to the Right they must always observe theâ— Left-hand men And when they open to the Left their Right hand Men. If they open to the Right the Second File from the Right first takes its distance by little Steps and letting his Leader go as far from him as the distance he is Ordered before he stir the rest of the Files do the like successively And the Left-hand File is not to move at all In opening of Files they are to move extream slowly and directly forward Doublings Ranks to the Right Double March Ranks as you were March Ranks to the Left Double March Ranks as you were March The Ranks that double are to observe their Right-hand Men to move at the same time with them They are to begin the Motions with the Foot next the Hand named and to come into this doubling the even Ranks are to double into the odd and if tâ—â— odd Ranks are to double Faâ—â— the Body to the Rear and thâ— same Word of Command will perform it or else it may be doâ—â— by this Word of Command Odd Ranks that stood Tâ—â— the Right about double tâ—â— even Ranks To Reduce the Ranks The Ranks that double aâ— first to Face to the contraâ—â— hand and then with the contrary Foot come into their formâ— Ground But they are not tâ— stir not so much as to alter the aspect till the Word of Coâ—mand March be first giveâ— And 't is a constant Rule upoâ— all Doublings of Ranks or half Files That tho they are to turn to the contrary Hand they Doubled on from the Ground they Doubled to yet when they come to their own Ground they are always to turn to the Hand they doubled which brings them directly after their Leaders The doubling of Files is performed in the same manner and is the same thing with the Reduction of doubled Ranks Doubling of Front Half-Files by the Rear Half-files with the Reduction Rear Half-files to the Right hand Double your Front March Rear Half-files As you weâ— March Rear Half-files to the Leâ—â— hand Double your Fronâ— March Rear Half-files As you weâ—â— March If it be upon a March thâ— Rear Half-files are to move intâ— the Front with a quicker Motioâ— The Front Half-files still continâ—ing theirs But all must observe their Right-hand men And for Reduction Let thâ— Rear Half-files without Facing about stand till the Front Half-files have passed by and then fall after their proper Leaders But if the Front Half-files are to be doubled by the Rear the Body standing still the Rear Half-files are to March extreme slow observing well their Right-hand men that every Rank may double at one time And in the Reducement As in the Doubling of single Ranks no man is to stir till the word of Command March be first given And then they are all to turn together to the contrary Hand they doubled on And when they come upon their own ground they are always to turn to the same Hand they Doubled to Doubling of Rear Half-files by the Front Half-files with the Reduction Front Half-files to the Right about Double your Rear Half-files March At which VVord of Command the Front half-files or the Three Front-ranks turn to the Right about and passing on the Right Hand of their followers or thâ— Rear half-files they are to Double into them and assoon as doubled to face to the Left about to their Leader without any VVord of Command Reduction Front half-files as you were March At which word The Front Half-files are to March slowly observing to keep Three foot from their Right-hand-men which makes them incline to the Left and brings them directly upon their former ground In Doubling to the Left about the same thing is to be done onely observing the contrary hand Of Firing to the Front Soldiers are to be Exercised to Fire all manner of ways In keeping of ground Gaining of ground and losing of ground To make them Fire in keepiâ—â— of ground 't is necessary that 〈◊〉 Body be as close in Rank and Fâ—â— as can be conveniently with thâ— use of their Arms. One way is thus Musketiers make ready aâ—â— At which time the Musketiâ—â— are to be Cockt and Guarded anâ— their Arms streight before them the Pikes ported And when thâ— Musketiers Present The Pikes aâ— to be Charged The Five first Ranks Kneeâ— The Rear Rank Present Fire Fifth Rank stand up Present Fire Fourth Rank stand up Present Fire And so of the rest And as they have Fired They are to Charge again and to be in a readiness against the First word of Command This way of Firing may be performed either by Two Ranks at a time or Three Ranks The first kneeling and the second stooping or the Two first stooping 'T is necessary also to exercise them to Fire gaining ground which is to be performed in this manner The Battalion Marching the Commander in Chief Orders The first Ranks of Musketers Make ready Halt At which time the whole â—â—talion Halting He is to Coâ—mand the first Rank of Musktiers to Present and Fire When they have Fired they a to Recover their Arms withoâ— any word of Command and File off very quick to the Rigâ—â— and Left into the Rear When tâ—â— first Rank Presents the next Raâ—â— is to Make ready in course wâ—â—â— out any word of Command Aâ—â— as the first Rank Files off tâ—â— next makes good the Front Aâ—â— so the Battalion is to march â—gain and every Rank to Fire 〈◊〉 this Method The Pikes are to Charge whâ—â— every Rank Presents without 〈◊〉 word of Command Firing to the Front Retreating If a Body of men or Battalion be prest in Front and forc'd to Retreat The most commodious way of Firing is by single Ranks in the same Method as in gaining ground only after every Rank has Fired and Filed off to the Right and Left into the Rear Instead of the next Rank Advancing to make good the Front of Pikes The Pikes are to Retreat to the Musketiers who stand still till the Pikes make an even Front with them and so every Rank of Shot is to Fire successively in the same manner as the first Of Firing to the Flanks If upon a March a Body oâ— men be forced to Fire to boâ—â— Flanks the way of doing it is thâ—â— The Ranks being at six foot 〈◊〉 stance Intervals of about 〈◊〉 foot distance are to be left bâ—tween the Divisions of Musâ—â—tiers and the Pikes which the Oâ—ficers must have a great Care 〈◊〉 keep open by causing the Muslâ—tiers to encline to the Right anâ— Left after every Firing to thâ— Flanks which is to be performâ—â— in this manner The Right and Left-hanâ— Files of Musketiers Makâ—â— ready VVhich they are to do and keep along with the Body and not to Face to the Flanks till they are bid Present Assoon as they have Fired they are to Face to the Rear and so are by a Sargeant to be led athwart it very quick and so up between their own Divisions
AN ABRIDGMENT OF Military Discipline For the Use of His Majesties Forces in the Kingdom of Scotland By His Majesties special Command I R HONI SOIT QVI MAL Y PENSE EDINBVRGH Printed by the Heir of Andrew Anderson Printer to His most Sacred Majesty Anno Dom. 1686. WHITEHALL April 30. 1686. THis is the Book of Exercise Ordered to be Printed as the Rule for Exercising His Majesties Forces in His Ancient Kingdom of Scotland MELFORT AN ABRIDGMENT OF Military Discipline For the use of His Majesties Forces in the Kingdom of Scotland WHen a Regiment or several Companies are Commanded to draw out It is necessary that the Major and Adjutant or at least the Adjutant be there to give each Company its due Post The eldest on the Right the second on the Left so till the Youngest come into the Center And all Companies and Bodies of Men are to draw up at first at the same Order they march at both in Rank and File the single Companies observing to leave room for the Sargeants and Drums to stand on the Right and Left of each Company Before you form your Battalions remember always to draw out the odd Men from every Company Forming a Rank in Opposition at Fifty Paces distance from the Head of each Company thereby to have no broken Files which is much the better and quicker way to compleat your Files then after your Battalions are formed When your Companies are thus disposed the most ready way to Form a Battalion is by these words of Command Have a care to Form the Battalion Musketiers to the Right and Left outwards Pikes to the Right and Left inwards March interchanging Ground When Pikes and Musketiers Interchange Ground the first Rank of Pikes pass before the first Rank of Musketiers And it is always to be observed That after any Command for moving no Man stir before the Word of Command March be given thereby to make them all move together When they have thus changed Ground they are not to Face to their Leaders till the word of Command be so given At which time they are then in Battalia but at close Order in File And now it is to be observed that the Officers are no more limited to their particular Companies but are all concerned in the whole He that Commands is to see how many Sargeants there are present and dispose of them in this following manner Viz. If a Battalion consist of Eight or Ten Companies or more And the Companies have each Two Sargeants and Three Corporals who are designed to do Sargeants Duty It is necessary to place two on each Rank to the Right and Left and the rest in the Rear But if the number of Sargeants be fewer then there can be but one to each Rank on the Right and Left The remainder always to be in the Rear making a Rank parallel to the Souldiers at Three Paces distance from the last Rank The Sargeants being placed in this manner The Drums are to be disposed of one half on the Right and the other on the Left Ranging directly with the first Rank of the Souldiers unless there be many Drums and the Ground Streight And then they are to be formed into Two Ranks on the Right and Left to range with the Two first Ranks of the Souldiers And they are always to have their Drums slung unless Commanded to the contrary The Hoboys to be on the Right of the Drums which are on the Right of the Battalion ranged in the same Rank with them The Commission-Officers are to take their Posts at the head of the Battalion as the Colours are drawn But the more particular placing of the Officers will be directed hereafter Now it is to be observed That though the Files are still at their close Order the Ranks are to have their Distance of Twelve large Feet which the Sargeants are to be very diligent and active to see kept very even The Officer in Chief is to place himself before the Center of the Pikes about forty Paces from them the better to observe what is done And that he may be more easily understood by the whole Body He is to be on Horse-back The Words of Command are to be given leisurely that the Soldiers may have time to perform the Exercise without confusion And above all Silence is to be kept very strictly And the first Word of Command before you begin the Exercise is Silence When every thing is thus disposed The next Word of Command is Files Open to the Right 〈…〉 Leâ—t to your Order March At which Word every individual man turns to the Hand named and after a little pause tâ—â— Sergeants on the Flank lead tâ—â— Ranks which are theâ— Files directly forward as slow as posâ—ble by the least Steps they 〈◊〉 make with thier Halberts Aâ—vanced the Iron upwards observing always for a Rule To mind the Front that is If they move to the Right every man is to observe his Left hand man And if they move to the Left his Right hand man Assoon as the last man but one of the first Rank stirs his Foot They are to be commanded all to Halt And no man is to stir after that Word In this manner of Opening of Files no man is to stir till his â—eader be Four foot from him â—nd then to move and keep at â—hat Distance which will make â—hem Three foot distance from â—ach other when Faced to the Proper Front Assoon as they are commanded to Halt The next VVord of Command is To your Leader The Captains and Lieutenants are to carry their Pikes Comported always when they move to the Right or Left and the Colours to be Advanced The Sargeants are to be very mindful to keep the Ranks even and at Twelve large feet distance and the Files at Three And for the better keeping Files streight after they are Opened to their Order every man is to look to his Right and Left hand man and to see that he has an equal distance from both especially the File leaders by whom all the rest are governed The next thing is to Draw the Officers from the Front of the Battalion to the Rere which is done by these VVords of Command Have a Care of the Exercise At which VVord of Command the Musketiers are to pull off their Right hand Gloves and put them under their Girdles Officers take your Posts of Exercise in the Rere March VVhich is to be done by the Officers Facing to the Right about The Captains marching at a good round pace in one Rank and the Lieutenants and Colours in another Two paces behind the Captains who as well as the Lieutenants are to carry their Pikes Advanced VVhen they are come into the Rere the Lieutenants and Ensigns are to be in one Rank Eight paces from the Sargeants And the Lieutenants and Ensigns Eight The Captains being from the last Rank of Soldiers Thirteen paces and the Lieutenants and Colours Eleven At the same VVord of Command or
Heel to your Left Instep and your Pike Recovered streight before you with as quick a Motion as in Charging then having turned fall back with your Right Leg as before Charge as before To the Right about Turn your Left Toe to the Right about bringing your Right Heel to it as before and your Pike Recovered as before always with the same quickness Being turned Charge as before As you were You turn your Left Toe to the Left about bringing up your Pike Recovered your Left Hand never to be higher than your Mouth and your Right Heel as before And being turned you fall back with your Right Leg and Charge You must be sure always to bring your Pike streight up and not to swing it about for then 't will clatter against the other Pikes To the Lest Four times To the Left about As you were Advance your Pike Bringing up your Right Heel to your Left Instep and your Pike first before you You fall out with your Right Foot even with your Left and bring your Pike to your Right Thigh Shoulder Lay your Left hand on your Pike even with your Shoulder your Fingers extended bringing your Right Heel to your Left Instep And your Pike right before you then fall back with your Right Leg and put back your Right Arm as far as you well can and holding your Pike half a foot from your Side cast your Eye towards the Spear which you must keep directly to the Rear your Pike sloped and forsaking it with your Left hand bring up your Right Leg and Lay your Pike on your Right Shoulder your Elbow close to your Body The Butt-end half a foot from the ground and in the middle of the distance That is between your Leggs Charge to the Front Fall back with your right Leg and put back your right Arm as far as you can be sure to keep the Spear directly to the Rear and your Pike sloped at the same height with the Spear as when it was shouldered neither higher nor lower Then with your left hand bring the Butt-end of your Pike backwards turning the head of it with your right hand then forsaking it with that hand take hold of the Butt-end and Charge breast-high the palm of your hand open against the Butt-end and your left elbow under your Pike your left toe pointed directly with the Spear of your Pike and be sure to Charge directly forward and not to the Angles your left heel just against the middle of your right foot Shoulder as you were You raise your Pike with both hands then forsaking it with your right hand and turning the head backwards with the left the Spear directly to the Rear take hold of it again with your right as high as you can reach with ease and stand with it as before from your body sloped as before then bringing up your right leg and forsaking your Pike with your left hand lay it on your shoulder When you stand with your Pike from your side you continue it but a very short space Be sure always to keep the Spear directly to the Reer and not to cross your Pike in the exercising it Charge to the Right Fall back with your right arm and leg as before and be sure to keep the Spear to the Rear sloped at the height as when shouldered and turning your left toe to the right fall with your right leg behind your left so that the middlâ— of your right foot may be oveâ— against your left heel Whilâ— you do this bring your Pike up and turn the Butt-end backwardâ— by your right side and taking 〈◊〉 in the palm of your right hand Charge Shoulder as you were Bring your left toe to the left bringing your right foot with thâ— middle against your left heel and your Pike up then with you left hand turn the head of thâ— Pike to the right That is directly to the Rere which must bâ— done together to prevent clattering then taking hold of it witâ— your right hand stand with it iâ— both hands at a little distance from your body as before sloped at the same height as when shouldered then bringing up your right leg lay it on your shoulder Charge to the Right about Fall back with your hand and leg as before and stand with your Pike from your side in the same Posture Then turning the Left toe to the right about bring the Butt-end of your Pike to the right side and falling back with your right leg Charge the Spear of your Pike all this while kept to the Rere the height you are shouldered For you must take great care not to throw the Spear of your Pike higher or drop it lower When you are faced to the Right about level your Pike breast high and Charge as before As you were Turn your left toe to the Leâ—â— about and advancing your right foot one ordinary pace so that the middle of it may be against your left heel then with your leâ—â— hand bring the Butt-end by your left side keeping the Spear exactly to the Reer the same height as before taking great care neither to cross your Pike or to tosâ— the Spear too high laying your right hand as high as you can easily reach stand with it from your Body as before then bring up your right leg and shoulder Charge to the Left Fall back with your Leg and Arm as in the rest then turn the left Toe to the Left and with your left hand turn the Butt-end of your Pike to the Right and bringing up your Right Leg Charge As you were Raise the Spear of your Pike with both hands and turn your left Toe to the right and fall back with your Right leg and Arm the Spear directly to the Reer holding your Pike from your side as before then bring up your Right leg and shoulder Charge to the Left about Fall back with Arm and Leg as before then with both hands bring the Pike over your head keeping the Spear very exactlie to the Rear neither higher nor lower then when shouldered Then turning your left toe to the Left about and bringing up your Right Foot with the middle of it against your left heelâ— Charge As you were Bring your Pike over your head with your left hand falling back with your right leg and putting back your right arm as before keeping the Spear directly to the Rear without crossing hold it from your body then bring up your right leg and shoulder You must be sure to take care to set your feet exactlie or selfe you can never Exercise well Port. As Charging to the Front but that you sink not the Spear of your Pike so low and in stead of letting the Pike rest upon your Left Elbow 't is to rest between the Thumb and fore-Finger and you Elbow close to your Side Comport You bring your Left Hand as far back as you can and stretching out the Right as far as you can at the same time stepping forwaâ—â— with
your Right foot Grasp thâ— Pike with your Right Hand 〈◊〉 far as you can reach have a caâ— not to Toss the Spear too high then forsaking it with your Leâ—â— Hand and falling back wiâ—â— your Right Leg even with yoâ— Left Close the Pike to your Sidâ— the Spear of your Pike about tâ—â— height of your Head Charge to the Front Extend your Right Arm much as you can advancing yoâ— Right Leg at the same motion and putting your Left Hand far back as you can bring forwarâ— your Pike then stepping bacâ— with your Right Leg take holâ— of the Butt-end of it with yoâ— Right hand and Charge taking care not to throw the Spear of the Pike higher then it was when you went to Charge when you Charge Charge always Breast-high Trail Face to the Right about and let the Spear of your Pike fall behind you Quit your Right Hand from the Butt-end of it without stirring your Left you must take care not to bob up the Spear of your Pike which is very ungraceful Charge as you were Turn to the Left about and â—aking the Butt-end of the Pike on the Palm of your Right Hanâ— Charge as before always 〈◊〉 king care not to Toss your Speâ— higher than the Charge Advance your Pikes Bring up your Right Heel 〈◊〉 your Left Instep and your Pâ—â— before you to the Recover 〈◊〉 fall out with your Right Fooâ—ven with your Left and bâ—â— your Pike to your Right Thigh Order your Pikes Lay your Left Hand on yâ—â— Pike even with the top of yoâ— Shoulder your Fingers streiâ—â— out and sinking your Left Hanâ—â— and Raising your Right taâ—â— your Pike so that when the Buâ— â—nd is on the Ground your Right â—and may be against your Eye â—eeping your Pike near your Head the Butt-end to the Latchet of your Shoe When near the Ground hold a little while still that the Butt-ends may all touch â—he Ground together and make put one Thump Pikes to your Inside Order Place the Butt-end of your â—ike on the Inside of your Right foot about the middle of it Be â—ure to move your Pike and not your Foot Lay down your Pikes Stepping forward quick with our Left Leg and stooping all together lay it down streight oâ—ly with your Right Hand Quit your Pikes Falling back with your Let 〈◊〉 even to your Right stand up all together Handle your Pikes Stepping forwards with yoâ— Left Leg quick and stooping together laying your Right Haâ—â— only on your Pike as far as you 〈◊〉 reach Order your Pikes Raise the Pike only with you Right Hand and fall back with your Left Leg You must 〈◊〉 sure when you are Commanded â—o Handle your Pikes to get the Butt-end within the middle of your Right Foot Pikes to your Outside Order Place the Butt-end of your Pike on the Outside of your Foot â—ust to the Latchet of your Shoe â—e fure to move your Pike and â—ot your Foor Advance As before Exercise of Pike and Musket together The Pikes being Advanced and the Muskets Shouldered The word of Command is Musketiers make ready They are to perform all their Postures and the Motions exactly together till they stand Guarded with their Muskets before them Their Thumbs on the Cocks at which time also the Pikes are to be Recovered before them the Butt-ends in the Palms of their Hands and their Pikes upright Their Left Hands the Height of their Mouths and no higher At the Word Charge They are to bring down both Muskets and Pikes together at once And the Pikes with a jerk as if they were to strike one with them They must be sure to turn their Left Toes that way they Charge and their Left Heel directly against the middle of their Right Foot When they Charge they are to Charge directly forward But the Pikes are not to Charge close to one anothers Breasts at first because that makes a clattering but they are to Charge a little way from one anothers Breasts in bringing down their Pikes and after they are Charged then to close them to their Breasts To the Right Charge Four times To the Right about Charge As you Were Charge To the Left Charge Four times To the Left about Charge As you were Charge The Pikemen turn as the Musketiers bringing up their Right Heels to their Left Insteps As they turn they extend their Arms and hold their Muskets streight before them Their Left Hand as high as their Mouth pulling back their Arms and falling back with their Right Legs when they are Faced The Souldiers do not bring down their Arms till the word of Command Charge They must be sure to bring up their Pike and Musket as quick as they bring them down streight before them ere they turn or else the Pikes will clatter Recover your Arms As before Half-bend your Muskets As before Poise your-Muskets As before Shoulder your Muskets As before The Musketiers Shouldering The Pikemen who stood Recovered falling out with their Right Legs bring their Pikes to their Thighs to their Advance Poise your Muskets At which Word of Command the Pikemen are all to joyn their Left Hands to their Pikes the height of their Shoulders Order your Arms. Pikes to your Inside Order Lay down your Arms. Quit your Arms. Tothe Right about March When clear of their Arms they are to disperse and upon the Beat of Drum to run to their Arms with an Huzza their Swords drawn and the points upward Return your Swords Handle your Arms. Order your Arms. Pikes to your Outside Order Poise your Muskets Shoulder your Muskets Advance your Pikes In Ordering their Arms They must be sure to make a little stop before the Butt-ends come to the ground that they may come down all at one Thump After laying down their Arms and quitting them they are all to stand up together and no man to stoop afterwards When they March from their Arms they must be sure to step all together Front and Rear with their Left Feet and to March close to their Arms. When they lay their Right Hands on their Swords they must take hold of the Scabbord with their Left Hand When they have drawn their Swords They must hold them up streight before them as they do their Muskets when poised When they return their Swords They must do it all at one Motion And assoon as they have put up their Swords they must all stand upright to their Arms looking to their proper Front The Pikemen must always when they stand to their Arms lying on the ground get the Butt-end of their Pikes to the middle of the inside of their Feet The easiest and readiest way to teach Soldiers the use of their Arms that they may do it exactly to the Drum Is to give every File-leader the Word of Command in writing of that part of the Exercise viz. The posture of the Pike and Musket only That every File-leader may instruct his File so as to do it exactly to the Drum EXERCISE OF
ready They are all to make the motion of Cocking and Guarding and at the same time the Pikemen to Port their Pikes very low as they stand faced without any word of Command as also the Officers You must fire onely the Two last Ranks together that is The second and third the first of which being to stoop the Front Rank or the first Rank of all is to kneel holding their Muskets so that the two other Ranks may Fire clear of them Assoon as ever the Second and Third Rank have Fired and Recovered their Arms the First Rank is to stand up without any other word of Command with their Muskets Cockt and Guarded ready to Present And at the same time the two other Ranks which have Fired Load their Arms again and Make ready The Pikes are to continue Ported very low all the while till all the three Ranks have Fired After the Front Rank stands up They are to be commanded to Present and Fire and after that to Recover their Arms the Pikemen at the same word of Command being to Recover their Pikes The Front Rank which Fired last and all the rest that have not Primed and Loaded their Arms are to do it or in Exercise to make the moâ—tion of it as they March and are afterwards to Shoulder The Granadiers are to be Ordered as is before mentioned The reason why the Pikes do not Charge when the Musketiers Present but continue Ported is That the Musketiers in firing may not shatter the ends of them with their Shot but when the Musketiers have fired if there be occasion the Pikes may be made to Charge from their Port in the twinkling of an eye Of the Saluting Posture standing An Officer is to stand in the same posture with his Pike Ordered as a private Soldier onely his Arm stretched out holding his Pike at Arms end the Buttend at the same distance from his Right Foot which keeps it upright To Salute standing The Officer is to fall back with the Right Arm and Leg keeping the Spear of his Pike directly 〈◊〉 the Rear sloped just about thâ— same height as a Soldiers Pike 〈◊〉 when it is Shouldered his Leâ—â— Toe to the Front and the middlâ— of his Right Foot against his Leâ—â— Heel his Left Hand stretched ouâ— streight before him he is to take hold of the Pike and turning iâ— with his Right Hand to quit that place he had hold of with his Right Hand and taking hold of the But-end with his Right Hand he is to bring the Spear of the Pike close to the ground but not to touch it his Fingers of both Hands streight out assoon as ever he has brought the Spear so low he is to raise the Pike again and to bring the Spear backward directly to the Rear at the same Height 't was at and bringing up his Right Foot at the same time brings his Pike up to the Order 't was at and then he is to pull off his Hat without bowing and to keep it off till the Person be past whom he Salutes He must be sure to observe to do every Motion leisurely and not too quick And take Care to have his Salute timed so that he may be ready to pull off his Hat just as the person he Salutes comes right against him In Saluting he must take care always to stand Faced directly to the Front or that way the Soldiers Face and to Salute just so let the Person he Salutes come which way he will To Salute Marching Assoon as the Officers approach the Person they are to Salute They must be sure to Shoulder their Pikes from their Comport all together and to take great care that they do not swing them round but onely turn the Spears directly backwards and lay them as level as 't is possible to carry them on their Shoulders their Elbows out When they Salute they must take great care to do every Moâ—tion exactly together and leisurely And therefore 't would be necessary for One to give the Word to the rest And they are to take care that in Saluting they neither stand still nor mend their pace The first motion in Saluting is to dart their Pikes leisurely directly forward upon the same level as they are Shouldered stretching out their Right Hand as far as they can advancing at the same time with the Right Foot and then advancing with the Left Foot bringing the Right Hand back they turn their Pikes the Spear directly forward bringing them near the ground and then raising them again They bring them to their Shoulder upon a direct level as they were Which done They pull off their Hats without bowing and keep them off till they are past by the Person they Salute They must be sure to time their Salute so as to be ready to pull off their Hats just as they come over 〈◊〉 the Person they salute Of the Exercise of Horse THe Exercise of Horse consisting in fewer words of Command than that of Foot iâ— more generally known and there is little alteration to be made from former practice but what is rather for Shew than Use When a Troop or Squadron is to Exercise they must have their Carabines and Pistols Loaden and when the Corporals have been through the Ranks and seen that they are all ready the Officer in Chief Commands Silence and proceeds as followeth Words of Command Lay your Right Hands on your Swords Draw your Swords Put your Swords into your Bridle hands Lay your Hands on your Pistols Draw your Pistols Cock your Pistols Hold up your Hands Give Fire Note that after they have given Fire they must still keep their Hands up till the Word of Command be given to Return their Pistols Return your Pistols The same VVords of Command are given for the other Pistol And then as followeth Lay your Hands on your Carabines Advance your Carabines Cock your Carabines Present your Carabines Fire Let fall your Carabines Take your Swords from your Bridle Hands Return your Swords All which Motions the Officers are to see done exactly at the same time and therefore must not give the VVords of Command too fast VVhen a Body of Horse is Drawn up the Officers are to stand close to their Men onely he who Commands must be a Horse-length before the rest of the Officers and the same is to be observed in Marching for nothing is more unseemly than Officers to be at too great a distance from their Men. It is thought requisite to make an Alteration in the manner of VVheeling of Horse For whereas formerly when a Squadron of Horse was Commanded to VVheel if it were to the Right the Right-hand Men Closed to the Left by which the Ranks were apt to be put out of Order And therefore the Practice now is That the Right-hand Men keep their Ground onely Turning their Horse Heads to the Right whilst the Left comes about In which Motion they must observe their Left-hand Men. It is also necessary to practise Horse
takes care to place the great Guard in a proper place and distance from the Army towards the Enemy choosing for that effect a place where all the Avenues may be discovered There it is to continue during the day and at night is to draw off near the Army at the Head of the Foot When an Army Encamps near an Enemy and there be no river to divide them the General oftentimes Entrenches his Camp and makes his men pass the night under Arms. The Colonel or Officer of Horse who Mounts the Guard is to send off an Out-guard or Advance-guard consisting of twentey four Troopers commanded by a Lieutenant whom he posts where he sees most convenient in a place from whence the country about may be easily discovered The Duty of him who commands the great Guard is to let no person whatsoever passe without an Order to look every where about and to send Notice to the General whenever he discovers any Troops or Forces It is to be observed That the Measure of ground before mentioned is meant onely for Encamping of an Army For if it were to be Ranged in Battel in case of Service the distances between the Battalions or Squadrons are to be greater then in a Camp It must be end eavoured as much as may be That the Second Line be equal to the first keeping the same distance upon the right and Left The Particulars of Encamping a Battalion WHen the Quarter-Master hath his Ground alloted to him for Encamping a Battalion which is commonly One hundred Paces he is to divide it in the manner following Viz. He must allow Seven Foot Square to each Hutt Two Foot to the By-streets and fifteen Foot to the great Streets Every company consisting of fifty men ought to have Ten Hutts And ' there must be the distance of Two Foot between the Hutts The Kitchins must be marked out at Twelve Foot distance from the last Row of Hutts and are to be placed just over against them so that the streets may be open quite through for the Officers to passe easily to the Head of the Camp as there shall be occasion The length of the Kitchins is to be Nine Foot and the breadth six Foot There must be Thirty Paces distance between the soldiers Kitchins and the Front of the Captains Tents Forty Paces distance between the Captains Tents and the Front of the Tents of the subaltern Officers and the remaining Ground is for the Encamping of the Field-Officers and the Captains Equipage The Suttlers are to Encamp behind the Officers Tents The Colonells and Field Officers and Staff-Officers Tents are to be in the Center of the Battalion behind the Tents of the Captains There must be twenty or thirty Pacesâ—et ween one Battalion and another The Sargeants Hutts are to be at the Head of the Soldiers to open the contrary way That is to the Front The Pikes whether they are placed against a Cross or in a Stand must be allowed at Eighteen Foot distance from the Hutts The Muskets at Eighteen Foot distance from the Pikes That is before them The Colours and Drums are to be set within the Hollow of the Pikes The Holberts of the Sargeants that March with the Shot should be placed with the Muskets and those of the Sargeants that March with the Pikes with the Pikes The Particulars of Encamping a Squadron WHen a Quarter-Master of Horse hath his Ground allotted to him for a Squadron which is commonly Fifty Paces He is to divide it in the following manner Viz. He must allow Three Paces for the length of a Baraque and Two Paces distance from the opening of the Baraques to the Stakes to which the Horses are fastened and Three Paces for each Horses standing and Ten Paces for the Street To the Second Troop is to be allowed Two Paces distance three Paces for their Baraques and One Pace distance for the By-streets The third Troop must have two Paces distance three Paces for the Baraques and three Paces for the Horses after which there will remain Fifteen Paces which makes the distance from one Squadron to another If the Squadron be stronger they must have more Ground this being onely for a Squadron of one hundred and fifty Men in three Troops each Troop making but one row of Baraques The Colours are to be placed at Eighteen Foot distance from the Front of the Baraques in the same Line with the Pikes There are commonly ten or twelve Baraques on a row for every Troop of Fifty Men 〈◊〉 there must be at least two Pacâ— distance from one Baraque to 〈◊〉 other For the Kitchins belonging to the Troops the Officers Tentâ— and the Suttlers which attend up on the Troops the same measures are to be observed in proporâ—tion as are used for Encamping 〈◊〉 Foot By a Pace is meant thrâ— Foot Orders for Battel THo there can be no certain Rules given for any Ordeâ— of Battel which depends chiefly upon the Circumstances of Place and other accidents yet these short Directions are to serve for an Example to shew the nature of the thing by a single Battalion You must first of all command Silence at which time the Ranks are to be two good Paces distant and the Files closed in such manner that every Soldier may march at his ease and so Load and Fire which will be best effected by every ones keeping the distance of half a Foot from his Right-hand Man So that they may have liberty of moving their elbows as they March You must Command them to March very slowly to observe the Right in Marching and to preserve the Intervals which are always to be Fifty or Sixty Paces at least and if the Ground will afford it more that Fifty or Sixty of a Battalion may passe through them with ease nothing havâ— ever proved more prejudicial 〈◊〉 Battel then the leaving intervaâ— too strait None is to speak but the Commander in cheif or the Major by his Order who is alwayâ— to attend his commands To a Battalion of ten Companies there are supposed to bâ— besides the Colonel and Lieutenant Colonel Eight Captains and Nine Lieutenants who are to be Posted in the Form of Battel as followeth Colonel and Lieutenant Colonel and Five Captains at the Head of the Pikes 1st 3d Captain at the Head of the right Division of Shot 2d 4th Captain at the Head of the Left Division of Shot 6th Captain in the Rear of the Pikes 7th Captain in the Rear of the Left Wing of Shot 8th Captain in the Rear of the Right Wing of Shot â— st and 3d Lieutenant at the Head of the right wing of shot â— d and 4th Lieutenant at the Head of the Left VVing of shot 5th Lieutenant on the Right Flank 6th Lieutenant on the Left Flank 7th Lieutenant in the Rear of the Pikes 8th Lieutenant in the Rear of the Left VVing of shot 9th Lieutenant in the Rear of the Right Wing of Shot Which Rule is to be obserâ—â— whether the