Selected quad for the lemma: ground_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
ground_n	call_v	circle_n	zone_n	55	3	15.6575	5	false

Text snippets containing the quad

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A44885	A learned treatise of globes, both cœlestiall and terrestriall with their several uses / written first in Latine, by Mr. Robert Hues, and by him so published ; afterward illustrated with notes by Jo. Isa. Pontanus ; and now lastly made English ... by John Chilmead ...; Tractatus de globis et eorum usu. English	Hues, Robert, 1553-1632.; Chilmead, Edmund, 1610-1654.; Pontanus, Johannes Isacius, 1571-1639.; Molyneux, Emery.	1659 (1659)	Wing H3298; ESTC R1097	145,949	311

For whereas in his lib. 6. cap. 22. having discoursed of the M●…gnitude of the Isle Taprobane which is now thought to be Sumatra and lyeth directly under the line out of Eratosthenes and Megasthenes he presently adds that besides the testimony of the Antients the Romans had better knowledg of the same in the time of the Em●…eror Claudiu●… there being Embassadors sent from thence to Rome who among other things should relate that with them Gold Silver was in high account and that they had greater wealth then the Romans themselves but yet that the Romans had greater use of riches then they Which words of Pliny with many other there at large set down by him if they be but compared with what himself elsewhere writeth in his 2d book chap. 68. he will be found manifestly to contradict himself For disputing in this place and inquireing how great a part of the earth is inhabited Tres saith he terrae partes abstulisse nobis coelum c. Three parts of the world the Heaveus have robbed us of to wit the Torrid or middle Zone ●…bat is whatsoever lieth betwixt the two Tropiques and the two outmost or Frigid Zones that is to say whatever ground lieth betwixt either Pole and the Arctique and Antarctique circles According to that which the Poët sung of old Quarum quae media est non est habita bilis aestu Nix tegit alta duos In English thus The midst of these is not inhabited Through heat and two with snow are covered For this is that which Pliny meaneth that those two outwardmost are not habitable by reason of extremity of ●…old nor the other through too violent heat But that which is more to be wondred at in so great an Author who not withstanding indifferently took up aswel the common popular fables as the extravagant fixions of the Poëts also is that which he very confidently relates out of Corlius Nepos how that one Eudoxus taking Ship in the Arabian gulf came as farr as the Gades two Isles upon the confines of Spain Which voyage if we should but throughly examine wil be found to be as much 〈◊〉 that all the Fortugals and our Countrymen at this day performe in their Sea voyage to the East Ind●… when as touching upon the Cape of good hope they twice crosse the line and passe through the whole Torrid Zone Not to speak any thing of that which he writes in his first book twenty third Chapter Namely that there is never a yeare that India doth not suck out of the Romane Empire at the least 500000. Sestercies by sending in such commodities as they sell to the Romanes for an hundred times as much as they are worth in India And that there is yearly Traffique by Shippe through the Red Sea betwixt them and the Romanes who are saine for their safer passage to defend themselves from Pirats by going provided with bands of Archers And here all that can be said in Plinies defence is tha●…those things which he relates in this second book were written by him long before the rest which followeh and that at that time these Indian voyages were not so frequently undertaken or the passages so well known unto the Romans especially for that in the bookes following as namely the sixth book 17. and 23. Chapters he saith that the whole course of the voyage from Egypt into India began but then first to be discovered when as he was writing the same and that Seneca having not long before begun a description of India reckoned up therein 60. great rivers and 122. Nations to be contained within the same The principall cause of the habitablenesse and fortility of the parts under the Torrid Zone i●… in that the Sun shineth upon them but 12. houres so that the nights beeing alwayes as long as the daies the coldnesse of the one doth very much attemperate the excessive heat of the other In like manner that both the Frigid Zones are habitable is to be attributed to the Sun which in his course through the six Northern signes of the Zodiaque never sets in six months space so those that live under 84 degrees of latitude so that by his continuall presene●… the extream rigidity of the Clime i●… mitigated and the cold by this meanes dispelled CHAP. V. Of the Amphiseij Hereroscij and Periscij THe inhabitants of these Zones in respect of the diversity of their noonshadowes are divided into three kinds Amphis●…ij Heteroscij and Periscij Those that inhabit betwixt the two Tropiqu●…s are called Amphiscij because that their noon shadowes are diversly cast sometime toward the South as when the Sun is more Northward then their Verticall point and sometimes toward the North as when the Sun declines Southwa●… from their Zenith Those that live betwix the Tropiques and A●…ct que circles are called Heteroscij because the shadowes at noon are cast onely one way and that ●…ither North or South For the Sun never comes farther North then our Summer Tropick nor more Southward then the Winter Tropick So that those that inhabit Northward of the Summer Tropique have their shadowes cast alwayes toward the North as in like manner those that dwell more Southward then the Winter Tropick have their Noon-shadows cast alwaies coward the South Those that inhabit betwixt the Arctique or Antarctique circles and the Poles are called Periscij because that the Gnomons do cast their shadowes circularly and the reason hereos it for that the Sun is carried round about above their Horizon in his whole diurnall Revolution PONT The Heterosciall Zone is therefore two fold either Northern or Southern The Northern is comprehended betwixt the Tropique of Cancer and the Artik circle and ●…s called 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Septentrionalis because that in it the Sun beames at noon are alwayes cast to that part only that byoth toward the ●…ole Articks The Southern Hetorosciall Zone containeth all that space of ground that lieth betwixt the Tropique of Capricorn and u●…e Antarctique circle And it is call●…d 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Meridonalis because the Noon shadowes are proje●…ed toward the South Pole only The properties of these severall Zones are these that follow First they that inhabit the midst of the Torrid Zone are in a Right Sphaere for with them both the Poles of the world lie in their Horizon and their Zenith or Verticall point falleth in the AEquinoctiall Circle So that their peculiar Accidents are these First All the S●…arres do rise and set in an equall space of time except the Arctique and Antarctique Poles as we have demonstrated out of Lerius in our notes upon the third Chapter Secondly They have a perpetuall AEquinoxe Thirdly They have the Sun verticall unto them twice in a yeare namely when hee entered into ♈ and ♎ Fourthly In the Suns periodicall motion through the Zodiaque look how much he goeth Southward from their Zenith in his returne hee declines as farr northward srom the same Fi●…thly They have

that they dwell under the Pole the AEquator with them doth not make Oblique Angles with the Horizon because the Horizon and AEquator there make both but one circle This kind of Sphaere therefore may more rightly be called a Parallel or Neutrall Sphaere because that it's Verticall point falleth upon the Pole of the Sphaere But Joseph Scaliger hath given it the aptest appellation of all in his Notes upon Manilius Astronom lib. 3. upon these Verses Stantis erit coeli species laterúmque meatus Turbinis in morem rectâ vertigine currit Where he saith that every Sphaere may be said aut jacere sedere aut stare either to lye sit or stand So that the first position of Sphaere is as of lying all along which is that of a Right Sphaere where the Horizon makes right Angles with the AEquinoctiall The seeond is of sitting 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 The third is of standing 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 and is like a Mill. for in this Position the AEquinoctiall supplying the office of the Horizon and as it were turned round about is just like a Hand-mill both in habit and manner of turning about But we cannot so properly call it a Right Sphaere because of the right Angles that it makes with the AEquinoctiall as passing through it's Poles because that that appellation seemes to suit more fitly with a standing Sphaere in which the AEquinoctiall is the same with the Horizon and Arctique circle Lastly there is but one Right or Lying Sphaere because there is but one AEquinoctiall and there are but two standing Sphaeres because there be but two Poles But there is great variety and diversitis of Oblique or sitting Sphaeres as may manifestly appear to any man and as our Author hath declared at large CHAP. IIII. Of the Zones THe four lesser Circles which are Parallel to the AEquator divide the whole earth into five parts called by the Greekes Zones Which appellation hath also been received and is sti●… in use among all our Latine Writers notwithstanding they sometimes also use the Latine word Pl●…ga in the same signification But the Greekes do sometimes apply the word Zona to the Orbes of the Planets in a different sence then is ever used by our Authors as may appeare by that passage of Theon Alexandrinus in his Commentaries upon Aratus 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 that is There are also in the heavens seven Zones whi●…h are not contiguous to the Zodiaque the first whereof is assigned to Saturn the second to Jupiter c. Of these five Zones three were accounted by the Ancient Philosophers and Geographers to be inhabitable and intemperate One of them by reason of the Suns beames continually beating upon the same and this they called the Torrid Zone and is terminated by the Tropiques on each side And the other two by reason of extream cold they thought could not be inhabited as being so remote from the heat of the Suns beames whereof one was comprehended within the Arctique circle and the other within the Anta●…ctique But the other two were accounted temperate and therefore habitable the one of them lying betwixt the Arctique circle and the Tropique of Cancer and the other betwixt the Antarctique and the Tropique of Capricorn Neither did this opinion although in a manner generally received a mōg the Ancients concerning the number and bounds of the Zones even then want its opposition For Parmenides would have that Zone which they call the Torrid to be extended farr beyond the Tropiques so that he made it almost as large againe as it ought to have been but is withall reprehended for it by Posidonius because he knew that about halfe of that space which is contained betwixt our Summer Tropique and the AEquator was inhabited So likewise Aristotle terminated the torrid Zone betwixt the Tropiques and the temperate Zones with the Tropiques and the Arctique and Antarctique circle But he also is taxed by the same Posidonius in that he appointes the Arctique circles which the Greekes will have to be mutable to be the limits of the Zones Polyibus makes six Zones by dividing the Torrid into two parts and reckoning one of them from the Winter Tropique to the AEquinoctiall and the other from thence to the Summer Tropique Others following Eratosthenes would have a certain narrow Zone which should be temperate and fit for habitation under the AEquinoctiall line o●… which opinion was Avicen the Arabian And some of our Modern Winters Nicolaus Lyranus Thomas Aquinas and Campanus I know not upon what grounds will have the terrestriall Paradise spoken of in the begining of Genesis to bee placed under the AEquinoctiall line And so likewise Eratosthenes and Polybius would have all that which they call the Torrid Zone to be temperate In like manner Posidonius contradicted the received opinion of the Ancient Phylosophers because he knew that both Syene which they place under the Tropique of Cancer and also AEthiopia which lieth more inward and over whose heads the Sun lieth longer then it doth upon theirs under the AEquator are notwithstanding inhabited Whence he concluded that the parts under the AEqinoctiall were not inhabitable because he saw ●…at those under the Tropique wanted ●…ot inhabitants Yet Ptolomy in his 2d book ●…d sixt Chapter of his Almageste conceiveth ●…hose things which are prepared of the temperateness under the line to be rather conjecture then truth of story and yet in the last Chapter of his fifth book of his Geography hee describes us a Country in AEthiopia which he calleth Agisymba and placeth farr beyond th●… the AEquinoctiall notwithstanding some of our Modern Geographers stick not to place it Northward from the AEquator contrary to Ptolomies mind This inconstancy of Ptolomy hath given occasion to some to suspect that the Almagest and Cosmography were not the same Authours workes Now as concerning these conceits of the Ancients about the number of the intemperate Zones if they were not sufficiently proved to bee vain and idle by the authority of Eratosthenes and Polybius yet certainly it is very evidently demonstrated by the Navigations both of the Portugalls and also of our own Countrymen that not only that tract of land which the Ancients call the Torrid Zone is fully inhabited but also that within the Ar●…tique circle above 70 degrees from the AEquator all places are full of inhabitants So that now no man needs to doubt any further of the truth of this unlesse he had rather erre with Sacred and Venerable Antiquity then be better informed by the experience of Moderne Ages though never so strongly backed with undeniable proofes and testimonies PONT Whereas our Author accuseth Ptolomy of inconstancy in that in his Almagest cap. 6. lib. 2. hee accounteth it a fahle rather then any true history whatsoever is reported of the in hahitants under the AEquator where as in his Geography lib. 5. cap. ult he seemeth to contradict the same I think that Pliny also is not free from the like fault