of_o the_o thing_n you_o measure_v add_v from_o the_o ground_n to_o your_o eye_n the_o contrary_a shadow_n show_v to_o measure_v all_o altitude_n without_o the_o length_n thereof_o first_o multiply_v the_o length_n of_o the_o shadow_n by_o the_o point_n or_o division_n of_o the_o scale_n where_o on_o the_o plumb-line_n fall_v then_o divide_v the_o product_n by_o 12_o the_o quotient_a thereof_o be_v the_o true_a height_n of_o the_o altitude_n in_o measure_v any_o altitude_n without_o shadow_n you_o must_v go_v as_o near_o to_o the_o same_o that_o you_o perceive_v you_o be_v within_o the_o length_n thereof_o then_o lift_v up_o your_o quadrant_n orderly_o go_v to_o eye_n or_o from_o the_o same_o until_o you_o espy_v the_o top_n of_o the_o altitude_n through_o the_o visual_a hole_n than_o the_o thread_n fall_v upon_o the_o part_n 12_o stand_v upright_o with_o your_o body_n at_o the_o midst_n of_o your_o foot_n make_v a_o mark_n then_o go_v direct_o backward_o from_o the_o same_o until_o 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suppose_v your_o plumb-line_n fall_v upon_o the_o part_n 2_o of_o contrary_a shadow_n thereof_o and_o at_o the_o second_o station_n it_o fall_v on_o the_o part_n one_o than_o the_o space_n between_o the_o two_o stand_n will_v be_v six_o time_n the_o length_n or_o height_n of_o that_o altitude_n or_o the_o six_o part_n of_o the_o measure_n be_v the_o height_n of_o it_o and_o your_o further_a station_n will_v be_v twelve_o time_n the_o height_n thereof_o in_o the_o next_o place_n we_o must_v observe_v some_o rule_n for_o the_o take_n of_o distance_n from_o the_o platform_n or_o batteries_n your_o ordnance_n be_v plant_v on_o to_o any_o mark_v you_o be_v to_o shoot_v at_o quadrant_n and_o to_o perform_v this_o you_o must_v lay_v your_o quadrant_n flat_a upon_o some_o steady_a thing_n as_o a_o stool_n or_o staff_n firm_o and_o perpendicular_o set_v up_o then_o place_v your_o quadrant_n upon_o the_o same_o and_o turn_v the_o edge_n of_o the_o rule_n to_o the_o mark_v you_o desire_v to_o measure_v the_o distance_n of_o then_o espy_v the_o mark_n through_o the_o visual_a sight_n at_o that_o place_n or_o station_n set_v up_o a_o staff_n then_o turn_v your_o body_n round_o not_o alter_v neither_o rule_n nor_o quadrant_n by_o the_o line_n of_o level_n then_o through_o the_o visual_a sight_n make_v choice_n of_o some_o other_o mark_v athwart_o the_o â—rst_a and_o set_v up_o the_o second_o staff_n the_o distance_n whereof_o suppose_v to_o be_v 60_o foot_n then_o come_v to_o the_o first_o station_n where_o the_o quadrant_n be_v place_v view_v through_o the_o visual_a sight_n upon_o the_o rule_n some_o other_o mark_n in_o a_o straight_a line_n back_o from_o the_o first_o station_n the_o distance_n whereof_o suppose_v to_o be_v 100_o foot_n and_o there_o place_v a_o three_o staff_n so_o as_o the_o first_o and_o the_o three_o staff_n will_v be_v in_o a_o straight_a line_n with_o the_o mark_n then_o remove_v the_o quadrant_n to_o the_o three_o station_n turn_v the_o right_a angle_n or_o line_n of_o level_n overthwart_a towards_o the_o second_o station_n so_o as_o the_o visual_a line_n may_v be_v paralel_v to_o the_o line_n that_o cross_v from_o the_o first_o station_n to_o the_o second_o there_o you_o must_v place_v a_o four_o staff_n so_o as_o the_o visual_a line_n pass_v from_o the_o same_o and_o run_v by_o the_o second_o staff_n may_v cross_v the_o mark_n or_o end_n in_o a_o point_n there_o with_o the_o first_o visual_a line_n the_o distance_n between_o these_o two_o last_o station_n suppose_v to_o be_v 65_o foot_n the_o staff_n be_v thus_o orderly_o place_v you_o must_v abate_v 60_o foot_n the_o distance_n between_o the_o first_o and_o second_o staff_n or_o station_n from_o 65_o the_o distance_n between_o the_o three_o and_o four_o staff_n or_o station_n the_o remainder_n be_v 5_o for_o your_o devisor_n then_o multiply_v the_o say_v 65_o by_o 100_o the_o distance_n from_o the_o first_o to_o the_o three_o there_o arise_v 6500_o the_o which_o divide_v by_o 5_o the_o quotient_n be_v 1300_o foot_n the_o distance_n from_o the_o first_o staff_n to_o the_o mark_n observe_v this_o figure_n follow_v where_o the_o tower_n represent_v the_o mark_n the_o vnit._n 1._o the_o first_o staff_n or_o station_n the_o figure_n 2_o the_o second_a staff_n the_o figure_n 3_o the_o three_o staff_n and_o the_o figure_n 4_o the_o four_o staff_n or_o you_o may_v find_v out_o the_o distance_n to_o any_o mark_n near_o hand_n by_o the_o quadrant_a and_o gunner_n staff_n divide_v into_o even_a portion_n first_o place_v the_o angle_n of_o the_o quadrant_a upon_o the_o top_n of_o the_o staff_n it_o be_v erect_v perpendicular_o and_o then_o through_o the_o sight_n of_o the_o rule_n view_v the_o mark_n you_o desire_v to_o measure_v let_v a_o long_a thread_n fall_v to_o the_o ground_n from_o the_o centre_n of_o the_o quadrant_a whereon_o the_o plumline_n hang_v which_o thread_n must_v be_v draw_v alongst_o the_o line_n of_o level_n or_o edge_n of_o the_o quadrant_a to_o the_o ground_n observe_v where_o the_o thread_n point_v at_o on_o the_o ground_n and_o behold_v the_o mark_n through_o the_o visual_a sight_n and_o look_v what_o proportion_n that_o part_n of_o ground_n between_o the_o staff_n and_o where_o the_o thread_n point_v at_o have_v to_o the_o staff_n the_o same_o proportion_n shall_v the_o length_n to_o the_o mark_n have_v to_o the_o height_n or_o length_n of_o the_o staff_n as_o by_o this_o subsequent_a figure_n more_o plain_o appear_v wherefore_o observe_v the_o gunner_n staff_n a._n b._n be_v to_o be_v suppose_v eight_o foot_n long_o and_o the_o distance_n between_o the_o staff_n and_o the_o ground_n where_o the_o thread_n point_v you_o to_o be_v the_o space_n c._n b._n rule_n be_v but_o eight_o inch_n therefore_o look_v what_o proportion_n c._n b._n bear_v to_o the_o length_n of_o the_o staff_n which_o be_v reduce_v into_o inch_n will_v be_v 96_o inch_n the_o same_o proportion_n shall_v the_o length_n to_o the_o mark_n d._n have_v to_o the_o staff_n which_o by_o make_v use_n of_o the_o rule_n of_o three_o will_v discover_v unto_o you_o in_o this_o manner_n for_o example_n if_o eight_o inch_n yield_v 96_o what_o will_v 96_o inch_n if_o you_o multiply_v 96_o by_o 96_o the_o product_n be_v 9216_o inch_n and_o this_o divide_a by_o 8_o yield_v in_o the_o quotient_a 1152_o inch_n the_o true_a distance_n from_o the_o staff_n to_o the_o mark_n moreover_o by_o the_o quadrant_a you_o may_v foresee_v whether_o water_n or_o spring_n may_v possible_o be_v bring_v to_o any_o place_n desire_v which_o indeed_o be_v a_o thing_n of_o much_o consequence_n in_o the_o war_n wherefore_o observe_v that_o by_o go_v to_o the_o head_n of_o the_o spring_n or_o water_n and_o by_o set_v your_o quadrant_a to_o your_o eye_n be_v in_o height_n equal_a with_o the_o water_n so_o that_o the_o plumline_n fall_v preciesely_a on_o the_o line_n of_o level_n now_o if_o you_o may_v see_v above_o the_o place_n through_o the_o sight_n than_o you_o may_v judge_v the_o water_n be_v possible_a to_o be_v bring_v but_o if_o you_o sight_n fall_v under_o than_o it_o be_v impossible_a it_o come_v common_o to_o pass_v when_o the_o place_n to_o the_o which_o you_o will_v have_v water_n convey_v be_v of_o any_o great_a distance_n from_o the_o head_n of_o the_o spring_n or_o river_n bank_n the_o hill_n valley_n and_o such_o like_a impediment_n hinder_v the_o visual_a line_n from_o have_v its_o free_a course_n wherefore_o observe_v this_o remedy_n at_o the_o head_n of_o the_o spring_n or_o river-banck_n you_o intend_v to_o cut_v out_o you_o shall_v look_v through_o the_o sight_n of_o the_o instrument_n as_o before_o and_o take_v notice_n of_o some_o mark_n in_o in_o the_o next_o hill_n towards_o the_o place_n then_o go_v to_o that_o
be_v to_o make_v incursion_n upon_o the_o enemy_n and_o to_o discover_v his_o march_n and_o design_n moreover_o there_o must_v be_v good_a store_n of_o ordnance_n service_n especial_o some_o piece_n for_o they_o will_v be_v able_a to_o do_v better_a servive_fw-la than_o the_o great_a canon_n in_o two_o respect_n as_o first_o the_o expense_n of_o powder_n will_v be_v less_o second_o they_o be_v easy_a to_o be_v remove_v from_o place_n to_o place_n as_o occasion_n shall_v be_v offer_v the_o well_o manage_v and_o ordering_n in_o such_o a_o fort_n be_v of_o great_a consequence_n for_o we_o must_v conceive_v a_o enemy_n be_v at_o three_o time_n the_o expense_n let_v he_o be_v as_o provident_a as_o he_o can_v further_o the_o enemy_n be_v constrain_v to_o lose_v his_o time_n and_o spend_v his_o mean_n and_o treasure_n by_o bring_v a_o army_n against_o they_o which_o shall_v either_o cause_v they_o to_o raise_v their_o siege_n as_o grave_a maurice_n van_n nassaw_n do_v at_o the_o siege_n of_o bergen-up-zone_n he_o march_v his_o army_n to_o rosandâ—ll_v cause_v marquesse_n spinola_n to_o raise_v his_o siege_n otherwise_o a_o great_a advantage_n may_v be_v take_v as_o the_o same_o noble_a prince_n once_o do_v ost-end_n be_v beleaguer_v he_o think_v to_o have_v raise_v the_o siege_n of_o duke_n john_n de_fw-fr austria_n find_v he_o so_o strong_o entrench_v retreat_v with_o his_o army_n and_o pitch_v before_o sluice_n and_o sudden_o take_v it_o thus_o you_o may_v see_v the_o property_n of_o a_o strong_a garrison_n how_o necessary_a they_o be_v in_o all_o respect_n such_o imperfection_n as_o can_v be_v eschew_v must_v be_v bear_v withal_o seek_v to_o prevent_v they_o in_o the_o best_a and_o safe_a manner_n we_o may_v i_o hope_v this_o discourse_n will_v give_v a_o reasonable_a satisfaction_n to_o any_o man_n that_o be_v a_o ingenuous_a soldier_n as_o for_o other_o i_o leave_v they_o to_o censure_v like_o themselves_o in_o the_o follow_a chapter_n we_o will_v discourse_v of_o the_o diversity_n of_o modern_a fortification_n chap._n xxvi_o of_o four_o kind_n of_o fortify_v now_o in_o use_n french_a spanish_a italian_a and_o holland_n and_o first_o of_o the_o manner_n of_o fortify_v in_o france_n have_v former_o speak_v of_o the_o first_o invention_n of_o fortification_n and_o how_o they_o have_v be_v reduce_v from_o imperfect_a to_o better_a form_n but_o because_o all_o man_n opinion_n and_o judgement_n be_v various_a and_o not_o a_o like_o assent_v one_o esteem_v one_o fashion_n to_o be_v best_a and_o other_o of_o a_o quite_o contrary_a conceit_n maintain_v that_o another_o form_n be_v better_a therefore_o principal_o i_o have_v make_v choice_n to_o discourse_v of_o and_o decipher_v these_o four_o kind_n of_o fortifying_n and_o the_o rather_o because_o these_o country_n lie_v open_a to_o their_o enemy_n have_v be_v very_o ingenuous_a to_o fortify_v their_o town_n for_o their_o better_a security_n very_o strong_o for_o in_o such_o place_n there_o be_v nothing_o of_o great_a consequence_n belong_v to_o state_n affair_n than_o a_o absolute_a form_n in_o fortify_v and_o in_o discourse_v of_o their_o several_a invention_n we_o will_v compare_v the_o property_n and_o improperty_n of_o they_o together_o and_o so_o follow_v the_o best_a form_n and_o eschew_v the_o worst_a fortification_n the_o french_a be_v opinionate_a the_o face_n of_o the_o bulworke_n shall_v be_v defend_v by_o musketeer_n therefore_o they_o will_v not_o have_v the_o defence_n of_o the_o flank_n to_o the_o point_n of_o the_o bulworke_n to_o be_v of_o great_a distance_n than_o musket-shot_a which_o be_v not_o above_o 120._o pace_n pace_n likewise_o they_o will_v have_v the_o defence_n of_o the_o bulworke_n to_o be_v take_v only_o from_o the_o flank_n the_o reason_n be_v because_o the_o angle_n of_o the_o point_n of_o the_o bulworke_n be_v more_o obtuse_a then_o if_o they_o shall_v take_v the_o defence_n from_o the_o curtin_n and_o so_o consequent_o more_o firm_a and_o strong_a for_o to_o resist_v the_o battery_n they_o will_v likewise_o have_v a_o good_a mote_n with_o a_o kind_n of_o parapet_n run_v in_o the_o midst_n of_o it_o which_o between_o the_o two_o bulwark_n have_v a_o kind_n of_o work_n for_o soldier_n to_o defend_v the_o breach_n of_o the_o flank_n which_o they_o term_v cune_n this_o mote_n be_v to_o be_v full_a of_o water_n at_o deusbrough_n in_o gelderland_n they_o raise_v in_o the_o mote_n in_o the_o equal_a distance_n between_o the_o bulwork_n only_o a_o kind_n of_o half_a moon_n extend_v itself_o like_a to_o this_o figure_n these_o kind_n of_o work_n they_o hold_v very_o necessary_a to_o prevent_v a_o enemy_n from_o any_o sudden_a surprise_v by_o lay_v over_o bridge_n or_o come_v over_o in_o leather_n boat_n a_o continual_a watch_n be_v keep_v there_o prevent_v their_o design_n the_o figure_n follow_v chap._n xxvii_o how_o the_o french_a fortify_v their_o irregular_a figure_n upon_o a_o line_n of_o 100_o toise_n they_o will_v have_v form_v a_o single_a tenaille_n upon_o a_o line_n of_o 100_o or_o 150._o toise_n foot_n they_o will_v have_v raise_v two_o bastion_n upon_o a_o line_n of_o a_o 150._o or_o 200._o toise_n they_o raise_v a_o double_a tenaille_n or_o two_o half_a bulwork_n upon_o a_o line_n of_o 250._o toise_n they_o raise_v one_o bastion_n and_o two_o half_a bastion_n for_o better_a demonstration_n of_o this_o we_o will_v suppose_v a_o irregular_a piece_n of_o ground_n to_o be_v fortify_v as_o q_o r_o s_o t_o v_o and_o in_o regard_n no_o ground_n be_v to_o be_v lose_v we_o must_v first_o consider_v all_o the_o several_a measure_n at_o the_o out-most_a side_n of_o it_o and_o first_o draw_v a_o right_a line_n as_o a_o b_o of_o 250._o toise_n and_o upon_o the_o same_o line_n follow_v these_o precedent_a rule_n they_o raise_v there_o one_o bastion_n and_o two_o half_n take_v from_o the_o octagon_n look_v at_o the_o point_n a._n likewise_o from_o the_o point_n a_o draw_v a_o line_n from_o a._n p_o of_o 150._o toise_n or_o thereabouts_o upon_o the_o which_o they_o raise_v two_o half_a bastion_n then_o draw_v the_o line_n p_o o_o upon_o the_o which_o they_o raise_v one_o bastion_n and_o two_o half_n according_a as_o the_o first_o be_v and_o also_o as_o the_o line_n o_o x_o have_v and_o also_o of_o all_o the_o rest_n according_a as_o they_o shall_v find_v the_o length_n or_o distance_n many_o time_n they_o desire_v the_o wall_n of_o the_o town_n shall_v be_v secure_v from_o the_o curtin_n next_o after_o this_o follow_a figure_n i_o shall_v draw_v another_o figure_n that_o shall_v demonstrate_v that_o kind_n of_o flank_v from_o the_o curtin_n moreover_o when_o your_o french_a engineere_n fortify_v a_o irregulrr_n figure_n and_o that_o the_o line_n of_o defence_n be_v to_o be_v take_v from_o the_o curtain_n then_o suppose_v the_o place_n to_o be_v fortify_v to_o be_v b_o a_o p_o l_o n_o m._n o_o and_o that_o the_o wall_n be_v set_v in_o the_o outmost_a verge_n of_o the_o ground_n must_v serve_v for_o the_o curtine_n whole_o the_o figure_n be_v proportion_v as_o you_o see_v the_o next_o follow_v be_v they_o draw_v a_o line_n from_o c_o d_o e_o f_o of_o 400._o toise_n where_o they_o find_v there_o must_v be_v raise_v upon_o the_o same_o line_n one_o bastion_n and_o two_o half_n and_o one_o simple_a tenaille_n viz._n the_o bastion_n e_o the_o two_o half_a one_o d_o and_o f_o and_o the_o single_a tenaille_n d_o c_o and_o have_v draw_v the_o line_n round_o the_o town_n leave_v sufficient_a distance_n between_o the_o wall_n for_o to_o raise_v the_o bastion_n then_o they_o take_v the_o space_n of_o 100_o or_o 110._o toise_n from_o the_o flank_n of_o one_o bulworke_n to_o the_o point_n of_o the_o other_o thus_o every_o bastion_n will_v stand_v right_a within_o musket-shot_a to_o be_v defend_v as_o the_o regular_a figure_n be_v this_o they_o use_v only_o for_o the_o fortify_v of_o some_o old_a wall_n in_o haste_n and_o without_o much_o charge_n otherwise_o a_o rampart_n may_v be_v raise_v of_o earth_n and_o these_o work_v make_v to_o it_o the_o figure_n follow_v chap._n xxviii_o the_o manner_n of_o the_o spaniard_n fortify_v the_o manner_n of_o the_o spaniard_n fortify_v differ_v nothing_o from_o the_o french_a for_o they_o hold_v the_o same_o rule_n viz._n they_o take_v their_o defence_n from_o the_o flank_n and_o they_o observe_v the_o same_o distance_n from_o the_o flank_n to_o the_o point_n of_o the_o bulworke_n only_o they_o use_v great_a compass_v shoulder_n to_o cover_v their_o flank_n as_o you_o may_v perceive_v by_o the_o figure_n follow_v mark_v a._n note_v that_o he_o that_o intend_v to_o fortify_v must_v have_v a_o special_a regard_n to_o the_o matter_n he_o intend_v to_o put_v in_o execution_n and_o to_o the_o potency_n of_o his_o enemy_n to_o the_o end_n he_o may_v apply_v
s_o s_o s_o s_o s_o s_o s_o s_o s_o s_o s_o s_o s_o s_o s_o s_o s_o s_o s_o s_o s_o s_o s_o s_o s_o s_o s_o s_o s_o s_o s_o s_o s_o s_o s_o s_o s_o s_o s_o s_o s_o s_o s_o s_o s_o l_o rear_n c_o s_o 4._o sssss_v sssss_v sssss_n d_o sssss_a sssss_n sssss_fw-ge sssss_fw-ge sssss_fw-ge sssss_fw-ge sssss_fw-ge 6_o e_o ppppp_n ppppp_n ppppp_v ppppp_n ppppp_v ppppp_n ppppp_v ppppp_n ppppp_n ppppp_v 7_o saint_n ppppp_n ppppp_n ppppp_n d_o 2_o ppppp_n ppppp_n ppppp_v ppppp_n ppppp_v ppppp_n ppppp_v 8_o saint_n 2._o sssss_a sssss_n sssss_fw-ge sssss_fw-ge sssss_fw-ge sssss_fw-ge sssss_fw-ge sssss_fw-ge sssss_fw-ge sssss_fw-ge 9_o e_o c_o s_o 2._o sssss_n d_o pppppppppp_v d_o sssss_n s._n 1._o  _fw-fr sssss_n  _fw-fr pppppppppp_n  _fw-fr sssss_n  _fw-fr  _fw-fr sssss_n  _fw-fr pppppppppp_n  _fw-fr sssss_n  _fw-fr  _fw-fr sssss_n  _fw-fr pppppppppp_n  _fw-fr sssss_n  _fw-fr  _fw-fr sssss_n  _fw-fr pppppppppp_n  _fw-fr sssss_n  _fw-fr  _fw-fr sssss_n  _fw-fr pppppppppp_n  _fw-fr sssss_n  _fw-fr  _fw-fr sssss_n  _fw-fr pppppppppp_n  _fw-fr sssss_n  _fw-fr  _fw-fr sssss_n  _fw-fr pppppppppp_n  _fw-fr sssss_n  _fw-fr  _fw-fr sssss_n  _fw-fr pppppppppp_n  _fw-fr sssss_n  _fw-fr s._n 3._o sssss_n  _fw-fr pppppppppp_n  _fw-fr sssss_n s._n 4._o in_o this_o precedent_a figure_n you_o see_v the_o division_n of_o the_o company_n draw_v up_o into_o a_o even_a body_n or_o battalion_n all_o the_o fell-leader_n stand_v even_o in_o front_n together_o make_v one_o rank_n chap._n lxxv_o how_o the_o officer_n be_v to_o draw_v both_o pike_n and_o musket_n one_o file_n sequent_v another_o into_o a_o ring_n for_o the_o better_a and_o speedy_a exercise_v they_o in_o their_o posture_n the_o company_n stand_v in_o a_o even_a body_n as_o the_o former_a figure_n show_v before_o the_o captain_n shall_v exercise_v they_o in_o gross_a as_o they_o now_o stand_v the_o easy_a ready_a and_o most_o convenient_a way_n be_v to_o see_v every_o man_n particular_o do_v his_o posture_n both_o of_o pike_n and_o musket_n wherefore_o first_o draw_v out_o the_o body_n of_o pike_n from_o the_o shot_n then_o command_v the_o right_a wing_n of_o shot_n to_o face_n to_o the_o left_a hand_n and_o the_o left_a wing_n of_o shot_n to_o face_n to_o the_o right_a hand_n then_o march_v forward_o join_v their_o file_n together_o so_o face_v as_o they_o be_v make_v they_o stand_v in_o a_o even_a body_n that_o officer_n which_o intend_v to_o exercise_v the_o pike_n be_v to_o draw_v they_o into_o one_o side_n of_o the_o field_n and_o some_o other_o officer_n be_v to_o take_v the_o musket_n and_o draw_v they_o another_o way_n a_o convenient_a distance_n apart_o so_o that_o one_o division_n may_v not_o interrupt_v the_o other_o then_o either_o officer_n draw_v out_o their_o file_n one_o follow_v another_o lead_v they_o round_o into_o a_o ring_n the_o officer_n stand_v in_o the_o midst_n every_o soldier_n face_v towards_o he_o so_o that_o he_o may_v see_v all_o their_o action_n and_o likewise_o they_o may_v hear_v his_o word_n of_o command_n and_o observe_v how_o he_o handle_v his_o arm_n that_o they_o may_v imitate_v he_o and_o where_o he_o see_v any_o one_o awkward_a and_o ignorant_a he_o be_v speedy_o to_o step_v to_o he_o and_o to_o show_v he_o how_o to_o demean_v himself_o the_o word_n of_o command_n and_o the_o posture_n follow_v in_o the_o next_o chapter_n chap._n lxxvi_o how_o a_o officer_n be_v to_o demean_v himself_o in_o the_o exercise_v of_o the_o musquetieres_n and_o how_o every_o soldier_n be_v to_o observe_v and_o imitate_v he_o punctual_o from_o posture_n to_o posture_n the_o officer_n have_v dispose_v his_o man_n as_o before_o be_v show_v himself_o stand_v in_o the_o midst_n of_o they_o take_v a_o musket_n in_o his_o hand_n and_o bandelieres_n about_o he_o he_o shall_v command_v silence_n and_o be_v presuppose_v they_o stand_v with_o their_o bandilier_n on_o their_o match_n between_o their_o finger_n their_o musket_n shoulder_v and_o their_o rest_n in_o their_o hand_n the_o officer_n command_v they_o to_o 1_o rest_v your_o musket_n this_o pocture_n be_v perform_v the_o musket_n be_v shoulder_v first_o by_o slip_v it_o posture_n then_o bring_v about_o the_o right_a hand_n and_o grasp_a the_o musket_n at_o the_o breech_n and_o at_o the_o same_o instant_n draw_v in_o your_o right_a heel_n to_o your_o left_a ankle_n with_o a_o small_a jutte_n of_o the_o shoulder_n you_o raise_v the_o piece_n and_o poise_v it_o in_o the_o right_a hand_n be_v stretch_v out_o with_o the_o musquet-rest_n in_o the_o left_a hand_n likewise_o stretch_v out_o then_o bring_v about_o your_o left_a hand_n and_o foot_n you_o meet_v the_o musket_n with_o your_o rest_n place_v it_o upon_o the_o ground_n aslant_a from_o you_o your_o thumb_n press_v the_o side_n of_o the_o barrel_n and_o the_o fork_n of_o the_o rest_n together_o your_o right_a leg_n be_v bring_v a_o little_a forward_o stand_v with_o a_o full_a body_n towards_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o piece_n the_o but_o end_n close_o to_o your_o side_n above_o your_o huckle_n bone_n 2_o poise_n your_o musket_n this_o posture_n be_v perform_v perform_v by_o bring_v up_o the_o right_a leg_n to_o the_o ankle_n of_o the_o left_a the_o piece_n be_v stay_v upon_o the_o rest_n by_o the_o pinch_a of_o the_o thumb_n the_o right_a hand_n at_o the_o same_o motion_n grasp_v the_o piece_n at_o the_o breech_n the_o middle_a joint_n of_o the_o forefinger_n place_v under_o the_o pan_n musket_n the_o upper_a joint_n next_o the_o hand_n just_a with_o the_o breech-pin_n the_o thumb_n upon_o the_o inside_n of_o the_o stock_n a_o little_a press_v down_o the_o right_a hand_n and_o raise_v the_o left_a with_o the_o rest_n you_o receive_v it_o and_o hold_v it_o at_o arm_n end_v with_o the_o mouth_n plum_n upward_o the_o rest_n in_o the_o left_a hand_n with_o the_o arm_n outstretched_a the_o right_a foot_n be_v remove_v sideways_o at_o the_o same_o instant_n with_o the_o right_a hand_n the_o body_n will_v stand_v full_a and_o comely_a 3_o shoulder_v your_o musket_n the_o musket_n be_v poise_v ground_n you_o must_v bring_v about_o your_o right_a hand_n draw_v up_o the_o heel_n of_o your_o right_a foot_n to_o your_o left_a ankle_n and_o as_o your_o musket_n be_v ready_a to_o touch_v your_o left_a shoulder_n you_o must_v at_o the_o same_o instant_n bring_v about_o your_o left_a hand_n over_o the_o but_o end_n of_o the_o piece_n with_o the_o rest_n in_o it_o the_o ground_n end_n of_o your_o rest_n point_v towards_o your_o right_a thigh_n join_v the_o searâ—_n of_o the_o piece_n close_o to_o your_o shoulder_n note_v when_o you_o intend_v to_o poise_v it_o as_o in_o the_o former_a posture_n you_o must_v turn_v the_o point_n of_o your_o rest_n inward_o toward_o your_o left_a thigh_n and_o withal_o let_v the_o piece_n slip_v a_o little_a the_o breech_n will_v lie_v fit_a for_o the_o right_a hand_n to_o receive_v it_o 4_o take_v your_o rest_n in_o your_o right_a hand_n fit_a for_o march_v there_o need_v no_o great_a comment_n upon_o this_o posture_n only_o when_o the_o musket_n be_v shoulder_v you_o be_v take_v the_o rest_n into_o your_o right_a hand_n for_o to_o be_v a_o stay_n unto_o you_o in_o your_o march_n 5_o take_v your_o match_n between_o the_o finger_n of_o your_o right_a hand_n march_v this_o posture_n be_v perform_v by_o bring_v about_o your_o right_a hand_n and_o between_o the_o forefinger_n and_o thumb_n thereof_o take_v the_o match_n within_o a_o inch_n of_o the_o coal_n from_o between_o the_o little_a and_o three_o finger_n of_o the_o left_a hand_n then_o hold_v your_o right_a hand_n out_o from_o your_o body_n 6._o put_v your_o rest_n string_n about_o your_o left_a wrist_n and_o carry_v your_o rest_n in_o your_o left_a hand_n there_o need_v no_o great_a circumstance_n about_o this_o posture_n only_o you_o have_v the_o rest_n in_o your_o right_a hand_n upon_o a_o march_n you_o now_o put_v on_o the_o string_n upon_o the_o left_a hand_n hold_v the_o rest_n in_o it_o over_o the_o but_o end_n of_o the_o musket_n by_o which_o you_o be_v in_o a_o readiness_n to_o make_v present_a use_n of_o it_o 7_o return_v your_o match_n between_o the_o finger_n of_o the_o left_a hand_n this_o posture_n be_v perform_v have_v the_o match_n between_o the_o finger_n and_o the_o thumb_n of_o the_o right_a hand_n you_o be_v to_o bring_v your_o arm_n about_o towards_o the_o left_a hand_n there_o place_v the_o coal_n end_n of_o the_o match_n between_o the_o middle_n and_o three_o finger_n thereof_o the_o light_a end_n to_o the_o back_n of_o the_o hand-ward_n then_o take_v the_o other_o end_n of_o the_o match_n and_o place_n it_o in_o like_a manner_n between_o the_o three_o and_o little_a finger_n by_o this_o mean_v it_o be_v not_o troublesome_a but_o ready_a to_o be_v
and_o surprise_v the_o fort_n view_v the_o figure_n chap._n xvi_o another_o irregular_a figure_n fortify_v in_o the_o next_o figure_n follow_v you_o may_v perceive_v fortify_v be_v surround_v with_o water_n only_a one_o open_a space_n betwixt_o a_o and_o b._n which_o must_v be_v very_o strong_o fortify_v because_o it_o be_v the_o likely_a place_n for_o the_o enemy_n to_o make_v his_o approach_n for_o prevention_n whereof_o the_o two_o half_a bulwark_n c._n and_o d._n be_v raise_v with_o two_o flank_n towards_o one_o side_n to_o the_o end_n it_o shall_v be_v double_o defend_v viz_o from_o the_o flank_n a._n and_o b._n likewise_o upon_o each_o side_n by_o the_o sea_n there_o be_v simple_a bulwark_n for_o to_o lodge_v the_o cannon_n there_o for_o the_o defence_n of_o the_o port_n the_o which_o be_v to_o be_v shut_v with_o a_o chaine-bridge_n or_o draw-bridge_n next_o you_o may_v behold_v a_o work_n call_v a_o it_o horne-worke_n which_o be_v frame_v of_o two_o half_a bulwark_n e._n f._n the_o which_o horne-worke_n be_v defend_v from_o the_o bulwark_n c._n and_o d._n and_o in_o the_o midst_n thereof_o be_v a_o half_a moon_n which_o serve_v for_o a_o retreat_n and_o defence_n of_o the_o port_n h_n these_o outwork_n be_v excellent_a good_a to_o cause_v the_o enemy_n to_o lose_v a_o great_a deal_n of_o time_n in_o win_v they_o and_o when_o they_o be_v gain_v they_o shall_v immediate_o be_v constrain_v to_o forsake_v they_o for_o they_o lie_v open_a to_o the_o inward_a work_n will_v soon_o force_v they_o out_o with_o the_o shot_n that_o shall_v be_v make_v from_o the_o bulwark_n c._n d._n last_o these_o half_a moon_n be_v of_o excellent_a use_n to_o hinder_v the_o enemy_n from_o mine_v under_o the_o bulwork_n as_o the_o hollander_n and_o other_o have_v find_v by_o experience_n the_o figure_n follow_v in_o the_o next_o page_n view_v the_o same_o and_o examine_v the_o particular_n of_o it_o with_o your_o compass_n and_o compare_v it_o with_o this_o demonstrative_a discourse_n will_v make_v you_o familiar_a and_o better_a able_a to_o understand_v it_o chap._n xvii_o a_o three_o irregular_a figure_n fortify_v this_o three_o figure_n be_v fortify_v with_o five_o bulwork_n insomuch_o that_o it_o may_v be_v call_v pentagon_n irregular_a wherein_o we_o must_v consider_v the_o diversity_n of_o side_n some_o be_v long_o the_o rest_n short_a and_o raise_v bulwork_n upon_o these_o point_n which_o fall_v accidental_o irregular_a some_o be_v too_o short_a the_o rest_n too_o long_o as_o you_o may_v perceive_v by_o the_o side_n no_o to_o be_v more_o by_o the_o scale_n than_o 180._o pace_n which_o ought_v to_o be_v the_o ordinary_a distance_n between_o bulwork_n erroneous_a or_o 200._o for_o the_o long_a likewise_o you_o perceive_v qq_n be_v less_o than_o 180._o and_o 160._o short_a than_o the_o rest_n here_o you_o may_v observe_v these_o fault_n which_o a_o regular_a fort_n have_v not_o every_o bulworke_n be_v of_o a_o even_a distance_n either_o of_o 180._o or_o 200._o pace_n at_o the_o most_o or_o 180._o and_o 160._o at_o the_o least_o be_v the_o true_a distance_n to_o raise_v your_o bulwork_n in_o a_o equality_n of_o distance_n that_o which_o you_o see_v in_o the_o figure_n to_o be_v advance_v beyond_o the_o shoulder_n and_o likewise_o above_o the_o curtain_n as_o you_o may_v see_v from_o n_o to_o r_o and_o from_o o_o to_o saint_n and_o from_o p_o to_o t_o and_o from_o q_o to_o five_o and_o so_o of_o the_o rest_n not_o take_v the_o like_a distance_n for_o the_o other_o flank_v as_o you_o see_v by_o px_n and_o qy_n the_o order_n of_o these_o difference_n ought_v to_o lie_v in_o the_o judgement_n of_o the_o judicious_a engineer_n let_v we_o observe_v the_o bulworke_n n_o which_o ought_v to_o be_v sharp_o point_v because_o it_o be_v upon_o a_o angle_n very_o sharp_a long_o and_o crooked_a and_o out_o of_o distance_n to_o be_v flank_v as_o you_o may_v see_v by_o n._n to_o prevent_v the_o advantage_n a_o enemy_n may_v take_v if_o the_o point_n shall_v be_v make_v out_o its_o full_a length_n pentagon_n according_a as_o the_o ground_n will_v require_v it_o be_v think_v the_o safe_a way_n to_o cut_v off_o the_o say_a point_n m_o and_o to_o fashion_v it_o with_o a_o double_a point_n so_o as_o it_o may_v defend_v itself_o and_o strengthen_v the_o bulworke_n the_o better_a and_o a_o great_a deal_n less_o pain_n and_o travel_n in_o raise_v of_o it_o for_o indeed_o the_o very_a point_n of_o the_o bulworke_n must_v have_v be_v raise_v a_o great_a way_n in_o the_o water_n as_o you_o may_v observe_v by_o the_o prick_v take_v notice_n likewise_o of_o the_o two_o half_a moon_n before_o each_o port_n which_o have_v their_o defence_n from_o the_o two_o bulwork_n on_o each_o side_n of_o they_o and_o as_o i_o have_v say_v before_o they_o serve_v for_o a_o retreat_n to_o those_o that_o guard_n without_o and_o likewise_o defend_v the_o port_n from_o sudden_a surprise_v further_n observe_v that_o the_o flank_n be_v but_o 20._o pace_n because_o of_o the_o small_a distance_n for_o indeed_o their_o need_v no_o such_o large_a flank_n for_o if_o they_o be_v big_a than_o the_o bulworke_n shall_v extend_v itself_o further_o into_o the_o river_n which_o will_v be_v a_o mighty_a charge_n and_o unprofitable_a as_o you_o may_v perceive_v by_o the_o bulworke_n q_o the_o prick_v line_n that_o be_v mark_v in_o the_o water_n last_o observe_v for_o a_o general_a rule_n that_o in_o all_o work_n of_o this_o nature_n if_o the_o line_n total_a of_o any_o side_n be_v 170._o pace_n or_o thereabouts_o that_o then_o the_o curtain_n flank_n be_v make_v about_o 200._o pace_n if_o short_a than_o the_o curtain_n short_a proportionable_o always_o provide_v that_o the_o flank_n look_v each_o upon_o other_o upon_o each_o curtain_n be_v near_o of_o of_o equal_a length_n for_o the_o shoulder_n it_o make_v not_o much_o if_o they_o differ_v in_o the_o line_n so_o they_o be_v of_o a_o sufficient_a thickness_n view_v the_o subsequent_a figure_n chap._n xviii_o a_o four_o irregular_a figure_n fortify_v in_o this_o four_o figure_n you_o may_v perceive_v two_o several_a fortification_n the_o angles_n be_v according_o divide_v by_o the_o water_n branch_a out_o the_o one_o be_v mark_v with_o a_o the_o other_z with_o b_o you_o may_v suppose_v it_o to_o be_v a_o arm_n of_o the_o sea_n branch_a itself_o into_o three_o river_n in_o the_o form_n of_o a_o triangle_n and_o be_v fortify_v only_o upon_o the_o side_n towards_o the_o land_n d_o for_o on_o the_o water_n side_n they_o be_v sufficient_o fortify_v with_o the_o wall_n make_v defensive_a with_o platform_n e._n likewise_o you_o may_v observe_v the_o fork_a bulwark_n ff_n this_o triangule_a work_n be_v of_o no_o strength_n to_o be_v use_v upon_o plain_n as_o before_o i_o have_v show_v but_o only_o where_o great_a water_n be_v wherein_o consist_v their_o chief_a strength_n and_o they_o be_v invent_v to_o keep_v and_o secure_v the_o mouth_n of_o havens_n where_o the_o governor_n of_o the_o â—ort_n be_v to_o command_v the_o ship_n that_o ride_v by_o from_o the_o rampart_n g_o and_o cause_v they_o to_o pay_v toll_n the_o water-port_n be_v to_o be_v below_o the_o rampart_n g._n the_o figure_n follow_v in_o the_o next_o page_n be_v the_o 52_o chap._n xix_o a_o five_o irregular_a figure_n fortify_v you_o may_v suppose_v the_o one_o side_n of_o this_o figure_n mark_v with_o h_n to_o be_v some_o rock_n or_o moorish_a ground_n unaccessible_a the_o other_o side_n at_o the_o letter_n l_o be_v firm_a land_n wherefore_o it_o behove_v that_o the_o side_n l_o shall_v be_v very_o well_o fortify_v according_a to_o the_o rule_n of_o a_o regular_a figure_n that_o the_o enemy_n may_v find_v it_o very_o difficult_a to_o gain_v the_o place_n upon_o the_o other_o side_n the_o wall_n be_v to_o be_v make_v very_o high_a for_o fear_v of_o surprisal_n without_o any_o work_n of_o great_a consequence_n will_v suffice_v there_o aught_o to_o be_v also_o upon_o the_o moorie_v or_o rocky_a side_n h_n a_o good_a ditch_n yea_o though_o the_o rock_n be_v so_o high_a that_o no_o water_n can_v come_v into_o the_o ditch_n and_o if_o it_o shall_v likewise_o happen_v that_o the_o other_o ditch_n l_o on_o the_o landside_n shall_v be_v dry_a and_o without_o water_n yet_o there_o be_v a_o little_a wall_n that_o run_v along_o the_o ditch_n at_o bb_n which_o be_v very_o profitable_a to_o defend_v the_o say_a ditch_n as_o you_o may_v perceive_v by_o those_o soldier_n there_o defend_v for_o they_o can_v be_v annoy_v by_o the_o enemy_n because_o they_o be_v below_o and_o under_o the_o shot_n of_o the_o canon_n note_v this_o kind_n of_o fortification_n be_v to_o be_v use_v but_o upon_o necessity_n for_o no_o fort_n whatsoever_o can_v be_v account_v strong_a unless_o the_o
dependency_n and_o first_o we_o will_v discourse_v of_o the_o true_a measure_n and_o proportion_n of_o they_o which_o at_o this_o day_n be_v in_o use_n and_o account_v the_o most_o perfect_a that_o ever_o be_v invent_v which_o we_o account_v now_o to_o be_v infallible_a maxim_n of_o this_o art_n view_v the_o figure_n follow_v chap._n xxv_o of_o the_o measure_n and_o proportion_n of_o our_o modern_a fortress_n we_o have_v former_o discourse_v of_o ancient_a fortress_n of_o their_o defect_n and_o remedy_n now_o it_o remain_v we_o shall_v entreat_v of_o our_o modern_a work_n which_o be_v now_o bring_v to_o be_v most_o perfect_a in_o regard_n of_o those_o ancient_a fortification_n before_o mention_v and_o first_o we_o will_v speak_v of_o their_o measure_n and_o proportion_n the_o which_o must_v serve_v we_o for_o maxim_n because_o they_o be_v ground_v upon_o very_o good_a and_o infalible_a reason_n as_o experience_n have_v show_v and_o do_v teach_v we_o daily_o i._o that_o fortress_n be_v compose_v of_o many_o bulwark_n and_o that_o the_o say_v bulwark_n shall_v be_v of_o equal_a distance_n and_o of_o equal_a angle_n the_o ground_n be_v so_o large_a that_o a_o regular_a work_n may_v be_v raise_v thereon_o as_o near_o as_o may_v be_v equal_o as_o for_o irregular_a work_n necessity_n must_v drive_v we_o to_o make_v they_o want_v the_o commodiousness_n of_o ground_n that_o the_o regular_a figure_n shall_v have_v ii_o the_o bulwark_n ought_v to_o be_v large_a and_o spacious_a to_o the_o end_n they_o may_v reintrench_a themselves_o and_o the_o point_n or_o angel_n as_o blunt_a as_o possible_a may_v be_v make_v iii_o that_o the_o entery_n or_o mouth_n of_o the_o bulworke_n aught_o to_o be_v from_o sixty_o to_o seventy_o pace_n viz._n thirty_o or_o thirty_o five_o from_o each_o end_n of_o the_o curtin_n to_o the_o midst_n or_o point_n of_o the_o entrance_n into_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o bulworke_n four_o that_o the_o defence_n of_o the_o bulwark_n aught_o to_o be_v take_v from_o the_o three_o part_n of_o the_o curtin_n at_o the_o least_o as_o in_o all_o form_n or_o figure_n of_o 6._o 7._o and_o 8._o and_o of_o those_o of_o 9_o 10._o 11._o 12._o of_o the_o half_a of_o the_o curtin_n as_o for_o the_o pentagon_n it_o will_v permit_v the_o take_n of_o the_o five_o part_n of_o the_o curtin_n because_o the_o angel_n be_v not_o so_o much_o point_v as_o for_o the_o square_a figure_n it_o ought_v not_o to_o be_v put_v among_o the_o number_n of_o fortress_n and_o much_o less_o the_o tryangle_n for_o they_o only_o be_v to_o be_v raise_v in_o place_n of_o advantage_n which_o be_v strong_a by_o nature_n or_o in_o a_o camp_n or_o siege_n of_o a_o town_n v._o the_o line_n of_o defence_n viz._n the_o distance_n that_o be_v take_v from_o the_o flank_n to_o the_o point_n of_o the_o bulworke_n opposite_a to_o it_o aught_o to_o be_v 180_o pace_n viz._n five_o foot_n to_o each_o pace_n at_o the_o least_o and_o 200_o at_o the_o most_o although_o erard_n allow_v not_o above_o 122â—_n toyse_n six_o foot_n to_o the_o toyse_n amount_n to_o 735_o foot_n but_o his_o error_n i_o shall_v afterward_o show_v and_o likewise_o the_o reason_n why_o i_o allow_v 265_o foot_n more_o than_o he_o do_v vi_o the_o line_n of_o the_o flank_n ought_v to_o be_v thirty_o pace_n and_o if_o the_o shoulder_n of_o the_o bulworke_n be_v comprise_v in_o it_o then_o the_o flank_n ought_v to_o be_v large_a by_o the_o three_o part_n viz._n ten_o pace_n and_o twenty_o pace_n for_o the_o form_n of_o the_o shoulder_n vii_o the_o ditch_n or_o moat_n aught_o to_o be_v thirty_o pace_n broad_a and_o run_v even_o by_o the_o side_n of_o the_o bulwark_n viii_o in_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o ditch_n there_o ought_v to_o be_v a_o cave_n dig_v deep_a than_o the_o rest_n some_o four_o pace_n broad_a ix_o the_o counterscarpe_a there_o aught_o to_o be_v frame_v with_o stone_n without_o lyme_n x._o upon_o the_o counterscarpe_n there_o ought_v to_o be_v a_o alley_n three_o pace_n broad_a with_o a_o breast-worke_n ready_a to_o defend_v they_o so_o that_o they_o may_v kneel_v and_o lay_v their_o piece_n over_o it_o to_o discharge_v and_o the_o ground_n be_v to_o be_v make_v all_o even_a beyond_o it_o that_o the_o enemy_n may_v have_v no_o bank_n to_o defend_v himself_o xi_o all_o the_o good_a earth_n which_o be_v beyond_o the_o counterscarpe_n aught_o to_o be_v throw_v away_o a_o musket_n shoot_v from_o it_o and_o all_o kind_n of_o stone_n to_o be_v place_v there_o in_o the_o room_n of_o it_o which_o will_v infinite_o offend_v the_o enemy_n be_v batter_v about_o with_o the_o shot_n from_o the_o wall_n of_o the_o fort._n xii_o the_o half_a moon_n which_o be_v place_v in_o every_o angle_n between_o two_o bulwork_n aught_o to_o be_v forty_o pace_n viz._n twenty_o on_o either_o side_n and_o the_o defence_n thereof_o aught_o to_o be_v always_o take_v as_o near_o as_o possible_o may_v be_v towards_o the_o curtin_n the_o ditch_n thereof_o be_v four_o pace_n at_o least_o in_o breadth_n xiii_o the_o ditch_n or_o moat_n aught_o to_o be_v thirty_o foot_n deep_a be_v well_o store_v with_o all_o kind_n of_o fish_n which_o may_v be_v a_o great_a help_n to_o sustain_v they_o in_o the_o time_n of_o a_o siege_n xiiii_o the_o wall_n or_o foundation_n of_o the_o fort_n aught_o to_o be_v thirty_o foot_n high_a xv._n the_o rampire_n above_o the_o foundation_n of_o the_o wall_n aught_o to_o be_v likewise_o 30._o foot_n in_o height_n and_o 20._o foot_n broad_a both_o curtain_n and_o bulwork_n be_v to_o have_v a_o parapet_n answerable_a and_o a_o foot-step_n for_o the_o musketeer_n to_o step_v upon_o to_o make_v they_o of_o sufficient_a height_n to_o discharge_v their_o musket_n over_o xvi_o upon_o the_o entery_n or_o mouth_n of_o every_o bulworke_n there_o ought_v to_o be_v a_o cavalier_n eight_o foot_n high_a and_o twenty_o pace_n large_a so_o that_o three_o or_o four_o piece_n of_o canon_n may_v be_v plant_v there_o for_o the_o make_n of_o counter-battery_n xvii_o the_o place_n of_o the_o hanke_n ought_v to_o be_v fifty_o foot_n broad_a and_o 75._o or_o 80._o foot_n long_o xviii_o the_o rightnesse_n of_o the_o shoulder_n ought_v to_o be_v 50._o foot_n long_o in_o such_o sort_n that_o it_o may_v shoot_v right_a to_o the_o point_n of_o the_o opposite_a bulworke_n xix_o that_o such_o sally-port_n as_o be_v necessary_a aught_o to_o be_v 15._o foot_n broad_a make_v under_o the_o wall_n in_o the_o hancke_n between_o the_o shoulder_n of_o the_o bulworke_n and_o the_o end_n of_o the_o curtin_n to_o be_v brick_v over_o like_o a_o vault_n and_o at_o each_o end_n of_o it_o a_o very_a strong_a fold_a gate_n these_o sally_n be_v for_o the_o soldier_n to_o pass_v into_o the_o falsebray_a to_o defend_v the_o moat_n and_o the_o foot_n of_o the_o bulwark_n and_o curtain_n xx._n the_o false-bray_a aught_o to_o be_v 15._o or_o 16._o foot_n broad_a from_o the_o foot_n of_o the_o bulwark_n to_o the_o moat_n at_o the_o very_a foot_n of_o the_o rampire_n be_v plant_v a_o bed_n of_o quickset_n two_o foot_n broad_a which_o will_v not_o only_o hinder_v the_o enemy_n from_o sudden_a run_v through_o it_o but_o also_o stay_v up_o such_o earth_n as_o shall_v be_v batter_v down_o from_o fall_v into_o the_o moat_n next_o the_o moat_n the_o falsebray_a have_v a_o breast-worke_n three_o or_o four_o foot_n high_a for_o the_o musquetier_n to_o shoot_v over_o to_o defend_v the_o moat_n xxi_o that_o above_o the_o end_n of_o the_o shoulder_n call_v the_o orillion_n there_o ought_v to_o be_v a_o imbracer_n for_o to_o place_v a_o piece_n of_o ordnance_n to_o batter_v against_o the_o ruin_n that_o the_o enemy_n shall_v make_v in_o the_o face_n of_o the_o bulworke_n xxii_o that_o the_o rampire_n ought_v to_o be_v make_v as_o much_o slope_v as_o they_o be_v high_a which_o be_v their_o natural_a slope_v pinch_v inward_o that_o the_o water_n may_v shoot_v off_o view_v the_o table_n follow_v and_o reason_n will_v not_o only_o allow_v it_o but_o will_v also_o reprehend_v monsieur_fw-fr bellay_n page_n 21._o who_o allow_v only_o one_o foot_n slope_n in_o 8._o or_o 10._o foot_n height_n so_o that_o a_o wall_n be_v 60._o foot_n high_a by_o his_o rule_n shall_v have_v but_o 6._o foot_n slope_n which_o will_v make_v it_o so_o steep_a that_o without_o the_o batter_a of_o the_o canon_n every_o shower_n of_o rain_n will_v wash_v it_o and_o moulder_v it_o down_o observe_v your_o best_a fortification_n as_o zutphen_n and_o densburge_n in_o gilderland_n be_v by_o this_o rule_n frame_v xxiii_o that_o such_o foundation_n of_o stone_n or_o bricke-worke_n as_o be_v make_v against_o water_n or_o otherwise_o to_o bear_v up_o the_o fortification_n of_o earth_n aught_o to_o be_v 5._o foot_n broad_o below_o
240_o 0_o 360_o 0_o 90_o 0_o 13_o 0_o 305_o 0_o 457_o 8_o 114_o 8_o 14_o 0_o 389_o 2_o 583_o 8_o 146_o 8_o a_o table_n show_v the_o square_a root_n unto_o 3848._o and_o the_o cubic_n root_n 238328._o  _fw-fr 1_o  _fw-fr 1024_o 32_o 32768_o 4_o 2_o 8_o 1089_o 33_o 35937_o 9_o 3_o 27_o 1156_o 34_o 39304_o 16_o 4_o 64_o 1225_o 35_o 42875_o 25_o 5_o 125_o 1296_o 36_o 46656_o 36_o 6_o 216_o 1369_o 37_o 50653_o 49_o 7_o 343_o 1444_o 38_o 54872_o 64_o 8_o 512_o 1521_o 39_o 59319_o 81_o 9_o 729_o 1600_o 40_o 64000_o 100_o 10_o 1000_o 1681_o 41_o 68921_o 121_o 11_o 1331_o 1764_o 42_o 74088_o 144_o 12_o 1728_o 1849_o 43_o 81307_o 169_o 13_o 2197_o 1936_o 44_o 85184_o 196_o 14_o 2744_o 2025_o 45_o 87120_o 225_o 15_o 3375_o 2116_o 46_o 97336_o 256_o 16_o 4096_o 2209_o 47_o 103823_o 289_o 17_o 4913_o 2304_o 48_o 110592_o 324_o 18_o 5832_o 2401_o 49_o 117649_o 361_o 19_o 6859_o 2500_o 50_o 125000_o 400_o 20_o 6800_o 2601_o 51_o 132651_o 441_o 21_o 9261_o 2704_o 52_o 140608_o 484_o 22_o 10648_o 2809_o 53_o 148877_o 529_o 23_o 11197_o 2916_o 54_o 157464_o 576_o 24_o 13824_o 3205_o 55_o 166375_o 625_o 25_o 15625_o 3136_o 56_o 175616_o 676_o 26_o 17576_o 3249_o 57_o 185163_o 729_o 27_o 19683_o 3364_o 58_o 195112_o 784_o 28_o 21952_o 3481_o 59_o 205379_o 841_o 29_o 24389_o 3600_o 60_o 216000_o 900_o 30_o 27000_o 3721_o 61_o 226981_o 961_o 31_o 29791_o 3844_o 62_o 238328_o the_o square_a root_n  _fw-fr the_n cubick_n root_n square_a root_n  _fw-fr cubick_n root_n i_o have_v adjoin_v this_o table_n of_o the_o square_a and_o cubic_n root_n to_o the_o table_n of_o the_o height_n and_o weight_n of_o iron_n lead_v and_o stone_n bullet_n because_o mr._n norton_n conceive_v that_o a_o man_n of_o a_o small_a capacity_n and_o practice_n may_v find_v out_o the_o weight_n of_o any_o bullet_n by_o the_o help_n of_o this_o table_n of_o the_o cubick-root_n as_o for_o example_n suppose_v a_o iron_n bullet_n of_o 4._o inch_n diameter_n and_o 1_o 2._o now_o by_o divide_v the_o cube_n of_o the_o shot_n by_o 8._o and_o take_v the_o quotient_a for_o pound_n rest_n and_o each_o unite_v of_o the_o remainder_n for_o two_o ounce_n and_o so_o the_o cube_n of_o 4_o ½_o be_v 91._o and_o divide_v by_o 8._o the_o quotient_n will_v be_v 11._o l._n and_o the_o 3._o remain_v will_v be_v 6._o ounce_n the_o like_a in_o all_o kind_n may_v be_v do_v for_o stoneshot_a by_o the_o rule_n of_o 3._o only_a say_v if_o 48._o the_o proportion_n of_o iron_n give_v 202._o ounce_n what_o shall_v 18._o the_o proportion_n for_o stone_n give_v 76._o ounce_n which_o be_v 4._o l._n and_o 12._o ounce_n for_o the_o weight_n of_o the_o stoneshot_a which_o be_v 4._o inch_n 1_o 2._o in_o height_n now_o to_o proceed_v in_o our_o discourse_n the_o powder_n and_o length_n be_v consider_v of_o the_o piece_n and_o the_o bullet_n weight_n observe_v to_o the_o end_n that_o a_o convenient_a proportion_n of_o powder_n be_v find_v answerable_a to_o the_o heaviness_n or_o lightness_n of_o the_o bullet_n for_o if_o one_o proportion_n of_o powder_n shall_v be_v take_v for_o the_o three_o several_a weight_n of_o bullet_n be_v of_o divers_a metal_n as_o this_o table_n do_v distinguish_v the_o disproportion_n between_o iron_n lead_v and_o stone_n there_o will_v prove_v a_o infinite_a variation_n and_o confusion_n as_o mr._n norton_n well_o observe_v that_o a_o man_n hand_n be_v able_a to_o throw_v a_o weight_n of_o four_o pound_n lead_v further_o than_o a_o weight_n of_o 20._o pound_n of_o iron_n or_o then_o two_o pound_n of_o feather_n 36._o as_o he_o exemplify_v it_o by_o a_o saker_n have_v make_v 3._o shot_n the_o proportion_n of_o powder_n be_v 12._o pound_n as_o the_o leaden_a shot_n weigh_v in_o this_o case_n the_o shot_n of_o lead_n will_v out-range_a the_o other_o two_o and_o that_o of_o iron_n will_v out-range_a that_o of_o stone_n but_o the_o quantity_n of_o powder_n be_v alter_v to_o 8._o pound_n as_o the_o iron_n shot_n weigh_v then_o the_o iron_n will_v out-range_a the_o lead_n and_o the_o 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the_o outermost_a file_n have_v present_v to_o the_o right_n the_o rest_n of_o the_o body_n continue_v the_o march_n whilst_o they_o in_o the_o mean_a time_n be_v give_v fire_n which_o be_v do_v and_o the_o body_n clear_a the_o next_o outmost_a file_n present_v the_o file_n that_o last_o fire_v in_o the_o interim_n face_v to_o the_o left_a after_o their_o proper_a file-leader_n who_o lead_v they_o cross_v the_o rear_n both_o of_o musket_n and_o pike_n a_o good_a round_a pace_n sleeve_v they_o upon_o the_o outside_n of_o the_o left_a flank_n of_o pike_n the_o next_o file_n have_v in_o like_a manner_n fire_v do_v also_o troop_n up_o on_o the_o outside_n of_o the_o file_n lead_v off_o before_o every_o file_n have_v give_v fire_n and_o place_v themselves_o as_o before_o be_v describe_v then_o the_o pike_n may_v charge_v have_v â—â—â—en_o fire_n to_o the_o right_a flank_n and_o draw_v all_o your_o shot_n upon_o the_o left_a â—â—nke_n you_o may_v cause_v they_o in_o like_a sort_n to_o give_v fire_n on_o the_o left_a flank_n 〈◊〉_d bring_v they_o back_o again_o to_o the_o right_a flank_n by_o which_o mean_n they_o will_v be_v reduce_v into_o their_o first_o form_n or_o if_o you_o will_v reduce_v they_o without_o fire_v then_o either_o pass_v your_o musquetier_n through_o between_o your_o rank_n of_o pike_n or_o else_o let_v your_o whole_a division_n of_o shot_n be_v draw_v cross_n either_o the_o front_n or_o rear_n of_o pike_n into_o their_o place_n or_o if_o you_o please_v your_o shot_n may_v give_v fire_n in_o flank_n by_o division_n the_o first_o fire_n sleeve_v on_o the_o left_a flank_n the_o rest_n of_o the_o file_n still_o fall_v between_o the_o pike_n and_o the_o musquetier_n that_o wheel_v off_o before_o the_o last_o before_o they_o and_o this_o be_v a_o very_a good_a way_n of_o fire_v and_o may_v be_v reduce_v with_o do_v the_o same_o way_n back_o again_o musquetier_n give_v fire_n to_o the_o right_n march_v up_o between_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o pike_n the_o five_o way_n of_o fire_v in_o a_o flank_n describe_v and_o bring_v they_o off_o between_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o pike_n be_v to_o be_v use_v at_o such_o time_n when_o as_o you_o will_v secure_v your_o shot_n from_o the_o enemy_n horse_n there_o be_v no_o other_o natural_a strength_n to_o defend_v they_o and_o upon_o occasion_n you_o may_v draw_v three_o or_o four_o file_n of_o pike_n more_o or_o less_o according_a to_o your_o number_n or_o the_o danger_n across_o the_o musquetier_n both_o in_o front_n and_o rear_n which_o 〈◊〉_d in_o the_o midst_n betwixt_o the_o pike_n which_o may_v serve_v for_o a_o impalement_n 〈◊〉_d defend_v the_o shot_n both_o in_o front_n and_o rear_n as_o in_o flank_n the_o form_n â—f_o this_o battle_n be_v after_o this_o manner_n the_o shot_n be_v place_v upon_o the_o right_a â—â—ing_n of_o the_o pike_n as_o be_v describe_v in_o the_o former_a firing_n and_o the_o pike_n be_v divide_v in_o the_o middlemost_a file_n leave_v such_o a_o proportionable_a distance_n as_o may_v convenient_o receive_v all_o the_o file_n of_o shot_n after_o they_o have_v fire_v the_o word_n of_o command_n and_o direction_n you_o shall_v find_v place_v in_o the_o margin_n the_o command_n be_v give_v for_o the_o outermost_a file_n to_o present_v to_o the_o right_n as_o former_o be_v show_v in_o the_o other_o firing_n in_o the_o flank_n the_o rest_n of_o the_o body_n still_o march_v on_o until_o that_o the_o outermost_a file_n have_v fire_v and_o be_v face_v to_o the_o leave_v again_o follow_v their_o leader_n he_o now_o lead_v they_o off_o to_o the_o left_a march_v up_o in_o the_o distance_n which_o be_v make_v between_o the_o middlemost_a file_n of_o pike_n who_o be_v then_o to_o open_a to_o the_o right_n and_o
be_v a_o powerful_a army_n in_o the_o heart_n of_o the_o kingdom_n to_o have_v keep_v they_o in_o obedience_n that_o they_o may_v have_v strengthen_v their_o deject_a conceit_n upon_o their_o hope_n of_o victory_n which_o may_v possible_o have_v be_v gain_v by_o this_o army_n the_o lord_n spiritual_a and_o temporal_a will_v never_o have_v yield_v themselves_o with_o the_o city_n of_o london_n to_o the_o mercy_n of_o the_o conqueror_n but_o this_o be_v only_o by_o the_o way_n now_o these_o troop_n of_o dragoone_n be_v well_o exercise_v and_o practise_v as_o they_o ought_v let_v any_o sensible_a man_n judge_v if_o they_o shall_v not_o prove_v in_o time_n of_o need_n most_o useful_a in_o regard_n of_o their_o speedy_a march_n chap._n cxix_o the_o order_n of_o exercise_v a_o horse_n troop_n in_o their_o motion_n be_v draw_v in_o battalion_n to_o pretermit_v all_o further_a circumstance_n presuppose_v that_o every_o soldier_n be_v perfect_a in_o his_o posture_n it_o be_v now_o high_a time_n to_o draw_v out_o in_o battalion_n as_o before_o be_v demonstrate_v that_o they_o may_v the_o better_o be_v exercise_v in_o grose_n and_o the_o more_o commodious_o teach_v their_o motion_n which_o every_o soldier_n use_v silence_n be_v to_o perform_v according_a as_o he_o shall_v be_v command_v as_o this_o follow_a figure_n do_v demonstrate_v where_o note_v there_o be_v â—20_n horse_n draw_v in_o battalion_n ready_a to_o be_v exercise_v and_o stand_v at_o their_o open_a order_n of_o six_o foot_n be_v the_o space_n of_o ground_n allow_v between_o horse_n and_o horse_n front_n command_v h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o right_a flank_n rear_n be_v as_o you_o be_v command_v to_o the_o left_a hand_n command_v as_o you_o be_v command_v front_n h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o rear_n to_o the_o left_a hand_n about_n be_v to_o the_o right_a hand_n about_o as_o you_o be_v h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_o h_n rank_n to_o the_o right_a hand_n double_a be_v rank_n as_o you_o be_v advance_v hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh_o o_o o_o o_o o_o o_o o_o o_o o_o o_o o_o o_o o_o o_o o_o o_o o_o o_o o_o o_o o_o hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh_o o_o o_o o_o o_o o_o o_o o_o o_o o_o o_o o_o o_o o_o o_o o_o o_o o_o o_o o_o o_o hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh_o o_o o_o o_o o_o o_o o_o o_o o_o o_o o_o o_o o_o o_o o_o o_o o_o o_o o_o o_o o_o rank_n to_o the_o left_a hand_n double_a be_v rank_n as_o you_o be_v hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh_o o_o o_o o_o o_o o_o o_o o_o o_o o_o o_o o_o o_o o_o o_o o_o o_o o_o o_o o_o o_o hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh_o o_o o_o o_o o_o o_o o_o o_o o_o o_o o_o o_o o_o o_o o_o o_o o_o o_o o_o o_o o_o hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh_o o_o o_o o_o o_o o_o o_o o_o o_o o_o o_o o_o o_o o_o o_o o_o o_o o_o o_o o_o o_o file_n to_o the_o right_a hand_n double_a command_v file_n to_o the_o left_a hand_n as_o you_o be_v 29_o 19_o 18_o 17_o 16_o 15_o 14_o 13_o 12_o 11_o 10_o 9_o 8_o 7_o 6_o 5_o 4_o 3_o 2_o 1_o o_o h_n o_o h_n o_o h_n o_o h_n o_o h_n o_o h_n o_o h_n o_o h_n o_o h_n o_o h_n h_n o_o h_o o_o h_o o_o h_o o_o h_o o_o h_o o_o h_o o_o h_o o_o h_o o_o h_o o_o h_o o_o h_o o_o h_o o_o h_o o_o h_o o_o h_o o_o h_o o_o h_o o_o h_o h_o o_o h_o o_o h_o o_o h_o o_o h_o o_o h_o o_o h_o o_o h_o o_o h_o o_o h_o o_o h_o o_o h_o o_o h_o o_o h_o o_o h_o o_o h_o o_o h_o o_o h_o o_o h_o h_o o_o h_o o_o h_o o_o h_o o_o h_o o_o h_o o_o h_o o_o h_o o_o h_o o_o h_o o_o h_o o_o h_o o_o h_o o_o h_o o_o h_o o_o h_o o_o h_o o_o h_o o_o h_o h_o o_o h_o o_o h_o o_o h_o o_o h_o o_o h_o o_o h_o o_o h_o o_o h_o o_o h_o o_o h_o o_o h_o o_o h_o o_o h_o o_o h_o o_o h_o o_o h_o o_o h_o o_o h_o h_o o_o h_o o_o h_o o_o h_o o_o h_o o_o h_o o_o h_o o_o h_o o_o h_o o_o h_o o_o h_o o_o h_o o_o h_o o_o h_o o_o h_o o_o h_o o_o h_o o_o h_o o_o h_o h_o o_o h_o o_o h_o o_o h_o o_o h_o o_o h_o o_o h_o o_o h_o o_o h_o file_n to_o the_o left_a hand_n double_a command_v file_n as_o you_o be_v or_o rank_n to_o the_o right_a hand_n double_a 1_o 2_o 3_o 4_o 5_o 6_o 7_o 8_o 9_o 10_o 11_o 12_o 13_o 14_o 15_o 16_o 17_o 18_o 19_o 20_o h_n â—_o h_o â—_o h_o â—_o h_o â—_o h_o â—_o h_o â—_o h_o â—_o h_o â—_o h_o â—_o h_o â—_o h_o o_o h_o o_o h_o o_o h_o o_o h_o o_o h_o o_o h_o o_o h_o o_o h_o o_o h_o o_o h_o o_o h_o o_o h_o o_o h_o o_o h_o o_o h_o o_o h_o o_o h_o o_o h_o o_o h_o o_o h_o o_o h_o o_o h_o o_o h_o o_o h_o o_o h_o o_o h_o o_o h_o o_o h_o o_o h_o o_o h_o o_o h_o o_o h_o o_o h_o o_o h_o o_o h_o o_o h_o o_o h_o o_o h_o o_o h_o o_o h_o o_o h_o o_o h_o o_o h_o o_o h_o o_o h_o o_o h_o o_o h_o o_o h_o o_o h_o o_o h_o o_o h_o o_o h_o o_o h_o o_o h_o o_o h_o o_o h_o o_o h_o o_o h_o o_o h_o o_o h_o o_o h_o o_o h_o o_o h_o o_o h_o o_o h_o o_o h_o o_o h_o o_o h_o o_o h_o o_o h_o o_o h_o o_o h_o o_o h_o o_o h_o o_o h_o o_o h_o o_o h_o o_o h_o o_o h_o o_o h_o o_o h_o o_o h_o o_o h_o o_o h_o o_o h_o o_o h_o o_o h_o o_o h_o o_o h_o o_o h_o o_o h_o o_o h_o o_o h_o o_o h_o o_o h_o o_o h_o o_o h_o o_o h_o o_o h_o o_o h_o o_o h_o o_o h_o o_o h_o o_o h_o o_o h_o o_o h_o o_o h_o o_o h_o o_o h_o o_o half_a file_n to_o the_o right_a hand_n double_v your_o front_n be_v half_n file_n as_o you_o be_v advance_v hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh_o hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh_o hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh_o o_o o_o o_o o_o o_o o_o o_o o_o o_o o_o o_o o_o o_o o_o o_o o_o o_o o_o o_o o_o o_o o_o o_o o_o o_o o_o o_o o_o o_o o_o o_o o_o o_o o_o o_o o_o o_o o_o o_o o_o o_o o_o o_o o_o o_o o_o o_o
scipio_n battle_n they_o have_v be_v enclose_v and_o so_o charge_v on_o every_o side_n by_o this_o stratagem_n scipio_n get_v the_o victory_n chap._n clix_o a_o politic_n stratagem_n which_o titus_n didus_n make_v use_v of_o to_o prevent_v his_o enemy_n from_o encounter_v with_o his_o fresh_a supply_n that_o be_v come_v to_o assist_v he_o titus_n didus_fw-la have_v divers_a force_n march_v towards_o his_o camp_n to_o strengthen_v his_o army_n whereof_o his_o enemy_n be_v inform_v prepare_v to_o encounter_v they_o upon_o the_o way_n and_o to_o cut_v they_o off_o whereupon_o titus_n didus_n have_v certain_a prisoner_n of_o the_o enemy_n he_o give_v out_o in_o their_o presence_n that_o every_o man_n shall_v be_v in_o a_o readiness_n to_o give_v battle_n the_o next_o morning_n to_o the_o enemy_n and_o withal_o take_v a_o occasion_n to_o let_v the_o prisoner_n go_v to_o their_o quarter_n who_o declare_v that_o didus_n have_v give_v order_n for_o a_o battle_n the_o next_o morn_n whereupon_o the_o enemy_n be_v afraid_a to_o diminish_v their_o force_n and_o dare_v not_o go_v to_o encounter_v the_o soldier_n of_o titus_n by_o this_o policy_n they_o arrive_v at_o his_o camp_n in_o safety_n which_o otherwise_o can_v not_o possible_o have_v be_v without_o the_o loss_n of_o most_o of_o they_o chap._n clx_o a_o policy_n of_o hannibal_n to_o bring_v the_o roman_n into_o jealousy_n of_o their_o general_n fabius_n maximus_n that_o thereby_o he_o may_v work_v his_o own_o end_n haniball_n have_v pillage_v and_o burn_v all_o the_o field_n about_o rome_n he_o only_o cause_v to_o be_v reserve_v safe_a the_o field_n and_o good_n of_o fabius_n maximus_n to_o cause_v a_o jealousy_n to_o arise_v that_o there_o be_v some_o friendship_n betwixt_o the_o enemy_n and_o he_o by_o this_o mean_v fabius_n be_v not_o be_v trust_v also_o metellus_n to_o have_v a_o army_n against_o jugurth_n all_o the_o ambassador_n that_o jugurth_n send_v he_o be_v require_v by_o metellus_n give_v unto_o he_o their_o general_n prisoner_n and_o after_o to_o the_o very_a same_o man_n he_o write_v letter_n to_o the_o same_o effect_n which_o wrought_v they_o such_o discredit_n that_o in_o short_a time_n jugurth_n have_v all_o his_o counsellor_n in_o suspicion_n and_o put_v they_o to_o death_n the_o like_a be_v practise_v by_o the_o roman_n upon_o hannibal_n when_o he_o flee_v to_o antiochus_n their_o orator_n write_v to_o he_o so_o frequent_o and_o familiar_o that_o antiochus_n suspect_v he_o and_o will_v not_o put_v confidence_n in_o his_o counsel_n chap._n clxi_o a_o politic_n stratagem_n whereby_o a_o army_n have_v be_v dishearten_v in_o time_n of_o battle_n which_o have_v cause_v their_o overthrow_n at_o muscleborough-field_n there_o be_v a_o policy_n use_v to_o cause_v a_o rumour_n to_o be_v spread_v in_o the_o enemy_n battle_n that_o their_o general_n be_v slay_v and_o some_o part_n of_o the_o troop_n defeat_v and_o put_v to_o flight_n at_o this_o the_o enemy_n be_v so_o amaze_v in_o the_o midst_n of_o their_o fight_n that_o they_o give_v way_n and_o break_v their_o rank_n titus_n quintus_z do_v practise_v the_o like_a but_o this_o must_v be_v act_v in_o that_o part_n of_o the_o army_n where_o the_o general_n be_v not_o to_o be_v see_v chap._n clxii_o a_o politic_n stratagem_n use_v by_o labienus_n in_o france_n whereby_o he_o vanquish_v his_o enemy_n army_n march_v over_o a_o river_n labienus_n in_o france_n see_v his_o enemy_n desirous_a to_o pass_v a_o river_n to_o present_v he_o battle_n he_o counterfeit_v that_o he_o fear_v their_o poteâ—â—cy_n and_o feign_v to_o march_v away_o yet_o leave_v secret_a ambush_n which_o give_v labienus_n intelligence_n that_o a_o good_a part_n of_o the_o enemy_n army_n be_v pass_v over_o the_o river_n he_o sudden_o return_v and_o defeat_v they_o before_o the_o residue_n can_v get_v over_o to_o their_o rescue_n chap._n clxiii_o a_o policy_n whereby_o a_o army_n may_v pass_v over_o a_o river_n in_o safety_n when_o the_o enemy_n attend_v the_o advantage_n to_o ruin_v they_o qvintus_n lutatius_n in_o his_o war_n against_o cimbry_n be_v close_o pursue_v even_o to_o the_o side_n of_o a_o river_n where_o either_o he_o must_v pass_v or_o receive_v battle_n wherefore_o he_o settle_v his_o army_n down_o by_o the_o river_n side_n and_o entrench_v himself_o set_v up_o some_o tent_n and_o send_v abroad_o for_o fortage_n as_o though_o he_o mean_v indeed_o to_o stay_v by_o it_o the_o enemy_n believe_v the_o same_o do_v in_o like_a manner_n encamp_v his_o army_n and_o send_v out_o his_o soldier_n likewise_o for_o provision_n lutatius_n make_v use_n of_o the_o cimbryes_n negligence_n the_o night_n ensue_a sudden_o pass_v the_o river_n with_o his_o army_n before_o the_o enemy_n can_v dislodge_v and_o draw_v his_o man_n in_o order_n to_o give_v they_o battle_n chap._n clxiiii_o a_o excellent_a policy_n for_o a_o general_n to_o put_v off_o a_o people_n that_o he_o be_v in_o league_n withal_o and_o desire_v his_o assistance_n the_o athenian_n and_o lacedaemonian_n desire_v assistance_n of_o gelon_n the_o son_n of_o dinomenes_n he_o be_v general_n over_o the_o siracusian_o against_o xerxes_n who_o have_v past_o the_o hellespont_n with_o his_o mighty_a army_n unto_o which_o gelon_n consent_v and_o under_o a_o colour_n of_o his_o willingness_n levy_v thirty_o thousand_o soldier_n and_o two_o hundred_o ship_n to_o do_v they_o service_n conditional_o that_o they_o shall_v make_v he_o general_n of_o one_o of_o their_o army_n either_o by_o sea_n or_o land_n which_o they_o refuse_v to_o do_v but_o afterward_o upon_o better_a consideration_n they_o yield_v to_o his_o proposition_n and_o to_o that_o purpose_n send_v their_o ambassador_n to_o who_o he_o return_v this_o answer_n that_o may_n be_v past_a and_o the_o spring_n wither_v chap._n clxv_o the_o policy_n of_o vigetius_n to_o convey_v foot-troope_n over_o a_o river_n that_o be_v passable_a so_o that_o the_o stream_n shall_v not_o offend_v they_o vigetius_n have_v a_o rule_n in_o pass_v a_o river_n that_o be_v wadeable_a if_o the_o stream_n be_v violent_a and_o swift_a to_o cause_v certain_a horseman_n to_o cross_v the_o river_n in_o two_o place_n leave_v a_o lane_n between_o they_o for_o the_o soldier_n to_o pass_v the_o one_o rank_n of_o horse_n be_v to_o break_v the_o strength_n of_o the_o water_n and_o the_o other_o rank_n below_o be_v to_o sustain_v the_o soldier_n chap._n clxvi_o how_o by_o a_o politic_a device_n the_o hollander_n obtain_v a_o convenient_a piece_n of_o ground_n from_o their_o enemy_n upon_o which_o they_o build_v the_o sconce_n call_v skinke_v which_o can_v not_o be_v gain_v by_o force_n of_o arm_n thâ—_n hollander_n have_v sound_n a_o certain_a piece_n of_o ground_n very_o convenient_a to_o raise_v a_o fort_n in_o it_o which_o may_v be_v make_v impregnable_a it_o be_v a_o point_n of_o ground_n lie_v between_o two_o mighty_a river_n the_o wale_n and_o the_o leck_n they_o know_v not_o how_o to_o obtain_v it_o in_o regard_n divers_a of_o the_o enemy_n strong_a hold_v border_v upon_o it_o which_o will_v have_v beat_v they_o off_o have_v they_o presume_v to_o have_v enter_v it_o and_o beside_o they_o be_v loath_a the_o enemy_n shall_v take_v notice_n that_o the_o place_n be_v so_o convenient_a for_o that_o purpose_n as_o they_o know_v it_o to_o be_v for_o it_o cut_v off_o all_o relief_n by_o water_n that_o all_o the_o adjacent_a town_n be_v accommodate_v with_o wherefore_o they_o plot_v with_o a_o country_n fellow_n name_v skincke_n to_o hire_v that_o piece_n of_o land_n to_o feed_v colt_n in_o it_o and_o for_o to_o keep_v they_o from_o stray_v out_o he_o be_v to_o raise_v a_o wall_n with_o a_o great_a ditch_n from_o one_o river_n to_o another_o which_o be_v about_o 400_o rod_n this_o being_n finish_v the_o hollander_n come_v sail_v up_o the_o river_n by_o night_n with_o certain_a troop_n which_o they_o land_v there_o and_o by_o the_o strength_n of_o that_o ditch_n and_o rampart_n they_o beat_v off_o the_o enemy_n for_o they_o have_v no_o other_o passage_n but_o thereby_o until_o they_o have_v build_v the_o sconce_n which_o be_v now_o call_v by_o the_o name_n skinke_v sconce_n so_o famous_a for_o the_o late_a siege_n chap._n clxvii_o hanibal_n politic_a observation_n in_o place_v his_o battle_n upon_o advantage_n haniball_n against_o the_o roman_n in_o the_o battle_n of_o cannae_n have_v get_v the_o advantage_n from_o the_o enemy_n both_o of_o sun_n and_o wind_n and_o have_v imbattel_v his_o army_n upon_o the_o high_a ground_n these_o three_o thing_n be_v to_o be_v principal_o consider_v as_o coadjutor_n in_o a_o victorious_a skirmish_n the_o like_a do_v mâ—â—rius_n against_o the_o cimbrian_o by_o which_o he_o obtain_v a_o honourable_a conquest_n chap._n clxviii_o a_o policy_n use_v by_o pyrrhus_n whereby_o he_o delude_v the_o lacedaemonian_n that_o his_o design_n
to_o march_v before_o the_o foot_n it_o and_o before_o they_o certain_a spy_n to_o discover_v for_o fear_v of_o the_o enemy_n ambush_n if_o march_v from_o a_o enemy_n the_o horse-troop_n be_v to_o follow_v in_o the_o rear_n of_o the_o army_n to_o charge_v the_o enemy_n if_o he_o offer_v to_o pursue_v a_o army_n march_v through_o straight_a lane_n must_v order_v their_o man_n into_o so_o many_o file_n as_o may_v well_o march_v a_o breast_n a_o army_n be_v to_o march_v over_o heath_n or_o plain_n than_o they_o must_v march_v by_o division_n as_o namely_o three_o or_o four_o company_n a_o breast_n that_o they_o may_v the_o ready_a and_o more_o sudden_o be_v draw_v into_o battalion_n a_o army_n be_v common_o divide_v into_o three_o division_n viz._n the_o vanguard_n battle_n and_o rearguard_n every_o colonel_n ought_v to_o march_v according_a to_o his_o antiquity_n one_o before_o another_o after_o like_o manner_n every_o captain_n of_o every_o colonel_n regiment_n be_v to_o do_v the_o same_o that_o regiment_n which_o march_v in_o the_o vanguard_n the_o first_o day_n danger_n aught_o to_o come_v to_o their_o quarter_n very_o timely_a than_o the_o battle_n must_v march_v forward_o and_o be_v quarter_v beyond_o they_o then_o the_o rear-ward_n be_v to_o march_v up_o beyond_o the_o battle_n and_o there_o to_o be_v quarter_v so_o that_o the_o next_o morn_n it_o may_v be_v ready_a at_o the_o discharge_n of_o the_o warn_a piece_n to_o march_v note_v that_o regiment_n which_o march_v the_o first_o day_n in_o the_o van_n the_o day_n follow_v be_v to_o march_v in_o the_o rear_n and_o they_o be_v daily_o thus_o to_o take_v their_o turn_n if_o the_o march_n continue_v long_o we_o be_v further_a to_o observe_v whether_o we_o be_v to_o march_v in_o the_o day_n time_n or_o in_o the_o night_n and_o according_o we_o be_v to_o demean_v ourselves_o if_o by_o day_n the_o manner_n now_o in_o use_n be_v to_o send_v out_o before_o the_o army_n by_o a_o sufficient_a trusty_a guide_n which_o know_v well_o the_o passage_n of_o the_o country_n certain_a firelock_n dragon_n and_o musketire_v to_o discover_v the_o enemy_n and_o the_o horse_n be_v to_o repress_v the_o enemy_n incursion_n these_o be_v likewise_o to_o surprise_v straight_o way_n bridge_n and_o ford_n next_o after_o these_o be_v the_o pioner_n to_o march_v with_o a_o good_a guard_n to_o mend_v the_o way_n and_o to_o cut_v through_o passage_n so_o as_o the_o ordnance_n may_v be_v draw_v safe_a and_o the_o army_n march_v the_o best_a and_o near_a way_n the_o foot_n of_o the_o vanguard_n or_o right_a wing_n be_v in_o the_o next_o place_n to_o follow_v every_o battalion_n thereof_o in_o their_o due_a order_n the_o one_o half_a of_o the_o horse_n of_o the_o army_n before_o they_o and_o all_o their_o baggage_n or_o carriage_n behind_o they_o in_o the_o rear_n the_o battalion_n of_o the_o battle_n be_v in_o the_o next_o place_n to_o follow_v in_o the_o same_o equipage_n the_o former_a do_v viz._n with_o all_o their_o baggage_n and_o carriage_n in_o the_o rear_n last_o the_o battalion_n of_o the_o rearward_n or_o leave_v wing_n be_v to_o follow_v in_o march_n with_o all_o their_o baggage_n and_o carriage_n behind_o they_o also_o and_o every_o one_o of_o these_o battalion_n be_v to_o have_v their_o shot_n before_o and_o behind_o and_o the_o residue_n of_o the_o horse_n be_v to_o bring_v up_o the_o rear_n the_o ordnance_n be_v to_o be_v distribute_v as_o the_o carriage_n be_v viz._n both_o behind_o the_o vanguard_n the_o battle_n and_o the_o rear-ward_n the_o better_a to_o secure_v against_o all_o attempt_n but_o this_o kind_n of_o order_v the_o horse_n the_o ordnance_n and_o the_o baggage_n be_v most_o common_o use_v when_o the_o enemy_n be_v not_o at_o hand_n as_o for_o the_o march_v of_o a_o army_n by_o night_n all_o the_o baggage_n and_o carriage_n be_v to_o be_v send_v before_o the_o army_n with_o a_o sufficient_a guard_n next_o after_o they_o your_o pike-man_n than_o the_o musketire_v and_o all_o the_o horse_n in_o the_o rear_n so_o that_o by_o break_v of_o day_n they_o may_v come_v all_o together_o to_o their_o rendevou_n this_o way_n a_o army_n in_o the_o night_n be_v best_a and_o easily_a keep_v together_o and_o be_v soon_o espy_v if_o it_o falter_v but_o this_o be_v also_o to_o be_v use_v when_o the_o enemy_n be_v not_o near_o we_o be_v to_o observe_v that_o in_o a_o march_n both_o colonel_n captain_n and_o other_o inferior_a officer_n be_v call_v from_o the_o lead_n of_o their_o own_o regiment_n and_o company_n to_o command_v in_o another_o regiment_n or_o company_n which_o many_o time_n happen_v in_o regard_n the_o general_n will_v have_v the_o elder_a colonel_n by_o he_o to_o discourse_v and_o advise_v of_o thing_n material_a about_o the_o war_n so_o that_o a_o lieutenant_n colonel_n command_v a_o regiment_n and_o the_o elder_a captain_n the_o colonel_n company_n also_o a_o lieutenant_n to_o command_v a_o private_a company_n and_o these_o be_v thus_o order_v and_o dispose_v as_o it_o shall_v please_v the_o serjeant-major_a to_o give_v commandment_n a_o army_n be_v thus_o orderly_o march_v to_o the_o place_n of_o their_o inquarter_n the_o general_n his_o field-martiall_n and_o serjeant-major_a general_n be_v to_o be_v very_o wise_a and_o circumspect_a in_o place_v the_o horse-guard_n outermost_a of_o all_o upon_o special_a passage_n where_o they_o must_v set_v out_o their_o horse-sentinel_n a_o good_a distance_n from_o the_o guard_n that_o they_o may_v the_o better_o discover_v and_o give_v warning_n of_o the_o enemy_n approach_n by_o make_v a_o alarm_n by_o the_o discharge_n of_o their_o pistol_n so_o that_o the_o whole_a army_n may_v present_o be_v in_o arm_n the_o foot-sentinel_n be_v to_o stand_v upon_o some_o passage_n near_o to_o the_o quarter_n than_o the_o horse_n be_v upon_o alarm_n give_v it_o all_o the_o company_n of_o the_o army_n be_v speedy_o to_o march_v into_o some_o convenient_a place_n appoint_v by_o the_o general_n over_o night_n where_o every_o company_n be_v to_o be_v draw_v into_o battalion_n fit_a to_o charge_v the_o enemy_n and_o as_o before_o i_o have_v say_v how_o the_o foot_n shall_v march_v in_o division_n over_o a_o heath_n or_o plain_n after_o the_o same_o proportion_n the_o horse-troop_n also_o be_v to_o march_v in_o division_n viz._n two_o four_o or_o six_o cornet_n in_o a_o division_n neither_o division_n of_o horse_n nor_o foot_n be_v to_o march_v in_o far_a distance_n one_o from_o the_o other_o but_o so_o as_o the_o whole_a army_n sudden_o may_v join_v in_o battle_n if_o the_o enemy_n shall_v approach_v at_o every_o stand_v the_o army_n make_v upon_o a_o heath_n or_o plain_n every_o single_a division_n be_v to_o march_v up_o and_o front_v with_o the_o next_o division_n before_o it_o upon_o the_o left_a hand_n of_o the_o same_o and_o if_o the_o stay_v be_v long_o and_o the_o place_n dangerous_a then_o successive_o all_o the_o division_n be_v to_o be_v draw_v into_o a_o complete_a battle_n after_o this_o very_a manner_n the_o army_n must_v be_v demean_v in_o march_v off_o from_o a_o heath_n or_o plaine_n if_o the_o enemy_n chase_v they_o in_o the_o rear_n think_v to_o take_v a_o advantage_n when_o the_o army_n shall_v be_v draw_v out_o by_o company_n to_o march_v through_o some_o narrow_a passage_n lane_n or_o highway_n the_o horse_n be_v to_o be_v draw_v in_o battalion_n in_o the_o rear_n of_o these_o troop_n to_o receive_v the_o charge_n of_o the_o enemy_n until_o such_o time_n as_o all_o the_o foot_n troop_n be_v march_v through_o those_o straits_n where_o have_v convenient_a ground_n they_o be_v to_o re-imbattell_a themselves_o to_o entertain_v the_o enemy_n charge_n if_o he_o dare_v adventure_n to_o follow_v but_o the_o safe_a way_n be_v if_o a_o army_n can_v eschew_v rec._n but_o must_v break_v his_o array_n to_o march_v from_o a_o enemy_n through_o a_o straight_a he_o be_v ready_a to_o take_v his_o advantage_n to_o charge_v they_o then_o to_o give_v they_o battle_n if_o your_o army_n be_v equivalent_a in_o strength_n be_v the_o safe_a way_n if_o not_o then_o to_o entrench_v the_o army_n secure_o wait_v a_o opportunity_n and_o make_v use_n of_o some_o policy_n to_o get_v safe_o from_o they_o if_o a_o army_n be_v weak_a in_o horse_n than_o the_o enemy_n army_n be_v it_o be_v very_o dangerous_a to_o march_v over_o the_o plain_n but_o rather_o take_v some_o hilly_a rocky_a way_n whereby_o the_o enemy_n horse_n shall_v be_v unprofitable_a the_o enemy_n be_v near_o at_o hand_n the_o best_a way_n be_v to_o have_v the_o artillery_n and_o baggage_n to_o march_v on_o the_o contrary_a side_n from_o the_o enemy_n in_o all_o straits_n and_o in_o champion_n to_o be_v place_v in_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o army_n in_o extremity_n of_o hot_a weather_n the_o
sutler_n belong_v to_o every_o company_n may_v march_v with_o their_o wagon_n between_o the_o company_n whereby_o they_o may_v the_o soon_o be_v relieve_v with_o meat_n and_o drink_n which_o otherwise_o they_o can_v come_v unto_o but_o once_o a_o day_n but_o this_o must_v be_v when_o there_o be_v no_o fear_n of_o the_o enemy_n it_o be_v requisite_a to_o have_v good_a guide_n for_o direction_n of_o the_o best_a and_o safe_a way_n likewise_o those_o horseman_n that_o be_v command_v to_o be_v vant-currers_a for_o the_o discover_n of_o the_o enemy_n their_o duty_n be_v also_o to_o view_v the_o passage_n and_o to_o take_v notice_n of_o the_o breadth_n of_o every_o straight_a way_n the_o quarter-master_n be_v to_o do_v the_o same_o and_o to_o give_v intelligence_n that_o the_o army_n may_v march_v according_o as_o for_o example_n suppose_v the_o way_n be_v eighteen_o foot_n broad_a the_o army_n must_v be_v command_v to_o march_v six_o man_n in_o rank_n or_o breast_n because_o every_o footman_n will_v have_v three_o foot_n in_o breadth_n between_o file_n and_o file_n and_o six_o foot_n at_o the_o least_o between_o rank_n and_o rank_a so_o that_o twenty_o four_o foot_n in_o breadth_n and_o four_o mile_n in_o length_n will_v but_o contain_v a_o army_n march_v of_o three_o or_o four_o and_o twenty_o thousand_o when_o a_o army_n be_v constrain_v to_o march_v thus_o in_o length_n the_o straight_a passage_n hinder_v from_o march_v in_o division_n may_v prove_v very_o dangerous_a if_o extraordinary_a intelligence_n be_v not_o hourly_o have_v of_o the_o enemy_n proceed_n for_o shall_v a_o enemy_n watch_v his_o opportunity_n to_o fall_v on_o the_o front_n flank_n or_o rear_n of_o the_o army_n there_o can_v be_v very_o little_a help_n expect_v for_o the_o front_n be_v not_o able_a to_o succour_v the_o rear_n no_o more_o than_o the_o rear_n can_v the_o front_n and_o be_v charge_v upon_o the_o flank_n there_o can_v be_v but_o a_o poor_a resistance_n make_v but_o the_o best_a and_o safe_a way_n in_o such_o a_o unexpected_a danger_n be_v either_o to_o draw_v as_o many_o company_n as_o may_v possible_o be_v get_v into_o such_o close_n of_o ground_n as_o shall_v be_v strong_o fence_v and_o there_o order_v they_o in_o battalion_n where_o they_o shall_v be_v able_a to_o make_v a_o good_a resistance_n until_o the_o residue_n of_o the_o army_n provide_v for_o its_o safety_n or_o otherwise_o if_o the_o enemy_n charge_v upon_o any_o of_o the_o side_n than_o it_o be_v best_o to_o file_v all_o the_o musketire_v upon_o that_o flank_n the_o enemy_n strive_v to_o charge_n so_o that_o every_o soldier_n shall_v give_v fire_n over_o the_o hedge_n as_o he_o march_v and_o so_o pass_v along_o but_o if_o a_o enemy_n shall_v chance_v to_o break_v into_o the_o highway_n with_o their_o horse_n be_v it_o in_o the_o front_n or_o rear_n of_o the_o army_n there_o be_v no_o way_n but_o to_o barricado_n up_o the_o way_n with_o wagon_n or_o fall_v tree_n across_o the_o way_n or_o by_o fyre_v a_o great_a quantity_n of_o feare-wood_n to_o hinder_v the_o enemy_n execution_n until_o the_o army_n be_v draw_v out_o of_o the_o way_n into_o the_o field_n where_o they_o may_v so_o order_v themselves_o that_o the_o enemy_n can_v possible_o rout_n they_o if_o a_o few_o troop_n shall_v be_v assault_v by_o the_o enemy_n horse_n in_o their_o march_n the_o diamond_n battle_n or_o the_o cross_a battle_n be_v of_o great_a strength_n otherwise_o if_o a_o army_n oppose_v another_o army_n upon_o the_o plain_n than_o a_o battle_n so_o frame_v that_o most_o hand_n may_v be_v bring_v to_o fight_v and_o succour_n to_o relieve_v they_o be_v best_a always_o have_v the_o advantage_n of_o wind_n and_o sun_n with_o wood_n rock_n river_n pond_n or_o great_a ditch_n either_o on_o flank_n or_o rear_n or_o both_o it_o be_v a_o thing_n unsufferable_a for_o soldier_n to_o ramble_v from_o their_o colour_n to_o laze_v or_o pillage_n but_o to_o march_v orderly_o in_o their_o rank_n for_o the_o provost-marshall_n by_o his_o commission_n and_o authority_n ought_v to_o hang_v up_o such_o fellow_n the_o next_o bough_n they_o come_v at_o for_o the_o whole_a army_n to_o see_v and_o be_v warn_v by_o as_o they_o shall_v pass_v by_o they_o in_o their_o march_n for_o the_o inconvenience_n be_v many_o and_o dangerous_a to_o a_o army_n the_o enemy_n by_o take_v they_o gain_v intelligence_n of_o the_o state_n of_o the_o army_n beside_o the_o mischief_n which_o such_o fellow_n do_v commit_v in_o rob_v and_o pilfer_v whereby_o a_o friend-people_n will_v be_v incense_v and_o ready_a to_o be_v treache_n rous_fw-la to_o a_o army_n see_v themselves_o abuse_v and_o bereave_v of_o their_o good_n it_o be_v policy_n if_o a_o army_n march_v in_o a_o enemy_n country_n to_o ruin_v destroy_v and_o burn_v whatsoever_o may_v be_v advantageous_a to_o the_o enemy_n livelihood_n provide_v always_o sufficient_o for_o your_o own_o army_n if_o there_o shall_v be_v any_o suspicion_n that_o the_o enemy_n strive_v to_o gain_v some_o place_n of_o advantage_n to_o hinder_v the_o march_n it_o be_v convenient_a to_o send_v speedy_o certain_a horse-troope_n likewise_o shoot_v and_o pike_n upon_o bedees_n in_o manner_n of_o dragon_n or_o ten_o or_o twelve_o man_n in_o a_o waggon_n hurry_v they_o speedy_o to_o prevent_v the_o enemy_n from_o fortify_v themselves_o in_o such_o place_n of_o advantage_n the_o lord_n montpezat_n in_o his_o march_n from_o fossar_n be_v put_v to_o a_o dangerous_a plunge_n he_o be_v constrain_v to_o take_v his_o way_n through_o the_o valley_n pratgella_n the_o entrance_n into_o which_o be_v most_o difficult_a in_o regard_n the_o hill_n and_o mountain_n be_v hold_v and_o possess_v with_o the_o enemy_n whereby_o he_o lose_v divers_a of_o his_o man_n wherefore_o he_o send_v certain_a force_n under_o the_o conduct_n of_o monsieur_n dambres_n to_o get_v the_o high_a ground_n and_o force_v his_o enemy_n to_o a_o retreat_n which_o they_o do_v excellent_o perform_v by_o which_o policy_n he_o march_v safe_a without_o the_o loss_n of_o a_o man_n the_o wedge-battell_n be_v the_o absolute_a form_n to_o enter_v a_o straight_o for_o the_o shot_n come_v so_o fluent_a and_o pierce_a that_o the_o enemy_n can_v possible_o resist_v unless_o the_o passage_n be_v barricade_a up_o if_o any_o enemy_n be_v far_o strong_a both_o in_o foot_n and_o horse_n then_o thy_o army_n be_v provide_v that_o he_o assault_v thou_o not_o on_o every_o side_n but_o be_v sure_o of_o some_o place_n of_o safeguard_n as_o wood_n bogges_n or_o river_n for_o if_o the_o enemy_n be_v not_o three_o time_n as_o strong_a as_o thy_o army_n be_v he_o shall_v show_v himself_o of_o very_o poor_a judgement_n to_o divide_v his_o army_n and_o weaken_v it_o for_o to_o assault_v thou_o in_o divers_a place_n which_o may_v purchase_v his_o own_o overthrow_n machiavelli_n in_o his_o art_n of_o war_n advise_v general_n to_o accustom_v their_o soldier_n to_o march_v and_o in_o march_v to_o join_v in_o battalion_n ready_a for_o fight_v and_o so_o draw_v out_o into_o a_o march_n again_o then_o to_o face_n about_o into_o the_o rear_n and_o draw_v up_o into_o battalion_n again_o the_o like_a also_o to_o perform_v on_o either_o flank_n so_o that_o upon_o all_o occasion_n sudden_o they_o may_v understand_v to_o order_v themselves_o and_o range_v themselves_o into_o any_o form_n of_o battle_n but_o where_o there_o be_v no_o place_n of_o safeguard_n or_o advantage_n the_o quadrate_n form_n of_o imbatttel_v be_v safe_a for_o he_o dare_v not_o divide_v his_o force_n to_o charge_v that_o kind_n of_o form_n upon_o all_o side_n it_o be_v very_o commendable_a and_o very_o advantageous_a to_o the_o strengthen_n of_o our_o kingdom_n if_o every_o lord_n lieutenant_n may_v draw_v all_o the_o force_n of_o the_o shire_n together_o unto_o some_o convenient_a place_n in_o the_o midst_n of_o it_o take_v a_o convenient_a time_n of_o the_o year_n that_o neither_o hay-time_n nor_o harvest_n may_v hinder_v wheresuch_v troop_n may_v be_v draw_v into_o all_o form_n of_o battle_n and_o learn_v to_o understand_v all_o advantage_n in_o march_n if_o a_o army_n march_v through_o the_o enemy_n land_n or_o far_o from_o the_o water_n so_o that_o provision_n may_v not_o be_v convey_v by_o ship_v the_o best_a way_n be_v to_o drive_v after_o the_o army_n herd_n of_o beef_n and_o sheep_n which_o be_v alive_a can_v much_o cumber_v the_o army_n all_o other_o provision_n be_v to_o be_v convey_v by_o wagon_n a_o general_n must_v be_v very_o vigilant_a and_o circumspect_a in_o his_o march_n to_o discover_v all_o ambush_n by_o which_o he_o may_v two_o way_n incur_v danger_n viz._n either_o by_o march_v into_o they_o or_o through_o the_o enemy_n policy_n train_v into_o they_o unaware_o for_o the_o avoid_n of_o the_o first_o peril_n as_o before_o
upon_o the_o passage_n and_o how_o the_o outguarde_n be_v to_o be_v place_v with_o divers_a other_o observation_n thereunto_o belong_v have_v former_o discourse_v of_o such_o rule_n and_o observation_n as_o be_v most_o requisite_a and_o pertinent_a for_o the_o march_v of_o a_o army_n in_o this_o chapter_n i_o find_v it_o convenient_a that_o we_o shall_v show_v such_o rule_n and_o observation_n as_o be_v most_o useful_a for_o the_o secure_a encamp_a of_o a_o army_n wherein_o there_o be_v great_a wisdom_n and_o circumspection_n to_o be_v use_v in_o the_o well_o manage_v of_o the_o same_o wherefore_o first_o there_o be_v two_o thing_n offer_v to_o our_o consideration_n viz._n whether_o a_o army_n be_v to_o be_v quarter_v but_o for_o a_o night_n or_o for_o to_o be_v encamp_v for_o a_o long_a season_n and_o from_o these_o two_o question_n there_o be_v a_o three_o produce_v viz._n whether_o the_o army_n of_o your_o enemy_n be_v at_o hand_n or_o far_o remote_a now_o in_o regard_n in_o the_o former_a discourse_n of_o march_v i_o have_v touch_v brief_o the_o manner_n of_o quarter_a a_o army_n for_o a_o night_n or_o two_o upon_o a_o march_n where_o most_o usual_o no_o enemy_n be_v near_o it_o be_v then_o a_o matter_n of_o no_o such_o consequence_n as_o it_o be_v when_o a_o army_n must_v pitch_v down_o his_o quarter_n or_o entrenchment_n for_o a_o long_a season_n and_o perchance_o in_o the_o face_n of_o the_o enemy_n therefore_o i_o will_v be_v spare_v in_o the_o first_o and_o also_o be_v as_o brief_a as_o the_o subject_n will_v permit_v in_o the_o second_o viz._n the_o encamp_a a_o army_n for_o some_o long_a time_n wherein_o also_o there_o be_v two_o thing_n considerable_a viz._n the_o strength_n of_o the_o enemy_n force_n and_o the_o nearness_n of_o his_o camp_n for_o we_o must_v observe_v that_o slight_a intrenchment_n be_v of_o sufficiency_n to_o safeguard_v a_o army_n where_o the_o enemy_n be_v weak_a and_o his_o camp_n far_o remote_a in_o the_o next_o place_n we_o be_v to_o have_v a_o due_a respect_n to_o the_o situation_n and_o commodiousness_n of_o water_n wood_n forage_n for_o the_o horse_n and_o a_o safe_a and_o convenient_a recourse_n for_o to_o convey_v victual_n and_o necessary_n to_o the_o camp_n which_o must_v be_v either_o by_o land_n or_o water_n these_o thing_n be_v due_o consider_v the_o army_n be_v draw_v to_o the_o place_n of_o incampment_n stand_v in_o battalion_n the_o quartermaster_n general_n be_v direct_v by_o the_o lord_n general_n of_o the_o army_n be_v to_o lot_n out_o the_o station_n of_o ground_n for_o every_o regiment_n to_o be_v quarter_v in_o then_o the_o quartermaster_n of_o each_o particular_a regiment_n be_v to_o line_v out_o every_o particular_a company_n station_n in_o the_o regiment_n begin_v with_o the_o elder_a regiment_n and_o in_o every_o regiment_n the_o elder_a company_n which_o be_v to_o be_v place_v at_o the_o right_a hand_n and_o so_o successive_o every_o company_n according_a to_o his_o antiquity_n and_o every_o regiment_n according_a to_o they_o in_o the_o mean_a time_n the_o earl_n martial_n the_o sergeant_n major_n scout-master_n be_v to_o take_v notice_n what_o passage_n and_o place_n of_o access_n be_v whereby_o the_o enemy_n may_v approach_v to_o this_o camp_n and_o in_o the_o convenient_a place_n of_o they_o they_o be_v to_o command_v double_a guard_n both_o of_o horse_n and_o foot_n to_o be_v place_v for_o the_o secure_n of_o the_o army_n whilst_o the_o intrenchment_n be_v make_v before_o the_o principal_a work_n of_o the_o camp_n be_v to_o be_v raise_v there_o must_v be_v redouts_o speedy_o make_v upon_o all_o such_o passage_n to_o lodge_v those_o outguard_n in_o and_o for_o the_o same_o purpose_n the_o pioner_n and_o soldier_n be_v to_o make_v what_o speed_n possible_o may_v be_v these_o redout_n be_v to_o be_v make_v in_o greatness_n as_o the_o place_n require_v number_n of_o soldier_n to_o defend_v it_o viz._n upon_o a_o small_a passage_n where_o the_o enemy_n be_v not_o to_o be_v expect_v there_o a_o triangular_a redout_n sufficient_a to_o contain_v thirty_o or_o forty_o man_n be_v requisite_a if_o the_o passage_n be_v more_o dangerous_a than_o a_o fouresquare_a redout_n which_o may_v hold_v eighty_o or_o a_o hundred_o man_n but_o upon_o the_o chief_a passage_n of_o all_o either_o a_o sconce_n be_v to_o be_v build_v or_o otherwise_o two_o redout_n which_o may_v be_v either_o fouresquare_a or_o triangular_a one_o be_v raise_v upon_o one_o side_n of_o the_o way_n the_o other_o somewhat_o wide_a upon_o the_o other_o side_n of_o the_o way_n with_o the_o point_n or_o corner_n of_o the_o work_n towards_o the_o enemy_n approach_n by_o reason_n more_o hand_n may_v be_v bring_v to_o give_v fire_n upon_o they_o from_o the_o two_o side_n which_o make_v the_o angle_n or_o point_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n whilst_o this_o be_v in_o agitation_n the_o front_n of_o the_o army_n be_v to_o be_v pallizadoe_v with_o such_o stake_n as_o be_v describe_v in_o the_o discourse_n of_o warlike_a instrument_n which_o be_v to_o be_v drive_v one_o within_o a_o foot_n of_o another_o these_o shall_v keep_v off_o both_o the_o horse_n and_o the_o foot_n if_o they_o shall_v break_v through_o the_o guard_n then_o as_o soon_o as_o convenient_o may_v be_v the_o work_n be_v to_o be_v raise_v of_o the_o quarter_n and_o as_o they_o finish_v the_o pallizadoe_n be_v to_o be_v pull_v up_o again_o as_o hereafter_o in_o this_o discourse_n we_o shall_v speak_v more_o plain_o of_o the_o prince_n of_o orange_n use_v also_o many_o time_n to_o place_n redout_v more_o inward_a within_o musket-shot_a one_o of_o another_o to_o secure_v the_o camp_n the_o horse_n guard_n be_v within_o the_o outmost_a redout_n but_o their_o horse-sentinel_n be_v set_v out_o perdue_n beyond_o the_o further_a work_n and_o also_o beyond_o the_o foot-sentinel_n which_o be_v always_o place_v a_o good_a distance_n from_o the_o work_n upon_o the_o passage_n that_o they_o may_v give_v the_o alarm_n upon_o all_o occasion_n and_o so_o to_o retreat_v into_o the_o work_n no_o soldier_n during_o the_o time_n of_o his_o watch_n in_o any_o of_o these_o redout_n be_v to_o have_v his_o bandilire_n off_o from_o about_o he_o nor_o any_o pikeman_n his_o gorget_n from_o about_o his_o neck_n their_o piece_n must_v be_v likewise_o load_v with_o powder_n and_o shot_n in_o a_o continual_a readiness_n and_o a_o sentinel_n stand_v due_o upon_o the_o brest-worke_n to_o discover_v the_o enemy_n approach_n at_o which_o time_n the_o officer_n which_o command_v the_o work_n be_v to_o place_n betwixt_o each_o two_o musketire_v a_o pikeman_n to_o make_v the_o better_a defence_n those_o officer_n that_o guard_v in_o such_o redout_n seldom_o or_o never_o carry_v their_o colour_n with_o they_o but_o leave_v they_o in_o their_o quarter_n with_o a_o guard_n pass_v upon_o they_o both_o the_o captain_n and_o the_o ensign_n be_v to_o march_v with_o their_o company_n with_o each_o of_o they_o a_o pike_n these_o redout_n be_v to_o be_v relieve_v every_o night_n before_o sunset_n with_o fresh_a company_n from_o the_o main_a camp_n where_o no_o soldier_n be_v to_o pull_v off_o his_o armour_n or_o set_v down_o his_o pike_n or_o musket_n until_o they_o be_v all_o enter_v the_o work_n and_o the_o sentinel_n set_v out_o in_o their_o due_a place_n every_o several_a redout_n have_v a_o particular_a name_n to_o distinguish_v one_o from_o the_o other_o pallizadoe_v and_o the_o officer_n must_v draw_v billet_n who_o shall_v have_v the_o guard_n in_o they_o so_o that_o no_o officer_n shall_v aforehand_o know_v his_o guard_n to_o avoid_v treachery_n these_o redout_n may_v be_v pallizadoe_v to_o make_v the_o defence_n more_o strong_a against_o the_o enemy_n which_o be_v perform_v after_o this_o manner_n when_o the_o work_n be_v raise_v near_o the_o top_n then_o lay_v in_o some_o sharp_a stake_n of_o hard_a wood_n a_o yard_n into_o the_o ground_n and_o as_o much_o out_o of_o the_o ground_n three_o quarter_n of_o a_o foot_n asunder_o but_o these_o kind_n of_o work_n be_v seldom_o pallizadoe_v unless_o they_o be_v very_o great_a and_o set_v in_o dangerous_a place_n for_o assault_v now_o we_o be_v to_o show_v how_o the_o main_a quarter_n be_v to_o be_v fortify_v entrench_v wherein_o we_o be_v to_o dispose_v the_o form_n of_o it_o according_a as_o the_o situation_n shall_v direct_v we_o but_o by_o the_o way_n we_o must_v make_v sure_a that_o no_o hilly_a ground_n be_v near_o the_o quarter_n fear_v leave_v the_o enemy_n take_v it_o for_o his_o advantage_n and_o so_o annoy_v the_o camp_n with_o his_o ordnance_n if_o such_o a_o place_n shall_v be_v either_o it_o must_v be_v level_v or_o else_o a_o work_n raise_v upon_o it_o to_o defend_v it_o if_o a_o army_n may_v have_v such_o a_o advantage_n to_o be_v quarter_v near_o
in_o a_o company_n and_o not_o to_o be_v suffer_v some_o to_o be_v 200._o and_o some_o 300._o and_o some_o 150._o which_o if_o it_o must_v needs_o be_v so_o and_o may_v not_o be_v alter_v than_o i_o can_v wish_v all_o company_n to_o be_v only_o of_o the_o extent_n of_o 200._o and_o 80._o of_o they_o to_o be_v pikeman_n and_o 120._o musketire_v the_o row_n of_o less_o square_n mark_v on_o each_o side_n of_o the_o figure_n with_o the_o letter_n b._n be_v the_o hute_n for_o the_o soldier_n to_o lie_v in_o between_o the_o front_n of_o which_o and_o the_o colonel_n ground_n you_o see_v a_o large_a void_a space_n or_o distance_n which_o be_v twenty_o foot_n wide_o mark_v at_o each_o end_n the_o use_n of_o it_o be_v for_o the_o draw_v up_o of_o the_o company_n or_o for_o the_o officer_n to_o walk_v in_o and_o for_o the_o soldier_n to_o speak_v with_o they_o there_o this_o space_n be_v mark_v in_o the_o figure_n with_o c._n right_o under_o the_o colonel_n hute_n you_o see_v another_o void_a space_n as_o wide_o as_o the_o colonel_n hute_n be_v and_o as_o long_o as_o all_o the_o quarter_n of_o the_o common_a soldier_n mark_v with_o d._n the_o use_n of_o it_o be_v for_o the_o officer_n of_o the_o regiment_n common_o call_v the_o officer_n of_o the_o staff_n as_o the_o provost-marshall_n the_o quarter-master_n of_o the_o regiment_n and_o the_o like_a of_o the_o quarter_n of_o the_o common_a soldier_n on_o either_o side_n of_o this_o long_a void_a space_n these_o be_v the_o proportion_n all_o the_o little_a square_n be_v hutes_n or_o cabin_n in_o the_o long_a row_n mark_v with_o the_o letter_n m._n on_o the_o first_o hutes_n be_v the_o musketire_v lodge_v and_o in_o the_o other_o row_v mark_v with_o p._n be_v the_o pikeman_n lodge_v one_o row_n of_o musketires_n and_o one_o row_n of_o pike_n make_v up_o one_o complete_a bond_n or_o company_n of_o 126._o man_n in_o the_o musketire_v row_n be_v twenty_o four_o hute_n and_o in_o the_o pikemens_n but_o eighteen_o the_o reason_n be_v because_o the_o king_n by_o his_o order_n command_v that_o every_o complete_a company_n shall_v have_v three_o corporalship_n of_o musketire_n four_o file_n or_o rot_v as_o the_o swede_n term_v they_o make_v a_o corporalship_n of_o musketires_n but_o of_o pikeman_n three_o file_n or_o rot_v make_v a_o corporalship_n so_o that_o twelve_o file_n of_o musketires_n and_o nine_o file_n of_o pike_n viz._n twenty_o one_o file_n fireman_n in_o depth_n in_o each_o file_n be_v a_o complete_a band_n of_o 126._o man_n beside_o the_o officer_n and_o sergeant_n when_o his_o company_n be_v weak_a than_o he_o will_v have_v but_o two_o corporalship_n of_o musketires_n and_o the_o remainder_n to_o be_v pike_n each_o of_o these_o hute_n be_v nine_o foorsquare_n viz._n three_o yard_n every_o way_n and_o whereas_o one_o row_n of_o musketires_n and_o one_o row_n of_o pike_n belong_v to_o one_o company_n these_o therefore_o near_o set_v together_o than_o the_o row_n of_o pike_n belong_v to_o several_a company_n be_v for_o the_o pike_n and_o musketire_v of_o the_o same_o company_n be_v part_v with_o a_o street_n but_o six_o foot_n wide_a whereas_o betwixt_o the_o pike_n of_o several_a company_n be_v a_o street_n of_o eighteen_o foot_n wide_a and_o betwixt_o the_o musketire_v of_o several_a company_n a_o street_n of_o twelve_o foot_n wide_a and_o so_o you_o see_v the_o several_a proportion_n mark_v the_o length_n of_o the_o row_n of_o pike_n be_v but_o 162._o foot_n as_o you_o see_v it_o mark_v betwixt_o the_o two_o first_o row_n of_o their_o hute_n the_o length_n of_o the_o musketire_v row_n be_v 216._o foot_n as_o be_v mark_v in_o the_o margin_n the_o distance_n of_o breadth_n be_v observe_v they_o amount_v to_o 360._o foot_n or_o 72._o pace_n so_o broad_a be_v the_o whole_a quarter_n for_o one_o entire_a regiment_n below_o all_o this_o in_o the_o rear_n or_o low_a end_n of_o the_o quarter_n you_o have_v a_o void_a space_n 14._o foot_n of_o ground_n run_v all_o the_o breadth_n of_o the_o quarter_n serve_v for_o the_o freedom_n of_o air_n this_o be_v mark_v with_o e._n last_o of_o all_o you_o may_v behold_v another_o lowance_n of_o ground_n mark_v with_o the_o letter_n f._n which_o be_v for_o the_o sutler_n chapman_n butcher_n etc._n etc._n of_o the_o regiment_n add_v now_o the_o distance_n of_o length_n together_o and_o they_o come_v to_o 300._o foot_n which_o be_v the_o length_n of_o the_o whole_a quarter_n for_o one_o entire_a regiment_n now_o rest_v the_o chief_a point_n of_o discipline_n in_o the_o number_n and_o order_n of_o the_o place_n of_o the_o hute_n and_o the_o man_n in_o they_o concern_v the_o number_n there_o be_v three_o man_n to_o be_v lodge_v in_o one_o hute_n as_o well_o pike_n as_o musketire_v so_o that_o in_o 24._o hutes_n of_o musketires_n of_o one_o company_n there_o be_v 72._o man_n and_o in_o the_o 18._o hutes_n of_o pike-man_n of_o one_o company_n there_o be_v but_o 54._o man_n which_o number_n add_v together_o amount_v to_o 126._o which_o be_v a_o complete_a band._n these_o 72._o musketire_v be_v again_o divide_v into_o three_o corporalship_n and_o the_o 54._o pike-man_n also_o into_o three_o corporalship_n four_o file_n or_o rot_v of_o musketire_v go_v to_o one_o corporalship_n and_o of_o pike-man_n but_o three_o file_n or_o rot_v to_o a_o corporalship_n so_o that_o 24._o musketire_v go_v to_o one_o corporalship_n and_o of_o pike_n 18._o according_a to_o the_o number_n of_o either_o of_o their_o cabin_n furthermore_o their_o order_n be_v to_o march_v six_o deep_a in_o file_n therefore_o in_o every_o two_o hute_n there_o be_v one_o rot_v or_o file_v lodge_v which_o present_o know_v how_o to_o put_v themselves_o in_o order_n thus_o have_v every_o corporal_n of_o musketire_v eight_o hute_n to_o look_v unto_o and_o every_o corporal_n of_o pike_n six_o hute_n under_o he_o this_o certainty_n and_o dispose_n of_o the_o number_n serve_v much_o for_o private_a government_n this_o order_n of_o quarter_a they_o be_v opinionate_a be_v prevalent_a for_o the_o ready_a resist_n of_o the_o enemy_n whereas_o you_o see_v two_o row_n of_o pike_n and_o two_o row_n of_o musketire_v still_o together_o with_o their_o cabin_n door_n inward_a one_o to_o another_o this_o be_v the_o use_n of_o it_o suppose_v the_o enemy_n in_o the_o night_n fall_v upon_o the_o quarter_n the_o alarm_n be_v take_v and_o give_v by_o those_o of_o the_o outmost_a guard_n out_o slip_v the_o two_o row_n of_o pike_n into_o the_o street_n or_o alley_n betwixt_o they_o and_o present_o march_v out_o betwixt_o the_o captain_n hutes_n they_o be_v instant_o in_o a_o fair_a order_n of_o battle_n the_o pike_n be_v go_v than_o the_o two_o next_o row_n of_o musketires_n join_v together_o march_v also_o out_o upon_o both_o side_n of_o the_o pike_n where_o they_o be_v ready_a instant_o to_o flank_v they_o thus_o one_o squadron_n or_o halfe-regiment_n issue_v out_o upon_o one_o side_n of_o their_o colonel_n tent_n and_o the_o other_o half_n on_o the_o other_o present_o they_o draw_v themselves_o in_o complete_a battalion_n and_o find_v their_o colonel_n and_o captain_n in_o the_o head_n of_o the_o quarter_n ready_a to_o conduct_v they_o to_o the_o brest-work_n thus_o so_o soon_o as_o the_o alarm_n be_v give_v in_o from_o the_o outer_a guard_n the_o soldier_n will_v be_v ready_a to_o entertain_v their_o assault_n every_o man_n before_o his_o own_o quarter_n upon_o which_o the_o enemy_n fall_v before_o he_o can_v possible_o march_v he_o never_o so_o fast_o come_v near_o to_o do_v any_o execution_n if_o you_o desire_v to_o hear_v how_o in_o that_o huddle_n of_o darkness_n they_o can_v possible_o find_v their_o weapon_n know_v that_o by_o the_o order_n of_o their_o stand_n every_o man_n can_v at_o first_o come_v most_o ready_o clap_v his_o hand_n upon_o his_o own_o to_o instance_n in_o the_o pike_n for_o example_n the_o place_n where_o they_o all_o stand_v together_o be_v upon_o a_o thing_n make_v after_o the_o fashion_n of_o a_o pair_n of_o gallow_n at_o the_o head_n of_o the_o quarter_n the_o upper_a overthwart_a beam_n be_v for_o the_o pike_n to_o stay_v against_o then_o there_o be_v another_o beam_n low_o for_o to_o hang_v the_o corslet_n upon_o and_o to_o lean_v the_o musket_n against_o this_o be_v to_o have_v a_o defence_n over_o it_o to_o defend_v the_o wet_a now_o when_o any_o service_n or_o exercise_n be_v do_v abroad_o he_o that_o lie_v in_o the_o rear_n of_o the_o quarter_n by_o come_v in_o first_o set_v down_o his_o arm_n inmost_a and_o he_o that_o come_v in_o last_o leave_v his_o outmost_a which_o when_o he_o again_o go_v first_o out_o he_o find_v his_o foremost_a and_o when_o the_o last_o man_n come_v he_o find_v his_o own_o left_a every_o man_n
upon_o their_o knee_n if_o the_o enemy_n horse_n shall_v offer_v to_o charge_v the_o battle_n of_o pike_n at_o a_o convenient_a distance_n beyond_o this_o girdle_a all_o the_o residue_n of_o the_o shot_n be_v range_v in_o small_a maniple_n of_o thirty_o in_o each_o before_o the_o front_n of_o pike_n you_o see_v twenty_o two_o maniple_n of_o shot_n which_o be_v to_o disband_v themselves_o and_o give_v fire_n upon_o the_o enemy_n and_o be_v to_o be_v supply_v from_o those_o maniple_n place_v in_o the_o wing_n these_o maniple_n of_o shot_n be_v thus_o order_v for_o two_o reason_n for_o in_o the_o first_o place_n the_o enemy_n can_v possible_o assault_v the_o body_n of_o pike_n but_o these_o maniple_n of_o shot_n be_v ready_a to_o give_v fire_n upon_o they_o and_o the_o pike_n be_v so_o shelter_v and_o shadow_v from_o the_o enemy_n that_o they_o can_v receive_v any_o damage_n for_o indeed_o so_o long_o as_o the_o pike_n stand_v firm_a although_o the_o shot_n shall_v be_v rout_v yet_o it_o can_v be_v say_v the_o field_n be_v win_v for_o the_o whole_a strength_n of_o a_o army_n consist_v in_o the_o pike_n second_o these_o maniple_n may_v very_o easy_o be_v draw_v on_o a_o sudden_a into_o great_a division_n and_o as_o occasion_n shall_v be_v offer_v may_v be_v join_v with_o the_o pike_n and_o the_o pike_n sudden_o draw_v into_o any_o form_n the_o general_n shall_v conceive_v best_a of_o they_o be_v order_v in_o apt_a division_n with_o convenient_a distance_n betwixt_o each_o battalion_n for_o that_o purpose_n and_o if_o so_o be_v this_o battle_n be_v pitch_v in_o such_o a_o advantageous_a ground_n that_o the_o enemy_n horse_n may_v not_o have_v too_o much_o freedom_n to_o wrong_v the_o shot_n this_o form_n questionless_a be_v very_o prevalent_a wherefore_o these_o shot_n ought_v to_o have_v each_o man_n his_o swines-pike_n at_o his_o girdle_n to_o stick_v down_o against_o the_o horse_n upon_o each_o corner_n of_o the_o impalement_n be_v place_v a_o maniple_n of_o fifty_o musketire_n the_o horse_n upon_o the_o out-wing_n of_o the_o shot_n be_v range_v in_o three_o grand_a battalia_n one_o a_o good_a distance_n before_o the_o other_o in_o the_o foremost_a be_v three_o hundred_o harquebuzier_n in_o the_o second_o five_o hundred_o carbine_n and_o in_o the_o last_o two_o hundred_o curassier_n these_o upon_o occasion_n may_v march_v up_o together_o and_o make_v one_o entire_a front_n the_o ordnance_n be_v guard_v upon_o each_o wing_n with_o three_o hundred_o and_o fifty_o shot_n and_o one_o hundred_o and_o fifty_o pike_n these_o ordnance_n be_v place_v upon_o place_n of_o advantage_n to_o scour_v the_o enemy_n in_o what_o manner_n soever_o he_o shall_v make_v his_o approach_n it_o will_v be_v too_o tedious_a to_o discourse_v of_o the_o sundry_a form_n this_o or_o any_o other_o form_n of_o battle_n may_v be_v translate_v into_o but_o the_o ingenious_a soldier_n like_o that_o famous_a general_n pyrrhus_n must_v by_o his_o ingenuity_n frame_v in_o his_o imagination_n all_o kind_n of_o form_n which_o may_v suit_v with_o the_o place_n they_o be_v to_o be_v fight_v in_o and_o may_v be_v most_o prevalent_a against_o the_o enemy_n he_o have_v to_o deal_v withal_o but_o this_o you_o must_v take_v for_o a_o maxim_n as_o sr._n francis_n bacon_n well_o observe_v in_o his_o advancement_n of_o learning_n that_o no_o massy_a body_n can_v possible_o be_v move_v without_o a_o kind_n of_o trepidation_n and_o it_o hold_v good_a in_o this_o for_o it_o be_v very_o dangerous_a to_o move_v or_o alter_v a_o form_n of_o battle_n not_o only_o to_o avoid_v fear_n but_o confusion_n yet_o i_o confess_v divers_a general_n have_v do_v it_o as_o caesar_n cast_v his_o form_n of_o imbattel_v into_o a_o halfmoon_n but_o extremity_n drive_v he_o unto_o it_o the_o figure_n hereof_o follow_v upon_o the_o next_o page_n for_o otherwise_o if_o a_o general_n order_n his_o man_n in_o one_o kind_n of_o form_n to_o delude_v his_o enemy_n and_o to_o cause_v he_o to_o order_v his_o battle_n thereafter_o yet_o he_o must_v be_v sure_a to_o metamorphize_v it_o into_o that_o form_n he_o intend_v before_o the_o enemy_n draw_v to_o near_a least_o confusion_n follow_v to_o avoid_v tediousness_n these_o form_n before_o demonstrate_v shall_v suffice_v in_o the_o next_o chapter_n follow_v i_o shall_v further_o discourse_v of_o the_o nature_n of_o small_a division_n of_o shot_n and_o of_o divers_a circumstance_n belong_v to_o they_o and_o afterward_o i_o shall_v further_o discourse_v of_o the_o nature_n of_o battle_n chap._n xxv_o the_o use_n of_o small_a maniple_n of_o shot_n with_o a_o general_a discourse_n of_o the_o lightarmed_n in_o the_o precedent_a description_n of_o imbattel_v 〈◊〉_d may_v perceive_v two_o or_o three_o several_a form_n of_o battle_n where_o the_o sâ—â—â—t_n be_v order_v in_o small_a troop_n by_o themselves_o wherefore_o although_o it_o be_v not_o ordinary_a yet_o i_o shall_v show_v the_o good_a use_n of_o they_o by_o paralel_v they_o with_o the_o lightarmed_n use_v in_o former_a age_n what_o strange_a conquest_n have_v be_v gain_v by_o they_o as_o historian_n have_v observe_v wherefore_o we_o must_v first_o compare_v the_o body_n of_o a_o army_n to_o the_o body_n of_o a_o man_n that_o be_v compact_v of_o several_a part_n of_o which_o some_o part_n be_v of_o more_o use_n than_o other_o some_o part_n be_v able_a to_o perform_v their_o function_n without_o the_o help_n of_o the_o other_o part_n and_o again_o some_o except_o the_o other_o part_n help_v can_v do_v nothing_o to_o purpose_n of_o themselves_o the_o arm_a be_v the_o strength_n of_o the_o battle_n and_o be_v the_o refuge_n for_o the_o rest_n in_o extremity_n wherefore_o our_o general_n in_o this_o latter_a age_n join_v the_o shot_n on_o each_o wing_n of_o the_o pike_n for_o their_o safety_n 188._o and_o in_o this_o kind_n they_o may_v work_v great_a effect_n as_o elian_n in_o his_o tactic_n learned_o discuss_n and_o xenophon_n say_v let_v there_o be_v never_o so_o many_o lightarmed_n yet_o dare_v they_o not_o stand_v and_o abide_v the_o assault_n of_o a_o few_o arm_v in_o which_o respect_n a_o place_n fit_a have_v be_v seek_v for_o their_o service_n to_o secure_v they_o from_o the_o access_n of_o the_o horse_n or_o of_o the_o enemy_n arm_v wherefore_o general_n in_o former_a age_n place_v they_o sometime_o behind_o their_o phalange_n of_o pike_n or_o else_o in_o the_o wing_n betwixt_o the_o horse_n and_o the_o arm_a pike_n as_o these_o figure_n by_o i_o describe_v show_n or_o if_o they_o skirmish_v loose_a before_o the_o front_n and_o chance_v to_o be_v oppress_v with_o the_o enemy_n than_o they_o be_v to_o retreat_v into_o the_o intervall_n and_o so_o convey_v themselves_o behind_o the_o phalange_n in_o safety_n and_o as_o leo_n report_v 105._o the_o secure_n of_o the_o lightarmed_n in_o some_o place_n of_o strength_n either_o natural_a or_o artificial_a will_v be_v most_o prevalent_a and_o advantageous_a as_o namely_o some_o strong_a inclosier_n be_v well_o hedge_v and_o ditch_v rock_n or_o steepy_a hill_n or_o the_o bank_n of_o river_n or_o the_o like_a how_o do_v the_o prince_n of_o wales_n be_v to_o fight_v with_o the_o whole_a power_n of_o france_n at_o poytiers_n fortify_v his_o lightarmed_n and_o safeguard_v they_o with_o hedge_n and_o ditch_n and_o other_o strength_n so_o that_o the_o french_a horse_n find_v no_o access_n to_o disorder_v they_o be_v overwhelm_v with_o their_o storm_n of_o shot_n which_o those_o maniple_n so_o place_v shower_v upon_o they_o at_o the_o battle_n of_o agincourt_n there_o be_v two_o thousand_o english_a shoot_v place_v in_o a_o meadow_n fence_v with_o a_o deep_a ditch_n agincourt_n from_o whence_o they_o so_o gall_v the_o french_a which_o occasion_v the_o victory_n the_o residue_n of_o the_o shot_n have_v stake_n arm_v with_o iron_n pike_n which_o preserve_v they_o from_o the_o fury_n of_o the_o chivalry_n by_o which_o mean_n they_o gain_v that_o famous_a victory_n by_o this_o you_o may_v see_v that_o lightarmed_n soldier_n although_o they_o be_v divide_v from_o the_o body_n of_o pike_n may_v be_v very_o efficacious_a to_o gain_v a_o victory_n further_o there_o be_v no_o entice_a or_o train_v a_o enemy_n from_o his_o place_n of_o advantage_n but_o by_o small_a troop_n of_o shot_n which_o be_v to_o make_v a_o bravado_n to_o toll_n they_o into_o some_o place_n of_o advantage_n as_o alexander_n do_v practice_v against_o the_o tryball_n who_o have_v hide_v themselves_o in_o wood_n he_o send_v his_o lightarmed_n from_o the_o body_n of_o his_o pike_n and_o train_v out_o the_o barbarian_n they_o be_v shrewd_o wound_v with_o their_o shot_n in_o the_o wood_n throw_v themselves_o out_o to_o fall_v upon_o the_o archer_n alexander_n immediate_o command_v philotus_n with_o the_o horse_n of_o upper_a macedonia_n to_o charge_v the_o enemy_n right_a wing_n