report_v of_o the_o eagle_n answ_n what_o be_v report_v of_o the_o eagle_n in_o this_o kind_n i_o doubt_v not_o but_o it_o be_v false_a neither_o do_v i_o think_v that_o any_o bird_n cast_v its_o bill_n by_o age_n wherefore_o that_o translation_n of_o the_o five_o verse_n of_o psalm_n 103._o which_o in_o the_o common_a english_a metre_n run_v thus_o like_a as_o the_o eagle_n cast_v her_o bill_n whereby_o her_o age_n renew_v aught_o to_o be_v mend_v for_o many_o of_o the_o more_o ignorant_a sort_n have_v hereby_o be_v impose_v upon_o believe_v these_o to_o be_v the_o word_n or_o sense_n of_o the_o scripture_n in_o this_o place_n whereas_o there_o be_v no_o such_o thing_n in_o the_o text_n mention_v as_o the_o eagle_n cast_v her_o bill_n the_o word_n be_v only_o these_o thy_o youth_n shall_v be_v renew_v like_o the_o eagle_n but_o that_o the_o hook_n of_o the_o bill_n may_v and_o sometime_o do_v in_o eagle_n and_o other_o bird_n by_o extreme_a old_a age_n grow_v so_o immoderate_o as_o to_o hinder_v their_o feed_n i_o deny_v not_o for_o the_o goldsinch_n we_o mention_v before_o be_v hereof_o a_o sufficient_a instance_n 4._o how_o many_o bird_n have_v a_o angular_a appendix_n as_o it_o be_v a_o tooth_n on_o each_o side_n the_o upper_a chap_n of_o their_o bill_n as_o the_o kestrel_n the_o hobby_n the_o butcher-bird_n &_o c_o 5._o the_o commisture_n of_o the_o leg_n or_o tine_n of_o the_o low_a mandible_a in_o what_o bird_n it_o be_v round_o in_o what_o angular_a 6._o whether_o the_o eye_n of_o all_o bird_n of_o the_o same_o species_n be_v always_o of_o the_o same_o colour_n answ_n the_o irides_fw-la of_o the_o eye_n in_o young_a and_o old_a bird_n do_v often_o differ_v and_o sometime_o also_o in_o the_o cock_n and_o hen_n but_o whether_o in_o old_a bird_n of_o the_o same_o sex_n they_o differ_v or_o not_o remain_v to_o be_v inquire_v i_o suppose_v they_o do_v not_o 7._o whether_o in_o bird_n that_o want_v the_o crop_n that_o defect_n be_v always_o supply_v by_o the_o largeness_n of_o the_o gullet_n which_o as_o we_o say_v in_o many_o bird_n of_o this_o kind_n immediate_o above_o the_o stomach_n be_v dilate_v into_o a_o kind_n of_o bag_n or_o ante-stomach_n 8._o whereas_o the_o single_a blind_a gut_n situate_v about_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o gut_n be_v nothing_o else_o but_o the_o passage_n derive_v the_o yolk_n into_o the_o gut_n contract_v it_o be_v worthy_a enquiry_n whether_o there_o be_v not_o some_o external_a passage_n terminate_v in_o the_o blind_a gut_n common_o know_v and_o so_o call_v as_o well_o in_o beast_n as_o in_o bird_n and_o see_v that_o in_o many_o bird_n the_o gut_n appendix_n be_v very_o small_a and_o seem_v to_o be_v of_o no_o use_n to_o the_o bird_n when_o grow_v up_o let_v it_o be_v inquire_v whether_o they_o be_v great_a in_o embryon-bird_n and_o what_o use_n they_o may_v be_v of_o to_o they_o 9_o whether_o the_o single_a blind_a gut_n forementioned_a be_v always_o reflect_v towards_o the_o tail_n in_o what_o bird_n the_o 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one_o of_o those_o be_v always_o breed_v a_o cock_n of_o the_o other_o a_o hen-bird_n answ_n it_o do_v most_o common_o so_o fall_v out_o yet_o sometime_o two_o male_n sometime_o two_o female_n be_v exclude_v together_o 13._o to_o make_v trial_n whether_o egg_n in_o england_n may_v be_v hatch_v by_o a_o artificial_a heat_n 14._o to_o observe_v what_o colour_n be_v most_o frequent_a in_o bird_n and_o in_o what_o part_n as_o for_o example_n the_o rump_n of_o many_o bird_n be_v of_o the_o same_o colour_n viz._n lark_n thrush_n sparrow_n etc._n etc._n 15._o what_o bird_n wag_v their_o tail_n oft_o as_o water-wagtail_n blackbird_n morehens_n tringae_n etc._n etc._n one_o of_o the_o two_o middle_a feather_n of_o the_o tail_n when_o it_o be_v close_v cover_v the_o other_o inquire_v whether_o the_o right_a or_o left_a feather_n lie_v often_o uppermost_o or_o either_o of_o they_o indifferent_o as_o it_o happen_v 16._o in_o what_o kind_n of_o bird_n there_o be_v more_o cock_n usual_o breed_v as_o in_o ruff_n in_o what_o more_o hen_n as_o in_o poultry_n 17._o what_o bird_n build_v upon_o the_o ground_n as_o all_o of_o the_o poultry_n kind_n lapwing_n and_o in_o general_a all_o such_o as_o run_v and_o feed_v themselves_o so_o soon_o as_o they_o be_v hatch_v be_v cover_v with_o a_o thick_a down_o what_o build_v on_o tree_n and_o in_o hedge_n as_o the_o great_a part_n of_o bird_n what_o in_o the_o water_n as_o morehens_n what_o bird_n sit_v always_o on_o the_o ground_n never_o light_v upon_o tree_n what_o perch_n upon_o tree_n 18._o what_o bird_n hide_v themselves_o or_o change_v place_n whether_o in_o winter_n or_o in_o summer_n 19_o what_o will_v become_v of_o nightingale_n cuckoo_n etc._n etc._n in_o winter_n and_o of_o fieldfare_n etc._n etc._n in_o summer_n if_o they_o be_v keep_v in_o cage_n and_o careful_o tend_v feed_v and_o cherish_v 20._o how_o come_v it_o to_o pass_v that_o the_o most_o vehement_a cold_n in_o wintertime_n if_o they_o have_v but_o food_n enough_o do_v not_o congeal_v or_o mortify_v the_o tender_a body_n of_o small_a bird_n 21._o whether_o the_o age_n of_o pheasant_n hawk_n etc._n etc._n may_v be_v know_v by_o the_o cross_a bar_n in_o their_o tail_n 22._o how_o many_o bird_n have_v white_a feather_n under_o their_o tail_n how_o many_o have_v bristle_n under_o their_o chin_n at_o the_o corner_n of_o their_o mouth_n or_o about_o their_o nostril_n 23._o what_o bird_n either_o terrestrial_a or_o aquatic_a have_v two_o cross_a line_n in_o their_o wing_n 24._o how_o many_o bird_n have_v the_o exterior_a vane_n of_o their_o flag-feather_n broad_a than_o the_o interior_a chap._n vii_o of_o some_o remarkable_a isle_n cliff_n and_o rock_n about_o england_n where_o seafowl_n do_v yearly_o build_v and_o breed_v in_o great_a number_n many_o water_n but_o especial_o seafowl_n do_v yearly_o breed_v and_o bring_v forth_o young_a in_o great_a company_n either_o in_o high_a rock_n or_o desert_n and_o less_o inhabit_v island_n in_o the_o sea_n or_o 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that_o like_a cloud_n they_o cover_v the_o sky_n and_o take_v away_o the_o sight_n of_o the_o sun_n make_v such_o a_o noise_n and_o din_n with_o their_o cry_n that_o people_n talk_v together_o near_a hand_n can_v searce_o hear_v one_o another_o if_o from_o thence_o as_o from_o a_o lofty_a tower_n or_o high_a precipice_n you_o look_v down_o upon_o the_o sea_n underneath_o you_o shall_v see_v it_o every_o way_n cover_v with_o a_o infinite_a number_n of_o bird_n of_o divers_a sort_n swim_v up_o and_o down_o intent_n upon_o their_o prey_n in_o like_a manner_n as_o pool_n of_o water_n in_o some_o place_n in_o the_o spring_n time_n be_v see_v overspread_v with_o frog_n or_o the_o open_a hill_n and_o steep_a mountain_n be_v behold_v at_o
promiscuous_o by_o that_o nefarious_a coition_n interdict_a mankind_n by_o no_o less_o than_o a_o capital_a punishment_n which_o thing_n pliny_n after_o his_o manner_n have_v witty_o and_o elegant_o comprise_v in_o a_o few_o word_n illae_fw-la i._n e._n foeminae_fw-la quidem_fw-la &_o maritos_fw-la suos_fw-la fallunt_fw-la quoniam_fw-la intemperantiâ_fw-la libidinis_fw-la srangunt_fw-la earum_fw-la ova_fw-la nè_fw-la incubando_fw-la detineantur_fw-la tunc_fw-la inter_fw-la se_fw-la dimicant_fw-la mare_n desiderio_fw-la foeminarum_fw-la victum_fw-la aiunt_fw-la venerem_fw-la pati_fw-la that_o they_o make_v two_o nest_n wherein_o they_o lie_v their_o egg_n half_a in_o one_o and_o half_a in_o the_o other_o in_o one_o whereof_o the_o female_a sit_v and_o in_o the_o other_o the_o male_n and_o that_o both_o do_v hatch_v and_o bring_v up_o their_o part_n of_o young_a that_o the_o hen_n without_o be_v ever_o tread_v by_o the_o cock_n if_o they_o do_v only_o stand_v opposite_a to_o they_o and_o the_o wind_n blow_n from_o thence_o upon_o they_o will_v conceive_v egg_n and_o those_o prolific_a of_o which_o thing_n some_o modern_a writer_n have_v indiscreet_o endeavour_v to_o give_v a_o account_n before_o they_o have_v any_o assurance_n of_o the_o truth_n of_o the_o matter_n of_o fact_n that_o the_o hen_n be_v so_o intemperate_o lustful_a that_o contrary_a to_o the_o manner_n of_o other_o bird_n they_o can_v abstain_v from_o the_o use_n of_o venery_n so_o much_o as_o while_o they_o be_v sit_v which_o particular_n also_o pliny_n brief_o and_o ingenious_o thus_o word_n neque_fw-la in_o ullo_fw-la animali_fw-la par_fw-fr opus_fw-la libidinis_fw-la si_fw-mi contra_fw-la mare_n steterint_fw-la foeminae_fw-la aurâ_fw-la ab_fw-la his_fw-la flante_fw-la praegnantes_fw-la fiunt_fw-la hiantes_fw-la a._n exertâ_fw-la linguâ_fw-la per_fw-la id_fw-la tempus_fw-la aestuant_fw-la concipiúntque_fw-la supervolantium_fw-la afflatu_fw-la saepe_fw-la voce_fw-la tantùm_fw-la audita_fw-la 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turn_v she_o upon_o her_o back_n and_o so_o lie_v with_o her_o belly_n upward_o cover_v herself_o with_o clod_n and_o straw_n and_o by_o that_o mean_n deceive_v and_o escape_v the_o fowler_n but_o it_o be_v not_o worth_a the_o while_n to_o insist_v long_o upon_o rehearse_v or_o refute_v these_o particular_n these_o bird_n say_v aldrovandus_n in_o the_o feast_n and_o entertainment_n of_o prince_n hold_v the_o principal_a place_n without_o which_o such_o feast_n be_v esteem_v ignoble_a vulgar_a and_o of_o no_o account_n indeed_o the_o frenchman_n do_v so_o high_o value_v and_o be_v so_o fond_a of_o partridge_n that_o if_o they_o be_v want_v they_o utter_o sleight_v and_o despise_v the_o best_a spread_a table_n and_o most_o plentiful_a and_o delicate_a treatment_n as_o if_o there_o can_v be_v no_o feast_n without_o this_o dish_n as_o the_o flesh_n of_o partridge_n say_v bellonius_fw-la be_v very_o delicate_a and_o grateful_a to_o the_o palate_n so_o in_o like_a manner_n be_v it_o great_o commend_v for_o that_o it_o nourish_v much_o be_v easy_o digest_v and_o breed_v good_a blood_n in_o the_o body_n the_o flesh_n of_o the_o great_a kind_n be_v more_o solid_a and_o hard_a though_o hard_o only_o comparative_o of_o the_o lesser_a more_o tender_a and_o consequent_o yield_v a_o fine_a more_o dissipable_a and_o spirituous_a nourishment_n be_v also_o of_o easy_a concoction_n but_o yet_o be_v not_o so_o white_a as_o that_o of_o the_o great_a palate-man_n and_o such_o as_o have_v skill_n in_o eat_v do_v chief_o commend_v the_o partridge_n wing_n prefer_v it_o much_o before_o the_o leg_n as_o indeed_o it_o be_v much_o better_a hence_o that_o english_a proverbial_a rhythm_n if_o the_o partridge_n have_v the_o woodcock_n thigh_n it_o will_v be_v the_o best_a bird_n that_o ever_o do_v fly_v he_o that_o desire_v yet_o further_o information_n concern_v the_o quality_n and_o temperament_n of_o partridge_n flesh_n let_v he_o consult_v aldrovand_n §._o vii_o bellonius_fw-la his_fw-la greek_a partridge_n or_o great_a red_a partridge_n the_o same_o with_o the_o precedent_n the_o great_a partridge_n which_o the_o grecian_n follow_v the_o italian_n common_o call_v coturno_n seem_v to_o we_o to_o be_v different_a from_o the_o partridge_n both_o of_o france_n and_o gothia_n gothland_n for_o it_o be_v twice_o as_o big_a as_o our_o country_n partridge_n have_v red_a bill_n and_o leg_n be_v spot_v on_o the_o breast_n and_o side_n in_o like_a manner_n as_o we_o of_o the_o bigness_n of_o a_o meansized_n handsome_a hen._n this_o kind_n of_o partridge_n be_v so_o frequent_a in_o the_o rock_n of_o colme_z the_o cyclades_n island_n and_o the_o sea-coast_n of_o candy_n that_o there_o be_v not_o such_o plenty_n of_o any_o other_o bird_n their_o cry_n be_v different_a from_o that_o of_o our_o partridge_n be_v great_a and_o sonorous_a especial_o in_o breed_v and_o couple_v time_n when_o they_o express_v and_o often_o repeat_v the_o sound_n of_o this_o word_n cacabis_fw-la whence_o 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bird_n in_o this_o kind_n of_o a_o flatter_v or_o broad_a body_n and_o not_o so_o narrow_a or_o compress_a sideway_n as_o the_o land-rail_a or_o daker-hen_n it_o be_v length_n from_o the_o tip_n of_o the_o bill_n to_o the_o end_n of_o the_o tail_n be_v seven_o inch_n and_o a_o half_a its_o breadth_n between_o the_o extremity_n of_o the_o wing_n spread_v fourteen_o inch_n it_o be_v bill_n from_o the_o tip_n to_o the_o corner_n of_o the_o mouth_n half_o a_o inch_n long_o its_o figure_n more_o depress_v and_o plain_a than_o in_o the_o rest_n of_o this_o kind_n the_o low_a chap_n black_a the_o upper_a of_o a_o pale_a dusky_a the_o irides_fw-la of_o the_o eye_n be_v of_o a_o hazel_n colour_n the_o eye_n have_v a_o nictating_a membrane_n the_o breast_n and_o belly_n be_v of_o a_o dirty_a pale_a yellow_a the_o throat_n have_v a_o little_a mixture_n of_o red_a ruffi_n under_o the_o low_a chap_n of_o the_o bill_n be_v a_o long_a and_o broad_a stroke_n of_o black_a tend_v downward_o above_o the_o eye_n and_o along_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o head_n be_v whitish_a line_n the_o head_n
little_a gravel_n in_o their_o cage_n all_o time_n of_o the_o year_n for_o the_o reason_n before_o intimate_v the_o first_o member_n or_o subsection_n of_o small_a bird_n with_o slender_a bird_n of_o these_o there_o be_v many_o sort_n all_o beside_o swallow_n may_v convenient_o enough_o be_v divide_v into_o such_o as_o have_v the_o feather_n of_o their_o tail_n all_o of_o one_o colour_n and_o such_o as_o have_v a_o particoloured_a tail_n we_o will_v first_o treat_v of_o lark_n and_o swallow_n by_o themselves_o than_o we_o will_v reduce_v the_o rest_n to_o the_o now_o mention_a head_n chap._n i._o of_o lark_n §._o i._o of_o lark_n in_o general_n a_o lark_n call_v by_o the_o grecian_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d from_o the_o word_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d signify_v a_o helmet_n by_o the_o latin_n also_o cassita_fw-it and_o galerita_n from_o cassis_n and_o galea_n or_o galerus_n of_o like_a signification_n which_o name_n do_v yet_o proper_o agree_v to_o the_o crest_a lark_n be_v distinguish_v from_o other_o sort_n of_o bird_n 1._o by_o its_o long_a heel_n or_o claw_n of_o the_o back-toe_n which_o be_v the_o characteristic_a mark_n of_o this_o bird_n 2._o by_o the_o testaceous_a or_o earthy_a colour_n of_o its_o feather_n which_o note_n be_v not_o common_a to_o all_o the_o bird_n we_o comprehend_v under_o this_o title_n nor_o proper_a to_o this_o kind_n fith_o it_o agree_v to_o sparrow_n and_o other_o bird_n 3._o by_o its_o sing_n as_o it_o fly_v mount_v up_o in_o the_o air_n we_o have_v in_o england_n observe_v four_o sort_n of_o lark_n 1._o the_o most_o common_a one_o 2._o the_o woodlark_n 3._o the_o lesser_a crest_a lark_n 4._o the_o tit-lark_n §._o ii_o the_o common_a skie-lark_n alauda_fw-la vulgaris_fw-la it_o be_v not_o much_o big_a than_o a_o house-sparrow_n yet_o long_o body_v of_o a_o ounce_n and_o half_a weight_n from_o the_o tip_n of_o the_o bill_n to_o the_o claw_n or_o tail-end_n for_o they_o be_v equal_o extend_v six_o inch_n and_o a_o quarter_n the_o end_n of_o the_o great_a feather_n in_o the_o wing_n stretch_v out_o be_v ten_o inch_n and_o a_o quarter_n distant_a the_o bill_n measure_v from_o the_o tip_n to_o the_o angle_n of_o the_o mouth_n be_v three_o quarter_n of_o a_o inch_n long_o the_o upper_a mandible_a black_a or_o horn-coloured_n the_o low_a common_o whitish_a the_o tongue_n broad_a cleave_a hard_a the_o nostril_n round_o it_o sometime_o ruffle_n up_o the_o feather_n of_o its_o head_n almost_o in_o fashion_n of_o a_o crest_n a_o cinereous_a ring_n or_o crown_n compass_n the_o hind_a part_n of_o the_o head_n from_o eye_n to_o eye_n but_o more_o sordid_a and_o less_o conspicuous_a than_o in_o the_o woodlark_n the_o head_n be_v of_o a_o testaceous_a or_o red_a ash-colour_n the_o middle_a part_n of_o the_o feather_n be_v black_a the_o back_n be_v of_o the_o same_o colour_n with_o the_o head_n the_o chin_n whitish_a the_o throat_n yellow_a with_o brown_a spot_n the_o side_n of_o a_o red_a yellow_a each_o wing_n have_v eighteen_o quil-feather_n of_o these_o all_o betwixt_o the_o six_o and_o seventeen_o have_v blunt_a indent_a white_a tip_n the_o edge_n of_o the_o four_o or_o five_o outmost_a be_v white_a of_o those_o next_o the_o body_n cinereous_a of_o the_o rest_n red_a the_o tail_n be_v three_o inch_n long_o consist_v of_o twelve_o feather_n of_o which_o the_o outmost_a on_o each_o side_n have_v both_o its_o upper_a half_n and_o also_o the_o exterior_a vane_n of_o the_o low_a white_a the_o next_o to_o this_o have_v only_o its_o outer_a web_n white_a the_o inner_a be_v black_a the_o three_o follow_v on_o each_o side_n be_v black_a the_o two_o middlemost_a be_v sharp-pointed_a of_o which_o that_o that_o lie_v undermost_a when_o the_o tail_n be_v shut_v have_v ash-coloured_a edge_n that_o which_o cover_v it_o lie_v uppermost_a towards_o the_o tip_n be_v cinereous_a towards_o the_o bottom_n blackish_a the_o foot_n and_o leg_n be_v dusky_a the_o claw_n black_a with_o white_a tip_n the_o outer_a toe_n grow_v to_o the_o middle_n below_o as_o in_o other_o small_a bird_n the_o liver_n be_v divide_v into_o two_o lobe_n the_o left_a much_o less_o than_o the_o right_n that_o there_o may_v be_v room_n for_o the_o gizzard_n which_o in_o this_o bird_n be_v fleshy_a and_o great_a for_o the_o bigness_n of_o the_o bird_n the_o flesh_n be_v very_o sweet_a and_o delicate_a in_o mild_a winter_n it_o feed_v wondrous_a fat_a and_o there_o be_v then_o take_v a_o innumerable_a number_n with_o we_o in_o england_n for_o the_o furnish_n and_o adorn_v of_o our_o table_n as_o polydore_v virgil_n true_o write_v it_o build_v upon_o the_o ground_n and_o lay_v four_o or_o five_o egg_n at_o once_o a_o late_a writer_n say_v three_o or_o four_o and_o that_o to_o his_o knowledge_n he_o never_o find_v five_o in_o all_o his_o life_n this_o bird_n build_v say_v olina_n in_o plain_a open_a ground_n under_o some_o clod_n of_o earth_n other_o say_v in_o corn_n or_o thick_a high_a grass_n in_o meadow_n and_o though_o in_o winter_n we_o see_v great_a flock_n of_o they_o yet_o we_o find_v the_o few_o of_o their_o nest_n of_o any_o bird_n that_o be_v so_o plentiful_a he_o make_v his_o nest_n of_o dry_a herb_n and_o string_n and_o breed_v thrice_o a_o year_n in_o may_n july_n and_o august_n rear_v his_o young_a very_o sudden_o so_o that_o if_o you_o have_v a_o nest_n you_o must_v take_v they_o as_o soon_o as_o they_o be_v spoon-feathered_n or_o else_o you_o run_v the_o risco_fw-la of_o lose_v they_o for_o they_o will_v get_v they_o go_v of_o a_o sudden_a this_o bird_n breed_v much_o late_a than_o the_o woodlark_n by_o almost_o two_o month_n for_o she_o seldom_o have_v young_a one_o before_o the_o middle_n of_o may._n young_a nestling_n may_v be_v bring_v up_o almost_o with_o any_o meat_n but_o if_o you_o give_v they_o sheep_n heart_n and_o egg_n chop_v together_o till_o they_o be_v about_o three_o week_n old_a it_o will_v not_o be_v amiss_o and_o when_o they_o come_v to_o eat_v alone_o give_v they_o oatmeal_n hempseed_n and_o bread_n mix_v together_o with_o a_o little_a egg._n olina_n say_v to_o save_v charge_n you_o may_v feed_v they_o with_o wheat_n oat_n and_o millet_n these_o bird_n that_o be_v so_o young_a may_v be_v bring_v up_o to_o any_o thing_n one_o bird_n learn_v another_o bird_n song_n you_o must_v always_o observe_v to_o give_v they_o sand_n at_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o cage_n and_o let_v they_o have_v a_o new_a turf_n every_o week_n place_v in_o a_o dish_n of_o water_n in_o their_o cage_n which_o must_v be_v as_o large_a as_o two_o of_o the_o wood-lark_n cage_n they_o need_v have_v no_o perche_n in_o their_o cage_n the_o cock_n may_v be_v know_v from_o the_o hen_n according_a to_o olina_n by_o have_v his_o heel_n so_o long_o that_o it_o reach_v beyond_o his_o knee_n and_o have_v two_o black_a spot_n on_o his_o neck_n one_o on_o each_o side_n somewhat_o in_o fashion_n of_o a_o ring_n or_o collar_n his_o breast_n dark_a and_o more_o speckled_a with_o black_a and_o a_o grosser_n body_n my_o english_a author_n say_v that_o those_o you_o intend_v to_o keep_v for_o sing_v be_v best_a be_v take_v in_o october_n or_o november_n and_o then_o they_o will_v sing_v a_o little_a after_o christmas_n and_o advise_v to_o choose_v the_o straight_a large_a and_o lofty_a bird_n and_o he_o that_o have_v most_o white_a in_o his_o tail_n for_o these_o say_v he_o be_v the_o usual_a mark_n for_o a_o cock_n if_o you_o find_v he_o very_o wild_a and_o buckish_a tie_v his_o wing_n for_o two_o or_o three_o week_n till_o he_o be_v become_v both_o acquaint_v and_o tame_a also_o and_o then_o when_o you_o perceive_v he_o pretty_a orderly_a untie_v his_o wing_n still_o let_v he_o hang_v in_o the_o same_o place_n he_o do_v you_o must_v feed_v this_o old_a bird_n with_o hempseed_n bread_n and_o a_o few_o white_a oat_n for_o he_o take_v great_a delight_n to_o husk_n the_o oat_n and_o when_o he_o begin_v to_o sing_v once_o in_o a_o week_n you_o may_v give_v he_o a_o hard_a egg_n or_o shred_v he_o a_o little_a boil_a mutton_n or_o veal_n or_o sheep_n heart_n you_o must_v observe_v in_o this_o bird_n as_o in_o all_o other_o that_o you_o give_v it_o no_o salt_n meat_n nor_o bread_n that_o be_v any_o thing_n salt_n §._o iii_o the_o woodlark_n call_v at_o rome_n tottovilla_n the_o cock_n we_o make_v trial_n in_o weigh_v a_o ounce_n and_o a_o quarter_n its_o length_n from_o bill_n to_o tail_n be_v six_o inch_n and_o a_o half_a the_o distance_n between_o the_o end_n of_o the_o wing_n spread_v twelve_o inch_n and_o a_o half_a it_o be_v lesser_a than_o the_o common_a lark_n and_o short_a body_v it_o be_v bill_n as_o in_o the_o rest_n of_o this_o kind_n
the_o history_n of_o bird_n contain_v such_o bird_n as_o we_o suspect_v for_o fabulous_a or_o such_o as_o be_v too_o brief_o and_o unaccurate_o describe_v to_o give_v we_o a_o full_a and_o sufficient_a knowledge_n of_o they_o take_v out_o of_o franc._n hernandez_n especial_o of_o the_o foolish_a sparrow_n this_o bird_n be_v deserve_o famous_a for_o its_o notable_a folly_n it_o be_v not_o afraid_a of_o they_o that_o go_v to_o catch_v it_o but_o sit_v still_o with_o a_o great_a deal_n of_o confidence_n till_o they_o lay_v their_o hand_n upon_o it_o not_o offer_v to_o fly_v away_o but_o only_o seem_v to_o wonder_v what_o they_o intend_v to_o do_v it_o be_v a_o seafowl_n and_o feed_v upon_o fish_n it_o have_v the_o cry_n of_o a_o jay_n be_v of_o the_o bigness_n of_o a_o magpie_n of_o the_o shape_n and_o colour_n of_o the_o gull_n except_v that_o part_n of_o the_o forehead_n next_o the_o bill_n which_o be_v cinereous_a whole-footed_n it_o be_v bill_n be_v three_o inch_n long_o slender_a round_a and_o straight_o only_o a_o little_a crooked_a near_o the_o tip_n its_o leg_n and_o foot_n which_o be_v like_o those_o of_o other_o whole-footed_n bird_n black_a its_o pupil_n be_v also_o black_a but_o the_o membrane_n about_o the_o pupil_n grey_a the_o tameness_n of_o the_o bird_n of_o the_o island_n cerne_n be_v well_o know_v and_o celebrate_v they_o alight_v upon_o the_o head_n and_o shoulder_n of_o the_o mariner_n that_o go_v ashore_o there_o as_o it_o be_v upon_o tree_n and_o suffer_v themselves_o without_o difficulty_n to_o be_v catch_v come_v ready_o to_o hand_n of_o the_o bird_n call_v day_n lay_v great_a eggs._n the_o bird_n call_v day_n be_v remarkable_a for_o the_o extraordinary_a and_o unusual_a nature_n or_o manner_n of_o its_o egg_n and_o young_a it_o be_v not_o big_a than_o a_o pigeon_n and_o tolerable_a good_a meat_n for_o its_o nest_n it_o scrape_v a_o hole_n with_o its_o foot_n and_o tail_n in_o sandy_a ground_n four_o span_n deep_a where_o when_o the_o rain_v fall_v it_o lay_v its_o egg_n which_o be_v big_a than_o goose-egg_n almost_o as_o broad_a as_o one_o fist_n call_v by_o the_o native_n tapun_v fifty_o or_o more_o in_o number_n be_v of_o a_o gross_a and_o fat_a substance_n without_o any_o yolk_n in_o they_o which_o roast_v or_o boil_v be_v good_a wholesome_a food_n but_o fry_v coarse_a tough_a bad_a and_o of_o hard_a concoction_n it_o be_v very_o strange_a more_o strange_a i_o dare_v say_v than_o true_a that_o so_o little_a a_o bird_n shall_v lay_v so_o great_a egg_n and_o so_o many_o together_o and_o in_o such_o deep_a vault_n under_o ground_n and_o that_o be_v there_o hide_v they_o shall_v be_v hatch_v without_o be_v ever_o sit_v upon_o or_o cherish_v by_o the_o old_a one_o and_o that_o the_o young_a once_o hatch_v shall_v of_o themselves_o present_o fly_v away_o i_o dare_v bold_o say_v that_o this_o history_n be_v altogether_o false_a and_o fabulous_a for_o though_o some_o bird_n lay_v very_o great_a egg_n as_o for_o example_n puffin_n guillemot_n razor-bill_n etc._n etc._n some_o also_o build_v in_o hole_n under_o ground_n yet_o such_o lay_v but_o one_o egg_n not_o a_o great_a many_o before_o they_o sit_v neither_o do_v i_o think_v that_o there_o be_v any_o bird_n in_o the_o world_n who_o egg_n want_v the_o white_a of_o the_o guitguit_fw-la that_o set_v upon_o raven_n a_o little_a body_n contain_v a_o great_a spirit_n and_o courage_n there_o be_v a_o very_a small_a bird_n guitguit_fw-la the_o indian_n call_v it_o like_o the_o wren_n of_o a_o green_a colour_n and_o sweet-tasted_n flesh_n such_o be_v the_o wonderful_a force_n of_o nature_n that_o this_o bird_n as_o little_a as_o it_o be_v and_o next_o to_o nothing_o dare_v set_v upon_o and_o pursue_v whole_a flock_n of_o raven_n and_o force_v they_o to_o hide_v themselves_o from_o it_o and_o to_o take_v shelter_n among_o the_o reed_n i_o suppose_v that_o this_o story_n be_v feign_v in_o imitation_n of_o what_o the_o ancient_n have_v deliver_v concern_v the_o wren_n viz._n that_o with_o great_a courage_n indeed_o fool-hardiness_n she_o dare_v enter_v combat_n with_o the_o eagle_n of_o the_o bird_n call_v maia_n there_o be_v another_o sort_n of_o small_a bird_n especial_o in_o the_o island_n cuba_n that_o fly_v in_o flock_n and_o waste_v the_o field_n or_o plantation_n of_o rice_n which_o grain_n grow_v abundant_o and_o be_v of_o much_o use_n in_o those_o country_n call_v maia_n of_o a_o fulvous_a colour_n its_o flesh_n pleasant_a of_o easy_a concoction_n and_o yield_v a_o plentiful_a nourishment_n who_o stomach_n or_o rather_o craw_n and_o first_o receptacle_n of_o nourishment_n be_v on_o the_o back_n side_n of_o the_o neck_n a_o wonderful_a and_o singular_a thing_n of_o which_o there_o be_v not_o another_o instance_n in_o nature_n of_o the_o yayauhquitotl_n or_o long-tailed_a bird._n there_o proceed_v from_o the_o end_n of_o the_o tail_n or_o rump_n of_o this_o bird_n two_o feather_n long_o than_o the_o rest_n below_z naked_a without_o any_o lateral_a hair-like_a body_n adorn_v at_o the_o tip_n with_o blue_a and_o black_a vane_n the_o body_n of_o the_o bird_n be_v as_o big_a as_o a_o stare_v particoloured_a of_o blue_a green_a fulvous_a and_o grey_a perchance_o this_o may_v be_v the_o same_o bird_n which_o marggrave_n have_v accurate_o describe_v under_o the_o title_n of_o guira-guainumbi_a of_o another_o sort_n of_o xochitenacatl_n that_o be_v the_o toucan_n or_o brasilian_n pie_n this_o bird_n breed_v and_o feed_v on_o the_o shore_n of_o the_o southern_a america_n be_v of_o the_o bigness_n of_o a_o pigeon_n with_o a_o thick_a sharp-pointed_a black_a bill_n black_a eye_n and_o a_o yellow_a iris._n the_o wing_n and_o tail_n be_v particoloured_a of_o black_a and_o white_a a_o black_a list_n reach_v from_o the_o bill_n to_o the_o very_a end_n of_o the_o breast_n yet_o be_v there_o some_o yellow_a about_o the_o forepart_n of_o the_o wing_n the_o rest_n of_o the_o body_n general_o be_v of_o a_o pale_a colour_n except_v the_o foot_n and_o leg_n which_o be_v brown_a and_o the_o claw_n which_o from_o white_a incline_v somewhat_o to_o a_o pale_a yellow_a it_o live_v about_o flower_a tree_n feed_v upon_o the_o honey_n it_o suck_v out_o of_o their_o flower_n it_o breed_v its_o young_a in_o the_o spring_n and_o be_v much_o esteem_v by_o the_o tototepecenses_n in_o who_o country_n it_o be_v very_o frequent_a of_o the_o bird_n call_v momot_n this_o abide_v and_o delight_n in_o hot_a country_n it_o be_v of_o the_o bigness_n of_o a_o dove_n have_v scarlet-coloured_n eye_n with_o a_o black_a pupil_n a_o crooked_a blackish_a bill_n almost_o three_o inch_n long_o sharp-pointed_a the_o nether_a chap_n short_a the_o upper_a serrate_n a_o blue_a head_n like_o a_o peacock_n brown_a foot_n the_o rest_n of_o the_o body_n green_fw-mi what_o be_v rare_a and_o extraordinary_a in_o this_o bird_n be_v that_o it_o have_v in_o its_o tail_n one_o quill_n long_o than_o the_o rest_n and_o which_o be_v feather_v only_o at_o the_o 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a_o ell_n or_o a_o ell_n long_o wherewith_o they_o pierce_v they_o through_o and_o draw_v they_o out_o they_o do_v not_o usual_o take_v the_o dam_n herself_o except_o she_o be_v sometime_o hurt_v with_o the_o hook_n that_o she_o can_v live_v if_o they_o can_v get_v the_o young_a one_o with_o their_o hook_n or_o by_o thrust_v their_o arm_n into_o the_o bird_n nest_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o many_o turn_n they_o dig_v a_o hole_n down_o to_o it_o as_o near_o as_o they_o can_v guess_v and_o then_o thrust_v about_o with_o their_o hook_n till_o they_o can_v get_v it_o which_o hole_n they_o must_v again_o stop_v so_o close_o that_o not_o one_o drop_n of_o water_n can_v come_v into_o it_o for_o else_o she_o will_v forsake_v her_o hole_n and_o never_o come_v thither_o more_o which_o otherwise_o she_o do_v every_o year_n in_o the_o wont_a place_n so_o that_o the_o inhabitant_n know_v where_o under_o the_o earth_n to_o find_v that_o bird_n nest_n yearly_a the_o lunde_n so_o call_v also_o by_o 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and_o this_o they_o call_v a_o stang_n or_o staff_n with_o this_o staff_n the_o fowler_n sit_v on_o the_o cliff_n or_o in_o the_o ure_n among_o the_o great_a stone_n where_o he_o know_v most_o fowl_n to_o come_v which_o they_o call_v flight-place_n and_o when_o the_o lunde_n come_v fly_v either_o from_o or_o to_o the_o land_n he_o lift_v up_o the_o staff_n and_o the_o net_n against_o the_o fowl_n and_o when_o he_o have_v get_v it_o into_o the_o net_n he_o turn_v the_o staff_n about_o that_o it_o may_v entangle_v itself_o the_o better_a therein_o a_o man_n be_v sometime_o able_a to_o take_v two_o hundred_o lunde_n in_o that_o manner_n in_o a_o very_a short_a time_n the_o lumwifve_n that_o be_v hoiers_fw-fr lomwia_fw-la and_o our_o guillem_n or_o skout_n lay_v her_o egg_n guillem_n on_o the_o bare_a point_n and_o cliff_n of_o high_a rock_n and_o promontory_n there_o lie_v on_o these_o cliff_n some_o hundred_o egg_n according_a as_o the_o place_n be_v large_a but_o three_o finger_n 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fit_a for_o that_o work_n call_v fowler_n who_o take_v they_o usual_o in_o two_o manner_n for_o either_o they_o climb_v from_o below_o up_o into_o these_o high_a promontory_n that_o be_v as_o steep_a as_o a_o wall_n or_o they_o let_v themselves_o down_o into_o they_o from_o above_o with_o a_o thick_a strong_a hemp-rope_n when_o they_o climb_v from_o below_o they_o have_v then_o a_o pole_n five_o or_o six_o ell_n long_o with_o a_o iron_n hook_n at_o the_o end_n which_o they_o that_o be_v below_o in_o the_o boat_n or_o on_o the_o clift_n fasten_v unto_o the_o man_n girdle_n or_o another_o rope_n that_o the_o fowler_n have_v about_o he_o
they_o be_v furnish_v with_o a_o bill_n of_o a_o use_n horny_a substance_n by_o tooth_n we_o understand_v tooth_n proper_o so_o call_v viz._n such_o as_o be_v distinct_a and_o separable_a from_o the_o mandible_n for_o in_o some_o bird_n as_o for_o example_n divers_n the_o bill_n themselves_o be_v tooth_v or_o indent_v after_o the_o manner_n of_o a_o saw_n the_o bill_n in_o bird_n have_v two_o principal_a use_n the_o one_o as_o a_o instrument_n to_o gather_v and_o receive_v their_o food_n the_o other_o as_o a_o weapon_n to_o fight_v with_o either_o by_o assault_v other_o or_o defend_v and_o revenge_v themselves_o these_o i_o say_v be_v the_o principal_a use_n beside_o which_o it_o serve_v they_o also_o for_o other_o purpose_n to_o wit_n build_v their_o nest_n feed_v their_o young_a preen_v their_o feather_n and_o some_o for_o climb_v as_o the_o parrot_n and_o shell-apple_n 2._o in_o all_o bird_n except_o nocturnal_a one_o the_o head_n be_v small_a and_o bear_v less_o proportion_n head_n to_o the_o body_n than_o in_o quadruped_n that_o it_o may_v more_o ready_o divide_v the_o air_n in_o fly_v and_o make_v way_n for_o the_o body_n render_v its_o passage_n more_o easy_a 3._o in_o bird_n and_o fish_n the_o eye_n be_v more_o flat_a and_o depress_v than_o in_o quadruped_n eye_n a_o circle_n of_o small_a plate_n of_o bone_n place_v scalewise_o under_o the_o outward_a coat_n tunica_fw-la sclerode_n where_o the_o processus_fw-la ciliare_n be_v encompass_n the_o pupil_n of_o each_o eye_n in_o bird_n to_o strengthen_v the_o eye_n and_o defend_v they_o from_o injury_n moreover_o most_o if_o not_o all_o bird_n have_v a_o membrane_n for_o nictation_n call_v in_o latin_a periophthalmium_fw-la wherewithal_o fornictation_n they_o can_v at_o their_o pleasure_n cover_v their_o eye_n though_o their_o eyelid_n be_v open_a this_o have_v its_o rise_n from_o the_o great_a or_o more_o obtuse_a corner_n of_o the_o eye_n and_o serve_v to_o wipe_v cleanse_v and_o perchance_o moisten_v the_o 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they_o be_v whole_o cover_v with_o skin_n and_o feather_n in_o our_o observation_n the_o cavity_n contain_v the_o brain_n be_v great_a than_o the_o orbit_n of_o either_o eye_n in_o many_o not_o to_o say_v all_o bird_n 4._o all_o bird_n want_v the_o external_a ear_n stand_v out_o from_o the_o head_n for_o though_o there_o ear._n be_v a_o sort_n of_o owl_n call_v in_o latin_a noctua_n aurita_fw-la or_o the_o ear_a owl_n yet_o have_v it_o not_o ear_n proper_o so_o call_v but_o only_a feather_n stick_v out_o on_o each_o side_n the_o head_n somewhat_o resemble_v ear_n or_o horn_n and_o be_v therefore_o call_v also_o the_o horn-owl_n i_o suppose_v the_o feather_n encompass_v the_o ear-hole_n in_o bird_n supply_v the_o defect_n of_o the_o exterior_a ear._n in_o most_o sort_n the_o ear-hole_n be_v open_a and_o uncover_v but_o in_o all_o nocturnal_a and_o some_o diurnal_a rapacious_a bird_n provide_v with_o cover_n 5._o the_o bridle_n of_o the_o mouth_n or_o the_o membrane_n connect_v the_o 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for_o that_o otherwise_o they_o neck_n can_v not_o commodious_o gather_v up_o their_o food_n either_o on_o land_n or_o in_o the_o water_n but_o on_o the_o other_o side_n those_o which_o have_v long_a neck_n have_v not_o always_o long_a leg_n as_o appear_v in_o swan_n goose_n and_o other_o waterfowl_n who_o neck_n serve_v they_o to_o reach_v to_o the_o bottom_n of_o river_n lake_n and_o pool_n of_o water_n to_o fetch_v up_o thence_o snail_n whilk_n infect_v seed_n and_o herb_n while_o their_o body_n swim_v on_o the_o surface_n of_o the_o water_n 8._o all_o bird_n instead_o of_o channel-bone_n claviculae_fw-la wherewith_o many_o quadruped_n be_v furnish_v have_v a_o bone_n which_o we_o in_o english_a common_o call_v the_o merrithought_n merrithought_n furcula_fw-la 9_o all_o bird_n whatsoever_o have_v wing_n or_o rudiment_n of_o wing_n which_o answer_n to_o the_o foreleg_n in_o quadruped_n among_o land-fowl_n the_o ostrich_n cassowary_n and_o dodo_n wing_n among_o waterfowl_n the_o 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feather_n grow_v which_o we_o call_v the_o interior_a bastard_n wing_n which_o in_o most_o bird_n be_v white_a of_o colour_n wing_n 10._o all_o bird_n be_v two-legged_a which_o be_v common_a to_o they_o with_o man_n who_o be_v therefore_o define_v by_o plato_n animal_n implume_v bipe_n a_o two-legged_a animal_n without_o feather_n to_o foot_n distinguish_v he_o from_o bird_n but_o this_o definition_n be_v render_v ridiculous_a by_o diogenes_n turn_v loose_a a_o cock_n with_o his_o feather_n pluck_v off_o and_o cry_v ecce_fw-la hominem_fw-la platonicum_n see_v plato_n man_n to_o mend_v the_o matter_n and_o secure_v the_o definition_n from_o cavil_n and_o derision_n they_o add_v to_o it_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d with_o broad_a nail_n think_v that_o thereby_o they_o have_v perfect_o exclude_v all_o bird_n whereas_o have_v diogenes_n be_v well_o skill_v in_o the_o history_n of_o bird_n he_o may_v have_v soon_o fit_v himself_o with_o a_o bird_n to_o pluck_v that_o shall_v have_v answer_v their_o reform_a definition_n as_o well_o as_o a_o cock_n do_v their_o original_n viz._n a_o didapper_n or_o loon_n and_o also_o a_o stork_n that_o have_v broad_a nail_n as_o well_o as_o man_n but_o to_o leave_v that_o and_o return_v to_o the_o matter_n in_o hand_n some_o swallow_n indeed_o be_v call_v footless_a apodes_n not_o because_o they_o do_v altogether_o want_v foot_n and_o leg_n but_o because_o they_o have_v very_o short_a little_a and_o infirm_a one_o these_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o length_n of_o their_o wing_n and_o shortness_n of_o their_o leg_n if_o they_o happen_v to_o fall_v on_o the_o ground_n can_v hardly_o raise_v themselves_o again_o but_o that_o the_o bird_n of_o paradise_n so_o call_v shall_v want_v foot_n as_o be_v not_o long_o since_o general_o believe_v paradise_n not_o only_o by_o the_o vulgar_a but_o also_o by_o the_o great_a naturalist_n themselves_o even_o such_o as_o
the_o train_n bird_n that_o have_v more_o straight_a bill_n and_o claw_n be_v either_o the_o great_a or_o the_o lesser_a which_o we_o call_v small_a bird_n under_o the_o title_n of_o great_a we_o comprehend_v all_o that_o do_v exceed_v or_o equal_v the_o common_a thrush_n or_o mavis_n in_o bigness_n yet_o to_o some_o kind_n of_o big_a bird_n as_o for_o example_n woodpecker_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o agreement_n of_o the_o characteristic_a note_n we_o be_v force_v to_o add_v one_o or_o two_o bird_n lesser_a than_o thrush_n the_o great_a be_v either_o such_o as_o have_v large_a strong_a straight_o and_o long_a bill_n or_o lesser_a and_o short_a one_o the_o first_o be_v either_o such_o as_o feed_v promiscuous_o upon_o flesh_n infect_v and_o fruit_n or_o grain_n or_o at_o least_o infect_v and_o fruit_n or_o such_o as_o feed_v upon_o infect_v only_a those_o in_o respect_n of_o colour_n may_v be_v divide_v into_o two_o kind_n viz._n 1._o the_o crow-kind_n who_o body_n be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n of_o one_o colour_n and_o black_a 2._o the_o pie-kind_n who_o body_n be_v cover_v with_o particoloured_a feather_n of_o these_o that_o feed_v only_o on_o infect_v there_o be_v but_o one_o kind_n v_o g._n woodpecker_n such_o as_o have_v lesser_a and_o short_a bill_n may_v be_v distinguish_v by_o the_o colour_n of_o their_o flesh_n into_o such_o as_o have_v white_a flesh_n and_o such_o as_o have_v black_a flesh_n those_o that_o have_v white_a flesh_n be_v the_o poultry_n kind_n hen_n peacock_n turkey_n etc._n etc._n those_o that_o have_v black_a flesh_n be_v either_o the_o great_a that_o lie_v but_o two_o egg_n at_o a_o time_n as_o pigeon_n or_o the_o lesser_a which_o lay_v more_o than_o two_o egg_n at_o once_o as_o the_o thrush_n kind_n the_o lesser_a sort_n of_o bird_n with_o straight_a bill_n such_o as_o we_o usual_o call_v small_a bird_n may_v be_v divide_v according_a to_o their_o bill_n into_o such_o as_o have_v slender_a bill_n and_o such_o as_o have_v thick_a and_o short_a bill_n of_o both_o kind_n there_o be_v many_o subalternate_a species_n of_o which_o when_o we_o come_v to_o treat_v of_o small_a bird_n chap._n ix_o a_o catalogue_n of_o english_a bird_n as_o well_o of_o such_o as_o abide_v here_o all_o the_o year_n and_o never_o change_v place_n as_o of_o such_o which_o at_o set_a time_n come_v and_o go_v which_o we_o call_v bird_n of_o passage_n rapacious_a diurnal_a bird_n the_o eagle_n which_o do_v not_o only_o come_v over_o hither_o to_o prey_n but_o also_o many_o time_n build_v and_o breed_v with_o we_o yearly_o they_o say_v upon_o the_o high_a rock_n of_o snowdon_n in_o carnarvonshire_n in_o the_o year_n of_o our_o lord_n 1668._o in_o the_o woodland_n near_o the_o river_n derwent_n in_o the_o peak_n of_o derbyshire_n be_v find_v a_o eagle's_n nest_n make_v of_o great_a stick_n rest_v one_o end_n on_o the_o ledge_n of_o a_o rock_n the_o other_o on_o two_o birch-tree_n upon_o which_o be_v a_o layer_n of_o rush_n and_o over_o they_o a_o layer_n of_o heath_n and_o upon_o the_o heath_n rush_n again_o upon_o which_o lie_v one_o young_a one_o and_o a_o addle_n egg_n and_o by_o they_o a_o lamb_n and_o a_o hare_n and_o three_o heathpoult_n the_o nest_n be_v about_o two_o yard_n square_a and_o have_v no_o hollow_a in_o it_o the_o young_a eagle_n be_v as_o black_a as_o a_o hobby_n of_o the_o shape_n of_o a_o goshawk_n of_o almost_o the_o weight_n of_o a_o goose_n rough-footed_a or_o feather_v down_o to_o the_o foot_n have_v a_o white_a ring_n about_o the_o tail_n i_o suppose_v this_o be_v of_o the_o same_o kind_n with_o those_o keep_v in_o the_o tower_n of_o london_n which_o we_o have_v describe_v under_o the_o title_n of_o the_o golden_a eagle_n with_o a_o white_a ring_n about_o its_o tail_n the_o sea-eagle_n or_o osprey_n haliaeetus_n sive_fw-la ossifraga_n which_o prey_v often_o upon_o our_o river_n there_o be_v a_o airy_a of_o they_o in_o whinfield-park_n westmoreland_n preserve_v careful_o by_o the_o countess_n of_o penbroke_a but_o the_o report_n of_o their_o have_v one_o webed_a foot_n be_v fabulous_a mr._n johnson_n the_o falcon_n falco_n be_v find_v to_o build_v in_o scotland_n we_o have_v be_v tell_v that_o there_o be_v a_o very_o of_o they_o near_o holy-head_n in_o the_o isle_n of_o anglesey_n in_o wales_n the_o common_a buzzard_n buteo_n sive_fw-la triorche_n this_o bird_n be_v a_o great_a destroyer_n of_o coney_n the_o honey-buzzard_n buteo_n apivorus_fw-la sive_fw-la vespivorus_fw-la this_o be_v like_o the_o precedent_n differ_v in_o that_o it_o have_v a_o ash-coloured_a ring_n or_o broad_a bar_n across_o the_o train_n and_o wing_n the_o bald_a buzzard_n balbusardus_fw-la anglorum_fw-la haliaeetus_n aldrov_n this_o be_v by_o some_o call_v the_o sea-eagle_n and_o prey_v upon_o fish_n the_o moor-buzzard_n milvus_fw-la aeruginosus_n aldrov_n this_o be_v know_v by_o be_v all_o over_o of_o a_o dark_a fulvous_a or_o chestnut_n colour_n except_o the_o crown_n of_o the_o head_n which_o be_v of_o a_o pale_a clay_n colour_n the_o kite_n or_o glead_v milvus_fw-la the_o characteristic_a note_n whereof_o be_v its_o fork_a tail_n wherein_o it_o differ_v from_o all_o other_o rapacious_a bird_n that_o we_o have_v see_v the_o ring-tail_n pygargus_fw-la accipiter_fw-la subbuteo_n turneri_fw-la the_o male_a whereof_o be_v call_v the_o henharry_a from_o prey_v upon_o hen_n he_o do_v say_v turner_n on_o a_o sudden_a strike_v at_o bird_n in_o the_o field_n or_o pullen_n in_o town_n and_o miss_v of_o his_o prey_n depart_v sly_o and_o silent_o never_o make_v a_o second_o attempt_n of_o all_o bird_n of_o prey_n fly_v near_a the_o ground_n gesner_n suspect_v this_o fowl_n to_o be_v the_o circus_n of_o the_o ancient_n the_o sparrow_n hawk_n accipiter_fw-la fringillarius_fw-la recentiorum_fw-la nisus_n &_o sparverius_fw-la the_o male_a or_o tarcel_n of_o this_o be_v call_v a_o musket_n after_o the_o french_a name_n this_o be_v a_o great_a destroyer_n of_o pigeon_n too_o frequent_a with_o we_o the_o hobby_n subbuteo_n bellonii_n &_o aldrov_n this_o from_o persecute_v of_o lark_n which_o be_v its_o chief_a and_o particular_a game_n be_v not_o unfit_o by_o mr._n johnson_n entitle_v accipiter_fw-la alandarius_fw-la the_o kestrel_n stannel_n or_o stonegal_n and_o in_o some_o place_n the_o windhover_n because_o it_o do_v as_o it_o be_v fan_v the_o wind_n by_o the_o motion_n of_o its_o wing_n hover_v in_o the_o same_o place_n hence_o the_o german_n also_o call_v it_o wannenwacher_n that_o be_v the_o wind-fan_a tinnunculus_fw-la seucenchris_n the_o great_a butcher-bird_n or_o mattagesse_n and_o in_o the_o peak_n of_o darbyshire_n after_o the_o german_a name_n wierangel_n or_o werangel_n lanius_n cinereus_fw-la major_n this_o our_o falconer_n sometime_o reclaim_v and_o train_n up_o for_o small_a bird_n she_o sit_v upon_o a_o high_a bough_n make_v a_o uncouth_a noise_n the_o bird_n thereby_o allure_v become_v her_o prey_n the_o wood-chat_n lanius_n minor_a cinereo-ruffus_a the_o lesser_a red_a butcher-bird_n lanius_n minor_fw-la rubescens_fw-la this_o bird_n have_v no_o particular_a english_a name_n that_o we_o know_v of_o we_o have_v impose_v this_o upon_o it_o these_o bird_n be_v call_v also_o in_o latin_a colluriones_n and_o in_o english_a by_o dr._n turner_n shriek_n it_o be_v common_a to_o all_o these_o butcher-bird_n to_o have_v black_a bristle_n about_o their_o bill_n the_o cuckoo_n cuculus_n who_o because_o he_o prey_v only_o upon_o the_o egg_n of_o bird_n and_o be_v therefore_o pursue_v not_o attend_v as_o be_v say_v by_o the_o moor-titling_a or_o their_o young_a one_o in_o the_o nest_n have_v small_a and_o weak_a beak_n and_o talon_n and_o therefore_o disappear_v in_o winter_n when_o such_o food_n be_v not_o to_o be_v have_v i_o have_v know_v one_o keep_v with_o all_o imaginable_a care_n but_o whether_o through_o alteration_n of_o food_n or_o some_o other_o cause_n before_o winter_n she_o grow_v torpid_a break_v out_o in_o scab_n and_o die_v the_o young_a one_o be_v curious_o spot_v i_o have_v see_v one_o in_o harvest_n partly_o spot_v partly_o cinereous_a mr._n johnson_n rapacious_a nocturnal_a bird_n the_o horn-owl_n otus_n sive_fw-la noctua_n aurita_fw-la call_v also_o by_o the_o latin_n asio_fw-la according_a to_o pliny_n the_o common_a white_a owl_n or_o barn-owl_n this_o mr._n johnson_n call_v the_o church-owl_n by_o which_o name_n the_o low_a dutch_a also_o call_v a_o sort_n of_o owl_n the_o brown_a or_o ivy-owl_n and_o from_o its_o schreek_v noise_n the_o screech-owl_n strix_n aldrov_n the_o grey_z owl_n asbig_a as_o the_o former_a dr._n charleton_n in_o his_o onomasticon_fw-la zoicon_fw-la attribute_n the_o english_a name_n gill-hoot_a to_o this_o bird_n which_o be_v i_o suppose_v a_o general_a name_n of_o all_o owl_n the_o fern_n owl_n or_o churn-owl_n or_o goat-sucker_n caprimulgus_fw-la in_o the_o mountainous_a wood_n in_o the_o peak_n of_o derbyshire_n the_o
of_o england_n swallow_n the_o common_a house_n swallow_v hirundo_fw-la domestica_fw-la the_o martin_n or_o martlet_n hirundo_fw-la agrestis_fw-la seu_fw-la rustica_fw-la plin._n the_o sand-martin_n or_o shore-bird_n hirundo_fw-la riparia_fw-la the_o black_a martin_n or_o swift_n hirundo_fw-la apus_n titmise_v the_o great_a titmouse_n or_o oxe-eye_n parus_n major_n seu_fw-la fringillago_n the_o black-headed_n titmouse_n parus_n altar_n gesn_a the_o marsh_n titmouse_n parus_n palustris_fw-la the_o blue_a titmouse_n or_o nun_n parus_n caeruleus_fw-la the_o long-tailed_a titmouse_n parus_n caudatus_fw-la water_n wagtail_n the_o white_a motacilla_n alba_fw-la this_o come_v every_o seedtime_n and_o follow_v the_o ploughman_n and_o be_v therefore_o by_o he_o call_v the_o seed_n bird._n mr._n johnson_n the_o common_a yellow_a mot._n flava_fw-la the_o other_o yellow_a mot._n flava_fw-la altera_fw-la this_o be_v observe_v in_o the_o north_n by_o mr._n johnson_n and_o the_o description_n thereof_o communicate_v to_o we_o the_o nightingale_n luscinia_fw-la seu_fw-la philomela_n the_o redstart_n ruticilla_n phoenicuros_n the_o robbin-redbreast_n or_o ruddock_n rubecula_fw-la sive_fw-la erithacus_n the_o black_a chat_n or_o beccafigo_n atricapilla_n the_o stone-smich_a or_o stone-chat_a muscicapa_n tertia_fw-la aldrov_n this_o be_v as_o i_o suppose_v the_o rubetra_n of_o bellonius_fw-la and_o the_o moor-titling_a of_o turner_n the_o whin-chat_n oenanthe_n nostra_fw-la secunda_fw-la seu_fw-la rubicola_n the_o coldfinch_n of_o the_o german_n this_o notwithstanding_o the_o name_n be_v nothing_o akin_a to_o the_o finche_n it_o be_v find_v in_o the_o mountain_n of_o the_o peak_n in_o derbyshire_n the_o white-throat_n spipola_n prima_fw-la aldrov_n fortè_fw-la the_o hedge-sparrow_n curruca_n eliotae_fw-la pettichap_n ficedula_fw-la septima_fw-la aldrov_n a_o bird_n like_o to_o the_o stoparola_n of_o aldrov_n which_o we_o once_o take_v to_o be_v the_o moucherolle_n of_o bellonius_fw-la we_o have_v not_o hear_v of_o any_o english_a name_n of_o this_o the_o golden-crowned_a wren_n regulus_n cristatus_fw-la the_o bird_n call_v by_o aldrovand_n regulus_n non_fw-la cristatus_fw-la a_o asilus_n a_o luteola_fw-la turneri_fw-la we_o know_v not_o any_o english_a name_n of_o this_o it_o sing_v like_o a_o grasshopper_n the_o wren_n passer_n troglodite_n this_o bird_n be_v former_o mistake_v for_o the_o regulus_n to_o these_o may_v be_v add_v the_o king-fisher_n ispida_n which_o be_v of_o a_o peculiar_a kind_n by_o himself_o be_v a_o piscivorous_a land-bird_n see_v also_o among_o cloven-footed_a waterfowl_n with_o bill_n of_o middle_a length_n small_a bird_n with_o thick_a and_o short_a bill_n the_o grosbeak_n or_o hawfinch_n coccothraustes_n it_o be_v but_o seldom_o see_v in_o england_n and_o that_o only_a or_o chief_o in_o winter_n the_o green-finch_n call_v in_o the_o northern_a part_n of_o england_n the_o green_a linnet_n chloris_n the_o bull-finch_n alphonso_n or_o nope_n rubicilla_n seu_fw-la pyrrhula_n the_o shell-apple_n or_o cross-bill_n loxia_n this_o come_v over_o sometime_o in_o the_o autumn_n but_o seldom_o abide_v the_o whole_a year_n with_o we_o the_o house-sparrow_n passer_n domesticus_n the_o chaffe-finch_n fringilla_n the_o bramble_n or_o bramble_n montisringilla_n of_o this_o mr._n johnson_n have_v late_o observe_v two_o new_a species_n or_o variety_n the_o one_o about_o the_o size_n of_o the_o common_a sort_n the_o other_o somewhat_o big_a than_o a_o lark_n both_o have_v chesnut_n head_n and_o white_a wing_n the_o goldfinch_n carduelis_fw-la acanthis_fw-la the_o common_a linnet_n linaria_fw-la vulgaris_fw-la the_o great_a redheaded_n linnet_n linaria_fw-la rubra_n major_a the_o lesser_a redheaded_n linnet_n linaria_fw-la rubra_n minor_fw-la the_o siskin_n spinus_fw-la sive_fw-la ligurinus_n the_o bunting_n emberiza_n alba_fw-la gesn_a the_o yellowhammer_n emberiza_n flava_fw-la water_n fowl_n and_o first_o clovenfooted_n such_o as_o live_v about_o water_n and_o frequent_v watery_a place_n the_o great_a kind_a 1._o the_o crane_n common_a in_o the_o fen_n of_o lincolnshire_n and_o in_o cambridgeshire_n grus_fw-la 2._o the_o common_a heron_n or_o heron-shaw_n ardea_n cinerea_fw-la major_n it_o build_v upon_o tree_n and_o be_v a_o great_a destroyer_n of_o fish_n 3._o the_o white_a heron_n ardea_n alba_fw-la 4._o the_o bittour_n or_o bittern_n call_v in_o the_o north_n of_o england_n the_o miredrum_n who_o drum_n note_n say_v mr._n johnson_n i_o have_v in_o a_o evening_n hear_v a_o mile_n off_o ardea_n stellaris_fw-la sive_fw-la taurus_n this_o i_o suppose_v be_v the_o bird_n which_o the_o vulgar_a call_v the_o night-raven_n and_o have_v a_o great_a dread_n of_o it_o build_v upon_o the_o ground_n and_o lay_v four_o or_o five_o eggs._n the_o middle_a and_o lesser_a kind_n 1._o with_o very_o long_a bill_n 1._o the_o curlew_n arquata_n sive_fw-la numenius_n 2._o the_o whimbrell_n or_o small_a 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voice_n the_o tewit_n capella_n sive_fw-la vannellus_fw-la 2._o the_o green_a plover_n pluvialis_fw-la viridis_fw-la call_v also_o pardalus_n because_o spot_v almost_o like_o a_o leopard_n 3._o the_o grey_z plover_n pluvialis_fw-la cinerea_fw-la 4._o the_o stone-curlew_a oedicnemus_n bellonii_n 5._o the_o dotterel_n morinellus_n 6._o the_o sea-lark_n charadrius_n sive_fw-la hiaticula_n these_o three_o last_o name_v bird_n do_v all_o want_v the_o back-toe_n 7._o the_o turnstone_n cinclus_n turneri_fw-la sortè_fw-la this_o bird_n we_o find_v on_o the_o sea-coast_n of_o cornwall_n it_o be_v big_a than_o a_o blackbird_n and_o lesser_a than_o a_o plover_n water_n fowl_n that_o swim_v i._o clovenfooted_n some_o of_o which_o may_v be_v call_v fin-toed_n because_o they_o have_v lateral_a appendant_a membrane_n on_o each_o side_n their_o toe_n 1._o the_o crest_v diver_n colymbus_n cristatus_fw-la 2._o the_o ash-coloured_n diver_n colymbus_n cinereus_fw-la major_n 3._o the_o didapper_n dobchick_n or_o doucker_n colymbus_n minor_fw-la 4._o the_o great_a diver_n or_o loon_n colymbus_n maximus_fw-la this_o bird_n be_v whole-footed_n but_o for_o its_o perfect_a agreement_n with_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o colymbi_fw-la we_o have_v subjoin_v it_o to_o they_o all_o these_o bird_n be_v also_o call_v loon_n and_o arsfeet_n from_o the_o situation_n of_o their_o leg_n just_a behind_o 5._o the_o common_a water-hen_n or_o morehen_fw-ge gallinula_n chloropus_n this_o and_o the_o follow_a bird_n run_v swift_o 6._o the_o water-rail_a rallus_fw-la aquaticus_fw-la 7._o the_o coot_n or_o bell-coot_n fulica_fw-la ii_o whole-footed_n bird_n and_o first_o 1._o such_o as_o have_v but_o three_o toe_n 1._o the_o coulter-neb_n pope_n mullet_n and_o in_o some_o place_n the_o puffin_n anas_n arctica_fw-la clus_o fratercula_n quorundam_fw-la 2._o the_o razor-bill_n auk_n or_o murr_n alca_n hoieri_n 3._o the_o guilliam_n or_o guillemot_n sea-hen_n or_o kiddaw_n lomwia_fw-la hoieri_fw-la 4._o the_o 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and_o the_o fowl_n will_v not_o only_o apprehend_v but_o eschew_v it_o therefore_o if_o you_o use_v they_o you_o must_v either_o not_o move_v they_o at_o all_o or_o so_o slow_o as_o that_o their_o motion_n shall_v not_o be_v perceive_v section_n ii_o of_o the_o take_n of_o land-fowl_n chap._n i._n several_a way_n of_o take_v they_o by_o night_n §._o i._o of_o take_v bird_n with_o the_o low-bell_n this_o be_v of_o use_n chief_o in_o champain_n country_n and_o that_o from_o the_o end_n of_o october_n till_o the_o end_n of_o march_n follow_v about_o eight_o of_o the_o clock_n at_o night_n the_o air_n be_v mild_a and_o the_o moon_n not_o shine_v take_v your_o low-bell_n of_o such_o size_n as_o a_o man_n may_v well_o carry_v it_o in_o one_o hand_n have_v a_o deep_a hollow_a and_o sad_a sound_n and_o with_o it_o a_o net_n of_o small_a mash_n at_o least_o twenty_o yard_n deep_a and_o so_o broad_a as_o to_o cover_v five_o or_o six_o ordinary_a land_n or_o more_o according_a as_o you_o have_v company_n to_o carry_v it_o and_o go_v into_o a_o stubble-field_n a_o wheat_n stubble_n be_v the_o best_a he_o that_o carry_v the_o bell_n must_v go_v foremost_a and_o toll_v it_o as_o he_o go_v along_o as_o solemn_o as_o may_v be_v let_v it_o but_o now_o and_o then_o knock_v on_o both_o side_n then_o shall_v follow_v the_o net_n bear_v up_o at_o each_o corner_n and_o on_o each_o side_n another_o must_v carry_v a_o pan_n of_o live_a coal_n but_o not_o blaze_v at_o these_o have_v pitch_v your_o net_n where_o you_o think_v any_o game_n be_v you_o must_v light_v bundle_n of_o hay_n straw_n or_o stubble_n or_o else_o link_n and_o torch_n and_o with_o noise_n and_o pole_n beat_v up_o all_o the_o bird_n under_o the_o net_n that_o they_o may_v rise_v and_o entangle_v themselves_o in_o it_o and_o you_o take_v they_o at_o pleasure_n which_o do_v extinguish_v your_o light_n and_o proceed_v to_o another_o place_n do_v as_o before_o n._n the_o sound_n of_o the_o low-bell_n astony_n the_o bird_n and_o make_v they_o lie_v close_o and_o the_o blaze_n of_o light_n dazzle_v their_o eye_n affright_v they_o and_o cause_v they_o to_o rise_v and_o make_v to_o it_o n._n 2._o in_o this_o pastime_n all_o must_v be_v do_v with_o great_a silence_n no_o noise_n be_v hear_v but_o the_o low-bell_n only_o till_o the_o net_n be_v place_v and_o the_o light_n blaze_v and_o then_o you_o may_v use_v your_o pleasure_n which_o once_o extinguish_v a_o general_a silence_n must_v be_v again_o make_v §._o ii_o of_o take_v bird_n with_o the_o trammel_v the_o trammel_v be_v much_o like_o the_o lowbel_a net_n only_o it_o may_v be_v make_v somewhat_o long_o but_o not_o much_o broad_a this_o net_n when_o you_o come_v to_o a_o fit_a place_n spread_v on_o the_o ground_n and_o let_v the_o hinder_a end_n thereof_o be_v plume_v with_o lead_n lie_v loose_a on_o the_o ground_n but_o the_o foremost_a end_n at_o the_o two_o corner_n be_v bear_v up_o by_o the_o strength_n of_o man_n a_o full_a yard_n or_o more_o from_o the_o ground_n and_o so_o trail_v the_o net_n along_o the_o ground_n on_o each_o side_n the_o net_n some_o must_v carry_v great_a blaze_a light_n of_o fire_n and_o by_o the_o light_n other_o must_v march_v with_o long_a pole_n to_o beat_v up_o the_o bird_n as_o you_o go_v and_o as_o they_o rise_v so_o take_v they_o in_o this_o sort_n you_o may_v go_v over_o a_o whole_a field_n or_o any_o other_o champain_n ground_n §._o iii_o how_o they_o take_v bird_n in_o italy_n by_o night_n with_o a_o light_n and_o a_o net_n call_v lanciotoia_n this_o sport_n be_v most_o use_v in_o the_o champain_n of_o rome_n the_o net_n be_v of_o the_o mash_n of_o a_o ordinary_a lark-net_n it_o be_v fasten_v to_o two_o green_a stick_n of_o pliant_a wood_n twice_o so_o big_a as_o one_o great_a finger_a and_o english_a two_o or_o three_o roman_n yard_n long_o these_o stick_n must_v be_v fasten_v to_o the_o end_n of_o a_o square_a baston_n of_o two_o yard_n and_o half_a long_a in_o two_o hole_n a_o little_a distant_a the_o one_o from_o the_o other_o and_o cover_v with_o the_o same_o net_n this_o baston_n serve_v for_o a_o handle_n to_o carry_v and_o manage_v the_o net_n with_o and_o may_v be_v as_o well_o round_o as_o square_v and_o then_o the_o whole_a instrument_n will_v somewhat_o resemble_v a_o racket_n such_o as_o they_o play_v at_o tennis_n with_o these_o two_o stick_n serve_v to_o extend_v the_o net_n at_o top_n to_o about_o four_o yard_n breadth_n this_o net_n the_o fowler_n carry_v on_o his_o shoulder_n hold_v the_o handle_n of_o it_o in_o one_o hand_n and_o a_o lantern_n call_v frugnuolo_n with_o a_o lamp_n burn_v in_o it_o in_o the_o other_o and_o when_o by_o the_o light_n he_o discover_v any_o bird_n within_o his_o reach_n he_o clap_v his_o net_n upon_o it_o and_o cover_v it_o beside_o the_o lantern_n the_o fowler_n carry_v a_o bell_n either_o at_o his_o girdle_n or_o his_o knee_n like_o our_o low-bell_n the_o better_a to_o secure_v the_o bird_n to_o himself_o this_o exercise_n can_v be_v use_v at_o all_o time_n but_o only_o in_o autumn_n or_o winter_n not_o begin_v before_o one_o hour_n of_o the_o night_n whether_o the_o weather_n be_v cloudy_a or_o clear_a it_o be_v all_o one_o so_o the_o moon_n shine_v not_o the_o frugnuolo_n be_v a_o sort_n of_o lantern_n make_v of_o latin_n common_o but_o false_o call_v tin_n all_o close_a but_o the_o fore-side_n it_o be_v base_a about_o a_o roman_a palm_n and_o half_a long_a and_o at_o the_o aperture_n about_o a_o palm_n broad_a or_o a_o little_a more_o likewise_o a_o palm_n high_a the_o cover_v which_o go_v shelve_v two_o palm_n long_o in_o the_o midst_n thereof_o above_o be_v a_o handle_n and_o within_o side_n a_o thin_a plate_n of_o iron_n three_o finger_n distant_a from_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o cover_n to_o preserve_v the_o tin_n from_o be_v burn_v and_o mar_v by_o the_o flame_n of_o the_o lamp_n below_o be_v another_o empty_a handle_n to_o put_v in_o a_o stick_n to_o hold_v it_o up_o on_o high_a within_o in_o a_o circle_n make_v on_o purpose_n in_o the_o bottom_n be_v put_v a_o earthen_a lamp_n with_o a_o great_a week_n and_o oil_n with_o this_o kind_n of_o lamp_n they_o also_o search_v bush_n hedge_n and_o low_a tree_n where_o they_o think_v thrush_n and_o other_o bird_n perch_n and_o have_v discover_v they_o strike_v they_o down_o with_o a_o instrument_n call_v ramata_n make_v like_o a_o racket_n with_o a_o long_a handle_n or_o if_o they_o be_v out_o of_o reach_n of_o that_o shoot_v they_o with_o a_o cross-bow_n §._o iv._o of_o batfowl_v batfowling_a be_v a_o take_n by_o night_n of_o great_a and_o small_a bird_n that_o rest_v not_o on_o the_o ground_n but_o perch_n on_o shrub_n bush_n tree_n etc._n etc._n and_o be_v proper_a to_o woody_a and_o rough_a country_n first_o one_o must_v carry_v a_o vessel_n with_o fire_n as_o in_o lowbelling_a then_o other_o must_v have_v pole_n bind_v with_o dry_a wisp_n of_o hay_n straw_n piece_n of_o link_n pitch_a hurd_n or_o any_o other_o combustible_a matter_n that_o will_v make_v a_o blaze_n other_o must_v bear_v long_a pole_n with_o rough_a and_o bushy_a top_n when_o you_o be_v come_v to_o the_o bird_n haunt_v kindle_v some_o of_o your_o fire_n and_o with_o your_o pole_n beat_v the_o bush_n and_o tree_n which_o do_v the_o bird_n if_o any_o be_v will_v rise_v and_o fly_v to_o and_o play_v about_o the_o light_n it_o be_v their_o nature_n not_o to_o depart_v from_o they_o but_o almost_o scorch_v their_o wing_n in_o the_o same_o so_o that_o they_o who_o have_v the_o bushy_a pole_n may_v at_o their_o pleasure_n strike_v they_o down_o and_o take_v they_o other_o carry_v with_o they_o a_o great_a limebush_n make_v of_o the_o head_n of_o a_o birch_n or_o willow_n tree_n and_o pitch_v it_o down_o make_v their_o blaze_n close_o by_o it_o and_o the_o bird_n will_v come_v and_o light_v upon_o it_o and_o so_o be_v entangle_v in_o this_o sport_n you_o must_v observe_v the_o direction_n give_v in_o lowbelling_a as_o to_o the_o choice_n of_o the_o night_n and_o especial_o keep_v silence_n etc._n etc._n chap._n ii_o of_o take_v land-fowl_n with_o net_n §._o i._o a_o general_a way_n of_o take_v many_o sort_n of_o land-fowl_n by_o the_o crow-net_n the_o crow-net_n be_v the_o same_o in_o all_o respect_n with_o that_o describe_v chap._n i._o this_o net_n may_v be_v place_v near_o any_o barn-door_n where_o corn_n be_v winnow_v or_o in_o a_o corn-stubble_n or_o on_o the_o greensword_n in_o the_o morning_n and_o evening_n haunt_v of_o any_o bird_n where_o they_o gather_v worm_n wherever_o place_v it_o must_v be_v careful_o hide_v and_o conceal_v as_o much_o as_o
march_v forward_o towards_o the_o net_n make_v a_o noise_n as_o he_o go_v with_o a_o cane_n or_o saff_n and_o throw_v stone_n or_o clod_n of_o earth_n if_o it_o be_v for_o beccafigos_n but_o if_o it_o be_v for_o thrush_n at_o first_o he_o must_v walk_v quiet_o and_o leisurely_o without_o make_v much_o noise_n and_o as_o he_o come_v near_o the_o net_n so_o make_v great_a haste_n and_o more_o noise_n whence_o it_o be_v wont_a to_o be_v say_v for_o thrush_n a_o wise_a man_n and_o for_o beccasigos_n a_o fool_n or_o mad_a man_n to_o hinder_v the_o bird_n from_o mount_v and_o fly_v away_o some_o be_v wont_a to_o turn_v off_o a_o sparhawk_n or_o other_o little_a hawk_n with_o bell_n at_o her_o heel_n to_o soar_v aloft_o and_o hover_v over_o the_o grove_n other_o be_v wont_a to_o do_v the_o same_o only_a with_o a_o pair_n of_o wing_n and_o a_o bell_n on_o the_o top_n of_o a_o pole_n when_o you_o see_v no_o more_o bird_n stir_v loosen_a the_o top-cord_n let_v down_o and_o furl_v up_o your_o net_n with_o the_o bird_n in_o they_o and_o either_o carry_v they_o home_o in_o the_o net_n or_o take_v they_o out_o at_o pleasure_n §._o v._o of_o the_o sparrow-net_n the_o sparrow-net_n be_v make_v up_o of_o two_o cross-stave_n a_o pursenet_n and_o two_o string_n the_o form_n of_o this_o net_n you_o may_v see_v express_v in_o which_o afb_n represent_v the_o long_a crossstaff_n who_o direct_a piece_n must_v be_v of_o the_o bigness_n of_o a_o handsome_a hawk_n pole_n its_o transverse_a piece_n ab_fw-la like_o the_o head_n of_o a_o ordinary_a hay-rake_a but_o big_a and_o long_o ce_v the_o short_a crossstaff_n join_v to_o the_o long_o at_o e_z so_o loose_o as_o to_o fall_v to_o and_o fro_o at_o pleasure_n of_o such_o due_a height_n and_o length_n that_o when_o the_o cross_a piece_n meet_v they_o may_v join_v even_o and_o just_a caebd_a be_v a_o pursenet_n fasten_v to_o both_o cross-stave_n all_o along_o and_o have_v that_o liberty_n at_o top_n that_o the_o cross-stave_n may_v fall_v 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stable_n dovecoat_n etc._n etc._n and_o be_v so_o set_v knock_v and_o thrust_v the_o cross-stave_n close_o against_o the_o same_o make_v such_o a_o noise_n as_o may_v enforce_v the_o bird_n to_o fly_v out_o of_o their_o hole_n or_o haunt_n into_o the_o net_n and_o then_o present_o draw_v the_o line_n eglantine_n and_o so_o shut_v up_o the_o cross-stave_n enclose_v they_o and_o let_v down_o your_o net_n open_v it_o and_o take_v they_o out_o the_o chief_a benefit_n of_o take_v bird_n in_o this_o manner_n be_v for_o the_o mew_a of_o hawk_n or_o get_v into_o lust_n and_o strength_n sick_a and_o weak_a hawk_n because_o with_o this_o engine_n you_o may_v take_v evening_n and_o morning_n so_o many_o bird_n as_o you_o please_v and_o give_v they_o warm_v to_o your_o hawk_n which_o be_v the_o great_a nourishment_n that_o can_v be_v raise_v a_o hawk_n soon_o and_o make_v her_o mew_n fast_o chap._n iii_o how_o to_o take_v several_a sort_n of_o small_a bird_n and_o other_o land-fowl_n with_o birdlime_n §._o i._o of_o take_v small_a bird_n with_o the_o limebush_n and_o lime-twig_n your_o limebush_n must_v be_v a_o main_a bough_n of_o any_o bushy_a tree_n as_o birch_n or_o willow_n or_o for_o want_n of_o they_o sallow_a poplar_n or_o aspen_n who_o twig_n be_v long_o smooth_a and_o straight_o without_o prick_n knot_n or_o any_o other_o roughness_n or_o crookedness_n have_v pick_v and_o trim_v it_o yet_o not_o take_v away_o any_o of_o the_o little_a budknot_n lime_n every_o twig_n and_o branch_n from_o the_o top_n down_o within_o four_o finger_n or_o thereabouts_o of_o the_o bottom_n the_o body_n and_o main_a branch_n must_v not_o be_v touch_v with_o any_o lime_n at_o all_o dabble_v not_o on_o your_o lime_n too_o thick_a nor_o yet_o let_v any_o part_n be_v leave_v bare_a or_o want_v its_o proportion_n that_o aught_o to_o be_v lime_v your_o bush_n thus_o prepare_v carry_v it_o forth_o into_o the_o field_n where_o the_o haunt_n of_o the_o small_a bird_n be_v and_o place_n it_o 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when_o the_o bird_n go_v forth_o to_o seek_v their_o food_n which_o be_v ever_o at_o the_o spring_n of_o the_o day_n and_o then_o find_v that_o they_o have_v forsake_v the_o hedge_n they_o place_v their_o lime-twig_n all_o along_o those_o hedge_n some_o upright_a some_o slope-wise_a and_o some_o across_o and_o withal_o so_o thick_a that_o the_o bird_n can_v come_v no_o way_n into_o the_o hedge_n but_o of_o force_n they_o must_v be_v entangle_v this_o do_v they_o go_v into_o the_o cornfield_n meadow_n or_o ground_n adjoin_v where_o the_o bird_n feed_v and_o there_o beat_v they_o up_o and_o scare_v they_o make_v they_o retire_v to_o the_o hedge_n in_o great_a
flock_n where_o they_o be_v present_o entangle_v among_o the_o lime-twig_n and_o take_v in_o abundance_n but_o this_o manner_n of_o take_v be_v only_o for_o the_o spring_n and_o fall_v of_o the_o leaf_n and_o only_o for_o one_o certain_a time_n of_o the_o day_n viz._n a_o hour_n before_o and_o after_o sun-rise_n §._o ii_o a_o excellent_a way_n of_o take_v small_a bird_n with_o bird-lime_n out_o of_o the_o epitome_n of_o husbandry_n this_o be_v best_a do_v in_o a_o snow_n when_o you_o see_v the_o bird_n flock_v together_o about_o your_o house_n or_o field_n choose_v out_o one_o hundred_o large_a wheat-ear_n cut_v the_o straw_n about_o a_o foot_n long_o beside_o the_o ear_n from_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o ear_n to_o the_o middle_a lime_n the_o straw_n for_o about_o six_o or_o seven_o inch_n let_v your_o lime_n be_v warm_a that_o so_o it_o may_v run_v thin_a upon_o the_o straw_n and_o be_v less_o discernible_a to_o the_o bird_n go_v then_o to_o the_o place_n and_o carry_v a_o little_a 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bait_n this_o way_n be_v not_o for_o take_v bird_n to_o eat_v but_o for_o destroy_v noisome_a and_o ravenous_a fowl_n as_o crow_n raven_n kite_n buzzard_n etc._n etc._n for_o the_o effect_n whereof_o 1._o observe_v their_o haunt_n 2._o remember_v the_o hour_n or_o time_n of_o day_n when_o they_o be_v most_o sharp-set_a and_o greedy_a as_o early_o in_o the_o morning_n so_o soon_o as_o they_o unpearch_v themselves_o and_o again_o at_o even_o a_o little_a before_o sunset_n especial_o at_o that_o time_n of_o the_o year_n when_o they_o have_v young_a one_o for_o than_o they_o will_v with_o greediness_n seize_v any_o bait_n as_o fast_o as_o you_o cast_v it_o out_o 3._o take_v a_o pretty_a quantity_n of_o nux_fw-la vomica_fw-la and_o dissolve_v it_o in_o wine_n vinegar_n or_o wine-lee_n those_o of_o sweet_a wine_n be_v the_o best_a then_o take_v the_o garbage_n of_o any_o fowl_n and_o all-besmear_a they_o over_o with_o your_o solution_n of_o nux_fw-la vomica_fw-la and_o cast_v they_o forth_o where_o such_o noisome_a bird_n haunt_v and_o watch_v the_o bird_n in_o a_o convenient_a place_n you_o shall_v see_v that_o after_o swallow_v a_o bit_n or_o two_o any_o such_o fowl_n will_v present_o grow_v dizzy_a reel_v and_o tumble_v up_o and_o down_o till_o at_o last_o it_o fall_v into_o a_o dead_a swoon_n other_o take_v pretty_a big_a gobbet_n of_o raw_a lean_a flesh_n as_o beef_n mutton_n etc._n etc._n and_o make_v therein_o secret_a little_a hole_n put_v in_o they_o small_a piece_n of_o nux_fw-la vomica_fw-la and_o close_v they_o up_o again_o you_o may_v also_o instead_o of_o either_o make_v use_v of_o carrion_n and_o either_o smear_v it_o with_o your_o confection_n
or_o stop_v into_o the_o fleshy_a part_n of_o it_o small_a piece_n of_o nux_fw-la vomica_fw-la it_o be_v best_a to_o let_v these_o bait_n lie_v loose_a and_o not_o fasten_v they_o to_o the_o ground_n as_o some_o practice_n to_o take_v granivorous_a bird_n of_o the_o great_a kind_n as_o dove_n rook_n etc._n etc._n boil_v good_a store_n of_o nux_fw-la vomica_fw-la together_o with_o wheat_n barley_n pease_n or_o any_o other_o pulse_n very_o well_o in_o ordinary_a run_a water_n till_o the_o grain_n be_v ready_a to_o burst_v then_o take_v it_o from_o the_o fire_n and_o cover_v it_o till_o it_o be_v thorough_o cold_a the_o grain_n thus_o boil_v and_o steep_v scatter_v thick_a where_o these_o fowl_n frequent_a and_o it_o will_v have_v the_o like_a effect_n upon_o they_o as_o the_o garbage_n or_o carrion_n have_v upon_o the_o carnivorous_a for_o small_a bird_n boil_v your_o nux_fw-la vomica_fw-la with_o such_o seed_n as_o they_o most_o delight_n in_o viz._n hempseed_n rape-seed_n lin-seed_n and_o above_o all_o mustardseed_n and_o they_o will_v be_v in_o like_a manner_n entoxicate_v some_o instead_o of_o nux_fw-la vomica_fw-la take_v only_o the_o lees_n of_o wine_n which_o the_o sharp_a they_o be_v the_o better_a and_o in_o they_o boil_v and_o steep_v or_o only_o steep_a which_o be_v as_o available_a if_o continue_v a_o sufficient_a while_n their_o grain_n or_o seeds_n and_o scatter_v they_o as_o above_o direct_v other_o take_v the_o juice_n of_o hemlock_n and_o steep_a in_o it_o their_o grain_n or_o seeds_n mix_v therewith_o a_o pretty_a sprinkle_n of_o henbane_n and_o poppy_n seed_n let_v all_o stand_n in_o steep_a two_o or_o three_o day_n at_o least_o and_o then_o drain_v it_o and_o scatter_v it_o etc._n etc._n which_o will_v have_v the_o like_a effect_n with_o the_o nux_fw-la vomica_fw-la to_o recover_v any_o fowl_n of_o these_o bait_n take_v a_o little_a quantity_n of_o salad-oil_n according_a to_o the_o strength_n and_o bigness_n of_o the_o fowl_n and_o drop_v it_o down_o its_o throat_n then_o chafe_v the_o head_n well_o with_o vinegar_n and_o the_o fowl_n will_v present_o recover_v again_o and_o be_v as_o healthful_a and_o able_a as_o ever_o it_o be_v chap._n v._o several_a way_n of_o take_v partridge_n §._o 4._o how_o to_o take_v partridge_n and_o other_o bird_n with_o a_o setting-dog_n a_o setting-dog_n shall_v be_v a_o lusty_a land-spaniel_n that_o will_v range_v well_o and_o yet_o at_o such_o absolute_a command_n that_o when_o he_o be_v in_o his_o full_a career_n one_o hem_n of_o his_o master_n shall_v make_v he_o stand_v still_o gaze_v about_o he_o and_o look_v in_o his_o master_n face_n as_o it_o be_v expect_v direction_n from_o he_o whether_o to_o proceed_v stand_v still_o or_o retire_v but_o the_o main_a thing_n he_o be_v to_o be_v teach_v be_v when_o he_o see_v and_o be_v near_o his_o prey_n of_o a_o sudden_a to_o stand_v still_o or_o fall_v down_o flat_a on_o his_o belly_n without_o make_v any_o noise_n or_o motion_n till_o his_o master_n come_v to_o he_o for_o take_v partridge_n with_o he_o when_o you_o come_v into_o the_o field_n where_o partridge_n frequent_a cast_v off_o your_o dog_n and_o let_v he_o range_v or_o hunt_v take_v care_n that_o he_o range_v not_o too_o far_o from_o you_o but_o beat_v his_o ground_n just_o and_o even_o without_o cast_v about_o and_o fly_v now_o here_o and_o now_o there_o and_o skip_v many_o place_n which_o the_o mettle_n of_o many_o even_o good_a dog_n will_v make_v they_o apt_a to_o do_v if_o he_o do_v so_o call_v he_o in_o with_o a_o hem_n and_o threaten_v he_o with_o a_o stern_a countenance_n and_o when_o he_o do_v well_o encourage_v he_o when_o you_o see_v he_o make_v a_o sudden_a stop_n or_o stand_v still_o be_v sure_a he_o have_v set_v the_o fowl_n therefore_o present_o make_v in_o to_o he_o and_o bid_v he_o go_v near_o if_o he_o refuse_v but_o either_o lie_v still_o or_o stand_v shake_v of_o his_o tail_n and_o withal_o now_o and_o then_o look_v back_o upon_o you_o he_o be_v near_o enough_o then_o begin_v your_o range_n or_o circumference_n about_o both_o the_o dog_n and_o partridge_n not_o cease_v but_o walk_v about_o with_o a_o good_a round_a pace_n look_v still_o before_o the_o dog_n nose_n to_o see_v how_o the_o covey_n lie_v whether_o close_o together_o in_o a_o heap_n or_o scatter_v then_o charge_v the_o dog_n to_o lie_v still_o draw_v forth_o your_o net_n and_o open_v of_o it_o take_v you_o one_o end_n of_o the_o top-cord_n and_o your_o companion_n the_o other_o and_o hold_v it_o stretch_v run_v with_o the_o net_n against_o the_o dog_n and_o clap_v it_o down_o over_o the_o bird_n cover_v dog_n and_o all_o with_o it_o then_o make_v a_o noise_n to_o spring_v the_o partridge_n that_o they_o may_v rise_v and_o be_v entangle_v in_o the_o net_n some_o observe_v to_o run_v with_o their_o net_n against_o the_o wind_n to_o keep_v it_o full_o extend_v one_o man_n may_v make_v a_o shift_n to_o do_v all_o but_o then_o he_o must_v peg_v down_o one_o end_n of_o his_o net_n to_o the_o ground_n and_o take_v the_o other_o end_n spread_v it_o over_o the_o bird_n the_o italian_n as_o olina_n tell_v we_o be_v wont_a to_o purge_v their_o dog_n before_o they_o go_v a_o set_v with_o he_o give_v he_o a_o morsel_n make_v up_o of_o half_a a_o ounce_n of_o agarick_n and_o two_o drachm_n of_o sal_fw-la gemmae_fw-la mingle_v with_o honey_n of_o rose_n cover_v over_o with_o butter_n or_o some_o other_o unctuous_a matter_n that_o he_o may_v the_o more_o ready_o swallow_v it_o and_o the_o day_n follow_v a_o broth_n make_v of_o a_o wether_n head_n boil_v so_o as_o with_o the_o flesh_n of_o it_o bread_n and_o a_o little_a brimston_n pound_v to_o make_v a_o sup_n he_o bid_v you_o also_o observe_v 1._o not_o to_o hunt_v your_o dog_n especial_o after_o he_o have_v be_v new_o purge_v till_o the_o sun_n have_v dry_v up_o the_o dew_n because_o else_o he_o will_v be_v apt_a to_o lose_v the_o send_v and_o also_o hurt_v his_o foot_n 2._o to_o begin_v to_o set_v on_o your_o dog_n under_o the_o wind_n that_o he_o may_v take_v the_o send_v the_o better_a the_o net_n he_o say_v ought_v to_o be_v a_o little_a long_o than_o it_o be_v broad_a or_o deep_a viz._n between_o seven_o and_o eight_o yard_n over_o and_o between_o eight_o and_o nine_o deep_a in_o this_o manner_n may_v be_v take_v not_o only_o partridge_n but_o pheasant_n moor-pouts_a and_o quail_n §._o i._o of_o the_o haunt_n of_o partridge_n and_o how_o to_o find_v partridge_n the_o haunt_n wherein_o partridge_n most_o delight_n and_o most_o constant_o abide_v be_v cornfield_n especial_o during_o the_o time_n the_o corn_n be_v stand_v under_o the_o covert_a whereof_o they_o meet_v and_o breed_v after_o the_o corn_n be_v cut_v down_o they_o still_o remain_v in_o the_o stubble_n especial_o wheat-stubbles_a both_o because_o they_o love_v to_o feed_v on_o that_o grain_n before_o all_o other_o and_o also_o for_o the_o height_n of_o the_o stubble_n which_o afford_v they_o safe_a covert_n when_o the_o wheat-stubble_n be_v either_o too_o scanty_a or_o too_o much_o soil_v and_o tread_v with_o man_n and_o cattle_n they_o leave_v it_o and_o go_v to_o the_o barley-stubbles_a which_o though_o inferior_a in_o both_o respect_n yet_o be_v fresh_a and_o not_o so_o usual_o tread_v and_o beat_v they_o take_v great_a delight_n therein_o in_o winter_n when_o these_o stubble_n be_v either_o plough_v up_o or_o over-soyled_n with_o cattle_n manure_n or_o the_o like_a than_o they_o resort_v to_o the_o enclose_a ground_n or_o upland-meadow_n and_o lodge_v in_o the_o dead_a grass_n or_o fog_n under_o hedge_n among_o molehill_n and_o under_o bank_n or_o at_o the_o root_n of_o tree_n you_o may_v also_o find_v haunt_n of_o partridge_n in_o small_a coppice_n or_o underwoods_n in_o bushy_n close_v or_o where_o there_o grow_v broom_n brake_n furze_n or_o ling_n or_o any_o other_o covert_a provide_v always_o that_o there_o be_v some_o cornfield_n adjoin_v else_o they_o will_v rather_o avoid_v such_o place_n in_o harvest-time_n when_o they_o can_v have_v no_o quiet_a lodging_n in_o the_o cornfield_n you_o may_v find_v they_o in_o the_o daytime_n in_o the_o fallow_n adjoin_v where_o they_o will_v lie_v lurk_v among_o the_o great_a clod_n and_o weed_n and_o only_o early_a in_o the_o morning_n and_o late_o at_o evening_n fetch_v their_o food_n from_o the_o corn-sheave_n next_o adjoin_v now_o for_o find_v they_o some_o will_v do_v it_o by_o the_o eye_n like_o hare-finder_n viz._n in_o take_v their_o range_n over_o the_o stubble_n field_n or_o other_o haunt_v cast_v their_o eye_n on_o each_o hand_n they_o will_v espy_v they_o out_o though_o never_o so_o close_o couch_v which_o ability_n partly_o depend_v upon_o the_o goodness_n of_o the_o eye_n partly_o
eiasse-hawk_n which_o be_v take_v out_o of_o the_o nest_n or_o bring_v away_o in_o the_o nest_n before_o they_o can_v fly_v be_v bring_v up_o by_o hand_n 2._o ramage-hawk_n or_o brancher_n which_o be_v take_v when_o they_o be_v fledge_v and_o get_v out_o of_o the_o nest_n but_o depart_v not_o far_o from_o it_o fly_v only_o from_o bough_n to_o bough_n and_o follow_v their_o dam_n not_o be_v able_a yet_o to_o prey_v for_o themselves_o from_o ramus_n signify_v a_o bough_n however_o they_o be_v take_v after_o they_o have_v prey_v for_o themselves_o the_o first_o year_n while_o they_o retain_v their_o chicken-feather_n they_o be_v call_v sore-hawk_n from_o the_o french_a word_n soret_n signify_v a_o dusky_a colour_n the_o second_o year_n when_o they_o have_v change_v their_o feather_n they_o be_v call_v entermewer_n from_o the_o word_n muto_fw-la to_o change_n the_o three_o year_n they_o be_v call_v white_a hawk_n for_o what_o reason_n i_o know_v not_o the_o four_o year_n when_o they_o be_v come_v to_o their_o full_a growth_n and_o perfection_n they_o be_v call_v hawk_n of_o the_o first_o coat_n the_o five_o year_n hawk_n of_o the_o second_o coat_n the_o six_o year_n hawk_n of_o the_o three_o coat_n and_o so_o on_o as_o long_o as_o they_o live_v some_o of_o they_o if_o they_o be_v well_o tend_v and_o favour_v while_o they_o be_v young_a will_v hold_v out_o twenty_o year_n the_o feather_n of_o all_o by_o age_n gradual_o grow_v white_a as_o man_n hair_n grow_v grey_a so_o that_o by_o how_o much_o the_o old_a they_o be_v by_o so_o much_o the_o white_a be_v they_o the_o outmost_a feather_n of_o the_o wing_n be_v by_o our_o falconer_n call_v the_o sarcel_n by_o the_o number_n of_o the_o dent_n whereof_o they_o pretend_v to_o know_v the_o age_n of_o the_o hawk_n as_o by_o the_o number_n of_o cross_a bar_n in_o the_o tail_n the_o age_n of_o a_o pheasaant_n but_o of_o the_o manner_n of_o feed_v train_v up_o reclaim_v and_o cure_v the_o disease_n of_o hawk_n those_o that_o have_v write_v of_o falconry_n be_v to_o be_v consult_v chap._n vii_o of_o long-winged_n hawk_n long-winged_n hawk_n may_v be_v divide_v into_o the_o more_o sluggish_a and_o indocile_a which_o we_o call_v wild_a hawk_n and_o the_o more_o generous_a such_o as_o use_v to_o be_v train_v up_o for_o fowl_v those_o we_o call_v wild_a hawk_n be_v the_o bald_a buzzard_n the_o common_a buzzard_n the_o honey-buzzard_n the_o ring-tail_n the_o kite_n or_o glead_v and_o the_o moor-buzzard_n of_o which_o in_o order_n chap._n viii_o ¶_o of_o the_o several_a sort_n of_o wild_a long-winged_n hawk_n and_o first_o §._o i._o of_o the_o bald_a buzzard_n this_o bird_n be_v by_o aldrovandus_n twice_o put_v among_o eagle_n 1._o under_o the_o title_n of_o haliaeetus_n lib._n 2._o cap._n 3._o 2._o under_o the_o title_n of_o morphnos_n in_o the_o seven_o chapter_n of_o the_o same_o book_n the_o bird_n we_o describe_v weigh_v fifty_o six_o ounce_n and_o a_o half_a if_o herein_o mr._n willughby_n weight_n be_v not_o mistake_v i_o see_v not_o but_o this_o bird_n may_v well_o enough_o pass_v for_o a_o eagle_n but_o i_o suspect_v a_o error_n in_o the_o weight_n it_o be_v breadth_n or_o the_o distance_n between_o the_o extremity_n breadth_n of_o the_o wing_n extend_v be_v sixty_o inch_n the_o beak_n from_o the_o point_n to_o the_o beak_n angle_n of_o the_o mouth_n a_o inch_n and_o half_a long_a black_a hook_a cover_v from_o the_o base_a as_o far_o as_o the_o nostril_n with_o a_o bluish_a skin_n or_o sear_n bunch_v out_o between_o the_o nostril_n and_o the_o hook_a part_n the_o nostril_n themselves_o be_v oblong_v and_o oblique_a nares_n the_o angle_n of_o the_o low_a chap_n i._n e._n which_o the_o leg_n thereof_o make_v round_n the_o tongue_n broad_a soft_a and_o like_o a_o man_n the_o irides_fw-la of_o the_o eye_n yellow_a the_o pupil_n eye_n great_a it_o have_v both_o a_o upper_a and_o low_a eyelid_n but_o the_o low_a much_o great_a the_o eye_n be_v not_o so_o sink_v in_o the_o head_n or_o withdraw_v under_o prominent_a brow_n as_o in_o the_o common_a buzzard_n but_o more_o extant_a the_o bird_n itself_o seem_v to_o be_v much_o strong_a and_o more_o valiant_a than_o the_o buzzard_n with_o which_o it_o agree_v in_o the_o colour_n of_o the_o upper_a part_n be_v black_a and_o ferrugineous_a the_o side_n feather_n on_o the_o crown_n of_o the_o head_n be_v white_a whence_o it_o take_v the_o name_n of_o bald_a buzzard_n the_o throat_n breast_n and_o belly_n white_a but_o above_o the_o crop_n the_o feather_n be_v ferrugineous_a side_n the_o leg_n be_v clothe_v with_o white_a and_o soft_a feather_n the_o prime_a or_o flag-feather_n flag-feather_n in_o each_o wing_n be_v about_o twenty_o eight_o from_o the_o seventeen_o they_o end_v in_o sharp_a point_n the_o great_a be_v the_o black_a the_o four_o outmost_a have_v the_o low_a half_o of_o their_o interior_a vane_n twice_o as_o broad_a as_o the_o upper_a the_o interior_a vane_n of_o all_o be_v variegated_a with_o white_a and_o black_a alternate_o indent_v like_o the_o tooth_n of_o a_o saw_n the_o feather_n under_o the_o shoulder_n be_v white_a mark_v with_o black_a spot_n towards_o the_o tip_n the_o three_o and_o four_o row_n of_o those_o that_o cover_v the_o root_n of_o the_o flag-feather_n underneath_o feather_n be_v elegant_o mark_v towards_o the_o tip_n with_o dusky_a spot_n have_v their_o edge_n ferrugineous_a the_o lesser_a feather_n above_o these_o be_v white_a the_o great_a beneath_o they_o dusky_a or_o brown_a the_o train_n be_v make_v up_o of_o twelve_o feather_n of_o equal_a length_n have_v their_o border_n particoloured_a train_n of_o white_a and_o ferrugineous_a indent_v as_o in_o the_o wing_n the_o leg_n be_v long_o the_o foot_n thick_a and_o strong_a of_o a_o pale_a blue_a or_o verdigrease_n colour_n talon_n the_o middle_a toe_n the_o big_a the_o outermost_a somewhat_o big_a than_o the_o inner_a the_o back-toe_n as_o in_o all_o the_o least_o all_o arm_a with_o great_a semicircular_a black_a round_a talon_n the_o foot_n scaly_a and_o uneven_a the_o sole_a of_o the_o foot_n rough_a that_o it_o may_v more_o easy_o hold_v its_o prey_n when_o it_o have_v once_o catch_v it_o the_o toe_n be_v so_o dispose_v that_o the_o outmost_a of_o the_o fore-toe_n may_v bend_v or_o turn_v backward_o as_o in_o owl_n parrot_n etc._n etc._n bowel_n the_o liver_n heart_n and_o gall_n be_v large_a the_o spleen_n round_o and_o of_o a_o black_a or_o sordid_a colour_n in_o the_o stomach_n and_o craw_n open_v we_o find_v many_o fish-bone_n and_o scale_n the_o surface_n of_o the_o echinus_n or_o ante-stomach_n be_v full_a of_o many_o carneous_a globule_n the_o gut_n be_v long_o slender_a or_o small_a have_v many_o revolution_n it_o haunt_v river_n lake_n and_o great_a pool_n of_o water_n as_o also_o the_o seashore_n at_o pensans_n food_n in_o cornwall_n we_o see_v one_o that_o be_v shoot_v have_v a_o mullet_n in_o its_o claw_n for_o it_o prey_v upon_o fish_n which_o seem_v very_o strange_a and_o wonderful_a since_o it_o be_v neither_o whole-footed_n nor_o provide_v with_o long_a leg_n or_o neck_n it_o build_v upon_o the_o ground_n among_o reed_n and_o lay_v three_o or_o four_o large_a white_a egg_n of_o nest_n a_o figure_n exact_o elliptical_a lesser_a yet_o than_o hen_n eggs._n it_o cast_v a_o ill_a strong_a send_v and_o be_v much_o infest_a with_o louse_n it_o differ_v from_o the_o sea-eagle_n of_o aristotle_n in_o that_o the_o neck_n be_v not_o thick_a and_o big_a but_o for_o the_o bulk_n of_o the_o body_n slender_a and_o small_a what_o aldrovandus_n have_v deliver_v of_o eagle_n viz._n that_o the_o right_a foot_n be_v big_a than_o the_o left_a do_v not_o agree_v to_o this_o for_o its_o foot_n be_v equal_a it_o be_v distinguish_v from_o the_o common_a buzzard_n 1._o by_o its_o weight_n and_o bigness_n wherein_o buzzard_n it_o exceed_v that_o 2._o that_o its_o wing_n be_v long_o 3._o by_o this_o most_o sure_a mark_n that_o the_o outmost_a of_o the_o fore-toe_n in_o this_o may_v be_v turn_v backward_o but_o not_o in_o the_o common_a buzzard_n 4._o by_o the_o angular_a process_n of_o the_o upper_a chap_n of_o the_o beak_n 5._o by_o the_o blue_a colour_n of_o the_o leg_n and_o foot_n §._o ii_o of_o the_o common_a buzzard_n or_o puttock_n call_v in_o latin_a buteo_n it_o be_v about_o the_o bigness_n of_o a_o pheasant_n or_o young_a pullet_n it_o be_v weight_n be_v thirty_o two_o beak_n ounce_n it_o be_v length_n from_o the_o tip_n of_o the_o beak_n to_o the_o end_n of_o the_o tail_n twenty_o one_o inch_n its_o breadth_n the_o wing_n be_v stretch_v out_o fifty_o two_o inch_n the_o head_n great_a the_o crown_n broad_a and_o flat_a the_o beak_n short_a hook_a and_o of_o a_o dark_a blue_a a_o yellow_a skin_n cover_v the_o upper_a
three_o and_o four_o the_o second_o above_o a_o inch_n short_a than_o the_o three_o and_o the_o four_o and_o five_o the_o long_a of_o all_o whereas_o in_o that_o the_o second_o and_o three_o feather_n be_v the_o long_a and_o the_o extreme_a or_o sarcel_n want_v not_o half_a a_o inch_n of_o they_o aldrovandus_n write_v that_o the_o countrypeople_n about_o bononia_n tell_v he_o that_o his_o strix_n or_o screech-owl_n use_v to_o suck_v their_o goat_n which_o we_o as_o far_o as_o i_o have_v hear_v be_v never_o complain_v of_o for_o do_v §._o ii_o the_o grey_a owl_n strix_n cinerea_fw-la another_o bird_n of_o this_o sort_n we_o describe_v which_o we_o find_v first_o at_o vienna_n in_o austria_n breadth_n and_o afterward_o in_o england_n also_o it_o weigh_v eleven_o ounce_n and_o a_o hlaf_fw-mi the_o length_n from_o the_o bill_n to_o end_v of_o the_o tail_n or_o foot_n for_o they_o be_v equal_o extend_v be_v fourteen_o inch_n and_o a_o half_a the_o breadth_n between_o the_o tip_n of_o the_o wing_n spread_v out_o two_o foot_n and_o eleven_o inch_n the_o bill_n be_v a_o inch_n and_o quarter_n long_o the_o tongue_n nostril_n a_o little_a divide_v not_o so_o fleshy_a as_o in_o hawk_n in_o the_o palate_n it_o have_v a_o broad_a open_a fissure_n or_o cleave_v the_o nostril_n be_v oblong_o the_o sear_n or_o skin_n cover_v the_o base_a of_o the_o beak_n in_o diurnal_a rapacious_a bird_n be_v want_v in_o this_o as_o in_o all_o other_o owl_n it_o have_v huge_a round_a eye_n the_o irides_fw-la be_v of_o a_o dark_a hazel_n colour_n both_o upper_a and_o low_a eyelid_n eye_n terminate_v in_o a_o membrane_n have_v black_a edge_n the_o ear-hole_n be_v great_a and_o furnish_v ear_n with_o valve_n this_o bird_n be_v for_o the_o apparent_a magnitude_n very_o light_a and_o full_a of_o feather_n a_o wreath_n or_o hood_n of_o stiff_a feather_n particoloured_a of_o white_a and_o black_a begin_v from_o the_o bill_n face_n above_o and_o reach_v beyond_o the_o ear_n encompass_n the_o face_n and_o eye_n the_o end_n meet_v under_o the_o chin_n like_o a_o woman_n hood_n within_o this_o great_a hood_n another_o circle_n of_o feather_n of_o a_o ash-colour_n consist_v of_o thin_a and_o short_a hair_n encompass_n the_o eye_n the_o body_n be_v all_o over_o variegated_a with_o cinereous_a and_o brown_a the_o shaft_n of_o the_o feather_n in_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o back_n be_v black_a the_o interior_a vane_n of_o the_o long_a scapular_a feather_n be_v white_a almost_o to_o the_o shaft_n the_o low_a belly_n be_v white_a on_o the_o breast_n be_v long_o black_a spot_n the_o first_o row_n of_o wing-feather_n have_v cross_a bar_n of_o black_a and_o red_a ash-colour_n in_o wing-feather_n in_o the_o three_o row_n of_o the_o covert-feather_n of_o the_o wing_n be_v one_o or_o two_o white_a spot_n the_o tail_n have_v twelve_o feather_n seven_o inch_n and_o a_o quarter_n long_o the_o middlemost_a feather_n tail_n be_v long_o and_o the_o rest_n in_o order_n to_o the_o outmost_a somewhat_o short_a the_o foot_n be_v feather_v almost_o down_o to_o the_o claw_n only_o two_o or_o three_o annulary_a foot_n scale_n naked_a the_o sole_a of_o the_o foot_n callous_a and_o of_o a_o yellowish_a colour_n as_o it_o be_v granulate_v with_o little_a knob_n the_o toe_n as_o in_o other_o night-bird_n two_o stand_v forward_o toe_n and_o two_o backward_o the_o inner_a side_n of_o the_o claw_n of_o the_o outer_a fore-toe_n be_v flat_v claw_n into_o a_o edge_n the_o length_n of_o the_o gut_n be_v twenty_o two_o inch_n of_o the_o blind_a gut_n three_o and_o a_o gut_n half_a the_o name_n strix_n some_o think_v be_v take_v from_o the_o verb_n stringere_fw-la because_o it_o strangle_v name_n people_n when_o they_o be_v asleep_a ovid_n will_v have_v it_o so_o call_v à _fw-la stridore_fw-la from_o the_o screech_a noise_n it_o make_v est_fw-la illis_fw-la strigibus_fw-la nomen_fw-la sed_fw-la nominis_fw-la huius_fw-la causa_fw-la quòd_fw-la horrenda_fw-la stridere_fw-la nocte_fw-la solent_fw-la this_o be_v like_o the_o precedent_n and_o of_o equal_a bigness_n from_o which_o yet_o it_o be_v distinguish_v precedent_n by_o manifest_a note_n and_o which_o argue_v a_o specifical_a difference_n the_o chief_a of_o those_o be_v 1._o that_o this_o be_v grey_a that_o brown_a 2._o that_o this_o have_v long_a spot_n on_o the_o breast_n which_o that_o want_n 3._o that_o the_o interior_a hood_n in_o this_o be_v particoloured_a only_o of_o dusky_a and_o white_a §._o iii_o the_o common_a barn-owl_n or_o white-owl_n or_o church-owl_n aluco_fw-la minor_fw-la aldrov_n the_o cock_n which_o we_o describe_v be_v about_o the_o bigness_n of_o a_o pigeon_n weigh_v measure_n eleven_o ounce_n and_o a_o half_a it_o be_v length_n from_o the_o tip_n of_o the_o bill_n to_o the_o end_n of_o the_o tail_n be_v fourteen_o inch_n the_o distance_n between_o the_o extremity_n of_o the_o wing_n spread_v out_o three_o foot_n and_o one_o inch_n and_o half_a the_o bill_n white_a hook_a at_o the_o end_n bill_n more_o than_o a_o inch_n and_o half_a long_a the_o tongue_n a_o little_a divide_v at_o the_o tip_n the_o nostril_n tongue_n oblong_v a_o circle_n or_o wreath_n of_o white_a soft_a downy_a feather_n encompass_v with_o hood_n yellow_a one_o begin_v from_o the_o nostril_n on_o each_o side_n pass_v round_o the_o eye_n and_o under_o the_o chin_n somewhat_o resemble_v a_o black_a hood_n such_o as_o woman_n use_v to_o wear_v so_o that_o the_o eye_n be_v sink_v in_o the_o middle_n of_o these_o feather_n as_o it_o be_v in_o the_o bottom_n of_o a_o pit_n or_o valley_n at_o the_o interior_a angle_n of_o each_o eye_n the_o low_a part_n of_o these_o feather_n be_v of_o a_o tawny_a colour_n the_o ear_n be_v cover_v with_o a_o valve_n which_o arise_v near_o ear-valve_a the_o eye_n and_o fall_v backward_o the_o interior_a circle_n we_o mention_v of_o white_a downy_a feather_n pass_v just_a over_o this_o valve_n so_o that_o part_n of_o they_o grow_v out_o of_o it_o the_o breast_n belly_n and_o covert-feather_n of_o the_o inside_n of_o the_o wing_n be_v white_a body_n mark_v with_o a_o few_o quadrangular_a dark_a spot_n the_o head_n neck_n and_o back_o as_o far_o as_o the_o prime_a feather_n of_o the_o wing_n various_o and_o of_o all_o night-bird_n most_o elegant_o colour_v the_o feather_n towards_o the_o tip_n be_v wave_v with_o small_a whitish_a and_o blackish_a line_n resemble_v a_o grey_a colour_n but_o about_o the_o shaft_n of_o each_o feather_n there_o be_v as_o it_o be_v a_o bed_n or_o row_v of_o black_a and_o white_a spot_n situate_a long-way_n make_v up_o in_o some_o of_o two_o white_a and_o two_o black_a spot_n in_o some_o of_o three_o of_o each_o colour_n in_o some_o of_o but_o one_o else_o the_o whole_a plumage_n be_v of_o a_o dilute_a tawny_a or_o orange_n colour_n which_o same_o colour_n be_v also_o the_o field_n or_o ground_n in_o the_o wing_n and_o tail_n the_o master-feather_n in_o each_o wing_n be_v in_o number_n twenty_o four_o whereof_o the_o wing-feather_n great_a have_v four_o transverse_v blackish_a bar_n in_o these_o bar_n in_o the_o exterior_a vane_n of_o the_o feather_n there_o be_v also_o white_a mingle_v with_o the_o black_a which_o make_v a_o appearance_n of_o a_o grey_a spot_n the_o intermediate_v space_n be_v fulvous_a and_o powder_v with_o small_a black_a speck_n the_o tip_n of_o these_o feather_n incline_v more_o to_o a_o ash-colour_n the_o wing_n when_o shut_v up_o extend_v full_a as_o far_o or_o further_o than_o the_o end_n of_o the_o tail_n in_o the_o exterior_a vane_n of_o the_o first_o or_o outmost_a feather_n of_o each_o wing_n the_o end_n of_o the_o tail_n pinnulae_fw-la be_v not_o contiguous_a one_o to_o another_o but_o stand_v at_o distance_n like_o the_o tooth_n of_o a_o fine_a comb._n the_o tail_n be_v make_v up_o of_o twelve_o feather_n of_o the_o same_o colour_n with_o the_o wing_n have_v four_o transverse_a black_a bar_n four_o inch_n and_o half_a long_a the_o interior_a margin_n of_o the_o feather_n both_o of_o wing_n and_o tail_n be_v white_a the_o leg_n be_v cover_v with_o a_o thick_a down_o to_o the_o foot_n but_o the_o toe_n be_v only_o hairy_a toe_n the_o hair_n also_o thin-set_a the_o claw_n of_o the_o middle_a toe_n be_v serrate_v on_o the_o inside_n as_o in_o heron_n but_o not_o so_o manifest_o it_o have_v but_o one_o toe_n that_o stand_v backward_o but_o the_o outmost_a fore-toe_n may_v be_v turn_v so_o as_o to_o stand_v a_o little_a backward_o the_o gut_n be_v eighteen_o inch_n long_o the_o blind_a gut_n but_o two_o it_o have_v a_o large_a gall_n gut_n its_o egg_n be_v white_a aldrovandus_n his_o description_n agree_v exact_o with_o we_o the_o eye_n in_o this_o bird_n and_o i_o suppose_v in_o all_o the_o rest_n of_o this_o kind_n be_v of_o a_o strange_a and_o singular_a structure_n that_o part_n which_o appear_v
caterpillar_n and_o cossi_n it_o sit_v more_o upon_o the_o ground_n than_o other_o woodpecker_n and_o seek_v its_o food_n there_o it_o be_v tongue_n be_v round_o end_v in_o a_o stiff_a sharp_a bony_a tip_n dent_v on_o both_o side_n this_o tongue_n the_o bird_n can_v dart_v out_o to_o a_o great_a length_n viz._n some_o three_o or_o four_o inch_n and_o draw_v up_o again_o by_o the_o help_n of_o two_o small_a round_a cartilage_n fasten_v into_o the_o forementioned_a bony_a tip_n and_o run_v along_o the_o length_n of_o the_o tongue_n these_o cartilage_n from_o the_o root_n of_o the_o tongue_n take_v a_o circuit_n beyond_o the_o ear_n and_o be_v reflect_v backward_o to_o the_o crown_n of_o the_o head_n where_o they_o both_o meet_v again_o and_o be_v keep_v down_o down_o by_o a_o ligament_n go_v over_o they_o make_v a_o large_a bow_n below_o the_o ligament_n they_o run_v down_o the_o sagittal_n suture_a and_o then_o decline_v a_o little_a to_o the_o right_a side_n pass_v just_a above_o the_o orbit_n of_o the_o right_a eye_n and_o along_o the_o right_a side_n of_o the_o bill_n into_o a_o hole_n excavate_v there_o whence_o they_o have_v their_o rise_n or_o original_n the_o musculous_a spungy_a flesh_n of_o the_o tongue_n enclose_v these_o cartilage_n like_o a_o sheath_n and_o be_v so_o make_v that_o it_o may_v be_v extend_v or_o contract_v like_o a_o worm_n that_o part_n also_o of_o these_o cartilage_n reach_v from_o the_o hind_a part_n of_o the_o head_n to_o the_o end_n of_o the_o bill_n be_v cover_v with_o the_o like_a musculous_a flesh_n that_o may_v be_v contract_v or_o extend_v like_o the_o tongue_n only_o both_o cartilage_n be_v not_o enclose_v in_o one_o muscle_n but_o have_v each_o its_o several_a distinct_a musculous_a sheath_n like_o two_o small_a string_n or_o worm_n on_o the_o end_n of_o these_o cartilage_n for_o i_o can_v without_o much_o force_n draw_v they_o out_o of_o their_o socket_n in_o the_o bill_n there_o be_v a_o white_a glutinous_a or_o mucous_a matter_n on_o the_o inside_n the_o flexure_n of_o these_o cartilage_n reach_v from_o the_o root_n of_o the_o tongue_n to_o the_o top_n of_o the_o head_n be_v a_o broad_a thin_a muscle_n which_o serve_v to_o move_v the_o cartilage_n to_o and_o fro_o for_o by_o contract_v itself_o it_o streighten_v the_o bow_n of_o the_o cartilage_n almost_o after_o the_o manner_n as_o the_o tunica_n uvea_o dilate_v the_o pupil_n and_o so_o necessary_o force_v the_o cartilage_n forward_o through_o the_o tongue_n and_o thrust_v out_o the_o tongue_n but_o we_o leave_v these_o thing_n to_o be_v more_o curious_o weigh_v and_o examine_v by_o other_o the_o tip_n of_o the_o shaft_n of_o the_o tail-feather_n in_o this_o and_o other_o woodpecker_n seem_v to_o be_v break_v or_o wear_v off_o by_o their_o rest_v upon_o they_o in_o climb_v this_o kind_n lay_v five_o or_o six_o egg_n at_o once_o i_o have_v see_v six_o young_a one_o together_o in_o a_o nest_n *_o bellonius_fw-la his_o great_a green_a woodpecker_n bellonius_fw-la make_v this_o bird_n which_o he_o will_v have_v to_o be_v aristotle_n three_o kind_n of_o woodpecker_n far_a great_a than_o the_o common_a green_a woodspite_n now_o describe_v he_o give_v he_o a_o crooked_a bill_n contrary_a to_o the_o manner_n of_o the_o rest_n of_o this_o tribe_n foot_n after_o the_o fashion_n of_o other_o divers_a spot_n in_o the_o wing_n such_o as_o be_v see_v in_o the_o wing_n of_o the_o rest_n but_o different_a in_o colour_n §._o iii_o the_o great_a spot_v woodpecker_n or_o witwall_n picus_n varius_fw-la major_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d arist_n it_o be_v as_o big_a or_o big_a than_o a_o blackbird_n the_o female_a weigh_v two_o ounce_n three_o quarter_n it_o be_v length_n from_o the_o bill_n to_o the_o claw_n be_v eight_o inch_n to_o the_o end_n of_o the_o tail_n nine_o and_o a_o half_a the_o distance_n between_o the_o tip_n of_o the_o wing_n extend_v sixteen_o inch_n the_o bill_n in_o the_o cock_n be_v a_o inch_n and_o a_o quarter_n long_o measure_v from_o the_o tip_n to_o the_o corner_n of_o the_o slit_n of_o the_o mouth_n straight_o black_a thick_a at_o the_o head_n and_o slenderer_n by_o degree_n end_v in_o a_o sharp_a point_n be_v of_o a_o triangular_a pyramidal_a figure_n and_o channel_a with_o a_o furrow_n or_o two_o the_o nostril_n round_o and_o cover_v with_o black_a bristle_n the_o irides_fw-la of_o the_o eye_n red_a the_o tongue_n make_v like_o that_o of_o the_o green_a woodpecker_n on_o the_o hind_a part_n of_o the_o head_n be_v a_o line_n of_o crimson_n or_o vermilion_a red_a reach_v from_o white_a to_o white_a in_o each_o cheek_n in_o the_o cock_n not_o in_o the_o hen._n in_o the_o hen_n the_o throat_n and_o breast_n be_v of_o a_o dirty_a yellowish_a white_a the_o low_a belly_n under_o the_o tail_n of_o a_o colour_n lovely_a red_a or_o crimson_a colour_n hence_o the_o italian_n call_v it_o cull_v rosso_fw-it the_o welsh_a by_o a_o name_n signify_v fire-tail_n the_o feather_n encompass_v the_o base_a of_o the_o upper_a chap_n and_o those_o about_o the_o eye_n and_o ear_n be_v white_a the_o head_n be_v black_a with_o a_o dash_n of_o shine_v green_a the_o back_o also_o black_a at_o the_o insertion_n of_o the_o wing_n on_o each_o side_n be_v a_o great_a white_a spot_n from_o the_o corner_n of_o the_o mouth_n a_o broad_a black_a stroke_n reach_v own_o to_o the_o back_n just_o below_o the_o head_n another_o black_a stroke_n cross_v this_o the_o flag-feather_n of_o the_o wing_n be_v in_o number_n twenty_o of_o which_o the_o first_o or_o outmost_a be_v the_o short_a black_a and_o mark_v with_o semicircular_a white_a spot_n the_o interior_a covert_a feather_n of_o the_o wing_n be_v white_a and_o make_v up_o part_n of_o those_o white_a spot_n we_o mention_v on_o the_o shoulder_n the_o middlemost_a be_v whole_o black_a the_o exterior_a have_v one_o or_o two_o white_a spot_n the_o ridge_n or_o base_a of_o the_o wing_n be_v white_a the_o tail_n be_v three_o inch_n and_o a_o half_a long_a make_v up_o of_o ten_o feather_n of_o which_o the_o two_o middlemost_a be_v the_o long_a be_v strong_a stiff_a sharp-pointed_a and_o bend_a inward_o the_o shaft_n as_o in_o other_o be_v not_o produce_v to_o the_o utmost_a tip_n perchance_o wear_v or_o break_v off_o with_o climb_v by_o reason_n whereof_o the_o feather_n appear_v fork_v the_o outmost_a tail-feather_n on_o each_o side_n be_v small_a black_a and_o have_v a_o white_a spot_n in_o the_o exterior_a web._n in_o the_o two_o next_o the_o low_a part_n be_v black_a and_o the_o rest_n white_a with_o two_o transverse_a black_a spot_n or_o stroke_n of_o which_o the_o upper_a cut_v both_o web_n of_o the_o feather_n the_o low_a only_o the_o interior_a in_o the_o three_o the_o black_a reach_v high_a and_o the_o white_a part_n have_v only_o one_o transverse_a black_a stroke_n the_o four_o pair_n be_v all_o black_a have_v only_o a_o semicircular_a spot_n of_o white_a towards_o the_o top_n the_o very_a tip_n be_v of_o a_o red_a white_a the_o two_o middlemost_a be_v whole_o black_a annot._n i_o think_v it_o be_v not_o needful_a so_o scrupulous_o to_o describe_v every_o particular_a spot_n in_o each_o feather_n for_o that_o nature_n take_v a_o latitude_n sport_v herself_o as_o they_o call_v it_o in_o these_o lesser_a thing_n not_o observe_v always_o the_o same_o number_n figure_n and_o situation_n of_o spot_n in_o the_o bird_n i_o describe_v the_o flag-feather_n of_o the_o wing_n be_v spot_v on_o both_o side_n the_o shaft_n with_o white_a spot_n which_o when_o the_o wing_n be_v extend_v stand_v in_o row_n cross_v the_o feather_n the_o four_o middle_a feather_n of_o the_o tail_n whole_o black_a the_o rest_z variegated_a with_o white_a and_o black_a transverse_a spot_n the_o feather_n stand_v so_o that_o the_o tail_n when_o shut_v seem_v a_o little_a fork_a the_o foot_n be_v of_o a_o lead_n colour_n it_o have_v the_o toe_n so_o situate_a as_o the_o other_o of_o this_o kind_n viz._n two_o forward_a two_o backward_o the_o two_o fore-toe_n likewise_o connect_v from_o the_o divarication_n place_n to_o the_o first_o joint_n it_o have_v a_o small_a liver_n with_o a_o gall_n annex_v the_o breastbone_n be_v very_o long_o produce_v almost_o to_o the_o vent_n a_o small_a gizzard_n or_o stomach_n in_o that_o we_o dissect_v full_a of_o wood_n cossi_n spondyli_fw-la and_o beetle_n the_o gut_n lie_v deep_a within_o the_o body_n that_o they_o be_v not_o hurt_v when_o the_o bird_n turn_v her_o head_n downward_o and_o strike_v tree_n with_o her_o bill_n it_o be_v common_a to_o this_o with_o the_o rest_n of_o its_o kind_n to_o want_v the_o blind_a gut_n §._o iv._o the_o lesser_a spot_v woodpecker_n or_o hickwall_n picus_n varius_fw-la minor_fw-la this_o be_v for_o shape_n and_o colour_n like_o to_o the_o
more_o manifest_o this_o note_n be_v peculiar_a to_o this_o kind_n not_o agree_v to_o any_o other_o bird_n that_o i_o know_v this_o be_v a_o sign_n that_o their_o flesh_n be_v of_o all_o other_o most_o wholesome_a and_o afford_v best_a nourishment_n so_o that_o it_o be_v not_o undeserved_o have_v in_o high_a esteem_n and_o sell_v dear_a of_o any_o other_o 7._o to_o breed_v many_o young_a at_o a_o time_n 8._o to_o build_v their_o nest_n upon_o the_o ground_n the_o reason_n whereof_o be_v because_o 9_o the_o young_a one_o new_o hatch_v be_v not_o feed_v by_o their_o dam_n with_o meat_n put_v into_o their_o mouth_n but_o be_v cover_v with_o a_o thick_a down_o forsake_v their_o nest_n and_o run_v up_o and_o down_o follow_v the_o old_a one_o and_o feed_v themselves_o pick_v up_o their_o meat_n with_o their_o bill_n 10._o because_o they_o be_v as_o we_o say_v corpulent_a and_o can_v fly_v long_o they_o seek_v their_o food_n walk_v up_o and_o down_o upon_o the_o earth_n and_o for_o that_o reason_n have_v broad_a toe_n that_o they_o may_v stand_v firm_a and_o sure_a and_o be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n good_a runner_n 11._o the_o most_o if_o not_o all_o bird_n of_o this_o kind_n dust_n themselves_o 12._o the_o poultry_n kind_n only_o but_o not_o all_o the_o several_a species_n of_o this_o kind_n be_v arm_v with_o spur_n we_o shall_v distinguish_v the_o bird_n of_o this_o kind_n into_o tame_a and_o wild_a the_o wild_a we_o shall_v subdivide_v into_o those_o that_o have_v the_o back-toe_n and_o those_o that_o want_v it_o those_o again_o that_o have_v the_o back_n toe_n into_o granivorous_a and_o phytivorous_a or_o by_o a_o more_o evident_a mark_n such_o as_o have_v scarlet_a red_a eyebrow_n bird_n of_o the_o poultry_n kind_n be_v either_o tame_a and_o domestic_a as_o the_o peacock_n turkey_n dunghill_n cock_n etc._n etc._n wild_a which_o either_o have_v the_o back_n toe_n be_v granivorous_a as_o the_o pheasant_n partridge_n quail_n etc._n etc._n phytivorou_n with_o red_a eyebrow_n as_o cock_n of_o the_o wood_n etc._n etc._n want_v the_o back-toe_n as_o the_o bustard_n etc._n etc._n chap._n x._o of_o tame_a poultry_n §._o i._o the_o dunghill_n cock_n and_o hen._n gallus_n gallinaceus_fw-la &_o gallina_n domestica_fw-la this_o bird_n call_v by_o the_o grecian_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o of_o old_a by_o a_o general_a name_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d be_v and_o have_v be_v so_o well_o know_v in_o all_o age_n and_o place_n that_o it_o will_v be_v but_o lose_v labour_n to_o bestow_v many_o word_n on_o the_o describe_v of_o it_o by_o its_o erect_a tail_n have_v the_o component_a feather_n so_o situate_a as_o to_o make_v a_o angle_n or_o ridge_n its_o fleshy_a naked_a serrate_v comb_n and_o gills_o or_o wattles_n hang_v down_o under_o its_o chin_n and_o last_o by_o its_o long_a spur_n it_o be_v abundant_o distinguish_v from_o all_o other_o bird_n of_o its_o kind_n and_o easy_o know_v at_o first_o sight_n the_o dunghill_n cock_n alone_o of_o all_o diurnal_a bird_n except_v the_o nightingale_n sing_v or_o crow_n by_o night_n viz._n after_o midnight_n two_o or_o three_o time_n at_o interval_n before_o break_v of_o day_n the_o number_n of_o quill-feather_n in_o each_o wing_n compute_v all_o to_o the_o very_a lest_o be_v twenty_o seven_o the_o tail_n consist_v of_o fourteen_o which_o as_o far_o as_o i_o know_v be_v peculiar_a to_o this_o species_n for_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o poultry_n kind_n have_v eighteen_o or_o at_o least_o sixteen_o feather_n apiece_o in_o their_o tail_n of_o these_o the_o two_o middlemost_a be_v in_o cock_n the_o long_a and_o elegant_o reflect_v or_o arcuate_v sickle_a feather_n the_o vulgar_a call_v they_o the_o cock_n be_v a_o most_o salacious_a bird_n do_v sudden_o grow_v old_a and_o become_v less_o fit_a for_o generation_n for_o his_o spirit_n be_v spend_v and_o the_o radical_a moisture_n as_o they_o call_v it_o consume_v by_o the_o immoderate_a use_n of_o venery_n his_o body_n must_v necessary_o wax_v dry_a and_o his_o heat_n of_o lust_n be_v extinguish_v aldrovandus_n write_v that_o himself_o have_v find_v by_o experience_n that_o cock_n when_o they_o be_v above_o three_o year_n old_a do_v indeed_o impregnate_n hen_n but_o that_o they_o become_v more_o impotent_a and_o insufficient_a for_o such_o exercise_n hen_n also_o since_o they_o do_v for_o the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o year_n daily_o lie_v egg_n can_v long_o suffice_v for_o so_o many_o birth_n but_o for_o the_o most_o part_n after_o three_o or_o four_o year_n become_v barren_a and_o effete_a for_o when_o they_o have_v spend_v all_o the_o seed-egg_n which_o from_o the_o beginning_n be_v in_o their_o body_n they_o must_v needs_o cease_v to_o lay_v there_o be_v no_o new_a one_o generate_v within_o how_o long_o these_o bird_n will_v live_v be_v they_o let_v alone_o i_o can_v certain_o determine_v though_o aldrov_n limit_n their_o age_n to_o ten_o year_n for_o they_o be_v keep_v only_o for_o profit_n and_o within_o a_o few_o year_n as_o we_o say_v before_o become_v unfit_a for_o generation_n who_o be_v there_o that_o without_o all_o hope_n of_o gain_n will_v keep_v they_o only_o to_o make_v experiment_n how_o long_o they_o will_v live_v but_o that_o they_o be_v in_o their_o kind_n short-lived_a we_o may_v right_o infer_v from_o their_o salaciousness_n and_o intemperate_a lust_n which_o infeeble_v the_o body_n waste_v the_o spirit_n and_o hasten_v the_o end_n cock_n be_v very_o courageous_a and_o high_a spirit_a bird_n that_o will_v rather_o die_v than_o yield_v be_v wont_a by_o our_o countryman_n to_o be_v with_o great_a care_n and_o exact_a diet_n feed_v and_o train_v up_o for_o the_o combat_n for_o in_o city_n and_o great_a town_n there_o be_v frequent_a cock-fighting_n yet_o not_o upon_o set_a day_n but_o appoint_v by_o the_o cock-master_n at_o their_o pleasure_n or_o when_o they_o agree_v among_o themselves_o yea_o in_o many_o place_n there_o be_v theater_n build_v cockpit_n they_o call_v they_o where_o such_o show_n be_v exhibit_v to_o which_o there_o be_v common_o a_o great_a concourse_n of_o people_n there_o be_v match_n make_v and_o great_a wager_n lay_v beside_o betting_n on_o either_o side_n of_o great_a sum_n of_o money_n which_o they_o carry_v away_o who_o cock_n get_v the_o victory_n right_o and_o well_o breed_v cock_n of_o the_o game_n will_v soon_o die_v upon_o the_o spot_n than_o yield_v and_o give_v over_o the_o fight_n or_o turn_v tail_n and_o run_v away_o no_o better_a flesh_n in_o the_o world_n in_o my_o opinion_n than_o that_o of_o a_o year-old_a pullet_n well_o feed_v or_o a_o fat_a capon_n nothing_o inferior_a to_o not_o to_o say_v better_a than_o that_o of_o a_o pheasant_n or_o partridge_n some_o there_o be_v that_o think_v and_o we_o also_o incline_v to_o their_o opinion_n that_o the_o flesh_n of_o those_o hen_n be_v most_o sweet_a and_o delicate_a which_o be_v feed_v at_o the_o barn-door_n run_v about_o and_o exercise_v themselves_o in_o get_v their_o food_n by_o scrape_v with_o their_o foot_n and_o that_o the_o flesh_n of_o those_o be_v less_o pleasant_a and_o wholesome_a that_o be_v shut_v up_o in_o coop_v and_o cram_v some_o be_v so_o curious_a that_o they_o think_v those_o limb_n most_o wholesome_a which_o be_v most_o exercise_v and_o therefore_o in_o wildfowl_n they_o prefer_v the_o wing_n in_o tame_a the_o leg_n a_o particular_a anatomical_a description_n of_o the_o cvarium_n or_o egg-cluster_n the_o womb_n and_o other_o part_n of_o generation_n in_o a_o hen_n may_v be_v see_v in_o aldrovandus_n his_o ornithology_n tom_n 2._o p._n 199_o etc._n etc._n but_o a_o more_o exact_a in_o dr._n harvey_n exercitation_n de_fw-fr generatione_n of_o the_o coition_n of_o cock_n and_o hen_n lay_v of_o egg_n sit_v and_o hatch_n of_o chicken_n the_o same_o author_n may_v be_v consult_v as_o also_o that_o great_a anatomist_n and_o naturalist_n marcellus_n malpighius_n in_o his_o little_a tractate_n de_fw-la ovo_fw-la who_o of_o all_o other_o do_v most_o exact_o describe_v the_o process_n of_o generation_n or_o of_o the_o formation_n and_o growth_n of_o the_o chicken_n in_o the_o egg_n during_o the_o whole_a time_n of_o incubation_n and_o have_v also_o illustrate_v his_o description_n with_o figure_n of_o the_o use_n of_o the_o flesh_n egg_n and_o all_o other_o part_n of_o pullen_n both_o in_o food_n and_o physic_n gesner_n and_o aldrovandus_n have_v write_v sufficient_o to_o who_o work_n we_o refer_v those_o who_o desire_v to_o know_v all_o those_o particular_n that_o the_o lion_n be_v afraid_a of_o a_o cock_n can_v endure_v the_o sight_n of_o he_o yea_o be_v terrify_v by_o his_o very_a crow_n have_v be_v deliver_v and_o receive_v by_o ancient_n and_o modern_n with_o unanimous_a consent_n and_o approbation_n and_o divers_a reason_n seek_v and_o assign_v for_o this_o
defend_v and_o shift_v for_o itself_o fly_v near_o the_o ground_n and_o that_o impetuous_o with_o great_a force_n and_o swiftness_n for_o two_o hundred_o or_o three_o hundred_o pace_n and_o when_o it_o alight_v or_o fall_v on_o the_o ground_n run_v so_o swift_o that_o scarce_o any_o man_n can_v overtake_v it_o it_o have_v only_o three_o toe_n in_o each_o foot_n like_o the_o bustard_n or_o plover_n the_o root_n of_o all_o the_o feather_n be_v red_a and_o as_o it_o be_v of_o a_o sanguine_a colour_n so_o join_v to_o the_o skin_n as_o in_o the_o bustard_n whence_o also_o we_o take_v it_o to_o be_v a_o kind_n of_o bustard_n for_o both_o but_o especial_o this_o be_v white_a under_o the_o belly_n but_o the_o back_n be_v variegated_a with_o three_o or_o four_o colour_n to_o wit_n a_o yellow_a tend_v to_o red_a with_o somewhat_o of_o cinereous_a and_o red_a intermix_v four_o wing-feather_n in_o the_o upper_a part_n have_v black_a tip_n under_o the_o bill_n down_o as_o far_o as_o the_o breast_n it_o be_v white_a a_o white_a collar_n near_o the_o crop_n compass_n the_o breast_n as_o in_o the_o savoy_n merulae_fw-la or_o water-ouzels_a but_o this_o collar_n appear_v not_o in_o bellonius_fw-la his_o figure_n the_o colour_n of_o the_o head_n and_o upper_a part_n of_o the_o neck_n be_v the_o same_o with_o that_o of_o the_o back_n and_o wing_n the_o bill_n be_v black_a less_o than_o in_o the_o jonic_a attagen_fw-la the_o leg_n incline_v to_o cinereous_a he_o that_o desire_v a_o exact_a description_n of_o this_o bird_n let_v he_o imagine_v a_o quail_n of_o the_o bigness_n of_o a_o pheasant_n but_o very_o much_o spot_v for_o just_a such_o be_v this_o field-duck_n all_o the_o interior_a part_n it_o have_v common_a with_o other_o granivorous_a bird_n it_o be_v reckon_v among_o delicate_a bird_n and_o esteem_v as_o good_a meat_n as_o a_o pheasant_n it_o feed_v indifferent_o upon_o all_o sort_n of_o grain_n as_o also_o upon_o ant_n beetle_n and_o fly_n and_o likewise_o upon_o the_o leaf_n of_o green_a corn_n and_o although_o the_o colour_n of_o the_o neck_n and_o head_n be_v not_o always_o the_o same_o and_o herein_o consist_v the_o difference_n between_o the_o male_a and_o the_o female_a yet_o the_o back_n and_o wing_n never_o change_v colour_n this_o bird_n seem_v not_o to_o have_v be_v mention_v by_o the_o ancient_n chap._n fourteen_o of_o dove_n or_o pigeon_n in_o general_n the_o mark_v common_a to_o all_o sort_n of_o pigeon_n whereby_o they_o may_v be_v distinguish_v from_o all_o other_o kind_n of_o bird_n be_v not_o very_o many_o viz._n a_o peculiar_a figure_n of_o body_n resemble_v that_o of_o a_o cuckoo_n short_a leg_n long_a wing_n swift_a flight_n a_o mournful_a voice_n to_o lay_v only_o two_o egg_n at_o one_o sit_v but_o to_o breed_v often_o in_o a_o year_n aldrovandus_n say_v it_o be_v proper_a to_o all_o pigeon_n to_o wink_v with_o both_o eyelid_n they_o do_v not_o all_o agree_v in_o the_o figure_n of_o the_o bill_n for_o some_o have_v slender_a 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inch_n it_o have_v as_o we_o say_v of_o pigeon_n in_o general_n no_o gallbladder_n and_o lay_v but_o two_o egg_n at_o a_o time_n this_o kind_n vary_v mumch_n in_o colour_n there_o be_v find_v of_o they_o ordinary_o milkwhite_a aldrovandus_n describe_v and_o figure_v many_o sort_n of_o tame_a pigeon_n which_o he_o thus_o distinguish_v tame_a or_o house_n dove_n be_v either_o of_o our_o country_n which_o have_v their_o foot_n either_o naked_a the_o great_a call_v tronfi_n and_o in_o english_a runt_n who_o description_n and_o figure_n you_o have_v t._n 2._o pag._n 462._o the_o lesser_a or_o most_o common_a t._n 2._o pag._n 463._o rough_a the_o great_a t._n 2._o pag._n 466_o the_o lesser_a crest_v t._n 2._o pag._n 469._o smooth-crowned_a t._n 2._o pag._n 467._o outlandish_a to_o wit_n frizzle_a pigeon_n t._n 2._o pag._n 470._o cyprus_n pigeon_n hood_v with_o their_o foot_n rough_a t._n 2._o pag._n 471._o bare_a of_o which_o there_o be_v several_a kind_n set_v forth_o p._n 472_o 473_o 474_o 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yellow_a the_o head_n and_o back_o of_o a_o dusky_a or_o greenish_a ash-colour_n the_o covert-feather_n of_o the_o tail_n black_a the_o quil-feather_n of_o the_o wing_n likewise_o black_a but_o from_o the_o five_o they_o be_v all_o white_a towards_o the_o bottom_n whence_o arise_v a_o whitespot_n or_o stroke_n across_o the_o wing_n from_o a_o narrow_a beginning_n widen_v by_o degree_n so_o that_o in_o the_o last_o feather_n it_o take_v up_o all_o the_o exterior_a vane_n but_o where_o it_o be_v broad_a it_o be_v gradual_o tincture_v with_o yellow_a the_o second_o row_n of_o wing-feather_n be_v black_a with_o whitish_a tip_n the_o edge_n of_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o covert_n be_v green_a the_o tail_n be_v two_o inch_n and_o a_o quarter_n long_o it_o be_v outmost_a feather_n have_v their_o exterior_a web_n almost_o whole_o white_a in_o the_o next_o to_o they_o the_o white_a part_n be_v narrow_a all_o the_o rest_n be_v black_a but_o the_o middlemost_a deep_a it_o be_v bill_n be_v black_a compress_a and_o almost_o triangular_a the_o tongue_n cleave_v and_o rough_a the_o irides_fw-la of_o the_o eye_n of_o a_o hazel-colour_n the_o foot_n black_a the_o outmost_a toe_n join_v to_o the_o middlemost_a as_o in_o other_o small_a bird_n the_o testicle_n small_a and_o round_o in_o the_o stomach_n we_o find_v infect_v this_o excellent_a person_n send_v we_o also_o out_o of_o the_o peak_n of_o derbyshire_n the_o three_o beccafigo_n aldrovand_n of_o aldrovand_n which_o i_o suppose_v differ_v only_o in_o age_n or_o sex_n from_o the_o precedent_n the_o throat_n breast_n and_o belly_n be_v much_o white_a than_o in_o that_o all_o the_o exterior_a web_n of_o the_o outmost_a feather_n of_o the_o tail_n be_v white_a of_o those_o next_o to_o they_o the_o low_a half_n this_o have_v a_o great_a white_a spot_n in_o each_o wing_n altogether_o like_o the_o precedent_n above_o the_o bill_n also_o it_o have_v a_o white_a spot_n the_o back_n else_o be_v coalblack_a in_o its_o fashion_n bigness_n bill_n and_o tail_n it_o agree_v with_o the_o coldfinch_n chap._n xvi_o the_o white-throat_n a_o spipola_n prima_fw-la aldrov_n the_o body_n of_o this_o bird_n seem_v to_o be_v something_o long_o than_o that_o of_o the_o beccafigo_n before_o describe_v but_o of_o almost_o the_o same_o magnitude_n from_o the_o tip_n of_o the_o bill_n to_o the_o end_n of_o the_o tail_n or_o of_o the_o foot_n for_o they_o be_v equal_o extend_v it_o have_v six_o inch_n and_o a_o quarter_n of_o length_n between_o the_o extreme_a point_n of_o the_o wing_n spread_v eight_o and_o a_o half_a of_o breadth_n the_o upper_a bill_n be_v black_a the_o lower_z white_z the_o tongue_n slit_v with_o a_o deep_a incision_n the_o mouth_n within_o yellow_a the_o irides_fw-la of_o the_o eye_n hazel-coloured_n the_o foot_n be_v of_o a_o dusky_a yellow_a or_o amber-colour_n the_o back-toe_n great_a the_o exterior_a foretoe_n equal_a and_o less_o than_o in_o other_o small_a bird_n join_v at_o bottom_n to_o the_o middlemost_a the_o interior_a by_o a_o intervening_a membrane_n which_o we_o have_v not_o observe_v in_o other_o bird_n of_o this_o kind_n the_o upper_a surface_n of_o the_o body_n from_o red_a incline_v to_o a_o ash-colour_n the_o head_n more_o cinereous_a the_o chin_n white_a the_o rest_n of_o the_o throat_n white_a with_o a_o tincture_n of_o red_a the_o breast_n also_o and_o low_o belly_n be_v something_o red_a in_o the_o hen_n the_o breast_n be_v white_a without_o any_o mixture_n of_o red_a the_o outmost_a edge_n of_o the_o first_o or_o outmost_a quil-feather_n be_v white_a the_o exterior_a edge_n of_o those_o next_o the_o body_n be_v red_a the_o extreme_a feather_n of_o the_o tail_n on_o each_o side_n have_v all_o their_o exterior_a web_n and_o half_a their_o interior_a white_a of_o the_o next_o to_o these_o the_o tip_v only_o be_v white_a all_o the_o rest_n be_v black_a only_o the_o extreme_a border_n or_o edge_n especial_o of_o the_o two_o middlemost_a incline_v to_o cinereous_a it_o frequent_v garden_n and_o feed_v upon_o beetle_n fly_n and_o other_o infect_v creep_v and_o hop_v up_o and_o down_o in_o bush_n like_o the_o hedg-sparrow_n it_o build_v also_o in_o bush_n not_o far_o from_o the_o ground_n the_o outer_a part_n of_o the_o nest_n be_v make_v of_o the_o tender_a stalk_n of_o herb_n and_o dry_a straw_n the_o middlemost_a of_o fine_a bent_n and_o soft_a grass_n the_o inner_a on_o which_o the_o egg_n lie_v of_o horsehair_n or_o other_o long_a hair_n it_o lay_v about_o five_o egg_n oblong_o of_o a_o dusky_a colour_n mingle_v of_o white_a and_o green_a besprinkle_v over_o with_o black_a speck_n this_o bird_n be_v very_o like_o the_o ficedula_fw-la above_o describe_v yet_o differ_v in_o some_o particular_n especial_o that_o the_o outmost_a feather_n of_o the_o tail_n in_o this_o be_v white_a whereas_o in_o that_o the_o tail_n be_v all_o of_o one_o colour_n among_o the_o doubtful_a bird_n of_o this_o kind_n at_o least_o to_o we_o not_o sufficient_o know_v we_o reckon_v 1._o the_o small_a nightingale_n lusciniola_n or_o roussette_n of_o bellonius_fw-la which_o you_o may_v find_v in_o aldrovand_n tom_n 2._o pag._n 767._o perchance_o the_o same_o with_o the_o giarola_n of_o aldrovand_n have_v a_o red_a bill_n and_o the_o colour_n of_o the_o body_n like_o a_o quail_n 2._o oenanthe_n congener_fw-la aldrov_n tom_fw-mi 2._o p._n 764._o 3._o the_o other_o spipola_n of_o aldrovand_n tom_fw-mi 2._o p._n 731._o the_o description_n whereof_o we_o have_v already_o set_v down_o edition_n p._n 153._o which_o perchance_o may_v be_v the_o same_o with_o our_o spipoletta_n or_o with_o our_o whin-chat_n p._n 168._o 4._o spipola_n tertia_fw-la or_o boarina_n of_o aldrovand_n p._n 732._o which_o we_o have_v already_o enter_v the_o description_n of_o p._n 153._o 5._o the_o stoparola_n of_o aldrovand_n p._n 732_o which_o you_o may_v find_v also_o in_o pag._n 153._o of_o this_o work_n 6._o boarina_n of_o aldrovand_n p._n 733._o who_o description_n we_o have_v subjoin_v to_o the_o ficedula_fw-la p._n 158._o 7._o grisola_n which_o we_o have_v annex_v to_o our_o spipoletta_n pag._n 153._o 8._o anthos_fw-la or_o florus_n which_o we_o have_v remember_v in_o our_o chapter_n of_o oenanthe_n pag._n 169._o these_o and_o some_o other_o bird_n comprehend_v by_o aldrovandus_n in_o three_o chapter_n viz._n twenty_o six_o twenty_o seven_o and_o twenty_o eight_o of_o the_o seventeen_o book_n under_o the_o title_n of_o spipolae_fw-la stoparolae_fw-la and_o muscicapae_n seem_v to_o we_o reducible_a to_o three_o or_o four_o species_n viz._n to_o the_o white-throat_n or_o moucherolle_v or_o passer_n rubi_fw-la for_o bellonius_fw-la his_o moucherolle_n be_v perchance_o another_o sort_n of_o bird_n and_o the_o beccasigo_n or_o black-cap_n chap._n xvii_o the_o water-wagtail_n motacilla_n in_o greek_a 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d §._o i._o the_o white_a
wagtail_n motacilla_n alba_fw-la this_o bird_n be_v every_o where_o so_o well_o know_v that_o it_o may_v seem_v enough_o to_o name_v it_o not_o need_v any_o description_n it_o weigh_v six_o drachm_n be_v in_o length_n from_o the_o point_n of_o the_o bill_n to_o the_o end_n of_o the_o tail_n seven_o inch_n three_o quarter_n in_o breadth_n between_o the_o extremity_n of_o the_o wing_n stretch_v out_o eleven_o the_o bill_n be_v slender_a not_o a_o inch_n long_o sharp-pointed_a and_o black_a the_o tongue_n cleave_v and_o as_o it_o be_v tear_v the_o mouth_n within_o black_a the_o irides_fw-la of_o the_o eye_n hazel-coloured_n the_o foot_n toe_n and_o claw_n long_o and_o of_o a_o dark_a blackish_a colour_n the_o back-claw_a very_o long_o as_o in_o lark_n the_o outer_a toe_n at_o its_o rise_n stick_v fast_o to_o the_o middle_a one_o white_a feather_n encompass_v the_o upper_a chap_n of_o the_o bill_n than_o the_o eye_n be_v produce_v on_o both_o side_n almost_o to_o the_o wing_n the_o crown_n of_o the_o head_n upper_z and_o low_a side_n of_o the_o neck_n as_o far_o as_o the_o breast_n and_o the_o back_o be_v black_a the_o breast_n and_o belly_n white_a the_o middle_n of_o the_o back_n from_o black_a incline_v to_o cinereous_a the_o rump_n be_v black_a in_o another_o bird_n below_o the_o throat_n i_o observe_v a_o semicircular_a black_a spot_n like_o a_o crescent_n the_o horn_n be_v produce_v almost_o as_o far_o as_o the_o jaw_n the_o wing_n spread_v be_v of_o a_o semicircular_a figure_n the_o quil-feather_n in_o each_o eighteen_o in_o number_n of_o which_o the_o three_o outmost_a end_n in_o sharp_a point_n the_o tip_n of_o the_o middle_a one_o be_v blunt_a and_o indent_a the_o inmost_a be_v adorn_v with_o white_a line_n the_o covert_a feather_n of_o the_o first_o row_n be_v black_a have_v their_o tip_n and_o edge_n white_a those_o of_o the_o second_o row_n have_v only_o white_a tip_n it_o be_v tail_n be_v very_o long_o of_o about_o three_o inch_n and_o a_o half_a which_o it_o almost_o continual_o wag_v up_o and_o down_o whence_o also_o it_o take_v its_o name_n the_o tail_n have_v twelve_o feather_n of_o which_o the_o two_o middlemost_a be_v long_o than_o the_o rest_n and_o sharp-pointed_a the_o other_o all_o of_o equal_a length_n the_o outmost_a be_v almost_o whole_o white_a the_o rest_n black_a the_o colour_n of_o the_o plumage_n in_o this_o kind_n in_o several_a bird_n vary_v not_o a_o little_a be_v in_o some_o more_o cinereous_a in_o some_o black_a the_o liver_n be_v of_o a_o pale_a colour_n it_o be_v much_o conversant_a about_o the_o brink_n of_o river_n and_o pool_n and_o other_o watery_a place_n where_o it_o catch_v fly_n and_o water_n infect_v moreover_o it_o follow_v the_o plough_n to_o gather_v up_o the_o worm_n which_o together_o with_o the_o earth_n it_o turn_v up_o as_o i_o find_v in_o aldrovandus_n and_o our_o husbandman_n have_v tell_v i_o of_o their_o own_o observation_n who_o therefore_o call_v it_o the_o seed-bird_n as_o mr._n johnson_n inform_v i_o in_o the_o northern_a part_n of_o england_n it_o appear_v not_o in_o the_o winter_n and_o be_v also_o then_o more_o rare_a in_o the_o sòuthern_a either_o because_o it_o be_v impatient_a of_o cold_a or_o for_o want_n of_o meat_n fly_n and_o other_o wing_a infect_v on_o which_o it_o chief_o feed_v be_v not_o to_o be_v find_v in_o wintertime_n in_o the_o gizzard_n of_o one_o dissect_v we_o find_v infect_v like_a to_o meal-worm_n gesner_n write_v that_o the_o fowler_n in_o his_o country_n have_v observe_v the_o cuckow-chicken_n hatch_v and_o bring_v up_o by_o this_o bird_n the_o same_o albertus_n and_o our_o experience_n also_o confirm_v as_o we_o have_v cuckoo_n elsewhere_o show_v one_o or_o two_o ounce_n of_o the_o powder_n of_o this_o bird_n put_v in_o a_o pot_n close-stopt_a and_o bake_a in_o a_o oven_n together_o with_o the_o feather_n take_v in_o saxisrage_n water_n or_o strong_a white-wine_n be_v say_v to_o be_v good_a against_o the_o stone_n especial_o that_o 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of_o the_o body_n be_v yellow_a the_o breast_n be_v dark_a than_o the_o rest_n the_o upper_a part_n be_v of_o a_o dark_a green_a the_o middle_a of_o the_o back_o be_v black_a the_o crown_n of_o the_o head_n be_v of_o a_o yellowish_a green_a above_o the_o eye_n be_v a_o yellow_a line_n reach_v to_o the_o hinder_a part_n of_o the_o head_n the_o tail_n be_v two_o inch_n three_o quarter_n long_o consist_v of_o twelve_o feather_n the_o middle_a two_o whereof_o be_v sharp_a than_o the_o rest_n the_o outmost_a on_o each_o side_n be_v above_o half_a white_a the_o intermediate_v eight_o black_a all_o of_o equal_a length_n the_o figure_n of_o the_o wing_n be_v the_o same_o with_o that_o of_o the_o precedent_n the_o quil-feather_n in_o number_n eighteen_o of_o which_o the_o sixteen_o be_v long_a than_o those_o next_o it_o and_o have_v the_o outward_a limb_n white_a the_o tip_n of_o the_o middle_a covert-feather_n be_v of_o a_o greenish_a white_a else_o the_o wing_n be_v all_o over_o dusky_a the_o 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whether_o this_o bird_n be_v specifical_o distinct_a or_o no_o from_o the_o precedent_n i_o be_o not_o full_o satisfy_v but_o because_o both_o aldrovandus_n and_o olina_n make_v it_o distinct_a i_o will_v not_o omit_v it_o olina_n call_v it_o zivolo_n from_o its_o note_n zi_fw-fr zi_fw-fr which_o it_o often_o ingeminate_v §._o iv._o the_o reed-sparrow_n passer_n torquatus_fw-la in_o arundinetis_fw-la nidisican_n perchance_o the_o passer_n arundinaceus_n of_o turner_n it_o be_v big_a than_o the_o linnet_n equal_a to_o the_o chaffinch_n the_o cock_n weigh_v three_o quarter_n of_o a_o ounce_n be_v from_o bill-point_n to_o tail-end_n six_o inch_n and_o a_o half_a long_a broad_a between_o the_o extreme_n of_o the_o wing_n spread_v ten_o inch_n the_o bill_n short_a black_a mr._n willughby_n make_v the_o upper_a mandible_a black_a the_o nether_a whitish_a like_v the_o bill_n of_o the_o hortulane_n mr._n willughby_n compare_v it_o to_o the_o chaffinche_n bill_n the_o low_a chap_n have_v its_o edge_n on_o both_o side_n bend_v inward_o be_v hollow_a in_o fashion_n of_o a_o funnel_n and_o contain_v the_o tongue_n within_o it_o beside_o near_o its_o base_a it_o rise_v up_o into_o a_o dent_n or_o angle_n on_o each_o side_n to_o which_o there_o be_v a_o notch_n or_o furrow_v correspondent_a in_o the_o upper_a chap_n to_o receive_v it_o as_o in_o the_o bunting_n bill_n the_o head_n be_v black_a the_o cheek_n about_o the_o eye_n red_a a_o ring_n of_o white_a encompass_n the_o neck_n which_o on_o each_o side_n be_v stretch_v forth_o to_o the_o corner_n of_o the_o mouth_n the_o chin_n and_o throat_n be_v black_a the_o breast_n and_o middle_n of_o the_o belly_n white_a the_o back_n and_o covert-feather_n of_o the_o wing_n be_v particoloured_a of_o red_a and_o black_a viz._n the_o middle_a part_n of_o each_o feather_n black_a the_o outside_n red_a the_o rump_n red_a with_o a_o mixture_n of_o ash-colour_n the_o quil-feather_n of_o the_o wing_n be_v dusky_a have_v their_o exterior_a edge_n red_a the_o tip_n of_o the_o seven_o first_o or_o outmost_a be_v sharp_a of_o the_o rest_n blunt_a indent_a and_o of_o a_o ash-colour_n the_o lesser_a row_n of_o wing-feather_n have_v their_o outer_a edge_n and_o tip_n red_a be_v else_o of_o a_o ash-colour_n the_o plumage_n on_o the_o base_a or_o ridge_n of_o the_o wing_n bluish_a underneath_o the_o wing_n white_a the_o tail_n be_v two_o inch_n and_o a_o half_a long_a and_o make_v up_o of_o twelve_o feather_n of_o which_o the_o two_o middlemost_a be_v something_o short_a than_o the_o rest_n and_o black_a their_o outward_a edge_n red_a the_o three_o next_o on_o each_o side_n be_v dark_a colour_v and_o almost_o black_a the_o exterior_a edge_n of_o the_o five_o be_v white_a the_o interior_a also_o not_o far_o from_o the_o tip_n be_v spot_v with_o white_a the_o outmost_a feather_n be_v whole_o white_a all_o
call_v by_o late_a writer_n butorius_fw-la and_o botaurus_n and_o by_o aristotle_n also_o ocnus_n in_o bigness_n it_o fall_v not_o much_o short_a of_o the_o common_a heron-shaw_n it_o be_v length_n from_o the_o tip_n of_o the_o bill_n to_o the_o end_n of_o the_o claw_n be_v thirty_o eight_o inch_n to_o the_o end_n of_o the_o tail_n twenty_o nine_o it_o be_v head_n be_v small_a narrow_a or_o compress_v at_o side_n the_o crown_n black_a at_o the_o angle_n of_o the_o mouth_n on_o each_o side_n be_v a_o black_a spot_n the_o throat_n and_o side_n of_o the_o neck_n be_v red_a with_o narrow_a transverse_a black_a line_n the_o neck_n be_v clothe_v with_o very_o long_a feather_n seem_v to_o be_v both_o short_a and_o much_o great_a than_o indeed_o it_o be_v the_o long_a feather_n on_o the_o breast_n be_v black_a in_o their_o middle_n the_o inner_a part_n of_o the_o thigh_n and_o the_o low_a belly_n be_v white_a with_o a_o light_a tincture_n of_o red_a the_o outside_n of_o the_o thigh_n be_v 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and_o grow_a slenderer_n by_o degree_n to_o the_o point_n of_o a_o greenish_a colour_n and_o have_v sharp_a side_n or_o edge_n the_o side_n of_o the_o low_a mandible_a fall_n within_o the_o upper_a when_o the_o mouth_n be_v shut_v the_o upper_a chap_n have_v a_o long_a cranny_n or_o furrow_n or_o channel_n excavate_v on_o each_o side_n wherein_o be_v the_o nostril_n the_o tongue_n be_v sharp_a not_o cleave_v reach_v scarce_o to_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o bill_n the_o irides_fw-la of_o the_o eye_n from_o hazel_n incline_v to_o yellow_a in_o another_o bird_n they_o be_v red_a the_o slit_n of_o the_o mouth_n be_v very_o wide_a run_v out_o beyond_o the_o eye_n towards_o the_o hinder_a part_n of_o the_o head_n so_o that_o the_o eye_n seem_v to_o be_v situate_a as_o it_o be_v in_o the_o very_a bill_n under_o the_o eye_n the_o skin_n be_v bare_a of_o feather_n and_o of_o a_o green_a colour_n the_o ear_n be_v great_a and_o wide_a open_a the_o shanks_n be_v bare_a a_o little_a above_o the_o knee_n the_o foot_n green_a the_o toe_n great_a and_o very_o long_o arm_v also_o with_o long_a and_o strong_a talon_n that_o of_o the_o middle_a toe_n serrate_v on_o the_o interior_a edge_n in_o like_a manner_n and_o for_o the_o same_o purpose_n viz._n of_o hold_v fast_o eel_n and_o other_o slippery_a fish_n as_o in_o the_o rest_n of_o this_o kind_n the_o back-claw_a which_o be_v remarkable_o thick_a and_o long_o above_o the_o rest_n be_v wont_a to_o be_v set_v in_o silver_n for_o a_o picktooth_n and_o be_v think_v to_o have_v a_o singular_a property_n of_o preserve_v the_o tooth_n the_o outmost_a fore-toe_n be_v join_v to_o the_o middlemost_a at_o bottom_n by_o a_o membrane_n they_o say_v that_o it_o give_v always_o a_o odd_a number_n of_o bomb_n at_o a_o time_n viz._n three_o or_o five_o which_o in_o my_o own_o observation_n i_o have_v find_v to_o be_v false_a it_o begin_v to_o bellow_v about_o the_o begin_n of_o february_n and_o cease_v when_o breed_a time_n be_v over_o the_o common_a people_n be_v of_o opinion_n that_o it_o thrust_v its_o bill_n into_o a_o reed_n by_o the_o help_n whereof_o it_o make_v that_o low_a or_o drum_n noise_n other_o say_v that_o it_o thrust_v its_o bill_n into_o the_o water_n or_o mud_n or_o earth_n and_o by_o that_o mean_n imitate_v the_o lowing_n of_o a_o ox._n it_o hide_v itself_o common_o among_o reed_n and_o rush_n and_o sometime_o lie_v in_o hedge_n with_o its_o neck_n and_o head_n erect_v in_o the_o autumn_n after_o sunset_n these_o bird_n be_v wont_a to_o soar_v aloft_o in_o the_o air_n with_o a_o spiral_n ascent_n so_o high_a till_o they_o get_v quite_o out_o of_o sight_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n make_v a_o singular_a kind_n of_o noise_n nothing_o like_o to_o low_v as_o for_o the_o interior_a part_n the_o annulary_a cartilage_n of_o the_o windpipe_n after_o its_o divarication_n be_v not_o entire_a or_o perfect_o round_o but_o only_a semicircular_a the_o other_o part_n of_o the_o circle_n be_v supply_v by_o a_o thin_a loose_a membrane_n they_o stand_v also_o at_o a_o great_a distance_n one_o from_o another_o than_o before_o the_o liver_n be_v divide_v into_o two_o lobe_n and_o have_v its_o gallbladder_n annex_v the_o interior_a membrane_n of_o the_o stomach_n be_v wrinkle_v and_o full_a of_o papillary_a glandule_n beneath_o the_o low_a orifice_n of_o the_o stomach_n be_v as_o be_v be_v a_o secondary_a stomach_n of_o a_o singular_a structure_n and_o of_o the_o figure_n of_o the_o letter_n ∽_o have_v a_o thick_a coat_n and_o be_v rugged_a and_o uneven_a with_o fold_n or_o wrinkle_n within_o the_o first_o stomach_n be_v lax_n and_o membranous_a rather_o than_o musculous_a like_o a_o dog_n stomach_n as_o bellonius_fw-la right_o compare_v it_o it_o have_v no_o craw_n only_o one_o blind_a gut_n like_o the_o rest_n of_o this_o kind_n half_o a_o inch_n long_o the_o gullet_n just_a below_o the_o bill_n may_v be_v vast_o dilate_v so_o as_o to_o admit_v a_o man_n fist_n in_o the_o stomach_n dissect_v we_o find_v the_o fur_n and_o bone_n of_o mouse_n instead_o of_o the_o transverse_a rib_n be_v only_o small_a appendix_n the_o vertebre_n next_o the_o head_n be_v bend_v downward_o all_o the_o rest_n up_o ward_n the_o breastbone_n be_v bow_n arcuate_v the_o angle_n or_o aperture_n of_o the_o breastbone_n be_v fill_v up_o with_o a_o thin_a loose_a pellucid_a membrane_n the_o gullet_n and_o windpipe_n descend_v down_o the_o right_a side_n of_o the_o neck_n it_o have_v also_o a_o bony_a appendix_n in_o the_o angle_n of_o the_o merrithought_n but_o less_o than_o the_o common_a heron._n it_o be_v call_v by_o late_a writer_n butorius_fw-la and_o botaurus_n because_o it_o seem_v to_o imitate_v boatum_fw-la tauri_fw-la the_o bellow_n of_o a_o bull._n the_o author_n of_o philomela_n call_v it_o butio_n but_o his_o mistake_n be_v so_o many_o that_o no_o account_n be_v to_o be_v make_v of_o his_o authority_n some_o have_v make_v it_o to_o be_v the_o onocrotalus_n because_o of_o its_o voice_n which_o to_o say_v the_o truth_n seem_v to_o i_o much_o more_o to_o imitate_v the_o bray_n of_o a_o ass_n than_o the_o low_v of_o a_o bull_n but_o pliny_n have_v so_o exact_o describe_v the_o onocrotalus_n that_o no_o man_n that_o shall_v compare_v the_o note_n with_o the_o bird_n can_v possible_o doubt_v that_o it_o be_v that_o we_o common_o call_v the_o pelecan_n though_o those_o that_o have_v see_v and_o observe_v it_o never_o hear_v it_o make_v any_o such_o bray_a noise_n when_o keep_v tame_a which_o be_v something_o strange_a unless_o perhaps_o be_v discontent_v with_o its_o captivity_n it_o delight_v not_o to_o make_v that_o noise_n it_o do_v when_o at_o liberty_n the_o bittern_n be_v say_v above_o all_o other_o bird_n to_o strike_v at_o man_n eye_n it_o build_v upon_o the_o ground_n common_o in_o a_o tuft_n of_o rush_n lay_v four_o or_o five_o egg_n of_o a_o round_a figure_n and_o whitish_a colour_n incline_v to_o cinereous_a or_o green_a not_o spot_v at_o all_o this_o without_o doubt_n be_v that_o bird_n our_o common_a people_n call_v the_o night-raven_n and_o have_v such_o a_o dread_n of_o imagine_v it_o cry_v portend_v no_o less_o than_o their_o death_n or_o the_o death_n of_o some_o of_o their_o near_a relation_n for_o it_o fly_v in_o the_o night_n answer_v their_o description_n of_o be_v like_o a_o flag_a collar_n and_o have_v such_o a_o kind_n of_o hooping_a cry_n as_o they_o talk_v of_o §._o xiii_o *_o aldrovandus_fw-la his_o three_o sort_n of_o speckled_a heron._n this_o bird_n send_v from_o epidaurus_n be_v all_o over_o of_o one_o and_o the_o same_o colour_n to_o wit_n red_a deep_a above_o light_a underneath_o this_o same_o or_o at_o least_o one_o very_o like_a to_o it_o take_v in_o our_o fen_n have_v
on_o which_o the_o nest_n be_v build_v and_o shake_v out_o the_o young_a one_o but_o sometime_o nest_n and_o all_o down_o to_o the_o ground_n §._o ii_o *_o tlauhquechul_n or_o the_o mexican_n spoon-bill_n of_o hernandez_n it_o be_v a_o bird_n of_o a_o strange_a palate_n it_o feed_v only_o on_o live_a fish_n and_o will_v not_o touch_v dead_a one_o it_o delight_v in_o ravin_a in_o shape_n of_o body_n be_v like_a to_o the_o spoon-bill_n or_o pelecan_n but_o almost_o all_o over_o of_o a_o most_o beautiful_a scarlet_n or_o pale_a red_a colour_n it_o be_v bill_n be_v broad_a round_o towards_o the_o end_n and_o of_o a_o ash-colour_n the_o pupil_n of_o its_o eye_n black_a the_o iris_z red_z and_o wrinkle_a its_o forehead_n like_o that_o of_o a_o turkey_n or_o aura_n its_o head_n almost_o void_a of_o hair_n or_o feather_n of_o a_o white_a colour_n with_o near_a the_o whole_a neck_n and_o part_n of_o the_o breast_n a_o broad_a black_a ring_n distinguish_v the_o head_n from_o the_o neck_n it_o live_v about_o the_o seashore_n and_o river_n §._o iii_o *_o the_o brasilian_n spoon-bill_n call_v aiaia_n and_o by_o the_o portughese_n colherado_n marggrav_n the_o same_o i_o suspect_v with_o the_o precedent_n in_o figure_n it_o agree_v with_o the_o european_a platea_n differ_v only_o in_o colour_n of_o the_o bigness_n of_o a_o goose_n its_o bill_n broad_a like_o a_o spoon_n and_o white_a its_o neck_n long_o its_o foot_n broad_a it_o be_v all_o white_a save_v that_o the_o back_n and_o wing_n be_v of_o a_o pale_a carnation_n colour_n it_o be_v flesh_n be_v edible_a it_o be_v very_o common_a about_o the_o river_n of_o st._n francis_n and_o elsewhere_o in_o fenny_a place_n probably_n this_o bird_n be_v the_o same_o with_o the_o precedent_n we_o have_v a_o bill_n of_o i_o suppose_v one_o of_o these_o american_n plateas_fw-la which_o be_v almost_o twice_o as_o big_a and_o long_o as_o that_o of_o the_o common_a european_a book_n iii_o part_n i._o section_n iii_o waterfowl_n not_o piscivorous_a with_o very_o long_o slender_a straight_a bill_n chap._n i._n §._o i._o the_o woodcock_n scolopax_n aldrov_n tom_fw-mi 3._o pag._n 472._o it_o be_v somewhat_o lesser_a than_o a_o partridge_n the_o upper_a side_n of_o the_o body_n particoloured_a of_o red_a black_a and_o grey_a very_o beautiful_a to_o behold_v from_o the_o bill_n almost_o to_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o head_n it_o be_v of_o a_o red_a ash-colour_n the_o breast_n and_o belly_n be_v grey_a with_o transverse_a brown_a line_n under_o the_o tail_n it_o be_v somewhat_o yellowish_a the_o chin_n be_v white_a with_o a_o tincture_n of_o yellow_a a_o black_a line_n on_o each_o side_n between_o the_o eye_n and_o bill_n the_o back_n of_o the_o head_n be_v most_o black_a with_o two_o or_o three_o cross_a bar_n of_o a_o testaceous_a colour_n the_o prime_a feather_n in_o each_o wing_n be_v about_o twenty_o three_o black_a cross_v with_o red_a bar_n the_o feather_n under_o the_o wing_n be_v curious_o variegated_a with_o grey_a and_o brown_a line_n the_o tail_n be_v 3_o ⅜_n inch_n long_o consist_v of_o twelve_o feather_n the_o tip_n whereof_o be_v cinereous_a above_o and_o white_a underneath_o their_o border_n or_o outside_n as_o it_o be_v indent_v with_o red_a the_o remain_a part_n black_a the_o bill_n be_v three_o inch_n long_o or_o more_o dark_a brown_a towards_o the_o end_n near_o the_o head_n pale_a or_o flesh_n colour_v the_o upper_a mandible_a a_o very_a little_o long_o than_o the_o nether_a the_o tongue_n nervous_a the_o palaterough_n the_o ear_n very_o great_a and_o open_a the_o eye_n stand_v high_a or_o near_o to_o the_o top_n of_o the_o head_n than_o in_o other_o bird_n that_o they_o be_v not_o hurt_v when_o she_o thrust_v her_o bill_n deep_a into_o the_o ground_n the_o leg_n foot_n and_o toe_n be_v of_o a_o pale_a brown_a or_o dusky_a colour_n the_o claw_n black_a the_o back-toe_n very_o little_a have_v also_o but_o a_o little_a claw_n the_o liver_n divide_v into_o two_o lobe_n have_v a_o gallbladder_n annex_v the_o gut_n long_o slender_a and_o have_v many_o revolution_n the_o blind_a gut_n very_o short_a not_o half_o so_o long_o as_o that_o single_a blind_a gut_n the_o remnant_n of_o the_o yolk-funnel_n these_o be_v bird_n of_o passage_n come_v over_o into_o england_n in_o autumn_n and_o depart_v again_o in_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o spring_n yet_o they_o pair_v before_o they_o go_v fly_v two_o together_o a_o male_a and_o a_o female_a they_o frequent_v especial_o moist_a wood_n and_o rivulet_n near_o hedge_n they_o be_v say_v both_o to_o come_v and_o to_o fly_v away_o in_o a_o mist_n at_o nurenberg_n in_o germany_n i_o see_v of_o they_o to_o be_v sell_v in_o august_n whence_o i_o suppose_v they_o abide_v thereabouts_o all_o the_o year_n on_o the_o alps_o and_o other_o high_a mountain_n they_o continue_v all_o summer_n i_o myself_o have_v flush_v woodcock_n on_o the_o top_n of_o the_o mountain_n jura_n in_o june_n and_o july_n some_o straggler_n by_o some_o accident_n leave_v behind_o when_o their_o fellow_n depart_v remain_v also_o in_o england_n all_o summer_n and_o breed_v here_o mr._n jessop_n see_v young_a woodcock_n to_o be_v sell_v at_o sheffield_n and_o other_o have_v see_v they_o elsewhere_o their_o egg_n be_v long_o of_o a_o pale_a red_a colour_n stain_v with_o deep_a spot_n and_o cloud_n of_o two_o that_o i_o describe_v one_o be_v a_o male_a and_o the_o other_o a_o female_a the_o female_a be_v heavy_a than_o the_o male_n by_o a_o ounce_n and_o half_a the_o female_a weigh_v eleven_o ounce_n and_o a_o half_a the_o male_a but_o ten_o the_o female_a also_o be_v of_o a_o dark_a colour_n the_o flesh_n of_o this_o bird_n for_o the_o delicacy_n of_o its_o taste_n be_v in_o high_a esteem_n the_o leg_n especial_o be_v commend_v in_o respect_n whereof_o the_o woodcock_n be_v prefer_v before_o the_o partridge_n itself_o according_a to_o that_o english_a rhythm_n before_o recite_v in_o the_o chapter_n of_o the_o partridge_n if_o the_o partridge_n have_v the_o woodcock_n thigh_n it_o will_v be_v the_o best_a bird_n that_o ever_o do_v fly_v the_o length_n of_o this_o bird_n measure_v from_o the_o tip_n of_o the_o bill_n to_o the_o end_n of_o the_o tail_n be_v thirteen_o inch_n and_o a_o half_a the_o breadth_n between_o the_o tip_n of_o the_o wing_n extend_v twenty_o six_o inch_n among_o we_o in_o england_n this_o bird_n be_v infamous_a for_o its_o simplicity_n or_o folly_n so_o that_o a_o woodcock_n be_v proverbial_o use_v for_o a_o simple_a foolish_a person_n §._o ii_o the_o snipe_n or_o snite_n gallinago_n minor_fw-la this_o weigh_v about_o four_o ounce_n it_o be_v length_n from_o the_o tip_n of_o the_o bill_n to_o the_o end_n of_o the_o toe_n be_v thirteen_o inch_n to_o the_o end_n of_o the_o tail_n eleven_o and_o a_o half_a the_o wing_n spread_v be_v seven_o inch_n and_o a_o half_a wide_a a_o pale_a red_a line_n divide_v the_o head_n in_o the_o middle_n longways_o and_o on_o each_o side_n parallel_n thereto_o a_o list_n of_o black_a and_o without_o the_o black_a over_o the_o eye_n another_o line_n of_o the_o same_o colour_n with_o that_o draw_v along_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o head_n between_o the_o eye_n and_o the_o bill_n be_v a_o dusky_a brown_a line_n the_o chin_n under_o the_o bill_n be_v white_a the_o neck_n be_v mingle_v of_o brown_a and_o red_a the_o breast_n and_o belly_n be_v almost_o whole_o white_a the_o long_a feather_n spring_v from_o the_o shoulder_n reach_v almost_o to_o the_o tail_n have_v their_o outward_a half_n from_o the_o shaft_n of_o a_o pale_a red_a the_o inner_a black_a and_o glister_a their_o tip_n red_a which_o colour_n succeed_v one_o another_o make_v two_o line_n down_o the_o back_n the_o covert-feather_n of_o the_o back_o be_v dusky_a with_o transverse_a white_a line_n those_o incumbent_n on_o the_o tail_n be_v red_a cross_v with_o black_a line_n the_o great_a covert-feather_n of_o the_o wing_n be_v dusky_a with_o white_a tip_n the_o lesser_a be_v particoloured_a with_o black_a red_z and_o grey_a the_o inside_n covert_n be_v curious_o variegated_a with_o brown_a and_o white_a line_n the_o quil-feather_n be_v in_o each_o wing_n about_o twenty_o four_o in_o number_n of_o which_o the_o outer_a edge_n of_o outmost_a be_v white_a almost_o to_o the_o tip_n of_o the_o succeed_a the_o tip_n be_v something_o white_a but_o more_o clear_o from_o the_o eleven_o to_o the_o twenty_o first_o else_o they_o be_v all_o brown_a but_o the_o last_o five_o be_v variegated_a with_o transverse_a black_a and_o pale-red_n line_n the_o tail_n be_v compose_v of_o twelve_o feather_n two_o inch_n and_o a_o half_a long_a it_o seem_v to_o be_v short_a than_o it_o be_v because_o it_o be_v whole_o cover_v and_o hide_v by_o the_o incumbent_a feather_n the_o tip_n of_o its_o
falcinellus_n of_o gesner_n and_o aldrovand_n chap._n v._n *_o the_o brasilian_n guara_n of_o marggrave_n the_o indian_a curlew_n of_o clusius_n exot._n it_o be_v a_o land_n and_o waterfowl_n of_o the_o bigness_n of_o the_o spoon-bill_n it_o have_v a_o bill_n of_o the_o figure_n of_o a_o polonian_a sword_n long_o of_o a_o whitish_a ash-colour_n black_a eye_n a_o neck_n and_o head_n like_o the_o spoon-bill_n the_o wing_n end_v with_o the_o tail_n which_o be_v short_a and_o carry_v low_o the_o leg_n be_v long_o the_o upper_a half_n whereof_o cover_v with_o feather_n the_o rest_n bare_a in_o each_o footfour_n toe_n situate_a as_o be_v usual_a long_a with_o short_a claw_n at_o bottom_n join_v together_o by_o a_o skin_n the_o foot_n and_o leg_n as_o far_o as_o naked_a be_v of_o a_o light_n grey_a as_o be_v also_o the_o bill_n the_o whole_a bird_n be_v cover_v with_o feather_n of_o a_o elegant_a scarlet_a colour_n only_o the_o quil-feather_n of_o the_o wing_n have_v their_o end_n black_a this_o bird_n when_o first_o hatch_v be_v of_o a_o blackish_a colour_n next_o it_o become_v ash-coloured_a then_o white_a after_o by_o degree_n it_o begin_v to_o grow_v red_a and_o in_o the_o second_o year_n of_o its_o age_n be_v all_o over_o of_o that_o colour_n they_o call_v columbin_n and_o as_o it_o grow_v old_a it_o acquire_v that_o elegant_a scarlet_a colour_n it_o feed_v upon_o fish_n and_o flesh_n water_n always_o add_v that_o bird_n which_o clusius_n from_o a_o picture_n send_v he_o by_o the_o duke_n of_o areschot_n describe_v by_o the_o title_n of_o the_o indicus_n indian_a curlew_n be_v without_o all_o doubt_n the_o same_o with_o this_o it_o approach_v well_o to_o the_o bigness_n of_o a_o curlew_n have_v a_o long_a neck_n a_o long_a and_o sharp_a bill_n but_o crooked_a like_o a_o scythe_n long_o and_o slender_a leg_n furnish_v with_o four_o toe_n of_o which_o the_o three_o foremost_a be_v long_a the_o hind-toe_n short_a all_o arm_a with_o black_a claw_n the_o thigh_n for_o half_a that_o part_n that_o be_v above_o the_o knee_n be_v destitute_a of_o feather_n which_o note_n be_v common_a to_o it_o with_o all_o other_o bird_n which_o be_v wont_a to_o frequent_v watery_a and_o fenny_a place_n it_o be_v tail_n be_v short_a not_o exceed_v the_o end_n of_o the_o wing_n but_o the_o feather_n invest_v the_o whole_a body_n be_v of_o another_o colour_n than_o those_o of_o our_o common_a curlew_n for_o they_o be_v whole_o red_a like_o vermilion_n except_v the_o end_n of_o the_o quil-feather_n of_o the_o wing_n which_o be_v black_a it_o be_v bill_n and_o leg_n be_v yellow_a almost_o like_o ochre_n section_n v._o waterfowl_n not_o piscivorous_a with_o slender_a bill_n of_o a_o middle_a length_n chap._n i._n *_o the_o himantopus_n of_o pliny_n aldrov_n lib._n 20._o cap._n 30._o the_o whole_a belly_n breast_n and_o under-side_n of_o the_o neck_n be_v white_a as_o be_v also_o the_o head_n beneath_o the_o eye_n for_o above_o the_o eye_n it_o be_v black_a and_o so_o be_v it_o too_o on_o the_o back_n and_o wing_n the_o bill_n be_v likewise_o black_a a_o palm_n and_o more_o long_o slender_a and_o fit_a to_o strike_v wood-lice_n and_o other_o infect_v the_o tail_n from_o white_a incline_v to_o ash-colour_n but_o underneath_o be_v white_a on_o the_o upper_a side_n of_o the_o neck_n be_v black_a spot_n tend_v downward_o the_o wing_n be_v very_o long_o the_o leg_n and_o thigh_n be_v of_o a_o wonderful_a length_n very_o small_a and_o weak_a and_o so_o much_o the_o more_o unfit_a to_o stand_v upon_o because_o it_o want_v a_o hind-toe_n and_o the_o fore-toe_n for_o the_o length_n of_o the_o leg_n be_v short_a so_o that_o well_o and_o of_o right_n may_v it_o be_v call_v himantopus_n or_o loripes_fw-la its_o leg_n be_v soft_a and_o flexible_a like_o a_o thong_n or_o string_n the_o toe_n be_v of_o almost_o equal_a length_n and_o of_o a_o sanguine_a colour_n yet_o be_v the_o middle_a toe_n a_o little_a the_o long_a the_o claw_n be_v black_a small_a and_o a_o little_a crooked_a see_v gesner_n description_n of_o this_o bird_n and_o what_o else_o he_o have_v concern_v it_o in_o the_o author_n himself_o or_o in_o aldrovandus_n who_o repeat_v it_o out_o of_o he_o ornithol_n lib._n 20._o cap._n 30._o to_o say_v the_o truth_n it_o have_v not_o be_v our_o hap_n as_o yet_o to_o see_v this_o bird_n chap._n ii_o *_o the_o crex_fw-la of_o bellonius_fw-la it_o have_v long_a leg_n like_o the_o limosa_fw-la call_v by_o the_o french_a chevalier_n but_o be_v big_a yet_o lesser_a than_o the_o curlew_n it_o have_v a_o long_a black_a bill_n like_o the_o curlew_n and_o also_o black_a leg_n and_o head_n the_o neck_n back_o and_o breast_n white_a the_o rest_n of_o the_o upper_a part_n of_o the_o body_n incline_v to_o ash-colour_n the_o wing_n be_v blackish_a cross_v on_o both_o side_n by_o a_o white_a line_n near_o the_o costae_fw-la ridge_n it_o seek_v its_o food_n on_o the_o ground_n and_o in_o the_o air_n also_o pursue_v and_o prey_v upon_o fly_n in_o like_a manner_n as_o the_o lapwing_n when_o it_o fly_v it_o make_v a_o great_a noise_n this_o bird_n bellonius_fw-la see_v about_o the_o river_n nile_n and_o thence_o guess_v it_o to_o be_v the_o crex_n of_o aristotle_n because_o in_o its_o cry_n it_o often_o repeat_v this_o word_n crex_n crex_fw-la chap._n iii_o the_o sea-pie_n haematopus_n bellonii_n it_o be_v of_o the_o bigness_n of_o a_o magpie_n or_o crow_n of_o the_o weight_n of_o eighteen_o ounce_n from_o bill_n to_o tail_n or_o claw_n for_o it_o be_v all_o one_o eighteen_o inch_n long_o it_o be_v bill_n be_v straight_o three_o inch_n long_o narrow_a or_o compress_a sideway_n end_v sharp_a of_o a_o red_a colour_n in_o another_o bird_n perchance_o a_o young_a one_o the_o bill_n be_v half_o black_a from_o the_o tip_n by_o its_o figure_n the_o bill_n seem_v to_o be_v frame_v by_o nature_n to_o thrust_v under_o patella_n limpet_n and_o to_o raise_v they_o from_o the_o rock_n that_o so_o it_o may_v feed_v upon_o their_o meat_n the_o upper_a chap_n be_v a_o little_a long_o than_o the_o nether_a the_o irides_fw-la of_o the_o eye_n and_o edge_n of_o the_o eyelid_n of_o a_o curious_a red_a colour_n in_o another_o bird_n they_o be_v from_o yellow_a hazel-coloured_n the_o leg_n and_o foot_n red_a it_o want_v the_o back-toe_n the_o outmost_a and_o middle_a toe_n be_v for_o a_o good_a way_n up_o join_v together_o by_o a_o membrane_n so_o that_o this_o bird_n seem_v to_o be_v of_o a_o middle_a nature_n between_o whole_a and_o cleave_a footed_a in_o some_o we_o observe_v the_o foot_n to_o be_v of_o a_o pale_a dusky_a colour_n perhaps_o those_o also_o be_v young_a one_o the_o claw_n be_v black_a the_o head_n neck_n back_o and_o throat_n to_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o breast_n be_v black_a the_o rest_n of_o the_o breast_n and_o belly_n white_a as_o also_o the_o rump_n from_o this_o likeness_n in_o colour_n it_o take_v the_o name_n of_o sea-pie_n in_o one_o bird_n there_o be_v a_o great_a white_a spot_n under_o the_o chin_n and_o another_o lesser_a under_o each_o eye_n the_o tail_n be_v make_v up_o of_o twelve_o equal_a feather_n of_o four_o inch_n long_o the_o low_a half_o white_a the_o upper_a black_a the_o prime_a feather_n of_o each_o wing_n be_v about_o twenty_o eight_o of_o which_o the_o first_o be_v black_a have_v only_o the_o interior_a edge_n white_a in_o the_o rest_n in_o order_n the_o white_a part_n be_v enlarge_v till_o in_o the_o twenty_o and_o three_o follow_v it_o take_v up_o the_o whole_a feather_n the_o succeed_a from_o the_o twenty_o three_o grow_v gradual_o black_a again_o the_o covert-feather_n of_o the_o middle_a quill_n be_v white_a and_o together_o make_v up_o a_o transverse_a bed_n of_o white_a in_o the_o wing_n the_o stomach_n be_v great_a not_o musculous_a but_o membranous_a in_o which_o dissect_a we_o find_v limpet_n entire_a upon_o which_o it_o seem_v chief_o to_o feed_v and_o live_v as_o from_o the_o make_v of_o its_o bill_n we_o gather_v before_o it_o have_v a_o great_a liver_n divide_v into_o two_o lobe_n with_o a_o gall_n annex_v a_o small_a spleen_n huge_a ureter_n the_o cock_n differ_v not_o from_o the_o hen_n in_o colour_n it_o be_v flesh_n be_v very_o black_a hard_a have_v a_o rank_a taste_n in_o a_o word_n very_o bad_a meat_n which_o we_o can_v but_o wonder_v at_o see_v it_o feed_v chief_o upon_o shellfish_n as_o do_v also_o the_o best_a rellish_v and_o most_o savoury_a of_o waterfowl_n on_o the_o coast_n of_o wales_n and_o elsewhere_o on_o the_o western_a shore_n of_o england_n we_o see_v abundance_n of_o these_o bird_n care_n be_v to_o be_v take_v that_o the_o haematopus_n be_v not_o confound_v with_o the_o himantopus_n or_o loripes_fw-la so_o call_v from_o the_o weakness_n and_o flexibility_n
tail_n be_v of_o a_o lovely_a spadiâ—â—ae_fw-la bright_a bay_n those_o above_o the_o tail_n be_v of_o a_o deep_a bay_n the_o feather_n next_o they_o be_v dusky_a with_o a_o certain_a splendour_n the_o middle_n of_o the_o back_n and_o the_o scapular_a feather_n be_v of_o a_o delicate_a shine_a green_a adorn_v with_o a_o purple_a spot_n on_o each_o side_n next_o the_o wing_n the_o utmost_a edge_n of_o the_o tip_n of_o the_o middlemost_a of_o the_o long_a scapular_a feather_n be_v whitish_a the_o neck_n also_o be_v of_o a_o ash-colour_n with_o a_o mixture_n of_o red_a and_o some_o black_a line_n near_o the_o crest_n of_o the_o master-feather_n of_o the_o wing_n the_o three_o or_o four_o outmost_a be_v black_a with_o white_a tip_n the_o follow_v to_o the_o eleven_o be_v black_a from_o the_o eleven_o they_o be_v white_a at_o bottom_n the_o hindmost_a more_o and_o more_o in_o order_n than_o the_o foremost_a yet_o this_o white_a do_v not_o appear_v in_o the_o upper_a side_n of_o the_o wing_n 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twenty_o six_o or_o twenty_o seven_o quil-feather_n i_o guess_v this_o bird_n to_o be_v the_o same_o with_o the_o puffinet_n of_o the_o farn_v island_n which_o they_o tell_v we_o be_v of_o the_o bigness_n of_o a_o dove_n it_o be_v whole_a body_n in_o summertime_n be_v black_a except_v a_o white_a spot_n in_o each_o wing_n but_o turn_v white_a in_o the_o winter_n that_o it_o have_v a_o narrow_a sharp_a bill_n that_o it_o build_v in_o the_o hole_n of_o the_o rock_n and_o lay_v two_o eggs._n i_o persuade_v myself_o also_o that_o it_o be_v the_o same_o with_o the_o turtledove_n of_o the_o bass_n island_n near_o edinburgh_n in_o scotland_n be_v thereto_o induce_v by_o the_o agreement_n of_o name_n why_o they_o call_v it_o a_o dove_n or_o turtle_n i_o can_v certain_o tell_v it_o be_v indeed_o about_o the_o bigness_n of_o a_o turtle_n and_o lay_v they_o say_v two_o egg_n at_o once_o like_o they_o and_o possible_o there_o may_v be_v some_o agreement_n in_o their_o voice_n or_o note_n section_n ii_o whole-footed_n bird_n with_o four_o fore-toe_n or_o four_o toe_n all_o webed_n together_o chap._n 1._o the_o pelecan_n onocrotalus_n sive_fw-la pelecanus_n aldrov_n the_o length_n of_o this_o bird_n from_o the_o point_n of_o the_o bill_n to_o the_o end_n of_o the_o foot_n or_o of_o the_o tail_n be_v sixty_o inch_n of_o the_o bill_n itself_o from_o the_o tip_n to_o the_o angle_n of_o the_o mouth_n fourteen_o the_o space_n between_o the_o eye_n and_o the_o bill_n be_v feather_n naked_a its_o feather_n be_v almost_o like_o a_o goose_n those_o on_o the_o top_n of_o the_o head_n long_o than_o the_o rest_n stand_v up_o like_o a_o crest_n the_o colour_n of_o the_o whole_a body_n white_a yet_o the_o neck_n be_v yellowish_a the_o shaft_n of_o the_o
else_o white_a the_o seven_o have_v only_o a_o black_a spot_n near_o the_o tip_n all_o the_o rest_n be_v white_a in_o brief_a the_o ridge_n upper_a or_o forepart_n of_o the_o wing_n extend_v be_v all_o along_o black_a which_o colour_n near_o the_o back_o be_v dilate_v into_o a_o large_a and_o broad_a stroke_n or_o spot_n the_o bill_n be_v more_o than_o a_o inch_n long_o something_o arcuate_v or_o bend_v downward_o especial_o towards_o the_o point_n which_o be_v sharp_a of_o a_o black_a colour_n the_o low_a mandible_a not_o far_o from_o the_o tip_n bunch_a out_o into_o a_o angle_n underneath_o as_o in_o the_o rest_n of_o this_o kind_n its_o leg_n and_o foot_n be_v of_o ash_n or_o livid_n colour_n its_o claw_n black_a it_o have_v some_o rudiment_n of_o a_o hind-toe_n rather_o than_o a_o perfect_a toe_n for_o it_o be_v only_o a_o carneous_a knob_v without_o any_o claw_n the_o leg_n also_o be_v destitute_a of_o feather_n for_o about_o the_o length_n of_o a_o inch_n above_o the_o knee_n the_o colour_n of_o the_o mouth_n within_o and_o the_o tongue_n be_v like_a that_o of_o a_o apple_n assyrian_a apple_n as_o bellonius_fw-la have_v observe_v the_o tail_n be_v five_o inch_n long_o make_v up_o of_o twelve_o almost_o equal_a feather_n the_o number_n of_o quil-feather_n in_o each_o wing_n twenty_o eight_o or_o twenty_o nine_o this_o bird_n be_v easy_o know_v and_o distinguish_v from_o all_o other_o of_o this_o kind_n that_o we_o have_v hitherto_o observe_v by_o its_o want_v the_o back-toe_n it_o be_v common_a on_o our_o seacoast_n §._o vi_o the_o pewit_n or_o black-cap_n call_v in_o some_o place_n the_o sea-crow_n and_o mire-crow_n larus_n cinereus_fw-la ornithologi_fw-la 73._o aldrov_n also_o the_o larus_n cinereus_fw-la tertius_fw-la aldrov_n the_o cepphus_n of_o turner_n and_o gesner_n it_o be_v about_o the_o bigness_n of_o a_o tame_a pigeon_n that_o which_o we_o describe_v weigh_v about_o ten_o ounce_n its_o length_n from_o tip_n of_o bill_n to_o end_v of_o tail_n be_v fifteen_o inch_n its_o breadth_n thirty_o seven_o it_o be_v bill_n be_v of_o a_o sanguine_a colour_n bend_v something_o downward_o from_o the_o point_n to_o the_o angle_n of_o the_o mouth_n two_o inch_n long_o the_o palate_n be_v of_o a_o red-lead_a colour_n the_o eye_n hazel-coloured_n the_o edge_n of_o the_o eyelid_n red_a both_o upper_a and_o low_a eyelid_n towards_o the_o hind-part_n of_o the_o head_n be_v compass_v with_o white_a feather_n the_o head_n and_o throat_n be_v black_a but_o dilute_a the_o middle_n of_o the_o back_o ash-coloured_a the_o neck_n tail_n breast_n and_o belly_n white_a the_o number_n of_o quil-feather_n in_o each_o wing_n twenty_o nine_o the_o tip_n and_o extreme_a edge_n of_o the_o first_o be_v white_a the_o rest_n of_o the_o feather_n black_a the_o follow_a feather_n to_o the_o ten_o have_v black_a tip_n yet_o with_o some_o diversity_n in_o several_a bird_n else_o the_o whole_a wing_n be_v ash-coloured_a the_o tail_n all_o snow-white_a of_o about_o five_o inch_n length_n not_o fork_v consist_v of_o twelve_o feather_n the_o wing_n gather_v up_o reach_v beyond_o the_o end_n of_o the_o tail_n the_o leg_n be_v of_o a_o dark_a sanguine_a colour_n the_o back-toe_n small_a the_o claw_n little_a and_o black_a the_o male_n differ_v little_a from_o the_o female_n in_o colour_n or_o outward_a appearance_n near_a gravesend_n a_o huge_a number_n of_o these_o bird_n frequent_v the_o river_n thames_n we_o see_v and_o describe_v at_o chester_n a_o bird_n of_o this_o kind_n which_o there_o they_o call_v the_o sea-crow_n which_o differ_v from_o the_o precedent_n in_o some_o accident_n of_o less_o moment_n viz._n the_o crown_n or_o top_n of_o its_o head_n only_o be_v black_a not_o its_o throat_n each_o wing_n have_v twenty_o eight_o quil-feather_n the_o outmost_a of_o which_o have_v its_o tip_n and_o exterior_a edge_n black_a the_o three_o next_o in_o order_n have_v their_o outer_a web_n white_a their_o tip_n and_o interior_a edge_n black_a the_o three_o succeed_v have_v only_o their_o tip_n black_a the_o three_o four_o and_o five_o and_o in_o some_o also_o the_o second_o feather_n have_v a_o spot_n of_o white_a on_o their_o tip_n of_o this_o kind_n also_o be_v those_o bird_n which_o yearly_o build_v and_o breed_v at_o norbury_n in_o staffordshire_n in_o a_o island_n in_o the_o middle_n of_o a_o great_a pool_n in_o the_o ground_n of_o mr._n skrimshew_o distant_a at_o least_o thirty_o mile_n from_o the_o sea_n about_o the_o begin_n of_o march_n hither_o they_o come_v about_o the_o end_n of_o april_n they_o build_v they_o lay_v three_o four_o or_o five_o egg_n of_o a_o dirty_a green_a colour_n spot_v with_o dark_a brown_a two_o inch_n long_o of_o a_o ounce_n and_o half_a weight_n blunt_a at_o one_o end_n the_o first_o down_n of_o the_o young_a be_v ash-coloured_a and_o spot_v with_o black_a the_o first_o feather_n on_o the_o back_n after_o they_o be_v fledge_v be_v black_a when_o the_o young_a be_v almost_o come_v to_o their_o full_a growth_n those_o entrust_v by_o the_o lord_n of_o the_o soil_n drive_v they_o from_o off_o the_o island_n through_o the_o pool_n into_o net_n set_v on_o the_o bank_n to_o take_v they_o when_o they_o have_v take_v they_o they_o feed_v they_o with_o the_o entrail_n of_o beast_n and_o when_o they_o be_v fat_a sell_v they_o for_o four_o penny_n or_o five_o penny_n apiece_o they_o take_v yearly_a about_o a_o thousand_o two_o hundred_o young_a one_o whence_o may_v be_v compute_v what_o profit_n the_o lord_n make_v of_o they_o about_o the_o end_n of_o july_n they_o all_o fly_v away_o and_o leave_v the_o island_n some_o say_v that_o the_o crown_n of_o those_o bird_n be_v black_a only_o in_o spring_n and_o summer_n a_o certain_a friend_n of_o i_o say_v aldrovand_n do_v sometime_o write_v to_o i_o from_o comachio_n that_o the_o feather_n on_o their_o head_n grow_v black_a in_o march_n and_o that_o that_o blackness_n continue_v for_o three_o month_n viz._n so_o long_o as_o they_o be_v breed_v and_o rear_v their_o young_a and_o that_o the_o other_o nine_o month_n of_o the_o year_n they_o be_v white_a which_o thing_n if_o it_o be_v true_a for_o to_o i_o indeed_o it_o seem_v not_o probable_a no_o wonder_n that_o of_o one_o and_o the_o same_o species_n of_o bird_n describe_v at_o several_a time_n of_o the_o year_n there_o shall_v be_v three_o or_o four_o make_v aldrovandus_n write_v that_o the_o description_n of_o gesner_n agree_v in_o other_o thing_n to_o his_o ash-coloured_a gull_n disagree_v only_o in_o the_o colour_n of_o its_o bill_n and_o foot_n but_o perhaps_o say_v he_o the_o colour_n of_o the_o bill_n and_o foot_n may_v vary_v in_o bird_n of_o the_o same_o species_n which_o i_o will_v not_o easy_o grant_v unless_o they_o differ_v in_o age_n or_o sex_n §._o vii_o *_o the_o great_a white_a gull_n of_o bellonius_fw-la which_o we_o judge_v not_o to_o be_v specifical_o different_a from_o our_o pewit_n it_o be_v say_v he_o lesser_a than_o the_o ash-coloured_a mew_n and_o a_o veryhandsom_a bird_n as_o fair_a to_o see_v to_o as_o a_o white_a pigcon_n though_o it_o seem_v to_o be_v bigger-bodied_n and_o yet_o be_v strip_v of_o its_o feather_n it_o have_v far_o less_o flesh_n it_o be_v as_o white_a as_o snow_n yet_o wing_n under_o the_o wing_n it_o have_v somewhat_o of_o ash-colour_n the_o eye_n be_v great_a and_o encompass_v with_o a_o black_a circle_n near_o the_o region_n of_o the_o ear_n on_o both_o side_n be_v a_o black_a spot_n it_o be_v well_o wing_a for_o the_o wing_n exceed_v the_o tail_n in_o length_n its_o leg_n and_o bill_n be_v red_a which_o they_o be_v not_o in_o the_o ash-coloured_a gull_n it_o stand_v straight_o upon_o its_o leg_n carry_v the_o hinder_a part_n of_o the_o body_n more_o elevate_v so_o that_o the_o low_a part_n seem_v to_o be_v bend_v like_o a_o bow_n the_o bill_n be_v round_o and_o sharp-pointed_a the_o end_n of_o the_o wing_n black_a this_o bird_n in_o most_o thing_n approachòs_fw-la to_o our_o pewit_n last_o describe_v it_o differ_v in_o the_o colour_n of_o the_o crown_n and_o in_o the_o black_a spot_n about_o the_o ear_n aldrovandus_n make_v the_o lesser_a white_a larus_n of_o bellonius_fw-la to_o be_v the_o same_o with_o the_o cepphus_n of_o turner_n that_o be_v our_o pewit_n i_o rather_o think_v it_o to_o be_v the_o sea-swallow_n because_o he_o write_v that_o it_o frequent_v fenny_a place_n and_o thò_fw-la bank_n of_o river_n chap._n ii_o great_a brown_a and_o grey_a gull_n §._o i._o our_o catarracta_n i_o suppose_v the_o cornish_a gannet_n skua_fw-la hoier_n clus_o the_o skin_n of_o this_o stuff_v be_v send_v we_o by_o our_o learned_a and_o worthy_a friend_n dr._n walter_n needham_n who_o find_v it_o hang_v up_o in_o a_o certain_a gentleman_n hall_n the_o bird_n itself_o live_v or_o new_o
to_o the_o claw_n be_v a_o quarter_n of_o a_o yard_n of_o its_o gut_n seven_o quarter_n it_o be_v bill_n and_o foot_n be_v brown_a braunlecht_fw-mi the_o picture_n represent_v they_o of_o a_o dark_a purple_a the_o colour_n of_o the_o whole_a body_n be_v grey_a grau_v i_o take_v this_o to_o be_v no_o other_o than_o the_o great_a grey_a gull_n describe_v in_o the_o three_o place_n but_o then_o the_o colour_n of_o the_o leg_n be_v mistake_v §._o vii_o *_o aldrovand_n cepphus_n it_o be_v not_o like_o a_o gull_n in_o any_o thing_n save_o the_o bill_n and_o shape_n of_o the_o leg_n and_o foot_n for_o in_o other_o thing_n it_o rather_o resemble_v a_o duck._n from_o the_o bill_n to_o the_o end_n of_o the_o tail_n it_o be_v a_o span_n and_o half_a long_a and_o because_o it_o have_v abundance_n of_o feather_n it_o seem_v to_o be_v corpulent_a whereas_o the_o matter_n be_v nothing_o so_o the_o bill_n be_v of_o a_o moderate_a both_o length_n and_o thickness_n of_o a_o horn_n colour_n on_o the_o side_n of_o the_o mandible_n red_a at_o the_o tip_n which_o be_v hook_v black_a the_o eye_n little_a for_o the_o most_o part_n red_a encompass_v with_o a_o white_a circle_n the_o head_n which_o be_v something_o less_o than_o in_o gull_n together_o with_o the_o neck_n breast_n belly_n thigh_n and_o rump_n be_v variegated_a with_o white_a and_o dusky_n brown_a spot_n with_o a_o mixture_n of_o bay_n and_o yellow_a the_o wing_n be_v black_a the_o end_n of_o the_o feather_n be_v yellowish_a the_o great_a feather_n of_o the_o tail_n be_v also_o black_a the_o leg_n and_o shank_n greenish_a the_o foot_n and_o membrane_n connect_v the_o toe_n dusky_a this_o bird_n be_v as_o yet_o to_o we_o unknown_a and_o therefore_o we_o have_v no_o more_o to_o add_v concern_v it_o what_o the_o ancient_n have_v leave_v we_o concern_v the_o cepphus_n see_v in_o aldrovand_n turner_n think_v that_o bird_n which_o we_o call_v the_o pewit_n to_o be_v the_o cepphus_n of_o the_o ancient_n as_o we_o have_v already_o tell_v the_o reader_n §._o viii_o the_o brown_a tern_n larus_n cinereus_fw-la minor_fw-la aldrov_n call_v by_o baltner_n ein_fw-mi kessler_n it_o be_v about_o half_a so_o big_a as_o bellonius_fw-la his_o ash-coloured_a mew_n for_o it_o scarce_o exceed_v a_o span_n in_o length_n on_o the_o back_n and_o wing_n it_o be_v of_o a_o ash-colour_n but_o far_o deep_a than_o in_o that_o incline_v to_o a_o blue_a the_o quil-feather_n of_o the_o wing_n be_v on_o the_o outside_n cinereous_a but_o on_o the_o inside_n black_a on_o both_o side_n at_o extremity_n the_o end_v white_a the_o bill_n be_v slender_a or_o small_a for_o the_o proportion_n of_o the_o body_n a_o little_a bend_n and_o black_a the_o crown_n of_o the_o head_n towards_o the_o hind-part_n black_a the_o foot_n leg_n and_o membrane_n unite_n the_o toe_n of_o a_o saffron-colour_n the_o claw_n black_a all_o the_o other_o part_n pure_o white_a this_o be_v the_o bird_n which_o leon._n baltner_n describe_v and_o paint_v under_o the_o title_n of_o ein_fw-mi kessler_n of_o the_o bigness_n of_o a_o blackbird_n with_o long_a wing_n short_a leg_n a_o small_a head_n and_o black_a for_o the_o most_o part_n the_o back_n and_o quill_n of_o the_o wing_n brown_a the_o covert-feather_n cinereous_a yellow_a or_o saffron-coloured_n foot_n a_o black_a sharp_a bill_n moderate_o bend_v it_o fly_v up_o and_o down_o continual_o over_o the_o water_n in_o pursuit_n of_o gnat_n and_o other_o water-insects_a it_o feed_v also_o upon_o fish_n this_o be_v also_o the_o brown_a tern_n of_o mr._n johnson_n if_o i_o be_v not_o mistake_v who_o underside_n be_v all_o white_a the_o upper_a brown_a the_o wing_n partly_o brown_a partly_o ash-coloured_a the_o head_n black_a the_o tail_n not_o fork_v the_o bird_n of_o this_o kind_n be_v gregarious_a fly_v in_o company_n §._o ix_o *_o marggraves_n brasilian_n gull_n call_v guaca-guacu_a gaviota_n of_o the_o portughese_n it_o be_v of_o the_o bigness_n of_o a_o common_a hen_n have_v a_o straight_a long_o thick_a yellow_a bill_n it_o be_v head_n above_o be_v cover_v with_o black_a feather_n as_o be_v also_o the_o hinder_a moiety_n of_o the_o wing_n and_o tail_n the_o throat_n whole_a neck_n breast_n and_o low_a belly_n and_o forepart_n of_o the_o wing_n be_v white_a it_o lay_v its_o egg_n in_o the_o sand_n which_o be_v like_a to_o a_o hen_n for_o sigure_n bigness_n and_o colour_n they_o be_v indeed_o well_o taste_v but_o the_o flesh_n of_o the_o bird_n be_v nothing_o worth_a chap._n iii_o the_o lesser_a gull_n with_o fork_a tail_n §._o i._o the_o sea-swallow_n hirundo_fw-la marina_fw-la sterna_fw-la of_o turner_n speurer_n of_o baltner_n the_o weight_n of_o this_o bird_n be_v near_o five_o ounce_n its_o length_n from_o bill_n to_o tail_n six_o teen_n inch_n its_o breadth_n from_o wing_n end_v to_o wing_n end_v thirty_o two_o inch_n it_o be_v a_o small_a bird_n slender_a and_o long-bodied_n have_v a_o fork_a tail_n whence_o it_o get_v the_o name_n of_o a_o swallow_n a_o black_a crown_n the_o black_a be_v terminate_v by_o a_o line_n draw_v from_o the_o nostril_n through_o the_o eye_n to_o the_o neck_n so_o that_o above_o the_o eye_n the_o head_n be_v black_a under_o the_o eye_n white_a the_o cheek_n chin_n low_a belly_n underside_n of_o the_o wing_n be_v all_o white_a the_o breast_n have_v something_o of_o cinereous_a mingle_v the_o rump_n be_v white_a the_o back_n and_o upper_a side_n of_o the_o wing_n be_v of_o a_o dark_a ash-colour_n each_o wing_n have_v twenty_o nine_o quill_n the_o outmost_a ten_o whereof_o have_v their_o outer_a web_n run_v out_o into_o sharp_a point_n the_o rest_n their_o inner_a the_o exterior_a web_n of_o the_o first_o or_o outmost_a feather_n be_v black_a the_o shaft_n white_a and_o of_o a_o notable_a thickness_n the_o tip_n of_o the_o follow_v till_o the_o ten_o and_o the_o inside_n of_o all_o white_a and_o moreover_o half_a the_o interior_a web_n of_o the_o four_o or_o five_o foremost_a the_o tail_n be_v compose_v of_o twelve_o feather_n the_o outmost_a be_v half_a a_o foot_n long_o and_o better_a and_o have_v their_o exterior_a web_n from_o cinereous_a incline_n to_o black_a the_o two_o middlemost_a scarce_a three_o inch_n long_o and_o white_a the_o rest_n have_v their_o outer_a web_n cinereous_a their_o inner_a white_a it_o be_v bill_n be_v long_o almost_o straight_o black_a at_o the_o tip_n else_o red_a it_o be_v mouth_n be_v red_a within_o its_o tongue_n sharp_a its_o leg_n red_a the_o back-toe_n small_a the_o fore-toe_n webed_n together_o as_o far_o as_o the_o very_a claw_n the_o craw_n be_v large_a out_o of_o which_o we_o take_v a_o gudgeon_n the_o gizzard_n full_a of_o fish-bone_n the_o gut_n twenty_o inch_n long_o the_o blind_a gut_n very_o short_a these_o bird_n flock_v together_o and_o build_v and_o breed_v on_o island_n uninhabited_a near_o to_o the_o seashore_n many_o together_o in_o the_o same_o quarter_n in_o the_o island_n of_o caldey_n adjacent_a to_o the_o southern_a shore_n of_o wales_n they_o call_v they_o spur_n a_o name_n as_o appear_v by_o baltner_n common_a to_o they_o with_o the_o german_n about_o strasburgh_n and_o that_o little_a islet_n where_o they_o build_v spur_v island_n in_o other_o place_n of_o england_n they_o be_v call_v scray_v a_o name_n i_o conceive_v frame_v in_o imitation_n of_o their_o cry_n for_o they_o be_v extraordinary_o clamorous_a in_o the_o northern_a part_n they_o call_v they_o tern_n whence_o turner_n call_v they_o in_o latin_a sternae_fw-la because_o they_o frequent_a lake_n and_o great_a pool_n of_o water_n which_o in_o the_o north_n of_o england_n be_v call_v tarns_n they_o lay_v three_o or_o four_o egg_n either_o upon_o the_o bare_a ground_n or_o in_o a_o nest_n make_v of_o reed_n their_o egg_n be_v like_o the_o great_a gull_n egg_n though_o much_o less_o the_o young_a be_v also_o spot_v with_o black_a like_o they_o they_o fly_v up_o and_o down_o over_o the_o water_n intent_n upon_o their_o prey_n and_o when_o they_o espy_v a_o fish_n they_o 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pleasant_a colour_n render_v this_o bird_n very_o elegant_a and_o beautiful_a to_o behold_v it_o be_v not_o altogether_o whole-footed_n like_o a_o duck_n yet_o the_o three_o fore-toe_n be_v join_v together_o halfway_n by_o a_o tough_a membrane_n the_o back-toe_n or_o keel_n be_v pretty_a long_o and_o arm_v with_o a_o strong_a talon_n these_o bird_n frequent_a fen_n lake_n and_o seashore_n into_o these_o water_n they_o run_v intent_n upon_o their_o prey_n sometime_o also_o dive_v under_o water_n maintain_v themselves_o by_o fish_v as_o i_o be_o assure_v by_o our_o fowler_n upon_o their_o credit_n this_o bird_n be_v not_o very_o frequent_a at_o rome_n yet_o be_v it_o sometime_o expose_v to_o sale_n among_o other_o seafowl_n it_o be_v flesh_n have_v such_o a_o fishy_a taste_n and_o stench_n that_o be_v throw_v to_o our_o cat_n she_o refuse_v it_o and_o will_v not_o touch_v it_o he_o endeavour_v to_o prove_v this_o bird_n to_o be_v the_o mergus_n of_o ovid._n see_v the_o author_n all_o stork_n make_v a_o clatter_a or_o snap_v noise_n with_o their_o bill_n by_o clap_v one_o mandible_a nimble_o against_o the_o other_o they_o be_v say_v to_o live_v only_o in_o republic_n and_o free-state_n but_o this_o we_o find_v by_o experience_n to_o be_v false_a observe_v they_o in_o the_o territory_n of_o some_o prince_n in_o germany_n there_o be_v a_o tradition_n also_o that_o they_o feed_v and_o nourish_v their_o parent_n in_o their_o old_a age_n when_o they_o be_v unable_a to_o seek_v their_o own_o food_n whence_o the_o word_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d signify_v the_o duty_n of_o child_n in_o requite_v and_o maintain_v their_o age_a parent_n §._o iii_o *_o the_o american_n stork_n call_v by_o the_o brasilian_n maguari_n of_o marggrave_n it_o be_v a_o bird_n like_o to_o the_o stork_n in_o figure_n and_o bigness_n and_o partly_o also_o in_o colour_n it_o have_v a_o neck_n a_o foot_n long_o a_o straight_a sharp_a bill_n of_o nine_o inch_n length_n long_o naked_a leg_n like_o the_o stork_n a_o short_a tail_n reach_v no_o further_a than_o the_o wing_n it_o be_v bill_n at_o botom_n half_a way_n up_o be_v of_o a_o yellowish_a green_a the_o other_o half_o be_v of_o a_o bluish_a ash-colour_n it_o have_v small_a silver-coloured_n eye_n with_o a_o black_a pupil_n and_o about_o they_o a_o vermilion-coloured_n skin_n and_o the_o like_a also_o below_o near_o the_o rise_n of_o the_o bill_n or_o between_o the_o bill_n and_o the_o throat_n which_o when_o she_o be_v angry_a she_o let_v hang_v down_o under_o the_o throat_n after_o the_o manner_n of_o the_o senembi_n the_o whole_a head_n neck_n and_o all_o the_o body_n be_v cover_v with_o pure_a white_a feather_n and_o on_o the_o low_a part_n of_o the_o neck_n those_o white_a feafeather_n be_v of_o a_o good_a length_n the_o tail_n also_o be_v white_a but_o above_o cover_v with_o certain_a black_a feather_n the_o wing_n at_o set_v on_o be_v cover_v with_o white_a feather_n but_o near_o the_o back_n with_o black_a which_o black_a have_v a_o gloss_n of_o green_a it_o leg_n and_o foot_n be_v red_a and_o like_o a_o stork_n it_o snap_v also_o with_o its_o bill_n like_o our_o country_n stork_n it_o be_v flesh_n be_v esculent_n chap._n iii_o *_o the_o ibis_n of_o bellonius_fw-la former_o say_v he_o we_o take_v the_o black_a ibis_n to_o be_v the_o haematopus_n but_o observe_v its_o manner_n and_o condition_n we_o find_v it_o not_o to_o be_v the_o haematopus_n but_o the_o black_a ibis_n which_o herodotus_n first_o mention_v and_o after_o he_o aristotle_n it_o be_v of_o the_o bulk_n of_o the_o eloritis_fw-la curlew_n or_o a_o little_a less_o all_o over_o black_a have_v the_o head_n of_o a_o cormorant_n the_o bill_n where_o it_o be_v join_v to_o the_o head_n be_v above_o a_o inch_n thick_a but_o point_v towards_o the_o end_n and_o a_o little_a crooked_a and_o arch_a and_o whole_o red_a as_o be_v also_o the_o leg_n which_o be_v long_o like_o the_o leg_n of_o that_o bird_n which_o pliny_n call_v bos_n taurus_fw-la 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be_v bare_a which_o perchance_o be_v peculiar_a and_o proper_a to_o this_o bird._n the_o first_o quil-feather_n of_o the_o wing_n be_v black_a of_o the_o second_o only_o the_o exterior_a web_n or_o outer_a half_n from_o the_o shaft_n and_o the_o tip_n of_o the_o interior_a be_v black_a of_o the_o three_o only_o the_o top_n and_o of_o the_o four_o yet_o less_o in_o like_a manner_n the_o tip_n and_o shaft_n of_o the_o inferior_a feather_n of_o the_o second_o row_n be_v black_a the_o tail_n be_v very_o short_a viz._n three_o inch_n and_o a_o half_a make_v up_o of_o twelve_o feather_n the_o bill_n be_v of_o a_o singular_a and_o unusual_a figure_n plain_a depress_v and_o broad_a near_o the_o end_n dilate_v into_o a_o almost_o circular_a figure_n of_o the_o likeness_n of_o a_o spoon_n whence_o also_o the_o bird_n itself_o be_v call_v by_o the_o low_a dutch_a lepelaer_n that_o be_v spoon-bill_n the_o broad_a part_n of_o the_o bill_n be_v grave_v with_o twelve_o or_o fourteen_o line_n or_o 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and_o uneven_a with_o many_o papillary_a glandule_n its_o egg_n be_v of_o the_o bigness_n of_o hen_n egg_n white_a and_o powder_v with_o a_o few_o sanguine_a or_o pale-red_n spot_n in_o a_o certain_a grove_n at_o a_o village_n call_v sevenhuys_n not_o far_o from_o leyden_n in_o holland_n they_o build_v and_o breed_v yearly_a in_o great_a number_n on_o the_o top_n of_o high_a tree_n where_o also_o build_v heron_n night-raven_n shag_n cormorant_n etc._n etc._n in_o this_o grove_n every_o sort_n of_o bird_n as_o they_o tell_v we_o have_v its_o several_a quarter_n where_o they_o build_v all_o together_o when_o the_o young_a one_o be_v ripe_a those_o that_o farm_n the_o grove_n with_o a_o hook_n on_o the_o top_n of_o a_o long_a pole_n catch_v hold_n of_o the_o bough_n