the_o temperature_n of_o the_o low_a region_n these_o thing_n in_o short_a be_v premise_v concern_v the_o upper_a region_n i_o shall_v now_o proceed_v to_o the_o low_a which_o be_v cold_a the_o part_n of_o water_n be_v in_o a_o less_o violent_a agitation_n than_o our_o sensory_a and_o that_o the_o low_a region_n be_v sensible_o cold_a be_v not_o only_a consonant_n to_o reason_n but_o also_o confirm_v by_o the_o observation_n of_o those_o who_o have_v dive_v a_o considerable_a depth_n not_o only_o in_o the_o northern_a sea_n in_o africa_n and_o america_n but_o it_o be_v also_o further_o evince_v by_o what_o be_v common_o practise_v at_o sea_n viz._n to_o let_v down_o bottle_n of_o wine_n into_o the_o sea_n all_o night_n which_o by_o be_v immerse_v in_o the_o water_n will_v acquire_v a_o considerable_a degree_n of_o coldness_n and_o i_o be_o also_o inform_v by_o a_o observe_v traveller_n that_o have_v let_v down_o about_o 400_o fathom_n of_o line_n with_o about_o 30_o pound_n of_o lead_n at_o it_o thirty_o five_o degree_n north_n latitude_n beyond_o the_o line_n the_o lead_n when_o draw_v up_o be_v as_o cold_a as_o ice_n from_o which_o instance_n it_o appear_v that_o the_o air_n and_o water_n so_o far_o agree_v that_o the_o part_n of_o they_o be_v put_v into_o motion_n by_o external_n cause_n they_o acquire_v each_o a_o considerable_a degree_n of_o warmth_n but_o be_v remove_v and_o separate_v from_o those_o cause_n put_v on_o a_o contrary_a quality_n so_o that_o the_o air_n and_o water_n seem_v chief_o in_o this_o respect_n to_o differ_v viz._n in_o their_o invert_v order_n but_o further_o from_o what_o have_v be_v deliver_v it_o appear_v that_o though_o the_o submarine_n region_n be_v sensible_o cold_a the_o near_a the_o bottom_n yet_o their_o cold_a region_n do_v not_o by_o any_o of_o the_o aforementioned_a phaenomena_n appear_v to_o be_v the_o summum_fw-la frigidum_fw-la for_o though_o i_o have_v several_a time_n freeze_a salt-water_n yet_o it_o do_v not_o appear_v that_o there_o be_v the_o least_o ice_n generate_v in_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o sea_n since_o from_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o great_a ocean_n 35_o degree_n south_n latitude_n grey_a sand_n have_v be_v bring_v up_o where_o the_o water_n be_v no_o less_o than_o two_o hundred_o and_o twenty_o fathom_v deep_a but_o yet_o there_o be_v one_o caution_n to_o be_v add_v which_o make_v this_o observation_n the_o less_o to_o be_v rely_v on_o which_o be_v that_o one_o reason_n why_o no_o ice_n be_v to_o be_v find_v in_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o sea_n may_v be_v the_o unaptitude_n of_o salt-water_n more_o than_o of_o fresh_a to_o be_v congeal_v it_o require_v a_o much_o great_a degree_n of_o cold_a to_o freeze_v salt-water_n than_o fresh_a chap._n v._o relation_n about_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o sea_n unequal_a the_o bottom_n of_o the_o sea_n very_o rough_a and_o unequal_a that_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o sea_n be_v usual_o salt_n and_o cold_a be_v a_o very_a common_a observation_n but_o be_v desirous_a to_o be_v more_o nice_o inform_v about_o what_o occur_v in_o that_o region_n i_o have_v be_v tell_v by_o several_a who_o have_v in_o long_a voyage_n fathom_v in_o several_a place_n that_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o sea_n be_v rough_a with_o considerable_a inequality_n and_o precipice_n so_o that_o in_o a_o small_a space_n a_o little_a depth_n of_o the_o sea_n have_v increase_v to_o a_o hundred_o fathom_n and_o decrease_v as_o sudden_o there_o be_v likewise_o find_v several_a other_o inequality_n and_o hill_n observe_v in_o place_n about_o 30_o or_o 20_o fathom_n deep_a where_o a_o line_n of_o 16_o fathom_n will_v upon_o the_o next_o cast_v require_v 35_o or_o 40_o to_o reach_v to_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o sea_n and_o the_o like_a observation_n i_o have_v receive_v from_o several_a experience_a mariner_n among_o which_o i_o transcribe_v the_o follow_a account_n from_o some_o note_n leave_v in_o england_n by_o one_o who_o have_v make_v a_o voyage_n to_o the_o east-indies_n the_o account_n be_v this_o february_n 12._o after_o our_o observation_n see_v the_o ground_n under_o we_o we_o heave_v the_o lead_n and_o have_v but_o 19_o fathom_n rocky_a ground_n then_o hale_v by_o n.n._n e._n the_o wind_n at_o n.w._n and_o find_v our_o water_n to_o shoal_n from_o 19_o to_o 10_o and_o 8_o fathom_n hard_a coral_n ground_n then_o sudden_o deepn_v again_o from_o 8_o to_o 20_o and_o 22_o fathom_v sandy_n ground_n and_o then_o sudden_o see_v rock_n under_o we_o where_o we_o have_v but_o 7_o fathom_n and_o the_o next_o cast_v 14_o fathom_v again_o and_o so_o have_v run_v n._n n._n e._n from_o 6_o in_o the_o morning_n till_o 12_o at_o noon_n about_o 19_o mileswe_n deepn_v our_o water_n from_o 16_o to_o 25_o and_o the_o next_o cast_v no_o ground_n with_o 35_o fathom_n of_o line_n water_n the_o gravitation_n of_o the_o water_n but_o beside_o the_o inequality_n to_o be_v take_v notice_n of_o at_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o sea_n there_o be_v several_a other_o thing_n to_o be_v observe_v among_o which_o the_o gravitation_n of_o the_o water_n be_v remarkable_a and_o though_o it_o be_v dispute_v among_o philosopher_n whether_o there_o be_v such_o gravitation_n or_o not_o yet_o that_o there_o be_v appear_v from_o several_a experiment_n and_o first_o if_o a_o glass-cylind_a with_o one_o end_n open_a be_v immerge_v in_o a_o glass-vessel_n it_o may_v be_v observe_v that_o as_o the_o cylinder_n be_v press_v low_a the_o air_n by_o the_o pressure_n of_o the_o water_n will_v be_v squeeze_v high_a and_o high_o the_o water_n rise_v gradual_o below_o it_o in_o the_o cylinder_n and_o the_o like_a have_v be_v observe_v by_o several_a person_n who_o have_v dive_v in_o a_o diving-bell_n not_o only_o in_o the_o northern_a sea_n but_o upon_o the_o coast_n of_o africa_n where_o as_o the_o bell_n go_v deep_a and_o deep_o the_o air_n become_v more_o compress_v and_o the_o water_n according_o rise_v high_o and_o high_o in_o the_o bell._n and_o sometime_o the_o pressure_n have_v be_v observe_v to_o be_v so_o powerful_a that_o i_o have_v be_v inform_v by_o one_o who_o let_v down_o a_o glass-vial_n into_o the_o sea_n near_o the_o straight_n mouth_n that_o have_v let_v it_o sink_v about_o 40_o fathom_n it_o be_v burst_v in_o piece_n by_o the_o outward_a pressure_n of_o the_o water_n to_o which_o he_o add_v that_o have_v let_v down_o a_o aeolipile_n of_o metal_n and_o sink_v it_o about_o 60_o fathom_n he_o observe_v when_o it_o be_v draw_v up_o that_o the_o side_n be_v in_o several_a place_n bruise_v and_o compress_v by_o the_o violent_a pressure_n of_o the_o water_n storm_n the_o bottom_n of_o the_o sea_n not_o disturb_v in_o storm_n another_o thing_n observable_a in_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o sea_n be_v that_o though_o the_o violence_n of_o storm_n may_v disturb_v it_o where_o it_o be_v shallow_a yet_o where_o it_o be_v considerable_o deep_a the_o near_a the_o bottom_n the_o more_o calm_a and_o undisturbed_a it_o be_v and_o this_o have_v be_v confirm_v by_o the_o observation_n of_o divers_a who_o have_v take_v notice_n that_o though_o the_o wave_n be_v six_o or_o seven_o foot_n high_a yet_o at_o fifteen_o fathom_v deep_a the_o water_n be_v very_o little_o disturb_v only_o the_o mud_n be_v raise_v which_o make_v the_o water_n dark_a and_o what_o be_v very_o remarkable_a be_v that_o the_o person_n that_o dive_v inform_v i_o that_o have_v stay_v a_o considerable_a depth_n for_o some_o time_n he_o find_v when_o he_o come_v up_o again_o a_o tempestuous_a storm_n which_o have_v rise_v when_o he_o be_v in_o the_o water_n without_o be_v take_v notice_n of_o by_o he_o below_o and_o the_o like_a have_v be_v observe_v near_o the_o shore_n of_o manar_n in_o the_o east-indies_n where_o they_o dive_v for_o coral_n in_o a_o sea_n that_o lie_v betwixt_o the_o island_n of_o ceylon_n and_o the_o cape_n of_o comori_fw-la which_o be_v usual_o very_o much_o disturb_v inasmuch_o as_o it_o lie_v near_o the_o indian_a ocean_n and_o the_o gulf_n of_o bengala_n former_o call_v sinus_n gangeticus_n and_o it_o have_v elsewhere_o be_v observe_v that_o in_o considerable_a storm_n the_o sea_n have_v not_o be_v disturb_v over_o the_o depth_n of_o 4_o fathom_n stagnate_v the_o water_n at_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o sea_n almost_o stagnate_v and_o to_o these_o observation_n i_o may_v add_v have_v i_o sufficient_a evidence_n to_o build_v upon_o that_o have_v inquire_v whether_o upon_o ebb_a and_o flow_v of_o tide_n the_o motion_n of_o the_o water_n be_v continue_v to_o the_o bottom_n i_o have_v be_v tell_v by_o some_o that_o it_o do_v almost_o stagnate_n and_o by_o other_o that_o the_o current_n of_o the_o water_n above_o be_v different_a from_o the_o tendency_n of_o that_o below_o but_o not_o to_o rely_v upon_o these_o relation_n
be_v open_v the_o external_a air_n rush_v in_o with_o a_o considerable_a noise_n whence_o it_o be_v evident_a that_o all_o the_o air_n the_o limon_n have_v yield_v in_o that_o time_n be_v not_o sufficient_a to_o fill_v the_o cavity_n of_o the_o receiver_n neither_o the_o limon_n nor_o the_o juice_n be_v mouldy_a or_o ill_o taste_v so_o that_o it_o make_v i_o think_v that_o mouldiness_n can_v be_v well_o produce_v without_o a_o concurrence_n of_o the_o air._n the_o liquor_n be_v acid_a but_o clear_a and_o without_o faeces_fw-la be_v of_o a_o colour_n betwixt_o brown_a and_o red_a it_o turn_v syrup_n of_o violet_n into_o a_o purple_a colour_n and_o corrode_v fragment_n of_o red_a coral_n in_o the_o cold._n it_o have_v be_v observe_v that_o lozenge_n which_o a_o scholar_n frequent_o carry_v in_o his_o pocket_n be_v dissolve_v when_o he_o come_v near_o the_o line_n but_o recover_v their_o old_a consistence_n when_o much_o past_o it_o title_n xxiii_o of_o the_o operation_n of_o the_o air_n on_o consistent_a mineral_n substance_n substance_n the_o effect_n of_o the_o air_n on_o mineral_n substance_n in_o draw_v copper_n out_o of_o deep_a mine_n in_o sweedland_n i_o be_o inform_v they_o use_v rope_n make_v of_o leather_n link_n of_o iron_n be_v subject_a to_o break_v with_o the_o coldness_n of_o the_o air_n and_o the_o weight_n of_o the_o ore_n it_o have_v be_v observe_v that_o glass_n keep_v half_a a_o year_n though_o well_o neal_v have_v break_v in_o piece_n and_o freeze_v of_o themselves_o the_o crack_v partly_o depend_v on_o some_o particle_n of_o salt_n which_o have_v not_o undergo_v a_o sufficient_a comminution_n i_o be_o tell_v there_o be_v a_o house_n in_o suffolk_n near_o the_o sea_n in_o which_o though_o it_o be_v but_o 8_o year_n old_a the_o iron_n bar_n be_v swell_v and_o so_o rot_v that_o they_o will_v crimble_a away_o the_o wind_n which_o blow_v upon_o those_o window_n in_o which_o they_o be_v be_v southward_o and_o i_o be_o likewise_o tell_v that_o iron_n bar_v drench_v in_o sea_n water_n and_o after_o expose_v to_o the_o air_n be_v so_o far_o impair_v that_o when_o hammer_v great_a flake_n will_v fly_v off_o they_o purbeck_n and_o blechington-stone_n will_v moulder_v away_o in_o the_o air_n but_o those_o dug_n up_o at_o painswick_n near_o gloucester_n will_n by_o be_v expose_v to_o the_o air_n change_v their_o primary_n softness_n for_o a_o crust-hard_a and_o glassy_a marble_n which_o penetrate_v but_o a_o little_a way_n into_o its_o substance_n but_o be_v generate_v soon_o the_o often_o it_o be_v wash_v title_n xxiv_o of_o the_o air_n in_o reference_n to_o fire_n and_o flame_n candle_n which_v burn_v in_o grooves_n furnish_v with_o air_n shaft_n will_v sometime_o continue_v burn_v 8_o fathom_n deep_a or_o more_o when_o they_o come_v into_o close_a ground_n though_o candle_n will_v burn_v for_o a_o while_n yet_o when_o the_o dust_n rise_v they_o go_v out_o experiment_n touch_v the_o relation_n betwixt_o flame_n and_o air._n the_o burn_a of_o candle_n etc._n etc._n under_o a_o glass_n bell_n as_o also_o spirit_n of_o wine_n matches_n touchwood_n sponck_n etc._n etc._n the_o keep_n of_o animal_n under_o a_o glass_n bell_n whilst_o the_o flame_n be_v burn_v the_o burn_a of_o body_n to_o ash_n in_o seal_a glass_n as_o also_o in_o exact_o close_v receiver_n cotton_n burn_v in_o a_o seal_a glass_n the_o burn_a of_o a_o mixture_n of_o flame_n under_o water_n in_o a_o e._n r._n as_o also_o of_o a_o saline_a substance_n and_o likewise_o of_o salt_n petre._n a_o pistol_n not_o fire_v in_o a_o e._n r._n a_o experiment_n of_o burn_a gunpowder_n the_o burn_a of_o spirit_n of_o wine_n and_o oil_n of_o turpentine_n in_o glass_n vessel_n with_o slender_a neck_n title_n xxv_o of_o the_o air_n in_o reference_n to_o fermentation_n fermentation_n of_o the_o air_n in_o reference_n to_o fermentation_n raisin_n be_v enclose_v in_o a_o exhaust_a bolt-head_n half_o full_a of_o water_n and_o set_v on_o a_o digestive_a furnace_n present_o begin_v to_o ferment_n and_o swim_v upon_o the_o liquor_n afford_v bubble_n which_o be_v gradual_o few_o and_o at_o last_o a_o sediment_n appear_v in_o the_o bottom_n the_o top_n of_o the_o bottle_n be_v accidental_o break_v the_o external_n air_n rush_v in_o with_o some_o noise_n and_o the_o surface_n of_o the_o liquor_n be_v cover_v with_o froth_n like_o bottle_n drink_v and_o i_o think_v i_o perceive_v a_o visible_a fume_v come_v out_o of_o the_o glass_n which_o have_v a_o languid_a smell_n the_o liquor_n have_v a_o high_a tincture_n of_o the_o raisin_n and_o be_v of_o a_o better_a consistence_n than_o that_o of_o water_n title_n xxvi_o of_o the_o air_n as_o the_o receptacle_n of_o odour_n title_n xxvii_o of_o the_o operation_n of_o the_o air_n on_o the_o odour_n of_o animal_n substance_n odour_n of_o the_o effect_n of_o air_n on_o odour_n sour_a grape_n have_v lie_v 3_o year_n in_o vacuo_fw-la be_v not_o mouldy_a but_o the_o surface_n of_o the_o uppermost_a be_v discolour_a with_o a_o tartarous_a efflorescence_n the_o grain_n have_v a_o musty_a smell_n but_o the_o liquor_n taste_v acid_n and_o will_v corrode_v coral_n in_o the_o cold._a the_o gage_n scarce_o discover_v any_o air_n produce_v in_o madrid_n i_o be_o tell_v though_o they_o throw_v their_o excrement_n into_o the_o street_n in_o the_o night_n yet_o the_o stink_n be_v not_o very_o much_o the_o next_o day_n nor_o will_v dead_a animal_n stink_v long_o there_o title_n xxviii_o of_o the_o operation_n of_o the_o air_n on_o the_o odour_n of_o vegetable_a substance_n large_a piece_n of_o orange_n have_v be_v three_o year_n include_v in_o vacuo_fw-la their_o rind_n be_v on_o their_o surface_n almost_o black_a they_o yield_v very_o little_a liquor_n be_v neither_o mouldy_a nor_o putrid_a title_n xxix_o of_o the_o operation_n of_o air_n on_o the_o odour_n of_o mineral_n substance_n title_n xxx_o of_o the_o operation_n of_o air_n on_o the_o taste_n of_o animal_n substance_n mr._n nickson_n tell_v i_o that_o meat_n may_v be_v preserve_v in_o frosty_a wether_n all_o winter_n without_o salt_n but_o if_o dress_v when_o freeze_v will_v not_o relish_v well_o title_n xxxi_o of_o the_o operation_n of_o air_n on_o the_o taste_n of_o vegetable_a substance_n title_n xxxii_o of_o the_o operation_n of_o the_o air_n on_o the_o taste_n of_o mineral_n substance_n title_n xxxiii_o of_o the_o operation_n of_o the_o air_n on_o the_o colour_n of_o animal_n substance_n colour_n of_o the_o effect_n of_o air_n on_o colour_n the_o air_n influence_n colour_n so_o much_o on_o black_a taffeta_n that_o in_o brasil_n after_o it_o have_v be_v wear_v a_o few_o day_n it_o become_v of_o a_o ironish_a colour_n but_o if_o it_o be_v keep_v from_o the_o air_n the_o colour_n fade_v not_o in_o a_o particular_a region_n in_o brazil_n 50_o league_n beyond_o parigna_n white_a people_n turn_v tawny_a but_o a_o little_a beyond_o that_o they_o recover_v their_o colour_n again_o upon_o charlton_n island_n there_o be_v a_o sort_n of_o bird_n call_v partridge_n which_o be_v white_a in_o the_o winter_n and_o gray_a in_o the_o summer_n title_n xxxiv_o of_o the_o operation_n of_o the_o air_n on_o the_o colour_n of_o vegetable_a substance_n i_o be_o tell_v that_o most_o tree_n in_o jamaica_n acquire_v a_o greenness_n when_o new_o cut_v down_o on_o that_o part_n which_o be_v most_o expose_v to_o the_o air_n and_o that_o lignum_fw-la vitæ_fw-la when_o green_a be_v as_o soft_a as_o oak_n several_a tree_n which_o be_v soft_a when_o cut_v down_o afterward_o grow_v hard_a especial_o the_o cabbage-tree_n which_o present_o harden_v and_o the_o pith_n rot_v out_o it_o serve_v for_o a_o pipe_n about_o 100_o foot_n long_o which_o will_v not_o corrupt_v under_o ground_n but_o grow_v as_o hard_a as_o iron_n the_o juice_n of_o aloe_n plant_n which_o in_o the_o island_n of_o st._n jago_n be_v clammy_a bitter_a and_o of_o a_o dark_a colour_n under_o the_o line_n lose_v its_o bitterness_n and_o acquire_v a_o green_a colour_n stain_n be_v most_o easy_o get_v out_o of_o linen_n at_o those_o time_n of_o the_o year_n when_o the_o fruit_n with_o which_o they_o be_v stain_v flourish_n title_n xxxv_o of_o the_o operation_n of_o the_o air_n on_o mineral_n substance_n one_o part_n of_o lapis_n calaminaris_n be_v mix_v with_o four_o of_o salt-petre_n be_v keep_v some_o hour_n in_o a_o vehement_a heat_n in_o a_o crucible_n by_o which_o mean_v the_o matter_n be_v alkalize_v water_n be_v pour_v upon_o it_o which_o make_v a_o muddy_a red_a tincture_n which_o be_v set_v in_o a_o wide-mouthed_a glass_n in_o a_o window_n it_o become_v green_a and_o more_o diaphanous_a than_o before_o but_o in_o a_o few_o day_n it_o become_v a_o transparent_a liquor_n a_o powder_n subside_v which_o be_v red_a like_o brick-dust_n spirit_n of_o vinegar_n receive_v no_o tincture_n
one_o bowl_n in_o motion_n strike_v against_o another_o not_o in_o motion_n communicate_v as_o much_o of_o its_o motion_n as_o it_o can_v to_o the_o other_o and_o lose_v it_o be_v own_o and_o so_o the_o vapour_n and_o steam_n in_o a_o room_n in_o frosty_a wether_n strike_v against_o the_o glass-window_n be_v deprive_v of_o their_o motion_n and_o freeze_v which_o be_v observe_v to_o be_v much_o thick_a upon_o the_o glass_n in_o russia_n than_o here_o in_o england_n a_o note_n out_o of_o martinius_n in_o his_o account_n of_o china_n this_o author_n tell_v we_o that_o at_o peking_n though_o the_o pole_n be_v not_o elevate_v above_o 42_o degree_n yet_o for_o four_o month_n together_o from_o the_o middle_n of_o november_n the_o river_n be_v freeze_v in_o one_o day_n so_o that_o they_o bear_v coach_n and_o horse_n a_o note_v take_v out_o of_o martinius_n cromerus_n his_o polonia_n the_o cold_a be_v so_o violent_a in_o these_o country_n sometime_o that_o the_o tree_n wither_v at_o the_o root_n and_o water_n be_v freeze_v as_o it_o fall_v through_o the_o air_n and_o the_o water_n be_v freeze_v up_o for_o two_o month_n so_o that_o they_o bear_v horse_n load_v and_o coach_n and_o this_o author_n tell_v we_o that_o he_o pass_v over_o the_o weisell_n in_o massovia_n with_o a_o coach_n and_o horse_n and_o other_o horseman_n and_o in_o prussia_n the_o fish_n in_o the_o ice_n begin_v after_o the_o begin_n of_o november_n and_o last_v till_o march_n be_v end_v another_o note_n out_o of_o the_o same_o 1._o they_o catch_v fish_n more_o commodious_o in_o winter_n than_o summer_n for_o break_v hole_n in_o several_a place_n in_o the_o ice_n a_o net_n be_v cast_v into_o one_o of_o they_o and_o rope_n fasten_v to_o it_o man_n with_o pole_n and_o horse_n draw_v the_o net_n from_o one_o place_n to_o another_o 2._o i_o be_o tell_v that_o at_o warsaw_n in_o twelve_o hour_n the_o water_n be_v freeze_v 4_o inch_n downward_o one_o that_o sail_v to_o make_v discovery_n beyond_o the_o arctic_a circle_n tell_v i_o he_o can_v eat_v as_o much_o in_o one_o day_n as_o in_o ten_o here_o and_o that_o after_o they_o have_v sail_v over_o a_o deep_a blue_a sea_n they_o come_v to_o one_o as_o black_a as_o ink_n which_o be_v sound_v it_o be_v above_o 70_o fathom_n sack_n be_v freeze_v and_o thaw_v again_o present_o lose_v its_o vigour_n 3._o in_o these_o part_v the_o frost_n penetrate_v the_o ground_n five_o foot_n and_o the_o ice_n in_o iberia_n in_o the_o river_n ob_fw-la be_v say_v to_o be_v a_o fathom_n and_o a_o half_a thick_a there_o be_v there_o but_o twelve_o week_n in_o the_o whole_a year_n without_o frost_n the_o river_n have_v breathe_a place_n a_o mile_n long_o out_o of_o which_o fume_n ascend_v as_o out_o of_o a_o cellar_n when_o the_o door_n be_v open_v death_n by_o cold_a be_v not_o painful_a if_o it_o be_v intense_a cold_n dry_v excessive_o cleave_v the_o earth_n and_o cause_n timber_n to_o crack_v title_n xx._n experiment_n concern_v the_o weight_n of_o body_n freeze_v and_o unfrozen_a unfrozen_a the_o weight_n of_o body_n freeze_v and_o unfrozen_a 1._o to_o try_v whether_o body_n upon_o freeze_v will_v grow_v heavy_a since_o epicurus_n and_o other_o atomist_n suppose_v congelation_n to_o depend_v upon_o the_o crowd_v in_o of_o frigorifick_a atom_n we_o expose_v egg_n to_o be_v freeze_v all_o night_n and_o in_o the_o morning_n we_o find_v they_o have_v lose_v four_o grain_n of_o their_o weight_n which_o we_o suspect_v to_o proceed_v from_o the_o avolition_n of_o some_o exhalation_n through_o the_o shell_n since_o at_o other_o time_n we_o observe_v that_o egg_n counterpoise_v lose_v eight_o grain_n of_o their_o weight_n in_o some_o process_n of_o time_n 2._o water_n freeze_v and_o weigh_v counterpoise_v a_o grain_n and_o a_o little_a more_o than_o when_o it_o be_v thaw_v but_o the_o experiment_n be_v make_v in_o a_o glass_n with_o a_o long_a stem_n hermetical_o seal_v when_o the_o water_n be_v freeze_v it_o be_v as_o heavy_a or_o heavy_a after_o it_o be_v thaw_v and_o the_o same_o equality_n of_o weight_n betwixt_o freeze_a and_o unfrozen_a water_n happen_v in_o other_o experiment_n 3._o stone_n be_v weigh_v after_o expose_v to_o the_o cold_a air_n and_o also_o in_o a_o warm_a air_n they_o seem_v to_o discover_v a_o increase_n of_o weight_n but_o i_o suspect_v it_o proceed_v from_o water_n imbibe_v into_o their_o pore_n since_o stone_n be_v observe_v to_o increase_v their_o weight_n in_o water_n and_o further_o because_o one_o that_o be_v well_o polish_v and_o not_o apt_a to_o imbibe_n water_n retain_v bare_o its_o own_o weight_n so_o that_o the_o doctrine_n of_o the_o epicurean_a freeze_v must_v be_v invalid_a except_o he_o suppose_v the_o frigorifick_a atom_n like_o those_o of_o a_o loadstone_n to_o be_v without_o weight_n a_o appendix_n to_o the_o xx_o title_n the_o foregoing_a experiment_n may_v not_o only_o satisfy_v we_o that_o the_o doctrine_n of_o the_o epicurean_o be_v erroneous_a but_o may_v likewise_o help_v we_o to_o correct_v some_o extravagant_a relation_n on_o the_o other_o hand_n for_o helmont_n tell_v we_o that_o water_n thaw_v in_o a_o vessel_n hermetical_o seal_v be_v â…›_n heavy_a than_o before_o but_o perhaps_o this_o difference_n may_v in_o part_n depend_v on_o the_o access_n of_o vapour_n on_o the_o outside_n the_o glass_n in_o opposition_n to_o what_o manalphus_n tell_v we_o i_o find_v that_o water_n freeze_v in_o a_o metalline_a porringer_n in_o one_o experiment_n lose_v 50_o in_o another_o 60_o grain_n of_o its_o weight_n which_o i_o attribute_v to_o a_o avolition_n of_o some_o part_n of_o the_o water_n since_o when_o we_o order_v the_o matter_n so_o that_o no_o water_n can_v steam_v out_o there_o be_v no_o considerable_a increase_n or_o decrease_v in_o the_o weight_n of_o water_n freeze_v or_o thaw_v particular_n referrable_a to_o the_o xx_o title_n 1._o quicksilver_n be_v weigh_v in_o the_o air_n and_o afterward_o counterpoise_v in_o water_n when_o by_o the_o application_n of_o a_o mixture_n of_o snow_n and_o salt_n it_o begin_v to_o freeze_v the_o bubble_n weigh_v ¾_n of_o a_o grain_n less_o than_o before_o a_o globe_n of_o snow_n ram_v into_o a_o mould_n who_o diameter_n be_v a_o inch_n weigh_v 112_o grain_n a_o globe_n of_o ice_n of_o the_o same_o diameter_n weigh_v 2_o dram_fw-la and_o 5_o grain_n 2._o after_o a_o long_a frost_n and_o snow_n the_o liquor_n in_o the_o gage_v weatherglass_n stand_v below_o the_o first_o mark_n but_o the_o mercury_n in_o the_o baroscope_n stand_v at_o near_o 2_o â—_o below_o 29_o inch_n which_o perhaps_o may_v be_v attribute_v to_o the_o high_a wind._n 3._o four_o ounce_n of_o snow_n be_v counter_o poise_v be_v expose_v to_o the_o frost_n all_o night_n and_o at_o 10_o or_o 11_o in_o the_o morning_n have_v lose_v near_o 30_o grain_n which_o part_n seem_v to_o have_v be_v evaporate_v the_o melt_a liquor_n in_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o scale_n amount_v to_o no_o more_o than_o 8_o grain_n 4._o two_o ounce_n of_o snow_n depress_v flat_a so_o as_o to_o form_v a_o large_a superficies_n and_o counterpoise_v in_o a_o night_n time_n lose_v 55_o grain_n no_o water_n be_v find_v in_o the_o scale_n and_o two_o hour_n after_o the_o decrement_n be_v 63_o grain_n none_o of_o the_o snow_n appear_v yet_o to_o be_v melt_v title_n xxi_o promiscuous_a experiment_n and_o observation_n concern_v cold._n power_n whether_o frost_n hinder_v odoriferous_a effluvia_fw-la from_o exert_v their_o power_n 1._o several_a flower_n be_v gather_v in_o december_n and_o january_n and_o hasty_o smelâ—ed_v 〈◊〉_d have_v no_o sensible_a effect_n on_o the_o sensory_a whicâ—_n phaenomenon_n i_o attribute_v to_o the_o frost_n hinder_v a_o sufficient_a quantity_n of_o spirituous_a sap_n from_o rise_v up_o into_o they_o and_o not_o that_o it_o prevent_v those_o spirituous_a part_n from_o emit_v effluvia_fw-la since_o a_o vigorous_a fresh_a primrose_n have_v a_o odour_n genuine_a and_o sweet_a 2._o rose-water_n be_v freeze_v when_o it_o be_v whole_o ice_n afford_v a_o genuine_a scent_n but_o something_o faint_a than_o when_o it_o be_v thaw_v again_o but_o in_o make_v these_o experiment_n it_o be_v requisite_a that_o the_o body_n smell_v at_o shall_v not_o be_v hold_v too_o long_o near_o the_o nose_n lest_o the_o warmth_n of_o one_o face_n shall_v help_v to_o excite_v those_o odoriferous_a part_n and_o consequent_o frustrate_v the_o trial_n 3._o stink_v water_n be_v expose_v to_o the_o cold_a and_o freeze_v be_v altogether_o inodorous_a 4._o it_o be_v report_v by_o several_a and_o attest_v by_o olearius_n that_o the_o russian_n and_o livonian_o enable_v themselves_o to_o bear_v cold_a extreme_o by_o go_v out_o of_o their_o store_n naked_a immediate_o into_o cold_a water_n and_o even_o ice_n itself_o 5._o have_v make_v use_n of_o a_o good_a
we_o consider_v the_o vast_a variety_n of_o body_n contain_v in_o and_o about_o our_o globe_n it_o can_v scarce_o be_v imagine_v that_o nature_n shall_v always_o keep_v to_o one_o constant_a and_o regular_a way_n of_o act_v but_o that_o in_o several_a particular_n she_o must_v deviate_v and_o operate_v various_o for_o not_o to_o mention_v that_o astronomer_n have_v observe_v even_o natural_a day_n to_o vary_v in_o length_n and_o have_v dispute_v much_o concern_v the_o anomalic_a assign_v to_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o sun_n apogeum_n the_o sun_n itself_o have_v be_v sometime_o observe_v to_o be_v even_o obscure_v by_o opacous_a matter_n as_o in_o caesar_n time_n and_o at_o the_o begin_n of_o augustus_n his_o government_n when_o the_o sun_n be_v for_o near_o a_o whole_a year_n obscure_v to_o which_o we_o may_v subjoin_v the_o number_n duration_n and_o vastness_n as_o well_o as_o motion_n of_o some_o comet_n and_o i_o be_o inform_v that_o in_o the_o northern_a hemisphere_n in_o that_o part_n of_o the_o galaxy_n which_o be_v not_o to_o be_v discern_v by_o we_o there_o be_v certain_a black_a and_o near_o the_o northern_a pole_n white_a cloud_n which_o move_v along_o with_o the_o galaxy_n in_o twenty_o four_o hour_n and_o these_o may_v be_v discern_v by_o those_o that_o sail_n 18_o degree_n south_n latitude_n but_o i_o shall_v not_o insist_v upon_o these_o as_o argument_n since_o i_o suspect_v those_o black_a cloud_n to_o be_v nothing_o but_o the_o azure_a sky_n appear_v through_o the_o galaxy_n and_o those_o white_a one_o to_o be_v only_a constellation_n like_o those_o of_o the_o galaxy_n or_o the_o belt_n of_o orion_n law_n nature_n may_v not_o always_o be_v exact_a in_o her_o law_n but_o have_v hint_v that_o nature_n may_v not_o always_o be_v exact_o regular_a in_o the_o motion_n of_o planet_n etc._n etc._n i_o shall_v here_o intimate_v that_o sometime_o we_o may_v think_v those_o motion_n which_o be_v periodical_a and_o return_v at_o set_a time_n irregular_a because_o we_o live_v not_o long_a enough_o to_o observe_v the_o frequent_a return_v of_o such_o change_n as_o we_o usual_o esteem_v prodigy_n in_o nature_n for_o it_o will_v as_o much_o be_v think_v strange_a to_o see_v tree_n blossom_n and_o fruit_n in_o the_o summer_n to_o a_o man_n that_o live_v but_o one_o year_n as_o several_a other_o phaenomena_n be_v strange_a to_o we_o who_o have_v not_o live_v long_o enough_o to_o have_v observe_v such_o phaenomena_n in_o their_o periodical_a turn_v before_o so_o before_o the_o different_a appearance_n of_o saturn_n have_v often_o be_v observe_v they_o be_v think_v prodigy_n but_o it_o be_v most_o remarkable_a that_o several_a star_n have_v periodical_o appear_v and_o disappear_v several_a time_n in_o the_o same_o place_n as_o have_v be_v observe_v in_o the_o girdle_n of_o andromeda_n and_o about_o the_o swan_n breast_n and_o another_o among_o the_o fix_a star_n in_o the_o whale_n neck_n these_o i_o say_v be_v most_o remarkable_a because_o they_o not_o only_o confirm_v what_o i_o have_v be_v say_v of_o the_o periodical_a appearance_n of_o some_o phaenomena_n but_o invalidate_n the_o philosophical_a system_n of_o some_o who_o allow_v of_o no_o vortices_fw-la beyond_o the_o concave_a surface_n of_o the_o firmament_n firmament_n vortices_fw-la beyond_o the_o concave_a surface_n of_o the_o firmament_n but_o if_o rather_o than_o to_o allow_v of_o vortices_fw-la beyond_o the_o surface_n of_o the_o firmament_n we_o will_v imagine_v the_o star_n which_o appear_v and_o disappear_v to_o have_v dark_a and_o light_a hemisphere_n which_o periodical_o turn_v towards_o our_o globe_n it_o will_v still_o be_v a_o argument_n to_o question_v the_o uniformity_n of_o the_o motion_n of_o some_o of_o the_o globe_n of_o the_o universe_n since_o at_o so_o vast_a a_o distance_n such_o considerable_a alteration_n be_v observable_a but_o to_o conclude_v this_o chapter_n it_o may_v be_v a_o question_n whether_o such_o prodigious_a change_n as_o be_v sometimus_fw-la observe_v may_v not_o by_o be_v frequent_o repeat_v become_v a_o custom_n and_o have_v a_o right_a to_o be_v reckon_v among_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n chap._n iii_o of_o the_o temperature_n of_o subterraneal_a region_n as_o to_o heat_n and_o cold._n for_o some_o reason_n have_v be_v unable_a to_o examine_v into_o the_o temper_n of_o the_o air_n in_o subterraneal_a region_n myself_o i_o shall_v rather_o give_v such_o a_o account_n of_o it_o as_o i_o have_v receive_v from_o several_a person_n grove_n the_o temper_n of_o the_o air_n in_o grove_n and_o first_o i_o shall_v relate_v a_o story_n of_o the_o temper_n of_o the_o air_n observe_v by_o a_o chemist_n who_o purposely_o travel_v into_o hungary_n which_o be_v the_o follow_v that_o go_v down_o into_o a_o grove_n at_o the_o first_o entrance_n of_o it_o he_o perceive_v the_o air_n sensible_o warm_a but_o present_o after_o for_o a_o quarter_n of_o a_o hour_n in_o his_o descent_n he_o feel_v it_o considerable_o cold_a which_o cold_a region_n be_v pass_v he_o begin_v to_o perceive_v it_o sensible_o warm_a and_o the_o low_a he_o descend_v the_o hot_a it_o grow_v so_o that_o in_o the_o low_a vein_n it_o be_v hot_a than_o the_o air_n above_o ground_n be_v usual_o in_o summer_n and_o this_o relation_n be_v confirm_v by_o a_o like_a observation_n make_v by_o a_o physician_n who_o tell_v i_o that_o in_o a_o mine_n who_o descent_n do_v not_o much_o exceed_v a_o hundred_o fathom_n the_o cold_a region_n be_v extend_v near_o to_o the_o bottom_n of_o it_o and_o this_o relation_n be_v agreeable_a with_o what_o morinus_n affirm_v viz._n that_o the_o cold_a region_n in_o a_o hungarian_a mine_n which_o he_o visit_v be_v extend_v 80_o fathom_n after_o which_o the_o heat_n sensible_o increase_v the_o low_a he_o descend_v and_o the_o same_o author_n affirm_v that_o beside_o the_o different_a temper_n of_o those_o region_n there_o be_v likewise_o observe_v a_o different_a degree_n of_o heat_n in_o the_o hot_a region_n correspondent_a to_o the_o different_a season_n of_o the_o year_n viz._n winter_n and_o summer_n i._n the_o temperature_n of_o subterraneal_a region_n consider_v under_o certain_a proposition_n prop._n i._n these_o thing_n premise_v in_o general_n i_o shall_v now_o proceed_v to_o consider_v the_o particular_a region_n of_o the_o earth_n in_o the_o four_o follow_a proposition_n proposition_n i._n the_o bound_n as_o well_o as_o temperature_n of_o the_o first_o region_n be_v very_o different_a the_o reason_n of_o both_o part_n of_o which_o proposition_n be_v plain_a since_o the_o sun_n beam_n must_v not_o only_o penetrate_v deep_a in_o the_o summer_n than_o the_o winter_n but_o also_o because_o the_o solidity_n or_o porousness_n of_o several_a part_n of_o the_o earth_n may_v dispose_v the_o soil_n to_o heat_n or_o coldness_n but_o to_o proceed_v it_o be_v remarkable_a that_o the_o uppermost_a region_n be_v much_o more_o temperate_a because_o both_o the_o violent_a impression_n of_o sun_n beam_n and_o rugged_a wind_n be_v keep_v off_o by_o the_o side_n of_o those_o subterraneal_a cavity_n and_o that_o the_o power_n of_o the_o sun_n beam_n be_v much_o weaken_a by_o those_o side_n be_v plain_a since_o by_o such_o like_a mean_n the_o heat_n of_o the_o sun_n may_v be_v so_o break_v as_o to_o preserve_v ice_n from_o thaw_v all_o summer_n and_o not_o only_o so_o but_o if_o those_o subterraneal_a cavity_n be_v sufficient_o guard_v with_o a_o cover_n of_o brick_n well_o clay_v over_o and_o be_v by_o that_o mean_n preserve_v from_o any_o intercourse_n with_o the_o external_n air_n it_o may_v be_v preserve_v without_o dig_v deep_a into_o the_o ground_n as_o be_v observe_v in_o the_o south_n part_n of_o france_n so_o that_o though_o the_o coldness_n of_o subterraneal_a cavity_n may_v conduce_v yet_o it_o be_v not_o altogether_o requisite_a to_o preserve_v ice_n from_o a_o thaw_v but_o the_o subterraneal_a region_n be_v not_o only_o preserve_v from_o excessive_a heat_n by_o prevent_v the_o intercourse_n of_o the_o internal_a and_o the_o external_n air_n but_o may_v be_v considerable_o lessen_v in_o such_o cavity_n as_o be_v considerable_o expose_v to_o the_o open_a air_n as_o i_o myself_o have_v observe_v in_o a_o iron_n mine_v not_o above_o twelve_o foot_n deep_a as_o as_o it_o be_v to_o be_v observe_v that_o this_o cold_a region_n of_o the_o air_n be_v not_o apt_a to_o be_v influence_v by_o external_a heat_n in_o the_o summer_n so_o neither_o be_v the_o hot_a region_n subject_a to_o be_v alter_v much_o by_o the_o external_a cold_a in_o winter_n which_o appear_v from_o the_o smoke_n of_o some_o spring_n in_o winter_n which_o be_v supply_v with_o water_n which_o have_v run_v a_o considerable_a depth_n in_o the_o ground_n or_o pass_v through_o some_o earth_n that_o be_v fit_o dispose_v to_o warm_v it_o in_o its_o passage_n but_o further_a that_o winter_n cold_a be_v much_o more_o
it_o become_v very_o violent_a referentes_fw-la balbini_n hist_o bohem._n l._n 1._o c._n 9_o demontibus_fw-la &_o the_o valle_o lavezka_n p._n 29._o chanowsky_n in_o vestigio_fw-la boh._n piae_fw-la c._n ult_n montes_n parte_fw-la eltera_fw-la aestatem_fw-la altera_fw-la hicmem_fw-la referentes_fw-la de_fw-fr montibus_fw-la ad_fw-la bavariam_n stantibus_fw-la mira_fw-la est_fw-la alberti_fw-la chanowii_fw-la nostri_fw-la narratio_fw-la post_fw-la bergreichensteinam_fw-la oppidum_fw-la fodinis_fw-la hodieque_fw-la nobile_fw-la esse_fw-la montes_fw-la non_fw-la tam_fw-la situ_fw-la alii_fw-la enim_fw-la ad_fw-la septentrionem_fw-la alii_fw-la ad_fw-la meridiem_fw-la latus_fw-la obvertunt_fw-la quam_fw-la coelo_fw-la &_o temporibus_fw-la adversantes_fw-la vallibus_fw-la latissimis_fw-la montes_fw-la illos_fw-la dirimentibus_fw-la monstri_fw-la instar_fw-la est_fw-la quod_fw-la se_fw-la vidisse_fw-la &_o anno_fw-la 1639._o in_fw-la rem_fw-la praesentem_fw-la venisse_fw-la religiosissimus_fw-la ille_fw-la &_o apostolicus_n vir_fw-la asserit_fw-la in_fw-la altero_fw-la monte_fw-fr saepius_fw-la aestatem_fw-la in_fw-la altero_fw-la apposito_fw-la hiemem_fw-la dominari_fw-la it_o a_o ille_fw-la succus_fw-la aestivat_fw-la hic_fw-la altissimis_fw-la nivibus_fw-la obsitus_fw-la à _fw-la viatore_fw-la superari_fw-la non_fw-la potest_fw-la ob_fw-la eamque_fw-la causam_fw-la mess_n ipsae_fw-la variant_n &_o dumb_a in_o montibus_fw-la ad_fw-la nos_fw-la obversis_fw-la demessa_fw-la sunt_fw-la omne_fw-la ibid._n id._n ibid._n altera_fw-la montium_fw-la parte_fw-la seges_fw-la virescit_fw-la mirius_n illud_fw-la quod_fw-la in_o biessinentibus_fw-la &_o czachroviensibus_fw-la agris_fw-la in_o tractu_fw-la plsnensi_fw-la contiguis_fw-la quos_fw-la unus_fw-la tantum_fw-la sulcus_fw-la dirimit_fw-la ac_fw-la dividit_fw-la deprehenditur_fw-la czachrovienses_fw-la adhuc_fw-la hibernant_a cum_fw-la in_o biessinensi_fw-la coelum_fw-la ardeat_fw-la ibi_fw-la caput_fw-la attollit_fw-la humo_fw-la frumentum_fw-la cum_fw-la czachrovii_n adolescit_fw-la in_o culmum_fw-la clemento_fw-la quoque_fw-la dispari_fw-la illud_fw-la riget_fw-la hoc_fw-la tepet_fw-la &_o ferveâ—_n eâque_fw-la ex_fw-la causâ_fw-la dum_fw-la czachrovienses_fw-la bene_fw-la pelliti_fw-la ingrediuntur_fw-la biessinenses_n pellibus_fw-la onerari_fw-la se_fw-la sentiunt_fw-la villosque_fw-la deponunt_fw-la aliquid_fw-la tale_n anno_fw-la 1652._o mihi_fw-la quoque_fw-la accidisse_fw-la memini_fw-la nam_fw-la cum_fw-la glacio_fw-la zambergam_fw-la in_o bohemia_n contenderem_fw-la &_o glacio_fw-la ob_fw-la nives_fw-la altissimas_fw-la certum_fw-la vehiculi_fw-la genus_fw-la quod_fw-la trahas_fw-la dicimus_fw-la sumpsissem_fw-la superatis_fw-la montibus_fw-la qui_fw-la comitatum_fw-la glacensem_fw-la à _fw-la bohemia_n dividunt_fw-la subitò_fw-la alia_fw-la rerum_fw-la facies_fw-la apparuit_fw-la altero_fw-la enim_fw-la montium_fw-la latere_fw-la viridia_fw-la omne_fw-la reperimus_fw-la sic_fw-la ut_fw-la trahae_n nulli_fw-la jam_fw-la rei_fw-la &_o usui_fw-la essent_fw-la &_o currum_fw-la petere_fw-la cogeremur_fw-la nisi_fw-la in_o luto_fw-la natare_fw-la placuisset_fw-la at_o accolae_fw-la montium_fw-la illorum_fw-la quotannis_fw-la id_fw-la sibi_fw-la accidere_fw-la confirmabant_fw-la ut_fw-la unum_fw-la latus_fw-la montium_fw-la profundissimae_fw-la nives_fw-la contegerent_n quando_fw-la alterum_fw-la latus_fw-la lectissimos_fw-la flores_fw-la proferret_fw-la &_o cum_fw-la ibi_fw-la omne_fw-la ventis_fw-la verti_fw-la viderentur_fw-la apud_fw-la se_fw-la è_fw-la floribus_fw-la suavissimos_fw-la odores_fw-la efflari_fw-la i_o be_v tell_v by_o a_o gentleman_n who_o several_a time_n go_v down_o into_o the_o hungarian_a gold_n mine_n at_o cremonitz_n that_o when_o he_o be_v draw_v up_o the_o groove_n which_o be_v about_o 100_o foot_n deep_a as_o soon_o as_o he_o ascend_v half_o the_o way_n he_o perceive_v the_o air_n sensible_o warm_a which_o continue_v several_a foot_n near_o the_o day_n in_o which_o region_n he_o observe_v several_a vein_n of_o native_a vitriol_n of_o different_a colour_n which_o be_v soft_a under_o ground_n and_o be_v expose_v to_o the_o open_a air_n present_o harden_v under_o the_o torrid_a zone_n the_o mariner_n i_o be_o tell_v hang_v up_o their_o bottle_n of_o liquor_n in_o a_o linen_n cloth_n that_o the_o wind_n may_v blow_v upon_o it_o by_o which_o mean_v it_o will_v be_v cool_v enough_o to_o make_v it_o fit_a for_o drink_v the_o heat_n of_o the_o sun_n be_v so_o violent_a in_o some_o part_n of_o moscovy_n norway_n and_o especial_o at_o mozambique_n that_o it_o often_o set_v the_o very_a house_n on_o fire_n which_o i_o the_o less_o wonder_n at_o in_o the_o latter_a place_n because_o they_o build_v their_o house_n with_o a_o stone_n that_o abound_v with_o sulphur_n viu._n when_o the_o sun_n be_v in_o the_o zenith_n the_o sandy_a ground_n be_v so_o hot_a that_o they_o can_v scarce_o endure_v to_o tread_v on_o it_o vn_fw-fr gentilhomme_fw-fr de_fw-fr mes_fw-fr s_n plein_fw-fr de_fw-fr merit_n &_o digne_fw-fr de_fw-fr creance_n i_o man_v entre_fw-fr plusieures_fw-fr choses_fw-fr extraordinaires_fw-fr qu'il_fw-fr a_fw-fr obseruées_fw-fr proche_n de_fw-fr barege_fw-la aux_fw-fr pyrenées_n qu'il_fw-fr y_fw-fr a_fw-fr des_fw-fr pont_n de_fw-fr niege_n d'un_fw-fr rocher_n à _fw-fr lautre_fw-fr pardessous_fw-fr les_fw-fr quell_v passent_fw-la des_fw-fr torrent_n il_fw-fr en_fw-fr a_fw-fr vu_fw-fr un_fw-fr qui_fw-fr embrace_v deux_fw-fr torrent_n &_o qui_fw-la a_o vint_fw-fr neuf_fw-fr toise_n de_fw-fr long_a &_o autant_fw-fr de_fw-fr large_a par_fw-fr dessus_fw-fr il_fw-fr y_fw-fr a_fw-fr par_fw-fr dessous_fw-fr ce_fw-fr pont_n neuf_fw-fr toise_n &_o demie_fw-fr entre_fw-fr les_fw-fr naissance_n de_fw-fr la_fw-fr voute_fw-fr les_fw-fr pont_n sont_fw-fr tellement_fw-fr fort_n qu'_fw-fr il_fw-fr estime_fw-fr que_fw-fr du_fw-fr canon_n y_fw-fr passeroit_fw-fr &_o il_fw-mi a_o fait_fw-fr rouler_n de_fw-fr gross_v piece_n par_fw-fr dessus_fw-fr le_fw-fr tremblement_n de_fw-fr terre_fw-fr que_fw-fr souffrit_fw-fr la_fw-fr syrie_n l'an_n 750._o ne_fw-fr fut_fw-fr gueres_fw-la moins_fw-fr surprenant_fw-fr puisque_fw-fr la_fw-fr terre_fw-fr s'estant_n ouverte_fw-fr de_fw-fr toutes_fw-fr part_n plusieurs_fw-fr villis_fw-la furent_fw-fr abîmèes_fw-la d'autres_fw-fr renversées_fw-fr &_o quelques_fw-fr unes_fw-fr qui_fw-fr estoient_fw-fr eleuées_fw-fr sur_fw-fr des_fw-fr hauteure_n transportées_fw-fr dans_fw-fr des_fw-fr plain_n eloignées_fw-fr de_fw-fr six_o mille_fw-la de_fw-fr leur_fw-fr situation_n on_o en_fw-fr peut_fw-fr dire_fw-fr autant_fw-fr du_fw-fr froid_fw-fr extreme_a qui_fw-fr l'an_n 753._o glaça_v le_fw-fr pont-euxin_n a_o la_fw-fr longueur_fw-fr de_fw-fr cent_n mille_fw-la &_o toute_fw-fr l'estendue_a de_fw-fr la_fw-fr mer_fw-fr voisine_n jusq_fw-la '_o à _fw-fr 30_o condées_fw-fr de_fw-fr profondeur_fw-fr quoy_fw-fr qu'on_n ne_fw-fr fût_fw-fr encore_fw-fr qu'au_fw-fr commencement_n de_fw-fr l'automne_n journal_n de_fw-fr scavans_n iii_o 1685._o it_o be_v the_o custom_n at_o guinea_n to_o cool_v their_o water_n by_o bury_v it_o all_o night_n under_o ground_n and_o on_o the_o contrary_a in_o some_o place_n it_o be_v so_o excessive_a cold_a that_o in_o the_o wood_n it_o will_v freeze_v our_o eyelid_n the_o outside_n of_o the_o house_n will_v be_v half_o cover_v with_o snow_n and_o icicles_a will_v hang_v on_o the_o inside_n the_o clothes_n on_o our_o bed_n will_v be_v cover_v with_o a_o hoar_a frost_n and_o water_n which_o stand_v near_o the_o fire_n will_v have_v one_o side_n hot_a and_o the_o other_o freeze_v the_o sea_n will_v be_v freeze_v up_o till_o the_o beginning_n of_o june_n and_o the_o ground_n till_o the_o beginning_n of_o july_n capt._n james_n i_o be_v tell_v by_o one_o who_o ascend_v to_o the_o top_n of_o the_o picinino_n de_fw-fr medi_fw-la a_o pyrenean_n mountain_n that_o though_o the_o north_n side_n be_v coveree_v with_o snow_n yet_o the_o heat_n of_o the_o sunshine_n can_v scarce_o be_v endure_v on_o the_o south_n side_n this_o hill_n be_v so_o high_a that_o it_o may_v be_v see_v from_o montauban_n 27_o league_n distant_a a_o ingenious_a physician_n tell_v i_o that_o though_o jalap_v at_o tangier_n may_v be_v reduce_v to_o powder_n yet_o at_o morocco_n it_o be_v so_o melt_v by_o the_o heat_n of_o the_o air_n as_o to_o become_v incapable_a of_o be_v powder_v nell_n capo_fw-la di_fw-it comorino_fw-it si_fw-la termina_fw-la cosi_fw-la in_o esta_fw-es come_v in_o inverno_fw-la dalla_fw-la parte_fw-la di_fw-it la_fw-fr dal_n capo_fw-la verso_fw-it notte_fw-it &_o dal'altra_fw-la parte_fw-la correspond_v illi_fw-la â—â—mpo_fw-la assai_fw-la contrario_fw-la è_fw-it eiverso_fw-it di_fw-it maniera_fw-fr che_fw-it chi_fw-mi va_fw-fr navigando_fw-la per_fw-la quella_fw-it costae_fw-la nel_fw-it mese_fw-it di_fw-it ottobre_n sino_fw-la ad_fw-la aprile_a naviga_fw-la nel_fw-it esta_fw-es è_fw-gr non_fw-it pvo_fw-it in_fw-it tutto_fw-mi questo_fw-la tempo_fw-la passare_fw-la il_fw-fr capo_fw-la per_fw-la esser_fw-it ivi_fw-la la_fw-it stagione_fw-la del_fw-it inverno_fw-it &_o il_fw-fr puere_fw-fr i_o resiede_n nelle_fw-it chies_n ch'_fw-it appartengono_fw-it all_o capo_n di_fw-fr comorino_n ne_fw-fr alcune_fw-fr la_fw-fr state_n il_fw-it che_fw-it e_fw-it cosa_fw-mi di_fw-it grand_fw-mi meraviglia_fw-it essendo_fw-la cio_o nel_fw-it medessimo_fw-la tempo_fw-it nella_fw-it distanza_n sola_fw-la ment_fw-la di_fw-it due_n o_o three_fw-mi miglia_fw-it a_o eminent_a virtuoso_fw-la descend_v into_o a_o mine_n in_o tirol_n 1800_o foot_n deep_a without_o take_v notice_n of_o any_o hot_a region_n by_o the_o way_n and_o at_o the_o bottom_n the_o air_n be_v so_o temperate_a that_o notwithstanding_o what_o be_v say_v of_o antiperistasis_n no_o intense_a cold_a be_v retreat_v thither_o to_o shun_v the_o heat_n of_o the_o superior_a air._n one_o that_o descend_v into_o several_a mine_n in_o england_n
garden_n about_o 2_o after_o ten_o night_n frost_n the_o ground_n in_o the_o garden_n be_v freeze_v about_o 6_o inch_n ½_n and_o that_o in_o the_o orchard_n be_v freeze_v 8_o ½_n or_o more_o eight_o day_n after_o it_o be_v freeze_v about_o a_o foot_n deep_a 5._o a_o pipe_n of_o glass_n 18_o inch_n long_o be_v thrust_v down_o into_o a_o hole_n in_o the_o ground_n the_o surface_n of_o the_o water_n contain_v in_o it_o be_v level_a with_o the_o earth_n the_o next_o morning_n the_o whole_a capacity_n of_o the_o cylinder_n be_v freeze_v 3_o inch_n from_o which_o stick_v of_o ice_n a_o part_n of_o the_o cylinder_n be_v freeze_v 6_o inch_n deep_a but_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o water_n remain_v unfreeze_v the_o ground_n in_o the_o garden_n that_o night_n be_v freeze_v ten_o inch_n deep_a 6._o it_o have_v be_v observe_v that_o in_o moscow_n the_o ground_n in_o a_o garden_n be_v not_o freeze_v above_o two_o foot_n deep_a but_o capt._n james_n say_v in_o charlton-island_n he_o observe_v the_o ground_n freeze_v ten_o foot_n deep_a and_o the_o same_o author_n in_o his_o journal_n p._n 86._o say_v that_o the_o water_n do_v not_o freeze_v natural_o above_o six_o foot_n one_o particular_a referrable_a to_o the_o xiii_o title_n i_o be_o tell_v that_o a_o lee-ward_n of_o great_a bank_n of_o ice_n they_o may_v discover_v they_o by_o the_o access_n of_o cold_a twenty_o league_n title_n fourteen_o experiment_n concern_v the_o different_a medium_n through_o which_o cold_a may_v be_v diffuse_v diffuse_v of_o the_o medium_n through_o which_o cold_a may_v be_v diffuse_v in_o try_v these_o experiment_n we_o be_v to_o take_v notice_n that_o the_o medium_n be_v not_o to_o be_v too_o thick_a since_o from_o experiment_n already_o deliver_v it_o appear_v that_o a_o compact_n medium_fw-la very_o thick_o will_v not_o give_v way_n to_o cold._n 1._o have_v place_v a_o mixture_n of_o snow_n and_o salt_n in_o a_o pipkin_n and_o another_o in_o a_o white_a basin_n glaze_v within_o and_o without_o they_o be_v both_o incrustate_v with_o ice_n and_o that_o cold_a will_v penetrate_v pewter-bottle_n appear_v from_o experiment_n already_o lay_v down_o 2._o have_v cause_v two_o cup_n to_o be_v make_v of_o latin_a or_o plate_n of_o iron_n cover_v over_o with_o tin_n the_o convex_a part_n of_o one_o of_o which_o be_v less_o than_o the_o concave_n of_o the_o other_o and_o the_o less_o have_v a_o broad_a ledge_n by_o the_o help_n of_o which_o it_o rest_v on_o the_o brim_n of_o the_o other_o so_o as_o to_o leave_v a_o interval_n betwixt_o its_o convex_a superficies_n and_o the_o concave_a of_o the_o other_o we_o fill_v that_o interval_n with_o water_n and_o put_v a_o mixture_n of_o ice_n and_o salt_n within_o the_o less_o cup_n and_o on_o the_o outside_n of_o the_o other_o we_o have_v cup_n of_o ice_n make_v of_o the_o enclose_a water_n 2._o the_o learned_a erasmus_n bartholinus_n in_o his_o discourse_n de_fw-fr figura_fw-la nivis_fw-la mention_n a_o experiment_n by_o which_o air_n be_v turn_v into_o water_n in_o the_o midst_n of_o heat_n viz._n ice_n or_o snow_n be_v put_v into_o a_o a_o funnel_n which_o he_o suppose_v refrigerates_n and_o condense_n the_o ambient_fw-la air_n but_o i_o rather_o think_v that_o the_o dew_n which_o he_o suppose_v to_o be_v condense_v air_n be_v make_v up_o of_o moist_a vapour_n swim_v in_o it_o which_o be_v so_o small_a in_o quantity_n that_o have_v suspend_v a_o tunnel_n in_o the_o air_n with_o a_o mixture_n of_o snow_n and_o salt_n which_o be_v much_o more_o refrigerate_v than_o either_o ice_n or_o snow_n by_o themselves_o it_o gather_v but_o a_o very_a small_a quantity_n and_o that_o too_o last_v no_o long_a than_o whilst_o the_o mixture_n be_v dissolve_v beside_o those_o condense_a vapour_n be_v first_o freeze_v before_o they_o drop_v down_o in_o the_o form_n of_o water_n 3._o that_o in_o hermetical_o seal_v glass_n a_o mixture_n of_o snow_n and_o salt_n will_v freeze_v vapour_n on_o the_o outside_n be_v evident_a from_o what_o 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dispose_v to_o influence_n the_o superficial_a region_n of_o the_o earth_n than_o the_o hot_a one_o which_o lie_v under_o it_o appear_v from_o reason_n itself_o and_o may_v be_v further_o confirm_v by_o observe_v that_o even_o water_n in_o freeze_a losâ—â—_n its_o fluidity_n and_o put_v on_o the_o form_n of_o ice_n first_o in_o those_o part_n which_o be_v most_o contiguous_a to_o the_o air_n and_o subject_a to_o the_o influence_n of_o external_n cold_n and_o it_o be_v observe_v not_o only_o in_o england_n but_o also_o in_o russia_n that_o if_o wine_n or_o beer_n be_v keep_v in_o a_o cellar_n well_o roof_v over_o and_o about_o twelve_o foot_n deep_a it_o may_v be_v preserve_v from_o freeze_a notwithstanding_o the_o violence_n of_o external_a cold_a where_o it_o be_v to_o be_v observe_v that_o the_o warmth_n of_o those_o vault_n do_v not_o only_o depend_v on_o the_o exclusion_n of_o external_n air_n but_o also_o on_o the_o steam_n of_o those_o ferment_a liquor_n together_o with_o some_o 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proposition_n it_o be_v observe_v that_o in_o several_a place_n which_o may_v be_v refer_v to_o this_o middle_a region_n the_o temperature_n of_o the_o air_n be_v different_a at_o the_o same_o season_n of_o the_o year_n which_o be_v evident_a both_o from_o reason_n and_o experience_n and_o first_o from_o experience_n it_o have_v be_v learn_v by_o those_o who_o have_v often_o be_v in_o those_o hungarian_a mine_n as_o well_o as_o some_o here_o in_o england_n and_o indeed_o if_o we_o consider_v the_o different_a heat_n in_o different_a climate_n but_o more_o peculiar_o the_o difference_n in_o soil_n it_o will_v not_o be_v less_o consonant_a to_o reason_n for_o the_o soil_n may_v be_v more_o or_o less_o porous_a and_o compact_a soyl._n the_o different_a temper_n of_o subterraneal_a region_n may_v be_v vary_v by_o the_o soyl._n and_o may_v have_v different_a substance_n mix_v with_o it_o or_o run_v through_o it_o which_o may_v alter_v the_o temper_n of_o it_o for_o there_o be_v not_o always_o that_o regular_a order_n in_o nature_n which_o be_v in_o our_o thought_n of_o she_o since_o salt_n marchasite_n and_o mineral_n be_v disperse_v through_o the_o middle_a as_o well_o as_o the_o low_a region_n of_o the_o earth_n and_o may_v by_o impregnate_v those_o fluid_n which_o run_v through_o the_o earth_n cause_n different_a refrigerate_a effluvia_fw-la to_o affect_v various_a part_n of_o the_o same_o region_n as_o if_o in_o one_o place_n it_o be_v impregnate_v with_o nitre_n and_o in_o another_o with_o marchasitical_a earth_n the_o coldness_n of_o the_o former_a must_v render_v that_o part_n of_o the_o region_n the_o cold_a of_o the_o two_o beside_o the_o temper_n of_o they_o may_v differ_v upon_o the_o account_n of_o the_o soil_n itself_o which_o vary_v according_a to_o the_o several_a degree_n of_o its_o maturity_n so_o that_o for_o these_o reason_n the_o temper_n of_o effluvia_fw-la may_v be_v different_a in_o the_o same_o place_n at_o one_o time_n from_o what_o they_o be_v at_o another_o in_o the_o same_o place_n not_o to_o mention_v those_o difference_n which_o it_o may_v undergo_v by_o several_a other_o accident_n and_o the_o subterraneal_a effluvia_fw-la which_o ascend_v more_o or_o less_o from_o the_o low_a region_n and_o before_o i_o leave_v this_o proposition_n it_o may_v be_v necessary_a to_o advertise_v that_o the_o different_a degree_n of_o heat_n or_o cold_a in_o the_o several_a region_n of_o the_o earth_n be_v not_o easy_o discover_v by_o those_o thermoscope_n which_o be_v usual_o make_v use_n of_o to_o distinguish_v such_o difference_n because_o the_o pillar_n of_o air_n which_o press_v upon_o the_o liquor_n may_v differ_v in_o its_o pressure_n according_a to_o the_o length_n of_o it_o it_o be_v long_o and_o consequent_o heavy_a the_o low_a it_o descend_v but_o to_o pass_v to_o the_o three_o region_n comprise_v in_o the_o follow_a proposition_n iii_o prop._n iii_o viz._n that_o the_o temper_n of_o the_o three_o region_n be_v warm_a which_o warmth_n vary_v in_o several_a place_n that_o it_o be_v warm_a and_o that_o that_o heat_n vary_v in_o several_a place_n i_o think_v be_v sufficient_o attest_v by_o the_o several_a person_n that_o have_v go_v down_o into_o those_o mine_n but_o as_o for_o the_o cause_n of_o it_o those_o be_v not_o so_o easy_o discover_v for_o i_o be_o not_o a_o little_a incline_v to_o suspect_v that_o consider_v the_o closeness_n of_o those_o cavity_n in_o which_o they_o work_v the_o effluvium_n of_o their_o own_o body_n and_o of_o the_o metal_n they_o work_v in_o may_v in_o some_o measure_n contribute_v to_o it_o fire_n the_o effect_n of_o subterraneal_a fire_n but_o to_o pass_v by_o this_o suspicion_n i_o shall_v rather_o brief_o intimate_v that_o i_o conceive_v the_o earth_n to_o be_v stock_v with_o store_n of_o subterraneal_a fire_n and_o that_o several_a calorifick_a quality_n be_v carry_v up_o through_o cleft_n and_o vein_n in_o the_o earth_n cause_n a_o sensible_a heat_n to_o be_v diffuse_v through_o the_o whole_a and_o that_o there_o be_v such_o steam_n appear_v manifest_o from_o those_o damp_n which_o be_v often_o observe_v in_o grove_n not_o only_o in_o england_n but_o germany_n bohemia_n hungary_n etc._n etc._n which_o be_v sometime_o so_o bituminous_a and_o sulphureous_a in_o smell_n as_o to_o be_v apt_a to_o take_v actual_a fire_n but_o one_o thing_n i_o must_v intimate_v here_o which_o be_v that_o though_o i_o be_o induce_v to_o believe_v for_o some_o reason_n this_o argument_n valid_a yet_o i_o be_o not_o without_o a_o suspicion_n that_o notwithstanding_o the_o aptness_n which_o these_o exhalation_n have_v to_o take_v flame_n yet_o even_o several_a cold_a steam_n may_v rise_v from_o the_o low_a part_n of_o the_o earth_n which_o may_v acquire_v heat_n in_o the_o upper_a region_n for_o we_o see_v that_o several_a substance_n which_o be_v apt_a enough_o to_o take_v flame_n have_v not_o the_o least_o sensible_a heat_n in_o their_o part_n before_o nay_o be_v so_o far_o from_o that_o that_o salt-petre_n which_o be_v so_o apt_a to_o flame_n will_n by_o be_v dissolve_v in_o water_n add_v a_o considerable_a degree_n of_o coldness_n to_o it_o and_o the_o like_a may_v be_v observe_v in_o spirit_n of_o wine_n who_o spirit_n though_o easy_o inflammable_a affect_v not_o the_o touch_n with_o the_o least_o heat_n if_o raise_v in_o the_o form_n of_o a_o vapour_n but_o that_o which_o incline_v i_o to_o be_v of_o the_o opinion_n just_o now_o mention_v be_v that_o not_o only_a morinus_n but_o several_a other_o have_v observe_v the_o exhalation_n of_o mine_n considerable_o hot_a in_o summer_n time_n and_o the_o experience_a agricola_n have_v oserve_v that_o the_o mineral_n steam_n which_o pervade_v the_o earth_n be_v so_o powerful_a as_o not_o to_o permit_v a_o horefrost_n to_o lie_v upon_o the_o ground_n which_o they_o lie_v under_o and_o the_o like_a have_v be_v
observe_v upon_o coal-mine_n and_o i_o remember_v that_o a_o acquaintance_n of_o i_o show_v i_o a_o piece_n of_o land_n which_o be_v so_o powerful_o penetrate_v with_o warm_a effluvia_fw-la that_o snow_n will_v not_o lie_v upon_o it_o above_o two_o day_n be_v the_o wether_n never_o so_o cold_a which_o have_v be_v confirm_v by_o frequent_a observation_n except_o where_o layer_n of_o rock_n or_o some_o other_o stony_a concretes_n obstruct_v the_o passage_n of_o those_o mineral_n steam_n to_o which_o may_v be_v add_v that_o the_o steam_n near_o gold-mine_n be_v so_o copious_a in_o hungary_n as_o to_o give_v the_o leau_n of_o the_o tree_n a_o golden-colour_n but_o notwithstane_v these_o instance_n i_o be_o apt_a to_o doubt_v that_o there_o be_v several_a part_n of_o the_o three_o region_n which_o by_o reason_n of_o their_o remoteness_n from_o such_o subterraneal_a fire_n have_v not_o that_o heat_n but_o since_o these_o thing_n be_v but_o uncertain_o guess_v at_o none_o have_v so_o great_a curiosity_n as_o to_o be_v at_o the_o charge_n to_o dig_v deep_a enough_o without_o prospect_n of_o gain_n i_o shall_v rather_o proceed_v to_o consider_v that_o proceed_v whence_o the_o unusual_a heat_n in_o some_o mine_n proceed_v beside_o the_o forementioned_a cause_n there_o be_v in_o some_o mine_n such_o a_o degree_n of_o heat_n as_o can_v be_v account_v for_o without_o another_o cause_n the_o incalescence_n be_v so_o great_a as_o not_o to_o be_v produce_v without_o the_o concourse_n of_o some_o other_o mineral-steams_n or_o water_n to_o work_v upon_o and_o promote_v the_o mutual_a action_n and_o operation_n of_o the_o volatile_a and_o active_a part_n of_o those_o mine_n and_o that_o such_o incalescenses_n may_v be_v produce_v in_o the_o bowel_n of_o the_o earth_n i_o have_v elsewhere_o observe_v and_o further_o that_o immature_n mineral_n such_o as_o marchasite_n who_o part_n be_v impregnate_v with_o vitriol_n and_o sulphureous_a part_n may_v by_o reason_n of_o their_o aptness_n to_o be_v dissolve_v be_v able_a to_o cause_v such_o effect_n we_o may_v be_v induce_v to_o believe_v because_o vitriol_n have_v not_o only_o be_v find_v in_o several_a mine_n in_o hungary_n but_o likewise_o such_o strong_a and_o corrosive_a effluvium_n as_o be_v very_o offensive_a to_o respiration_n and_o in_o a_o little_a time_n fatal_a to_o those_o that_o venture_v to_o work_v in_o they_o and_o there_o be_v one_o thing_n further_o remarkable_a that_o several_a piece_n of_o vitriol_n which_o be_v find_v in_o the_o bottom_n of_o some_o of_o those_o mine_n of_o a_o soft_a consistence_n present_o when_o bring_v up_o and_o expose_v to_o the_o open_a air_n grow_v hard_o retain_v several_a golden_a streak_n in_o it_o but_o there_o be_v one_o thing_n here_o to_o be_v note_v which_o be_v that_o in_o grove_n which_o be_v very_o deep_a the_o air_n be_v so_o unfit_a for_o respiration_n as_o to_o want_v a_o frequent_a ventilation_n so_o that_o the_o miner_n be_v wont_a to_o sink_v a_o air-shaft_n as_o they_o term_v it_o some_o pace_n off_o the_o grove_n that_o the_o air_n pass_v from_o the_o grove_n to_o that_o by_o a_o short_a of_o channel_n or_o ventiduct_n which_o agricola_n lib._n v._n and_o vi_fw-la de_fw-mi re_fw-mi metallica_fw-la call_v cuniculus_fw-la may_v keep_v the_o internal_a air_n in_o such_o a_o temper_n as_o to_o make_v it_o fit_a to_o breathe_v in_o though_o the_o mine_n be_v 200_o yard_n deep_a and_o agricola_n in_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr re_fw-mi metallica_fw-la give_v further_a the_o follow_a account_n of_o the_o course_n of_o the_o air_n in_o these_o cuniculi_fw-la or_o air-shaft_n in_o these_o word_n aer_fw-la autem_fw-la exterior_a se_fw-la suâ_fw-la sponte_fw-la fundit_fw-la in_o cava_fw-la terrae_fw-la atque_fw-la cum_fw-la per_fw-la ea_fw-la penetrare_fw-la potest_fw-la rursus_fw-la evolat_fw-la foras_fw-la sed_fw-la diversa_fw-la ratione_fw-la hoc_fw-la fieri_fw-la solet_fw-la etenim_fw-la vernis_fw-la &_o aestivis_fw-la diebus_fw-la in_o altiorem_fw-la puteum_fw-la influit_fw-la &_o per_fw-la cuniculum_n vel_fw-la fossam_fw-la latentem_fw-la permeat_fw-la ac_fw-la ex_fw-la humiliori_fw-la effluit_fw-la similiter_fw-la iisdem_fw-la diebus_fw-la in_o altiorem_fw-la cuniculum_n infunditur_fw-la ac_fw-la interjecto_fw-la puteo_fw-la defluit_fw-la in_o humiliorem_fw-la cuniculum_n atque_fw-la ex_fw-la eo_fw-la emanat_fw-la autumnali_fw-la &_o hyberno_fw-la tempore_fw-la contra_fw-la in_o cuniculum_n vel_fw-la puteum_fw-la humiliorem_fw-la intrat_fw-la &_o ex_fw-la altiori_fw-la exit_fw-la verum_fw-la ea_fw-la fluxionum_fw-la aeris_fw-la mutatio_fw-la in_o temperatis_fw-la regionibus_fw-la fit_a in_fw-la initio_fw-la veris_fw-la ac_fw-la in_o sine_fw-la autumni_fw-la in_fw-la frigidis_fw-la autem_fw-la in_o fine_a veris_fw-la &_o in_o initio_fw-la autumni_fw-la to_o which_o he_o add_v sed_fw-la aer_fw-la utroque_fw-la tempore_fw-la antequam_fw-la cursum_fw-la suum_fw-la illum_fw-la consuetum_fw-la constant_a teneat_fw-la plerumque_fw-la quatuordecem_fw-la dierum_fw-la spatio_fw-la crebras_fw-la habet_fw-la mutationes_fw-la modo_fw-la in_o altiorem_fw-la puteum_fw-la vel_fw-la cuniculum_n influens_fw-la modo_fw-la in_o humiliorem_fw-la and_o these_o thing_n may_v give_v we_o some_o reason_n to_o believe_v that_o there_o be_v in_o the_o earth_n several_a periodical_a change_n in_o the_o temperature_n of_o those_o region_n which_o deserve_v our_o consideration_n but_o have_v several_a time_n inquire_v about_o these_o thing_n i_o be_o inform_v that_o the_o air_n general_o go_v in_o the_o same_o way_n both_o winter_n and_o summer_n enter_v the_o air-shaft_n and_o come_v out_o of_o the_o perpendicular_a grove_n but_o to_o conclude_v this_o chapter_n from_o what_o have_v be_v say_v it_o may_v appear_v that_o though_o in_o some_o mine_n the_o earth_n seem_v to_o be_v distinguish_v into_o three_o rgion_n yet_o general_o the_o temperature_n of_o the_o whole_a be_v various_a and_o uncertain_a and_o much_o more_o uncertain_a be_v it_o what_o be_v the_o constitution_n of_o the_o central_n part_v of_o it_o and_o whether_o that_o be_v divide_v into_o distinct_a region_n or_o what_o be_v the_o state_n and_o texture_n as_o well_o as_o consistency_n of_o its_o part_n we_o must_v be_v content_a to_o be_v ignorant_a of_o since_o one_o of_o the_o deep_a mine_n we_o have_v hear_v of_o be_v mention_v by_o agricola_n in_o his_o book_n call_v bormannus_n cap._n 12._o be_v at_o cotteberg_n which_o exceed_v not_o 500_o fathom_n and_o if_o according_a to_o gassendus_fw-la the_o semi-diameter_n of_o our_o globe_n be_v 4177_o italian_a mile_n what_o a_o superficial_a knowledge_n must_v we_o have_v of_o it_o who_o have_v not_o be_v able_a to_o make_v our_o observation_n above_o 500_o fathom_n and_o that_o too_o in_o but_o a_o small_a part_n of_o its_o orb._n chap._n iu._n of_o the_o temperature_n of_o the_o submarine_n region_n as_o to_o heat_n and_o cold._n the_o follow_a chapter_n relate_v to_o the_o temper_n of_o submarine_n region_n i_o will_v be_v suppose_v to_o mean_v by_o that_o term_n not_o such_o as_o be_v beneath_o the_o whole_a ocean_n but_o only_o such_o as_o be_v beneath_o its_o superficies_n concern_v which_o i_o shall_v not_o relate_v what_o follow_v as_o upon_o my_o own_o observation_n but_o only_o as_o receive_v by_o information_n from_o other_o who_o have_v dive_v into_o they_o two_o submarine_n region_n two_o and_o first_o i_o shall_v only_o assign_v to_o this_o element_n two_o region_n the_o one_o bound_v by_o the_o utmost_a penetration_n of_o the_o ray_n of_o the_o sun_n and_o other_o calorifick_a cause_n the_o other_o extend_v itself_o to_o the_o utmost_a depth_n of_o the_o water_n uppermost_a the_o temperature_n of_o the_o uppermost_a according_a to_o which_o division_n it_o will_v follow_v that_o the_o upper_a region_n must_v vary_v in_o its_o extent_n according_a to_o the_o difference_n of_o the_o climate_n and_o the_o heat_n of_o the_o sun_n suppose_v the_o warmth_n of_o it_o not_o to_o proceed_v from_o subterraneal_a effluvia_fw-la and_o not_o only_o in_o the_o extent_n but_o the_o temperature_n of_o that_o region_n which_o may_v not_o only_o be_v vary_v by_o the_o influence_n of_o the_o sun_n but_o also_o by_o the_o different_a nature_n of_o the_o soil_n about_o the_o shore_n be_v either_o nitrous_a or_o marchasitical_a as_o also_o by_o the_o shallowness_n of_o the_o water_n which_o may_v contribute_v to_o the_o warmness_n of_o it_o the_o ray_n of_o the_o sun_n be_v refract_v by_o the_o subjacent_a sand_n to_o which_o cause_n may_v be_v add_v the_o influence_n of_o subterraneal_a fire_n a_o observation_n favour_v which_o have_v be_v make_v by_o mounseur_fw-fr de_fw-fr pont_n in_o his_o voyage_n to_o new_a france_n in_o the_o way_n to_o which_o he_o observe_v that_o in_o one_o place_v the_o water_n be_v very_o warm_a as_o well_o as_o the_o wine_n which_o lie_v in_o the_o boat_n though_o there_o be_v no_o sensible_a alteration_n in_o the_o air_n and_o that_o this_o continue_v for_o three_o day_n whereas_o on_o the_o 21_o r_v of_o the_o same_o month_n it_o be_v for_o 2_o or_o 3_o day_n observe_v to_o be_v as_o cold_a region_n
of_o ice_n and_o salt_n 2_o hour_n it_o make_v a_o oblique_a crack_n in_o the_o barrel_n six_o inch_n long_o and_o the_o ice_n be_v take_v out_o seem_v full_a of_o bubble_n but_o very_o small_a one_o and_o the_o like_a success_n we_o have_v with_o another_o barrel_n of_o a_o gun_n who_o muzzle_n and_o touchhole_n be_v stop_v up_o with_o metal_n nor_o have_v we_o less_o success_n when_o we_o bury_v a_o pewter_n bottle_n in_o a_o frigorifick_a mixture_n both_o the_o barrel_n of_o the_o gun_n and_o the_o bottle_n be_v burst_v in_o a_o quarter_n of_o a_o hour_n title_n xii_o experiment_n concern_v a_o new_a way_n of_o estimate_v the_o expansive_a force_n of_o congelation_n and_o of_o high_o compress_v air_n without_o engine_n congelation_n a_o new_a way_n of_o estimate_v the_o expanâ—…e_a force_n of_o congelation_n how_o far_o we_o be_v able_a to_o compress_v the_o air_n by_o the_o incumbent_a weight_n of_o a_o cylinder_n of_o mercury_n we_o have_v else_o where_o show_v but_o to_o reduce_v it_o to_o a_o great_a degree_n of_o condensation_n i_o make_v the_o follow_a experiment_n 1._o have_v fill_v a_o glass-egg_n with_o water_n till_o it_o wrought_v about_o a_o inch_n into_o the_o stem_n we_o place_v it_o in_o a_o mixture_n of_o snow_n and_o salt_n and_o in_o a_o few_o hour_n the_o surface_n of_o the_o liquor_n be_v raise_v about_o 7_o inch_n and_o the_o apex_n of_o the_o stem_n be_v seal_v up_o by_o a_o fresh_a application_n of_o snow_n and_o salt_n it_o be_v raise_v 8_o inch_n high_a so_o that_o the_o air_n be_v compress_v into_o the_o space_n of_o a_o inch_n possess_v about_o nine_o part_n of_o ten_o of_o what_o it_o do_v before_o whereupon_o the_o stem_n be_v invert_v and_o the_o seal_a end_n open_v the_o air_n which_o when_o the_o stem_n be_v invert_v rise_v up_o to_o the_o ice_n and_o separate_v the_o unfrozen_a water_n in_o the_o stem_n from_o it_o powerful_o expand_v itself_o force_v out_o about_o ten_o inch_n of_o water_n with_o violence_n and_o noise_n beside_o a_o great_a number_n of_o bubble_n ascend_v from_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o glass_n to_o the_o top._n n._n b._n when_o the_o air_n be_v compress_v beyond_o seven_o inch_n we_o several_a time_n observe_v that_o the_o glass_n just_a above_o the_o water_n on_o the_o inside_n be_v full_a of_o little_a drop_n of_o dew_n which_o when_o the_o apex_n be_v break_v off_o disappear_v 2._o a_o vial_n who_o neck_n be_v draw_v out_o into_o a_o slender_a pipe_n be_v fill_v till_o it_o wrought_v a_o inch_n within_o the_o pipe_n in_o a_o little_a time_n by_o the_o expansion_n of_o the_o water_n the_o air_n be_v too_o much_o compress_v the_o head_n of_o the_o pipe_n fly_v off_o and_o the_o same_o happen_v to_o a_o round_a white_a glass_n who_o stem_n fill_v with_o air_n be_v about_o 3_o inch_n nor_o be_v the_o success_n otherwise_o when_o we_o repeat_v the_o experiment_n in_o a_o large_a single_a vial_n who_o stem_n be_v four_o inch_n long_o and_o its_o basis_n a_o inch_n broad_a 3._o a_o oval_a glass_n about_o the_o size_n of_o a_o turkeys-egg_n with_o a_o neck_n almost_o cylindrical_a be_v fill_v with_o water_n within_o four_o inch_n and_o a_o half_a and_o then_o a_o piece_n of_o paper_n be_v past_v upon_o the_o stem_n divide_v into_o half_a inch_n and_o quarter_n and_o the_o apex_n be_v seal_v up_o by_o a_o moderate_a heat_n the_o surface_n of_o the_o water_n be_v raise_v considerable_o but_o the_o oval_a part_n of_o the_o glass_n be_v cover_v with_o a_o mixture_n of_o ice_n and_o snow_n the_o air_n be_v compress_v into_o a_o 17_o part_n of_o the_o space_n it_o possess_v before_o and_o the_o ball_n of_o the_o glass_n burst_v afterward_o with_o a_o considerable_a noise_n the_o ice_n appear_v full_a of_o bubble_n which_o render_v it_o white_a and_o opacous_a in_o another_o glass_n who_o ball_n be_v large_a in_o proportion_n to_o the_o stem_n the_o air_n be_v compress_v into_o a_o 19_o part_n of_o its_o former_a space_n before_o the_o glass_n fly_v in_o piece_n 3._o and_o this_o way_n of_o try_v how_o far_o the_o air_n may_v be_v compress_v and_o water_n expanded_a by_o cold_a we_o think_v least_o exceptionable_a because_o the_o pore_n of_o glass_n be_v more_o impervious_a to_o air_n and_o water_n than_o some_o metalline_a vessel_n for_o have_v break_v open_a the_o apex_n of_o the_o stem_n of_o one_o of_o our_o glass-egg_n we_o find_v that_o though_o the_o water_n be_v but_o a_o little_a expanded_a yet_o not_o find_v a_o way_n out_o at_o the_o pore_n of_o the_o glass_n the_o water_n rise_v up_o a_o quarter_n of_o a_o inch._n title_n xiii_o experiment_n and_o observation_n concern_v the_o sphere_n of_o activity_n of_o cold._n cold._n of_o the_o sphere_n of_o activity_n of_o cold._n in_o estimate_v the_o sphere_n of_o activity_n of_o cold_a we_o be_v not_o only_o to_o consider_v the_o degree_n of_o it_o in_o the_o cold_a body_n but_o also_o the_o medium_fw-la through_o which_o it_o be_v to_o pass_v and_o the_o consistence_n and_o texture_n of_o it_o as_o likewise_o the_o instrument_n employ_v to_o receive_v or_o acquaint_v we_o with_o the_o action_n of_o cold_a since_o from_o what_o have_v be_v before_o lay_v down_o it_o appear_v that_o weather-glass_n give_v we_o a_o more_o nice_a account_n of_o the_o degree_n of_o it_o and_o that_o our_o sensory_n may_v mis-inform_a we_o upon_o the_o account_n of_o their_o various_a predisposition_n beside_o the_o sphere_n of_o activity_n may_v be_v vary_v by_o the_o bulk_n of_o the_o cold_a body_n 1._o but_o to_o consider_v the_o sphere_n of_o activity_n of_o small_a piece_n of_o ice_n we_o have_v find_v it_o very_o small_a in_o comparison_n of_o the_o atmosphere_n of_o odorous_a body_n insomuch_o that_o i_o be_o persuade_v we_o can_v have_v no_o sense_n of_o cold_a without_o the_o immediate_a contact_n of_o a_o cold_a body_n since_o ice_n approach_v our_o sensory_a or_o a_o weatherglass_n affect_v neither_o though_o hold_v as_o near_o as_o possible_o they_o may_v without_o touch_v and_o the_o like_a have_v be_v observe_v at_o sea_n where_o in_o foggy_a night_n the_o seaman_n have_v not_o be_v able_a to_o discern_v neighbour_a mountain_n of_o ice_n though_o by_o a_o merchant_n who_o make_v the_o observation_n in_o greenland_n i_o be_o tell_v that_o he_o perceive_v a_o manifest_a access_n of_o cold_a upon_o the_o approach_n of_o a_o float_a piece_n of_o ice_n 2._o and_o i_o be_o tell_v that_o in_o ispahan_n the_o capital_a city_n of_o persia_n the_o ice_n be_v never_o much_o more_o than_o a_o finger_n thick_a they_o usual_o pour_v water_n upon_o it_o which_o as_o it_o run_v over_o the_o ice_n be_v in_o part_n freeze_v by_o which_o mean_n they_o thicken_v the_o ice_n and_o preserve_v it_o in_o proper_a conservatory_n this_o experiment_n have_v be_v try_v in_o england_n by_o pump_v of_o water_n upon_o flake_n of_o ice_n i_o find_v that_o the_o pump-water_n be_v warm_a than_o the_o ice_n thaw_v it_o instead_o of_o increase_v the_o thickness_n of_o it_o and_o though_o here_o in_o england_n water_n pour_v upon_o snow_n promote_v its_o dissolution_n yet_o in_o russia_n and_o muscovy_n i_o be_o tell_v that_o water_n throw_v upon_o snow_n freeze_v it_o which_o they_o therefore_o make_v use_n of_o to_o incrustate_n several_a body_n with_o ice_n yet_o one_o thing_n be_v to_o be_v observe_v that_o general_o at_o the_o same_o time_n the_o sharpness_n of_o the_o air_n be_v so_o violent_a as_o to_o incrustate_n several_a body_n with_o ice_n when_o only_a water_n be_v make_v use_n of_o so_o that_o in_o try_v such_o experiment_n we_o be_v to_o consider_v the_o temperature_n of_o the_o air_n at_o the_o same_o time_n which_o have_v a_o great_a influence_n in_o promote_a or_o vary_v the_o effect_n of_o such_o trial_n 3._o how_o deep_a frost_n penetrate_v into_o water_n and_o earth_n will_v be_v a_o very_a hard_a thing_n to_o determine_v since_o earth_n especial_o may_v be_v more_o or_o less_o dispose_v to_o freeze_v according_a to_o the_o several_a degree_n of_o cold_a and_o its_o duration_n the_o texâ—â—â—…_n of_o the_o earth_n and_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o juice_n dâ—â—â—…ed_v through_o it_o or_o subterraneal_a steam_n whence_o large_a tract_n of_o land_n that_o lie_v over_o some_o mine_n be_v always_o free_a from_o snow_n good_a quantity_n of_o limestone_n be_v near_o the_o surface_n of_o the_o earth_n 4._o but_o though_o it_o be_v so_o difficult_a to_o know_v to_o what_o depth_n frost_n will_v reach_v yet_o that_o we_o may_v contribute_v as_o much_o as_o we_o can_v to_o the_o general_a history_n of_o cold_a we_o shall_v add_v the_o follow_a note_n after_o four_o night_n hard_a frost_n the_o ground_n in_o the_o orchard_n be_v freeze_v about_o 3_o inch_n deep_a and_o in_o the_o