it_o follow_v that_o the_o whole_a action_n of_o the_o ray_n upon_o a_o plane_n be_v as_o the_o square_n of_o the_o sine_fw-la of_o the_o sun_n altitude_n on_o the_o plane_n and_o the_o time_n that_o action_n last_v joint_o neglect_v the_o effect_n of_o the_o atmosphere_n let_v now_o the_o whole_a perpendicular_a force_n of_o the_o sun_n upon_o a_o plane_n direct_o expose_v to_o it_o be_v express_v by_o the_o radius_fw-la ce_fw-fr which_o be_v unity_n divide_v into_o 10000_o part_n the_o force_n of_o the_o sun_n at_o the_o meridian_n in_o t_o upon_o the_o wall_n c_o i_o will_v be_v as_o the_o square_n of_o the_o sine_fw-la ti_fw-mi that_o be_v suppose_v still_a ce_fw-fr for_o unity_n as_o the_o line_n tu_fw-la equal_a to_o 8410_o part_n which_o i_o take_v upon_o the_o cylindrical_a surface_n northward_o now_o from_o the_o vertex_fw-la i_o upon_o the_o axis_n ip_n i_o draw_v through_o the_o point_n v_o the_o parabola_fw-la inu._n and_o the_o line_n or_o ordinates_n as_o tu_fw-la mn_v &c_n &c_n draw_v parallel_n to_o the_o axis_n ip_n from_o any_o point_n as_o t_n or_o m_o in_o the_o line_n it_o till_o they_o meet_v the_o parabola_fw-la iv_o express_v by_o their_o length_n tu_fw-la mn_v the_o action_n of_o the_o sun_n in_o the_o tropic_a in_o t_n or_o m_o &c_n &c_n upon_o the_o slope_v wall_n ci._n the_o sum_n of_o all_o those_o line_n till_o noon_n be_v the_o cylindrical_a surface_n itvi_n which_o give_v the_o whole_a heat_n of_o the_o morning_n sun_n upon_o the_o slope_v wall_n ci_o seclude_v as_o before_o the_o effect_n of_o the_o atmosphere_n now_o from_o the_o point_n t_o drawing_z a_o parallel_n to_o the_o horizon_n till_o it_o meet_v with_o the_o line_n cmm_o make_v the_o line_n tl_n opposite_a to_o tu_fw-la equal_a to_o the_o square_n of_o that_o parallel_n suppose_v still_o unity_n to_o be_v express_v by_o ce._n and_o in_o our_o example_n you_o will_v find_v tl_n equal_a to_o 2350_o part_n draw_v the_o parabola_fw-la ml_o of_o which_o m_n be_v the_o vertex_fw-la mt_n the_o tangent_fw-la at_o the_o vertex_fw-la and_o l_o a_o point_n through_o which_o that_o parabola_fw-la pass_n the_o ordinates_n such_o as_o tl_n will_v give_v for_o every_o correspondent_a point_n of_o the_o circle_n tm_n the_o action_n of_o the_o sun_n upon_o the_o perpendicular_a wall_n cm._n and_o the_o cylindrical_a surface_n mtlm_n will_v give_v the_o whole_a heat_n of_o the_o morning_n sun_n upon_o that_o perpendicular_a wall_n except_v only_o the_o effect_n of_o the_o atmosphere_n make_v the_o point_n m_o the_o vertex_fw-la of_o another_o parabola_fw-la of_o which_o mt_n be_v the_o tangent_fw-la at_o the_o vertex_fw-la and_o five_o a_o point_n through_o which_o the_o say_v parabola_fw-la pass_n it_o be_v evident_a that_o the_o cylindrical_a space_n mtv_n mtl_n be_v to_o one_o another_o as_o tu_fw-la to_o tl_n that_o be_v as_o 8410_o to_o 2350_o or_o as_o 3_o ⌊_o 58_o to_o 1._o and_o that_o proportion_n obtain_v for_o every_o point_n in_o the_o arc_n mt_n it_o be_v clear_v the_o heat_n arise_v from_o thence_o keep_v that_o very_a proportion_n upon_o the_o wall_n notwithstanding_o any_o variety_n you_o may_v suppose_v in_o the_o thickness_n and_o effect_n of_o the_o air_n through_o which_o the_o light_n be_v to_o come_v from_o different_a altitude_n but_o there_o be_v yet_o all_o the_o heat_v express_v by_o the_o cylindrical_a surface_n mvi_o to_o be_v account_v for_o the_o proportion_n between_o the_o arcs_fw-la tm_n ti_fw-mi will_v be_v find_v by_o the_o help_n of_o their_o verse_v sin_n to_o be_v as_o 100_o to_o 127_o ⌊_o 6._o and_o the_o proportion_n between_o the_o very_a small_a arcs_fw-la tm_fw-la ti_fw-mi will_v be_v find_v as_o 100_o to_o 122½_n which_o depend_v upon_o the_o proportion_n of_o the_o line_n tm_n to_o ti_fw-mi be_v as_o tm_n be_v to_o ti_fw-mi and_o if_o upon_o tu_fw-la you_o take_v the_o point_n τ_n which_o be_v three_o time_n far_o from_o five_o than_o from_o t_n and_o through_o that_o point_n you_o conceive_v the_o circle_n τμι_n parallel_v to_o tmi_n and_o meet_v the_o two_o parabolas_fw-la in_o μ_n and_o ι_n you_o will_v find_v the_o proportion_n between_o the_o arcs_fw-la τμ_n and_o τι_n as_o 100_o to_o 124½_n so_o than_o one_o can_v err_v sensible_o with_o suppose_v the_o whole_a cylindrical_a space_n mtum_n to_o the_o cylindrical_a space_n itvi_n as_o 100_o to_o 125_o or_o thereabouts_o that_o be_v as_o 8410_o to_o 10512_o which_o stand_v for_o the_o cylindrical_a space_n itv_n suppose_v the_o cylindrical_a space_n mtl_n mtv_n to_o be_v 2350_o and_o 8410._o and_o the_o number_n 10512_o be_v divide_v by_o 2350_o you_o find_v the_o cylindrical_a space_n mtl_n to_o the_o cylindrical_a space_n itv_n as_o 1_o to_o 4_o ⌊_o 47._o but_o this_o number_n be_v to_o be_v something_o diminish_v because_o of_o the_o different_a transparency_n of_o the_o air_n for_o different_a altitude_n imn_n be_v very_o considerable_o less_o than_o the_o 1_o 27_o of_o the_o cylindrical_a space_n itv_n and_o it_o be_v upon_o imn_n and_o the_o neighbour_a part_n that_o the_o great_a diminution_n of_o the_o heat_n of_o the_o sun_n do_v fall_v from_o whence_o it_o appear_v that_o the_o say_a diminution_n can_v be_v very_o great_a especial_o in_o our_o present_a inquiry_n not_o the_o whole_a diminution_n of_o the_o sun_n heat_n be_v to_o be_v account_v for_o but_o the_o diminution_n or_o difference_n only_o from_o what_o the_o heat_n of_o the_o sun_n be_v when_o as_o high_a as_o in_o t._n however_o the_o number_n 3_o ⌊_o 58_o be_v certain_o too_o small_a it_o and_o the_o number_n 4_o ⌊_o 47_o certain_o too_o great_a to_o express_v the_o whole_a heat_n upon_o the_o slope_v wall_n it_o can_v but_o be_v pretty_a near_o 4_o time_n as_o great_a as_o the_o heat_n upon_o the_o perpendicular_a wall_n the_o middle_a number_n between_o those_o be_v 4_o ⌊_o 02._o this_o method_n which_o be_v clear_a and_o easy_a be_v sufficient_o exact_a for_o our_o purpose_n and_o it_o can_v be_v easy_o transfer_v to_o other_o latitude_n and_o to_o the_o case_n where_o the_o wall_n be_v more_o or_o less_o slope_v not_o to_o mention_v those_o where_o the_o wall_n have_v indifferent_o any_o other_o exposition_n thus_o if_o we_o leave_v the_o latitude_n of_o 52½_n degree_n 51½_n which_o be_v about_o the_o middle_n of_o england_n and_o holland_n and_o make_v the_o like_a calculation_n for_o the_o latitude_n of_o london_n lt_n will_v become_v 2204_o tu_fw-la will_v remain_v 8410._o the_o space_n mtl_n will_v be_v to_o the_o space_n mtv_n as_o 2204_o to_o 8410_o or_o as_o 1_o to_o 3_o ⌊_o 82._o the_o arc_n τμ_n will_v be_v 47°_n 38′_n τι_n be_v of_o 60_o degree_n as_o it_o be_v before_o now_o as_o 47°_n 38′_n to_o 60°_n so_o be_v 8410_o to_o 10593_o which_o come_v for_o the_o space_n itv_n and_o divide_v 10595_o by_o 2204_o the_o quotient_n be_v 4_o ⌊_o 81_o which_o be_v too_o great_a to_o express_v the_o heat_n upon_o the_o slope_v wall_n as_o 3_o ⌊_o 82_o be_v too_o little_a the_o middle_a number_n be_v 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equal_a for_o both_o the_o perpendicular_a and_o slope_v wall_n climate_n till_o the_o sun_n have_v get_v a_o considerable_a south_n latitude_n by_o this_o it_o appear_v that_o our_o wall_n be_v not_o only_o good_a for_o the_o climate_n of_o cold_a country_n but_o that_o they_o will_v have_v the_o great_a effect_v far_o from_o the_o pole_n in_o england_n and_o holland_n and_o all_o the_o north_n they_o be_v almost_o necessary_a because_o without_o they_o fruit_n can_v hardly_o be_v very_o good_a in_o france_n &c_n &c_n they_o can_v fail_v of_o produce_v most_o excellent_a fruit_n of_o the_o kind_n that_n require_v a_o great_a deal_n of_o heat_n they_o be_v able_a there_o to_o outdo_v so_o much_o ordinary_a south_n wall_n than_o which_o confess_o there_o
these_o exposition_n and_o to_o dispose_v his_o ground_n by_o terrace_n one_o above_o another_o so_o that_o in_o the_o latitude_n of_o london_n the_o slope_v of_o the_o terrace_n be_v elevate_v upon_o the_o horizon_n for_o the_o south_n wall_n neither_o less_o than_o 36_o nor_o more_o than_o 52_o degree_n i._n see_v the_o figure_n i_o where_o the_o section_n of_o those_o terrace_n be_v represent_v in_o two_o several_a place_n to_o the_o eye_n and_o here_o you_o may_v take_v notice_n that_o if_o the_o ground_n be_v not_o very_o steep_a the_o less_o the_o slope_v wall_n be_v elevate_v upon_o the_o horizon_n the_o less_o room_n all_o thing_n be_v alike_o each_o terrasse_n will_v take_v and_o the_o less_o charge_n will_v be_v require_v in_o the_o make_n of_o these_o terrace_n a_o sufficient_a quantity_n of_o the_o good_a earth_n must_v be_v careful_o gather_v along_o the_o ridge_n of_o each_o walk_n there_o to_o receive_v and_o nourish_v the_o root_n of_o our_o tree_n neither_o be_v it_o necessary_a to_o be_v very_o curious_a in_o keep_v your_o terrace_n or_o slope_v ground_n straight_o and_o parallel_v but_o you_o may_v follow_v the_o wind_a of_o the_o hill_n provide_v it_o keep_v within_o the_o extent_n of_o good_a exposition_n and_o take_v every_o where_o so_o much_o breadth_n as_o dos_n most_o convenient_o give_v your_o terrace_n the_o height_n you_o require_v thus_o the_o expense_n will_v not_o be_v considerable_a and_o even_o the_o plain_a country_n man_n may_v not_o think_v it_o above_o his_o power_n especial_o if_o he_o do_v his_o work_n by_o part_n and_o in_o several_a year_n and_o i_o be_o much_o mistake_v if_o even_o those_o irregular_a terrace_n do_v not_o prove_v very_o pleasant_a and_o entertain_v to_o the_o eye_n reason_n a_o late_a ingenious_a account_n of_o china_n tell_v we_o how_o agreeable_a the_o prospect_n of_o their_o hill_n be_v which_o the_o country_n man_n divide_v into_o several_a level_n part_v by_o a_o slope_v ground_n between_o all_o this_o trouble_n be_v take_v in_o that_o industrious_a country_n in_o order_n to_o keep_v the_o rain_n from_o run_v off_o their_o field_n but_o here_o we_o shall_v have_v probable_o more_o occasion_n to_o think_v how_o we_o may_v not_o be_v trouble_v with_o too_o much_o water_n and_o how_o that_o of_o the_o upper_a terrace_n may_v be_v prevent_v from_o fall_v into_o the_o low_a one_o which_o be_v always_o easy_a to_o be_v do_v and_o the_o remedy_n depend_v in_o a_o great_a measure_n upon_o the_o extent_n of_o the_o ground_n i_o must_v here_o forbear_v any_o far_a discourse_n thus_o have_v i_o bring_v our_o theory_n to_o some_o consistence_n and_o show_v how_o it_o may_v easy_o be_v reduce_v to_o practice_n i._n but_o while_o the_o first_o figure_n be_v under_o our_o eye_n advantage_n i_o can_v but_o observe_v that_o instead_o of_o look_v with_o other_o upon_o a_o great_a declivity_n towards_o the_o south_n as_o a_o considerable_a inconveniency_n in_o the_o ground_n for_o a_o great_a garden_n i_o shall_v rather_o admire_v it_o for_o the_o multitude_n of_o slope_v wall_n well_o expose_v it_o will_v afford_v from_o place_n to_o place_n beside_o the_o pleasantness_n of_o many_o wall_n breast_n high_a and_o of_o a_o good_a prospect_n abroad_o and_o as_o to_o the_o shade_n for_o walk_n one_o may_v have_v it_o at_o the_o top_n of_o all_o from_o some_o row_n of_o tree_n i_o will_v here_o add_v some_o reflection_n i_o choose_v among_o a_o great_a many_o by_o which_o we_o may_v far_o compare_v incline_v wall_n with_o perpendicular_a one_o for_o i_o shall_v swell_v this_o to_o a_o unreasonable_a bulk_n shall_v i_o speak_v of_o all_o the_o calculation_n i_o have_v make_v relate_v to_o this_o matter_n exposition_n i_o shall_v only_o then_o observe_v that_o from_o the_o equator_fw-la to_o the_o very_a pole_n that_o be_v in_o the_o whole_a terrestrial_a globe_n i_o find_v not_o one_o place_n and_o not_o one_o exposition_n whatsoever_o in_o which_o a_o perpendicular_a wall_n be_v so_o hot_a as_o a_o wall_n slope_v to_o a_o proper_a degree_n for_o the_o exposition_n wall_n and_o whereas_o the_o north_n exposition_n be_v utter_o naught_o in_o our_o ordinary_a manner_n of_o build_v perpendicular_a wall_n if_o in_o the_o latitude_n of_o 51½_n degree_n a_o north_n wall_n be_v elevate_v only_a 38½_n degree_n upon_o the_o horizon_n it_o will_v enjoy_v the_o sun_n tho'_o much_o slope_v for_o every_o minute_n it_o can_v shine_v in_o the_o whole_a half_a year_n from_o the_o spring_n equinox_n to_o the_o autumn_n equinox_n but_o during_o the_o two_o month_n and_o three_o day_n about_o the_o summer_n solstice_n it_o will_v enjoy_v the_o sun_n with_o a_o elevation_n or_o inclination_n ever_o great_a than_o of_o 20_o degree_n which_o give_v more_o than_o the_o nine_o part_n of_o the_o full_a action_n of_o the_o sun_n and_o for_o aught_o i_o see_v that_o may_v be_v near_o as_o much_o as_o our_o ordinary_a south_n wall_n do_v then_o receive_v this_o may_v serve_v for_o the_o summer_n fruit_n that_o be_v ripe_a about_o the_o end_n of_o july_n and_o for_o raise_v of_o pease_n etc._n etc._n for_o tho'_o one_o will_v not_o choose_v to_o build_v such_o a_o wall_n without_o some_o necessity_n or_o some_o other_o considerable_a advantage_n yet_o have_v it_o at_o hand_n one_o will_v not_o leave_v it_o without_o use_n the_o north_n exposition_n do_v mend_v very_o fast_o as_o the_o country_n lie_v more_o southerly_a and_o above_o all_o other_o it_o do_v require_v in_o temperate_a country_n on_o this_o side_n the_o equator_fw-la wall_n with_o a_o very_a small_a elevation_n such_o as_o 25_o or_o 30_o or_o 35_o degree_n so_o then_o we_o find_v that_o even_o the_o very_o worst_a of_o perpendicular_a wall_n may_v become_v tolerable_o good_a if_o they_o be_v make_v slope_v it_o will_v appear_v by_o the_o sequel_n of_o this_o discourse_n how_o many_o advantage_n beside_o the_o bare_a increase_n of_o heat_n do_v follow_v our_o build_n of_o slope_v wall_n but_o one_o of_o they_o lie_v already_o too_o obvious_a not_o to_o be_v speak_v of_o here_o i_o say_v then_o that_o this_o contrivance_n seem_v to_o be_v of_o a_o extraordinary_a consequence_n ripe_a for_o the_o raise_n of_o all_o sort_n of_o fruit_n something_o early_o than_o we_o use_v to_o have_v they_o and_o for_o their_o perfect_a ripen_n and_o that_o it_o may_v prevent_v some_o of_o those_o that_o be_v fond_a of_o fruit_n from_o fall_v into_o the_o disease_n that_o usual_o follow_v the_o eat_a fruit_n not_o thorough_o ripe_a i_o expect_v from_o these_o wall_n such_o melon_n and_o fig_n and_o grape_n as_o i_o think_v have_v never_o be_v see_v in_o this_o country_n i_o forbear_v speak_v of_o other_o fruit_n but_o shall_v only_o say_v that_o if_o we_o have_v once_o some_o excellent_a kind_n of_o tree_n raise_v by_o this_o method_n we_o may_v not_o need_v to_o send_v for_o new_a graff_n again_o to_o france_n and_o if_o the_o summer_n be_v extraordinary_a wet_a and_o cloudy_a our_o slope_v south_n wall_n shall_v bring_v forth_o but_o indifferent_a fruit_n yet_o even_o then_o those_o fruit_n will_v be_v more_o tolerable_a than_o such_o as_o we_o gather_v from_o our_o ordinary_a wall_n but_o all_o this_o will_v become_v more_o evident_a when_o the_o principle_n i_o build_v upon_o shall_v be_v lay_v down_o there_o be_v yet_o something_o i_o have_v to_o say_v both_o in_o reference_n to_o the_o proper_a matter_n to_o build_v our_o wall_n withal_o and_o to_o some_o other_o circumstance_n in_o the_o manner_n of_o building_n as_o to_o the_o proper_a matter_n for_o our_o wall_n england_n i_o think_v brick_n to_o be_v much_o better_a in_o this_o country_n than_o stone_n because_o they_o grow_v hot_a and_o keep_v much_o long_o the_o heat_n by_o which_o mean_v they_o do_v still_o warm_v the_o plant_n a_o good_a while_n after_o the_o sun_n be_v hide_v under_o a_o cloud_n and_o in_o a_o manner_n lose_v to_o other_o wall_n i_o know_v nothing_o that_o be_v more_o convenient_a than_o they_o be_v or_o of_o a_o better_a shape_n for_o our_o purpose_n the_o big_a and_o thick_a brick_n will_v be_v best_a and_o i_o shall_v choose_v as_o i_o say_v before_o to_o dispose_v they_o so_o that_o they_o may_v appear_v by_o their_o broad_a side_n thus_o the_o wall_n will_v be_v cheap_a the_o brick_n will_v be_v apt_a to_o grow_v warm_a and_o their_o interstice_n be_v few_o and_o less_o deep_a there_o will_v be_v less_o room_n to_o take_v care_n of_o against_o infect_v find_v a_o shelter_n there_o paint_a wall_n of_o slate_n or_o of_o any_o dark_a colour_a stone_n whether_o natural_a or_o paint_a will_v also_o be_v very_o good_a for_o these_o colour_n imbibe_n the_o light_n or_o heat_v much_o more_o than_o colour_n that_o be_v white_a our_o wall_n ought_v not_o to_o have_v any_o building_n
fruit_n may_v be_v make_v useful_a handsome_a and_o stately_a and_o this_o be_v the_o hard_a part_n and_o including_z all_o the_o direction_n necessary_a to_o those_o that_o can_v be_v but_o at_o a_o small_a expense_n what_o i_o have_v more_o to_o say_v in_o reference_n to_o they_o be_v the_o less_o considerable_a no_o body_n therefore_o aught_o to_o complain_v that_o i_o forget_v his_o case_n it_o be_v not_o just_a that_o we_o shall_v lay_v open_a those_o rich_a present_n which_o the_o author_n of_o nature_n offer_v we_o without_o express_v a_o due_a sense_n of_o his_o magnificence_n and_o greatness_n who_o can_v avoid_v admire_v that_o supreme_a and_o infinite_a wisdom_n which_o make_v every_o where_o such_o a_o immense_a variety_n of_o most_o graceful_a and_o excellent_a production_n to_o cover_v the_o whole_a face_n of_o the_o earth_n and_o to_o spring_v out_o of_o the_o very_a ground_n from_o thence_o it_o be_v that_o notwithstanding_o their_o different_a propriety_n they_o all_o draw_v wonderful_o their_o life_n and_o the_o spirit_n that_o animate_v they_o to_o the_o amazement_n of_o any_o that_o consider_v this_o surprise_a operation_n the_o table_n idea_n of_o slope_v wall_n for_o fruit._n pag._n 1_o defect_n of_o perpendicular_a south_n wall_n p._n 2_o perpendicular_a south_n wall_n east_n wall_n and_o west-wall_n compare_v together_o ibid._n perpendicular_a wall_n compare_v with_o slope_v wall_n p._n 4_o the_o same_o do_v in_o a_o particular_a example_n for_o the_o equinox_n p._n 5_o and_o for_o the_o summer_n solstice_n p._n 6_o the_o result_n of_o which_o show_v the_o great_a advantage_n of_o slope_v wall_n ibid._n what_o country_n they_o be_v best_a for_o ibid._n a_o good_a culture_n be_v necessary_a for_o they_o to_o have_v their_o full_a effect_n p._n 7_o a_o instance_n from_o experience_n of_o the_o usefulness_n of_o slope_v wall_n ibid._n how_o slope_v wall_n may_v be_v build_v with_o little_a charge_n p._n 9_o and_o how_o far_o the_o roof_n of_o house_n may_v serve_v instead_o of_o slope_v wall_n p._n 10_o the_o advantage_n of_o their_o have_a no_o foundation_n p._n 11_o rule_n for_o determine_v the_o quantity_n of_o the_o inclination_n of_o slope_v south_n wall_n p._n 12_o of_o slope_v wall_n in_o very_o hot_a country_n p._n 14_o a_o table_n give_v the_o limit_n of_o the_o elevation_n of_o south_n wall_n in_o temperate_a country_n p._n 15_o it_o be_v difficult_a to_o determine_v those_o limit_n in_o very_o hot_a country_n p._n 16._o the_o use_n of_o the_o table_n p._n 17_o vine_n be_v common_o plant_v upon_o a_o rise_a ground_n well_o expose_v ibid._n a_o hill_n well_o expose_v cut_v into_o terrace_n with_o slope_v wall_n for_o fruit._n p._n 18._o something_o like_o this_o do_v in_o china_n but_o for_o another_o reason_n p._n 19_o a_o considerable_a declivity_n to_o the_o south_n in_o a_o large_a garden_n may_v be_v turn_v to_o much_o advantage_n p._n 20._o a_o perpendicular_a wall_n in_o no_o country_n so_o hot_a as_o a_o slope_v wall_n proper_a to_o the_o place_n and_o exposition_n p._n 21._o the_o north_n exposition_n be_v make_v tolerable_a by_o a_o slope_v wall_n ibid._n use_v of_o slope_v wall_n for_o have_v fruit_n melon_n &c_n &c_n early_o and_o thorough_o ripe_a p._n 22_o wall_n of_o brick_n be_v best_a in_o england_n p._n 23_o of_o wall_n of_o slate_n or_o of_o any_o dark_a colour_a stone_n whether_o natural_a or_o paint_a p._n 23_o slope_v wall_n not_o to_o be_v clog_v with_o any_o shade_n except_o perhaps_o in_o winter_n or_o when_o the_o sun_n be_v very_o low_a p._n 24_o slope_v wall_n may_v ascend_v oblique_o upon_o a_o hill_n and_o the_o use_n of_o make_v they_o so_o ibid._n many_o slope_n in_o several_a garden_n be_v ready_a make_v and_o fit_a for_o slope_v wall_n ibid._n the_o goodness_n of_o a_o wall_n prove_v owe_v in_o a_o great_a measure_n to_o the_o exposition_n p._n 25_o the_o author_n design_n in_o commend_v this_o theory_n ibid._n the_o advantage_n for_o vegetation_n of_o a_o close_a and_o warm_a air_n and_o of_o small_a and_o narrow_a garden_n p._n 26_o how_o to_o make_v some_o terrace_n run_v from_o east_n to_o west_n so_o that_o the_o air_n between_o be_v extreme_o warm_a p._n 28_o and_o that_o they_o be_v not_o expose_v to_o wind_n p._n 29_o terrace_n to_o be_v make_v high_a when_o they_o be_v far_o asunder_o p._n 30_o roof_n may_v be_v use_v instead_o of_o terrace_n p._n 31_o of_o plant_n of_o hot_a country_n ibid._n of_o orange_a tree_n ibid._n of_o some_o objection_n against_o slope_v wall_n ibid._n slope_v south_n wall_n expose_v to_o the_o mischief_n of_o latter_a frost_n unless_o prevent_v p._n 32_o of_o remedy_n against_o a_o early_a vegetation_n and_o wind_n ibid._n slope_v wall_n be_v expose_v to_o one_o sort_n of_o white_a frost_n p._n 33_o they_o be_v much_o expose_v to_o hail_n p._n 34_o of_o the_o tree_n grow_v oblique_o to_o the_o ground_n ibid._n of_o the_o dampness_n that_o may_v be_v object_v against_o slope_v wall_n p._n 35_o of_o their_o be_v expose_v to_o mouse_n and_o ant_n etc._n etc._n p._n 36_o of_o all_o other_o objection_n against_o they_o ibid._n calculation_n show_v for_o a_o example_n the_o proportion_n of_o heat_n at_o the_o solstice_n in_o the_o latitude_n of_o 52½_n upon_o a_o perpendicular_a wall_n and_o a_o slope_v smooth_a south_n wall_n pass_v through_o the_o pole_n p._n 38._o the_o ground_n and_o method_n of_o this_o calculation_n ibid._n the_o result_n of_o it_o p._n 42_o other_o example_n to_o the_o same_o purpose_n for_o the_o latitude_n of_o 51½_n ibid._n and_o 45_o degree_n p._n 43_o slope_v wall_n be_v more_o necessary_a in_o cold_a country_n but_o the_o increase_n of_o heat_n they_o give_v be_v great_a in_o warm_a climate_n ibid._n slope_v south_n wall_n pass_v through_o the_o pole_n less_o hot_a in_o the_o solstice_n than_o the_o south_n wall_n pass_v through_o the_o low_a point_n of_o the_o polar_a circle_n p._n 44_o a_o more_o accurate_a method_n of_o compare_v the_o sun_n heat_n upon_o two_o plane_n wall_n in_o any_o situation_n p._n 45_o this_o method_n depend_v upon_o the_o quadrature_n and_o centre_n of_o gravity_n of_o the_o line_n of_o sines_n and_o its_o segment_n ibid._n and_o be_v general_a p._n 48_o and_o in_o some_o few_o case_n capable_a of_o a_o very_a easy_a approximation_n ibid._n notwithstanding_o the_o effect_n of_o the_o air._n p._n 49_o a_o corollary_n for_o find_v the_o heat_n of_o the_o sun_n upon_o a_o plane_n parallel_n to_o the_o horizon_n ibid._n a_o table_n show_v the_o sun_n heat_n upon_o a_o plane_n for_o each_o degree_n of_o the_o sun_n elevation_n upon_o it_o ibid._n the_o use_n of_o the_o table_n p._n 51_o the_o diminution_n of_o heat_n occasion_v by_o the_o air_n be_v considerable_a ibid._n but_o hardly_o to_o be_v find_v by_o meditation_n and_o why_o ibid._n a_o method_n for_o find_v it_o by_o some_o experiment_n with_o a_o burn_a speculum_fw-la ibid._n a_o table_n give_v the_o length_n of_o a_o beam_n of_o light_n in_o the_o air_n suppose_v the_o height_n of_o the_o atmosphere_n give_v etc._n etc._n p._n 52_o how_o to_o find_v in_o a_o air_n of_o a_o uniform_a density_n the_o diminution_n of_o heat_n for_o the_o several_a altitude_n of_o the_o sun_n p._n 54_o of_o movable_a wall_n in_o order_n to_o receive_v the_o light_n of_o the_o sun_n almost_o perpendicular_o for_o the_o whole_a day_n p._n 56_o description_n of_o a_o engine_n for_o that_o purpose_n ibid._n advantage_n of_o movable_a wall_n against_o storm_n and_o wind_n p._n 59_o their_o use_n for_o early_a fruit_n ibid._n of_o the_o rain_n fall_v upon_o slope_v wall_n ibid._n terrace_n so_o shape_v as_o to_o give_v some_o more_o advantage_n in_o reference_n to_o rain_n and_o heat_n p._n 60_o idea_n of_o a_o pave_v slope_v ground_n upon_o a_o hill_n to_o be_v use_v instead_o of_o terrace_n with_o slope_v wall_n p._n 62_o it_o will_v prevent_v the_o dissipation_n of_o the_o spirit_n of_o the_o earth_n p._n 63_o what_o the_o author_n find_v say_v by_o other_o particular_o by_o monsieur_n la_fw-fr quintinye_a that_o may_v have_v some_o relation_n to_o slope_v wall_n ibid._n a_o account_n of_o what_o monsieur_n la_fw-fr quintinye_a call_n des_fw-fr ados_fw-mi p._n 64_o and_o of_o his_o slope_n of_o earth_n expose_v to_o the_o south_n or_o east_n and_o purposely_o make_v for_o fruit._n p._n 65_o reflection_n upon_o this_o contrivance_n p._n 66_o which_o be_v here_o compare_v with_o slope_v wall_n ibid._n our_o garden_n tho'_o square_a may_v at_o once_o enjoy_v the_o sun_n upon_o their_o four_o wall_n p._n 67_o in_o mounseur_fw-fr la_fw-fr quintinye'_v ground_n plat_v of_o the_o french_a king_n garden_n no_o footstep_n find_v of_o slope_v wall_n ibid._n to_o what_o degree_n they_o may_v be_v unpleasant_a to_o the_o eye_n ibid._n
a_o great_a part_n of_o the_o day_n there_o have_v be_v add_v since_o some_o pretty_a high_a building_n to_o both_o end_n of_o the_o house_n which_o building_n by_o their_o shade_n have_v entire_o spoil_v the_o say_a vine_n so_o that_o it_o have_v be_v pull_v up_o i_o feel_v the_o brick_n of_o that_o slope_n one_o day_n when_o the_o sun_n shine_v almost_o perpendicular_o upon_o they_o and_o they_o be_v exceed_o hot_a but_o those_o noble_a person_n to_o who_o the_o house_n belong_v think_v the_o goodness_n of_o the_o grape_n may_v arise_v from_o the_o soil_n and_o forget_v the_o exposition_n they_o never_o try_v to_o recover_v their_o loss_n by_o another_o slope_v wall_n for_o which_o the_o ground_n will_v have_v afford_v they_o abundance_n of_o convenient_a place_n and_o thus_o we_o have_v not_o only_o a_o notable_a experience_n for_o we_o charge_n but_o we_o see_v also_o how_o easy_o and_o how_o cheap_a our_o slope_v wall_n may_v be_v build_v without_o any_o danger_n of_o their_o tumble_v down_o as_o our_o garden-wall_n be_v apt_a to_o do_v but_o this_o be_v a_o very_a material_a point_n and_o consider_v that_o most_o people_n may_v think_v it_o either_o very_a chargeable_a or_o very_o impracticable_a to_o build_v a_o slope_v wall_n let_v we_o a_o little_a enlarge_v upon_o it_o i_o conceive_v then_o that_o the_o face_n the_o slope_n of_o terrasse_n walk_n either_o with_o a_o brickwall_n such_o as_o i_o just_a now_o describe_v or_o else_o with_o a_o wall_n twice_o or_o at_o most_o three_o or_o four_o time_n as_o thick_a be_v the_o best_a easy_a and_o handsome_a way_n of_o build_v our_o incline_v wall_n who_o name_n ought_v not_o therefore_o to_o mislead_v one_o so_o far_o as_o to_o make_v he_o think_v that_o we_o will_v propose_v the_o build_n of_o a_o thick_a wall_n slope_v and_o encompass_v on_o both_o side_n with_o air._n the_o thick_a wall_n be_v proper_a when_o they_o be_v less_o slope_v for_o so_o their_o strength_n may_v better_o serve_v to_o keep_v the_o terrace_n from_o break_v out_o it_o be_v not_o require_v we_o shall_v lay_v the_o flat_a side_n of_o the_o brick_n perpendicular_o to_o the_o plane_n of_o our_o wall_n but_o it_o will_v be_v more_o proper_a to_o lay_v they_o parallel_v to_o it_o so_o that_o each_o bed_n or_o floor_n of_o brick_n of_o which_o our_o wall_n be_v compose_v may_v be_v only_o two_o or_o three_o inch_n thick_a and_o thus_o the_o joint_n of_o the_o brick_n may_v be_v so_o dispose_v as_o to_o leave_v no_o room_n for_o plant_n or_o infect_v to_o come_v out_o of_o the_o ground_n after_o have_v explain_v a_o better_a way_n wall_n it_o be_v hardly_o worth_a our_o while_n to_o observe_v that_o the_o roof_n of_o long_a and_o low_a building_n in_o the_o country_n and_o even_o the_o roof_n of_o house_n in_o great_a town_n may_v also_o convenient_o be_v make_v to_o serve_v for_o slope_v wall_n especial_o if_o some_o regard_n be_v have_v to_o it_o in_o building_n so_o for_o instance_n in_o the_o country_n the_o roof_n of_o a_o long_a building_n may_v on_o one_o side_n be_v bring_v as_o low_a as_o the_o very_a ground_n and_o thus_o tree_n and_o vine_n especial_o the_o last_o may_v be_v make_v to_o grow_v against_o the_o roof_n without_o spend_v their_o very_a strength_n in_o grow_v up_o to_o a_o immoderate_a height_n in_o city_n where_o they_o use_v sometime_o to_o make_v one_o roof_n to_o serve_v many_o house_n of_o one_o side_n the_o street_n one_o might_n between_o the_o garret_n window_n cut_v out_o in_o the_o roof_n a_o rectangular_a space_n of_o the_o same_o height_n and_o breadth_n with_o the_o space_n the_o window_n take_v up_o and_o from_o within_o one_o may_v slide_v up_o to_o that_o space_n a_o square_a box_n full_a of_o earth_n of_o a_o fit_a figure_n and_o bigness_n to_o stand_v handsome_o between_o the_o window_n this_o box_n be_v support_v at_o some_o height_n from_o the_o floor_n one_o need_v not_o fear_v any_o inconveniency_n from_o the_o water_n be_v drop_v out_o which_o in_o case_n it_o shall_v do_v may_v be_v receive_v in_o some_o vessel_n it_o be_v so_o easy_a to_o prevent_v the_o rain_n from_o run_v in_o between_o the_o roof_n and_o the_o box_n that_o it_o be_v to_o no_o purpose_n to_o enlarge_v upon_o it_o out_o of_o these_o box_n one_o may_v raise_v some_o excellent_a tree_n and_o vine_n and_o spread_v they_o upon_o some_o frame_v dispose_v against_o the_o roof_n and_o this_o beside_o the_o more_o substantial_a advantage_n of_o yield_v a_o considerable_a quantity_n of_o fruit_n will_v also_o prove_v a_o delightful_a ornament_n to_o that_o part_n of_o our_o building_n which_o seem_v to_o want_v it_o most_o however_o at_o london_n the_o smoke_n of_o sea-coal_n be_v much_o to_o be_v fear_v since_o it_o both_o take_v off_o the_o strength_n of_o the_o sun_n and_o do_v settle_v upon_o tree_n where_o its_o great_a acrimony_n must_v needs_o be_v unnatural_a and_o pernicious_a but_o i_o must_v give_v over_o and_o leave_v the_o application_n of_o this_o doctrine_n to_o every_o body_n industry_n i_o need_v not_o mention_v that_o in_o the_o make_v our_o brick_n some_o hole_n may_v be_v make_v in_o they_o to_o receive_v peg_n of_o wood_n to_o serve_v as_o necessity_n shall_v require_v unless_o you_o choose_v rather_o to_o use_v those_o frame_v the_o french_a call_n des_fw-fr espalier_n which_o indeed_o seem_v to_o be_v much_o better_a foundation_n but_o it_o be_v worth_a observe_n that_o such_o wall_n as_o these_o have_v no_o foundation_n leave_v in_o the_o earth_n more_o room_n for_o the_o root_n of_o our_o tree_n and_o be_v cheap_a build_v and_o less_o apt_a to_o fall_v if_o they_o be_v not_o make_v both_o exceed_a heavy_a and_o little_o slope_v i_o do_v not_o think_v that_o they_o will_v compress_v so_o much_o the_o ground_n under_o they_o as_o to_o obstruct_v the_o grow_a and_o spread_v of_o the_o root_n and_o thus_o much_o be_v sufficient_a as_o to_o the_o manner_n of_o build_v our_o wall_n let_v we_o now_o see_v as_o far_o as_o we_o can_v how_o we_o may_v choose_v in_o any_o latitude_n the_o proper_a elevation_n for_o our_o south_n wall_n and_o for_o the_o fruit_n we_o design_v to_o raise_v in_o order_n then_o to_o determine_v what_o slope_n be_v best_a to_o give_v south-wall_n in_o cold_a and_o temperate_a country_n to_o our_o south-wall_n i_o look_v for_o the_o sun_n meridian_n altitude_n at_o least_o ten_o day_n or_o a_o fortnight_n or_o three_o week_n etc._n etc._n before_o the_o latter_a half_n of_o the_o fruit_n of_o the_o kind_a i_o design_v to_o have_v use_n to_o be_v ripe_a and_o then_o i_o make_v the_o compliment_n of_o that_o altitude_n to_o 90_o degree_n the_o measure_n of_o the_o elevation_n of_o the_o wall_n above_o the_o horizon_n however_o i_o will_v not_o be_v tie_v by_o this_o rule_n but_o that_o i_o may_v alter_v upon_o the_o least_o consideration_n the_o slope_v of_o the_o wall_n by_o several_a degree_n especial_o if_o one_o be_v afraid_a of_o take_v in_o too_o much_o heat_n and_o if_o the_o sun_n declination_n belong_v to_o the_o meridian_n altitude_n find_v by_o the_o rule_n aforesaid_a shall_v be_v otherwise_o i_o common_o reduce_v it_o so_o in_o our_o northern_a climate_n as_o to_o make_v it_o fall_v in_o the_o space_n which_o be_v from_o the_o equator_fw-la to_o the_o parallel_n that_o go_v through_o the_o 16_o or_o 20_o degree_n of_o north_n latitude_n the_o long_a the_o fruit_n be_v a_o grow_a ripe_a and_o also_o the_o more_o distance_n of_o time_n there_o be_v between_o the_o first_o and_o the_o last_o ripe_a fruit_n of_o the_o same_o tree_n the_o more_o day_n will_v i_o allow_v backward_o in_o the_o find_v the_o sun_n meridian_n altitude_n and_o declination_n endeavour_v by_o this_o to_o make_v for_o the_o most_o part_n the_o strong_a heat_n of_o all_o to_o fall_v something_o before_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o ripen_a time_n for_o the_o degree_n of_o heat_n that_o arise_v bare_o from_o the_o exposition_n be_v during_o many_o day_n sensible_o the_o same_o and_o as_o it_o be_v at_o a_o stay_n when_o it_o be_v at_o the_o great_a and_o we_o must_v for_o the_o most_o part_n endeavour_v that_o when_o our_o tree_n make_v a_o end_n of_o yield_v its_o fruit_n especial_o if_o this_o be_v about_o the_o latter_a end_n of_o the_o year_n the_o sun_n may_v already_o by_o change_v its_o declination_n have_v be_v withdraw_v itself_o some_o 5_o or_o 10_o or_o 15_o degree_n from_o the_o line_n perpendicular_a to_o our_o incline_v plane_n thus_o all_o the_o while_n the_o fruit_n be_v grow_v ripe_a it_o will_v enjoy_v the_o great_a heat_n but_o let_v we_o inquire_v more_o particular_o after_o the_o limit_n of_o the_o elevation_n of_o south-wall_n so_o that_o we_o may_v resolve_v to_o keep_v
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it_o may_v succeed_v pretty_a well_o especial_o about_o 45_o degree_n latitude_n to_o choose_v that_o hill_n very_o steep_a to_o take_v it_o almost_o as_o nature_n do_v give_v it_o we_o and_o to_o pave_v it_o all_o over_o with_o brick_n lay_v flat_a except_o some_o holes_n of_o a_o oval_a figure_n about_o six_o or_o seven_o foot_n long_o and_o about_o four_o foot_n broad_a these_o holes_n be_v each_o to_o receive_v at_o the_o top_n of_o they_o a_o tree_n who_o branch_n must_v be_v make_v to_o spread_v upon_o the_o pave_n of_o brick_n the_o great_a diameter_n of_o the_o oval_n ought_v to_o be_v horizontal_a they_o must_v be_v dispose_v with_o as_o much_o regularity_n as_o possible_a they_o will_v look_v handsome_a and_o will_v be_v more_o equal_o divide_v and_o lie_v more_o convenient_a for_o the_o spread_a of_o the_o tree_n and_o to_o receive_v all_o the_o rain_n if_o they_o be_v checker-wise_a as_o you_o see_v they_o in_o the_o twelth_n figure_n xii_o but_o they_o will_v lie_v 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south_n wall_n be_v suppose_v of_o 100_o part_n the_o heat_n upon_o the_o slope_v wall_n be_v already_o upon_o a_o consideration_n which_o be_v not_o at_o all_o subject_n to_o the_o effect_n of_o the_o atmosphere_n of_o 427_o part_n beside_o a_o additional_a heat_n of_o 121_o part_n that_o will_v raise_v it_o to_o 548_o part_n be_v it_o not_o that_o from_o this_o number_n 121_o something_o be_v to_o be_v substract_v because_o of_o the_o effect_n of_o the_o air._n the_o last_o column_n give_v the_o middle_a number_n 487_o which_o we_o may_v suppose_v be_v not_o far_o from_o the_o real_a heat_n upon_o the_o slope_v wall_n world_n and_o this_o be_v about_o 4⅚_n time_n great_a than_o the_o heat_n upon_o the_o perpendicular_a wall_n but_o if_o we_o go_v about_o to_o calculate_v the_o heat_n upon_o the_o slope_v south_n wall_n that_o pass_v through_o the_o low_a point_n of_o the_o polar_a circle_n we_o shall_v find_v the_o increase_n of_o heat_n upon_o it_o to_o be_v yet_o much_o great_a 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of_o large_a and_o small_a terrace_n you_o may_v cut_v one_o great_a terrasse_n so_o as_o to_o afford_v in_o the_o middle_n of_o its_o height_n a_o step_n for_o another_o row_n of_o vine_n as_o you_o see_v in_o the_o seventeen_o figure_n xvii_o i_o shall_v however_o upon_o many_o other_o account_n and_o also_o for_o fear_v of_o the_o vine_n of_o the_o low_a part_n of_o the_o terrasse_n entangle_v with_o those_o of_o the_o upper_a part_n rather_o choose_v to_o have_v a_o whole_a garden_n for_o vine_n except_v only_o the_o bad_a wall_n in_o it_o and_o such_o may_v be_v after_o some_o few_o change_n xvi_o the_o sixteen_o figure_n if_o we_o suppose_v the_o outside_n to_o be_v only_o of_o 240_o or_o 300_o foot_n now_o size_n as_o i_o do_v already_o intimate_v once_o before_o our_o garden_n will_v probable_o not_o hold_v so_o many_o tree_n as_o be_v set_v down_o in_o the_o last_o table_n for_o there_o be_v more_o room_n with_o our_o wall_n than_o with_o the_o ordinary_a one_o for_o the_o 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the_o low_a part_n whether_o slope_v wall_n and_o slope_v tree_n will_v be_v much_o offensive_a to_o the_o eye_n for_o my_o part_n i_o think_v it_o may_v be_v a_o question_n whether_o a_o ordinary_a fruit-garden_n with_o perpendicular_a wall_n can_v ever_o be_v make_v to_o look_v so_o pleasant_a and_o so_o full_a of_o a_o regular_a and_o stately_a variety_n as_o i_o find_v the_o figure_n to_o be_v that_o stateliness_n be_v altogether_o owe_v to_o those_o great_a and_o massy_a terrace_n which_o in_o our_o draught_n over-rule_v as_o it_o be_v and_o master_n the_o whole_a and_o have_v a_o effect_n like_o to_o that_o of_o very_o large_a column_n in_o our_o building_n they_o have_v beside_o from_o so_o many_o tree_n set_v against_o they_o in_o a_o regular_a order_n that_o airiness_n and_o gaiety_n which_o arise_v in_o our_o architecture_n from_o abundance_n of_o proper_a ornament_n the_o canal_n be_v make_v broad_a than_o according_a to_o the_o measure_n of_o the_o ground_n plat._n it_o will_v not_o only_o be_v noble_a if_o it_o be_v very_o broad_a but_o if_o you_o have_v no_o natural_a rise_n in_o the_o midst_n of_o your_o ground_n it_o may_v yield_v also_o the_o earth_n necessary_a for_o the_o terrace_n without_o sink_v the_o level_n of_o the_o garden_n the_o figure_n will_v help_v to_o conceive_v how_o some_o roof_n may_v be_v use_v instead_o of_o terrace_n if_o the_o garden_n be_v very_o large_a number_n and_o you_o be_v at_o a_o loss_n where_o to_o have_v all_o the_o earth_n that_o will_v be_v require_v even_o tho'_o you_o shall_v pretty_a much_o increase_n the_o breadth_n of_o your_o canal_n keep_v the_o outermost_a square_a terrasse_n untouched_a and_o in_o the_o middle_n of_o your_o ground_n plat_v draw_v from_o side_n to_o side_n a_o large_a canal_n like_o a_o cross_n end_v at_o the_o four_o end_n perpendicular_o against_o the_o main_a terrasse_n terrace_n this_o new_a canal_n will_v give_v the_o earth_n you_o want_v and_o each_o of_o the_o four_o division_n 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garden_n it_o will_v be_v sufficient_a if_o all_o the_o canal_n be_v open_v and_o continue_v into_o one_o another_o along_o that_o branch_n of_o the_o main_a cross_n which_o the_o bridge_n do_v come_v up_o to_o except_v only_o that_o part_n of_o the_o main_a terrasse_n the_o bridge_n end_v against_o all_o thus_o you_o may_v go_v at_o your_o pleasure_n either_o with_o a_o boat_n or_o walk_v to_o any_o one_o particular_a garden_n as_o the_o outer_a terrace_n be_v make_v less_o and_o less_o according_a as_o their_o length_n decrease_v so_o shall_v also_o the_o canal_n be_v make_v less_o and_o less_o broad_a now_o by_o such_o canal_n your_o garden_n may_v be_v divide_v not_o only_o into_o four_o or_o sixteen_o small_a garden_n but_o into_o any_o other_o number_n tho'_o such_o large_a and_o magnificent_a garden_n can_v only_o be_v the_o work_n of_o prince_n expose_v and_o other_o great_a man_n or_o of_o powerful_a society_n yet_o there_o be_v no_o ordinary_a gentleman_n that_o be_v able_a to_o have_v a_o garden_n but_o may_v according_a to_o his_o ability_n and_o the_o direction_n i_o have_v give_v in_o other_o place_n of_o this_o discourse_n have_v one_o or_o more_o terrace_n or_o slope_n well_o expose_v of_o what_o length_n he_o can_v afford_v so_o that_o he_o may_v have_v against_o they_o a_o competent_a number_n of_o vine_n and_o other_o tree_n and_o whereas_o they_o say_v now_o for_o instance_n i_o have_v get_v fifty_o yard_n of_o very_o good_a wall_n they_o may_v say_v hereafter_o to_o a_o great_a commendation_n of_o their_o garden_n i_o have_v raise_v 30_o or_o 40_o yard_n of_o a_o slope_v south_n wall_n it_o may_v happen_v that_o artist_n upon_o some_o trial_n make_v by_o a_o unskilful_a artist_n our_o wall_n may_v seem_v not_o to_o be_v of_o any_o use_n for_o the_o production_n of_o good_a fruit_n but_o ordinary_a agriculture_n do_v not_o now_o thrive_v equal_o in_o everybody_o hand_n and_o whilst_o a_o diligent_a and_o understand_a country_n man_n be_v large_o repay_v for_o his_o care_n and_o industry_n the_o unskilful_a often_o see_v himself_o deceive_v in_o his_o hope_n there_o will_v ever_o be_v a_o just_a distinction_n between_o those_o that_o act_n by_o the_o certain_a principle_n of_o a_o art_n ground_v upon_o nature_n and_o such_o as_o act_v in_o a_o great_a measure_n by_o chance_n the_o same_o instrument_n according_a to_o the_o several_a application_n that_o be_v make_v of_o they_o be_v manage_v by_o two_o several_a hand_n produce_v often_o both_o what_o be_v deserve_o admire_v of_o one_o side_n and_o what_o be_v as_o deserve_o despise_v on_o the_o other_o in_o a_o word_n i_o do_v not_o hope_v by_o this_o theory_n to_o make_v all_o gardener_n equal_a among_o themselves_o but_o i_o give_v they_o in_o all_o country_n a_o easy_a
of_o house_n may_v serve_v instead_o of_o slope_v wall_n the_o advantage_n of_o their_o have_a no_o foundation_n rule_n for_o determine_v the_o quantity_n of_o the_o inclination_n of_o slope_v south-wall_n of_o sloping-wall_n in_o very_o hot_a country_n a_o table_n give_v the_o limit_n of_o the_o elevation_n of_o south_n wall_n in_o temperate_a country_n it_o be_v difficult_a to_o determine_v those_o limit_n in_o very_o hot_a country_n the_o use_n of_o the_o table_n vine_n be_v common_o plant_v upon_o a_o rise_a ground_n well_o expose_v a_o hill_n well_o expose_v cut_v into_o terrace_n with_o slope_v wall_n for_o fruit._n fig._n i._n something_o like_o this_o do_v in_o china_n but_o for_o another_o reason_n fig._n i._n a_o considerable_a declivity_n to_o the_o south_n in_o a_o large_a garden_n may_v be_v turn_v to_o much_o advantage_n a_o perpendicular_a wall_n in_o no_o country_n so_o hot_a as_o a_o slope_v wall_n proper_a to_o the_o place_n and_o exposition_n the_o north_n exposition_n be_v make_v tolerable_a by_o a_o slope_v wall_n use_v of_o slope_v wall_n for_o have_v fruit_n melon_n &c_n &c_n early_o and_o thorough_o ripe_a wall_n of_o brick_n be_v best_a in_o england_n of_o wall_n of_o slate_n or_o of_o any_o dark_a colour_a stone_n whether_o natural_a or_o paint_a slope_v wall_n not_o to_o be_v clog_v with_o any_o shade_n except_o perhaps_o in_o winter_n or_o when_o the_o sun_n be_v very_o low_a slope_v wall_n may_v ascend_v oblique_o upon_o a_o hill_n and_o the_o use_n of_o make_v they_o so_o many_o slope_n in_o several_a garden_n be_v ready_a make_v and_o fit_a for_o slope_v wall_n the_o goodness_n of_o a_o wall_n prove_v owe_v in_o a_o great_a measure_n to_o the_o exposition_n the_o author_n design_n in_o commend_v this_o theory_n the_o advantage_n for_o vegetation_n of_o a_o close_a and_o warm_a air_n and_o of_o small_a and_o narrow_a garden_n fig._n two_o iii_o how_o to_o make_v some_o terrace_n run_v from_o east_n to_o west_n so_o that_o the_o air_n between_o be_v extreme_o warm_a and_o that_o they_o be_v not_o expose_v to_o wind_n terrace_n to_o be_v make_v high_a when_o they_o be_v far_o asunder_o roof_n may_v be_v use_v instead_o of_o terrace_n of_o plant_n of_o hot_a country_n of_o orange_a tree_n of_o some_o objection_n against_o slope_v wall_n slope_v south_n wall_n expose_v to_o the_o mischief_n of_o latter_a frost_n unless_o prevent_v of_o remedy_n against_o a_o early_a vegetation_n and_o wind_n wind_n see_v la_fw-fr quintinye_a fig._n ii_o slope_v wall_n be_v expose_v to_o one_o sort_n of_o white_a frost_n they_o be_v much_o expose_v to_o hail_n of_o the_o tree_n grow_v oblique_o to_o the_o ground_n of_o the_o dampness_n that_o may_v be_v object_v against_o slope_v wall_n of_o their_o be_v expose_v to_o mouse_n and_o ant_n etc._n etc._n of_o all_o other_o objection_n against_o they_o calculation_n show_v for_o a_o example_n the_o proportion_n of_o heat_n at_o the_o solstice_n in_o the_o latitude_n of_o 52½_n upon_o a_o perpendicular_a wall_n and_o a_o slope_v smooth_a south_n wall_n pass_v through_o the_o pole_n fig._n iu._n the_o ground_n and_o method_n of_o this_o calculation_n the_o result_n of_o it_o other_o example_n to_o the_o same_o purpose_n for_o the_o latitude_n of_o 51½_n and_o 45_o degree_n slope_v wall_n be_v more_o necessary_a in_o cold_a country_n but_o the_o increase_n of_o heat_n they_o give_v be_v great_a in_o warm_a climate_n slope_v south_n wall_n pass_v thrò_fw-la the_o pole_n less_o hot_a in_o the_o solstice_n than_o the_o south_n wall_n pass_v through_o the_o low_a point_n of_o the_o polar_a circle_n a_o more_o accurate_a method_n of_o compare_v the_o sun_n heat_n upon_o two_o plane_n wall_n in_o any_o situation_n this_o method_n depend_v upon_o the_o quadrature_n and_o centre_n of_o gravity_n of_o the_o line_n of_o sines_n and_o its_o segment_n fig._n five_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d fig._n vi_o fig._n v._n fig._n vii_o fig._n iu._n and_o be_v general_a and_o in_o some_o few_o case_n fig._n vi_o capable_a of_o a_o very_a easy_a approximation_n notwithstanding_o the_o effect_n of_o the_o air._n a_o corollary_n for_o find_v the_o heat_n of_o the_o sun_n upon_o a_o plane_n parallel_n to_o the_o horizon_n a_o table_n show_v the_o sun_n heat_n upon_o a_o plane_n for_o each_o degree_n of_o the_o sun_n elevation_n upon_o it_o the_o use_n of_o the_o table_n the_o diminution_n of_o heat_n occasion_v by_o the_o air_n be_v considerable_a but_o hardly_o to_o be_v find_v by_o meditation_n and_o why_o a_o method_n for_o find_v it_o by_o some_o experiment_n with_o a_o burn_a speeulum_n a_o table_n give_v the_o length_n of_o a_o beam_n of_o light_n in_o the_o air_n suppose_v the_o height_n of_o the_o atmosphere_n give_v etc._n etc._n fig._n viii_o of_o movable_a wall_n in_o order_n to_o receive_v the_o light_n of_o the_o sun_n almost_o perpendicular_o for_o the_o whole_a day_n description_n of_o a_o engine_n for_o that_o purpose_n fig._n ix_o x._o advantage_n of_o movable_a wall_n against_o storm_n and_o wind_n their_o use_n for_o early_a fruit_n of_o the_o rain_n fall_v upon_o slope_v wall_n fig._n xi_o terrace_n so_o shape_v as_o to_o give_v some_o more_o advantage_n in_o reference_n to_o rain_n and_o heat_n idea_n of_o a_o pave_v slope_v ground_n upon_o a_o hill_n to_o be_v use_v instead_o of_o terrace_n with_o slope_v wall_n fig._n xii_o it_o will_v prevent_v the_o dissipation_n of_o the_o spirit_n of_o the_o earth_n what_o the_o author_n find_v say_v by_o other_o particular_o by_o monsieur_n la_fw-fr quintinie_n that_o may_v have_v some_o relation_n to_o slope_v wall_n wall_n tom._n 1._o p._n 20._o edition_n of_o amsterdam_n 1692._o a_o account_n of_o what_o monsieur_n la_o quintinye_a call_n des_fw-fr ados_fw-mi ados_fw-mi pag._n 92._o and_o of_o his_o slope_n of_o earth_n expose_v to_o the_o south_n or_o east_n and_o purposely_o make_v for_o fruit._n reflection_n upon_o this_o contrivance_n which_o be_v here_o compare_v with_o slope_v wall_n part_v 1_o pag._n 205._o our_o garden_n tho'_o square_a may_v at_o once_o enjoy_v the_o sun_n upon_o their_o four_o wall_n in_o mounseur_fw-fr la_fw-fr quintinei_n ground_n plat_v of_o the_o french_a king_n garden_n no_o footstep_n find_v of_o slope_v wall_n to_o what_o degree_n they_o may_v be_v unpleasant_a to_o the_o eye_n objection_n from_o mounseur_fw-fr la_fw-fr quintinye'_v english_a translation_n solve_v account_v of_o a_o amphitheatre_n with_o slope_v wall_n and_o of_o some_o melon_n and_o other_o fruit_n heat_v with_o convex_a glass_n the_o fault_n of_o vine_n that_o be_v common_o make_v to_o grow_v against_o a_o roof_n or_o the_o cope_a of_o a_o wall_n judgement_n of_o those_o and_o all_o other_o such_o trial_n in_o order_n to_o make_v the_o most_o of_o the_o sun_n heat_n caution_n against_o too_o much_o heat_n slope_v wall_n be_v like_a to_o procure_v fig._n xii_o frame_v call_v espalier_n by_o the_o french_a recommend_v to_o take_v off_o some_o of_o the_o sun_n heat_n and_o to_o give_v more_o liberty_n to_o tree_n a_o method_n for_o choose_v the_o elevation_n of_o a_o slope_v wall_n in_o any_o exposition_n whatsoever_o fig._n xiii_o the_o heat_n sensible_o the_o same_o upon_o a_o south_n or_o upon_o a_o north_n slope_v wall_n tho'_o a_o little_a decline_a from_o the_o true_a north_n or_o south_n a_o singular_a sort_n of_o maximums_n and_o minimums_n very_o different_a from_o those_o that_o be_v common_o consider_v the_o same_o in_o some_o measure_n already_o observe_v by_o other_o the_o ground_n of_o the_o forego_n method_n experience_n must_v also_o be_v consult_v of_o wall_n that_o be_v not_o smooth_a there_o can_v be_v no_o such_o thing_n as_o a_o wall_n give_v the_o heat_n proportional_a to_o the_o sine_fw-la of_o the_o sun_n be_v elevation_n upon_o it_o but_o if_o there_o be_v the_o fig._n iu._n method_n of_o calculate_v the_o heat_n upon_o it_o will_v be_v easy_a and_o slope_v wall_n will_v be_v yet_o very_o advantageous_a even_o in_o that_o supposition_n tho'_o less_o than_o before_o of_o a_o wall_n give_v a_o mean_a proportional_a heat_v between_o such_o a_o wall_n as_o this_o and_o a_o plane_n wall_n a_o smooth_a wall_n compare_v with_o a_o rough_a wall_n how_o to_o make_v a_o brick_n wall_n smooth_a of_o a_o slope_v wall_n with_o semicylindrical_a furrow_n upon_o it_o these_o furrow_n compare_v with_o a_o plane_n wall_n of_o the_o same_o breadth_n with_o they_o fig._n vii_o fig._n fourteen_o measure_v of_o the_o heat_n upon_o a_o semicylindrical_a space_n a_o account_n of_o a_o table_n give_v from_o 40_o to_o 67_o degree_n latitude_n the_o proportion_n of_o the_o sun_n heat_n in_o the_o solstice_n upon_o a_o perpendicular_a and_o a_o slope_v south_n wall_n the_o use_n of_o slope_v wall_n in_o very_o hot_a country_n in_o such_o situation_n as_o