Flank Reer Order your Pikes and put up your Swords This way of charging to the Horse I have set down as being practised somtimes amongst us in our private meetings but I conceive it to be of little use to receive a desperate charge of the Horse for by these charges the Souldiers are in so lame and weake a posture that the Horse cannot choose if they come on with a full career but beare the Pikes and Pike-men down to the ground Therefore in my opinion the best way of opposing the Horse charge is that which we learned of our ever honoured Captain Major Henry Tillier in the Military Garden which was Files closing to the midst to their closest Order insomuch that there was not above half a foot intervall of ground between File and File the Pikes Porting and after closing their Ranks forwards so close that they locked themselves one within another and then charged on Which in my judgement is so secure a way from routing that it is impossible for any Body of Horse to enter therein and farther to my best remembrance I never could meet with any Souldier that hath been abroad upon any service that ever saw any charging of the Pikes at the Foot therefore I will further proceed From Order Advance Your Pike Shoulder Your Pike Port Your Pike Comport Your Pike Cheek Your Pike Trail Your Pike Order as you were From your Order charge to the Front Right Left Reere Order as you were Advance your Pike Shoulder Your Pike Port Your Pike Comport Your Pike Cheek Your Pike Trail Your Pike Advance as you were From your Advance charge to the Front Right Left Reer Advance as you were Shoulder your Pike Port Your Pike Comport Your Pike Cheek Your Pike Trail Your Pike Shoulder as you were From the Shoulder charge to the Front Right Left Reere Shoulder as you were Port your Pikes Comport your Pikes Cheek your Pikes Trail your Pikes Comport as you were From the Comport Charge to the Front Right Left Reer Comport as you were Cheek your Pikes Trail your Pikes Cheek as you were From the Cheek charge to the Front Right Left Reer Cheek as you were Trail your Pikes from your Trail charge to the Front Right Left Reer Trail as you were Order your Pikes Lay down your Pikes Here is to be observed by this Method an endeavouring to performe all the postures of the Pike from each particular posture only shortning it by degrees leaving out what was before commanded untill we come unto the Trail Yet notwithstanding I spared not the charges but have shewn them from every posture in their due order Next followeth the postures of the Musket wherein in answerablenesse to the Pike I shall lay them down in full and afterwards contract them in a shorter way CHAP. IV. The Postures of the Musket THE Musket lying on the ground the first word of command will be as to the Pike Stand to your Arms Take up your Bandiliers Put on your Bâ—ndilieres Take up your Rest Put the string of your Rest about your left wrist Take up your Match Place your Match Take up your Musket Rest your Musket Here the Souldier may perform the Saluting Posture if he shall finde any occasion so to doe for the honouring of his friend or any Gentleman of worth Poyse your Musket Shoulder your Musket Un-shoulder your Musket and Poyse Joyne your Rest to the outside of your Musket Open your pan Cleer your pan Prime your pan Shut your pan Cast off your loose Corns Blow off your loose corns and bring about your Musket to the left side Trail your Rest Ballance your Musket in your left hand Finde out your Charge Open your Charge Charge with powder Draw forth your Scouring-stick Turn and shorten him to an Inch. Charge with Bullet Put your Scouring-stick into your Musket Ram home your Charge Withdraw your Scouring-stick Turn and shorten him to a handfull Return your Scouring-stick Bring forward your Musket and Rest Poyse your Musket recover your Rest Joyn your Rest to the outside of your Musket Draw forth your Match Blow your Cole Cock Your Match Fit Your Match Guard your Pan Blow the ashes from your Cole Open your Pan Present upon your Rest Give fire brest high Dismount your Musket joyning the Rest to the outside of your Musket Un-cock and return your Match Cleere your Pan Shut your Pan. Poyse your Musket Rest your Musket Take your Musket off the Rest and set the Butt end to the ground Lay down your Musket Lay down your Match Take your Rest into your right hand cleering the string from your left wrist Lay down your Rest Take off your Bandiliers Lay down your Bandiliers Here endeth the Postures of the Musket from the taking of them up from the ground to make ready and the proceeding in them to the laying of them down again Now if the Souldier will take his Rest into his right hand for to be a support and help to him in his march he must observe the following words of command Lay your right hand upon the Butt end of your Musket Lay your left arme over your Musket The Musket being shouldered you may proceed in these words of command to recover the Rest into the right hand Shift your match between the fingers of your right hand Take your Rest into your right hand cleering the string from your left wrist Return your match and take your Rest into your right hand 't will cause you to be in a fit capacity for to march CHAP. V. The Postures and charges of the Pike to be performed in a shorter way all things acted in order and nothing done twice THE Pike lying on the ground the first word of Command will be Stand to your Arms Handle your Arms. Raise up your Pikes to your open Order Raise up your Pikes to your Order Raise up your Pikes to your close Order From your close Order charge to the Horse Front Right Left Reer Recover your Pikes and put up your Swords Advance your Pikes Port your Pikes Charge to the Front Shoulder your Pikes Charge to the right Comport your Pikes Charge to the left Cheeke your Pikes Trail your Pikes Charge to the Reer After lay the narrow end of the Pike to the ground face about to the left to your first Front and move forward with the Butt end of your Pike on your right side in your Funerall Posture After face about to the right raise up your Pike face then again to your first Front you may lay down the Pike to the ground and march from your Arms having ended all the Postures and Charges in their due courses And here Fellow Souldier whoever thou art thou maist perceive that there are no more then eight Postures of the Pike and foure Charges that is to say to the Front Reer and both Flanks There are some would fain have another Posture added to these which they call the Lazie Posture which somtimes I have
and close your Divisions to your Leader Command Front half-files double your Reer inward intire Direction Reer half-files face about and move outward cleer of the standing part front half-files face about march down and even the Reer to your Leader Command The two outmost files upon each Flank double intire advancing the four inmost files Direction The two outmost files move forward cleer of the standing part face inward march and close your Divisions face to your Leader Command Double your files inward intire advancing every man placing himself before his Leader Direction The two inmost files stand the two outmost files move forwards and double your inmost files intire advancing placing your selves before your Leaders Command Half-files double your Front to the right they are reduced CHAP. IV. Eight severall Counter-marches with their Reducement Command FIle-leaders stand the rest pass thorough to the right and place your selves before your Leaders Command The right hand file stand the rest pass thorough to the right and place your selves on the out side of your right hand men Command File-leaders and Bringers-up stand the rest pass thorough to the right and place your selves before your Leaders and your Bringers-up Command The outmost file upon each flank stand the rest pass thorough to the right and left placing your selves before your outside men Direction Face outward and pass thorough to the right and left placing your selves before the outmost files to your Leader and close your Divisions to open order Command Bringers-up stand the rest pass thorough to the right and place your selves behinde your Bringers-up Direction The five first ranks are to face about the next rank to the Reer is first to begin the motion the rest are successively to follow until the Leaders are become the Bringers-up Command The left-hand file stand the rest pass thorough to the left and place your selves on the out-side of your left-hand men Command File-leaders and Bringers-up stand the rest pass thorough to the right and place your selves behinde your Leaders and Bringers-up Direction The first and the two next ranks from the Reer face about the two first ranks from the Front and the two last ranks from the Reer move forwards placing your selves behinde your Leaders and your Bringers-up face to your Leader and close your Divisions Command The out-most file upon each file face inward the rest pass thorough to the right and left placing your selves behind your right and left hand men CHAP. V. Ten severall Wheelings with their Reducement Command WHeel the Front half-files inward into the midst and double your Reer inward intire Direction Half-files face outward and march cleer of the standing part after face to the Reer front half-files open from the midst to open order after wheeling to the right and left inward into the Reer to your leader Command Right and left half ranks double the depth of the Battail by wheeling into the front Direction Right half ranks wheel to the left and left half ranks wheel to the right to your leader Command Wheel off the front half-files and double the Reer by division Direction Half-files face about and front half-files wheel off by division moving down even with the Reer to your Leader Command Wheel off your right half ranks and double your left flank to the right intire Direction Face outward and right half ranks wheel about to the left and move away and double the left flank to the right to your leader Command Front and Reer half-files double the depth of the Battail by wheeling into Front and Reer Direction Half-files face to the Reer and Front and Reer half-files wheel to the right and left inward face to your Leader and close your divisions Command Wheel off your left half-rankes and double your right flanke by division Direction Face outward and left half-ranks wheel off by division and move even with the right flank to your Leader Command Wheel off your Reer half-files and double the Front to the right intire Direction Half-files face about and wheel to the left untill you have ranged even with the front Command Wheel your Battail off by division from the Front Direction Right half-ranks wheel about to the right and left half-ranks wheel about to the left and move down to the Reer face to your Leader close into the midst to order Command Wheel off your left half-ranks and double your right flanke to the left intire Direction Face outward left half-rankes wheel about to the right and move forward and double the right flank to the left intire to your Leader Command Wheel off your Front half-files and double the Reer to the left intire Direction Half-files face about and front half-files wheel about to the right move down and range even with the Reer face to your Leader reduceth them CHAP. VI. Six Figures of Battail with severall firings thereunto belonging Command RAnks and files close to order they will stand us underneath is set forth from which we will draw our figures after we have fired upon this Platforme three or four times Command Double your files inward intire advancing The first firing Let the first two ranks advance forward ten paces give fire and fall in the reer of themselves after wheeling off to the right and left placing themselves before the front of Pikes the next two Rankes and so the rest successively doing the like untill they have fired once over which reduceth them The second firing Let the first Rank advance three paces give fire and fall in the Reer of themselves the rest doing the like untill all have fired once over as before The third firing Let them give fire on the ground they stand and fall off to the right and left and flank the Pikes The fourth firing Let them fire even with the front and fall in the Reer of the Pikes which being ended let the Pikes charge on Reducement Muskettiers double your front by division Command The first two Ranks stand the rest face outward and move cleer of the standing part to your Leader the two last Ranks move outward side-ways two paces The first firing Let every Division give fire on the same ground they stand and fall in the Reer of themselves The second firing Let them advance forwards untill they be cleer of the Pikes give fire and fall in the Reer of themselves after moving down into their places Command Front division advance forward three paces the two next divisions move outward one pace Pikes in each division face about and move two paces to your Leader Divisions of Muskettiers in the Reer advance forwards and range even in Front and Reer with the middle divisions of Pikes the first rank of Pikes in the Front division move three foot cleer of the standing part The first firing Let them give fire to the Front and fall in the Reer of themselves The second firing Let them give fire to Front Reer and both flanks altogether Direction Reer divisions face outward
the last rank of Pikes and Muskettiers of the Front division face to the Reer the last rank of Muskettiers move down cleer of the Reer and close inward to order then let the Pikes port and after the Muskettiers have fired charge on then retreating into their places again Command The first and the last rank of Pikes face about and move down cleer of the Reer and close ranks forwards to order outmost divisions of Muskettiers face about move down and flank your own divisions of Pikes the first division of Pikes move forward and range even abrest with your own division of Muskettiers the Front division of Muskettiers closing into the midst to order The first firing Let the Front division give fire and fall in the reer of themselves after wheeling off to the right and left move down and flank the reer division of Pikes The second firing Let the Front divisions of Muskettiers fire and fall in the reer of themselves then face about and move down upon the inside of the next division of Pikes and after face to their Leader The third firing Let the Muskettiers upon the flanks move up into the roome of the former and fire falling in the reer of themselves and after face about and move down into their places again the Muskettiers on the inside moving up into their places again The fourth firing Let the reer division face about then let them fire to Front and Reer and fall in the Reer of themselves let the Pikes charge and after ordering their armes the Reer division facing to their Leader the Muskettiers thereof may move up into their places again Command The outmost Divisions face outward and move two paces face to your Leader move up untill you range even a brest with the second Divisions next the Front Reer Division move streight forward two paces The first firing Let them all give fire and fall in the reer of themselves The second firing Let the Muskettiers advance forwards untill they be cleer of the front division and then rank outward and fire altogether after filing inward as they were move down again into their places the Pikes at the same time charging and after order their arms Command Front division advance forward three paces the outmost divisions upon the Flanks move up and range even with the Front The first firing Direction for the same let them all face to the Reer and the middle division of Muskettiers move forwards and flank the Reer Division of Pikes after let all the Muskettiers advance forwards three foot cleer of their own Divisions of Pikes and give fire falling in the Reer of themselves and after facing about move into their places again The second firing Let them fire as they stand and fall in the Reer of themselves and the Pikes in the Reer may charge on and after facing to their Leader Command The out-most Divisions face inward march three paces and the next two Divisions face outward and move two paces to your Leader Reer-Division move outward untill you stand streight with the Front-Divisions The first firing Let the Front-Division of Muskettiers give fire and fall in the Reer of themselves and after moving down in the room of them in the Reer they at the same time moving up into the front firing in like manner moving down and exchanging places with them in the Reer The second firing Let the Muskettiers upon the flanks move forward even with the front give fire and fall in the Reer of themselves and after move down into their places again and face to their Leader The third firing Let them face to front-reer and both flanks and let the Pikes port and the Muskettiers give fire The fourth firing Let them give fire on the ground they stand and fall in the Reer of the Pikes the Pikes charging whilest the Muskettiers make ready again The fift firing Let the Pikes charge at foot and the Muskettiers give fire over their heads then recovering their Arms face to their Leader Reducement Front-Divisions face about Front and Reer-Divisions march and interchange ground to your Leader The out-most Divisions face inward and close your Divisions to your Leader even your ranks and streighten your files and close to order they are reduced The Captain may now command the Muskettiers to poyse their Arms and file away to the right and left making as it were a Street or Gallery for him to troop away the Pikes and lodge his Colours CHAP. VII The second Exercise with four Files six deep THe Souldiers being the second time summoned to appear at their place of Randezvous the Serjeants having drawn forth the files may give liberty to the Leaders thereof to exercise them in their severall Postures which being ended their Captain or other Officers may command them to lead up their Files and to joyn them into a Body after which he may shew unto them their Distances and Facings with their severall kinds following the former rule and after proceed to these or the like Doublings following CHAP. VIII Eighteen severall Doublings with their reducements Command HAlf-files double your Front to the left Command Double your files to the right intire advancing Command Front half-files double your Reer to the right intire Command Left half-ranks double your right flank to the left Direction Face all to the right and left half-ranks move forward and double your right flank to the left to your Leader Command Double your ranks to the left intire Command Right half-ranks double your left flank intire advancing Command Left half-ranks double your right flank inward intire Direction Half-files of the right half-ranks face about right half-ranks move cleer of the standing part face all to the right left half-ranks move forwards into the right flank to your Leader Command The three first and the three last ranks double the six middle-most intire to the left flank Direction The three first and the three last face to the left march cleer of the standing part face inward move and close your Divisions to your Leader Command Right half-ranks double your left flank to the right Direction Face all to the left and right half-ranks move forwards and double your left flank to the right to your Leader Command Double your ranks to the right intire Command Right half-ranks double your left flank inward intire Command The three first and the three last ranks double the six middle-most ranks intire to the right flank Command Left half-ranks double your right flank intire advancing Command Front half-files double your Reer to the left intire Command Half-files double your front to the right Command Double your files to the left intire advancing every man placing himselfe before his Leader Command Front half-files double your Reer to the right following your Leaders Direction Half-files face about file-leaders turn off to the left and move down upon the right of the Reer the rest following successively to your Leader Command Files double your Depth to the left intire they
like manner this firing may be continued twice over The second firing Let them face to both the flanks and let the Divisions of Pikes in the midst open outward untill they be cleer of the standing part then Porting let the Muskettiers give fire on the same ground they stand and the Pikes after may charge on untill the Muskettiers make ready again and then retreating into their places again the Muskettiers may give fire as before is mentioned the Pikes in like manner charging on then retreating to the paces face all to their Leader Command In-most Divisions of Pikes move to the left one pace and double to the right file-wise and face to Front and Reer and march three paces Middle-file of Front and Reer-Divisions open from the midst to double distance face to your Leader The first firing Face to Front Reer then give fire fall in the Reer of themselves The second firing Let the Muskettiers move forwards and the in-most Division ran outward into Front and Reer and then give fire altogether and file as they were the Pikes may charge whilest they make ready and fall into their places again they may continue upon this firing a second time The third firing Let the Muskettiers and the two out-most men of the Pikes face to both flanks and likewise the middle-divisions of Pikes are to face to both flanks after this manner the first two of the Reer-division are to face to the right and the two last men of the Front-division are to face to the left then let the Muskettiers give fire to both flanks and the Pikes may after charge to the Front Reer and both flanks untill the Muskettiers make ready again this firing may be continued twice to your Leader Command The out-most single men of Muskettiers in the front-division face about the two out-most men of Muskettiers both of Front and Reer-divisions move forwards and close to order face to your Leader and close inward to open order The first firing Let them give fire to the front and fall in the reer of themselves then face about and move down into the reer the rest moving up successively giving fire and falling off in like manner this may be continued twice over then face them to the reer and let the Muskettiers rank to the right and left outward The second firing Let the first rank of each division give fire and fall off to the right and left in manner and forme of the former firing untill they have fired twice over then to file as they were and face to their Leader Command Front and Reer divisions of Pikes move to the right one pace the second division of Pikes move forward and double the front to the left the second division of Pikes from the reer face about move down and double the Pikes in the reer to the left to your Leader middle divisions of Muskettiers open outward to twice double distance face all to the center and march two or three paces to your Leader The first firing The three last divisions face to the reer the two outmost men both of Pikes and Muskettiers face to the flanks then let them all give fire and fall in the reer of the Pikes the Pikes may charge while the Muskettiers make ready again The second firing Let the Muskettiers move forth and give fire as at first and after fall in again The third firing Let them give fire by Extraduction and fall again in the reer of the Pikes The fourth firing Let the Pikes charge the horse and the Muskettiers give fire altogether over their heads then move forth into their first places and face to their Leader Command Front and Reer divisions of Muskettiers open outward to double distance the outmost men of Pikes close inward to open order the third rank of Pikes from the front face about the third rank of Pikes from the front and the third rank of Pikes from the reer move forwards to order face to your leader front and reer divisions stand the rest face outward and move two paces to your Leader The first firing Let the first divisions fire and fall in the reer of themselves then wheeling off to the right and left into the place of those Muskettiers in the reer they at the same time moving forward into their places and firing falling off in like manner the Muskettiers may give fire on the ground they stand falling in the reer of themselves this firing being twice performed we proceed to another The second firing Let the Front divisions of Muskettiers and those upon the flanks give fire and fall in the midst of Pikes in the mean time the last division of Pikes may open outward untill they be cleer of the standing part then let Pikes charge all whilst the Muskettiers make ready again this firing may be performed twice after which let them move forth into their places again and face to Front and Reer and give fire and fall off in the reer of themselves the Pikes may charge which being ended face them to their Leader Command The last rank of Pikes of the middle division face about middle division of Pikes move forward untill you range even a brest with the midst of the Front and reer divisions of Pikes to your leader the last man of the outmost divisions of Muskettiers face about outmost men move forward three paces and face to your Leader ranks of the Front and Reer divisions open from the midst to open order Reer divisions move forward two paces The first firing Let them fire to the Front and fall in between the Pikes this may be done twice after which face to front and reer and fire there in the same manner then let Pikes and Muskettiers inter-change ground let them give fire altogether unto Front and Reer then facing about interchange ground with the Pikes who are to charge on whilst the Muskettiers make ready again then retreating let them all face outwards and they will stand in forme like a Saw after they have moved two paces The second firing Let the Muskettiers give fire altogether to both flanks and the Pikes to charge on and after retreating they may order their arms and face all to their Leader Reducement The outmost Muskettiers upon the Flanks move to the right and left inward placing themselves in the midst of their one divisions the outmost men of Pikes to stand the rest to double ranks to the left and the first rank of Pikes to double to the right file-wise and the second rank from the reer to double to the left file-wise after let the outmost men of Pikes double their inmost files into the midst then moving forward their divisions evening their front closing files to the midst to order they are reduced And now we will lodge our Colours and repose our selves untill by the next beat of the Drum we shall be summon'd to make our appearance CHAP. XII The third Exercise with foure Files six deep BEing the third
six deep Command Files file outward intire advancing Direction The out-most file stand the rest advance forward and place your selves before the out-most files after close files into the midst to order Command Files file to the right Direction The right-hand file stand the rest face about and fall in the Reer of your right-hand file to your Leader Command File file 12 to the right Direction The first 12 stand the other move forward filing 12 to the right Command Files wheel inward into Front and Reer Direction Files open from the midst to twice double distance after face inward and wheel six to the right and six to the left untill you have made two ranks 12 a Brest face to your Leader and close ranks forwards to order Command Ranks wheel inward to both the flanks Direction Ranks open from the midst to twice double distance the first rank face about the first and the last rank wheel six to the right and six to the left inward to both the flanks face your Leader and close files to the midst to order Command Files file three to the right and left outward into Front and Reer Direction Half-files face about the three first and the three last ranks are to stand the rest are to move by threes filing to Front and Reer to the right and left outward and after face to the Front and close their ranks forwards to order Command Files file to the midst by Division Direction Half-files of the out-most files face about and the out-most files move forwards and file by Division unto the midst of files face to your Leader Command Files rank inward into the Front Direction Files open from the midst to twice double distance and move forward to the right and left inward into the Front Command Rank file six to the right and left outward Direction The out-most men are to stand the rest are to move side-ways to the right and left making six in a file and then the next out-side men in like manner are to stand the rest successively are to file as before CHAP. XIV Next followeth severall Figures of Battail with Firings upon the same for the performance whereof Command BRingers-up to double their Front to the right and left inward and ranks and files to open to open order Muskettiers to close outward to close ordâ—â— the in-most files of Pikes close outward to the same distance and they will stand in four Divisions after let the middle rank in each Division open outward to open order they will produce the first Figure The first firing Let the first rank give fire and wheel off to the right and left and place themselves in the room of them in the Reer and they at the same time moving forwards into their places and give fire as the first after wheel off into their places again The second firing Let the middle ranks advance three foot before the Front and give fire face about and move down into their places again Command The last rank in each division move to the left one pace and double to the right file-wise and then advance forward untill their first men exceed two foot the Front of each division then let the first rank open outward to open order and the last rank close inward to the same distance The first firing Let the middle file give fire to the front and fall in the reer of themselves The second firing Let the first rank give fire on the ground they stand and after fall off to the right and left into the room of them in the reer they at the same time moving forward into their ground and give fire in like manner and fall off into their places again and then the Pikes may charge on whilst the Muskettiers make ready again Command Face all about middle file move forward three foot cleer of the reer the first rank close inward to order the last rank open outward somthing more then to open order Upon this figure let the first man in each division kneel down and then to give fire altogether over one anothers head the Pikes at the same time charging brest high to the horse then face all to their first front Command The last men in the reer double to the left rank-wise files close into the midst to order Musketties double your Pikes inward intire advancing and move forward three paces Files double your depth to the right and left outward of each arms every man falling behind his Bringer-up Front half-files double your reer intire into the midst Files double to the right and left outward files file to the right intire advancing which being done wheel them to the right about into a ring in form as followeth Upon this figure let the Pikes charge round and the Muskettiers give fire altogether which being ended let the Commander goe to the place where the file-Leader stands and wheel them off again to the left untill he hath brought them into one streight file and then proceed Command Half-file double your front to the right ranks double to the right and left inward files double outward intire advancing Half-files of each armes double your ranks forwards to the left â—ront half-files double the Reer to the left files file to the left intire advancing and wheel about into a ring then face all to the center and close files of each armes to the right and left inward to close order Command Middle men in each division move backward and place yourselves two foot behind your right and left hand-men face all about to the right and close ranks inward to order Upon this figure let them fire by circumduction after this manner let the odde men of Pikes port and then the odde Muskettier where the first front was is to give fire and to move away to the left and the next odde man of Muskettiers upon the right immediately comes stooping underneath the Pikes into the first mans place firing in like manner moving away into the next odde mans place of the Muskettiers upon the left the rest doing the same untill the first Muskettier come into his place again Command Face all to the center odde men move forwards and place your selves two foot before your right and left hand-men after face all to the right about Upon this figure you may fire likewise by way of circumduction the Pikes porting all round and having performed one firing in this manner in the next place let the odde Muskettiers and Pikes move forth again and kneel down the odde Pike-men charging at foot the Muskettiers may give fire altogether then let them face to the center let the odd men move forwards and place themselves between their right and left-handmen then moving forward and close their ring let them face all about to the right Then let the Captain goe where the Leader of the file stands and wheel him about to the left the rest following untill they be all brought again into one streight
paces Reer division move up upon the left of them then let them all both in front and reer give fire on the ground they stand fall in the reer of themselves the Pikes after closing forward their divisions may charge on and after retreating into their places again the division of Muskettiers upon the left in the front in the mean space facing about and moving down into their places The fourth firing Let the Muskettiers face to front reer and both flanks the Pikes face to the outward angles of front and reer and port then let them give fire on the ground they stand and fall in the reer of themselves Pikes may charge on to the foure angles then ordering all their armes move the reer division of Muskettiers forward even with them of the wings then face all to their Lerder The first firing Let the first division fire and fall in the Reer of themselves after face about and move down into the middle rank of Muskettiers they at the same time marching up into their ground firing and falling off in like manner The second firing Let the Muskettiers upon the Wings advance forward even a brest with those in the Front and fire altogether the three Divisions falling in the Reer of themselves and after the outmost divisions facing about and moving into their places again The third firing Let the Front Division of Muskettiers face about move down and double the middlemost by division after let the Muskettiers face outward and move three paces and give fire to both the flanks falling off to the right and left the middle Divisions making good their ground and firing in like manner falling off Having fired twice over to both the flanks face them to their Leader and draw forth the outmost files of Muskettiers of the middle Division before the front of Pikes and close their files inward to order Command Reer division of Pikes face outward and move two foot cleer of the standing part To your Leader The first firing Let the first division of Muskettiers give fire and fall in the Reer of themselves and after wheel about and fall in the midst of the Reer and range even a brest between the outmost divisions of Pikes after face to their leader The second firing Let the three other divisions advance forwards altogether three foot before the Front and give fire and fall in the Reer of themselves the Pikes charging on and the Muskettiers still preserving their ground making ready again whilst the Pikes retreat into their places The third firing Let them give fire again in like manner the Pikes charging on and retreating as before then let the last divisions of Pikes move inward in a streight line with the outmost divisions of Muskettiers in the Front and they will stand as followeth The first firing Let them give fire to the Front and fall in the Reer of themselves this may be performed twice then face to Front and Reer the last rank of the middle division is to face about the first rank are to continue their aspects unto the Front The second firing Let the Pikes port to Front and Reer and the Muskettiers give fire to Front and Reer and fall in the Reer of themselves and after the Pikes may charge on and retreat again they may continue this firing twice the Pikes charging and after face to their Leader Command Reer divisions of Pikes face about and move three paces and face to their Leader Front division of Muskettiers face about and move down into the midst as before interchanging ground with the Reer division of Muskettiers the two last divisions of Pikes move outward untill they be two foot cleer of the next range of Muskettiers middle division of Muskettiers move backward even with the Reer divisions of Muskettiers to your Leader Upon this figure face the three last divisions of Pikes and Muskettiers to the right about and let them give fire to Front and Reer and fall in the Reer of themselves the Pikes may afterwards charge on to Front and Reer and retreat back again into their first places they may perform this firing twice the Pikes likewise charging up before and retreating into their places again face all to their Leader And now it will be expedient having almost tired the Muskettiers with these severall firings to end our fourth Exercise and lodge the Colours but first we will reduce them Reducement The outmost division of Muskettiers on the right move forward and fall in the Reer of them in the front Reer division of Muskettiers move forward and fall in the Reer of the left division of Muskettiers then let them move streight forwards and joyne with them in the front and close the Pikes into the midst to order and their ranks forward to order let the Pikes double the front inward intire and after files to double to the left intire advancing closing files inward to order they are reduced CHAP. XVI The fifth Exercise with four Files eight deep THe Souldiers having made timely appearance according to the Drums summoning unto such place as was appointed by their Commander and being by the Serjeants drawn forth into Files the Leaders thereof being permitted to instruct and teach their Files the Postures and handsome handling of their arms are forthwith by warning of the Drum to lead up their files being joyn'd in a body according to the discretion of the superiour Officers do their stand silently expecting what will follow The Captain or other that shall exercise them first commands the Bringers-up to double their Front to the left and after appoints one of the Serjeants to fetch the Colours to which purpose he draws off the two inmost files of Pikes and advancing their arms the Drum beating a troop they move away and bring them to the Company being led thither by the Ensigne the Serjeant falling in the Reer of the Pike and they falling into their places again they may be commanded Files to double their depth to the right every man falling behinde his Bringer-up Now the former days Exercise being chiefly spent in the Motions by severall facings they may be bespar'd in this and in lieu thereof the Leader may out of the former plain doublings collect one that may continue long in exercise before reduced and in this exercise he shall not need to trouble himself with Counter-marches or Wheelings but fall immediatly alone upon the Motions with this doubling or the like as followeth CHAP. XVII Thirty severall Doublings with their reducement Command HAlf-files doule your Front to the left Command Double your files to the right intire advancing Command Half-file double your Front to the right and left outward Direction Half-files advance your arms and move to the right and left outward and double the Front Command Double your files outward intire advancing Direction Even files from the flanks move forward and double the odd and after close files into the midst to order Command Half-files double your front
to the right intire Command Right half-ranks double the left flank to the right Direction Face to the left right half-ranks move forward and double the left flank to the right to your Leader Command Double your ranks to the right intire Command Right half-ranks double your left flank intire advancing Command Half-files double your Front to the left intire Command Left half-ranks double your right flank to the left Direction Face to the right left half ranks advance your arms and move forward to the left and double your right flank Command Double your ranks to the left intire Command Left half-ranks double your right flank intire advancing Command Half-files double your Front inward intire Direction Front half-files face outward and march cleer of the standing part to your Leader half-files move forward and double the Front inward intire Command Right half-ranks double intire the depth of the left flank Direction Left half-ranks stand right half-ranks face about and march cleer of the standing part then face to the right and move forward even with the left Flank to your Leader Command Front half-files double the Reer to the left intire Direction Front half-files face to the right march cleer of the standing part face all to the Reer Front half-files move down and double the Reer to the left Command Right half-ranks double your left Flank to the left Direction Face all to the left right half-ranks move forward and double the left flank to the left to your Leader Command Double your Ranks to the left intire into the Reer Direction Face all to the Reer and every even rank from the Reer move forth and double the odd to your Leader and close ranks forward to order Command The two out-most files upon each flank double intire advancing the four in-most files Command Front half-files double the Reer to the right intire Command Right half-ranks double your left flank inward intire Direction Half-files of the left half-ranks face about left half-ranks move cleer of the standing part face all to the left right half-ranks move forwards and double the left flank inward intire Command The four middle ranks double your Front and Reer inward intire Direction Half-files face about the two first and the two last ranks open outward untill you be cleer of the standing part then the four middle ranks move forward two to the Front and two to the Reer doubling intire to both places face to your Leader and close your Divisions Command The two out-most files upon each flank double the four middle-most files by Division Direction Half-files of the two out-most files face about out-most files move cleer of the standing part then close inward to order and face to your Leader Command The two first and the two last ranks double the four middle-most ranks inward intire Direction The four middle ranks face outward and move cleer of the standing part then face to your Leader the two first ranks face about move forward with the two last doubling the middle-most inward intire to your Leader Command The four in-most files double intire advancing the two out-most files Direction The two out-most files stand the in-most files move forward cleer of the standing part then face outward and move streight with the out-most files to your Leader and close files into the midst to order Command Front half-files double the Reer by Division Direction The four middle files double the two out-most files inward intire Direction Half-files of the two out-most files face about out-most files move forward cleer of the standing part face all to the right and left outward in-most files move forward and double the out-most inward intire to your Leader and close files into the midst to order Command Front half-files double your Reer to the left Command Files double your Depth to the right Command The two first and the two last ranks double the four middle ranks by Division Direction The two first and the two last ranks face outward and march cleer of the standing part then face inward and move forward doubling the in-most files by Division face to your Leader Command The two out-most files upon each flank double intire the Depth of the four in-most Files reduceth CHAP. XVIII Plain Firings and Figures of Battail HAving passed over these Motions of Doublings in the next place we will proceed to Firings command therefore Files to open from the midst to open order and after let the Bringers-up double the Front to the left The first firing Let the Muskettiers give fire even in the Front and fall in the Reer of themselves The second firing Let the first rank give fire and fall in between the Pikes every rank doing the same untill all have fired then let the first rank move forth by Division give fire to the Front and fall in again every rank doing the same The third firing Let them face to both flanks and give fire and fall off to the right and left and flank their Pikes to front and reer the Pikes may now port and move all forward three paces the Muskettiers may give fire again and fall in the reer of the Pikes the Pikes charging on and after retreating to their first ground may charge at foot and the Muskettiers may give fire by two ranks altogether over their heads after recovering their armes let them face to front and reer and let the Musketiers move forth cleer of the standing part then stand and give fire to front and reer and fall off to the right and left and flank the Pikes who after may charge on to front and reer then retreating face all to their Leader Command Half-files of Pikes face about Muskettiers face outward march all three paces Pikes face to the right and left Muskettiers face about to the right march all three paces then let the last rank Face about the first and the last rank double file-wise inward advancing Pikes face to the outward angles of front and reer Muskettiers face to front reer and both flanks and move all two paces to your Leader The first firing Let the first division of Muskettiers fire to the front and fall in the reer of themselves and after wheel off to the right moving down into the place of the reer division who may at the same time move forward into their ground and fire in like manner wheoling off as the former did The second firing Let the two out-most divisions move forward into the front give fire and fall in the reer of themselves and after move down into their places The third firing Face all to the reer and let the Muskettiers give fire there in the same manner as they did to the front The fourth firing Let the Muskettiers face to front reer and both flanks and the Pikes face to the outward angles of front and reer then let Muskettiers move forth three foot cleer of the Pikes and fire to front reer and both flanks and fall in the reer of themselves after facing above move into their places again The first firing Let them face as before and give fire on the same ground they stand and fall in the Reer of
themselves the Pikes may after charge on and retreat into their places again Command Muskettiers move forth and range even a brest with the Pikes into Front Reer and Midst and they will stand in a square as followeth The first firing Upon this figure as they are faced to front reer and both flanks and the Pikes to the outward angles of front and reer it will be best to fire on the ground they stand and to fall in the reer of themselves the Pikes may after charge to the four angles The second firing Let them double their ranks outward and give fire after face about move three paces into the midst of Pikes and having made ready again let them face about and move forward and fire as they did before and after dismount their Muskets taking them in both hands they may as occasion shall require make use of the Butt end thereof against the horse and the Pikes may stand upon their charge The third firing Let the Muskettiers double inward file-wise the Pikes keep their aspects to the four angles the Muskettiers as before may give fire to front reer and both flanks and fall in the reer of those Pikes next their right hand And having their aspects unto the the same angles they may fire there if they please by way of extraduction and move forth to the left into their places again then let the Pikes face to the front and Muskettiers upon the wings face about to the right and Muskettiers move forward three paces face to your leader formes the following figure The first firing Let the first division give fire together and wheel off into the reer the reer the next two divisions moving forward into their ground giving fire altogether and wheeling off to the right and left into the reer the rest stil moving forward until the reer division is likewise come up into the front and gives fire in like manner and falling off to the right into his first place again this firing may be continued twice The second firing Let them give fire altogether to the front after this manner let the middle divisions move forth to the right and left cleer of the Pikes the reer division at the same time moving forward upon the out-side of those in the front and give fire and move into their places again making ready whilst the Pikes close forward and charge on five or six paces they may retreat again into their places The third firing Let them face all to the reer and fire after this manner the first division kneel down the middle divisions move forth cleer of the Pikes the front division marching down into the reer may give fire altogether the out-most division and the front division over the heads of them in the reer and move in and back again into their places then face to their leader Command The outmost division of Muskettiers upon the left in the midst and the three last divisions of Pikes and Muskettiers face about march all three paces and stand Middle divisions face to the left and move two paces face all to your leader divisions of Pikes face inward front division of Muskettiers and the second from the reer face about and move little and close your divisions to your leader The first firing Let the first division give fire and fall in the reer of themselves then wheel down into the reer the other divisions successively moving up into the front and firing in like manner this firing may be continued twice over The second firing Let the divisions of Muskettiers double their ranks to the right and left outward and give fire in single ranks as they did before untill all have fired twice over The third firing Let them double their files to the right and left inward and the reer divisions to face about then let them give fire both to front and reer falling first in the reer of themselves after to wheel off into the midst and facing to front and reer the middle divisions may move forth into their ground firing in like manner the Pikes may after charg whilest the Muskettiers make ready again and after retreating into their places they may continue their firing as formerly the Pikes charging on as before The fourth firing Let each division of Muskettiers double ranks outward and fire to front and reer and to wheel off in one single rank to the right and left and rank again in the midst and after double inward file-wise and face to their leader Command The four last divisions face to the left the four first divisions face to the right march all untill you be cleer one of another then face to the right and move untill you be even a brest in front and reer to your leader The first firing Let the first divisions give fire and fall in the reer of themselves after wheeling off to the right and left into the reer they at the same time moving forwards into their places firing and falling off in like manner they may performe the same firing to the reer being thither faced The second firing Let the reer divisions move to the right and left outward cleer of the standing part then face to the front move up even a brest with the front divisions and let every division fire to the front and fall in the reer of themselves the Pikes may charge and after both they and the outmost divisions may move down into their places Command The in most divisions of Pikes advance forward three foot before the front the rest face inward and move two paces to your Leader Upon this figure let the first ranks of the front division fire and fall behind the front divisions of Pikes the next rank may fire and fall behind the first then let the reer division move up and give fire and fall in the reer of themselves and after wheel about to the right and left inward moving down cleer of the reer and facing again unto their Leader then they may fire a second time in the same way the front divisions moving forth and firing first and falling behind the Pikes the reer divisions comming up into their places firing and falling off again by wheeling about inward untill they be cleer three foot of the reer then facing to their leader they will stand as followeth where the Ensigne may display his colours if the Leader pleaseth to march upon it Having now spent much time in these particular firings it will be convenient to give the souldiers some respit to refresh their almost tired spirits that they may more cheerfully appear upon the next summons of the Drum and therefore we wil conclude this Exercise and prepare for the lodging of the colours Reducement Reer divisions of Pikes move streight forward untill you range even a brest with the
front divisions of Pikes Reer divisions of Muskettiers move forward and range inward even a brest with the front divisions files close into the midst to order front and reer half-files open from the midst to double distance the four in most files of front reer half-files face inward and interchange ground then let each two files of Pikes close outward to order and after to double there divisions to the right filewise and to close files to the left to order the two outmost files of Muskettiers upon the right double ranks inward and lead them away before the left half-ranks of Muskettiers the next two files doubler ranks outward and lead them away behind the reer by first facing them about Pikes face to the left and move streight before the Muskettiers and then double the reer inward intire and after files to double their depth to the right every man falling behind his Bringer-up they are reduced CHAP. XVIII The sixth Exercise with four Files eight deep THe Souldiers being met at the place appointed and their files being drawn forth according to the usuall custome the Leaders begin to shew each Souldiers how to handle and use his Arms and after leads up their files and joyns them into a Body where the Commander having sent for his Colours stands at the head of them commanding their silence and attention unto the words of Command Now having in his former Exercise spent most of the time upon plain Doublings he may in this shew unto them the great variety of Doublings by Counter-marches and although they are very difficult yet they will afford much delight and content unto the Souldiers CHAP. XIX Thirty Doublings by Counter-marches with their reducement Command BRingers-up double your Front to the left Command Double your files to the left intire advancing every man placing himselfe before his Leader Command Front half-files double your Reer to the right and left outward following your Leaders Command Double your files outward intire advancing every man placing himselfe before his Leader Command Bringers-up double your Front to the right and left inward Command Double your files inward intire advancing every man placing himselfe before his Leader Command Front half-files double your Reer to the right and left inwards following your Leaders Command Files double your Depth to the right and left outward following your Bringers-up Command Double your files to the right by Division every man placing himselfe before his Leader and his Bringer-up Direction Half-files of the even files from the right face about even files advance forward and double the odd according to command to your Leader Command The four first and the four last ranks double the eight middle-most ranks to the right and left inward following your Leaders and your Bringers-up Direction The four first and the four last ranks advance your Arms and the file-leaders and the bringers-up begin the Motion the rest are to follow after order their Arms and face to their Leader Command Double your files to the left by Division every man placing himselfe before his Leader and his Bringer-up Direction The eight middle ranks double your Front and Reer to the right and left outward following the half-file-leaders and the Bringers-up of the Front half-files Direction The four last ranks of the Front and Reer half-files face about the middle-ranks are to begin this Motion and to advance their Arms and to turn off to the right and left every rank following them untill they have doubled the Front and Reer then face all to the Front order their Arms and close their Divisions forward to open order Command Double your files inward by Division every man placing himselfe before his Leader and his Bringer-up Direction Half-files of the out-most files face about the out-most files advance your Arms and move forward placing your selves before your Leaders and your Bringers-up face to your Leader and order your Armes Command The four first and the four last ranks double the eight middle-most ranks to the right and left outward following your Leaders and your Bringers-up Direction The four first and the four last ranks advance your Arms and move away to the right and left and double the eight middle-most ranks to your Leader Command Front half-files double your Reer to the right following your Leaders Command Files double your Depth to the right every man placing himself behinde his Bringer-up Command Right half-ranks double your left flank to the right following your right-hand men Direction Face outward and right half-ranks turn off to the left and double the left-flank to the right to your Leader Command Double your ranks to the right intire every man placing himselfe on the out-side of his right-hand man Command Left half-ranks double your right flank to the left following your left-hand men Command Double your ranks to the left intire every man placing himselfe on the out-side of his left-hand man Command Double your ranks by Division every man placing himself on the out-side of his right and left-hand man Command The in-most files double the out-most files placing your selves on the out-side of your right and left-hand men Derection The in-most files advance your Arms face outward and move forward and double the out-most files placing your selves on the out-side of your right and left-hand men order your Arms and close files into the midst to open order Command Double your ranks by Division into the Reer Command The two out-most files double the four in-most by following of your out-side men Direction The in-most files face inward the rest face outward and turn off to the right and left towards the Reer and double the four in-most files to your Leader Command Double your ranks by Division into Front Reer and Midst every man placing himself on the out-side of his right and left-hand man Direction The two last ranks of the Front and Reer half-files face about even ranks from the Front Reer and Midst advance your Arms and face outward and move forth and double the Front Reer and Midst of ranks placing your selves on the out-side of your right and left-hand men face to your Leader and close ranks forward to open order Command Double your two out-most files to the right and left outward and Midst following of the in-most files Direction The two out-most files face outward the rest face inward and Front and Reer half-files distinctly turn off to the right and left and double the out-most files to the right and left outward and midst following of the in-most files to your Leader files close into the midst to order Command Double your files to the right intire advancing every man placing himselfe before his Leader Command Bringers-up double your Front to the right Command File-leaders double your Reer to the left Command Double your files to the left intire into the Reer every man placing himselfe before his Bringer-up Direction Face to the Reer and even files from the left advance your Arms and move
forward and double the odd placing your selves before your Bringers-up to your Leader Command Files double your Depth to the left following your Bringers-up Command Half-files double your Front to the right and left inward every man placing himself before his Leader they are reduced as at first CHAP. XX. Plain Firings and Figures of Batail HAving spent so much time upon these Doublings by Counter-marches in the next place I shall proceed to Firings and severall Figures of Battail where first command the half-files to double the Front to the left and then go on to your Firings The first firing Let them fire even with the Front and fall off and rank even with the half-files and fall in the Reer of themselves the Pikes may after charge on and the Muskettiers may give fire again and fall in the Reer of the Pikes The second firing Let the Pikes port and the Muskettiers give fire by extraduction The third firing Now the Muskettiers being in the reer fire them there upon the march wheel them about to the right and let them fire after this manner face about to the right and left let the last rank fire fall off and flank the first rank of Pikes and so consequently all the rest after fire them to the reer and fall off to the right and left some six paces before the front of Pikes and in the reer of themselves then face the body about and let the Pikes charge to the reer and after port the Musketteirs may give fire to the reer by way of extraduction The fourth firing Next fire to the reer by dividing the Muskettiers and bringing them even with the reer and ranking outward and falling again as they were face to your leader Command Ranks and files open to your open order Muskettiers close outward to order the outmost Files of Pikes stand the rest close outward to order front half-files open forward three paces ranks close to front and reer to order Pikes move forward two paces Pikes face outward Muskettiers face inward and move clear one of another to your leader The first firing Let them give fire to the front and fall in the reer of themselves then wheel off to the right and left into the reer they at the same time moving up into their ground give fire and falling off as before the Pikes may after charge on while the Musketties make ready The second firing Let Pikes and Musketieers rank outward and give fire and fall off in like manner as before after let them fire and fall in the reer of the first rank of Pikes of the front divisions then the Pikes may port then let the first divisions give fire and fal in behind the Pikes the reer divisions after moving up into their places may give fire and face about march down into their places then face to their Leader this firing being continued twice or oftner over you may fire them to the reer they being thither faced after the very same manner the Pikes there charging after facing all to their Leader let them double files to the right and left inward of each division Command Front divisions of Pikes face inward Front divisions of Muskettiers face outward the rest face about move all six paces to your leader Reer divisions move forward two paces The first firing Let the front divisions give fire and fall in the reer of themselves then wheel off to the right and left into the reer they at the same time moving forward into their places may give fire and fall off as before this may be twice performed The second firing Let the front divisions give fire and fall in the reer of the front divisions of Pikes the reer divisions of Muskettiers moving into their ground firing and falling behind the reer divisions of Pikes then they may move forth cleer of the Pikes and fire and fall in again they may fire after the same manner to the reer but I shall let that passe and goe on to the next Command Reer divisions of Muskettiers face outward and march three paces cleer of the reer divisions of Pikes then face to your Leader and move forward untill they range even a brest with the reer divisions of Pikes The first firing Let the first divisions of Muskettiers give fire to the front and fall in the reer of themselves after wheel off to the right and left into the room of them in the reer they at the same time moving up into their places firing and falling off in like manner this firing may be continued twice over then the Pikes may charge whilst the Muskettiers make ready again The second firing Let the reer divisions move forward even a brest then let the Muskettiers give fire altogether and fall in the reer of themselves this firing may be continued twice over and the Pikes may charge after let those divisions that moved march down again into their places Command Front division of Pikes upon the left face about and move down four paces cleer of the reer front and reer divisions of Pikes move to the left two paces to your Leader Upon the former figure fire first to the front and fall in the reer of themselves then wheel down into the place of them in the reer they at the same time moving up into their places firing and falling off in like manner This firing being twice performed let the reer divisions of Muskettiers move up even a brest with the front divisions and fire altogether and fall in the reer of themselves after let the Pikes charge on and the outmost divisions of Muskettiers face about and move down into their places Command Front division of Pikes face about and march untill they range even a brest with the front division of Muskettiers to your Leader Reer division of Pikes move forward three paces Upon this figure let each division fire as they stand and fall in the reer of themselves performing it twice over the Pikes may after charge on whilst the Muskettiers make ready again who after may give fire by two ranks together as they in each division the Pikes charging as before Command Outmost divisions of Muskettiers face about march untill you range even with the reer face inward and move untill you stand streight after the front divisions of Muskettiers to your leader middle divisions of Pikes face outward and move cleer of the standing part to your leader The first firing Let them give fire to the front by divisions relieveing each other after face them to both flanks and let them give fire upon the ground they stand and fall in the reer of themselves this firing may be continued twice and after the Pikes may charge on whilst the Muskettiers make ready again and after retreating into their places The second firing Let the middle division of Pikes in the reer face about and the middle division of Pikes face to the front and Muskettiers to face to the outward angles of front and reer and let
them give fire to the four angles and fall in the reer of themselves or fire altogether and the Pikes may after charge on to Front Reer and both flanks being all faced unto those places and retreating again to their places they may if they please fire a second time and charge on in manner as before Now if the Leader have a desire to fire to Front and Reer let him face them thither and let them fire on the ground they stand and fall in the reer of themselves the Pikes after charging on and retreating again into their places face them all to their leader and open the Front and reer divisions from the midst to sufficient distance and let the Ensigne display his colours Reducement Reer divisions of Pikes advance forward unto the left into the Front outmost divisions of Pikes face inward march and close your divisions Muskettiers in the reer move and close ranks forward to order files double your depth to the right every man falling behind his Bringer-up reduceth them Then let the Muskettiers poyse their Muskets if they be neere the place of lodging the colours and to move unto that place making a guard their Muskets being rested after which the colours being furled up and the Pikes advanced the Leader being on the right hand and the Lievetenant on the left and the Ensigne in the midst the Serjeants following them and in the Reer of them the Drums beating a troop let them march away and lodge the colours the Muskettiers giving of a volley they may all betake themselves unto their severall habitations until they shal be summon'd again by beat of the Drum unto their place of randezvous CHAP. XXI The seventh Exercise consisting of sixty four men eight Files eight deep THe Souldiers appearing unto the place of Exercise according unto the appointment of their Leader or accustomed thereunto by beat of the Drum are drawn forth into severall Files as is the usuall custome And the Souldiers being instructed of the use and handling of their Arms by the Serjeants Corporals or Leaders of the Files spending such time therein as shall be convenient untill the fetching of the Colours to which purpose they draw up their Files and joyn into a Body doubling the Front to the left by the half-files and send for the Colours Which being brought unto the head of the Company and the Souldiers returned unto their severall places and that the Body is closed in rank and file to close order then silence and the well minding of their Directions and their obedience is required of them being three main properties belonging unto every Souldier Now for more variety sake in matter of Motions the Leader may spend his chiefest time in Doublings by Wheelings giving upon all occasions the Souldiers their due distance unto every word of Command and instructing them with their severall reasons and uses and so proceed to this that follows CHAP. XXII Two and twenty severall Doublings by Wheelings with their reducement Command WHeel off your Reer half-files and double your Front by Division Direction Half-files face to the Reer and wheel about to the right and left untill you come up even with the Front Command Right and left half-ranks double the Depth of the Battail by wheeling into the Front Direction Right half-ranks wheel to the left left half-ranks wheel to the right to your Leader Command Wheel off your Front half-files and double the Reer by Division Direction Half-files face to the Reer and Front half-files wheel about to the right and left and move down even with the Reer to your Leader Command Wheel off your right half-ranks and double the left flank to the right intire Direction Face outward and right half-ranks wheele about to the left and double the left flank to the right intire to your Leader Command Wheel off your right half-ranks and double your left flank by Division Direction Face outward and right half-ranks wheel about to the right and left and double the left-flank by Division to your Leader Command Front and Reer half-files double the Length of your Battail by wheeling into the left-flank Direction Face to the left and Front half-files that were wheel to the left Reer half-files wheel to the right to your Leader Command Wheel off your left half-ranks and double your right flank by Division Command Front and Reer half-files double the Length of the Battail by wheeling into the right-flank Command Wheel your left-half-ranks inward into the midst and double the right flank inward intire Direction Front and Reer half-files open from the midst to more then double distance after face outward and left half-ranks wheel inward into the midst and move forward and double the right-flank inward intire to your Leader Command Wheel off your Front half-files and double the Reer to the right intire Direction Half-files face to the Reer and Front half-files wheel about to the left and move down upon the right into the Reer and face to your Leader Command Wheel your right half-ranks inward into the midst and double your left flank inward intire Command Wheel off the Front half-files and double the Reer to the left intire Command Wheel your Reer-half-files inward into the midst and double your Front inward intire Direction Right and left half-ranks open from the midst to more then double distance and half-files face about and wheel inward into the midst and move forward and double your Front inward intire Command Right and left half-ranks double the Depth of your Battail by wheeling into the Reer Direction Face to the Reer and right half-ranks wheel to the left and left half-ranks wheel to the right untill you meet to your Leader Command Wheel your Front half-files inward into the midst and double the Reer inward intire Command Wheel off your left half-ranks and double your right flank to the right intire Face outward Command Wheel off your Reer half-files and double the Front to the left intire Half-files face about Command Wheel off your left half-ranks and double your right flank to the left intire Command Wheel off your Reer half-files and double your Front to the right intire Half-files face about Command Wheel off your right half-ranks and double your left flank to the left intire Face outward Command Wheel off your left half-ranks and double intire the Depth of the right flank Direction Left half-ranks face to the left and wheel about to the left untill you come down in the Reer of the right flank to your Leader Command Wheel off your Reer half-files and double the Length of your Front to the right Direction Half-files face about and wheel round to the left and move forward and double the Length of the Front to the right they are reduced CHAP. XXIII Severall Firings and Figures of Battail with sixty four men HAving passed over these severall Wheelings by way of Doublings it will be sufficient time to proceed unto Firings wherefore first command them to open their
Files from the midst to open order and the Bringers-up thereof to double the Front to the right and left inward The first firing Let them fire to the Front by ranks ranking outward and after to rank as they were The second firing Let them give fire to the front by ranks ranking inward and ranking again as they were and closing again to the Body of Pikes The third firing Let the half-files face about and let them give fire to Front and Reer by ranks ranking outward and ranking in again as they were The fourth firing Let them advance forwards by two Ranks some ten paces before the Front and Reer and give fire and fall in the Reer of themselves then face about and fall before the Front and Reer of Pikes and then fire again falling off to the right and left and flank the Pikes then the Pikes may charge on and the Muskettiers may fall in the Reer of the Pikes and then Pikes may charge at Foot and the Muskettiers may give fire altogether over their heads The fift firing Let the Pikes port and the Muskettiers move forth to the right and left and fire by extraduction then the Pikes may charge again and the Muskettiers may move forth as before and the first Rank of each Division may give fire even with the Front and Reer and stand the rest may after move forth cleer of them and give fire falling behind their own Divisions of Muskettiers then face all to their Leader and close their Divisions forward to order and then proceed to Figures of Battail Command Half-files face about Muskettiers move forward untill you be cleer of the Pikes the two in-most files of Muskettiers stand the two out-most files of Muskettiers move forwards untill you be cleer of the in-most files the two out-most files of Pikes face outward and move three foot cleer of the out-most Divisions of Muskettiers and after to face to Front and Reer and to move forward untill they range even with the Reer-divisions of Muskettiers then let them face all to the front and stand streight in their Divsions both rank-wise file-wise and they will stand as in the next Figure when they have closed Upon this figure let the first divisions of Muskettiers give fire and fall in the reer of themselves after wheel off to the right and left into the room of them in the reer they at the same time moving up into their places firing and falling off in like manner Then let the inmost divisions give fire in like manner as the former did and wheel off to the right and left and be relieved by their owne reer divisions of Muskettiers then let the Pikes charge on and after recreating back again into their places Command The two middle ranks of Pikes face outward and move cleer of the standing part then let the first rank of Pikes face about and the first and last rank of Pikes to move forward to order face all to your Leader The first firing Let the front divisions fire and fall in the Reer of themselves then wheel off to the right and left into the room of them in the neer they at the same time moving forward into their places firing and falling off in like manner Next let the inmost divisions of Muskettiers doe the same who may be relieved by the inmost divisions of Muskettiers in the reer The second firing Let them all face to the reer and give fire as they did to the front The third firing Let them face to front and reer and give fire and fall in the reer of themselves first after falling off and inter-changing divisions relieving each other then let the Pikes charge on to front and reer and after retreating back into their places Command The inmost divisions of Muskettiers to move forward untill they be two foot cleer of the standing part then let them face all inward and move untill the utmost divisions of Muskettiers range even a brest with the middle divisions of Pikes to your Leader Upon the former figure fire them to both flanks where first face them outward let the first division give fire and fall in the reer of themselves and after wheel off to the right and left into the places of the Reer divisions and they move up at the same instant of time into their rooms giving fire and falling in the reer of themselves afterward into their places Next let them fire and fall in the reer of themselves and after move inward and fall in the reer of the next division of Pikes and then the first division of Muskettiers move forth and give fire in the ground they formerly stood on and fall in the reer of themselves and stand and the next division of Muskettiers is likewise to move forth where formerly they stood and to fire and fall in the reer of themselves the Pikes may after charge on and after retreat back again into their places and face to their Leader Command Reer divisions of Muskettiers move to the left two paces and double to the right file-wise the two middle divisions of Pikes face outward and move two paces to your leader reer divisions of Muskettiers move forward untill the first divisions of Muskettiers be placed three foot before the midst of the middle divisions of Pikes and the second division be three foot behind the same standing streight with the front divisions of Muskettiers in the midst Upon this figure they being faced to front and reer both Pikes and Muskettiers let the first divisions give fire and fall in the reer of themselves and stand let the rest move forward untill they be cleer of the front divisions of Muskettiers and fire and fall in the reer of themselves and after face about and move down into their places again then let the Pikes open a little outward and charge all to front and reer and when they shall retreat back again into their places the Muskettiers may fire again as they did before and continue it as long as they please Or they may fire upon this figure either to front or reer according to discretion as long as they please Now in respect much time hath beene spent in the motions by wheelings in plain firings and figures of battail we will draw forth one figure more from the former that the colours may be displayed and that we may conclude our seventh Exercise to refresh the souldiers for a space untill they shall again have warning from their Commander for another appearance Command The last division of Muskettiers in the midst to face about middle divisions of Muskettiers advance forward untill you be three foot cleer of the front and reer to your leader each division of Pikes face outward and move to convenient distance for the colours to display to your leader Reducement Front and Reer division of Muskettiers face about front division move down and double the reer division to the left rank-wise to your leader the two first divisions of
Muskettiers in the front face about then let them and the two last divisions of Muskettiers in the reer move forward untill they be even with the next divisions of Muskettiers to your leader The two middle divisions of Pikes close into the midst to order and to open their ranks from the midst to somthing more then open order the two outmost divisions of Pikes face inward and move forward into the midst of the two middle ranks in the body to your leader Front divisions of Pikes face about and front and reer divisions to move forward and to close their divisions to your leader Files close to the right and left inward to order Muskettiers in the front and reer double your Pikes by division Files double your depth to the right and left outward every man falling behind his bringer-up they will be reduced as at first Now the Serjeants may draw off the Muskettiers filing them to the right and left outward thereby making a guard for there Captain and other Officers to march through trooping away and lodging the colours which done one of the Serjeants command the Muskettiers to face about to the right and to present all and no man to give fire untill they heare the beat of the Drum no man pulling his tricker but once which will be a means that they all fire handsomly together which being ended every man may depart home untill he shall be called forth again CHAP. XXIV The eighth Exercise consisting of sixty four men eight Files eight deep THe Souldiers being again brought into the Field or place of Exercise the Serjeants according to their wonted manner drawing forth the Files bids each File-leader to take his File into some convenient place a part to exercise them in their severall Postures and Charges and after what manner they may fire whether it be to Front Reer or both Flanks Which being performed they are called up to joyn into a Bâ—dy and commanded to close their Ranks and Files to their distance of order and the Front doubled to the right and left inward by the half-files distance before hand being prepared for their moving up The Leader appoints one of the Serjeants to fetch the Colours which being brought up to the head of the Company the Leader for variety sake may spend the chiefest of his time in Firings as followeth The first firing Let the Muskettiers move forward untill their Bringers-up range even with the Front of Pikes after let the two out-most Files of Muskettiers move forward untill their Bringers-up range even a Brest with the Front of the two in-most Files Let the Front or fore-most Divisions of Muskettiers give fire and fall in the Reer of themselves then let them face about and move down into their place where they were last then let the two in-most Files of Muskettiers of each Division advance forwards untill their Bringers-up range even with the Front of the two out-most Files and then let them give fire and fall in the Reer of themselves and after face about and march down into their places again where they were last drawn off The second firing Let them give fire on the ground they stand in each Division falling off to the right and left in the Reer of themselves The third firing Let the first rank in each Division fire as they stand and after move inward in a streight line before the Front of Pikes which gives way for the next rank to fire in each Division after to move inward into the Reer of the first Rank so consequently all the rest to fire in like manner untill they have all fired and stand streight before the Pikes The fourth firing Let their ranks rank outward into the Front and then give fire all intire in one rank and ranking again as they were The fifth firing Let the half-files of Muskettiers double the Front by Divsion and give fire by two ranks together and after to move back again into their places The sixth firing Let the two first ranks kneel down the other two stand upright and give fire four ranks together The seventh firing Let the half-files or Pikes to face about and move three paces to your leader and then Files to double their Depth to the right and left outward of each Arms then let them give fire eight ranks together after this manner two kneel down two kneeling two stand upright and the two last to be drawn off to the right and left and so to fire altogether which being ended command the Pikes by their Files to rank outward into the Front and then open outward to the right and left and charge on in the Front and File again as they were The eighth firing Let the Pikes open their Files from the midst to double distance then command the Muskettiers to face about and move down into the midst of the Pikes then let the half-files face abour and let the Muskettiers be at open order in their Files and the Pikes at order and then let them give fire first to Front and Reer by intraduction after this manner let the first rank in Front and Reer present and give fire on the ground they stand and presently make ready again the next ranks may move forward and place themselves three foot before them and fire in like manner and after stand the other ranks still moving forward into the next rank untill the first have fired and then immediately to clap before them and fire in like manner untill all have fired twice over The ninth firing Let them close their Files into the midst to order and fire on the same ground they stand and fall in the Reer of themselves The tenth firing Let them fire and fall off to the right and left into the midst of Pikes again then let the Pikes charge on to Front and Reer and when they are cleer of the Muskettiers let them close to the right and left inward to order The eleventh firing Let the Pikes port and let the Muskettiers be drawn forth one whole rank to the right and another to the left both to Front and Reer give fire and fall into their places again then let the other four be drawn forth in like manner and fire and fall into their places again the Pikes if occasion shall require may again charge on The twelfth firing Let the Muskettiers range to the right and left outward and fire even a Brest with the Reer of each Division and move in again into their places The thirteenth firing Let the Muskettiers rank outward and move even a Brest with the Front and Reer and there present and give fire and whilest the Pikes are charging on they may rank again as they were and fall in the Reer of the Pikes and make ready again The fourteenth firing The Pikes being retreated into their first ground you may open them to the right and left and then the Muskettiers may move forward and fire two ranks kneeling down the other two
into the midst to order before the front of Pikes the reer division of Muskettiers may move forward unto the front of the first division of Pikes and there rank outward and give fire altogether and file again as they were and after face about and move down again into their places the two out-most divisions of Muskettiers may next move forward some six paces there stand and rank inward and fire face about and file again as they were and move forward to the front of their owne divisions of Pikes and face to their leader The second firing Let the front division of Muskettiers fire fall off to the right and left flank their Pikes and at the same time let the reer division of Muskettiers move forward as they did before and fire even a brest with the first division of Pikes and fall in the reer of themselves then face about and move down into their places and face to their leader then let the two outmost divisions upon the flanks give fire on the ground they stand and fall off to the right and left and flank the Pikes They may fire to the reer in the same manner being thither faced The third firing Let them face to front reer and both flanks and fire the first rank of each division and fall off to the right and left in the reer of the Pikes and the last rank at the same time move forth and give fire and fall into their places again but before they thus fire the front and reer divisions are to be wheeled to the left then let them fire by * Move forth those Muskettiers into their former places before they fire by Extraduction extraduction and the Pikes may after charg on and then retreat back again into their places Command Each division as they are faced to move forward three paces half-files of each division open to the right and left untill they be cleer of the standing part they will stand as followeth Upon the former figure being faced to front reer and both flanks fire them according unto all those places the formost divisions fire first and let them wheele off to the right and left and fall in the roomor place of them in the next divisions firing twice in this kinde Then let the formost divisions fire and fall in the Reer of the Pikes then let the Pikes port and the Muskettiers in each division may move forth again and give fire by Extraduction then let the Pikes charge on and after charge at foot and let the Muskettiers give fire over their heads which being ended let the formost rank of Muskettiers in Front reer and flanks move forward and interchange ground with the Pikes and face all to the front and after the third divisions from the front and the third divisions from the reer face inward and move three paces then face to their leader and close files outward and ranks forward to order in each division and stand streight and even in their divisions both rank-wise and file-wise and then proceed to the next figure Command The out-most divisions upon the flanks face about and move down two paces to your leader halfe files of the two out-most divisions double to the right and left inward rank-wise and after move that part that doubled two paces to the right and left inward face all to your leader Upon this figure let the first and the last rank of Muskettiers double to the right and left inward file-wise then let the first division give fire to the front and fall in the reer of themselves then wheel off to the right about down into the reer and let every division that are in the midst move up successively into the front untill all have fired and fallen off in like manner as the first and every division be come again into his place and the front and reer divisions have doubled ranks to the right and left outward Then command the first and the last rank of Muskettiers from the front and reer to double to the right and left outward file-wise and let them give fire and fall in the reer of themselves and after fall off into the reer in like manner and form of the firing of the former divisions either of these firings may be continued twice over after command the first division of Muskettiers from front and reer to double to the right and left inward rank-wise and then proceed Command The third division from the front and the third division from the reer to face outward and to move three paces untill they stand streight in front and reer between the middle divisions and after face to their leader Then let the front divisions face about and front and reer divisions move forward untill they range even a brest with the second divisions that stands before them and then face to their leader it occasioneth the next figure Upon this figure you may fire them to front reer and both flanks therefore face the two outmost crosses to the flanks which containes on each side four divisions of Pikes and Muskettiers and let the rest face to front and reer and let all the Muskettiers in the reer of each division of Pikes move forth to the angles of the Pikes give fire and fall back again into their places and whilst the Pikes are charging on the Muskettiers may make ready again and fire in like manner as before and â—all back again into their places the Pikes charging on to front reer and both flanks as before retreating again into their places Then face them all to the front and let the second division from the reer face about and then the second division from the front and the second division from the reer move forward untill they be three foot cleer of the front and reer then face them to their Leader and they will stand in a convenient figure for marching wherein the Colours may display so long as a Commander shall think fit Reducement The two middle divisions face to the right and left outward and march cleer of the standing part to your Leader then let them double to the right and left outward file-wise After let them face to front reer and both flanks and close their files into the midst to order and ranks forward to order Then command front and reer divisions that formerly wheeled to the left to wheel back again to the right then face all to the front and let the front division face to the right and move three paces and then face to their Leader then let the reer division move up upon the left of them in the front and let the Pikes in each division double their depth to the right and left outward and let them close files into the midst to order and ranks forward to order and to move up even with the front they standing in their distance of order both in rank and file let the half-files double their front inward intire and after files to
fire altogether and after fall behind each rank of Pikes then let the Pikes charge at foot and let the Muskettiers give fire over their heads After let the Pikes port and let the Muskettiers come forth again and give fire by extraduction and after command the ranks to face to the right and left inward and to close their divisions then let the Muskettiers move forth again into their first places and flank their Pikes And having passed over some half a dozen firings after this manner then command half-files to double their depth to the right intire and proceed to figures of battail and firings which comes in the next place to view for a leader to spend his time further in the exercising of his souldiers therein Command Half-files face to the Reer and march six paces to your Leader half-files of Muskettiers of each division face to the Reer Muskettiers march all untill you be cleer of the Pikes to your Leader The two middle-most ranks of Pikes of each division face outward move cleer of the Muskettiers to your Leader the first and third rank of Pikes in the body face to the Reer and close ranks into the midst to order the following Figure will appear The first firing Let the front divisions give fire and fall in the reer of themselves the rest of the divisions moving up into their ground and fire wheeling off to the right and left having all fired over once they wil be reduced The second firing Let the four inmost divisions of Muskettiers face outward and move cleer of the Pikes then face to their Leader then let the eight last divisions of Pikes and Muskettiers face to the Reer then let them fire to front and reer falling in the reer of themselves their being intervalls for the Pikes to move forward upon their charge and being retreated back into their places will produce the following figure After the figure is reduced unto his first aspect command the Muskettiers or divisions upon the wings to face to the right and left inward and to march untill they stand as in the first figure then face to their leader and commadd the eight first divisions of Pikes and Muskettiers to face outward marching untill you perceive an intervall for the eight reer divisions to move up and make an even range with the front divisions which being done they will appear as followeth Upon this figure let the front divisions of Muskettiers give fire and fall in the reer of themselves then wheel off to the right into the room of them in the reer they at the same time firing and wheeling off into their places again Then let the Commander face them all to the right and they will stand in four crosses with Muskettiers on the wings file-wise upon which facing they may march the Officers being placed according unto discretion and after they have marched let them face again to their first front Command Front divisions of Muskettiers face to the right and move two paces to your leader Reer divisions of Muskettiers move up and double the front divisions to the left rank-wise which produceth the next figure Upon the former figure let all the Muskettiers give fire together and fall off to the right and left in the reer of themselves the Pikes after charging through the intervalls and after retreating again Then command Muskettiers that doubled to face about and to move down into the reer untill they be cleer of the Pikes and stand then let the Muskettiers both in front and reer face to the left and march untill they stand streight in their divisions then face to their leader and they will stand as in the former figure then proceed Command The four inmost divisions both of Pikes and Muskettiers on the left face to the reer inmost divisions both of Pikes and Muskettiers both upon the right and left march cleer of the standing part then let them face to the left and move three paces to your leader The four outmost divisions both of Pikes and Muskettiers upon the right wheel to the right the four outmost divisions upon the left both of Pikes and Muskettiers wheel to the left which will set forth the next figure The first firing Let them face to front reer and both flanks and give fire and fall in the reer of themselves after wheeling off to the right your divisions on the outside of the Pikes into the place of the reer divisions which are to advance forward into the front performing the like as the other front divisions The second firing Let the front divisions of Muskettiers move to the right two paces after command divisions of Muskettiers to double to the left rank-wise and let them give fire in front reer and both flanks altogether the Pikes may after charge to all these places whilst the Muskettiers make ready again and retreat again into their places The third firing Let them give fire again and fall in the reer of themselves which being ended you may proceed to another figure Command The left division of Muskettiers wheel off to the left and place your selves in the left intervall between the Pikes which occasioneth the next figure Upon this Figure let the Muskettiers give fire in the front reer and flanks and angles falling in the reer of themselves and the Pikes may after charge on Many other firings might be performed upon this figure but I shall not be tedious to relate any more but leave them to the discretion of every leaders genious and shall now shew the way to reduce them Reducement Divisions of Muskettiers upon the Angles face to the center and move three paces after wheel the divisions a little to the right untill they be brought in the reer of their own divisions of Muskettiers which being done command the four divisions of Pikes and Muskettiers on the right to wheel to the left and the four divisions of Pikes and Muskettiers upon the left to wheel to the right After command the four divisions of Pikes and Muskettiers upon the left to face to the left and march to such a convenient distance as that the four last divisions both Pikes Muskettiers may move up on the left to range even with the Front they on the flanks moving up also untill they stand all even a brest After command the inmost eight divisions to face to the reer and let them all move untill they be cleer one of another then face to their leader and let the eight front divisions to face inward and to move untill they stand streight with the reer divisions After let the Pikes in the body in each division open their ranks to front and reer to their open order And then command division of â—ikes upon the flanks to face to the right and left inward and march in and strengthen the body of Pikes which being done let the front divisions of Muskettiers face to the reer commanding them all to close their ranks forward to order and face to
their leader they are reduced Which being performed the leader may lodge his colours having finished his ninth Exercise CHAP. XXXI The tenth Exercise consisting of 24 Files being six deep according to the first drawing up of a private Company THere being a greater number appearing upon this days Exercise then in the former it concerns a Leader more especially to give speciall charge to the inferiour officers to be carefull in the drawing forth the files that they make no man a file-leader bringer-up half-file-leader or bringer-up of the front half-files but such able souldier as may be deserving of the same whose diligence and care upon all motions is principally required being as it were the hinges of the Leaders severall words of command Wherefore supposing them to be drawnup in battalia and the colours being brought to the head of the Company the four Serjeants ready at hand attending their Captains commands and the body being closed in ranks and files to their distance of order and silence craved at the Company he that shall exercise them may begin after distances and facings shewen with this or the like doubling following CHAP. XXXII Eight entire severall Doublings with their Reducement Command FRont half-files double your reer inward intire Command The twelve inmost files double intire the depth of the six out-most files In-most files face about Command Half-files double your front to the right Command Double your files to the right intire advancing Command Half-files double your front inward intire Command The six outmost files upon each flank double intire advancing the twelve middle files Command Half-files double your front to the right intire Command Right half-ranks double your left flank intire advancing which being performed they are reduced CHAP. XXXIII Eight severall Counter-marches with their Reducement Command FIle-leaders stand the rest passe thorough to the right and place your selves before your leaders Command The right hand file stand the rest passe thorough to the right and place your selves on the out-side of your right hand men Command Counter-march your front and reer into the midst of ranks Direction Half-files face about and turn off to the left front half-files turn off to the right to your leader Command Counter-march your flanks into the midst of files face outward Command Files to the right hand counter-march maintayning ground Command Ranks to the left hand counter-march losing ground Command Counter-march your front and reer half-files from the midst of ranks maintaining ground Direction Front half-files face about and turn off to the left the rest turn off to the right every man moving up into his leaders ground to your leader Command Counter-march your right and left half-ranks from the midst of files losing ground Direction Face inward and turn off every rank on the ground they stand face to your leader and close files into the midst to open order they are reduced CHAP. XXXIV Eight entire Doublings by Wheelings with their Reducement Command WHeel off your reer half-files and double your front to the right intire Half-files face about Command Wheel off your left half-ranks and double your right flank intire to the left Face outward Command Wheel off your reer half-files and double your front to the left intire Half-files face about Command Wheel off your right half-ranks and double your left flank to the left intire Face outward Command Wheel off your front half-files and double the reer to the right intire Half-files face about Command Wheel off your right half-ranks and double the left flank to the right intire Face outward Command Wheel off your front half-files and double the reer to the left intire Half-files face about Command Wheeel off your left half-ranks and double your right flank to the right intire Face outward CHAP. XXXV Plain Firings and Figures of Battail The first firing LEt the two outmost files of Muskettiers upon each flank advance ten paces before the front give fire and fall in the reer of themselves after face about and move down into their places again then face to their leader Then let the next two files upon each flank move away in like manner and fire as the former did and move down into their places again After let the other remaining files be led forth by the other two Serjeants and give fire as before and fall back again into their places The second firing Let two Serjeants draw four files upon each flank and move them away 10 or 20 paces before the front and give fire and fall in the reer of themselves and after face about move down into their places And whilest they are moving down let the other two Serjeants draw forth the remayning four files upon each flank and fire as the former did and after return again into their places The third firing Let all the Muskettiers move forth cleer of the Pikes and let them open from the midst untill they stand in four divisions leaving sufficient intervalls for their wheeling into the reer of themselves first let them fire in each division falling in the reer of themselves untill they have all fired over two or three times after this kind The fourth firing Let them close their files before the front of â—ikes into the midst to order then let the two first ranks kneel down the next two stoop and the last two stand upright and give fire six ranks altogether then let the left half-ranks of Muskettiers be wheeled about to the left into the reer of the Pikes and the right half-ranks move to the left untill they stand streight before the front of Pikes The fifth firing Let the half-files face about and let them give fire to front and reer after this manner by two ranks drawn off ten paces before the front and reer and fall off to the right and left into the reer of themselves then facing about let them open outward and give way for the next two ranâ—s to come forward into their places who are to fire and fall off as the former did the other two ranks doing the same this firing may be continued as long as the Leader pleaseth The sixt firing Let them give fre on the ground they stand and fall off to the right and left into the reer of themselves The seventh firing Let them rank outward into front and reer and give fire altogether and rank again as they were The eight firing Let them give fire on the ground they stand and flank the Pikes those in the front flanking the Pikes on the right they in the reer flanking them on the left after let the Pikes charge on and being retreated into their places let them face all to their leader and in the next place proceed to figures of battâ—â—â— Command Files open outward to open order ranks open backward to your open order then let every four files close outward to order and ranks close to front and reer to order they will stand in twelve divisions as followeth Command The two inmost
divisions of Muskettiers in the reer face about inmost divisions of Muskettiers in front and reer move forward cleer of the standing part and stand Pikes face outward Muskettiers upon the flanks face inward the rest face about to the right move all two paces to your Leader The first firing Let the front divisions of Muskettiers give fire and fall in the reer of themselves then wheel off to the right and left into the room of them in the reer they at the same time moving up into their ground firing and falling off in like manner as before Then let the front divisions upon the flanks fire and fall in the reer of themselves and after wheel off to the right and left into the ground of those divisions that stand in the reer of them they at the same time relieving them firing and falling off as before then let the Pikes charge on and after retreat back again into their places The second firing Let them face to front reer and let the first divisions give fire and fall in the reer of themselves then wheeling off to the right and left and interchange ground with the next divisions who are at the same instant of time to move up into their places and to give fire in like manner and to fall off and return where they were before then let the Pikes charge on to front and reer and after retreat into their places and face all to their leader Command The four last divisions next to the reer both of Pikes and Muskettiers face about move down and range even a brest with the reer reer divisions of Muskettiers that are faced to the front move forward and place your selves three foot short of the next divisions that stands before you to your leader Upon this figure let the front divisions give fire and fall in the reer of themselves then wheel off to the right and left and range even a brest with the next divisions yet keeping themselves distinctly from the other divisions Then let those divisions of Muskettiers that stood in the reer of them move forward into their ground and give fire and fall in the reer of themselves after face about and move down again into their first places then let those that first fired move up again into their ground and let the outmost divisions begin to fire after this manner let the first divisions fire and fall in the reer of themselves and after fall off to the right and left and place themselves in the room of the reer divisions who are likewise to move up into their ground and thereto fire and fall off as before the Pikes may after charge on and retreat back again into their places The same firings may be performed to the reer they being thither faced but to let that passe we will fall upon the next figure wherefore Command Divisions of Pikes move forward untill your reer divisions range even a brest with the outmost divisions of Muskettiers reer divisions of Muskettiers face inward and move streight in the reer of the reer divisions of Pikes to your leader The first firing Let the two last divisions of Muskettiers face about and the other divisions of Muskettiers to face to the right and left outward and let them give fire on the ground they stand and fall in the reer of themselves the Pikes may charge on whilst the Muskettiers make ready again The second firing Let them face all to the reer and let the reer divisions move forth to the right and left outward and give fire altogether and fall in the reer of themselves The third firing Let the four first divisions of Muskettiers the two first divisions of Pikes face to the front and let them give fire to front and reer and fall in the reer of themselves then face all to the front and proceed farther Command The front and reer divisions to move outward two paces reer division of Pikes upon the left face about reer divisions of Pikes move three foot before the front reer to your leader divisions that moved outward close inward to your first ground and they will stand as followeth The first firing Let the first divisions of Muskettiers give fire to the front and fall in the reer of themselves then face outward and march cleer of the standing part then face to their Leader then let every division of Muskettiers come successively into that ground fire and fall in the reer of themselves then face about and move down into their places then let the Front divisions of Piâ—es charge on and after retreat back into their places The second firing Let them face all to the Reer and let every division give fire on the ground they stand and fall in the Reer of themselves The third firing Let half the Muskettiers and three divisions of Pikes face about to the right and give fire to Front and Reer on the ground they stand and fall in the Reer of themselves then let the Pikes charge on and after retreat back into their places face all to their Leader Command The out-most Divisions of Muskettiers face outward and move two paces to your Leader the other divisions both Pikes and Muskettiers open your files outward to open order the five first Divisions face about the five first and the five last Divisions move streight forward and interchange ground and after face to their Leader and close files inward again to order then lead up the two out-most Divisions of Muskettiers to stand even a brest against the middle Divisions of Pikes face all to your Leader then move the two out-most Divisions to the right and left inward to stand streight in the middle of the Front and Reer Divisions of Muskettiers Upon this Figure severall firings might be performed to the Front Reer both Flanks and four Angles all at one and the same time but being so easie to the view I shall leave them unto the discretion of those which shall be pleased to make use of them and in the next place endevour to reduce them Reducement Middle divisions of Muskettiers upon the flanks face out-ward and move cleer of the standing part to your Leader the five first Divisions face about the five first and the five last Divisions open files outward to open order and move forward and interchange ground and close files inward again to order out-most divisions face about and move down again into your first places face all to your Leader Here the Captain if he please may command the Ensigne to display his Colours which being ended he may proceed commanding Reer divisions of Pikes to move forward and to place themselves in the Reer of the out-most division of Pikes upon the left in the Front then let the Front division of Pikes move down and place themselves in the Reer of the second division of Pikes upon the right then close Pikes into the midst to order In-most divisions of Muskettiers move forward to order and march
up even with the Front Reer divisions of Muskettiers face outward and move untill they stand streight with the out-most divisions of Muskettiers then face to their Leader and close ranks forward to order and march up and make an even Front and close files into the midst to order they are reduced CHAP. XXXVI The eleventh Exercise with 24 Files six deep THe Souldiers being met unto the place appointed and the Officers being vigilant and carefull in their severall places in drawing forth the files and joyning them into a Body the Leader without any farther delay may crave their silence and close their ranks and files to order and after some distances and facings shewn unto them drawn forth from the former rule he may proceed to this following doubling making every man a file-leader according to succession and after reduce them again Command Ranks to the left double Command Files to the left double Command Half-files double your front to the left Command Files double your depth to the left Command Bringers-up double your front to the right Command Double your files to the left intire advancing Command Bringers-up double your front to the left Command Double your files to the right intire advancing Command Ranks to the right double Command Files to the right double Reducement Files rank to the left into the front Rank file six to the left they are reduced CHAP. XXXVII Eight Counter-marches with their Reducement Command BRingers-up stand to the rest pass thorough to the right and place your selves behind your Bringers-up The rest face about Command File-leaders and Bringers-up stand the rest pass thorough to the right and place your selves before your Leaders and Bringers-up half-files face about Command Ranks to the left hand counter-march maintaining ground face to the left Command Right and left half-ranks counter-march from the midst of files maintaining ground face inward Command File-leaders face about the rest pass thorough to the right and place your selves behind your leader to your leader Command Counter-march your front and reer half-files from the midst of ranks losing ground front half-files face about Command Ranks to the right hand counter-march losing ground Command Counter-march your right and left half-ranks every man placing himself one the outside of his right and left hand-man they are reduced CHAP. XXXVIII Eight severall Wheelings with their Reducement Command WHeel your right and left half-ranks inward to the midst of files Face outward Command Wheel the battail off by division from the reer Command Wheel the battail inward to the right flank from left Face to the left Command Wheel front and reer half-files inward to the midst of ranks Half-files face about Command Wheel off your right and left half-ranks by division from the midst of files Face inward Command Wheel off your front and reer half-files by division from the midst of ranks front half-files face about Command Wheel off your front by division Command Wheel your battail inward to the left flank from the right face to the right CHAP. XXXIX Plain Firings and Figures of Battail The first firing LEt them give fire to the front by introduction where first command them to open their files outward to open order and then let the first rank give fire on the ground they stand then let the next rank move forward and place themselves before the first ranke and give fire likewise and stand and so successively every rank is to move forward and place themselves before the rank that fired untill all have given fire this being twice performed reducâ—th them and is tearm'd a firing of gaining ground The second firing Let them fire by files inward to order and fire on the ground they stand and fall off to the right and left into the reer of themselves The third firing Let them close their files ranking outward into one intire rank into the front all at one and the same time and to file again as they were The fourth firing Let the Muskettiers double ranks to the right and left outward and give fire three ranks together the first kneeling the second stooping the third standing upright and after to double files to the right and left inward The fifth firing Let them fire again and fall off to the right and left and flank the Pikes who may after charge on and after retreat back again into their places The sixt firing Let them face outward and give fire to both flanks on the ground they stand and fall in the reer of themselves The seventh firing Let the half-files of Muskettiers face outward and move cleer of the standing part then let every division give fire again and fall in the reer of themselves and then close their divisions The eight firing Let them give fire eight ranks together viz. two kneel down two stooping two standing upright the last two to be drawn forth so fire them altogether The ninth firing Let the four first ranks upon each flank fire again and fall off to the to the right and left and flank the Pikes and let those Muskettiers face to front and reer and draw forth the last rank of Muskettiers upon the flanks to the right and left outward and place them in the midst of those intervalls upon the angles the Pikes being impaled then fire them to front reer and both flanks and four angles and fall in the reer of themselves This firing may be continued as long as a leader shall think fit then face about those files standing at the angles and move them into the reer of those divisions of Muskettiers upon the flanks from whence they were first drawn forth then let them face all to their leader The tenth firing Let the Muskettiers in front reer face outward and march cleer of the standing part then let them face to front reer and give fire fall in the reer of themselves then let the reer divisions of Mukettiers face to the front and the outmost divisions of Muskettiers in the front face to the reer then let the outmost divisions move and close ranks forward to order and let the Pikes charge on and being retreated back again into their places face all to the front and proceed to figures of battail according to the next direction Command Half-files of Pikes face about half-files of the four outmost Files of Muskettiers face to the reer the four outmost files and the body of Pikes move forward cleer of the standing part to your leader then let them face outward and move two paces then face to front and reer and move the like face all to your leader and close ranks forward and files inward in each division they will stand as followeth The first firing Let the reer divisions face about then let the first divisions give fire and fall in the reer of themselves then wheel off to the right and left and fall in the room or place of the next divisions and they at the same time are to move up
into their ground giving fire and falling off in like manner The second firing Let them give fire on the ground they stand in each division and fall in the reer of themselves then let the Pikes charge on whilst the Muskettiers make ready again The third firing Let the reer divisions of Muskettiers move up and range even a brest with the first divisions then let them fire altogether and fall in the reer of themselves then let those that formerly moved up face about and march down again into their places then let the Pikes charge on again as before and being retreated let them face all to both flanks and give fire in form and manner as they did to front and reer The fourth firing Let the middle divisions of Muskettiers advance forward untill they be cleer of the standing part then let them all fire and fall in the reer of themselves and the middle divisions to move back again into their places then face to their leader and move the inmost division of Muskettiers upon the right in the reer to the left three paces then proceed Command Inmost divisions of Musktttiers in the reer double to the right file-wise and after that division that doubled to face about and pass thorough the intervalls of Pikes and place themselves three foot behind the reer and the other division that was doubled to advance forward through the interval of Pikes and place themselves three foot before the front then face to their leader Let the second divisions of Muskettiers from the front stand and all the rest move forward three paces then move the second divisions of Muskettiers to the right and left inward untill they stand streight between the front and reer divisions of Pikes front division of Muskettiers face about and let them and the reer division move forward inward three paces and after face to their leader The first firing Let the front division of Muskettiers fire and fall in the reer of themselves then wheel off to the right by the outmost divisions of Muskettiers and come down into the place or room of them in the reer and they at the same time are to move streight forward up into the front and to give fire and fall in the reer of themselves then to wheel off to the right as the front division did untill they come into their places again Then let the first out-most divisions give fire and fall in the reer of themselves and after wheel off to the right and left into the ground of the reer divisions who at the same time are to move forward into their places and give fire and fall off as the former did The same firings may be perform'd to the reer they being thither faced The second firing Let them face to both flanks and give fire and fall in the reer of themselves in each division then let the Pikes charge on to both flanks and being retreated back again into their places let the reer division of Muskettiers move forth cleer of the standing part then let them double ranks to the right in each division and give fire altogether after let them double files to the left and fire again four ranks together two kneel down and two stand upright then let the Pikes charge on and being retreated you may farther proceed Command Front divisions of Muskettiers face about and march into your first places face all to your leader middle divisions of Muskettiers face outward and move cleer of the standing part front division of Muskettiers face about front division and reer division of Muskettiers move forward untill you be cleer of the next divisions of Pikes that stands before you face all to your leader and they will stand as followeth The first firing Let them face all to the right flank let the front division give fire fall in the reer of themselves then let them wheel down into the reer they at the same time moving up into their ground firing and falling off and moving down accordingly into their first places Then let the other six divisions fire after this manner first the Front divisions and fall in the reer of themselves then wheel off to the right and left into the reer of their own range and the next divisions may move forwards into their ground give fire and fall off in like manner and so successively let every division move up into their first ground relieving each other untill they have fired two or three times over in this manner The second firing Let them face to both flanks and let the inmost divisions of Muskettiers move forth to the right and left untill they be cleer of the Pikes who are to port then the Muskettiers in each division may give fire and fall in the reer of themselves then the Pikes may charge on whilst the Muskettiers make ready again and being retreated into their places again you may proceed to another firing The third firing Let the outmost divisions of Muskettiers face to Front and Reer and the Pikes to the four angles then let them give fire to Front Reer and both flanks on the ground they stand in each division and fall in the reer of themselves then let the Pikes charge on to the four angles and being retreated into their places move in the outmost divisions of Muskettiers into their places again and then face all to their leader Command Outmost divisions of Muskettiers face to the right and left inward and march untill you range in the midst of Front and Reer divisions of Pikes to your leader Upon the former figure let the front divisions of Muskettiers upon the flanks move even with the front of Pikes then let them fire and fall in the reer of themselves then wheel about to the right and left into the place of the reer divisions who are to move forward into their ground to fire and fal off accordingly Then let the middle divisions of Muskettiers in the front move forward likewise untill they range even a brest with the front give fire and fall in the reer of themselves and then move cleer forth and wheel off to the right about into ground of the reer division of Muskettiers standing behind them and they at the same time to move up into the front and to give fire in like manner and to fall off accordingly untill they have attained their first places Then let the three last divisions of Muskettiers and the reer divisions of Pikes face about and let the two middle divisions of Muskettiers face outward and move cleer of the standing part then let the Muskettiers in front and reer move forward cleer of the Pikes and let them fire to front reer and both flanks and fall in the reer of themselves then the Pikes may charge on to front and reer and being retreated back into their places the Muskettiers in front and reer may face about and move down again into their first ground and the Muskettiers upon the flanks
are to face inward and to move into their places where formerly they stood then face them all to their leader and proceed Command Reer division of Muskettiers in the midst face about middle divisions of Muskettiers move forward three foot before the front and reer division of Muâ—kettiers in the midst upon the right face to the left angle and move untill you stand even and streight in the next range of Muskettiers the next division of Muskettiers in the midst upon the left face about and then likewise face to the left angle and move down into the next range of Muskettiers to them and to stand streight in the reer of the reer division face all to your leader produceth the next Upon the former figure let the six last divisions face about let the first divisions give fire fall in the reer of themselves then wheel them about to the right and interchange ground with them that stand in their reer who just upon their wheeling about are to move up cleer of the Pikes to make them room to fall down through the middle intervall into their places who also are immediately to give fire and fall off accordingly Then let the outmost divisions give fire and fall in the reer of themselves then let the Pikes charge on to front reer face them after to the front at such time when the Pikes have retreated back into their places again Now if you will fire them to the front the Muskettiers stands in such good order that you may fire them by divisions by their severall turns as long as you please they relieving each other After you may fire them to front reer and both flanks the Muskettiers standing in fit condition for the same But fearing to keep the souldiers to long in Exercise debarring them thereby of there wonted refreshment I will hasten to the reducement and for present lodge the colours and conclude the eleventh exercise Reducement Out-most divisions of Muskettiers face outward and move six paces to your leader the two first divisions of Muskettiers in the midst face to the right and move cleer of the Pikes then face to the right and left inward and move and interchange ground then stand and face to your leader The two last divisions of Muskettiers in the midst face to to the left and move cleer of the Pikes face all to your leader then let every division close forward to order and move up even a brest with the Pikes they are reduced CHAP. XL. The twelfth Exercise consisting of 24 Files six deep THe place of Exercise appointed for the souldiers to meet they upon a just summons make full appearance being indeed the very life of any Exercise affording much comfort to him that shall lead them And therefore seeing their readinesse forwardnesse as in duty they are concer'nd the leader cannot chuse but forthwith to give order unto his officers for the compleating up of the body who knowing his commands goe nimbly and cheerfully to work in drawing forth the files and joyning them together after fetching the colours and bringing them to the head of the company So that nothing being wanting the leader craves their silence and attention commanding them to their distance of order both in rank and file and after some few distances shewn unto them he may proceed in the next place to such facings as followeth Command Face to the right and left outward and move four paces Face to Front and Reer and move three paces Face to the outward angles in the Front Face to the inward angles in the Front Face to the inward angles of the right Flank Face to the inward angles in the left Flank Face to the outward angles in the Reer Face to the inward angles in the Reer Face to the outward angles both of Front and Reer Face to the inward angles both of Front and Reer Face to the midst of Files Face to the midst of Ranks Face to the Centre Face to the outward angles of Front and Reer from the centre Face all about to the right Face to Front Reer and both Flanks from the Centre As you were to to your Leader CHAP. XLI Doubling to make every man a File-leader by dignity Command HAlf-files double your front to the left Command Double your files to the right intire advancing every man placing himselfe before his leader Command Front half-files double your reer to the left Command Double your files to the left intire advancing every man placing himselfe before his leader Command Bringers-up double your front to the right Command Files double your depth to the right every man falling behind his bringer-up Command Half-files double your front to the right Command Double your files to the left intire advancing Command Ranks to the right double Command Files to the right double Command Bringers-up double your front to the left Command Files double your depth to the left every man falling behind his bringer-up Reducement Ranks to the left double Files to the left double CHAP. XLII Severall Wheelings with their Reducements Command WHeel off your reer half-files and double your front by division Command Right and left half-ranks double the depth of your battail by wheeling inward to the reer Face to the reer Command Double the length of your battail by wheeling inward to front and reer Half-files face about Command Front and reer half-files double the depth of your battail by wheeling outward to the right flank Half-files face about and wheel to the left front half-files wheel to the right Command Front and reer half-files double the length of your battail by wheeling inward to the left flank face all to the left Command Front and reer half-files double the depth of both flanks by wheeling to the right and left outward Half-files face about Command Front and reer half-files double the length of the battail by wheeling inward to the midst of ranks Face inward Command Front and reer half-files double the depth of your left flank by wheeling to the right and left outward Half-files face about Command Front and Reer half-files double the length of your battail by wheeling inward to the right flank Face to the right and as they then stand right half-ranks wheel to the left and left half-ranks wheel to the right untill the right flank meet together they are reduced CHAP. XLIII Plain Firings and Figures of Battail The first firing LEt two ranks advance forward ten paces and give fire and fall in the reer of themselves and after wheel off to the right and left outward and move down in the reer of their own divisions of Muskettiers and then the next two ranks are to move forward and to give fire as the former did and so consequently all the rest untill all have fired and reduced back again into their places The second firing Let them fire even with the front and fall in the reer of themselves and let the Pikes charge on whilst the Muskettiers make
ready again The third firing Let single files be drawn off and rank inward into the front and fire file again face about and move down into their places then let two files be drawn off cleer and let the inmost files rank inward the outmost files rank outward and give fire and file again as they were and fall into their places The fourth firing Let the four out-most files upon each flank be drawn off untill they be cleer of the front then let them close before the front of Pikes face then the in-most files of Muskettiers to both the flanks and let them give fire to the front and both flanks on the ground they stand and fall in the reer of themselves The fifth firing Let them give fire altogether six ranks at once in the front and four in the flanks observing the former rules of firing so many ranks together as you may find in the place of the description of firings The sixt firing Let those Muskettiers upon the flanks face to the reer and move cleer of the Pikes then close to the right and left inward to order then let the half-files of Pikes face about and let the Muskettiers give fire to front and reer and fall in the reer of themselves The seventh firing Let the Pikes move forth to the right and left outward untill they be cleer of the Muskettiers then let the Muskettiers give fire in an oblique manner thus let every two files open to the right and left outward to something more then open order then close the two first ranks of the foure in-most files to the front to order and let the other two ranks close likewise almost to that distance but the two last ranks only are to face to their front after in the same kind close the four ranks inward to the reer of the four out-most in manner and forme there as the other files were to the front and so let them give fire in each division an oblique way two ranks kneel down two kneeling two stand upright The eighth firing After the former firing close the four inmost files to the right and left outward to order and to joyn with the outmost files when their aspects being to the outward angles of front and reer let the Pikesport and Muskettiers give fire to the four angles and fall in the reer of themselves then let the Pikes charge on whilst the Muskettiers make ready again and after retreat back into their places again The ninth firing Let them give fire again the first rank in each division and wheel about to the right and move down into their first places where before they were drawn forth and every rank consequently fall in the reer of them then let the Pikes close into the midst to order and face all to their leader Command Muskettiers face to the right and left outward and move twelve paces then face to the reer and move likewise twelve paces after face to their leader Front half-files of each division move forward three paces right and left half-ranks of each division move outward two paces Front divisions of Pikes and Muskettiers stand reer divisions of both arms move to the right and left outward untill you be cleer of the front divisions then close ranks and files in each division to order and face to their leader they will stand in the first figure The first firing Let the front divisions of Muskettiers move forward and range even a brest with the front of Pikes give fire and fall in the reer of themselves then face about and move down into their own ground again and face to their leader then let the outmost divisions of Muskettiers move in like manner as the former did and give fire and fall off in like manner and down again into their places Let the Muskettiers in the next place face outward and move three paces and after face to the front then let the reer divisions of Muskettiers advance forward untill they range even a brest with the front divisions then let them give fire altogether in each division fall in the reer of themselves and after let the out-most divisions that moved up move down again into their places then let the Pikes charg on and after retreat again into their places The second firing Let the out-most divisions of Muskettiers in the Front move forward before the Front of Pikes and the in-most divisions of Muskettiers in the Front let them likewise move at the same time before the Reer divisions of Pikes then let the Pikes port and Muskettiers in each division give fire on the ground they stand and after fall in the reer of themselves and those Muskettiers that formerly moved forth from their places let the Serjeants wheel them off to the right and left into their first ground and face to their Leader Command In-most divisions of Muskettiers in the Front face to the Reer divisions of Pikes upon the left in the Front face about to the right divisions that are thus faced move down three foot cleer of the Reer of each Arms. Front divisions both of Pikes and Muskettiers and those that last moved face to the left and move two paces face all to your Leader and Muskettiers move forward untill your middle divisions range even a brest with the Reer divisions of Pikes and they will stand as followeth Upon this Figure let the Front divisions give fire and fall in the Reer of themselves and then wheel off to the right and left into the ground of the Reer divisions and they at the same time are to move up into their places and to give fire and fall off accordingly into their first places Then let the middle divisions move forward untill they range even with the Front of Pikes and let them give fire and fall first in the Reer of themselves and after face about and move down into their places again and face to their Leader then let the Pikes charge on and after retreat back again into their places They may fire to the Reer after the same manner as they did to the Front they being thither faced and after they have all fired face again to their Leader Command Let the four divisions of Muskettiers upon the right to move away and let the divisions of Pikes fall in the Reer of them and the four divisions of Muskettiers on the left to fall in the Reer of the Pikes then standing streight in their divisions both rank-wise and file-wise and they will stand as followeth Upon this figure let the reer divisions face about to the right and let the first divisions give fire to front and reer and fall in the reer of themselves then let them advance forward three paces and after wheel about to the right and interchange ground with the reer divisions and they at the same time are to move up and give fire and fall off accordingly Then let the other divisions move forward untill they range even a
brest with front and reer give fire and fall in the reer of themselves after face about and move down into their places then face all to their leader Command The four first divisions stand the rest face to the left and march cleer of the standing part then let the Pikes face to the front and march up even a brest with the Muskettiers Reer divisions of Muskettiers face to the front and move up likewise Muskettiers face inward move all three or four paces untill they stand in form of the second figure face all to your leader Reer division of Pikes face about and move down three foot cleer of the reer to your leader which produceth the last figure Upon this figure let the reer division of Pikes face about and Muskettiers face outward then let Pikes port and let the first divisions of Muskettiers give fire and fall in the reer of themselves then face about and interchange ground with the reer divisions and face again to front and reer and let those that came up into their room give fire in like manner and fall off down again into their places Then let the next divisions give fire fall in the reer of themselves and let the Pikes charge on and being retreated back again into their places command the two middle divisions of Muskettiers to face to the reer and move down and range even with the reer then let every division of Muskettiers give fire on the ground they stand to both flanks and reer and fall in the reer of themselves the Pikes may charge on again and those Muskettiers that moved down into the reer may face about and move back again into their places and face all to the front Reducement Reer division of Pikes advance forward to the left into the front the two inmost divisions of Muskettiers face about and march cleer of the reer then face to the right and left outward and place themselves behind the reer divisions of Muskettiers outmost divisions of Muskettiers face inward and move streight in the reer of the front divisions and let the Pikes fall in the reer of their front divisions and face all to their Leader Half-files of Muskettiers double your front to the right and left inward and after move forward and even the the front they are reduceed The end of the second Book THE COMPLEAT BODY OF THE ART MILITARY The Third BOOK CHAP. I. Concerning the drawing up of Regiments with their severall numbers forms manner and ways HE that shall be desirous to be truly knowing in this point of Military Discipline in the drawing up of Regiments whether they be of lesser or greater Bodies as in some 6 other 7 8 10 or 12 Companies they must be drawn up into Battalia either in one two or three Squadrons or grand divisions of Pikes flanked with Muskettiers having alwayes in the Reer a sufficient number of Muskettiers for the guard of the Bagage Cannon or to be Convoys for to convey Ammunition and Victuall to the rest of their fellows Who are to be drawn forth by the discretion of the Major from each particular Company according to their severall strengths as in greater Companies more files then in those which be lesser ordering them timely reliefe whereby the severall duties amongst the Souldiers throughout the Regiment by an equall way may take their turns Now for as much as the true stating of the dignities of every particular Officer in the opinions of many differ very much and our former Military Authors have been very sparing in their pains in setting down their due places of honour I shall for the satisfaction of those which desire to be rightly inform'd collect out of the many former practised abroad and at home one good way to perfect it But here by the way I must crave pardon from the courteous Reader by reason I foresee certain objections like rubs or blocks lying in my way to digresse a little from my intended purpose to give answers unto each of them which are first that I seem to slighten the pains of former Authors Secondly that it will be a means to occasion much idlenesse in the Souldiers Thirdly that it is too great a knowledge to be laid open to their view To the first I answer that the reason as I conceive why they have been so sparing of their pains in this kind was not for want of abilities or knowledge amongst any of them whose works for the most part I highly honour and esteem but rather believe that they left it forth for the curious search of such who are called unto Field-officers places knowing well that before they are capable of that preferment they must be good proficients in this part of Military Exercise 2 Although many that know but a little may be puft up with high conceits of themselves conceiving what the Authour hath done 't were easie for any man to performe the same yet to them of riper judgements the more variety in this kind is presented to their view the more painfull they are in the curious practise thereof thinking every moment lost which is not spent in the searching after and informing of their judgments in this point of Military Discipline If it had not been for the worthie paines and labours of our ancestors published to the view of the world this our age might have been ignorant both in this and all other Sciences for from them we borrowed our first light God putting it in their hearts to publish their severall gifts to after generations which though at this day much refined yet for our first grounds and principles we are beholding unto them Therefore give me leave according as God hath inabl'd me not to conceale or keep back any thing which may concern the good and welfare of my country for I conceive there is none worthie to receive benefit from those that have gone before him if he conceales that good to such as shall come after him And if I happen to lie under the hard censure of some for my paines it makes no matter so the major part receive benefit thereby for as I gathered somwhat of others so my desire is that others may doe the like by me The opinions of Souldiers in the drawing up of Regiments are very various both in their formes and figures according to the custome of their Countries commands of their Generals or Officers in cheife which neverthelesse may prove very good and serviceable when need shall require I shall therefore for the satisfaction of the ingenuous souldier set before them the best collections drawn from them all such as may be most usefull for to fight against the enemy according to the situation of the place the number of men and aptnesse of ground to contain them which in the next place comes to be handled CHAP. II. The manner ef drawing up a Regiment consisting of six Companies containing in it a Collonel a Lieutenant Collonel a Major and three Captains every one having
readier where to finde them and according to order they may draw them off to compleat up their Captains Companies As for the Drums the care thereof belongs to the Drum-Major to place and to ease them timely by reliefs to beat as many or as few as he shall think fit to which purpose he orders them to fall in betwixt the second and third Rank of Muskettiers and Pikes of each Division but when they are all even a brest the Drums are placed according as you see them marked the figure for the long-March in the next place followeth CHAP. VII The first Exercise of a Regiment in the plainest and easiest way THe Major finding the commodiousnesse of the ground may draw them up all even a brest again and proceed to exercise them in a regimentall way conferring before-hand with the Captains Lieutenants Ensignes and Serjeants what he intends to do Whether he will exercise every Manniple or Division as is usuall in a private Company in all their plain Motions and â—irings which may be very proper and easily done or otherwise proceed to more variety in every Division to give them commands as one man either to face double or otherwise according to discretion And having fully instructed them of all his intents and purposes he must begin to consider of the best manner for the managing of the same To which end he shall do well to command the first grand Division to advance forward 12 paces cleer of the second and after face them to the left and mâ—â—ch them untill they stand streight before the second grand Division then face them to the â—ront and they will stand in manner as in Folio 141. After he must consider how many Files of Muskettiers there are and whether he can branch them forth into equall Divisions sutable to the Pikes but finding them to stand but 18 of a side he shall do well for time of his Exercise to draw off eight â—iles of Muskettiers from the Reer which were formerly appointed to guard the Ammunition or Baggage and adde two to every Division of Muskettiers which will make them 20 Files of each side of the Pikes and then he may thus proceed Command Files to theâ—r opâ—n order and ranks to close forward to order in each grand Division every five files of Muskettiers of each Division close to the right to order the first six files of Pikes in each grand Division close to the right to order the rest of the Pikes close every five files to the right to the same distance then there will be in each grand Division four Divisions of Pikes and eight of Muskettiers in manner as set forth to your view in Folio 147. Before the Major shall begin his Exercise he shall do well to appoint unto each Division the Captains and their Ensignes whose Colours in the mean time may be stuck in the ground or given to any of the File-leaders of Pikes to hold during the time of Exercise to take charge of them to order them according unto every word of command and the Lieutenant and Serjeants to each Division of Muskettiers that after silence is craved throughout the whole Regiment the Major by stretching out his voice in every word of command the rest as his eccho are immediately to give it out a long the whole Front and from thence unto the Reer and every Officer to lead his men accordingly The Major having stated all things according to the former directions may if he please either face double counter-march or wheel to Front Reer or both Flanks in every perticuler Division And may after fire them by way of Divisions drawn off ten or twenty paces before the Front firing them 7 or 8 times over relieving them by other supplies marching up into their ground And may after face the Reer divisions about and fire them to Front and Reer on the same ground they stand there being sufficient intervalls for their wheeling off in the Reer of themselves And after severall firings in this kinde the Pikes may charge on but before they begin their firings the Pikes must close into the midst to order and Muskettiers to close their Pikes to open order and every Division to preserve so much ground betwixt each other for their conveniencie that after firing they may wheel off Now if you will fire or skirmish the one with the other then draw off the Reer or second grand Division and move them away and draw them up in opposition 100 foot distance of ground betwixt each Front and let the Lieutenant Collonels Company be drawn up upon the right and the Majors upon the left of that grand Division that it may carry some answerablenesse with that of the Collonels The Muskettiers having six foot intervall of ground betwixt each other before they begin to fire they may continue their firings of this nature as long as they please and the Pikes may after charge oâ— to such convenient distance as that they come not within three Pikes length one of another for avoiding doing hurt the one to the other the Muskettiers still continuing their firing and falling in the Reer of themselves and when they come within distance not to present above knee height for the above-named reasons Now the Souldiers being almost tired and all their powder spent and retreating from each other that side which falls out to be the strongest as being the Collonels grand Division or party may be at a parley to invite the weaker to come into mercy offering them all fair Quarter provided they timely and presently receive it and that they will cheerfully and willingly go a long with them and never any more revolt but ever be on their side to fight with them upon all just occasions as shall be required After which the Lieutenant Collonel yeilding they may wheel about and march into the same ground from whence they were first drawn forth and be reduced to the same order and condition as they were before they began to skirmish And thus much shall suffice concerning the ordinary plain way of the exercising of Regiments but those that shall desire a little more curiosity they may observe such Exercises as in the next placâ— shall be set forth unto them CHAP. VIII A second way of exercising Regiments of the same number of men THe first grand Division being in the Front and cleer of the second 12 paces every five files being 18 foot of ground a part from each other and at their distance of order both in rank and file in their own perticuler divisions as was mention'd in Folio 146. comes in this place to be set forth to their view And having past over some of the distances to bring them to this Station in standing in 24 Maniples or Divisions the next thing that I shall shew for Exercise shall be four severall Figures of Battail branched forth from thence by proper words of Command with their reducement Command Divisions of Muskettiers face outward Pikes and
that of the first or fourth as is in the Collonels In the next place the second Captains turn comes to be regarded who by the same rule as the eldest Captain layes claim to carry the first honour by leading the first Body of Pikes the Collonels colours so the second Captain cannot expect any other but to be placed to lead the second Body of Pikes the Lieut. Collonels colours Now there being an odd Captain he must be either placed upon the right or left he is therefore thought in discretion to be rather placed with the Collonel in his Division that his colours may there flie marching four together being far more honour and gracefull then that of three as in the Lieutenant Collonels and therefore where there is an honour in that kind which cannot be divided it is very fit and requisite to place and fix it with him that is the Commander in chiefe As for number of men both Divisions are equall a like and therefore I conceive what hath been spoken may take off all objections of this nature And now according to my promise I shall set forth the manner of the standing of seven Companies in a regimentall way with all the severall places of honour appointed forth unto them either marching or standing all even a brest If they be upon the long-march they are to observe that manner set down in six Companies onely to minde that alteration before expressed the Figure of their drawing up and the Officers stated in their proper places follows in Folio 156. From which Figure I will draw up another placing the Souldiers in Battalia which may be very usefull for them to fight upon Command Pikes in both Divisions face inward in-most divisions Muskettiers face outward Let them be at open order in their Ranks and Files and the two grand Divisions standing in one even Front together march and interchange ground each with other face to your Leader The four inmost files of Muskettiers next the Pikes face about and march six foot cleer from the Pikes and stand then close their Files to the right and left to order in their own perticuler divisions then face inward and march all together untill they stand six foot cleer of each other face to your Leader The next five Files of Muskettiers in each side of Pikes advance 18 foot before the Front then close their Files into the midst to order and Ranks forward to order Pikes close your Ranks forward to order and Files into the midst to order Every five Files of Muskettiers close inward to order and Ranks forward to order then face to the Pikes and march forward being betwixt every five Files of Muskettiers six foot of ground distance each from other and the same distance from the Body of Pikes face all to your Leader The 12 out-most Files of Pikes and Muskettiers advance forward six foot cleer of the standing part then move forward the three out-most divisions of Muskettiers 12 paces then face them inward and move them untill they stand streight before the five remaining divisions face all to your Leader The middle division of Muskettiers of those three taken off before from each Flank move forward six foot cleer of the standing part the three middle-most divisions of the five remaining upon each Flank move up untill you stand six foot short of the divisions which are before you the two out-most divisions of the last three that moved face outward and march six foot cleer of the former divisions before them the two remaining divisions by the out-side of Pikes move inward untill you stand streight in the Reer with the two Front divisions facing all to their Leader they will stand as is set forth unto your view in Folio 156. Notwithstanding the former directions of drawing forth the Figure make this alteration wheel off the first two divisions of Muskettiers before the Pikes and place them six foot behinde the Reer of those upon the Flanks and before you reduce them carry them into their first places In this Figure you have Forlornes aptly standing to the Wings and main Body of Pikes with Reserves to them all so that I shall not need to trouble my selfe for to describe what firings might be here performed upon the same they lying so apparant to the view the divisions being cleer each of other any ingenuous Commander may fire them according unto his own best discretion continuing the same as long as he shall think fitting and therefore passing it by and leaving it to their own liberty I come in the next place to reduce them again into private Companies Reducement Pikes of the Main Body advance forward and range even a brest with the Pikes before you the two last divisions of Muskettiers in the Reer move up and flank the Pikes the two divisions of Muskettiers before the Front face about and move down upon the right and left of the other two divisions of Muskettiers to your Leader The two last divisions of Muskettiers in the Reer of the Flanks advance forward to the right and left and range even a brest on the out-side of those three divisions that stands before you Single divisions of Muskettiers in the Front of each wing face about and move down even a brest with the Reer of the next divisions The eight divisions of Muskettiers upon each wing face about the five first divisions move down and range even a brest with the Reer the three last move to the right and left outward untill you be cleer of the rest face to the Reer and move down in like manner and rank even with the rest after face all to the Front and they will all stand in one even Front Next command the Pikes to face outward and the five in-most divisions of Muskettiers in each flank face inward then march and interchange ground each with other and face to their Leader they will stand again in two grand Divisions all even a brest in the Front In the next place let those six files be taken off by the Serjeants of their own Companies from the two grand Divisions and be brought into their first plâ—ces After the Major may give order to every Captain to draw off his men and put them into Companies again which is easily done after the Regiment may be ordered to march home in single Companies either by succession or dignity which he pleaseth And here I shall conclude concerning a Regiment of seven Companies CHAP. XIV The manner of drawing up and placing the Officers of a Regiment consisting of eight Companies having in it a Collonel a Lieuteuant Collonel a Major and five Captains their number of men in each Companie being equall with the former Regiment they amount unto 972 men In the nâ—xt place I shall shew how they ought to be drawn up in a regiment all way being all even a brest as before command Muskettiers to face about and to march down 12 foot cleer of the Reer
former rules in the execution of the same It might be here expected I should shew reasons for the thus placing of the Officers after this manner but to satisfie such if they please but to observe and take notice of the reasons given in the former Regiments which will give satisfaction unto this carrying with it the same order and way And likewise it might be expected that I should here set forth a figure for the thus drawing them up as before exprest and placing of the severall Officers But since this Regiment falls out to be so full in number I shall set it forth after the manner of drawing up a Brigade according to the Swedish practise CHAP. XX. The manner of drawing up a Regiment according to the Swedish Brigade AFter that the Major hath plac'd the Lieutenant Collonels Company in such a convenient place that he may draw all the rest up on the left of him he thus proceeds in bringing up the Companies he first places to him the eighth Captain then the fift after that the second then the Collonels Company next to him the ninth Captain then the sixth Captain and first Captain after the Majors then the seventh Captain after the fourth Captain then upon the out-most part of the left is placed the third Captain in manner and form as they thus stand Having thus far proceeded he may command the four out-most Companies upon each Flank to advance forward some ten paces cleer from the four middle Companies then let them stand and after let him draw forward the Pikes cleer from the Muskettiers and close their files outward to order then let the Muskettiers be divided into four parts their files being closed to order let them move forward and flank those two Bodies of Pikes After in the same manner move forward the Pikes in the four middle Companies untill they be cleer of the Muskettiers and close their files into the midst to order and divide their Muskettiers into two parts and let them move forward and flank that Body of â—ikes and then they will stand in three Squadrons or grand Divisions their dignities standing after this manner in the Collonels division thus 4 9 12 1. In the Lieutenant Collonels division thus 5 8 11 2. and in the Majors thus 6 7 10 3. So that you may perceive this to be a very good way amongst the rest each perticuler Squadron bearing the number of 26 and having unto every one of them their dignities and worths equally divided and stated a like In the next place the Major ought to inquire of the number of men they carry in each division of both Armes where as first he shall finde in the Collonels Squadron to have in it 26 files of Pikes and 52 files of Muskettiers and examining all the rest they will fall out to the same proportion of number So that in each division there conteines whether they be Pikes or Muskettiers to have in every perticuler thereof 78 files In the next place he shall do well to appoint forth unto them their severall places to lead and bring up and first of the Collonels grand Division he being on the head thereof the Captain Lieutenant leading the first division of Muskettiers in his Squadron being brought up by his Bringer-up the first two Colours and his halfe Body of Pikes to to be led by the eldest Captain and brought up by the ninth Captains Lieutenant the next two Colours and halfe Body of Pikes to be led by the ninth Captain and brought up by the eldest Captains Lieutenant the last division of Muskettiers in his Squadron to be led by the sixt Captain and brought up by his own Lieutenant The first division of Muskettiers in the Lieutenant Collonels Squadron is led by his own Lieutenant and brought up by the eighth Captains Lieutenant his first two Colours and halfe Body of Pikes is led by the second Captain and the next two Colours and halfe Body of Pikes is led by the eighth Captain and brought up by the second Captains Lieutenant his last division of Muskettiers is led by the fifth Captain and brought up by his own Lieutenant himselfe standing as the Collonel doth upon the head of his Squadron The first division of Muskettiers in the Majors Squadron himselfe being upon the head is led by his own Lieutenant and brought up by the seventh Captains Lieutenant his first two Colours and halfe Body of Pikes is led by the third Captain and the next two Colours and halfe Body of Pikes is led by the seventh Captain and brought up by the third Captains Lieutenant his last division of Muskettiers is led by the fourth Captain and brought up by his Lieutenant as in the next place in the Figure set forth in Folio 170 more fully appeareth They standing according to the former directions in three Bodies of Pikes flanked with Musâ—ettiers before they come to the Figure set forth you must command in each grand Division the six in-most files of Muskettiers next the Pikes to face about and to march six paces cleer of the Reer and then close them inward to order Afterward open every four files outward to open order of those 12 files and let the middle division there face about and move down six foot cleer of the Reer and after face to their Leader Then there will remain 20 files of Muskettiers upon the flanks of each Body of Pikes after move forward the eight middle files of perticuler division of Muskettiers some ten foot before the Front Then commâ—â—d the left half-ranks or the four files of Muskettiers upon the left of those divisions drawn forth to face about and to move down ten foot cleer of the Reer and after face to the Front Then let the 12 remaining files of Muskettiers close to the Pikes to open order and let every four files of those remaining 12 upon the flanks open outward six foot of ground betwixt each four files and move the â—ront and Reer divisions of Muskettiers just against the midst of those three divisions of Muskettiers that are the â—lankers to the Pikes and they will stand in the figure as it is placed in Folio 170. They standing now in a perfect order of a Brigade the number of men in this Regiment allowing it in a full manner according to the small Brigades of the Swedes I shall not need to point out of what service this figure or drawing up may be in repect there is no ingenuous Souldier but may cleerly perceive they stand in a very good order to fight against an enemy their Commanders being appointed forth to manage it accordingly Therefore I shall leave it to the practise of such who in time of need shall have occasion to make use of it and in the next place shew the manner of reducing them againe into Companies First move forward those 12 files of Muskettiers in the reer of each body of Pikes six to the right and six to the left next to the out-side
Guards which shall relate unto these severall Camps both in regard of the severall and most convenient places for securing the Camp by Sentinels and Per-dues they are to be primarily appointed and ordered according the discretion and command of the Masters of the Field whether Generals or Majors of Brigades and afterwards the Serjeant Majors and Captains of Regiments according to their commands and relieved order are to designe them for the aforesaid place The enlarge the severall Arguments and Disputes that might further arise in point of Field-duties relating hereunto would be too tedious and to little purpose in regard that whosoever shall but diligently observe what hath before been set down concerning the duty of Watches in Garrisons and Fortresses may sufficiently be able to apprehend and performe all manner of duties that shall concern this Field Service provided that he be carefull to adhere to the directions of the Field-Officers in all points and diligent to observe the manner of managing of all things according to their instructions And therefore to avoid prolixity and fruitlesse disputes I referre the Reader to what hath been above related CHAP. XXV The ordering of a private Company unto a Funerall Occasion WHen any Commander or Souldier of worth shall be deceased a private Captain that would shew respect and honour by marching a long with his Company attending the Corps to the place of buriall must order his Souldiers after this manner They being summon'd by beat of the Drum to meet at their usually place of Randezvous they may be drawn up according to the usuall manner having a Van-guard Battail and Reer-guard being thus ordered and each of the Souldiers having either in his hat a black feather or ribbin the Captain may draw them off and order them to their long-march moving them away in an orderly manner unto the place of him that is deceased and there make Alt. After which he may command the Muskettiers in the Van to open to the right and left outward to such convenient distance as the Pikes may move up between them and take possession of their first ground and those Muskettiers may face about and move down cleer of the Pikes and after close their files inward to order and face to their Leader Now being in two divisions let them so continue with their Arms ordered untill such time as they shall perceive the Corps to be brought forth into the Street then the Captain may face them all about and move them some three Pikes length before the Corps after which he may command his Muskettiers to performe their Funerall Posture which is to have their Muskets under their left arme with the But-end upward their Rests likewise on that side trailing After which the Pikes are to face again to their first Front and to lay the narrow end of their Pikes down upon the ground after facing about to the left and and bringing up the But-end of their Pikes on their right side conforming themselves with the Muskettiers in their Funerall Postures In the next place the Ensigne strips his colours off from his Staffe and ties them about his right Wast putting a black Ribbon towards the very end of his Staffe he after faceth to the Body of Pikes standing in the Reer of them and trailing his Staffe in the same Posture next followeth the Captain having in his hand a half-pike or leading-staffe conforming himselfe likewise to his Funerall Posture Thus being all ready to march and rightly faced toward that place where the Corps are to be interred are after this manner following to lead and to bring up The first division of Muskettiers which was the Reer-guard is led by the Lieutenant the next division of Muskettiers that was formerly the Van-guard is led by the second Serjeant the Body of Pikes is led by the eldest Serjeant he trailing a half-pike upon the head of them the Ensigne bringing it up and the Captain 12 foot short of him bringing up the Reer of the whole Company And after him the Ministers marching just before the coffin and in the Reer and next unto it the neerest kindred and after them those that are invited to the Funeral Having thus stated the manner and order of the Military Part with all others belonging thereunto for any ordinary Funerall Occasion I shall in the next place proceed to shew their order upon the March and how each Arms ought to be disposed before the Corps enter into the Church with the rest of the Train All persons being ordered as before expressed the Drums being covered with black-bays and placed betwixt the second and third ranks in each division and all being ready to move the Drums may begin to beat their Funerall March and the Lieutenant leading them away with the But-end of his Pattison upward and comported the rest following and marching in a leasurable and slow way a long together untill they come within a hundred foot of the Church-doore or place where the Corps are to be interred there making Alt. After which let the Muskettiers in their ranks file to the right and left not advancing ground and face in opposition making a Guard for the rest to passe through and resting their Muskets or putting the But-end thereof to the ground with the barrel towards them which is a conformity to the Pikes being ordered In the mean time let the Pikes advance their Arms and immediately after move forward betwixt the Guard of Muskettiers and let their ranks afterward file to the right and left making also a Guard their Pikes being ordered and they as the rest facing in opposition Then let the Captain who bring up the Reer of all his whole Body move forward with the rest to the Church-doore then falling off in respect of ordering his Company the rest of the Train marching into the Church After which the Captain may cause them all to face to the Church or to their Leader he standing then before the Church-doore commanding them to rank again as they were After every Leader may draw off his file and set their Arms a part in each file by themselves and go in to hear part of the Sermon if there should be any such order before-hand from their Captain placing Sentinels to look to their Arms. And when Sermon is almost done they ought to go forth of the Church and draw forth the files by some little warning of the Drums to be in readinesse to answer such directions as they shall receive from their Captain Who may if he have conveniency of room draw all his Muskettiers into a Ring and the Pikes in like manner on the out-side of them and as soon as the Souldiers have notice being all ready and presented that the Body is laid down in the grave they may upon warning of the Drum give one volley of shot altogether and after make ready again performing the same twice over more After which the Ensigne may put his colours upon his staffe and furle them up
notice of and to be informed of placing of man of worth and desert in both Armes that is to say in the Body of Pikes and of the Muskettiers which underneath by figures I shall set forth for farther satisfaction therein Here I have set down the manner how the Serjeants should draw up their Files in each armes a part by themselves and have figured forth unto them the foure chiefe places of honour in both arms It concerns them therefore very much to minde and have regard to these particular places and to order such men of worth there which may be well deserving of the same and those Gentlemen whom they shall thinke fit after to be worthy of File-leaders places they are to draw them up between the figure 1 and the figure 4 and between the figure 3 and the figure 2 and that rule to observe in both armes and to be carefull to place good Souldiers in the Reere and such who may be able Souldiers for Halfe-file-leaders because there may be much occasion by doublings to bring them up for to assist the Front Thus much I do confesse may be sufficient forthe present to give directions to the Serjeants for drawing up the Files and joyning them together Next after I have shewn how to flank their Pikes with Muskettiers I will set forth unto them and the Drums where their places are upon a stand and where to be upon a march Next followeth to flank the stand of Pikes with the Muskettiers command the Gentlemen of the Pikes to face to the right and left half-ranks of Muskettiers to Face to the left and then to march and interchange ground facing after to their leaders and closing Files inward to order they will stand as underneath is set forth If it should happen as somtimes it doth for a Company to be very large as in a Collonels why then they may have just cause to have foure Serjeants as I have thus placed them But here again it will be expected of diverse Souldiers to shew some reasons for the placing of the Serjeants being thus drawn up and upon a stand which I shall endeavour fully for to doe after I have set down where their places are upon the march Now before we shall come to treat of the Company upon their long march the Captain perceiving for his most conveniencie of marching in the street or in a lane that it will be convenient to divide his Muskettiers into equall divisions for their march and therefore according to this number here set down they may be divided into foure divisions that is to say two to march in the Van and two in the Reer and two divisions of Pikes But before they are moving it is the Serjeants duty to come unto the Captain to be informed from him where their proper places are to march and what divisions each of them shall lead and likewise so the Drums to know their places where to beat upon the march To answer to them all in the first place the Captain ought to give directions to his youngest Serjeant to lead the second division of Muskettiers in the Van the first division of Pikes being led by the â—nsigne he commands the second for to be led by his second Serjeant and after orders or appoints the eldest Serjeant to lead the first division of Muskettiers of the Reer-guard and the third Serjeant to lead the last division of Muskettiers the Lieutenant bringing up the Reer and Drums commanded to fall in behinde the two first Ranks of each division and to beat between the second Rank and fourth Having thus stated to them all their proper places next it will be convenient for the Captain to command them to shoulder their Arms both Pikes and Muskettiers and the Officers and Drums taking all their places as before directed they may begin to move and draw forth into a long March as followeth CHAP. XXIII Severall reasons given for the placing of the Serjeants after this manner WHen a Body is drawn up in manner as before expressed the Captain being Commander in chiefe his discretion is to ballance the Officers as neer as he can with equall dignity and worth his Front proportionally with the Reer To which purpose he takes unto himselfe the youngest Serjeant and places him on the right Angle in the Front whereby he may be there ready to march down into the Body or elswhere according unto the discretion of the Captain to fulfill his commands as also to stand there as a Spectator of the Captains actions and an assistant which may be much improvement to him And in like manner he commands the third Serjeant to the left Angle in the Reer as being the second youngest and may be a help unto his Lieutenant there as the fourth is to him in the Front The eldest Serjeant he orders to the left Angle in the Front as being the most honourable place for him being there ready to lead upon a march the Van of the Reer-Guard the second Serjeant he is appointed to stand on the right Angle of the Reer to make them equall in dignity unto the Front Now if you please to examine the dignity of the Serjeants in the first place as the first Serjeant and the fourth making the number 5 and after take a view of the second place or Reer and there you shall observe that the second Serjeant and third may every way ballance themselves to be equivalent in the worth with the first and fourth carrying with them a like the same number So that it is cleerly evident that the Serjeants are rightly stated in number and dignity the Front proportionably with the Reer in the judgement of any knowing Souldier Something more may be spoken of the second Serjeants place which you may take notice in his March to lead the second Division of Pikes which is the most honourablest place of leading that is appointed forth unto the Serjeants the first only excepted and upon a Stand when they shall lead up their Divisions every Serjeant is to be take him unto his place as they were at first placed and to continue there untill such time they shall receive further order from their Captain Thus much I conceive may give satisfaction unto the discreet Souldier in these perticulers leaving them liberty to judge according unto their own best thoughts while we endeavour to draw up our Divisions all a Brest again and to make some description of a Body The Captain upon his March having attained some convenient place to draw up his Company makes Alt and commands the Serjeants to lead up their Divisions upon the left and causes the Muskettiers to open from the Pikes making sufficient intervalls for the Drums to beat two a Brest even with the Front the first two between the right hand File leader of Pikes and the Muskettiers upon the right the second two Drums doing the like upon the left And always the Captain ought to march his Company after this
the Front or Reer and nimbly stepping to them to stay them if disorderly they swerve awry from what he first intended He must likewise order all his Words of Command so as that they may be proper and cleerly pronounced forth unto the Souldier without any faltering And in every one of these to see the Souldier leasurely and easily perform the same in a compleat manner He must not be two quick in his Words of Command but carefully see what before commanded well done and then he may proceed unto the next In time of his Exercise he must seriously mind what he is to do and not to have his thoughts extravigantly carried away upon any other Subject for fear he be out but if any such thing should happen through forgetfulnesse he ought not to be daunted but to pull up the Spirit of a Souldier as well as he can and endeavour to reduce them again For it is a rare thing to be found for a Leader to be so exquisite in his Exercising as not to be somtimes out and in my observation of most at one time or another I have found them so to be His discretion also ought to be such as to cull out and chuse those things that be chiefest as flowers out of a Garden to fit and compleat up his Exercise in a Souldier-like way which may be most properest for service and use which will bring to him far more commendations and praise in the judgement of every knowing Souldier then to spend his time upon unnecessary â—oyes but yet somtimes to please the fancie of the curious at their private meetings he may use some things for delight to support and uphold their private Exercises which have nurst up here in London many able Souldiers and Commanders who have been serviceable to our Nation It is a very necessary thing likewise that a Leader somtimes do acquaint the Souldiers of the use of their severall Distances Facings Doublings Coun-marches and wheelings and of all things else he shall command but in such a manner that he dwell not too long upon any thing he shall declare unto them for dulling of the Souldiers who rather would be pleased with more actings then by too much talkings which spins out the time as somtimes ordered to very little purpose He must be very carefull of every Word of Command he gives that the Souldiers be ordered in their due Distance sutable to the same of what kind soever it be and if it shall be lost in their movings or marchings he must endeavour to bring them to it again He is likewise to acquaint the Souldiers when they are drawn up to look about them and to minde their severall places how they stand in the Body whether they be in even Ranks from the Front or odd if even and upon any doubling of Ranks they are the men to double the odd if half File-leaders that they be commanded to double the Front they must advance their Arms and are Leaders of that Motion to come up to double the Front if Bringers-up commanded to double they are a like to do the same if Bringers-up of the Front half-Files and that they be commanded to double the Reer they likewise are to advance their Arms to face about and are to begin to lead them down to the Reer They should likewise take notice how they stand in their Files whether even from the right or no if even and there be any command to double Files to the right they all are to move and to double the odd if commanded to double to the left they then stand odd and the others are to move and double them They likewise are to mind their places who are upon the Flanks for a doubling either to Front or Reer by the half-Files they first begin to march and how they stand there as right and left-hand men in even Ranks for by any doublings of Ranks entire or by Division they likewise are the Leaders of the Motion There ought also advice be given to the middle File-leaders to know their places for if there should be any doublings of the half-Ranks they then are first to move and to begin the Motion This caution being somtimes quickly run over in advising of the Souldiers that they should ever minde when they are first drawn up into a body these particular places they would not stand so carelesly and so ignorantly in a Body as many times they doe not knowing which way to move without a great deale of pains and directions from their Leader for there being so many occasions of doublings of these kinds that it is a necessary thing for every Souldiers to be acquainted with the same Yet it is not only sufficient that the Souldiers doe minde their places as they stand in a body according to the direction of their Leader as before set forth unto them but that they be likewise in the time of their Exercise very silent in the body and helpfull unto their fellow-Souldiers by pointing out unto them with signes with the hand where they should march to performe what was before commanded and to be very civill and orderly in their carriage to each other and to minde their Exercise so as a matter of great weight and high consideration in the well regarding of the same And if a word of command as somtimes may happen slip out of order as by the mistaking of a hand or the like yet neverthelesse it should be their modest care if not prevented by him to be ready to execute what they conceive he intended and walking along in this civill and respective way unto him that shall lead them it will not only be a great encouragement unto him but they will also reap much benefit unto themselves And thus much briefly may be spoken in way of advice unto every Leader before his beginning of his Exercise and unto each particular Souldier as shall by him be exercised CHAP. XXVII Of Facings of their severall kindes and of their use with the words of command for performance of the same FAcing is the altering or turning of the Aspect to either hand upon the ground they stand according to the words of command whether it be to the right lefâ— Front or Reer or to the midst of Files or Ranks or to any of the outward or inward Angles or to the Center The manner of execution of the same it is a particular turning of every Souldiers countenance unto each of those hands or places as above exprest and to be performed after this manner The left foot is alwayes to be kept fixed like the hinge of a door and unto what hand or part they shall be commanded to face every particular Souldier is immediately to turn his body upon the ball or center of his left foot by wheeling untill he hath brought his Aspest unto the place commanded Facings is one of the most necessary and usefullest motions amongst all the rest for when the body shall be in
such a streight that they cannot bring their faces against an enemy by a Counter march or by a Wheeling to bring their best Souldiers there to fight and likewise being debarred of room that they cannot double it neverthelesse facings are of such excellent use that they may with ease although standing at close Order turn every particular face to charge upon that part where they shall be assaulted by an enemy and farther this motion is performed with more facility then all the rest of the motions For in the others they alter the forme of the Battail or changeth the place but in this they preserve both and it is ready for any attempt of an enemy if they should be charged all at once in Front Reer Right and Left Flanks they may be commanded so to face as to answer them all in every one of their charges Facings likewise are so necessary that they can hardly be spared in any other of the motions having relation in one kinde or other to them all for to be used There is likewise farther to be understood that there are entire facings and divisionall Entire facings are when they turn their Aspects all one way Divisionall facings are when they diver or turn their faces severall ways as to the Front Reer and both Flanks all at one instant of time as shall be commanded There are likewise facings to the front and reer Angles that is to say of their outward and inward Angles Outward Angles are when they are commanded to face to the right Angle or to the left or both facing to the inward Angles as when they are commanded so as to face to the inward Angles towards the midst of files There is likewise facing to the inward Angles towards the midst of Ranks as to the Center where note when there is any use of these facings unto the inward Angles it is occasioned by some former words of command that hath made some large intervalls in the midst of Ranks or Files and therefore they may give them such commands as these for to open or stand so that they may march and close again as at first This facing to the Center I do conceive to be very usefull when the Captain or Leader hath any thing of importance to speake unto the Company they standing at close order he may sidewise move down into the midst of the Ranks and Files and command them to face all to the Center they standing all round about him so close cannot choose but hear and know what his pleasure and command will be and in obedience thereunto be very ready in performance for the execution of the same But before I come to set down the words of command for facings I shall desire all Leaders not to tie themselves up so as not to begin in their Exercise to command facings untill they have brought the souldiers to stand at open order both in Rank and File as if it were not proper for them to command them to face till then Therefore rather for the reasons before set forth command them to choose upon such close Distances to face that they may know the true use of them and at such times when they want ground that the other motions cannot be performed CHAP. XXVIII The words of command for Facings Face to the RIght As you were or to your Leader Left To both Flanks Right about Left about To Front and Reer Midst of Files Midst of Ranks Right Angle Left Angle Outward Angles in the Front Inward Angles in the Front Right Angle in the Reer Left Angle in the Reer Outward Angles in the Reer Inward Angles in the Reer Inward Angles of the right Flank Inward Angles of the left Flank Outward Angles both of Front and Reer Inward Angles both of Front and Reer Inward Angles of both the Fanks to the Center Front Reer and both Flanks from the Center To the outward Angles of Front and Reer from the Center Having concluded the words of command for performing of plain Facings there must be notice taken when any word of command shall be given to face to any of the Reer Angles they must be first faced to the Reer and they will make more easier performance of the same and likewise if any word of command be given to face to the inward Angles upon the Flanks they must face them there likewise first and it will be easier fulfilled and likewise if any command be given to face to the foure Angles or to Front Reer and Midst from the Center care must be first had that they may be first faced to the Center I might have proceeded a great deal farther in this place upon this Subject of â—acings to have shewn severall figures of Battail that might be produced and drawn forth affording much variety of formes and number and with much ease to be performed upon their severall marchings according as they are ordered to face which might be very uâ—efull for service and affording much matter for any perticuler Exercise to use severall firings upon the same But I shall have occasion in another place to make use of divers of them and setting them forth unto the view when I shall begin to set down in any perticuler Leadings of my own which I have performed in our private meetings at Town-Ditch in London every Thursday morning for the satisfaction of those loving Gentlemen who still do exercise there and to such which shall come after CHAP. XXIX The many variety of Doublings with their parts and uses set forth for the practise of any Commander to make use of according unto his own description SInce there is in the true account no other dimension of a Battail but the Length and Depth so likewise it is to be understood that the Length of the Bâ—ttail is doubled by the doublings of â—anks and half-files and the Depth of the Battail is doubled by the doubling of Files and of the half Ranks Now there are severall Words of Command for the performance of each of these as to double Ranks and Files which do consist either of the doubling of number of men and persons and not of place or else the doubling both of number and place as for example command either the Ranks the half-files or Bringers-up to double the Front to the right here only is the doubling of number of men and not of place for it adds but one man more to that hand whereunto they were commanded and gains but his perticuler place Again Double Ranks to any hand intire or double the Front by the half-files to the right intire it will be not only a doubling of the number of men but a doubling of the place and the Length of the Battail The use of doubling the Length of the Battail may be for two reasons the one to over wing an Enemy the other to avoid over winging our selves Yet there must be care taken that in doubling of the Length that we faile not or be too weak in our
Direction Half-files of the even Files from the right face to the Reer even Files march cleer of the standing part after move to the right and left and double the odd Files face to your Leader Reducement The three first and the three last ranks double the six middle-most ranks to the left the three first ranks face about and march down by your own right hands into the midst of ranks and the three last ranks move forwards to the midst to your own left hands face to your Leader Command Double your Files to the right by Division every man placing himself before his Leader and his Bringer-up Direction Half-files of the even Files from the right face to the Reer the even Files march and double the odd every man placing himselfe before his Leader and Bringer-up face to your Leader Reducement The three first and the three last ranks double the six middle-most ranks to the left every man placing himselfe before his Leader and his Bringer-up the three first ranks face about to the left and move down to the midst of ranks by your own right hands placing your selves before your Bringers-up and the three last ranks march forwards unto the midst placing your selves before your Leaders to your Leader Command Left half-Ranks double your right Flank by Division Direction Half-files of the left half-Ranks face about to the right the left half-Ranks move cleer of the standing part after face all to the right Flank the left half-Ranks moving forward untill they have ranged even a Brest with the right Flank face to your Leader Reducement The three first and the three last ranks double the six middle-most ranks intire to the left-Flank the three first and the three last ranks face to the left-Flank and move cleer of the standing part after face inward march and close your Divisions face to your Leader CHAP. XXXVI Intire Doublings to the right Flank by Wheeling Command WHeel off your left half-Ranks and double your right Flank intire to the right Direction Face outward and left half-Ranks wheel about to the left and move forward untill you have doubled the right Flank intire to the right face to your Leader Reducement Wheel off your Reer half-files and double your Front to the left intire half-files face to the Reer and wheel about to the right and march fowards untill you have ranged your selves even with the Front Command Wheel off your left half-Ranks and double your right Flank intire to the left Direction Face outward left half-Ranks wheel about to the right and move forward untill you have doubled the right Flank intire to the left face to your Leader Reducement Wheel off your Front half-files and double your Reer to the right intire half-files face about and Front half-files wheel about to the left move down and double the Reer to the right face to your Leader Command Wheel the left half-Ranks inward into the midst and double your right Flank inward intire Direction Half-files of the right half-Ranks face about right half-Ranks move cleer of the standing part then face to the right and the left half-Ranks face to the left and wheeling inward into the midst moving forward untill they have doubled the right Flank inward intire to your Leader Reducement Wheel off from the right Flank the six middle-most Ranks and double In wheeling the six middle Ranks from the right Flank they must have ground sufficient for them to wheel about your Front and Reer intire to the left Flank the six middle Ranks face to the right and wheel about to the right and left moving forward untill they are cleer of the standing part and after facing to the Front and Reer they move again and double the Front and Reer toward the left Flank face all to your Leader march forwards and close your Divisions Or if they continue their aspect to the right Flank then command the six middle-most Files to wheel off to the right and left and to double intire the Depth of the out-most Files then face to their Leader and close their Divisions CHAP. XXXVII A Divisionall Doubling to the right Flank by Wheeling Command WHeel off your left half-Ranks and double your right Flank by Division Direction Face outward and left half-Ranks wheele off to the right and left about and move forward untill you have ranged even and doubled the right Flank to your Leader Reducement Wheel off the three first and the three last ranks and double the six middle-most ranks intire to the left Flank the three last ranks face about and wheel to the right about moving up towards the midst of the left Flank and the three first ranks at the same time wheel about to the left and move down to the midst of the left Flank face to your Leader Or if they continue their aspect to the right Flank then command the out-most Files to that doubled to wheel about to the right and left inward and double intire the Depth of the in-most Files to your Leader Here endeth all the plain Doublings to the right Flank performed by severall Countermarches and Wheelings which to any ingenious Souldier are sufficient directions to know how to double the left Flank only altering the hand by the Words of Command And here Fellow-Souldier endeth all the severall kinds of Doublings which if any shall seem hard or difficult unto thee either in their Commands Directions or Reducements thou maist care being taken with much ease and delight performe the same And here the Captain is to take speciall notice when he comes to the point of Doublings that his properest way and will be first to double the Front as being the most honourable part of the Body and next the Reer and after either to the right or left Flank leaving it to his discretion to use as many of them as he shall think fitting and convenient for his Exercise And although I have somewhat varied from the practise of former times in using more plenty of Words of Commands the ripenesse and curiosity of wits in these our dayes enforced me unto it for they having much refined the Military Discipline will not be pleased with ordinary stuffe as to say as you were which I confesse would save the Captain a great deal of pains and be more easie to the apprehension and capacity of every private Souldier for his returning back unto his place again Yet if Command should be given to double any part of the Body that Leader would quickly lie under a hard censure and be judged in most mens opinions insufficient that could not finde out some other Words of Command to reduce them again Endevouring therefore to give full satisfaction to both parties I have taken the pains to set down other Words of Command for Reducements whereby those which shall professe themselves curious may cull out such plenty as may best please their genious advising them withall not to presume in the exercising of their private Companies
either of the flanks by these commands the souldiers aspects are thither brought to present unto him a volley of shot It is likewise very usefull for the making of a Line against a Brest-work or lining of hedges carrying it self severall ways secretly to lye in Ambuscado whereby they may fire upon the Enemy as he marcheth by Or approching against any Fort or place of danger they may daringly make a large front and firing upon them after filing to the right or left making large intervalls they much preserve themselves from the danger of the great shot proceeding from the Enemy Again ranks ranking either in equall or unequall parts is of singular good use upon a narrow passage where they can march but 2 3 4 or 6 a Brest the Commander notwithstanding they marched before 20 a Brest may by it bring them to such small numbers whereby hee may much preserve them in time of imminent danger and perill To dwell no longer upon this discourse Inversion and Conversion many times requres larger distance then any other of the Motions as sometimes double distance or twice double distance wherefore being so many occasions for the use of them both I hold it requisite for a Leader frequently to practise his souldiers in them no part of the Art Military affording more commendations to the Souldiers that shall readily and handsomly perform the same Briefly therefore passing over what might be more spoken concerning them I shall in the next place set them all forth in their full view leaving every discreet Souldier to his own liberty to make use of as many of them as hee shall think fit and to use them after what manner he pleaseth CHAP. XXXIX The words of Command for Ranks Ranking and Files Ranking to the Front they being twelve a Brest and six deep Command RAâ—â—s rank to the right 2 3 4 or 6 as occasion shall require Direction If to two the two out-most men upon the right are to move away the next two to fall behinde them untill the first rank hath made six Ranks and the rest doing the like untill the first six Ranks are become thirty six Reducement Ranks rank 12 to the left the first Rank is to stand the rest are to move away two and two untill they have made up 12 in one rank and the rest are to do the like untill they are made up all again as at first or command Ranks rank as you were the same rule is to be observ'd if you rank to any of the other numbers to divide them accordingly Command Ranks rank three to the left Direction The first three men upon the left are to move away the next three are to fall in behind toward the left untill the first Rank have made foure Ranks the rest are to do the like untill they have made them 24 Ranks Reducement Ranks rank 12 to the right the first Rank is to stand the rest are to move forth by three and three untill they have made twelve in one Rank the rest are to do the like untill they be as they were at first or ranks rank as you were Command Ranks rank three to the right and left outward Direction The three out-most men of the first rank upon the right and the three out-most men upon the left move away the next three of each hand in the same rank are to do the like and every rank throughout to follow successively dividing themselves three to one hand and three to the other untill they have made twelve ranks in each Division and falling in the Reer successively to each hand of the first rank Reducement Ranks rank 12 to the right and left inward or ranks rank as you were Command Ranks rank intire to the right into the front Direction The first rank stand the rest face to the right and move away every rank placing it selfe successively to the right untill they stand all in one rank in the front Reducement Ranks rank 12 to the left the first 12 men upon the left are to stand the next 12 are to face to the left and to move and fall in the Reer of the first and so consequently all the rest or else to command ranks rank as you were Cmmand Ranks rank intire to the left into the front Direction The first Rank stand the rest face to the left and move untill they have successively placed themselves and made one intire rank into the front Reducement Ranks rank 12 to the right the 12 out-most men upon the right stand the rest face to the right and move making 12 in every rank or ranks rank as you were Command Ranks rank outward into the front Direction The first Rank stand the rest face outward and place your selves successively into the Front facing after to your Leader Reducement Ranks rank 12 to the right and left inward the 12 middle-most men stand the rest face inward and move ranking 12 successively behinde the first rank and after facing to their Leader and to even their ranks Command Ranks rank inward into the Front Direction The first Rank is to move away to the right and left the next rank moving up into his ground doing the like and consequently so all the rest untill the last rank be come up intire into the front Reducement Ranks rank six to the right and left outward the first six upon the right and the first six upon the left stand the rest move outward falling in the Reer of the first rank ranking six to the right and left and after closing their Divisions Command Files rank to the right into the front Direction Files open to the left to your double Distance and ranks close forwards to close order and move up to the right into the front Reducement Rank file six to the left the first six upon the left are to fall into a file the rest doing the like untill you have made 12 files as at first or command rank file as you were Command Files rank to the left into the front Direction Every man is to move forward to the left into the front beginning from the Leader of the File and moving up successively making one intire rank Reducement Rank file six to the right the six out-most men upon the right are to fall into a file the rest in like manner are to do the same or rank file as you were Command Files rank outward into the front Direction Right and left halfe ranks close into the midst to close order after move to the right and left outward untill they be come up into the front Reducement Ranks file six to the right and left inward the midde men are to stand the rest are to move side-wayes to the right and left inward and to file as before commanded or rank file as you were Command Files rank inward into the front Direction Right and left half Ranks open from the midst to twice double Distance and Files move up to the right and left intire
about and the out-most six men upon each rank are to stand and the middle-men are to divide themselves six to the right hand and six to the left and to fall in the Reer of the first last and middle rank after the last rank is to face to the front and then to close ranks and files to their order Command Ranks rank outward into the front reer and midst every man placing himself on the out-side of his right and left-hand man Ranks ranking by Counter-march Direction The two last ranks face about the first and last rank and the third rank from the front stand the rest move forth to the right and left ranking into front reer and midst placing themselves on the out-side of their right and left-hand men face to your Leader Reducement Ranks rank 12 to the right and left inward placing your selves on the in-side of your right and left-hand men the last rank face about the 12 middle-most men in each rank are to stand and the out-most six men in each rank are to move to the right and left inward placing themselves in the Reer of the former ranks and on the in-side of their right and left-hand men facing to their Leader Command Ranks rank inward into the front reer and midst every man placing himself on the in-side of his right and left-hand man Direction Right and left half-ranks open from the midst to twice double distance standing thâ—n at order in each division in rank and file the two last ranks face about and the first last and third rank from the Front stand the rest move inward placing themselves on the in-side of their right and left-hand men after the last rank may face about and move forward to open order Reducement Ranks rank six to the right and left outward every man placing himselfe on the out-side of his right and left-hand man the last rank face about the six out-most men of each rank stand and the 12 middle-most men in each rank are to divide themselves six to the right and six to the left falling in the Reer of the out-most men placing themselves on the out-side of their right and left-hand men after face to the front and ranks and files close to the midst to order Of Files ranking into Front Reer and Midst Command FIles rank outward into Front Reer and Midst Direction The two last ranks face about the first last and third rank from the front stand the rest move to the right and left after the manner of doubling of ranks and rank to front reer and midst as before commanded and after the last rank face to the front closing forward to order Reducement Ranks file six to the right and left inward the last rank face about and the even men from the midst of â—iles are to fall in behinde the odd after the manner of doubling files to the right and left inward and after the two last ranks are to face to the Front Command Files rank inward into front reer and midst Direction They standing at the distance of order in rank and file command right and left half-ranks to open from the midst some thing more then to open order after the two last ranks are to face about and the first last and third rank from the front are to stand the rest are to move to the right and left inward after the manner of doubling ranks to the right and left inward after the last rank is to face to the front and to close forwards to open order Reducement Ranks file six to the right and left outward the last rank face about and every man from the flanks is to move outward after the manner of doubling files to the right and left outward then the two last ranks are to face to the front and the whole Body may close their ranks and files into the midst to order CHAP. XLIII Of Files ranking by Wheeling Command FIles rank outward into Front Reer and Midst by wheeling Direction The two last ranks face about after face all outward and The Ranks must be at close order and the Files at open order for these three words of Command following and it would be better to divide them into three Divisions that is to say between every two Ranks to have some six foot of ground intervall that they may more distinctly perform the same and wheel to the right and left by two and two untill they be ranked into front reer and midst the last rank may after move forwards unto the same distance the former stands at being first faced to their Leader Reducement Ranks file six to the right and left inward by wheeling the first two ranks face about and then every perticuler rank to wheel by two and two towards the midst of files untill they have made 12 files as at first and after to face all to the front Command Files rank inward into the front reer and midst by wheeling Direction Right and left half-ranks open from the midst something more then open to order the two last ranks of each Division face about after face all inward and wheel by two and two to the right and left untill they have ranked into front and reer and midst to the right and left inward the last rank is after to face to the front taking his distance conformable to the rest Reducement Ranks file six to the right and left outward by wheeling the two first ranks face about and each perticuler rank is to wheel by two's towards the flanks untill they have made 12 files as at first after facing all to the front and closing their ranks and files into the midst to order Command Files rank inward into the midst by wheeling Direction Right and left half-ranks open from the midst to twice double distance after face inward and let them know that the Bringers-up of the Front half-fiiles and the half-file Leaders are the hinges of the motion after face them to the Front and they will be in two Ranks Reducement Ranks file six to the right and left outward by wheeling the last Rank face about and both Ranks wheel to the right and left by threes untill they have made 12 Files as at first after face all to the Front and close Files into the midst to order Command Files rank outward into the Front and Reer by wheeling Direction Right and left half-ranks close into the midst to order after face outward and wheel to the right and left the Bringers-up and the Leaders are the hinges of the motion and when they are brought into two Ranks one in the Front and the other in the Reer face them to the Front Reducement Ranks file six to the right and left inward by wheeling the first Rank face about and both Ranks are to wheel by threes towards the midst of Files untill they have filed according unto command after facing to their Leader evening their Ranks and straightning their Files And thus much of
So that an expert Leader may venter so far in them as to continue his Exercise without reducing almost for an hour and not to expresse himself twice in any one word of Command they affording such plenty and variety in them that with pleasure using but four words of Command he may bring each Souldier into his proper place again observing these directions following As first to look down in the Body where his File-leaders are and where his Bringers-up and likewise making the severall places of his halfe File-leaders and the Bringers-up of his Front half-files together with his Flankers and his middle Files this speciall care being taken he may begin and proceed to their Reducement after this manner If by some former Counter-marches his File-leaders are in the place of his halfe File-leaders and that his Bringers-up are in the room of the Bringers-up of the Front half-files then he may proceed in this or the like kind commanding them to counter-march their Front and Reer into the midst which being performed they will stand in some pretty way of reducing after facing them to the Front where he meets with his Bringers-up in stead of his File-leaders which by one Counter-march will bring them up again into the Front Yet perhaps the Flankers have inter-changed ground with the middle File-leaders if so then counter-march their Flanks into the midst and face them to the Front and if it happen that the right Flank is become the left and the left the right then counter-march their Ranks to any hand and after face them to the first Front they are reduced And farther take this for a generall rule that when Files Ranks or Counter-march to any stand command them to counter-march to the contrary and it will reduce them or counter-marching your Front and Reer into the midst counter-marching of them back again from the midst will bring each man into his proper place again the same rule being observed reduceth the flankers or Front and Reer half-files counter-marching of them from the midst Counter-marches rightly considered branch themselves forth into these three particulars The Macedonian Lacedemonian Chorean The Macedonian is a Counter-march of gaining ground for that it leaveth the ground it formerly stood upon and in lieu thereof taketh the ground before the front and turneth their aspects unto the reer The Lacedemonian is a Counter-march of losing ground for that it leaveth the ground it first stood upon and in room thereof taketh the ground which is behind the reer thither likewise altering the Souldiers aspects The Chorean is a Counter-march maintaining ground keeping the ground the Battalia formerly stood upon every Souldier taking anothers place it likewise turns the Aspect towards the reere Thus you see for all their great varietie which latter ages have invented they consist but of three sorts or kinds either maintaining gaining or losing of ground and may bee performed as I said before either by intire or divisionall Counter-marches It may now be expected that I declare unto the Souldier the meaning of each particular Counter-march briefly therefore thus Files counter-marching is when every Souldier followeth his Leader ranks counter-marching is when every Souldier followeth his side man whether it be to the right-hand or to the left Front and reer half-files counter-marching is sometimes when every particular Souldier followeth his Leader or his Bringer up or else when they follow their half-file leaders or their Bringers-up of the Front half-files or the like Right and left half-ranks counter-marching is when every Souldier in the ranke followeth the outmost men upon the right and left or when they shall follow their inside right and left hand men or the like What hath hitherto been spoken may be sufficient both for the instruction and direction of any discreet souldier I come in the next place to set them all before them as they lie in Order CHAP. LI. Intire Counter-marching of Files Command FIles to the Right Hand Counter-march maintaining ground Left Direction File-leaders turn off upon the ground you stand the rest moving up successively into the file-leaders place turning off untill the bringers up come up into the Front after face to your Leader Command File-leaders stand the rest passe through to the right or left and place your selves before your Leaders Command File-leaders face about the rest passe through to the right or left and place your selves behind your Leaders face to your Leader Command File-leaders face to the reer the rest passe through to the right or left following your bringers-up and placing your selves behind your Leaders face all to your Leader Command File-leaders stand the rest passe through to the right or left and place your selves before your Leaders following your bringers-up Command Files to the right or left counter-march losing ground placing your selves before your bringers up Direction Every file-leader turn off upon the ground he stands on the rest successively doing the same untill they come to the last ranke who need doe no more then face about after face all to their Leader Command The last rank stand the rest passe through to the right or left placing your selves behind your bringers-up every man following his Leader Direction File-leaders turn off to the right or left the rest following successively untill they are all cleer of the reer then face to their Leader Command Bringers-up stand the rest face about passe through to the right or left and place your selves behind your bringers up Command Bringers-up face about the rest passe through to the right or left and place your selves before your Bringers-up Direction Face all to the Reer and begin the Motion with the second Rank from the Reer moving forward every man placing himself before his Bringer-up to your Leader Command Counter-march your Front and Reer into the midst Direction Half-files face about and turn off to the left Front half-files turn off to the right to your Leader Command Front and Reer half files counter-march to the right or left Direction This is to be done distinctly the Front half-files turning off to the right by themselves the Reer half files turning off in like manner face to your Leader Command File-leaders and half file-leaders stand the rest passe through to the right or left and place your selves before your Leaders and half file-leaders Command Counter-march your Front Reer half-files to the right left from the midst Direction Front half files face about and turn off to the right Reer half-files turn off to the left to your Leader Command File-leaders and half file-leaders face about the rest passe through to the right or left and place your selves behinde your Leaders and your half file-leaders to your Leaders Command File-leaders and half file-leaders stand the rest passe through to the right or left place your selves before your Leaders and half file-leaders every man following his Bringer-up and the Bringers-up of the Front half-files Command File-leaders and halfe file-leaders face about the
rest passe through to the right or left and place your selves behinde your Leaders and halfe file-leaders following your Bringers up Direction The File-leaders and the halfe file-leaders being first faced are to stand and the Bringers-up of the Front and Reer half-files are to move forwards untill they be cleer of the standing part after they are to face to the Reer which being ended they are again to face to the Front CHAP. LII Divisionall Counter-marching of Files Command FIle-leaders and Bringers-up stand the rest passe through to the right or left and place your selves before your Leaders and your Bringers-up Direction Half-files face about the Counter-march being ended command them to move forwards and close their Divisions Command File-leadeâ—s face about the rest passe through to the right or left and place your selves behinde your Leaders and your Bringers-up Direction The two last Ranks from the Reer face about and then they are to begin the Motion together which being ended face them to the front and the half-files are to move forward and to close their Divisions Command File-leaders and Bringers-up stand the rest passe through to the right or left and place your selves before your Leaders and your Bringers-up following the halfe file-leaders and the Bringers-up of the Front half-files Direction Half-files face about this Motion is begun by the Bringers-up of each Division which being ended they are to face to their Leader the half files moving forwards closing their Divisions Command File-leaders face about the rest passe through to the right or left and place your selves behinde your Leaders and your Bringers-up following the halfe file-leaders and the Bringers-up of the front half-files Direction The two last Ranks from the Reer face about this Motion is begun by the Bringers-up of each Division who are to lead away the rest following untill they be cleer of the Front and Reer and after to face about placing themselves behinde their halfe file-leaders and the Bringers-up of the front half-files then facing to the front the half-files moving forwards closing their Divisions Command Counter-march to the right and left your Front and Reer half-files from the midst losing ground every man placing himseâ—â— before his Leader and his Bringer-up Direction Front half-files face about and turn off to the right and the half-file leaders turn off to the left and march cleer of the front and reer and after the file-leaders the bringers up are but to face about and the Counter-march will be ended then face the half-files to the front let them move forward and close their divisions Command Front and reer half-files interchange ground to the right or left marching cleer each from other Direction Front half-files face about and passe through to your own right hands untill you be cleer six foot of each other then face to the Front the half-files moving forwards and closing their Divisions Command Front and Reer half-files counter-march to the right and inter-change ground Direction Half-files face about and turn off to the right and front half-files at the same time doing the like moving forward untill they be cleer one of another six foot then facing to their Leader close their Divisions CHAP. LIII Intire Counter-marches of Ranks Command RAnks to the right-hand counter-marching maintaining ground Direction Face to the right the right-hand file that was turn off to the right the rest moving up into the same ground turning off likewise to your Leader Command The out-most file upon the right face to the right the rest passe through to the right or left and place your selves before your right-hand men Direction Face to the right and passe through as before exprest to your Leader Cmmand The right-hand file face to the left the rest passe through to the right or left and place your selves hehinde your right-hand men Direction Face to the right and move forwards and place your selves behinde your right-hand men to your Leader Command Ranks to the left-hand counter-march losing ground Direction The out-most is to turn off to the left about untill he hath brought his aspect unto the right flank and so consequently all the rest moving still forwards untill they have gained upon the out-side of the right flank so much ground as they have lost or that they have placed themselves before their right-hand men by following their left-hand men face to your Leader Command The right-hand file face to the left the rest passe through to the right following your left-hand men and placing your selves behinde your right-hand File Direction The out-most File upon the left face to the right and march through the Intervalls towards the right flank and when he is moved away the rest upon the left are successively to do the same untill they have in lieu of that ground they formerly stood gained so much upon the out-side of the right flank then facing about toward the left flank after face to your Leader Command Ranks to the left-hand counter-march maintaining ground Direction Face to the left and the left-hand File that was turn off to the left on the same ground he stands the rest moving up successively doing the same to your Leader Command The left-hand File stand the rest face to the left passe through and place your selves on the out-side of your left-hand men Direction The left-hand File face to the left the rest passe through to the left and place your selves before your left-hand men to your Leader Command The left-hand File face to the right the rest face to the left passe through to the left and place yourselves behinde your left-hand men Command The left-hand File face to the left the rest passe through to the left and place your selves before your left-hand men following your right-hand men Direction Face all to the left and the out-most Files upon the right move forward upon the left the rest successively doing the same untill you have all placed your selves before your left-hand men to your Leader Command The left-hand File face to the right the rest face to the left passe through to the left and place your selves behind â—â—ur left-hand men following your right-hand men Direction The right-hand file that was is to begin this motion the rest are consequently to follow untill they have gained as much ground on the out-side of the left-flank as before they lost after face about to the right and after to their Leader Command Ranks to the right-hand counter-march every man placing himselfe on the out-side of his left-hand man by following his right-hand man Direction The left-hand file stand the out-most file upon the right is to turne about to the right untill he hath brought his aspect to the left-flanke then moving forward untill he he be cleer of the second file after the rest are to doe the like forsaking the ground they stood upon and in lieu thereof to gain so much upon the out-side of the left-flanke placing themselves on the out-side of their left-hand men
are reduced being faced to their Leader CHAP. LXVI Twelve severall Counter-marches with their reducements Command FIles to the right hand counter-march losing ground Command Ranks to the right hand counter-march losing ground Direction Face all to the right Command Front and Reer half-files inter-change ground Direction Front half-files face about to the left Command Right and left half-ranks inter-change ground Direction Face inward Command File-leaders face about the rest passe through to the right and place your selves behinde your Leaders face to the Front Command Counter-march your Front and Reer into the midst Command Counter-march your flanks into the midst Face out-ward Command File-leaders and half-file-leaders stand the rest passe through to the right and place your selves before your Leaders and halfe file-leaders Direction The second rank from the front and from the halfe file-leaders are to begin the Motion placing themselves as before commanded Command The out-most file upon the right and the second file from the left stand the rest passe through to the right and place your selves on the out-side of your right-hand men Command Files to the left-hand counter-march losing ground Command Front and Reer half-files counter-march to the right Direction Front and Reer half-files turn off distinctly by your selves on the ground you stand face to your Leader Command Right and left half-ranks counter-march to the right Direction Face to the right and right and left half-ranks turn off distinctly to the right face to your Leader they are reduced CHAP. X. Twelve severall Wheelings with their reducements Command WHeel your Reer half-files inward into the midst and double the Front inward intire Direction Right and left half-ranks open from the midst to double distance Reer half-files face about and wheel your Reer inward into the midst moving forward doubling the front inward intire Command Wheel off your right half-ranks and double your left flank to the left intire Direction Face outward right half-ranks wheel about to the right and double your left flank to the left to your Leader Command Right and left half-ranks double the Length of your Battail by wheeling outward to the front Direction Face outward and right half-ranks wheel to the left and left half-ranks wheel to the right and after close files into the midst to order Command Wheel off your right half-ranks and double your left flank by Division Direction Face outward right half-ranks wheel about to the right and left outward moving forward and doubling the left flank to the right and left outward Command Wheel your left half-ranks inward into the right flank Direction Face outward and open from the midst to double distance the front and Reer half-files and after the left half-ranks may wheel inward and double the right flank inward intire Command Wheel off your Reer half-files and double your front to the left intire Half-files face about Command Wheel your right half-ranks inward into the midst and double the left flank inward intire Direction Face outward and Front and Reer half-files that were are to open from the midst to double distance and right half-ranks wheel inward and move forward into the left flank Command Wheel off your Reer half-files and double your front to the right intire Half-files face about Command Wheel off your left half-ranks and double your right flank by Division Command Wheel off your Front half-files and double your Reer to the right intire Half-files face about Command Double the Depth of the Battail by wheeling front and reer into the midst of each Division Direction Front half-files move forward four paces then the last rank of each Division face about and wheel into the midst of Front and Reer of each Division face to your Leader Command Wheel off your Front half-files and double your Reer to the left intire Half-files face about Command Wheel your Battail off by Division from the Reer Direction Face all about and right half-ranks wheel about to the right and left outward to the front and closing files into the midst to order they will be reduced as at first and stand as underneath is set forth CHAP. XI Severall plain Firings upon this Exercise of 24 men with Figures of Battail belonging to the same A Commander having thus passed over the Motions may next prepare for Firings and calling up his Serjeants he may give them order how the Muskettiers shall fire in front and reer but before he begin his Firings it will be expedient that he double his Front to the right and left inward by the Bringers-up which being ended he may proceed as followeth The first firing Let them fire by Divisions drawn forth ten paces before the front of Pikes and fall in the Reer of themselves The second firing Let them fire again and fall off to the right and left moving down before the front of Pikes and closing their Divisions The third firing Let the first rank kneel down the next stoop and the last stand upright and give fire altogether the Pikes in the mean time are to advance their Arms and open to the right and left charge on to the front untill they be cleer of the Muskettiers and then face inwards and close their Divisions then facing all about they may give fire to the Reer marching The fourth firing Let the last rank face about to the left and give fire and fall off to the right and left placing themselves before their Leaders of their own Divisions of Muskettiers The fifth firing Let them face about to the left again give fire fall off to the right and left and flank their Pikes the Pikes at the same instant facing about and charge on cleer of the Muskettiers the Muskettiers after facing inward and close their Divisions the Pikes may charge to the Horse and the Muskettiers may give fire over their heads after this manner The sixth firing Let the first rank stoop and the other two stand upright and give fire altogether after recovering of their Arms they may all face to the front commanding the Pikes to double the front inward intire and afterwards files to double their Depth to the right and left outward every man falling behinde his Bringer-up closing files into the midst to order and wheeling about into the first front he may proceed as followeth Command Front half-files advance forwards three paces the middle rank of each Division face outward and move cleer of the standing part face to your Leader The first firing Let the in-most Divisions of Muskettiers in the Front fire and fall off in the Reer of themselves after facing about move down and inter-change ground with them in the Reer they at the same instant moving up firing and in like manner inter-changing ground with them in the Reer and at the same time the out-most men are to move up and fire to the front and to fall off to the right and left into the place of them in the Reer they at the same time moving up and firing in
file Command File file three to the left into the Front files double to the right intire advancing Front half-Files move forwards three paces files double your depth to the right of each division half-files double your front intire into the midst The two first and the two last men of Pikes upon each flank face inward the two middle ranks face outward the two last ranks of Muskettiers face about march all three paces to your leader To passe by the firings which may be performed upon this figure I shall proceed from hence to draw another Command The outmost divisions of Muskettiers close inward to order front and reer divisions of Pikes open outward to double distance Pikes double inward rank-wise and they will stand as followeth Upon this figure fire to the front in their severall divisions one after another and fall in the reer of themselves then wheel off to the right into the reer the rest of the divisions moving forward in their roome doing the like untill all have fired over twice Command Muskettiers double your Ranks outward in each division and they will stand as underneath Upon this figure as in the former they may fire like-wise to the front falling down into the reer and after every rank successively moving up into the front may fire and fall off in like manner this firing may be done twice to the front and being faced to the reer they may there give fire after the same manner and after face to there first front Command Muskettiers double to the right and left inward file-wise middle-most division of Muskettiers face outward and march untill you have placed your selves in front and reer of the out-most divisions of Pikes The last rank of front and reer divisions of Muskettiers double to the right file-wise and move for-ward untill your first men exceed two foot the front of each division which occasioneth the next figure It is now high time that we put a period to this Exercise wherefore let the Ensigne unsurle his Colours the souldiers shoulder their arms and the Drum beat a march upon which the Ensigne being in the midst may display his Coleurs so long as shall be convenient and after the Leader may proceed to their reducement as followeth Reducement Middle file of Muskettiers face about and march cleer of your owne divisions and double to the left rank-wise Muskettiers close inward to order Pikes double to the right and left outward file-wise files close into the midst to order ranks close to order Pikes move forward and even your front Pikes and Muskettiers inter-change ground they are reduced Now the Leader may command the Muskettiers to troop away and after he may lodge his Colours thereby refreshing both himself and his souldiers until the next summons by beat of the Drum CHAP. XV. The fourth Exercise consisting of foure Files eight deep THe Souldiers upon the fourth summons comming unto the place of Exercise makes fuller appearance then before insomuch that their files are drawn forth eight deep the Leaders thereof having spent some time in exercising them in each perticuler posture are called upon to joyne into a body where their leader stands be thinking of himselfe what new matter he should delight them with there being sufficient in any one perticuler motion for their Exercise pitches for present to spend his chiefest time in Motions upon facings continuing longer in them in respect of the several figures of Battail demonstrated by them Now for the more ready performance thereof I shall onely give the severall words of commands for each perticuler figure which may be drawn from these facings referring the reader to the figures themselves where I shal have occasion to make use of them upon firings which shall be made known unto him by Alphabetical letters pointing from each facing to the figure it produceth To come briefly to the exercise in hand silence being craved and ranks and files closed to order the Leader may proceed to these or the like perticuler facings producing eighteen figures of battail alphabetically set forth with their reducements Command Half-files double your front to the left Direction Files open from the right to open order half-files advance your arms and move forward to the left and double the front Command Files open from the midst to open order Muskettiers close outward to close order the inmost files of Pikes close outward to close order Ranks close to Front and Reer to order and they will stand in eight divisions Command Reer divisions of Pikes face about Muskettiers face outward move all three paces to your Leader pointeth to the first figure marked by the Alphabeticall letter A. Command Muskettiers face inward divisions of Pikes face outward march all untill the Pikes are cleer three foot of the Muskettiers to your Leader this formes the figure demonstrated unto you by the alphabeticall B. Command Reer Division of Muskettiers upon the left face about to the right Reer division of Muskettiers upon the right face to the right Front division of Muskettiers upon the left face to the left divisions of Pikes face to the center move all untill your Muskettiers be cleer three foot of Front Reer and both Flanks then let them stand and face the divisions of Muskettiers to the left and the divisions of Pikes to face about to the right and to move all two paces then face all to the center and close their divisions a little after face to their Leader C Command Reer divisions of Muskettiers stand the rest face to the Reer march all untill your reer division range even a brest with those upon the flanks to your Leader D Command Reer divisions of Pikes face outward march all untill the reer divisions of Pikes be cleer of the outmost divisions of Muskettiers then let the reer divisions of Pikes face to the Front the rest face to the reer march all three paces to your Leader E Command Divisions of Muskettiers in the midst face about march all untill the middle-division of Muskettiers range even with the Reer to your Leader F. Command Front-divisions of Pikes face to the outward Angles Reer-division of Pikes face about and after face to inward Angles of the Reer out-most division of Muskettiers face to your inward Angles Front-division of Muskettiers face about as you are now faced move all some three paces to your Leader G. Command Muskettiers face to Front Reer and both flanks divisions of Pikes face to the Center march all untill you be even a Brest in Front Reer and both Flanks to your Leader H. Command Reer-divisions of Muskettiers face about the out-most Divisions face inward Divisions of Pikes face to the Center march all some three paces to your Leader I. Command Division of Muskettiers upon the left in the midst and the three last Divisions of Pikes and Musktteiers to face to the Reer and move three paces and stand middle-divisions face to the left the rest face about to the right and move three paces
standing upright then the Pikes may continue their charge till the Muskettiers make ready again and after they may retreat and fall in the Reer of the Muskettiers and close their Divisions inward to order These firings being all upon a stand and the Muskettiers being now in Front and Reer they may be moved away and may give fire upon the march to Front and Reer after this manner The fifteenth firing Let the first rank in the Front nimbly advance forward ten paces then present and give fire in which interim the rest will be moved up unto them the others having fallen off to the right and left in the Reer of their own divisions of Muskettiers the next rank may give fire in like manner untill all have fired thus once over the Reer are to fire at the same time with the Front facing about the last rank who are to fall off and to place themselves before their own divisions of Muskettiers The sixteenth firing Let them fire as before and the first rank of the Front-division to fall off and flank the Pikes to the right the rest of that Division falling off and placing themselves in the Reer of them and likewise the first rank of the Reer-division when they have fired let them fall off and range even a Brest with the half-files of Pikes and still preserving themselves in their places to be right-hand men to those which were at first and the rest to give fire and fall in the Reer of them The seventeenth firing Now the Muskettiers being all upon the right flank let the out-most file face to the right and fire and lead away by Bringers-up between the Muskettiers and the out-most file of Pikes let this be continued in the same manner untill all have fired The eighteenth firing The Body still marching let them fire again after the same manner as before The nineteenth firing Let them fire by ranks wheeling to the right flank and after to rank to the right so many a Brest as they were at first marching a long with the Body The twentieth firing Let them fire and fall off on the contrary flank The one and twentieth firing Let them give fire upon the gathering firing after this manner let the out-most file upon the left face to the left give fire and then face to the Front and untill the rest be cleer and then the next file to face to the left and fire and after face to the Front and then the first file may gather up even a Brest upon the left of the second file then the third file may face to the left and give fire after face to the Front and stand untill the other two march up on the left and joyn even a Brest with him and consequently so all the rest untill every file have fired and that they be all moved up even a Brest with the Pikes The two and twentieeh firing Let them wheel ranks to the left and fire and after rank four to the left as they were at first and march even a Brest with the Pikes The three and twentieth firing Let them fire to the left flank ranks inverting and after face to the Front and to rank again as they were The four and twentieth firing Let them fire by files filing to the right and facing after to the left and fire to the left flank and then facing to their first Front and to lead up their Files to the left again as they were The five and twentieth firing Let them fire by the out-most files to the left flank and lead away by the Leader up between or in the middle of Pikes The six and twentieth firing Let them face outward and fire upon a stand after this manner by ranks dividing moving forth to the right and left and fire and fall in again into their places the Pikes may after charge on and retreat again into their places The 27th firing Let them fire by ranks ranking outward into both the Flanks and moving forward and firing even a brest and ranking again as they were but not returning again into the midst of Pikes from whence they were drawn forth but fire to both flanks and fall in the Reer of themselves The 28th firing Let them fire again and fall in the Reer or midst of Pikes The 29th firing Let the Pikes port and let the Muskettiers fire by extraduction to both flanks and return again into their places The 30th firing Let the Pikes open to the right and the Muskettiers move up into the midst and the first rank give fire and slieve up to the right and left and place themselves before the Pikes the next rank moving forward into his ground and slieving away in the Reer of them untill all have fired The 31th firing Let them close their Divisions and fire and fall in the Reer of themselves The 32th firing Let them fire by files ranking outward and filing again as they were The 33th firing Let them fire by ranks wheeling outward into both flanks towards Front and Reer the half-files are to face about the left half-ranks are to wheel to the right the right half-ranks to the left the Front half-files doing the like may give fire facing after to the right and left inward ranking as they were into the midst of ranks and facing again to the flanks The 34th firing Let them fire two ranks together and slieving presently away and flank the Pikes The 35th firing Let them face to Front and Reer and after move outward and facing to the outward Angles of Front and Reer and let them fire and fall in the Reer of themselves The 36th firing Let them close files into the midst to order and fire again and let them fall off to the right and left and flank the Pikes then face all to their first Front they are reduced Having spent all this time in the plain Firings we will in the next place proceed to Firings upon such Figures of Battail as followeth CHAP. XXV Severall Figures of Battail Command HAlf-files double your Front to the left Muskettiers double your Pikes intire advancing Files open from the midst to double distance the two out-most Files close outward to open order and the two in-most Files close outward to the same distance half-files of each Division double the Front inward intire Ranks and Files close to order The four out-most Files upon each Flank stand the four in-most Files upon the left face to the Reer then let the four in-most Files upon the left and the four in-most Files upon the right move forward three foot before the Front and Reer and then face to the left and move two paces then face all to the Front and move streight in their Divisions both rank-wise and file-wise they will stand as followeth The first firing Let the front division of Muskettiers move forward untill they be cleere of the standing part then give fire and fall in the reer of themselves and then closing their files
Muskettiers march all 12 paces and stand to your Leader The two middle divisions of Pikes and Muskettiers in the Reer next the Flanks face about outmost divsions of Pikes and Muskettiers in Front and Reer face outward march all four places and stand Again let the outmost divisions of Pikes and Muskettiers face about to the right then march all three paces then stand and face to their leader it produceth the first figure Each of the former divisions conteining five files a piece excepting the outmost division of Pikes upon the right in Front and Reer and they contein six files in each of them Command Divisions of Muskettiers face outward Pikes face about to the right march all untill the Pikes range even with the Reer then face to their Leader occasioneth the next Command The four last divisions of each arms in the midst face about the six outmost divions of each arms face outward the two middle divisions of Pikes in the front face about march all four paces and stand then face the six outmost divisions about to the right and the four middle divisions of Pikes about to the left then march all four paces and face to their Leader Command The two next divisions of Pikes in the midst from the Reer face about middle divisions of Pikes move forward six foot before the Front and Reer to your Leader Reducement The 12 last divisions face about then let every division march forward untill they range even abrest with the Front and Reer and face to their Leader then let the Reer divisions move forward within 18 foot of the Front divisions and they will be in two grand divisions the one in the Reer of the other as at first when they began their facings Having past over part of the distances and facings the next which in order falls to be handled is Doublings and having by command gained 18 foot distance betwixt every five files if in their former motions they should chance to lose it you may then proceed to Doublings by way of divisions as shall be in the next place set down CHAP. IX Doublings belonging to a Regiment Command DIvisions double to the right file-wise Direction Every even division from the Front face to the right and march down cleer untill you stand streight with the next intervall then face to the left and move in and double those Divisions on the right sile-wise to your Leader Command Divisions double to the right rank-wise Direction Every even Division from the Front face to the right and march forward six paces then face to the Front and move forward and double your divisions to the right Command Divisions double the Length of the Battail to the right and left outward Direction The 12 last divisions face outward and march cleer of the standing part face to your Leader move up all even a brest and double according to command Command The 12 in-most divisions double the six out-most to the right and left outward advancing Direction The 12 middle divisions advance forward untill you be six foot cleer of the standing part then face outward and march untill you stand streight before the six out-most face to your Leader and after face inward and move forward untill they stand again unto 18 foot distance from each other to your Leader Command Divisions double the depth of the Battail to the right Direction Every even division from the right face about to the right and move down 18 foot cleer of the Reer face to the left and move untill you stand streight with those divisions on the right which you are to double to your Leader Command The 12 last divisions in the Reer double the Front to the right Direction The 12 last divisions face to the right and move six paces then face to the left march forward and double the Front to the right and they will be reduced CHAP. X. Four severall Wheelings with their Reducement Command DIvisions wheel about to the right and move down into the Reer Direction Front divisions wheel about to the right and move down into the Reer the rest march up into the same ground wheeling to the right hand and following successively after face to your Leader Command Divisions wheel about to the right to the left flank Direction Face to the right and the out-most divisions wheel about to the right and march away unto the place of the left Flank the rest moving up into the same ground wheeling about to the right and following accordingly to your Leader Command Divisions wheel about to the right from the Reer into the Front Direction Face to the Reer and let the first divisions wheel about to the right and move up into the Front the rest marching forward into their ground wheeling off and following in like maner Command Divisions wheel about to the right to the right flank Direction Face all to the left and let the out-most divisions wheel about to the right and move forward to the right flank the rest marching up into their ground following after in the same kinde reduceth them CHAP. XI Counter-marches not fit to be used in the exercising of Regiments IT might be expected after Doublings that I should shew some kinds of Counter-marches amongst the Military Motions in the exercising of a Regiment but being of very little use or practise amongst Commanders in these times especially in such great Bodies for my own part I fancy them not therefore have passed them over pitcht upon such wheelings which by some are accounted counter-marches Whose judgements my desire is better to informe by these severall reasons following wherein and in what kinde they differ from them As thus by these wheelings they keep their distance in rank and file unto order and wheeling intire unto any hand down to the Reer cannot be performed but by gaining in the Motion before the Front and unto all places as they move so much ground as is the Length of their perticuler Divisions and in the execution thereof they still preserve the honour of the right and left-hand Tile-leaders and all others as are concerned in their perticuler Divisions unto any accidentall Front which they shal be brought unto Now concerning counter-marches they are to be performed either by single files ranks half-files or half-ranks and at their distance of open order their words of command having relation to all these perticulers Their counter-marching of Files to the Reer gaineth no ground before the Front in the Motion but onely the room of one perticuler File upon the right it preserveth not the honour of the right and left-hand File-leader at one time by any one word of command unto any of their Motions to such accidentall Fronts they shall make but ever loseth it to some and gaineth it to others And therefore it may appear cleerly unto any ingenious capacity that the former wheelings cannot be accounted or given in their Motions in that kind to the Souldiers for counter-marches
but by such terms as in their place are set down In the next place I shall speak something of the great benefit or use that may be made of these sorts of wheelings as first a Commander may use them in the Motions of Doublings to Front Reer right Flank or left or double either the length or depth of the Battail unto all needfull places as occasion shall require which I shall forbear to set down but leave them to the discretion of the ingenuous Souldiers practise when time and opportunity shall serve him to make use of them In the next place they are very necessary to draw off any part and to bring them unto such needfull places for Service as are in eminent danger Therefore passing over for present what might be more spoken of in this kinde I come in the next place to shew one Figure of Battail to fire upon and then conclude my Exercise upon this Regiment and go on unto the rest Command Pikes close Files to the right to order then let them in the Reer double their Front to the left intire Muskettiers advance forward untill your Front-Divisions exceed six foot the Front of Pikes the two inmost Divisions of Muskettiers in the Front move forward 20 paces and close inward to open order the two in-most Divisions of Muskettiers in the Reer face about and move down six paces and close inward to open order to your Leader Muskettiers upon the Flanks close to the Body of Pikes to your open order middle Divisions of Muskettiers in the Reer by each Flank face about middle Divisions of Muskettiers by each Flank move forward six foot cleer of the standing part face to your Leader and it will set forth the Figure as it stands in Folio 151. CHAP. XII Severall Firings to be performed upon the former Figure and how to be mannaged by the severall Officers THe Regiment being drawn up into the former Figure they may proceed to Firings upon it first let the Forlorns fire five or six times over being commanded by the eldest Captains Lieutenant who is to be assisted by a couple of able Serjeants after let him wheel them off to the right and left and bring them down in the Reer of the Pikes Then let the second Captains Lieutenant being assisted by two Serjeants lead up the reserves by the out-side of the Pikes at such time when the Forlorns begin to come off for the better securing of them from danger upon their retreat then let them move forward to their ground and give fire in like manner falling in the Reer of themselves and after wheel them off to the right and left and bring them down in the Reer of those Muskettiers that are behinde the Pikes Then let the Front and Reer Divisions of Muskettiers next the Flanks advance forward 12 paces the Muskettiers upon the right to be led away by the Captain Lieutenant and those upon the left by the third Captain being assisted by four Serjeants a piece let them fire the first Divisions some six or eight times over falling in the Reer of themselves then wheel them off to the right and left into the ground of those Divisions that follow them and facing again to their Front then let the Reer divisions advance forward into their places and give fire in like manner to the former which being ended let those four divisions be led down into their first places Then let the next eight divisions by the Pikes advance forward untill they be cleer of the standing part those four divisions upon the right are to be led a way by the Majors Lieutenant and the Captain Lieutenant Bringer-up and those four divisions upon the left by the Lieutenant Collonels Lieutenant and the third Captains Lieutenant assisted by 12 Serjeants then let them fire some halfe a score times the Front divisions falling in the Reer of themselves after wheeling off to the right and left into the ground of their Reer divisions they then moving up into their places may fire after the same manner and having ended they may be led down all again into their first places Then command the first divisions of Muskettiers to face about to the right and let them and the two last divisions move forward and range even a brest with those that stand before them and after face all to the Front then let the Muskettiers face outward and move 12 paces and after face again to the Front then move up those divisions that were the Forlorne hope to the right and left into the Front unto their first places and those that were the Reserves up even a brest with the Reer from whence they were first taken after let them fire in and even Front altogether some halfe a score times over and fall in the Reer of themselves then let the Collonels eldest and second Captaines move forward the Pikes and charge on if they please the Colours falling in the second rank being furled up and after let all order their Armes and reduce them into Companies again Reducement Left half-ranks of Pikes face about and move down untill you range even with the Reer divisions of Muskettiâ—rs face to your Leader Right half-ranks of â—ikes advance forward and range even a brest with the Front divisions of Muskettiers Files close to the left to order of each grand Division then they will stand in two grand Divisions as at first the one in the Reer of the other then draw up the second grand Division provided there be room upon the left of the first Then let a Serjeant of each perticuler Company draw off those 13 Files which before were taken off to ballance the Divisions into equall number and were appointed for the guard of the Ammunition or Baggage and being then to joyne with their own Armes with their Captaines Companies stands Which being done let every Captain draw off his own men being assisted by his Lieutenants and Serjeants and compleating them up into a Body as at first his Pikes to be flanked with Muskettiers they may after march away in single Companies after such manner unto their severall Quarters as shall be appointed to them by the Major and here I shall conclude concerning a Regiment of six Companies CHAP. XIII The manner of drawing up a Regiment consisting of seven Companies conteining in the four Captaines twelve Files of Muskettiers and six of Pikes in each of their perticuler Companies and in the three Field-officers sixteen Files a piece of Muskettiers and eight of Pikes which amounts to the number of 864 men IT hath been my observation in the City of London and the Suburbs thereof there being 18 Regiments nine of the Trained Bands and nine of the Auxiliaries that their Regiments in some have but six Companies others and that for the most part seven and again in some but a few to have eight Companies I shall therefore for the better satisfaction of such as remain unskill'd herein go through them all partly
Squadron to their Guard and to carry to prison such Offendours as his Captain or other superiour Officer shall commit to the Provost Martiall He is to see that the Muskettiers in time of skirmishing present all even a brest with their matches all cockt giving fire all together in good order and to direct them how to fall off and rally again in the Reer of their own divisions His duty likewise is to fetch Ammunition Powder Match and all other Materials for the Companie He is moreover every perticuler evening to attend at the place of Parade or at the Majors Lodging to fetch the word and carry it to his Captain Lieutenant Ensigne and Corporals and likewise as soon as he is come into his Guard he must direct the Corporals where to set out the Perdues and Sentinels and how to order his Watch. He must likewise make frequent Rounds and if he finde a Sentinell a sleep in the Field he is to commit him to the hand of Justice and thus much concerning the duty of a Serjeant Of an Ensigne AN â—nsigne being a Commission Officer in the absence of his Captain and Lieutenant is Commander in chiefe of the Company and ought to march upon the head of the same leading them with a half-pike His Captain and Lieutenant being present and upon a Stand his Colours ought to rest upon his side being held by his right or left-hand and unfurled upon the March his colours ought to be shouldered taking up the corner end of them in his right hand and to let them be halfe flying the Pikes and Muskets all conforming unto the same Posture Marching through a City for the more grace his colâ—urs may be wholly flying being advanced and held up by his right hand or resting upon his right side He ought to be a proper man grave valiant and discreet and to be well skill'd in the Postures of the Pike in respect he leads them and they expect from him to be taught the Postures thereof He ought to be well skill'd in all the lofty figures of the displaying of the colours above the head and to make use of them according to discretion and command which is not only a healthfull exercise to his body but also most becoming to him or any other Gentleman or Commander whatsoever that shall somtimes make use of the same although condemned through sloth and ignorance by others who will not take the pains to learn it An Ensigne upon a Troop lodging the colours or in time of skirmishing may fold them up and retreat into the second rank for the securing of his colours which he ought to stick by and not to stir from them at such a time although he hazardeth his last drop of bloud or makes them his winding-sheet When the Generall shall passe by or any such man of worth he ought a little to vaile his colours inclining the head or narrow end therof a little down-ward but not to bow his knee or uncover his head He may somtimes for his ease or recreation upon the March request some Gentleman of knowing trust of the Pikes to carry his colours for him untill such time as he shall come again for to take them In the absence of his Lieutenant when his Captain shall exercise the Company he may stick his colours in the ground or deliver them to some Gentleman of the Pikes and fall down himselfe in the Reer with a half-piâ—e or cane there to be an assistant to his Captain in supplying the Lieutenants place except his Captain should command him to the contrary He ought to have a Guard a long with him as well to the lodging of his colours as to any other place He ought to performe all courteous offices for the Souldiers unto his Captain which will gain him both love and reputation amongst them they thereby better respecting him and more couragiously following of him Of a Lieutenant HE that is a Lieutenant to a Company ought to be a good and able Souldier and well to understand the duty of a Captain in respect that in his absence he is as Captain and Commander in chiefe over them He is likewise to receive all Orders Charges and Commissions from his Captain assuming no authority unto himselfe but in the absence of his Captain he is to see all such Orders he hath received dutly executed for the better ease unto him He is likewise at such times frequently to exercise the Company in all their Military Motions Skirmishings and False-firings in the pan He is to hold the Serjeants and Corporals strictly to their duty causing them to provide all things necessary for the Company and to be assistants unto him where he shall see cause He is to teach and instruct the Souldiers in the use of their Arms and somtime for their ease he may command every file-leader to draw forth his file and to shew them their Postuâ—es By which means he shall do such good service to his Captain that when he shall exercise them himselfe he may finde them more apter and readier to fulfill his commands at which time the Lieutenant ought to be in the Reer and to see all things there truly executed according to the Captains commands He is in time of danger and great importance to advise with his Captain about the wel-fare of the Company for knowing his Captains intentions and purposes before hand he may be the better provided to withstand the furious on-set of the Enemy He ought to have the Ensigne and all other Officers of the Company as neer him as may be there being often times urgent businesse to make use of them as occasion shall require He must neither cashiere nor punish any man in the presence of his Captain but ought to make him acquainted therewith that he may punish the offendour by committing him either to prison or cause him to give recompence to the party wronged To conclude he ought to know how far his power doth extend either in the presence or absence of his Captain always demeaning himselfe so that he may gain the love of all the whole Company by acting those things amongst them as may be just and honest Of a Captain HE that is a Captain of a Company ought in respect he leadeth the same and is chiefe to appoint unto the Officers their severall places what divisions they shall lead and where they shall march and according to the number of files to make his divisions answerable thereto by dividing his Muskettiers as neer as he can the one halfe upon the right of the Pikes and the other upon the left For they being the Flankers ought equally to be ballanced but if there be an odd file it ought to be contrived and carried to the right In the Van Battail or Reer he must according to the number of his men order his Officers places and draw them off accordingly in as equall a way as they will afford He is as well as his own to know all
wheeling six to the right and six to the left untill they have brought their aspects unto both the flanks after face to their Leader Reducement Files rank 12 to the right and left inward into the Reer face all to the right and left about inward and begin the Motion from each file to rank six to the right and six to the left making up 12 a Brest in the Reer the rest following untill they have made six ranks in a Brest face to your Leader Command Ranks wheel to the right and left towards the reer Direction Face all about the out-side men are the hinges of this Motion who are to wheel from the reer to the right and left untill they have brought their aspects unto both the flanks face to your Leader Reducement Files rank 12 to the right and left inward the right-hand file is to begin to rank six to the left the left-hand file is to rank six to the right making up even a Brest 12 in number the rest doing the same Command Front and reer half-files wheel your ranks outward into both flanks Direction Half-files face about and front and reer half-files wheel outward into both flanks untill you have brought your aspects unto the right and left face to your Leader Reducement Front and reer half-files rank 12 to the right and left inward towards the midst of ranks front half-files face about and begin the Motion from the Bringers-up of the front half-files and the half-file-leaders ranking six to the right and left from each file making 12 a Brest face to your Leader Command Front and reer half-files wheel your ranks inward into both flanks Direction Half-files face about and march all untill you be at twice double distance in the midst then face all about to the right and wheel to the right and left untill you have brought your aspects unto both flanks by wheeling inward to them face to your Leader Reducement Files rank 12 to the right and left inward into front and reer half-file face about and rank in front and reer six to the right and six to the left making 12 a Brest after face to your Leader CHAP. XLVIII Of Ranks wheeling to the midst of Files Command FRont and reer half-files wheel your ranks inward to the midst of files Direction Half-files face about and front and reer half-files wheel your ranks to the right and left inward untill they face in opposition to your Leader Reducement Files rank six to the right and left outward unto the midst of ranks front half-files face about and rank six to the right and left outward reer half-files do the same to your Leader Command Front and reer half-files wheel your ranks inward into the midst of files Direction Half-files face about front and reer half-files march untill you have atteined twice double distance in the midst of ranks face all about to the right and wheele to the right and left inward into the midst of files to your Leader Reducement Files rank six to the right and left outward into front and reer half-files face about and front and reer half-files rank six to the right and left outward as before commanded to your Leader move forward and close your Divisions to your double distance CHAP. XLIX Of Ranks wheeling to both Flanks and into the midst at one and the same time Command FRont and reer half-files wheel your ranks to the right and left into They ought to be at more then open order in Ranks and at order in Files both flanks and the midst of files Direction Half-files face about to the right and the middle files and the out-most files upon each flank are the hinges of this Motion the rest are to wheel their ranks to the right and left towards both the flanks and to the midst of files face to your Leader Reducement Files rank six to the right and left inward to the midst of ranks and between the flankers and the middle files front half-files face about and rank six to the right and left inward towards the midst of ranks and between the flankers and the middle files the reer half-files doing the same face to your Leader Command Front and reer half-files wheel your ranks inward into both flanks and into the midst of files Direction Half-files face about and front and reer half-files march untill you be at double distance in the midst after face all about to the right and wheel your ranks to the right left inward into both Flanks and into the midst of files face to your Leader Reducement Files rank six to the right and left inward into Front and Reer between the flankers and the middle files half-files face about and rank six to the right and left inward to the reer between the flankers and the middle files the front half-files doing the same to the front after facing to their Leader and half-files move forwards closing their Divisions to the distance of the former ranks Having dwelt thus long upon this Subject of Inversion and Conversion occasioned thereunto by their great variety and difficulty in the performance of them I hold it convenient to give a breathing space unto the wearied Souldier whilest I in the mean time prepare further matter for his longing desire Yet before I enter in any other discourse of the Art Military I hold it requisite to give some admonitions to those that shall venture upon them For being very difficult they are not easily understood by every punie my advice therefore is to wave such things in time of Exercise which the Souldiers are unacquainted with providing for them such matter as is both plain and easie and being frequently practised in such he may after drill them on to harder till by degrees he hath brought them unto such perfection knowledge that they shall be able to perform and execute what is commanded not gazing upon one another as I have often observed neither knowing their Leaders meaning or if they did they are altogether ignorant how to fullfill his commands Frequent practise therefore makes the Souldier expert witnesse our gallant Souldiers and Citizens of London who are most of them so well grounded by frequent practise that their Lenders can scarce give a word of Command which is not easily apprehended by them they being in their Exercises so often inured to such difficult expressions as these of Inversion and Conversion CHAP. L. Of Counter-marches with their severall sorts and kinds affording much variety in time of Exercise THose which have a longing desire to be throughly knowing in this part or branch of Military Discipline must take notice of these foure sorts viz. Counter-marching of Files next of Ranks after the Front and Reer half-files and lastly of right and left half-ranks all which are performed either by intire or divisionall Counter-marches or else by the intire changing of ground and that by many ways the Front half-files with the Reer the right half-ranks with the left
their Aspects being to the Front Or you may command the out-most file upon the right to face to the left and so begin to lead untill he be cleer of the second file the rest doing the same untill they have all placed themselves on the out-side of their left-hand men their Aspects being to the Front which I conceive to be the easier way Command Counter-march your Flanks into the midst Direction Face to the right and left outward right-flank turn off to the right left-flank turn off to the left untill they meet in the midst to your Leader Command Right and left half-ranks counter-march to the right or left Direction Face all to the right the right half-ranks are to turne off to the right by themselves and the left half-ranks in like manner to your Leader Command The out-most File upon the right and the right-hand file of the left half-ranke stand the rest face to the right passe through and place your selves on the out-side of your right-hand men face to your Leader Command The out-most file upon the right and the right-hand file of the left half-rank face to the right and stand the rest passe through to the right and place your selves before your right-hand men face all to the right and the motion being ended face to your Leader Command The out-most file upon the right and the right-hand file of the left half-rank face to the left and stand the rest face to the right passe through and place your selves behind your right-hand men to your Leader Direction For these three last Counter-marches is for the moving part to begin to Countermarch who are the next files of the standing part and so to follow successively until they have performed the command and after to face to their Leader Command The right-hand file of the left half-rank and the out-most file upon the right stand the rest passe through to the right and place your selves on the out-side of your right hand men following your out-most files Direction The out-most files are to face to the right and to lead away untill they bee cleer of the next who likewise are to follow successively Command The out-most file upon the right and the right-hand file of the left half-rank face to the right and stand the rest passe through to the right and place your selves before your right-hand men Direction Face all to the right and the out-most files that were are to begin the motion placing themselves before their right-hand men the rest following successively to your Leader Command The outmost file upon the right and the right-hand file of the left half-rank face to the left and stand the rest passe through to the right and place your selves behind your right-hand men Direction The out-most files are to turn about untill they have brought their aspects unto the right-flanke then move away untill they be cleer of the second file and in like manner they are to turn off doing the same untill they have placed themselves behind their right hand men then facing to the left-about and after to their Leader to even their ranks and straighten their files Command Counter-march your right and left half-ranks from the midst Direction Face inward right half-ranks turn off to the right left half-ranks turn off to the left to your Leader CHAP. LIV. Divisionall Counter-marches of the right and left half-ranks Command THe outmost file upon each flanke stand the rest passe through to the right and left and place your selves on the out-side of your right and left-hand men Direction The rest face outward and begin the motion by the next files the others following in order and after to close their files into the midst to open order Command The out-most file upon each flanke face outward and stand the rest passe through to the right and left and place your selves before your out-side men Direction The rest are to face outward and the next files unto them that first faced are to begin the motion placing themselves before their out-side men after face to their leader and close files into the midst to order Command The out-most file upon each flanke face inward the rest passe through and place your selves behind your out-side men Direction The rest are to face outward and to passe through to the right and left placing themselves behind their right and left-hand men and after to move forward and close their divisions and face to their Leader Command The out-most file upon each flanke stand the rest passe through to the right and left and place your selves on the out-side of your right and left-hand men following your in-most files Direction The in-most files are to begin the motion moving away to the right and left untill they be cleer of their second files and then they are to move away successively untill they have all placed themselves on the out-side of their right and left-hand men and then close files into the midst to open order Command The out-most files upon each flanke face outward the rest passe through to the right and left placing your selves before your right and left-hand men following your in most files Direction The rest are likewise to face outward and the inmost files are to begin the motion the rest following in order untill they have placed themselves before their out-side men after face to the Front and close files into the the midst to open order Command The out-most file upon each flanke face inward the rest passe through to the right and left and place your selves behinde your out-side men following the inmost Files Direction The rest are to face outward the in-most files begin to move forward to the right and left the rest consequently doe the same untill they all stand behind their out-side men then facing to the right and left about closing their divisions by moving forward after face to the Front Command Counter-march your right and left half-ranks from the midst losing ground and placing your selves before your out-side men Direction Face inward right half-ranks turn off to the right and left half-ranks turn off to the left and move forward untill you have placed your selves before your out-side men after face to your Leader and close files into the midst to open order Command Right and left half-ranks interchange ground Direction Face inward and passe through to your own right-hand untill you bee cleer six foot each of other after face to your Leader and close files into the midst to open order Command Right and left half-ranks counter-march to the right and left and interchange ground Direction Face outward right half-ranks turn off to the right left half-ranks turn off to the left and march cleer each of the other after face to the front and close files inward to open order Thus much may suffice to be spoken of all the several sorts and kinds of Counter-marches which if any shall conceive my pains fruitlesse in culling out such plentie and varietie there being
so few of them practised among able and knowing Souldiers my best apologie will be the high and venerable esteem had of Antiquity necessitated me thereunto as also to give full satisfaction to the Leaders of our private Meetings who of late have laboured to inure their Souldiers in the full practise thereof made me the willinger rather to undergo the censure of some then to incurre the displeasure of many Yet by the way give me leave fully to declare my selfe concerning the use of them for my opinion is that of all the Motions tending to Martiall Discipline these may the best be spared as being of little use and not so much as practised abroad upon service and therefore the fewer of them any Leader shall use in his Exercise in my judgement he doth the better not spending time in needlesse speeches telling of his Souldiers that this is the Macedorian this is the Lacedemonian or Ocean Countermarch not to lie under the censure my selfe of mispending time I come therefore briefly in the next place to treat of Wheelings being a subject more profitable for the intelligible Souldier CHAP. LV. Of Wheelings with their severall uses HAving proceeded thus far in shewing all the severall sorts and kinds of Military Motions it will now in the next place be expected that I speak somwhat of Wheelings and as formerly so now to set before the Souldier their severall kinds and uses Wherefore take notice of two sorts Wheelings angular and Wheelings on the Center which latter is commonly called the Prince of Orange his wheeling being acted or performed by the Souldier two severall ways that is to say Intire or Divisionall Intire Wheelings to the Angles are when the Souldiers turn their Aspects from the front proper to either of the Flanks or Reer whereby they may give the winde or Sun or some like advantage bringing their best Souldiers thither for to encounter an Enemy For the better performance of this Motion it will be convenient to close Ranks and Files into the midst to order and to keep their due distance both in rank and file observing in their Ranks their right and left-hand men and following their Leaders always conforming themselves in their Motion to the most commendable Posture which is Pikes advanced and Muskets poysed Wheeling the Battail on the Center is when they are so straightened with ground that they have not room to wheel to the right or left as in the former which gaineth as much more ground before the front as formerly they stood on this wheeling brings their best Souldiers to either of the flanks or Reer I could wish that this wheeling were more oftner practised amongst us for by it the Souldiers are better kept together in their Motion being not so apt to flie out as in the former Divisionall Wheelings provided they have sufficient number of men are of singular good use to encounter severall Enemies at one and the same time which the front of our Battalia bringing our best Souldiers for to skirmish with them It is likewise usefull to bring either Arms into Front Reer or both the flanks for suppose the Muskettiers to be upon the flanks and fearing a desperate charge of the Horse to fall upon them by a Divisionall Wheeling the Pikes are thither brought to receive their on-set and in the mean space the Muskettiers have time to recruit their Bandiliers again much more might be spoken but my intent is not to fill my Book with impertinent discourses knowing what is already spoken is sufficient for the intelligible Souldier CHAP. LVI Intire Wheelings Command WHeel your Battail to the Right WHeel your Battail to the Left WHeel your Battail to the Right about WHeel your Battail to the Left about Direction The right or the left-hand men in the front are the hinges of these Motions the rest have a greater compasse to march then they to bring their Aspects unto the place commanded following their Leaders Command Wheel your Battail on the same ground to the Right Wheel your Battail on the same ground to the Left Wheel your Battail on the same ground to the Right about Wheel your Battail on the same ground to the Left about Direction The left half-ranks moveth forwards wheeling to the right and the right half-ranks contrariwise faceth to the left side-wise falling backward moving still unto the place commanded CHAP. LVII Divisionall Wheelings Command WHeel the Battail off by Division from the Front Direction Turn off to the right and left Command Wheel the Battail off by Division from the Reer Direction Face to the Reer and turn off to the right and left Command Wheel the Battail inward to the Reer Direction Open from the midst to convenient distance and turn off to the right and left Command Wheel the Battail inward to the Front from the Reer Direction Face to the Reer open from the midst and wheel inward to the front Command Wheel off the Body by Division from the right flank Direction Face to the right Command Wheel off the Body by Division from the left flank Direction Face to the left Command Wheel the Body inward to the left flank from the right Direction Face to the right and open outward to convenient distance to wheel inward to the left flank Command Wheel the Body inward to the right flank from the left Direction Face to the left and open outward to convenient distance to wheel inward to the right flank Command Wheel off your Front and Reer half-files by Division Direction Half-files face about and Front and Reer half-files turn off by Division Command Wheel your Front and Reer half-files inward to the midst of Ranks Direction Half-files face about and Front and Reer half-files open outward to convenient distance to wheel inward to the midst of Ranks Command Wheel off your Front and Reer half-files by Division from the midst of Rank Direction Front half-files face about and Front and Reer half-files wheel off to the right and left by Division Command Wheel Front and Reer half-files inward both to the Front and Reer from the midst of Ranks Direction Front half-files face about and Front and Reer half-files open from the midst to convenient distance and wheel inward into Front and Reer Command Wheel off your right and left half-ranks by Division Direction Face outward and wheel off to the right and left by Division Command Wheel your right and left half-ranks inward to the midst of files Direction Face outward and open to the right and left to convenient distance to wheel inward to the midst of files Command Wheel off your right and left half-ranks by Division from the midst of files Direction Face inward and cause them to move backward to convenient distance to wheel off by Division from the midst of files Command Wheel your right and left half-ranks inward to both flanks from the midst of files Direction Face inward and open to the right and left to convenient distance to wheel inward
outward or inward into the front and filing again as they were Thus much briefly of firings to the Front the Reer challengeth the next place where suppose all the Muskettiers to be in the Reer of the Pikes the Body marching Firings to the Reer 1 Fire to the right about falling in the front of their own Divisions left about falling in the front of their own Divisions 2 Fire and fall off to the right and left and rank with the first rank of Pikes into the front 3 Fire even with the Reer and fall off before the Front of your own Divisions of Muskettiers 4 Fire even with the Reer or last rank and fall off to the right and left with a swift Motion placing your selves 10 20 or 30 paces before the front of Pikes still facing to the Body and making ready again and opening to the right and left untill they be cleer of the Pikes 5 Fire by Introduction to the Reer twice over untill they come down even with the Reer and flank the Pikes 6 Fire to the right and left about to the Reer Ranks drawn forth and in again 7 Fire so the Reer every rank drawn forth cleer each from other and falling in again and flanking the Pikes 8 Fire to the right and left about files ranking downward to the Reer and filing as they were 9 Fire to the right and left about ranks ranking downward to the Reer and ranking as they were 10 Fire losing ground falling off to the right and left about just before the front of Pikes 11 Now if the Enemy pursue eagerly and that you candot make a safe retreat marching face all about and fire upon them by way of Extraduction or by half-ranks divided as formerly hath been shewn And thus much likewise briefly concerning firings to the Reer in the next place I shall Firings to the Flanks marching shew some firings to the flanks for performance whereof it will be expedient to bring all the Muskettiers upon one of the flanks but for order sake I will begin with the firings from the right flank 1 Fire to the right and gather up your files it is to be performed after this manner the out-most file upon the right is to face to the right and to give fire and after to face to the front and stand untill the next file have fired in like manner and then the first file gathers up unto him upon the right even a Brest and standing untill the third file have faced to the right and fired in like manner and after facing to the front the other files moving up in the like way as before and following successively this rule untill all have given fire and then to march up and even the front of Pikes the Muskettiers will stand as at first when they were brought upon the right flank 2 Fire to the right File-leaders leading up their files next to the Pikes 3 Fire to the right Bringers-up leading away next the Pikes which being twice done reduceth them 4 Fire to the right leading up on the contrary flank either by the File-leaders or Bringers-up 5 Fire to the right and leading up by Bringers-up between the Pikes and passing thorough to their places again doing the same reduceth them 6 Fire to the right and leading up between the Pikes by the Leaders and passing thorough the Pikes again to the right they will be as at first the like may be done to the left or in some kind to both flanks at one and the same time 7 Fire to the right by ranks wheeling and ranks to rank as they were to the right upon their marching reduceth them 8 Fire to the right by ranks inverting or filing and upon the March the Souldiers ranking reduceth them 9 Fire to the right files filing and gathering up their files to the left reduceth them These firings being performed marching the next shall be upon a Stand where note you must cast all your Muskettiers upon that flank where you conceive the Enemy will fall on whether right left or both but for order sake we usually begin with the right wherefore face to the right and proceed as followeth Firings to the right Flank upon a Stand. 1 Fire and fall in the Reer of your selves 2 Fire and flank the Pikes 3 Fire even with the Pikes and fall in the Reer of themselves 4 Fire even with the Reer moving forth to the right and left by ranks falling in the Reer of themselves 5 Fire by extraduction by half-ranks drawn forth and falling rank after rank in the Reer of the Pikes after to reduce them as at first cause them to double their front by Division These firings may as well be performed to both the flanks as to one the Body being faced accordingly which would make many firings more but these already set down may be sufficient for any ingenious capacity to work upon for the present observing this rule that in every firing he shall make use in time of his Exercise he may reduce them by another which will be more pleasing to the Souldier by reason of the great variety it affords unto them And now in the last place I know it will be expected that I should speak something of the use of firings wherefore briefly thus Firings to the front marching or moving when we either pursue after or approach to an Enemy Firings to the front maintaining ground when two Bodies encounter one another Firings to the front losing ground when either we are forced thereunto by necessity or that we do it out of policy to draw the Enemy into a train or snare Firings to the Reer marching when we are pursued by an Enemy yet would continue our March untill we have gained some place of importance or advantage Firings to the Reer upon a Stand when we are compelled thereunto by the violent pursuit of an Enemy or else when we have gained a place of advantage of ground or have recovered the winde or Sun whereby we are the better able to encounter with them Firings to the flank or flanks marching when we are assaulted by some Ambuscado secretly placed to hinder our passage or supposing two Armies are marching to one and the same place a river being betwixt them Firings to flank or flanks standing when the Enemy chargeth on with a resolution to cut off or divide part of the Army from the other Having thus briefly set down severall firings to front reer and both flanks with their uses either marching or standing I hold it convenient in the next place to give some short directions in time of Battail both to the Officers and their Souldiers First that the Drummers have a vigilant eye upon their Commanders whose voices are drown'd by the loud thundering of the Cannon or Muskettiers as also by the neighing of Horses or the lamentable cries of the maim'd and wounded Souldiers at which time the Leaders Staffe half-Pike or what else he carries in his hand
double their depth intire to the right they are reduced Then the Leader may appoint one of the Serjeants to draw off the Muskettiers and file them away to the right and left outward either by ranks filing or files filing and every Muskettier to poyse his Musket then the Pikes may advance their arms and the Drum beat a troop and the Commander may lead them away and lodg his Colours CHAP. XXVI The ninth Exercise consisting of 64 men eight files eight deep IN this Exercise a Commander may in matter of motions present unto the Souldiers fâ—rther varietie to delight them withall in bringing up each man into the Front to be a File-leader according unto succession and dignity by proper words of Command by doublings with their Reducement Therefore to avoid any further circumstance wee will pass over the Postures and fetching of the Colours and suppose the Souldiers standing in a condition to be exercised begin first to make them all File-leaders by succession as followeth Command Ranks to the left double Command Files to the left double Command Half-files double your front to the right Command Double your files to the right intire advancing every man placing himself before his leader Command Ranks to the right double Command Files to the right double Command Front half-files double the reer to the right Command Double your files to the left intire advancing Command Double your ranks to the right into the reer face all about Command Double your files to the left advancing Direction Every even file from the left move forward to the left and by three steps double the odde advancing Command Half-files double your front to the left Command Double your files to the left intire advancing every man placing himself before his leader Command Double your ranks to the left into the reer face all about Command Double your files to the right advancing Reducement Files rank to the right into the front Rank file eight to the right reduceth them Next followeth to make every man file-leader according unto dignity with their Reducement Command Bringers-up double your front to the left Command Double your files to the right intire advancing Command Half-files double your front to the left Command Double your files to the left intire advancing every man placing himself before his leader Command Bringers-up double your front to the right Command Files double your depth to the right Command Ranks to the right double Command Front half-files double your reer to the right following your leaders Command Double your files to the right by division every man placing himself before his leader and his bringer-up Command Front half-files double your reer to the left following your leaders Command Double your files to the left by division every man placing himself before his leader and his bringer-up Command The two first and the two last ranks double the four middle-most ranks to the right following your leaders and your bringers-up Direction The four middle ranks stand the file-leaders are to turn off to the right and the next rank is to follow them untill the leaders rank even with the bringers-up of the front half-files and at the same instant of time the bringers-up are to move forward to the right the rest following untill the bringers-up range even a brest with the half-file-leaders to your leader Command Files double your depth to the left Reducement Half-files double your front to the right Bringers-up double your front to the right Then divide every four files distinctly apart making five divisions Files double to the right and left inward in each division and close files into the midst to order Files double to the left intire advancing reduceth CHAP. XXVIII Eight severall Counter-marches with their Reducement Command FIles to the right hand counter-march maintaining ground Command Ranks to the left hand counter-march losing ground Command Counter-march your front and reer half-files into the midst of ranks Direction Half-files face about and turn off to the left and front half-files turn off to the right untill they meet the front and reer into the midst to your leader Command Right and left half-ranks counter-march into the midst of files Direction Face outward right half-ranks turn off to the right left half-ranks turn off to the left to your leader Command Files to the left hand counter-march losing ground by following your leaders Command Ranks to the right hand counter-march mayntaining ground Command Counter-march your front and reer half-files to the right and left following the half-file-leaders and the bringers-up of the front half-files Direction Half-files face about the bringers-up of the front half-files and the half-file-leaders are to begin the motion the rest are to follow untill they have gained so much ground beyond the front and reer as they formerly possest in the midst to your leader and close your divisions Command Counter-march your half ranks to the right and left by following of the inmost files Direction Face outward the inmost files are to begin the motion moving forward the rest following untill they have gained so much ground beyond the flanks as they formerly possessed in the inmost files to your leader and close files into the midst to order they are reduced CHAP. XXIX Ten severall Wheelings with their Reducement Command WHeel the battail off by division from the front Command Wheel the body off by division from the right flank face to the right Command Wheel the battail off by division from the reer face about Command Wheel the body off by division from the left flank Command Wheel your battail inward to the reer from the front Direction Open outward to convenient distance to your leader Command Wheel your battail inward to the left flank from the right Direction Face to the right and open to convenient distance to your leader Command Wheel your battail inward to the front from the reer Direction Face about and open to convenient distance and wheel inward into the front Close ranks forward to close order and files into the midst to close order Command Wheel your battail inward to the right flank from the left Command Wheel the outward angles of front and reer to the right and left about into the center face to the outward angles Command Wheel the inward angles to the right and left about from the center CHAP. XXX Plain firings and figures of Battail IN the next place I wil proceed to some plain firings wherefore first double your ranks forward to the left by half-files and fire even with the front of pikes fal in the reer of themselves then fire and fall between the Pikes then move forth after this manner one rank drawn forth to the right and another to the left fire fal in again as before Then command the first rank to stand and the rest to move forth both Pikes and Muskettiers to the right and left untill each rank be cleer of other then let the Pikes charge and Muskettiers give
to your Leader K. Command The four last Divisions face to the left the four first divisions face to the right move all untill you be cleer one of another then face to the right and march untill you range even a Brest in Front and Reer face to your Leader L. Command The two in-most divisions of Pikes stand the rest face inward march all untill the middle-divisions be three foot cleer of the Front to your Leader M. Command Front-divisions of Pikes face outward the rest face inward march all untill the Front-divisions range even with the out-most divisions of Pikes face to your Leader N. Command Front-divisions of Muskettiers face outward the rest face inward march all untill the Front-divisions of Muskettiers are cleer of the Pikes then stand and the six last divisions to face about and move three paces to your Leader O. Command Reer-divisions of Muskettiers face outward march all some six paces Reer division of Muskettiers face to the Front the rest face to the Reer and move untill the Reer-divisions range even a Brest with the Front to your Leader P. Command Front-divisions of Pikes upon the left face about march all untill that divisions be six foot cleer of the Reer then stand and Front and Reer-divisions of Pikes face to the left and move two paces to your Leader Q. Command Front-division of Pikes face about march all untill the Front-division of Pikes range even a Brest with the first division of Muskettiers to your Leader R. Command The two out-most divisions of Muskettiers face about out-most divisions of Pikes face outward move all untill the out-most Muskettiers stand streight with the Front-division of Muskettiers then face to your Leader S. Reducement Divisions of â—ikes face inward the three last divisions face about march all some six paces Front and Reer divisions of Pikes face to the left Muskettiers face about move all two paces to your Leader Divisions move forwards and double your Front close Files inward to order and Ranks forward to order double files to the left intire advancing reduceth them Thus much I conceive may be sufficient at one time for a Leader to exercise his Company with the Motions upon their Facings so that he shall not need to trouble himselfe with any more then Firings where first as is most properest we will begin with some plain Firings to the Front for the performance whereof let the half-files double their Front to the left and ranks and files close forward and inward to order The first firing Let them fire by Divisions drawn forth 10 or 20 paces and fall in the Reer of themselves The second firing Let the Muskettiers close their Divisions before the Front of Pikes and give fire and fall all off upon the right Flank The third firing The Body moving or marching let the out-most files face to the right and give fire and lead away by the contrary side of their â—ikes by the Leaders of the file the next file may doe the same and consequently all the rest untill all have fired then let them face to the right the Pikes in the interim charging on whilst the Muskettiers make readie again The fourth firing Let the Pikes open from the midst that the Muskettiers may come up between them two ranks may kneel down and the other two stand uppright and fire altogether the Pikes then charging and after retreating they may close again into the midst continuing their aspects to the right flank the Pikes may port and the Muskettiers may slieve up upon the right and left of the Pikes the first rank giving fire and presently falling before the front of Pikes the next rank doing the same falling still behind their owne Muskettiers and before the front of Pikes as they are then faced and having all fired after that manner they may fire again and flank their Pikes then facing to front and reer they may give fire to both places and fall off to the right and left and flank their Pikes from Front and Reer and after face to their leader Command â—iles open outward to open order Muskettiers close outward to order the inmost files of Pikes close outward to order ranks close to front and reer to order Reer divisions of Pikes face about Muskettiers face outward move all three paces to your Leader And now you have the figure of battail pointed out in the first place unto you by the alphabet The first firing Let them fire to the Front and fall in the Reer of themselves then wheel off to the right into the place of those Muskettiers in the reer they at the same time moving up into the front firing in like manner and moving down into their places again The second firing Let the reer divisions face about and after let them give fire both to front and reer and falling in the reer of themselves the Pikes may charge while the Muskettiers make ready again they may fire a second time in the same manner The third firing Face all to both flanks then let them give fire and fall in the reer of themselves the Pikes after charging on three paces and the Muskettiers retreating three paces after facing to their Leader preduceth this figure following The first firing Let the two first Divisions advance three paces before the Front give fire and fall in the Reer of themselves and after move down into the places of them in the Reer they at the same time moving up into their rooms giving fire in like manner falling downe into their places again this may be perform'd twice over after face them to Front and Reer The second furing Let them give fire their Divisions advancing three paces before the Front and Reer falling in the Reer of themselves the Pikes charging on and the Muskettiers retreating into their places again facing to their Leader Command Reer division of Muskettiers upon the left face about Reer division of Muskettiers upon the right face to the right Front division of Muskettiers upon the left face to the left Muskettiers march all cleer of the Pikes then stand after face them in their severall divisions to the left and move two paces to your Leader If you find by the words of command given to make the former figure that your divisions stand too thin you may face them all to the center and move forward every division two or three paces then face to their Leader The first firing Let the Front division of Muskettiers give fire and fall in the Reer of themselves after wheel off to the right into the room or place of them in the Reer they at the same time moving up into the Front firing and falling off in like manner this firing may be performed twice The second firing Let the Muskettiers upon the Wings advance forward three paces give fire and fall in the Reer of themselves after face about and move into their places The third firing Let the front division of Muskettiers move to the right two