Selected quad for the lemma: ground_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
ground_n	face_n	pike_n	rear_n	1,731	5	13.2919	5	false

Text snippets containing the quad

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A54357	The perfection of military discipline after the newest method, as practised in England and Ireland, &c., or, The industrious souldiers golden treasury of knowledge in the art of making war containing instructions for the exercising the pike and musket in all their postures, with the signs of the drum, by its beating the several points of war, the exercise of granadeers, horse, and dragoons : the explanation of the words of command, and how to be put in practice ... : the several doublings, wheelings, and drawing up of battalions, squadrons of horse, &c. with the conduct of armies in open or inclosed countries, or upon any occasion or immergency ... the method to be observed in garrisons, and the manner of fortification, with that of besieging strong holds, &c. to which is added, as a second part, The art of gunnery, or, The compleat engineer : shewing the practice of the ordnance, mortars, &c. with the manner of making and using fire-works for war, at sea and land, and many other things necessary to be known for the improvement of souldiers.		1690 (1690)	Wing P1532; ESTC R18339	60,614	163

always in this there is one Battery bigger than the rest called the Royal Battery which generally fronts the Town besieged and is frequently raised as high as the Walls and these Batteries must labour to dismount the Cannon of the besieged as well as batter the Walls for thereby the Enterprise will be facilitated but many times the Flankers are covered in a manner by the Counterscarp which must thereupon be laid open or possessed by the besiegers to gain a more uninterrupted Access and if the besieged Parly and send out to make terms Hostilities ought to cease till those that came out are returned unless the besiegers will refuse to hearken to any Parly which is not often observed unless the matter be carried so far that the breaches are laid open and there is no way or means for a longer Defence then instead of gaining Conditions they are forced to surrender upon Discretion If by Battery Mining throwing Bombs or a perpetual tiring the Enemy the Town is saultable and a general Storm be intended it must however be the General 's care as much as in him is to keep his intentions from the besieged but pretending one thing suddenly change the Order into another for by it the Enemy is accused and the Souldiers Spirits are kept up this Rule was observed by the Duke of Lorain in taking of Buda and proved very successful as it has done in the like upon other occasion The Court Martial or Council of War what is to be considered therein IT is necessary the young Souldiers should have some insight in this Affair to prevent his ignorantly incurring Danger and in this Case in an Army or Incampment the Council of War meet at the General 's Tent or Quarters and to this are called the Lieutenant-Generals the Major-Generals the Brigadiers as likewise the Collonels and Commanders of Bodies where it is requisite or that the Matter concerns their Regiment There are private Court-Martials or Councils of War frequently held in Garrisons and these may be held at the Governour 's House or in any other convenient place as the Governour shall appoint or if it be in a Camp it may be at the Collonel's Tent and he thereupon is to send notice to the Captains of his Regiment to be present those whose business it is to be there being assembled the Collonel or Governour or whose Right it is to be President takes place at the upper end of the Table and the Captains in their Degree and if there be no Judge-Advocate or he be absent the Town-Major Aid-Major or Quarter-Master discharges that Office and accordingly takes his place at the lower end of the Table As for the Lieutenants Sub-Lieutenants and Ensigns they have Priviledge to be there but only as Spectators with their Hats off and if the Matter be of consequence after it is opened by the President the youngest Officers gives first his Opinion and so the rest in Order the President being the last and being put all in Writing the Matter happens conform to the plurality of Votes and then is to be signed by the President if the matter is to be judged of by this Council or Court then the Party accused is brought before them and being informed of what he stands accused the Questions proper to the matter of his Accusations are asked him and then he has Liberty to reply as in case of civil Judicature when being withdrawn in the custody of the Marshal who is the Goaler of this Court the proof against him is considered and every one gives his opinion upon his Conscience and he stands or falls by the plurality of Voices and being called in and made acquainted with what has been determined the Sentence is pronounced by the President in the name of the Court c. and if he be guilty 't is the business of the Provost Martial to see it put in Execution and if the Punishment be publick the Regiment ought to be drawn up Spectators as a warning to them in offending c. but a Souldier for the Honour of the Profession is not to undergo any infamous Punishment before he be degraded of his Arms and his Coat in publick strip'd off and to frame this Court there must be no less than Seaven the President being one many times for want of a sufficient number of Superiour Officers Inferiour Officers are admitted but not often Of divers Figures in Battel-Array or for Fireing c. THere are various Figures wherein an Army or a Body of Men may be drawn up besides these we have named wherefore for the satisfaction of the more curious and for the greater variety it will be convenient to incert them by way of Prospect c. If you would draw up a cross Battle in the following Figure you may do it with a private Company or as many as you please and to bring them into form The words of Command are viz. The first two Ranks wheel your Front into the midst The two last Ranks wheel your Rear into the midst These words being given the next Command must be The rest of the Body Face to the right and left March The March must be continued till the Rear of the four Divisions make an even Hollow that may be square after that the Commander must go into the middle and give these words of Command viz. To the Center face all by which means he may give them directions what to do and then proceed further to say Face all about to the Right which makes the cross Battle Of the two Divisions one after the other Then Face all to the proper Front So you have all your Musketires in the midst flanked with Pikes Then Musketiers Face The Cross Battel Face to the right and left outward Pikes face to the right and left inward pass through and interchange ground So is your Body reduced to its first Front and Order If you would fire upon this Figure consider there are two ways in general and of these first it is to be noted when the Musketiers give Fire thereupon placing themselves in the Rear of their own Division the next Rank is after they have Fired place themselves in the Rear of the Pikes To Reduce the Cross Battle The Officers in the middle must give the Command viz. Face all to the Centre And then further proceed to Command those Divisions that were Flankers viz. Close to your Order The four fronted Battle called the Plynthium how to frame it by Command TO order this the Command must be viz. Half Files of Pikes Face to the Rear March This they must observe till clear of the Ranks of the Musketiers and then the Command is Half Files of Musketiers Face to the Right and Left March This must be done in marching between the Divisions of Pikes then the further word is Left half Ranks of the first Division of Musketiers Face to the Right and March between the Rear Division of Pikes In this case it is noted that

the Musketiers must be in the middst and the Pikes as Flankers The Figure of the four Fronted Battle c. To Fire upon this Figure the Musketiers must do it in Rank and after Fireing wheel off to the Right making their passage through the intervals and placing themselves in the Rear of their own Division successively maintaining the same Ground or if you would bring the Musketiers to the Angles and reduce the Pikes to the middle then must the Musketiers take place on the Flanks when you make the Figure To reduce this Figure The whole Body is commanded to Face to the proper Front And then Musketiers in the Rear March up on the Left of the Musketiers in the Front Musketiers in the Flank Face inward and close your Division These Commands given cause the Pikes to march up taking their places directly after their Leaders and by that means they will be brought into a sollid square The Commands are Musketiers Face to the Right and Left inward Pikes Face inward interchanging Ground The Hollow Fronted Cross Battle how to form it THE Files in this case being eight Men in depth the words of Command are thus to to be given The two first Ranks wheel your Front into the midst Two last Ranks wheel your Rear into the midst The rest Face to the Right and Left March Here they must move untill they have made the Cross then the Musketiers must Flank the Pikes as for example in the following Figure Proper Front Front of the Right Flank Front of the Rear Front of the left Flank If you come to Fire in this Figure it may be done every way as at Front Rear and Flanks the Fire made they must wheel off by Division and take their stations in the Rear of their own Division moving forward into the Leader's Ground that the form of the Figure may not be altered and when the second Fire is given the Pikes must move leisurely up Porting as they Advance till they make an even Front with the Musketiers the second Fireing being made those that fired are to wheel and place themselves in the Rear of that Division of Pikes which they Flanked which order all the Ranks must observe upon Fireing and by the Pikes Charging and Re-advancing the Figure will be preserved and the Reducement may be observed in what is directed for the Reducement of the cross Battel How to frame the hollow Square with Angles when required to be guarded with Pikes IN this case the Pikes being Advanced the Command must be Pikes close your Divisions before the Musketiers Pikes face all to the Right upon this they must Advance and move into the space between the Angles of the Musketiers by which means the following Figure will be formed c. Front In fireing upon this Figure you have your choice to fire either to the Rear Front or Flank as many Ranks as will stand with conveniency who upon fireing must wheel off and keep the ground or upon fireing they may retire into the Figure and charge for a second fireing How to form the Quintuple hollow Square c IN forming the following Figure the Musketiers having made Ready and taken their station in the middle make the hollow Front cross Battel by wheeling the Front of the two first Ranks into the middle which done the Rear of the two last Ranks must be wheeled into the midst likewise then the rest of the Body must Face to the Right and the Left and March till they have formed a Square whereupon the words of Command are Face to the Front Rear and Flanks This done the Pikes in the Front of the Musketiers must be Commanded viz. Open to the Right and Left Upon this the last Rank of Pikes must be even with the first Rank of Musketiers and then these words of Command follow viz. Two first Ranks of Musketiers of each Division move forward clear of the Pikes This done the following Figure will be produced In fireing upon this Figure the Command is Musketiers in the midst close to the Front Rear and Flanks Fire c. The Musketiers ought upon the first fireing to make good their Ground the second time fireing over they must Rank even with the Pikes and upon the third fireing the Pikes must move somewhat forward and the Musketiers loose Ground by which means a hollow Fronted Cross is formed and the Pikes must Port and Charge in the Angles whilst the Fire is made by the Musketiers The form of a hollow square Battle impaled with Shot TO bring this into Figure and Order the Serjeants must draw forth the odd Files on the right Flanks as well Muskets as Pikes then give Command to the odd Files of the left Flank Pikes and Musketiers viz. Face to the Rear This must be observed in wheeling to the left Cross the Rear following the Bringers up then the Command to the rest of the Body is Close to the Right and Left outward This must be till the Rear Angles of each Division be in opposition to each other then the Command is All Face to the Center Face all about to the Right By this means the following Figure is formed Noe In these Figures that C stands for Commander in Chief L for Lieutenant E for Ensign S for Serjeant and D for Drums P are Pikes and M Muskets To Fire upon this Figure when the Ranks of Musketiers have presented and fired they are to wheel off to the right and left through the Intervals that so they may be made in the middle of each Division as appears in the Figure and then they must place themselves in the Rear of their own Division the next Rank moving into their Ground or if any urgency require it the Musketiers having fired they may wheel off and take their station in the Rear of their following Division of Pikes which Division is to move forward and maintain the Musketiers Ground If you would reduce the Order the word of Command to the whole Body is Face to the left Angles of the Front Division Upon this they must March and even their Ranks and straighten their Files upon which the half Files must double their Ranks to the left forwards and the first Order will be regained Directions or general Observation in giving Battel THough there can no certain Rule be ascribed where the Contingencies are various yet it has been observed by experienced Commanders that Rules are necessary wherefore a Commander must avoid engaging against his Will as much as in him lies and take the happy moment to charge the Enemy when he sees an active Liveliness and sprightly Vigour in his Souldiers chosing the most advantageous Ground according to the quality and number of his Men sheltering for fear of being enclosed one of the Wings or Flanks to a place strong either by Nature or Art and bring on the Divisions of Horse and Foot at their ordinary distance placing the best Regiments of Horse and Foot on the Wings if

Barrel placing the great end of your Scowerer just at the Muzle of your Musket 22. Ram down Powder and Ball. Take a full grasp with your Thumb and Fore-finger from the Muzle your Thumb on the top of the Scowerer keeping a handful in your hand 23. Withdraw your Scowerer Your hand Thumb and Fore-finger being turned towards the Muzle clear your Scowerer at three motions and dart it as before 24. Shorten it to a Handful Clap the small end of your Scowerer to your Breast slip it to a Handful of the end holding it a little below your right Breast slooping 25. Return your Scowerer Upon this place it in its proper place without expecting any word grasp the Muzle of your Musket with the right hand your Thumb being extended upon the Scowerer keeping it half a foot clear from your Side the Muzles directly to front all of a height 26. Poise your Musket In this case with your left hand before you bring up your Musket grasp it with your right hand under the Cock falling with your right Leg to your left keeping it Poised directly before your Nose being faced to the Front let your right Elbow rest upon your Body 27. Shoulder your Muskets In doing this take the rule that has been mentioned 28. Poise your Muskets Do this as before has been shew'd 29. Order your Muskets In doing this sink your right hand a little take hold of the Stock with the left hand on the top of the Scowerer then suffering the left to sink take hold of the Muzle with the right hand the butt end easily sinking near the ground when after a little pause let them all come down together giving as it were but one thump then close to the right foot place the butt end about the middle of it the Lock outward and your right hand an Inch below the Muzle 30. Lay down your Musket Having turn'd it with the back upwards you step forwards with your left Leg and your right hand lay it on the ground that it may lie in a streight Line with the rest never laying it down with any other but the right hand 31. Quit your Musket Stand upright by raising your self with a fall back of your left Leg to your right 32. Handle your Musket Here observe to step forward with your left Leg and lay your righ● hand on the Muzle of your Musket 33. Order your Musket Upon this word raise the Muzle and fall back with your left Leg to your right turning the Lock outwards by the middle of your foot And thus in case of Fire-Arms the postures are little different as will hereafter appear Instructions for Exercising the Pike relating to the various Postures already mentioned in Command 1. Pike-men take heed Advance your Pikes IN this case move your Pike upward in a direct Line with your right hand near your side your right hand well near as high as you can reach depressing your left hand as low as you can your fingers streight out and raise your Pike till the butt end comes to your right hand at what time place it between your Breast and Shoulder keeping your butt end close that it may be more firmly uprigh● 2. To the Front Place your left hand on your Pike even with the top of your Shoulder casting your finger streight bringing your Pike right before you with a very swift motion drawing in your right Heel to your left Instep keeping the Pike streight 3. Charge In this posture fall back with your right Leg suffering the heel of your left foot to be against the middle of your right and bring down your Pike with a quick jerk support your Pike with your left elbow and Charge breast high bending your left Knee upon yeilding your Body forward to fix your self the firmer holding the butt end in the palm of your right hand your left Toe directly pointing with the spear of your Pike set your Feet at a moderate distance to stand the more firm and bring your Pike down a little beneath your breast beware of clattering close it to your breast when it is Charged 4. To the Right four times In this doing turn your left Toe to the right then make your left Heel come up with your left Instep with a quick motion recovering your Pike straight before you then having turned fall back with your right Leg Charge as before c. 5. To the Right-about Here you must by turning your left Toe bring it to the Right-about bringing up your right Heel your Pike recovered then Charge being turned with much quickness 6. As you were Bring up your left Toe by turning to the Left about then bringing your Pike recovered your left hand must never be higher than your Mouth your Feet in Order when being turn'd you must fall back with your right Leg and Charge bringing your Pike straight up without Clattering Do these as has been shewn in case of the Right only observing 8 left Motions c. 7. To the Left 4 times 8. To the Left-about 9. As you were 10. Advance your Pike In doing this make your right Hee l come up to your left Instep having your Pike before you fall out with your right Foot and bring your Pike to your right Thigh 11. Shoulder Your fingers of your left hand being extended lay that hand on your Pike even with your Shoulder then make your right Hee l come even with your left Instep your Pike right before you fall back with your right Leg and put back your right Arm as far as may be holding your Pike about half a foot from your side keeping your Eye upon the Spear and that directly to the Rear your Pike slooped when forsakeing it with your left hand bring in your right Leg laying your Pike on your right Shoulder keeping your Elbow to your Body the butt end about half a foot from the ground in the middle of the distance 12. Charge to the Front Here you must fall back with your right Leg putting back as much as may be your Arm keeping the Spear exactly to the Rear setting the Pike aslope at the same height as shouldering then bring the butt end backwards with your left hand turning the head with your right hand then quit it with that hand and take hold of the butt end and Charge breast high the palm of your hand against the butt end open and your left Elbow under the Pike the left Toe directly with the Spear and when you Charge let it be directly forward your left Heel being just against the middle of your right Foot 13. Shoulder as you were In the first place raise your Pike with both your hands then quit it with the right and with the left turn the head backwards the Spear directly with the Rear then seize it again with your right hand as high as you can reach without straining and stand with it from your Body aslope bring up your right Leg and forsaking your Pike

are to have their Arms straight before them ready Cockt and Gaurded and the Pikes being Ported they must charge when the Musketiers Present and then ensue the further words of Command viz. The five first Ranks kneel The Rear Ranks Present Fire The Fifth Rank stand up Present Fire The Fourth Rank stand up Present Fire In this manner the rest must be Commanded when they have fired they are to Charge again and make themselves in readiness to expect the next word of Command and this Order of Fireing may be performed by two or three Ranks at a time the first kneeling the second stooping and the third standing up In fireing to gain ground observe this Order The Battalion marching he that is to give the word of Command proceeds thus First Ranks of Musketiers make ready Halt Upon this the intire Battalion must Halt then he is to Command the Musketiers of the first Rank To Present Fire And as soon as they have fired they must recover their Arms not expecting any word of Command and with a swift pace File off to the Right and Left into the Rear observing ever when the first Rank Presents the next Rank is to make Ready and as the first files off the next must make good the Front Battalion marching and every Rank to fire in this Order and at the presenting of every Rank the Pikes without Command The manner of Fireing to the Front Retreating If the Enemy press your Battalion in Front and you cannot make good your Ground you may to prevent their pressing on Fire Retreating in single Ranks in the same manner as when you are to gain Ground except after the fireing of every Rank and their having filed off to the Right and Left into the Rear instead of the next Ranks advancing to make good the Front of the Pikes the Pikes must make their Retreat to the Musketiers who must keep their Ground till the Pikes make an even Front equal with them and the rest of the Ranks in their Fireing and Retreating are to observe this Method The manner of Fireing in the Flank If a Battalion be upon the March and is constrained by reason of the pressing of the Enemy to Fire to both Flanks it is to be thus performed Keep the Ranks at six foot distance and the intervals of that distance must be carefully observed between the Muskets and Pikes in their Divisions and this must be done by causing the Musketiers to incline to the right and left upon every fireing to the Flanks The words of Command are viz. To the right and left hand Files of Musketiers make Ready Which they must do and keep along with the Body not facing to the Flanks till they are commanded to Present and when they have fired they are to face to the Rear being thereupon lead a thwart very quick by the Serjeants and so up between their own Divisions and the Pikes and as soon as ever the next Flank Files Present those that succeed or support them are to make Ready without expecting the word of Command as is many other cases has been instanced keeping a long with the Body till they are bid Present and this Order must be observed till all the Files have fired each man upon fireing falling back with his right Leg in case of fireing to the Rear which many times stands instead especially upon being Charged by a greater number or upon a Retreat you must observe the following Order The manner of Fireing in the Rear The words of Command directing this way of Fireing are first The Rear Ranks of Musketiers make Ready By which is understood Cocking and Guarding Then Present Fire Upon these words the Souldiers must turn to the Right-about casting their left Legs backwards then Present and Fire which done they must recover their Arms without any word of Command marching up into the Front and there taking their Stations and note that as soon as the first Rank is bid Present the next is to make Ready without Command but must not face to the Rear till Commanded to Present and when the first Rank is bid to Present the Pikes must march till such time as the Rear of the Pikes are even with the next Rank of Musketiers that have made Ready by which means room will be left in the Front for that Rank that fires to bring themselves up even with the first Rank of Pikes every Rank being to do the like by the same Order The manner of Fireing the Street-way THis Fireing is generally made to defend against Horse that attempt to Charge in the Front when the Pikes are few then the Rear half Files of Pikes must double the Front upon this Command viz. Rear half Files of Pikes to the Right Double your Front March Musketiers to the Right about March The Musketiers being clear of the Pikes the following Commands are to be given Musketiers face to the Right and Left inwards March Upon this Command they are to joyn the Center of the Pikes and the Commandan● proceeds viz. Face to your Leader Hereupon the care of the Officers must b● to observe the Shot and the Pikes equall● Wing the former keeping no more distance from the latter then to give space for the Ensigns Drums and Hoitboys to com● between then the Captains are to take place in the first Ranks of the Pikes and the Lieutenants with the Musketiers and according as the Body is bigger or lesser one or more of the Serjeants must see the two first Ranks of Musketiers to face to the right or left and when the Command is given by the Chief Commandant viz. Port your Pikes The Musketiers of the two first Ranks must make Ready and at the word March the two first Ranks are to be brought up by the Serjeants to the right or left according as it is ordered who by two and two siting up they thwart under the Pikes and there they are to face to the proper Front without expecting any VVord of Command and to make two Ranks and that some are may be ever reserved 't is most expedient to fire but one Rank at a time the second being cock'd or guarded to stand either of them as near to the Pikes as the Management of their Arms will permit then the VVord is to be given viz. First Ranks of Musketiers kneel Upon which they must fall-back with their right legs keeping their left fixed their arms-upright before them their left hands even with their mouths then the further word of Command is given viz. Present Fire Immediately upon fireing they are to recover their Arms without expecting the word of Command and so file off on the contrary hand they advanced on with as much speed as they can the Serjeants leading them close by the Body unto the Rear placing them there in their proper Files The Musketiers being commanded to Present the Pikes must port very low without any other word and in the same Order to raise their Pikes as soon

them and their Thumbs for the better security on the Cocks whereupon the Pikes are to be recovered before the Pikemen the butt ends in the palms of their hands and the Spears upright their left hands no more than the height of their Mouths When the word Charge is given then must they bring down the Muskets and Pikes at once being sure to turn the left Toes that way they Charge and the heel of the fame Foot directly against the middle of the right Foot in every Charge charging directly forward not at first charging the Pikes close to one anothers Breasts but charge a little way distant in bringing down the Pikes and when they are charged then is the time to close them The Charge is To the Right four times Then to the Right-about after that As you were Then to the Left Charge four times Then to the Left-about Charge Then as you were which you may plainly observe in what has been laid down in the former Exercise Here the Pike-men must turn as the Musketeers bringing up their right Heels to their left Insteps extending their Arms as they turn bringing their Muskets straight before them their left hand as high as their Mouths pulling back their Arms and when they are faced fall back with their right Legs nor must the Souldiers bring down their Arms till the word Charge is given doing it with a quick motion and not suffering the Pikes to clatter Then the word of Command is viz. Recover your Arms. Half bend your Muskets Poise your Muskets Shoulder your Musket As before is noted Hereupon the Muskets being Shouldered the Pikes that stood Recovered falling out with their right Legs the Pikes are brought to their Thighs to their Advance Poise your Muskets This Command given the Pike-men must fix their left hands to their Pikes about the height of their Shoulders Then Order your Arms. Pikes to your Inside Order Lay down your Arms. Quit your Arms. To the Right-about March These must be observed as is before directed in the Exercise which to repeat again would be Tautology only thus much when you are clear of your Arms you must disperse and upon the beat of Drum run thither again with a Huzza your Swords drawn and their points upwards Then these words of Command are given viz. Return your Swords Handle your Arms. Order your Arms. Pikes to your Out-side Order Advance These things ought to be duly considered and in this first place in ordering your Arms observe to make a little stop before the butt ends come to the ground that they may fall together at once after the Arms are laid down and quitted you must all stand up together as if it were but one motion Upon marching from your Arms step Front and Rear together with the left Feet and march but a little distance Your right hands being laid on your Swords you must take hold of your Scabbards with your left hands and your Swords being drawn you must hold them upright before you bringing them down at one motion and when by Command you have returned your Swords you must stand upright to your Arms looking to your proper Front As for the rest we refer you to the Exercise of the Pike and Musket distinctly Several things to be observed in Command and Exercise relating to the Match-Lock Musket c. THE Match-Lock Musket in all the material parts of Exercise is the same with the Fire-Lock but some other things being to be observed we shall lay them down for the ease of the Reader and this chiefly consists in keeping your Match well with a good Coal fastning it upon Command advantagiously in your Screw blowing the Coal and trying your Pan by false flashes laying it down at Command taking it up again shortening it to the Pan that it may give true Fire But more to the particulars 1. Lay down your Matches Do this at four Motions first by a little turning the butt end of your Musket easily slipping on your Shoulder lay then your right hand on your Match In the next place extend your right hand and foot before you and recover your Musket in its place Thirdly stoop and bring your Match near the right Foot within-side suffering your Ham to bend a little Lastly quit it and bring your Body upright and your right Foot even with your left 2. When the Command is given viz. Handle your Match then having recovered it bring it between your third and fourth Finger by the help of your Thumb and first Finger always using your right Hand then the Palm being turned from you you stretch your Arm towards your right hand Man 3. Blow your Match Hereupon bring your Match to your Mouth not stooping but turning your Head a little to the right when having given a strong Blast to carry off the Ashes cast off your Arm to the right 4. Cock and try your Match In this case fetching a compass with your Arm bring your Match to the Cock and supporting it with your two near Fingers press it down with your Thumb guiding i● with your middle Finger when keeping you● middle finger between it and the Pan pul● your Cock down as low as the Pan and sink or raise your Match that it may hit the middle of the Pan and having fired when you hear the word Return your Match Hold your Musket in your left hand the Barrel towards you suffering your left Elbow to rest on your Body then take your Match between your Thumb and Finger in the right hand placing your Thumb on the top of it the palm being turned from you placing one end of your Match between the third and fourth finger of your left hand and the other end press with the first and second fingers then with extended fingers place your right hand under the Pan. This is all that is material as to the Match the other postures of the Musket being the same with the Fire-Lock already mentioned Directions for the Exercise of Foot Granadiers THough the Granadiers in many things differ from the Musketiers in Exercise yet for the better part they do the same drawing up in the same Order Rank and File only they seldom draw up above three deep and supposing then to be shouldered The words of Command are Lay your right Hands on your Fire-Locks 1. Poise your Fire-Locks 2. Rest your Fire-Locks 3. Cock your Fire-Locks 4. Gaurd your Fire-Locks 5. Present 6. Fire 7. Recover your Arms. All these are to be done in the same manner as the Exercise of the Fire-Lock Musket 8. Cast over to the Left In doing this they are to lay their right hands on their Daggers 9. Draw your Daggers Here they must draw their Daggers and hold them upright in their hands before them 10. Screw it into the Muzle of your Fire-Lock Do this so that the flat side may be towards you when you have recovered 11. Return your Arms. 12. Charge to the Right four times 13. To the Right-about Charge

14. As you were 15. To the left Charge four times 16. To the Left-about Charge 17. As you were 18. Recover your Arms. These are to be done with a quick Motion after the manner of the Fire-Lock Musket 19. Cast to your Left Upon this they are to seize their Daggers with their right hands 20. Withdraw your Daggers Hereupon hold them directly before you the flat side to your Body 21. Return your Daggers Upon this put them up into the Scabbard 22. Poise your Fire-Lock 23. Half bend your Fire-Lock Do these as the Musketiers do the Fire-Lock 24 Open your Cartridge-Box and handle your Primer These are easily understood and need no direction 25. Prime 26. Return your Primer 27. Shut your Pan. 28. Blow off your loose Corns 30. Cast about to Charge Do all these as the Musketiers 31. Handle your Cartridge 32. Open it with your Teeth 33. Charge with Powder and Ball. 34. Draw forth your Scowerer 35. Shorten it to an Inch. Here by the Cartridge is meant the Charge of Powder made up in a paper fit for the Peice so that the Bullet being placed on the top of it they may be put in together 36. Ram down Powder and Ball. 37. Withdraw your Scowerer 38. Shorten it to a handful 39. Return your Scowerer 40. Poise your Fire-Lock Do these as the Musketiers do according to the Instructions laid down in their Exercise 41. Shoulder your Fire-Locks Upon this Command the Ranks are to close forward at six foot it being the Serjeants care to place their Halberts at a due distance 42. Poise your Fire-Locks Upon this over and above what the Musket requires seize the sling with your left hand 43. Sling your Fire-Locks 44. Handle your Pouches In handling your Pouches let your left hands be on the bottom all of a height advancing the right Legs and the right hands being of an equal height 45. Open your Pouches Do this altogether 46. Take forth your Granadoes Do this with the right hand extended before you 47. Shut your Pouches Do this all at once 48. Vncase your Fuzee Doing this step back with the right foot to the left facing 49. Handle your Match Do this with the left hand to the left side extending your Arms doing it nimbly altogether 50. Blow your Match In this doing the first Rank must fall back with their right Legs altogether giving a strong Blast 51. Fire your Fuzee 52. Deliver your Granado At this last word of Command the second Rank must advance six foot before the first with their Match ready to blow and when they have observed the words of Command the third must advance before them when upon the word Blow your March the first and second Ranks are to lay their hands upon their Hatchets and uppn the word Fire your Fuzees they are to raise their Hatchets and upon that of Deliver your Granado the Serjeants must be careful that the first Rank stands the second Marches six Foot before the first and the third six foot before the second expecting the word of Command with their Hatchets raised at what time the first Rank must raise theirs likewise Fall on In this case they must handle them fast bringing them down Return your Hatchets Upon this you must put them into the frog of your Belt by your side Poise your Fire-Locks Shoulder your Fire-Locks Do these as in case of the Fire-Lock Musket Granadiers make Ready In this case the first Rank must make ready their Fire-Locks and the second Rank handle their Pouches and the third their Hatchets The first Rank present At this word of Command the second Rank must open their Pouches take thence their Granadoes whilst the third raise their Hatchets Fire Upon this word of Command the second Rank must shut their Pouches uncase their Fuzes and handle their Match Recover your Arms. Here without any further Command the Granadiers of the first Rank must cast over to the Left draw and screw their Daggers into the Muzles of their Peices Recover their Arms and Charge the second Rank to advance six foot before them Blow your Match Fire your Fuzee Deliver your Granadoe Upon this last Command they are to Poise their Fire-Locks and make ready whilst the third March as the second with their Hatches Fall on Recover your Arms. At this last the third Rank must march twelve foot before the first Charging the second at six the first returning their Hatchets and making ready their Fire-Locks Recover your Arms. Upon this they are to half bend their Fire-Locks Cast over to the Left Withdraw your Daggers Return your Daggers Poise your Fire-Lock Shoulder your Fire Lock Face to the Right-about March Upon this last 't is the Serjeants duty to be careful that forward the Ranks open to twelve foot and that they so continue marching till they come to their Ground where they must halt without any word or Command In these observe the posture of the Musket As you were Poise your Fire-Locks Order your Arms. Lay down your Arms. Quit your Arms. Face to the Right about March Here observe that when you are clear of your Arms you are to disperse and upon the Drum beating you must hast to your Arms with a chearful Huzza your Daggers drawn lifted with their Points upwards Observe these as the Exercise of the Musket Fire-Lock and the rest as they have been laid down and you may grow expert Return your Dagger Handle your Arms. Order your Arms. Poise your Fire-Locks Shoulder your Fire-Locks Considerations of the Drum so necessary in the Exercise of the Foot what relates thereto THE Drum has been very anciently used in War and always approved by the greatest Captains the Souldiers understanding thereby what they are to do in many points as well as by the voice of their Commander and therefore it is called seme-vocal and gives directions of sundry kinds in these six points of War more peculiarly distinguished viz. 1. The Call 2. The Troop 3. The March 4. The Preparative 5. The Battaile 6. The Retreat And of these in their Order 1. The Call is to bring the Souldiers together to their Arms upon deliberate or urgent occasions or to hear any Proclamation or Orders that are to be given by the Officers so the Souldiers ought not especially in time of War on great Penalties to ramble beyond the hearing of it unless they be sent upon Parties or by some Express with the Knowledge and Approbation of the General or Officer in Chief 2. The Troop being beat the Souldiers must incontinently shoulder their Muskets and Advance their Pikes closing their Ranks and Files to Order following their Officers to the place of Randesvoze or else where 3. The March beaten you must observe to take your open Order in Rank shoulder both Musket and Pike and march quicker or slower as the Drum beats 4. The Preparative is to warn you that you close your due distance in preparing for Battle or Skirmish and see that nothing be

doubles into the odd and if it happen that the odd Ranks are to double then let the Body face to the Rear and you need not expect any other words of Command 2. Half Files 3. Bringers up Here they are said to be doubled at what time they double their Rear into the Front 4. In case of doubling the Rear it must be done when the half Files double to the Rear 5. Observe that the doubling of half Ranks must be by the one Rank doubling the other and every doubling is done by the passing through by Counter-marches intire or divisional doublings And observe in the doubling of Ranks that they are reduced by the doubling of Files further noting that the doubling Files to any hand by the doubling of Ranks to any hand they are reduced In every Motion 't is to be observed that those who are to double must before they quit their places Advance and Poise their Arms and the Commands being performed they are to conform to the same posture as they observe those to be in to whom they double whatsoever the Posture be If you go upon intire Doublings they are to be performed by Order as well in Rank as File and in Divisional Doublings must be at open Order as well in Rank as File observing your right hand man in all Motitions If your purpose be to strengthen a Battlion in the Front Rear or Flanks by doublings it may be done as to the Front and Rear by intire Doublings intire Wheelings Divisional Doublings and Divisional Wheelings and in the Flanks by Files half Ranks and Divisional Wheelings In this case the words of Command are Ranks to the Right Double March Ranks as you were March Ranks to the Left Double March Ranks as you were March Observing i● these matters a general Rule That upon any doubling of Ranks or half Files notwithstanding their turning to the contrary hand they double on from the ground they double to They when they come to their own ground must ever turn to the ●and they double and thereby they stand directly after their Leaders If you are for doubling of Files that may be done in the same manner holding in the same Order with the Reduction of doubled Ranks and for the doubling Front half Files by the Rear half Files the words of Command are Half Files to the right Hand Double your Front March Rear Half Files as you were March Rear half Files to the left hand double your Front March Rear half Files as you were March And again if you would reduce let the Rear half File stand without facing till they are passed by the Front half Files then let them fall after their proper Leaders but if by the Rear you intend to double the Front half Files the Rear half Files are to march exceeding slow the body standing still and in the half Files be curious to observe well the right hand Men and in doubling of Rear half Files by the Front half Files with the Reduction The words of Command are Front half Files to the Right-about Double your Rear half F●●es March In this case the three Front Ranks or Front half Files must turn to the Right about passing on the right hand of the Rear half Files doubling unto them and then to face to the Left-about to their Leaders without expecting the word of Command and in case of Command viz. Reduction From Half Files as you were March the Front half Files are to March slowly three foot distance from the right hand Man directing more le●●ward which reducees them to their former Ground If you are desirous to Exercise in Doublings observe the following Method Having drawn up the Battalion and if it consist of Musketiers the Commander in Chief must give the word of Command viz. Musketiers shoulder your Muskets but if the Battalion be composed of single Pikes those that are to march must be Commanded viz. Ranks that are to double to the Right Advance your Pikes Ranks that are double to the Left Advance your Pikes and this ought to be taken by the Pikes as a general Rule when they form a Battalion of themselves always advancing when they are to double fixing their Pikes upon the ground when they make a stand but different from this in some kind when the Battalion is composed of Musketiers only for the Command then is what is required in the ordering Musketiers alone and Pikes alone To the right double your Ranks in Front March Here if you would make your Doublings exactly true then the Souldiers upon their parting from their left Feet must come and place themselves in the middle of the distances of the Ranks they double and if the Battalion consist of six Ranks in depth when they are to double by Ranks either in Front or Rear then must it loose one Rank of the depth of ground and the distances of the Ranks by that means shall become double to those with whom they were before doubled this being well observed and you intend to reduce the Battalion proceeding thus Ranks as you were Then to double to the Left say To the Left double your Ranks If you intend to double your Ranks by half Files the Command must be viz. To the Right by half Files Double your Ranks in Front March And the same words are required to double the left by half Files either in the Wings or in the Rear then to reduce the Battalion the Command is only Ranks as you were To double the Ranks in Front upon the Wings so order it that from the half File to the close File the Battalion cut or divide it self in the half Ranks then the half Ranks on the left hand must face to the left and double upon the Wings of those two that have not changed their ground The manner of drawing up a Battalion and the Officers taking their Stations for Parade when they are to receive the King or General c. HEre the Battalion or Regiment being drawn up in Exercise the Ranks at twelve Feet distance and the Files at three the Musketiers sloping and carrying their Arms well the Pikes must order their Pikes in a close posture to their Bodies holding them near to their Heads the butt ends to the Latchets of their Shoes The Serjeants taking two or one on the right and left of every Rank at an equal distance as the Souldiers are at in the File but those on the Rear must place themselves at three paces from the last Rank of Souldiers well ordering their Halberts and having their Hats off the Drums are to stand on the right and the left even with the Front Rank of the Souldiers and at the same distance one from the other The Hoitboys are to be on the right of the Drums on the one side and the Drums on the right on the other The Officers Posts or Places Lieutenants to be divided equally at the head of the right and left Wings of Shot the Ensigns to be at the

head of the Pikes in an equal Line each two paces distant from the Body the Captains to be divided on each Wing advanced two paces before the Lieutenants the Commander in Chief excepted none are to be before the Ensigns and he to be two paces advanced beyond the Captains unless it be when a Regiment makes but one Battalion and the Presence of the Colonel and Lieutenant Colonel be had then the latter is to take his Post on the left hand of the former The Major who must be on Horse-back is to place himself in a direct Line before the Serjeants on the right Angle somewhat more advanced before the Line of the Captains and the Aid Major being likewise mounted in the left Angle after the same manner If the King be to be received then Pikes must be Advanced and Muskets Shouldered the same likewise to the Queen but to all others the Pikes are to Ordered If a Company of Granadiers belong to the Regiment it must be drawn up on the right of the Battalion at three deep about three paces being left between their Drums and those of the Battalion The Order and Manner of Salute As soon as it is observed the King approaches the Drums must beat a March and the Officers are to Salute in their Order as he passes by keeping the Spear of their Pikes exactly with the proper Front and not by any means turning their cross ways The Salute being made they without making a Leg or Bowing are immediately to pull off their Hats keeping them off with their bodies upright till the persons to be Saluted are passed by The manner of the Ensign's Saluting is with their Colours at one Motion bringing them near the ground directly before them raising them altogether at one Motion upon which they pull off their Hats as the former The Serjeants are to stand with their Hats off and their Halberts Ordered facing the same way with the Battalion and here it is to be noted That if the Person to be Saluted goes round the Battalion it must face as he moves without altering the Posts This must be observed upon the private review of a Battalion but if it so happen that it be to be done in the Field and the Army drawn up each Battalion must salute with Pikes and Muskets Charged The Musketiers upon the approach to be Shouldered and the Pikes Advanced when the Commander in Chief proceeds to give the Word c. Recover your Arms. Upon this bring your Pikes and Muskets directly before you the butt ends of your Pikes in the Palms of your Hands and the right Heel brought to the left Instep and when the Drum first strikes the March you must Charge with Pikes and Muskets at one Motion and keep your Arms in that posture till the person to be Saluted is passed by up which these words of Command ensue Recover your Arms. Poise your Muskets Shoulder your Muskets At which time the Pikes are to be brought to the Advance but in case of Marching the Salute is somewhat different Of Marching and the Salute c. In marching a Battalion be sure in the first place to see the Files close to the right or left in their marching Order which is so much distant as they can conveniently have the use of their Arms without incumbering each other and greater Bodies in this case require more distance than the lesser as half a Foot and more from the right hand Man and so in Order to the rest when the Pikes being Advanced and Muskets Shoulder'd The words of Command are Files close to the Right or the Left To your close Order March Then each man is to turn to the hand named and consequently closes to the distances and hand mentioned and when this is performed the next word of Command is To your Leader Hereupon the Serjeants are to see the Ranks kept at their twelve large Feet distance and being thus disposed if it march in a Body the Lieutenants must be in the Rear at the same distance they were in the Front from the Souldiers the Serjeants that were in the Rear taking care of the Flanks that they keep even and well in Order and upon the word March they are in Front and Rear to step with their left Feet forward all at a time setting them down together marching very slowly the Pikes marching equal with the Wings of Shot not in the least pressing upon each other When the Body is marched as far as is intended then the Command to them must be Halt To the Right-about The Drums beating a Retreat the Lieutenants in the same Order and Method lead them back to their Ground as was before observed and there again the word of Command is Halt viz. To the Left-about To the Right-about As you were At this word the Lieutenants must quit the Rear and come to their station in the Front whilst the Serjeants in the Flank who were removed from the Rear take their places again To March in three Divisions the Method and Order IF you are to march a Battalion in three Divisions the Captains must divide the one half at the head of the first Division of Shot and the remaining half in the Rear of the last Division And again one half of the Lieutenants in the Rear of the first Division of shot and the remainder at the heard of the last Division of shot The Colours marching at the head of the Pikes which are to be Advanced the Commandant in Chief marching two paces before the Rank of Captains at the head of the first Division of Shot the Captains and other Officers exactly keeping the distance they were at first posted at when the Battalion was drawn up The Officers that are appointed in this case to march in the Rear of the Division are as they march off to fall after them and the Serjeants that were posted in the Rear are to take care of the Pikes upon their marching As for the Drums they are equally to be divided upon the Division marching between the second and third Ranks The Granadiers marching about twenty Yards before the Battalion the Equipage of the Officers of the Front must march somewhat on the left hand between the Battalion and Granadiers The Hoitboys marching in the middle distance between the Colonel or Commander in Chief and the Granadiers In marching the Colonel and all the o Officers must march with their Pikes underhand Comported not suffering the Spear to descend too much but keep it steady from swinging c. But if they have occasion to Salute they must as they approach Shoulder all together that is every Rank of Officers as they approach carrying them level upon their Shoulders performing the Salute as if it was the Action but of one Man not must the first Rank of Captains Salute till the Colonel or Commander in Chief has performed it not standing still or medning their Pace when they Salute The Officers pulling off their Hats as has been

the word March the rest that compose the Rank must wheel to their places The manner of Wheeling backwards by Half Ranks Here you must observe there must as near as possible be an equal number of Men in every Rank the right and left-hand man of each Rank standing firm on his ground and turn only to the hand named the words of Command being viz. By half Ranks wheel to the right and left backwards March Whereupon the Battalion opens the half Ranks separating and falling back to the right and left-hand Men which leaves an intervale and forms two Ranks opposite to each other the Officers and Colours dividing in the same manner taking their Posts and Ranging before the Souldiers to make a Guard the Serjeants and Drums placing themselves equally on the right and left This being observed the manner of Reduction is by these Words of Command viz. By half Ranks to the right and left inward Form your Ranks as you were March Here the half Ranks are to wheel from the right and the left and close the interval by which means they become whole Ranks for having wheeled inward at the word March they are no more half Ranks but whole Ranks in a Marching order In case of Closings and Openings there are divers words of Command required viz. Ranks close forward to Order viz. three foot March Ranks close forward to close Order viz. a foot and half March Ranks open backward to Order viz. three foot March Ranks open backward to open Order viz. six foot March Ranks open backward to a doubling distance viz. 12 foot March In this manner of proceeding to open backward the Ranks must fall backward in Order without changing the Aspect having ever regard to their Leaders and right-hand Men. The further Words of Command are viz. Files close to the Right March Files close to the Left March Files close to the Centre March Files open to the Right March Files open to the Left March Files open from the Centre March By the Files opening to the Centre is meant their facing from the Centre and if there happen to be an odd File that remains and is properly termed the Centre File When Files are to open to the right or to the left they must keep their station without Changing in any manner till the word March be uttered whereupon they are to face to the hand named taking their distances commanded each from his Leader In all Openings as has been said the contrary Man must be observed if the Command be to open to the right the second File from the right must by short steps first take its distance suffering the Leader to pass as far as it is commanded before you move the rest of the Files in their turn and order observing to do the same as for the left-hand File it is not to move in all Openings they are to move directly forward with a slow pace Thus the young Souldier may his Duty Read But now to greater Things we must proceed The Ratling Drum and Trumpet calls us on A Souldier's Work you know is seldom done But ever Travels with the glorious Sun A further Consideration of Doublings Relating to Foot c. and their Reduction 1. RAnks to the Right double March 2. Ranks as you were March 3. Ranks to the Left March 4. Ranks as you were March In case of doubling the Ranks those that are to do so must observe their right-hand men and move as they move beginning to move with the Foot next the hand then named and so to come into Order this doubling the even Ranks must be observ●d to double into the odd when the odd Ranks are to double you must face the Body to the Rear and the like words of Command will perform it or you may further proceed viz. Odd Ranks that stood to the Right-about Double the even Ranks The Reduction of Ranks c. Those Ranks that double must face first to the contrary hand and then with the contrary foot bring themselves to the former Ground but not to move in the least till the word March be given and this is held upon all doublings of Ranks and half Ranks notwithstanding the contrary hand is to be turned to they must double on to the Ground they double to yet coming to their proper Ground they there must turn to the hand they doubled and thereby they are brought directly to their Leaders And in the like manner Files are doubled remaining much the same with the Reduction of doubled Ranks The manner of doubling Front half Files by half Files of the Rear The words of Command in this case are Half Files to the Right-hand Double your Front March Rear half Files As you were March Rear haal Files to the left hand double your Front March Rear half Files As you were March If this happen upon the March the Rear half Files must then move into the Front by a very swift motion the Front half Files at the same time continuing there each observing the right-hand Man In case of Reduction the Rear half Files must not face about but stand still till the Front half Files are passed and then fall in and follow the proper Leaders but if the occasion require the Front half Files to be doubled by the Rear the Rear half Files must march a softly pace observing their right-hand men so that all the Ranks may double at one time Observe in Reducement as it is in the doubling of single Ranks that no man must move till the word of Command March be given upon which they turn all together upon the contrary hand they doubled on and when they come up to their own Ground they must turn to the hand they doubled to Rear half Files doubled by the Front half Files Here the words of Command are viz. Front half Files to the Right-about double your Rear half Files This word of Command given the three Front Ranks or three half Files must turn to the Right-about and going on the right-hand of their Fellowers or the Rear half Files they must double into them and when they have doubled face to the Left-about to their Leader without expecting any word of Command The manner of Reduction The words of Command are Front half Files as you were March Whereupon the half Files must march slowly keeping at three foot from their right-hand Men by which means they incline to the left and are brought directly upon their former Ground and it is only doing thus and observing the contrary hand in doubling to the Left Now it remains that somewhat more particularly then has been said of the several manners of Fireings be laid down c. The manner of Fireing to the Front When the Souldiers are to Fire and keep their Ground 't is expedient that the Body be made close as well as in Rank as File as will stand conveniently with the use of Arms and hereupon Command must be given viz. Musketiers make Ready all Then they