Selected quad for the lemma: ground_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
ground_n	cut_v	year_n	yearly_a	16	3	8.8823	4	false

Text snippets containing the quad

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A87184	The compleat husband-man: or, A discourse of the whole art of husbandry; both forraign and domestick. Wherein many rare and most hidden secrets, and experiments are laid open to the view of all, for the enriching of these nations. Unto which is added A particular discourse of the naturall history and hubandry [sic] of Ireland. By Samuel Hartlib, Esq.	Hartlib, Samuel, d. 1662.; Dymock, Cressy.; Child, Robert, ca. 1612-1654, attributed name.; Weston, Richard, Sir, 1591-1652. Discours of husbandrie used in Brabant and Flanders.; Hartlib, Samuel, d. 1662.	1659 (1659)	Wing H980; Thomason E979_10; ESTC R207715	107,974	155

part_n of_o france_n about_o paris_n another_o seed_n that_o do_v far_o excel_v that_o of_o saint_n foin_n and_o that_o the_o name_n of_o that_o more_o excellent_a seed_n be_v la_fw-fr lucern_n i_o be_o desire_v by_o a_o friend_n of_o i_o to_o who_o n._n n._n relate_v this_o passage_n of_o doctor_n d._n that_o by_o your_o kindness_n he_o may_v be_v speak_v to_o of_o this_o la_fw-fr lucern_n and_o his_o direction_n desire_v where_o the_o say_a seed_n be_v to_o be_v have_v for_o what_o price_n how_o much_o be_v usual_o sow_v upon_o a_o english_a acre_n what_o time_n of_o the_o year_n it_o be_v sow_v whether_o it_o be_v sow_v alone_o or_o with_o any_o other_o ordinary_a corn_n and_o with_o what_o corn_n and_o with_o what_o kind_n of_o land_n it_o best_o agree_v and_o final_o what_o other_o particular_n he_o can_v direct_v more_o than_o be_v hete_n set_v down_o the_o answer_n to_o the_o queres_fw-la from_o paris_n i_o have_v be_v with_o doctor_n d._n about_o lucern_n who_o tell_v i_o that_o it_o grow_v best_a in_o wettish_a ground_n that_o the_o best_a time_n of_o sow_v it_o in_o england_n will_v be_v in_o february_n at_o the_o same_o time_n that_o oat_n be_v sow_v with_o the_o which_o also_o it_o may_v be_v sow_v but_o best_a alone_a that_o to_o the_o sow_v of_o a_o arpent_n which_o be_v muchwhat_a the_o same_o with_o a_o english-acre_n there_o will_v go_v 12_o or_o 15_o l_o of_o the_o seed_n the_o which_o use_v to_o be_v sell_v here_o at_o 8_o or_o 9_o sol_n the_o pound_n more_o quere_n concern_v lucern_n i_o desire_v further_o to_o know_v what_o kind_n of_o wet_a ground_n be_v best_a for_o it_o whether_o moorish_a or_o clay_n whether_o poor_a or_o rich_a whether_o it_o will_v continue_v over_o a_o year_n in_o the_o ground_n and_o if_o more_o than_o a_o year_n then_o how_o many_o year_n it_o will_v continue_v without_o be_v new_o sow_v whether_o it_o be_v only_o good_a for_o meadow_n or_o for_o pasture_n and_o if_o for_o pasture_n then_o whether_o the_o sheep_n or_o cattle_n be_v suffer_v to_o go_v upon_o it_o or_o whether_o it_o be_v carry_v off_o green_a as_o the_o clovergrasse_n be_v in_o flanders_n last_o for_o what_o cattle_n it_o be_v most_o proper_a another_o answer_n from_o paris_n i_o think_v to_o have_v send_v you_o 9_o l_o of_o the_o seed_n of_o lucern_n for_o the_o sow_v of_o three_o acre_n doctor_n d._n have_v tell_v i_o as_o heretofore_o i_o tell_v you_o that_o 3_o l_o will_v sow_v a_o arpent_n or_o acre_n but_o as_o i_o be_v go_v about_o it_o i_o meet_v with_o a_o gentleman_n a_o acquaintance_n of_o i_o who_o some_o year_n since_o but_o unknown_a to_o i_o hitherto_o have_v have_v some_o acre_n of_o meadow_n of_o lucern_n upon_o his_o ground_n to_o who_o have_v casual_o speak_v of_o my_o business_n and_o tell_v he_o all_o that_o doctor_n d._n have_v tell_v i_o about_o the_o lucern_n he_o answer_v i_o that_o dr._n d._n be_v most_o gross_o mistake_v in_o the_o quantity_n of_o the_o seed_n require_v for_o the_o sow_v of_o a_o acre_n and_o that_o it_o will_v not_o take_v up_o 3_o l_o but_o two_o whole_a sack_n each_o sack_n contain_v the_o full_a load_n of_o a_o strong_a porter_n after_o which_o rate_n the_o quantity_n of_o seed_n for_o the_o sow_v of_o 3._o acre_n will_v fill_v a_o great_a dry-fat_n the_o send_v whereof_o by_o land_n will_v come_v to_o excessive_a great_a charge_n and_o therefore_o necessary_o to_o be_v send_v by_o sea_n in_o my_o opinion_n you_o will_v be_v please_v to_o impart_v these_o thing_n to_o your_o friend_n and_o to_o let_v i_o know_v his_o final_a resolution_n upon_o they_o the_o which_o shall_v be_v faithful_o accomplish_v by_o i_o and_o in_o the_o mean_a while_n i_o will_v get_v he_o a_o perfect_a and_o full_a answer_n upon_o all_o his_o quere_n not_o from_o dr._n d._n who_o i_o dare_v trust_v no_o more_o in_o this_o business_n have_v find_v he_o guilty_a of_o such_o gross_a mistake_n about_o it_o but_o from_o that_o other_o gentleman_n who_o tell_v i_o he_o can_v himself_o resolve_v most_o of_o those_o question_n but_o that_o for_o to_o be_v the_o sure_a he_o think_v it_o best_a to_o confer_v first_o with_o his_o farmer_n about_o it_o you_o make_v apology_n for_o put_v i_o upon_o these_o inquery_n but_o i_o pray_v you_o to_o believe_v that_o at_o any_o time_n i_o shall_v most_o ready_o and_o cheerful_o perform_v any_o service_n that_o shall_v lie_v in_o my_o power_n for_o you_o or_o any_o of_o your_o friend_n for_o your_o sake_n and_o i_o be_v very_o unreasonable_a to_o think_v troublesome_a any_o thing_n that_o you_o require_v of_o i_o when_o as_o continual_o i_o put_v you_o to_o so_o much_o trouble_v myself_o the_o last_o answer_n concern_v lucern_n the_o information_n about_o the_o lucern_n that_o i_o have_v get_v from_o my_o friend_n be_v a_o very_a particular_a one_o and_o contain_v a_o very_a full_a answer_n to_o all_o the_o question_n propound_v by_o your_o friend_n be_v such_o as_o follow_v it_o require_v a_o rich_a ground_n but_o somewhat_o loose_a and_o light_n so_o as_o a_o stiff_a clay_n and_o such_o other_o tough_a ground_n be_v nowaye_n fit_a for_o it_o the_o ground_n must_v not_o be_v over-dry_a nor_o over-moist_a but_o in_o a_o mean_a yet_o somewhat_o more_o incline_v to_o moisture_n then_o to_o the_o contrary_n it_o must_v be_v plough_v three_o time_n the_o first_o time_n in_o october_n and_o the_o second_o and_o three_o towards_o the_o spring_n natural_o it_o do_v not_o love_v dung_n and_o come_v much_o better_a in_o a_o ground_n that_o be_v sufficient_o rich_a of_o itself_o then_o that_o which_o have_v be_v enrich_v by_o dung_v and_o where_o dung_n be_v make_v use_n of_o it_o must_v be_v very_o stale_a and_o well_o rot_v and_o long_o before_o the_o sowing-time_n it_o can_v endure_v the_o cold_a and_o therefore_o must_v not_o be_v sow_v till_o rhe_n cold_a weather_n and_o all_o the_o danger_n of_o it_o be_v quite_o past_a viz._n about_o the_o beginning_n or_o midst_n of_o april_n the_o quantity_n of_o the_o seed_n be_v the_o six_o part_n of_o corn_n that_o the_o same_o ground_n will_v require_v so_o as_o only_o one_o bushel_n of_o lucern_n be_v to_o be_v sow_v on_o that_o space_n of_o ground_n which_o will_v require_v 6._o bushel_n of_o corn._n it_o must_v be_v careful_o weed_v especial_o in_o the_o beginning_n and_o to_o the_o end_n that_o it_o may_v take_v the_o more_o firm_a root_n some_o oat_n must_v be_v mix_v with_o it_o but_o in_o a_o very_a small_a proportion_n it_o be_v to_o be_v cut_v as_o soon_o as_o it_o begin_v to_o flower_n which_o in_o the_o hot_a country_n provence_n languedock_n and_o spain_n it_o do_v 5._o or_o 6._o time_n and_o some_o year_n 7._o or_o 8._o time_n in_o a_o summer_n but_o in_o this_o climate_n it_o use_v to_o be_v cut_v twice_o a_o year_n about_o the_o end_n of_o june_n and_o about_o the_o end_n of_o septemb_n be_v cut_v it_o must_v be_v turn_v very_o oft_o that_o it_o may_v dry_v the_o soon_o and_o be_v carry_v off_o the_o ground_n the_o soon_a that_o may_v be_v and_o it_o must_v be_v keep_v in_o close_a barn_n be_v too_o tender_a for_o to_o be_v keep_v in_o reek_n open_a to_o the_o air_n as_o other_o hay_n it_o be_v good_a for_o all_o kind_n of_o cattle_n as_o cow_n sheep_n goat_n and_o as_o well_o for_o the_o young_a one_o calf_n lamb_n kid_n as_o for_o the_o other_o but_o above_o all_o it_o agree_v best_a with_o horse_n it_o be_v much_o more_o feed_v then_o any_o other_o hay_n insomuch_o as_o any_o lean_a beast_n will_v soon_o grow_v fat_a with_o it_o and_o to_o the_o milch-beast_n it_o procure_v abundance_n of_o milk_n but_o it_o must_v never_o be_v give_v alone_o especial_o to_o beast_n that_o have_v not_o be_v long_o use_v to_o it_o but_o must_v ever_o be_v mix_v with_o straw_n or_o with_o some_o other_o hay_n for_o otherwise_o it_o over-heateth_a they_o and_o fill_v they_o too_o much_o with_o blood_n and_o that_o so_o sudden_o as_o it_o great_o indangererh_n their_o health_n and_o their_o life_n too_o which_o it_o do_v principal_o to_o cow_n to_o who_o it_o be_v more_o dangerous_a if_o too_o plentiful_o give_v then_o to_o any_o other_o cattle_n after_o the_o last_o cut_n you_o may_v let_v your_o cattle_n graze_v on_o your_o lucern-field_n and_o that_o all_o winter_n long_o until_o the_o beginning_n or_o middle_n of_o march._n of_o once_o sow_v you_o will_v have_v your_o meadow_n continue_v good_a for_o 10._o or_o 12._o year_n and_o until_o 15._o and_o afterward_o too_o it_o will_v still_o continue_v to_o bear_v but_o the_o herb_n will_v then_o notable_o decay_v in_o goodness_n wherefore_o it_o be_v best_o to_o turn_v it_o

then_o to_o some_o other_o use_n cow_n must_v never_o eat_v of_o this_o herb_n green_a but_o only_o dry_v and_o that_o moderate_o too_o as_o have_v be_v say_v but_o horse_n eat_v their_o fill_n of_o it_o green_a in_o the_o spring_n be_v purge_v thereby_o and_o grow_v fat_a by_o it_o in_o 8._o or_o 10._o day_n time_n if_o one_o desire_v to_o have_v of_o the_o grain_n one_o may_v let_v such_o a_o proportion_n of_o the_o meadow_n as_o one_o will_n grow_v up_o to_o seed_n after_o the_o second_o cut_v any_o year_n except_o the_o first_o only_a and_o when_o the_o seed_n be_v ripe_a the_o top_n of_o the_o herb_n with_o the_o cod_n wherein_n the_o seed_n be_v enclose_v must_v be_v cut_v in_o a_o dewy_a morning_n and_o put_v into_o sheet_n for_o fear_v of_o lose_v the_o seed_n and_o must_v be_v beat_v out_o with_o flail_n upon_o the_o same_o when_o that_o it_o be_v well_o dry_a and_o afterward_o the_o remain_a part_n of_o the_o herb_n must_v be_v mow_v close_o to_o the_o ground_n after_o which_o it_o continue_v to_o sprout_v out_o again_o after_o the_o usual_a manner_n the_o hay_n thereof_o will_v keep_v good_a 2._o or_o 3._o year_n and_o one_o acre_n be_v sufficient_a to_o keep_v 3._o horse_n all_o the_o year_n long_o a_o postscript_n to_o the_o last_o answer_n concern_v the_o lucern_n sir_n the_o gentleman_n who_o have_v give_v i_o the_o note_n about_o the_o lucern_n have_v tell_v i_o since_o two_o particular_n more_o which_o he_o have_v forget_v to_o put_v into_o it_o the_o one_o that_o not_o only_o to_o other_o cattle_n but_o even_o to_o horse_n with_o who_o that_o hay_n agree_v best_a of_o all_o other_o beast_n it_o be_v not_o to_o be_v give_v but_o in_o winter_n because_o that_o in_o the_o summer_n it_o will_v too_o much_o heat_v their_o blood_n and_o the_o other_o that_o this_o hay_n must_v be_v perfect_o well_o dry_v before_o it_o be_v carry_v off_o the_o ground_n and_o to_o that_o end_n turn_v very_o often_o because_o that_o be_v put_v up_o with_o any_o the_o least_o moisture_n it_o will_v quite_o spoil_v much_o more_o than_o any_o other_o hay_n now_o these_o and_o all_o the_o other_o particular_n which_o i_o have_v have_v from_o the_o gentleman_n have_v be_v confirm_v to_o i_o by_o many_o other_o and_o yet_o within_o these_o 2._o or_o 3._o day_n i_o meet_v with_o a_o physician_n of_o rochel_n who_o assure_v i_o that_o the_o lucerne_n be_v very_o common_a in_o his_o country_n make_v i_o a_o relation_n of_o it_o agree_v with_o the_o former_a only_o in_o these_o 3._o point_n viz._n that_o of_o once_o sow_v it_o will_v continue_v 10._o or_o 12_o year_n that_o it_o be_v cut_v twice_o a_o year_n serve_v afterward_o for_o pasture_n all_o winter_n and_o that_o it_o wonderful_o fatten_v all_o kind_n of_o cattle_n but_o very_o much_o different_a from_o it_o in_o all_o the_o other_o and_o in_o some_o of_o they_o point_n blank_a contrary_n to_o it_o for_o he_o say_v that_o it_o be_v to_o be_v sow_v in_o the_o begin_n of_o march_n that_o it_o desire_v a_o temperate_a ground_n but_o rather_o dry_a then_o wet_a and_o no_o way_n fat_a nor_o clayish_a but_o stony_a and_o gravelly_a that_o it_o need_v not_o be_v mix_v with_o any_o other_o hay_n but_o may_v be_v give_v alone_o and_o all_o the_o year_n long_o in_o summer_n as_o well_o as_o winter_n not_o only_o to_o horse_n but_o to_o cow_n and_o other_o cattle_n he_o add_v that_o the_o proportion_n of_o the_o seed_n be_v the_o charge_n of_o a_o porter_n for_o four_o arpent_n or_o french_a acre_n which_o particular_n i_o think_v good_a to_o impart_v unto_o you_o that_o your_o friend_n compare_v they_o with_o the_o other_o may_v make_v his_o best_a profit_n of_o they_o and_o this_o rochellois_n or_o rocheller_n who_o have_v live_v three_o or_o four_o year_n in_o england_n think_v that_o lucern_n will_v come_v admirable_o well_o in_o that_o country_n note_n the_o meaning_n of_o these_o word_n the_o quantity_n of_o the_o seed_n be_v the_o six_o part_n of_o corn_n that_o the_o same_o ground_n will_v require_v be_v this_o that_o whatever_o quantity_n of_o wheat_n or_o barley_n a_o acre_n of_o ground_n will_v require_v of_o the_o seed_n of_o lucern_n you_o must_v take_v but_o the_o six_o part_n of_o that_o quantity_n of_o the_o seed_n of_o lucern_n so_o as_o that_o ground_n which_o for_o its_o sow_v require_v six_o bushel_n of_o corn_n do_v require_v but_o one_o bushel_n of_o lucern-seed_n a_o arpent_n deter_v which_o how_o much_o it_o be_v in_o english_a measure_n cotgrave_n dictionary_n will_v perfect_o tell_v you_o require_v 10._o l._n of_o that_o seed_n as_o several_a grain-seller_n of_o who_o i_o go_v to_o inquire_v for_o it_o have_v unanimous_o tell_v i_o the_o seed_n be_v exceed_v small_a and_o to_o be_v sow_v wonderful_o thinl_o as_o for_o saint_n foin_v or_o holy_a hay_n i_o have_v see_v it_o grow_v here_o about_o paris_n in_o several_a place_n in_o rich_a fat_a ground_n and_o those_o both_o high_a and_o dry_a and_o other_o low_a and_o marshy_a it_o be_v cut_v but_o once_o a_o year_n much_o what_o about_o the_o same_o time_n of_o other_o hay_n and_o a_o great_a deal_n of_o the_o seed_n of_o it_o be_v require_v for_o sow_v the_o ground_n with_o it_o but_o be_v once_o sow_v it_o last_v 10_o or_o 12_o year_n as_o well_o as_o medica_fw-la or_o lucern_n wherewith_o also_o it_o correspond_v altogether_o in_o its_o virtue_n and_o uses_n a_o copy_n of_o a_o letter_n relate_v a_o proof_n or_o experiment_n of_o a_o english_a husbandry_n honour_a sir_n i_o desire_v your_o acceptance_n of_o this_o small_a present_a may_v be_v according_a to_o the_o real_a worth_n of_o the_o thing_n not_o as_o at_o first_o sight_n it_o may_v appear_v to_o be_v viz._n straw_n or_o stubble_n this_o be_v i_o assure_v you_o no_o other_o than_o the_o true_a and_o real_a experiment_n of_o what_o by_o the_o blessing_n of_o god_n the_o native_a fertility_n of_o our_o english_a ground_n right_o husband_v will_v bring_v forth_o nay_o i_o can_v upon_o most_o probable_a ground_n affirm_v that_o have_v i_o use_v all_o the_o art_n and_o care_n which_o i_o can_v and_o may_v have_v do_v have_v i_o not_o be_v otherwise_o take_v off_o it_o can_v hardly_o have_v fail_v to_o have_v be_v double_a treble_a or_o quadruple_a to_o what_o it_o be_v and_o it_o be_v also_o most_o true_a that_o any_o good_a ground_n well_o manage_v may_v yield_v one_o ten_o a_o hundred_o etc._n etc._n acre_n in_o which_o there_o shall_v be_v very_o many_o superior_a to_o the_o big_a root_n of_o these_o and_o hardly_o one_o inferior_a to_o the_o best_a but_o one_o by_o which_o account_n it_o will_v easy_o appear_v how_o much_o beyond_o the_o old_a way_n this_o be_v the_o increase_n there_o be_v between_o two_o and_o five_o quarter_n on_o the_o acre_n and_o the_o product_n of_o this_o way_n will_v be_v rare_o under_o 10_o quarter_n not_o rare_o 16_o or_o 20_o and_o the_o same_o for_o most_o grain_n yet_o will_v this_o dull_a age_n as_o to_o goodness_n not_o believe_v it_o without_o some_o testimony_n and_o perhaps_o scarce_o suffer_v themselves_o to_o be_v convince_v by_o this_o so_o eminent_a a_o experiment_n wherein_o it_o plain_o appear_v that_o out_o of_o one_o single_a barley_n corn_n be_v spring_v about_o 80_o ear_n of_o which_o near_o 60_o have_v some_o 36_o 34_o 32_o 30._o and_o hardly_o any_o less_o than_o 38._o which_o in_o all_o be_v above_o 2000_o for_o one_o and_o true_o the_o charge_n to_o be_v bestow_v on_o a_o acre_n of_o this_o sort_n be_v no_o way_n double_a to_o the_o common_a way_n accept_v it_o therefore_o and_o reserve_v it_o as_o a_o real_a rarity_n and_o a_o jewel_n only_o fit_a for_o a_o public_a and_o pious_a spirit_n as_o you_o be_v till_o i_o shall_v by_o god_n assistance_n be_v able_a next_o year_n to_o produce_v you_o more_o abundant_a example_n of_o god_n wonderful_a power_n and_o bounty_n that_o offer_v and_o man_n ingratitude_n that_o neglect_v or_o refuse_v such_o honest_a mean_n of_o the_o true_a and_o most_o just_o get_v humane_a wealth_n honour_n and_o happiness_n your_o most_o faithful_a and_o oblige_a friend_n and_o servant_n september_n 26._o 1650._o a_o extract_v of_o a_o letter_n from_o amsterdam_n date_v the_o 28_o of_o november_n 1650._o in_o answer_n to_o the_o former_a communication_n with_o another_o experimennt_v of_o a_o french_a husbandry_n sir_n i_o be_o much_o oblige_v unto_o you_o for_o send_v i_o the_o discourse_n of_o the_o braband_n husbandry_n which_o i_o have_v peruse_v not_o long_o ago_o i_o be_v tell_v of_o certain_a man_n which_o will_v fain_o have_v mortgage_v some_o thousand_o acre_n of_o heathy_a ground_n which_o lie_v here_o and_o there_o as_o commons_o but_o the_o

usual_a cure_n of_o smuttynesse_n beside_o those_o mention_v before_o be_v these_o 1_o to_o lime_n your_o ground_n which_o warm_v and_o dry_v the_o land_n 2_o to_o lime_n your_o corn_n which_o be_v do_v thus_o first_o slack_a your_o lime_n add_v then_o moisten_v your_o corn_n or_o lime_n and_o stir_v they_o together_o till_o your_o grain_n be_v as_o big_a as_o a_o small_a pease_n this_o lime_v preserve_v corn_n likewise_o from_o bird_n and_o worm_n and_o be_v find_v a_o very_a good_a remedy_n against_o this_o disease_n other_o make_v a_o strong_a lie_n with_o common_a salt_n and_o steep_v their_o corn_n in_o it_o all_o night_n and_o then_o draw_v away_o their_o lie_n for_o further_a use_n which_o seldom_o fail_v of_o its_o desire_a effect_n whether_o this_o strong_a lie_n do_v by_o its_o corrosivenesse_n mortify_v the_o weak_a and_o imperfect_a corn_n so_o that_o it_o will_v not_o grow_v or_o whether_o it_o be_v a_o remedy_n to_o cure_v the_o imperfection_n thereof_o be_v worth_a the_o enquiry_n i_o suppose_v this_o lie_n do_v exsiccate_a the_o superfluous_a humidity_n which_o be_v the_o cause_n of_o this_o corruption_n if_o corn_n be_v bring_v into_o the_o barn_n very_a smutty_n in_o kent_n they_o usual_o thrash_v it_o on_o dry_a floor_n plank_v with_o board_n by_o which_o mean_n the_o smuttynesse_n be_v beat_v away_o and_o stick_v not_o to_o the_o grain_n only_o a_o little_a blackness_n appear_v about_o the_o eye_n but_o if_o it_o be_v thrash_v on_o a_o moist_a floor_n the_o blackness_n stick_v to_o the_o grain_n which_o therefore_o appear_v dark_a and_o be_v sell_v at_o a_o low_a rate_n to_o the_o baker_n mildew_n be_v without_o question_n a_o unctuous_a dew_n which_o descend_v from_o above_o about_o midsummer_n it_o abound_v in_o dry_a year_n as_o smuttynesse_n in_o moist_a i_o can_v think_v that_o there_o be_v ordinary_o any_o malignity_n in_o this_o dew_n but_o it_o produce_v its_o effect_n by_o manifest_a cause_n viz._n from_o a_o oily_a viscuous_a quality_n which_o stop_v the_o pore_n of_o the_o husk_n wherein_o the_o wheat_n lie_v and_o deprive_v it_o from_o the_o air_n and_o consequent_o from_o nourishment_n for_o the_o air_n be_v the_o life_n of_o all_o thing_n i_o have_v hear_v and_o do_v believe_v that_o if_o you_o streak_v any_o ear_n of_o wheat_n with_o oil_n it_o will_v produce_v the_o same_o effect_n i_o be_o sorry_a that_o i_o never_o try_v that_o i_o may_v better_o understand_v the_o nature_n of_o this_o sad_a calamity_n which_o often_o undo_v the_o industrious_a husbandman_n and_o cause_v great_a scarcity_n in_o this_o isle_n it_o be_v to_o be_v observe_v further_o that_o wheat_n only_o suffer_v considerable_a damage_n by_o mildew_n because_o it_o lie_v in_o a_o chaffy_a husk_n which_o other_o grain_n do_v not_o the_o ground_n most_o subject_a to_o mildew_n be_v these_o 1_o those_o that_o be_v enclose_v with_o tree_n and_o high_a hedge_n and_o true_o this_o be_v the_o only_a great_a inconveniency_n i_o find_v by_o enclosure_n 2_o low_a valley_n i_o have_v see_v very_o oft_o in_o the_o same_o field_n the_o bank_n fine_a bright_a corn_n and_o all_o the_o low_a part_n though_o great_a in_o straw_n yet_o little_a worth_a by_o reason_n of_o the_o mildew_n 3_o dung_n make_v of_o straw_n i_o have_v observe_v to_o dispose_v much_o to_o mildew_v and_o sheeps-dung_n to_o be_v a_o kind_n of_o antidote_n against_o it_o as_o also_o pigeons-dung_n because_o as_o i_o conceive_v these_o 2_o last_o sort_n abound_v much_o in_o niter_n which_o produce_v a_o firm_a hard_a bright_a corn_n not_o easy_o to_o be_v putrefy_a but_o the_o other_o be_v more_o oily_a and_o sulphureous_a cause_v a_o dark_a spongy_a corn_n soon_o corruptible_a and_o 2_o because_o straw_n be_v a_o part_n in_o the_o same_o kind_n corrupt_v which_o be_v always_o in_o some_o measure_n hurtful_a to_o the_o same_o species_n both_o in_o animal_n and_o all_o vegetable_n and_o therefore_o rot_a stick_n or_o the_o earth_n proceed_v from_o they_o be_v find_v hurtful_a to_o the_o root_n of_o tree_n and_o tree_n will_v hardly_o grow_v where_o root_n of_o other_o tree_n have_v former_o be_v corrupt_v the_o remedy_n for_o this_o accident_n brief_o be_v these_o not_o to_o speak_v of_o bee_n who_o questionless_a make_v most_o of_o their_o honey_n from_o these_o honey_n or_o mildew_n for_o they_o gather_v very_o little_a in_o comparison_n of_o that_o which_o fall_v 1_o the_o best_a way_n be_v to_o cut_v down_o the_o tree_n about_o your_o ground_n and_o your_o hedge_n low_a that_o the_o wound_n may_v ventilate_v your_o corn._n 2_o to_o sow_v early_o that_o your_o corn_n may_v be_v full_o kern_v culp_n before_o these_o mildew_n fall_v i_o be_o inform_v that_o a_o ingenious_a knight_n in_o kent_n do_v for_o curiosity_n sow_v wheat_n in_o all_o month_n of_o the_o year_n and_o that_o the_o corn_n sow_v in_o july_n do_v produce_v such_o a_o increase_n that_o it_o be_v almost_o incredible_a and_o true_o i_o think_v it_o a_o great_a fault_n in_o many_o place_n that_o they_o sow_v late_o for_o many_o reason_n i_o be_o sure_a in_o france_n they_o usual_o sow_v before_o michaelmas_n 3_o some_o use_n and_o with_o good_a profit_n to_o draw_v a_o line_n over_o their_o corn_n and_o to_o strike_v off_o the_o mildew_n before_o it_o be_v inspissated_a by_o the_o sun_n this_o aught_o especial_o to_o be_v do_v before_o sunrising_a two_o man_n in_o a_o hour_n will_v easy_o run_v over_o a_o acre_n the_o mildew_n usual_o fall_v like_o a_o thick_a fog_n or_o a_o misty_a rain_n if_o you_o go_v to_o your_o bee_n you_o will_v soon_o perceive_v it_o by_o their_o extraordinary_a labour_n very_o early_o in_o the_o morning_n 4_o the_o use_n of_o a_o kind_n of_o beard_a wheat_n be_v a_o excellent_a remedy_n for_o the_o beard_n shove_v off_o the_o dew_n that_o it_o do_v not_o so_o easy_o insinuate_v itself_o into_o the_o ear_n and_o likewise_o cause_v the_o ear_n to_o shake_v by_o the_o least_o wind_n there_o be_v a_o kind_n of_o wheat_n in_o buckingham-shire_n call_v red-straw-wheat_n which_o be_v much_o commend_v it_o be_v a_o strong-stalked_n wheat_n and_o do_v not_o soon_o lodge_v and_o therefore_o excellent_a for_o rank_a land_n where_o corn_n be_v apt_a to_o lodge_v and_o consequent_o to_o mildew_v but_o i_o question_v whether_o it_o have_v any_o property_n against_o mildew_n this_o i_o be_o very_o confident_a of_o that_o if_o this_o wheat_n or_o any_o other_o be_v without_o the_o chaffy_a husk_n expose_v bare_a to_o the_o air_n as_o barley_n and_o rye_n be_v wheat_n will_v not_o be_v afflict_v with_o mildew_n perhaps_o such_o grain_n may_v be_v find_v by_o diligent_a enquiry_n i_o have_v casual_o pick_v out_o of_o a_o wheat-field_n some_o stalk_n which_o have_v 2_o ear_n on_o they_o and_o though_o barley_n usual_o have_v be_v 2_o range_n yet_o i_o have_v see_v some_o sort_n wit_n 4_o 6_o and_o there_o be_v many_o great_a variety_n in_o grain_n not_o yet_o discover_v true_o if_o any_o one_o know_v better_a way_n then_o these_o how_o to_o cure_v this_o malady_n of_o mildew_n he_o be_v much_o to_o blame_v if_o he_o do_v not_o publish_v it_o for_o the_o good_a of_o his_o countryman_n plum_n i_o will_v not_o here_o set_v down_o the_o divers_a manner_n of_o grafting_n and_o inoculation_n which_o nevertheless_o be_v a_o art_n absolute_o necessary_a in_o plant_v for_o every_o book_n of_o husbandry_n do_v show_v it_o and_o every_o gardener_n can_v teach_v it_o those_o who_o be_v desirous_a to_o learn_v it_o neither_o will_v i_o set_v down_o all_o the_o sort_n of_o apple_n pear_n cherry_n plum_n etc._n etc._n for_o it_o will_v be_v too_o tedious_a a_o discourse_n and_o mr._n parkinson_n have_v already_o very_o excellent_o do_v it_o in_o his_o book_n call_v paradisus_fw-la terrestris_fw-la where_o at_o leisure_n you_o may_v read_v it_o i_o will_v only_o point_v brief_o at_o the_o deficiency_n which_o i_o find_v in_o this_o part_n of_o husbandry_n and_o the_o best_a way_n to_o remedy_n they_o 1_o i_o say_v that_o it_o be_v a_o great_a deficiency_n in_o england_n that_o we_o have_v not_o more_o orchard_n plant_v it_o be_v true_a that_o in_o kent_n and_o about_o london_n and_o also_o in_o glocestershire_n hereford_n and_o worcester_z there_o be_v many_o gallant_a orchard_n but_o in_o other_o country_n they_o be_v very_o rare_a and_o thin_a but_o if_o there_o be_v as_o many_o more_o even_o in_o any_o country_n they_o will_v be_v very_o profitable_a i_o know_v in_o kent_n that_o some_o advance_v their_o ground_n even_o from_o 5_o s_o per_fw-la acre_n to_o 5_o pound_n by_o this_o mean_n and_o if_o i_o shall_v relate_v what_o i_o have_v hear_v by_o divers_a concern_v the_o profit_n of_o a_o cherry-orchard_n about_o sittenburne_n in_o kent_n you_o will_v hardly_o believe_v

in_o essex_n the_o scour_n of_o their_o ditch_n they_o call_v marl_n because_o it_o look_v blue_a like_o it_o it_o help_v their_o land_n well_o 5_o snaggreet_n which_o be_v a_o kind_n of_o earth_n take_v out_o of_o the_o river_n full_a of_o small_a shell_n it_o help_v the_o barren_a land_n in_o divers_a part_n of_o surrey_n i_o believe_v it_o be_v find_v in_o all_o river_n it_o be_v well_o if_o in_o other_o part_n of_o england_n they_o do_v take_v notice_n of_o it_o 6_o owse_n out_o of_o marsh_n ditch_n have_v be_v find_v very_o good_a for_o white_a chalky_a land_n as_o also_o sea-mud_n and_o sea-owse_a be_v use_v in_o divers_a part_n of_o kent_n and_o sussex_n 7_o seaweed_n 8_o mr._n carew_n in_o his_o survey_n of_o cornwall_n relate_v that_o they_o use_v a_o fat_a sea-sand_n which_o they_o carry_v up_o many_o mile_n in_o sack_n and_o by_o this_o they_o have_v very_o much_o improve_v their_o barren_a land_n it_o be_v worth_a the_o while_n to_o try_v all_o manner_n of_o sea-sand_n for_o i_o suppose_v that_o in_o other_o place_n they_o have_v a_o like_a fertilize_a fatness_n 9_o fold_v of_o sheep_n especial_o after_o the_o flaunders_n manner_n viz._n under_o a_o covert_n in_o which_o earth_n be_v strew_v about_o 6_o inch_n thick_a on_o which_o they_o set_v divers_a night_n then_o more_o earth_n must_v be_v bring_v and_o strew_v 6_o inch_n thick_a and_o the_o sheep_n fold_v on_o it_o and_o thus_o they_o do_v continual_o winter_n and_o summer_n i_o suppose_v a_o shepherd_n with_o one_o horse_n will_v do_v it_o at_o his_o spare_a hour_n and_o indeed_o soon_o than_o remove_v his_o fold_n and_o this_o fold_n be_v to_o be_v continue_v especial_o in_o winter_n and_o do_v the_o sheep_n good_a because_o they_o lie_v warm_a and_o dry_a and_o true_o if_o i_o be_o not_o mistake_v by_o this_o mean_v we_o may_v make_v our_o sheep_n to_o enrich_v all_o the_o barren_a dry_a land_n of_o england_n 10_o ash_n of_o any_o kind_n seacoale-ash_n with_o horsedung_n the_o gardiner_n of_o london_n much_o commend_v for_o divers_a use_n it_o be_v great_a pity_n that_o so_o many_o thousand_o load_n be_v throw_v into_o waste_v place_n and_o do_v no_o good_a 11_o soot_n be_v also_o very_o good_a be_v sprinkle_v on_o ground_n but_o it_o be_v too_o dear_a if_o it_o be_v of_o wood_n for_o it_o be_v worth_a 16_o d_o or_o 2_o s_o a_o bushel_n 12_o pigeon_n or_o hens-dung_n be_v incomparable_a one_o load_n be_v worth_a 10_o load_n of_o other_o dung_n and_o therefore_o it_o be_v usual_o sow_v on_o wheat_n that_o lie_v afar_o off_o and_o not_o easy_a to_o be_v help_v it_o be_v extraordinary_a likewise_o on_o a_o hop-garden_n 13_o male-dust_n be_v exceed_o good_a in_o corn-land_n blood_n for_o tree_n also_o shave_n of_o horn_n 14_o some_o commend_v very_o much_o the_o sweep_a of_o a_o ship_n of_o salt_n or_o drossey_a salt_n and_o brine_n it_o be_v very_o probable_a because_o it_o kill_v the_o worm_n and_o all_o fertility_n proceed_v from_o salt_n 15_o i_o have_v see_v in_o france_n poor_a man_n cut_v up_o heath_n and_o the_o turf_n of_o the_o ground_n and_o lay_v they_o on_o a_o heap_n to_o make_v mould_n for_o their_o barren_a land_n brake_n lay_v in_o a_o moist_a place_n and_o rot_v be_v use_v much_o for_o hop-ground_n and_o general_o all_o thing_n that_o will_v rot_v if_o they_o be_v stone_n will_v make_v dung_n 16_o in_o new-england_n they_o fish_v their_o ground_n which_o be_v do_v thus_o in_o the_o spring_n about_o april_n there_o come_v up_o a_o fish_n to_o the_o fresh_a river_n call_v a_o alewife_n because_o of_o its_o great_a belly_n and_o be_v a_o kind_n of_o shade_n full_a of_o bone_n these_o be_v catch_v in_o wiers_fw-mi and_o sell_v very_o cheap_a to_o the_o planter_n who_o usual_o put_v one_o or_o two_o cut_n in_o piece_n into_o the_o hill_n where_o their_o corn_n be_v plant_v call_v virginia-wheate_n for_o they_o plant_v it_o in_o hill_n 5_o grain_n in_o a_o hill_n almost_o as_o we_o plant_v hop_n in_o may_n or_o june_n for_o it_o will_v not_o endure_v frost_n and_o at_o that_o distance_n it_o cause_v fertility_n extraordinary_a for_o two_o year_n especial_o the_o first_o for_o they_o have_v have_v 50_o or_o 60_o bushel_n on_o a_o acre_n and_o yet_o plough_v not_o their_o land_n and_o in_o the_o same_o hill_n do_v plant_v the_o same_o corn_n for_o many_o year_n together_o and_o have_v good_a crop_n beside_o abundance_n of_o pompion_n and_o french_a or_o kidney_n bean_n in_o the_o north_n part_n of_o new_a england_n where_o the_o fisherman_n live_v they_o usual_o fish_v their_o ground_n with_o codshead_n which_o if_o they_o be_v in_o england_n will_v be_v better_o employ_v i_o suppose_v that_o when_o sprat_n be_v cheap_a man_n may_v mend_v their_o hop-ground_n with_o they_o and_o it_o will_v quit_v cost_v but_o the_o dog_n will_v be_v apt_a to_o scrape_v they_o up_o as_o they_o do_v in_o new-england_n unless_o one_o of_o their_o leg_n be_v tie_v up_o 17_o urine_n in_o holland_n they_o as_o careful_o preserve_v the_o cow_n urine_n as_o the_o dung_n to_o enrich_v their_o land_n old_a urine_n be_v excellent_a for_o the_o root_n of_o tree_n columella_n in_o his_o book_n of_o husbandry_n say_v that_o he_o be_v a_o ill_a husband_n that_o do_v not_o make_v 10_o load_n of_o dung_n for_o every_o great_a beast_n in_o his_o yard_n and_o as_o much_o for_o every_o one_o in_o the_o house_n and_o one_o load_n for_o small_a beast_n as_o hog_n this_o be_v strange_a husbandry_n to_o we_o and_o i_o believe_v there_o be_v many_o ill_a husband_n by_o this_o account_n i_o know_v a_o woman_n who_o live_v 5_o mile_n south_n of_o canterbury_n who_o save_v in_o a_o pail_n all_o the_o dropping_n of_o the_o house_n i_o mean_v the_o urine_n and_o when_o the_o pail_n be_v full_a sprinkle_v it_o on_o her_o meadow_n which_o cause_v the_o grass_n at_o first_o to_o look_v yellow_a but_o after_o a_o little_a time_n it_o grow_n wonderful_o that_o many_o of_o her_o neighbour_n wonder_v at_o it_o and_o be_v like_a to_o accuse_v she_o of_o witchcraft_n 18_o woollen_a rag_n which_o hartford-shire-man_n use_v much_o and_o oxford-shire_n and_o many_o other_o place_n they_o do_v very_o well_o in_o thin_a chalky_a land_n in_o kent_n for_o two_o or_o three_o year_n it_o be_v a_o fault_n in_o many_o place_n that_o they_o neglect_v these_o as_o also_o linen_n rag_n or_o ropes-end_n of_o the_o which_o white_a and_o brown_a paper_n be_v make_v for_o it_o be_v strange_a that_o we_o have_v not_o linnen-ragg_n enough_o for_o paper_n as_o other_o nation_n have_v but_o must_v have_v it_o from_o italy_n france_n and_o holland_n 19_o denshyring_n so_o call_v in_o kent_n cambden_n where_o i_o only_o have_v see_v it_o use_v though_o by_o the_o word_n it_o shall_v come_v from_o denbighshire_n be_v the_o cut_n up_o of_o all_o the_o turf_n of_o a_o meadow_n with_o a_o instrument_n sharp_a on_o both_o side_n which_o a_o man_n with_o violence_n thrust_v before_o he_o and_o then_o lie_v the_o turf_n on_o heap_n and_o when_o it_o be_v dry_a they_o burn_v it_o and_o spread_v it_o on_o the_o ground_n the_o charge_n be_v usual_o four_o nobles_n which_o the_o goodness_n of_o a_o crop_n or_o two_o repay_v 20_o mixture_n of_o land_n columella_n a_o old_a writer_n say_v that_o his_o grandfather_n use_v to_o carry_v sand_n on_o clay_n and_o on_o the_o contrary_a to_o bring_v clay_n on_o sandy_a ground_n and_o with_o good_a success_n the_o lord_n bacon_n think_v much_o good_a may_v be_v do_v thereby_o for_o if_o chalk_n be_v good_a for_o loamy_a land_n history_n why_o shall_v not_o loam_n be_v good_a for_o chalky_a bank_n 21_o i_o may_v add_v enclosure_n as_o a_o improvement_n of_o land_n not_o only_o because_o that_o man_n when_o their_o ground_n be_v enclose_v may_v employ_v they_o as_o they_o please_v but_o because_o it_o give_v warmth_n and_o consequent_o fertiliey_v there_o be_v one_o in_o london_n who_o promise_v to_o mend_v land_n much_o by_o warmth_n only_o and_o we_o see_v that_o if_o some_o few_o stick_n lie_v together_o and_o give_v a_o place_n warmth_n how_o speedy_o that_o grass_n will_v grow_v 22_o steep_v of_o grain_n the_o ancient_n use_v to_o steep_a bean_n in_o salt-water_n and_o in_o kent_n it_o be_v usual_a to_o steep_a barley_n when_o they_o sow_v late_o that_o it_o may_v grow_v the_o fast_o and_o also_o to_o take_v away_o the_o soil_n for_o wild_a oat_n cockle_n and_o all_o save_o drake_n will_v swim_v as_o also_o much_o of_o the_o light_a corn_n which_o to_o take_v away_o be_v very_o good_a if_o you_o put_v pigeons-dung_n into_o the_o water_n and_o let_v it_o steep_v all_o night_n it_o may_v be_v as_o it_o be_v half_o a_o

dung_v take_v heed_n of_o steep_v pease_n too_o long_o for_o i_o have_v see_v they_o sprout_v in_o three_o or_o four_o hour_n 23_o be_v the_o sow_v of_o course_n and_o cheap_a grain_n and_o when_o they_o be_v grow_v to_o plough_v they_o in_o for_o this_o purpose_n the_o ancient_n do_v use_v lupin_n a_o plant_n well_o know_v to_o our_o gardiner_n and_o in_o kent_n sometime_o tare_n be_v sow_v which_o when_o the_o cattle_n have_v eat_v a_o little_a of_o the_o top_n they_o turn_v they_o in_o with_o very_o good_a improvement_n for_o their_o ground_n meadow_n i_o will_v not_o deny_v but_o that_o we_o have_v good_a husband_n who_o dung_n and_o marl_n their_o meadow_n and_o pasture-land_n and_o throw_v down_o all_o mole_n and_o ant-hil_n and_o with_o the_o their_o spud-staffe_n cut_v up_o all_o thistle_n and_o weed_n and_o that_o they_o likewise_o straw_n ash_n on_o their_o ground_n to_o kill_v the_o moss_n and_o salt_n for_o the_o worm_n and_o they_o do_v very_o well_o but_o yet_o there_o be_v many_o who_o be_v negligent_a in_o these_o particular_n for_o the_o which_o they_o be_v blame-worthy_a but_o the_o deficiency_n of_o which_o i_o intend_v to_o speak_v of_o be_v these_o follow_v cato_n one_o of_o the_o wise_a of_o the_o roman_n sai_z that_o pratum_fw-la est_fw-la quasi_fw-la paratum_fw-la always_o ready_a and_o prepare_v and_o prefer_v meadow_n before_o the_o olive-garden_n although_o the_o spaniard_n bequeath_v olive-tree_n to_o their_o child_n as_o we_o do_v cottage_n or_o vine_n or_o corn_n because_o meadow_n bring_v in_o a_o certain_a profit_n without_o labour_n and_o pain_n but_o the_o other_o require_v much_o cost_n and_o pain_n and_o be_v subject_a to_o frost_n mildew_n haile_o locust_n to_o the_o which_o for_o the_o honour_n of_o meadow_n i_o may_v add_v that_o the_o stock_n of_o meadow_n be_v of_o great_a value_n and_o the_o commodity_n which_o arise_v from_o they_o be_v divers_a and_o of_o great_a value_n than_o corn_n as_o butter_n cheese_n tallow_n hides_n beef_n wool_n and_o therefore_o i_o may_v conclude_v that_o england_n abound_v in_o pasture_n more_o than_o other_o country_n be_v therefore_o rich_a and_o i_o know_v what_o other_o think_v i_o care_v not_o that_o in_o france_n acre_n for_o acre_n be_v not_o comparable_a to_o it_o fortescue_n chancellor_n of_o england_n say_v that_o we_o get_v more_o in_o england_n by_o stand_v still_o than_o the_o french_a by_o work_v but_o to_o speak_v of_o the_o deficiency_n among_o we_o 1_o we_o be_v to_o blame_v that_o we_o have_v neglect_v the_o great_a clovergrasse_n saint_n foin_n lucerne_n 2_o that_o we_o do_v not_o float_v our_o land_n as_o they_o do_v in_o lombary_n where_o they_o mow_v their_o land_n three_o or_o four_o time_n yearly_a which_o consist_v of_o the_o great_a clovergrasse_n here_o be_v the_o excellent_a parmisane_n cheese_n make_v and_o indeed_o these_o pasture_n far_o exceed_v any_o other_o place_n in_o italy_n yea_o in_o europe_n we_o here_o in_o england_n have_v great_a opportunity_n by_o brook_n and_o river_n in_o all_o place_n to_o do_v so_o but_o we_o be_v negligent_a yet_o we_o may_v hereby_o double_v if_o not_o treble_v our_o profit_n kill_v all_o rush_n etc._n etc._n but_o he_o that_o desire_v to_o know_v the_o manner_n how_o to_o do_v this_o and_o that_o profit_n that_o will_v arise_v thereby_o let_v he_o read_v mr._n blithe_n book_n of_o husbandry_n late_o print_v 3_o that_o when_o we_o lie_v down_o land_n for_o meadow_n or_o pasture_n we_o do_v not_o sow_v they_o with_o the_o seed_n of_o fine_a sweet_a grass_n trefoil_n and_o other_o excellent_a herb_n concern_v this_o you_o may_v read_v a_o large_a treatise_n of_o the_o countrey-farmer_n for_o if_o the_o land_n be_v rich_a it_o will_v put_v forth_o weed_n and_o trumpery_n and_o perhaps_o a_o kind_n of_o sour_a grass_n little_a worth_n if_o it_o be_v poor_a you_o shall_v have_v thistle_n may-weed_n and_o little_a or_o no_o grass_n for_o a_o year_n or_o two_o i_o know_v a_o gentleman_n who_o at_o my_o entreaty_n sow_v with_o his_o oat_n the_o bottom_n of_o his_o haymowe_a and_o though_o his_o land_n be_v wear_v out_o of_o heart_n and_o natural_o poor_a yet_o he_o have_v that_o year_n not_o only_o a_o crop_n of_o oat_n but_o he_o may_v if_o it_o have_v please_v he_o have_v mow_v his_o grass_n also_o but_o he_o spare_v it_o which_o be_v well_o do_v till_o the_o next_o year_n that_o it_o may_v make_v a_o turf_n and_o grow_v strong_a by_o this_o husbandry_n land_n may_v be_v well_o improve_v especial_o if_o man_n do_v consider_v the_o diversity_n of_o grass_n which_o be_v 90_o sort_n and_o 23_o of_o trefoil_n i_o know_v a_o place_n in_o kent_n which_o be_v a_o white_a chalky_a down_o which_o ground_n be_v sometime_o sow_v with_o corn_n a_o year_n or_o two_o and_o then_o it_o rest_v as_o long_o or_o long_o when_o it_o be_v lay_v down_o it_o maintain_v many_o great_a sheep_n and_o very_o lusty_a so_o that_o they_o be_v even_o fit_a for_o the_o butcher_n and_o yet_o there_o do_v scarce_o appear_v any_o thing_n that_o they_o can_v eat_v which_o have_v cause_v divers_a to_o wonder_v as_o if_o they_o have_v live_v on_o chalke-stone_n but_o i_o more_o serious_o consider_v the_o matter_n thorough_o view_v the_o ground_n and_o perceive_v that_o the_o ground_n natural_o produce_v a_o small_a trefoil_n which_o it_o seem_v be_v very_o sweet_a and_o pleasant_a it_o be_v common_o call_v trifolium_fw-la luteum_fw-la or_o lupilinum_n that_o be_v yellow_a or_o hop-trefoile_n and_o i_o be_o persuade_v if_o that_o the_o seed_n of_o this_o trefoil_n be_v preserve_v and_o sow_v with_o date_n when_o they_o intend_v to_o lay_v it_o down_o it_o will_v very_o much_o advance_v the_o pasture_n of_o that_o place_n therefore_o i_o desire_v all_o ingenious_a man_n serious_o to_o consider_v the_o nature_n of_o the_o trefoil_n which_o be_v the_o sweet_a of_o grass_n and_o to_o observe_v on_o what_o ground_n they_o natural_o grow_v and_o aso_n the_o nature_n of_o other_o grass_n which_o as_o i_o have_v say_v before_o be_v no_o less_o than_o 90_o sort_n natural_o grow_v in_o this_o isle_n some_o on_o watery_a place_n some_o on_o dry_a some_o on_o clay_n other_o on_o sand_n chalk_n &c_n &c_n some_o on_o fruitful_a place_n other_o in_o barren_a by_o the_o which_o mean_n i_o suppose_v a_o solid_a foundation_n may_v be_v lay_v for_o the_o advance_v the_o paesture-land_n of_o all_o sort_n through_o this_o island_n for_o i_o know_v some_o plant_n as_o the_o orchis_n call_v bee-flower_n etc._n etc._n which_o will_v thrive_v better_o on_o the_o chalky_a barren_a bank_n than_o in_o any_o garden_n though_o the_o mould_n be_v never_o so_o rich_a and_o delicate_a and_o the_o gardener_n very_o diligent_a in_o cherish_v of_o it_o and_o why_o may_v not_o the_o same_o propriety_n be_v in_o grass_n for_o we_o see_v diverse_a benty_n grass_n to_o thrive_v especial_o on_o barren_a place_n where_o scarce_o any_o thing_n else_o will_v grow_v i_o must_v again_o and_o again_o desire_v all_o man_n to_o take_v notice_n of_o the_o wonderful_a grass_n which_o grow_v near_o salisbury_n and_o desire_v they_o to_o try_v it_o on_o their_o rich_a meadow_n land_n it_o be_v a_o common_a say_n that_o there_o be_v more_o waste_n land_n in_o england_n in_o these_o particular_n than_o in_o all_o europe_n beside_o consider_v the_o quantity_n of_o land_n i_o dare_v not_o say_v this_o be_v true_a but_o hope_v if_o it_o be_v so_o that_o it_o it_o will_v be_v mend_v for_o of_o late_a much_o have_v be_v do_v for_o the_o advancement_n of_o these_o kind_n of_o land_n yet_o there_o be_v as_o yet_o great_a deficiency_n in_o the_o time_n of_o papistry_n all_o in_o this_o island_n be_v either_o soldier_n or_o scholar_n scholar_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o great_a honour_n privilege_n and_o profit_n the_o three_o part_n of_o the_o kingdom_n belong_v to_o they_o and_o soldier_n because_o of_o the_o many_o and_o great_a war_n with_o france_n scotland_n ireland_n wales_n and_o in_o those_o time_n gentleman_n think_v it_o a_o honour_n to_o be_v careless_a and_o to_o have_v house_n furniture_n diet_n exercise_n apparel_n etc._n etc._n yea_o all_o thing_n at_o home_n and_o abroad_o soldierlike_a music_n picture_n perfume_n sauce_n unless_o good_a stomach_n be_v count_v perhaps_o unjust_o too_o effeminate_a in_o queen_n elizabeth_n day_n ingenuity_n curiosity_n and_o good_a husbandry_n begin_v to_o take_v place_n and_o then_o salt_n marsh_n begin_v to_o be_v fence_v from_o the_o sea_n and_o yet_o many_o be_v neglect_v even_o to_o our_o day_n as_o hollhaven_n in_o essex_n axtel-holme_a isle_n in_o yorkshire_n many_o 1000_o of_o acre_n have_v late_o be_v gain_v from_o the_o sea_n in_o lincolnshire_n and_o as_o yet_o more_o be_v to_o be_v take_v in_o there_o

and_o in_o other_o place_n rumsey-marsh_n in_o kent_n consist_v of_o 45000_o acre_n and_o upward_o as_o cambden_n relate_v be_v of_o some_o antiquity_n where_o the_o land_n be_v usual_o let_v for_o 30_o s_o per_fw-la acre_n and_o yet_o 1_o d_o per_fw-la week_n constant_o be_v pay_v through_o the_o whole_a levil_n for_o the_o maintenance_n of_o the_o wall_n and_o now_o and_o then_o 2_o d_o whereas_o ordinary_a salt_n be_v account_v dear_a at_o 5_o s_o or_o 6_o s_o per_fw-la acre_n so_o that_o the_o improvement_n be_v very_o considerable_a the_o same_o i_o may_v say_v of_o fen_n especial_o that_o great_a fen_n of_o lincolnshire_n cambridge_n huntingdon_n consisi_v as_o i_o be_o inform_v of_o 380000_o acre_n which_o be_v now_o almost_o recover_v and_o a_o friend_n of_o i_o tell_v i_o very_o late_o that_o he_o have_v proffer_v a_o mark_n per_fw-la acre_n for_o 900_o acre_n together_o to_o sow_v rape_n on_o which_o former_o be_v scarce_o value_v at_o 12_o d_o per_fw-la acre_n very_o great_a therefore_o be_v the_o improvement_n of_o drain_n of_o land_n and_o our_o negligence_n very_o great_a that_o they_o have_v be_v waist_n so_o long_o and_o as_o yet_o so_o continue_v in_o divers_a place_n for_o the_o improve_n of_o a_o kingdom_n be_v better_a than_o the_o conquer_a of_o a_o new_a one_o 2_o i_o see_v likewise_o no_o small_a fault_n in_o this_o land_n by_o have_v so_o many_o chase_n and_o forest_n where_o bramble_n brake_n furze_n do_v grow_v when_o as_o these_o trumpery_n may_v be_v cut_v up_o and_o pot-ash_n make_v of_o they_o and_o the_o ground_n employ_v profitable_o for_o corn_n or_o pasture_n i_o know_v a_o forest_n by_o brill_n in_o buckingham-shire_n take_v in_o and_o the_o land_n be_v usual_o let_v be_v now_o well_o enclose_v for_o 4_o or_o 5_o noble_n per_n acre_n 3_o sort_v of_o waste-land_n be_v dry_a heathy_a commons_o i_o know_v that_o poor_a people_n will_v cry_v out_o against_o i_o because_o i_o call_v these_o waste_a land_n but_o it_o be_v no_o matter_n i_o desire_v ingenious_a gentleman_n serious_o to_o consider_v whether_o or_o no_o these_o land_n may_v not_o be_v improve_v very_o much_o by_o the_o husbandry_n of_o flaunders_n viz._n by_o sow_v flax_n turnip_n great_a clovergrasse_n if_o that_o manure_n be_v make_v by_o fould_a sheep_n after_o the_o flaunders_n way_n to_o keep_v it_o in_o heart_n 2_o whether_o the_o rottenness_n and_o scabbinesse_n of_o sheep_n murrain_n of_o cattle_n disease_n of_o horse_n and_o in_o general_a all_o disease_n of_o cattle_n do_v not_o especial_o proceed_v from_o commons_o 3_o if_o the_o rich_a man_n who_o be_v able_a to_o keep_v great_a stock_n be_v not_o great_a gainer_n by_o they_o 4_o whether_o commons_o do_v not_o rather_o make_v poor_a by_o cause_v idleness_n than_o maintain_v they_o and_o such_o poor_a who_o be_v train_v up_o rather_o for_o the_o gallow_n or_o beggary_n than_o for_o the_o commonwealth_n service_n 5_o how_o it_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o there_o be_v few_o poor_a where_o there_o be_v few_o commons_o as_o in_o kent_n where_o there_o be_v scarce_o six_o commons_o in_o the_o county_n of_o a_o considerable_a greatness_n 6_o how_o many_o do_v they_o see_v enrich_v by_o the_o commons_o and_o if_o their_o cattle_n be_v not_o usual_o sweep_v away_o by_o the_o rot_n or_o starve_v in_o some_o hard_a winter_n 7_o if_o that_o poor_a man_n may_v not_o employ_v 2_o acre_n enclose_v to_o more_o advantage_n than_o twice_o as_o much_o in_o a_o common_a and_o last_o if_o that_o all_o commons_o be_v enclose_v and_o part_v give_v to_o the_o inhabitant_n and_o part_n rent_v out_o for_o a_o stock_n to_o set_v all_o the_o poor_a on_o work_n in_o every_o county_n i_o determine_v nothing_o in_o this_o kind_n but_o leave_v the_o determination_n for_o wise_a head_n 4_o park_n although_o i_o can_v but_o reckon_v park_n among_o land_n which_o be_v not_o improve_v to_o the_o full_a but_o perceive_v considerable_a waste_n by_o they_o by_o brake_n bush_n bramble_n etc._n etc._n grow_v in_o divers_a place_n and_o therefore_o wish_v there_o be_v few_o in_o this_o island_n yet_o i_o be_o not_o so_o great_a a_o enemy_n to_o they_o as_o most_o be_v for_o there_o be_v very_o great_a uses_n of_o they_o as_o 1_o for_o the_o bring_n up_o of_o young_a cattle_n 2_o for_o the_o maintain_n of_o timber_n so_o that_o if_o any_o have_v occasion_n to_o use_v a_o good_a piece_n of_o timber_n either_o for_o a_o mil-post_n or_o a_o keel_n of_o a_o ship_n or_o other_o special_a use_n whither_o can_v they_o go_v but_o to_o a_o park_n 3_o the_o skin_n of_o the_o deer_n be_v very_o useful_a and_o their_o flesh_n excellent_a food_n not_o to_o speak_v of_o the_o medicinal_a uses_n nor_o of_o acorn_n for_o hog_n etc._n etc._n but_o some_o will_v object_v that_o the_o plough_n never_o go_v there_o to_o the_o which_o i_o answer_v it_o be_v no_o matter_n for_o i_o can_v but_o say_v as_o fortescue_n chancellor_n to_o henry_n 6_o do_v that_o god_n have_v give_v we_o such_o a_o fruitful_a land_n law_n that_o without_o labour_n we_o have_v plenty_n whereas_o france_n must_v dig_v and_o delve_v for_o what_o they_o have_v and_o i_o suppose_v that_o i_o can_v maintain_v two_o thing_n which_o be_v think_v great_a paradox_n viz._n that_o it_o be_v no_o loss_n to_o this_o island_n if_o that_o we_o shall_v not_o plough_v at_o all_o if_o so_o be_v that_o we_o can_v certain_o have_v corn_n at_o a_o reasonable_a rate_n and_o likewise_o vent_v for_o all_o our_o manufacture_n of_o wool_n 1_o because_o that_o the_o commodity_n from_o cattle_n be_v far_o more_o stable_a than_o corn_n for_o cloth_n stuff_v stocking_n butter_n cheese_n hides_n shoe_n tallow_n be_v certain_a even_o every_o where_o corn_n scarce_o in_o any_o place_n constant_o in_o none_o 2_o pasture_n employ_v more_o hand_n which_o be_v the_o second_o paradox_n and_o therefore_o pasture_n do_v not_o depopulate_v as_o it_o be_v common_o say_v for_o normandy_n and_o picardy_n in_o france_n where_o there_o be_v pasture_n in_o a_o good_a measure_n be_v a_o populous_a as_o any_o part_n of_o france_n and_o i_o be_o certain_a that_o holland_n friezeland_n zealand_n flaunders_n and_o lombardy_n which_o rely_v altogether_o on_o pasture_n be_v the_o most_o populous_a place_n in_o europe_n but_o some_o will_v object_v and_o say_v that_o a_o shepherd_n and_o a_o dog_n former_o have_v destroy_v divers_a village_n to_o this_o i_o answer_v that_o we_o well_o know_v what_o a_o shepherd_n and_o a_o dog_n can_v do_v viz._n look_v to_o two_o or_o three_o hundred_o sheep_n at_o the_o most_o and_o that_o two_o or_o three_o hundred_o acre_n will_v maintain_v they_o or_o the_o land_n be_v extreme_o barren_a and_o that_o these_o two_o or_o three_o hundred_o acre_n be_v barren_a will_v scarce_o maintain_v a_o plough_n which_o be_v but_o one_o man_n and_o two_o boy_n with_o the_o horse_n and_o that_o the_o mow_v reap_v and_o thresh_v of_o this_o corn_n and_o other_o work_n about_o will_v scarce_o maintain_v three_o more_o with_o work_n through_o the_o whole_a year_n but_o how_o many_o people_n may_v be_v employ_v by_o the_o wool_n of_o two_o or_o three_o hundred_o sheep_n in_o pick_v sort_v card_v spin_v weave_a die_a full_a knit_v i_o leave_v to_o other_o to_o calculate_v and_o further_o if_o the_o pasture_n be_v rich_a meadow_n and_o go_v on_o dair_v i_o suppose_v all_o know_v that_o 100_o acre_n of_o such_o land_n employ_v more_o hand_n than_o 100_o acre_n of_o the_o best_a corne-land_n in_o england_n and_o produce_v likewise_o better_a exportable_a commodity_n and_o further_o if_o i_o shall_v grant_v that_o former_o the_o shepherd_n and_o his_o dog_n do_v depopulate_v yet_o i_o will_v deny_v that_o it_o do_v so_o now_o for_o former_o we_o be_v so_o unwise_a as_o to_o send_v over_o our_o wool_n to_o antwerp_n and_o other_o place_n where_o they_o be_v manufacture_v by_o which_o mean_v one_o pound_n oft_o bring_v 10_o unwrought_a to_o they_o but_o we_o set_v now_o our_o own_o poor_a to_o work_v and_o so_o save_v the_o depopulation_n yet_o i_o say_v it_o be_v convenient_a to_o encourage_v the_o plough_n because_o that_o we_o can_v have_v a_o certainty_n of_o corn_n and_o carriage_n be_v dear_a both_o by_o sea_n and_o land_n especial_o into_o the_o inland-countreys_n and_o our_o commodity_n by_o wool_n do_v cloy_v the_o merchant_n 5_o rushy-land_n blithe_n tell_v we_o good_a remedy_n for_o these_o inconvenience_n viz._n make_v deep_a trench_n oft_o mowing_n chalk_v liming_n dung_v and_o plough_v i_o know_v where_o hungry_a guest_n horse_n soon_o make_v a_o end_n of_o they_o 6_o furze_n broom_n heath_n these_o can_v hardly_o be_v so_o destroy_v but_o at_o length_n they_o will_v up_o again_o for_o god_n have_v give_v a_o

punishment_n inflict_v for_o that_o fault_n as_o you_o may_v see_v in_o the_o twelfth_n chapter_n of_o aulus_n gellius_n his_o four_o book_n in_o these_o word_n pag._n 107._o he_o that_o turn_v fruitful_a land_n into_o barrenness_n as_o the_o land_n of_o canaan_n very_o fruitful_a heretofore_o but_o now_o a_o barren_a desert_n our_o author_n say_v nothing_o but_o what_o be_v common_a in_o the_o mouth_n and_o pen_n of_o almost_o every_o body_n and_o yet_o the_o truth_n thereof_o be_v very_o questionable_a as_o a_o observant_a reader_n will_v easy_o find_v by_o the_o exact_a and_o late_a writer_n of_o that_o country_n among_o who_o eug._n royer_n be_v to_o be_v place_v in_o the_o very_a first_o rank_n and_o thus_o i_o make_v a_o end_n have_v nothing_o to_o say_v to_o any_o thing_n contain_v in_o the_o follow_a page_n of_o your_o legacy_n the_o reprint_n whereof_o with_o those_o alteration_n and_o amendment_n i_o have_v hint_v to_o you_o i_o do_v most_o earnest_o wish_v for_o it_o be_v indeed_o a_o most_o excellent_a piece_n and_o from_o the_o begin_n to_o the_o end_n fraught_v with_o most_o excellent_a observation_n and_o experiment_n finis_fw-la page_n 98._o line_n 12._o mr._n vaughan_n golden_a grove_n shall_v not_o have_v be_v name_v at_o all_o as_o contain_v only_o certain_a georgica_n animi_fw-la matter_n of_o morality_n and_o nothing_o at_o all_o concern_v the_o order_n of_o fishpond_n and_o the_o profit_n of_o they_o of_o which_o dubravius_n de_fw-la piscinis_fw-la have_v write_v on_o purpose_n in_o the_o latin_a tongue_n a_o interrogatory_n relate_v more_o particular_o to_o the_o husbandry_n and_o natural_a history_n of_o ireland_n prov._n 14._o verse_n 22._o do_v they_o not_o err_v that_o devise_v evil_a but_o mercy_n and_o truth_n shall_v be_v to_o they_o that_o devise_v good_a ❧_o print_a for_o richard_n wodenothe_v mdclii_o the_o alphabet_n of_o interrogatories_n a._n apricock_n whether_o any_o thing_n common_a in_o garden_n in_o who_o garden_n how_o 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who_o in_o what_o quantity_n what_o sort_n wherein_o and_o how_o much_o differ_v from_o the_o best_a ant_n pismire_n whether_o in_o any_o such_o quantity_n as_o to_o cause_v annoyance_n and_o waste_n of_o grain_n what_o mean_v use_v to_o destroy_v they_o apple_n whether_o any_o great_a plenty_n any_o where_o what_o sort_n artichoke_n how_o long_o know_v in_o ireland_n by_o who_o bring_v in_o since_o when_o come_v to_o be_v plentiful_a ash_n tree_n where_o most_o plentiful_a in_o how_o much_o time_n from_o the_o seed_n they_o will_v grow_v to_o perfect_a tree_n to_o what_o use_v their_o timber_n be_v put_v ash_n where_o use_v in_o stead_n of_o dung_n in_o what_o quantity_n what_o time_n of_o the_o year_n what_o good_a it_o do_v ass_n by_o who_o any_o be_v bring_v over_o at_o any_o time_n what_o number_n how_o they_o thrive_v and_o whether_o they_o do_v procreate_v b._n badger_n where_o any_o be_v what_o store_n how_o they_o lodge_v themselves_o what_o they_o feed_v upon_o what_o hurt_v they_o do_v how_o hunt_v how_o they_o do_v to_o defend_v or_o save_v themselves_o how_o many_o they_o whelp_n what_o their_o skin_n be_v worth_a and_o to_o what_o use_v put_v whether_o any_o body_n do_v eat_v their_o flesh_n bacon_n the_o whole_a order_n of_o it_o and_o the_o best_a way_n bay-tree_n whether_o any_o store_n any_o where_o and_o of_o any_o great_a bigness_n whether_o at_o any_o time_n they_o bear_v ripe_a berry_n barley_n in_o which_o part_n of_o the_o land_n most_o sow_v in_o what_o ground_n how_o manure_v what_o proportion_n upon_o each_o acre_n what_o increase_n what_o be_v the_o seedtime_n whether_o common_o bread_n be_v make_v of_o it_o any_o where_o barnacle_n where_o any_o be_v in_o what_o number_n how_o sell_v when_o they_o come_v in_o and_o go_v out_o whether_o any_o such_o thing_n be_v as_o barnacle_n engender_v in_o shell_n out_o of_o rot_a wood_n upon_o what_o coast_v any_o such_o thing_n have_v be_v observe_v when_o by_o who_o where_o in_o what_o manner_n how_o long_o ere_o they_o come_v to_o any_o perfection_n whether_o they_o engender_v at_o all_o what_o colour_n they_o be_v of_o what_o bigness_n what_o they_o feed_v on_o barred-harbours_a where_o any_o be_v how_o spacious_a how_o many_o foot_n of_o water_n upon_o the_o bar_n at_o full_a sea_n how_o many_o at_o low_a water_n barrel_n what_o different_a sort_n of_o barrel_n usual_a in_o ireland_n how_o they_o differ_v what_o inferior_a measure_n they_o contain_v how_o many_o of_o they_o go_v to_o a_o hogshead_n and_o a_o tun_n what_o proportion_n they_o bear_v to_o the_o london-measure_n barren-ground_n what_o sort_n of_o ground_n absolute_o barren_a not_o at_o all_o or_o hardly_o to_o be_v make_v profitable_a in_o what_o county_n and_o barony_n any_o be_v and_o of_o what_o extent_n base_a where_o any_o take_v what_o store_n when_o in_o season_n bat_n whether_o and_o where_o any_o store_n of_o they_o what_o hurt_v at_o any_o time_n do_v by_o they_o to_o man_n or_o beast_n particular_n of_o their_o breed_n and_o feed_v how_o take_v and_o destroy_v bean_n in_o which_o part_n most_o sow_v on_o what_o ground_n and_o how_o manure_v with_o what_o increase_n and_o for_o what_o use_v how_o much_o seed_n put_v to_o each_o acre_n when_o sow_v bear_n wherein_o differ_v from_o barley_n where_o most_o sow_v at_o what_o time_n a_o year_n on_o what_o ground_n and_o how_o manure_v what_o proportion_n for_o each_o acre_n what_o increase_n for_o what_o use_v whether_o any_o difference_n in_o goodness_n betwixt_o bear_n and_o bear_n and_o what_o difference_n beef_n what_o quantity_n of_o beef_n be_v wont_n yearly_a to_o be_v make_v by_o the_o merchant_n in_o dublin_n and_o other_o port-town_n what_o it_o will_v cost_v they_o the_o barrel_n and_o what_o they_o will_v sell_v it_o beyond_o sea_n and_o in_o what_o place_n beech-tree_n where_o any_o grow_v what_o store_n whether_o they_o bear_v nut_n and_o ripe_a one_o what_o use_v make_v of_o the_o wood_n beer_n how_o brew_v in_o ireland_n what_o several_a way_n which_o the_o best_a how_o to_o make_v it_o last_v bee_n where_o most_o keep_v where_o any_o store_n of_o wild_a one_o what_o ground_n and_o herb_n they_o most_o delight_n in_o how_o look_v to_o what_o hive_n when_o they_o begin_v to_o make_v honey_n when_o they_o give_v over_o how_o much_o honey_n and_o wax_n ordinary_o in_o one_o hive_n when_o they_o take_v out_o the_o honey_n whether_o they_o take_v all_o or_o leave_v some_o for_o they_o to_o feed_v on_o during_o winter_n what_o vermin_n they_o be_v obnoxious_a to_o and_o how_o preserve_v from_o they_o when_o the_o young_a swarm_n be_v take_v and_o how_o hive_v beetle_n what_o particular_n observe_v concern_v their_o nature_n breed_v feed_a birch-tree_n where_o any_o be_v what_o store_n of_o they_o how_o sow_v in_o what_o time_n they_o will_v grow_v to_o perfection_n what_o use_v make_v of_o they_o bird-lime_n where_o any_o make_v in_o ireland_n what_o quantity_n in_o what_o manner_n bird_n what_o sort_n of_o bird_n every_o where_o what_o plenty_n what_o goodness_n when_o in_o season_n how_o take_v their_o nature_n breed_v feed_v what_o sort_v of_o they_o be_v constant_o in_o ireland_n at_o all_o time_n and_o what_o sort_n do_v come_v and_o go_v at_o scertain_v season_n bird_n of_o prey_n what_o sort_n in_o any_o place_n what_o store_n what_o hurt_v they_o do_v how_o take_v and_o destroy_v how_o make_v tame_a blackbird_n where_o any_o store_n when_o in_o season_n and_o how_o long_o when_o their_o breeding-time_n their_o feed_n way_n of_o take_v they_o at_o what_o rate_v sell_v the_o dozen_o whether_o any_o different_a sort_n of_o they_o and_o wherein_o they_o differ_v bloomery_n the_o fashion_n of_o they_o charge_n of_o make_v one_o how_o many_o people_n necessary_a to_o attend_v they_o what_o quantity_n