seed_n need_v no_o ininclosure_n for_o cattle_n will_v not_o touch_v they_o except_o dear_a neither_o do_v it_o fear_v the_o plunderer_n either_o in_o the_o field_n or_o barn_n 2._o it_o be_v profitable_a to_o the_o sour_a i_o know_v that_o they_o usual_o value_v a_o acre_n at_o 10_o or_o 12_o l._n which_o cost_v they_o usual_o but_o half_a the_o money_n whether_o there_o be_v flax_n that_o will_v yield_v 30_o or_o 40_o l._n per_fw-la acre_n as_o some_o report_n i_o know_v not_o 3._o to_o the_o place_n where_o it_o be_v sow_v because_o it_o set_v many_o poor_a to_o work_v i_o wish_v it_o be_v encourage_v more_o in_o the_o north_n than_o it_o be_v because_o there_o be_v many_o poor_a who_o can_v willing_o take_v pain_n and_o though_o spin_v of_o linen_n be_v but_o a_o poor_a work_n yet_o it_o be_v light_n and_o may_v be_v call_v woman_n recreation_n and_o in_o france_n and_o spain_n the_o best_a citizen_n wife_n think_v it_o no_o disgrace_n to_o go_v about_o spin_v with_o their_o rock_n and_o though_o in_o some_o part_n the_o poor_a think_v it_o nothing_o to_o earn_v 4_o or_o 6_o d_o per_fw-la day_n and_o will_v as_o soon_o stand_v with_o their_o hand_n in_o their_o pocket_n as_o work_v cheap_a yet_o in_o the_o north_n they_o account_v it_o well_o to_o earn_v 3_o d._n or_o 4_o d._n by_o spin_v which_o they_o may_v do_v last_o it_o will_v be_v very_o beneficial_a to_o this_o nation_n and_o save_v many_o thousand_o pound_n i_o may_v say_v 100_o thousand_o which_o be_v expect_v either_o in_o cash_n or_o good_a commodity_n and_o we_o shall_v not_o be_v behold_v to_o holland_n for_o fine_a linen_n and_o cordage_n nor_o to_o france_n for_o poldavice_n locram_n canvas_n net_n nor_o to_o flanders_n for_o thread_n but_o may_v be_v supply_v abundant_o with_o these_o necessary_a commodity_n even_o at_o our_o own_o door_n there_o be_v no_o small_a deficiency_n in_o dung_v and_o manure_v land_n both_o because_o all_o that_o manner_n of_o manure_v and_o amend_v land_n be_v not_o know_v to_o every_o one_o land_n and_o also_o that_o they_o do_v not_o employ_v all_o they_o know_v to_o the_o best_a use_n i_o will_v therefore_o set_v down_o most_o of_o the_o way_n i_o have_v see_v here_o in_o england_n and_o beyond_o sea_n by_o which_o land_n be_v improve_v and_o the_o best_a way_n to_o use_v the_o same_o 1._o to_o begin_v with_o chalk_n which_o be_v as_o old_a a_o way_n as_o julius_n caesar_n time_n as_o he_o himself_o report_v in_o his_o commentary_n chalk_n be_v of_o two_o sort_n 1._o a_o hard_a strong_a dry_a chalk_n with_o which_o in_o kent_n they_o make_v wall_n burn_v lime_n and_o make_v whiting_a for_o house_n 2._o kind_a be_v a_o small_a unctuous_a chalk_n this_o be_v the_o chalk_n for_o land_n the_o other_o help_v little_a only_o it_o make_v the_o plough_n go_v easy_o in_o stiff_a land_n broomy_a land_n be_v account_v the_o best_a land_n for_o chalk_n and_o lime_n but_o it_o help_v other_o land_n also_o especial_o if_o you_o chalk_v your_o ground_n and_o let_v it_o lie_v a_o year_n or_o two_o which_o be_v the_o way_n use_v in_o kent_n that_o it_o may_v be_v mature_v and_o shatter_v by_o the_o sun_n and_o rain_n otherwise_o if_o it_o be_v turn_v in_o present_o it_o be_v apt_a to_o lie_v in_o great_a clod_n as_o i_o have_v see_v it_o twenty_o year_n after_o chalk_v also_o sweeten_v pasture_n but_o do_v not_o much_o increase_v it_o and_o killeth_z rush_n and_o broom_n 2._o lime_n which_o be_v make_v of_o divers_a fort_n of_o stone_n be_v a_o excellent_a thing_n for_o most_o land_n and_o produce_v a_o most_o pure_a grain_n 160_o bushel_n be_v usual_o lay_v on_o a_o acre_n but_o i_o suppose_v that_o if_o man_n do_v lay_v but_o half_a the_o dung_n on_o the_o ground_n as_o they_o usual_o do_v as_o also_o lime_n and_o chalk_n and_o dung_n and_o lime_n it_o often_o it_o will_v be_v better_a husbandry_n for_o much_o dung_n cause_v much_o weed_n and_o cause_v corn_n to_o lodge_v and_o too_o much_o chalk_n do_v too_o much_o force_v the_o land_n so_o that_o after_o some_o good_a crop_n it_o lie_v barren_a many_o year_n it_o be_v good_a husbandry_n likewise_o to_o lay_v down_o land_n before_o they_o be_v too_o much_o out_o of_o heart_n for_o they_o will_v soon_o recover_v otherwise_o not_o 3._o ordinary_a dung_n which_o every_o one_o know_v but_o let_v it_o not_o be_v expose_v to_o the_o sun_n too_o much_o nor_o let_v it_o lie_v in_o a_o high_a place_n for_o the_o rain_n will_v waste_v away_o its_o fatness_n it_o be_v observable_a that_o earth_n the_o more_o it_o be_v expose_v to_o the_o sun_n it_o be_v the_o better_a as_o we_o see_v that_o land_n be_v much_o better_v by_o oft_o ploughing_n for_o the_o sun_n and_o dew_n engender_v a_o nitrous_a fatness_n which_o be_v the_o cause_n of_o fertility_n but_o dung_n be_v exhaust_v by_o the_o sun_n as_o it_o appear_v by_o the_o fold_n of_o sheep_n which_o profit_n little_a if_o it_o be_v not_o present_o turn_v in_o therefore_o a_o shepherd_n if_o his_o time_n will_v permit_v shall_v turn_v up_o the_o ground_n with_o a_o how_o for_o to_o sow_v turnip_n as_o gardiner_n do_v for_o to_o sow_v i_o have_v see_v ordinary_a dung_n on_o dry_a land_n in_o dry_a year_n to_o do_v hurt_v and_o it_o oft_o cause_v weed_n and_o trumpery_n to_o grow_v 4._o marle_n it_o be_v of_o divers_a kind_n some_o stony_a some_o soft_a some_o white_a some_o yellowish_a but_o most_o common_o blue_a it_o be_v in_o most_o place_n in_o england_n but_o not_o know_v by_o all_o the_o best_a mark_n to_o know_v it_o be_v to_o expose_v it_o to_o the_o air_n and_o to_o see_v if_o the_o sun_n or_o rain_n cause_v it_o to_o shatter_v and_o break_v in_o square_a piece_n like_o dice_n and_o if_o it_o be_v unctuous_a or_o rather_o to_o take_v a_o load_n or_o two_o and_o lay_v it_o on_o the_o midst_n of_o your_o field_n and_o to_o try_v how_o it_o mend_v your_o land_n it_o be_v excellent_a for_o corn_n and_o pasture_n especial_o on_o dry_a land_n in_o essex_n the_o scour_n of_o their_o ditch_n they_o call_v marle_n because_o it_o look_v blue_a like_o it_o it_o help_v their_o land_n well_o 5._o snaggreet_v which_o be_v a_o kind_n of_o earth_n take_v out_o of_o the_o river_n full_a of_o small_a shell_n it_o help_v the_o barren_a land_n in_o divers_a part_n of_o surrey_n i_o believe_v it_o be_v find_v in_o all_o river_n it_o be_v well_o if_o in_o other_o part_n of_o england_n they_o do_v take_v notice_n of_o it_o 6._o owse_v out_o of_o marsh_n ditch_n have_v be_v find_v very_o good_a for_o white_a chalky_a land_n as_o also_o sea-mud_n and_o sea-owse_a be_v use_v in_o divers_a part_n of_o kent_n and_o sussex_n 7._o seaweed_n of_o all_o sort_n rot_v 8._o mr._n carew_n in_o his_o survey_n of_o cornwall_n relate_v that_o they_o use_v a_o fat_a sea-sand_n which_o they_o carry_v up_o many_o mise_n in_o sack_n and_o by_o this_o they_o have_v very_o much_o improve_v their_o barren_a land_n it_o be_v worth_a the_o while_n to_o try_v all_o manner_n of_o sea-sand_n for_o i_o suppose_v that_o in_o other_o place_n they_o have_v a_o like_a fertilize_a fatness_n 9_o fold_v of_o sheep_n especial_o after_o the_o flaunders_n manner_n viz._n under_o a_o covert_n in_o which_o earth_n be_v straw_v about_o 6_o inch_n thick_a on_o which_o they_o set_v divers_a night_n then_o more_o earth_n must_v be_v bring_v and_o straw_v 6_o inch_n thick_a and_o the_o sheep_n fold_v on_o it_o and_o thus_o they_o do_v continual_o winter_n and_o summer_n i_o suppose_v a_o shepherd_n with_o one_o horse_n will_v do_v it_o at_o his_o spare_a hour_n and_o indeed_o soon_o than_o remove_v his_o fold_n and_o this_o fold_n be_v to_o be_v continue_v especial_o in_o winter_n and_o do_v the_o sheep_n good_a because_o they_o lie_v warm_a and_o dry_a and_o true_o if_o i_o be_o not_o mistake_v by_o this_o mean_v we_o may_v make_v our_o sheep_n to_o enrich_v all_o the_o barren_a dry_a land_n of_o england_n 10._o ash_n of_o any_o kind_n sea-cole-ash_n with_o horse-dung_n the_o gardiner_n of_o london_n much_o commend_v for_o divers_a use_n it_o be_v great_a pity_n that_o so_o many_o thousand_o load_n be_v throw_v into_o waste_a place_n and_o do_v no_o good_a 11._o soot_n be_v also_o very_o good_a be_v sprinkle_v on_o ground_n but_o it_o be_v too_o dear_a if_o it_o be_v of_o wood_n for_o it_o be_v worth_a 16_o d_o or_o 2_o s_o a_o bushel_n 12._o pigeon_n or_o hens-dung_n be_v incomparable_a one_o load_n be_v worth_a 10_o load_n of_o other_o dung_n &_o therefore_o it_o be_v usual_o sow_v on_o wheat_n that_o lie_v afar_o off_o and_o not_o easy_a to_o be_v help_v it_o be_v
extraordinary_a likewise_o on_o a_o hop-garden_n 13._o mault-dust_n be_v exceed_o good_a in_o corn-land_n blood_n for_o tree_n also_o shave_n of_o horn_n which_o be_v carry_v many_o mile_n from_o london_n for_o this_o purpose_n as_o also_o the_o dust_n of_o malt_n 14._o some_o commend_v very_o much_o the_o sweep_a of_o a_o ship_n of_o salt_n or_o drossy_a salt_n and_o brine_n it_o be_v very_o probable_a because_o it_o kill_v the_o worm_n and_o all_o fertility_n proceed_v from_o salt_n at_o nantwich_n they_o use_v the_o dross_n or_o refuse_v of_o salt_n for_o their_o meadow_n with_o very_a good_a success_n 15._o i_o have_v see_v in_o france_n poor_a man_n cut_v up_o heath_n and_o the_o turf_n of_o the_o ground_n and_o lay_v they_o on_o a_o heap_n to_o make_v mould_n for_o their_o barren_a land_n brake_n lay_v in_o a_o moist_a place_n and_o rot_v be_v use_v much_o for_o hop-ground_n and_o general_o all_o thing_n that_o will_v rot_v if_o they_o be_v stone_n will_v make_v dung_n 16._o in_o new-england_n they_o fish_v their_o ground_n which_o be_v do_v thus_o in_o the_o spring_n about_o april_n there_o come_v up_o a_o fish_n to_o the_o fresh_a river_n call_v a_o alewife_n because_o of_o its_o great_a belly_n and_o be_v a_o kind_n of_o shade_n full_a of_o bone_n these_o be_v catch_v in_o wire_n and_o sell_v very_o cheap_a to_o the_o planter_n who_o usual_o put_v one_o or_o two_o cut_v in_o piece_n into_o the_o hill_n where_o their_o corn_n be_v plant_v call_v virginia-wheat_n for_o they_o plant_v it_o in_o hill_n 5_o grain_n in_o a_o hill_n almost_o as_o we_o plant_v hop_n in_o may_n or_o june_n for_o it_o will_v not_o endure_v frost_n and_o at_o that_o distance_n it_o cause_v fertility_n extraordinary_a for_o two_o year_n especial_o the_o first_o for_o they_o have_v have_v fifty_o or_o sixty_o bushel_n on_o a_o acre_n and_o yet_o plough_v not_o their_o land_n and_o in_o the_o same_o hill_n do_v plant_v the_o same_o corn_n for_o many_o year_n together_o and_o have_v good_a crop_n beside_o abundance_n of_o pompion_n and_o french_a or_o kidney_n bean_n in_o the_o north_n part_n of_o new-england_n where_o the_o fisher_n man_n live_v they_o usual_o fish_v their_o ground_n with_o codshead_n which_o if_o they_o be_v in_o england_n will_v be_v better_o employ_v i_o suppose_v that_o when_o sprat_n be_v cheap_a man_n may_v mend_v their_o hop-ground_n with_o they_o and_o it_o will_v quit_v cost_v but_o the_o dog_n will_v be_v apt_a to_o scrape_v they_o up_o as_o they_o do_v in_o new-england_n unless_o one_o of_o their_o leg_n be_v tie_v up_o 17._o urine_n in_o holland_n they_o as_o careful_o preserve_v the_o cow_n urine_n as_o the_o dung_n to_o enrich_v their_o land_n old_a urine_n be_v excellent_a for_o the_o root_n of_o tree_n columella_n in_o his_o book_n of_o husbandry_n say_v that_o he_o be_v a_o ill_a husband_n that_o do_v not_o make_v ten_o load_n of_o dung_n for_o every_o great_a beast_n in_o his_o yard_n and_o as_o much_o for_o every_o one_o in_o his_o house_n and_o one_o load_n for_o small_a beast_n as_o hog_n this_o be_v strange_a husbandry_n to_o we_o and_o i_o believe_v there_o be_v many_o ill_a husband_n by_o this_o account_n i_o know_v a_o woman_n who_o live_v five_o mile_n south_n of_o canterbury_n who_o save_v in_o a_o pail_n all_o the_o dropping_n of_o the_o house_n i_o mean_v the_o urine_n and_o when_o the_o pail_n be_v full_a sprinkle_v it_o on_o her_o meadow_n which_o cause_v the_o grass_n at_o first_o to_o look_v yellow_a but_o after_o a_o little_a time_n it_o grow_v wonderful_o that_o many_o of_o her_o neighbour_n wonder_v at_o it_o and_o be_v like_a to_o accuse_v she_o of_o witchcraft_n 18._o woollen-rag_n which_o hartfortshire_n man_n use_v much_o and_o oxford-shire_n and_o many_o other_o place_n they_o do_v very_o well_o in_o thin_a chalky_a land_n in_o kent_n for_o two_o or_o three_o year_n it_o be_v a_o fault_n in_o many_o place_n that_o they_o neglect_v these_o as_o also_o linen_n rag_n or_o ropes-end_n of_o the_o which_o white_a and_o brown_a paper_n be_v make_v for_o it_o be_v strange_a that_o we_o have_v not_o linnen-rag_n enough_o for_o paper_n as_o other_o nation_n have_v but_o must_v have_v it_o from_o italy_n france_n and_o holland_n 19_o denshyre_v so_o call_v in_o kent_n cambden_n where_o i_o only_o have_v see_v it_o use_v though_o by_o the_o word_n it_o shall_v come_v from_o denbighshire_n be_v the_o cut_n up_o of_o all_o the_o turf_n of_o a_o meadow_n with_o a_o instrument_n sharp_a on_o both_o side_n which_o a_o man_n with_o violence_n thrust_v before_o he_o and_o then_o lie_v the_o turf_n on_o heap_n and_o when_o it_o be_v dry_a they_o burn_v it_o and_o spread_v it_o on_o the_o ground_n the_o charge_n be_v usual_o four_o nobles_n which_o the_o goodness_n of_o a_o crop_n or_o two_o repay_v 20._o mixture_n of_o land_n columella_n a_o old_a writer_n say_v that_o his_o grandfather_n use_v to_o carry_v sand_n on_o clay_n and_o on_o the_o contrary_a to_o bring_v clay_n on_o sandy_a ground_n and_o with_o good_a success_n history_n the_o lord_n bacon_n think_v much_o good_a may_v be_v do_v thereby_o for_o if_o chalk_n be_v good_a for_o loamy_a land_n why_o shall_v not_o loam_n be_v good_a for_o chalky_a bank_n 21._o i_o may_v add_v enclosure_n as_o a_o improvement_n of_o land_n not_o only_o because_o that_o man_n when_o their_o ground_n be_v enclose_v may_v employ_v they_o as_o they_o please_v but_o because_o it_o give_v warmth_n and_o consequent_o fertility_n there_o be_v one_o in_o london_n who_o promise_v to_o mend_v land_n much_o by_o warmth_n only_o and_o we_o see_v that_o if_o some_o few_o stick_n lie_v together_o and_o give_v a_o place_n warmth_n how_o speedy_o that_o grass_n will_v grow_v 22._o steep_v of_o grain_n the_o ancient_n use_v to_o steep_a bean_n in_o salt-water_n and_o in_o kent_n it_o be_v usual_a to_o steep_a barley_n when_o they_o sow_v late_o that_o it_o may_v grow_v the_o fast_o and_o also_o to_o take_v away_o the_o soil_n for_o wild_a oat_n cockle_n and_o all_o save_o drake_n will_v swim_v as_o also_o much_o of_o the_o light_a corn_n which_o to_o take_v away_o be_v very_o good_a if_o you_o put_v pigeons-dung_n into_o the_o water_n and_o let_v it_o steep_v all_o night_n it_o may_v be_v as_o it_o be_v half_o a_o dung_v take_v heed_n of_o steep_v pease_n too_o long_o for_o i_o have_v see_v they_o sprout_v in_o three_o or_o four_o hour_n 23._o be_v the_o sow_v of_o course_n and_o cheap_a grain_n and_o when_o they_o be_v grow_v to_o plough_v they_o in_o for_o this_o purpose_n the_o ancient_n do_v use_v lupins_n a_o plant_n well_o know_v to_o our_o gardiner_n and_o in_o kent_n sometime_o tare_n be_v sow_v which_o when_o the_o cattle_n have_v eat_v a_o little_a of_o the_o top_n they_o turn_v they_o in_o with_o very_o good_a improvement_n for_o their_o ground_n last_o to_o conclude_v i_o may_v add_v as_o a_o main_a deficiency_n that_o though_o we_o by_o experience_n find_v that_o all_o the_o foresay_a material_n and_o divers_a other_o as_o oft-tilling_a husbandry_n season_n etc._n etc._n change_n of_o seed_n and_o land_n rest_v of_o land_n fence_v etc._n etc._n do_v cause_n fertility_n yet_o we_o be_v very_o ignorant_a of_o the_o true_a cause_n of_o fertility_n and_o know_v not_o what_o chalk_n ash_n dung_n marle_n water_n air_n earth_n sun_n etc._n etc._n do_v contribute_v whether_o something_o essential_a or_o accidental_a material_a or_o immaterial_a corporal_n or_o spiritual_a principal_a or_o instrumental_a visible_a or_o invisible_a whether_o saline_n sulphureous_a or_o mercurial_a or_o watery_a earthy_a fiery_a acreal_n or_o whether_o all_o thing_n be_v nourish_v by_o vapour_n fume_n atom_n effluvia_fw-la or_o by_o salt_n as_o urine_n embrionate_a or_o non_fw-fr specificate_n or_o by_o ferment_n odour_n acidity_n or_o from_o a_o chaos_n or_o inconfused_a indigested_a and_o unspecificated_a lump_n or_o from_o a_o spermatick_a dampish_a vapour_n which_o ascend_v from_o the_o centre_n of_o the_o earth_n or_o from_o the_o influence_n of_o heaven_n or_o from_o water_n only_o impregnate_v corrupt_a or_o ferment_v or_o whether_o the_o earth_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o divine_a benediction_n have_v a_o infinite_a multiplicative_a virtue_n as_o fire_n and_o the_o seed_n of_o all_o thing_n have_v or_o whether_o the_o multiplicity_n of_o opinion_n of_o learned_a philosopher_n as_o aristotle_n rupesc_n sendivog_n norton_n helmont_n des_n cartes_n digby_n white_n plat_v gla_fw-mi uber_fw-la concern_v this_o subject_n show_v the_o great_a difficulty_n of_o this_o question_n which_o they_o at_o leisure_n may_v peruse_v i_o for_o my_o part_n pare_v not_o venture_v on_o this_o vast_a ocean_n in_o my_o small_a bark_n lest_o i_o be_v swallow_v up_o yet_o if_o a_o opportunity_n present_v shall_v
natural_o in_o our_o island_n may_v be_v very_o serviceable_a to_o the_o husbandman_n both_o for_o his_o pasture_n and_o corn-land_n to_o instance_n in_o some_o few_o we_o see_v that_o divers_a sort_n of_o wild_a vetch_n chiche_n tare_n etc._n etc._n grow_v wild_a in_o divers_a place_n which_o though_o they_o bear_v not_o so_o great_a and_o large_a crop_n as_o some_o other_o already_o use_v yet_o who_o know_v what_o they_o will_v do_v if_o they_o be_v manure_v as_o other_o grain_n and_o in_o land_n proper_a for_o they_o for_o we_o see_v that_o the_o transplant_n of_o plant_n into_o garden_n do_v very_o much_o meliorate_v or_o better_v they_o and_o without_o doubt_v all_o those_o grain_n which_o be_v in_o use_n with_o we_o be_v at_o first_o pick_v out_o of_o the_o field_n and_o wood_n and_o by_o ingenious_a man_n find_v useful_a for_o man_n and_o beast_n and_o of_o late_a divers_a have_v be_v find_v not_o know_v to_o our_o forefather_n as_o saint_n foin_n lucern_n and_o why_o may_v not_o we_o find_v divers_a grass_n vetch_n medicae_n wild_a pease_n etc._n etc._n which_o as_o yet_o be_v scarce_o take_v notice_n of_o 2._o there_o grow_v divers_a sort_n of_o wild_a pease_n but_o to_o speak_v of_o two_o only_a 1._o sort_v which_o grow_v on_o the_o stony_a beache_n of_o the_o sea_n where_o there_o be_v little_a or_o no_o earth_n the_o root_n be_v many_o foot_n deep_a in_o the_o ground_n in_o queen_n mary_n day_n in_o a_o dearth_n the_o poor_a people_n gather_v divers_a sack_n full_a of_o they_o and_o they_o be_v no_o small_a relief_n to_o they_o who_o have_v try_v whether_o they_o will_v thrive_v better_o on_o better_a land_n 2._o sort_n grow_v on_o dry_a barren_a land_n and_o be_v common_o call_v the_o everlasting_a pease_n which_o continual_o grow_v out_o of_o the_o same_o root_n in_o garden_n i_o have_v see_v it_o grow_v ten_o year_n together_o and_o large_a at_o the_o ten_o year_n end_n then_o at_o the_o first_o i_o have_v also_o see_v it_o flourish_n on_o barren_a ground_n where_o oat_n be_v burn_v away_o who_o know_v but_o these_o and_o other_o plant_n may_v be_v serviceable_a if_o not_o for_o man_n at_o least_o for_o beast_n or_o pigeon_n for_o in_o new-england_n the_o great_a flight_n of_o pigeon_n be_v much_o maintain_v by_o these_o i_o be_o sure_a it_o be_v good_a to_o make_v experiment_n of_o these_o and_o divers_z other_o 2._o head_n be_v the_o ignorance_n of_o the_o mechanical_a use_n of_o herb_n and_o tree_n for_o even_o for_o these_o use_v most_o plant_n have_v some_o peculiar_a propriety_n to_o instance_n in_o a_o few_o we_o know_v that_o elm_n be_v for_o wheel_n and_o the_o best_a wood_n to_o make_v herring_n red_a oak_n be_v for_o shipwright_n joyner_n tanner_n hornbeam_n beech_n for_o milwright_n line-tree_n for_o bass-rope_n old_a elder_n without_o pitch_n be_v very_o tough_a and_o fit_a for_o clog_n of_o wheel_n tooth-picker_n pear-tree_n for_o mathematical_a instrument_n and_o ingraver_n etc._n etc._n osier_n for_o basket_n walnut_n for_o gunstock_n asp_n for_o hoop_n box_n ash_n for_o a_o hundred_o use_n and_o much_o more_o may_v be_v speak_v of_o this_o kind_n if_o time_n will_v permit_v so_o likewise_o divers_a plant_n be_v for_o painter_n as_o you_o may_v see_v in_o battee_n experiment_n some_o for_o the_o dyer_n but_o as_o yet_o we_o know_v but_o four_o viz._n woad_n will_v green-wood_n and_o mad_a among_o 1200_o plant_n and_o upward_a which_o grow_v wild_a with_o we_o i_o can_v wish_v some_o ingenious_a man_n will_v take_v the_o pain_n to_o search_v out_o the_o mechanical_a use_n of_o plant_n sure_o it_o be_v a_o good_a way_n to_o advance_v mechanic_n who_o in_o their_o calling_n usual_o go_v round_o as_o horse_n in_o a_o mill_n and_o endeavour_v very_o little_a to_o advance_v or_o know_v the_o cause_n of_o their_o operation_n i_o know_v a_o gentleman_n who_o promise_v some_o thing_n in_o this_o kind_n and_o i_o hope_v will_v be_v as_o good_a as_o his_o word_n 3._o head_n be_v the_o ignorance_n of_o the_o physical_a use_n of_o the_o plant_n for_o though_o many_o hundred_o plant_n do_v grow_v among_o we_o yet_o but_o few_o of_o they_o be_v use_v physical_o whereas_o there_o be_v scarce_o any_o one_o but_o may_v be_v useful_a in_o this_o kind_n and_o true_o in_o my_o opinion_n it_o be_v a_o great_a fault_n that_o we_o so_o much_o admire_v those_o thing_n that_o be_v far_o fetch_v and_o dear_o buy_v when_o as_o oftentime_o they_o be_v gather_v in_o unseasonable_a time_n and_o corrupt_v by_o long_a voyage_n by_o sea_n counterfeit_v by_o merchant_n yea_o we_o have_v very_o oft_o quid_fw-la pro_fw-la quo_fw-la and_o rank_a poison_n and_o neglect_v those_o medicine_n which_o god_n have_v give_v we_o here_o at_o home_n i_o be_o credible_o inform_v that_o in_o former_a time_n virga_fw-la aurea_fw-la be_v in_o great_a use_n with_o we_o and_o usual_o sell_v for_o eight_o penny_n per_fw-la ounce_n and_o bring_v from_o france_n but_o so_o soon_o as_o it_o be_v find_v grow_v plentiful_o in_o our_o hedge_n it_o be_v cast_v forth_o of_o the_o apothecary_n shop_n as_o of_o little_a virtue_n and_o though_o some_o will_v object_v that_o our_o plant_n have_v little_a virtue_n i_o say_v it_o be_v false_a for_o god_n have_v temper_v they_o for_o our_o complexion_n and_o we_o see_v very_o oft_o that_o one_o simple_a medicine_n do_v more_o good_a than_o the_o great_a composition_n of_o the_o ancient_n which_o be_v rather_o ad_fw-la pompam_fw-la then_o for_o health_n and_o seem_v to_o savour_v somewhat_o of_o the_o mountebank_n because_o opium_n be_v always_o a_o ingredient_n and_o further_o we_o see_v that_o where_o any_o endemical_a or_o national_a disease_n reign_v there_o god_n have_v also_o plant_v a_o specifique_a for_o it_o as_o the_o cochleare_fw-la or_o the_o scurvygrasse_n for_o the_o scurvy_a in_o the_o baltic_a sea_n where_o it_o be_v very_o frequent_a and_o also_o in_o holland_n england_n so_o in_o the_o west-indies_n from_o whence_o the_o great_a pox_n first_o come_v and_o where_o it_o reign_v very_o much_o that_o not_o only_a man_n but_o other_o creature_n be_v infect_v with_o it_o so_o that_o even_o dog_n die_v of_o that_o disease_n in_o our_o northern_a plantation_n perhaps_o catch_v this_o infection_n by_o mingle_v with_o indian_a dog_n there_o grow_v the_o specifique_n for_o this_o disease_n as_o gujacum_fw-la salsaperilla_n sassafras_n and_o the_o savage_n do_v easy_o cure_v these_o distemper_n further_o we_o see_v that_o even_o the_o irrational_a creature_n can_v find_v not_o only_a meat_n but_o also_o medicine_n for_o themselves_o as_o the_o dog_n couch-grass_n for_o a_o vomit_n the_o dove_n vervein_n the_o weasel_n rue_n the_o swallow_n celandine_n the_o toad_n plantine_n and_o where_o be_v our_o reason_n that_o we_o can_v i_o therefore_o desire_v all_o country_n people_n to_o endeavour_v to_o know_v these_o plant_n which_o grow_v at_o their_o door_n for_o god_n have_v not_o plant_v they_o there_o for_o no_o purpose_n for_o he_o do_v nothing_o in_o vain_a and_o to_o collect_v together_o the_o plain_a simple_a medicament_n of_o their_o grandam_n by_o this_o mean_v they_o may_v save_v many_o a_o forty_o penny_n i_o mean_v preserve_v themselves_o and_o family_n and_o neighbour_n in_o good_a health_n with_o little_a charge_n some_o small_a treatise_n have_v of_o late_o be_v write_v to_o show_v the_o use_n of_o our_o plant_n in_o physic_n and_o i_o hope_v ingenious_a man_n will_v daily_o more_o and_o more_o communicate_v the_o secret_n of_o this_o kind_n which_o they_o have_v in_o their_o hand_n for_o the_o public_a good_a they_o that_o write_v of_o fourfooted_a beast_n do_v reckon_v about_o a_o hundred_o and_o twenty_o species_n of_o they_o half_o of_o they_o be_v scarce_o know_v among_o we_o animal_n i_o do_v suppose_v therefore_o that_o divers_a species_n be_v want_v which_o may_v be_v useful_a to_o instance_n in_o some_o and_o 1._o to_o begin_v with_o the_o elephant_n the_o great_a wise_a and_o long_a live_v of_o all_o beast_n which_o abound_v very_o much_o in_o the_o eastern_a part_n of_o the_o world_n as_o china_n india_n and_o be_v account_v very_o serviceable_a both_o for_o the_o war_n and_o for_o carriage_n fifteen_o man_n usual_o ride_v on_o his_o back_n together_o they_o be_v not_o chargeable_a to_o keep_v why_o may_v they_o not_o be_v of_o use_n even_o here_o when_o i_o be_o credible_o inform_v a_o elephant_n live_v divers_a year_n here_o in_o a_o a_o park_n so_o that_o they_o can_v endure_v the_o coldness_n of_o this_o climate_n 2._o the_o buffle_n which_o be_v as_o big_a as_o a_o ox_n and_o serviceable_a both_o for_o the_o plough_n and_o for_o their_o milk_n their_o skin_n make_v the_o best_a buff_n they_o will_v fare_v very_o hard_a and_o live_v in_o fen_n and_o bog_n where_o nothing_o else_o
royal_a garden_n at_o paris_n as_o difficulty_n preserve_v in_o mompelier_n garden_n as_o orange_n olive_n etc._n etc._n be_v preserve_v in_o the_o cold_a country_n brosse_n as_o for_o occult_a propriety_n of_o the_o earth_n for_o sympathye_n and_o antipathy_n secret_a influence_n of_o planet_n benign_a aspect_n etc._n etc._n i_o understand_v they_o not_o but_o dare_v bold_o affirm_v if_o i_o have_v a_o convenient_a clime_n and_o a_o soil_v correspondent_a to_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o plant_n to_o cause_v any_o plant_n to_o thrive_v and_o prosper_v and_o this_o we_o see_v by_o experience_n that_o if_o rye_n etc._n etc._n be_v sow_v in_o a_o dry_a sandy_a ground_n whether_o in_o poland_n england_n new-england_n which_o be_v many_o thousand_o mile_n distant_a yet_o it_o will_v thrive_v and_o prosper_v &_o sic_fw-la de_fw-la caeteris_fw-la as_o for_o astrology_n to_o the_o which_o all_o in_o these_o day_n be_v too_o prone_a even_o gardiner_n and_o husbandman_n will_v be_v talk_v of_o the_o dark_a of_o the_o moon_n and_o of_o the_o increase_n and_o decrease_v of_o the_o solar_a and_o lunar_a eclipse_n and_o according_o dispose_n of_o their_o season_n of_o time_n to_o their_o great_a damage_n for_o i_o myself_o even_o by_o experience_n have_v find_v folly_n in_o these_o thing_n for_o thing_n sow_v in_o the_o great_a eclipse_n both_o of_o the_o sun_n and_o moon_n have_v thrive_v as_o well_o as_o other_o thing_n in_o the_o decrease_n as_o well_o as_o in_o the_o increase_n and_o therefore_o wish_v all_o man_n to_o sow_v their_o seed_n when_o the_o season_n appoint_v be_v come_v without_o such_o vain_a observation_n for_o this_o art_n for_o what_o i_o can_v perceive_v be_v no_o way_n demonstrable_a à _fw-la priori_fw-la for_o who_o can_v prove_v 12_o sign_n fiery_a watery_a domus_fw-la planetarum_fw-la dignitates_fw-la etc._n etc._n which_o be_v the_o main_a pillar_n of_o this_o art_n and_o à _fw-la posteriori_fw-la by_o calculation_n it_o be_v make_v more_o uncertain_a for_o though_o much_o be_v undertake_v by_o divers_a yet_o little_a be_v effect_v many_o untruth_n for_o one_o truth_n and_o little_o prognosticate_v but_o what_o a_o prudent_a man_n without_o advise_v with_o the_o star_n may_v foresee_v in_o brief_a i_o will_v declare_v my_o rude_a thought_n which_o perhaps_o will_v at_o length_n be_v find_v truth_n for_o light_n break_v forth_o a_o pace_n in_o the_o beginning_n the_o wise_a creator_n make_v two_o great_a light_n for_o the_o use_n of_o this_o sphere_n of_o the_o world_n the_o sun_n and_o moon_n the_o sun_n to_o enlighten_v and_o to_o warm_v and_o refresh_v all_o thing_n and_o to_o rule_v the_o day_n the_o moon_n to_o rule_v the_o night_n and_o to_o be_v for_o the_o distinguish_n of_o time_n and_o season_n the_o sun_n be_v the_o centre_n impart_v his_o light_n to_o the_o earth_n and_o moon_n also_o to_o venus_n and_o mercury_n for_o they_o be_v find_v by_o the_o selnescope_n to_o increase_v and_o decrease_v as_o the_o moon_n do_v and_o also_o it_o be_v probable_a to_o mars_n and_o jupiter_n and_o saturn_n and_o scarce_o further_a for_o the_o power_n of_o all_o create_a thing_n be_v finite_a as_o the_o moon_n be_v nigh_a reflect_v its_o light_n on_o we_o so_o its_o probable_a that_o the_o earth_n illuminate_v the_o moon_n mars_n jupiter_n saturn_n have_v their_o lunar_n or_o small_a star_n move_v about_o they_o which_o have_v late_o be_v discover_v the_o ancient_n know_v not_o thereof_o which_o its_o probable_a be_v for_o the_o distinguish_n of_o time_n and_o season_n for_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o those_o part_n those_o which_o we_o call_v the_o fix_a star_n be_v very_o great_a many_o of_o which_o because_o of_o their_o great_a distance_n can_v be_v discover_v but_o by_o the_o glass_n call_v the_o telescope_n and_o therefore_o sure_o have_v little_a operation_n upon_o we_o who_o be_v in_o another_o sphere_n so_o far_o distant_a from_o they_o and_o among_o these_o its_o probable_a some_o be_v solar_a body_n because_o of_o their_o twinkle_n other_o terrestrial_a which_o be_v replenish_v with_o creature_n endue_v with_o life_n by_o the_o fountain_n of_o life_n which_o creature_n do_v as_o the_o creature_n in_o this_o earth_n continual_o set_v forth_o the_o infinite_a greatness_n glory_n mercy_n and_o goodness_n of_o the_o creator_n brum_n and_o these_o word_n be_v even_o infinite_a for_o the_o infinite_a creator_n have_v make_v a_o infinite_a work_n worthy_a of_o so_o great_a a_o workman_n transcend_v the_o narrow_a capacity_n of_o frail_a man_n intellect_n and_o if_o thing_n be_v thus_o astrology_n be_v vain_a etc._n etc._n but_o i_o wonder_v some_o will_v say_v toto_fw-la coelo_fw-la but_o it_o be_v no_o matter_n ad_fw-la propositum_fw-la animadversor_n he_o be_v much_o mistake_v if_o he_o think_v that_o those_o thing_n reckon_v up_o page_n 82._o will_v prosper_v in_o england_n especial_o rice_n cork_n scarlet_n oak_n i_o answer_v perhaps_o not_o much_o mistake_v thing_n far_o improbable_a have_v succeed_v and_o again_o i_o aver_v that_o i_o believe_v they_o will_v and_o shall_v believe_v so_o till_o experience_n prove_v the_o contrary_n and_o first_o for_o rice_n which_o first_o come_v from_o babylon_n and_o the_o east-indye_n and_o be_v in_o those_o place_n their_o usual_a bread_n where_o they_o have_v usual_o two_o or_o three_o crop_n every_o year_n yet_o we_o see_v it_o can_v condescend_v now_o to_o grow_v in_o the_o north_n part_n of_o italy_n in_o lombardy_n yea_o it_o have_v step_v over_o the_o mountain_n and_o be_v come_v even_o as_o far_o as_o tours_n which_o be_v in_o the_o midst_n of_o france_n where_o it_o growth_n and_o especial_o delight_v in_o moist_a morish_a ground_n also_o if_o may_v believe_v parkinson_n a_o good_a and_o painful_a botanic_n either_o rice_n or_o some_o thing_n so_o like_o rice_n that_o he_o put_v it_o in_o the_o same_o chapter_n with_o it_o grow_v in_o germany_n and_o therefore_o i_o question_v not_o but_o we_o in_o england_n may_v have_v one_o good_a crop_n of_o this_o grain_n in_o our_o morish_a land_n yearly_o for_o the_o reason_n that_o this_o will_v thrive_v with_o we_o to_o i_o be_v more_o strong_a than_o that_o coriander_n sweet-fennel_n caraway_n canary-grass_n the_o great-cane_n etc._n etc._n will_v thrive_v and_o yet_o these_o of_o late_o begin_v to_o flourish_v with_o we_o very_o well_o cork-tree_n i_o very_o little_a question_n the_o growth_n of_o this_o for_o first_o these_o tree_n grow_v abundant_o in_o biscay_n a_o country_n far_o cold_a than_o england_n where_o the_o summer_n also_o scarce_o mature_a the_o grape_n likewise_o they_o grow_v in_o the_o north_n of_o new-england_n at_o parcato-way_n further_o that_o tree_n be_v a_o great_a hardy_a bear_v acorn_n and_o leave_v like_a to_o a_o oak_n that_o one_o may_v easy_o be_v deceive_v by_o it_o and_o mistake_v it_o for_o the_o common_a oak_n scarlet_a oak_n i_o hope_v i_o shall_v make_v it_o very_o probable_a that_o even_o this_o also_o may_v flourish_v in_o our_o isle_n in_o latin_a it_n be_v call_v ilex_fw-la of_o which_o there_o be_v divers_a sort_n some_o great_a some_o less_o some_o more_o some_o less_o beautiful_a the_o great_a sort_n which_o indeed_o bear_v little_a of_o the_o cherme_n grow_v very_o well_o in_o england_n to_o a_o great_a tree_n and_o bear_v acorn_n one_o of_o which_o i_o have_v see_v at_o whitehall-gate_n 2._o master_n parkinson_n report_v that_o in_o new-england_n and_o virginia_n etc._n etc._n the_o small_a ilex_fw-la which_o be_v fruitful_a of_o cherme_n if_o it_o be_v cultivate_v grow_v natural_o 3._o this_o scarlet_a oak_n grow_v not_o only_o in_o languedock_n and_o the_o hot_a part_n of_o france_n but_o i_o have_v see_v it_o also_o in_o paris_n royal_a garden_n grow_v without_o much_o art_n or_o industry_n 4._o divers_a plant_n though_o at_o first_o they_o difficult_o thrive_v yet_o when_o they_o be_v habituate_v to_o the_o country_n and_o to_o cast_v their_o seed_n there_o thrive_v well_o thus_o i_o 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upon_o this_o alphabet_n of_o interrogatory_n and_o consider_v what_o answer_v your_o observation_n will_v afford_v unto_o they_o or_o what_o you_o can_v learn_v from_o the_o observation_n of_o other_o to_o clear_v they_o and_o as_o you_o have_v opportunity_n do_v as_o my_o friend_n from_o paris_n have_v do_v furnish_v i_o with_o what_o god_n providence_n shall_v send_v unto_o your_o hand_n that_o as_o i_o have_v begin_v i_o may_v put_v it_o out_o to_o use_v and_o requite_v you_o more_o plentiful_o as_o i_o hope_v i_o shall_v be_v able_a to_o do_v with_o the_o increase_n which_o it_o shall_v yield_v by_o this_o way_n of_o trading_n which_o i_o have_v take_v up_o free_o to_o bestow_v my_o pain_n and_o cost_n upon_o other_o that_o all_o may_v see_v the_o goodness_n of_o god_n in_o the_o work_n of_o his_o hand_n and_o have_v cause_n to_o be_v thankful_a unto_o he_o for_o the_o same_o and_o that_o so_o many_o eminent_a talent_n which_o god_n have_v put_v into_o your_o hand_n may_v not_o see_v he_o have_v give_v you_o a_o heart_n to_o use_v they_o lie_v idle_a for_o want_n of_o object_n and_o sit_v commodity_n wherewithal_o to_o be_v trade_v with_o he_o who_o subscribe_v himself_o always_o sir_n your_o very_o much_o oblige_v and_o assure_a friend_n to_o serve_v you_o samuel_n hartlib_n a_o large_a letter_n concern_v the_o defect_n and_o remedy_n of_o english_a husbandry_n write_v to_o mr._n samuel_n hartlib_n sir_n according_a to_o your_o desire_n i_o have_v send_v you_o what_o i_o have_v observe_v in_o france_n about_o the_o sow_v of_o a_o seed_n call_v common_o saint_n foin_n which_o in_o english_a be_v as_o much_o to_o say_v as_o holy-hay_a by_o reason_n as_o i_o suppose_v of_o the_o excellency_n of_o it_o it_o be_v call_v by_o parkinson_n in_o his_o herbal_a where_o you_o may_v see_v a_o perfect_a description_n of_o it_o cnobrychis_n vulgaris_fw-la or_o cock_n head_n because_o of_o its_o flower_n or_o medick_n fetchling_n by_o some_o it_o be_v call_v polygala_n because_o it_o cause_v cattle_n to_o give_v abundance_n of_o milk_n the_o plant_n most_o like_a unto_o it_o and_o common_o know_v be_v frequent_o sow_v in_o garden_n be_v that_o which_o be_v call_v french_a honeysuckle_n and_o be_v a_o kind_n of_o it_o though_o not_o the_o same_o france_n although_o it_o be_v suppose_v to_o want_v the_o few_o thing_n of_o any_o province_n in_o europe_n yet_o it_o have_v no_o small_a want_n of_o hay_o especial_o about_o paris_n which_o have_v necessitate_v they_o to_o sow_v their_o dry_a and_o barren_a land_n with_o this_o seed_n their_o manner_n of_o sow_v it_o be_v do_v most_o common_o thus_o when_o they_o intend_v to_o let_v their_o corn-land_n lie_v because_o they_o be_v out_o of_o heart_n and_o not_o situate_a in_o a_o place_n convenient_a for_o manure_v than_o they_o sow_v that_o land_n with_o oat_n and_o these_o seed_n together_o about_o equal_a part_n the_o first_o year_n they_o only_o mow_v off_o their_o oat_n leave_v the_o saint_n foin_v to_o take_v root_n and_o strength_n that_o year_n yet_o they_o may_v if_o they_o please_v when_o the_o year_n be_v seasonable_a mow_v it_o the_o same_o year_n it_o be_v sow_v but_o it_o be_v not_o the_o best_a way_n to_o do_v so_o the_o year_n follow_v they_o mow_v it_o and_o so_o do_v seven_o year_n together_o the_o ordinary_a burden_n be_v about_o a_o load_n or_o a_o load_n and_o a_o half_a in_o good_a year_n upon_o a_o arpent_n which_o be_v 100_o square_a pole_n or_o rod_n every_o pole_n or_o rod_n be_v 20_o foot_n wuich_a quantity_n of_o ground_n be_v nigh_o a_o four_o part_v less_o than_o a_o english_a acre_n within_o a_o league_n of_o paris_n be_v usual_o rent_v at_o 6_o or_o 7_o s._n after_o the_o land_n have_v rest_v 7_o year_n then_o they_o usual_o break_v it_o up_o and_o sow_v it_o with_o corn_n till_o it_o be_v out_o of_o heart_n and_o then_o sow_v it_o with_o saint_n foin_v as_o former_o for_o it_o do_v not_o impoverish_v land_n as_o annual_a plant_n do_v but_o after_o seven_o year_n the_o root_n of_o this_o plant_n be_v great_a and_o sweet_a as_o the_o root_n of_o locorish_a do_v rot_v be_v turn_v up_o by_o the_o plough_n and_o enrich_v the_o land_n i_o have_v see_v it_o sow_v in_o divers_a place_n here_o in_o england_n especial_o in_o cobham-park_n in_o kent_n about_z 4_o mile_n from_o gravesend_n where_o it_o have_v thrive_v extraordinary_a well_o upon_o dry_a chalky_a bank_n where_o nothing_o else_o will_v grow_v and_o indeed_o such_o dry_a barren_a land_n be_v most_o proper_a for_o it_o as_o moist_a rich_a land_n for_o the_o great_a trefoil_n or_o great_a clover-grass_n although_o it_o will_v grow_v indifferent_o well_o on_o all_o land_n and_o when_o the_o other_o grass_n and_o plant_n be_v destroy_v by_o the_o parch_a heat_n of_o the_o sun_n because_o their_o root_n be_v small_a and_o shallow_a this_o flourish_v very_o much_o have_v a_o very_a great_a root_n and_o deep_a in_o the_o ground_n and_o therefore_o not_o easy_o to_o be_v exsiccate_v as_o we_o 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therefore_o they_o be_v to_o be_v blame_v who_o with_o one_o plough_v sow_n this_o or_o other_o seed_n for_o the_o grass_n present_o grow_v up_o and_o choke_v they_o and_o so_o their_o negligence_n and_o ill_a husbandry_n discourage_v themselves_o and_o other_o 2._o let_v they_o not_o be_v too_o spare_v of_o their_o seed_n for_o the_o more_o they_o sow_v the_o close_o and_o thick_a they_o will_v grow_v and_o present_o full_o stock_n the_o ground_n that_o nothing_o else_o can_v grow_v and_o further_o the_o seed_n which_o come_v from_o beyond_o the_o sea_n be_v oftentimes_o old_a and_o much_o decay_v and_o therefore_o the_o more_o seed_n be_v require_v 3._o not_o to_o expect_v above_o 7_o year_n profit_n by_o it_o for_o in_o that_o time_n it_o will_v decay_v and_o the_o natural_a grass_n will_v prevail_v over_o it_o for_o every_o plant_n have_v its_o period_n some_o in_o one_o year_n some_o in_o 2._o as_o will_v cole_n rape_n wade_n etc._n etc._n other_o in_o 3._o as_o the_o common_a thistle_n etc._n etc._n and_o therefore_o after_o 7_o year_n let_v they_o either_o plough_v the_o land_n up_o and_o sow_v it_o with_o that_o same_o seed_n again_o or_o with_o other_o grain_n as_o they_o do_v in_o france_n 4._o let_v not_o sheep_n or_o other_o cattle_n bite_v they_o the_o first_o year_n that_o they_o may_v be_v well_o root_v for_o these_o grass_n be_v far_o sweet_a than_o the_o ordinary_a grass_n and_o cattle_n will_v eat_v they_o down_o leave_v the_o other_o and_o consequent_o discourage_v their_o growth_n 5._o the_o best_a way_n if_o man_n will_v be_v at_o the_o charge_n be_v to_o make_v their_o ground_n very_o fine_a as_o they_o do_v when_o they_o be_v to_o sow_v barley_n and_o harrow_v it_o even_o and_o then_o to_o how_o these_o seed_n in_o alone_a without_o any_o other_o grain_n as_o the_o gardiner_n do_v pease_n yet_o not_o at_o so_o great_a a_o distance_n but_o let_v they_o make_v the_o range_v about_o a_o foot_n breadth_n one_o from_o another_o and_o they_o shall_v see_v their_o grass_n flourish_v as_o if_o they_o be_v green_a pease_n especial_o if_o they_o draw_v the_o how_o through_o they_o once_o or_o twice_o that_o summer_n to_o destroy_v all_o the_o weed_n and_o grass_n and_o if_o they_o do_v thus_o the_o great_a clover_n and_o other_o seed_n may_v be_v mow_v even_o twice_o the_o first_o year_n as_o i_o have_v experiment_v in_o divers_a small_a plot_n of_o ground_n there_o be_v at_o paris_n likewise_o another_o sort_n of_o fodder_n which_o they_o call_v la_fw-fr lucern_n which_o be_v not_o inferior_a but_o rather_o prefer_v before_o this_o saint_n foin_n for_o dry_a &_o barren_a ground_n which_o have_v be_v late_o bring_v thither_o and_o be_v manage_v as_o
beast_n that_o have_v not_o be_v long_o use_v to_o it_o but_o must_v ever_o be_v mix_v with_o straw_n or_o with_o some_o other_o hay_n for_o otherwise_o it_o over-heateth_a they_o and_o fill_v they_o too_o much_o with_o blood_n and_o that_o so_o sudden_o as_o it_o great_o indanger_v their_o health_n and_o their_o life_n too_o which_o it_o do_v principal_o to_o cow_n to_o who_o it_o be_v more_o dangerous_a if_o too_o plentiful_o give_v then_o to_o any_o other_o cattle_n after_o the_o last_o cut_n you_o may_v let_v your_o cattle_n graze_v on_o your_o lucâ—rn-fields_n and_o that_o all_o winter_n long_o until_o the_o beginning_n or_o middle_n of_o march._n of_o once_o sow_v you_o will_v have_v your_o meadow_n continue_v good_a for_o ten_o or_o twelve_o year_n and_o until_o fifteen_o and_o afterward_o too_o it_o will_v still_o continue_v to_o bear_v but_o the_o herb_n will_v then_o notable_o decay_v in_o goodness_n wherefore_o it_o be_v best_o then_o to_o turn_v it_o to_o some_o other_o use_n cow_n must_v never_o eat_v of_o this_o herb_n green_a but_o only_o dry_v and_o that_o moderate_o too_o as_o have_v be_v say_v but_o horse_n eat_v their_o fill_n of_o it_o green_a in_o the_o spring_n be_v purge_v thereby_o and_o grow_v fat_a by_o it_o in_o eight_o or_o ten_o day_n time_n if_o one_o desire_v to_o have_v of_o the_o grain_n one_o may_v let_v such_o a_o proportion_n of_o the_o meadow_n as_o one_o will_n grow_v up_o to_o seed_n after_o the_o second_o cut_v any_o year_n except_o the_o first_o only_a and_o when_o the_o seed_n be_v ripe_a the_o top_n of_o the_o herb_n with_o the_o cod_n wherein_o the_o seed_n be_v enclose_v must_v be_v cut_v in_o a_o dewy_a morning_n and_o put_v into_o sheet_n for_o fear_v of_o lose_v the_o seed_n and_o must_v be_v beat_v out_o with_o flail_n upon_o the_o same_o when_o that_o it_o be_v well_o dry_a and_o afterward_o the_o remain_a part_n of_o the_o herb_n must_v be_v mow_v close_o to_o the_o ground_n after_o which_o it_o continue_v to_o sprout_v out_o again_o after_o the_o usual_a manner_n the_o hay_n thereof_o will_v keep_v good_a two_o or_o three_o year_n and_o on_o acre_n be_v sufficient_a to_o keep_v three_o horse_n all_o the_o year_n long_o a_o postscript_n to_o the_o last_o answer_n concern_v the_o lucern_n sir_n the_o gentleman_n who_o have_v give_v i_o the_o note_n about_o the_o lucern_n have_v tell_v i_o since_o two_o particular_n more_o which_o he_o have_v forget_v to_o put_v into_o it_o the_o one_o that_o not_o only_o to_o other_o cattle_n but_o even_o to_o the_o horse_n with_o who_o that_o hay_n agree_v best_a of_o all_o other_o beast_n it_o be_v not_o to_o be_v give_v but_o in_o winter_n because_o that_o in_o the_o summer_n it_o will_v too_o much_o heat_v their_o blood_n and_o the_o other_o that_o this_o hay_n must_v be_v perfect_o well_o dry_v before_o it_o be_v carry_v off_o the_o ground_n and_o to_o that_o end_n turn_v very_o often_o because_o that_o be_v put_v up_o with_o any_o the_o least_o moisture_n it_o will_v quite_o spoil_v much_o more_o than_o any_o other_o hay_n now_o these_o and_o all_o the_o other_o particular_n which_o i_o have_v have_v from_o the_o gentleman_n have_v be_v confirm_v to_o i_o by_o many_o other_o and_o yet_o within_o these_o two_o or_o three_o day_n i_o meet_v with_o a_o physician_n of_o rochel_n who_o assure_v i_o that_o the_o lucern_n be_v very_o common_a in_o his_o country_n make_v i_o a_o relation_n of_o it_o agree_v with_o the_o former_a only_o in_o these_o three_o point_n viz._n that_o of_o once_o sow_v it_o will_v continue_v ten_o or_o twelve_o year_n that_o it_o be_v cut_v twice_o a_o year_n serve_v afterward_o for_o pasture_n all_o winter_n and_o that_o it_o wonderful_o fatten_v all_o kind_n of_o cattle_n but_o very_o much_o different_a from_o it_o in_o all_o the_o other_o and_o in_o some_o of_o they_o pointblank_o contrary_a to_o it_o for_o he_o say_v that_o it_o be_v to_o be_v sow_v in_o the_o begin_n of_o march_n that_o it_o desire_v a_o temperate_a ground_n but_o rather_o dry_a then_o wet_a and_o no_o way_n fat_a nor_o clayish_a but_o stony_a and_o gravelly_a that_o it_o need_v not_o be_v mix_v with_o any_o other_o hay_n but_o may_v be_v give_v alone_o and_o all_o the_o year_n long_o in_o summer_n as_o well_o as_o winter_n not_o only_o to_o horse_n but_o to_o cow_n and_o other_o cattle_n he_o add_v that_o the_o proportion_n of_o the_o seed_n be_v the_o charge_n of_o a_o porter_n for_o four_o arpâ—nts_n or_o french_a acre_n which_o particular_n i_o think_v good_a to_o impart_v unto_o you_o that_o your_o friend_n compare_v they_o with_o the_o other_o may_v make_v his_o best_a profit_n of_o they_o and_o this_o rochellois_n or_o rosheller_n who_o have_v live_v three_o or_o four_o year_n in_o england_n think_v that_o lucern_n will_v come_v admirable_o well_o in_o that_o country_n note_n the_o meaning_n of_o these_o word_n the_o quantity_n of_o the_o seed_n be_v the_o six_o part_n of_o corn_n that_o the_o same_o ground_n will_v require_v be_v this_o that_o whatever_o quantity_n of_o wheat_n or_o barley_n a_o acre_n of_o ground_n will_v require_v of_o the_o seed_n of_o lucern_n you_o must_v take_v but_o the_o six_o part_n of_o that_o quantity_n of_o the_o seed_n of_o lucern_n so_o as_o that_o ground_n which_o for_o its_o sow_v require_v six_o bushel_n of_o corn_n do_v require_v buâ—_n one_o bushel_n of_o lucern-seed_n and_o arpent_v the_o â—errâ—_n which_o how_o much_o it_o be_v in_o english_a measure_n coâ—grave's_n dictionary_n will_v perfect_o tell_v you_o require_v â—en_o pound_n of_o that_o seed_n as_o several_a grain-seller_n of_o who_o i_o go_v to_o inquire_v for_o it_o have_v unanimous_o tell_v i_o the_o seed_n be_v exceed_v small_a and_o to_o be_v sow_v wonderful_o thin_a as_o for_o saint_n foin_v or_o holy_a hay_n i_o have_v see_v it_o grow_v here_o about_o paris_n in_o several_a place_n in_o rich_a fat_a ground_n and_o those_o both_o high_a and_o dry_a and_o other_o low_a and_o marshy_a it_o be_v cut_v but_o once_o a_o year_n much_o what_o about_o the_o same_o time_n of_o other_o hay_n and_o a_o great_a deal_n of_o the_o seed_n of_o it_o be_v require_v for_o sow_v the_o ground_n with_o it_o but_o be_v once_o sow_v it_o last_v ten_o or_o twelve_o year_n as_o well_o as_o medica_fw-la or_o lucern_n wherewith_o also_o it_o correspond_v altogether_o in_o its_o virtue_n and_o uses_n a_o copy_n of_o a_o letter_n relate_v a_o proof_n or_o experiment_n of_o a_o english_a husbandry_n honour_a sir_n i_o desire_v your_o acceptance_n of_o this_o small_a present_a may_v be_v according_a to_o the_o real_a worth_n of_o the_o thing_n not_o as_o at_o first_o sight_n it_o may_v appear_v to_o be_v viz._n straw_n or_o stubble_n this_o be_v i_o assure_v you_o no_o other_o than_o the_o true_a and_o real_a experiment_n of_o what_o by_o the_o blessing_n of_o god_n the_o native_a fertility_n of_o our_o english_a ground_n right_o husband_v will_v bring_v forth_o nay_o i_o can_v upon_o most_o probable_a ground_n affirm_v that_o have_v i_o use_v all_o the_o art_n and_o care_n which_o i_o can_v and_o may_v have_v do_v have_v i_o not_o be_v otherwise_o take_v off_o it_o can_v hardly_o have_v fail_v to_o have_v be_v double_a treble_a or_o quadruble_v to_o what_o it_o be_v and_o it_o be_v also_o most_o true_a that_o any_o good_a ground_n well_o manage_v may_v yield_v one_o ten_o a_o hundred_o etc._n etc._n acre_n in_o which_o there_o shall_v be_v very_o many_o superior_a to_o the_o big_a root_n of_o these_o and_o hardly_o one_o inferior_a to_o the_o best_a but_o one_o by_o which_o account_n it_o will_v easy_o appear_v how_o much_o beyond_o the_o old_a way_n this_o be_v the_o increase_n there_o be_v between_o two_o and_o five_o quarter_n on_o the_o acre_n and_o the_o produce_v of_o this_o way_n will_v be_v rare_o under_o ten_o quarter_n not_o rare_o sixteen_o or_o twenty_o and_o the_o same_o for_o most_o grain_n yet_o will_v this_o dull_a age_n as_o to_o goodness_n not_o believe_v it_o without_o some_o testimony_n and_o perhaps_o scarce_o suffer_v themselves_o to_o be_v convince_v by_o this_o so_o eminent_a a_o experiment_n wherein_o it_o plain_o appear_v that_o out_o of_o one_o single_a barley_n corn_n be_v spring_v about_o 80_o ear_n of_o which_o near_o 60_o have_v some_o 36_o 34_o 32_o 30._o and_o hardly_o any_o less_o than_o 38._o which_o in_o all_o be_v above_o 2000_o for_o one_o and_o true_o the_o charge_n to_o be_v bestow_v on_o a_o acre_n of_o this_o sort_n be_v no_o way_n double_a to_o the_o common_a way_n accept_v it_o therefore_o and_o reserve_v it_o as_o a_o real_a rarity_n and_o a_o jewel_n only_o fit_a for_o a_o public_a and_o pious_a
spirit_n as_o you_o be_v till_o i_o shall_v by_o god_n assistance_n be_v able_a next_o year_n to_o produce_v you_o more_o abundant_a example_n of_o god_n wonderful_a power_n and_o bounty_n that_o offer_v and_o man_n ingratitude_n that_o neglect_v or_o refuse_v such_o honest_a mean_n of_o the_o true_a and_o most_o just_o get_v humane_a wealth_n honour_n and_o happiness_n your_o most_o faithful_a and_o obli-friend_n and_o servant_n c._n d._n september_n 26._o 1650._o a_o conjectural_a essay_n upon_o the_o foregoing_a secret_n of_o experiment_n of_o a_o english_a husbandry_n my_o dear_a friend_n be_v the_o other_o day_n among_o a_o knot_n of_o great_a husband_n and_o tell_v story_n of_o such_o like_a experiment_n and_o improvement_n i_o remember_v something_o that_o seem_v very_o remarkable_a concern_v a_o very_a fortunate_a attempt_n in_o husbandry_n make_v heretofore_o by_o sir_n john_n culpepper_n who_o they_o commend_v at_o least_o for_o a_o man_n very_o sagacious_a in_o thing_n of_o this_o nature_n he_o it_o seem_v sow_v a_o round_a parcel_n of_o wheat_n about_o the_o month_n of_o july_n and_o turn_v in_o sheep_n afterward_o to_o eat_v it_o until_o about_o all-haâ—ontide_a keep_v it_o very_o low_a till_o the_o cold_a and_o winter_n begin_v to_o come_v and_o without_o do_v any_o thing_n else_o to_o it_o he_o gain_v so_o goodly_a and_o admirable_a a_o crop_n of_o wheat_n the_o next_o year_n that_o kent_n scarce_o ever_o see_v the_o like_a it_o grow_v in_o those_o part_n almost_o to_o a_o proverb_n as_o great_a a_o crop_n as_o sir_n john_n culpepper_n have_v sir_n this_o story_n give_v i_o a_o occasion_n by_o myself_o to_o meditate_v on_o your_o friend_n mr._n dymock_n great_a experiment_n of_o his_o pease_n and_o barley_n and_o remember_v he_o do_v nothing_o to_o the_o seed_n nor_o to_o the_o ground_n but_o somewhat_o after_o it_o be_v come_v forth_o of_o the_o ground_n i_o begin_v to_o consider_v analytical_o what_o it_o be_v possible_a for_o man_n to_o do_v to_o plant_n after_o they_o be_v come_v out_o of_o the_o ground_n and_o i_o satisfy_v myself_o that_o a_o man_n can_v but_o either_o dung_n they_o water_z they_o weed_v they_o remove_v they_o succour_v they_o keep_v they_o low_o by_o eat_v prune_a or_o cut_v they_o or_o last_o spread_v their_o root_n by_o roll_a they_o and_o though_o there_o be_v some_o other_o management_n by_o glass_n multiply_v of_o light_n etc._n etc._n yet_o i_o imagine_v they_o be_v too_o subtle_a and_o costly_a to_o take_v place_n here_o 1._o for_o dung_v and_o water_v they_o they_o be_v clear_o thing_n do_v to_o the_o ground_n itself_o as_o well_o as_o to_o the_o plant._n 2._o for_o weed_n they_o though_o this_o oft_o prove_v a_o great_a improvement_n and_o better_v of_o plant_n yet_o i_o see_v not_o how_o it_o can_v make_v so_o great_a a_o increase_n or_o multiplication_n of_o the_o grain_n as_o be_v in_o mr._n dymock_n experiment_n 3._o for_o remove_v they_o and_o take_v off_o the_o sucker_n though_o this_o be_v a_o very_a necessary_a management_n in_o tall_a plant_n and_o serve_v to_o make_v they_o much_o more_o vegete_a and_o lusty_a yet_o i_o see_v not_o how_o this_o can_v take_v more_o place_n in_o barley_n and_o such_o small_a grain_n then_o graft_v these_o consideration_n make_v i_o pitch_v upon_o the_o two_o last_o and_o of_o the_o two_o rather_o upon_o roll_v or_o the_o like_a art_n for_o the_o spread_a the_o root_n of_o it_o then_o upon_o the_o other_o of_o eat_v feed_v or_o crop_v it_o 1._o first_o because_o the_o former_a experiment_n of_o sir_n john_n culpepper_v seem_v to_o i_o a_o improvement_n of_o the_o plant_n only_o by_o the_o give_v it_o opportunity_n the_o better_a to_o fasten_v and_o spread_v its_o root_n which_o the_o length_n of_o time_n of_o its_o be_v in_o the_o ground_n the_o cold_a of_o the_o season_n and_o trample_v and_o lie_v down_o of_o the_o sheep_n seem_v all_o to_o confer_v unto_o all_o which_o roll_v i_o think_v might_n in_o some_o measure_n perhaps_o supply_v 2._o it_o be_v a_o observation_n among_o some_o big_a plant_n that_o their_o root_n be_v answerable_a to_o their_o head_n intimate_v that_o a_o small_a root_n can_v not_o have_v a_o large_a and_o bushy_a head_n no_o more_o than_o a_o strong_a and_o fair_o spread_v root_n can_v have_v a_o small_a and_o spind_o head_n and_o true_o this_o rule_n in_o great_a plant_n seem_v more_o necessary_a in_o small_a for_o how_o shall_v we_o think_v there_o shall_v be_v many_o ear_n or_o stalk_n from_o one_o grain_n upon_o a_o small_a and_o single_a root_n for_o where_o can_v there_o be_v a_o place_n for_o they_o and_o how_o shall_v we_o think_v a_o root_n to_o be_v strong_a spread_a and_o succulent_a and_o yet_o not_o endeavour_v germination_n in_o the_o several_a part_n and_o joint_n of_o it_o especial_o in_o hasty_a grow_a annual_a plant_n i_o therefore_o conclude_v such_o a_o super-fortation_a of_o ear_n must_v necessary_o proceed_v from_o a_o improvement_n by_o the_o root_n where_o nothing_o be_v do_v either_o to_o prepare_v the_o ground_n or_o the_o seed_n and_o that_o this_o spread_a of_o the_o root_n be_v probable_a to_o be_v best_a effect_v by_o a_o rowl_n or_o some_o such_o like_a thing_n 3._o i_o may_v add_v to_o this_o conjecture_n the_o common_a experiment_n of_o camomile_n and_o some_o other_o low_o creep_a plant_n be_v roll_v in_o dry_a weather_n as_o also_o a_o experiment_n that_o i_o once_o hear_v of_o a_o gardener_n who_o raise_v a_o great_a estate_n by_o his_o husbandry_n of_o turnip_n which_o be_v by_o keep_v they_o low_o for_o a_o certain_a time_n by_o which_o they_o grow_v the_o soon_o big_a and_o sweet_a the_o like_a be_v use_v in_o some_o country_n to_o potato_n to_o all_o which_o i_o may_v add_v the_o plain_a defect_n of_o this_o roll_v in_o husbandry_n to_o any_o sort_n of_o grain_n which_o also_o may_v give_v the_o great_a occasion_n of_o find_v a_o remarkable_a benefit_n and_o improvement_n upon_o the_o use_n of_o it_o however_o sir_n be_v so_o much_o satisfy_v as_o i_o be_v of_o the_o thing_n i_o can_v not_o but_o give_v you_o this_o my_o essay_n upon_o it_o and_o conjecture_n the_o rather_o because_o in_o the_o more_o dry_a or_o stiff_a ground_n as_o also_o in_o season_n indifferent_a for_o moisture_n and_o dryness_n if_o this_o have_v not_o be_v yet_o try_v i_o think_v it_o be_v sit_v to_o be_v use_v to_o your_o inquiry_n after_o which_o i_o shall_v therefore_o leave_v it_o and_o shall_v be_v sir_n your_o very_a true_a friend_n b._n w._n a_o extract_v of_o a_o letter_n from_o amsterdam_n date_v the_o 28._o of_o november_n 1650._o with_o another_o experiment_n of_o a_o french_a husbandry_n sir_n i_o be_o much_o oblige_v unto_o you_o for_o send_v i_o the_o discourse_n of_o the_o braband_n husbandry_n which_o i_o have_v peruse_v not_o long_o ago_o be_v tell_v of_o certain_a man_n which_o will_v fain_o have_v mortgage_v some_o thousand_o acre_n of_o heathy_a ground_n which_o lie_v here_o and_o there_o as_o commons_o but_o the_o late_a prince_n of_o orange_n by_o the_o advice_n of_o his_o council_n dare_v not_o entertain_v any_o such_o proposition_n the_o land_n belong_v to_o the_o commonalty_n on_o the_o other_o hand_n the_o undertaker_n will_v not_o be_v content_v with_o less_o for_o impart_v of_o their_o secret_n it_o appear_v unto_o i_o by_o all_o circumstance_n that_o it_o be_v the_o same_o design_n of_o husbandry_n with_o you_o the_o party_n if_o i_o remember_v well_o be_v english_a man_n from_o paris_n i_o be_o advertise_v for_o certain_a of_o one_o who_o do_v last_o year_n 1649._o ferment_n one_o grain_n of_o wheat_n which_o this_o year_n have_v produce_v he_o 114_o ear_n &_o within_o they_o 6000_o grain_n which_o be_v more_o than_o 80_o ear_n and_o 600_o grain_n of_o your_o english_a friend_n this_o year_n 1650._o he_o have_v a_o great_a many_o fermented_a and_o sow_v a_o answer_n to_o the_o forego_n extract_n of_o a_o letter_n from_o amsterdam_n sir_n i_o have_v receive_v from_o you_o a_o relation_n of_o a_o very_a great_a and_o wonderful_a production_n or_o increase_n which_o your_o friend_n at_o amsterdam_n relate_v to_o be_v do_v in_o france_n i_o be_o far_o from_o lessen_v the_o admirable_a greatness_n of_o that_o person_n skill_n and_o success_n only_o since_o i_o find_v myself_o take_v notice_n of_o by_o the_o same_o party_n and_o the_o experiment_n i_o make_v the_o last_o year_n of_o barley_n weigh_v in_o the_o scale_n with_o this_o and_o find_v too_o light_a i_o shall_v take_v leave_n to_o say_v that_o beside_o all_o difference_n that_o be_v or_o may_v conceive_v to_o be_v betwixt_o the_o soil_n that_o of_o france_n have_v a_o manifest_a advantage_n in_o the_o elevation_n and_o powerful_a operation_n of_o the_o sun_n that_o
the_o barley_n be_v reap_v the_o same_o year_n the_o rye_n or_o wheat_n grow_v little_a till_o the_o barley_n be_v off_o than_o it_o will_v grow_v thick_a like_o grass_n all_o the_o winter_n and_o next_o year_n it_o be_v reap_v it_o grow_v so_o thick_a that_o a_o horse_n â—an_v scarce_o get_v through_o it_o out_o of_o one_o grain_n come_v thirty_o or_o forty_o ear_n a_o man_n on_o horseback_n can_v scarce_o look_v over_o it_o and_o the_o farmer_n reap_v a_o hundred_o for_o one_o by_o this_o you_o may_v see_v that_o what_o i_o say_v be_v not_o only_o true_a but_o also_o much_o practise_v and_o that_o with_o incredible_a profit_n and_o to_o i_o the_o reason_n be_v manifest_a for_o the_o advantage_n of_o early_o sow_v be_v these_o first_o the_o lesser_a quantity_n of_o seed_n be_v necessary_a second_o the_o corn_n be_v well_o grow_v and_o strong_a before_o the_o winter_n and_o therefore_o more_o able_a to_o endure_v the_o nip_a frost_n which_o oft_o kill_v corn_n new_o come_v up_o three_o it_o get_v advantage_n in_o the_o spring_n of_o weed_n grass_n wild_a oat_n etc._n etc._n which_o choke_v much_o corn_n the_o ground_n be_v stock_v with_o corn_n so_o that_o there_o be_v no_o room_n for_o they_o to_o grow_v i_o know_v one_o who_o have_v his_o ground_n overrun_v with_o weed_n and_o wild-oat_n by_o sow_v rye_n early_o have_v very_o good_a and_o clear_a corn_n but_o some_o will_v object_v that_o the_o strength_n of_o the_o corn_n and_o ground_n be_v exhaust_v thereby_o to_o these_o i_o answer_v first_o they_o do_v not_o consider_v the_o even_o infinite_a power_n of_o live_a creature_n who_o will_v infinite_o increase_v if_o nourishment_n fail_v not_o as_o fire_n will_v if_o wood_n be_v lay_v to_o it_o and_o that_o without_o wearisomeness_n by_o virtue_n as_o i_o suppose_v of_o the_o divine_a benediction_n in_o they_o 2._o they_o be_v ignorant_a of_o the_o cause_n of_o fertility_n for_o i_o suppose_v that_o straw_n or_o blade_n exhau_v ground_n no_o more_o than_o the_o bough_n and_o leaf_n of_o tree_n do_v which_o we_o see_v be_v little_a or_o nothing_o in_o wood_n continual_o lop_v but_o to_o know_v the_o true_a cause_n of_o fertility_n i_o account_v difficult_a yet_o shall_v brief_o declare_v some_o thought_n of_o my_o concern_v it_o in_o another_o place_n animadversor_n his_o philosophy_n concern_v moor-log_n no_o way_n receivable_a in_o moorish_a place_n two_o sort_n of_o wood_n be_v find_v one_o very_o black_a like_o ebony_n and_o it_o be_v a_o kind_n of_o oak_n another_o sort_n less_o black_a or_o dusky_a and_o be_v a_o kind_n of_o pine_n or_o fir._n in_o the_o north_n of_o england_n i_o have_v see_v it_o sell_v public_o be_v slit_v in_o small_a piece_n to_o light_a tobacco_n it_o be_v not_o unlike_o the_o wood_n which_o in_o new-england_n be_v call_v candle-wood_n or_o pitch-pine_a concern_v the_o blackness_n of_o these_o wood_n i_o say_v that_o it_o proceed_v from_o the_o turfy_a earth_n wherein_o these_o tree_n lie_v which_o earth_n and_o all_o other_o earth_n as_o i_o suppose_v and_o subterrany_n thing_n in_o their_o proper_a place_n have_v a_o innate_a power_n to_o transmute_v other_o extraneous_a thing_n into_o their_o own_o nature_n many_o example_n of_o this_o hind_n we_o see_v in_o nature_n to_o instance_n only_o in_o putrify_v spirit_n or_o juce_n which_o transmute_v not_o only_a wood_n but_o also_o shell_n bone_n metal_n into_o their_o strong_a nature_n without_o destroy_v the_o external_a form_n so_o i_o say_v this_o earth_n endeavour_v to_o alter_v or_o change_v these_o tree_n into_o its_o turfy_a nature_n and_o i_o suppose_v it_o have_v already_o change_v as_o i_o suppose_v the_o small_a bough_n into_o its_o nature_n and_o introduce_v some_o indisposition_n into_o the_o great_a wood_n for_o this_o earth_n have_v a_o peculiar_a and_o more_o manifest_a faculty_n of_o multiply_v than_o other_o earth_n have_v for_o when_o it_o be_v exhaust_v it_o grow_v again_o as_o i_o have_v hear_v of_o divers_a worthy_a of_o credit_n if_o so_o be_v the_o water_n be_v keep_v on_o it_o all_o winter_n and_o permit_v to_o run_v forth_o in_o the_o spring_n which_o good_a husbandry_n i_o have_v see_v practise_v in_o divers_a place_n and_o further_o every_o one_o observe_v that_o it_o present_o stop_v the_o channel_n and_o ditch_n which_o be_v cut_v through_o this_o kind_n of_o earth_n and_o therefore_o from_o the_o vapour_n fume_n or_o effluvia_fw-la call_v they_o what_o you_o will_v for_o i_o think_v all_o multiplicative_a act_n to_o proceed_v from_o such_o spiritual_a thing_n and_o not_o from_o body_n and_o of_o this_o earth_n do_v this_o alteration_n or_o blackness_n of_o the_o wood_n proceed_v as_o in_o putrification_n be_v see_v and_o not_o as_o in_o putrefaction_n for_o the_o wood_n be_v strong_a firm_a and_o oft_o use_v for_o board_n and_o building_n as_o to_o explain_v myself_o smoak_n will_v discolour_v any_o thing_n that_o be_v long_o hang_v up_o in_o it_o but_o in_o this_o there_o be_v a_o vital_a active_a multiplicative_a energy_n which_o work_v not_o by_o putrefaction_n which_o in_o smoke_n be_v want_v that_o the_o pine_n be_v not_o so_o soon_o change_v as_o the_o oak_n it_o be_v because_o it_o be_v of_o a_o more_o resinous_a or_o oil_n nature_n pitch_n rosin_n and_o turpentine_n be_v make_v out_o of_o such_o tree_n and_o therefore_o it_o be_v not_o so_o easy_o penetrate_v this_o be_v in_o brief_a my_o philosophy_n concern_v moonlog_n if_o i_o be_o in_o a_o error_n i_o will_v thank_v he_o that_o shall_v show_v i_o the_o truth_n animadversor_n too_o credulous_a to_o glauber_n who_o will_v make_v beer_n without_o malt_v etc._n etc._n aquavitae_n etc._n etc._n out_o of_o haws_n canker-berry_n etc._n etc._n to_o which_o i_o answer_v that_o beer_n may_v be_v make_v of_o wheat_n barley_n pease_n etc._n etc._n unmalt_v i_o question_v not_o for_o it_o be_v ordinay_v to_o add_v wheat_n ground_n or_o bean_n with_o malt_n to_o make_v the_o beer_n strong_a and_o with_o good_a success_n also_o cromer_n in_o his_o description_n of_o poland_n say_v that_o they_o oft_o make_v beer_n of_o wheat_n ground_n etc._n etc._n yea_o i_o know_v that_o potato_n make_v excellent_a drink_n in_o barbadoes_n also_o in_o new-england_n the_o stalk_n of_o virginian_a wheat_n as_o it_o be_v usual_o call_v squash_n or_o gourd_n pumpion_n boil_a make_v considerable_a drink_n parsnip_n make_v that_o which_o be_v account_v rare_a therefore_o much_o more_o the_o grain_n above_o mention_v but_o the_o great_a question_n be_v whether_o wheat_n barley_n etc._n etc._n malt_v or_o unmalt_v will_v make_v most_o and_o best_a beer_n or_o aquavitae_n glauber_n affirm_v he_o know_v how_o to_o make_v more_o of_o corn_n unmalt_v then_o malt_v which_o though_o i_o will_v not_o positive_o maintain_v yet_o i_o suppose_v that_o i_o can_v make_v it_o appear_v that_o it_o be_v not_o only_o possible_a but_o probable_a it_o be_v so_o by_o divers_a argument_n beside_o glauber_n testimony_n for_o first_o a_o ingenious_a chemist_n of_o my_o acquaintance_n altogether_o unacquainted_a with_o glauber_n and_o his_o write_n have_v affirm_v to_o i_o that_o he_o have_v oft_o experiment_v it_o and_o have_v proffer_a wager_n even_o to_o brewer_n concern_v this_o 593._o also_o de_fw-fr la_fw-fr brosse_n physician_n to_o the_o king_n of_o france_n and_o keeper_n of_o the_o royal_a garden_n at_o paris_n affirm_v that_o out_o of_o twenty_o of_o wheat_n ferment_v his_o way_n he_o can_v draw_v forth_o no_o less_o than_o three_o pint_n and_o a_o chopin_n of_o excellent_a aquavitae_n which_o be_v above_o three_o english_a pottle_n more_o by_o far_o then_o any_o will_v undertake_v to_o draw_v out_o of_o the_o like_a quantity_n of_o wheat_n mault_v and_o further_o it_o be_v without_o question_n that_o some_o of_o the_o virtue_n of_o the_o barley_n be_v draw_v away_o by_o steep_v in_o water_n for_o oft_o the_o water_n at_o the_o bottom_n be_v very_o red_a and_o also_o by_o the_o sprout_a for_o that_o usual_o be_v dry_v up_o and_o go_v away_o into_o dust_n only_o use_v for_o the_o enrich_n of_o corn_n land_n and_o further_o the_o difference_n between_o the_o weight_n of_o barley_n and_o malt_n be_v very_o considerable_a malt_n be_v light_a than_o barley_n as_o i_o have_v try_v by_o a_o four_o part_n or_o thereabouts_o which_o be_v certain_o a_o diminution_n of_o the_o flower_n or_o strength_n for_o the_o husk_n be_v the_o same_o in_o both_o further_o what_o good_a this_o ferment_a or_o mault_v do_v further_a than_o to_o soften_v the_o grain_n and_o make_v it_o spongy_a so_o that_o the_o liquor_n may_v more_o easy_o penetrate_v and_o liquefie_v the_o flower_n or_o nutritive_a part_n thereof_o into_o a_o sweet_a juice_n which_o juice_n after_o by_o fermentation_n or_o work_n do_v more_o separate_v itself_o from_o the_o grosser_n part_n
of_o plant_n be_v so_o but_o not_o as_o yet_o observe_v for_o aught_o i_o know_v of_o any_o this_o plant_n be_v not_o sufficient_o describe_v by_o gerrard_n johnson_n parkinson_n or_o any_o that_o yet_o i_o have_v see_v for_o first_o they_o speak_v not_o of_o any_o flower_n and_o yet_o it_o have_v fair_a white_a large_a flower_n almost_o as_o big_a as_o rosa_n canina_n but_o i_o perceive_v little_a smell_n in_o they_o though_o all_o other_o part_n of_o this_o plant_n as_o leaf_n bark_n wood_n and_o root_v especial_o be_v very_o odoriferous_a second_o they_o mention_v not_o the_o seed_n which_o be_v about_o the_o bigness_n of_o bay-berry_n many_o of_o which_o i_o send_v out_o of_o new-england_n some_o of_o which_o grow_v in_o york-garden_n at_o london_n but_o through_o mishap_n perish_v three_o this_o tree_n be_v not_o always_o green_a as_o parkinson_n johnson_n say_v but_o in_o new-england_n cast_v its_o leaf_n perhaps_o in_o florida_n it_o may_v perpetual_o be_v green_a for_o i_o know_v that_o in_o new-england_n the_o wild-bay_n which_o be_v like_o our_o common_a bay_n in_o smell_n and_o leaf_n cast_v its_o leaf_n in_o winter_n as_o also_o a_o kind_n of_o â—ir_n about_o casho-bay_n out_o of_o which_o be_v extract_v a_o very_a odoriferous_a gum_n and_o other_o in_o like_a manner_n etc._n etc._n in_o new-england_n divers_a in_o the_o begin_n of_o their_o plantation_n use_v this_o plant_n in_o their_o beer_n hope_v that_o it_o will_v have_v serve_v both_o for_o malt_n and_o spice_n but_o it_o deceive_v their_o expectation_n for_o in_o my_o apprehension_n it_o give_v a_o taste_n not_o pleasant_a and_o also_o they_o that_o accustom_a themselves_o to_o this_o drink_n especial_o in_o the_o summer_n find_v themselves_o faint_a and_o weak_a not_o able_a to_o endure_v labour_n animadversor_n 2._o sarsaperilla_n will_v not_o thrive_v in_o england_n etc._n etc._n first_o smilax_n to_o which_o this_o be_v refer_v be_v twofold_a 1._o aspera_fw-la which_o be_v not_o find_v as_o yet_o with_o we_o 2._o levis_n or_o convolvulus_n this_o grow_v natural_o wild_a with_o we_o who_o leaf_n though_o they_o differ_v much_o from_o the_o former_a yet_o the_o root_n be_v very_o like_a as_o i_o have_v see_v they_o compare_v together_o and_o further_o the_o virtue_n also_o as_o i_o have_v be_v credible_o inform_v by_o divers_a ingenious_a apothecary_n 2._o this_o smilax_n aspera_fw-la be_v find_v not_o only_o in_o peru_n etc._n etc._n but_o also_o in_o virginia_n as_o i_o be_o inform_v by_o divers_a which_o be_v a_o country_n who_o winter_n be_v far_o more_o pierce_a then_o in_o england_n 3._o in_o new-england_n i_o have_v see_v a_o plant_n with_o good_a success_n use_v for_o sarsaperilla_n which_o be_v a_o plant_n about_o one_o foot_n and_o a_o half_a high_a with_o a_o upright_a stalk_n with_o some_o few_o leaf_n at_o the_o top_n i_o at_o first_o sight_n think_v it_o the_o plant_v call_v herba_fw-la gerardi_n but_o the_o root_n be_v very_a like_o the_o sarsaparil_n common_o use_v with_o the_o pithyness_n which_o make_v i_o to_o think_v that_o there_o be_v divers_a species_n of_o these_o smilax_n some_o of_o which_o may_v well_o thrive_v and_o prosper_v in_o england_n especial_o those_o that_o grow_v in_o new-england_n and_o virginia_n but_o concern_v this_o plant_n and_o divers_a other_o which_o grow_v in_o new-england_n i_o can_v give_v you_o that_o account_n i_o desire_v because_o my_o seed_n and_o paper_n unhappy_o miscarry_v animadversor_n 3_o rattle-snake_n grass_n will_v not_o thrive_v etc._n etc._n parkinson_n a_o able_a botanic_n say_v it_o flourish_v with_o we_o in_o june_n and_o july_n and_o therefore_o what_o shall_v hinder_v it_o from_o thrive_a to_o the_o purpose_n 2._o virginia_n as_o i_o say_v before_o have_v sharp_a winter_n than_o england_n and_o yet_o there_o it_o grow_v abundant_o in_o the_o wood_n without_o cultivation_n why_o not_o with_o we_o therefore_o by_o good_a manage_n and_o be_v when_o i_o be_v in_o new-england_n i_o be_v acquaint_v with_o a_o ancient_a gentleman_n who_o also_o be_v a_o scholar_n and_o have_v live_v ten_o year_n in_o virginia_n who_o certify_v i_o that_o there_o be_v two_o sort_n of_o rattle-snake-weed_n the_o great_a and_o the_o less_o that_o which_o he_o call_v the_o great_a i_o casual_o have_v in_o my_o hand_n it_o be_v a_o bulbous_a plant_n about_o the_o bigness_n of_o a_o pigeon_n egg_n and_o â—ilky_a in_o the_o root_n it_o grow_v in_o the_o water_n and_o the_o leaf_n like_o pistolochia_n he_o tell_v i_o that_o this_o be_v account_v the_o best_a the_o second_o be_v call_v the_o less_o and_o according_a to_o parkinson_n description_n the_o leaf_n be_v like_o the_o former_a but_o the_o root_n be_v fibrous_a and_o this_o be_v that_o which_o be_v common_o bring_v for_o england_n and_o for_o my_o part_n i_o suppose_v and_o upon_o good_a ground_n that_o not_o only_o the_o former_a but_o also_o the_o latter_a will_v thrive_v with_o we_o i_o have_v oft_o desire_v many_o of_o my_o friend_n and_o acquaintance_n to_o send_v i_o this_o plant_n and_o divers_a other_o which_o grow_v even_o at_o their_o door_n but_o can_v never_o prevail_v so_o far_o with_o they_o and_o have_v far_o great_a hope_n of_o the_o flourish_a of_o this_o wild_a plant_n that_o of_o tobacco_n either_o of_o that_o which_o in_o new-england_n be_v call_v poak_v much_o differ_v from_o the_o virginian_a or_o of_o that_o other_o common_o use_v and_o sow_v in_o virginia_n for_o they_o grow_v not_o natural_o in_o these_o place_n and_o yet_o tobacco_n so_o flourish_v in_o england_n that_o it_o please_v the_o state_n to_o take_v notice_n of_o it_o and_o by_o a_o act_n to_o prohibit_v it_o and_o though_o i_o can_v deny_v but_o god_n have_v give_v his_o peculiar_a blessing_n to_o every_o country_n yet_o it_o do_v not_o hence_o follow_v that_o nothing_o which_o grow_v in_o a_o hot_a country_n will_v thrive_v in_o these_o more_o northern_a climate_n for_o most_o of_o our_o curious_a plant_n as_o apricock_n peach_n etc._n etc._n flac._n pernvianus_fw-la juca_fw-la etc._n etc._n come_v at_o first_o from_o hot_a country_n yet_o thrive_v well_o with_o we_o yea_o true_a rhenbarb_n if_o we_o will_v believe_v parkinson_n which_o former_o have_v only_o grow_v in_o the_o east-indye_n grow_v abundant_o with_o we_o this_o i_o be_o sure_a if_o it_o be_v not_o the_o same_o it_o be_v very_o like_a in_o virtue_n and_o daily_o we_o find_v that_o thing_n bring_v out_o of_o a_o hot_a country_n do_v flourish_v with_o we_o as_o late_o the_o great_a spanish_a cane_n much_o use_v by_o weaver_n and_o vintner_n master_n john_n tradeskin_n bring_v from_o the_o western-isle_n and_o it_o flourish_v well_o in_o his_o garden_n and_o grow_v great_a and_o tall_a animadversor_n so_o of_o pine_n and_o cedar_n etc._n etc._n i_o wonder_v that_o the_o animadversor_n shall_v question_v the_o growth_n of_o pine_n in_o england_n see_v they_o grow_v common_o in_o the_o plain_a of_o poland_n as_o cromer_n say_v and_o the_o pitch-tree_n be_v a_o kind_n of_o pine_n grow_v even_o in_o the_o cold_a place_n in_o new-england_n i_o have_v see_v pine_n above_o four_o foot_n diameter_n and_o the_o length_n according_o even_o in_o the_o most_o northern_a place_n further_o these_o common_o grow_v in_o the_o garden_n about_o london_n so_o concern_v cedar_n they_o grow_v of_o a_o very_a great_a height_n and_o bigness_n in_o the_o northern_a part_n of_o new-england_n where_o show_n lie_v five_o or_o six_o month_n and_o therefore_o i_o do_v not_o any_o way_n question_v their_o grow_n with_o we_o and_o do_v again_o note_v that_o the_o neglect_n of_o these_o as_o also_o of_o the_o fir-tree_n be_v a_o great_a deficiency_n in_o england_n and_o to_o what_o a_o straight_a our_o state_n may_v now_o be_v drive_v for_o mast_n do_v not_o new-england_n furnish_v we_o as_o also_o for_o pitch_n and_o tar_n be_v well_o know_v and_o yet_o these_o tree_n will_v grow_v in_o very_o barren_a land_n and_o be_v sweet_a grower_n yea_o as_o it_o appear_v by_o our_o mosses_n they_o have_v former_o grow_v in_o england_n further_o many_o will_v stand_v in_o a_o little_a ground_n so_o that_o i_o dare_v bold_o aver_v that_o one_o thousand_o acre_n plant_v with_o these_o tree_n will_v in_o forty_o year_n serve_v this_o isle_n with_o mast_n for_o ever_o and_o help_v we_o to_o great_a quantity_n of_o pitch_n and_o tar_n for_o where_o these_o tree_n once_o take_v they_o be_v very_o hardly_o destroy_v as_o i_o have_v observe_v in_o new-england_n where_o on_o a_o isle_n every_o year_n in_o summer_n the_o planter_n spend_v a_o day_n or_o two_o to_o cut_v they_o down_o that_o the_o place_n may_v pasture_v the_o better_a for_o their_o young_a cattle_n but_o these_o tree_n do_v present_o grow_v again_o so_o that_o they_o give_v over_o their_o intention_n see_v their_o
fatness_n be_v grateful_a to_o humane_a nature_n the_o other_o be_v offensive_a for_o the_o avoid_n of_o which_o inconvenience_n i_o know_v none_o better_o than_o to_o let_v the_o dung_n be_v full_o putrify_v and_o turn_v into_o earth_n without_o stnk_v before_o it_o be_v mingle_v with_o the_o corn_n or_o seeds_n and_o this_o may_v be_v do_v by_o my_o former_a invention_n in_o such_o sort_n that_o there_o may_v be_v above_o fourscore_o pound_n in_o the_o hundred_o save_v in_o the_o compost_n of_o all_o the_o arable_a land_n in_o england_n there_o be_v three_o cause_n why_o people_n in_o the_o country_n live_v long_o and_o have_v better_a health_n than_o those_o that_o live_v in_o great_a city_n the_o first_o be_v the_o air_n be_v more_o pure_a and_o wholesome_a the_o second_o be_v their_o food_n do_v not_o abound_v so_o much_o with_o the_o fatness_n and_o sulphur_n which_o be_v apt_a to_o putrefaction_n and_o to_o contaminate_v the_o blood_n the_o three_o be_v their_o much_o exercise_n do_v evacuate_v that_o part_n of_o their_o nutriment_n which_o be_v ungrateful_a to_o humane_a nature_n the_o contrary_a to_o all_o these_o be_v in_o great_a city_n where_o the_o air_n diet_n and_o exercise_n be_v so_o much_o different_a the_o effect_n do_v show_v the_o cause_n very_o clear_a so_o that_o there_o need_v no_o other_o or_o further_a philosophation_n concern_v the_o same_o if_o any_o man_n doubt_v whether_o vegetable_n draw_v the_o corruptible_a or_o stink_a sulphur_n or_o fatness_n which_o lie_v within_o the_o reach_n of_o their_o attractive_a virtue_n let_v he_o behold_v the_o place_n where_o beast_n have_v late_o dung_v in_o pasture_n and_o he_o shall_v find_v that_o there_o the_o grass_n be_v more_o sour_a and_o gistastfull_a to_o the_o beast_n and_o cattle_n the_o eleventhâ—_n experiment_n wherein_o be_v show_v how_o rich_a compost_n may_v be_v make_v in_o great_a city_n of_o thing_n former_o cast_v away_o the_o water_n wherein_o fishmonger_n water_n their_o fish_n be_v make_v as_o salt_n as_o it_o will_v bear_v with_o the_o foul_a salt_n in_o the_o sweep_a of_o ship_n salt_n lime_n great_a larder_n and_o other_o such_o place_n be_v boil_a in_o butcher_n slaughter-house_n when_o their_o beast_n be_v to_o be_v kill_v and_o the_o blood_n let_v run_v warm_v unto_o it_o be_v likewise_o hot_a it_o will_v not_o clodder_n but_o will_v be_v admirable_a good_a liquor_n to_o imbibe_n good_a wheat_n earth_n whereby_o it_o may_v be_v make_v the_o rich_a compost_n in_o the_o world_n to_o fill_v the_o hole_n where_o wheat_n or_o barley_n be_v set_v for_o that_o one_o bushel_n of_o this_o earth_n be_v sufficient_a to_o be_v mingle_v with_o three_o or_o four_o bushel_n of_o the_o earth_n of_o the_o land_n itself_o by_o which_o mean_v great_a charge_n be_v save_v in_o the_o carriage_n itself_o by_o reason_n that_o a_o little_a quantity_n will_v work_v a_o great_a effect_n saltpetre_n for_o some_o ground_n be_v more_o apt_a and_o cheap_a though_o the_o price_n be_v great_a for_o a_o little_a quantity_n will_v work_v a_o great_a effect_n especial_o where_o the_o land_n be_v hot_a and_o dry_a by_o nature_n sawdust_n be_v excellent_a to_o mingle_v with_o earth_n to_o fill_v the_o hole_n where_o corn_n be_v set_v in_o strong_a bind_a clay_n ground_n also_o shave_n of_o horn_n hoof_n of_o all_o beast_n hair_n of_o beast_n woollen_a rag_n chap_v small_a be_v admirable_a shave_n of_o horn_n be_v now_o usual_o sell_v in_o london_n for_o three_o shilling_n and_o six_o penny_n a_o sack_n for_o the_o same_o purpose_n also_o woollen_a rag_n for_o two_o shilling_n a_o sack_n as_o for_o hoof_n of_o beast_n hair_n and_o tanner_n horn_n may_v be_v putrify_v in_o good_a arable_a wheat_n earth_n be_v keep_v dry_a from_o rain_n and_o then_o the_o earth_n and_o all_o together_o be_v the_o rich_a compost_n in_o the_o world_n to_o be_v use_v for_o the_o fill_n of_o the_o hole_n where_o wheat_n be_v set_v also_o all_o other_o compost_n whatsoever_o mention_v in_o 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be_v so_o it_o will_v conduce_v great_o to_o the_o prosperity_n of_o a_o kingdom_n for_o the_o great_a profit_n will_v redound_v to_o those_o two_o sort_n of_o man_n yet_o may_v the_o martyr_n be_v easy_o order_v so_o that_o the_o rest_n may_v live_v in_o twice_o as_o much_o prosperity_n as_o now_o they_o do_v and_o though_o they_o be_v double_v in_o number_n for_o i_o have_v know_v many_o man_n to_o live_v better_o with_o 30._o acre_n of_o land_n than_o other_o have_v do_v with_o a_o hundred_o of_o acre_n and_o if_o need_v require_v i_o can_v show_v where_o one_o acre_n of_o land_n have_v be_v worth_a two_o hundred_o pound_n per_fw-la a_o by_o be_v plant_v with_o melon_n and_o a_o whole_a family_n have_v live_v well_o upon_o it_o and_o gather_v riches_n if_o the_o course_n of_o husbandry_n be_v regulate_v in_o this_o manner_n viz._n that_o no_o man_n shall_v occupy_v any_o land_n in_o pasture_n who_o fertility_n may_v perpetual_o be_v increase_v by_o the_o mean_n of_o water_n though_o the_o hay_n grow_v thereupon_o be_v total_o spend_v to_o produce_v dung_n for_o the_o fertilize_n of_o high_a ground_n also_o that_o no_o man_n shall_v occupy_v any_o land_n in_o tillage_n who_o fertility_n may_v be_v perpetual_o increase_v in_o pasture_n by_o have_v the_o same_o dung_n spend_v upon_o they_o which_o they_o yield_v natural_o also_o that_o no_o man_n shall_v till_o any_o other_o land_n but_o such_o high_a and_o barren_a land_n as_o be_v not_o able_a to_o fertilise_v itself_o and_o shall_v make_v use_n of_o my_o several_a invention_n for_o the_o enrich_n of_o the_o same_o then_o will_v there_o be_v leave_v but_o little_a barren_a land_n in_o england_n in_o a_o short_a space_n whereby_o all_o the_o premise_n in_o this_o twelve_o experiment_n may_v be_v easy_o perform_v a_o friend_n of_o i_o do_v search_v divers_a register_n book_n in_o several_a parish_n in_o england_n he_o also_o search_v the_o parson_n book_n of_o tithe_n and_o find_v that_o where_o arable_a land_n as_o 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far_o great_a increase_n than_o if_o the_o say_a sum_n be_v employ_v in_o a_o way_n of_o usury_n upon_o usury_n p._n 271_o 272._o another_o friendly_a and_o more_o particular_a advice_n how_o by_o a_o good_a husbandry_n of_o rape-seed_n to_o raise_v a_o estate_n or_o provide_v portion_n for_o child_n p._n 272_o 273_o 274._o a_o scale_n of_o the_o charge_n of_o the_o table_n former_o present_v with_o the_o scale_n of_o some_o other_o table_n to_o demonstrate_v that_o advantageous_a proposition_n p._n 275_o 276_o 277_o 278._o a_o proposition_n concern_v rape-seed_n wherein_o the_o charge_n be_v set_v down_o with_o the_o most_o the_o return_n with_o the_o least_o but_o both_o in_o the_o common_a way_n p._n 279_o 280._o a_o proposition_n for_o sow_v of_o hemp_n whereby_o also_o a_o way_n be_v show_v to_o set_v most_o of_o the_o present_a poor_a to_o work_v without_o prejudice_n or_o oppression_n or_o alter_v any_o law_n already_o establish_v p._n 280_o 281_o 282._o a_o answer_n to_o five_o queres_fw-la or_o objection_n against_o the_o proposition_n for_o set_v the_o poor_a to_o work_v upon_o hemp_n grow_v or_o to_o be_v grow_v in_o england_n p._n 282_o 283_o 284_o 285._o a_o new_a husbandry_n or_o improvement_n of_o rape-seed_n p._n 285_o 286._o a_o passage_n take_v out_o of_o a_o tract_n against_o the_o high_a rate_n of_o usury_n present_v to_o the_o high_a court_n of_o parliament_n anno_fw-la dom._n 1623._o in_o which_o the_o use_v for_o money_n be_v bring_v down_o from_o ten_o to_o eight_o in_o the_o hundred_o and_o now_o humble_o recommend_v to_o further_a public_a consideration_n as_o a_o special_a mean_n for_o advancement_n of_o the_o national_a husbandry_n of_o this_o commonwealth_n p._n 286_o 287_o 288_o 289._o a_o bank_n of_o land_n or_o a_o improvement_n of_o land_n never_o think_v on_o in_o former_a age_n begin_v to_o be_v present_v upon_o most_o rational_a and_o demonstrable_a ground_n by_o mr._n william_n potter_n a_o gentleman_n of_o great_a desert_n and_o 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the_o same_o nature_n and_o although_o his_o annotation_n now_o and_o then_o be_v animadversion_n rather_o than_o enlargement_n yet_o it_o be_v not_o unprofitable_a to_o the_o public_a nor_o disadvantageous_a to_o we_o that_o our_o error_n and_o mistake_n for_o who_o can_v pretend_v to_o be_v without_o they_o be_v lay_v open_a and_o rectify_v i_o suppose_v you_o will_v be_v as_o loath_a as_o i_o that_o any_o by_o your_o mean_n or_o i_o shall_v be_v lead_v into_o a_o by-way_n and_o instead_o of_o gain_v become_v a_o loser_n in_o make_v trial_n of_o what_o we_o offer_v for_o his_o advantage_n i_o can_v wish_v that_o my_o worthy_a friend_n who_o have_v impart_v these_o his_o thought_n unto_o i_o in_o the_o follow_a extemporary_a letter_n have_v spare_v some_o expression_n &_o be_v less_o censorious_a against_o the_o person_n of_o some_o of_o who_o other_o have_v a_o high_a and_o honourable_a opinion_n as_o helmont_n &_o glauber_n but_o he_o be_v to_o be_v bear_v with_o all_o in_o this_o 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be_v mellow_a not_o much_o more_o chargeable_a 3._o that_o it_o will_v employ_v many_o thousand_o of_o people_n that_o a_o three_o part_n of_o the_o seed_n may_v be_v save_v as_o i_o have_v find_v by_o experience_n that_o all_o the_o weed_n and_o grass_n may_v be_v more_o easy_o destroy_v thereby_o and_o the_o ground_n better_o accommodate_v for_o other_o crop_n and_o to_o conclude_v the_o crop_n considerable_o great_a yet_o thus_o much_o i_o must_v further_o say_v concern_v set_v of_o grain_n that_o great_a bean_n be_v even_o of_o necessity_n to_o be_v set_v and_o that_o small_a bean_n in_o surrey_n and_o other_o place_n be_v likewise_o set_v with_o profit_n for_o the_o reason_n above_o mention_v that_o to_o set_v pease_n unless_o hastevers_n and_o roncival_n oat_n barley_n be_v a_o thing_n even_o ridiculous_a that_o wheat_n although_o in_o divers_a ground_n it_o may_v be_v set_v with_o profit_n yet_o to_o how_o it_o in_o as_o the_o hardiners_n speak_v as_o they_o do_v pease_n though_o not_o at_o the_o same_o distance_n but_o about_o a_o foot_n the_o range_v one_o from_o another_o be_v better_a than_o set_v for_o these_o reason_n 1._o because_o to_o set_v corn_n be_v a_o infinite_a trouble_n and_o charge_n and_o if_o it_o be_v not_o very_o exact_o do_v which_o child_n neither_o can_v nor_o will_v do_v and_o these_o must_v be_v the_o chief_a setter_n will_v be_v very_o prejudicious_a 2._o if_o worm_n frost_n ill_a weather_n or_o fowl_n destroy_v any_o part_n of_o your_o seed_n which_o they_o will_v do_v your_o crop_n be_v much_o impair_v 3._o the_o ground_n can_v be_v so_o well_o weed_v and_o the_o mould_n raise_v about_o the_o root_n by_o the_o how_o which_o 3_o inconvenience_n be_v remedy_v by_o the_o other_o way_n further_o i_o dare_v affirm_v that_o after_o the_o ground_n be_v dig_v or_o plough_v and_o harrow_v even_o it_o be_v better_a to_o how_o wheat_n in_o then_o to_o sow_v it_o after_o the_o common_a way_n because_o that_o the_o weed_n may_v be_v 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common_o know_v at_o fulham_n and_o about_o london_n i_o therefore_o can_v but_o commend_v the_o how_n in_o of_o wheat_n as_o a_o excellent_a piece_n of_o good_a husbandry_n whether_o the_o ground_n be_v dig_v or_o plough_v not_o only_o because_o it_o save_v much_o corn_n employ_v much_o people_n and_o it_o be_v not_o chargeable_a but_o it_o also_o destroy_v all_o weed_n fit_v ground_n for_o after_o crop_v and_o cause_v a_o great_a increase_n and_o in_o my_o apprehension_n be_v a_o good_a remedy_n against_o smut_n and_o mildew_n there_o be_v a_o ingenious_a italian_a who_o wonder_v how_o it_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o if_o one_o set_v a_o grain_n of_o corn_n as_o wheat_n barley_n etc._n etc._n it_o usual_o produce_v 300_o or_o 400._o yea_o 1000_o 2000_o as_o i_o have_v try_v yet_o if_o you_o sow_v wheat_n after_o the_o ordinary_a way_n 6_o or_o 8_o for_o one_o be_v account_v a_o good_a crop_n what_o become_v of_o all_o the_o corn_n that_o be_v sow_v when_o as_o the_o 50th_o part_n if_o it_o do_v grow_v will_v be_v sufficient_a for_o answer_v to_o this_o 1._o i_o say_v much_o corn_n be_v sow_v which_o nature_n have_v destinate_a for_o the_o hen_n and_o chicken_n be_v without_o any_o considerable_a vegetative_a faculty_n 2._o worm_n frost_n flood_n crow_n and_o lark_n which_o every_o one_o do_v not_o consider_v do_v devour_v not_o a_o little_a 3._o weed_n as_o poppy_n may-weed_n and_o the_o grass_n grow_v with_o the_o corn_n do_v destroy_v much_o last_o when_o corn_n be_v so_o sow_v after_o the_o ordinary_a manner_n much_o be_v bury_v in_o the_o furrow_n especial_o if_o the_o ground_n be_v grazy_a much_o be_v throw_v on_o heap_n in_o hole_n and_o consequent_o starve_v and_o choke_v one_o another_o most_o of_o these_o inconvenience_n be_v to_o be_v remedy_v by_o this_o way_n of_o set_v and_o how_v in_o of_o corn._n garden_v garden_v though_o it_o be_v a_o wonderful_a improver_n of_o land_n as_o it_o plain_o appear_v by_o this_o that_o they_o give_v extraordinary_a rate_n for_o land_n viz._n from_o 40_o s_o per_fw-la acre_n to_o 9_o pound_n and_o dig_v and_o how_o and_o dung_n their_o land_n which_o cost_v very_o much_o yet_o i_o know_v divers_a which_o by_o 2_o or_o 3_o acre_n of_o land_n maintain_v themselves_o and_o family_n and_o employ_v other_o about_o their_o ground_n and_o therefore_o their_o ground_n must_v yield_v a_o wonderful_a increase_n or_o else_o it_o can_v not_o pay_v charge_n yet_o i_o suppose_v there_o be_v many_o deficiency_n in_o this_o call_n 1._o because_o it_o be_v but_o of_o few_o year_n stand_v in_o england_n &_o therefore_o not_o deep_o root_v nor_o well_o understand_v about_o 50_o year_n ago_o about_o which_o time_n ingenuity_n first_o begin_v to_o flourish_v in_o england_n this_o art_n of_o garden_v begin_v to_o creep_v into_o england_n into_o sandwich_n and_o surrey_n fulham_n and_o other_o place_n some_o old_a man_n in_o surrey_n where_o it_o flourish_v very_o much_o at_o present_a report_n that_o they_o know_v the_o first_o gardiner_n that_o come_v into_o those_o part_n to_o plant_v cabbage_n colleflower_v and_o to_o sow_v turnip_n carrot_n and_o parsnip_n to_o sow_v raith_n or_o early_o ripe_a pease_n rape_n all_o which_o at_o that_o time_n be_v great_a rarity_n we_o have_v few_o or_o none_o in_o england_n but_o what_o come_v from_o holland_n and_o flanders_n these_o gardiner_n with_o much_o ado_n procure_v a_o plot_n of_o good_a ground_n and_o give_v no_o less_o than_o 8_o pound_n per_fw-la acre_n yet_o the_o gentleman_n be_v not_o content_a fear_v they_o will_v spoil_v his_o ground_n because_o they_o do_v use_v to_o dig_v it_o so_o ignorant_a be_v we_o of_o garden_v in_o those_o day_n 2._o many_o part_n of_o england_n be_v as_o yet_o whole_o ignorant_a gravesend_n within_o these_o 20_o year_n a_o famous_a town_n within_o less_o than_o 20_o mile_n off_o london_n have_v not_o so_o much_o as_o a_o mess_n of_o pease_n but_o what_o come_v from_o london_n where_o at_o present_a garden_v flourish_v much_o i_o can_v instance_n divers_a other_o place_n both_o in_o the_o north_n and_o west_n of_o england_n where_o the_o name_n of_o garden_v and_o how_v be_v scarce_o know_v in_o which_o place_n a_o few_o gardiner_n may_v have_v save_v the_o life_n of_o many_o poor_a people_n who_o have_v starve_v these_o dear_a year_n 3._o we_o have_v not_o gardening-ware_n in_o that_o plenty_n and_o cheapness_n unless_o perhaps_o about_o london_n as_o in_o holland_n and_o other_o place_n where_o they_o not_o only_o feed_v themselves_o with_o gardiner_n ware_n but_o also_o fat_a their_o hog_n and_o cow_n 4._o we_o have_v as_o yet_o divers_a thing_n from_o beyond_o sea_n which_o the_o gardiner_n may_v easy_o raise_v at_o home_n though_o nothing_o nigh_o so_o much_o as_o former_o for_o in_o queen_n elizabeth_n time_n we_o have_v not_o only_o our_o gardiner_n ware_n from_o holland_n but_o also_o cherry_n from_o flaunders_n apple_n from_o france_n saffron_n liquorish_a from_o spain_n hops_n from_o the_o low-countries_n and_o the_o frenchman_n who_o write_v the_o treasure_n politic_a say_v that_o it_o be_v one_o of_o the_o great_a deficiency_n of_o england_n that_o hop_n will_v not_o grow_v whereas_o now_o it_o be_v know_v that_o liquorish_a saffron_n cherry_n apple_n pear_n hop_n cabbage_n of_o england_n be_v the_o best_a in_o the_o world_n notwithstanding_o we_o as_o yet_o want_v many_o thing_n as_o for_o example_n we_o want_v onnion_n very_o many_o come_n to_o england_n from_o flaunders_n spain_n etc._n etc._n mad_a for_o die_v come_v from_o zurick-sea_n by_o zealand_n we_o have_v red_a rose_n from_o france_n annice-seed_n fennel-seed_n cumine_fw-la caraway_n rice_n from_o italy_n which_o without_o question_n will_v grow_v very_o well_o in_o divers_a
moist_a land_n in_o england_n yea_o sweet-marjoram_n barley_n and_o further_o gromwell-seed_n and_o virga_fw-la aurea_fw-la and_o will_v from_o the_o western_a isle_n though_o they_o grow_v in_o our_o hedge_n in_o england_n last_o garden_v be_v deficient_a in_o this_o particular_a that_o we_o have_v not_o nursery_n sufficient_a in_o this_o land_n of_o apple_n pear_n cherry_n vine_n chestnut_n almond_n etc._n etc._n but_o gentleman_n be_v necessitate_v to_o send_v to_o london_n some_o hundred_o mile_n for_o they_o brief_o for_o the_o advancement_n of_o this_o ingenuous_a call_n i_o only_o desire_v that_o industrious_a gentleman_n will_v be_v please_v to_o encourage_v some_o expert_a workman_n into_o the_o place_n where_o they_o live_v and_o to_o let_v they_o land_n at_o a_o reasonable_a rate_n and_o if_o they_o be_v poor_a and_o honest_a to_o lend_v a_o little_a stock_n they_o will_v soon_o see_v the_o benefit_n that_o will_v redound_v not_o only_o to_o themselves_o but_o also_o to_o all_o their_o neighbour_n especial_o the_o poor_a who_o be_v not_o a_o little_a sustain_v by_o the_o gardiner_n labour_n and_o ingenuity_n mildew_n 4._o our_o husbandry_n be_v deficient_a in_o this_o that_o we_o know_v not_o how_o to_o remedy_v the_o infirmity_n of_o our_o grow_a corn_n especial_o smut_n and_o mildew_n to_o instance_n in_o these_o two_o only_a which_o oftentimes_o bring_v great_a calamity_n to_o these_o nation_n smut_n in_o wet_a year_n mildew_n in_o dry_a these_o distemper_n in_o corn_n be_v not_o only_o in_o our_o country_n helmont_n but_o also_o in_o other_o place_n a_o learned_a author_n say_v that_o smuttiness_n of_o corn_n which_o make_v it_o smell_v like_o a_o red_a herring_n be_v not_o know_v in_o france_n till_o about_o 1530._o at_o which_o time_n the_o great_a foul_a disease_n begin_v to_o break_v forth_o in_o those_o part_n very_o hot_o which_o he_o conceive_v from_o hence_o to_o have_v some_o original_n as_o also_o the_o camp-disease_n mildew_n be_v very_o great_a in_o the_o kingdom_n of_o naples_n which_o oft_o stick_v to_o the_o scythe_n of_o those_o that_o mow_v grass_n and_o corn_n and_o god_n be_v thank_v we_o be_v not_o trouble_v with_o locust_n which_o be_v a_o great_a fly_a grass-hopper_n nor_o palmer-worm_n which_o be_v a_o kind_n of_o great_a black_a caterpillar_n which_o i_o have_v see_v destroy_v much_o in_o new-england_n nor_o with_o great_a hail_n in_o summer_n nor_o with_o great_a drought_n which_o stifle_v the_o ear_n in_o the_o stalk_n which_o calamity_n in_o hot_a country_n do_v very_o oft_o total_o destroy_v the_o honest_a and_o patient_a husbandman_n labour_n neither_o be_v we_o trouble_v with_o extreme_a cold_n which_o in_o new-england_n and_o other_o cold_a country_n do_v oft_o destroy_v the_o corn._n but_o to_o return_v to_o our_o purpose_n and_o first_o brief_o to_o show_v you_o my_o opinion_n concern_v the_o cause_n of_o smuttinesse_n i_o desire_v not_o to_o fetch_v cause_n afar_o off_o and_o to_o tell_v you_o of_o the_o sad_a conjunction_n of_o mars_n and_o saturn_n for_o i_o think_v quae_fw-la suprae_fw-la nos_fw-la belong_v not_o to_o we_o when_o as_o we_o have_v enough_o at_o home_n this_o be_v certain_a that_o there_o be_v many_o evident_a cause_n of_o this_o corruption_n of_o corn._n 1._o a_o moist_a season_n about_o kerning-time_n which_o moisture_n either_o corrupt_v the_o root_n of_o the_o plant_n or_o the_o nourishment_n of_o it_o or_o the_o seed_n in_o its_o embryo_n or_o perhaps_o in_o some_o measure_n all_o these_o 2._o low_o moist_a foggy_a ground_n for_o the_o reason_n above_o mention_v 3._o dung_v land_n in_o vineyard_n it_o be_v observe_v that_o dung_n cause_v more_o increase_n in_o quantity_n but_o less_o in_o goodness_n so_o that_o the_o ill-taste_a of_o the_o dung_n may_v easy_o be_v discern_v because_o wine_n have_v a_o high_a taste_n without_o question_n the_o same_o happen_v to_o other_o plant_n although_o it_o be_v not_o so_o easy_o discern_v for_o the_o ferment_n or_o ill_a odour_n of_o the_o dung_n can_v be_v overmastered_n by_o the_o plant_n as_o we_o see_v also_o in_o animal_n that_o corrupt_a diet_n cause_v unsavoury_a taste_n in_o the_o flesh_n so_o hog_n in_o newfoundland_n where_o they_o be_v nourish_v by_o fish_n may_v by_o their_o taste_n be_v call_v rather_o sea-porpusses_a than_o land-swine_n 4._o the_o sow_v of_o smutty_a corn_n oft_o produce_v smuttyness_n the_o son_n like_o unto_o the_o father_n i_o account_v smutty_n corn_n a_o imperfect_a or_o sick_a grain_n and_o suppose_v that_o by_o a_o microscope_n the_o imperfection_n may_v be_v discern_v last_o the_o sow_v of_o the_o same_o seed_n oft_o on_o the_o same_o field_n cause_v smuttyness_n because_o that_o nitrous_a juice_n which_o be_v convenient_a for_o the_o nourishment_n of_o the_o grain_n have_v be_v exhaust_v in_o the_o precedent_a year_n and_o therefore_o it_o be_v excellent_a husbandry_n every_o year_n to_o change_v the_o species_n of_o grain_n and_o also_o to_o buy_v your_o seed-corn_n from_o place_n far_o distant_a i_o be_o inform_v of_o a_o gentleman_n who_o do_v sow_v some_o wheat_n which_o come_v from_o spain_n where_o the_o grain_n be_v usual_o very_o hard_a and_o flinty_a and_o as_o it_o be_v transparent_a and_o far_o weighty_a than_o we_o as_o it_o appear_v by_o a_o measure_n at_o amsterdam_n which_o hold_v about_o 3_o bushel_n and_o in_o our_o wheat_n of_o the_o northern_a part_n weigh_v 160_o whereas_o the_o southern_a corn_n weigh_v sometime_o 180_o 200_o 220._o and_o have_v a_o crop_n beyond_o expectation_n the_o usual_a cure_n of_o smuttyness_n beside_o those_o mention_v before_o be_v these_o 1._o to_o lime_n your_o ground_n which_o warm_v and_o dry_v the_o land_n 2._o to_o lime_n your_o corn_n which_o be_v do_v thus_o first_o slack_v your_o lime_n and_o then_o moisten_v your_o corn_n or_o lime_n and_o stir_v they_o together_o till_o your_o grain_n be_v as_o big_a as_o a_o small_a pease_n this_o lime_v preserve_v corn_n likewise_o from_o bird_n and_o worm_n and_o be_v find_v a_o very_a good_a remedy_n against_o this_o disease_n other_o make_v a_o strong_a lie_n with_o common_a salt_n and_o steep_v their_o corn_n in_o it_o all_o night_n and_o then_o draw_v away_o their_o lie_n for_o further_a use_n which_o seldom_o fail_v of_o its_o desire_a effect_n whether_o this_o strong_a lie_n do_v by_o its_o corrosiveness_n mortify_v the_o weak_a and_o imperfect_a corn_n so_o that_o it_o will_v not_o grow_v or_o whether_o it_o be_v a_o remedy_n to_o cure_v the_o imperfection_n thereof_o be_v worth_a the_o enquiry_n i_o suppose_v this_o lie_n do_v exsicoate_n the_o superfluous_a humidity_n which_o be_v the_o cause_n of_o this_o corruption_n if_o corn_n be_v bring_v into_o the_o barn_n very_a smutty_n in_o kent_n they_o usual_o thresh_v it_o on_o dry_a floor_n plank_v with_o board_n by_o which_o mean_n the_o smuttyness_n be_v beat_v away_o and_o stick_v not_o to_o the_o grain_n only_o a_o little_a blackness_n appear_v about_o the_o eye_n but_o if_o it_o be_v thresh_v on_o a_o moist_a floor_n the_o blackness_n stick_v to_o the_o grain_n which_o therefore_o appear_v dark_a and_o be_v sell_v at_o a_o low_a rate_n to_o the_o baker_n mildew_n be_v without_o question_n a_o unctuous_a dew_n which_o descend_v from_o above_o about_o midsummer_n it_o abound_v in_o dry_a year_n as_o smuttynesse_n in_o moist_a i_o can_v think_v that_o there_o be_v ordinary_o any_o malgnity_n in_o this_o dew_n but_o it_o produce_v its_o effect_n by_o manifest_a cause_n viz._n from_o a_o oily_a viscuous_a quality_n which_o stop_v the_o pore_n of_o the_o husk_n wherein_o the_o wheat_n lie_v and_o deprive_v it_o from_o the_o air_n and_o consequent_o from_o nourishment_n for_o the_o air_n be_v the_o life_n of_o all_o thing_n i_o have_v hear_v and_o do_v believe_v that_o if_o you_o streak_v any_o ear_n of_o wheat_n with_o oil_n it_o will_v produce_v the_o same_o effect_n i_o be_o sorry_a that_o i_o never_o try_v that_o i_o may_v better_o understand_v the_o nature_n of_o this_o sad_a calamity_n which_o often_o undo_v the_o industrious_a husbandman_n and_o cause_v great_a scarcity_n in_o this_o isle_n it_o be_v to_o be_v observe_v further_o that_o wheat_n only_o suffer_v considerable_a damage_n by_o mildew_n because_o it_o lie_v in_o a_o chaffy_a husk_n which_o other_o grain_n do_v not_o the_o ground_n most_o subject_a to_o mildew_v be_v these_o 1._o those_o that_o be_v enclose_v with_o tree_n and_o high_a hedge_n and_o true_o this_o be_v the_o only_a great_a inconveniency_n i_o find_v by_o enclosure_n 2._o low_a valley_n i_o have_v see_v very_o oft_o in_o the_o same_o field_n the_o bank_n fine_a bright_a corn_n and_o all_o the_o low_a part_n though_o great_a in_o straw_n yet_o little_a worth_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o mildew_n 3._o dung_n make_v of_o straw_n i_o have_v observe_v to_o dispose_v much_o to_o mildew_v
which_o he_o tie_v the_o vine_n by_o this_o mean_v his_o vine_n have_v the_o reflection_n of_o the_o yard_n side_n of_o the_o house_n and_o tile_n do_v ripen_v very_o well_o and_o bear_v much_o so_o that_o one_o old_a vine_n have_v produce_v nigh_o a_o hogshead_n of_o wine_n in_o one_o year_n and_o i_o wish_v all_o to_o take_v this_o course_n which_o be_v neither_o chargeable_a nor_o troublesome_a but_o very_o pleasant_a and_o if_o all_o in_o this_o island_n will_v do_v thus_o it_o be_v incredible_a what_o abundance_n of_o wine_n may_v be_v make_v even_o by_o this_o petty_a way_n 2._o if_o that_o any_o gentleman_n will_v be_v at_o the_o charge_n of_o make_v a_o vineyard_n let_v he_o choose_v a_o fine_a sandy_a warm_a hill_n open_a to_o the_o southeast_n rather_o than_o to_o the_o south-west_n for_o though_o the_o south-west_n seem_v to_o be_v hot_a yet_o the_o southeast_n ripen_v better_a as_o i_o have_v see_v in_o oxford_n garden_n because_o the_o southeast_n be_v soon_o warm_v by_o the_o sun_n in_o the_o morning_n and_o the_o south-west_n wind_n be_v the_o wind_n which_o blow_v most_o frequent_o and_o bring_v rain_n which_o refrigerate_v the_o plant_n and_o such_o a_o place_n be_v very_o requisite_a for_o in_o other_o place_n vine_n do_v not_o thrive_v even_o in_o france_n for_o if_o you_o travel_v betwixt_o paris_n and_o orleans_n which_o be_v above_o 30_o league_n yet_o you_o shall_v scarce_o see_v a_o vineyard_n because_o it_o be_v a_o plain_a champion-countrey_n so_o likewise_o betwixt_o fontarabia_n to_o bordeaux_n in_o the_o southern_a part_n of_o france_n for_o a_o hundred_o mile_n together_o because_o the_o land_n be_v general_o a_o barren_a sandy_a plain_n where_o only_a heath_n abound_v and_o pinetree_n out_o of_o which_o they_o make_v turpentine_n and_o resin_n by_o wound_v of_o they_o and_o tar_n and_o pitch_n by_o the_o burn_a of_o they_o and_o if_o any_o find_v such_o a_o fine_a warm_a hill_n and_o do_v dung_n and_o fence_v it_o well_o he_o have_v 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extraordinary_a rain_n fall_v yet_o we_o may_v help_v the_o immaturity_n by_o ingenuity_n as_o i_o shall_v tell_v you_o anon_o or_o at_o worst_a make_v vinegar_n or_o verjuice_n which_o will_v pay_v cost_n further_o these_o advantage_n we_o have_v of_o france_n 1._o this_o isle_n be_v not_o subject_a to_o nip_a frost_n in_o may_n as_o france_n be_v because_o we_o be_v in_o a_o isle_n where_o the_o air_n be_v more_o gross_a then_o in_o the_o continent_n and_o therefore_o not_o so_o pierce_a and_o sharp_a as_o it_o plain_o appear_v by_o our_o winter_n which_o be_v not_o so_o sharp_a as_o in_o milan_n in_o italy_n neither_o be_v we_o subject_n to_o such_o storm_n of_o hail_n in_o summer_n which_o be_v very_o frequent_a in_o hot_a country_n and_o for_o many_o mile_n together_o do_v spoil_v their_o vine_n so_o that_o they_o can_v make_v wine_n of_o the_o grape_n for_o those_o grape_n which_o be_v touch_v by_o the_o hail_n have_v a_o sulphureous_a and_o a_o very_a unpleasant_a taste_n and_o only_o fit_a to_o make_v aquavitae_n further_o sometime_o in_o france_n cask_n for_o their_o wine_n be_v so_o dear_a that_o a_o tun_n of_o wine_n may_v be_v have_v for_o a_o tun_n of_o cask_n and_o the_o custom_n and_o excize_n which_o be_v lay_v on_o wine_n here_o be_v as_o much_o again_o as_o the_o poor_a vigueron_n in_o france_n expect_v for_o his_o wine_n not_o to_o speak_v of_o the_o ill_a manage_n of_o their_o vine_n especial_o about_o paris_n where_o poor_a man_n usual_o hire_v a_o acre_n or_o 2_o of_o vine_n which_o they_o manage_v at_o their_o spare_a hour_n and_o most_o common_o pack_v in_o so_o many_o plant_n of_o vine_n on_o their_o ground_n for_o to_o have_v the_o great_a increase_n that_o the_o ground_n and_o vine_n be_v so_o shade_v by_o one_o another_o that_o i_o have_v wonder_v that_o the_o sun_n can_v dart_v in_o his_o beam_n to_o mature_v they_o and_o therefore_o i_o can_v but_o affirm_v again_o that_o we_o may_v make_v abundance_n of_o wine_n here_o with_o profit_n the_o charge_n of_o a_o acre_n of_o vineyard_n not_o be_v so_o great_a as_o of_o hop_n a_o hundred_o set_v well_o root_v at_o paris_n cost_v usual_o but_o 4_o or_o 6_o sous_fw-fr or_o penny_n where_o i_o have_v buy_v many_o 2000_o will_n plant_v a_o acre_n very_o well_o 50_o s._n a_o year_n be_v the_o ordinary_a rate_n for_o the_o three_o digging_n with_o their_o crooked_a instrument_n call_v hoyau_n and_o the_o increase_n usual_o four_o tun_n for_o a_o acre_n which_o will_v be_v profit_n enough_o and_o though_o i_o refer_v all_o to_o bonovil_n and_o other_o who_o have_v write_v of_o the_o manage_n of_o vine_n yet_o i_o counsel_v to_o get_v a_o vigneron_n from_o france_n where_o there_o be_v plenty_n and_o at_o cheap_a rate_n than_o ordinary_a servant_n here_o and_o who_o will_v be_v serviceable_a also_o for_o garden_v 2._o i_o will_v brief_o tell_v what_o i_o have_v see_v in_o italy_n through_o all_o lombardy_n which_o be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n plain_a and_o champion_n their_o vine_n grow_v in_o their_o hedge_n on_o walnut-tree_n for_o the_o most_o part_n in_o which_o field_n they_o speak_v of_o three_o harvest_n yearly_a viz._n 1._o winter-corn_n which_o be_v reap_v in_o june_n etc._n etc._n 2._o vine_n and_o walnut_n which_o be_v gather_v in_o september_n 3._o their_o summer-grain_n as_o millet_n panicle_n chiche_n vetch_n etc._n etc._n buck-wheat_n frumentone_n or_o that_o which_o we_o call_v virginia-wheat_n turnip_n which_o they_o sow_v in_o july_n when_o their_o winter-corn_n be_v cut_v and_o reap_v they_o reap_v in_o october_n in_o france_n their_o vine_n grow_v three_o manner_n of_o way_n in_o proveâ—â—e_n they_o cut_v the_o vine_n about_o two_o foot_n high_a and_o make_v it_o strong_a and_o stub_a like_a as_o we_o do_v our_o osier_n which_o stock_n bear_v up_o the_o branch_n without_o a_o prop._n 2._o about_o orleans_n and_o where_o they_o be_v more_o curious_a they_o make_v frame_n for_o they_o to_o run_v along_o 3._o about_o paris_n they_o tie_v they_o to_o short_a pole_n as_o we_o do_v hop_n to_o long_o one_o in_o france_n they_o usual_o make_v trench_n or_o small_a ditch_n about_o three_o or_o four_o foot_n from_o one_o another_o and_o therein_o plant_v their_o vine_n about_o one_o foot_n and_o a_o half_a deep_a which_o be_v a_o good_a way_n and_o very_o much_o to_o be_v commend_v but_o if_o we_o here_o in_o england_n plant_v vine_n as_o we_o do_v hop_n 4_o or_o 5_o foot_n distant_a it_o will_v do_v very_o well_o but_o let_v they_o not_o be_v pack_v together_o too_o thick_a as_o they_o do_v in_o france_n in_o many_o place_n lest_o they_o too_o much_o shade_v the_o ground_n and_o one_o another_o in_o italy_n when_o they_o tread_v their_o grape_n with_o their_o foot_n in_o a_o cart_n they_o pour_v the_o juice_n into_o a_o great_a vessel_n or_o fat_a and_o put_v to_o it_o all_o their_o husk_n and_o stone_n which_o they_o call_v grasp_v and_o let_v they_o ferment_n or_o as_o we_o say_v work_v together_o 12_o or_o 14_o day_n and_o usual_o they_o put_v one_o three_o of_o water_n to_o it_o this_o make_v a_o wine_n less_o furious_a garbo_n or_o rough_a and_o therefore_o a_o good_a stomach_n wine_n but_o it_o spoil_v the_o colour_n and_o take_v away_o the_o pleasant_a brisk_a taste_n in_o france_n so_o soon_o as_o they_o have_v press_v out_o their_o liquor_n with_o their_o foot_n they_o put_v it_o in_o hogshead_n and_o after_o in_o their_o press_n squeeze_v out_o what_o they_o can_v out_o of_o the_o grasp_v which_o seem_v to_o fill_v up_o their_o hogshead_n while_o they_o work_v which_o be_v usual_o three_o or_o four_o day_n and_o then_o stop_v they_o close_o this_o be_v also_o the_o way_n use_v in_o germany_n and_o be_v the_o best_a
for_o it_o make_v a_o fine_a gentile_a wine_n with_o a_o curious_a colour_n in_o germany_n when_o their_o grape_n be_v green_a they_o make_v fire_n in_o their_o sellars_n in_o stove_n by_o the_o which_o mean_n their_o wine_n work_v extraordinary_o and_o do_v digest_v themselves_o the_o better_a this_o course_n we_o must_v also_o take_v here_o in_o england_n some_o year_n for_o it_o help_v the_o rawness_n of_o all_o liquor_n very_o much_o there_o be_v a_o ingenious_a dutchman_n who_o have_v a_o secret_a which_o as_o yet_o he_o will_v not_o reveal_v how_o to_o help_v maturation_n by_o a_o compost_n apply_v to_o the_o root_n the_o compost_n which_o i_o have_v speak_v of_o before_o make_v of_o brimstone_n pigeons-dung_n be_v very_o excellent_a for_o that_o purpose_n glauber_n as_o also_o lâ—es_v of_o wine_n blood_n lime_n use_v with_o moderation_n he_o also_o know_v how_o to_o make_v sour_a grape_n produce_v good_a wine_n i_o suppose_v his_o way_n to_o be_v this_o first_o all_o juice_n of_o grape_n new_o express_v be_v sweet_a and_o which_o may_v by_o itself_o alone_o be_v make_v into_o a_o sweet_a syrup_n by_o boil_v which_o the_o french_a call_n racineè_n further_o in_o the_o evaporation_n of_o liquor_n which_o have_v not_o ferment_v or_o wrought_v the_o watery_a part_n go_v away_o first_o 3._o fermentation_n give_v a_o vinous_a taste_n and_o make_v a_o liquor_n full_a of_o spirit_n you_o may_v then_o easy_o guess_v at_o the_o way_n and_o perhaps_o he_o may_v add_v also_o sugar_n and_o spice_n as_o the_o vintuer_n do_v when_o they_o make_v hippocras_n i_o know_v a_o gentleman_n who_o have_v make_v excellent_a wine_n of_o raisin_n well_o boil_v in_o water_n and_o afterward_o ferment_v by_o itself_o or_o with_o barm_n it_o be_v call_v usual_o mead_n i_o likewise_o know_v that_o all_o sweet_a and_o fatty_a juice_n will_v make_v sine_fw-la vinous_a liquor_n as_o damsin_n if_o they_o be_v wrought_v or_o ferment_v ingenious_o but_o whosoever_o go_v about_o such_o experiment_n let_v he_o not_o think_v that_o any_o thing_n be_v good_a enough_o for_o these_o purpose_n but_o let_v he_o use_v the_o best_a he_o can_v get_v for_o of_o naughty_a corrupt_a thing_n who_o can_v expect_v that_o which_o be_v excellent_a and_o delicate_a flax._n the_o deficiency_n of_o we_o in_o this_o kind_n be_v so_o obvious_a that_o all_o the_o world_n take_v notice_n of_o it_o and_o it_o be_v next_o the_o neglect_n of_o fish_v the_o great_a shame_n to_o this_o nation_n for_o all_o know_v that_o we_o have_v as_o good_a land_n for_o these_o seed_n as_o any_o can_v be_v find_v in_o europe_n and_o that_o the_o sow_v of_o they_o require_v neither_o more_o labour_n cost_n or_o skill_n than_o other_o seed_n and_o further_o that_o the_o material_n make_v from_o these_o be_v extreme_o necessary_a for_o how_o miserable_a shall_v we_o be_v without_o linen_n canvas_n cordage_n net_n how_o can_v we_o put_v our_o ship_n to_o sea_n which_o be_v the_o bulwark_n of_o this_o isle_n and_o yet_o we_o be_v necessitate_v to_o have_v these_o commodity_n from_o those_o who_o will_v destroy_v i_o will_v not_o say_v the_o nation_n but_o i_o may_v bold_o say_v our_o ship_n and_o trade_n i_o hope_v that_o this_o will_v more_o serious_o be_v consider_v by_o those_o at_o the_o helm_n of_o our_o state_n i_o will_v free_o and_o plain_o relate_v how_o this_o deficiency_n may_v easy_o be_v remedy_v according_a to_o my_o judgement_n 1._o to_o compel_v by_o a_o law_n that_o all_o farmer_n who_o plough_n and_o sow_v 50_o or_o 100_o acre_n of_o land_n shall_v sow_v half_o a_o acre_n or_o a_o acre_n of_o hemp_n or_o flax._n or_o to_o pay_v 5_o s._n or_o 10_o s._n to_o the_o poor_a of_o the_o parish_n where_o they_o live_v or_o some_o law_n to_o this_o purpose_n for_o there_o be_v no_o man_n but_o have_v land_n fit_a for_o one_o of_o these_o hemp_n desire_v a_o stiff_a deep_a rich_a land_n flax_n that_o which_o be_v light_n for_o there_o be_v so_o much_o irrationality_n in_o some_o profession_n that_o they_o must_v be_v force_v even_o like_o bruit_n to_o understand_v their_o own_o good·_v in_o king_n edward_n the_o six_o day_n something_o be_v enact_v to_o this_o purpose_n as_o i_o be_o inform_v in_o henry_n the_o eight_o day_n there_o be_v a_o law_n enact_v that_o every_o man_n shall_v sow_v his_o land_n and_o that_o no_o man_n shall_v enclose_v his_o land_n lest_o he_o shall_v turn_v it_o to_o pasture_n for_o we_o have_v have_v great_a dearth_n in_o england_n through_o the_o neglect_n of_o tillage_n which_o law_n even_o as_o yet_o stand_v in_o force_n yet_o there_o be_v not_o nor_o need_v there_o be_v any_o force_n to_o compel_v man_n to_o till_o and_o sow_v their_o land_n for_o they_o have_v at_o length_n find_v the_o sweetness_n and_o willing_o go_v about_o it_o for_o their_o own_o profit_n sake_n and_o now_o we_o suppose_v and_o not_o without_o cause_n that_o enclose_v be_v a_o improvement_n and_o so_o concern_v hemp_n and_o flax_n i_o say_v if_o they_o be_v once_o accustom_v to_o sow_v they_o they_o will_v never_o leave_v it_o as_o i_o see_v farmer_n do_v in_o east-kent_n scarce_o a_o man_n but_o he_o will_v have_v a_o considerable_a plot_n of_o ground_n for_o hemp_n and_o about_o london_n far_o great_a quantity_n of_o flax_n be_v sow_v then_o former_o 2._o it_o be_v convenient_a that_o every_o parish_n through_o the_o nation_n shall_v have_v a_o stock_n to_o set_v their_o poor_a to_o work_v that_o the_o young_a child_n and_o woman_n may_v not_o run_v up_o and_o down_o idle_a and_o beg_v or_o steal_v as_o they_o do_v in_o the_o country_n of_o apple_n pease_n wood_n hedges_n and_o so_o by_o little_a and_o little_a be_v train_v up_o for_o the_o gallow_n 3._o that_o a_o severe_a law_n shall_v be_v enact_v against_o those_o who_o run_v up_o and_o down_o and_o will_v not_o work_v for_o if_o all_o know_v that_o they_o may_v have_v work_n at_o home_n and_o earn_v more_o within_o door_n honest_o then_o by_o run_v rogue_v up_o and_o down_o why_o shall_v they_o not_o compel_v they_o to_o it_o and_o though_o some_o may_v think_v the_o parish_n will_v lose_v much_o by_o this_o way_n because_o that_o the_o stock_n wrought_v will_v not_o be_v put_v off_o but_o with_o loss_n as_o perhaps_o 10_o l._n will_v be_v bring_v to_o 8_o l._n yet_o let_v they_o consider_v how_o much_o they_o shall_v save_v at_o their_o door_n how_o many_o inconvenience_n they_o be_v free_v from_o their_o hedge_n in_o the_o country_n shall_v not_o be_v pull_v their_o fruit_n steal_v nor_o their_o corn_n purloin_v and_o further_o that_o the_o poor_a will_v be_v train_v up_o to_o work_v and_o therefore_o fit_a for_o any_o service_n yea_o and_o in_o their_o youth_n learn_v a_o call_n by_o the_o which_o they_o may_v get_v a_o honest_a livelihood_n and_o i_o dare_v say_v their_o assessment_n for_o the_o poor_a will_v not_o be_v so_o frequent_a nor_o the_o poor_a so_o numerous_a and_o the_o benefit_n which_o redound_v to_o the_o nation_n will_v be_v very_o great_a 4._o the_o charitable_a deed_n of_o our_o forefather_n aught_o to_o be_v inquire_v after_o that_o they_o be_v not_o misplace_v as_o usual_o they_o be_v but_o be_v real_o bestow_v for_o the_o good_a of_o the_o poor_a that_o be_v laborious_a as_o in_o london_n be_v begin_v and_o if_o there_o be_v any_o that_o will_v not_o work_v take_v saint_n paul_n rule_n who_o best_o know_v what_o be_v best_a for_o they_o i_o dare_v not_o advise_v to_o take_v it_o in_o part_n of_o commons_o fen_n etc._n etc._n and_o to_o improve_v they_o for_o this_o use_n lest_o i_o shall_v too_o much_o provoke_v the_o rude_a merciless_a multitude_n but_o to_o return_v to_o my_o discourse_n i_o say_v that_o sow_v hemp_n and_o flax_n will_v be_v very_o beneficial_a 1._o to_o the_o owner_n of_o land_n for_o man_n usual_o give_v in_o divers_a place_n 3_o l._n per_fw-la acre_n to_o sow_v hemp_n and_o flax_n as_o i_o have_v see_v at_o maidstone_n in_o kent_n which_o be_v the_o only_a place_n i_o know_v in_o england_n where_o thread_n be_v make_v and_o though_o nigh_o a_o hundred_o band_n be_v employ_v about_o it_o yet_o they_o make_v not_o enough_o for_o this_o nation_n and_o yet_o get_v good_a profit_n how_o advantageous_a will_v this_o be_v to_o those_o who_o have_v drain_v the_o fen_n where_o questionless_a hemp_n will_v flourish_v and_o exsiccate_a the_o ground_n for_o hemp_n desire_v stiff_o moist_a land_n as_o flax_n light_n and_o dry_a and_o likewise_o to_o those_o in_o the_o north_n of_o england_n where_o land_n be_v very_o cheap_a i_o hope_v in_o a_o little_a time_n ireland_n will_v furnish_v we_o with_o these_o commodity_n if_o we_o be_v idle_a for_o there_o land_n be_v very_o cheap_a and_o those_o
venture_v to_o give_v some_o hint_n that_o some_o more_o able_a pen_n may_v engage_v in_o this_o difficult_a question_n which_o strike_v at_o the_o root_n of_o nature_n and_o may_v unlock_v some_o of_o her_o choice_a treasure_n the_o lord_n bacon_n have_v gather_v stubble_n as_o he_o ingenious_o and_o true_o affirm_v for_o the_o brick_n of_o this_o foundation_n but_o as_o yet_o i_o have_v not_o see_v so_o much_o as_o a_o solid_a foundation_n plain_o lay_v by_o any_o on_o which_o a_o ingenious_a man_n may_v venture_v to_o raise_v a_o noble_a fabric_n i_o acknowledge_v the_o burden_n too_o heavy_a for_o my_o shoulder_n i_o will_v not_o deny_v but_o that_o we_o have_v good_a husband_n meadow_n who_o dung_n and_o marl_n their_o meadow_n and_o pasture-land_n and_o throw_v down_o all_o mole_n and_o ant-hill_n and_o with_o their_o spud-staffe_n cut_v up_o all_o thistle_n and_o weed_n and_o that_o they_o likewise_o straw_n ash_n on_o their_o ground_n to_o kill_v the_o moss_n and_o salt_n for_o the_o worm_n and_o they_o do_v very_o well_o but_o yet_o there_o be_v many_o who_o be_v negligent_a in_o these_o particular_n for_o the_o which_o they_o be_v blame-worthy_a but_o the_o deficiency_n of_o which_o i_o intend_v to_o speak_v of_o be_v these_o follow_v cato_n one_o of_o the_o wise_a of_o the_o roman_n sai_z that_o pratum_fw-la est_fw-la quasi_fw-la paratum_fw-la always_o ready_a and_o prepare_v and_o prefer_v meadow_n before_o the_o olive-garden_n although_o the_o spaniard_n bequeath_v olive-tree_n to_o their_o child_n as_o we_o do_v cottage_n or_o vine_n or_o corn_n because_o meadow_n bring_v in_o a_o certain_a profit_n without_o labour_n and_o pain_n but_o the_o other_o require_v much_o cost_n and_o pain_n and_o be_v subject_a to_o frost_n mildew_n haile_o locust_n to_o the_o which_o for_o the_o honour_n of_o meadow_n i_o may_v add_v that_o the_o stock_n of_o meadow_n be_v of_o great_a value_n and_o the_o commodity_n which_o arise_v from_o they_o be_v divers_a and_o of_o great_a value_n than_o corn_n as_o butter_n cheese_n tollow_v hides_n beef_n wool_n and_o therefore_o i_o may_v conclude_v that_o england_n abound_v in_o pasture_n more_o than_o other_o country_n be_v therefore_o rich_a and_o i_o know_v what_o other_o think_v i_o care_v not_o that_o france_n acre_n for_o acre_n be_v not_o comparable_a to_o it_o fortescue_n chancellor_n of_o england_n say_v that_o we_o get_v more_o in_o england_n by_o stand_v still_o than_o the_o french_a by_o work_v but_o to_o speak_v of_o the_o deficiency_n among_o we_o 1._o we_o be_v to_o blame_v that_o we_o have_v neglect_v the_o great_a clover-grass_n saint_n foin_n lucerne_n 2._o that_o we_o do_v not_o float_v our_o land_n as_o they_o do_v in_o lombard_n where_o they_o mow_v their_o land_n three_o or_o four_o time_n yearly_a which_o consist_v of_o the_o great_a clover-grass_n here_o be_v the_o excellent_a parmisane_n cheese_n make_v and_o indeed_o these_o pasture_n far_o exceed_v any_o other_o place_n in_o italy_n yea_o in_o europe_n we_o here_o in_o england_n have_v great_a opportunity_n by_o brook_n and_o river_n in_o all_o place_n to_o do_v so_o but_o we_o be_v negligent_a yet_o we_o may_v hereby_o double_v if_o not_o treble_v our_o profit_n kill_v all_o rush_n etc._n etc._n but_o he_o that_o desire_v to_o know_v the_o manner_n how_o to_o do_v this_o and_o that_o profit_n that_o will_v arise_v thereby_o let_v he_o read_v mr._n blithe_n book_n of_o husbandry_n late_o print_v 3._o that_o when_o we_o lie_v down_o land_n for_o meadow_n or_o pasture_n we_o do_v not_o sow_v they_o with_o the_o seed_n of_o fine_a sweet_a grass_n trefoil_n and_o other_o excellent_a herb_n concern_v this_o you_o may_v read_v a_o large_a treatise_n of_o the_o countrey-farmer_n for_o if_o the_o land_n be_v rich_a it_o will_v put_v forth_o weed_n and_o trumpery_n and_o perhaps_o a_o kind_n of_o sour_a grass_n little_a worth_n if_o it_o be_v poor_a you_o shall_v have_v thistle_n may-weed_n and_o little_a or_o no_o grass_n for_o a_o year_n or_o two_o i_o know_v a_o gentleman_n who_o at_o my_o entreaty_n sow_v with_o his_o oat_n the_o bottom_n of_o his_o hay-mow_n and_o though_o his_o land_n be_v wear_v out_o of_o heart_n and_o natural_o poor_a yet_o he_o have_v that_o year_n not_o only_o a_o crop_n of_o oat_n but_o he_o may_v if_o it_o have_v please_v he_o have_v mow_v his_o grass_n also_o but_o he_o spare_v it_o which_o be_v well_o do_v till_o the_o next_o year_n that_o it_o may_v make_v a_o turf_n and_o grow_v strong_a by_o this_o husbandry_n land_n may_v be_v well_o improve_v especial_o if_o man_n do_v consider_v the_o diversity_n of_o grass_n which_o be_v ninety_o sort_n and_o three_o and_o twenty_o of_o trefoil_n i_o know_v a_o place_n in_o kent_n which_o be_v a_o white_a chalky_a down_n which_o ground_n be_v sometime_o sow_v with_o corn_n a_o year_n or_o two_o and_o then_o it_o rest_v as_o long_o or_o long_o when_o it_o be_v lay_v down_o it_o maintain_v many_o great_a sheep_n and_o very_o lusty_a so_o that_o they_o be_v even_o fit_a for_o the_o butcher_n and_o yet_o there_o do_v scarce_o appear_v any_o thing_n that_o they_o can_v eat_v which_o have_v cause_v divers_a to_o wonder_v as_o if_o they_o have_v live_v on_o chalk-stone_n but_o i_o more_o serious_o consider_v the_o matter_n thorough_o view_v the_o ground_n and_o perceive_v that_o the_o ground_n natural_o produce_v a_o small_a trefoil_n which_o it_o seem_v be_v very_o sweet_a and_o pleasant_a it_o be_v common_o call_v trifolium_fw-la luteum_fw-la or_o lupilinum_n that_o be_v yellow_a or_o hop-trefoil_n and_o i_o be_o persuade_v if_o that_o the_o seed_n of_o this_o trefoil_n be_v preserve_v and_o sow_v with_o oat_n when_o they_o intend_v to_o lay_v it_o down_o it_o will_v very_o much_o advance_v the_o pasture_n of_o that_o place_n therefore_o i_o desire_v all_o ingenious_a man_n serious_o to_o consider_v the_o nature_n of_o the_o trefoil_n which_o be_v the_o sweet_a of_o grass_n and_o to_o observe_v on_o what_o ground_n they_o natural_o grow_v and_o also_o the_o nature_n of_o other_o grass_n which_o as_o i_o have_v say_v before_o be_v no_o less_o than_o ninety_o sort_n natural_o grow_v in_o this_o isle_n some_o on_o watery_a place_n some_o on_o dry_a some_o on_o clay_n other_o on_o sand_n chalk_n etc._n etc._n some_o on_o fruitful_a place_n other_o in_o barren_a by_o the_o which_o mean_n i_o suppose_v a_o solid_a foundation_n may_v be_v lay_v for_o the_o advance_n of_o pasture-land_n of_o all_o sort_n through_o this_o island_n for_o i_o know_v some_o plant_n as_o the_o orchis_n call_v bee-flower_n etc._n etc._n which_o will_v thrive_v better_o on_o the_o chalky_a barren_a bank_n then_o in_o any_o garden_n though_o the_o mould_n be_v never_o so_o rich_a and_o delicate_a and_o the_o gardener_n very_o diligent_a in_o cherish_v of_o it_o and_o why_o may_v not_o the_o same_o propriety_n be_v in_o grass_n for_o we_o see_v diverse_a beauty_n grass_n to_o thrive_v espcial_o on_o barren_a place_n where_o scarce_o any_o thing_n else_o will_v grow_v i_o must_v again_o and_o again_o desire_v all_o man_n to_o take_v notice_n of_o the_o wonderful_a grass_n which_o grow_v near_o salisbury_n and_o desire_v they_o to_o try_v it_o on_o their_o rich_a meadow_n it_o be_v a_o common_a say_n that_o there_o be_v more_o waste_n land_n in_o england_n in_o many_o particular_n then_o in_o all_o europe_n beside_o land_n consider_v the_o quantity_n of_o land_n i_o dare_v not_o say_v this_o be_v true_a but_o hope_v if_o it_o be_v so_o that_o it_o will_v be_v mend_v for_o of_o late_a much_o have_v be_v do_v for_o the_o advancement_n of_o these_o kind_n of_o land_n yet_o there_o be_v as_o your_o great_a deficiency_n in_o the_o time_n of_o papistry_n all_o in_o this_o island_n be_v either_o soldier_n or_o scholar_n scholar_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o great_a honour_n privilege_n and_o profit_n the_o three_o part_n of_o the_o kingdom_n belong_v to_o they_o and_o soldier_n because_o of_o the_o many_o and_o great_a war_n with_o france_n scotland_n ireland_n wales_n and_o in_o those_o time_n gentleman_n think_v it_o a_o honour_n to_o be_v careless_a and_o to_o have_v house_n furniture_n diet_n exercise_n apparel_n etc._n etc._n yea_o all_o thing_n at_o home_n and_o abroad_o soldierlike_a music_n picture_n perfume_n sauce_n unless_o good_a stomach_n be_v count_v perhaps_o unjust_o too_o effeminate_a in_o queen_n elizabeth_n day_n ingenuity_n curiosity_n and_o good_a husbandry_n begin_v to_o take_v place_n and_o then_o salt-marsh_n begin_v to_o be_v fence_v from_o the_o sea_n and_o yet_o many_o be_v neglect_v even_o to_o our_o day_n as_o holhaven_n in_o essex_n axtel-holme_a isle_n nigh_o yorkshire_n many_o 1000_o of_o acre_n have_v late_o be_v gain_v from_o the_o sea_n in_o lincolnshire_n and_o as_o
yet_o more_o be_v to_o be_v take_v in_o there_o and_o in_o other_o place_n rumsey-marsh_n in_o kent_n consist_v of_o 45000_o acre_n and_o upward_o as_o cambden_n relate_v be_v of_o some_o antiquity_n where_o the_o land_n be_v usual_o set_v 30_o s._n per_fw-la acre_n and_o yet_o 1_o d._n per_fw-la week_n constant_o be_v pay_v through_o the_o whole_a levil_n for_o the_o maintenance_n of_o the_o wall_n and_o now_o and_o then_o twopence_n whereas_o ordinary_a salt_n be_v account_v dear_a at_o five_o shilling_n or_o six_o shilling_n per_fw-la acre_n so_o that_o the_o improvement_n be_v very_o considerable_a the_o same_o i_o may_v say_v of_o fen_n especial_o that_o great_a fen_n of_o lincolnshire_n cambridg_n huntingdon_n consist_v as_o i_o be_o inform_v of_o 380000_o acre_n which_o be_v now_o almost_o recover_v and_o a_o friend_n of_o i_o tell_v i_o very_o late_o that_o he_o have_v proffer_v a_o mark_n per_fw-la acre_n for_o 900_o acre_n together_o to_o sow_v rape_n on_o which_o former_o be_v scarce_o value_v at_o twelve_o penny_n per_fw-la acre_n very_o great_a therefore_o be_v the_o improvement_n by_o drain_n of_o land_n and_o our_o negligence_n very_o great_a that_o they_o have_v be_v waist_n so_o long_o and_o as_o yet_o so_o continue_v in_o divers_a place_n for_o the_o improve_n of_o a_o kingdom_n be_v better_a than_o the_o conquer_a of_o a_o new_a one_o 2._o i_o see_v likewise_o no_o small_a fault_n in_o this_o land_n by_o have_v so_o many_o chase_n and_o forest_n where_o bramble_n brake_n furze_n do_v grow_v when_o as_o these_o trumpery_n may_v be_v cut_v up_o and_o pot-ash_n make_v of_o they_o and_o the_o ground_n employ_v profitable_o for_o corn_n or_o pasture_n i_o know_v a_o forest_n by_o brill_n in_o buckinghamshire_n take_v in_o and_o the_o land_n be_v usual_o let_v be_v now_o well_o enclose_v for_o 4_o or_o 5_o noble_n per_n acre_n in_o lancashire_n also_o as_o about_o lerpoole_n and_o elsewhere_o i_o have_v see_v commons_o little_a worth_n advance_v to_o a_o great_a price_n by_o marling_n etc._n etc._n 3._o sort_v of_o waste-land_n be_v dry_a heaâ—hy_a commons_o i_o know_v that_o poor_a people_n will_v cry_v out_o against_o i_o because_o i_o call_v these_o waste-land_n but_o it_o be_v no_o matter_n i_o desire_v ingenious_a gentleman_n serious_o to_o consider_v whether_o or_o no_o these_o land_n may_v not_o be_v improve_v very_o much_o by_o the_o husbandry_n of_o flaunders_n viz._n by_o sow_v flax_n turnip_n great_a clover-grass_n if_o that_o manure_n be_v make_v by_o fould_a sheep_n after_o the_o flaunders_n way_n to_o keep_v it_o in_o heart_n 2._o whether_o the_o rottenness_n and_o scabbinesse_n of_o sheep_n murrain_n of_o cattle_n disease_n of_o horse_n and_o in_o general_a all_o disease_n of_o cattle_n do_v not_o especial_o proceed_v from_o commons_o 3._o if_o the_o rich_a man_n who_o be_v able_a to_o keep_v great_a stock_n be_v not_o great_a gainer_n by_o they_o 4._o whether_o commons_o do_v not_o rather_o make_v poor_a by_o cause_v idleness_n than_o maintain_v they_o and_o such_o poor_a who_o be_v train_v up_o rather_o for_o the_o gallow_n or_o beggary_n then_o for_o the_o commonwealth_n service_n 5._o how_o it_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o there_o be_v few_o poor_a where_o there_o few_o commons_o as_o in_o kent_n where_o there_o be_v scarce_o six_o commons_o in_o the_o county_n of_o a_o considerable_a greatness_n 6._o how_o many_o do_v they_o see_v enrich_v by_o the_o commons_o and_o if_o their_o cattle_n be_v not_o usua_o sweep_v away_o by_o the_o rot_n or_o starve_v in_o some_o hard_a winter_n 7._o if_o that_o poor_a man_n may_v not_o employ_v two_o acre_n enclose_v to_o more_o advantage_n then_o twice_o as_o much_o in_o a_o common_a and_o last_o if_o that_o all_o commons_o be_v enclose_v and_o part_v give_v to_o the_o inhabitant_n and_o part_n rent_v out_o for_o a_o stock_n to_o set_v all_o the_o poor_a on_o work_n in_o every_o county_n i_o determine_v nothing_o in_o this_o kind_n but_o leave_v the_o determination_n for_o wise_a head_n 4._o park_n although_o i_o can_v but_o reckon_v park_n among_o land_n which_o be_v not_o improve_v to_o the_o full_a but_o perceive_v considerable_a waste_n by_o they_o by_o brakâ—s_n bush_n bramble_n etc._n etc._n grow_v in_o divers_a place_n and_o therefore_o wish_v there_o be_v few_o in_o this_o island_n yet_o i_o be_o not_o so_o great_a a_o enemy_n to_o they_o as_o most_o be_v for_o there_o be_v very_o great_a uses_n of_o they_o as_o 1._o for_o the_o bring_n up_o of_o young_a cattle_n 2._o for_o the_o maintain_n of_o timber_n so_o that_o if_o any_o have_v occasion_n to_o use_v a_o good_a piece_n of_o timber_n either_o for_o a_o mil-port_n or_o a_o keel_n of_o a_o ship_n or_o other_o specil_n use_v whither_o can_v they_o go_v but_o to_o a_o park_n 3._o the_o skin_n of_o the_o deer_n be_v very_o useful_a and_o their_o flâ—sh_a excellent_a foâ—d_n not_o to_o speak_v of_o the_o medicinal_a use_v nor_o of_o acorn_n for_o hog_n etc._n etc._n but_o some_o will_v object_v that_o the_o plough_n never_o go_v there_o to_o the_o which_o i_o answer_v it_o be_v no_o matter_n for_o i_o can_v but_o say_v as_o fortescue_n chancellor_n to_o henry_n 6._o do_v that_o god_n have_v give_v we_o such_o a_o fruitful_a land_n that_o without_o labour_n we_o have_v plenty_n law_n whereas_o france_n must_v dig_v and_o delve_v for_o what_o they_o have_v and_o i_o suppose_v that_o i_o can_v maintain_v two_o thing_n which_o be_v think_v great_a paradox_n viz._n that_o it_o be_v no_o loss_n to_o this_o island_n if_o that_o we_o shall_v not_o plough_v at_o all_o if_o so_o be_v that_o we_o can_v certain_o have_v corn_n at_o a_o reasonable_a rate_n and_o likewise_o vent_v for_o all_o our_o manufacture_n of_o wool_n 1._o because_o that_o the_o commodity_n from_o cattle_n be_v far_o more_o stable_a than_o corn_n for_o clothes_n stuff_n stocking_n butter_n cheese_n hides_n leather_n skin_n wool_n tallow_n be_v certain_a even_o every_o where_o corn_n scarce_o in_o any_o place_n constant_o in_o none_o 2._o pasture_n employ_v more_o hand_n which_o be_v the_o second_o paradox_n and_o therefore_o pasture_n do_v not_o depopulate_v as_o it_o be_v common_o say_v for_o normandy_n and_o picardy_n in_o france_n where_o there_o be_v pasture_n in_o a_o good_a measure_n be_v as_o populous_a as_o any_o part_n of_o france_n and_o i_o be_o certain_a that_o holland_n friezeland_n zealand_n flaunders_n and_o lombardy_n which_o rely_v altogether_o on_o pasture_n be_v the_o most_o populous_a place_n in_o europe_n but_o some_o will_v object_v and_o say_v that_o a_o shepherd_n and_o a_o dog_n former_o have_v destroy_v divers_a village_n to_o this_o i_o answer_v that_o we_o well_o know_v what_o a_o shepherd_n and_o a_o dog_n can_v do_v viz_o look_v to_o two_o or_o three_o hundred_o sheep_n at_o the_o most_o and_o that_o two_o or_o three_o hundred_o acre_n will_v maintain_v they_o or_o the_o land_n be_v extreme_o barren_a and_o that_o these_o two_o or_o three_o hundred_o acre_n be_v barren_a will_v scarce_o maintain_v a_o plough_n which_o be_v but_o one_o man_n and_o two_o boy_n with_o the_o horse_n and_o that_o the_o mow_v reap_v and_o thresh_v of_o this_o corn_n and_o other_o work_v about_o will_v scarce_o maintain_v three_o more_o with_o work_n through_o the_o whole_a year_n but_o how_o many_o people_n may_v be_v employ_v by_o the_o wool_n of_o two_o or_o three_o hundred_o sheep_n in_o pick_v sort_v card_v spin_v weave_a die_a full_a knit_v i_o leave_v to_o other_o to_o calculate_v and_o further_o if_o the_o pasture_n be_v rich_a meadow_n and_o go_v on_o dailing_n i_o suppose_v all_o know_v that_o a_o hundred_o acre_n of_o such_o land_n employ_v more_o hand_n than_o 100_o acre_n of_o the_o best_a corr-land_n in_o england_n and_o produce_v likewise_o better_a exportable_a commodity_n and_o further_o if_o i_o shall_v grant_v that_o former_o the_o shepherd_n and_o his_o dog_n do_v depopulate_v that_o i_o may_v not_o condemn_v the_o wisdom_n of_o former_a age_n yet_o i_o will_v deny_v that_o it_o do_v so_o now_o for_o former_o we_o be_v so_o unwise_a as_o to_o send_v over_o our_o wool_n to_o antwerp_n and_o other_o place_n where_o they_o be_v manufacture_v by_o which_o mean_v one_o pound_n oft_o bring_v ten_o unwrought_a to_o they_o but_o we_o set_v now_o our_o own_o poor_a to_o work_v and_o so_o save_v the_o depopulation_n yet_o i_o say_v it_o be_v convenient_a to_o encourage_v the_o plough_n because_o that_o we_o can_v have_v a_o certainty_n of_o corn_n and_o carriage_n be_v dear_a both_o by_o sea_n and_o land_n especial_o into_o the_o inland-countreys_n and_o our_o commodity_n by_o wool_n do_v cloy_v the_o merchant_n 5._o rushy-land_n blithe_n tell_v we_o good_a remedy_n for_o these_o inconvenience_n viz._n
make_v deep_a trench_n oft-mowings_a chalk_v liming_n dung_v and_o plough_v i_o know_v where_o hungry_a guest_n horse_n soon_o make_v a_o end_n of_o they_o 6._o furze_n broom_n heath_n these_o can_v hardly_o be_v so_o destroy_v but_o at_o length_n they_o will_v up_o again_o for_o god_n have_v give_v a_o peculiar_a propriety_n to_o every_o kind_n of_o earth_n to_o produce_v some_o peculiar_a kind_n of_o plant_n which_o it_o will_v observe_v even_o to_o the_o world_n end_n unless_o by_o dung_n marle_n chalk_n you_o alter_v even_o the_o very_a nature_n of_o the_o earth_n in_o gallitia_n in_o spain_n where_o such_o barren_a land_n do_v very_o much_o abound_v they_o do_v thus_o first_o they_o grub_n they_o up_o as_o clean_a as_o they_o can_v of_o the_o great_a root_n and_o branch_n they_o make_v firewood_n the_o small_a stick_n be_v either_o employ_v in_o fence_v or_o else_o be_v burn_v on_o the_o ground_n afterward_o the_o land_n be_v plough_v twice_o at_o least_o they_o sow_v wheat_n and_o usual_o the_o crop_n be_v great_a which_o the_o landlord_n and_o tenant_n divide_v according_a to_o a_o compact_n then_o the_o ground_n rest_v and_o in_o three_o or_o four_o year_n the_o furze_n or_o broom_n will_v recover_v their_o former_a growth_n which_o the_o painful_a husbandman_n grub_v and_o do_v with_o it_o as_o former_o i_o set_v this_o down_o that_o you_o may_v see_v how_o laborious_a the_o spaniard_n be_v in_o some_o place_n the_o poverty_n of_o the_o country_n compel_v he_o to_o it_o 7._o there_o be_v other_o inconvenience_n in_o the_o land_n beside_o weed_n and_o trumpery_n viz._n ill_a tenor_n as_o copyhold_n knight-service_n etc._n etc._n so_o that_o the_o possessor_n can_v cut_v any_o timber_n down_o without_o consent_n of_o the_o lord_n and_o when_o he_o die_v must_v pay_v one_o or_o two_o year_n rent_n perhaps_o more_o because_o there_o be_v no_o certain_a fine_a but_o be_v at_o the_o landlord_n mercy_n but_o these_o be_v not_o in_o the_o power_n of_o the_o poor_a husbandman_n to_o remedy_n i_o therefore_o pass_v they_o by_o yet_o hope_v that_o in_o little_a time_n we_o shall_v see_v these_o inconvenience_n remedy_v because_o they_o much_o discourage_v improvement_n and_o be_v as_o i_o suppose_v badge_n of_o our_o norman_a slavery_n to_o conclude_v it_o seem_v to_o i_o very_o reasonable_a and_o it_o will_v be_v a_o great_a encouragement_n to_o laborious_a man_n to_o improve_v their_o barren_a land_n if_o that_o they_o shall_v have_v recompense_n for_o what_o they_o have_v do_v according_a as_o indifferent_a man_n shall_v judge_n when_o they_o leave_v it_o as_o be_v the_o custom_n in_o flaunders_n wood_n i_o have_v likewise_o observe_v some_o deficiency_n in_o wood_n which_o i_o shall_v brief_o declare_v with_o the_o best_a way_n to_o remedy_v the_o same_o 1._o it_o be_v a_o great_a fault_n that_o general_o through_o the_o island_n the_o wood_n be_v destroy_v so_o that_o we_o be_v in_o many_o place_n very_o much_o necessitate_v both_o for_o fuel_n and_o also_o for_o timber_n for_o building_n and_o other_o use_n so_o that_o if_o we_o have_v coal_n from_o newcastle_n and_o board_n from_o norwey_n clap-board_n barrel-stave_n wainscot_n and_o pipe-stave_n from_o prussia_n we_o shall_v be_v bring_v to_o great_a extremity_n and_o many_o mechanic_n will_v be_v necessitate_v to_o leave_v their_o calling_n 2._o deficiency_n be_v that_o our_o wood_n be_v not_o order_v as_o they_o shall_v be_v but_o though_o wood_n shall_v be_v especial_o preserve_v for_o timber_n for_o building_n and_o ship_v yet_o at_o this_o time_n it_o be_v very_o rare_a to_o see_v a_o good_a timber-tree_n in_o a_o wood._n 3._o that_o many_o of_o our_o wood_n be_v very_o thin_a and_o not_o replenish_v with_o such_o sort_n of_o wood_n as_o be_v convenient_a for_o the_o place_n 4._o that_o we_o sell_v continual_o and_o never_o plant_v or_o take_v care_n for_o posterity_n these_o deficiency_n may_v be_v thus_o remedy_v 1._o to_o put_v in_o execution_n the_o statute_n against_o grub_v of_o wood_n which_o be_v sufficient_o severe_a it_o be_v well_o know_v we_o have_v good_a law_n but_o it_o be_v better_o know_v they_o be_v not_o execute_v in_o the_o wild_a of_o kent_n and_o sussex_n which_o lie_v far_o from_o the_o river_n and_o sea_n and_o former_o have_v be_v nothing_o but_o wood_n liberty_n be_v grant_v for_o man_n to_o grub_v what_o they_o please_v for_o they_o can_v want_v fire_v for_o themselves_o and_o they_o be_v so_o seat_v that_o neither_o firewood_n nor_o timber_n can_v be_v transport_v elsewhere_o i_o know_v a_o gentleman_n who_o proffer_v there_o good_a oak-timber_n at_o 6_o s._n 8_o d._n per_fw-la tun_n and_o the_o land_n in_o those_o part_n in_o general_n be_v very_o good_a about_o tunbridge_n there_o be_v land_n which_o former_o be_v wood_n be_v now_o let_v for_o 30_o s._n par_fw-fr acre_n so_o that_o to_o keep_v such_o land_n for_o wood_n will_v be_v both_o loss_n to_o the_o owner_n and_o to_o the_o island_n but_o in_o other_o part_n of_o the_o island_n it_o be_v otherwise_o and_o man_n be_v much_o to_o be_v blame_v for_o destroy_v both_o timber_n and_o fuel_n i_o have_v see_v at_o shooters-hill_n near_o london_n some_o wood_n stub_a up_o which_o be_v good_a ground_n for_o wood_n but_o now_o be_v nothing_o but_o furze_n which_o be_v a_o great_a loss_n both_o to_o the_o owner_n and_o to_o tbe_n country_n for_o the_o land_n be_v make_v worse_a than_o it_o be_v former_o i_o conceive_v there_o be_v land_n which_o be_v as_o natural_o ordain_v for_o wood_n viz._n mountainous_a craggy_a uneven-land_n as_o small_a hill_n for_o â—he_n vine_n and_o olive_n plain_a land_n for_o corn_n and_o low_o moist_a land_n for_o pasture_n which_o land_n if_o they_o be_v stub_a do_v much_o prejudice_n the_o commonwealth_n 2._o that_o all_o wood_n shall_v have_v such_o a_o number_n of_o timber-tree_n per_fw-la acre_n according_a to_o the_o statute_n there_o be_v a_o good_a law_n for_o that_o purpose_n but_o man_n delude_v both_o themselves_o and_o the_o law_n that_o they_o every_o felling_n cut_v down_o the_o stander_n which_o they_o leave_v the_o fell_n before_o lest_o perchance_o they_o shall_v grow_v to_o be_v timber_n and_o leave_v twelve_o small_a standard_n that_o they_o may_v seem_v to_o fulfil_v in_o some_o measure_n the_o statute_n but_o it_o be_v a_o mere_a fallacy_n and_o cause_v the_o statute_n to_o fail_v of_o its_o principal_a end_n which_o be_v to_o preserve_v timber_n 3._o the_o best_a remedy_n against_o thinness_n of_o wood_n be_v to_o plash_n they_o and_o spread_v they_o abroad_o and_o cover_v they_o partly_o in_o the_o ground_n as_o every_o countryman_n can_v direct_v by_o this_o mean_v the_o wood_n will_v soon_o grow_v rough_a and_o thick_a it_o be_v good_a husbandry_n likewise_o to_o fill_v your_o wood_n with_o swift_a grower_n as_o ash_n sallow_a willow_n asp_n which_o be_v also_o good_a for_o hop-pole_n hoop_n sycamore_n be_v also_o a_o swift_a grower_n in_o flaunders_n they_o have_v a_o kind_n of_o poplar_n call_v by_o they_o abell-tree_n which_o speedy_o grow_v to_o be_v timber_n 4._o that_o some_o law_n be_v make_v that_o they_o which_o fall_v shall_v also_o plant_v or_o sow_v in_o bisâ—ay_o there_o be_v a_o law_n if_o that_o any_o cut_v down_o a_o timber-tree_n he_o must_v plant_v three_o for_o it_o which_o law_n be_v put_v into_o execution_n with_o severity_n otherwise_o they_o will_v soon_o be_v undo_v for_o the_o country_n be_v very_o mountainous_a and_o barren_a and_o depend_v whole_o on_o iron_n mine_n and_o on_o ship_n their_o wood_n be_v not_o copse_v there_o but_o only_o pollard_n which_o they_o lop_v when_o occasion_n serve_v i_o know_v one_o who_o be_v bind_v by_o his_o landlord_n to_o plant_v so_o many_o tree_n yearly_a which_o according_a he_o do_v but_o always_o in_o such_o place_n that_o they_o may_v not_o grow_v in_o france_n near_o to_o the_o border_n of_o spain_n they_o sow_v ashkey_n which_o when_o they_o grow_v to_o such_o a_o greatness_n that_o they_o may_v be_v slit_v into_o four_o quarter_n and_o big_a enough_o to_o make_v pike_n than_o they_o cut_v they_o down_o and_o i_o have_v see_v divers_a acre_n together_o thus_o plant_v hence_o come_v the_o excellent_a pike_n call_v spanish-pike_n some_o gentleman_n have_v sow_v acâ—rus_n and_o it_o be_v a_o good_a way_n to_o increase_v wood_n though_o the_o time_n be_v long_o i_o doubt_v not_o but_o every_o one_o know_v that_o it_o be_v excellent_a to_o plant_v willow_n along_o the_o water_n side_n and_o ash_n nigh_o their_o house_n for_o fire_v for_o they_o be_v good_a piece_n of_o husbandry_n and_o it_o be_v pity_n that_o it_o be_v not_o more_o put_v in_o practice_n there_o be_v a_o gentleman_n in_o essex_n who_o have_v plant_v so_o many_o willow_n that_o he_o may_v lop_v 2000_o
every_o year_n if_o other_o be_v as_o ingenious_a we_o shall_v not_o want_v firewood_n osier_n plant_v in_o low_a morish_a ground_n do_v advance_v land_n from_o 5_o s._n per_fw-la acre_n to_o 40_o s._n 50_o s._n 3_o l._n and_o upward_o it_o be_v much_o use_v westward_o of_o london_n these_o osier_n be_v of_o great_a use_n to_o basket-maker_n there_o be_v a_o sort_n of_o small_a osier_n or_o willow_n at_o saint_n omars_n in_o flaunders_n which_o grow_v on_o island_n which_o float_v up_o and_o down_o it_o be_v far_o less_o than_o that_o which_o the_o western_a man_n call_v eight_o with_o this_o they_o make_v their_o curious_a fine_a basket_n this_o plant_n be_v worth_a the_o procure_n be_v so_o nigh_o john_n tredeseat_n have_v some_o plant_n of_o it_o there_o be_v a_o flaunt_n likewise_o in_o england_n call_v the_o sweet_a willow_n it_o be_v not_o only_o good_a for_o shade_n and_o fire_n but_o as_o i_o be_o inform_v the_o leaf_n do_v not_o sour_a the_o grass_n but_o that_o the_o cattle_n will_v eat_v they_o soon_o than_o hay_o if_o this_o be_v so_o it_o may_v be_v of_o singular_a use_n for_o meadow_n 5._o that_o those_o thing_n which_o mighty_o destroy_v wood_n may_v be_v restrain_v as_o iron-work_n be_v therefore_o the_o state_n have_v very_o well_o do_v to_o pull_v down_o divers_a iron-work_n in_o the_o forest_n of_o deâ—n_n that_o the_o timber_n may_v be_v preserve_v for_o ship_n which_o be_v account_v the_o tough_a in_o england_n and_o when_o it_o be_v dry_a as_o hard_o as_o iron_n the_o common-people_n do_v use_v to_o say_v that_o in_o queen_n elizabeth_n day_n the_o spaniard_n send_v a_o ambassador_n purposely_o to_o get_v this_o wood_n destroy_v how_o true_a this_o be_v i_o know_v not_o but_o without_o question_n it_o be_v admirable_a wood_n for_o ship_n and_o general_o our_o english_a oak_n be_v the_o best_a in_o the_o world_n for_o ship_n because_o it_o be_v of_o a_o great_a grain_n and_o therefore_o strong_a but_o the_o oak_n of_o other_o country_n have_v a_o fine_a grain_n and_o more_o fit_a for_o wainscot_n and_o in_o this_o kind_a our_o forefather_n have_v be_v very_o provident_a for_o we_o have_v a_o act_n of_o long_o stand_v prohibit_v iron-work_n within_o twenty_o mile_n of_o london_n and_o within_o three_o mile_n of_o the_o river_n of_o thames_n thou_o you_o may_v find_v ironstone_n in_o divers_a place_n as_o in_o the_o great_a gravel-pit_n at_o woolwhich_n there_o be_v some_o ingenious_a man_n who_o late_o have_v get_v a_o patent_n for_o make_v iron_n with_o sea-cealâ—e_a i_o hope_v they_o will_v accomplish_v their_o desire_n for_o it_o will_v wonderful_o advance_v this_o island_n and_o save_v wood._n there_o be_v two_o fault_n in_o sea-coal_n in_o respect_n of_o melt_a iron-oare_n 1._o that_o it_o be_v apt_a to_o bake_v together_o or_o cake_n 2._o it_o have_v a_o sulphureous_a fume_n in_o it_o which_o be_v a_o enemy_n to_o metal_n and_o consume_v it_o as_o we_o see_v by_o our_o iron-bar_n in_o window_n at_o london_n so_o that_o the_o metallaine_n nature_n of_o the_o ironstone_n be_v much_o waste_v by_o it_o and_o that_o which_o remain_v be_v very_o brittle_a and_o will_v be_v could-shire_n i_o know_v tâ—at_a by_o the_o mixture_n of_o coal_n beat_v with_o loam_n and_o thorough_o dry_v one_o if_o not_o both_o of_o these_o inconvenience_n may_v be_v take_v away_o in_o the_o duke_n of_o cleveland_n country_n they_o use_v half_a turf_n half_a charcoal_n there_o be_v a_o way_n by_o make_v a_o kind_n of_o barter_n with_o loam_n urine_n etc._n etc._n which_o will_v cause_v charcoal_n to_o last_v very_o long_o as_o i_o be_o inform_v but_o these_o discourse_n belong_v to_o another_o place_n bee_n it_o be_v a_o great_a deficiency_n here_o in_o england_n without_o question_n that_o we_o have_v no_o more_o bee_n consider_v that_o they_o be_v neither_o chargeable_a require_v only_o a_o few_o straw_n for_o a_o house_n nor_o troublesome_a and_o this_o island_n may_v maintain_v ten_o time_n as_o many_o for_o though_o a_o place_n may_v be_v overstock_v with_o these_o animal_n as_o with_o the_o great_a yet_o i_o know_v no_o part_n of_o this_o land_n that_o be_v so_o and_o i_o know_v divers_a place_n which_o will_v maintain_v many_o hundred_o hive_n yet_o scarce_o one_o to_o be_v see_v 2._o our_o honey_n be_v the_o best_a in_o the_o world_n and_o wax_v a_o stable_a commodity_n further_o we_o know_v that_o cold_a country_n not_o comparable_a to_o we_o as_o muscovia_n have_v far_o great_a quantity_n than_o we_o have_v so_o that_o it_o be_v incredible_a what_o quantity_n be_v find_v in_o the_o wood_n if_o the_o story_n of_o tho_o man_n be_v true_a who_o fall_v up_o even_o to_o the_o ear_n in_o honey_n and_o have_v there_o perish_v have_v not_o a_o bear_n on_o which_o he_o catch_v hold_v pull_v he_o out_o now_o i_o have_v inquire_v how_o it_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o there_o be_v so_o great_a store_n of_o honey_n in_o muscovia_n consider_v the_o winter_n be_v extreme_a cold_n and_o also_o very_o long_o and_o i_o be_o credible_o inform_v that_o first_o the_o spring_n when_o it_o begin_v come_v extraordinary_a fast_o that_o the_o day_n be_v very_o long_o and_o the_o summer_n far_o dry_a than_o we_o here_o in_o england_n so_o that_o the_o bee_n be_v not_o hinder_v by_o continual_a shower_n as_o they_o be_v some_o year_n here_o in_o this_o isle_n and_o last_o that_o the_o country_n abound_v much_o with_o fir_n and_o pinetree_n which_o the_o inhabitant_n usual_o cut_v that_o the_o gum_n rosinous_n or_o turpentine_n substance_n may_v sweat_v forth_o to_o which_o place_n the_o bee_n do_v come_v and_o present_o fill_v themselves_o and_o return_v lade_v and_o perhaps_o for_o these_o very_a reason_n bee_n thrive_v very_o much_o in_o new-england_n 2._o we_o be_v deficient_a in_o the_o order_n of_o they_o not_o to_o speak_v of_o the_o negligence_n of_o particular_a man_n which_o be_v very_o frequent_a nor_o to_o write_v a_o general_a story_n of_o the_o order_n of_o they_o because_o it_o require_v much_o paper_n and_o mr._n leveret_n and_o butler_n especial_o the_o latter_a have_v write_v so_o exact_o and_o upon_o his_o own_o experience_n that_o little_o can_v be_v add_v to_o it_o only_o in_o a_o point_n or_o two_o i_o differ_v from_o he_o of_o the_o which_o i_o will_v speak_v brief_o 1._o that_o we_o must_v take_v and_o destroy_v all_o the_o bee_n for_o their_o honey_n and_o not_o drive_v they_o as_o they_o do_v in_o italy_n once_o or_o twice_o yearly_a 2._o that_o if_o a_o swarm_n be_v poor_a with_o little_a honey_n that_o that_o swarm_n ought_v to_o be_v take_v because_o it_o be_v poor_a so_o that_o the_o rich_a stock_n be_v destroy_v because_o they_o be_v rich_a and_o the_o poor_a swarm_n because_o they_o be_v poor_a so_o that_o be_v they_o rich_a or_o be_v they_o poor_a they_o must_v be_v destroy_v a_o italian_a report_v that_o in_o the_o city_n of_o askaly_n there_o be_v a_o law_n make_v that_o none_o shall_v destroy_v a_o swarm_n of_o bee_n unless_o he_o have_v a_o just_a cause_n account_v it_o a_o part_n of_o extreme_a injustice_n and_o cruelty_n to_o take_v away_o without_o cause_n both_o the_o good_n and_o life_n of_o such_o good_a and_o faithful_a servant_n i_o be_o credible_o inform_v that_o a_o english_a gentleman_n beyond_o the_o sea_n get_v many_o a_o hundred_o pound_n yearly_a by_o keep_v bee_n after_o a_o new_a and_o ingenious_a manner_n which_o be_v thus_o he_o have_v a_o room_n make_v very_o warm_a and_o close_o yet_o with_o glasse-window_n which_o he_o can_v open_v at_o his_o pleasure_n to_o let_v the_o bee_n fly_v abroad_o when_o he_o please_v where_o he_o keep_v his_o bee_n and_o feed_v they_o all_o winter_n with_o a_o sweet_a composition_n make_v of_o molossoe_n flower_n sweet_a wine_n milk_n raisin_n etc._n etc._n for_o with_o such_o thing_n as_o these_o they_o usual_o feed_v bee_n in_o italy_n and_o often_o time_n in_o summer_n when_o the_o weather_n be_v rainy_a windy_a or_o so_o dispose_v that_o the_o bee_n can_v convenient_o go_v abroad_o he_o feed_v they_o at_o home_n with_o divers_a sweet_a thing_n and_o gather_v divers_a flower_n and_o lay_v they_o among_o they_o and_o stick_v up_o many_o fresh_a bough_n in_o divers_a place_n of_o his_o room_n that_o in_o swarming-time_n they_o may_v settle_v on_o they_o by_o these_o mean_v he_o preserve_v all_o his_o swarm_n and_o gather_v a_o incredible_a quantity_n of_o honey_n and_o wax_n and_o true_o this_o way_n seem_v to_o be_v very_o profitable_a for_o 1._o we_o know_v the_o bee_n even_o as_o we_o say_v of_o the_o aunt_n will_v work_v continual_o even_o night_n and_o day_n winter_n and_o summer_n if_o that_o they_o be_v not_o hinder_v by_o darkness_n cold_a and_o moisture_n 2._o that_o bee_n
also_o their_o cedar_n pine_n plumtrees_n cherry_n great_a strawberry_n and_o their_o locust_n which_o be_v a_o prickly_a plant_n a_o swift_a grower_n and_o therefore_o excellent_a for_o hedge_n be_v useful_a to_o we_o so_o for_o new-england_n why_o shall_v we_o think_v that_o the_o indian_a corn_n the_o march_n wheat_n that_o excellent_a rye_n the_o pease_n which_o never_o be_v eat_v with_o maggot_n the_o french_a or_o kidney-bean_n the_o pumpion_n squashnes_n water-mellons_a musk-melon_n hurtleberry_n wild_a hemp_n fir_n etc._n etc._n of_o those_o part_n be_v altogether_o useless_a for_o we_o as_o also_o the_o cramberry_n which_o be_v so_o call_v by_o the_o indian_n but_o by_o the_o english_a bearberry_n because_o it_o be_v think_v the_o bear_n eat_v they_o in_o winter_n or_o barberry_n by_o reason_n of_o their_o fine_a acid_a taste_n like_o barberry_n which_o be_v a_o fruit_n as_o big_a &_o as_o red_a as_o a_o cherry_n ripe_a only_o in_o the_o winter_n and_o grow_v close_o to_o the_o ground_n in_o bog_n where_o nothing_o else_o will_v grow_v they_o be_v account_v very_o good_a against_o the_o scurvy_a and_o very_o pleasant_a in_o tart_n i_o know_v not_o a_o more_o excellent_a and_o healthful_a fruit_n but_o some_o will_v object_v that_o they_o will_v not_o grow_v here_o with_o we_o our_o forefather_n never_o use_v they_o to_o these_o i_o reply_v and_o ask_v they_o how_o they_o know_v have_v they_o try_v idleness_n never_o want_v a_o excuse_n and_o why_o may_v not_o our_o forefather_n upon_o the_o same_o ground_n have_v hold_v their_o hand_n in_o their_o pocket_n and_o have_v say_v that_o wheat_n and_o barley_n will_v not_o have_v grow_v among_o we_o and_o why_o shall_v not_o they_o have_v be_v discourage_v from_o plant_v cherry_n hop_n liquorice_n potato_n apricock_n peach_n melicotone_n and_o from_o sow_v rape-seed_n colliflower_n great_a clover_n canary-seed_n etc._n etc._n and_o many_o more_o of_o this_o kind_n and_o yet_o we_o know_v that_o most_o of_o these_o have_v be_v bring_v to_o perfection_n even_o in_o our_o day_n for_o there_o be_v a_o vicissitude_n in_o all_o thing_n and_o as_o many_o thing_n be_v lose_v which_o be_v know_v to_o our_o forefather_n as_o the_o purple_a colour_n etc._n etc._n as_o you_o may_v read_v in_o pancirol_n so_o many_o thing_n be_v find_v out_o by_o we_o altogether_o unknown_a to_o they_o and_o some_o thing_n will_v be_v leave_v for_o our_o posterity_n for_o example_n not_o to_o speak_v of_o gunpowder_n and_o print_n nor_o of_o the_o new-world_n and_o the_o wonder_n there_o which_o notwithstanding_o be_v but_o of_o a_o few_o hundred_o year_n stand_v i_o say_v twenty_o ingenuity_n have_v be_v find_v even_o in_o our_o day_n as_o watch_n clock_n way-wisers_a chain_n for_o flea_n divers_a mathematical_a instrument_n short-writing_a microscope_n by_o the_o which_o even_o the_o small_a thing_n may_v be_v discern_v as_o the_o egg_n eye_n leg_n and_o hair_n of_o a_o mite_n in_o a_o cheese_n likewise_o the_o selenoscope_n which_o discover_v mountain_n in_o the_o moon_n divers_a star_n and_o new_a planet_n never_o see_v till_o our_o day_n but_o to_o return_v to_o our_o purpose_n i_o say_v that_o in_o husbandry_n it_o be_v even_o so_o for_o the_o ancient_n use_v divers_a plant_n which_o we_o know_v not_o as_o the_o cytisus-tree_n so_o much_o commend_v for_o cattle_n as_o also_o their_o medick-fodder_n which_o colum_n say_v endure_v ten_o year_n and_o may_v be_v mow_v the_o four_o first_o year_n seven_o time_n in_o a_o year_n and_o one_o acre_n he_o esteem_v enough_o for_o three_o horse_n this_o fodder_n likewise_o be_v account_v very_o sweet_a and_o healthful_a whereas_o the_o plant_n which_o be_v usual_o call_v medicats_n with_o we_o be_v annual_a plant_n and_o have_v no_o such_o rare_a propriety_n so_o we_o be_v ignorant_a what_o their_o far_a or_o fine_a bread_n corn_n be_v what_o their_o lupine_n spury_n and_o a_o hundred_o of_o this_o kind_n as_o you_o may_v read_v in_o mathiol_n on_o dioscorides_n so_o on_o the_o contrary_a infinite_a be_v the_o plant_n which_o we_o have_v and_o they_o know_v not_o as_o well_o appear_v by_o their_o small_a and_o our_o large_a herbal_n and_o daily_o new_a plant_n be_v discover_v useful_a for_o husbandry_n mechanic_n and_o physic_n and_o therefore_o let_v no_o man_n be_v discourage_v from_o prosecute_a new_a and_o laudable_a ingenuity_n and_o i_o desire_v ingenious_a gentleman_n and_o merchant_n who_o travel_n beyond_o sea_n to_o take_v notice_n of_o the_o husbandry_n of_o those_o part_n viz_o what_o grain_n they_o sow_v at_o what_o time_n and_o season_n on_o what_o land_n how_o they_o plough_v their_o land_n how_o they_o dung_n and_o improve_v they_o what_o cattle_n they_o use_v and_o the_o commodity_n thereby_o also_o what_o book_n be_v write_v of_o husbandry_n and_o such_o like_a and_o i_o entreat_v they_o earnest_o not_o to_o think_v these_o thing_n too_o low_o for_o they_o and_o out_o of_o their_o calling_n nay_o i_o desire_v they_o to_o count_v nothing_o trivial_a in_o this_o kind_n which_o may_v be_v profitable_a to_o their_o country_n and_o advance_v knowledge_n and_o true_o i_o shall_v thank_v any_o merchant_n that_o can_v inform_v i_o in_o some_o trivial_a and_o ordinary_a thing_n do_v beyond_o sea_n viz._n how_o they_o make_v caviar_n out_o of_o sturgeon_n row_v in_o muscovia_n how_o they_o boil_v and_o pickle_n their_o sturgeon_n which_o we_o english_a in_o new-england_n can_v as_o yet_o do_v handsome_o how_o the_o bologâ—ia_n sausage_n be_v make_v how_o they_o ferment_n their_o bread_n without_o yeast_n of_o what_o material_n divers_a sort_n of_o basket_n broom_n frail_n be_v make_v what_o seed_n grout_n or_o grutze_n be_v make_v of_o and_o also_o how_o to_o make_v the_o parmisane_n cheese_n of_o italy_n which_o be_v usual_o sell_v here_o for_o 2_o s._n or_o 2_o s._n 6_o d._n per_fw-la pound_n or_o the_o angelot_n of_o france_n which_o be_v account_v better_a cheese_n than_o any_o make_v in_o england_n as_o also_o the_o holland_n cheese_n which_o be_v far_o better_o than_o our_o ordinary_a cheese_n and_o yet_o these_o sort_n of_o cheese_n be_v make_v not_o of_o mare_n milk_n as_o some_o think_v but_o from_o the_o cow_n and_o our_o pasture_n be_v not_o inferior_a to_o they_o etc._n etc._n 2._o i_o desire_v ingenious_a man_n to_o send_v home_o whatsoever_o they_o have_v rare_a of_o all_o sort_n as_o first_o animal_n the_o fine-woolled_n sheep_n of_o spain_n barbary_n horse_n spanish_a jennet_n etc._n etc._n and_o so_o likewise_o all_o sort_n of_o vegetable_n not_o grow_v with_o we_o as_o panic_n millet_n rice_n which_o grow_v in_o the_o fenny_a place_n of_o milan_n and_o france_n and_o why_o may_v it_o not_o grow_v in_o our_o fen_n and_o the_o best_a sort_n of_o grain_n or_o fruit_n in_o use_n among_o they_o perhaps_o there_o be_v wheat_n that_o be_v not_o subject_a to_o smut_n or_o mildew_n perhaps_o other_o seed_n will_v give_v double_a increase_n as_o flax_n oat_n pease_n and_o divers_a other_o thing_n of_o importance_n there_o be_v beyond_o sea_n which_o may_v be_v useful_a to_o we_o as_o the_o askey_n the_o cork_n acorn_n the_o scarlet-oak_n sweet-annise_a which_o grow_v abundant_o in_o milan_n fennel_n etc._n etc._n tilia_fw-la or_o linder-tree_n for_o baste_v rope_n etc._n etc._n spruce_a pine_n for_o mast_n and_o board_n see_v that_o they_o be_v swift_a grower_n and_o many_o will_v stand_v in_o a_o small_a piece_n of_o ground_n they_o have_v former_o grow_v here_o and_o some_o few_o do_v flourish_v in_o our_o garden_n and_o in_o scotland_n i_o suppose_v that_o this_o aught_o serious_o to_o be_v consider_v for_o although_o we_o have_v plenty_n of_o oak_n yet_o what_o will_v it_o profit_v for_o ship_n without_o mast_n and_o how_o difficult_a it_o be_v to_o get_v great_a mast_n above_o 22_o inch_n diameter_n be_v very_o well_o know_v many_o thing_n i_o may_v add_v of_o this_o kind_n but_o for_o brevity_n sake_n i_o refer_v you_o to_o master_n john_n tredescan_n who_o have_v take_v great_a pain_n herein_o and_o daily_o raise_v new_a and_o curious_a thing_n 3._o consider_v that_o these_o new_a ingenuity_n may_v be_v profitable_a no_o only_a to_o the_o public_a but_o also_o to_o private_a man_n as_o we_o see_v by_o those_o who_o first_o plant_v cherry_n hop_n liquorice_n saffron_n and_o first_o sow_v rape-seed_n colliflower_n woad_n will_v early_a pease_n assparagus_fw-la melon_n tulip_n gillyflower_n etc._n etc._n and_o why_o may_v we_o not_o find_v some_o thing_n beneficial_a to_o we_o also_o island_n 16._o deficiency_n be_v the_o ignorance_n of_o those_o thing_n which_o be_v take_v from_o the_o earth_n and_o water_n of_o this_o island_n although_o it_o may_v seem_v to_o many_o that_o these_o thing_n do_v little_a concern_v the_o husbandman_n who_o usual_o be_v not_o a_o naturalist_n but_o only_o endeavour_v to_o know_v
diamond_n be_v find_v about_o bristol_n and_o cornwall_n very_o large_a but_o soft_a there_o be_v a_o stone_n near_o beaver_n castle_n like_o a_o star_n in_o yorkshire_n another_o like_o a_o serpent_n petrefied_a and_o also_o other_o stone_n round_o like_a bullet_n which_o be_v break_v have_v as_o it_o be_v a_o serpent_n in_o they_o without_o a_o head_n etc._n etc._n 6._o of_o all_o mineral_n and_o metal_n ironstone_n be_v find_v almost_o in_o every_o county_n and_o be_v profitable_a where_o wood_n be_v plentiful_a the_o best_a be_v find_v in_o laneashire_n one_o load_n and_o a_o half_a make_v a_o tun_n of_o iron_n it_o have_v be_v transport_v into_o ireland_n to_o mix_v with_o poor_a mine_n in_o richard_n the_o second_o time_n a_o copper-mine_a be_v find_v in_o wenlock_n in_o shrepshire_n but_o exhaust_v in_o queen_n elizabeth_n day_n one_o be_v find_v at_o keswick_n in_o cumberland_n and_o ate_o in_o staffordshire_n yorkshire_n and_o near_a barstable_n in_o devonshire_n on_o which_o some_o gentleman_n intend_v speedy_o to_o work_v lead_n be_v find_v in_o durham_n wales_n and_o devonshire_n brimstone_n in_o yorkshire_n and_o wales_n antimony_n in_o staffordshire_n a_o silver_n i_o in_o cardiganshire_n a_o gold_n i_o be_v discover_v in_o scotland_n in_o king_n james_n his_o time_n and_o many_o rich_a mine_n may_v be_v discover_v in_o england_n if_o that_o the_o king_n prerogative_n which_o be_v to_o take_v all_o royal_a mine_n to_o himself_o viz._n silver_n gold_n &_o copper_n be_v so_o cerain_o abolish_v that_o they_o which_o shall_v find_v these_o metal_n in_o their_o own_o land_n may_v safe_o dig_v they_o but_o some_o will_v object_v &_o say_v that_o many_o thing_n be_v of_o little_a worth_n and_o profit_n to_o these_o i_o answer_v that_o god_n have_v make_v nothing_o in_o vain_a every_o thing_n have_v his_o peculiar_a use_n and_o though_o some_o thing_n seem_v to_o be_v of_o little_a worth_n and_o contemptible_a as_o sand_n loam_n chalk_n yet_o it_o have_v please_v the_o wise_a creator_n to_o make_v these_o thing_n very_o necessary_a for_o man_n comfortable_a subsistence_n which_o they_o that_o want_v these_o thing_n can_v testify_v as_o for_o example_n in_o new-england_n where_o there_o be_v no_o chalk_n nor_o limestone_n they_o be_v compel_v to_o burn_v oyster-shel_n cockle_n to_o make_v lime_n or_o else_o they_o can_v hardly_o build_v any_o house_n the_o like_a i_o may_v say_v of_o sand_n and_o loam_n in_o divers_a place_n where_o they_o be_v want_v 2._o i_o say_v that_o most_o of_o those_o thing_n i_o have_v speak_v of_o be_v very_o profitable_a in_o one_o place_n or_o other_o to_o instance_n in_o some_o of_o the_o mean_a sort_n at_o london_n brickman_n give_v 50_o li._n per_fw-la acre_n only_o for_o loam_n to_o make_v brick_n and_o pay_v 3_o li._n per_fw-la acre_n of_o yearly_a rent_n and_o be_v to_o leave_v the_o land_n worth_n the_o same_o yearly_a rent_n likewise_o i_o know_v a_o chalk-cliff_n in_o kent_n not_o two_o acre_n of_o ground_n value_v at_o many_o a_o hundred_o pound_n and_o that_o one_o colum_n of_o chalk_n which_o be_v ten_o foot_n square_a be_v value_v at_o forty_o or_o fifty_o pound_n at_o 8_o d._n per_fw-la load_n the_o ochre_n mine_n of_o oxford_n and_o glocestershire_n be_v of_o great_a value_n and_o so_o will_v other_o of_o that_o kind_n if_o they_o can_v be_v find_v so_o be_v the_o black-lead_a mine_n also_o the_o pit_n of_o clay_n marle_n coale_n turf_n etc._n etc._n and_o therefore_o i_o desire_v all_o country_n man_n to_o endeavour_v to_o know_v all_o sort_n of_o stone_n clay_n earth_n oar_n and_o to_o teach_v their_o child_n the_o use_n of_o they_o that_o they_o may_v know_v that_o this_o sand_n be_v for_o building_n this_o loam_n be_v for_o brick_n this_o clay_n for_o pot_n this_o marl_n for_o corn-land_n and_o if_o that_o they_o shall_v find_v any_o stone_n earth_n which_o they_o know_v not_o that_o they_o will_v lay_v they_o up_o till_o that_o they_o meet_v with_o some_o ingenious_a man_n that_o can_v inform_v they_o the_o rich_a mine_n of_o the_o world_n have_v be_v find_v out_o by_o these_o mean_n if_o we_o will_v believe_v history_n and_o this_o i_o be_o sure_a of_o that_o by_o this_o mean_v they_o may_v much_o advance_v their_o knowledge_n and_o be_v more_o profitable_a to_o the_o public_a their_o neighbour_n and_o also_o to_o themselves_o 17._o deficiency_n be_v the_o ignorance_n of_o the_o vegetable_n of_o this_o island_n use_v and_o their_o virtue_n and_o use_v and_o the_o first_o deficiency_n that_o i_o take_v notice_n of_o be_v the_o ignorance_n of_o the_o ordinary_a seed_n which_o be_v common_o sow_v among_o we_o for_o usual_o the_o countryman_n content_v himself_o with_o one_o or_o two_o sort_n and_o know_v no_o more_o when_o as_o there_o be_v very_o great_a variety_n some_o of_o which_o agree_v with_o one_o sort_n of_o ground_n some_o with_o another_o as_o for_o example_n there_o be_v very_o many_o sort_n of_o wheat_n some_o call_v white_a wheat_n some_o red_a wheat_n some_o beard_a which_o as_o i_o have_v say_v before_o be_v not_o so_o subject_a to_o mildew_n as_o other_o other_o not_o some_o sort_n with_o two_o row_n other_o with_o four_o and_o six_o some_o with_o one_o ear_n on_o a_o stalk_n other_o with_o double_a ear_n or_o two_o on_o the_o same_o stalk_n red-stalk_n wheat_n of_o buckinghamshire_n winter_n wheat_n summer_n wheat_n which_o be_v sow_v abundant_o in_o new-england_n in_o april_n and_o may_n and_o reap_v ordinary_o in_o three_o month_n and_o many_o sort_n more_o not_o to_o trouble_v my_o discourse_n with_o spelt_n zea_n tiphine-wheat_n or_o olew_v far_o silâ—go_n alica_n which_o be_v use_v among_o the_o ancient_n but_o now_o unknown_a not_o only_o to_o the_o countryman_n but_o even_o to_o the_o learnede_a botanic_n so_o i_o may_v say_v that_o the_o ordinary_a yeoman_n be_v ignorant_a of_o the_o diversity_n of_o barley_n for_o there_o be_v not_o only_o the_o ordinary_a barley_n but_o big_a sprat-barley_n which_o have_v late_o be_v sow_v in_o kent_n with_o good_a profit_n also_o winter-barley_n sow_v in_o winter_n barley_n with_o four_o six_o row_n naked_a barley_n which_o require_v divers_a disposition_n in_o land_n some_o delight_v in_o fine_a other_o in_o stiff_a ground_n so_o there_o be_v also_o winter_n and_o summer-rie_n and_o twenty_o sort_n of_o pease_n the_o ordinary_a schew_v the_o raith_n or_o early-ripe_a pease_n the_o roncival_n hastiver_n hotarses_n gray-pease_n green-pease_n pease_n without_o skin_n sugar-pease_n who_o shell_n be_v sweet_a than_o the_o pease_n itself_o and_o have_v be_v within_o these_o ten_o year_n plentiful_o sow_v in_o lincolnshire_n with_o profit_n also_o fulham_n sandwich-pease_n etc._n etc._n which_o require_v divers_a sort_n of_o land_n and_o season_n so_o also_o there_o be_v divers_a sort_n of_o oat_n white_a black_a naked_a which_o in_o new-england_n serve_v well_o for_o oatmel_n without_o grind_v be_v beat_v as_o they_o come_v out_o of_o the_o barn_n scotch_a poland_n etc._n etc._n also_o buck-wheat_n lentile_n divers_a sort_n of_o tare_n of_o hemp_n and_o flax_n altogether_o unknown_a to_o most_o countryman_n but_o i_o hope_v that_o hereafter_o they_o will_v be_v more_o inquisitive_a after_o they_o for_o divers_a of_o they_o may_v be_v of_o good_a use_n on_o their_o land_n 2._o deficiency_n in_o this_o kind_n be_v that_o they_o be_v ignorant_a of_o the_o plant_n and_o grass_n which_o natural_o grow_v among_o we_o and_o their_o uses_n which_o likewise_o be_v make_v for_o to_o be_v food_n for_o cattle_n and_o also_o for_o the_o service_n of_o man_n this_o ignorance_n cause_v they_o to_o admire_v and_o to_o esteem_v even_o as_o miraculous_a ordinary_a and_o trivial_a thing_n as_o for_o example_n how_o it_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o in_o one_o meadow_n a_o horse_n thrive_v very_o much_o and_o speedy_o and_o yet_o a_o bullock_n will_v not_o in_o that_o place_n and_o contrariwise_o in_o a_o meadow_n close_o by_o the_o former_a the_o bullock_n will_v thrive_v and_o the_o horse_n not_o so_o also_o how_o it_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o coney_n and_o sheep_n will_v thrive_v well_o where_o there_o be_v scarce_o any_o pasture_n and_o yet_o come_v to_o nothing_o on_o commons_o where_o there_o be_v a_o great_a quantity_n of_o pasture_n which_o proceed_v from_o this_o cause_n that_o some_o kind_n of_o plant_n be_v more_o agree_v and_o sweet_a to_o one_o sort_n of_o cattle_n then_o to_o another_o and_o every_o beast_n almost_o have_v some_o plant_n or_o other_o which_o they_o love_v exceed_o i_o suppose_v that_o the_o observance_n of_o this_o kind_n may_v be_v very_o useful_a in_o husbandry_n these_o deficiency_v i_o will_v draw_v to_o three_o head_n 1._o i_o say_v that_o divers_a plant_n not_o to_o speak_v of_o fruit_n because_o we_o have_v already_o speak_v of_o they_o that_o grow_v
cure_n which_o will_v be_v too_o long_o and_o you_o may_v read_v they_o in_o master_n markam_n work_n the_o countrey-farmer_n and_o other_o i_o will_v instance_n only_o in_o two_o which_o some_o year_n sweep_v away_o cattle_n as_o the_o plague_n do_v man_n viz._n the_o murrain_n among_o great_a cattle_n and_o the_o rot_n among_o sheep_n and_o though_o divers_a have_v write_v concern_v the_o cure_n of_o these_o disease_n yet_o we_o do_v not_o find_v that_o effect_n which_o we_o desire_v and_o therefore_o i_o hope_v some_o will_v attempt_v to_o supply_v this_o deficiency_n and_o write_v a_o good_a treatise_n about_o the_o disease_n of_o cattle_n of_o these_o two_o disease_n i_o shall_v brief_o declare_v my_o mind_n and_o 1._o of_o the_o murrain_n which_o proceed_v from_o a_o inflammation_n of_o the_o blood_n and_o cause_v a_o swell_a in_o the_o throat_n which_o in_o little_a time_n suffocate_v the_o cattle_n the_o especial_a cause_n of_o this_o disease_n be_v a_o hot_a and_o dry_a season_n of_o the_o year_n which_o dry_v up_o the_o water_n or_o at_o least_o do_v so_o putrify_v they_o that_o they_o be_v unwholesome_a and_o also_o the_o let_v of_o carrion_n lie_v unbury_v this_o disease_n be_v think_v to_o be_v infectious_a but_o perhaps_o it_o may_v proceed_v from_o one_o common_a cause_n as_o the_o rottenness_n of_o sheep_n the_o best_a way_n to_o keep_v your_o cattle_n from_o this_o disease_n be_v to_o let_v they_o stand_v in_o cool_a place_n in_o summer_n and_o to_o have_v abundance_n of_o good_a water_n and_o speedy_o to_o bury_v all_o carrion_n and_o if_o any_o of_o your_o cattle_n be_v infect_v speedy_o to_o let_v they_o blood_n and_o to_o give_v they_o a_o good_a drench_n etc._n etc._n by_o these_o mean_n divers_a have_v preserve_v their_o cattle_n when_o their_o neighbour_n have_v perish_v 2._o concern_v the_o rot_n of_o sheep_n not_o to_o speak_v of_o the_o pelt-rot_a or_o sheep_n that_o be_v starve_v but_o of_o the_o ordinary_a rot_n call_v by_o some_o the_o white_a rot_n and_o be_v a_o kind_n of_o dropsy_n their_o belly_n be_v full_a of_o water_n and_o their_o liver_n discolour_v i_o have_v see_v out_o of_o the_o liver_n of_o sheep_n tend_v to_o rottenness_n live_v creature_n leap_v like_o small_a flounder_n which_o without_o question_n in_o little_a tune_n will_v destroy_v the_o liver_n and_o consequent_o produce_v a_o indisposition_n not_o unlike_a to_o the_o rot._n the_o common_a people_n say_v that_o these_o worm_n be_v cause_v by_o the_o over-heatings_a of_o sheep_n and_o that_o rottenness_n proceed_v from_o a_o plant_n call_v cotyledon_n or_o marsh-penny-wort_n which_o be_v of_o a_o very_a sharp_a taste_n and_o therefore_o not_o likely_a that_o sheep_n will_v eat_v it_o but_o it_o may_v be_v a_o sign_n of_o wet_a rot_a land_n as_o broom_n be_v of_o sound_n and_o dry_a land_n this_o be_v certain_a that_o in_o wet_a moist_a year_n sheep_n die_v very_o much_o of_o the_o rot_n and_o in_o dry_a year_n on_o the_o same_o ground_n they_o hold_v sound_v and_o yet_o i_o have_v hear_v that_o in_o ireland_n which_o be_v far_o moisture_n than_o england_n rottenness_n of_o sheep_n be_v not_o know_v so_o much_o it_o be_v therefore_o well_o worth_a the_o labour_n of_o a_o ingenious_a man_n to_o inquire_v into_o the_o cause_n of_o these_o indisposition_n in_o sheep_n the_o mean_n which_o have_v be_v find_v very_o effectual_a for_o the_o cure_n of_o these_o disease_n be_v these_o first_o to_o drive_v your_o sheep_n up_o to_o dry_a land_n or_o to_o keep_v they_o in_o the_o fold_n till_o the_o dew_n be_v off_o the_o grass_n or_o to_o feed_v they_o some_o day_n with_o fine_a dry_a hay_n especial_o of_o salt_n meadow_n or_o to_o put_v they_o into_o salt_n marsh_n for_o in_o those_o place_n sheep_n never_o rot_v or_o to_o drive_v they_o to_o some_o salt_n river_n and_o there_o to_o wash_v they_o and_o make_v they_o drink_v of_o the_o water_n this_o will_v kill_v the_o scab_n and_o also_o the_o tick_n and_o fasten_v the_o wool_n but_o if_o you_o have_v not_o the_o convenience_n before_o say_v then_o rub_v their_o tooth_n with_o salt_n or_o rather_o make_v a_o strong_a pickle_n with_o salt_n and_o water_n and_o force_v they_o to_o drink_v thereof_o some_o dry_a pitch_n in_o a_o oven_n and_o add_v to_o the_o pickle_n and_o have_v find_v very_o good_a success_n for_o these_o medicine_n do_v exsiccate_a the_o superfluous_a humidity_n open_a obstruction_n and_o kill_v worm_n some_o commend_v the_o antimonial_a cup_n as_o a_o catholic_n medicine_n against_o all_o disease_n of_o cattle_n 3._o we_o be_v ignorant_a of_o divers_a ingenuity_n concern_v feed_v and_o fat_v of_o cattle_n and_o other_o creature_n to_o instance_n in_o some_o and_o 1._o of_o the_o horse_n who_o be_v a_o great_a feeder_n in_o kent_n and_o hartsortshire_n they_o usual_o cut_v all_o their_o oat_n and_o pease_n small_a and_o give_v they_o with_o their_o â—haff_n by_o this_o mean_v the_o horse_n soon_o fill_v themselves_o and_o eat_v all_o the_o straw_n up_o some_o put_v the_o horse-meat_n into_o a_o bag_n and_o so_o order_v it_o that_o a_o little_a only_o lie_v in_o the_o manger_n which_o when_o that_o be_v eat_v up_o more_o fall_v down_o and_o not_o before_o by_o this_o way_n horse_n do_v not_o blow_v their_o meat_n nor_o throw_v it_o out_o of_o the_o manger_n with_o their_o nose_n a_o further_a good_a piece_n of_o husbandry_n they_o use_v which_o be_v this_o when_o their_o horse_n be_v well_o feed_v at_o night_n they_o fill_v the_o rack_n with_o wheat_n or_o barley-straw_n and_o so_o leave_v they_o the_o horse_n perceive_v that_o that_o which_o be_v in_o the_o rack_n be_v not_o very_o pleasant_a lie_v down_o and_o take_v his_o rest_n which_o be_v as_o good_a to_o he_o as_o his_o meat_n if_o he_o rise_v in_o the_o night_n and_o fall_v to_o the_o rack_n and_o manger_n as_o he_o usual_o do_v and_o find_v nothing_o but_o straw_n he_o sleep_v till_o the_o morning_n but_o if_o it_o be_v hay_o tare_n or_o pease_n the_o jade_n will_v pull_v it_o all_o down_o and_o spoil_v it_o and_o and_o likewise_o will_v be_v hinder_v from_o his_o rest_n by_o the_o which_o double_a damage_n do_v ensue_v curry_v and_o dress_v of_o horse_n ought_v not_o to_o be_v forget_v it_o be_v half_a as_o good_a as_o their_o meat_n brimstone_n and_o elecampane_n root_n be_v the_o especial_a ingredient_n for_o this_o physic_n for_o worm_n and_o surfeit_n be_v the_o two_o common_a disease_n 2._o of_o the_o feed_n and_o fat_v of_o cow_n we_o usual_a feed_a cattle_n with_o straw_n in_o rack_n in_o the_o yard_n or_o turn_v they_o to_o the_o field_n and_o there_o let_v they_o feed_v as_o much_o and_o how_o they_o please_v which_o have_v many_o inconvenience_n as_o first_o cattle_n spoil_v as_o much_o with_o their_o heel_n as_o they_o eat_v especial_o if_o the_o ground_n be_v moist_a or_o if_o the_o fliebe_fw-fr very_a troublesome_a and_o they_o blow_v &_o stench_n &_o tumble_v much_o and_o if_o the_o fly_v be_v busy_a they_o run_v up_o and_o down_o and_o overheat_v themselves_o and_o fat_a very_o little_a so_o that_o oftentime_o in_o june_n or_o july_n they_o fatten_v as_o little_a as_o at_o christmas_n and_o most_o of_o their_o dung_n be_v lose_v by_o these_o mean_n etc._n etc._n but_o in_o holland_n they_o do_v thus_o they_o keep_v their_o cattle_n house_v winter_n and_o summer_n for_o the_o winter_n provision_n they_o lay_v in_o not_o only_a hay_n but_o also_o grain_n which_o they_o buy_v in_o summer_n and_o bury_v in_o the_o ground_n and_o also_o rape-seed_n and_o lin-seed_n cake_n and_o sow_v turnip_n not_o only_o for_o themselves_o but_o their_o cow_n also_o with_o the_o which_o turnip_n be_v slice_v and_o their_o top_n and_o rape-seed_n cake_n and_o grain_n etc._n etc._n they_o make_v mesh_n for_o their_o cow_n and_o give_v it_o they_o warm_a which_o the_o cow_n will_v slop_n up_o like_o hog_n and_o by_o this_o mean_v they_o give_v very_o much_o milk_n in_o the_o summer_n time_n they_o mow_v the_o great_a clovergrasse_n and_o give_v it_o they_o in_o rack_n so_o that_o their_o cattle_n be_v not_o trouble_v with_o the_o pinch_a frost_n nor_o rain_v nor_o with_o the_o parch_a sun_n in_o summer_n neither_o with_o the_o fly_n nor_o do_v they_o overheat_v themselves_o or_o spoil_v half_a so_o much_o meat_n and_o be_v always_o as_o fat_a as_o their_o master_n or_o bacon-hog_n the_o dung_n and_o urine_n they_o chary_o preserve_v and_o thereby_o keep_v their_o meadow_n of_o clover-grass_n which_o be_v constant_o mow_v twice_o or_o thrice_o yearly_a in_o good_a heart_n and_o indeed_o cattle_n ought_v not_o to_o go_v among_o clover-grass_n because_o it_o usual_o grow_v with_o long_a haum_n as_o they_o call_v it_o like_o pease_n which_o if_o it_o be_v break_v will_v
for_o that_o reason_n servant_n in_o ordininary_a to_o the_o late_a king_n who_o acquaint_v i_o of_o many_o excellent_a ingenious_a man_n and_o promise_v to_o seek_v i_o at_o my_o lodging_n 14._o be_v in_o cambridgeshire_n i_o examine_v more_o particular_o the_o husbandry_n plant_v order_v and_o cure_v of_o saffron_n some_o other_o thing_n come_v in_o my_o way_n not_o without_o notice_n but_o these_o be_v the_o chief_a my_o own_o improvement_n and_o comment_n upon_o all_o which_o i_o shall_v more_o at_o large_a give_v you_o when_o we_o meet_v together_o be_v always_o sir_n you_o affectionate_o to_o serve_v you_o query_n send_v into_o france_n about_o the_o seed_n call_v la_fw-fr lucern_n when_o one_o n.n._n be_v last_o in_o france_n be_v in_o discourse_n with_o doctor_n d._n concern_v saint_n fâ—in_o he_o be_v then_o tell_v by_o doctor_n d._n that_o for_o the_o improvement_n of_o barren_a ground_n there_o be_v in_o those_o part_n of_o france_n about_o paris_n another_o seed_n that_o do_v far_o excel_v that_o of_o saint_n fâ—in_n and_o that_o the_o name_n of_o that_o more_o excellent_a seed_n be_v la_fw-fr lucern_n i_o be_o desire_v by_o a_o friend_n of_o i_o to_o who_o n._n n._n relate_v this_o passage_n of_o doctor_n d._n that_o by_o your_o kindness_n he_o may_v be_v speak_v to_o of_o this_o la_fw-fr lucern_n and_o his_o direction_n desire_v where_o the_o say_a seed_n in_o to_o be_v have_v for_o what_o price_n how_o much_o be_v usual_o sow_v upon_o a_o english_a acre_n what_o time_n of_o the_o year_n it_o be_v sow_v whether_o it_o be_v sow_v alone_o or_o any_o other_o ordinary_a corn_n and_o with_o what_o corn_n and_o with_o what_o kind_n of_o land_n it_o best_o agree_v and_o final_o what_o other_o particular_n he_o can_v direct_v more_o than_o be_v here_o set_v down_o the_o answer_n to_o the_o query_n from_o paris_n i_o have_v be_v with_o doctor_n d._n about_o lucern_n who_o tell_v i_o that_o it_o grow_v best_a in_o wettish_a ground_n that_o the_o best_a time_n of_o sow_v it_o in_o england_n will_v be_v in_o february_n at_o the_o same_o time_n that_o oat_n be_v sow_v with_o the_o which_o also_o it_o may_v be_v sow_v but_o best_a alone_a that_o to_o the_o sow_v of_o a_o arpent_n which_o be_v muchwhat_a the_o same_o with_o a_o english-acre_n there_o will_v go_v twelve_o or_o fifteen_o pound_n of_o the_o seed_n the_o which_o use_v to_o be_v sell_v here_o at_o eight_o or_o nine_o sol_n the_o pound_n more_o query_n concern_v lucern_n i_o desire_v further_a to_o know_v what_o kind_n of_o wet_a ground_n be_v best_a for_o it_o whether_o moorish_a or_o clay_n whether_o poor_a or_o rich_a whether_o it_o will_v continue_v over_o a_o year_n in_o the_o ground_n and_o if_o more_o than_o a_o year_n then_o how_o many_o year_n it_o will_v continue_v without_o be_v new_o sow_v whether_o it_o be_v only_o good_a for_o meadow_n or_o for_o pasture_n and_o if_o for_o pasture_n then_o whether_o the_o sheep_n or_o cattle_n be_v suffer_v to_o go_v upon_o it_o or_o whether_o it_o be_v carry_v off_o green_a as_o the_o clovergrasse_n be_v in_o flaunders_n last_o for_o what_o cattle_n it_o be_v most_o proper_a another_o answer_n from_o paris_n i_o think_v to_o have_v send_v you_o nine_o pound_n of_o the_o seed_n of_o lucern_n for_o the_o sow_v of_o three_o acre_n doctor_n d._n have_v tell_v i_o as_o heretofore_o i_o tell_v you_o that_o three_o pound_n will_v sow_v a_o arpent_n or_o acre_n but_o as_o i_o be_v go_v about_o it_o i_o meet_v with_o a_o gentleman_n a_o acquaintance_n of_o i_o who_o some_o year_n since_o but_o unknown_a to_o i_o hitherto_o have_v have_v some_o acre_n of_o meadow_n of_o lucern_n upon_o his_o ground_n to_o who_o have_v casual_o speak_v of_o my_o business_n and_o tell_v he_o all_o that_o doctor_n d._n have_v tell_v i_o about_o the_o lucern_n he_o answer_v i_o that_o doctor_n d._n be_v most_o gross_o mistake_v in_o the_o quantity_n of_o the_o seed_n require_v for_o the_o sow_v of_o a_o acre_n and_o that_o it_o will_v not_o 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that_o there_o be_v more_o clear_a gain_n by_o my_o way_n by_o ten_o acre_n then_o by_o thirty_o do_v the_o common_a way_n in_o which_o account_n i_o will_v not_o be_v my_o own_o carver_n but_o will_v refer_v myself_o to_o the_o account_n in_o a_o little_a book_n which_o i_o meet_v withal_o late_o though_o it_o be_v print_v anno_fw-la dom._n 1601._o when_o set_v of_o wheat_n be_v in_o great_a practice_n but_o afterward_o when_o the_o price_n of_o wheat_n grow_v cheap_a and_o labourer_n wage_n grow_v dear_a the_o practice_n cease_v for_o want_v of_o a_o expeditious_a way_n a_o comparison_n between_o plough_v and_o sow_v of_o three_o acree_n of_o land_n after_o the_o old_a fashion_n and_o plough_v and_o set_v of_o one_o acre_n after_o the_o manner_n declare_v in_o the_o book_n print_v anno_fw-la dom._n 1601._o by_o mr._n maxey_n gentleman_n a_o great_a practizer_n in_o those_o day_n in_o the_o art_n of_o set_v of_o corn._n and_o first_o for_o the_o charge_n the_o rent_n of_o three_o acree_n in_o most_o place_n be_v worth_a some_o five_o shilling_n a_o acre_n the_o land_n according_a to_o the_o use_n of_o the_o common_a field_n do_v lie_v fumer_fw-la fallow_a the_o first_o year_n and_o bear_v corn_n the_o other_o so_o the_o farmer_n pay_v the_o year_n rend_v before_o he_o have_v his_o crop_n which_o rent_n come_v to_o thirty_o shilling_n the_o plough_v of_o these_o if_o it_o be_v well_o do_v and_o as_o most_o ground_n require_v every_o acre_n four_o time_n which_o be_v twelve_o plowing_n at_o two_o shilling_n every_o time_n come_v to_o four_o and_o twenty_o shilling_n the_o dung_v of_o these_o three_o acre_n with_o some_o twelve_o or_o fourteen_o load_n upon_o every_o acre_n and_o be_v for_o three_o acre_n some_o forty_o load_n at_o six_o penny_n a_o load_n spread_v upon_o the_o land_n amount_v to_o twenty_o shilling_n the_o seed_n that_o will_v sow_v it_o be_v usual_o two_o bushel_n and_o a_o half_a of_o wheat_n or_o rye_n for_o every_o acre_n which_o be_v a_o 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of_o the_o fail_n of_o corn_n in_o the_o common_a field_n he_o sell_v it_o for_o forty_o shilling_n a_o quarter_n which_o come_v to_o twelve_o hundred_o pound_n with_o the_o rent_n and_o all_o so_o that_o he_o gain_v above_o a_o thousand_o pound_n clear_a by_o his_o twenty_o acre_n of_o barley_n yet_o i_o will_v wish_v no_o man_n to_o take_v in_o hand_n so_o hazardous_a a_o work_n again_o but_o rather_o to_o 2aim_v at_o a_o mean_a in_o fertilize_v of_o his_o land_n which_o be_v the_o sure_a way_n one_o year_n with_o another_o for_o if_o he_o make_v his_o land_n too_o extreme_a fertile_a than_o it_o be_v ten_o to_o one_o he_o shall_v have_v nothing_o but_o straw_n and_o some_o light_a corn_n which_o be_v good_a for_o little_a use_n but_o only_o for_o poultry_n and_o if_o on_o the_o other_o side_n he_o take_v so_o much_o be_v able_a land_n that_o he_o be_v not_o able_a to_o enrich_v it_o so_o that_o every_o acre_n may_v bear_v in_o a_o reasonable_a year_n five_o quarter_n by_o sow_v the_o common_a way_n or_o thereabouts_o and_o a_o eleven_o quarter_n and_o a_o half_a or_o thereabouts_o by_o set_v then_o let_v he_o cast_v up_o his_o account_n just_o and_o he_o shall_v find_v himself_o to_o be_v no_o good_a friend_n to_o himself_o nor_o yet_o to_o the_o commonwealth_n for_o he_o may_v have_v gain_v more_o by_o lay_v his_o compost_n upon_o half_a so_o much_o land_n and_o by_o set_v it_o orderly_o than_o by_o the_o whole_a so_o that_o he_o himself_o and_o the_o commonwealth_n be_v deprive_v of_o that_o benefit_n of_o the_o herbage_n of_o that_o land_n which_o he_o do_v unadvised_o and_o above_o his_o ability_n to_o enrich_v keep_v in_o tillage_n to_o his_o own_o loss_n and_o great_a damage_n certain_a experiment_n and_o improvement_n for_o the_o enrich_n of_o land_n by_o my_o new_a invention_n or_o engine_n which_o disperse_v the_o compost_n in_o such_o manner_n that_o it_o fall_v all_o within_o the_o reach_n of_o the_o attractive_a virtue_n of_o the_o corn._n the_o 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be_v to_o be_v turn_v into_o such_o a_o nature_n and_o property_n before_o it_o can_v produce_v great_a increase_n in_o the_o present_a crop_n wherefore_o the_o best_a husbandry_n be_v to_o prepare_v earth_n and_o compost_n in_o such_o manner_n that_o the_o nutritive_a virtue_n thereof_o may_v assimilate_v into_o the_o corn_n and_o fruit_n in_o the_o first_o year_n or_o else_o the_o husbandman_n lay_v out_o his_o stock_n and_o charge_n long_o before_o hand_n and_o be_v deprive_v of_o great_a part_n of_o the_o benefit_n thereof_o by_o reason_n that_o the_o rain_n and_o land-floud_n do_v carry_v away_o a_o great_a share_n of_o the_o chilus_fw-la or_o juice_n of_o such_o dung_n as_o fall_v out_o of_o the_o reach_n of_o the_o attractive_a virtue_n of_o the_o seed_n or_o plant_v and_o if_o any_o man_n doubt_n of_o it_o let_v he_o fill_v all_o the_o hole_n when_o he_o have_v set_v a_o acre_n of_o corn_n with_o such_o fat_a earth_n and_o he_o shall_v find_v his_o increase_n double_v upon_o common_a barren_a field_n land_n and_o contrariwise_o let_v he_o fill_v the_o hole_n with_o common_a dung_n and_o he_o shall_v find_v no_o such_o success_n but_o some_o will_v say_v that_o this_o be_v a_o peddle_a business_n and_o a_o endless_a work_n to_o which_o i_o answer_v that_o so_o it_o be_v indeed_o to_o those_o which_o know_v not_o the_o use_n of_o my_o new_a invention_n or_o engine_n but_o that_o be_v know_v be_v the_o most_o profitable_a work_n in_o the_o world_n for_o a_o man_n may_v fill_v 400._o hole_n in_o the_o twinkle_n of_o a_o eye_n and_o may_v order_v a_o whole_a acre_n in_o like_a manner_n with_o a_o very_a little_a charge_n more_o than_o the_o spread_n of_o the_o dung_n do_v usual_o cost_v therefore_o now_o i_o will_v proceed_v to_o show_v how_o divers_a fertile_a earth_n may_v be_v prepare_v wherewith_o the_o hole_n may_v be_v fill_v and_o so_o consequent_o the_o increase_n may_v be_v double_v and_o this_o practice_n will_v be_v excellent_a in_o such_o place_n where_o the_o charge_n of_o carriage_n cost_v much_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o great_a distance_n of_o the_o place_n from_o the_o compost_n for_o i_o find_v that_o though_o divers_a imbibition_n of_o the_o seed_n with_o apt_a liquor_n do_v produce_v a_o good_a improvement_n yet_o it_o be_v not_o a_o practice_n comparable_a to_o this_o for_o if_o a_o farmer_n have_v twenty_o acre_n of_o arable_a land_n and_o have_v dung_n but_o for_o fifteen_o acre_n and_o shall_v yet_o have_v a_o good_a crop_n by_o mean_n of_o a_o good_a imbbiition_n yet_o be_v not_o this_o knowledge_n sufficient_a for_o a_o husbandman_n upon_o who_o skill_n the_o happiness_n of_o himself_o and_o the_o whole_a commonwealth_n depend_v for_o by_o this_o way_n he_o may_v enrich_v his_o arable_a land_n at_o pleasure_n be_v it_o never_o so_o barren_a nor_o never_o so_o much_o remote_a from_o his_o compost_n for_o on_o the_o one_o side_n if_o the_o fill_n of_o the_o hole_n be_v not_o sufficient_a he_o may_v heap_v they_o as_o hop_n be_v usual_o heap_v with_o fertile_a earth_n and_o dung_n and_o on_o the_o other_o side_n if_o the_o earth_n be_v too_o rich_a so_o that_o it_o will_v make_v the_o corn_n too_o rank_a than_o he_o may_v half_o fill_v the_o hole_n or_o less_o and_o then_o fill_v they_o up_o with_o a_o rake_n with_o their_o own_o proper_a earth_n or_o he_o may_v make_v his_o earth_n so_o rich_a that_o he_o may_v mingle_v with_o it_o twice_o the_o quantity_n of_o the_o field_n earth_n before_o he_o disperse_v it_o by_o which_o mean_n he_o may_v save_v a_o great_a deal_n in_o the_o charge_n of_o the_o carriage_n of_o his_o compost_n where_o the_o field_n be_v far_o distant_a the_o second_o experiment_n or_o improvement_n wherein_o be_v show_v how_o a_o rich_a compost_n may_v be_v make_v in_o form_n of_o earth_n fit_a to_o fill_v up_o the_o hole_n when_o the_o corn_n be_v set_v let_v a_o acre_n or_o more_o or_o less_o of_o good_a arable_a earth_n neither_o clay_n nor_o sand_n but_o indifferent_o well_o mix_v be_v choose_v in_o some_o apt_a place_n where_o dung_n be_v plentiful_a and_o cheap_a then_o cover_v it_o with_o dung_n a_o foot_n thick_a or_o thereabouts_o and_o then_o you_o may_v be_v at_o choice_n whether_o you_o will_v at_o six_o month_n end_n shovel_n off_o all_o the_o dung_n and_o carry_v the_o fat_a earth_n to_o be_v use_v as_o in_o the_o former_a experiment_n or_o else_o to_o plough_v it_o four_o or_o five_o time_n all_o together_o in_o a_o year_n space_n and_o then_o carry_v all_o to_o be_v use_v as_o in_o the_o former_a experiment_n either_o of_o these_o way_n will_v serve_v for_o one_o acre_n of_o earth_n thus_o make_v fertile_a will_v make_v a_o hundred_o acre_n fertile_a and_o to_o yield_v a_o good_a crop_n yea_o even_o as_o you_o desire_v so_o you_o may_v fertilise_v by_o the_o mean_v prescribe_v in_o the_o first_o experiment_n and_o this_o same_o work_n may_v be_v do_v in_o a_o little_a garden_n plot_n in_o city_n corporation_n or_o village_n where_o a_o bed_n of_o good_a earth_n may_v be_v enrich_v at_o pleasure_n with_o all_o liquor_n throw_v upon_o it_o which_o contain_v any_o fatness_n or_o saltness_n as_o urine_n beef-broth_n soapsud_n blood_n brine_n of_o powder_a tub_n kitchin-wash_a fish-water_n lees_n of_o all_o wine_n bear_v perrey_n cider_n or_o whatsoever_o be_v good_a for_o hog_n the_o same_o will_v yield_v a_o excellent_a virtue_n to_o this_o earth_n and_o if_o a_o cover_n be_v set_v over_o it_o to_o keep_v it_o dry_a for_o a_o year_n space_n you_o may_v enrich_v it_o so_o that_o you_o may_v carry_v it_o twenty_o mile_n and_o yet_o find_v more_o gain_n by_o it_o than_o by_o a_o common_a dung_n that_o lie_v but_o a_o mile_n off_o and_o any_o
husbandman_n that_o dwell_v within_o a_o few_o mile_n of_o any_o city_n make_v a_o rich_a benefit_n by_o bring_v certain_a load_n of_o arable_a earth_n yearly_a into_o city_n and_o by_o give_v a_o bushel_n or_o two_o of_o wheat_n to_o certain_a householder_n of_o his_o acquaintance_n for_o the_o enrich_n of_o it_o as_o aforesaid_a the_o three_o experiment_n or_o improvement_n where_o be_v show_v how_o a_o rich_a compost_n may_v be_v make_v in_o form_n of_o earth_n near_o to_o the_o sea_n which_o may_v be_v carry_v many_o mile_n you_o must_v understand_v that_o this_o compost_n be_v profitable_a only_o for_o such_o ground_n where_o bay-salt_n be_v apt_a to_o cause_v fructification_n or_o sea-sand_n as_o in_o divers_a place_n in_o cornwall_n where_o they_o carry_v it_o on_o horse_n back_o divers_a mile_n and_o find_v that_o it_o make_v a_o very_a excellent_a improvement_n well_o thus_o may_v you_o work_v and_o make_v as_o rich_a a_o compost_n as_o any_o can_v be_v in_o the_o world_n for_o ground_n of_o that_o nature_n let_v a_o place_n be_v choose_v where_o there_o be_v a_o acre_n of_o kindly_a earth_n where_o it_o may_v be_v float_v at_o every_o springtide_n and_o afterward_o the_o water_n dry_v away_o by_o the_o heat_n of_o the_o sun_n and_o then_o plough_v and_o serve_v so_o many_o time_n till_o it_o be_v as_o fertile_a as_o you_o please_v the_o like_a may_v be_v do_v by_o water_v the_o earth_n with_o sea-water_n and_o by_o plough_v it_o with_o scoop_n all_o summer_n or_o till_o it_o be_v as_o fertile_a as_o you_o please_v and_o in_o some_o part_n of_o england_n the_o sea_n water_n may_v be_v let_v into_o the_o land_n many_o mile_n for_o the_o purpose_n aforesaid_a the_o like_a may_v be_v do_v by_o mingle_v earth_n with_o malt_n dust_n pigeon_n dung_n or_o any_o other_o compost_n which_o be_v find_v to_o do_v much_o good_a with_o a_o small_a quantity_n as_o malt_n and_o other_o corn_n spoil_v by_o any_o accident_n may_v be_v ground_n into_o meal_n and_o mingle_v with_o earth_n or_o putrify_v with_o the_o earth_n a_o whole_a year_n unground_a till_o it_o be_v turn_v into_o earth_n also_o lime_n and_o dung_n or_o combustible_a earth_n mix_v together_o or_o all_o three_o plough_v divers_a time_n for_o a_o year_n till_o they_o be_v turn_v into_o earth_n be_v a_o rich_a compost_n if_o you_o can_v find_v out_o the_o true_a adaptation_n of_o this_o and_o of_o all_o my_o other_o compost_n than_o you_o may_v save_v fourscore_o pound_n in_o the_o hundred_o pound_n in_o the_o fertilize_n of_o any_o arable_a land_n in_o england_n and_o also_o you_o may_v afford_v to_o carry_v your_o compost_n to_o place_n and_o barren_a ground_n far_o distant_a which_o now_o admit_v of_o no_o improvement_n within_o charge_n by_o reason_n of_o their_o great_a distance_n of_o place_n and_o if_o the_o distance_n be_v very_o far_o than_o you_o may_v try_v with_o bay-salt_n saltpetre_n soap_n dissolve_v in_o hot_a water_n or_o any_o other_o substance_n which_o enrich_v arable_a land_n exceed_o and_o when_o you_o have_v hit_v the_o mark_n than_o you_o may_v bring_v these_o substance_n twenty_o thirty_o or_o forty_o mile_n and_o yet_o you_o fertilise_v your_o arable_a land_n by_o my_o new_a invention_n cheap_a than_o with_o common_a dung_n though_o it_o be_v to_o be_v have_v within_o a_o mile_n of_o the_o place_n if_o you_o enrich_v the_o earth_n with_o these_o liquor_n or_o salt_n dissolve_v and_o so_o make_v use_n of_o my_o engine_n for_o the_o fill_n of_o the_o hole_n when_o the_o corn_n be_v set_v the_o four_o experimene_n or_o improvement_n wherein_o be_v show_v how_o a_o rich_a compost_n may_v be_v make_v in_o form_n of_o earth_n for_o the_o purpose_n aforesaid_a which_o may_v also_o be_v convert_v into_o salt-peter_n it_o be_v find_v by_o experience_n that_o where_o the_o saltpetre_n man_n do_v find_v a_o old_a house_n of_o office_n in_o a_o dry_a vault_n where_o no_o moisture_n do_v annoy_v it_o there_o they_o get_v their_o best_a liquor_n also_o it_o be_v find_v by_o experience_n that_o horse-dung_n be_v putrify_v and_o turn_v into_o earth_n in_o a_o dry_a place_n do_v likewise_o yield_v much_o saltpetre_n also_o it_o be_v find_v by_o good_a experience_n that_o clay_n wall_n make_v of_o some_o kind_n of_o clay_n do_v yield_v great_a store_n of_o saltpetre_n which_o may_v be_v see_v in_o oxford-shire_n and_o divers_a other_o place_n where_o pigeon_n resort_v to_o the_o clay_n wall_n and_o thereby_o give_v intelligence_n to_o the_o saltpetre_n man_n to_o steep_v the_o same_o who_o many_o time_n find_v the_o liquor_n so_o rich_a that_o they_o will_v steep_v many_o perche_n in_o length_n of_o such_o wall_n though_o they_o make_v up_o the_o wall_n again_o at_o their_o own_o charge_n according_a to_o the_o law_n by_o all_o these_o experiment_n join_v together_o it_o seem_v that_o a_o rich_a compost_n either_o for_o land_n or_o for_o saltpetre_n may_v be_v make_v as_o follow_v first_o let_v a_o little_a frame_n of_o a_o house_n about_o four_o foot_n high_a be_v frame_v in_o every_o man_n backside_n as_o well_o in_o city_n as_o country_n town_n and_o let_v there_o be_v nothing_o but_o stud_n and_o those_o very_a thin_a and_o let_v it_o be_v length_n and_o bigness_n of_o a_o sâ—wpit_n or_o grave_n or_o great_a or_o lesser_a at_o pleasure_n then_o build_v a_o little_a house_n of_o office_n over_o it_o which_o be_v broad_a than_o it_o to_o keep_v it_o from_o rain_n and_o moisture_n then_o make_v up_o the_o wall_n about_o a_o foot_n thick_a with_o this_o composition_n of_o earth_n follow_v and_o in_o less_o than_o a_o eleven_o year_n all_o the_o wall_n and_o ordure_n will_v yield_v either_o good_a store_n of_o saltpetre_n or_o a_o rich_a earth_n for_o compost_n worth_a twenty_o shilling_n a_o load_n at_o the_o least_o for_o the_o fertilize_n of_o land_n if_o every_o household_n have_v two_o of_o these_o house_n he_o shall_v never_o have_v more_o trouble_n but_o to_o make_v use_n of_o one_o while_o the_o other_o do_v ripen_v the_o wall_n must_v be_v make_v of_o horse_n dung_n and_o so_o much_o clay_n as_o will_v temper_v it_o and_o the_o less_o the_o better_a so_o that_o it_o will_v hold_v together_o the_o clay_n must_v not_o be_v of_o the_o nature_n of_o brewer_n clay_n i_o mean_v such_o as_o will_v stop_v water_n of_o the_o mawmy_a clay_n in_o oxfordshire_n and_o many_o other_o place_n which_o be_v partly_o of_o the_o nature_n of_o marle_n and_o will_v break_v itself_o which_o lie_v abroad_o in_o winter_n like_o unto_o marle_n or_o lime_n whereby_o it_o be_v discover_v to_o contain_v much_o salt_n in_o its_o composition_n which_o if_o it_o be_v well_o choose_v will_v wonderful_o add_v to_o the_o richness_n of_o the_o earth_n when_o it_o be_v putrify_v fox_n both_o use_n to_o wit_n for_o compost_n or_o saltpetre_n at_o pleasure_n if_o this_o work_n be_v well_o put_v into_o practice_n the_o very_a ordure_n of_o every_o family_n may_v be_v so_o improve_v by_o my_o new_a invention_n that_o it_o will_v produce_v as_o much_o corn_n again_o as_o be_v spend_v in_o the_o say_a house_n in_o the_o former_a year_n beside_o that_o barren_a land_n and_o far_o distant_a from_o other_o compost_n may_v this_o way_n be_v make_v fertile_a and_o for_o the_o poor_a sort_n who_o the_o charge_n may_v be_v make_v considerable_a for_o the_o build_n of_o the_o house_n they_o may_v lay_v a_o load_n or_o two_o of_o good_a earth_n like_o a_o bed_n in_o a_o garden_n and_o cover_v it_o from_o rain_n and_o with_o a_o movable_a stool_n or_o seat_n make_v this_o earth_n as_o rich_a as_o the_o other_o but_o in_o all_o work_n where_o saltpetre_n be_v expect_v you_o must_v make_v a_o little_a ditch_n about_o the_o earth_n which_o shall_v produce_v it_o or_o else_o the_o least_o moisture_n will_v draw_v away_o the_o saltpetre_n even_o as_o the_o saltpetre_n man_n do_v with_o their_o tub_n and_o if_o any_o man_n will_v take_v in_o hand_n to_o build_v such_o house_n of_o office_n in_o or_o near_o to_o any_o marketplace_n school_n college_n or_o other_o place_n where_o there_o be_v a_o great_a confluence_n of_o people_n he_o may_v gain_v sound_o by_o it_o and_o also_o do_v a_o pleasure_n to_o the_o commonwealth_n and_o let_v no_o man_n doubt_v of_o this_o relation_n for_o if_o the_o compost_n be_v apt_a for_o the_o land_n and_o seed_n it_o be_v marvellous_a to_o see_v the_o increase_n thereof_o i_o have_v the_o last_o summer_n 18._o for_o one_o upon_o a_o trial_n which_o i_o make_v with_o beer_n barley_n which_o do_v call_v barley_n which_o some_o do_v call_v barley_n big_a it_o have_v four_o square_a ear_n and_o i_o do_v nothing_o to_o it_o but_o steep_v in_o blood_n for_o one_o night_n and_o then_o set_v it_o at_o a_o eleven_o
brewer_n clay_n and_o will_v stop_v water_n by_o lay_v a_o good_a thick_a leer_n thereof_o under_o your_o brick_n or_o other_o pavement_n in_o the_o bottom_n of_o your_o vault_n or_o well_o and_o also_o run_v in_o a_o course_n of_o the_o same_o clay_n betwixt_o the_o wall_n of_o the_o vault_n and_o the_o earth_n and_o as_o for_o water_n for_o your_o cattle_n it_o be_v a_o common_a practice_n in_o the_o west_n country_n to_o make_v pond_n to_o hold_v water_n for_o all_o the_o year_n by_o bottome_v of_o they_o with_o clay_n in_o this_o manner_n viz._n first_o choose_v a_o place_n where_o some_o high_a ground_n will_v yield_v water_n always_o when_o there_o be_v any_o store_n of_o rain_n then_o make_v your_o pond_n as_o great_a as_o you_o please_v then_o ram_v the_o bottom_n a_o foot_n thick_a with_o clay_n or_o thereabouts_o then_o make_v another_o such_o leer_n of_o clay_n and_o last_o another_o pavement_n this_o be_v well_o do_v it_o will_v endure_v for_o ever_o and_o will_v hold_v water_n every_o year_n better_o than_o other_o by_o reason_n of_o some_o fat_a missage_n which_o the_o water_n will_v let_v sink_v the_o seven_o experimene_n wherein_o be_v show_v how_o seller_n that_o be_v annoy_v with_o water-spring_n way_n be_v remedy_v i_o have_v see_v a_o cellar_n make_v with_o sheet-lead_a and_o a_o floor_n of_o baord_n lay_v upon_o treasen_n or_o joyst_n of_o timber_n to_o keep_v the_o lead_n from_o injury_n in_o the_o floor_n which_o will_v endure_v for_o many_o age_n but_o this_o be_v too_o costly_a for_o farmer_n as_o for_o their_o help_n therein_o i_o have_v see_v a_o cellar_n that_o sometime_o will_v be_v fill_v with_o water_n a_o yard_n deep_a thus_o cure_v viz._n first_o to_o make_v two_o little_a vault_n with_o brick_n lay_v without_o mortar_n to_o each_o corner_n of_o the_o cellar_n and_o to_o vent_v the_o water_n into_o four_o pit_n or_o little_a well_n make_v without_o the_o cellar_n then_o make_v some_o few_o lesser_a vault_n from_o all_o place_n of_o the_o cellar_n into_o those_o first_o vault_n then_o ram_v down_o a_o good_a thick_a leer_n of_o good_a clay_n upon_o the_o top_n of_o the_o brick_n and_o then_o to_o pave_v the_o cellar_n and_o the_o weight_n of_o this_o clay_n and_o brick_n and_o pavement_n will_v press_v down_o the_o water_n and_o make_v it_o vent_v itself_o into_o the_o four_o pit_n or_o well_n which_o must_v be_v lay_v with_o brick_n without_o mortar_n and_o then_o the_o pit_n will_v never_o be_v full_a than_o the_o top_n of_o the_o spring_n but_o will_v vent_v away_o the_o superfluous_a water_n continual_o and_o keep_v the_o cellar_n always_o dry_a but_o if_o the_o clay_n and_o pavement_n be_v not_o heavy_a enough_o to_o press_v the_o water_n up_o into_o the_o pit_n than_o the_o floor_n of_o the_o cellar_n will_v rise_v up_o and_o tetter_n and_o swim_v like_o a_o bog-mire_n and_o if_o it_o be_v heavy_a enough_o than_o the_o cure_n be_v substantial_o perform_v for_o ever_o if_o any_o moisture_n come_v in_o at_o the_o side_n of_o the_o cellar_n let_v they_o be_v ram_v with_o clay_n as_o in_o the_o former_a experiment_n for_o vault_n by_o this_o experiment_n sellar_n may_v be_v make_v in_o any_o low_a ground_n whatsoever_o and_o every_o one_o know_v that_o drink_n keep_v cool_v in_o summer_n be_v twice_o as_o good_a to_o quench_v thirst_n as_o warm_v drink_n therefore_o i_o need_v not_o use_v more_o persuasion_n to_o man_n to_o make_v use_n of_o this_o so_o cheap_a so_o easy_a and_o so_o certain_a a_o experiment_n the_o eight_o experiment_n wherein_o be_v show_v how_o the_o rot_n in_o sheep_n may_v be_v cure_v although_o i_o have_v show_v in_o the_o chapter_n of_o the_o sheep_n how_o this_o disease_n may_v be_v infallible_o prevent_v yet_o in_o regard_n that_o sometime_o through_o negligence_n of_o servant_n and_o sometime_o through_o want_n of_o sound_a ground_n to_o remove_v they_o to_o at_o such_o time_n as_o i_o have_v prescribe_v this_o disease_n will_v happen_v in_o your_o flock_n i_o will_v show_v a_o certain_a cure_n although_o somewhat_o costly_a and_o when_o i_o have_v do_v i_o will_v show_v you_o the_o charge_n how_o it_o may_v be_v regain_v with_o great_a advantage_n well_o then_o a_o little_a after_o midsummer_n if_o the_o month_n of_o may_n and_o june_n have_v prove_v very_o moist_a and_o rainy_a for_o else_o you_o need_v not_o to_o trouble_v yourselves_o at_o all_o then_o take_v a_o view_n of_o your_o sheep_n somewhat_o serious_o if_o you_o find_v by_o the_o colour_n of_o their_o eye_n that_o they_o have_v catch_v that_o disease_n than_o thus_o you_o must_v proceed_v you_o must_v have_v a_o large_a barn_n or_o sheep-coat_n set_v about_o with_o wooden_a trough_n and_o therein_o feed_v they_o with_o oat_n a_o day_n or_o two_o then_o steal_v in_o some_o bay-salt_n small_a stamp_v and_o after_o that_o some_o great_a quantity_n till_o such_o time_n as_o they_o begin_v to_o distaste_n it_o then_o give_v they_o clean_a oat_n another_o day_n or_o two_o and_o afterward_o serve_v they_o with_o salt_n as_o before_o and_o this_o course_n be_v follow_v until_o their_o eye_n have_v recover_v their_o natural_a colour_n then_o be_v the_o cure_n perform_v this_o may_v be_v do_v in_o a_o corrt-yard_n or_o in_o another_o place_n where_o a_o house_n can_v be_v have_v but_o than_o you_o can_v so_o well_o recover_v your_o charge_n again_o which_o must_v be_v do_v after_o this_o manner_n viz_o you_o must_v lay_v in_o the_o house_n all_o over_o good_a arable_a earth_n for_o wheat_n and_o once_o in_o three_o or_o four_o day_n leâ—_n it_o be_v turn_v with_o a_o spade_n or_o with_o a_o plough_n if_o both_o the_o end_n of_o the_o house_n can_v be_v open_v and_o this_o earth_n when_o the_o sheep_n be_v cure_v must_v be_v lay_v upon_o a_o heap_n for_o a_o year_n or_o thereabouts_o where_o it_o may_v be_v dry_a until_o the_o dung_n be_v thorough_o rot_v and_o turn_v into_o earth_n this_o earth_n may_v be_v disperse_v by_o my_o engine_n to_o fill_v up_o the_o hole_n where_o the_o wheat_n be_v new_o set_v and_o so_o it_o will_v produce_v a_o increase_n of_o four_o time_n as_o much_o wheat_n as_o you_o spend_v in_o oat_n which_o will_v pay_v for_o all_o your_o salt_n and_o other_o charge_n there_o be_v a_o cause_n why_o sheep_n that_o be_v fold_v do_v rot_v more_o violent_o than_o those_o which_o be_v not_o fold_v though_o they_o feed_v upon_o the_o same_o ground_n for_o that_o they_o be_v more_o hungry_a many_o time_n by_o be_v restrain_v of_o their_o free_a liberty_n to_o feed_v at_o pleasure_n they_o do_v devour_v the_o rawish_a sowrish_n and_o hurtful_a grass_n with_o more_o greediness_n and_o be_v less_o prone_a to_o be_v nice_a in_o their_o diet_n and_o to_o refuse_v that_o sort_n which_o be_v most_o please_a to_o their_o nature_n therefore_o it_o seem_v to_o be_v a_o good_a way_n to_o let_v they_o go_v at_o liberty_n in_o the_o month_n of_o may_n and_o june_n in_o such_o year_n as_o those_o month_n of_o may_n and_o june_n prove_v very_o moist_a and_o rainy_a for_o it_o be_v less_o trouble_n and_o charge_n to_o prevent_v a_o disease_n than_o to_o cure_v it_o afterward_o i_o have_v know_v divers_a man_n that_o have_v drench_v their_o sheep_n every_o year_n divers_a time_n and_o thereby_o have_v save_v they_o veâ—y_o well_o but_o those_o man_n not_o know_v what_o year_n be_v dangerous_a be_v more_o trouble_v than_o they_o need_v for_o sometime_o three_o or_o four_o year_n come_v together_o where_o there_o be_v no_o need_n at_o all_o to_o make_v use_n either_o of_o cure_n or_o prevention_n the_o nine_o experiment_n wherein_o be_v show_v how_o corn_n may_v be_v preserve_v in_o cheap_a year_n without_o corruption_n so_o that_o it_o may_v supply_v the_o dearth_n when_o it_o come_v it_o be_v sound_a by_o experience_n that_o when_o three_o or_o four_o year_n come_v together_o wherein_o corn_n prosper_v well_o than_o it_o become_v so_o cheap_a that_o the_o poor_a farmer_n be_v undo_v again_o if_o the_o unreasonableness_n of_o the_o weather_n across_o it_o a_o year_n or_o two_o than_o it_o become_v so_o dear_a that_o the_o poor_a people_n be_v half_o starve_v to_o remedy_v this_o inconvenience_n i_o know_v no_o better_a way_n than_o to_o instruct_v corn-hoarders_a who_o though_o they_o usual_o be_v none_o of_o the_o best_a commonwealth_n man_n yet_o they_o do_v sometime_o prevent_v the_o dearth_n that_o it_o be_v not_o so_o violent_a as_o else_o it_o will_v be_v well_o then_o thus_o may_v we_o do_v make_v a_o board_v floor_n about_o a_o yard_n or_o two_o high_a and_o as_o broad_a and_o as_o long_o as_o you_o please_v then_o set_v ledge_n about_o it_o so_o that_o no_o mouse_n nor_o rat_n can_v climb_v up_o then_o in_o harvest_n make_v
of_o a_o bean-stalk_n cut_v half_o a_o inch_n long_o above_o a_o knot_n and_o so_o set_v it_o will_v bear_v a_o fruit_n contrary_a in_o colour_n taste_n and_o form_n contrary_a to_o any_o one_o of_o they_o also_o by_o this_o mean_v he_o may_v exalt_v the_o nature_n and_o excellency_n thereof_o at_o pleasure_n if_o about_o the_o root_n thereof_o he_o make_v three_o or_o four_o little_a hole_n in_o the_o earth_n and_o now_o and_o then_o with_o a_o little_a fennel_n and_o a_o spoon_n he_o put_v into_o the_o hole_n a_o little_a of_o the_o best_a new_a wort_n wherein_o have_v be_v boil_v a_o little_a cinnamon_n clove_n mace_n sugar_n or_o any_o other_o substance_n of_o excellent_a taste_n and_o odour_n for_o as_o it_o be_v find_v by_o experience_n that_o any_o evil_a neutriment_n do_v spoil_v yea_o &_o sometime_o poison_v the_o thing_n nourish_v so_o any_o excellent_a nutriment_n do_v wonderful_o advance_v the_o goodness_n and_o excellency_n thereof_o and_o after_o that_o these_o tree_n be_v come_v to_o age_n of_o maturity_n to_o be_v fruitful_a then_o the_o scion_n take_v thence_o will_v be_v perpetual_a and_o able_a to_o fill_v the_o whole_a country_n with_o fruit_n of_o the_o same_o kind_n and_o by_o such_o mean_n as_o these_o there_o be_v no_o question_n but_o all_o these_o variety_n of_o excellent_a fruit_n be_v obtain_v in_o former_a time_n for_o it_o can_v be_v think_v but_o that_o at_o the_o first_o when_o there_o be_v none_o but_o wild_a fruit_n there_o can_v neither_o be_v such_o variety_n nor_o yet_o fruit_n of_o such_o excellency_n i_o have_v now_o some_o trial_n in_o hand_n with_o some_o pulse_n fruit_n and_o garden_n stuff_n to_o meliorate_v they_o in_o this_o manner_n and_o do_v not_o doubt_v of_o the_o success_n the_o fifteen_o observation_n and_o experiment_n show_v how_o it_o may_v be_v order_v that_o corn_n shall_v never_o be_v exceed_o cheap_a to_o the_o great_a prejudice_n of_o the_o farmer_n nor_o exceed_v dear_a to_o the_o grievance_n of_o the_o buyer_n it_o be_v find_v by_o experience_n that_o when_o barley_n be_v at_o two_o shilling_n the_o bushel_n or_o under_o than_o a_o acre_n and_o so_o twenty_o acre_n of_o land_n may_v be_v manure_v with_o malt_n more_o cheap_a than_o with_o dung_n if_o it_o he_o worth_a six_o penny_n a_o load_n and_o to_o be_v carry_v half_o a_o mile_n and_o this_o be_v true_a if_o after_o the_o common_a manner_n the_o malt_n be_v sow_v among_o the_o wheat_n as_o they_o use_v to_o do_v with_o pigeon_n dung_n malt_n dust_n rag_n shave_n of_o horn_n salt-peter_n bay-salt_n or_o any_o other_o thing_n which_o be_v potent_a and_o effectual_a for_o multiplication_n now_o let_v every_o man_n judge_n of_o how_o great_a consequence_n this_o experiment_n will_v be_v if_o by_o my_o new_a invention_n the_o malt_n be_v disperse_v into_o the_o hole_n where_o the_o wheat_n be_v set_v so_o that_o it_o all_o lie_n within_o the_o attractive_a virtue_n of_o the_o corn_n for_o than_o none_o will_v be_v lose_v and_o by_o this_o mean_v a_o acre_n of_o land_n may_v be_v manure_v with_o so_o much_o corn_n as_o be_v usual_o cast_v away_o by_o the_o accustom_a manner_n of_o sow_v more_o than_o by_o set_v and_o the_o reason_n why_o malt_n be_v so_o much_o better_a than_o corn_n be_v because_o that_o by_o dry_v upon_o the_o kiln_n the_o vegetative_a spirit_n be_v kill_v and_o by_o the_o malt_a the_o nutritive_a virtue_n be_v open_v and_o advance_v and_o it_o matter_v not_o of_o what_o corn_n the_o malt_n be_v make_v as_o of_o barley_n pease_n bean_n oat_n fetch_n or_o buck-wheat_n or_o whatsoever_o be_v cheap_a for_o by_o this_o mean_n it_o be_v convert_v into_o the_o substance_n of_o the_o wheat_n together_o with_o the_o benefit_n of_o the_o multiplication_n neither_o be_v it_o material_a whether_o the_o mast_n be_v ground_n or_o not_o especial_o for_o wheat_n or_o any_o corn_n sow_v before_o winter_n for_o that_o in_o due_a time_n it_o will_v be_v dissolve_v and_o putrify_a so_o that_o by_o little_a and_o little_a it_o may_v be_v assimilate_v i_o have_v find_v by_o experience_n that_o when_o i_o have_v take_v the_o great_a pike_a wheat_n my_o increase_n have_v be_v double_v more_o than_o with_o the_o small_a sort_n the_o reason_n can_v be_v no_o other_o but_o that_o such_o wheat_n be_v both_o seed_n and_o compost_n i_o have_v also_o put_v into_o every_o hole_n with_o the_o wheat_n seven_o or_o eight_o malt-corne_n and_o then_o increase_n be_v four_o or_o five_o yea_o six_o time_n more_o increase_v than_o before_o and_o this_o seven_o or_o eight_o malt-corn_n be_v so_o disperse_v by_o my_o engine_n into_o every_o hole_n be_v quick_o do_v and_o amount_v to_o no_o more_o corn_n than_o be_v usual_o cast_v away_o in_o sow_v more_o than_o be_v needful_a in_o set_v now_o the_o use_n to_o be_v make_v of_o this_o experience_n for_o the_o prevention_n of_o cheapness_n be_v to_o make_v a_o great_a use_n thereof_o in_o time_n of_o exceed_a plenty_n and_o to_o keep_v much_o dung_n in_o store_n for_o another_o year_n this_o with_o the_o practice_n of_o engross_a and_o hoard_v up_o of_o corn_n teach_v before_o will_v prevent_v immoderate_a cheapness_n and_o preserve_v many_o a_o honest_a poor_a farmer_n from_o poverty_n and_o howsoever_o i_o shall_v not_o be_v free_a from_o the_o aspersion_n of_o the_o ignorant_a plebeian_n for_o this_o my_o attempt_n yet_o i_o regard_v they_o not_o be_v devote_v to_o the_o universal_a benefit_n of_o all_o and_o let_v they_o be_v please_v to_o understand_v that_o every_o cheap_a year_n be_v but_o a_o forerunner_n of_o a_o dear_a one_o unless_o that_o this_o course_n be_v take_v by_o reason_n that_o much_o corn_n ground_n be_v usual_o upon_o such_o occasion_n turn_v into_o pasture_n when_o as_o the_o farmer_n find_v more_o gain_n in_o convert_v the_o fruit_n of_o the_o earth_n into_o beef_n mutton_n butter_n cheese_n etc._n etc._n then_o by_o turn_v they_o into_o corn._n and_o let_v they_o be_v please_v also_o to_o take_v notice_n of_o the_o statute_n make_v in_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n james_n of_o happy_a memory_n which_o allow_v engrosser_n to_o hoard_v up_o corn_n for_o no_o other_o purpose_n but_o this_o which_o statute_n i_o wish_v all_o man_n that_o can_v spare_v their_o money_n to_o take_v notice_n and_o to_o mast_n use_v of_o the_o same_o for_o their_o own_o advantage_n as_o well_o as_o for_o the_o public_a benefit_n and_o let_v they_o not_o doubt_v of_o their_o gain_n which_o must_v needs_o prove_v certain_a howsoever_o yea_o though_o nature_n shall_v divers_a year_n together_o prove_v a_o love_a nurse_n and_o not_o play_v the_o stepmother_n by_o administer_a too_o much_o rain_n or_o too_o much_o drought_n or_o too_o little_a of_o either_o which_o be_v sometime_o see_v three_o or_o four_o year_n together_o though_o very_o seldom_o and_o if_o it_o happen_v so_o yet_o by_o turn_v the_o arable_a land_n into_o grass_n it_o have_v always_o come_v to_o pass_v as_o i_o have_v diligent_o observe_v for_o many_o year_n that_o the_o price_n of_o corn_n have_v be_v double_v at_o the_o least_o now_o that_o i_o have_v do_v with_o the_o prevention_n of_o cheapness_n i_o will_v proceed_v to_o the_o prevention_n of_o dearth_n which_o may_v be_v partly_o do_v by_o the_o store_v of_o corn_n and_o partly_o by_o my_o new_a invention_n for_o the_o expeditious_a set_n of_o corn_n which_o be_v so_o easy_a and_o quick_a for_o dispatch_v that_o he_o that_o have_v a_o ordinary_a plowland_n viz._n sixty_o acre_n in_o tillage_n may_v set_v it_o all_o in_o due_a time_n and_o pay_v his_o charge_n with_o the_o four_o part_n of_o the_o money_n which_o he_o may_v sell_v his_o corn_n for_o present_o beside_o the_o increase_n of_o the_o succeed_a crop_n which_o will_v be_v a_o three_o part_n more_o at_o least_o and_o will_v come_v in_o a_o good_a time_n for_o it_o be_v never_o see_v that_o corn_n be_v very_o cheap_a the_o next_o year_n after_o a_o dear_a and_o by_o this_o mean_v a_o good_a farmer_n may_v sow_v twenty_o 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shall_v take_v a_o great_a viol_n or_o instrument_n of_o music_n and_o make_v a_o little_a fiddle_n thereof_o no_o man_n can_v deny_v but_o that_o the_o substance_n of_o the_o viol_n be_v convert_v into_o the_o fiddle_n notwithstanding_o that_o there_o be_v a_o great_a number_n of_o chip_n which_o enter_v not_o into_o the_o fiddle_n well_o then_o i_o will_v proceed_v and_o divide_v this_o sixteen_o experiment_n into_o several_a experiment_n for_o more_o easy_a apprehension_n the_o first_o experiment_n show_v how_o mineral_n may_v be_v turn_v into_o vegetable_n first_o choose_v a_o parcel_n of_o arable_a land_n that_o be_v somewhat_o barren_a and_o divide_v it_o into_o two_o equal_a part_n water_z often_o the_o one_o half_a thereof_o with_o water_n wherein_o the_o oar_n of_o copper_n have_v be_v long_o steep_v therein_o and_o putrify_v till_o it_o be_v greenish_a and_o fattish_a the_o like_a may_v be_v do_v with_o water_n wherein_o english_a coperas_fw-la have_v be_v dissolve_v which_o 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increase_v their_o number_n and_o then_o you_o have_v part_n of_o the_o say_a substance_n convert_v into_o reasonable_a creature_n which_o be_v the_o most_o excellent_a among_o all_o animal_n the_o three_o experiment_n show_v how_o this_o animal_n may_v be_v turn_v into_o vegetable_a again_o take_v a_o parcel_n of_o barren_a ground_n as_o before_z and_o bury_v a_o animal_n in_o it_o then_o take_v two_o tree_n both_o of_o one_o growth_n and_o greatness_n and_o plant_v one_o upon_o the_o grave_n the_o other_o in_o the_o same_o barren_a ground_n and_o you_o shall_v see_v that_o the_o tree_n grow_v upon_o the_o grave_n will_v be_v great_a than_o the_o other_o for_o that_o it_o be_v nourish_v with_o the_o putrify_a animal_n and_o so_o the_o substance_n of_o the_o animal_n be_v turn_v into_o the_o vegetable_a the_o four_o experiment_n show_v how_o this_o vegetable_a may_v be_v turn_v back_o into_o mineral_n this_o wood_n be_v put_v into_o some_o particular_a water_n will_v be_v turn_v into_o 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in_o husbandry_n to_o buy_v good_a land_n but_o for_o he_o that_o be_v skilful_a it_o be_v better_a to_o buy_v barren_a land_n so_o that_o it_o lie_v apt_a for_o improvement_n for_o that_o by_o this_o mean_v he_o may_v gain_v as_o good_a a_o revenue_n for_o a_o thousand_o pound_n charge_n and_o purchase_v as_o another_o shall_v gain_v for_o two_o thousand_o pound_n and_o i_o fear_v not_o that_o this_o discovery_n will_v leave_v no_o mean_n for_o man_n of_o skill_n to_o thrive_v more_o than_o other_o for_o i_o be_o assure_v there_o will_v needs_o to_o be_v but_o little_a barren_a land_n in_o england_n but_o through_o the_o barrenness_n of_o man_n wit_n the_o last_o experiment_n show_v how_o weep_a land_n may_v be_v drain_v where_o there_o be_v no_o level_n make_v a_o ditch_n about_o it_o then_o ram_v
fruitful_a all_o dunging_n be_v the_o deputy_n and_o lodestone_n of_o this_o sal_fw-la natura_fw-la and_o by_o they_o ground_n may_v be_v recover_v amend_v and_o imreproved_a another_o letter_n on_o the_o same_o subject_a i_o have_v read_v the_o book_n of_o husbandry_n through_o be_v very_o much_o delight_v with_o the_o many_o profitable_a ingenious_a and_o promise_a invention_n specify_v therein_o i_o wish_v that_o i_o be_v a_o farmer_n in_o the_o country_n to_o play_v the_o practical_a philosopher_n i_o remember_v in_o cambridge_n be_v a_o youth_n i_o be_v wont_a to_o maintain_v that_o he_o be_v no_o natural_a philosopher_n that_o can_v not_o advance_v his_o tillage_n order_n his_o cattle_n fish_v fowl_a affair_n with_o more_o dexterity_n and_o to_o great_a profit_n than_o another_o man_n that_o pretend_v no_o skill_n in_o physic_n this_o i_o speak_v from_o what_o i_o have_v read_v somewhere_o in_o ramus_n who_o refer_v all_o art_n to_o profitable_a use_n in_o man_n life_n abhor_v 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sound_a physician_n than_o to_o attribute_v the_o original_n of_o that_o disease_n in_o any_o wise_a to_o smutty_a corn_n as_o he_o do_v this_o difference_n have_v be_v prevent_v if_o both_o your_o friend_n have_v not_o write_v without_o book_n the_o place_n in_o helmont_n write_n be_v not_o quote_v by_o the_o former_a man_n nor_o do_v the_o latter_a seem_v to_o have_v look_v for_o it_o you_o shall_v find_v the_o passage_n in_o helmont_n book_n call_v tumulus_n pestis_fw-la in_o the_o four_o chapter_n who_o title_n be_v peregrina_fw-la lues_fw-la nova_fw-la there_o you_o may_v find_v these_o word_n notatur_fw-la autem_fw-la annus_fw-la 1424_o &_o parth_n noplicobsidio_fw-la aetas_fw-la luis_fw-la ejusque_fw-la prima_fw-la nativitas_fw-la here_o the_o printer_n be_v negligent_a as_o appear_v by_o that_o which_o follow_v a_o great_a way_n after_o in_o the_o same_o chapter_n lues_fw-la say_v he_o ista_fw-la primùm_fw-la visa_fw-la legitur_fw-la in_o obsidione_fw-la neapolis_n anno_fw-la 1494._o then_o follow_v a_o long_a discourse_n wherein_o he_o seem_v to_o approve_v the_o opinion_n of_o one_o that_o suspect_v that_o it_o be_v breed_v by_o some_o villain_n that_o at_o the_o siege_n of_o naples_n bugger_v a_o mare_n for_o that_o helmont_n mean_v by_o jumeâ—tum_n imitate_v the_o french_a word_n jument_n infest_a with_o the_o farcin_n or_o as_o our_o farrier_n call_v it_o the_o fashion_n and_o say_v he_o non_fw-la credam_fw-la facilè_fw-la unquam_fw-la antea_fw-la ejusmodi_fw-la peccatum_fw-la in_o talibus_fw-la terminis_fw-la ab_fw-la origine_fw-la mundi_fw-la commissum_fw-la estque_fw-la morbus_fw-la ille_fw-la farcin_n lui_fw-fr venereae_fw-la similis_fw-la &_o equinae_fw-la naturae_fw-la affinis_fw-la ac_fw-la familiaris_fw-la after_o this_o he_o mout_fw-mi proceed_v in_o the_o order_n of_o time_n anno_fw-la 1540_o sub_fw-la paulo_n iii_o circa_fw-la autumnum_fw-la in_o apulia_n proâ—e_v tarentum_n prima_fw-la apparuit_fw-la tarantula_n araneae_fw-la simile_n etc._n etc._n anno_fw-la 1550._o in_fw-la augusto_fw-la galli_n primum_fw-la viderunt_fw-la triticum_fw-la quod_fw-la vocant_fw-la roratum_fw-la sive_fw-la mellitum_fw-la in_fw-la aristae_fw-la adhuc_fw-la viridi_fw-la halecem_fw-la fumatam_fw-la odour_n referens_fw-la in_fw-la matura_fw-la verò_fw-la nihil_fw-la nisi_fw-la faesidum_fw-la pulverem_fw-la atrum_fw-la popularium_fw-la utinam_fw-la non_fw-la morborum_fw-la plurium_fw-la causam_fw-la anno_fw-la 1556._o nostris_fw-la oris_fw-la maritimis_fw-la he_o mean_v flanders_n zealand_n holland_n primum_fw-la apparuit_fw-la scorbutum_fw-la veteribus_fw-la ignotum_fw-la by_o all_o which_o it_o be_v manifest_a that_o helmont_n have_v write_v nothing_o contrary_a to_o your_o latter_a friend_n assertion_n and_o that_o your_o former_a friend_n in_o write_v that_o passage_n trust_v more_o to_o his_o memory_n than_o it_o deserve_v a_o observation_n touch_v plant_v of_o tree_n in_o the_o fen_n i_o receive_v your_o legacy_n of_o husbandry_n 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letter_n from_o dublin_n i_o have_v disperse_v that_o paper_n of_o sir_n ri._n weston_n direction_n you_o do_v i_o the_o favour_n to_o send_v i_o about_o the_o husbandry_n of_o clover_n and_o i_o be_o to_o return_v you_o humble_a thanks_o for_o it_o though_o there_o do_v remain_v a_o very_a matterial_a scruple_n about_o it_o which_o be_v that_o if_o they_o sow_v it_o with_o the_o barley_n or_o oat_n it_o must_v needs_o spring_v up_o and_o be_v ripe_a before_o the_o barley_n and_o consequent_o at_o the_o mow_v of_o the_o barley_n will_v either_o be_v mix_v with_o it_o so_o as_o not_o well_o to_o be_v separate_v or_o must_v be_v tread_v down_o and_o spoil_v by_o it_o this_o i_o be_v not_o able_a to_o answer_v must_v entreat_v you_o to_o take_v a_o little_a pain_n to_o satisfy_v i_o and_o to_o communicate_v what_o you_o have_v experimental_o be_v inform_v concern_v it_o i_o be_o to_o solicit_v you_o also_o in_o the_o name_n of_o some_o young_a husbandman_n and_o other_o improver_n here_o 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also_o that_o the_o clovergrasse_n be_v most_o excellent_a food_n for_o bee_n a_o answer_n to_o more_o queres_fw-la concern_v the_o husbandry_n of_o clovergrasse_n q._n the_o quality_n of_o the_o ground_n clovergrasse_n delight_v in_o a._n any_o light_a sandy_a or_o hazel-mould-land_n be_v best_a to_o bear_v clover_n and_o though_o barren_a land_n will_v bear_v it_o yet_o fresh_a and_o rich_a ground_n do_v by_o experience_n return_v best_a profit_n q._n the_o manner_n of_o prepare_v the_o ground_n a._n there_o can_v be_v too_o much_o cost_v in_o prepare_v the_o ground_n and_o make_v it_o free_a from_o all_o manner_n of_o other_o grass_n q._n the_o season_n and_o manner_n of_o sow_v the_o seed_n a._n clover_n be_v usual_o sow_v with_o barley_n polish_v oat_n sometime_o with_o flax_n or_o with_o any_o seed_n that_o be_v sow_v in_o april_n the_o best_a manner_n of_o sow_v that_o i_o have_v be_v able_a to_o learn_v be_v to_o mix_v it_o by_o quarter_n of_o pound_n or_o less_o quantity_n 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shady_a place_n and_o a_o proportion_n of_o swine_n will_v grow_v very_o fat_a with_o what_o fall_v from_o the_o rack_n in_o this_o manner_n as_o i_o be_o credible_o inform_v 6_o acre_n do_v feed_v all_o this_o summer_n time_n more_o ox_n milch-cow_n horse_n and_o hog_n then_o not_o be_v my_o own_o experience_n i_o be_o willing_a to_o name_v q._n the_o way_n of_o save_v or_o get_v it_o out_o a._n to_o this_o my_o experience_n reach_v not_o but_o in_o this_o i_o be_o full_o satisfy_v that_o our_o own_o seed_n be_v best_a and_o free_a from_o cozenage_n it_o last_v three_o or_o four_o or_o more_o year_n in_o the_o ground_n according_a as_o the_o ground_n be_v good_a and_o at_o first_o well_o people_v with_o it_o this_o be_v all_o that_o my_o experience_n reach_v unto_o concern_v clover_n concern_v the_o thresh_a of_o clover-seed_n the_o clover-seed_n be_v a_o seed_n very_o difficult_a to_o thrash_v they_o must_v be_v good_a thrasher_n that_o can_v thrash_n six_o gallon_n in_o a_o day_n the_o way_n use_v by_o a_o great_a husbandman_n of_o clover_n in_o kent_n be_v first_o to_o thrash_n off_o the_o head_n which_o easy_o part_n which_o be_v separate_v from_o the_o straw_n he_o use_v to_o thrash_n over_o again_o until_o it_o seem_v all_o as_o chass_v or_o dust_n which_o after_o he_o winnow_v with_o a_o fan_n as_o long_o as_o the_o dust_n fly_v out_o among_o the_o dust_n there_o will_v remain_v some_o small_a head_n unbroken_a which_o he_o separate_v or_o thrash_v over_o again_o as_o before_o i_o hope_v it_o will_v be_v no_o offence_n to_o give_v this_o public_a notice_n that_o one_o mr._n stoughton_n a_o gentleman_n that_o live_v in_o norfolk_n have_v for_o many_o year_n since_o use_v the_o husbandry_n of_o clover-grass_n and_o have_v a_o easy_a way_n by_o the_o help_n of_o a_o kind_n of_o mil_n to_o shell_n the_o husk_n from_o the_o seed_n whereby_o his_o seed_n will_v not_o stand_v he_o in_o 2d_o per_fw-la pound_n a_o extract_v of_o a_o letter_n write_v from_o dublin_n may_v 16._o 1654._o concern_v the_o husbandry_n of_o clover_n in_o ireland_n i_o be_v at_o the_o charge_n for_o send_v for_o a_o hundred_o weight_n of_o clovergrasse_n seed_n on_o purpose_n to_o encourage_v the_o chief_a of_o our_o friend_n here_o to_o undertake_v the_o husbandry_n of_o it_o and_o when_o it_o come_v i_o sow_v some_o in_o my_o own_o ground_n some_o i_o send_v to_o col._n j._n some_o to_o col._n h._n some_o to_o capt._n v._n and_o to_o other_o colonel_n and_o officer_n of_o the_o army_n late_o i_o furnish_v some_o of_o it_o to_o two_o gentleman_n in_o the_o country_n that_o be_v excellent_a husbandman_n and_o thus_o i_o disperse_v it_o give_v away_o
some_o parcel_n and_o sell_v some_o other_o and_o sow_v the_o most_o part_n of_o it_o with_o other_o in_o partnership_n but_o though_o i_o use_v that_o care_n i_o do_v it_o to_o procure_v good_a seed_n and_o though_o i_o be_o as_o confident_a of_o mr._n m._n my_o friend_n care_n who_o have_v it_o where_o you_o direct_v he_o and_o stay_v for_o it_o while_o the_o merchant_n tell_v he_o he_o have_v new_o come_v over_o yet_o none_o of_o all_o these_o parcel_n i_o speak_v of_o so_o much_o as_o come_v up_o save_o one_o handful_n of_o it_o which_o sow_v in_o my_o garden_n and_o my_o friend_n here_o have_v sufficient_o abuse_v i_o for_o it_o pray_v sir_n present_v my_o humble_a service_n to_o honest_a sir_n c._n culpepper_n when_o you_o write_v to_o he_o and_o my_o thanks_o for_o his_o so_o free_a communication_n of_o his_o clover-grasses_a husbandry_n a_o answer_n to_o the_o forego_n extract_n concern_v the_o miscarriage_n of_o the_o husbandry_n of_o clover_n in_o ireland_n i_o be_o sorry_a the_o hushandry_n of_o clover_n have_v receive_v such_o a_o blast_n in_o ireland_n in_o its_o first_o essay_n have_v observe_v how_o much_o more_o man_n be_v ordinary_o ready_a to_o judge_v of_o thing_n by_o the_o success_n of_o some_o one_o trial_n ill_o make_v then_o to_o take_v the_o pain_n to_o weigh_v and_o consider_v in_o which_o of_o the_o particular_n which_o belong_v more_o or_o few_o to_o every_o action_n there_o may_v have_v be_v some_o fail_n one_o of_o the_o most_o ordinary_a way_n of_o fail_v which_o i_o have_v observe_v in_o this_o husbandry_n be_v in_o the_o seed_n which_o come_v to_o we_o sometime_o two_o year_n old_a old_a and_o very_o seldom_o other_o then_o what_o be_v mix_v and_o this_o i_o know_v by_o dear_a experience_n of_o my_o own_o heretofore_o and_o of_o a_o very_a near_o friend_n this_o last_o spring_n a_o second_o consideration_n be_v the_o ground_n which_o for_o a_o general_a rule_n ought_v to_o be_v light_n and_o tend_v rather_o to_o the_o sand_n than_o clay_n a_o three_o but_o very_o considerable_a observation_n be_v that_o the_o season_n be_v very_o clear_a and_o free_a of_o all_o other_o grass_n or_o root_n and_o as_o fiâ—e_v work_v as_o if_o it_o be_v for_o a_o garden_n which_o be_v a_o circumstance_n not_o more_o necessary_a than_o it_o be_v little_o observe_v a_o four_o consideration_n though_o not_o so_o general_a if_o the_o drought_n of_o the_o fumer_fw-la which_o have_v as_o i_o hear_v spoil_v much_o clover_n this_o spring_n and_o not_o less_o i_o fear_v then_o 20._o acre_n of_o i_o if_o the_o ground_n have_v not_o help_v i_o by_o its_o be_v proper_a and_o good_a but_o if_o these_o particular_n be_v well_o observe_v i_o can_v from_o my_o own_o and_o other_o experience_n assure_v you_o that_o it_o will_v upon_o a_o easy_a account_n double_a and_o treble_a the_o profit_n or_o rend_v of_o the_o land_n and_o that_o a_o acre_n if_o manage_v by_o the_o owner_n will_v yield_v as_o much_o to_o all_o intent_n as_o 5_o l._n worth_n of_o other_o pasture_n the_o great_a fault_n which_o i_o find_v in_o this_o husbandry_n be_v that_o if_o the_o ground_n be_v still_o cut_v or_o mow_v it_o will_v like_o corn_n impoverish_v the_o ground_n for_o no_o man_n can_v eat_v his_o cake_n and_o yet_o still_o have_v it_o to_o prevent_v this_o great_a inconvenience_n and_o to_o turn_v it_o to_o a_o advantage_n myself_o intend_v to_o try_v how_o it_o will_v thrive_v and_o what_o return_v it_o will_v make_v be_v pasture_v i_o have_v know_v already_o the_o experience_n of_o some_o who_o have_v this_o spring_n before_o there_o be_v any_o pasture_n elsewhere_o keep_v 8_o sheep_n of_o a_o acre_n which_o be_v double_a the_o proportion_n which_o the_o best_a land_n in_o rumney_n marsh_n will_v bear_v if_o this_o upon_o trial_n prove_v well_o i_o can_v but_o think_v that_o this_o way_n of_o pasture_v of_o clover_n will_v be_v a_o kind_n of_o fodder_a of_o the_o land_n and_o â—ather_o improve_v then_o impair_v it_o a_o extract_v of_o another_o letter_n in_o reference_n to_o the_o foregoing_a answer_n pray_v thank_v sir_n c._n c._n hearty_o for_o his_o accurate_a animadversion_n upon_o clovergrasse_n upon_o consideration_n of_o which_o i_o be_o pretty_a well_o satisfy_v we_o fail_v in_o the_o point_n of_o husbandry_n and_o order_v the_o land_n sow_v it_o somewhat_o rude_o as_o be_v do_v with_o other_o grain_n but_o though_o this_o be_v the_o failer_z the_o discredit_n fall_v upon_o the_o climate_n so_o quick_o be_v man_n patience_n tire_v and_o so_o easy_o be_v their_o judgement_n abuse_v as_o sir_n ch._n very_o well_o observe_v be_v ready_a to_o suspect_v and_o accuse_v any_o thing_n rather_o than_o our_o own_o error_n more_o extract_v of_o letter_n concern_v french_a seed_n of_o st._n foin_n and_o lucerne_n paris_n 23._o novemb_n 1652._o the_o name_n of_o st._n foin_n be_v in_o some_o part_n of_o france_n communicate_v to_o lucern_n although_o the_o generality_n thereof_o have_v appropriate_v the_o same_o to_o another_o kind_n of_o fodder_n extreme_o differ_v from_o it_o all_o manner_n of_o way_n viz._n the_o onobrychis_n antiquorum_fw-la wherewith_o medica_fw-la that_o be_v the_o true_a latin_a name_n of_o lucern_n have_v nothing_o common_a when_o i_o find_v a_o opportunity_n i_o shall_v send_v you_o some_o of_o the_o seed_n of_o each_o according_a to_o their_o usual_a denomination_n here_o the_o sight_n whereof_o and_o much_o more_o its_o plant_n will_v soon_o convince_v all_o contradictor_n paris_n decemb._n 21._o 165â—_n i_o have_v delay_v the_o send_n of_o the_o seed_n of_o st-foin_n and_o lucern_n because_o i_o think_v they_o be_v desire_v for_o sow_v to_o see_v what_o herb_n they_o will_v produce_v for_o which_o end_n they_o will_v have_v come_v time_n enough_o two_o or_o three_o month_n hence_o but_o see_v that_o the_o sight_n of_o themselves_o be_v desire_v you_o shall_v have_v they_o out_o of_o hand_n more_o of_o lucern_n paris_n march_v 22._o 1653._o dr_n h._n tell_v i_o that_o a_o merchant_n who_o deal_v much_o in_o orange_n lemon_n and_o other_o provence_n ware_n have_v tell_v he_o that_o within_o a_o few_o day_n he_o expect_v 10_o or_o 12._o mule_n load_v with_o those_o commodity_n among_o which_o there_o will_v be_v good_a store_n of_o lucern_n seed_n and_o that_o of_o 3_o several_a sort_n for_o so_o many_o there_o be_v which_o i_o never_o know_v before_o and_o dr._n h._n show_v i_o pattern_n of_o every_o one_o of_o they_o have_v get_v they_o of_o the_o say_a merchant_n therefore_o i_o wish_v he_o to_o send_v unto_o sir_n c._n not_o 25_o l._n of_o any_o one_o of_o they_o we_o not_o know_v nor_o able_a to_o learn_v here_o which_o be_v the_o best_a sort_n but_o 5_o or_o 6_o lib._n of_o every_o sort_n the_o which_o sir_n c._n have_v sow_v all_o and_o see_v they_o grow_v he_o may_v consider_v which_o he_o like_v best_o and_o have_v of_o that_o as_o much_o as_o he_o please_v the_o next_o year_n the_o answer_n of_o the_o 3_o sort_n of_o lucern_n mention_v in_o dr._n b._n letter_n of_o march_n 22._o 1653._o my_o desire_n be_v to_o have_v of_o each_o sort_n as_o much_o as_o will_v plentiful_o sow_v a_o english_a acre_n and_o rather_o more_o than_o less_o i_o shall_v under_o correction_n of_o better_a experience_n write_v my_o own_o apprehension_n concern_v the_o quantity_n that_o serve_v for_o a_o acre_n viz._n that_o of_o that_o lucern_n seed_n of_o which_o i_o receive_v former_o a_o sample_n 15_o lib._n if_o good_a will_v sow_v a_o acre_n of_o the_o other_o 2._o sort_n of_o seed_n if_o big_a there_o must_v be_v so_o much_o more_o if_o they_o be_v lesser_a seed_n there_o must_v be_v so_o much_o less_o or_o few_o pound_n of_o each_o kind_a this_o still_o suppose_v that_o the_o seed_n be_v naked_a and_o not_o like_o st-foin_n close_v in_o a_o cod_n for_o in_o that_o case_n there_o ought_v another_o consideration_n to_o be_v have_v of_o it_o more_o query_n about_o lucerne_n and_o the_o seed_n call_v esparcet_n i_o be_o well_o acquaint_v with_o the_o saint-foyne_a seed_n which_o you_o receive_v from_o paris_n but_o as_o for_o the_o lucerne_n seed_n i_o do_v upon_o sight_n of_o it_o conceive_v it_o to_o be_v no_o other_o than_o the_o clover_n seed_n that_o be_v common_o procure_v here_o from_o flanders_n be_v meliorate_v in_o france_n only_o by_o grow_v near_o the_o sun_n and_o therefore_o i_o hearty_o wish_v that_o you_o friend_n can_v certify_v you_o of_o his_o certain_a knowledge_n of_o the_o flanders_n clover-seed_n and_o of_o the_o different_a nature_n if_o any_o of_o those_o two_o seed_n but_o howsoever_o it_o prove_v i_o shall_v be_v very_o glad_a if_o by_o your_o friend_n kindness_n i_o may_v by_o the_o first_o of_o april_n or_o before_o receive_v twenty_o
lucerne_n certain_o go_v beyond_o this_o but_o that_o they_o use_v the_o one_o and_o the_o other_o according_a to_o the_o nature_n of_o their_o ground_n beside_o that_o that_o ground_n which_o be_v allot_v to_o the_o lucerne_n shall_v be_v for_o many_o year_n for_o once_o have_v get_v root_n it_o be_v not_o so_o easy_o eradicate_v and_o so_o not_o fit_a for_o any_o other_o use_n but_o that_o the_o field_n of_o la_fw-fr romagna_fw-la may_v be_v change_v according_a to_o pleasure_n beside_o the_o ground_n which_o be_v fit_a or_o la_fw-fr lucerne_n be_v not_o for_o la_fw-fr roman_n &_o è_fw-la contrà _fw-la for_n lucern_n require_v more_o humid_a place_n and_o la_fw-fr romagne_n more_o dry_a this_o be_v the_o substance_n of_o what_o i_o remember_v pass_v betwixt_o that_o gentleman_n and_o i_o which_o how_o true_a it_o be_v i_o dare_v not_o promise_v because_o have_v it_o but_o from_o one_o hand_n and_o that_o a_o stranger_n to_o i_o but_o thus_o much_o i_o remember_v that_o some_o yorkshire_n man_n in_o the_o army_n in_o england_n be_v more_o glad_a to_o find_v a_o field_n of_o fetch_n to_o feed_v their_o horse_n on_o then_o if_o they_o have_v find_v both_o hay_n and_o oat_n and_o that_o they_o have_v often_o to_o my_o see_v leave_v excellent_a grass_n to_o seek_v after_o these_o fetch_n sir_n i_o think_v it_o will_v not_o be_v amiss_o in_o the_o further_a inquiry_n of_o this_o to_o see_v the_o affinity_n between_o the_o vicia_fw-la or_o aphaca_n the_o lens_n and_o the_o ervum_fw-la for_o all_o of_o they_o according_a to_o dioscor_v have_v that_o fatten_a quality_n and_o true_o i_o can_v well_o tell_v which_o of_o these_o certain_o be_v la_fw-fr romayn_n though_o i_o incline_v to_o think_v that_o it_o be_v the_o vicia_fw-la or_o aphaca_n for_o be_v in_o a_o coach_n i_o be_v too_o negligent_a to_o go_v out_o and_o remark_n it_o more_o narrow_o but_o may_v be_v easy_o know_v of_o any_o who_o you_o may_v inquire_v of_o thus_o i_o pray_v god_n to_o bless_v you_o in_o all_o your_o noble_a endeavour_n and_o so_o i_o shall_v continue_v to_o pray_v sir_n your_o most_o devote_a to_o serve_v you_o a_o observation_n upon_o the_o husbandry_n of_o the_o french_a tare_n or_o fetch_n the_o far_a herb_n about_o which_o you_o have_v communicate_v unto_o i_o dr._n s._n notable_a observation_n be_v certain_o the_o vicia_fw-la or_o fetch_n the_o which_o i_o have_v see_v cultivate_v in_o divers_a part_n of_o france_n and_o of_o holland_n but_o it_o be_v never_o my_o luck_n yet_o to_o learn_v any_o particular_n about_o the_o property_n and_o use_v thereof_o if_o i_o do_v at_o any_o time_n hereafter_o you_o shall_v be_v sure_a to_o hear_v of_o it_o have_v write_v thus_o far_o i_o be_o tell_v by_o divers_a that_o the_o vicia_fw-la or_o fetch_n be_v sow_v for_o to_o give_v the_o dry_a grain_n of_o it_o to_o horse_n in_o the_o same_o manner_n as_o bean_n but_o that_o they_o never_o know_v the_o green_a herb_n to_o be_v use_v for_o they_o or_o any_o other_o cattle_n in_o the_o nature_n of_o fodder_n another_o letter_n relate_v the_o braband_n husbandry_n of_o spurry-seed_n sir_n the_o spurry-seed_n which_o you_o have_v get_v out_o of_o the_o low-countries_n grow_v no_o doubt_n in_o light_a ground_n and_o according_o if_o it_o be_v i_o it_o shall_v again_o be_v sow_v in_o the_o light_a ground_n i_o have_v though_o for_o trial_n sake_n i_o may_v perhaps_o bestow_v a_o handful_n or_o two_o upon_o every_o sort_n of_o ground_n near_o i_o the_o time_n of_o sow_v it_o be_v twice_o in_o a_o summer_n the_o first_o time_n be_v not_o very_o early_o i_o shall_v not_o adventure_v to_o sow_v dutch_a seed_n in_o england_n before_o the_o middle_n of_o may_n least_o be_v a_o stranger_n it_o shall_v take_v it_o unkind_o to_o meet_v with_o cold_a may_n morning_n and_o discourage_v i_o in_o june_n and_o july_n it_o will_v be_v in_o flower_n and_o in_o august_n the_o seed_n be_v usual_o ripe_a the_o second_o time_n of_o sow_v be_v after_o rie-harvest_n when_o the_o 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quantity_n they_o please_v may_v have_v they_o at_o thomas_n brown_n be_v shop_n at_o the_o red_a lion_n in_o soper-lane_n where_o they_o may_v likewise_o see_v some_o of_o the_o hay_n make_v of_o this_o three_o leave_a grass_n of_o the_o long_a english_a grass_n in_o wiltshire_n the_o long_a grass_n in_o wiltshire_n mention_v in_o the_o legacy_n be_v occasion_v by_o reason_n of_o a_o spacious_a sheep-common_a adjoin_v for_o that_o every_o hasty_a shower_n wash_v off_o the_o soil_n of_o the_o common_a and_o bring_v it_o into_o a_o little_a meadow_n beneath_o which_o make_v it_o incredible_o fruitful_a some_o physical_a use_n of_o milk_n and_o of_o cure_v the_o black_a jaundice_n etc._n etc._n i_o think_v to_o have_v impart_v unto_o you_o the_o secret_a how_o to_o preserve_v milk_n from_o sour_v but_o i_o must_v refer_v it_o to_o a_o person_n of_o singular_a honour_n piety_n and_o experimental_a learning_n who_o have_v make_v some_o trial_n of_o it_o but_o have_v not_o yet_o full_o 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land_n be_v not_o worth_a above_o fifteen_o year_n purchase_n but_o if_o the_o use_n of_o money_n go_v at_o no_o more_o than_o at_o other_o place_n than_o five_o pound_n bestow_v upon_o a_o acre_n of_o ground_n will_v stand_v a_o man_n in_o but_o five_o or_o six_o shilling_n a_o year_n and_o the_o acre_n of_o land_n so_o amend_v will_v be_v worth_a as_o have_v be_v show_v six_o and_o twenty_o or_o thirty_o year_n purchase_n whereby_o it_o appear_v that_o as_o the_o rate_n of_o use_v now_o go_v no_o man_n but_o where_o the_o land_n lie_v extraordinary_o happy_a for_o it_o can_v amend_v his_o land_n but_o to_o his_o own_o loss_n whereas_o if_o money_n be_v let_v as_o it_o be_v in_o other_o country_n he_o may_v bestow_v more_o than_o double_a as_o much_o as_o now_o he_o may_v and_o yet_o be_v a_o great_a gainer_n thereby_o and_o consequent_o as_o be_v before_o remember_v shall_v to_o his_o own_o benefit_n purchase_v land_n to_o the_o commonwealth_n neither_o will_v such_o purchase_n of_o 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interest_n will_v enable_v the_o english_a merchant_n to_o deal_v for_o much_o and_o thereby_o to_o buy_v cheap_a work_v cheap_a and_o sell_v for_o less_o profit_n in_o the_o pound_n and_o also_o to_o procure_v their_o commodity_n at_o the_o best_a hand_n viz._n at_o the_o place_n of_o their_o growth_n in_o their_o proper_a season_n whereby_o out-trading_a and_o undersel_v other_o nation_n they_o obtain_v the_o pre-emption_a of_o sale_n and_o so_o can_v fail_v of_o vent_n abroad_o also_o great_a stock_n at_o low_a interest_n will_v enable_v merchant_n to_o raise_v the_o price_n of_o our_o own_o native_a commodity_n in_o foreign_a part_n by_o keep_v they_o for_o a_o good_a market_n which_o help_v much_o towards_o the_o enrich_n of_o a_o nation_n again_o if_o there_o be_v great_a quantity_n of_o money_n disperse_v among_o the_o people_n of_o this_o land_n there_o will_v not_o wantvent_v of_o commodity_n among_o themselves_o for_o in_o this_o case_n every_o man_n to_o improve_v his_o stock_n will_v be_v lay_v out_o that_o money_n in_o commodity_n &_o those_o that_o receive_v it_o will_v be_v lay_v it_o out_o again_o upon_o other_o and_o those_o upon_o other_o and_o so_o on_o which_o will_v beget_v a_o constant_a return_n or_o quick_a vent_n for_o commodity_n proportionable_a to_o the_o quantity_n of_o money_n so_o perpetual_o revolve_v among_o they_o now_o if_o through_o plenty_n of_o money_n among_o the_o people_n there_o be_v as_o much_o vent_n for_o commodity_n as_o the_o earth_n can_v by_o industry_n be_v make_v to_o afford_v man_n will_v not_o spare_v either_o the_o sea_n or_o the_o land_n but_o the_o one_o by_o the_o fish_n trade_n the_o other_o by_o husbandry_n and_o all_o ingenious_a way_n of_o improvement_n here_o in_o england_n by_o plant_v in_o ireland_n and_o other_o new_a plantation_n throughout_o the_o whole_a globe_n will_v bestow_v
all_o their_o skill_n and_o diligence_n to_o multiply_v commodity_n and_o livelihood_n to_o the_o employment_n of_o innumerable_a poor_a and_o all_o other_o man_n whatsoever_o and_o the_o abundant_a increase_n of_o our_o ship_n and_o dominion_n on_o the_o sea_n and_o thereby_o the_o strength_n renown_n and_o flourish_a estate_n of_o the_o nation_n and_o not_o only_o so_o but_o if_o there_o be_v such_o vent_n here_o in_o england_n even_o foreign_a nation_n will_v dispatch_v their_o commodity_n hither_o as_o to_o the_o quick_a market_n and_o by_o meet_v here_o as_o in_o a_o centre_n may_v furnish_v each_o other_o with_o return_n so_o as_o england_n will_v become_v as_o it_o be_v a_o general_a market_n or_o fair_a to_o other_o nation_n to_o the_o great_a enrich_n thereof_o whereby_o the_o frontier_n town_n upon_o the_o sea-coast_n by_o reason_n of_o trade_n will_v grow_v populous_a and_o strong_a for_o the_o defence_n of_o the_o nation_n also_o quickness_n of_o return_n here_o in_o england_n will_v expedite_v return_n abroad_o for_o quick_a return_n make_v a_o small_a stock_n equivalent_a to_o a_o great_a stock_n with_o slow_a return_n and_o therefore_o if_o the_o merchant_n of_o england_n can_v vent_v all_o sort_n of_o commodity_n here_o as_o fast_o as_o they_o can_v possible_o procure_v they_o it_o will_v enable_v they_o to_o deal_v for_o much_o and_o consequent_o to_o buy_v much_o cheap_a work_v cheap_a and_o sell_v for_o less_o profit_n in_o the_o pound_n as_o before_o so_o as_o in_o this_o case_n there_o will_v not_o want_v vent_n for_o commodity_n either_o at_o home_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o plenty_n of_o money_n here_o or_o abroad_o by_o reason_n of_o our_o own_o out-trading_a other_o nation_n through_o the_o greatness_n of_o our_o stock_n and_o quickness_n of_o return_n also_o if_o man_n through_o plenty_n of_o coin_n revolve_v among_o they_o can_v meet_v with_o ready_a money_n for_o all_o commodity_n as_o fast_o as_o they_o can_v be_v make_v fit_a for_o 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start_v many_o scruple_n through_o misapprehension_n which_o have_v no_o ground_n but_o their_o own_o mistake_n whereby_o many_o good_a proposal_n suffer_v great_a prejudice_n which_o upon_o solemn_a debate_n will_v easy_o detect_v and_o prevent_v by_o this_o mean_v these_o proposition_n have_v be_v already_o clog_v by_o divers_a that_o have_v hear_v thereof_o at_o the_o second_o and_o three_o hand_n with_o several_a false_a imputation_n and_o groundless_a jealousy_n all_o which_o if_o those_o that_o be_v concern_v will_v please_v to_o make_v it_o their_o business_n to_o be_v satisfy_v will_n i_o hope_v be_v full_o be_v clear_v thus_o far_o of_o the_o bank_n of_o land_n at_o the_o present_a the_o conclusion_n of_o the_o legacy_n of_o husbandry_n take_v out_o of_o sir_n r._n weston_n late_a of_o sutton_n in_o the_o county_n of_o surrey_n his_o legacy_n to_o his_o son_n with_o a_o little_a alteration_n of_o his_o word_n by_o the_o mean_n of_o good_a husbandry_n you_o may_v noble_o 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to_o who_o you_o will_v commit_v the_o execution_n of_o such_o thing_n as_o you_o yourselves_o can_v do_v without_o too_o much_o labour_n whereof_o you_o must_v often_o take_v a_o account_n and_o confer_v with_o he_o as_o occasion_n shall_v require_v about_o your_o business_n that_o nothing_o may_v be_v leave_v undo_v for_o want_n of_o providence_n to_o such_o a_o man_n you_o must_v give_v good_a wage_n with_o intent_n to_o advance_v your_o own_o gain_n and_o take_v the_o more_o ease_n by_o reason_n of_o his_o honesty_n and_o knowledge_n you_o will_v find_v the_o improvement_n by_o husbandry_n after_o you_o have_v once_o have_v experience_n of_o it_o to_o be_v very_o please_v to_o you_o and_o so_o exceed_o profitable_a that_o it_o will_v make_v you_o dilidiligent_a for_o no_o man_n of_o any_o art_n or_o science_n except_o a_o alchemist_n ever_o pretend_v so_o much_o gain_v any_o other_o way_n as_o you_o shall_v see_v discover_v and_o demonstrate_v in_o this_o treatise_n the_o usurer_n double_v but_o his_o principal_n with_o interest_n upon_o interest_n in_o seven_o year_n but_o by_o this_o legacy_n of_o husbandry_n you_o shall_v learn_v now_o to_o do_v more_o than_o treble_a your_o principal_n in_o one_o year_n compass_n i_o will_v say_v no_o more_o of_o this_o subject_n only_o it_o remain_v to_o tell_v you_o that_o you_o must_v not_o expect_v either_o eloquence_n or_o method_n in_o these_o miscellany_n but_o true_a relation_n and_o direction_n plain_o set_v forth_o which_o must_v be_v careful_o follow_v and_o observe_v but_o before_o all_o thing_n to_o be_v sure_a you_o lay_v the_o foundation_n of_o your_o husbandry_n upon_o the_o blessing_n of_o almighty_a god_n continual_o implore_v his_o divine_a aid_n and_o assistance_n in_o all_o your_o labour_n for_o it_o be_v god_n that_o give_v the_o increase_n and_o believe_v this_o as_o the_o quintessence_n and_o soul_n of_o husbandry_n but_o seek_v you_o first_o the_o kingdom_n of_o god_n and_o his_o righteousness_n and_o all_o these_o thing_n shall_v be_v add_v unto_o you_o a_o animadvertisement_n to_o the_o city_n and_o country_n these_o be_v to_o give_v public_a notice_n to_o city_n and_o country_n that_o there_o be_v late_o invent_v a_o new_a and_o very_o useful_a engine_n both_o for_o quence_v of_o fire_n and_o improve_n of_o husbandry_n it_o may_v be_v manage_v with_o one_o man_n to_o quench_v fire_n and_o may_v be_v use_v 24_o hour_n without_o danger_n of_o choke_v take_v up_z not_o above_o five_o or_o six_o foot_n the_o whole_a engine_n forcer_n and_o all_o whereas_o the_o ordinary_a engine_n can_v be_v play_v in_o less_o than_o twenty_o foot_n it_o be_v of_o so_o small_a a_o bulk_n that_o it_o may_v be_v carry_v through_o any_o narrow_a entry_n with_o two_o man_n and_o be_v to_o be_v apply_v to_o any_o fire_n that_o be_v break_v out_o backward_o whereas_o in_o the_o ordinary_a engine_n they_o be_v fain_o to_o pull_v down_o the_o forepart_n of_o the_o house_n before_o they_o can_v come_v at_o the_o fire_n by_o which_o mean_v the_o fire_n increase_v much_o which_o be_v prevent_v by_o this_o invention_n it_o be_v also_o very_o commodious_a for_o water_v of_o whole_a field_n or_o garden_n as_o likewise_o beat_v of_o caterpillar_n off_o tree_n beside_o several_a other_o profitable_a uses_n if_o any_o shall_v desire_v to_o have_v further_a information_n or_o direction_n concern_v the_o foresay_a engine_n he_o may_v please_v to_o resort_v to_o the_o inventor_n himself_o mr._n thomas_n owefield_n dwell_v in_o the_o strand_n near_o the_o savoy_n next_o door_n to_o the_o sign_n of_o the_o sun_n who_o stand_v engage_v to_o the_o author_n of_o the_o legacy_n of_o husbandry_n to_o make_v good_a all_o his_o undertake_n finis_fw-la 1._o deficieiency_n concern_v plough_n and_o carriage_n col._n blunt._n 2_o deficiency_n about_o dige_v of_o land_n set_v and_o how_v in_o of_o corn_n 3._o deficiency_n concern_v garden_v gravesend_n 4._o deficiency_n in_o smut_n and_o mildew_n helmont_n sir_n cheney_n culp_n 5._o deficiency_n concern_v the_o plant_n of_o apple_n pear_n cherry_n &_o plum_n the_o 6_o deficiency_n concern_v not_o improve_n our_o fruit_n helmont_n the_o 7_o deficiency_n concern_v vine_n sir_n peter_n ricard_n captain_n tucker_n glauber_n the_o eight_o deficiency_n concern_v hemp_n and_o flax._n 9_o deficiency_n concern_v dung_v and_o manure_v land_n mr._n cambden_n natural_a history_n 10._o deficiency_n concern_v the_o non-improvement_n of_o our_o meadow_n 11._o deficiency_n concern_v waste_a land_n pre-eminence_n of_o english_a law_n 12._o deficiency_n in_o wood_n 13._o deficiency_n of_o bee_n 14._o deficiency_n concern_v silkworm_n master_n marshal_n 15._o deficiency_n concern_v the_o husbandry_n of_o other_o place_n 16._o deficiency_n of_o the_o ignorance_n of_o thing_n take_v from_o the_o earth_n and_o water_n of_o this_o island_n 17._o deficiency_n of_o the_o vegetable_n of_o this_o island_n and_o their_o virtue_n &_o use_v 18._o deficiency_n concern_v animal_n 19_o deficiency_n concern_v divers_a thing_n necessary_a for_o the_o good_a of_o cattle_n 20._o deficiency_n of_o the_o want_n of_o divers_a thing_n which_o be_v necessary_a for_o the_o accomplishment_n of_o agriculture_n 21._o deficiency_n that_o because_o of_o our_o sin_n we_o have_v not_o the_o blessing_n of_o god_n upon_o our_o labour_n de_fw-fr la._n nature_n de_fw-fr plant_n 593._o page_n 71._o cancrone_n 35·7_n sir_n ja._n craig_n de_fw-fr la_fw-fr brosse_n cusan_a hill_n brum_n farewell_o to_o husb._n husb._n the_o season_n when_o to_o begin_v this_o work_n be_v present_o after_o midsummer_n if_o 100_o man_n be_v not_o find_v that_o will_v undertake_v or_o engage_v few_o will_v serve_v so_o they_o either_o engage_v 20_o l._n or_o 30_o l._n for_o 2_o or_o 3_o child_n or_o at_o least_o for_o the_o first_o or_o second_o year_n allow_v the_o steward_n more_o than_o be_v here_o account_v
high-way-side_n which_o be_v not_o to_o be_v eat_v raw_a in_o biseay_n in_o spain_n where_o wine_n be_v scarce_o they_o make_v cider_n of_o a_o certain_a sweet_a apple_n which_o have_v a_o little_a bitterness_n in_o it_o and_o be_v like_a to_o our_o snout_n and_o the_o cider_n be_v very_o good_a and_o true_o here_o in_o england_n if_o we_o will_v make_v cider_n and_o perry_n of_o the_o best_a sort_n of_o fruit_n which_o be_v rare_o do_v for_o we_o think_v any_o fruit_n good_a enough_o for_o that_o purpose_n we_o may_v make_v drink_n no_o way_n inferior_a to_o the_o french-wine_n which_o be_v usual_o spoil_v before_o they_o come_v over_o the_o sea_n to_o we_o their_o spirit_n soon_o evapourate_v there_o be_v two_o way_n of_o make_v cider_n and_o perry_n one_o by_o bruise_v and_o beat_v they_o and_o then_o present_o to_o put_v they_o into_o a_o vessel_n to_o ferment_n or_o work_n as_o it_o be_v usual_o call_v of_o themselves_o the_o other_o way_n be_v to_o boil_v the_o juice_n with_o 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a_o usual_a custom_n to_o pierce_v the_o bark_n of_o the_o birch-tree_n helmont_n which_o at_o that_o time_n will_v weep_v much_o liquor_n and_o yet_o like_o child_n be_v little_a the_o worse_a this_o the_o poor_a ordinary_o drink_v for_o necessity_n it_o be_v a_o pleasant_a healthful_a drink_n and_o also_o the_o rich_a man_n because_o it_o be_v a_o excellent_a presevative_n against_o the_o stone_n the_o mean_n to_o advance_v this_o profitable_a and_o pleasant_a work_n be_v these_o 1._o to_o advance_v nursery_n of_o all_o sort_n of_o apple_n pear_n plum_n cherry_n which_o gentleman_n may_v do_v for_o a_o small_a matter_n and_o then_o plant_v out_o these_o tree_n when_o they_o be_v grow_v great_a enough_o the_o best_a and_o cheap_a way_n to_o raise_v all_o nursery_n ware_n be_v do_v thus_o plum_n may_v be_v raise_v either_o of_o stone_n which_o when_o you_o have_v eat_v the_o plum_n may_v be_v present_o prick_v into_o the_o ground_n or_o by_o slip_n which_o you_o will_v find_v about_o 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in_o this_o kind_n as_o that_o make_v of_o vinous-drinks_a out_o of_o apple_n plum_n etc._n etc._n i_o counsel_v all_o ingenious_a gentleman_n to_o try_v divers_a experiment_n in_o these_o kind_n with_o these_o caution_n 1._o that_o he_o attempt_v not_o great_a quantity_n at_o first_o which_o perchance_o will_v be_v chargeable_a and_o troublesome_a for_o by_o a_o gallon_n he_o may_v have_v as_o much_o certainty_n as_o by_o a_o hogshead_n 2._o not_o to_o be_v discourage_v if_o they_o succeed_v not_o well_o at_o first_o dash_n for_o certain_o there_o be_v many_o ingenuity_n in_o these_o fruit_n which_o time_n will_v discover_v 3._o proceed_v by_o fermentation_n for_o every_o liquor_n which_o will_v ferment_n have_v a_o vinous_a spirit_n in_o it_o and_o without_o fermentation_n even_o the_o best_a fruit_n will_v have_v none_o last_o fermentation_n be_v do_v either_o in_o liquido_fw-la or_o humido_fw-la and_o herein_o consist_v some_o mystery_n i_o have_v forget_v to_o speak_v of_o apricok_n peach_n melicoton_n which_o be_v fine_a pleasant_a fruit_n yet_o very_o dangerous_a and_o therefore_o call_v by_o the_o italian_n mazz-francese_a that_o be_v kill-frenchman_n and_o wish_v lady_n and_o other_o to_o take_v heed_n of_o surfeit_v by_o these_o i_o can_v without_o much_o tediousness_n relate_v the_o divers_a sort_n of_o vine_n vine_n which_o be_v even_o infinite_a rome_n bave_v in_o it_o usual_o 40_o or_o 50_o sort_n of_o vine_n and_o all_o very_a good_a other_o place_n of_o italy_n spain_n france_n have_v also_o great_a variety_n i_o therefore_o pass_v they_o by_o as_o also_o the_o manner_n of_o manage_v they_o because_o it_o be_v describe_v in_o the_o countrey-farm_n and_o also_o by_o bonovil_n a_o frenchman_n who_o at_o the_o command_n of_o king_n james_n write_v a_o short_a treatise_n of_o vine_n and_o silkworm_n for_o the_o instruction_n of_o the_o plantation_n of_o virginia_n i_o shall_v only_o according_a to_o my_o method_n show_v you_o the_o deficiency_n 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probable_a they_o have_v be_v such_o i_o hear_v further_o by_o divers_a people_n of_o credit_n that_o by_o record_n it_o appear_v that_o the_o tithe_n of_o wine_n in_o glocestershire_n be_v in_o divers_a parish_n considerable_o great_a and_o remain_v about_o 300_o year_n in_o their_o possession_n &_o mr._n cambden_n write_v so_o much_o as_o also_o william_n of_o malmesbury_n who_o live_v 600_o year_n since_o but_o at_o length_n gascony_n come_v into_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o english_a from_o whence_o come_v the_o most_o of_o the_o strong_a french_a wine_n call_v highc-country-wine_n and_o custom_n be_v small_a wine_n be_v import_v into_o england_n from_o thence_o better_a and_o cheap_a than_o we_o can_v make_v it_o and_o it_o be_v think_v convenient_a to_o discourage_v vineyard_n here_o that_o the_o great_a trade_n may_v be_v drive_v with_o gascon_a and_o many_o ship_n may_v find_v employment_n thereby_o some_o astrologer_n have_v conceit_v that_o the_o earth_n be_v grow_v old_a and_o therefore_o cold_a have_v cause_v the_o sun_n to_o descend_v many_o thousand_o mile_n low_a to_o warm_v and_o cherish_v it_o and_o one_o argument_n which_o they_o bring_v for_o this_o opinion_n be_v that_o vine_n and_o silkworm_n be_v find_v in_o those_o country_n wherein_o former_a time_n they_o be_v unknown_a but_o if_o these_o fond_a man_n have_v consider_v the_o good_a husbandry_n in_o these_o time_n with_o the_o blessing_n of_o god_n on_o it_o they_o have_v not_o run_v into_o such_o foolish_a imagination_n this_o be_v true_a indeed_o that_o the_o roman_a soldier_n who_o have_v alsatia_n give_v they_o to_o live_v in_o which_o be_v one_o of_o the_o best_a and_o most_o southern_a place_n of_o germany_n mutine_v because_o they_o think_v it_o so_o cold_a that_o vine_n will_v not_o grow_v there_o &_o that_o therefore_o they_o shall_v be_v deprive_v of_o that_o delectable_a liquor_n whereas_o we_o find_v at_o this_o present_a day_n vine_n flourish_v many_o hundred_o mile_n more_o towards_o the_o north_n both_o in_o france_n lorain_n etc._n etc._n and_o germany_n and_o that_o they_o be_v creep_v down_o even_o to_o the_o latitude_n of_o england_n for_o the_o rhenish-wine_n grow_v within_o a_o degree_n of_o the_o west-southern_a place_n of_o this_o isle_n and_o paris_n be_v not_o two_o degree_n south_n of_o we_o yet_o vine_n grow_v threescore_o mile_n on_o this_o side_n paris_n as_o by_o beaumond_n beauvat_v etc._n etc._n by_o the_o way_n of_o picardy_n near_o 20_o league_n as_o also_o by_o the_o way_n of_o pontoyse_n through_o normandy_n at_o art_n 35_o league_n from_o paris_n and_o 5_o from_o diep_n yea_o the_o vine_n of_o these_o place_n be_v the_o most_o delicate_a for_o what_o wine_n be_v prefer_v before_o the_o neat_a rhenish_n for_o lady_n and_o at_o table_n and_o true_o in_o my_o opinion_n though_o i_o have_v travel_v twice_o through_o france_n yet_o no_o wine_n please_v i_o like_o vin_fw-fr d'ache_n and_o of_o paris_n especial_o about_o rueill_n which_o be_v a_o very_a fine_a brisk_a wine_n and_o not_o fume_v up_o to_o the_o head_n and_o inebriate_v as_o other_o wine_n i_o say_v therefore_o that_o it_o be_v very_o probable_a that_o if_o vine_n have_v step_v out_o of_o italy_n into_o alsatia_n from_o they_o to_o these_o place_n which_o be_v even_o as_o far_o north_n as_o england_n and_o yet_o the_o wine_n there_o be_v the_o most_o delicate_a that_o they_o be_v not_o limit_v and_o bind_v there_o for_o a_o hundred_o mile_n more_o or_o less_o cause_v little_a alteration_n in_o heat_n or_o cold_a and_o some_o advantage_n which_o we_o have_v will_v supply_v that_o defect_n but_o not_o to_o insist_v too_o long_o on_o probability_n i_o say_v that_o here_o in_o england_n some_o ingenious_a gentleman_n usual_o make_v wine_n very_o good_a long_o last_v without_o extraordinary_a labour_n and_o cost_n to_o instance_n in_o one_o who_o in_o great_a chart_n in_o the_o wild_a of_o kent_n a_o place_n very_o moist_a and_o cold_a ricard_n yearly_o make_v 6_o or_o 8_o hogshead_n which_o be_v very_o much_o commend_v by_o divers_a who_o have_v taste_v it_o and_o he_o have_v keep_v some_o of_o it_o two_o year_n as_o he_o himself_o tell_v i_o tucker_n and_o have_v be_v very_o good_a other_o likewise_o in_o kent_n do_v the_o same_o and_o late_o in_o surrey_n a_o gentlewoman_n tell_v i_o that_o they_o have_v many_o grape_n which_o they_o can_v not_o well_o tell_v how_o to_o dispose_v of_o she_o to_o play_v the_o good_a housewife_n stamp_v they_o to_o make_v verjuice_n but_o two_o month_n after_o draw_v it_o forth_o they_o find_v it_o very_o fine_a brisk-wine_n clear_a like_o rockwater_n and_o in_o many_o other_o place_n such_o experiment_n have_v be_v make_v i_o therefore_o desire_v ingenious_a man_n to_o endeavour_v the_o raise_n of_o so_o necessary_a and_o pleasant_a a_o commodity_n especial_o when_o french-wine_n be_v so_o dear_a here_o and_o i_o suppose_v be_v likely_a to_o be_v dear_a i_o question_v not_o but_o they_o shall_v find_v good_a profit_n and_o pleasure_n in_o so_o do_v and_o that_o the_o state_n will_v give_v all_o encouragement_n to_o they_o and_o if_o the_o french_a wine_n pay_v excize_a and_o custom_n and_o the_o wine_n here_o be_v toll-free_a they_o will_v be_v able_a to_o afford_v they_o far_o cheap_a than_o the_o french_a can_v they_o and_o supply_v the_o whole_a isle_n if_o they_o proceed_v according_a to_o these_o rule_n 1._o to_o choose_v the_o best_a sort_n of_o grape_n which_o be_v most_o proper_a for_o this_o isle_n and_o though_o there_o be_v many_o sort_n of_o grape_n among_o gardiner_n yet_o i_o commend_v four_o sort_n especial_o to_o they_o and_o i_o desire_v that_o they_o be_v very_o careful_a in_o this_o particular_a for_o it_o be_v the_o foundation_n of_o the_o work_n if_o you_o fail_v in_o this_o you_o fail_v in_o all_o for_o i_o know_v that_o burdeaux-vine_n which_o bear_v very_o great_a grape_n make_v verjuice_n only_o at_o paris_n and_o that_o the_o tender_a orleans-vine_n do_v not_o thrive_v there_o the_o first_o sort_n be_v the_o parse_o vine_n or_o canada-grape_n because_o it_o first_o come_v from_o those_o part_n where_o it_o grow_v natural_o and_o though_o the_o country_n be_v intolerable_o cold_a yet_o even_o in_o the_o wood_n without_o manure_v it_o so_o far_o ripen_v his_o fruit_n that_o the_o jesuit_n make_v wine_n of_o it_o for_o their_o mass_n and_o racineè_fw-la which_o be_v the_o juice_n of_o the_o grape_n new_o express_v and_o boil_v to_o a_o syrup_n and_o be_v very_o sweet_a and_o pleasant_a for_o their_o lent-provision_n as_o you_o may_v read_v in_o their_o relation_n and_o this_o vine_n seem_v to_o be_v make_v for_o these_o northern_a country_n because_o it_o have_v its_o leaf_n very_o small_a and_o jagged_a as_o if_o it_o be_v on_o purpose_n to_o let_v in_o the_o sun_n and_o it_o ripen_v soon_o than_o other_o grape_n as_o i_o have_v observe_v in_o oxford-graden_a 2._o sort_v of_o vine_n be_v the_o rhenish-grape_n for_o it_o grow_v in_o a_o 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