n and_o such_o like_a impediment_n so_o that_o the_o front_n of_o your_o broad-fronted_n phalange_n must_v needs_o be_v dissolve_v whereas_o no_o difficulty_n of_o way_n can_v hinder_v the_o passage_n of_o a_o 45._o hearse_n the_o front_n whereof_o may_v be_v narrow_v according_a to_o the_o ground_n you_o march_v in_o as_o you_o list_v b._n alexander_n be_v to_o lead_v his_o army_n against_o the_o thracian_n that_o have_v plant_v themselves_o in_o the_o mount_n aemus_n be_v â—â—ine_o to_o narrow_a the_o front_n of_o his_o phalange_n according_a to_o the_o way_n that_o lead_v up_o to_o the_o mount_n the_o same_o do_v d._n agesilaus_n pass_v through_o the_o straits_n of_o mantina_n the_o history_n be_v by_o i_o recite_v before_o in_o my_o note_n upon_o the_o 26_o chapter_n 1._o panimenes_n likewise_o lead_v his_o army_n through_o phoâ—is_n toward_a â—hebes_n and_o find_v that_o the_o enemy_n have_v take_v and_o possess_v a_o place_n call_v philoâ—aeoton_n that_o have_v two_o straits_n lead_v towards_o it_o one_o of_o which_o the_o enemy_n hold_v with_o a_o guard_n cast_v be_v troop_n into_o a_o hearse_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d make_v the_o bulk_n of_o his_o army_n slender_a and_o â—it_a to_o march_v shape_v himself_o to_o the_o right_a hand_n as_o though_o he_o mean_v to_o hold_v on_o to_o that_o passage_n the_o enemy_n therefore_o leave_v the_o left_a hand_n straight_o which_o they_o have_v in_o guard_n run_v with_o all_o speed_n to_o the_o right_a hand_n to_o stop_v his_o passage_n but_o he_o take_v the_o opportunity_n speed_v hasty_o to_o the_o left_a and_o convey_v his_o army_n through_o without_o danger_n many_o like_a example_n of_o hearse_n accommodate_v to_o straight_a way_n where_o a_o broad-fronted_n phalange_n can_v march_v be_v to_o be_v find_v in_o history_n the_o orthiophalange_n or_o hearse_n be_v also_o muchâ—sed_v in_o a_o ascent_n against_o a_o hill_n which_o the_o enemy_n possess_v and_o in_o this_o sense_n be_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d deep_a company_n take_v in_o the_o greek_a writer_n especial_o when_o a_o
one_o direct_o after_o another_o how_o they_o stand_v â—_o polybius_n show_v describe_v the_o same_o battle_n he_o say_v that_o scipio_n order_v the_o hastati_fw-la and_o their_o ensign_n first_o of_o all_o the_o rest_n and_o in_o front_n and_o give_v interual_n to_o their_o maniple_n behind_o they_o the_o principes_fw-la not_o against_o the_o interual_n of_o the_o hastati_fw-la as_o the_o roman_a manner_n be_v but_o behind_o they_o in_o a_o right_a line_n because_o of_o the_o multitude_n of_o the_o enemy_n elephant_n and_o last_o the_o triarij_fw-la on_o the_o wing_n of_o the_o left_a flank_n he_o range_v c._n lelius_n with_o the_o italian_a horse_n under_o he_o on_o the_o right_a massanissa_n and_o all_o the_o numidian_a horse_n which_o he_o command_v the_o interual_n of_o the_o first_o ensign_n that_o be_v of_o the_o hastati_fw-la he_o fill_v with_o the_o body_n of_o light_n arm_v command_v they_o first_o to_o undertake_v the_o fight_n and_o in_o case_n they_o be_v not_o able_a to_o withstand_v the_o affront_n of_o the_o the_o enemy_n or_o of_o the_o elephant_n he_o will_v they_o to_o retire_v some_o that_o can_v prevent_v the_o rest_n with_o speed_n through_o the_o direct_a interual_n of_o the_o maniple_n to_o thereare_v of_o the_o army_n other_z that_o be_v in_o a_o manner_n surprise_v to_o the_o flank_n near_o the_o ensign_n this_o order_n of_o maniple_n one_o direct_o after_o another_o so_o term_v and_o describe_v by_o polybius_n appian_n call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d which_o notwithstanding_o if_o true_o examine_v can_v according_o to_o the_o grecian_a practice_n come_v within_o the_o compass_n of_o that_o name_n for_o the_o grecian_n as_o i_o say_v draw_v their_o company_n several_o each_o into_o a_o file_n and_o lay_v four_o or_o five_o or_o six_o or_o more_o of_o they_o together_o make_v a_o body_n the_o depth_n whereof_o much_o exceed_v the_o length_n or_o breadth_n the_o front_n be_v of_o 4._o 5._o or_o 6._o man_n in_o rank_n the_o depth_n of_o 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add_v that_o half_o the_o arm_a soldier_n have_v their_o face_n bend_v forward_o and_o change_v not_o the_o other_o half_n turn_v about_o backward_o whereas_o in_o the_o antistomus_n all_o the_o soldier_n move_v and_o half_a face_n to_o one_o flank_n half_a to_o the_o other_o and_o none_o to_o the_o front_n or_o rear_v beside_o he_o say_v that_o half_o the_o arm_a in_o the_o file_n stand_v back_o to_o back_o whereas_o in_o the_o antistomus_n half_a the_o arm_a in_o the_o rank_n stand_v back_o to_o back_o not_o those_o of_o the_o file_n 2_o now_o that_o the_o amphistomus_fw-la receive_v the_o charge_n of_o the_o enemy_n in_o the_o front_n and_o rear_v 29._o leo_n also_o declare_v the_o manner_n whereof_o appear_v in_o 9_o appian_n who_o recount_v that_o asdrubal_n the_o carthaginian_a seek_v to_o entrap_v scipio_n give_v mago_n his_o general_n of_o the_o horse_n commandement_fw-fr to_o charge_n scipio_n his_o army_n in_o front_n while_o himself_o charge_v it_o in_o the_o rear_n but_o 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