enforce_v their_o mind_n to_o great_a thing_n who_o account_v not_o only_o the_o present_a age_n but_o the_o memory_n of_o all_o posterity_n to_o be_v the_o space_n of_o a_o honest_a life_n and_o the_o race_n of_o their_o glory_n whosoever_o therefore_o do_v with_o a_o heroical_a mind_n conceive_v the_o true_a image_n of_o the_o glory_n that_o be_v to_o come_v and_o look_v for_o a_o perpetual_a and_o unchangeable_a fruit_n arise_v not_o out_o of_o a_o poor_a reward_n but_o out_o of_o the_o contentment_n of_o his_o mind_n delight_v itself_o in_o the_o contemplation_n of_o art_n the_o same_o shall_v easy_o be_v persuade_v to_o spend_v that_o time_n in_o frame_v magnificent_a image_n and_o invention_n which_o other_o bestow_v upon_o idle_a spectacle_n uncertain_a wander_n wasteful_a die_n unprofitable_a discourse_n a_o sleepy_a drowsiness_n and_o unseasonable_a banquet_n it_o be_v a_o singular_a gift_n of_o providence_n say_v quintilian_n 12._o quintilian_n li._n i._o c._n 12._o that_o honest_a thing_n shall_v take_v we_o most_o of_o all_o §_o 16_o we_o may_v therefore_o very_a well_o cease_v to_o wonder_v why_o there_o be_v now_o adays_o so_o few_o good_a artificer_n see_v these_o art_n consist_v of_o all_o such_o thing_n as_o it_o be_v a_o great_a matter_n to_o excel_v in_o any_o one_o of_o they_o so_o be_v it_o then_o a_o receive_a custom_n among_o the_o ancient_n that_o mean_v to_o obtain_v the_o credit_n of_o absolute_a artist_n not_o to_o make_v profession_n of_o the_o art_n unless_o they_o find_v themselves_o well_o prepare_v and_o sufficient_o furnish_v with_o all_o kind_n of_o learning_n whereas_o now_o every_o new_a beginner_n that_o know_v but_o how_o to_o fill_v his_o picture_n with_o several_a figure_n and_o to_o trim_v up_o his_o lame_a invention_n with_o fine_a and_o glorious_a colour_n think_v himself_o instant_o to_o be_v admit_v into_o the_o deep_a mystery_n of_o such_o a_o retire_v and_o venerable_a art_n yet_o be_v this_o always_o certain_a that_o a_o generous_a mind_n hate_v vanity_n and_o that_o never_o any_o man_n be_v able_a to_o conceive_v or_o to_o bring_v forth_o any_o worthy_a thing_n but_o such_o as_o have_v great_a variety_n of_o learning_n the_o other_o on_o the_o contrary_a for_o all_o their_o boast_n never_o know_v the_o true_a way_n to_o art_n or_o at_o least_o have_v not_o the_o courage_n to_o tread_v the_o know_a way_n there_o be_v another_o sort_n of_o man_n between_o the_o learned_a and_o unlearned_a who_o be_v reasonable_o well_o acquaint_v with_o all_o the_o ground_n of_o common_a learning_n make_v for_o all_o that_o a_o show_n as_o if_o they_o do_v not_o care_n for_o it_o hope_v by_o this_o mean_n to_o procure_v unto_o themselves_o a_o great_a opinion_n of_o industry_n and_o wit_n if_o they_o shall_v be_v think_v to_o do_v something_o without_o the_o help_n of_o other_o art_n and_o science_n but_o it_o be_v a_o easy_a matter_n to_o find_v they_o out_o true_a learning_n disdain_v to_o be_v hide_v neither_o can_v they_o dissemble_v so_o cunning_o but_o that_o here_o and_o there_o in_o their_o work_n diverse_a glorious_a mark_n of_o reverend_a antiquity_n will_v peep_v out_o to_o let_v they_o therefore_o alone_o we_o do_v rather_o wonder_v at_o their_o impudence_n who_o presume_v to_o meddle_v with_o these_o grave_n and_o serious_a art_n before_o they_o have_v taste_v natural_a and_o moral_a philosophy_n history_n poesy_n not_o to_o speak_v of_o the_o mathematics_n for_o our_o modern_a wit_n be_v so_o deep_o plunge_v and_o drown_v in_o their_o secure_a confidence_n that_o they_o mean_v to_o do_v well_o enough_o without_o the_o mathematics_n yea_o the_o best_a of_o they_o be_v content_a with_o a_o superficial_a knowledge_n of_o such_o useful_a art_n not_o consider_v that_o a_o sleight_n and_o careless_a manner_n of_o study_v help_v very_o little_a what_o we_o will_v have_v take_v deep_a root_n in_o our_o heart_n and_o become_v our_o own_o require_v assiduity_n of_o study_n there_o be_v also_o very_o great_a difference_n whether_o we_o bring_v forth_o thing_n of_o our_o own_o or_o make_v use_n of_o thing_n borrow_v for_o as_o the_o thing_n of_o our_o own_o come_v forth_o with_o great_a ease_n so_o do_v the_o knowledge_n of_o many_o art_n and_o science_n wonderful_o adorn_v our_o work_n though_o we_o do_v never_o intend_v any_o such_o thing_n neither_o do_v the_o more_o learned_a only_o perceive_v it_o but_o the_o rude_a sort_n do_v also_o very_a often_o feel_v it_o when_o they_o do_v commend_v the_o exquisite_a labour_n of_o great_a master_n upon_o the_o first_o sight_n as_o be_v force_v to_o confess_v that_o they_o be_v fill_v with_o all_o kind_n of_o rare_a and_o profound_a learning_n for_o as_o much_o then_o as_o a_o true_a artificer_n must_v be_v thorough_o skill_v in_o many_o art_n and_o science_n we_o may_v see_v what_o our_o time_n be_v come_v to_o profitable_a learning_n be_v despise_v necessary_a art_n be_v neglect_v every_o one_o deem_v himself_o more_o witty_a and_o judicious_a than_o the_o ancient_n hence_o it_o be_v that_o the_o ordinary_a work_n of_o our_o artificer_n lack_v nothing_o so_o much_o as_o magnificence_n be_v stuff_v with_o the_o dross_n of_o silly_a and_o trivial_a invention_n the_o noble_a art_n which_o be_v ancient_o wait_v upon_o by_o many_o and_o most_o worthy_a science_n be_v cut_v short_a and_o have_v lose_v her_o ancient_a dignity_n be_v thrust_v out_o of_o door_n without_o any_o attendance_n or_o any_o respect_n yea_o she_o be_v teach_v penurious_o and_o learn_v base_o be_v force_v to_o seek_v her_o bread_n without_o any_o ingenuity_n after_o the_o manner_n of_o other_o sordid_a mechanike_n and_o mercenary_a arts._n but_o why_o shall_v indignation_n thus_o transport_v i_o it_o be_v better_a to_o laugh_v they_o out_o lest_o they_o may_v think_v themselves_o to_o have_v obtain_v great_a matter_n who_o by_o all_o their_o busy_a toil_n and_o labour_n foolish_o mis-spend_v be_v come_v to_o such_o a_o height_n of_o felicity_n as_o to_o make_v themselves_o to_o be_v laugh_v at_o i_o rather_o congratulate_v those_o happy_a wit_n who_o thus_o become_v master_n without_o pain_n or_o care_n yet_o be_o i_o well_o assure_v that_o those_o who_o bring_v mind_n uncapable_a of_o great_a thing_n or_o not_o well_o prepare_v by_o study_n shall_v with_o their_o best_a endeavour_n effect_v nothing_o in_o this_o art_n answerable_a to_o their_o fair_a hope_n but_o find_v their_o soul_n barren_a both_o by_o nature_n and_o ill_a culture_n must_v content_v themselves_o with_o the_o invention_n of_o other_o man_n and_o employ_v their_o whole_a life_n in_o copy_v their_o work_n aim_v at_o no_o other_o sufficiency_n but_o to_o be_v able_a to_o draw_v after_o they_o by_o line_n and_o ruling_n in_o a_o manner_n court_v the_o maid_n when_o they_o can_v obtain_v the_o mistress_n like_o penelope_n unhappy_a suitor_n that_o which_o cicero_n muraenâ_fw-la cicero_n pro_fw-la muraenâ_fw-la speak_v of_o the_o greek_a musician_n that_o those_o shall_v blow_v a_o pipe_n which_o can_v not_o touch_v the_o lute_n may_v fit_o character_n these_o unworthy_a painter_n if_o these_o may_v be_v worthy_a of_o the_o name_n of_o painter_n or_o if_o this_o may_v be_v call_v paint_v which_o high_a title_n proper_o belong_v to_o they_o and_o to_o they_o only_o who_o be_v able_a to_o express_v whatsoever_o theminde_v of_o man_n can_v conceive_v and_o dare_v exhibit_v it_o to_o public_a judgement_n the_o former_a without_o this_o perfection_n be_v of_o small_a worth_n or_o use_n like_o a_o good_a sword_n rust_v in_o the_o scabbard_n to_o this_o all_o our_o instruction_n chief_o tend_v to_o attain_v this_o no_o mean_n but_o art_n all_o study_n be_v to_o be_v apply_v to_o this_o all_o practice_n must_v aim_v at_o this_o this_o be_v the_o bond_n and_o but_o of_o imitation_n in_o this_o a_o man_n must_v spend_v his_o whole_a life_n by_o this_o one_o master_n out-goeth_a another_o for_o this_o only_a one_o piece_n and_o way_n of_o paint_v be_v more_o excellent_a than_o another_o but_o the_o near_a coherence_n of_o this_o with_o the_o follow_a discourse_n do_v lead_v i_o too_o far_o into_o the_o matter_n of_o design_n or_o proportion_n which_o be_v the_o subject_n of_o the_o next_o chapter_n chap._n ii_o the_o argument_n be_v find_v it_o follow_v that_o a_o artificer_n shall_v observe_v in_o his_o design_n the_o rule_n of_o true_a proportion_n see_v no_o man_n beat_v his_o brain_n to_o invent_v any_o thing_n but_o that_o he_o mean_v to_o make_v some_o use_n of_o the_o matter_n invent_v as_o for_o the_o proportion_n that_o be_v to_o be_v observe_v here_o several_a author_n name_v it_o several_o philostratus_n and_o other_o author_n call_v it_o by_o the_o name_n of_o symmetry_n analogy_n harmony_n the_o young_a philostratus_n therefore_o join_v these_o three_o denomination_n together_o the_o wise_a man_n
thereof_o some_o notable_a disproportion_n be_v find_v as_o if_o nothing_o more_o shall_v be_v leave_v she_o to_o distribute_v unto_o other_o if_o she_o have_v once_o confer_v upon_o one_o all_o what_o be_v true_o beautiful_a wherefore_o when_o this_o noble_a artificer_n intend_v to_o leave_v unto_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o crotona_n a_o choice_a pattern_n of_o a_o most_o beautiful_a woman_n he_o do_v not_o think_v it_o good_a to_o seek_v the_o perfection_n of_o a_o faultless_a formosity_n in_o one_o particular_a body_n but_o he_o pick_v out_o of_o the_o whole_a city_n five_o of_o the_o well-favouredst_a virgin_n to_o the_o end_n he_o may_v find_v in_o they_o that_o perfect_a beauty_n which_o as_o lucian_n speak_v hermotimo_fw-la speak_v in_o hermotimo_fw-la of_o necessity_n must_v be_v but_o one_o so_o do_v zenophon_n very_o fit_o to_o this_o purpose_n bring_v in_o socrates_n his_o discourse_n hold_v with_o the_o painter_n parrhasius_n see_v it_o be_v not_o so_o easy_a say_v socrates_n apomnem_fw-la socrates_n apud_fw-la xenophontem_fw-la lib._n iii_o apomnem_fw-la to_o meet_v with_o anyone_o that_o do_v altogether_o consist_v of_o irreprehensible_a part_n so_o be_v it_o that_o you_o have_v choose_v out_o of_o every_o part_n of_o several_a body_n what_o be_v fit_a for_o your_o turn_n bring_v to_o pass_v that_o the_o whole_a figure_n make_v by_o your_o art_n seem_v to_o be_v most_o comely_a and_o beautiful_a §_o 4._o out_o of_o this_o most_o absolute_a fort_n of_o imitation_n there_o do_v bud_n forth_o the_o art_n of_o design_v the_o art_n of_o paint_v the_o art_n of_o cast_v and_o all_o other_o art_n of_o that_o kind_n so_o do_v philostratus_n iconum_fw-la philostratus_n in_o prooemio_fw-la iconum_fw-la also_o call_v this_o same_o imitation_n a_o ancient_a invention_n and_o altogether_o agree_v with_o nature_n the_o proof_n of_o which_o point_n can_v here_o most_o ready_o be_v draw_v out_o of_o that_o busy_a eagerness_n we_o do_v see_v in_o almost_o all_o young_a child_n that_o follow_v the_o tender_a imagination_n of_o their_o rude_a and_o unexercised_a conceit_n in_o make_v of_o baby_n and_o other_o image_n out_o of_o clay_n or_o wax_n but_o that_o we_o think_v it_o better_o not_o to_o trouble_v ourselves_o too_o much_o with_o the_o proof_n of_o a_o thing_n which_o be_v clear_a enough_o in_o itself_o see_v every_o one_o may_v sufficient_o inform_v himself_o concern_v this_o point_n who_o will_v but_o cast_v a_o eye_n upon_o the_o daily_a pastime_n use_v among_o little_a one_o let_v we_o only_o observe_v out_o of_o quintilian_n 17._o quintilian_n orat._n instit_fw-la lib._n ii_o cap._n 17._o that_o all_o such_o thing_n as_o be_v accomplish_v by_o art_n do_v ever_o draw_v their_o first_o beginning_n out_o of_o nature_n as_o also_o that_o the_o great_a part_n of_o art_n to_o use_v the_o word_n of_o the_o same_o author_n 2._o author_n lib._n x._o c._n 2._o do_v consist_v in_o imitation_n so_o be_v it_o likewise_o a_o usual_a thing_n in_o the_o whole_a course_n of_o our_o life_n that_o we_o ourselves_o study_v always_o to_o do_v what_o we_o like_v in_o other_o child_n follow_v the_o copy_n which_o be_v set_v they_o until_o they_o get_v a_o perfect_a habit_n of_o writing_n musician_n express_v the_o voice_n of_o their_o teacher_n painter_n imitate_v the_o work_n of_o their_o predecessor_n husbandman_n do_v frame_v themselves_o after_o the_o prosperous_a experience_n of_o they_o that_o till_v their_o ground_n with_o good_a success_n and_o we_o do_v always_o in_o the_o first_o entrance_n of_o all_o kind_n of_o learning_n order_n our_o labour_n after_o a_o example_n propound_v unto_o we_o §_o 5._o neither_o may_v the_o great_a multitude_n of_o natural_a thing_n that_o our_o imitation_n busi_v itself_o withal_o put_v we_o in_o such_o a_o fright_n as_o to_o hinder_v our_o good_a endeavour_n see_v it_o be_v no_o more_o requisite_a in_o this_o art_n then_o in_o many_o other_o art_n that_o we_o shall_v after_o a_o most_o troublesome_a manner_n go_v over_o every_o little_a thing_n as_o if_o it_o be_v not_o possible_a to_o attain_v to_o perfection_n unless_o we_o do_v learn_v to_o imitate_v all_o thing_n that_o be_v in_o nature_n certain_o the_o large_a diffuse_a nature_n of_o thing_n can_v abide_v that_o a_o teacher_n shall_v weary_v his_o scholar_n with_o such_o a_o infinite_a number_n of_o figure_n and_o whosoever_o do_v undertake_v any_o such_o thing_n shall_v undergo_v these_o two_o inconvenience_n say_v quintilian_n 10._o quintilian_n lib._n v._o cap._n 10._o as_o to_o say_v always_o too_o much_o and_o yet_o never_o to_o say_v all_o thus_o may_v we_o very_o well_o be_v satisfy_v with_o the_o imitation_n of_o the_o chief_a thing_n assure_v ourselves_o that_o lesser_a thing_n will_v follow_v of_o themselves_o polycletus_n have_v make_v hercules_n do_v not_o find_v it_o a_o difficult_a matter_n to_o make_v the_o lion_n skin_n or_o the_o many-headed_a water-snake_n phidias_n likewise_o have_v make_v the_o image_n of_o minerva_n do_v not_o think_v it_o much_o to_o make_v up_o her_o shield_n no_o body_n do_v so_o excel_v in_o great_a matter_n say_v quintilian_n 3._o quintilian_n lib._n ii_o cap._n 3._o as_o to_o fail_v in_o lesser_a unless_o phidias_n by_o chance_n make_v jupiter_n best_o of_o all_o but_o that_o some_o body_n else_o shall_v have_v be_v better_o at_o the_o make_n of_o such_o thing_n as_o the_o work_n be_v to_o be_v garnish_v withal_o the_o word_n of_o the_o incomparable_a orator_n be_v remarkable_a as_o in_o other_o art_n say_v tully_n oratore_fw-la tully_n lib._n ii_o de_fw-la oratore_fw-la when_o the_o hard_a thing_n be_v propound_v there_o be_v no_o need_n that_o the_o rest_n shall_v be_v deliver_v after_o a_o laborious_a and_o toilsome_a manner_n as_o be_v now_o easy_a and_o resemble_v the_o thing_n teach_v afore_o so_o in_o the_o art_n of_o paint_v if_o any_o one_o have_v thorough_o learn_v how_o to_o paint_v a_o man_n the_o same_o shall_v likewise_o know_v how_o to_o paint_v a_o man_n of_o what_o shape_n and_o age_n he_o himself_o list_v although_o it_o may_v be_v he_o never_o learn_v to_o make_v any_o such_o figure_n apart_o by_o themselves_o neither_o be_v it_o to_o be_v fear_v that_o he_o who_o can_v paint_v a_o lion_n or_o a_o bull_n pass_v well_o shall_v not_o be_v able_a to_o do_v the_o same_o in_o many_o other_o beast_n that_o walk_v upon_o four_o foot_n this_o point_n be_v also_o confirm_v in_o the_o follow_a word_n of_o the_o most_o learned_a quintilian_n a_o master_n must_v every_o day_n say_v he_o 10._o he_o lib._n vii_o cap._n 10._o by_o several_a example_n show_v the_o order_n and_o connexion_n of_o thing_n to_o the_o end_n that_o by_o a_o continual_a practice_n we_o shall_v still_o pass_v on_o to_o thing_n of_o the_o like_a nature_n for_o it_o be_v impossible_a to_o propound_v all_o what_o may_v be_v imitate_v by_o art_n neither_o be_v there_o any_o painter_n that_o have_v learned_a to_o imitate_v all_o natural_a thing_n but_o have_v once_o perceive_v the_o true_a manner_n of_o imitate_v he_o shall_v easy_o hit_v the_o similitude_n of_o such_o thing_n as_o shall_v be_v offer_v he_o §_o 6._o the_o first_o principle_n then_o of_o these_o art_n of_o imitation_n do_v not_o demand_v a_o endless_a labour_n but_o rather_o content_v themselves_o with_o a_o few_o very_a moderate_a and_o easy_a document_n of_o meet_a proportion_n do_v forthwith_o present_v we_o a_o open_a and_o ready_a access_n unto_o the_o most_o inward_a secret_n of_o art_n and_o very_o the_o whole_a art_n of_o paint_v may_v wondrous_o well_o be_v comprise_v in_o a_o small_a number_n of_o precept_n which_o as_o they_o be_v in_o any_o wise_a necessary_a so_o be_v they_o for_o all_o that_o to_o be_v deliver_v after_o a_o short_a and_o plain_a way_n when_o there_o be_v on_o the_o contrary_a a_o great_a stir_n keep_v about_o the_o first_o rudiment_n of_o these_o art_n it_o be_v very_o often_o see_v that_o young_a beginner_n be_v alienate_v from_o the_o art_n by_o reason_n of_o so_o diffuse_v and_o intricate_a a_o manner_n of_o institution_n their_o wit_n also_o that_o have_v more_o need_n at_o the_o first_o to_o be_v cherish_v and_o encourage_v grow_v dull_a and_o sottish_a be_v overwhelm_v with_o a_o dry_a and_o barren_a multitude_n of_o far_o fetch_a instruction_n they_o do_v sometime_o also_o to_o the_o great_a hindrance_n of_o their_o good_a proceed_n foolish_o persuade_v themselves_o that_o they_o be_v already_o as_o good_a artificer_n as_o the_o best_a of_o they_o though_o they_o have_v do_v no_o more_o but_o slender_o learn_v by_o heart_n and_o practise_v but_o gross_o some_o disorderly_a precept_n that_o be_v boast_v to_o contain_v the_o very_a pith_n and_o marrow_n of_o the_o whole_a art_n many_o lively_a spirit_n at_o length_n be_v most_o pitiful_o turn_v away_o from_o their_o forward_a course_n after_o they_o
question_n more_o at_o large_a i_o do_v know_v well_o enough_o say_v he_o 19_o he_o orat._n instit_fw-la lib._n ii_o c._n 19_o that_o many_o use_n to_o ask_v here_o whether_o art_n receive_v more_o help_n of_o nature_n or_o of_o doctrine_n the_o which_o although_o it_o be_v not_o much_o appertain_v to_o our_o purpose_n see_v a_o complete_a artificer_n can_v be_v make_v without_o both_o yet_o do_v i_o take_v it_o to_o be_v a_o great_a matter_n how_o the_o question_n be_v propound_v for_o if_o you_o divide_v the_o one_o from_o either_o of_o both_o part_n nature_n can_v do_v much_o without_o doctrine_n where_o doctrine_n on_o the_o contrary_n can_v be_v without_o nature_n but_o if_o there_o be_v a_o equal_a meeting_n of_o they_o both_o so_o shall_v i_o think_v that_o both_o be_v but_o reasonable_a nature_n be_v yet_o of_o great_a moment_n and_o that_o accurate_a artificer_n notwithstanding_o owe_v more_o unto_o doctrine_n then_o unto_o nature_n the_o best_a husbandman_n can_v do_v no_o good_a upon_o a_o dry_a and_o barren_a ground_n out_o of_o a_o rank_a ground_n will_v something_o grow_v up_o though_o no_o body_n do_v till_o it_o but_o in_o a_o fertile_a ground_n shall_v the_o laborious_a husbandman_n prevail_v a_o great_a deal_n more_o than_o the_o goodness_n of_o the_o ground_n itself_o and_o if_o praxiteles_n have_v endeavour_v to_o carve_v a_o image_n out_o of_o a_o millstone_n i_o have_v rather_o have_v a_o good_a piece_n of_o rough_a parian_a marble_n than_o such_o a_o halfe-finished_n work_n but_o if_o the_o artificer_n have_v accomplish_v it_o i_o shall_v more_o esteem_v in_o that_o same_o work_v the_o art_n of_o his_o hand_n than_o the_o costlinesse_n of_o the_o marble_n compare_v therefore_o nature_n with_o the_o material_a and_o art_n with_o doctrine_n the_o one_o do_v work_v the_o other_o be_v wrought_v upon_o art_n can_v do_v nothing_o without_o the_o material_a whereas_o the_o material_a without_o art_n have_v she_o own_o worthiness_n so_o be_v then_o the_o high_a art_n together_o with_o the_o best_a material_a to_o be_v desire_v these_o word_n of_o quintilian_n shall_v content_v we_o here_o if_o the_o same_o judicious_a writer_n do_v not_o urge_v in_o another_o place_n a_o point_n more_o to_o be_v mark_v for_o see_v that_o in_o the_o work_n of_o excellent_a artificer_n their_o decent_a grace_n be_v most_o of_o all_o to_o be_v have_v in_o admiration_n so_o be_v we_o moreover_o in_o this_o same_o grace_n to_o admire_v a_o great_a difference_n of_o nature_n there_o be_v in_o this_o point_n some_o hide_a and_o unspeakable_a reason_n say_v quintilian_n institut_fw-la quintilian_n sub_fw-la finem_fw-la libri_fw-la undecimi_fw-la orat_fw-la institut_fw-la and_o as_o it_o be_v true_o say_v that_o it_o be_v the_o principal_a point_n in_o art_n to_o be_v comely_a in_o what_o we_o do_v so_o can_v this_o comeliness_n for_o all_o that_o not_o be_v have_v without_o art_n neither_o can_v it_o altogether_o be_v procure_v by_o art_n in_o some_o artificer_n virtue_n be_v not_o please_v in_o some_o on_o the_o contrary_a vice_n themselves_o be_v graceful_a we_o have_v see_v demetrius_n and_o stratocles_n great_a actor_n of_o comedy_n how_o they_o be_v like_v for_o several_a virtue_n but_o this_o be_v not_o so_o wonderful_a that_o the_o one_o know_v better_a how_o to_o act_v god_n modest_a young_a man_n good_a father_n sober_a servant_n grave_a matron_n and_o old_a woman_n the_o other_o get_v great_a commendation_n by_o act_v sharp_a old_a man_n shrewd_a servant_n insinuate_a parasite_n wily_a bawd_n and_o all_o such_o part_n as_o do_v require_v some_o noise_n and_o stir_v this_o than_o be_v not_o so_o strange_a i_o say_v seeing_z demetrius_z have_v also_o a_o sweet_a voice_n whereas_o stratocles_n his_o voice_n be_v more_o vehement_a such_o property_n be_v more_o to_o be_v note_v in_o they_o as_o can_v not_o be_v transfer_v from_o the_o one_o to_o the_o other_o it_o become_v demetrius_n exceed_v well_o to_o throw_v his_o hand_n to_o prolong_v sweet_a exclamation_n in_o the_o behalf_n of_o the_o theatre_n to_o fill_v up_o his_o garment_n with_o the_o wind_n gather_v by_o his_o stir_n to_o make_v some_o gesture_n with_o his_o right_a side_n for_o he_o have_v in_o all_o this_o the_o advantage_n of_o his_o stature_n and_o of_o a_o wonderful_a feature_n but_o stratocles_n be_v admire_v for_o his_o run_n for_o his_o nimbleness_n for_o the_o pull_n in_o of_o his_o neck_n for_o laugh_v sometime_o more_o than_o occasion_n of_o the_o part_n he_o play_v do_v require_v see_v he_o do_v this_o also_o to_o gratify_v the_o people_n as_o know_v well_o enough_o how_o the_o vulgar_a sort_n be_v take_v with_o it_o and_o if_o demetrius_n have_v go_v about_o any_o such_o thing_n it_o will_v have_v make_v a_o most_o ill-favoured_a show_v wherefore_o let_v every_o one_o know_v himself_o and_o let_v he_o then_o deliberate_a about_o the_o frame_n of_o his_o work_n not_o only_o with_o the_o common_a precept_n of_o art_n but_o also_o with_o his_o own_o nature_n neither_o be_v it_o for_o all_o that_o impossible_a but_o that_o a_o man_n may_v do_v all_o thing_n or_o at_o least_o the_o great_a part_n of_o they_o after_o a_o decent_a manner_n as_o it_o be_v then_o manifest_a that_o every_o artificer_n have_v a_o peculiar_a grace_n in_o his_o work_n agree_v with_o the_o constitution_n of_o his_o nature_n so_o may_v we_o further_o out_o of_o quintilian_o word_n draw_v this_o conclusion_n that_o we_o be_v not_o instant_o to_o condemn_v every_o artificer_n that_o seem_v to_o follow_v another_o way_n then_o such_o a_o one_o we_o do_v delight_n in_o for_o it_o may_v very_o well_o be_v that_o several_a master_n in_o the_o several_a way_n their_o own_o nature_n lead_v they_o to_o shall_v not_o miss_v for_o all_o that_o the_o grace_n they_o do_v aim_v at_o in_o my_o opinion_n say_v tully_n oratore_fw-la tully_n lib._n iii_o de_fw-la oratore_fw-la there_o be_v no_o kind_n of_o nature_n but_o we_o shall_v observe_v many_o thing_n in_o the_o same_o the_o which_o though_o they_o differ_v very_o much_o yet_o be_v they_o alike_o praiseworthy_a there_o be_v but_o one_o art_n of_o cast_v in_o brass_n in_o the_o which_o myro_n polycletus_n lysippus_n have_v be_v excellent_a and_o although_o the_o one_o do_v very_o much_o differ_v from_o the_o other_o yet_o will_v you_o not_o have_v wish_v that_o any_o one_o of_o they_o shall_v have_v differ_v from_o himself_o there_o be_v but_o one_o art_n &_o way_n of_o paint_v in_o the_o which_o although_o zeuxis_n aglaophon_n apelles_n differ_v very_o much_o yet_o be_v there_o none_o among_o they_o all_o that_o seem_v to_o lack_v any_o art_n as_o for_o the_o particular_a nature_n of_o the_o artificer_n it_o have_v ever_o be_v so_o that_o the_o liveliness_n of_o great_a spirit_n can_v contain_v itself_o within_o the_o compass_n of_o a_o ordinary_a practice_n but_o it_o will_v always_o issue_v forth_o while_o every_o one_o do_v most_o ready_o express_v in_o his_o work_n the_o inward_a motion_n of_o his_o most_o forward_a mind_n so_o do_v we_o also_o find_v that_o the_o brave_a artist_n have_v spend_v their_o labour_n most_o prosperous_o about_o such_o thing_n as_o they_o do_v much_o delight_n in_o by_o a_o violent_a drive_v of_o their_o passion_n or_o else_o by_o a_o quiet_a guide_n of_o their_o nature_n pausias_n be_v exceed_o in_o love_n with_o his_o countrywoman_n glycera_n leave_v a_o most_o famous_a picture_n know_v every_o where_n by_o the_o name_n of_o stephanoplocos_fw-la that_o be_v a_o woman_n garland-maker_n and_o this_o have_v ever_o be_v esteem_v his_o best_a work_n because_o he_o be_v enforce_v thereunto_o by_o the_o extremity_n of_o his_o passion_n plin._n lib._n xxi_o nat_n hist_o cap._n 2._o androcydes_n get_v a_o great_a deal_n of_o credit_n by_o the_o livelie_a similitude_n of_o the_o fish_n paint_v round_o about_o scylla_n but_o see_v he_o be_v a_o great_a devourer_n of_o fish_n it_o have_v be_v also_o the_o judgement_n of_o these_o time_n in_o the_o which_o he_o live_v that_o his_o unsatiable_a and_o greedy_a longing_n after_o fish_n do_v help_v he_o no_o less_o than_o any_o great_a art_n he_o have_v plutarch_n sympos_fw-la lib._n four_o quaest_n 2._o as_o parrhasius_n do_v profess_v by_o the_o whole_a course_n of_o his_o life_n that_o he_o be_v mighty_o give_v to_o sumptuous_a clothes_n and_o lustful_a pleasure_n so_o be_v there_o also_o in_o his_o work_n evident_a mark_n of_o such_o a_o wanton_a luxurious_a mind_n to_o be_v see_v witness_v that_o same_o base_a piece_n of_o work_n mention_v by_o suetonius_n in_o the_o life_n of_o tiberius_n 44._o tiberius_n cap._n 44._o we_o can_v relate_v here_o many_o more_o example_n of_o excellent_a workmanship_n in_o the_o which_o lust_n may_v seem_v to_o have_v have_v a_o hand_n as_o well_o as_o skill_n if_o we_o do_v not_o
these_o prodigious_a ministery_n of_o base_a lust_n from_o so_o noble_a art_n even_o as_o we_o have_v good_a reason_n to_o detest_v their_o importunate_a wit_n that_o have_v turn_v the_o humanity_n of_o such_o gentle_a art_n to_o the_o instrument_n of_o cruelty_n medea_n go_v about_o to_o overthrow_n pelias_n by_o a_o hollow_a image_n of_o diana_n see_v diadorus_n siculus_n lib._n iu._n biblioth_n perilaus_n his_o brazen_a bull_n be_v know_v by_o the_o epistle_n phalaris_n write_v to_o the_o athenian_n concern_v perilaus_n his_o execution_n agathocles_n his_o litter_n be_v mention_v by_o diod._n siculus_n lib._n xx_o nabis_n the_o tyrant_n his_o apega_n be_v describe_v by_o polybius_n lib._n xviii_o ovid_n 569._o ovid_n in_o ibin_n vers_fw-la 569._o remember_v a_o horse_n make_v of_o maple_n tree_n wherein_o the_o throat_n of_o miserable_a man_n be_v break_v the_o carthaginian_n have_v a_o brazen_a statue_n of_o saturn_n stretch_v forth_o his_o hand_n towards_o the_o ground_n after_o such_o a_o manner_n that_o the_o babe_n offer_v he_o for_o sacrifice_n may_v role_n down_o into_o the_o flame_a fire_n that_o be_v underneath_o see_v diod._n siculus_n lib._n xx_o some_o of_o the_o french_a have_v huge_a image_n who_o great_a limb_n make_v of_o twig_n they_o do_v fill_v with_o man_n that_o be_v to_o be_v burn_v alive_a see_v caesar_n lib._n vi_o de_fw-la bello_fw-la gall._n cap._n 16._o as_o also_o tully_n pro_fw-la manio_n fonteio_fw-la and_o strabo_n lib._n iu._n geogr._n there_o be_v in_o a_o cave_n at_o rome_n a_o wonderful_a great_a dragon_n make_v by_o mechanical_a art_n carry_v a_o sword_n in_o his_o mouth_n with_o eye_n of_o precious_a stone_n fearful_o glister_v unto_o this_o dragon_n there_o be_v yearly_a offer_v a_o sacrifice_n of_o devote_a virgin_n handsome_o trim_v up_o with_o flower_n and_o when_o these_o virgin_n be_v ignorant_a of_o the_o danger_n mean_v to_o go_v down_o to_o offer_v their_o gift_n as_o soon_o as_o they_o do_v but_o touch_v that_o step_n of_o the_o ladder_n at_o which_o the_o dragon_n by_o a_o diabolical_a art_n do_v hang_v their_o innocent_a blood_n be_v instant_o shed_v by_o the_o sword_n they_o meet_v withal_o a_o certain_a monk_n at_o length_n which_o for_o his_o merit_n be_v well_o know_v unto_o stilico_n destroy_v he_o after_o this_o manner_n try_v every_o step_n at_o his_o go_v down_o he_o find_v out_o the_o devilish_a deceit_n and_o wary_o shun_v that_o same_o false_a step_n he_o come_v so_o near_o as_o to_o cut_v the_o dragon_n in_o piece_n show_v here_o also_o that_o they_o be_v no_o god_n which_o be_v make_v by_o the_o hand_n of_o man_n see_v d._n prosper_n part_n iii_o the_o promise_n &_o praedictionib_n dei_fw-la promise_v 38._o ungodly_a king_n and_o prince_n also_o be_v wont_a to_o try_v the_o mind_n of_o the_o true_a worshipper_n of_o god_n by_o expose_v their_o own_o statue_n and_o the_o statue_n of_o other_o false_a god_n public_o to_o be_v adore_v and_o that_o with_o no_o other_o intent_n but_o that_o the_o servant_n of_o the_o live_a god_n may_v be_v find_v out_o and_o destroy_v so_o we_o read_v that_o nabuchodonosor_n puff_v up_o by_o prosperity_n make_v a_o exceed_a great_a golden_a statue_n to_o be_v adore_v of_o all_o they_o that_o have_v their_o mind_n deprave_v by_o flattery_n none_o but_o shadrach_n meshach_n and_o abednego_n be_v find_v to_o have_v abstain_v from_o that_o profane_a office_n wherefore_o they_o be_v by_o the_o king_n command_v immediate_o bind_v and_o cast_v into_o the_o fiery_a furnace_n see_v the_o prophecy_n of_o daniel_n cap._n 3._o see_v plinius_n junior_a lib._n x._o epist_n 97._o and_o 98._o licinnius_n have_v even_o after_o the_o same_o manner_n go_v about_o to_o exercise_v cruelty_n upon_o auxentius_n see_v suidas_n where_o he_o speak_v of_o auxentius_n let_v we_o now_o leave_v the_o example_n of_o such_o a_o beastly_a fierceness_n see_v they_o do_v not_o deserve_v to_o be_v relate_v among_o the_o cause_n of_o the_o increase_n of_o art_n as_o on_o the_o contrary_n we_o may_v very_o well_o judge_v that_o they_o have_v deserve_v a_o great_a deal_n better_o of_o the_o whole_a world_n who_o study_v to_o advance_v these_o art_n by_o transfer_v they_o unto_o all_o kind_n of_o thing_n honest_a or_o at_o least_o not_o dishonest_a §_o 2._o but_o here_o seem_v the_o great_a increase_n of_o art_n at_o the_o first_o to_o have_v be_v occasion_v by_o necessity_n see_v it_o be_v grant_v that_o invention_n to_o supply_v our_o want_n be_v more_o ancient_a than_o those_o that_o serve_v only_a to_o satisfy_v our_o pleasure_n say_v tully_n oratore_fw-la tully_n de_fw-fr perf._n oratore_fw-la whatsoever_o be_v useful_a have_v his_o turn_n before_o any_o other_o thing_n only_o delightful_a say_v varro_n 4._o varro_n lib._n i._n de_fw-fr re_fw-mi rust_n cap._n 4._o man_n a_o sociable_a creature_n not_o know_v how_o to_o speak_v to_o man_n of_o another_o language_n nor_o to_o they_o that_o be_v absent_a or_o shall_v live_v a_o good_a while_n after_o he_o be_v force_v before_o the_o invention_n of_o letter_n and_o writing_n to_o make_v use_n of_o certain_a figure_n take_v from_o the_o similitude_n of_o divers_a beast_n plant_n and_o other_o artificial_a thing_n and_o so_o do_v we_o find_v that_o the_o industry_n of_o the_o most_o ancient_a time_n express_v the_o inward_a and_o secret_a conceit_n of_o any_o man_n mind_n by_o the_o help_n of_o such_o mark_n diod._n siculus_n speak_v of_o the_o aethiopian_n the_o most_o ancient_a of_o all_o nation_n in_o his_o opinion_n their_o letter_n say_v he_o resemble_v divers_a live_a creature_n as_o also_o extremity_n of_o man_n and_o most_o of_o all_o artificer_n instrument_n for_o their_o word_n be_v not_o express_v by_o the_o composition_n of_o syllable_n and_o letter_n but_o they_o be_v under_o the_o form_n and_o signification_n of_o image_n print_v into_o the_o memory_n of_o man_n by_o use_n corn._n tacitus_n also_o speak_v of_o the_o egyptian_n the_o egyptian_n do_v first_o of_o all_o say_v he_o 14._o he_o aâ—â—â—â—…_n lib_n xi_o cap._n 14._o set_v forth_o the_o meaning_n of_o their_o mind_n by_o figure_n of_o live_a creature_n and_o the_o most_o ancient_a monument_n of_o humane_a memory_n be_v as_o yet_o see_v print_v in_o stone_n after_o such_o a_o manner_n necessity_n do_v also_o drive_v philomela_n to_o express_v by_o a_o weave_a picture_n the_o grievous_a case_n she_o be_v in_o see_v ovid_n lib._n vi_o metam_fw-la as_o also_o ausonius_n epist_n 23._o but_o most_o of_o all_o achilles_n tatius_n philomela_n say_v he_o leucippe_n he_o lib._n v._o the_o amorib_n clitophontis_n &_o leucippe_n find_v out_o a_o silent_a voice_n for_o she_o weave_v a_o long_a vesture_n describe_v therein_o the_o tragical_a fact_n her_o hand_n perform_v the_o office_n of_o her_o tongue_n and_o she_o do_v discover_v unto_o the_o eye_n of_o progne_n thing_n belong_v to_o her_o ear_n tell_v she_o by_o the_o mean_n of_o a_o shuttle_n what_o she_o have_v suffer_v progne_n from_o the_o vesture_n understand_v the_o rape_n it_o seem_v also_o that_o principal_a man_n at_o rome_n upon_o consideration_n of_o this_o necessity_n persuade_v q._n pedius_n to_o practice_v the_o art_n of_o paint_v q._n pedius_n say_v pliny_n 4._o pliny_n lib._n xxxv_o nature_n hist_o cap._n 4._o nephew_n to_o that_o consular_a and_o triumphal_a q._n pedius_n who_o by_o caesar_n the_o dictator_n be_v make_v coheir_n with_o august_n be_v dumb_a by_o nature_n messalla_n the_o orator_n out_o of_o who_o family_n the_o boy_n grandmother_n be_v do_v think_v it_o fit_a to_o have_v he_o teach_v the_o art_n of_o paint_v august_n himself_o be_v also_o of_o that_o opinion_n he_o die_v a_o boy_n have_v profit_v very_o well_o in_o the_o art_n although_o speak_v it_o seem_v but_o a_o slight_a matter_n yet_o be_v well_o consider_v it_o be_v a_o mighty_a thing_n that_o picture_n speak_v the_o language_n of_o all_o man_n whereas_o among_o several_a nation_n there_o be_v such_o a_o wonderful_a diversity_n of_o speak_v that_o a_o foreigner_n do_v hardly_o seem_v a_o man_n unto_o they_o that_o be_v of_o another_o country_n §_o 3._o the_o usual_a way_n of_o science_n give_v we_o also_o a_o evident_a proof_n of_o the_o necessity_n of_o these_o art_n see_v it_o be_v practise_v almost_o in_o all_o art_n and_o science_n that_o the_o clear_a ground_n a_o artist_n be_v able_a to_o propound_v be_v yet_o illustrate_v and_o clear_v by_o picture_n how_o often_o chance_v it_o in_o the_o natural_a science_n that_o when_o word_n come_v short_a a_o little_a picture_n bring_v we_o to_o the_o knowledge_n of_o beast_n bird_n fish_n and_o all_o sort_n of_o vermin_n we_o never_o see_v before_o this_o be_v very_o often_o confess_v by_o aelian_a alibi_fw-la aelian_a lib._n xv._o de_fw-fr animalib_n &_o alibi_fw-la in_o his_o history_n of_o beast_n neither_o may_v we_o
in_o that_o that_o the_o wit_n of_o man_n in_o those_o time_n be_v more_o quick_a and_o fertile_a then_o now_o they_o be_v though_o some_o will_v have_v it_o so_o it_o be_v not_o to_o be_v doubt_v say_v seneca_n 90._o seneca_n epistolâ_fw-la 90._o but_o that_o the_o world_n not_o yet_o decay_v bring_v forth_o better_a thing_n and_o that_o man_n be_v then_o hie-spirited_a as_o be_v a_o fresh_a offspring_n of_o the_o go_n sidonius_n apollinaris_n urge_v the_o same_o after_o a_o more_o peremptory_a manner_n the_o governor_n of_o time_n say_v he_o 6._o he_o lib._n viii_o ep_v 6._o seem_v to_o have_v bestow_v the_o virtue_n of_o art_n most_o of_o all_o upon_o the_o ancient_a generation_n which_o now_o have_v spend_v their_o pith_n and_o marrow_n by_o the_o age_n of_o a_o decay_a world_n bring_v forth_o very_o little_o that_o may_v be_v esteem_v admirable_a and_o memorable_a and_o that_o in_o some_o few_o only_a these_o word_n of_o seneca_n and_o sidonius_n be_v in_o our_o opinion_n somewhat_o too_o harsh_a and_o able_a to_o kill_v the_o generous_a hope_n of_o emulate_v the_o ancient_n the_o word_n of_o the_o rhodian_a ambassador_n be_v less_o partial_a and_o more_o comfortable_a we_o make_v bold_a say_v he_o c._n he_o apud_fw-la liviumli_fw-la xxxvii_o ab_fw-la v._o c._n to_o maintain_v a_o pious_a strife_n with_o our_o ancestor_n about_o every_o good_a art_n and_o virtue_n the_o young_a pliny_n be_v also_o very_o resolute_a in_o this_o point_n i_o be_o one_o of_o they_o say_v he_o 21._o he_o lib._n vi_o ep_v 21._o that_o do_v admire_v the_o ancient_n and_o yet_o can_v i_o not_o find_v in_o my_o heart_n to_o despise_v the_o wit_n of_o our_o age_n as_o some_o use_n to_o do_v for_o nature_n be_v not_o so_o much_o weary_v and_o wear_v out_o that_o she_o shall_v now_o bring_v forth_o no_o praiseworthy_a thing_n see_v also_o tacitus_n lib._n iii._o annal._n cap._n 55._o lactantius_n de_fw-fr orig._n erroris_fw-la cap._n 8._o galenus_n in_o his_o treatise_n that_o a_o good_a physician_n must_v be_v a_o philosopher_n also_o other_o author_n go_v some_o what_o further_a and_o study_v to_o give_v a_o reason_n why_o some_o be_v so_o apt_a to_o embrace_v that_o unprofitable_a opinion_n of_o the_o barrenness_n of_o our_o age_n there_o be_v a_o malicious_a humour_n in_o mankind_n say_v one_o 18._o one_o author_n dialogi_fw-la de_fw-la causis_fw-la cor_fw-la eloquentiae_fw-la cap._n 18._o by_o which_o we_o do_v always_o praise_v thing_n past_a and_o loath_a thing_n present_a paterculus_n come_v near_a when_o he_o say_v histor_n say_v lib._n two_o histor_n natural_o we_o have_v rather_o praise_v thing_n hear_v of_o then_o see_v we_o entertain_v thing_n present_a with_o envy_n thing_n absent_a with_o veneration_n see_v we_o do_v think_v ourselves_o overwhelm_v by_o the_o one_o and_o instruct_v by_o the_o other_o as_o we_o may_v therefore_o upon_o good_a ground_n deny_v the_o wit_n of_o man_n to_o have_v be_v better_a in_o old_a time_n so_o must_v we_o for_o all_o this_o confess_v that_o it_o be_v a_o great_a happiness_n of_o the_o say_v ancient_a time_n that_o virtue_n do_v more_o abound_v in_o they_o then_o in_o the_o latter_a for_o virtue_n be_v then_o more_o frequent_a these_o art_n be_v then_o also_o more_o frequent_o use_v for_o the_o reward_v of_o virtue_n sure_o so_o it_o be_v say_v pliny_n 2._o pliny_n lib._n xxxv_o cap._n 2._o art_n be_v overthrow_v by_o idleness_n and_o because_o there_o be_v no_o image_n of_o our_o mind_n the_o image_n of_o our_o body_n be_v also_o neglect_v §_o 2._o but_o to_o let_v this_o complaint_n alone_o though_o never_o so_o just_a we_o do_v understand_v here_o by_o the_o public_a felicity_n of_o time_n nothing_o else_o but_o that_o stable_a tranquillity_n of_o a_o unshaken_a peace_n the_o ancient_a artificer_n enjoy_v peace_n be_v a_o graceful_a mother_n of_o good_a art_n say_v cassiodorus_n 1._o cassiodorus_n variarum_fw-la lib._n 1._o solinus_n speak_v of_o the_o peaceable_a time_n of_o the_o emperor_n augustus_n these_o time_n be_v most_o not_o able_a say_v he_o polyhist_o he_o cap._n i_o polyhist_o see_v weapon_n cease_v and_o wit_n flourish_v in_o they_o lest_o all_o manner_n of_o virtuous_a work_n shall_v languish_v the_o exercise_n of_o war_n be_v intermit_v the_o fatal_a stir_n of_o kingdom_n and_o republike_n do_v mighty_o dash_v that_o constancy_n of_o our_o mind_n whereby_o art_n be_v bring_v to_o perfection_n and_o how_o be_v it_o possible_a that_o any_o mortal_a man_n shall_v follow_v any_o intend_a work_n quiet_o when_o beside_o the_o present_a calamity_n that_o afflict_v we_o already_o there_o seem_v to_o hang_v more_o grievous_a misfortune_n over_o our_o head_n believe_v i_o say_v ovid_n 12._o ovid_n lib._n iv_o de_fw-fr ponto_n eleg._n 12._o providence_n do_v first_o of_o all_o for_o sake_n wretched_a man_n and_o their_o mean_n fail_v they_o they_o remain_v without_o any_o feeling_n or_o counsel_n the_o secure_a pleasantness_n of_o flourish_a time_n do_v on_o the_o contrary_a feed_n and_o increase_v heat_n of_o emulation_n and_o desire_v of_o glory_n the_o strife_n of_o a_o virtuous_a contention_n and_o the_o earnest_a desire_n of_o glory_n say_v tacitus_n 16._o tacitus_n lib._n xv_o annal._n cap._n 16._o be_v passion_n incident_a only_o to_o such_o man_n as_o live_v in_o prosperity_n diodorus_n siculus_n confirm_v this_o point_n with_o a_o notable_a example_n xerxes_n his_o expedition_n into_o greece_n say_v he_o xii_o he_o lib._n xii_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o wonderful_a greatness_n of_o his_o force_n do_v mighty_o terrify_v the_o grecian_n who_o do_v think_v themselves_o of_o nothing_o so_o sure_a as_o of_o a_o utter_a ruin_n and_o a_o most_o miserable_a slavery_n but_o when_o beyond_o the_o expectation_n of_o all_o man_n there_o be_v make_v a_o fortunate_a end_n of_o the_o war_n the_o greek_a nation_n be_v free_v from_o such_o a_o danger_n obtain_v great_a glory_n yea_o every_o one_o of_o their_o city_n grow_v so_o wealthy_a and_o rich_a that_o all_o the_o world_n do_v wonder_n at_o such_o a_o sudden_a change_n of_o fortune_n for_o greece_n do_v for_o some_o fifty_o year_n after_o that_o time_n prosper_v so_o much_o that_o in_o those_o time_n all_o good_a art_n be_v very_o much_o advance_v by_o reason_n of_o such_o plenty_n of_o riches_n and_o many_o most_o famous_a artificer_n among_o who_o phidias_n be_v one_o do_v augment_v the_o glorious_a esteem_n of_o those_o time_n it_o appertain_v also_o to_o the_o public_a felicity_n of_o the_o time_n when_o whole_a country_n be_v the_o better_a for_o the_o misfortune_n of_o some_o of_o their_o neighbour_n country_n all_o manner_n of_o discipline_n say_v athenaeus_n deipnosoph_n athenaeus_n sub_fw-la finem_fw-la libri_fw-la quarti_fw-la deipnosoph_n be_v renew_v under_o ptolemaeus_n the_o seven_o king_n of_o egypt_n who_o be_v by_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o alexandria_n true_o and_o apt_o call_v cacergetes_n for_o he_o have_v cut_v the_o throat_n of_o many_o inhabitant_n of_o alexandria_n and_o have_v banish_v a_o number_n of_o they_o that_o be_v breed_v with_o his_o brother_n fill_v all_o the_o city_n and_o isle_n with_o grammarian_n philosopher_n geometrician_n musician_n painter_n schoolmaster_n physician_n and_o all_o other_o kind_n of_o artificer_n these_o to_o supply_v their_o want_n teach_v what_o they_o know_v and_o make_v many_o famous_a and_o excellent_a man_n chap._n fourteen_o the_o private_a fortune_n of_o the_o artificer_n themselves_o worthy_o challenge_v the_o last_o place_n see_v the_o divine_a gift_n of_o a_o prone_a and_o capable_a nature_n the_o diligent_a care_n of_o parent_n and_o master_n the_o fear_n of_o wholesome_a law_n the_o earnestness_n of_o emulate_v the_o simplicity_n and_o sweetness_n of_o these_o art_n with_o all_o what_o follow_v do_v as_o yet_o require_v the_o private_a fortune_n of_o the_o artificer_n not_o such_o a_o fortune_n as_o aid_v protogenes_n when_o he_o be_v about_o the_o picture_n of_o his_o dog_n and_o nealces_n when_o he_o be_v about_o the_o picture_n of_o his_o horse_n but_o a_o fortune_n which_o make_v the_o artificer_n her_o only_a darling_n by_o put_v he_o forth_o and_o bring_v he_o acquaint_v with_o king_n and_o prince_n that_o by_o their_o mean_n he_o may_v obtain_v the_o good_a opinion_n of_o the_o world_n the_o time_n wherein_o every_o man_n virtue_n show_v itself_o be_v very_o material_a say_v the_o elder_a pliny_n 28._o pliny_n lib._n vii_o nat_n hist_o cap._n 28._o for_o no_o man_n have_v so_o excellent_a a_o wit_n as_o to_o make_v himself_o immediate_o know_v unless_o he_o meet_v with_o matter_n occasion_n and_o afvourable_a commender_n say_v the_o young_a plin._n lib._n vi_fw-la epist_n 23._o although_o the_o particular_a and_o private_a fortune_n of_o artificer_n carry_v here_o a_o great_a sway_n yet_o do_v we_o not_o think_v that_o their_o whole_a fame_n depend_v mere_o upon_o fortune_n see_v it_o
lib._n two_o cap._n 8._o in_o the_o begin_n of_o that_o chapter_n §_o 15._o magnificence_n do_v show_v itself_o in_o a_o well-conceived_n invention_n and_o there_o be_v add_v a_o wonderful_a great_a authority_n unto_o the_o work_n when_o truth_n occasion_n and_o discretion_n be_v due_o observe_v in_o it_o for_o as_o the_o whole_a art_n of_o paint_v be_v not_o much_o worth_n unless_o it_o be_v accompany_v with_o much_o gravity_n and_o do_v contain_v all_o such_o kind_n of_o thing_n as_o be_v full_a of_o grace_n and_o dignity_n so_o must_v she_o make_v but_o a_o small_a show_n of_o elegancy_n pleasantness_n and_o too_o much_o labour_v gayness_n see_v these_o thing_n do_v leave_v in_o the_o spectator_n a_o strong_a suspicion_n of_o affectation_n which_o do_v rather_o lessen_v than_o augment_v the_o authority_n of_o a_o artificer_n whosoever_o on_o the_o contrary_n be_v unskilful_a and_o unexperienced_a in_o this_o most_o accurate_a art_n the_o same_o do_v nothing_o else_o but_o build_v castle_n in_o the_o air_n for_o fear_n of_o stoop_v to_o the_o ground_n such_o likewise_o as_o do_v mistrust_v their_o own_o wit_n strive_v always_o to_o blow_v and_o to_o lift_v themselves_o up_o even_o as_o weak_a and_o feeble_a person_n use_v to_o be_v extreme_a in_o their_o threaten_n and_o low_a man_n love_v to_o stand_v on_o tiptoe_n though_o now_o a_o man_n upon_o this_o same_o overstrain_v and_o force_v of_o his_o wit_n may_v seem_v sometime_o to_o obtain_v the_o credit_n of_o a_o strong_a invention_n even_o as_o a_o unbroken_a or_o untilled_a ground_n do_v now_o and_o then_o bring_v forth_o goodly_a herb_n yet_o do_v he_o not_o avoid_v the_o great_a danger_n there_o be_v in_o the_o invention_n see_v he_o be_v desperate_a in_o his_o attempt_n from_o whence_o it_o arise_v say_v quintilian_n 12._o quintilian_n lib._n two_o cap._n 12._o that_o he_o who_o do_v nothing_o but_o seek_v what_o be_v excessive_a may_v by_o chance_n light_n upon_o one_o or_o other_o lofty_a conceit_n but_o that_o fall_v out_o very_o seldom_o and_o it_o can_v make_v amends_n for_o many_o other_o fault_n the_o thing_n therefore_o proceed_v from_o such_o a_o vain_a mind_n seem_v rather_o to_o arise_v out_o of_o a_o tumultuous_a distemper_n of_o trouble_a and_o turbulent_a fantasy_n say_v longinus_n 2._o longinus_n de_fw-fr sub_fw-la limb_n oratione_fw-la §_o 2._o then_o to_o be_v handle_v after_o a_o magnificent_a way_n and_o if_o you_o examine_v every_o one_o of_o these_o thing_n in_o a_o true_a light_n what_o even_o now_o be_v terrible_a shall_v by_o little_a and_o little_o grow_v contemptible_a so_o be_v it_o then_o much_o better_a forthwith_o to_o look_v for_o a_o remedy_n and_o not_o to_o suffer_v that_o our_o mind_n aspire_v to_o great_a matter_n shall_v entertain_v frivolous_a and_o ridiculous_o swell_a conceit_n in_o stead_n of_o a_o serious_a &_o haughty_a invention_n and_o every_o artificer_n must_v know_v that_o as_o our_o cattle_n be_v too_o full_a of_o grass_n be_v cure_v by_o let_v blood_n say_v quintilian_n 10_o quintilian_n li._n ii_o c._n 10_o and_o so_o return_v to_o such_o fodder_n as_o may_v be_v most_o proper_a for_o the_o preservation_n of_o their_o strength_n that_o he_o likewise_o must_v lose_v some_o grease_n and_o part_n with_o his_o gross_a humour_n if_o ever_o he_o mean_v to_o be_v healthful_a and_o strong_a otherwise_o that_o same_o vain_a swell_a will_v betray_v itself_o upon_o the_o first_o attempt_n of_o any_o true_a work_n to_o the_o end_n than_o that_o we_o shall_v not_o mistake_v it_o be_v worth_a our_o labour_n to_o observe_v out_o of_o longinus_n a_o infallible_a mark_n of_o true_a magnificence_n that_o be_v great_a indeed_o say_v he_o 5._o he_o de_fw-fr sublimi_fw-la orat_fw-la §_o 5._o which_o do_v still_o return_v into_o our_o thought_n which_o we_o can_v hardly_o or_o rather_o not_o at_o all_o put_v out_o of_o our_o mind_n but_o the_o memory_n of_o it_o stick_v close_o in_o we_o and_o will_v not_o be_v rub_v out_o esteem_v that_o also_o to_o be_v a_o most_o excellent_a and_o true_a magnificence_n which_o be_v like_v always_o and_o by_o all_o man_n for_o when_o all_o such_o man_n as_o differ_v in_o their_o study_n course_n of_o life_n purpose_n and_o age_n do_v all_o agree_v in_o their_o opinion_n about_o one_o and_o the_o same_o thing_n the_o judgement_n and_o approbation_n of_o so_o many_o diverse_o mind_a folk_n must_v needs_o gain_v a_o constant_a and_o certain_a estimation_n of_o the_o thing_n so_o much_o admire_v the_o young_a pliny_n be_v likewise_o persuade_v to_o hope_v well_o of_o the_o durableness_n of_o his_o work_n when_o he_o find_v that_o all_o man_n general_o in_o all_o place_n do_v speak_v well_o of_o his_o writing_n it_o please_v i_o well_o say_v he_o 11._o he_o li._n ix_o ep_v 11._o that_o my_o book_n keep_v the_o same_o favour_n far_o from_o home_n which_o they_o have_v get_v in_o the_o city_n and_o i_o begin_v to_o think_v they_o complete_a enough_o see_v several_a judgement_n in_o such_o diversity_n of_o country_n judge_n alike_o of_o they_o the_o reason_n now_o why_o artificer_n be_v more_o or_o less_o addict_v to_o follow_v this_o same_o magnificent_a way_n of_o art_n proceed_v either_o out_o of_o their_o own_o natural_a inclination_n or_o else_o out_o of_o a_o purpose_a resolution_n agree_v with_o their_o nature_n magnificent_a thought_n come_v by_o nature_n and_o can_v be_v teach_v say_v longinus_n 2._o longinus_n de_fw-fr sublimi_fw-la orat_fw-la §_o 2._o yea_o the_o only_a art_n to_o attain_v unto_o the_o same_o be_v that_o nature_n shall_v fit_v we_o to_o high_a conceit_a and_o lofty_a thing_n and_o again_o §_o 7_o great_a mind_a man_n be_v most_o of_o all_o give_v to_o entertain_v stately_a conceit_n it_o be_v then_o require_v here_o that_o a_o artificer_n be_v of_o a_o magnanimous_a nature_n if_o not_o that_o he_o do_v at_o least_o with_o a_o purpose_a resolution_n follow_v after_o grave_n and_o marvellous_a thing_n say_v diony_n halicarnass_n isocr_n halicarnass_n in_o isocr_n it_o seem_v that_o nature_n do_v dispose_v nicophanes_n to_o a_o high_a strain_n of_o invention_n nicophanes_n be_v gallant_a and_o neat_a say_v pliny_n 10._o pliny_n li._n xxxv_o cap._n 10._o so_o that_o he_o do_v paint_v ancient_a work_n for_o the_o eternity_n of_o thing_n he_o have_v a_o most_o forward_a mind_n and_o there_o be_v very_o few_o like_o he_o he_o be_v most_o commend_v for_o the_o gorgeousness_n and_o gravity_n of_o his_o art_n pyreicus_n may_v likewise_o have_v go_v a_o great_a deal_n high_o if_o his_o intent_n have_v not_o be_v bend_v another_o way_n pyreicus_n be_v in_o his_o art_n inferior_a to_o none_o say_v pliny_n 10._o pliny_n li._n xxxv_o cap._n 10._o but_o i_o do_v not_o know_v whether_o he_o spoil_v himself_o by_o a_o purpose_a resolution_n and_o though_o he_o do_v delight_n in_o mean_a thing_n yet_o do_v he_o deserve_v in_o they_o the_o great_a praise_n he_o paint_a barber_n and_o cobbler_n shop_n ass_n all_o manner_n of_o victual_n and_o such_o like_a thing_n wherefore_o he_o be_v call_v rhyparographus_n these_o work_n of_o his_o be_v wonderful_a pleasant_a sell_v better_a than_o the_o brave_a piece_n of_o other_o master_n such_o artificer_n therefore_o as_o long_o to_o gain_v a_o everlasting_a fame_n must_v needs_o be_v of_o a_o exceed_a great_a spirit_n or_o at_o least_o upon_o all_o occasion_n entertain_v great_a thought_n and_o stately_a imagination_n but_o see_v our_o mind_n can_v well_o give_v itself_o to_o this_o practice_n unless_o it_o be_v thorough_o free_v from_o all_o manner_n of_o sorbid_v and_o abject_a care_n it_o be_v altogether_o requisite_a that_o we_o shall_v banish_v the_o ordinary_a and_o most_o cumbersome_a trouble_n about_o the_o necessity_n of_o our_o wretched_a life_n a_o cheerful_a mind_n pour_v forth_o a_o witty_a invention_n say_v cassiodorus_n in_o praefat_fw-la libri_fw-la undecimi_fw-la variarum_fw-la it_o be_v impossible_a that_o those_o say_v longinus_n 7._o longinus_n de_fw-fr sublimi_fw-la orat_fw-la §_o 7._o who_o busy_a the_o thought_n and_o study_n of_o their_o whole_a life_n about_o vile_a and_o servile_a matter_n shall_v bring_v forth_o any_o thing_n that_o may_v deserve_v the_o admiration_n of_o all_o age_n see_v juvenal_n sat._n 6._o and_o t._n calphurnius_fw-la siculus_n eclog._n four_o protogenes_n be_v fain_o to_o wrestle_v a_o great_a while_n with_o want_n and_o poverty_n ere_o that_o he_o can_v put_v himself_o forth_o and_o undertake_v great_a matter_n he_o be_v very_o poor_a at_o the_o beginning_n say_v pliny_n 10._o pliny_n lib._n xxxv_o cap._n 10._o and_o follow_v his_o art_n with_o great_a earnestness_n which_o be_v the_o reason_n that_o he_o be_v less_o fertile_a some_o do_v think_v that_o he_o paint_a ship_n till_o he_o be_v fifty_o year_n of_o age_n whosoever_o therefore_o will_v willing_o meet_v with_o excellent_a and_o notable_a invention_n
how_o to_o apply_v they_o seasonable_o and_o how_o to_o shadow_v the_o work_n convenient_o which_o can_v be_v perform_v unless_o there_o be_v prepare_v a_o good_a board_n or_o else_o a_o fit_a linen_n clothe_v for_o his_o work_n of_o what_o wood_n the_o board_n use_v by_o the_o ancient_a painter_n be_v make_v be_v set_v down_o in_o pliny_n lib._n xuj_o nat._n hist_o cap._n 39_o about_o the_o begin_n of_o that_o chapter_n theophra_v likewise_o hist_o plant_v lib._n 3._o cap._n 10._o and_o lib._n v._o cap._n 8._o reckon_v up_o what_o sort_n of_o wood_n do_v serve_v they_o for_o that_o use_n but_o as_o they_o make_v always_o choice_a of_o the_o wood_n they_o know_v most_o proper_a for_o their_o work_n so_o do_v joannes_n grammaticus_n likewise_o teach_v we_o that_o a_o artificer_n be_v to_o make_v good_a choice_n of_o the_o cloth_n he_o mean_v to_o paint_v on_o a_o writer_n purpose_v to_o write_v well_o say_v he_o auscult_a he_o in_o aristot_n lib._n ii_o nat_n auscult_a do_v sometime_o come_v short_a of_o his_o intent_n if_o he_o meet_v with_o sink_v and_o blot_v paper_n or_o else_o with_o bad_a ink_n this_o be_v also_o a_o painter_n case_n when_o the_o colour_n or_o the_o cloth_n hepaint_v on_o be_v unfit_a for_o his_o work_n §_o 4._o after_o that_o there_o be_v good_a colour_n and_o a_o fit_a board_n or_o cloth_n prepare_v for_o the_o work_n it_o follow_v that_o a_o artificer_n as_o the_o occasion_n shall_v require_v observe_v these_o four_o thing_n light_n shadow_n obscurity_n brightness_n as_o plutarch_n join_v they_o all_o four_o very_o fit_o together_o painter_n cause_n lightsome_a and_o bright_a thing_n seem_v more_o light_a some_o and_o bright_a say_v he_o amici_n he_o de_fw-fr discrim_n adulator_n &_o amici_n when_o they_o do_v place_n shady_a and_o darksome_a thing_n near_o they_o this_o practice_n of_o they_o be_v a_o great_a help_n for_o the_o eye_n our_o eye_n delight_v most_o in_o the_o bright_a colour_n say_v maximus_n tyrius_n xxxv_o tyrius_n dissertat_fw-la xxxv_o yet_o shall_v this_o pleasure_n be_v lessen_v very_o much_o if_o you_o do_v not_o put_v some_o brown_a colour_n near_o it_o yea_o it_o do_v help_v the_o beauty_n of_o the_o picture_n the_o most_o contrary_a colour_n agree_v very_o well_o about_o the_o composition_n of_o a_o excellent_a beauty_n say_v philostratus_n centaur_n philostratus_n icon._n li._n ii_o in_o centaur_n for_o this_o reason_n also_o be_v a_o black_a picture_n make_v upon_o a_o white_a ground_n say_v joannes_n grammaticus_n arist_n grammaticus_n in_o li._n i._n meteor_n arist_n as_o a_o white_a or_o golden_a picture_n on_o the_o contrary_a be_v make_v upon_o a_o black_a ground_n it_o be_v ever_o so_o that_o contrary_a thing_n be_v more_o apparent_a be_v place_v near_o their_o contrary_n whereas_o it_o be_v hard_o to_o discern_v thing_n like_a place_v among_o thing_n of_o the_o same_o likeness_n even_o as_o if_o you_o do_v paint_v white_a upon_o a_o white_a and_o black_a upon_o a_o black_a ground_n whence_o it_o be_v that_o such_o as_o wear_v black_a clothes_n can_v so_o well_o be_v discern_v in_o the_o night_n time_n as_o other_o that_o wear_v white_a clothes_n those_o likewise_o who_o do_v wear_v white_a clothes_n in_o the_o day_n time_n but_o especial_o in_o a_o clear_a sunshine_n can_v be_v know_v so_o distinct_o §_o 5._o light_n be_v altogether_o requisite_a in_o picture_n see_v there_o can_v be_v no_o shadow_n without_o it_o tertullian_n hermog_n tertullian_n advers._fw-la hermog_n therefore_o make_v it_o a_o assure_a mark_n of_o a_o poor_a and_o blockish_a painter_n to_o colour_v the_o shadow_n altogether_o without_o any_o light_n at_o the_o first_o before_o the_o art_n be_v raise_v to_o that_o height_n we_o do_v now_o admire_v in_o the_o ancient_n there_o be_v none_o but_o single_a colour_a picture_n call_v monochromata_n till_o the_o art_n at_o length_n distinguish_v herself_o say_v pliny_n 5._o pliny_n lib._n xxxv_o cap._n 5._o find_v out_o light_a and_o shadow_n the_o difference_n of_o colour_n by_o a_o mutual_a course_n set_v forth_o each_o other_o light_a somenesse_n §_o 6._o shadow_n and_o light_n hold_v so_o close_o together_o that_o the_o one_o can_v subsist_v without_o the_o other_o light_n be_v most_o of_o all_o commend_v in_o a_o picture_n by_o the_o shadow_n say_v the_o young_a pliny_n 13._o pliny_n lib._n iii._o epist_n 13._o hence_o it_o be_v also_o that_o those_o who_o paint_v with_o single_a colour_n make_v always_o some_o thing_n rise_v and_o some_o fall_n else_o they_o can_v never_o have_v give_v unto_o every_o member_n his_o proper_a line_n say_v quintilian_n lib._n 11._o orat._n instit_fw-la cap._n 3._o artificer_n therefore_o use_v always_o to_o add_v unto_o their_o work_n some_o shadow_n and_o deepning_n that_o those_o thing_n which_o be_v enlighten_v in_o their_o picture_n may_v seem_v to_o stick_v out_o the_o more_o and_o to_o meet_v the_o eye_n of_o the_o beholder_n let_v upon_o the_o same_o superficial_a breadth_n of_o any_o flat_a board_n two_o parallel_a line_n be_v draw_v say_v diony_n longinus_n 15._o longinus_n de_fw-fr sublini_fw-la orat_fw-la §_o 15._o with_o the_o colour_n of_o shadow_n and_o light_n yet_o shall_v the_o ardent_a flagrancie_n of_o light_n soon_o of_o all_o meet_a with_o our_o eye_n and_o seem_v a_o great_a deal_n near_o nicias_n the_o athenian_a do_v most_o accurate_o observe_v light_n and_o shadow_n take_v always_o special_a care_n that_o his_o picture_n shall_v bear_v outward_o from_o the_o board_n pliny_n xxxv_o 11._o zeuxis_n polygnotus_n and_o euphranor_n study_v very_o much_o to_o have_v their_o picture_n commend_v for_o shadow_v and_o breathe_v as_o also_o for_o rise_v and_o fall_v philostr_n lib._n two_o de_fw-fr vita_fw-la apollonii_fw-la cap._n 9_o apelles_n paint_a alexander_n as_o he_o hold_v lightning_n in_o his_o hand_n his_o finger_n seem_v to_o bear_v outward_o and_o the_o lightning_n seem_v to_o stand_v off_o from_o the_o board_n pliny_n xxxv_o 10._o philostratus_n observe_v the_o same_o in_o the_o picture_n of_o a_o ivory_n venus_n the_o goddess_n will_v not_o seem_v to_o be_v paint_v say_v he_o ii_o he_o icon._n li._n ii_o she_o stick_v out_o so_o much_o as_o to_o make_v one_o think_v that_o it_o be_v a_o easy_a matter_n to_o take_v hold_n of_o she_o pausias_n be_v the_o first_o who_o find_v out_o a_o picture_n which_o many_o afterward_o imitate_v none_o can_v attain_v unto_o first_o when_o he_o will_v show_v the_o length_n of_o a_o ox_n he_o paint_v he_o stand_v full_a opposite_a against_o we_o say_v pliny_n 11._o pliny_n lib._n xxxv_o cap._n 11._o and_o not_o sidelong_v make_v his_o length_n nevertheless_o to_o be_v sufficient_o understand_v afterward_o where_o all_o other_o do_v heighten_v the_o part_n which_o be_v to_o rise_v with_o white_z temper_v the_o colour_n with_o some_o mixture_n of_o black_a he_o make_v the_o whole_a ox_n of_o a_o black_a colour_n and_o give_v the_o shadow_n a_o body_n out_o of_o itself_o show_v by_o a_o most_o wonderful_a art_n rise_n in_o smoothness_n and_o continuitie_n in_o abruptness_n as_o this_o be_v questionless_a a_o excellent_a piece_n of_o rare_a workmanship_n so_o be_v we_o for_o all_o that_o to_o observe_v here_o that_o a_o artificer_n show_v his_o great_a skill_n in_o the_o picture_n of_o fit_a figure_n those_o that_o do_v sit_v say_v philostratus_n palaest_n philostratus_n icon_n li._n ii_o in_o palaest_n have_v many_o shadow_n and_o it_o do_v bewray_v singular_a great_a wisdom_n in_o the_o painter_n that_o he_o make_v the_o maid_n sit_v the_o same_o author_n express_v this_o very_a same_o point_n more_o at_o large_a in_o another_o place_n it_o be_v easy_a to_o hit_v the_o shadow_n of_o they_o that_o lie_v down_o say_v he_o antlante_n he_o ibid._n in_o antlante_n or_o stand_v upright_o and_o it_o require_v small_a wisdom_n to_o do_v it_o accurate_o but_o the_o shadow_n of_o atlas_n go_v beyond_o all_o art_n for_o the_o shadow_n of_o he_o that_o stoop_v after_o this_o manner_n though_o they_o fall_v one_o into_o another_o yet_o do_v they_o not_o darken_v any_o of_o these_o thing_n that_o shall_v rise_v but_o cause_n some_o light_n about_o the_o hollowness_n of_o his_o belly_n §_o 7._o obscurity_n or_o darkness_n seem_v to_o be_v nothing_o else_o but_o the_o duskishnes_n of_o a_o deep_a shadow_n even_o as_o brightness_n may_v be_v say_v to_o be_v nothing_o else_o but_o a_o intention_n of_o light_n for_o if_o you_o do_v put_v white_a and_o black_a upon_o the_o same_o superficial_a breadth_n say_v jo._n grammaticus_n aristot_n grammaticus_n in_o lib._n i._n meteor_n aristot_n the_o white_a shall_v always_o seem_v to_o be_v near_o and_o the_o black_a further_o off_o the_o painter_n therefore_o know_v this_o when_o they_o will_v make_v any_o thing_n seem_v hollow_a as_o a_o well_o a_o cistern_n a_o ditch_n a_o cave_n or_o any_o such_o