sign_n of_o a_o good_a ground_n where_o the_o crow_n and_o pie_n in_o great_a number_n follow_v the_o plough_n scrape_v in_o the_o step_v of_o the_o ploughman_n the_o goodness_n be_v likewise_o know_v if_o at_o the_o sunsetting_a after_o a_o rainbow_n and_o in_o a_o shower_n of_o rain_n follow_v a_o drought_n it_o yield_v a_o pleasant_a succour_n also_o in_o taste_n it_o will_v appear_v if_o taste_v of_o a_o clod_n that_o have_v be_v water_v in_o a_o earthen_a vessel_n you_o find_v it_o sweet_a it_o be_v a_o sign_n of_o a_o rich_a ground_n if_o bitter_a a_o great_a token_n of_o barren_a ground_n if_o it_o be_v saltish_a it_o be_v to_o be_v shun_v and_o not_o to_o be_v use_v you_o must_v take_v notice_n that_o ground_n will_v also_o change_v and_o of_o fruitful_a become_v barren_a which_o have_v be_v see_v in_o several_a place_n of_o our_o country_n beside_o one_o kind_n of_o ground_n though_o it_o be_v never_o so_o fertile_a will_v not_o bear_v all_o thing_n moreover_o the_o disposition_n of_o the_o heaven_n be_v a_o great_a matter_n all_o country_n have_v not_o the_o wether_n and_o air_n alike_o wherefore_o it_o be_v the_o part_n of_o a_o good_a husbandman_n to_o know_v the_o nature_n and_o property_n of_o his_o ground_n and_o to_o mark_v the_o disposition_n of_o it_o for_o every_o season_n of_o the_o year_n he_o must_v also_o consider_v what_o crop_n be_v best_a for_o every_o layer_n some_o ground_n serve_v for_o corn_n some_o for_o meadow_n some_o for_o pasture_n neither_o may_v all_o thing_n be_v well_o sow_o in_o rich_a ground_n nor_o nothing_o in_o barren_a ground_n such_o thing_n as_o need_v not_o much_o moisture_n be_v best_a sow_o in_o light_a ground_n as_o the_o great_a claver_fw-la spery_n chich_n and_o the_o other_o pulse_n that_o be_v pull_v and_o not_o cut_v those_o that_o require_v much_o sustenance_n be_v sow_v in_o rich_a ground_n as_o potherb_n wheat_n rye_n barley_n linseed_n some_o of_o they_o do_v good_a in_o the_o year_n follow_v as_o lupin_n that_o be_v use_v to_o be_v sow_o for_o the_o better_n of_o the_o ground_n there_o be_v difference_n also_o to_o be_v put_v betwixt_o fruit_n for_o pleasure_n and_o such_o as_o be_v for_o profit_n as_o fruit-tree_n and_o flower_n and_o such_o thing_n as_o yield_v both_o pleasure_n and_o sustenance_n and_o be_v also_o profitable_a to_o the_o ground_n you_o must_v choose_v for_o willow_n ofieâ—s_n and_o reed_n a_o wet_a and_o marshy_a ground_n and_o contrary_a where_o you_o will_v have_v corn_n and_o pulse_n that_o delight_n in_o dry_a ground_n sperage_n and_o suchlike_a must_v be_v sow_o in_o shady_a place_n and_o other_o ground_n for_o quickset_n timber_n mast_n and_o fuel_n yea_o such_o ground_n as_o be_v very_o gravelly_a and_o barren_a have_v its_o use_n where_o you_o may_v plant_v birch_n and_o suchlike_a and_o watery_a ground_n where_o you_o may_v set_v alder_n broom_n bulrush_n etc._n etc._n chap._n ii_o of_o the_o dung_v of_o ground_n since_o in_o all_o place_n the_o ground_n be_v not_o of_o a_o like_a goodness_n if_o we_o chance_v upon_o a_o lean_a and_o a_o barren_a ground_n as_o heathy_a brushy_a and_o gravelly_a ground_n we_o must_v endeavour_v to_o make_v these_o fruitful_a and_o to_o mend_v they_o by_o art_n for_o there_o be_v no_o country_n that_o our_o most_o gracious_a god_n have_v leave_v without_o sufficient_a yield_v if_o we_o use_v but_o our_o industry_n which_o may_v be_v happy_o employ_v divers_a way_n principal_o by_o dung_v and_o diligent_a labour_n to_o which_o purpose_n it_o will_v be_v necessary_a for_o we_o to_o know_v what_o dung_n do_v most_o enrich_v the_o earth_n the_o most_o expert_a of_o the_o ancient_a husbandman_n appoint_v three_o sort_n of_o dung_n the_o first_o of_o poultry_n the_o next_o of_o man_n the_o three_o of_o cattle_n of_o the_o first_o sort_n the_o best_a be_v have_v out_o of_o dove-house_n the_o next_o be_v of_o pulline_n and_o other_o fowl_n except_o goose_n and_o duck_n which_o be_v hurtful_a the_o ancient_n have_v such_o store_n of_o poultry_n and_o fowl_n as_o the_o dung_n of_o they_o be_v say_v to_o have_v suffice_v for_o the_o manure_n of_o their_o ground_n the_o next_o to_o this_o be_v man_n ordure_n if_o it_o be_v mix_v with_o other_o rubbish_n of_o the_o house_n for_o of_o itself_o it_o be_v too_o hot_a and_o burn_v the_o ground_n man_n urine_n be_v keep_v six_o month_n and_o pour_v upon_o the_o root_n of_o appletree_n and_o vine_n cause_v they_o to_o be_v very_o fruitful_a and_o give_v a_o pleasant_a taste_n to_o the_o fruit._n in_o the_o three_o place_n be_v the_o dung_n of_o cattle_n whereof_o the_o best_a be_v the_o dung_n of_o ass_n because_o this_o beast_n do_v chew_v with_o the_o most_o leisure_n whereby_o his_o meat_n be_v well_o digest_v be_v make_v the_o profitable_a dung_n next_o to_o this_o be_v the_o dung_n of_o sheep_n next_o of_o goat_n then_o of_o ox_n and_o horse_n the_o worst_a of_o swine_n very_o hurtful_a to_o the_o corn_n but_o use_v in_o some_o place_n for_o garden_n for_o want_v of_o other_o dung_n it_o be_v a_o great_a breeder_n of_o noisome_a weed_n the_o dung_n of_o horse_n likewise_o where_o they_o be_v feed_v with_o barley_n do_v breed_v weed_n the_o lupine_n before_o he_o bear_v his_o god_n be_v most_o commend_v be_v turn_v up_o with_o the_o plough_n or_o mattock_n and_o lay_v in_o bundle_n about_o the_o root_n of_o tree_n or_o vine_n where_o they_o have_v no_o store_n of_o cattle_n they_o use_v to_o mend_v their_o ground_n with_o straw_n and_o fern_n and_o with_o the_o stalk_n of_o lupin_n and_o the_o branch_n lay_v together_o in_o some_o ditch_n hereunto_o you_o may_v cast_v ash_n the_o filth_n of_o sink_n and_o privy_n straw_n and_o other_o thing_n rake_v together_o but_o in_o the_o midst_n you_o must_v lay_v some_o sound_a substance_n against_o the_o breed_n of_o adder_n and_o snake_n also_o hemlock_n walwort_n and_o the_o weed_n grow_v about_o willow-tree_n and_o fern_n with_o other_o such_o rot_a weed_n you_o may_v gather_v and_o lay_v under_o your_o sheep_n they_o that_o dwell_v in_o gravelly_a and_o heathy_a ground_n do_v take_v the_o turn_v of_o the_o earth_n and_o heath_n and_o lay_v they_o in_o heap_n powder_v with_o a_o little_a dung_n suffer_v they_o to_o lie_v and_o rot_v and_o after_o lay_v it_o on_o barren_a ground_n but_o more_o especial_o when_o they_o keep_v great_a store_n of_o sheep_n they_o cast_v into_o their_o fold_n such_o turn_v pare_v from_o the_o ground_n columella_n count_v they_o but_o bad_a husband_n that_o have_v of_o every_o one_o of_o the_o lesser_a kind_n of_o cattle_n less_o than_o a_o cartload_n of_o dung_n in_o three_o hundred_o day_n and_o each_o of_o the_o great_a sort_v ten_o load_n beside_o the_o filth_n and_o dirt_n of_o the_o yard_n this_o be_v also_o to_o be_v take_v notice_n of_o that_o the_o dung_n that_o have_v lie_v a_o year_n be_v best_a for_o the_o corn_n for_o it_o both_o be_v of_o sufficient_a strength_n and_o breed_v less_o weed_n but_o upon_o meadow_n and_o pasture_n you_o must_v lay_v the_o new_a because_o it_o bring_v most_o grass_n and_o this_o must_v be_v do_v in_o february_n the_o moon_n increase_n for_o this_o be_v the_o best_a time_n to_o cause_n increase_v of_o grass_n in_o the_o manure_n of_o your_o ground_n look_v that_o you_o lay_v most_o dung_n upon_o the_o top_n of_o the_o hill_n for_o the_o rain_n will_v drive_v it_o into_o the_o low_a part_n fast_o enough_o he_o that_o intend_v to_o have_v his_o ground_n to_o bear_v much_o corn_n if_o he_o mean_v to_o sow_v in_o the_o end_n of_o the_o summer_n must_v turn_v in_o his_o dung_n in_o september_n if_o in_o the_o spring_n he_o may_v lay_v it_o on_o in_o any_o time_n of_o the_o winter_n what_o time_n soever_o he_o do_v it_o he_o must_v look_v that_o the_o wind_n he_o westerly_a and_o the_o moon_n in_o the_o wain_n beside_o he_o must_v be_v sure_a that_o the_o dung_n be_v dry_a when_o he_o lay_v it_o on_o the_o ground_n for_o lay_v it_o on_o while_o it_o be_v moist_a it_o do_v more_o harm_n to_o the_o ground_n than_o good_a as_o daily_a experience_n teach_v now_o as_o the_o land_n will_v wax_v cold_a if_o it_o be_v not_o dung_v so_o will_v it_o be_v dry_v or_o burn_v if_o it_o be_v manure_v yearly_o or_o too_o much_o the_o watery_a ground_n require_v more_o store_n of_o dung_n and_o the_o dry_a ground_n the_o less_o in_o some_o place_n the_o scour_v of_o pond_n and_o ditch_n be_v use_v to_o the_o great_a enrich_n of_o the_o ground_n in_o mountainous_a and_o barren_a land_n they_o make_v their_o land_n fruitful_a with_o lay_v on_o of_o chalk_n but_o long_o use_v of_o it_o make_v the_o ground_n stark_o nought_o from_o whence_o it_o be_v grow_v
then_o well_o harrow_v about_o four_o bushel_n will_v sufficient_o sow_v a_o acre_n which_o do_v you_o must_v cover_v it_o with_o a_o harrow_n very_o fine_a and_o break_v all_o the_o clots_n pick_v the_o stone_n and_o rubbish_n off_o the_o ground_n that_o it_o may_v come_v easy_o up_o the_o proper_a time_n of_o sow_v be_v in_o the_o middle_n or_o towards_o the_o end_n of_o march._n after_o the_o land_n be_v sow_v and_o it_o begin_v to_o spring_v up_o as_o soon_o as_o any_o weed_n appear_v they_o must_v be_v take_v out_o and_o be_v from_o time_n to_o time_n keep_v as_o free_v from_o they_o as_o may_v be_v and_o when_o the_o leaf_n be_v come_v to_o full_a growth_n which_o will_v be_v some_o time_n soon_o and_o at_o other_o late_a as_o the_o seasonableness_n of_o the_o year_n produce_v dryer_n or_o moist_a you_o must_v cut_v it_o up_o and_o carry_v it_o to_o the_o mill_n to_o be_v ground_n and_o when_o it_o be_v so_o make_v it_o up_o in_o little_a ball_n and_o dry_v they_o well_o for_o use_v and_o good_a woad_n in_o a_o seasonable_a year_n may_v very_o probable_o yield_v five_o or_o six_o crop_n and_o ordinary_o four_o and_o three_o and_o the_o winter_n crop_n be_v excellent_a for_o sheep_n keep_v they_o from_o the_o rot_n and_o many_o other_o disease_n it_o likewise_o contrary_a to_o the_o opinion_n of_o some_o prepare_v the_o ground_n very_o well_o for_o corn_n and_o good_a estate_n have_v be_v get_v by_o it_o the_o best_a woad_n have_v be_v sell_v from_o twenty_o to_o thirty_o pound_v a_o tun._n chap._n xlvii_o improvement_n of_o land_n by_o sow_v mad_a and_o how_o to_o order_v it_o mad_a be_v a_o very_a good_a improver_n of_o land_n and_o be_v much_o use_v in_o die_v there_o be_v but_o one_o kind_n of_o it_o which_o be_v manure_v and_o set_v for_o use_n but_o there_o be_v many_o thing_n like_o it_o as_o goosegrass_n soft_a cliver_n crosswort_n lady_n bedstraw_n &c_n &c_n which_o have_v all_o leave_n like_o mad_a and_o be_v suppose_v to_o be_v a_o wild_a kind_n of_o it_o it_o have_v long_a stalk_n and_o trail_a branch_n on_o the_o ground_n rough_a and_o full_a of_o joint_n and_o every_o joint_n set_v with_o green_a rough_a leave_n in_o the_o manner_n of_o a_o star_n the_o flower_n grow_v on_o the_o top_n of_o the_o branch_n of_o a_o faint_a yellow_a colour_n after_o which_o come_v the_o seed_n round_o and_o green_a the_o root_n creep_v far_o in_o the_o upper_a crust_n of_o the_o earth_n one_o root_n entangle_v into_o another_o and_o when_o it_o be_v green_a and_o fresh_a the_o root_n be_v of_o a_o red_a colour_n small_a and_o tender_a and_o although_o it_o bear_v a_o seed_n yet_o in_o this_o country_n it_o come_v not_o to_o perfection_n and_o therefore_o it_o must_v be_v plant_v from_o the_o set_v that_o be_v to_o be_v get_v from_o the_o mad_a and_o the_o season_n of_o get_v or_o draw_v they_o be_v march_n and_o april_n as_o soon_o as_o they_o be_v spring_v out_o of_o the_o ground_n about_o three_o inch_n every_o sucker_n have_v some_o spines_n of_o root_n grow_v from_o it_o be_v slip_v from_o the_o main_a root_n as_o soon_o as_o you_o have_v draw_v they_o put_v they_o into_o a_o convenient_a basket_n with_o some_o fine_a mould_n and_o hasten_v they_o to_o the_o ground_n where_o they_o be_v to_o be_v set_v for_o the_o soon_o they_o be_v set_v the_o better_a they_o prosper_v the_o ground_n they_o best_o thrive_v in_o must_v be_v very_o rich_a warm_a and_o a_o deep_a soil_n dig_v two_o spade_n graft_n and_o two_o woveling_n also_o and_o when_o it_o be_v rake_v and_o lay_v very_o even_o then_o draw_v very_o straight_a line_n or_o furrow_n tread_v out_o in_o long_a bed_n about_o four_o foot_n broad_a from_o one_o end_n of_o your_o work_n unto_o the_o other_o set_v they_o about_o one_o foot_n asunder_o every_o way_n and_o if_o it_o be_v a_o dry_a spring_n they_o must_v be_v keep_v water_v till_o they_o recover_v their_o fade_a wan_a complexion_n you_o may_v begin_v to_o dig_v your_o ground_n in_o the_o begin_n of_o winter_n and_o so_o all_o along_o to_o the_o time_n of_o set_v weed_z it_z and_z ho_o it_o till_o it_o have_v get_v the_o mastery_n of_o the_o weed_n and_o then_o it_o will_v destroy_v they_o set_v they_o by_o a_o line_n for_o a_o good_a evenness_n with_o a_o setting-stick_a crumble_a in_o light_a mould_n to_o fill_v up_o the_o vacancy_n and_o if_o any_o die_v you_o must_v fill_v up_o the_o vacancy_n for_o they_o come_v not_o to_o their_o natural_a perfection_n under_o three_o year_n and_o the_o first_o and_o second_o year_n keep_v they_o hoe_z and_o you_o may_v gather_v set_v from_o they_o almost_o as_o many_o as_o you_o have_v set_v for_o the_o root_n will_v bear_v it_o by_o take_v firmness_n in_o the_o ground_n and_o well_o spread_v so_o that_o these_o set_v will_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n supply_v other_o ground_n chap._n xlviii_o wood-land_n and_o enclosure_n improve_v and_o the_o great_a advantage_n make_v thereby_o enclosure_n and_o wood-land_n be_v of_o great_a advantage_n to_o the_o husbandman_n not_o only_o in_o supply_v he_o with_o timber_n for_o his_o own_o use_n in_o building_n and_o sale_n but_o with_o underwood_n for_o hedging_n fuel_n and_o the_o like_a for_o himself_o and_o neighbour_n to_o increase_v enclosure_n and_o pass_v away_o the_o bitter_a cold_a of_o the_o winter_n with_o keep_v good_a fire_n beside_o tree_n may_v be_v plant_v and_o will_v flourish_v in_o place_n where_o corn_n or_o grass_n or_o any_o other_o profitable_a thing_n will_v not_o kind_o grow_v beside_o when_o the_o land_n be_v clear_v of_o wood_n they_o prove_v much_o better_o and_o yield_v great_a plenty_n of_o corn_n with_o a_o little_a manure_n than_o many_o that_o have_v be_v long_o till_v lie_v round_o about_o they_o they_o also_o yield_v pleasant_a and_o delightful_a prospect_n to_o the_o eye_n serve_v as_o cool_v shade_n to_o retreat_n in_o in_o the_o summer_n and_o in_o the_o winter_n prove_v shelter_n to_o the_o house_n barn_n and_o land_n lie_v near_o they_o from_o the_o cold_a nip_a wind_n and_o in_o wood_n by_o their_o warmness_n grass_n in_o the_o vacant_a place_n spring_v all_o the_o year_n on_o which_o sheep_n will_v feed_v well_o and_o grow_v fat_a be_v by_o that_o mean_v preserve_v from_o the_o cold_a and_o rot_v likewise_o well_o grow_v wood_n in_o most_o place_n produce_v mast_n holm_n acorn_n hazle-nut_n service_n meddler_n and_o the_o like_a which_o either_o fall_n of_o themselves_o or_o be_v diligent_o beat_v down_o feed_v a_o great_a number_n of_o swine_n to_o a_o considerable_a fatness_n land_n of_o small_a value_n may_v be_v by_o plant_v of_o tree_n bring_v to_o grow_v up_o to_o considerable_a estate_n i_o find_v it_o confirm_v by_o several_a that_o land_n not_o compute_v to_o be_v worth_a ten_o shilling_n a_o acre_n per_fw-la annum_fw-la have_v by_o this_o manner_n of_o improvement_n produce_v at_o eleven_o or_o twelve_o year_n growth_n as_o much_o wood_n as_o be_v fell_v from_o one_o acre_n 60_o l._n and_o indeed_o morish_a boggy-land_n that_o can_v be_v drain_v or_o other_o way_n improve_v to_o any_o profit_n or_o advantage_n be_v plant_v with_o osier_n willow_n alder_a poplar_n or_o the_o like_a tree_n that_o affect_v and_o covet_v moist_a ground_n return_v in_o a_o little_a time_n to_o a_o great_a advantage_n for_o many_o use_n grow_v very_o fast_o so_o that_o they_o turn_v to_o great_a advantage_n it_o have_v be_v know_v that_o a_o hundred_o ash_n at_o the_o growth_n of_o fifty_o year_n have_v be_v sell_v for_o 500_o l._n and_o these_o grow_v too_o on_o a_o very_a small_a compass_n of_o land_n which_o they_o but_o little_o encumber_v and_o i_o find_v it_o set_v down_o that_o a_o person_n plant_v so_o much_o wood_n that_o in_o his_o own_o life_n time_n be_v value_v at_o 50000_o l._n these_o great_a income_n and_o increase_v methinks_v shall_v give_v many_o encouragement_n to_o imitate_v our_o predecessor_n that_o as_o we_o find_v the_o advantage_n of_o their_o labour_n and_o industry_n so_o ourselves_o and_o our_o posterity_n may_v find_v the_o like_a of_o our_o own_o and_o for_o the_o better_a quick_a and_o least_o chargeable_a improvement_n of_o these_o thing_n i_o shall_v lay_v down_o plain_a and_o easy_a rule_n chap._n xlix_o of_o oak_n elm_n and_o beech_n how_o to_o order_n and_o improve_v they_o for_o the_o best_a advantage_n as_o for_o the_o english_a oak_n among_o other_o for_o firmness_n and_o durableness_n it_o be_v count_v the_o best_a timber_n in_o the_o world_n for_o build_v house_n ship_n and_o other_o necessary_a use_n and_o yet_o it_o will_v grow_v in_o any_o indifferent_a land_n good_a or_o bad_a as_o clay_n gravel_n sand_n mix_v or_o unmixed_a soil_n dry_a cold_a warm_a
the_o earth_n not_o be_v free_a from_o it_o but_o a_o curse_n of_o barrenness_n cast_v upon_o it_o also_o yet_o adam_n be_v send_v forth_o to_o till_o the_o earth_n and_o improve_v it_o in_o the_o sweat_n of_o his_o face_n he_o must_v eat_v bread_n until_o he_o return_v to_o the_o earth_n again_o and_o so_o down_o to_o abel_n the_o one_o husband_v the_o earth_n for_o tillage_n and_o the_o other_o the_o sheep_n in_o pasture_v and_o graze_v and_o so_o down_o to_o noah_n the_o first_o planter_n of_o the_o vine_n he_o begin_v to_o be_v a_o husbandman_n and_o to_o abraham_n and_o to_o jacob_n and_o to_o esau_n and_o so_o along_o from_o the_o patriarch_n till_o they_o come_v to_o the_o government_n of_o king_n where_o vzziah_n commendation_n be_v that_o he_o love_v husbandry_n 2_o chron._n 26.11_o and_o many_o excellent_a thing_n as_o if_o husbandry_n be_v most_o excellent_a as_o indeed_o it_o be_v here_o on_o earth_n where_o solomon_n the_o wise_a man_n be_v the_o second_o husbandman_n or_o improver_n of_o the_o world_n who_o you_o shall_v find_v out_o of_o the_o depth_n of_o his_o experience_n to_o cry_v up_o diligence_n and_o activity_n in_o good_a husbandry_n and_o therefore_o he_o send_v we_o to_o the_o pismire_n declaim_v against_o the_o sluggard_n and_o slothful_a on_o who_o say_v he_o come_v poverty_n as_o a_o arm_a man_n he_o extol_v the_o diligent_a as_o fit_a to_o converse_v with_o king_n when_o the_o idle_a shall_v be_v under_o tribute_n for_o the_o usefulness_n of_o it_o it_o be_v no_o less_o than_o the_o maintenance_n of_o our_o life_n estate_n the_o commonwealth_n and_o a_o advancement_n and_o improvement_n of_o the_o fruit_n and_o profit_n of_o the_o earth_n by_o ingenuity_n be_v little_o less_o than_o a_o addition_n of_o a_o new_a world_n for_o what_o be_v gain_v hereby_o either_o above_o the_o natural_a fruitfulness_n of_o the_o earth_n or_o else_o by_o reducement_n of_o that_o which_o be_v destroy_v or_o impoverish_v from_o its_o natural_a fruitfulness_n to_o a_o great_a fertility_n be_v a_o clear_a argumentation_n and_o addition_n to_o the_o honour_n and_o profit_n of_o our_o english_a nation_n all_o other_o calling_n but_o proceed_v hence_o the_o earth_n be_v the_o very_a womb_n that_o bear_v all_o and_o the_o mother_n that_o must_v nourish_v and_o maintain_v all_o the_o merchant_n be_v a_o gallant_a servant_n to_o the_o commonwealth_n he_o fetch_v his_o riches_n from_o far_o and_o he_o be_v a_o worthy_a contributer_n to_o the_o wealth_n and_o prosperity_n of_o the_o kingdom_n but_o he_o produce_v it_o from_o other_o who_o can_v themselves_o make_v great_a profit_n of_o it_o and_o though_o he_o gain_v a_o great_a estate_n yet_o he_o raise_v it_o not_o out_o of_o nothing_o but_o part_n with_o gold_n and_o silver_n and_o with_o commodity_n for_o it_o but_o this_o merchant_n of_o husbandry_n he_o raise_v it_o out_o of_o the_o earth_n which_o otherwise_o will_v yield_v little_a unless_o his_o ingenuity_n dig_v and_o sethe_v it_o out_o otherwise_o possible_o it_o have_v never_o be_v so_o discover_v as_o to_o have_v be_v there_o and_o what_o part_n he_o with_o for_o it_o what_o rate_n purchase_v he_o it_o at_o even_o only_o by_o his_o ingenuous_a industry_n and_o with_o the_o wage_n of_o the_o labour_a man_n who_o he_o be_v bind_v both_o by_o the_o law_n of_o god_n and_o nature_n to_o allow_v a_o competent_a maintenance_n oh_o the_o excellency_n integrity_n and_o use_v of_o husbandry_n prov._n 11.26_o a_o blessing_n be_v on_o the_o head_n of_o he_o that_o till_v corn_n and_o the_o thought_n of_o the_o diligent_a bring_v abundance_n to_o conclude_v with_o few_o word_n as_o for_o the_o term_n of_o husbandry_n i_o resolve_v to_o deliver_v myself_o in_o our_o own_o native_a country_n ordinary_a and_o homespun_a language_n not_o slight_v those_o ancient_a term_n which_o be_v use_v in_o several_a country_n the_o better_a to_o acquaint_v my_o countryman_n with_o they_o all_o which_o i_o shall_v do_v as_o brief_o as_o possible_o i_o may_v to_o render_v myself_o acceptable_a to_o my_o reader_n be_v clear_a apprehension_n chap._n i._n how_o to_o know_v the_o goodness_n of_o the_o ground_n many_o count_v that_o to_o be_v the_o best_a ground_n that_o lie_v at_o the_o foot_n of_o a_o hill_n be_v level_a and_o towards_o the_o sun_n in_o cold_a and_o northerly_a country_n it_o be_v good_a to_o have_v the_o land_n to_o be_v east_n and_o south_n lest_o these_o two_o quarter_n be_v hard_o off_o by_o a_o hill_n the_o land_n be_v freeze_v with_o cold_a but_o in_o hot_a country_n it_o be_v better_a to_o have_v the_o ground_n lie_v north_n both_o for_o pleasure_n and_o health_n you_o may_v soon_o know_v the_o condition_n of_o every_o ground_n than_o of_o man_n themselves_o for_o the_o ground_n be_v well_o till_v can_v hardly_o deceive_v you_o to_o know_v the_o nature_n therefore_o of_o every_o ground_n you_o must_v mark_v well_o the_o plant_n and_o the_o yield_v of_o the_o country_n except_o you_o will_v lose_v your_o labour_n look_v whether_o there_o be_v in_o the_o land_n either_o stone_n marble_n sand_n gravel_n raddel_n chalk_n day_n prebile_a or_o carbuncle_n that_o be_v ground_n overheat_v and_o parch_v with_o the_o sun_n which_o will_v burn_v the_o root_n of_o whatsoever_o come_v in_o it_o also_o if_o it_o be_v wet_a or_o weep_a ground_n or_o subject_n to_o such_o other_o inconvenience_n and_o such_o ground_n also_o according_a to_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o soil_n be_v good_a or_o evil_n in_o some_o country_n stone_n ground_n be_v altogether_o barren_a especial_o for_o corn_n and_o fruit_n in_o other_o place_n again_o they_o use_v stone_n in_o the_o manure_n and_o better_v of_o their_o ground_n in_o some_o place_n in_o stony_a and_o hilly_a ground_n oat_n do_v prosper_v well_o in_o like_a manner_n also_o in_o all_o country_n you_o must_v regard_v the_o layre_n of_o the_o country_n and_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o seed_n that_o we_o sow_v for_o gravel_n in_o some_o place_n be_v cast_v upon_o the_o ground_n instead_o of_o dung_n and_o some_o thing_n prosper_v best_a in_o gravelly_a ground_n it_o be_v also_o something_o to_o the_o purpose_n whether_o the_o gravel_n be_v white_a red_a or_o yellow_a beside_o pure_a ground_n do_v deceive_v both_o with_o colour_n and_o quality_n in_o some_o country_n the_o black_a mould_n be_v only_o esteem_v in_o other_o the_o fat_a red_a mould_n be_v think_v best_a in_o other_o place_n the_o chalky_a ground_n bear_v good_a corn_n and_o pasture_n very_o well_o in_o some_o place_n the_o thick_a and_o clammy_a ground_n be_v most_o fruitful_a in_o all_o these_o it_o be_v to_o be_v learn_v what_o be_v best_a for_o the_o hilly_a ground_n what_o for_o the_o valley_n what_o for_o the_o till_v what_o for_o the_o lay_v ground_n what_o the_o most_o sedgy_a ground_n require_v and_o what_o the_o dry_a and_o barren_a also_o in_o plant_v what_o ground_n be_v best_a for_o vine_n what_o for_o other_o tree_n what_o delight_v in_o dry_a ground_n and_o what_o in_o moist_a ground_n virgil_n commend_v a_o ground_n that_o be_v fat_a for_o such_o ground_n be_v till_v with_o small_a charge_n and_o labour_n the_o next_o that_o which_o be_v fat_a and_o stiff_a which_o great_o recompense_v the_o husbandman_n travail_n and_o charge_n the_o worst_a be_v that_o which_o be_v dry_a lean_a and_o stiff_a for_o it_o be_v not_o only_o till_v with_o great_a pain_n but_o also_o it_o do_v not_o answer_v the_o husbandman_n expectation_n in_o his_o crop_n neither_o at_o any_o time_n serve_v it_o for_o good_a meadow_n or_o pasture_n and_o therefore_o such_o ground_n be_v not_o to_o be_v meddle_v withal_o also_o the_o goodness_n of_o the_o ground_n may_v be_v easy_o perceive_v by_o these_o signâ—_n and_o follow_v token_n for_o a_o cold_a clod_n sprinkle_v with_o a_o little_a water_n if_o in_o work_v with_o the_o hand_n it_o be_v clammy_a and_o cleave_v and_o stick_v to_o the_o finger_n like_o pitch_n when_o it_o be_v handle_v and_o break_v not_o in_o fall_v to_o the_o ground_n this_o show_v a_o natural_a fatness_n and_o richness_n to_o be_v in_o it_o beside_o you_o may_v know_v the_o mould_n that_o be_v good_a for_o câ—â—â—_n if_o it_o bear_v bull_n rush_n thistle_n three-leaved_n grass_n dunwort_n bramble_n black_a thorn_n and_o such_o like_a as_o never_o grow_v but_o for_o the_o most_o part_n in_o good_a ground_n as_o on_o the_o other_o side_n the_o loathsome_a and_o ill-favoured_a weed_n declare_v a_o lean_a and_o a_o bitter_a ground_n fern_n and_o wither_a plant_n a_o cold_a ground_n sad_a and_o heavy_a colour_a a_o moist_a and_o a_o wet_a ground_n a_o raddel_n and_o a_o stony_a ground_n be_v discern_v by_o the_o eye_n a_o stiff_a and_o a_o tough_a clay_n by_o the_o labour_n and_o toil_n of_o the_o oxen._a it_o be_v also_o a_o
and_o not_o up_o and_o down_o for_o thereby_o the_o inconveniency_n of_o the_o steepness_n be_v meet_v withal_o and_o the_o labour_n both_o of_o the_o man_n and_o cattle_n be_v ease_v but_o herein_o you_o must_v be_v careful_a that_o you_o plough_v not_o always_o one_o way_n but_o sometime_o high_o sometime_o low_o work_v aslope_o as_o you_o shall_v see_v cause_n touch_v the_o season_n of_o plough_v it_o must_v be_v chief_o in_o the_o spring_n for_o in_o summer_n the_o ground_n be_v too_o hard_a and_o in_o winter_n too_o foul_a and_o dirty_a but_o in_o the_o spring_n the_o ground_n be_v mellow_a be_v easy_o to_o be_v wrought_v and_o the_o weed_n be_v then_o but_o turn_v in_o which_o both_o do_v good_a for_o the_o inrichment_n of_o the_o ground_n and_o pluck_v up_o by_o the_o root_n before_o they_o have_v seed_v will_v spring_v again_o and_o therefore_o for_o the_o most_o part_n we_o begin_v to_o plough_v about_o the_o midst_n of_o march_n but_o sandy_a and_o light_a ground_n they_o use_v to_o be_v plough_v in_o the_o midst_n of_o winter_n if_o the_o season_n will_v suffer_v pliny_n be_v of_o my_o opinion_n that_o stiff_a ground_n than_o shall_v be_v stir_v a_o slender_a and_o level_a ground_n subject_n to_o water_n shall_v be_v first_o plough_v in_o the_o end_n of_o august_n and_o stir_v again_o in_o september_n and_o prepare_v for_o sow_v about_o the_o twelve_o of_o march._n the_o light_a hilly_a ground_n be_v not_o to_o be_v break_v up_o in_o summer_n but_o about_o the_o middle_n of_o september_n for_o if_o it_o be_v break_v up_o before_o be_v barren_a and_o without_o juice_n it_o may_v be_v burn_v up_o with_o the_o sun_n and_o have_v no_o goodness_n remain_v in_o it_o wet_a ground_n some_o will_v have_v to_o be_v break_v up_o after_o the_o ides_n or_o beginning_n of_o april_n which_o be_v plough_v that_o time_n shall_v be_v stir_v about_o the_o ten_o of_o june_n and_o after_o again_o but_o those_o that_o be_v skilful_a in_o husbandry_n agree_v that_o in_o the_o ten_o of_o june_n without_o great_a store_n of_o rain_n you_o shall_v not_o plough_v for_o if_o the_o year_n be_v wet_a i_o know_v nothing_o to_o the_o contrary_a but_o that_o you_o may_v plough_v in_o july_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n be_v very_o careful_a that_o you_o meddle_v not_o with_o ground_n that_o be_v over-wet_a chap._n v._n of_o liming_n sanding_n and_o hack_v land_n to_o make_v it_o fruitful_a there_o be_v other_o consideration_n relate_v to_o the_o well_o order_v of_o ground_n than_o what_o i_o have_v already_o touch_v on_o to_o clear_v and_o prepare_v they_o for_o corn_n grass_n pulse_n or_o other_o thing_n useful_a and_o exceed_o profitable_a if_o the_o ground_n be_v barren_a cold_a or_o produce_v weed_n or_o rush_n to_o help_v it_o and_o bring_v it_o to_o a_o moderate_a temper_n of_o improvement_n for_o fruitfulness_n lime_n be_v exceed_o good_a the_o lime-stone_n may_v be_v get_v among_o quarry_n of_o stone_n and_o in_o divers_a other_o place_n you_o may_v burn_v they_o in_o a_o kiln_n in_o the_o most_o convenient_a place_n you_o have_v to_o save_v charge_n of_o carriage_n and_o when_o you_o have_v before_o sand_v your_o ground_n and_o hack_v it_o make_v your_o lime_n small_a and_o on_o every_o acre_n bestow_v between_o thirty_o and_o forty_o bushel_n of_o lime_n spread_v and_o mix_v it_o exceed_v well_o with_o the_o sand_n and_o earth_n and_o the_o strong_a and_o sharp_a the_o lime_n be_v the_o better_a the_o earth_n will_v be_v and_o the_o improvement_n will_v answer_v your_o cost_n and_o labour_n it_o matter_n not_o of_o what_o colour_n your_o lime-stone_n be_v whether_o of_o a_o pure_a white_a or_o of_o a_o grey_a so_o they_o be_v sharp_a and_o strong_a in_o quality_n to_o give_v a_o good_a tincture_n to_o the_o earth_n it_o be_v the_o strength_n and_o goodness_n of_o the_o lime_n not_o the_o beauty_n that_o in_o this_o kind_n bring_v forth_o the_o profit_n and_o indeed_o it_o be_v a_o great_a helper_n to_o cold_a ground_n especial_o clay_n or_o wet_a ground_n and_o this_o be_v a_o great_a preparer_n to_o lay_v dung_n on_o these_o land_n or_o any_o soil_n that_o be_v fatten_v either_o of_o cattle_n or_o such_o as_o be_v cast_v out_o of_o pond_n lake_n or_o muddy_a ditch_n for_o barren_a and_o hard_a earth_n can_v never_o be_v overlay_v with_o good_a manure_n or_o compost_n see_v the_o want_n of_o warmth_n and_o fatness_n which_o these_o produce_v be_v before_o the_o occasion_n of_o the_o unfruitfulness_n as_o for_o the_o hacking_n and_o sand_v mention_v the_o first_o be_v after_o the_o ground_n have_v be_v turn_v up_o with_o the_o plough_n to_o go_v over_o it_o with_o a_o long_a hoe_n or_o hack_n and_o cut_v in_o piece_n the_o grass_n that_o you_o see_v turn_v up_o in_o the_o ridge_n or_o furrow_n or_o any_o uneven_a clumper_n that_o it_o may_v be_v drag_v away_o burn_v or_o carry_v together_o with_o the_o weed_n not_o to_o grow_v up_o again_o to_o encumber_v the_o corn_n or_o pulse_n and_o sand_v be_v to_o bring_v load_v of_o sand_n lay_v they_o in_o convenient_a place_n as_o heap_n of_o dung_n and_o spread_v they_o light_o or_o thick_a as_o you_o see_v occasion_n over_o the_o ground_n that_o the_o lime_n mix_v with_o it_o may_v the_o better_a embody_n with_o the_o mould_n and_o rain_v fall_v be_v soak_v in_o a_o good_a depth_n to_o the_o hearten_v the_o ground_n and_o produce_v a_o good_a crop_n to_o encourage_v the_o industrious_a farmer_n chap._n vi_o of_o the_o first_o and_o second_o plough_v and_o of_o harrow_n as_o to_o the_o first_o manner_n of_o plough_v of_o ground_n that_o be_v barren_a for_o the_o improvement_n of_o it_o if_o it_o lie_v free_a from_o water_n as_o common_o all_o even_a barren_a earth_n do_v then_o throw_v down_o the_o furrow_n flat_a and_o between_o every_o of_o they_o leave_v a_o little_a balk_v about_o half_a the_o breadth_n of_o the_o furrow_n and_o so_o go_v through_o and_o plough_v up_o the_o whole_a without_o any_o regard_n to_o difference_n or_o distinction_n of_o land_n but_o if_o there_o be_v danger_n of_o annoyance_n of_o water_n lay_v the_o furrow_n more_o near_a and_o high_a divide_v the_o ground_n into_o several_a land_n proportion_v each_o of_o they_o to_o lie_v high_a in_o the_o middle_n that_o the_o water_n descend_v may_v have_v free_a passage_n on_o either_o side_n and_o when_o you_o have_v hack_v sand_v and_o lime_v it_o as_o before_z direct_v come_v to_o your_o second_o plough_v in_o the_o second_o plough_v penetrate_v the_o ground_n deep_o than_o at_o first_o taking_z as_o the_o husbandman_n call_v it_o a_o good_a stitch_n to_o raise_v up_o earth_n at_o the_o quick_a which_o before_o be_v not_o stir_v make_v your_o furrow_n deep_a and_o great_a lay_v they_o close_o and_o round_a together_o and_o in_o this_o order_n or_o latter_a ear-ring_n be_v sedulous_a to_o plough_v it_o as_o clean_o as_o may_v be_v leave_v no_o baulks_n or_o any_o escape_n and_o as_o you_o plough_v have_v those_o that_o shall_v follow_v to_o run_v it_o over_o with_o a_o second_o hack_v that_o be_v with_o a_o heavy_a share_n ho_o or_o hack_n to_o clear_v or_o kill_v the_o grass_n and_o weed_n as_o also_o to_o lay_v it_o level_n this_o do_v take_v a_o pair_n of_o strong_a iron-teethed_n harrow_n and_o go_v over_o the_o ground_n to_o open_v and_o tear_v that_o which_o be_v plough_v and_o hack_v into_o small_a particle_n and_o raise_v the_o mould_n light_o in_o great_a abundance_n then_o take_v the_o best_a sort_n of_o that_o grain_n you_o think_v fit_a to_o sow_v in_o it_o and_o scatter_v it_o according_a to_o the_o art_n of_o good_a husbandry_n suffer_v your_o sprinkle_v to_o be_v a_o medium_fw-la not_o too_o much_o nor_o too_o little_a the_o seed_n be_v sprinkle_v on_o the_o ground_n make_v your_o second_o harrow_n to_o cover_v it_o close_o and_o well_o be_v careful_a to_o break_v all_o the_o clots_n as_o near_o as_o possible_a raise_v the_o mould_n as_o fine_a and_o high_a as_o may_v be_v that_o it_o may_v cover_v the_o seed_n the_o deep_a and_o prevent_v the_o rain_n wash_v it_o up_o or_o the_o bird_n and_o other_o vermin_n from_o destroy_v it_o for_o certain_a it_o be_v that_o these_o cold_a clayey_a or_o barren_a ground_n if_o not_o light_o raise_v keep_v in_o and_o clog_v the_o seed_n which_o by_o reason_n of_o its_o roughness_n can_v easy_o break_v through_o or_o if_o it_o do_v the_o cold_a at_o the_o root_n starve_v the_o spire_n and_o they_o most_o wither_v away_o if_o not_o help_v by_o proper_a mean_n and_o artful_a labour_n as_o for_o clot_v the_o earth_n it_o be_v very_o proper_a in_o many_o case_n for_o when_o you_o have_v sow_v and_o harrow_v the_o ground_n if_o notwithstanding_o some_o hard_a clumper_n
mix_v with_o other_o sand_n or_o fine_a fat_a earth_n well_o sift_v from_o stone_n and_o rubbish_n then_o manure_v it_o with_o such_o dung_n as_o you_o have_v that_o may_v be_v proper_a to_o it_o to_o give_v it_o a_o fertilize_a heat_n as_o that_o of_o the_o horse_n ox_n or_o kine_n rot_a straw_n mud_n out_o of_o ditch_n or_o pond_n that_o be_v fat_a and_o slimy_a the_o sweep_a of_o the_o house_n flower_n mill_n barn_n yard_n where_o cattle_n trample_v much_o and_o if_o you_o be_v near_o the_o sea_n there_o be_v a_o excellent_a weed_n call_v hemp-weed_n bear_v broad_a leave_n black_a with_o great_a head_n and_o twist_v like_o peas-straw_n grow_v in_o great_a abundance_n among_o the_o sea-sedge_n on_o many_o coast_n with_o this_o when_o get_v you_o may_v strew_v over_o your_o ground_n already_o plough_v and_o plough_v it_o in_o with_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o manure_n and_o by_o rot_v there_o it_o will_v add_v heat_n and_o strength_n to_o the_o land_n let_v this_o plough_v be_v deep_a than_o the_o first_o with_o large_a furrow_n that_o the_o new_a quick_a earth_n so_o raise_v up_o may_v mingle_v with_o the_o manure_n hack_v and_o harrow_v it_o again_o then_o take_v pigeon_n and_o land-poultries_a dung_n for_o that_o of_o waterfowl_n be_v naught_o and_o sprinkle_v over_o it_o allow_v if_o you_o have_v it_o two_o or_o three_o bushel_n to_o a_o acree_n scatter_v it_o in_o as_o equal_v a_o proportion_n as_o you_o can_v then_o sow_v your_o wheat_n or_o other_o corn_n and_o for_o this_o sort_n of_o ground_n at_o first_o wheat_n be_v the_o most_o thrive_a though_o it_o will_v bear_v other_o sort_n of_o grain_n and_o with_o care_n of_o a_o very_a barren_a and_o useless_a ground_n become_v useful_a and_o very_a advantageous_a to_o the_o owner_n it_o must_v likewise_o be_v clot_v and_o slate_v and_o if_o you_o want_v salt-sand_n or_o salt_n steep_v your_o wheat_n in_o brine_n of_o any_o salt_n and_o it_o will_v produce_v a_o good_a crop_n you_o must_v take_v care_n to_o weed_n it_o and_o gather_v the_o stone_n before_o that_o will_v obstruct_v the_o corn_n from_o rise_v and_o carry_v they_o into_o the_o road_n or_o dry_a ditch_n or_o some_o pit_n proper_a for_o they_o for_o these_o ground_n be_v general_o great_a producer_n of_o stone_n if_o weed_n which_o common_o breed_v in_o wet_a barren_a ground_n grow_v up_o to_o the_o hindrance_n of_o seed_v it_o or_o that_o you_o will_v be_v at_o the_o labour_n and_o cost_n to_o bring_v it_o to_o fruitful_a arable_a ground_n pluck_v they_o all_o up_o with_o your_o hand_n or_o nipper_n of_o wood_n with_o saw-teeth_n shoot_v one_o into_o another_o to_o hold_v they_o the_o fast_o lay_v they_o on_o heap_n dry_v they_o and_o burn_v they_o then_o scatter_v the_o ash_n on_o the_o land_n as_o before_o direct_v plough_v the_o ground_n but_o not_o so_o deep_a as_o the_o first_o yet_o turn_v up_o the_o furrow_n as_o deep_a as_o possible_a you_o can_v and_o if_o it_o lie_v subject_a to_o overflowing_n make_v cross_a furrow_n and_o drain_v into_o ditch_n or_o river_n or_o low_a place_n that_o the_o water_n may_v descend_v and_o be_v carry_v off_o as_o much_o as_o may_v be_v if_o there_o be_v no_o current_n make_v a_o pond_n at_o the_o low_a end_n of_o it_o which_o may_v receive_v the_o water_n but_o this_o will_v do_v but_o little_a if_o it_o be_v much_o subject_n to_o water-flowing_n or_o marish_a spring_n and_o therefore_o if_o you_o will_v use_v it_o for_o corn-land_n you_o must_v find_v a_o way_n to_o carry_v off_o the_o water_n or_o it_o will_v not_o avail_v your_o labour_n and_o cost_n in_o manure_v direction_n for_o which_o i_o shall_v have_v occasion_n to_o treat_v of_o hereafter_o at_o large_a as_o for_o the_o manure_a it_o must_v be_v as_o the_o former_a and_o so_o all_o the_o particular_n in_o management_n only_o you_o must_v at_o the_o second_o plough_v do_v it_o very_o deep_a to_o hollow_a the_o ground_n that_o the_o water_n may_v the_o better_o soak_v away_o and_o lay_v the_o land_n in_o ridge_n as_o high_a as_o you_o can_v and_o the_o furrow_n as_o deep_a chap._n ix_o to_o improve_v barren_a clay_n simple_n or_o compound_v overrun_v with_o whinne_n with_o the_o particular_a order_v of_o it_o there_o be_v another_o barren_a clay_n no_o matter_n which_o either_o simple_a or_o compound_v that_o be_v pester_v and_o overrun_v with_o whinne_n a_o short_a bushy_a knotty_a prickly_a thing_n not_o grow_v above_o a_o handful_n from_o the_o ground_n yet_o entangle_v in_o one_o another_o and_o spread_v so_o fast_o that_o they_o choke_v the_o grass_n and_o obstruct_v the_o cattle_n from_o feed_v and_o the_o grass_n keep_v thus_o down_o will_v most_o die_v and_o a_o mossy_a scurf_n cover_v the_o surface_n of_o the_o earth_n yet_o for_o this_o dangerous_a encumbrance_n there_o be_v a_o remedy_n and_o this_o ground_n i_o shall_v instruct_v the_o honest_a farmer_n how_o to_o bring_v to_o bear_v a_o good_a crop_n to_o begin_v this_o work_n worthy_a your_o cost_n and_o labour_n take_v a_o fine_a thin_a paring-shovel_n make_v of_o good_a tough_a iron_n and_o well_o steel_a and_o harden_v round_o about_o the_o edge_n and_o with_o it_o pare_v up_o the_o upper_a swarth_a of_o the_o ground_n about_o a_o inch_n and_o a_o half_a or_o two_o inch_n deep_a turn_v up_o every_o pare_n about_o three_o foot_n in_o length_n and_o as_o broad_a as_o the_o shovel_n will_v convenient_o do_v it_o turn_v the_o whinne_n or_o grassy_a side_n downward_o and_o let_v it_o lie_v in_o the_o sun_n two_o or_o three_o day_n to_o dry_a may_v for_o this_o undertake_n be_v the_o proper_a month_n and_o be_v well_o dry_v on_o the_o earthy_a side_n turn_v it_o and_o let_v that_o well_o dry_a then_o gather_v it_o into_o heap_n and_o twist_v it_o as_o it_o be_v into_o band_n or_o cord_n and_o lay_v it_o up_o round_o and_o hollow_a that_o fire_n be_v put_v under_o the_o hollowness_n may_v easy_o come_v at_o it_o to_o consume_v it_o thrust_v in_o to_o the_o great_a cavity_n which_o must_v be_v like_o a_o oven_n but_o much_o less_o combustible_a dry_a matter_n for_o that_o purpose_n when_o these_o heap_n be_v burn_v break_v they_o as_o bail_v with_o shovel_n and_o beetle_n so_o that_o the_o earth_n may_v mix_v with_o the_o ash_n then_o spread_v they_o on_o the_o ground_n to_o a_o equal_a thickness_n whilst_o they_o be_v hot_a and_o glow_a which_o will_v heat_v the_o earth_n and_o destroy_v the_o fibre_n of_o the_o root_n that_o remain_v either_o of_o the_o whinne_n or_o weed_n this_o be_v do_v plough_v up_o the_o ground_n in_o good_a long_a furrow_n hack_v it_o small_a with_o hacking-hoes_a manure_v it_o and_o further_a order_n in_o all_o particular_n as_o in_o the_o forego_n direction_n for_o goss_n fur_n etc._n etc._n let_v the_o last_o plough_v be_v very_o deep_a especial_o your_o furrow_n and_o let_v your_o harrow_n have_v weight_n on_o they_o to_o press_v the_o hard_a on_o the_o ground_n and_o turn_v up_o the_o remain_a root_n of_o the_o whinne_n which_o be_v drag_v off_o dry_a and_o burn_v as_o the_o former_a scatter_v the_o ash_n on_o the_o land_n and_o if_o the_o harrow_n will_v not_o carry_v they_o to_o the_o land_n end_n have_v some_o boy_n or_o girl_n to_o follow_v the_o motion_n of_o it_o and_o pick_v they_o up_o as_o they_o scatter_v lay_v they_o on_o heap_n in_o the_o furrow_n and_o when_o dry_a bring_v they_o on_o the_o ridge_n of_o the_o land_n and_o burn_v they_o then_o sow_v your_o corn_n mix_v with_o salt_n and_o wood-ash_n and_o this_o ground_n thus_o prepare_v will_v bear_v good_a wheat_n in_o abundance_n in_o the_o space_n of_o two_o or_o three_o year_n then_o sow_v barley_n and_o pease_n and_o bean_n a_o year_n after_o the_o oat_n and_o last_o it_o will_v be_v very_o good_a meadow-ground_n or_o pasture_n for_o the_o space_n of_o three_o or_o four_o year_n after_o and_o then_o you_o must_v manure_v it_o again_o with_o a_o sufficient_a quantity_n of_o soil_n and_o it_o will_v continue_v good_a ground_n chap._n x._o to_o dress_v and_o manure_v all_o barren_a clay_n simple_n or_o compound_v encumber_v or_o overgrow_v with_o heath_n or_o ling._n to_o bring_v this_o sort_n of_o ground_n to_o bear_v tolerable_a corn_n or_o grass_n far_o exceed_v the_o charge_n and_o what_o it_o will_v other_o way_n do_v without_o it_o you_o must_v with_o scitche_n or_o sharp_a hook_n but_o old_a scythes_n be_v the_o best_a cut_v down_o all_o the_o heath_n or_o ling_n as_o close_o as_o you_o can_v about_o the_o begin_n of_o may_n and_o let_v it_o lie_v on_o the_o ground_n to_o dry_v then_o spread_v it_o over_o the_o ground_n and_o scatter_v dry_a straw_n on_o it_o and_o by_o set_v it_o on_o fire_n at_o the_o several_a corner_n of_o
and_o the_o pole_n that_o support_v they_o only_o then_o if_o the_o conveniency_n of_o get_v it_o admit_v take_v dry_v fern_n and_o spread_v it_o in_o the_o alley_n of_o a_o pretty_a thickness_n so_o that_o rot_v in_o the_o winter_n it_o will_v much_o comfort_v the_o hill_n and_o be_v good_a manure_n against_o the_o spring_n which_o be_v then_o cast_v about_o they_o will_v very_o much_o strengthen_v they_o and_o make_v the_o plant_n prosper_v the_o hill_n be_v thus_o manure_v and_o cast_v up_o open_v they_o at_o the_o top_n with_o a_o setting-staff_n crumble_v good_a mould_n in_o to_o lie_v loose_a at_o the_o bottom_n and_o then_o put_v in_o the_o best_a hop-plant_n you_o can_v get_v in_o every_o hill_n at_o the_o least_o four_o be_v well_o prepare_v put_v they_o deep_a in_o the_o earth_n and_o cover_v they_o all_o over_o at_o least_o four_o finger_n thick_a and_o if_o the_o earth_n you_o cover_v they_o withal_o be_v mix_v with_o ox-blood_n and_o a_o little_a slack_v lime_n it_o will_v not_o only_o give_v much_o comfort_n to_o they_o but_o preserve_v the_o root_n from_o worm_n and_o other_o virmin_n your_o hopground_n be_v thus_o fit_v and_o plant_v in_o the_o month_n october_n which_o i_o account_v the_o best_a season_n let_v it_o rest_v till_o april_n and_o when_o the_o vine_n of_o your_o hop_n come_v out_o of_o the_o ground_n to_o a_o pretty_a length_n then_o set_v up_o your_o pole_n long_o and_o straight_o of_o any_o convenient_a wholesome_a wood_n and_o in_o do_v it_o observe_v that_o in_o put_v they_o into_o the_o ground_n and_o fasten_v they_o you_o do_v not_o hurt_v the_o root_n of_o the_o hop_n aâ—d_v when_o they_o be_v put_v into_o a_o depth_n that_o they_o may_v stand_v firm_a ram_v the_o earth_n hard_o about_o they_o and_o in_o the_o next_o place_n observe_v they_o be_v plant_v at_o that_o distance_n that_o the_o sun_n beam_n may_v easy_o come_v in_o between_o they_o and_o there_o be_v no_o overshadow_v this_o by_o a_o little_a practice_n may_v be_v perfect_v and_o turn_v to_o great_a advantage_n as_o for_o the_o number_n of_o pole_n to_o be_v place_v on_o every_o hill_n they_o must_v be_v answerable_a to_o the_o vine_n that_o spring_v up_o and_o you_o must_v twine_v the_o tendrill_n about_o they_o so_o that_o grow_v up_o they_o may_v of_o themselves_o wind_n and_o take_v fast_o hold_v not_o leave_v any_o to_o creep_v on_o the_o ground_n for_o they_o turn_v to_o no_o advantage_n as_o for_o weed_n hop-ground_n thus_o manure_v there_o be_v little_a occasion_n for_o it_o by_o reason_n the_o manure_n will_v destroy_v the_o weed_n but_o if_o in_o despite_n of_o this_o any_o sprout_n to_o annoy_v the_o tender_a stion_n you_o must_v cut_v they_o or_o pull_v they_o up_o by_o the_o root_n as_o in_o other_o weeding_n and_o with_o this_o care_n barren_a ground_n will_v yield_v a_o vast_a advantage_n however_o before_o i_o end_v this_o subject_a it_o will_v be_v proper_a to_o tell_v you_o how_o to_o preserve_v they_o from_o vermin_n as_o well_o when_o they_o be_v grow_v up_o also_o chap._n xxxvi_o how_o to_o order_v hop-vine_n gather_v and_o dry_v the_o hop_n after_o the_o best_a manner_n etc._n etc._n if_o when_o the_o vine_n rise_v on_o the_o pole_n any_o of_o they_o happen_v to_o break_v loose_a you_o must_v twist_v they_o again_o towards_o the_o sunrising_n as_o much_o as_o may_v be_v and_o those_o that_o mount_v above_o the_o pole_n be_v account_v for_o the_o best_a and_o if_o you_o perceive_v the_o fly_n or_o any_o other_o infect_v to_o bite_v and_o afflict_v they_o sprinkle_v the_o vine_n with_o water_n wherein_o wormwood_n have_v be_v well_o boil_v and_o it_o will_v preserve_v they_o in_o excessive_a hot_a weather_n water_n the_o hill_n about_o sunset_n and_o continue_v it_o if_o no_o rain_n fall_v till_o they_o blow_v which_o will_v be_v about_o st._n margaret_n day_n and_o at_o lamas-tide_n they_o bell._n when_o you_o observe_v they_o to_o turn_v colour_n some_o soon_o than_o the_o other_o pull_v they_o though_o they_o be_v not_o ripe_a lest_o they_o shed_v and_o come_v to_o nothing_o as_o have_v meet_v with_o some_o blast_n or_o other_o defect_n but_o when_o they_o natural_o do_v so_o and_o in_o a_o full_a season_n be_v ready_a to_o pull_v make_v a_o plain_a place_n in_o your_o hopground_n as_o near_o to_o the_o hill_n as_o conveniency_n will_v permit_v than_o cut_v the_o vine_n close_o to_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o pole_n bring_v they_o away_o pole_n and_o all_o by_o cut_v of_o the_o entanglement_n one_o with_o another_o with_o a_o hook_a knife_n at_o the_o end_n of_o a_o long_a pole_n and_o lay_v they_o down_o in_o order_n for_o those_o that_o be_v to_o gather_v they_o to_o pick_v off_o the_o bell_n which_o must_v be_v do_v with_o much_o celerity_n not_o suffer_v they_o to_o stay_v long_o unpul_v either_o in_o rain_n or_o sun_n shine_v during_o the_o gather_n prepare_v your_o kiln_n heat_v with_o straw_n or_o small_a dry_a wood_n and_o spread_v they_o on_o it_o in_o such_o good_a or_o ler_n that_o they_o may_v easy_o dry_v which_o you_o may_v know_v by_o their_o bitterness_n or_o crumble_a between_o your_o hand_n however_o never_o permit_v they_o to_o continue_v on_o the_o kiln_n more_o than_o twelve_o hour_n and_o keep_v hot_a your_o kiln_n night_n and_o day_n till_o your_o whole_a gather_n be_v dry_v and_o take_v they_o thence_o let_v they_o lie_v on_o a_o floor_n a_o day_n or_o two_o to_o give_v before_o they_o be_v sack_v or_o bag_v up_o or_o else_o they_o will_v shed_v their_o seed_n wherein_o the_o great_a virtue_n lie_v and_o also_o the_o leave_n be_v apt_a to_o crumble_v and_o break_v off_o the_o vine_n be_v cut_v away_o bare_a and_o the_o root_n to_o the_o middle_n lay_v open_a shake_v a_o little_a mould_n mix_v with_o horse-dung_n and_o let_v they_o continue_v so_o all_o the_o winter_n and_o in_o so_o order_v a_o acre_n in_o a_o year_n that_o hit_v which_o be_v certain_o every_o three_o will_v yield_v 1200_o weight_n of_o hops_n and_o treble_v the_o charge_n you_o be_v at_o chap._n xxxvii_o flax_n and_o hemp_n good_a improver_n of_o land_n how_o to_o manure_v the_o ground_n for_o they_o sow_n and_o order_v they_o there_o be_v great_a improvement_n to_o be_v make_v on_o barren_a land_n by_o manure_v it_o proper_a for_o the_o well-growing_a of_o flax_n and_o hemp_n commodity_n so_o useful_a and_o very_a profitable_a to_o this_o nation_n and_o for_o these_o you_o must_v however_o choose_v proper_a ground_n for_o there_o be_v two_o sort_n that_o natural_o refuse_v to_o bear_v these_o viz._n the_o rich_a stiff_a black_a tough_a and_o solid_a fast_a mould_n who_o extraordinary_a fertility_n give_v such_o a_o overplus_n of_o surcharge_n to_o the_o seed_n increase_v that_o either_o through_o rankness_n it_o run_v all_o into_o bun_n and_o have_v little_a or_o no_o rind_n or_o else_o the_o seed_n be_v tender_a the_o sod_a and_o heaviness_n of_o the_o mould_n bury_v it_o that_o it_o labour_v in_o vain_a to_o get_v out_o the_o other_o opposite_a to_o it_o be_v the_o most_o extreme_a barren_a ground_n which_o will_v not_o bear_v this_o nor_o any_o good_a seed_n and_o of_o these_o i_o propose_v to_o treat_v for_o such_o as_o will_v natural_o bear_v they_o i_o need_v not_o spend_v time_n upon_o as_o for_o the_o first_o of_o these_o then_o though_o it_o be_v very_o good_a for_o corn_n yet_o for_o hemp_n and_o flax_n it_o must_v be_v reduce_v and_o to_o begin_v to_o do_v it_o plough_v it_o up_o with_o a_o strong_a plough_n fit_a for_o such_o ground_n and_o about_o the_o middle_n of_o may_n if_o the_o weather_n be_v seasonable_a and_o the_o ground_n not_o too_o hard_a sow_v the_o seed_n if_o it_o be_v hard_a you_o must_v wait_v for_o some_o gentle_a shower_n so_o that_o the_o earth_n be_v mollify_v then_o hack_v it_o after_o plough_v and_o break_v the_o clod_n in_o small_a piece_n then_o if_o you_o can_v get_v any_o salt_n sea-sand_n sand_n it_o plentiful_o over_o but_o for_o want_v of_o that_o sand_n it_o with_o the_o best_a red_a sand_n you_o can_v get_v and_o upon_o every_o acre_n so_o sand_v sow_v three_o bushel_n of_o bay-salt_n then_o plough_v it_o again_o to_o mix_v well_o the_o sand_n and_o salt_n together_o and_o this_o last_o plough_v be_v proper_a a_o little_a after_o michaelmas_n and_o then_o let_v it_o rest_v till_o seedtime_n and_o then_o plough_v and_o hack_v over_o the_o ground_n sow_v it_o either_o with_o hemp_n or_o flax_n as_o you_o think_v be_v most_o for_o your_o advantage_n harrow_v it_o well_o into_o a_o fine_a mould_n and_o clot_n it_o with_o a_o clotting-beetle_n then_o after_o the_o fall_n of_o the_o first_o great_a shower_n run_v it_o over_o with_o the_o back_n of_o your_o harrow_n
thrive_v better_a upon_o land_n that_o be_v moderate_o manure_v with_o dung_n marle_n or_o chalk_n and_o when_o it_o have_v grow_v seven_o year_n the_o root_n so_o spread_v that_o be_v plough_v in_o it_o become_v excellent_a manure_n to_o prepare_v the_o land_n for_o corn._n the_o seed_n of_o it_o be_v most_o like_o a_o parsnip-seed_n only_o a_o little_a brown_a round_a and_o full_a you_o must_v by_o reason_n it_o be_v big_a sow_v more_o in_o quantity_n than_o that_o of_o claver_fw-la for_o the_o small_a the_o seed_n be_v the_o further_a it_o spread_v in_o the_o ground_n so_o that_o a_o pound_n and_o a_o half_a of_o this_o or_o somewhat_o more_o will_v go_v no_o further_o than_o a_o pound_n of_o the_o other_o for_o the_o thick_a and_o close_o it_o grow_v the_o better_a it_o stock_n the_o ground_n the_o manner_n of_o sow_v it_o may_v be_v with_o barley_n or_o oat_n and_o be_v mow_v with_o they_o may_v be_v use_v as_o good_a feed_n but_o the_o separate_n i_o hold_v the_o best_a it_o may_v the_o first_o sow_v be_v mow_v the_o latter_a end_n of_o the_o year_n and_o so_o preserve_v for_o a_o good_a crop_n five_o or_o six_o year_n after_o and_o then_o the_o spirit_n decay_v the_o common_a grass_n will_v overcome_v it_o and_o by_o that_o time_n it_o have_v prepare_v the_o earth_n fit_a for_o corn_n again_o there_o be_v also_o another_o grass_n by_o the_o french_a call_v the_o la-lucein_a which_o be_v exceed_o good_a fodder_n and_o this_o will_v well_o grow_v on_o dry_a and_o barren_a land_n but_o this_o be_v not_o very_o common_a nor_o have_v any_o considerable_a improvement_n be_v make_v of_o it_o in_o this_o kingdom_n however_o it_o may_v be_v proper_a for_o barren_a land_n of_o little_a value_n for_o any_o thing_n else_o and_o a_o experiment_n will_v not_o be_v amiss_o to_o improve_v it_o for_o by_o industry_n through_o the_o blessing_n of_o god_n all_o the_o improvement_n we_o have_v have_v be_v bring_v to_o pass_v to_o the_o enrich_n and_o plentiful_o feed_v the_o nation_n whilst_o sloth_n will_v have_v bring_v poverty_n and_o want_n chap._n xlii_o improvement_n of_o land_n by_o sow_v and_o well-ordering_a turnip_n turnip_n be_v a_o great_a improvement_n of_o land_n for_o beside_o the_o advantage_n they_o yield_v in_o sell_v for_o the_o kitchen_n and_o the_o feed_a cattle_n and_o swine_n the_o root_n and_o leave_n may_v be_v bring_v to_o rot_v on_o the_o ground_n and_o become_v good_a manure_n beside_o they_o hinder_v not_o the_o first_o crop_n especial_o of_o pease_n bean_n or_o barley_n but_o be_v sow_o when_o they_o be_v take_v off_o grow_v and_o flourish_v in_o the_o winter_n and_o be_v proper_o draw_v defore_o barley_n or_o oat_n seedtime_n though_o you_o may_v sow_v two_o crop_n the_o early_a and_o the_o latter_a the_o seed_n be_v small_a may_v for_o the_o better_a and_o more_o even_o spread_v of_o it_o be_v mix_v with_o fine_a mould_n or_o to_o prevent_v the_o bug_n or_o worm_n eat_v it_o in_o the_o ground_n with_o wood-ash_n they_o require_v if_o the_o ground_n have_v be_v well_o break_v up_o but_o a_o light_n plough_v but_o to_o be_v well_o harrow_v that_o the_o bird_n destroy_v not_o the_o seed_n which_o if_o you_o perceive_v to_o have_v be_v do_v by_o the_o barrenness_n of_o one_o place_n more_o than_o another_o when_o they_o come_v up_o you_o may_v sow_v that_o again_o and_o there_o will_v be_v little_a difference_n in_o their_o come_n to_o perfection_n they_o delight_v in_o and_o prosper_v best_a in_o a_o mellow_a ground_n or_o a_o mixture_n of_o sand_n and_o clay_n a_o black_a mould_n be_v exceed_o good_a to_o produce_v they_o for_o if_o the_o ground_n be_v hard_a their_o root_n will_v not_o spread_v or_o come_v to_o their_o full_a natural_a perfection_n of_o these_o very_a useful_a root_n there_o be_v two_o sort_n both_o of_o one_o kind_n that_o be_v the_o round_a or_o bulbous_a and_o the_o long_a parsnip_n turnip_n but_o the_o first_o be_v the_o most_o numerous_a and_o usual_a sow_o in_o field_n when_o you_o have_v sow_v and_o harrow_v the_o seed_n lay_v the_o land_n as_o even_o and_o level_a as_o may_v be_v go_v over_o it_o with_o a_o rowler_n of_o weighty_a wood_n to_o press_v it_o in_o and_o break_v the_o remain_a clod_n that_o the_o grow_a seed_n may_v the_o easy_o put_v through_o it_o and_o when_o they_o be_v pretty_a well_o come_v up_o and_o the_o leaf_n begin_v to_o spread_v they_o must_v be_v diligent_o hoe_v over_o and_o the_o underling_n cull_v out_o by_o cut_v they_o off_o even_o with_o the_o ground_n or_o somewhat_o low_o that_o the_o principal_a plant_n may_v receive_v the_o sun_n and_o air_n more_o free_a and_o thrive_v the_o better_a and_o when_o they_o be_v grow_v large_a if_o they_o appear_v too_o thick_a they_o must_v have_v a_o second_o hoe_z and_o then_o the_o top_n will_v spring_v up_o amain_o and_o the_o root_n have_v more_o earth_n to_o spread_v in_o if_o you_o find_v a_o black_a sort_n of_o a_o caterpillar_n to_o light_v on_o they_o when_o they_o come_v up_o first_o green_a or_o grow_v a_o little_a height_n which_o poison_n and_o eat_v up_o their_o leaf_n by_o that_o mean_n hinder_v their_o growth_n if_o you_o can_v flow_v they_o for_o a_o time_n with_o water_n to_o drown_v these_o infect_v go_v over_o they_o with_o a_o great_a heavy_a wooden_a rowler_n take_v care_n that_o the_o horse_n with_o his_o foot_n spoil_v as_o few_o as_o may_v be_v and_o the_o weight_n of_o this_o rowler_n bear_v the_o top_n hard_a to_o the_o ground_n will_v crush_v the_o infect_v to_o death_n and_o if_o this_o be_v do_v in_o a_o dry_a time_n when_o they_o be_v in_o this_o manner_n most_o infect_v the_o top_n with_o the_o heat_n of_o the_o sun_n and_o a_o little_a sprinkle_n of_o rain_n will_v rise_v again_o and_o flourish_v more_o than_o ever_o to_o preserve_v the_o best_a seed_n for_o the_o next_o year_n be_v sow_v take_v a_o considerable_a number_n of_o the_o fair_a and_o large_a turnip_n free_a from_o worm-eaten_a stringyness_n rough-rind_n or_o wart_n and_o transplant_v they_o to_o a_o good_a soil_n when_o they_o be_v grow_v to_o seed_n co_fw-la ere_v they_o pretty_a high_a with_o earth_n that_o be_v about_o four_o inch_n above_o the_o root_n set_v they_o a_o foot_n and_o a_o half_a distance_n and_o water_v they_o a_o little_a if_o the_o wether_n be_v very_o dry_a and_o so_o let_v they_o run_v to_o seed_n then_o cut_v of_o the_o stalk_n when_o the_o seed_n loosen_v and_o begin_v to_o tussle_v in_o the_o pod_n and_o have_v well_o dry_v they_o in_o the_o sun_n put_v they_o into_o a_o large_a hopsack_n and_o by_o beat_v they_o with_o staff_n that_o the_o seed_n will_v come_v out_o which_o you_o may_v sift_v or_o winnow_v from_o the_o husk_n and_o lay_v it_o up_o in_o a_o moderate_a dry_a place_n for_o your_o next_o year_n use_n sow_v it_o as_o before_o and_o order_v in_o all_o particular_n where_o require_v as_o direct_v and_o you_o will_v have_v winter-stores_a for_o yourself_o plenty_n for_o your_o cattle_n and_o the_o like_a for_o the_o market_n if_o you_o live_v near_o any_o good_a town_n this_o be_v a_o very_a wholesome_a moist_a cool_a and_o nourish_a root_n good_a against_o fever_n and_o all_o hot_a disease_n allay_v the_o acrimony_n of_o the_o blood_n chap._n xliii_o improvement_n of_o land_n by_o sow_v of_o carrot_n and_o how_o to_o well_o order_n they_o etc._n etc._n carrot_n be_v very_o wholesome_a nourish_a root_n and_o by_o they_o land_n may_v be_v well_o improve_v but_o in_o every_o soil_n they_o will_v not_o prosper_v as_o most_o delight_v in_o warm_a sandy-ground_n mix_v with_o a_o moderate_a fruitful_a light_a mould_n and_o if_o you_o sow_v they_o in_o any_o other_o it_o must_v be_v well_o stir_v and_o manure_v but_o where_o you_o find_v a_o natural_a light_n and_o warm_a ground_n if_o it_o be_v but_o indifferent_o fertile_a they_o will_v however_o thrive_v therein_o you_o may_v sow_v they_o in_o interval_n between_o bean_n or_o pease_n lay_v in_o furrow_n and_o so_o reap_v two_o advantage_n with_o a_o little_a more_o labour_n and_o cost_n the_o one_o not_o hinder_v the_o other_o for_o as_o much_o as_o the_o carrot_n be_v ready_a to_o draw_v the_o other_o will_v be_v take_v off_o the_o ground_n and_o though_o in_o do_v it_o some_o of_o the_o top_n may_v be_v bruise_v in_o trample_v they_o will_v recover_v and_o spring_v up_o again_o the_o land_n these_o be_v sow_v in_o shall_v be_v rather_o dig_v than_o plough_v or_o if_o the_o latter_a it_o must_v be_v very_o deep_a to_o give_v the_o root_n leave_v to_o grow_v to_o a_o full_a length_n and_o bigness_n when_o you_o have_v sow_v the_o seed_n about_o the_o middle_n of_o march_n or_o much_o soon_o if_o the_o
or_o moist_a but_o they_o most_o affect_v and_o best_a prosper_v in_o the_o sound_n black_a deep_a mold_n a_o little_a rise_n rather_o warm_a than_o over_o moist_a and_o cold_a for_o this_o produce_v the_o firm_a and_o best_a timber_n though_o they_o will_v thrive_v very_o well_o in_o cold_a moist_a clay-ground_n they_o will_v also_o grow_v though_o but_o slow_o on_o high_a stony_a and_o barren_a hill_n some_o sow_n acorn_n in_o their_o nursery_n when_o they_o be_v ripe_a but_o not_o dry_v and_o these_o produce_v store_n of_o young_a plant_n in_o the_o spring_n if_o sow_v in_o autumn_n which_o may_v be_v remove_v the_o next_o year_n and_o plant_v in_o form_n for_o grove_n wood_n or_o lawn_n but_o i_o hold_v the_o slip_v and_o plant_n get_v from_o the_o root_n of_o oak_n thrive_v and_o of_o a_o moderate_a age_n be_v better_o and_o will_v much_o soon_o come_v to_o perfection_n if_o plant_v and_o fence_v from_o the_o brouze_a of_o cattle_n the_o nip_a northern_a wind_n who_o 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spread_a root_n that_o lie_v shallow_a some_o distance_n from_o the_o tree_n a_o great_a many_o of_o which_o may_v be_v easy_o take_v up_o with_o spurn_v and_o some_o part_n of_o the_o main_a root_n upon_o they_o and_o these_o be_v call_v sucker_n be_v at_o the_o proper_a season_n to_o be_v have_v in_o abundance_n and_o these_o you_o may_v transplant_v into_o any_o place_n where_o it_o be_v proper_a for_o elin_n to_o grow_v take_v not_o those_o sucker_n that_o have_v be_v bite_v or_o bruise_v by_o cattle_n for_o they_o will_v not_o grow_v kind_o and_o these_o be_v easy_o transplant_v with_o success_n seldom_o fail_v if_o they_o be_v young_a you_o need_v not_o cut_v off_o the_o top_n because_o be_v very_o sappy_a the_o wet_a will_v enter_v and_o decay_v the_o plant_n but_o if_o of_o considerable_a growth_n you_o may_v cut_v they_o as_o you_o please_v make_v a_o stiff_a mixture_n of_o clay_n and_o horse-dung_n to_o lay_v firm_a on_o the_o cut_a place_n to_o defend_v they_o from_o the_o 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easy_o wind_v and_o bend_v viz._n the_o willow_n and_o birch_n and_o the_o smale_a oak_n shingles_n to_o cover_v house_n be_v best_a make_v of_o oak_n beech_n and_o the_o wood_n of_o such_o other_o tree_n as_o bear_v mast_n also_o of_o such_o as_o yield_v rosin_n as_o the_o pine_n and_o the_o pitch-tree_n for_o table_n stand_v bowl_n and_o such_o other_o household_n utensil_n the_o maple_n ash_n and_o walnut_n be_v very_o curious_a graceful_a english_a wood_n and_o much_o last_a box_n be_v a_o wood_n well_o know_v of_o great_a value_n for_o its_o firmness_n and_o durableness_n and_o usual_o sell_v for_o its_o preciousness_n by_o weighâ—_n and_o serve_v for_o comb_n haft_n of_o knife_n mathematical_a instrument_n and_o so_o many_o mechanical_a use_n that_o little_a except_o the_o very_a tender_a spray_n can_v be_v count_v waste_n in_o it_o so_o that_o a_o acre_n of_o good_a growth_n of_o this_o be_v hold_v to_o exceed_v by_o much_o the_o value_n of_o twenty_o acre_n of_o the_o best_a corn_n and_o therefore_o consider_v when_o once_o it_o be_v well_o get_v in_o the_o ground_n that_o every_o twenty_o year_n it_o may_v be_v well_o cut_v and_o the_o root_n leave_v will_v produce_v new_a shoot_v to_o supply_v the_o place_n of_o what_o be_v take_v away_o what_o great_a advantage_n may_v be_v make_v by_o it_o in_o improve_n land_n where_o little_a else_o will_v grow_v and_o that_o it_o require_v no_o yearly_a toil_a plough_v and_o sow_v nor_o the_o charge_n of_o seed_n holly_n be_v another_o excellent_a wood_n useful_a for_o whip-stock_n copse_n of_o caâ—rs_n and_o siding_n as_o also_o for_o any_o thing_n that_o require_v a_o strong_a tough_a last_a wood_n but_o above_o all_o its_o bark_n have_v of_o late_o be_v find_v famous_a for_o the_o make_n of_o bird-lime_n the_o which_o because_o it_o may_v be_v grateful_a to_o the_o countryman_n not_o only_o in_o take_v and_o destroy_v such_o bird_n as_o annoy_v his_o corn_n but_o to_o furnish_v his_o table_n though_o it_o be_v somewhat_o a_o digression_n from_o the_o subject_a i_o shall_v however_o by_o the_o way_n give_v he_o a_o receipt_n to_o make_v and_o use_v it_o and_o then_o come_v again_o to_o a_o conclusion_n of_o what_o i_o intend_v to_o lay_v down_o in_o relation_n to_o the_o order_v of_o tree_n and_o improvement_n of_o wood-land_n for_o his_o advantage_n chap._n lvii_o a_o true_a receipt_n how_o to_o make_v the_o best_a birdlime_n when_o the_o sap_n be_v full_a in_o the_o bark_n of_o the_o holly_n about_o midsummer_n take_v that_o which_o be_v well_o grow_v and_o strip_v off_o a_o considerable_a quantity_n of_o the_o bark_n and_o boil_v it_o in_o fair_a water_n till_o the_o gray_a and_o white_a bark_n part_n from_o the_o green_a so_o separate_v the_o green_a and_o lay_v it_o on_o a_o heap_n on_o a_o tile_v or_o stone_n floor_n in_o a_o cellar_n or_o some_o such_o cool_a place_n cover_v with_o weed_n for_o the_o space_n of_o ten_o or_o twelve_o day_n in_o which_o time_n it_o will_v putrify_v turn_v into_o a_o slimy_a quality_n then_o put_v it_o into_o a_o mortar_n and_o beat_v it_o with_o a_o wooden_a pestle_n till_o nothing_o but_o slime_n remain_v so_o that_o no_o part_n of_o the_o bark_n be_v to_o be_v discern_v it_o may_v be_v wrought_v like_o wax_n then_o wash_v it_o in_o a_o run_a stream_n that_o no_o moat_n or_o husk_n may_v remain_v in_o it_o after_o this_o be_v do_v kneed_a it_o into_o a_o glaze_v earthen_a vessel_n cover_v it_o close_o from_o the_o air_n and_o there_o it_o will_v fume_v up_o and_o purge_v out_o its_o scurf_n and_o dross_n and_o after_o six_o day_n scum_v it_o off_o and_o continue_v so_o do_v till_o no_o more_o arise_v then_o that_o you_o may_v keep_v it_o for_o use_n shift_v it_o into_o another_o clean_a vessel_n when_o you_o use_v this_o on_o twig_n straw_n or_o bush_n according_a to_o the_o quality_n of_o the_o fowl_n you_o design_v to_o take_v warm_v it_o and_o mix_v it_o with_o a_o little_a hog_n or_o goose-grease_n over_o a_o gentle_a fire_n till_o they_o be_v well_o incorporate_v by_o frequent_a stir_v then_o anoint_v the_o twig_n straw_n or_o bush_n with_o it_o as_o even_o as_o you_o can_v without_o leave_v any_o knob_n or_o roughness_n and_o place_v they_o either_o in_o wood_n or_o field_n where_o the_o bird_n you_o intend_v to_o take_v resort_n and_o place_n what_o allurement_n you_o think_v fit_a in_o meat_n or_o other_o matter_n as_o will_v be_v most_o take_v to_o they_o and_o place_v they_o so_o that_o when_o they_o descend_v they_o must_v needs_o touch_v they_o and_o such_o as_o do_v will_v certain_o be_v entangle_v for_o if_o they_o rise_v with_o they_o on_o their_o foot_n they_o will_v certain_o lap_v their_o wing_n and_o that_o will_v cause_v they_o sudden_o to_o fall_v and_o as_o the_o great_a or_o lessness_n of_o the_o fowl_n be_v so_o must_v you_o proportion_v your_o twig_n chap._n lviii_o wonderful_a improvement_n of_o land_n by_o plant_v tree_n and_o by_o enclosure_n show_v the_o advantage_n of_o it_o over_o those_o land_n that_o lie_v in_o common_a will_v may_n be_v great_o improve_v by_o enclose_v ground_n with_o it_o for_o corn_n and_o pasture_n yield_v a_o great_a many_o advantage_n to_o the_o painful_a husbandman_n who_o good_a industry_n well_o deserve_v a_o good_a recompense_n first_o for_o that_o well-grown_a tree_n and_o good_a hedge-row_n shelter_n his_o tender_a corn_n etc._n etc._n from_o bleak_a wind_n and_o keep_v off_o the_o blast_n that_o will_v much_o annoy_v it_o even_o when_o grow_v second_o it_o be_v a_o great_a advantage_n to_o pasture-land_n in_o shelter_a cattle_n both_o in_o the_o heat_n of_o summer_n and_o in_o the_o extreme_a of_o winter_n as_o also_o from_o violent_a storm_n of_o rain_n hail_o or_o snow_n etc._n etc._n three_o it_o secure_v corn_n from_o high-road_n be_v make_v into_o it_o by_o idle_a person_n and_o cattle_n which_o if_o it_o lay_v in_o common_a or_o open_a can_v not_o be_v avoid_v since_o those_o that_o know_v not_o the_o toil_n and_o cost_v the_o husbandman_n be_v at_o to_o bring_v his_o crop_n to_o a_o harvest_n little_a regard_n what_o havoc_n they_o make_v through_o laziness_n for_o wanton_a disportment_n or_o the_o near_a way_n which_o if_o there_o be_v a_o barrier_n of_o good_a fence_n they_o can_v not_o do_v and_o then_o for_o cattle_n it_o save_v the_o trouble_n of_o pound_v and_o many_o frivolous_a suit_n that_o frequent_o arise_v on_o trespass_n of_o these_o kind_n and_o therefore_o be_v advantageous_a both_o to_o the_o owner_n of_o the_o one_o and_o the_o other_o four_o tree_n grow_v up_o their_o lordship_n afford_v much_o fuel_n and_o fence_v perpetual_o supply_v the_o owner_n with_o both_o as_o occasion_n require_v and_o indeed_o few_o know_v the_o scarcity_n of_o the_o first_o so_o well_o as_o those_o that_o live_v distant_a from_o enclosure_n in_o open_a champion_n country_n where_o coal_n can_v at_o all_o or_o at_o least_o without_o great_a charge_n and_o labour_n be_v have_v not_o only_o the_o pinch_a winter_n afflict_v these_o but_o even_o their_o necessary_a occasion_n of_o brew_v bake_v and_o dress_n their_o provision_n make_v they_o sensible_a to_o their_o great_a cost_n and_o loss_n of_o time_n that_o the_o plant_n of_o tree_n be_v extreme_o beneficial_a for_o that_o be_v at_o hand_n they_o may_v keep_v it_o in_o a_o readiness_n by_o get_v it_o in_o and_o lay_v it_o up_o to_o dry_a at_o leisure_n time_n to_o their_o great_a comfort_n and_o advantage_n and_o be_v profit_v in_o sell_v the_o overplus_n to_o the_o rich_a and_o charitable_o bestow_v some_o on_o their_o poor_a neighbour_n and_o for_o their_o christian_a compassion_n towards_o they_o be_v load_v with_o their_o blessing_n and_o prayer_n and_o of_o this_o one_o mr._n tusser_n one_o very_a much_o experience_v in_o rural_a affair_n in_o his_o old_a fashion_a rhyme_n thus_o speak_v the_o wood-land_n above_o all_o i_o praise_v the_o champion_n delight_v not_o i_o for_o nothing_o of_o wealth_n it_o do_v raise_v to_o such_o as_o laborious_a be_v in_o wood-land_n the_o poor_a man_n that_o have_v scarce_o full_o ten_o acre_n in_o land_n more_o merry_o live_v and_o do_v save_v than_o the_o other_a with_o forty_o in_o land_n the_o one_o have_v in_o every_o hedge_n both_o plenty_n of_o fuel_n and_o fruit_n the_o other_o lay_v turf_n up_o and_o sedge_n and_o get_v it_o by_o wondrous_a suit_n and_o ready_a in_o winter_n to_o starve_v when_o the_o other_a you_n see_v do_v not_o so_o but_o have_v what_o be_v needful_a to_o serve_v when_o the_o other_a all_o ragged_a do_v go_v there_o be_v indeed_o a_o great_a difference_n in_o the_o advantage_n arise_v between_o enclosure_n or_o wood-land_n and_o such_o as_o lie_v open_a and_o though_o some_o may_v be_v apt_a to_o grudge_v