word_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d etc._n etc._n when_o the_o file-leader_n turn_v his_o face_n about_o to_o the_o pick_n transfer_v the_o whole_a file_n to_o a_o place_n equal_a to_o the_o first_o &_o the_o rest_n follow_v stand_v behind_o he_o or_o else_o when_o the_o bringer-up_a turn_v his_o face_n about_o and_o he_o that_o stand_v next_o before_o he_o pass_v by_o on_o either_o hand_n be_v place_v again_o next_o before_o he_o and_o the_o rest_n follow_v take_v place_v one_o before_o another_o as_o they_o stand_v till_o the_o file_n leader_n be_v first_o ghiklm_a g_o h_o i_o k_n be_v the_o battle_n before_o the_o countermarch_v i_o k_o l_o m_o the_o battle_n after_o the_o countermarch_v which_o have_v leave_v the_o ground_n it_o stand_v in_o before_o and_o take_v the_o ground_n behind_o it_o the_o flank_n be_v change_v as_o in_o the_o former_a figure_n h_n k_o the_o right_a flank_n to_o k_o m_o the_o left_a and_z g_z i_o the_o left_a flank_n to_o i_o l_o the_o right_a but_o the_o front_n g_o h_n be_v bring_v to_o be_v the_o front_n l_o m_o contrary_a to_o the_o former_a where_o the_o front_n of_o both_o figure_n a_o b_o do_v keep_v still_o one_o place_n the_o word_n of_o command_n file_n countermarch_v and_o loose_v ground_n the_o proceed_n of_o this_o countermarch_v be_v contrare_fw-la to_o the_o former_a for_o the_o macedonian_a take_v the_o ground_n before_o the_o battle_n but_o this_o possess_v the_o ground_n after_o the_o battle_n in_o the_o macedonian_a the_o motion_n be_v from_o the_o rear_n to_o the_o front_n in_o this_o the_o motion_n be_v from_o the_o front_n to_o the_o rear_n the_o macedonian_a seem_v to_o run_v away_o but_o the_o lacedaemonian_a to_o charge_n and_o therefore_o it_o be_v prefer_v to_o the_o macedonian_a by_o 27._o by_o aelian_a tact._n c._n 27._o aelian_a because_o say_v he_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d it_o make_v a_o show_n of_o fall_v on_o the_o enemy_n appear_v behind_o whereas_o the_o macedonian_a 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d it_o make_v a_o semblance_n to_o the_o enemy_n appear_v in_o the_o rear_n of_o fly_v away_o neverhelesse_o in_o some_o case_n the_o macedonian_a be_v of_o great_a use_n as_o if_o you_o desire_v to_o gain_v some_o ground_n of_o advantage_n or_o else_o when_o you_o desire_v to_o march_v on_o &_o not_o give_v battle_n for_o by_o it_o you_o do_v noways_o hinder_v your_o march_n but_o continue_v the_o same_o &_o in_o the_o mean_a time_n may_v make_v your_o musquetier_n give_v fire_n upon_o the_o enemy_n so_o that_o you_o both_o march_n &_o fight_v but_o the_o lace_a emonian_n fall_v on_o upon_o the_o enemy_n and_o interupt_v the_o march_n 6.605_o march_n zenephon_n bistor_n grec_fw-la lib._n 6.605_o agesilaus_n the_o lacedaemonian_a general_n seem_v to_o have_v use_v this_o countermarch_v when_o he_o make_v his_o army_n to_o march_v out_o of_o the_o strait_n of_o mantinaea_n perceive_v that_o his_o enemy_n be_v to_o charge_v his_o rear_n from_o the_o hill_n he_o make_v his_o reare-guarde_n to_o countermarch_v and_o go_v out_o of_o the_o strait_n himself_o stay_v last_o with_o the_o avantguarde_n the_o examine_v 4.519_o examine_v zenoph_n hist_o grec_fw-la lib._n 4.519_o agesilaus_n have_v embattel_v his_o troop_n at_o coronea_n against_o the_o theban_n himself_o have_v the_o right_a wing_n of_o the_o phalanx_n &_o put_v the_o argive_n on_o the_o left_a wing_n of_o the_o theban_a army_n to_o flight_n but_o the_o theban_n have_v beat_v the_o orchemenians_n who_o be_v upon_o his_o left_a wing_n force_v a_o passage_n through_o they_o to_o the_o baggage_n which_o he_o understanding_n do_v present_o countermarch_v his_o phalanx_n &_o lead_v against_o they_o where_o after_o a_o fnrious_a chocke_n he_o kill_v many_o of_o they_o and_o many_o flee_v away_o to_o helicon_n after_o their_o confederate_n the_o persian_a or_o cretan_a countermarch_v use_v by_o the_o persian_n and_o cretan_n be_v also_o call_v chorean_n from_o the_o similitude_n of_o the_o grecian_a dance_n which_o â—he_v dancer_n call_v chorus_n use_v for_o they_o order_v themselves_o in_o rank_n and_o file_n and_o dance_v one_o through_o another_o keep_v the_o same_o bound_n of_o the_o place_n this_o countermarch_v be_v describe_v by_o 27._o by_o aelian_a tact._n c._n 27._o aelian_a in_o those_o word_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d etc._n etc._n the_o chorean_a be_v when_o the_o file-leader_n turn_v to_o the_o pick_n or_o the_o target_n precee_v the_o file_n the_o rest_n follow_v till_o the_o leader_n have_v get_v the_o place_n of_o the_o bringer-up_a &_o the_o bringer_n up_o the_o place_n of_o the_o leader_n the_o bedie_n move_v joynthie_a together_o so_o that_o this_o countermarch_v maintain_v and_o keep_v the_o examine_v grind_v the_o battle_n stand_v in_o and_o this_o be_v our_o modern_a countermarch_v which_o we_o use_v in_o our_o exercease_n nopq_fw-fr you_o see_v the_o figure_n n_o o_fw-fr p_o q_o where_o the_o file-leader_n of_o every_o file_n with_o their_o next_o follower_n that_o be_v to_o say_v the_o first_o two_o rank_n be_v turn_v to_o the_o right_a hand_n and_o have_v begin_v to_o countermarch_v and_o be_v in_o the_o distance_n betwixt_o the_o file_n so_o that_o the_o two_o last_o of_o every_o file_n that_o be_v the_o 10._o and_o 9_o rank_n have_v march_v up_o with_o the_o rest_n to_o the_o front_n n_o o._n and_o have_v leave_v the_o place_n of_o the_o rear_n p_o q_n so_o much_o void_a as_o the_o first_o two_o rank_n have_v march_v through_o the_o file_n from_o the_o place_n of_o the_o front_n so_o that_o the_o file-leader_n shall_v march_v until_o they_o come_v to_o the_o place_n of_o the_o bringers-up_a p_o q._n and_o the_o bringer_n up_o till_o they_o come_v to_o the_o place_n of_o the_o file_n leader_n n_o o._n and_o there_o do_v stand_v and_o face_n about_o with_o the_o rest_n captain_n 28._o captain_n bingam_fw-la in_o his_o note_n upon_o aelian_o tact._n c._n 28._o bingam_n express_v this_o motion_n more_o livelie_a by_o figure_n of_o arm_a pickeman_n the_o word_n of_o command_n file_n to_o the_o right_a hand_n countermarch_v file_n to_o the_o left_a hand_n countermarch_v our_o word_n of_o command_n be_v string_n to_o the_o right_a hand_n countermarch_v string_n to_o the_o left_a hand_n countermarch_v because_o this_o chorean_a countermarch_v be_v that_o which_o be_v use_v in_o our_o exercease_n do_v how_o the_o motion_n of_o this_o countermarch_v be_v do_v i_o will_v show_v you_o how_o the_o motion_n be_v perform_v if_o the_o word_n of_o command_n be_v to_o countermarch_v to_o the_o right_a hand_n than_o all_o the_o file-leader_n at_o one_o instant_a stepe_v forward_o with_o the_o right_a leg_n and_o bring_v about_o their_o left_a leg_n turn_v their_o body_n to_o the_o right_a hand_n and_o so_o march_v down_o through_o the_o file_n till_o they_o come_v to_o the_o place_n of_o the_o bringers-up_a where_o they_o shall_v stand_v the_o rest_n that_o follow_v the_o file-leader_n must_v not_o offer_v to_o turn_v before_o they_o have_v come_v up_o to_o the_o place_n of_o the_o file-leader_n if_o the_o command_n be_v to_o the_o left_a hand_n then_o the_o file-leader_n must_v step_v forward_o with_o the_o left_a leg_n and_o bring_v about_o the_o right_a leg_n turn_v their_o body_n to_o the_o left_a hand_n &_o march_v down_o as_o the_o former_a the_o figure_n n_o o_fw-fr p_o qui_fw-fr show_v a_o countermarch_v to_o the_o right_a hand_n the_o other_o to_o the_o left_a hand_n by_o it_o may_v be_v easy_o understand_v for_o if_o you_o make_v the_o file-leader_n to_o turn_v towards_o n_n p._n which_o you_o see_v now_o turn_v towards_o o_fw-la q._n it_o shall_v be_v a_o countermarch_v to_o the_o left_a hand_n it_o seem_v to_o i_o to_o be_v this_o chorean_a countermarch_v whereof_o the_o emperor_n 65._o emperor_n leo_fw-la tact._n c._n 12_o §_o 65._o lee_n speak_v give_v this_o word_n of_o command_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d it_o be_v to_o be_v observe_v in_o this_o motion_n of_o countermarch_v that_o cuerie_n follower_n remark_n his_o leader_n and_o his_o right_a hand_n man_n that_o by_o they_o he_o may_v keep_v a_o due_a distance_n for_o otherwise_o the_o least_o disorder_n in_o this_o motion_n will_v breed_v a_o confusion_n of_o the_o whole_a body_n observe_v also_o that_o this_o motion_n of_o countermarch_v not_o be_v do_v but_o at_o open_a order_n also_o it_o ought_v not_o to_o be_v practise_v when_o the_o enemy_n be_v near_a hand_n for_o if_o the_o enemy_n shall_v sudden_o charge_v a_o battle_n while_o it_o be_v counterraarch_v he_o shall_v assure_o overthrow_v it_o so_o that_o in_o this_o case_n the_o best_a expedient_a be_v to_o face_n about_o your_o battle_n the_o use_n of_o countermarch_v of_o file_n be_v if_o the_o enemy_n appear_v in_o the_o rear_n and_o come_v to_o charge_v you_o
and_o the_o whole_a body_n turn_v about_o he_o until_o the_o front_n of_o the_o battle_n be_v in_o a_o evin_a line_n with_o the_o right_a flank_n of_o the_o former_a the_o battle_n after_o the_o wheel_a be_v abcd_v whereof_o bd_o be_v the_o front_n dc_o the_o right_a hand_n file_n bd_o fall_v as_o it_o be_v perpendicular_a upon_o the_o former_a front_n cd_o make_v the_o angle_n bd_o c_o a_o right_a angle_n dc_o fall_n as_o it_o be_v parallel_v unto_o the_o former_a front_n the_o other_o figure_n be_v a_o wheel_v to_o the_o left_a which_o by_o the_o former_a you_o may_v easy_o understand_v for_o the_o left_a hand_n file_n leader_n i._o have_v also_o this_o mark_n *_o stand_v still_o and_o the_o whole_a battle_n move_v about_o he_o to_o the_o left_a leave_v the_o place_n they_o stand_v in_o iklm_n and_o take_v the_o place_n ghik_fw-mi the_o front_n of_o the_o battle_n before_o the_o wheeling_n be_v ik_fw-mi the_o left_a hand_n file_n il_fw-fr the_o front_n after_o the_o wheeling_n be_v give_v the_o left_a hand_n file_v ik_fw-mi which_o be_v parallel_n unto_o the_o former_a front_n and_o give_v fall_n upon_o i_o k_o &_o make_v the_o like_a angle_n as_o be_v in_o the_o former_a figure_n after_o you_o have_v make_v they_o close_a rank_n and_o file_n the_o word_n of_o command_n for_o epistrophe_n be_v wheel_v your_o battle_n to_o the_o right_a hand_n wheel_v your_o battle_n to_o the_o left_a hand_n our_o word_n of_o command_n be_v the_o great_a turn_n to_o the_o right_n about_o the_o great_a turn_n to_o the_o leave_v about_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d say_v 24._o say_v aelian_a tact._n c._n 24._o aelian_a 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d perispasmus_n or_o wheeling_n about_o be_v a_o motion_n of_o the_o battle_n in_o two_o epistrophe_n or_o single_a wheelinge_n whereby_o the_o front_n be_v bring_v in_o place_n of_o the_o rear_n in_o perform_v of_o the_o motion_n you_o must_v do_v all_o as_o before_o in_o epistrophe_n except_o that_o your_o battle_n must_v make_v a_o half_a turn_n towards_o the_o rear_n to_o the_o right_n or_o lefthand_n whereas_o before_o it_o make_v only_o a_o quarter_n turn_v to_o the_o right_n or_o left_a hand_n so_o that_o epistrophe_n bring_v the_o front_n of_o the_o battle_n to_o either_o of_o the_o plank_n perishasmus_n bring_v the_o front_n to_o the_o rear_n as_o you_o see_v in_o the_o figure_n follow_v vxyzabc_n nopqr_v the_o figure_n n_o o_fw-fr p_o qui_fw-fr r_n be_v a_o perispasmus_n or_o wheeling_n about_o to_o the_o rear_n by_o the_o right_a hand_n where_o the_o left_a hand_n fileleader_n q*_n stand_v still_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o body_n move_v about_o he_o a_o half_a turn_n until_o they_o be_v all_o face_a to_o the_o rear_n and_o leave_v the_o place_n they_o stand_v in_o p_o q_o s_o t_o and_o take_v the_o place_n n_o o_fw-fr q_o r_o so_o that_o it_o fall_v upon_o the_o other_o like_o a_o quadrant_a upon_o a_o other_o angle_v the_o right_a hand_n fileleader_n be_v the_o point_n of_o the_o angle_n to_o they_o both_o the_o front_n before_o the_o wheel_a be_v p_o q_o the_o right_a hand_n file_n q_o t_o the_o front_n after_o the_o wheel_a q_o r_o the_o right_a hand_n file_n q_o n_n which_o fall_v in_o a_o right_a line_n with_o the_o former_a qui_fw-fr t._n the_o other_o figure_n be_v a_o perispasmus_n or_o wheel_v about_o by_o the_o left_a hand_n where_o the_o body_n move_v about_o the_o left_a hand_n fileleader_n z*_n to_o the_o leave_v make_v a_o half_a turn_n till_o they_o be_v all_o face_a to_o the_o rear_n and_o leave_v the_o place_n they_o stand_v in_o z_o a_o b_o c_o &_o take_v the_o place_n five_o x_o y_fw-fr z._n the_o tront_n before_o the_o wherling_n be_v z_o a_o the_o left_a hand_n file_n z_o b_o the_o front_n after_o the_o wheel_a be_v y_o z_o the_o left_a hand_n file_n z_o x_o which_o fall_v in_o a_o right_a line_n with_o z_o b._n observe_v that_o the_o corner_n fileleader_n about_o who_o the_o battle_n be_v turn_v either_o to_o the_o flank_n or_o to_o the_o rear_n which_o i_o have_v mark_v so*_n be_v say_v to_o stand_v still_o not_o in_o respect_n of_o motion_n but_o of_o alter_v of_o ground_n for_o they_o do_v also_o move_v in_o their_o own_o place_n where_o they_o stand_v not_o change_v the_o ground_n only_o face_v to_o the_o hand_n they_o wheel_n but_o all_o the_o rest_n change_v the_o ground_n and_o move_v to_o the_o flank_n or_o the_o rear_n as_o the_o command_n be_v the_o word_n of_o command_n for_o perispasmus_n after_o close_v the_o battle_n be_v wheel_v your_o battle_n to_o the_o right-hand_n about_o wheel_v your_o battle_n to_o the_o left_a hand_n about_o our_o word_n of_o command_n be_v the_o great_a turn_n to_o the_o right_a round_o about_o the_o great_a turn_n to_o the_o leave_v round_o about_o the_o reducement_n from_o a_o wheel_v which_o the_o 31._o the_o a_o lian_n tact._n c._n 24._o etc._n etc._n 31._o greek_n call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d be_v thus_o perform_v if_o you_o make_v a_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d or_o quarter_n turn_v to_o either_o hand_n you_o must_v first_o face_v they_o to_o the_o contrary_a hand_n and_o then_o wheel_v the_o battle_n back_o to_o the_o place_n it_o stand_v in_o before_o and_o after_o they_o have_v face_v again_o as_o they_o be_v open_v rank_n and_o file_n and_o so_o they_o shall_v be_v bring_v to_o their_o first_o station_n many_o do_v not_o use_v a_o face_n in_o this_o reducement_n but_o if_o you_o have_v make_v a_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d or_o half_a turn_n to_o reduce_v the_o battle_n you_o must_v yet_o make_v another_o perispasmus_n or_o wheel_v about_o to_o the_o same_o hand_n as_o if_o you_o wheel_v about_o to_o the_o right_a hand_n you_o must_v yet_o wheel_v about_o to_o the_o right_a hand_n if_o you_o wheel_v about_o to_o the_o left_a hand_n you_o must_v yet_o wheel_v about_o to_o the_o left_a and_o then_o open_a rank_n and_o file_n and_o so_o your_o battle_n shall_v be_v reduce_v to_o its_o first_o station_n observe_v that_o the_o remote_a the_o soldier_n be_v from_o the_o fileleader_n that_o stand_v and_o the_o near_o they_o approach_v to_o the_o opposite_a corner_n the_o swift_a pace_n they_o must_v move_v in_o wheel_v because_o they_o make_v a_o great_a arc_n of_o a_o circle_n and_o therefore_o have_v more_o bound_n to_o walk_v for_o every_o rank_n of_o the_o battle_n in_o wheel_v considder_v as_o a_o rhombe_n describe_v a_o quadrant_a or_o semi_a circle_n according_a as_o the_o wheel_a be_v to_o the_o flank_n or_o the_o rear_n about_o the_o corner_n fileleader_n as_o a_o centre_n and_o you_o know_v that_o of_o many_o circle_n describe_v about_o one_o centre_n take_v proportionable_a arcs_fw-la they_o shall_v be_v unequal_a in_o bigness_n for_o the_o remote_a the_o circle_n be_v from_o the_o centre_n the_o great_a the_o arcs_fw-la of_o they_o be_v as_o you_o see_v in_o the_o figure_n follow_v abcdefg_v f_o g_o and_o d_o e_z and_z b_o c_z be_v proportionable_a arcs_fw-la of_o three_o circle_n describe_v about_o the_o centre_n a_o whereof_o you_o see_v f_o g_z to_o be_v the_o big_a because_o it_o be_v remote_a &_o b_o c_o the_o least_o because_o it_o be_v near_a to_o the_o centre_n a._n suppose_v then_o three_o man_n be_v place_v the_o one_o in_o f_o the_o nixt_v in_o d_o the_o three_o in_o b_o and_o be_v to_o make_v their_o course_n the_o one_o to_z g_z the_o next_o to_o e_o the_o three_o to_o c_o which_o they_o behove_v to_o make_v in_o equal_a time_n it_o be_v certain_a that_o he_o who_o go_v from_o d_o to_z e_z must_v go_v more_o swift_o than_o he_o who_o go_v from_o b_o to_z c_z because_o his_o bound_n be_v great_a and_o he_o who_o walk_v from_o f_o to_o g_z must_v go_v yet_o a_o swift_a pace_n than_o he_o who_o go_v from_o d_o to_z e_z because_o his_o arc_n be_v geat_a hence_o it_o be_v clear_a that_o the_o remote_a the_o soldier_n be_v from_o the_o file_n leader_n about_o who_o they_o turn_v the_o swift_a pace_n they_o must_v go_v because_o they_o describe_v the_o great_a arcs_fw-la and_o the_o file-bringer_n up_o who_o be_v diagonallie_o opposite_a to_o the_o file-leader_n that_o stand_v as_o centre_n describe_v the_o great_a arc_n of_o all_o for_o lack_v of_o this_o consideration_n i_o have_v see_v much_o disorder_n in_o wheel_v of_o a_o battle_n there_o be_v another_o kind_n of_o wheel_v use_v in_o the_o low_a country_n exercise_n which_o be_v a_o wheel_a by_o the_o centre_n to_o either_o hand_n or_o to_o either_o hand_n about_o it_o be_v thus_o perform_v the_o middle_a file-leader_n of_o the_o flank_n to_o which_o they_o wheel_n stand_v still_o as_o the_o centre_n all_o the_o rest_n move_v about_o
he_o the_o one_o half_a fall_v backward_o the_o other_o half_o advance_v forward_o according_a as_o the_o command_n be_v to_o wheel_n if_o the_o command_n be_v to_o the_o right_a hand_n the_o right_a flank_n middle_a file-leader_n stand_v still_o and_o all_o those_o of_o the_o right_a flank_n go_v backward_o the_o left_a flank_n forward_o if_o to_o the_o left_a hand_n the_o left_a flank_n middle_a file_n leader_n stand_v the_o left_a flank_n move_v backward_o and_o the_o right_a forward_o until_o they_o have_v all_o make_v their_o quarterturne_a or_o half_a turn_n as_o the_o word_n be_v to_o wheel_n to_o the_o flank_n or_o the_o rear_n abcdefgh_n this_o figure_n be_v a_o wheel_a of_o the_o battle_n by_o the_o centre_n to_o the_o right_a hand_n where_o the_o five_o file_n leader_n d*_n do_v stand_v as_o the_o centre_n the_o body_n have_v move_v about_o he_o the_o right_a flank_n f_o c_o falling_z backward_o &_o the_o left_a flank_n a_o b_o advancing_z forward_z until_o they_o have_v leave_v the_o place_n d_o e_o g_o h_o and_o take_v the_o ground_n a_o b_o c_o f._n d_o e_z be_v a_o part_n of_o the_o front_n before_o the_o wheel_a e_z h_n the_o right_a flank_n b_o f_o be_v the_o front_n after_o the_o wheel_a f_o c_o the_o right_a flank_n the_o number_n of_o the_o file_n be_v set_v down_o in_o the_o rear_n of_o both_o the_o figure_n because_o i_o have_v no_o place_n to_o set_v they_o in_o the_o front_n for_o the_o intersection_n of_o the_o two_o front_n by_o this_o you_o may_v also_o easy_o conceive_v a_o wheel_a to_o the_o left_a for_o make_v the_o sixth_o file_n leader_n to_o stand_v &_o the_o right_a flank_n f_o c_o to_o move_n forward_o and_o the_o left_a flank_n b_o a_o to_o fall_v backward_o and_o make_v a_o quarter_n turn_v until_o the_o front_n b_o f_o shall_v be_v convert_v to_o the_o left_a hand_n likewise_o you_o may_v consider_v a_o wheel_a to_o the_o right_n or_o leave_v about_o if_o you_o cause_v the_o body_n make_v a_o half_a turn_n to_o either_o hand_n until_o the_o front_n be_v towards_o the_o rear_n so_o that_o b_o f_o shall_v fall_v parallel_n unto_o the_o former_a front_n whereas_o now_o it_o cut_n it_o perpendicularlie_o the_o word_n of_o command_n for_o this_o motion_n wheel_v your_o battle_n by_o the_o centre_n to_o the_o right_a hand_n wheel_v your_o battle_n by_o the_o centre_n to_o the_o left_a hand_n wheel_v your_o battle_n by_o the_o centre_n to_o the_o right_n or_o to_o the_o lefth_n and_o about_o this_o wheel_a do_v not_o alter_v the_o ground_n so_o much_o as_o the_o other_o wheeling_n the_o use_n of_o this_o motion_n wheeling_n the_o use_n of_o wheeling_n be_v when_o the_o enemy_n come_v to_o assault_v you_o in_o any_o one_o place_n as_o on_o either_o of_o the_o flank_n or_o the_o rear_n you_o turn_v the_o front_n of_o your_o battle_n towards_o he_o and_o so_o bring_v your_o best_a man_n to_o fight_v with_o he_o which_o good_a commander_n be_v always_o accustom_v to_o do_v as_o i_o show_v before_o but_o if_o he_o come_v to_o charge_v you_o on_o more_o place_n than_o one_o as_o in_o the_o flank_n and_o the_o rear_n or_o in_o the_o front_n and_o the_o rear_n or_o in_o the_o front_n and_o the_o flank_n wheeling_n will_v do_v you_o no_o good_a your_o only_a remeade_n will_v be_v to_o face_n about_o and_o receive_v his_o charge_n by_o this_o motion_n pyrrho_n motion_n plutar._n in_o pyrrho_n pyrrhus_n overthrow_v arieius_n king_n of_o lacedaemon_n and_o 21._o and_o polyb._n hict_a lib._n 1._o sect._n 21._o amilcar_n defeat_v spendius_n with_o the_o rest_n of_o his_o rebel_n see_v the_o history_n for_o i_o will_v not_o birding_n this_o small_a treatise_n with_o many_o allegation_n observe_v that_o epistrophe_n and_o perispasmus_n be_v in_o the_o whole_a battle_n the_o same_o which_o clisis_fw-la and_o metabole_fw-la be_v in_o a_o particular_a soldier_n for_o as_o their_o turn_n the_o face_n of_o the_o soldier_n to_o the_o flank_n or_o the_o rear_n keep_v still_o his_o place_n so_o do_v the_o other_o turn_v the_o face_n or_o front_n of_o the_o whole_a battle_n to_o the_o flank_n or_o the_o rear_n change_v the_o ground_n there_o be_v another_o kind_n of_o wheel_v which_o be_v when_o the_o wing_n be_v wheel_v into_o the_o body_n &_o this_o be_v do_v either_o towards_o the_o front_n or_o towards_o the_o rear_n if_o towards_o the_o front_n than_o you_o command_v the_o middle_a file_n leader_n to_o stand_v still_o i_o mean_v from_o change_v of_o ground_n not_o from_o motion_n for_o they_o move_v in_o their_o own_o place_n and_o the_o right_a wing_n to_o wheel_n forward_o to_o the_o left_a about_o its_o own_o middle_a fileleader_n transfer_v their_o face_n to_o the_o contrary_a wing_n the_o left_a wing_n in_o the_o same_o time_n wheel_v forward_o to_o the_o right_n about_o the_o other_o middle_a fileleader_n meet_v the_o other_o wing_n in_o the_o midst_n face_n to_o face_n then_o the_o commander_n bid_v the_o right_a wing_n face_n to_o the_o right_a hand_n and_o the_o leftw_n to_o the_o left_a hand_n &_o so_o they_o shall_v all_o have_v their_o aspect_n towards_o the_o front_n if_o the_o wheel_a be_v towards_o the_o rear_n you_o must_v first_o face_n your_o battle_n about_o by_o either_o hand_n than_o the_o bringersup_n of_o the_o middle_a file_n who_o be_v now_o become_v leader_n stand_v still_o &_o both_o the_o wing_n shall_v move_v about_o the_o bringersup_n the_o one_o to_o the_o right_a hand_n the_o other_o to_o the_o left_a till_o they_o meet_v other_o in_o the_o midst_n as_o do_v the_o former_a then_o the_o commander_n may_v bring_v their_o aspect_n to_o the_o front_n or_o the_o rear_n as_o he_o please_v iklmnopq_fw-fr this_o figure_n be_v a_o wheling_n of_o the_o wing_n into_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o battle_n towards_o the_o front_n where_o you_o see_v the_o right_a wing_n k_o l_o o_fw-fr p_o to_o bee_n wheel_v to_o the_o left_a hand_n about_o the_o middle_a fileleader_n k*_n &_o the_o left_a wing_n i_o k_o m_o n_n to_o be_v wheel_v to_o the_o right_n about_o its_o own_o middle_a fileleader_n mark_v also_o k*_n and_o you_o must_v conceive_v those_o two_o wing_n to_o move_v still_o on_o until_o they_o meet_v other_o the_o pick_v join_v with_o the_o pick_v and_o the_o musquetier_n with_o the_o musquetier_n and_o then_o the_o left_a hand_n file_n of_o the_o left_a wing_n i_o m_o shall_v come_v in_o evin_fw-fr line_n with_o the_o right_a hand_n file_n of_o the_o right_a wing_n l_o p_o make_o thereof_o the_o front_n of_o the_o battle_n after_o they_o be_v turn_v and_o the_o file_n k_o n_o shall_v come_v in_o a_o evin_a line_n with_o k_o o_o make_v thereof_o the_o rear_n n_n q_o o_o be_v a_o part_n of_o the_o ground_n where_o the_o battle_n stand_v before_o it_o begin_v to_o wheel_n but_o if_o you_o wheel_n your_o battle_n towards_o the_o rear_n you_o must_v conceive_v n_n and_o o_o to_o be_v join_v &_o to_o stand_v still_o and_o the_o right_a wing_n after_o it_o be_v face_v about_o to_o wheel_n to_o the_o right_a hand_n about_o o_o &_o the_o left_a wing_n to_o wheel_n to_o the_o left_a hand_n about_o n_n until_o they_o meet_v other_o face_n to_o face_n so_o that_o the_o file_n i_o mâ—_n shall_v come_v in_o evin_fw-fr line_n with_o l_o p._n the_o word_n of_o command_n for_o this_o motion_n be_v wheel_n the_o wing_n into_o the_o midst_n of_o your_o battle_n or_o wheel_n your_o battle_n to_o the_o right_n &_o left_a hand_n by_o division_n towards_o the_o front_n or_o towards_o the_o rear_n the_o use_n of_o this_o wheel_a be_v to_o bring_v all_o your_o musquetier_n or_o all_o your_o pick_v to_o the_o front_n as_o occasion_n shall_v serve_v and_o therewith_o to_o double_v your_o front_n the_o musquetier_n be_v bring_v to_o the_o front_n by_o wheel_v towards_o the_o front_n if_o they_o be_v before_o on_o the_o flank_n the_o pick_v be_v bring_v to_o the_o front_n by_o wheel_v towards_o the_o rear_n if_o they_o be_v before_o in_o the_o middle_a suppose_v then_o that_o a_o troop_n of_o the_o enemy_n horse_n be_v come_v to_o charge_v your_o front_n or_o your_o rear_n mind_v also_o to_o encompass_v your_o wing_n by_o this_o wheel_a of_o the_o wing_n into_o the_o midst_n of_o your_o battle_n with_o one_o labour_n you_o both_o bring_v your_o pick_v against_o the_o enemy_n horse_n and_o double_v the_o length_n of_o your_o battle_n to_o eschew_v overwinging_a this_o wheel_a have_v only_o a_o quarterturne_v but_o if_o you_o will_v make_v a_o half_a turn_n either_o to_o the_o front_n or_o the_o rear_n you_o shall_v bring_v the_o pick_v to_o both_o flank_n if_o they_o be_v before_o in_o the_o mid_n as_o in_o the_o former_a figure_n if_o you_o shall_v make_v a_o
tact._n c._n 14._o §_o 69._o leo_n and_o also_o be_v place_v in_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o battle_n or_o in_o the_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d describe_v by_o 8._o by_o aelian_a tact._n c._n 8._o aelian_a or_o yet_o be_v insert_v between_o the_o file_n of_o the_o arm_a man_n as_o in_o the_o 30._o the_o aeiian_a tact._n c._n 30._o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d how_o can_v the_o light_n arm_v i_o say_v and_o chief_o archer_n do_v any_o service_n how_o can_v they_o do_v any_o harm_n to_o their_o e_z nemy_n without_o endamnadge_v their_o own_o phalanx_n or_o maniple_n the_o doubt_n be_v alike_o and_o yet_o the_o ancient_n many_o time_n be_v accustom_v to_o use_v this_o form_n of_o embattel_v there_o be_v no_o question_n then_o but_o our_o pickman_n with_o their_o bow_n may_v do_v the_o same_o execution_n as_o do_v the_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d or_o velite_n yea_o in_o this_o respect_n they_o have_v a_o great_a advantage_n above_o their_o archer_n see_v they_o have_v to_o shoot_v their_o arrow_n over_o the_o head_n of_o 16_o deep_a attour_n the_o depth_n of_o their_o own_o body_n but_o the_o last_o rank_n of_o your_o pickeman_n have_v to_o shoot_v over_o the_o head_n of_o 9_o deep_a only_a al._n way_n you_o shall_v consider_v that_o the_o enemy_n must_v be_v at_o a_o far_a distance_n when_o the_o whole_a battle_n shoot_v off_o otherways_o when_o he_o come_v nigh_o to_o charge_n as_o seldom_o he_o will_v do_v if_o this_o weapon_n be_v right_o use_v they_o must_v shoot_v a_o straight_o shoot_v and_o then_o the_o last_o rank_n can_v hardly_o let_v flee_v their_o arrow_n except_o the_o first_o rank_n charge_v at_o footte_n as_o i_o say_v in_o which_o case_n the_o first_o rank_n recover_v their_o pick_n fasten_v their_o bow_n come_v up_o to_o close_a order_n &_o charge_v their_o pick_n against_o the_o enemy_n the_o last_o rank_n stand_v still_o at_o their_o shoot_a posture_n this_o bow_n be_v very_o steadable_a in_o warlike_a service_n musket_n wherein_o the_o bow_n excel_v the_o musket_n and_o although_o the_o use_n thereof_o be_v almost_o quite_o extinguish_v by_o the_o furious_a execution_n which_o the_o musket_n appear_v to_o make_v yet_o i_o will_v prove_v it_o to_o surpass_v the_o musket_n in_o many_o respect_n first_o in_o sureness_n because_o a_o archer_n can_v miss_v to_o nock_v his_o arrow_n and_o to_o shoot_v off_o but_o a_o musketeer_n may_v fail_v of_o his_o shot_n by_o sundry_a accident_n as_o by_o roll_v out_o of_o the_o bullet_n by_o a_o bad_a match_n a_o match_n not_o right_o cock_v by_o evil_a powder_n or_o wet_a powder_n in_o his_o pan_n and_o such_o like_a and_o i_o have_v oftentimes_o see_v a_o rank_n of_o musquetier_n have_v present_v and_o give_v fire_n that_o three_o or_o four_o of_o ten_o have_v fail_v of_o their_o shot_n &_o you_o must_v know_v that_o in_o service_n there_o be_v no_o time_n to_o prime_n again_o or_o to_o right_v their_o match_n for_o they_o must_v fall_v away_o with_o the_o rest_n of_o their_o rank_n and_o make_v place_n to_o the_o next_o rank_n to_o give_v fire_n again_o it_o surpass_v the_o musket_n in_o readiness_n for_o a_o archer_n shall_v shoot_v six_o arrow_n at_o the_o least_o before_o a_o musketeer_n have_v dismount_v his_o musket_n vncocked_a his_o match_n blow_v his_o pan_n prime_v shoot_v his_o pan_n cast_v off_o his_o loose_a powder_n cast_v about_o his_o musket_n charge_v draw_v out_o his_o succourer_n shorten_v his_o succourer_n &_o do_v all_o there_a of_o the_o posturs_n which_v be_v requisite_a for_o the_o right_n use_v of_o the_o musket_n also_o the_o musket_n as_o all_o fiery_a wapon_n be_v dangerous_a to_o they_o who_o be_v unskilful_a for_o a_o unexpert_a man_n may_v spoil_v himself_o and_o many_o about_o he_o which_o inconvenient_a be_v notsubject_n to_o the_o bow_n last_o it_o excel_v the_o musket_n in_o execution_n and_o plurality_n of_o volley_n for_o a_o whole_a battallion_n of_o archer_n or_o pickman_n with_o their_o bow_n may_v shoot_v off_o all_o together_o whereas_o one_o rank_n only_o of_o musquetier_n can_v give_v fire_n at_o once_o unless_o the_o rest_n will_v either_o shoot_v at_o random_n or_o else_o kill_v their_o leader_n so_o that_o in_o a_o battallion_n of_o 200_o man_n half_o pick_v half_a musquetier_n the_o pickman_n shall_v shoot_v 100_o arrow_n for_o 10_o shot_n of_o musket_n wherefore_o so_o many_o flight_n of_o 100_o arrow_n follow_v sudden_o and_o continual_o after_o other_o upon_o the_o enemy_n battallion_n shall_v assure_o so_o terrify_v and_o disorder_v they_o that_o they_o shall_v be_v force_v rather_o to_o save_v themselves_o by_o flight_n than_o either_o follow_v or_o a_o abide_v the_o charge_n of_o what_o esteem_n the_o bow_n be_v in_o ancient_a time_n and_o how_o serviceable_a in_o war_n 15._o war_n veget._n de_fw-fr re_fw-la milit_fw-la lib._n 1._o c._n 15._o vegetius_n cit_v the_o book_n of_o cato_n de_fw-fr disciplinâ_fw-la militari_fw-la and_o show_v the_o example_n of_o claudius_n and_o scipio_n africanus_n who_o by_o this_o weapon_n overcome_v their_o enemy_n who_o otherwise_o they_o can_v not_o have_v match_v his_o word_n be_v those_o quamtum_fw-la autem_fw-la utilitatis_fw-la boni_fw-la sagittarij_fw-la in_o preliis_fw-la habeant_fw-la &_o cato_n in_o libris_fw-la de_fw-la disciplinâ_fw-la militari_fw-la evidenter_fw-la ostendit_fw-la &_o claudius_n pluribus_fw-la jaculatoribus_fw-la ante_fw-la institutis_fw-la atque_fw-la perdoctis_fw-la hestem_fw-la cvi_fw-la prius_fw-la impar_fw-la faerat_fw-la superavit_fw-la africanus_n quidem_fw-la scipio_n cum_fw-la adversum_fw-la numantinos_n qui_fw-la exercitum_fw-la populi_fw-la romani_fw-la sub_fw-la jugum_fw-la miserant_fw-la esset_fw-la acie_n certaturus_fw-la aliter_fw-la superiorem_fw-la se_fw-la futurum_fw-la esse_fw-la non_fw-la credidit_fw-la nisi_fw-la in_o omnibus_fw-la centuriis_fw-la lectos_fw-la sagitarios_fw-la miscuisset_fw-la the_o emperor_n â—ultimo_fw-la emperor_n leo._n tact._n c._n 11._o â—ultimo_fw-la leo_n after_o he_o have_v give_v command_n to_o renew_v the_o practice_n of_o archery_n he_o subjune_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d mean_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d for_o the_o neglect_n of_o archery_n have_v bring_v great_a skaith_n and_o damnage_n to_o the_o roman_a army_n and_o it_o be_v certain_a that_o by_o this_o weapon_n the_o 20._o the_o veget._n de_fw-fr re_fw-mi milit_fw-la lib._n 1._o cap._n 20._o goth_n do_v subdue_v the_o roman_n &_o exstirpat_fw-la their_o empire_n by_o this_o weapon_n in_o leate_a time_n the_o english_a do_v ever_o overthrow_v the_o french_a cavalry_n &_o thereby_o obtain_v many_o great_a and_o famous_a victory_n as_o those_o of_o cressi_n poitiers_n again_o court_n and_o other_o the_o soldier_n of_o the_o military_a yard_n at_o london_n be_v teach_v to_o use_v a_o musqueton_n or_o demi_a musket_n with_o their_o pick_n which_o hang_v about_o their_o neck_n in_o a_o belt_n like_o a_o carabine_n be_v two_o foot_n in_o length_n and_o of_o full_a musket_n bear_v 12._o bullet_n to_o a_o pound_n but_o have_v a_o snapwork_n it_o will_v carry_v blank_a as_o far_o as_o a_o musket_n which_o i_o have_v see_v this_o demi_a musket_n they_o charge_v and_o discharge_v with_o as_o great_a facility_n as_o if_o they_o have_v nothing_o to_o use_v but_o their_o peace_n make_v their_o pick_v as_o it_o be_v a_o rest_n unto_o it_o but_o the_o use_n hereof_o can_v be_v so_o well_o understand_v by_o discourse_n as_o by_o practice_n yet_o it_o be_v certain_a that_o the_o first_o or_o last_o two_o rank_n only_o can_v have_v the_o benefit_n of_o this_o weapon_n whereas_o the_o whole_a battle_n of_o pickman_n may_v shoot_v off_o their_o arrow_n altogether_o and_o thus_o much_o for_o the_o exercise_v of_o pickman_n with_o a_o bow_n or_o half_a musket_n wherein_o i_o have_v insist_v long_o than_o i_o intend_v because_o the_o matter_n be_v worthy_a of_o imitation_n for_o it_o have_v oftentimes_o grieve_v my_o mind_n that_o the_o choice_a man_n in_o the_o battle_n shall_v patient_o stand_v as_o a_o mark_n to_o the_o enemy_n shot_n and_o thereby_o fall_v to_o the_o ground_n before_o they_o come_v to_o hand_n musquetier_n of_o the_o exercise_v of_o musquetier_n this_o exercise_n of_o pickeman_n with_o the_o bow_n and_o half_a musket_n i_o have_v not_o else_o whereseene_v except_o in_o the_o forname_v place_n but_o the_o exercise_v of_o musquetier_n be_v ordinary_a everywhere_a the_o musquetier_v most_o common_o be_v place_v in_o the_o flank_n of_o the_o battle_n although_o upon_o occasron_n the_o commander_n sometime_o will_v place_v they_o in_o the_o front_n sometime_o in_o the_o rear_n sometime_o make_v plotton_n of_o they_o or_o troop_n of_o reserve_v musquetier_n than_o be_v to_o be_v exercise_v and_o teach_v to_o give_v fire_n three_o manner_n of_o way_n in_o the_o front_n in_o the_o rear_n in_o the_o flank_n by_o the_o first_o they_o give_v fire_n advance_v upon_o
the_o first_o rank_n have_v give_v fire_n it_o stand_v still_o the_o rank_n next_o it_o pass_v up_o through_o the_o same_o rank_n and_o presenteh_a in_o due_a distance_n before_o it_o and_o give_v fire_n the_o three_o rank_n pass_v through_o they_o both_o and_o give_v fire_n before_o they_o and_o so_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o rank_n successivelie_o till_o the_o bringers-up_a have_v give_v fire_n in_o the_o front_n but_o i_o think_v this_o not_o so_o fit_a for_o service_n as_o to_o show_v the_o variety_n of_o exercise_n if_o the_o commander_n please_v to_o make_v more_o execution_n against_o the_o enemy_n he_o may_v command_v the_o second_o rank_n to_o double_v the_o first_o and_o to_o give_v fire_n altogether_o so_o that_o for_o five_o shot_n he_o may_v shoot_v ten_o and_o for_o ten_o twenty_o the_o use_n of_o this_o exercise_n be_v to_o advance_v and_o to_o charge_v the_o enemy_n if_o you_o be_v strong_a than_o he_o and_o to_o gain_v ground_n upon_o he_o but_o if_o you_o desire_v not_o to_o gain_v ground_n as_o be_v more_o fire_n to_o defend_v then_o offend_v you_o may_v make_v the_o rank_n give_v fire_n where_o they_o stand_v without_o advance_v and_o fall_v away_o to_o the_o right_n or_o to_o the_o right_n and_o left_a as_o before_o if_o you_o sustain_v a_o charge_n both_o in_o front_n and_o rear_n than_o they_o who_o have_v give_v fire_n fall_v away_o to_o either_o hand_n and_o join_v in_o the_o the_o division_n make_v through_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o battle_n between_o the_o two_o middle_a rank_n as_o in_o the_o figure_n follow_v abcd_v a_o b_o c_o d_o be_v a_o wing_n of_o 100_o musquetier_n whereof_o the_o one_o half_a of_o the_o rank_n give_v fire_n in_o the_o front_n a_o b_o the_o other_o half_o of_o the_o rank_n give_v fire_n in_o the_o rear_n c_o d_o and_o the_o rank_n that_o have_v give_v fire_n both_o of_o a_o b_o and_o c_o d_o to_o wit_n the_o first_o and_o the_o ten_o fall_v away_o to_o the_o right_n and_o left_a hand_n and_o join_v in_o the_o division_n e_o every_o man_n towards_o his_o own_o front_n the_o rank_n next_o they_o present_n give_v fire_n and_o fall_v away_o as_o the_o former_a and_o so_o all_o the_o rest_n or_o else_o they_o may_v fall_v away_o by_o countermarch_v as_o i_o have_v say_v before_o but_o in_o so_o do_v they_o must_v be_v expert_a musquetier_n and_o carry_v their_o piece_n aright_o otherwise_o they_o will_v disturb_v the_o whole_a rank_n and_o it_o be_v a_o very_a comely_a sight_n to_o see_v this_o battle_n when_o the_o pick_n be_v charge_v both_o to_o the_o front_n &_o rear_n &_o the_o musquetier_n do_v their_o duty_n that_o be_v give_v fire_n and_o fall_v away_o by_o countermarch_v gracefullie_o and_o with_o readiness_n as_o i_o have_v see_v the_o soldier_n of_o the_o artillery_n guard_v do_v it_o most_o exact_o rear_n how_o to_o give_v fire_n in_o the_o rear_n the_o second_o way_n of_o give_a fire_n be_v in_o reteiring_n from_o the_o enemy_n and_o then_o they_o give_v fire_n in_o the_o rear_n which_o be_v in_o this_o manner_n the_o captain_n march_v in_o the_o rear_n for_o that_o be_v his_o place_n in_o a_o retreit_n from_o the_o enemy_n honour_n be_v always_o accompany_v with_o danger_n command_v the_o last_o rank_n to_o make_v ready_a and_o then_o to_o the_o right_a hand_n about_o and_o give_v fire_n which_o they_o do_v the_o body_n still_o continue_v their_o march_v and_o thereafter_o turn_v off_o to_o the_o right_a hand_n or_o if_o they_o be_v many_o to_o the_o right_n &_o leave_v towards_o both_o flank_n or_o else_o through_o the_o divisiones_fw-la of_o the_o body_n which_o be_v make_v for_o that_o end_n and_o march_v up_o a_o good_a swift_a pace_n to_o the_o front_n where_o every_o man_n fall_v in_o the_o front_n of_o his_o own_o file_n as_o soon_o as_o the_o last_o rank_n be_v turn_v to_o give_v fire_n the_o next_o rank_n make_v ready_a and_o when_o the_o last_o rank_n be_v fall_v off_o and_o march_v away_o it_o turn_v about_o give_v fire_n fall_v off_o and_o do_v all_o as_o the_o former_a do_v and_o so_o all_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o rank_n successivelie_o one_o after_o another_o as_o in_o the_o figure_n follow_v fghi_n f_o g_o h_n i_o be_v a_o wing_n of_o a_o 100_o musquetier_n retire_v from_o the_o enemy_n where_o you_o see_v the_o 10_o rank_n in_o the_o rear_n have_v give_v fire_n turn_v to_o the_o right_a hand_n divide_v itself_o and_o fall_v away_o the_o on_o half_a through_o the_o division_n h_o f_o betwixt_o the_o musquetier_n and_o the_o pick_v the_o other_o half_o through_o the_o division_n k_o and_o be_v march_v away_o up_o to_o the_o front_n but_o if_o you_o will_v keep_v the_o body_n of_o your_o musquetier_n whole_a you_o may_v make_v the_o rank_n which_o give_v fire_n divide_v itself_o and_o the_o one_o half_a fall_n away_o to_o the_o right_a hand_n the_o other_o to_o the_o left_a so_o that_o the_o half_a which_o fall_v away_o through_o the_o division_n k_o shall_v fall_v away_o by_o the_o flank_n i_o g._n the_o nine_o rank_n have_v turn_v about_o and_o present_v and_o after_o it_o give_v fire_n divide_v itself_o and_o march_v away_o as_o the_o former_a and_o so_o do_v all_o the_o rank_n successivelie_o one_o after_o another_o continue_n still_o their_o march_n and_o give_v fire_n upon_o the_o enemy_n if_o you_o will_v make_v more_o execution_n upon_o the_o enemy_n you_o may_v make_v the_o penult_n ranke_n double_a the_o last_o as_o i_o show_v before_o in_o double_v the_o front_n the_o use_n of_o give_v fire_n reteiring_n be_v when_o the_o enemy_n be_v strong_a than_o you_o and_o follow_v you_o in_o the_o rear_n you_o be_v much_o weak_a and_o not_o able_a to_o encounter_v he_o you_o march_v away_o and_o make_v haste_n to_o gain_v your_o own_o quarter_n or_o trench_n or_o forte_n from_o whence_o you_o sorty_v or_o to_o join_v with_o more_o of_o your_o own_o arm_n and_o yet_o you_o skirmish_v with_o the_o enemy_n give_v fire_n upon_o he_o and_o no_o way_n hinder_v your_o own_o march_v the_o three_o way_n of_o give_a fire_n be_v flank_n how_o to_o give_v fire_n on_o the_o flank_n march_v by_o a_o enemy_n which_o be_v do_v upon_o the_o flank_n after_o this_o manner_n the_o outmost_a file_n of_o the_o flank_n next_o the_o enemy_n be_v command_v to_o make_v ready_a and_o to_o turn_v to_o the_o right_n or_o left_a hand_n according_a as_o the_o enemy_n appear_v upon_o the_o right_n or_o left_a wing_n and_o to_o give_v fire_n altogether_o thereafter_o they_o march_v not_o with_o the_o body_n but_o stand_v still_o and_o keep_v their_o ground_n and_o charge_v their_o musket_n again_o now_o whensoever_o the_o foresay_a file_n turn_v to_o give_v fire_n the_o next_o file_n unto_o it_o make_v ready_a keep_v always_o along_o with_o the_o body_n till_o its_o bringer-up_a be_v past_o a_o little_a beyond_o the_o leader_n of_o the_o file_n that_o give_v last_o fire_n and_o then_o the_o whole_a file_n must_v turn_v and_o give_v fire_n and_o do_v all_o as_o the_o former_a do_v thereafter_o the_o first_o file_n march_v up_o and_o join_v with_o the_o second_o file_n assoon_o as_o the_o second_o file_n turn_v to_o give_v fire_n the_o three_o file_n which_o be_v now_o outmost_a towards_o the_o enemy_n make_v ready_a turn_v about_o give_v fire_n and_o do_v all_o as_o the_o other_o two_o and_o so_o the_o rest_n one_o after_o another_o and_o then_o the_o first_o two_o file_n march_v up_o to_o the_o three_o and_o those_o three_o to_o the_o four_o after_o it_o have_v discharge_v and_o so_o forth_o all_o the_o rest_n till_o the_o whole_a wing_n of_o shot_n be_v gather_v together_o and_o then_o they_o all_o march_v up_o and_o join_v in_o equal_a front_n with_o the_o pick_v as_o you_o see_v in_o the_o figure_n follow_v klmn_n k_o l_o m_o n_o be_v a_o wing_n of_o 100_o musquetier_n march_v by_o a_o enemy_n who_o show_v himself_o on_o the_o right_a flank_n of_o the_o battallion_n l_o n_o your_o first_o file_n p._n towards_o he_o have_v give_v fire_n upon_o he_o and_o have_v charge_v their_o musket_n again_o in_o the_o place_n they_o stand_v the_o next_o file_n have_v also_o give_v fire_n upon_o he_o and_o be_v charge_v again_o in_o the_o same_o ground_n also_o the_o three_o file_n have_v turn_v to_o the_o right_a hand_n and_o so_o have_v present_v to_o give_v fire_n after_o which_o you_o must_v imagine_v the_o first_o file_n p._n to_o march_v up_o and_o join_v with_o the_o second_o file_n o._n and_o both_o of_o they_o to_o march_v up_o to_o the_o three_o file_n and_o so_o forth_o till_o the_o whole_a wing_n gather_v and_o join_v together_o again_o after_o they_o have_v give_v fire_n the_o like_v you_o
see_v the_o first_o rank_n be_v cast_v itself_o in_o a_o file_n behind_o the_o right_a hand_n man_n v._n x._o be_v a_o file_v to_o the_o left_a hand_n where_o the_o first_o rank_n be_v go_v to_o file_n behind_o the_o left_a hand_n man_n and_o as_o the_o first_o rank_n in_o both_o do_v so_o you_o must_v imagine_v the_o rest_n to_o do_v in_o a_o instant_n y._n z._n be_v a_o file_v to_o the_o right_n and_o leave_v by_o division_n where_o you_o see_v the_o half_a of_o the_o first_o rank_n fall_v in_o behind_o the_o right_a hand_n man_n and_o the_o other_o half_n of_o it_o behind_o the_o left_a hand_n man_n which_o also_o you_o must_v conceive_v the_o rest_n of_o the_o rank_n to_o do_v the_o word_n of_o command_n file_v rank_a as_o you_o be_v rank_n file_v to_o the_o right_a hand_n rank_n file_v to_o the_o left_a hand_n some_o say_v rank_n file_v by_o conversion_n to_o the_o right_n or_o left_a hand_n file_n as_o you_o be_v rank_n file_v to_o the_o right_n and_o leave_v by_o division_n or_o rank_n file_v by_o inversion_n to_o the_o right_n or_o left_a there_o be_v yet_o a_o double_v of_o file_n by_o wheel_v the_o rank_n to_o the_o right_n or_o left_a hand_n if_o the_o word_n be_v to_o the_o right_n the_o right_a hand_n man_n turn_v to_o the_o right_n and_o the_o rest_n of_o his_o rank_a wheel_n together_o and_o come_v above_o he_o on_o the_o left_a hand_n all_o the_o rank_n do_v the_o like_a if_o the_o command_n be_v to_o the_o left_a the_o left_a hand_n man_n turn_v to_o the_o left_a the_o rest_n of_o his_o rank_n come_v all_o above_o he_o on_o the_o right_a hand_n and_o so_o all_o the_o other_o rank_n cd_o ab_fw-la the_o figure_n a._n b._n be_v a_o wheel_a to_o the_o right_a hand_n where_o you_o see_v the_o first_o rank_n wheel_v about_o the_o right_a hand_n man_n and_o come_v up_o upon_o his_o left_a hand_n c._n d._n be_v a_o wheel_a to_o the_o left_a hand_n where_o the_o first_o rank_n be_v wheel_v about_o the_o left_a hand_n man_n and_o come_v up_o on_o his_o right_a hand_n and_o so_o do_v all_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o rank_n the_o word_n of_o command_n rank_n as_o you_o be_v rank_n wheel_n to_o the_o right_a hand_n rank_n wheel_n to_o the_o left_a hand_n you_o may_v wheel_v rank_n also_o to_o the_o right_n or_o leave_v by_o division_n the_o use_n of_o double_v of_o file_n be_v to_o strengthen_v the_o depth_n of_o your_o battle_n to_o resist_v the_o enemy_n file_n the_o use_n of_o double_v of_o file_n when_o you_o think_v he_o mind_n to_o break_v through_o and_o divide_v your_o force_n it_o serve_v also_o to_o let_v the_o shot_n go_v through_o your_o file_n when_o you_o be_v march_v towards_o a_o fort_n for_o which_o the_o first_o manner_n of_o double_v be_v proper_a &_o the_o file_v of_o rank_n to_o the_o right_n or_o left_a hand_n also_o to_o give_v a_o volley_n of_o musquetado_n upon_o either_o flank_n or_o both_o or_o to_o make_v a_o street_n for_o a_o general_n or_o some_o great_a commander_n to_o go_v through_o or_o else_o to_o lodge_v the_o colour_n the_o file_v of_o rank_n to_o the_o right_n or_o left_a or_o both_o by_o division_n or_o the_o wheel_a of_o rank_n perform_v this_o it_o serve_v also_o to_o make_v your_o force_n seem_v small_a to_o allure_v the_o enemy_n to_o fight_v as_o do_v 4._o do_v polien_n strat._n lib_n 2._o in_o cleandri_n §._o 4._o cleandridas_n against_o the_o leucans_n who_o first_o first_o draw_v out_o his_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d in_o a_o greath_n depth_n whereby_o his_o enemy_n contemn_v his_o apparent_o small_a number_n do_v charge_v he_o but_o he_o instant_o double_v his_o rank_n do_v encompass_v they_o and_o overthrow_v they_o but_o you_o must_v take_v heed_n as_o the_o emperor_n 109._o emperor_n leo_fw-la tact._n c._n 14._o §._o 109._o leo_n advertise_v in_o these_o word_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d etc._n etc._n that_o when_o you_o double_v the_o depth_n of_o your_o battle_n you_o make_v not_o the_o front_n of_o your_o army_n too_o narrow_a and_o so_o give_v occasion_n to_o the_o enemy_n to_o overfront_v you_o &_o encompass_v you_o which_o be_v 10._o be_v polyb._n histor_n lib._n 1._o §._o 10._o marcus_n attilius_n regulus_n his_o error_n in_o the_o battle_n against_o the_o carthagenian_o for_o he_o fear_v the_o force_n of_o the_o carthaginian_a elephant_n to_o break_v through_o his_o army_n draw_v his_o battle_n to_o so_o great_a a_o depth_n that_o it_o be_v easy_o encompass_v by_o the_o carthaginian_a horseman_n lead_v by_o zantippus_n the_o lacedaemonian_a and_o by_o they_o utterlie_o defeat_v and_o himself_o take_v prisoner_n for_o as_o too_o much_o weaken_v of_o the_o depth_n and_o double_v the_o length_n of_o your_o battle_n put_v in_o danger_n to_o be_v divide_v and_o break_v so_o too_o much_o double_v the_o depth_n and_o diminish_v the_o length_n put_v it_o in_o peril_n to_o be_v overwinge_v and_o encompass_v and_o therefore_o a_o wise_a commander_n will_v have_v a_o care_n if_o his_o front_n be_v narrow_a to_o take_v the_o advantage_n of_o a_o trench_n river_n or_o marish_a thereby_o to_o secure_v his_o flank_n that_o the_o enemy_n may_v not_o annoy_v he_o there_o and_o if_o he_o can_v attain_v to_o none_o of_o those_o yet_o to_o make_v use_n of_o his_o own_o wagon_n observe_v that_o this_o motion_n of_o doubling_n alter_v the_o form_n of_o the_o battle_n change_v both_o the_o length_n and_o the_o depth_n thereof_o which_o no_o other_o motion_n do_v observe_v also_o that_o in_o double_v the_o length_n of_o your_o battle_n you_o make_v the_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o in_o double_v the_o depth_n you_o make_v the_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d describe_v by_o 29._o by_o aelian_a tact._n c._n 29._o aelian_a 28._o aelian_a aelian_a tact._n c._n 28._o aelian_a speak_v of_o a_o double_v of_o the_o depth_n in_o place_n which_o be_v nothing_o but_o a_o open_n of_o rank_n to_o a_o geat_a distance_n of_o evolution_n or_o countermarch_n tit._n 8._o evolution_n or_o countermarch_v call_v by_o the_o grecian_n 26._o grecian_n aelian_a tact._n c._n 26._o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d be_v a_o motion_n of_o the_o whole_a battle_n whereby_o the_o front_n be_v bring_v in_o place_n of_o the_o rear_n or_o one_o flank_n in_o place_n of_o the_o other_o and_o therefore_o countermarch_v be_v two_o fold_n of_o file_n or_o of_o rank_n and_o both_o of_o those_o say_v 26._o say_v aelian_a tact._n c._n 26._o aelian_a be_v threefold_a for_o either_o they_o gain_v ground_n in_o march_v not_o in_o charge_v or_o loose_a ground_n or_o keep_v that_o same_o ground_n the_o first_o be_v call_v the_o macedonian_a countermarch_v the_o second_o the_o lacedaemonian_a the_o three_o the_o chorean_a or_o persian_a the_o macedonian_a countermarch_v by_o file_n so_o call_v from_o the_o macedonian_n who_o be_v the_o inventor_n and_o user_n of_o it_o be_v describe_v by_o 27._o by_o aelian_a tact._n c._n 27._o aelian_a in_o those_o word_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d etc._n etc._n when_o the_o file-leader_n turn_v his_o face_n and_o the_o bringer_n up_o with_o all_o the_o rest_n go_v against_o he_o on_o the_o right_n or_o left_a hand_n and_o pass_v on_o to_o the_o ground_n before_o the_o front_n of_o the_o phalanx_n place_v themselves_o in_o order_n one_o after_o another_o according_a as_o the_o file_n leader_n himself_o have_v turn_v his_o face_n or_o it_o be_v when_o the_o file-leader_n turn_v his_o face_n and_o the_o next_o to_o he_o pass_v by_o he_o on_o the_o right_n or_o left_a hand_n place_v himself_o behind_o he_o &_o so_o all_o the_o rest_n one_o after_o another_o as_o you_o shall_v see_v in_o the_o figure_n follow_v efabcd_v a_o b_o c_o d_o be_v the_o battle_n before_o the_o countermarch_v e_o f_o a_o b_o the_o battle_n after_o the_o countermarch_v which_o have_v leave_v the_o ground_n a_o b_o c_o d_o wherein_z it_o stand_v which_o you_o see_v mark_v with_o point_n and_o take_v the_o ground_n before_o it_o e_o f_o a_o b_o and_o be_v all_o face_v about_o to_o the_o rear_n a_o b_o which_o before_o the_o countermarch_v be_v the_o front_n do_v yet_o remain_v the_o front_n but_o the_o right_a hand_n file_n b_o d_o be_v become_v the_o left_a hand_n file_n b_o f_o and_o the_o left_a hand_n file_n a_o c_o the_o right_a hand_n file_n a_o e._n the_o rear_n c_o d_o be_v now_o the_o rear_n e_o f._n the_o word_n of_o command_n file_n countermarch_v and_o gain_v ground_n the_o lacedaemonian_a countermarch_v by_o file_n so_o call_v from_o the_o lacedaemonian_n who_o invent_v and_o practise_v this_o motion_n be_v set_v down_o by_o 27._o by_o aelian_a tact._n c._n 27._o aelian_a in_o those_o
you_o may_v by_o this_o motion_n bring_v your_o file-leader_n who_o be_v your_o best_a man_n to_o encounter_v with_o he_o for_o it_o be_v ever_o the_o use_n of_o good_a commander_n to_o bring_v the_o front_n of_o their_o battle_n against_o their_o enemy_n thus_o frontinus_n witness_v alexander_n &_o julius_n caesar_n to_o have_v be_v accustom_v to_o bring_v the_o soldier_n who_o be_v in_o acie_n or_o the_o front_n of_o the_o battle_n to_o fight_v against_o their_o enemy_n 3._o enemy_n frontinus_n strat._n lib._n i._o c._n 3._o alexander_n macedo_n cum_fw-la haberet_fw-la vehementem_fw-la exercitum_fw-la semper_fw-la eum_fw-la statum_fw-la belli_fw-la elegit_fw-la ut_fw-la acie_n confligeret_fw-la caius_n caesar_n bello_fw-la civili_fw-la cum_fw-la exercitum_fw-la vete_fw-la ranum_fw-la haberet_fw-la hostium_fw-la autem_fw-la tyronem_fw-la esse_fw-la sciret_fw-la acie_n semper_fw-la decertare_fw-la studuit_fw-la countermarch_v of_o rank_n be_v when_o one_o wing_n of_o your_o battle_n be_v bring_v in_o place_n of_o the_o other_o rank_n of_o counter-marching_a of_o rank_n or_o the_o wing_n into_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o battle_n or_o one_o wing_n to_o double_v the_o other_o this_o countermarch_v be_v also_o threefold_a as_o the_o former_a of_o file_n for_o it_o be_v macedonian_a laceden_n onian_n and_o chorean_n the_o macedonian_a take_v the_o ground_n which_o be_v on_o the_o contrare_fw-la wing_n from_o the_o enemy_n and_o therefore_o seem_v to_o march_v away_o from_o he_o the_o lacedaemonian_a take_v the_o ground_n which_o lie_v on_o the_o side_n of_o that_o wing_n which_o be_v towards_o the_o enemy_n &_o therefore_o make_v a_o show_n of_o charge_v he_o the_o chorean_a keep_v still_o the_o same_o ground_n whereon_o the_o battle_n stand_v before_o the_o countermarch_v aelian_a speak_v but_o little_a of_o those_o countermarche_n by_o rank_n neither_o have_v i_o see_v they_o much_o use_v in_o our_o exercise_n yet_o for_o your_o understanding_n i_o will_v set_v down_o their_o motion_n and_o their_o figure_n because_o some_o good_a use_n may_v be_v make_v of_o they_o in_o the_o macedonian_a countermarch_v by_o rank_a the_o right_a hand_n corner_n file_n face_n to_o the_o left_a hand_n &_o stand_v the_o rest_n of_o every_o rank_n pass_v through_o and_o place_n themselves_o orderly_o behind_o their_o right_a hand_n sideman_n begin_v either_o with_o the_o uttermost_a file_n on_o the_o left_a flank_n or_o with_o the_o file_n next_o the_o right_a hand_n file_n and_o so_o they_o take_v up_o the_o ground_n which_o be_v on_o the_o right_a wing_n of_o the_o battle_n rsux_n stxy_n r_o s_o v_o x_o be_v the_o battle_n before_o the_o countermarch_v s_o t_o x_o y_o the_o battle_n after_o the_o countermarche_n which_o have_v leave_v the_o place_n it_o have_v and_o takin_n the_o place_n upon_o the_o right_a wing_n and_o be_v all_o face_v about_o to_o the_o left_a so_o that_o the_o front_n before_o r_n s_n be_v now_o become_v the_o right_a flank_n s_o t._n the_o right_a hand_n file_n before_o s_n x_o be_v now_o become_v the_o front_n the_o word_n of_o command_n leave_v wing_n countermarche_n through_o to_o the_o place_n beyond_o the_o right_a wing_n or_o rank_n countermarche_n from_o the_o left_a wing_n to_o the_o right_n the_o lacedaemonian_a countermarche_n by_o ranke_n be_v when_o the_o left_a hand_n corner_n file_n turn_v his_o face_n to_o the_o left_a hand_n &_o the_o rest_n of_o every_o rank_a pass_n through_o to_o the_o left_a and_o place_n themselves_o orderly_o before_o their_o left_a hand_n side-man_n begin_v either_o from_o the_o uttermost_a file_n on_o the_o right_a hand_n or_o from_o the_o file_n next_o to_o the_o left_a hand_n file_n abde_n bcef_n you_o see_v this_o battle_n have_v leave_v the_o place_n where_o it_o stand_v b_o c_o e_o f_o and_o take_v the_o ground_n beyond_o the_o left_a wing_n a_o b_o d_o e_o &_o they_o be_v all_o face_v about_o to_o the_o left_a the_o front_n before_o the_o countermarch_v be_v b_o c_o and_o be_v now_o become_v the_o right_a flank_n a_o b._n the_o right_a hand_n file_n c_o f_o be_v now_o the_o front_n a_o d_o the_o left_a hand_n file_n b_o e_z keeping_z still_o its_o place_n become_v the_o rear_n the_o word_n of_o command_n right_o wing_n countermarche_n through_o to_o the_o place_n beyond_o the_o left_a wing_n or_o rank_n countermarche_n from_o the_o right_a wing_n to_o the_o left_a the_o chorean_a countermarche_n by_o ranke_n be_v when_o the_o right_a hand_n corner_n file_n face_n to_o the_o left_a and_o march_v forward_o to_o the_o place_n of_o the_o left_a hand_n file_n the_o rest_n of_o every_o rank_n follow_v it_o &_o the_o body_n move_v joint_o together_o while_o the_o right_a hand_n file_n come_v to_o the_o place_n of_o the_o left_a hand_n file_n and_o the_o left_a hand_n file_n to_o the_o place_n of_o the_o right_a hand_n file_n so_o that_o the_o body_n keep_v still_o that_o same_o ground_n it_o have_v before_o or_o to_o do_v this_o more_o easy_o face_n only_o about_o your_o battle_n to_o the_o left_a and_o then_o command_v a_o countermarche_n of_o file_n and_o this_o will_v produce_v the_o examine_v effect_n for_o it_o be_v all_o one_o to_o bring_v the_o front_n of_o your_o battle_n to_o the_o rear_n when_o it_o be_v face_v to_o the_o right_a as_o to_o bring_v the_o right_a wing_n to_o the_o left_a before_o it_o be_v face_v ghik_fw-mi in_o this_o battle_n you_o see_v the_o first_o man_n of_o every_o rank_n with_o his_o sydman_n that_o be_v to_o say_v the_o first_o two_o file_n on_o the_o right_a flank_n h_n k_n be_v turn_v &_o be_v counter-marching_a through_o the_o distance_n betwixt_o the_o rank_n the_o rest_n have_v follow_v they_o on_o to_o the_o right_a flank_n and_o have_v leave_v the_o place_n of_o the_o left_a flank_n g_o i_o somuch_a void_a as_o the_o first_o two_o file_n have_v march_v through_o the_o rank_n from_o the_o place_n of_o the_o right_a flank_n so_o that_o the_o right_a hand_n file_n shall_v march_v on_o till_o it_o come_v to_o the_o place_n of_o the_o left_a hand_n file_n g_o i_o and_o the_o left_a hand_n file_n till_o it_o come_v to_o the_o place_n of_o the_o right_a hand_n file_n h_n k_o and_o so_o the_o battle_n shall_v maintain_v the_o examine_v ground_n it_o stand_v in_o and_o be_v face_v to_o the_o left_a the_o word_n of_o command_n be_v rank_n to_o the_o right_n or_o left_a hand_n countermarche_n and_o maintain_v ground_n our_o word_n of_o command_n be_v countermarch_v your_o rank_n to_o the_o right_n or_o left_a hand_n the_o use_n of_o countermarch_v by_o rank_n be_v when_o the_o enemy_n appear_v on_o your_o left_a wing_n to_o charge_v you_o you_o may_v by_o this_o motion_n oppose_v he_o with_o your_o best_a man_n and_o bring_v your_o right_a wing_n in_o place_n of_o the_o leave_v against_o he_o and_o may_v apply_v your_o left_a wing_n to_o some_o advantage_n as_o a_o river_n marish_a or_o trench_n that_o thereby_o it_o may_v be_v secure_a from_o encompass_v or_o else_o it_o serve_v to_o bring_v one_o of_o your_o wing_n in_o place_n of_o the_o other_o when_o be_v embattel_v you_o mind_n to_o change_v the_o form_n of_o your_o embattel_v as_o if_o you_o desire_v to_o set_v the_o right_a wing_n of_o your_o battle_n against_o the_o right_a wing_n of_o your_o enemy_n battle_n for_o some_o advantage_n of_o fight_n this_o do_v aristide_n do_v herodot_n in_o calliope_n 248._o &_o plutarch_n in_o aristide_n pausanias_n general_n of_o the_o grecian_a army_n at_o the_o battle_n of_o platea_n against_o the_o persian_n who_o have_v embattel_v the_o lacedaemonian_n in_o the_o right_a wing_n of_o his_o army_n and_o the_o athenian_n in_o the_o left_a mardonius_n the_o persian_a general_n give_v the_o theban_n and_o other_o greek_n his_o right_a wing_n and_o the_o persian_n the_o left_a wing_n now_o pausanias_n desire_v to_o oppose_v the_o athenian_n against_o the_o persian_n as_o be_v better_o acquaint_v with_o the_o persian_a fight_n then_o the_o lacedaemonian_n he_o countermarch_v his_o right_a wing_n to_o the_o place_n of_o the_o left_a and_o so_o bring_v the_o athenian_n against_o the_o persian_n which_o mardonius_n perceive_v do_v the_o like_a &_o immediate_o countermarch_v his_o right_a wing_n of_o theban_n to_o the_o left_a wing_n of_o the_o persian_n as_o fear_v to_o join_v the_o persian_n with_o the_o athenian_n by_o this_o manner_n of_o countermarche_n you_o may_v bring_v your_o wing_n in_o place_n of_o the_o body_n of_o your_o batallion_n which_o be_v this_o do_v your_o right_a hand_n file_v face_n to_o the_o left_a the_o left_a hand_n file_n to_o the_o right_n and_o march_v both_o in_o towards_o the_o centre_n of_o the_o battle_n while_o they_o meet_v other_o face_n to_o face_n the_o rest_n of_o each_o rank_n upon_o both_o wing_n follow_v they_o and_o march_v out_o until_o the_o two_o middle_a file_n
may_v understand_v if_o the_o enemy_n appear_v upon_o your_o left_a wing_n for_o then_o the_o left_a hand_n file_n be_v to_o turn_v about_o to_o the_o left_a and_o to_o give_v fire_n upon_o the_o enemy_n and_o to_o do_v all_o as_o the_o right_a hand_n file_n have_v do_v and_o so_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o file_n in_o the_o left_a wing_n do_v after_o the_o like_a manner_n as_o those_o of_o the_o right_n observe_v only_o the_o diversity_n of_o the_o hand_n or_o if_o the_o enemy_n be_v on_o both_o your_o flank_n you_o may_v make_v both_o your_o flank_n do_v as_o one_o have_v do_v although_o this_o form_n of_o gather_v together_o of_o the_o file_n which_o i_o have_v show_v be_v most_o usual_a yet_o there_o be_v many_o good_a commander_n who_o dislike_v it_o and_o think_v it_o better_o that_o the_o file_n which_o have_v give_v fire_n do_v not_o stand_v long_o than_o they_o be_v free_a of_o the_o body_n but_o turn_v a_o little_a to_o the_o left_a march_v immediate_o up_o to_o the_o other_o side_n between_o the_o pick_v and_o the_o wing_n of_o musquetier_n where_o there_o be_v a_o distance_n leave_v for_o that_o effect_n qrstv_n here_o you_o see_v the_o first_o file_n v._o have_v give_v fire_n and_o be_v free_a of_o the_o body_n be_v march_v up_o the_o division_n q._n s._n to_o join_v with_o the_o rest_n on_o the_o left_a side_n between_o the_o pick_v and_o the_o musquetier_n the_o second_o file_n do_v the_o like_a and_o so_o all_o the_o rest_n one_o after_o another_o but_o in_o this_o the_o whole_a wing_n in_o march_v be_v to_o edge_n a_o little_a to_o the_o right_n that_o it_o may_v keep_v the_o division_n clear_a and_o free_a to_o receive_v the_o file_n as_o they_o give_v fire_n this_o they_o think_v do_v not_o so_o much_o dismember_v the_o body_n as_o the_o other_o nor_o yet_o oppose_v the_o file_n so_o much_o to_o the_o enemy_n shoot_v for_o when_o three_o file_n stand_v one_o before_o another_o they_o make_v a_o great_a prop_n to_o the_o enemy_n but_o i_o leave_v every_o one_o to_o their_o own_o opinion_n for_o martial_a commander_n differ_v among_o themselves_o in_o point_n of_o exercise_n every_o one_o follow_v the_o custom_n of_o his_o own_o country_n if_o you_o will_v give_v more_o fire_n upon_o the_o enemy_n you_o may_v make_v the_o second_o file_n to_o double_v the_o first_o and_o both_o to_o give_v fire_n together_o and_o so_o through_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o file_n as_o i_o show_v before_o in_o give_v fire_n by_o double_v of_o rank_n in_o the_o front_n or_o the_o rear_n the_o use_n of_o give_v fire_n in_o the_o flank_n be_v when_o the_o enemy_n appear_v on_o either_o of_o your_o flank_n to_o charge_v you_o and_o you_o not_o able_a to_o sustain_v his_o charge_n you_o march_v away_o by_o he_o in_o good_a order_n and_o give_v fire_n upon_o he_o and_o if_o he_o will_v continue_v his_o march_n with_o you_o think_v to_o hasten_v and_o cut_v off_o your_o passage_n or_o come_v betwixt_o you_o and_o your_o retreete_n you_o may_v make_v as_o much_o haste_n as_o he_o and_o yet_o sustain_v skirmish_n with_o he_o a_o collection_n of_o the_o word_n of_o command_n which_o be_v most_o necessare_fw-la in_o exercise_n and_o service_n tit._n 12._o in_o this_o treatise_n i_o have_v set_v down_o sundry_a motion_n with_o their_o word_n of_o command_n more_o to_o show_v the_o variety_n of_o exercise_n than_o to_o approve_v they_o as_o steadable_a in_o service_n therefore_o i_o have_v make_v here_o a_o collection_n of_o the_o word_n of_o command_n which_o be_v most_o necessary_a in_o the_o exercise_n of_o motiones_fw-la and_o useful_a in_o service_n our_o scott_n word_n i_o have_v set_v down_o in_o the_o right_a hand_n column_n the_o english_a in_o the_o left_a but_o the_o word_n of_o command_n for_o the_o posture_n of_o the_o pick_n and_o the_o musket_n i_o show_v you_o 5._o you_o supra_fw-la tit._n 5._o before_o your_o company_n then_o be_v orderly_o draw_v up_o and_o stand_v at_o a_o due_a distance_n both_o in_o rank_n and_o file_n which_o be_v open_a order_n the_o captain_n or_o other_o officer_n after_o he_o have_v command_v silence_n he_o begin_v stand_v right_a in_o your_o rank_n and_o your_o file_n as_o you_o be_v to_o the_o right_a hand_n to_o the_o left_a hand_n to_o the_o right_n and_o left_a hand_n by_o division_n to_o the_o right_a hand_n about_o to_o the_o left_a hand_n about_o half_n file_n to_o the_o right_n or_o left_a hand_n about_o rank_n as_o you_o be_v rank_n to_o the_o right_a hand_n double_a rank_n to_o the_o left_a hand_n double_a bringer_n up_o as_o you_o be_v bringer_n up_o double_a your_o front_n to_o the_o right_a hand_n bringer_n up_o double_a your_o front_n to_o the_o left_a hand_n half_n file_n as_o you_o be_v middleman_n or_o half_a file_n to_o the_o right_a hand_n double_a your_o front_n middleman_n or_o half_a file_n to_o the_o left_a hand_n double_a your_o front_n half_n file_n to_o the_o right_n double_a your_o front_n enteare_v half_n file_n to_o the_o left_a double_a your_o front_n enteare_v half_a file_n double_v your_o front_n to_o the_o right_n and_o leave_v by_o division_n file_n as_o you_o be_v file_n to_o the_o right_a hand_n double_a file_n to_o the_o left_a hand_n double_a file_v rank_n as_o you_o be_v rank_n file_v to_o the_o right_a hand_n rank_n file_n to_o the_o left_a hand_n rank_n file_v to_o the_o right_n and_o leave_v by_o division_n file_n countermarch_v to_o the_o right_a hand_n file_n countermarch_v to_o the_o left_a hand_n rank_n countermarch_v to_o the_o right_a flank_n rank_n countermarch_v to_o the_o left_a flank_n to_o your_o order_n or_o close_a order_n file_n close_o to_o the_o right_a hand_n file_n close_o to_o the_o left_a hand_n file_n close_o close_o your_o rank_n to_o your_o order_n or_o close_a order_n to_o your_o open_a order_n or_o any_o order_n else_o file_n open_v to_o the_o right_a hand_n file_n open_v to_o the_o left_a hand_n file_n open_v rank_n open_v to_o your_o open_a order_n or_o any_o order_n else_o wheel_v your_o battle_n to_o the_o right_a hand_n wheel_v your_o battle_n to_o the_o left_a hand_n wheel_v your_o battle_n to_o the_o right_a hand_n about_o wheel_v your_o battle_n to_o the_o left_a hand_n about_o stand_v right_a in_o your_o rank_n and_o your_o string_n to_o your_o first_o order_n right_o about_o leave_v about_o right_o and_o leave_v about_o right_o round_o about_o leave_v round_o about_o sixth_o ranke_n right_o or_o leave_v round_o about_o rank_n to_o your_o first_o order_n double_o your_o rank_n to_o the_o right_a hand_n double_o your_o rank_n to_o the_o left_a hand_n ten_o rank_n to_o your_o first_o order_n ten_o rank_n to_o the_o right_a hand_n advance_v to_o the_o front_n ten_o rank_n to_o the_o left_a hand_n advance_v to_o the_o front_n sixth_o rank_n to_o your_o first_o order_n sixth_o rank_n to_o the_o right_a hand_n advance_v to_o the_o front_n sixth_o rank_n to_o the_o left_a hand_n advance_v to_o the_o front_n string_n to_o your_o first_o order_n double_o your_o string_n to_o the_o right_a hand_n double_o your_o string_n to_o the_o left_a hand_n string_n to_o the_o right_a hand_n countermarh_n string_n to_o the_o left_a hand_n countermarch_v rank_n to_o the_o right_a hand_n countermarch_v rank_n to_o the_o left_a hand_n countermarch_v to_o your_o second_o or_o three_o distance_n close_o your_o string_n to_o the_o right_a hand_n close_o your_o string_n to_o the_o left_a hand_n close_o your_o string_n rank_n close_o to_o your_o second_o or_o three_o distance_n to_o your_o first_o distance_n or_o any_o distance_n else_o open_v your_o string_n to_o the_o right_a hand_n open_v your_o string_n to_o the_o left_a hand_n open_v your_o string_n open_v your_o rank_n to_o your_o first_o distance_n or_o any_o distance_n else_o the_o great_a turn_n to_o the_o right_n about_o the_o great_a turn_n to_o the_o leave_v about_o the_o great_a turn_n to_o the_o right_a round_o about_o the_o great_a turn_n to_o the_o leave_v round_o about_o the_o word_n of_o command_n for_o the_o exercise_n of_o musquetier_n the_o word_n for_o give_v fire_n in_o the_o front_n first_o ranke_n make_v ready_a advance_v before_o the_o front_n six_o pace_n present_a and_o give_v fire_n fall_v away_o orderly_o to_o the_o right_n or_o to_o the_o left_a hand_n or_o to_o both_o by_o division_n next_o ranke_n do_v the_o like_a all_o the_o rest_n follow_v for_o give_v fire_n in_o the_o rear_n last_o ranke_n make_v ready_a to_o the_o right_n about_o present_a and_o give_v fire_n fall_v off_o to_o the_o right_n or_o left_a hand_n or_o to_o both_o by_o division_n march_v up_o to_o the_o front_n next_o last_v ranke_n do_v the_o like_a at_o the_o rest_n follow_v for_o give_v fire_n in_o the_o flank_n right_o or_o left_a hand_n file_n make_v ready_a to_o the_o right_n or_o left_a hand_n present_a &_o give_v fire_n keep_v your_o ground_n and_o charge_v your_o musket_n again_o next_o file_n to_o the_o right_n or_o left_a hand_n present_a and_o give_v fire_n keep_v your_o ground_n and_o charge_v your_o musket_n again_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o file_n do_v the_o like_a first_o file_n march_v up_o and_o join_v with_o the_o second_o march_n up_o both_o and_o join_v with_o the_o three_o and_o so_o forth_o and_o this_o much_o for_o exercise_v of_o foot_n company_n in_o their_o posture_n and_o motion_n i_o intend_v to_o have_v speak_v of_o the_o duty_n and_o charge_n of_o every_o officer_n of_o foot_n and_o of_o the_o embattel_v and_o encamp_v of_o footman_n if_o i_o have_v not_o be_v press_v with_o shortness_n of_o time_n and_o divert_v by_o sundry_a distractiones_fw-la beside_o the_o leevy_n of_o my_o company_n and_o chief_o by_o a_o little_a praeparation_n which_o i_o have_v make_v for_o the_o plantation_n of_o new_a scotland_n in_o america_n a_o work_n so_o noble_a so_o glorious_a so_o conducible_a to_o the_o honour_n and_o commodity_n of_o this_o kingdom_n that_o the_o like_a hitherto_o be_v never_o intend_v the_o author_n whereof_o although_o his_o rare_a virtue_n be_v not_o now_o according_a to_o their_o height_n acknowledge_v by_o we_o yet_o ensue_v time_n will_v approve_v they_o and_o prove_v he_o to_o have_v be_v the_o glory_n of_o his_o age._n if_o in_o this_o treatise_n i_o have_v commit_v any_o error_n i_o submit_v myself_o to_o the_o judement_n and_o censure_n of_o the_o learned_a and_o experiment_a soldier_n who_o amendation_n i_o crave_v as_o for_o the_o envious_a thrasonical_a critic_n who_o will_v still_o be_v carp_a that_n which_o he_o understand_v not_o i_o disdain_v he_o i_o defy_v he_o if_o in_o this_o i_o bring_v any_o profit_n to_o my_o country_n man_n it_o shall_v encourage_v i_o with_o the_o first_o opportunity_n god_n willing_a to_o proceed_v and_o set_v forth_o somewhat_o of_o the_o exercise_n of_o cavalerie_n and_o also_o of_o the_o form_n of_o erect_v any_o regular_a or_o irregular_a figure_n of_o fortification_n with_o the_o manner_n of_o assail_a and_o defend_v a_o fort_n and_o that_o more_o to_o allure_v other_o of_o better_a understanding_n to_o employ_v their_o pen_n and_o publish_v more_o perfect_o in_o this_o subject_n then_o that_o i_o esteem_v any_o thing_n of_o my_o worthy_a of_o light_n avouch_v only_o this_o that_o in_o a_o true_a affection_n to_o my_o king_n and_o my_o country_n and_o in_o a_o firm_a resolution_n to_o spend_v the_o last_o drop_n of_o my_o blood_n in_o their_o service_n i_o shall_v be_v inferior_a to_o no_o man_n live_v finis_fw-la print_a at_o edinburgh_n by_o the_o heir_n of_o andro_n hart_n anno_fw-la dom._n 1627._o
battle_n and_o it_o be_v assure_v that_o a_o few_o number_n of_o man_n well_o discipline_v and_o be_v perfect_a in_o their_o military_a motion_n be_v able_a to_o rencontre_v and_o overthrow_v great_a multitude_n without_o practice_n of_o arm_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 3._o 〈◊〉_d aelian_a tact._n cap._n 3._o say_v aelian_a 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d we_o find_v often_o great_a force_n to_o be_v by_o their_o disorder_n overcome_v by_o a_o few_o well_o order_v and_o exercise_v and_o therefore_o the_o chief_a thing_n that_o soldier_n be_v to_o understand_v be_v their_o military_a motion_n for_o the_o science_n of_o their_o motion_n be_v the_o definition_n of_o the_o art_n military_a these_o then_o i_o shall_v set_v down_o in_o some_o few_o title_n with_o as_o great_a variety_n and_o perspicuity_n as_o i_o can_v touch_v only_o the_o ancient_a exercise_n in_o so_o far_o as_o it_o be_v a_o ground_n or_o do_v agree_v with_o our_o modern_a discipline_n the_o motion_n of_o troop_n be_v two_o fold_n of_o the_o whole_a or_o of_o a_o part_n of_o the_o whole_a either_o in_o keep_v ground_n or_o change_v ground_n keep_v ground_n when_o every_o person_n move_v in_o his_o proper_a place_n as_o in_o face_v change_a ground_n when_o the_o battaillon_n change_v the_o ground_n it_o stand_v in_o as_o in_o countermarch_a and_o wheele_a the_o motion_n of_o a_o part_n be_v when_o a_o part_n of_o the_o battle_n move_v and_o a_o part_n stand_v still_o as_o in_o doublinge_n closinge_n open_n for_o in_o those_o motion_n some_o rank_n or_o file_n stand_v &_o the_o rest_n move_v i_o will_v then_o begin_v with_o face_v face_v be_v a_o motion_n transfer_v the_o soldier_n face_n to_o the_o flank_n or_o the_o rear_n of_o the_o battle_n and_o therefore_o be_v of_o two_o sort_n the_o one_o when_o the_o soldier_n make_v a_o quarter_n turn_v to_o the_o right_n or_o the_o left_a hand_n the_o other_o when_o he_o make_v a_o half_a turn_n the_o first_o motion_n the_o greek_n call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d which_o be_v define_v by_o 24._o by_o aelian_a tact._n c._n 24._o aelian_a 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d a_o motion_n of_o the_o soldier_n turn_v his_o face_n to_o the_o pick_n or_o the_o target_n that_o be_v to_o the_o right_n or_o the_o left_a hand_n for_o the_o grecian_n as_o i_o tell_v you_o before_o carry_v a_o pick_n in_o their_o right_a hand_n and_o a_o target_n in_o the_o left_a but_o i_o wonder_v why_o aelian_a call_v it_o a_o motion_n of_o the_o arm_a soldier_n only_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d see_v the_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d do_v also_o use_v this_o motion_n the_o action_n of_o this_o motion_n be_v thus_o perform_v motion_n how_o to_o perform_v the_o motion_n the_o soldier_n stand_v firm_a with_o his_o left_a leg_n and_o turn_v only_o upon_o his_o heel_n draw_v back_o the_o right_a leg_n if_o he_o face_n to_o the_o right_a hand_n or_o bring_v forward_o the_o right_a leg_n if_o he_o face_n to_o the_o left_a hand_n &_o this_o be_v to_o be_v do_v in_o a_o stand_n but_o in_o a_o march_n face_v to_o the_o right_a hand_n they_o must_v bring_v forward_o their_o left_a leg_n motion_n the_o use_n of_o the_o motion_n the_o use_n of_o this_o motion_n at_o a_o stand_n be_v to_o be_v ready_a at_o a_o instant_n to_o receive_v the_o charge_n of_o the_o enemy_n if_o they_o assail_v either_o of_o your_o flank_n but_o if_o you_o face_n and_o march_v you_o may_v thereby_o prevent_v the_o enemy_n from_o fall_v upon_o your_o wing_n 79._o wing_n leo_fw-la tact._n c._n 7._o §_o 79._o as_o leo_n show_v by_o bring_v your_o battle_n to_o some_o river_n or_o other_o strength_n and_o also_o to_o eschew_v some_o dangerous_a ground_n as_o alexander_n do_v at_o arbela_n who_o perceive_v that_o darius_n have_v strew_v the_o ground_n between_o the_o two_o battle_n with_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d or_o calthrope_n face_v his_o right_a wing_n to_o the_o right_a hand_n and_o march_v about_o 17._o about_o polienus_n stratag_n lib._n 4._o in_o alexandro_n §_o 17._o see_v polienus_n but_o if_o the_o enemy_n charge_v both_o your_o flank_n at_o one_o time_n you_o must_v face_v the_o half_a of_o your_o battle_n to_o the_o right_a hand_n the_o other_o half_o to_o the_o left_a that_o be_v the_o half_a of_o your_o file_n which_o be_v upon_o the_o right_a flank_n face_n to_o the_o right_a hand_n the_o other_o half_o which_o be_v upon_o the_o left_a flank_n face_n to_o the_o left_a hand_n and_o this_o be_v the_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d describe_v by_o 38._o by_o aelian_a tact._n c._n 38._o aelian_a and_o not_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d as_o captain_n 25._o captain_n in_o his_o note_n upon_o ael_n tact._n cap._n 25._o bingame_n say_v the_o form_n of_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d you_o shall_v see_v in_o the_o figure_n follow_v abcd_a efgh_n iklmno_fw-la the_o figure_n a._n b._n c._n d._n be_v a_o face_v of_o the_o whole_a battle_n to_o the_o right_n where_o that_o which_o be_v before_o the_o right_a flank_n b._n d._n be_v now_o become_v the_o front_n the_o rear_n before_o c._n d._n be_v now_o become_v the_o right_a flank_n the_o front_n before_o a._n b._n be_v now_o become_v the_o left_a flank_n the_o left_a flank_n before_o a.c._n be_v now_o become_v the_o rear_n the_o figure_n e._n f._n g._n h._n be_v a_o face_v of_o the_o battle_n to_o the_o left_a where_o that_o which_o be_v the_o left_a flank_n before_o e._n g._n be_v now_o become_v the_o front_n the_o right_a flank_n f._n h._n the_o rear_n the_o front_n e._n f._n the_o right_a flank_n the_o rear_n g._n h._n the_o left_a flank_n the_o figure_n i._o k._n l._n m._n n._n o._n be_v a_o face_v of_o the_o battle_n to_o the_o right_n and_o leave_v by_o division_n where_o the_o one_o half_a of_o the_o battle_n k._n l._n n._n o._n consist_v of_o 5._o file_n of_o pick_v and_o 5._o of_o musquetier_n face_n to_o the_o right_a hand_n and_o make_v the_o front_n l_o o._n which_o before_o be_v the_o right_a flank_n &_o the_o other_o half_a i._n k._n m._n n._n consist_v of_o alike_a file_n face_n to_o the_o left_a and_o make_v the_o front_n i._n m._n which_o before_o be_v the_o left_a flank_n so_o that_o thereby_o it_o be_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d or_o a_o double_a front_a battle_n the_o word_n of_o command_n be_v these_o face_n to_o the_o right_n as_o you_o be_v face_n to_o the_o left_a as_o you_o be_v face_n to_o the_o right_n and_o leave_v by_o division_n as_o you_o be_v some_o say_v only_o to_o the_o right_n to_o the_o left_a etc._n etc._n our_o scots_a word_n of_o command_n be_v right_o about_o to_o your_o first_o oder_fw-ge leave_v about_o to_o your_o first_o oder_fw-ge right_o and_o leave_v about_o to_o your_o first_o oder_fw-ge but_o they_o be_v not_o so_o proper_a as_o the_o former_a the_o second_o manner_n of_o face_v be_v when_o the_o soldier_n make_v a_o half_a turn_n to_o the_o rear_n by_o the_o right_n or_o left_a hand_n the_o french_a call_v it_o demy_fw-fr tour_fw-fr a_fw-fr droit_fw-fr or_o a_o gauch_n the_o greek_n call_v it_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d which_o be_v either_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d or_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 84_o 〈◊〉_d leo_fw-la tact._n cap._n 7._o §_o 79._o &_o 84_o leo_n call_v it_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d aelian_a 24._o aelian_a aelian_a tact._n c._n 24._o define_v it_o to_o be_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d translation_n of_o the_o former_a aspect_n to_o the_o rear_n the_o motion_n be_v do_v as_o the_o other_o motion_n how_o to_o do_v the_o motion_n except_o that_o the_o soldier_n make_v twice_o so_o great_a a_o turn_v for_o stand_v fast_o with_o his_o left_a leg_n he_o only_o turn_v upon_o his_o heel_n and_o draw_v back_o his_o right_a leg_n if_o he_o face_n to_o the_o right_n about_o and_o bring_v forward_o his_o right_a leg_n if_o he_o face_n to_o the_o leave_v about_o but_o in_o a_o march_n face_v to_o the_o right_n about_o he_o must_v bring_v forward_o his_o left_a leg_n the_o use_n of_o it_o be_v motion_n the_o use_n of_o the_o motion_n if_o the_o enemy_n charge_v your_o rear_n than_o you_o be_v ready_a to_o receive_v he_o by_o turn_v the_o face_n of_o all_o the_o soldier_n of_o your_o battle_n to_o the_o rear_n against_o he_o which_o pyrro_n which_o plutar._n in_o pyrro_n pyrrhus_n king_n of_o epirus_n do_v come_v out_o of_o argos_n be_v press_v with_o a_o multitude_n of_o enemy_n and_o 189._o and_o zenoph_n cyrope_v lib._n 7._o 189._o cyrus_n come_v from_o the_o wall_n of_o babylon_n to_o his_o camp_n often_o face_v about_o his_o army_n to_o receive_v the_o enemy_n who_o sali_v out_o of_o the_o
they_o likewise_o get_v their_o distance_n command_v so_o that_o in_o this_o motion_n as_o in_o the_o other_o open_n the_o battle_n shall_v possess_v in_o length_n after_o it_o be_v full_o open_v the_o double_a of_o the_o ground_n it_o have_v before_o the_o open_n the_o word_n of_o command_n for_o these_o motion_n to_o your_o open_a other_o or_o any_o order_n else_o file_n open_v to_o the_o right_a hand_n file_n open_a to_o the_o left_a hand_n file_n open_a to_o the_o right_n and_o left_a or_o as_o some_o say_v open_a both_o way_n and_o some_o only_o file_n open_a for_o when_o there_o be_v no_o nomination_n of_o any_o hand_n it_o be_v understand_v as_o before_o in_o close_v a_o open_n from_o the_o middle_n to_o both_o hand_n our_o word_n of_o command_n to_o your_o first_o distance_n or_o any_o distance_n else_o open_v your_o string_n to_o the_o right_a hand_n open_v your_o string_n to_o the_o left_a hand_n open_v your_o string_n open_v of_o rank_n be_v a_o extension_n of_o the_o depth_n of_o the_o battle_n in_o place_n and_o be_v perform_v but_o one_o way_n to_o wit_n towards_o the_o rear_n which_o be_v thus_o do_v the_o file-leader_n or_o the_o first_o rank_n stand_v still_o and_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o rank_n fall_v backward_o towards_o the_o rear_n until_o the_o second_o rank_n have_v get_v its_o distance_n which_o then_o stand_v the_o rest_n of_o the_o rank_n move_v still_o backward_o until_o they_o all_o have_v get_v their_o distance_n command_v iklm_a iklm_n be_v a_o open_v of_o rank_n where_o you_o see_v the_o 2_o and_o 3._o rank_n have_v move_v backward_o and_o have_v already_o take_v their_o distance_n and_o you_o must_v conceive_v the_o rest_n of_o the_o rank_n to_o be_v move_v from_o the_o front_n ik_fw-mi backward_o to_o the_o rear_n lm_o until_o they_o all_o get_v their_o distance_n require_v the_o word_n of_o command_n rank_n open_a to_o your_o open_a order_n or_o any_o order_n else_o our_o word_n of_o command_n open_v your_o rank_n to_o your_o first_o distance_n or_o any_o distance_n else_o some_o use_n a_o open_n of_o rank_n also_o forward_o from_o the_o rear_n to_o the_o front_n if_o the_o ground_n permit_v the_o action_n of_o these_o motion_n of_o open_v which_o i_o have_v now_o show_v both_o of_o file_n and_o rank_n by_o make_v the_o file_n press_v upon_o their_o sydman_n and_o the_o rank_n upon_o their_o follower_n be_v according_a to_o our_o common_a modern_a exercise_n which_o differ_v much_o from_o the_o action_n of_o the_o ancient_a 32._o ancient_a aelian_a tact._n c._n 32._o greek_n for_o they_o in_o open_v file_n and_o rank_n do_v perform_v the_o motion_n by_o facing_n but_o in_o my_o opinion_n our_o common_a form_n be_v rather_o to_o be_v follow_v for_o although_o it_o want_v not_o its_o own_o inconvenient_n be_v subject_n to_o stumble_v on_o stobb_n stone_n or_o hole_n in_o the_o way_n yet_o in_o respect_n the_o terminus_fw-la ad_fw-la quem_fw-la be_v not_o certain_a nor_o see_v as_o it_o be_v in_o close_v of_o file_n and_o rank_n the_o last_o rank_n or_o the_o uttermost_a file_n which_o begin_v the_o motion_n of_o open_v shall_v never_o be_v assure_v where_o to_o stand_v or_o in_o what_o part_n to_o set_v themselves_o to_o give_v a_o due_a competent_a ground_n to_o all_o the_o rank_n or_o file_n to_o take_v their_o distance_n command_v neither_o can_v the_o examine_v be_v discern_v be_v the_o i_fw-mi of_o the_o commander_n and_o therefore_o the_o motion_n must_v be_v begin_v and_o the_o distance_n must_v first_o be_v takin_n from_o the_o terminus_fw-la à _fw-la quo_fw-la which_o be_v see_v and_o certain_a to_o wit_n the_o rank_n or_o file_n that_o stand_v and_o so_o every_o one_o after_o other_o shall_v assure_o get_v their_o distance_n command_v which_o they_o can_v not_o do_v behind_o their_o back_n if_o they_o use_v a_o face_n but_o in_o this_o i_o submit_v myself_o to_o the_o judgement_n of_o the_o more_o learned_a for_o i_o think_v also_o that_o soldier_n may_v be_v teach_v to_o take_v their_o distance_n by_o pace_v observe_v that_o close_n and_o open_v both_o of_o file_n and_o rank_n be_v one_o another_o reducement_n as_o if_o you_o close_v file_n to_o the_o right_a hand_n and_o will_v reduce_v they_o to_o their_o first_o station_n command_v they_o to_o open_a to_o the_o left_a if_o you_o open_v file_n to_o the_o left_a hand_n to_o bring_v they_o as_o they_o be_v you_o must_v close_v file_n to_o the_o right_a hand_n if_o you_o close_v to_o the_o middle_n open_a to_o the_o right_n and_o leave_v by_o division_n and_o so_o they_o be_v reduce_v &_o è_fw-la contra_fw-la again_o if_o you_o close_a rank_n forward_o open_v they_o backward_o and_o so_o you_o bring_v they_o as_o they_o be_v &_o è_fw-la contra_fw-la 28._o contra_fw-la aelian_a tact._n e._n 28._o aelian_a call_v a_o open_n of_o file_n or_o rank_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d a_o double_n of_o the_o length_n or_o depth_n in_o place_n which_o in_o my_o opinion_n be_v not_o fit_o spokin_n for_o although_o file_n and_o rank_n be_v open_v to_o a_o great_a distance_n yet_o the_o battle_n can_v be_v say_v to_o be_v double_v the_o use_n of_o open_v and_o close_v the_o battle_n in_o length_n and_o depth_n you_o may_v find_v 3._o find_v supra_fw-la tit._n 3._o before_o when_o i_o speak_v of_o distance_n to_o the_o which_o i_o remit_v you_o for_o i_o will_v repeat_v nothing_o only_o this_o i_o add_v that_o battle_n be_v open_v and_o close_v when_o a_o general_n will_v make_v his_o army_n appear_v strong_a or_o weak_a according_a as_o he_o mind_v to_o terrify_v or_o allure_v the_o enemy_n file_n be_v close_v to_o the_o right_n or_o last_o hand_n when_o a_o troop_n of_o horse_n or_o foot_n or_o waggones_n with_o baggage_n be_v to_o pass_v betwixt_o either_o of_o your_o flank_n and_o some_o strait_n file_n be_v close_v to_o the_o right_n and_o leave_v by_o division_n when_o you_o will_v make_v a_o street_n through_o your_o battle_n for_o a_o general_n or_o some_o great_a commander_n to_o pass_v of_o conversion_n or_o wheel_a tit_n 10._o conversion_n or_o wheeling_n be_v a_o motion_n of_o the_o whole_a battle_n towards_o the_o flank_n or_o rear_n change_v the_o ground_n and_o therefore_o wheeling_n be_v two_o fold_n the_o one_o when_o the_o battle_n make_v a_o quarter_n turn_v to_o the_o right_n or_o left_a flank_n which_o the_o greek_n call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d or_o conversion_n the_o other_o when_o it_o make_v a_o half_a turn_n to_o the_o rear_n be_v the_o right_n or_o left_a hand_n and_o this_o they_o call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d or_o inflexion_n no_o other_o languadge_a except_o the_o greek_a do_v express_v this_o motion_n in_o two_o several_a word_n epistrophe_n be_v describe_v clear_o by_o 24._o by_o aelian_a tact._n c._n 24._o aelian_a 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d &c_n &c_n when_o close_v the_o battle_n be_v the_o sideman_n and_o the_o follower_n we_o turn_v it_o whole_o as_o the_o body_n of_o a_o man_n either_o to_o the_o pick_n or_o the_o target_n it_o be_v carry_v about_o the_o corner_n file-leader_n as_o about_o a_o centre_n and_o change_v the_o place_n of_o the_o front_n transfer_v the_o countenance_n of_o the_o soldier_n to_o the_o right_n or_o left_a flank_n 31._o flank_n aelian_a tact._n c._n 31._o aelian_a in_o a_o other_o place_n set_v it_o down_o more_o ample_o &_o it_o be_v thus_o to_o be_v perform_v you_o must_v command_v the_o file_n to_o close_a to_o the_o hand_n to_o which_o you_o mean_v to_o wheel_n &_o the_o rank_n to_o close_v also_o forwards_o then_o you_o cause_v the_o corner_n file-leader_n on_o the_o examine_v hand_n to_o stand_v still_o as_o the_o fix_a foot_n of_o a_o compass_n but_o move_v in_o his_o own_o place_n and_o all_o the_o rest_n keep_v their_o file_n and_o rank_n close_v to_o turn_v to_o the_o examine_v hand_n joint_o about_o the_o corner_n file-leader_n until_o the_o front_n of_o your_o battle_n be_v towards_o the_o flank_n to_o which_o you_o wheel_v so_o that_o the_o front_n of_o the_o battle_n be_v wheel_v fall_v like_o a_o perpendicular_a line_n upon_o the_o front_n of_o the_o battle_n before_o it_o wheel_v make_v a_o right_a angle_n of_o 90_o degree_n at_o the_o corner_n file-leader_n about_o who_o they_o wheel_v and_o the_o flank_n fall_v upon_o the_o front_n as_o a_o parallel_n which_o the_o figure_n follow_v show_v abcdef_n ghiklm_a the_o figure_n abcdef_n be_v a_o epistrophe_n or_o whee_fw-mi ling_n to_o the_o right_a hand_n cdef_n be_v the_o battle_n before_o the_o wheeling_n whereof_o cd_o be_v the_o front_n df_n the_o right_a hand_n file_n the_o command_n be_v give_v the_o right_a hand_n file-leader_n d_o who_o be_v thus_o mark_a *_o stand_v in_o his_o place_n