Selected quad for the lemma: ground_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
ground_n	fire_n	fire_v	pike_n	1,473	5	12.4314	5	false

Text snippets containing the quad

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
B11293	Pyrotechnia or, A discourse of artificiall fire-works in which the true grounds of that art are plainly and perspicuously laid downe: together with sundry such motions, both straight and circular, performed by the helpe of fire, as are not to be found in any other discourse of this kind, extant in any language. VVhereunto is annexed a short treatise of geometrie, contayning certaine definitions and problemes, for the mensuration of superficies and sollids, with tables for the square root to 25000, and the cubick root to 10000 latus, wherein all roots under those numbers are extracted onely by ocular inspection. VVritten by Iohn Babington gunner, and student in the mathematicks.	Babington, John.; Droeshout, John, d. 1652, engraver.	1635 (1635)	STC 1099; ESTC S106893	53,016	95

presse till they be dry and when they be dry cut out a semicircle in paper which shall fit round about the said cap and shall serve to paste on the cap to the coffin the forme whereof is expressed in the fourth figure by the figure 14. and 15. so have you all things ready to the finishing of your Rocket which must be done as followeth CHAP. 6. The manner of finishing a Rocket WHen your Rocket is driuen as I have shewed you with the paper turned downe you shall first prime it which must be with cotton wicke made for the said purpose which you shall put up into the vent leaving a peece to hang lower than the mouth of your Rocket by three or foure inches which being done tye a piece of paper over the mouth to the end it fall not out now having primed your Rocket you may proceede to the heading of it and that is done after this manner Take your Rocket and on the head where I told you you should turne downe the paper you must with a bodkin pierce two or three holes to the intent that the Rocket having spent himselfe your workes which are on his head may take fire which holes prime with a little powder dust and then put on his head with the choaking fitted to your Rocket which must come over the Rocket in such manner that the bottome of the greater part must come even with the top of the Rocket which tye fast to your rocket with threed and then put in your workes but before you put in your workes whether they be starres or any other workes you must put in a little cotton wooll being rowled in powder dust to the end your stars may fire and likewise may blow out which having done put in your starres or other workes and if you make more than one tire as you may doe of your starres then must you put more cotton rowled in powder dust amongst them or betweene every tire to the end they may all take fire then take your cap so provided as I have formerly shewed and fill the hollow place with cotton because it is light and likewise will fire quickly which being fitted paste it close to the top of the coffin in such manner that it may stand very upright then must you fit on your sticke for the peasing of your Rocket which ought to be about eight lengths of your Rocket without the head You must get the smoothest and lightest you can such as basket makers use which when you have got you must make very strait and then cutting one side of it flat at the great end make two notches on the round side provided that the one be differing from the other so much as is betweene the choaking of your Rocket and the end of the vent because if you should tye it upon the vent it would loosen the powder and so cause it to breake in the firing Now that you tye not the wrong end of your fig 3. Rocket uppermost as some foolishly have done for want of better instructions you must alwayes tye the end downewards which is choaked and with a piece of strong thred tye it fast to the lower notch just about the choaking so shall you be sure your stickes shall not fall off neither will it indanger the hurting of your rocket When yo● have tyed that then proceed to the tying of it higher which as I say must be somewhat high●r than the top of the vent and let your sticke come even with the top of your rocket which having done pease your rocket which must be after this manner Lay it on your finger two or three inches or more from the mouth and if you finde the stick be too heavy cut it shorter till you finde your Rocket to ballance your sticke for the sticke being too heavy causes your rocket to slugge and being too light it makes a rocket fall before he is halfe up these things being provided you have your rocket ready to be fired which must be after this manner CHAP. VII The manner of firing Rockets with the description of a staffe for the firing of them PRovide a long staffe with a pike at one end which must be thrust hard into the ground and a three legged staffe with a hollow hoope at the top to let this long staffe slide up and downe to the end that having rockets whose stickes are longer than your said staffe yet by raising it through the said iron hoope you may make it foure or five foot longer than it would be standing on the ground Now this long staffe must have a sliding peece cut with severall points which must be neere the top and at the bottome there must be a ring of wyer to let the sticke goe through which must be made likewise to slide up and downe so thrusting the small end through the said ring your rocket will rest upon that part above which must be just opposite in a straight line so open the mouth of your rocket and pull out the end of your cotton wicke and with a peece of match fastened in a Linstocke give fire to the said wicke and by degreees you shall see it fire your rocket which being well ordered will mount very straight and high now having shewed the whole order of composing a rocket with the firing of the same I will shew you an order for making of your starres and other workes which are necessary for the heads of your rockets and first of all I will shew you the making of divers sorts of starres with their compositions and since wee cannot make them without the compositions I will first set downe the compositions and then proceed to the manner of making them CHAP. VIII Divers Compositions for starres A Composition for starres of a blew colour with red TAke of powder mealed 8 ℥ Salt peter 4 ℥ Sulphur vive 12 ℥ Meale these very fine and mixe them together with 2 ℥ of aqua vite and ● 2 ℥ of oyle of spicke which let be very dry before you use it Another Composition which maketh a white fire and beautifull Take powder 4 ℥ Salt peter 12 ℥ Sulphur vive 6 ℥ Camphire ⅓ ℥ Meale your ingredients and mixe them now to powder your Camphire you must dip your pestle in oyle of Almonds or such like oyle you must not use your wooded pestle for this because that oyle will soake into it which is an enemy to some workes therefore take a brasse pestle and morter and dipping the pestle in oyle of Almonds put it to your Camphire and so stirring it by degrees it will powder which when you have done keepe it very close from ayre till such time as you use it otherwise the Camphire will lose his spirit and become of no use Another white fire which lasteth long Take powder 4 ℥ Salt peter 1 l Sulphur vive 8 ℥ Camphur 1 ℥ Oyle of peeter 2 ℥ Meale those which are to be mealed very fine and mixe

PYROTECHNIA OR A DISCOVRSE OF ARTIFICIALL FIRE-WORKS In which the true Grounds of that Art are plainly and perspicuously laid downe Together with sundry such Motions both Straight and Circular performed by the helpe of Fire as are not to be found in any other Discourse of this kind Extant in any Language VVhereunto is annexed a short TREATISE of Geometrie contayning certaine Definitions and Problemes for the Mensuration of Superficies and Sollids with Tables for the Square Root to 25000 and the Cubick Root to 10000 Latus wherein all Roots under those Numbers are extracted onely by Ocular Inspection Written by John Babington Gunner and Student in the MATHEMATICKS LONDON Printed by THOMAS HARPER for RALPH MAB MDCXXXV A Table of the Contents CHAP. 1 HOw to make all sorts of moulds in a true proportion with the Rollers and drift Page 1 CHAP. 2 How to make your Coffines of paper p. 4 CHAP. 3 How you shall choake a Rocket idem CHAP. 4 The manner of driving a Rocket with the instruments belonging to the same p. 6 CHAP. 5 The manner of heading a Rocket with the order of capping the same p. 7 CHAP. 6 The manner of finishing a Rocket p. 8 CHAP. 7 The manner of fyring Rockets with the description of a staffe for fyring of them p. 10 CHAP. 8 Divers compositions for starres p. 11 CHAP. 9 The manner of making the best sort of starres p. 12 CHAP. 10 The manner of making silver and golden raine p. 14 CHAP. 11 How to make fisgigs which some call Serpents idem CHAP. 12 How to make the reports or breakers p. 15 CHAP. 13 How to make a Runner on the Line p. 16 CHAP. 41 The manner of firing your Runner p. 17 CHAP. 15 How to compose a Wheele p. 19 CHAP. 16 How to make a ground Wheele p. 20 CHAP. 17 Another manner of ground Wheeles p. 21 CHAP. 18 The manner of making a fixed Wheele which shall give divers reports p. 22 CHAP. 19 How to make a fixed Wheele which shall cast forth many Rockets into the Aire idem CHAP. 20 How to make a fixed Wheele which shall cast forth divers fisgigs and likewise as many reports p. 28 CHAP. 21 The manner of making a Wheele to runne two wayes which is forward and backward idem CHAP. 22 The manner of composing a Wheele which having finished his revolution shall represent a Coat of Armes p. 25 CHAP. 23 How to represent a Coat of Armes in fire which having burnt a small while the said Coat shal appeare in perfect colours and shal continue so a long while p. 27 CHAP. 24 How to represent an antick dance by the helpe of fire which shall moove in a circular forme p. 28 CHAP. 25 Another way for making an antick dance which is not so violent as the former p. 29 CHAP. 26 How to compose a Castle of fire-worke with the manner of placing the works in a true order idem CHAP. 27 How to represent divers motions in a Castle of Fire-worke p. 30 CHAP. 28 Another way to performe the same Motions and will not be so violent as the former p. 34 CHAP. 29 How to represent the forme of an Army of an hundred men marching which shall present and fire at on certaine place appointed idem CHAP. 30 How to represent Musique playing by the helpe of fire with anticks dancing p. 36 CHAP. 31 How to make a Dragon or any other creature run on the line by the helpe of fire idem CHAP. 32 Another way for making a fiery Dragon to passe on the line without the helpe of fire p. 37 CHAP. 33 How to represent Saint George fighting with a Dragon on the line p. 37 CHAP. 34 How to make a trunke of fire which shall cast forth divers fire-balls p. 41 CHAP. 35 The manner of making a Club which shall cast forth divers small workes or fisgigs p. 42 CHAP. 36 Another sort of club which being fired shall give many reports p. 43 CHAP. 37 Another which I call Iacke in a boxe p. 45 CHAP. 38 How to represent the sphere moving in the ayre without any other supportation Idem CHAP. 39 How to represent the sphere with divers circles some moveable others fixed p. 46 CHAP. 40 How to make a halfe moone of rockets appeare in the ayre p. 47 CHAP. 41 How to make a case of rockets to rise at once Idem CHAP. 42 How to make letters or any other figure appeare in the ayre after the spending of a rocket p. 49 CHAP. 43 How to represent a figure of the Sun casting forth his beames in fire Idem CHAP. 44 How to make a rocket which firing it out of your hand shall continually be in agitation on the ground sometimes and other whiles about in the ayre p. 50 CHAP. 45 How to make a ball which shall be in continuall agitation on the ground till the fire be consumed p. 51 CHAP. 46 How to make another sort of bals for the ground which will continue a long while in their motion Idem CHAP. 47 How to make a Dragon issuing out of a Cave which shal cast out much fire p. 52 CHAP. 48 How to make two Dragons to meet each other from severall Caves which shal send forth their fire to each other with great violence Idem CHAP. 49 How to make a bucklar which shall cast forth a hundred Fisgigs every one making his report p. 53 CHAP. 50 How to make the Curtlax Cimiter or Fauchion p. 55 CHAP. 51 How to make a water ball which shall burne on the water with great violence Idem CHAP. 52 A water ball which shall shoot forth many reports p. 56 CHAP. 53 How to make a water ball which after a certaine time of firing shall cast forth divers rockets into the ayre p. 57 CHAP. 54 Another sort of water ball which shall cast forth rockets at two sundry times and after it is finished shall give a great report p. 58 CHAP. 55 Another sort of bal with iron chambers every one casting forth a smal bal. p. 60 CHAP. 56 The proportions of the morter piece p 61 CHAP. 57 How to make a ball for the Morter piece which shall cast forth a great shower of starres at the breaking Idem CHAP. 58 Another sort of ball for the morter piece which shall cast forth divers Rockets in the ayre p. 63 CHAP. 59 How to compose a ship of fire-worke which being once fired divers motions shall present themselves p 63 CHAP. 60 How to make the Syren or Mermaid playing on the water Idem CHAP. 61 How to represent a Dragon issuing out of a Castle which shall swim through the water and be encountred by a horseman from the shoare p. 66 CHAP. 62 An order for a generall piece of fire-worke for land and is for the pleasure of a Prince or some great personage p. 67 CHAP. 63 An other order for a generall worke and is to be acted on the water p. 68 CHAP. 64 The use of certaine engines for

the mouth of the rocket towards you which must bee primed with powder dust and pull your line very straight which is a great help to the running of a rocket so fastning your cord you may fire your runner which being well ordered will run to the farthest of your line making his return with a report at last so have you finished the runner fig 5th CHAP. XV. How to compose a wheele NOW I will shew you the order of composing a wheele which is a prime work being well ordered of which some are movable and some immovable of the movable some move horizontall and some verticall which is toward the zenith and first of the movable wheele You must provide a wheele of such diameter as you please which must be made into squares according to the circumference of your wheele and to proportion your wheele into a just number you may allow five inches or better for every side so that your wheele being 14 inches diameter the circumference will be as 7 to 22 which is 44 inches circumference so being divided by 5 there will bee 8 squares Figure 5. N 1. or more properly 8 sides which will every one containe 5 inches and 3 10 which is the cord of 45 degrees these sides must bee hollowed with a groofe fitting your rockets and at the ends of every side it must bee filed with notches to fasten your binding that it slide not when you binde fast your rockets the form whereof you shall finde in the fift figure N 1. A Sheweth the 8 sides B The places of fastning C The screw which fastneth the wheele to some post Note alwayes that as your wheele doth increase in diameter so you must increase in the proportion for that rocket which forces about a wheele of 14 inches will not force a wheele of 18 inches nor that rocket which forceth one of 18 inches will not force one of 24 inches but that you may come to a neere proportion I will satisfie you so neere as I can first seek the diameter of your wheele which imagine to bee 18 inches I take the third thereof which is 6 so that your rocket for 18 inches diameter must be 6 inches long and your wheele of 24 inches diameter will require rockets of 8 inches yet as your wheele encreaseth you may alter this proportion by dividing it into more sides Now having provided your wheele with your rockets of a just size you shall proceed to the finishing of it which must bee after this manner you must joine your rockets one to another in such sort as I shewed you for your runners that is with the mouth of the one to the top of the other and so proceed till you have fastned so many as will serve your wheele alwayes leaving so much space between each rocket as may suffer them to come round about your wheele without breaking any which when you have done proceed to the tying of them on to your wheele which must be so ordered that you tie them where the notches are to the end they faile not in firing by sliding off In tying the●● on you must provide that you leave a little distance between the first and the last which must be parted with a bolster of paper well soaped to th● end that the first fire not the last and so cause a great confusion Now for the manner of placing them it is according to the workmans pleasure which must be either horizontall or verticall for the horizontall wheele you must provide a post fastned in the ground and screw your wheele to the top of it for the verticall you must screw it on the side of the post so having fired them you shall see one run parallell to the horizon and the other to the zenith as you shall see described in the fift figure N 2 Representeth the horizontall wheele N 3 Representeth the verticall wheele There are many other works which do wholly depend upon the wheele of which I will set down some few CHAP. XVI How to make a ground wheele HEre I will declare unto you the manner of making a paire of wheels to run upon a plain horizon provide two wheels such as are spinning wheels of one bignesse which must bee fastned to a small axeltree in such manner that they may not move about the axeltree and on the middle of the axeltree fasten a fire wheele which let bee so much lesse than the other that it touch not the ground so that being fast upon the same axeltree it cannot run unlesse it carry the other with it which being set on a plain horizon will run a great way without ceasing now that you may make it return you may provide your wheele in such manner that it may have rockets on both sides so that one side being spent it may give fire to the other which being fastned with their mouthes the contrary way will make a return with a swift motion The form of these ground wheeles you may see represented in the fift figure N 4. A A the two wheeles fastned to the axeltree C C the axeltree on which the three wheeles are all fastned B the fire wheele which is represented of a lesser diameter than the other two CHAP. XVII Another manner of ground wheeles THere is another kinde of ground wheeles and that is made so that the wheeles may move about the axeltree but this sort is not moved about by a wheele in regard the axeltree must stand still but it is made after this manner you must make your axeltree somewhat broad about the midst of it and in that place you shall boare two holes into which you shall put two rockets which must bee so close one to the other that they may almost touch and must bee so joined together that one having spent himselfe the other may take fire after the manner of your line work to the end that being fired it may run first one way and then the other taking fire may make his return by a second motion now the rockets which you put into this place must alwayes bee proportioned according to the bignesse of your wheele which if you perform according to the direction you shall have your desire The form of this wheele is expressed in the fift figure N 4. A A the two wheeles being loose upon their axeltree B B the axeltree in which the rockets are put C the place for the two rockets to be fastned which must be so ordered that the mouth of one may joyne to the tayle of the other It is especially to be noted that these wheeles must run upon a very plain horizon such as the place for the game of Pall Maile at St. Iameses or some other very smooth place by reason that after the first firing of a rocket his violence is over and so a small thing will stay him There are also sundry sorts of wheeles which do perform divers offices some for displaying of a Coat of Armes and

fire wheeles which forceth the rest of the worke C C The screws fastened on the axeltree of each wheele which forceth the rowlers D D The two wheeles which are placed on the rowlers and fitted to the screw which force them P P The two girts on which the figures are placed CHAP. XXIX How to represent the forme of an army of an hundred men marching which shall present and fire at one certaine place appointed THe ground of all these motions are wheele workes wherefore to proceed you must provide a rowler of two foot long or more which must be made and placed as the forementioned to be drawne by two screwes fastened to the fire wheeles in regard of the great weight they are to draw also they must be somewhat large wheeles with rockets of the second size which is five ounces in each rocket placing about each wheele 20. or more which having provided you must likewise get you so many figures of souldiers which must bee cut by a Carver and ought to have the joynts loose of the right arm of each with a wyer or detent to come down from the arm to the thigh of each and likewise another which may move that and come to the foot then place these on severall girts so that they may stand ten in ranck and file and may be an inch between each to the end they touch not at the feet but every file may run in a severall groofe then placing small peeces in their hands which must bee ready loaded and primed set them going and within two foot of the end of their march let there bee a crooked peece of iron stuck up between each file so that they may stand iust in a straight line to the end that when the souldiers move to that place the detents or wyers are forced against those pins which draw back the arm and so puls the trickers of each Peece in that ranck so that the whole ranck will fire altogether if they bee well ordered and as these have fired and past another ranck moveth forward to the same place performing the same thus continuing till they have all performed the like which being finished and all past they shall make a second march orderly without firing This being well and carefully ordered shall not faile and will be a very rare work to behold but will prove extraordinary costly to the owner thereof The form of this you shall finde in the ninth figure by the letter R E represents the whole frame with all the parts thereof F F are the two fire wheeles being placed one at each end of the rowler G G the screwes being fastned to each fire wheele which move the two wheeles placed on the rowler H H the two wheeles being placed at each end of the rowler I I two rowlers about which the girts do passe which carry the whole body of men K K the girts on which the figures are placed each girt having upon it ten so that in the whole there will be an hundred L represents the figure of a man standing in that posture as hee ought to bee made M Is the detent which is fastened to the right arme and is to slide on a joynt being fastened to the thigh so that it may move the arme N another detent which moveth the former as it passeth by the pin O the pin which putteth by the said detent as it commeth to it q q the said pins in their right places CHAP. XXX How to present musick playing by the help of fire with anticks dancing CAuse an instrument to bee made representing the Virginals and to it fit a Barrell set with severall tunes as I shall shew you in another Treatise hereafter then let there be a wheele with teeth fastned on this barrell and a fire wheele with a screw on the axeltree as I have shewed before which screw may be so fitted that as it moves round the barrell one way so it may move another wheele being placed on the side which wheele shall move certain anticks as the musick playeth This and many more may bee performed by the motion of wheele work The form of this is expressed in the tenth figure by the letter A B the fire wheele fixed on the axletree which moveth a screw C the screw moving a wheele placed on the top of it and another on the side D the wheele fastned to a barrell set with tunes E the wheele placed on the side which hath a pinion at the end of the axeltree marked F which carrieth about the wheele G on which there are placed foure anticks this wheele moveth foure pinions marked H on which is placed foure other anticks I is the barrell set with tunes K the pallats which causeth the jacks to move L the jacks which passe up to the strings M a board or frame covering the strings on which is placed the anticks Having spoken sufficiently of the order of motions performed by wheele work I come now to shew some things that may bee done on the Line CHAP. XXXI How to make a Dragon or any other creature to run on the Line by the help of fire LET your Dragon be made either of pasteboard or else of fine rods such as your Basketmakers use which must bee made hollow with a place in the belly to put in two rockets and shall bee so ordered that there may come a small pipe from the tayle of one to the head of the other then make a place in the eyes and mouth to put into each hole fire which shall be made up in rowled paper and thrust in then on the top of the back let there bee fastned two small pulleys for the line to run in which being done your Dragon is finished to firing which must be thus first fire it at the eyes and mouth alwayes noting that this receipt must be some slow mixture such as your starres then fire that rocket which is placed with his mouth toward the tayle of the Dragon which will make it seem to cast fire from thence till hee come to the end of his motion and then on a sudden as a creature wounded with some accident shall return with fire coming forth of his belly which being well ordered will give great content The form of this you shall finde in the tenth figure by the letter B. B represents a dragon to bee forced with rockets which are placed in the belly C a place made to put in a rocket which must be put in at the tayle with the mouth of the rocket outward D is a conveyance from the tayle of that rocket to the mouth of the next which commeth out at the belly E E two small brasse pullees fastned in a frame on the back for the line to run in CHAP. XXXII Another way for making a fiery Dragon to passe on the line without the help of fire IN the former Chapter I spake of a Dragon of a small size of a foot in length or thereabout