colony_n whereby_o they_o may_v enjoy_v it_o more_o secure_a but_o suppose_v the_o athenian_n themselves_o be_v not_o acquaint_v with_o these_o part_n yet_o the_o phoceans_n be_v of_o their_o colony_n very_o probable_a be_v incline_v to_o the_o same_o form_n of_o government_n and_o do_v retain_v in_o general_a many_o of_o their_o custom_n though_o they_o differ_v in_o some_o circumstance_n wherefore_o it_o be_v hope_v that_o this_o present_a account_n may_v not_o altogether_o prove_v ineffectual_a especial_o to_o those_o who_o education_n or_o business_n have_v not_o give_v they_o full_a opportunity_n of_o be_v acquaint_v with_o the_o custom_n of_o the_o athenian_n after_o all_o these_o several_a defeat_n the_o athenian_n grow_v so_o proud_a and_o conceit_a with_o the_o strange_a notion_n of_o their_o own_o merit_n that_o now_o every_o private_a citizen_n look_v upon_o himself_o able_a enough_o to_o be_v a_o statesman_n and_o nothing_o but_o democracy_n will_v please_v their_o palate_n as_o if_o themistocles_n have_v manage_v the_o war_n against_o the_o persian_a not_o so_o much_o by_o his_o own_o cunning_a as_o by_o the_o direction_n of_o the_o athenian_a commonalty_n now_o they_o begin_v to_o oppress_v and_o insolent_o lord_n it_o over_o their_o ally_n now_o it_o be_v that_o we_o hear_v no_o man_n virtue_n or_o innocency_n be_v sheild_v strong_a enough_o against_o the_o malicious_a dart_n of_o a_o envious_a tongue_n the_o people_n condemn_v rather_o by_o report_n or_o event_n than_o by_o a_o just_a enquiry_n and_o search_n into_o the_o matter_n this_o make_v alcibiades_n when_o he_o be_v command_v to_o return_v from_o sicily_n and_o answer_v for_o his_o life_n at_o home_n refuse_v to_o go_v as_o a_o thing_n very_o dangerous_a and_o uncertain_a for_o be_v ask_v will_v thou_o not_o trust_v thy_o country_n which_o beget_v thou_o to_o be_v thy_o judge_n no_o not_o her_o say_v he_o that_o bring_v i_o forth_o lest_o she_o not_o receive_v the_o truth_n mistake_v the_o black_a for_o the_o white_a stone_n the_o greek_n former_o condemn_v by_o black_a stone_n and_o absolve_v by_o white_a but_o these_o two_o thing_n viz._n pride_n towards_o their_o confederate_n and_o a_o over_o hasty_a condemnation_n of_o their_o best_a captain_n in_o the_o end_n prove_v their_o ruin_n the_o one_o weaken_v their_o army_n the_o other_o alienate_v the_o affection_n of_o their_o friend_n the_o lacedaemonian_n who_o have_v long_o lie_v still_o but_o ever_o jealous_a of_o the_o aspire_a greatness_n of_o the_o athenian_n and_o consequent_o watchful_a in_o take_v all_o advantage_n of_o they_o at_o last_o enter_v into_o the_o war_n which_o be_v call_v the_o peloponnesian_n it_o be_v fight_v a_o long_a while_n between_o they_o with_o various_a success_n but_o at_o last_o the_o athenian_n through_o the_o sudden_a and_o frequent_a revolt_n of_o their_o ally_n the_o banishment_n of_o the_o old_a and_o neglect_v and_o inadvertency_n of_o the_o new_a captain_n be_v total_o beat_v at_o the_o battle_n of_o aegos_n potamos_n by_o the_o fortunate_a conduct_n of_o lysander_n and_o be_v at_o last_o force_v to_o submit_v to_o these_o condition_n that_o the_o long_a wall_n lead_v from_o the_o town_n to_o the_o port_n shall_v be_v throw_v down_o that_o all_o the_o city_n subject_n to_o that_o state_n shall_v be_v set_v at_o liberty_n that_o the_o athenian_n world_n shall_v be_v lord_n only_o of_o their_o own_o territory_n and_o the_o field_n adjoin_v to_o their_o town_n that_o they_o shall_v keep_v no_o more_o than_o twelve_o ship_n that_o they_o shall_v hold_v as_o friend_n or_o enemy_n the_o same_o who_o the_o lacedaemonian_n do_v and_o follow_v the_o lacedaemonian_n as_o leader_n in_o the_o war_n after_o this_o athens_n be_v govern_v by_o thirty_o tyrant_n who_o under_o the_o notion_n of_o compile_v a_o body_n of_o law_n and_o govern_v the_o people_n according_o soon_o abuse_v their_o authority_n to_o the_o grievance_n of_o that_o city_n which_o at_o first_o they_o have_v govern_v with_o great_a moderation_n and_o to_o the_o good_a like_n of_o the_o people_n but_o afterward_o they_o condemn_v any_o citizen_n if_o by_o they_o suspect_v as_o they_o have_v former_o do_v the_o lewd_a and_o worst_a without_o due_a trial_n or_o legal_a proceed_n from_o which_o tyranny_n they_o be_v deliver_v by_o thrasibulus_n and_o his_o party_n after_o which_o they_o continue_v free_a till_o the_o death_n of_o alexander_n who_o be_v the_o first_o attic_a legislator_n be_v very_o much_o doubt_v among_o the_o best_a author_n i_o ever_o converse_v with_o some_o make_v solon_n the_o chief_a founder_n of_o their_o 2._o law_n other_o have_v give_v that_o honour_n to_o theseus_n from_o a_o passage_n in_o plutarch_n where_o he_o say_v that_o after_o theseus_n have_v gather_v together_o the_o disperse_a people_n of_o attica_n and_o settle_v a_o democracy_n he_o receive_v to_o himself_o only_o the_o chief_a command_n in_o war_n and_o the_o custody_n and_o preservation_n of_o the_o law_n which_o in_o my_o mind_n rather_o intimate_v that_o they_o have_v law_n among_o they_o in_o force_n before_o this_o their_o incorporation_n of_o which_o he_o desire_v the_o keep_n for_o if_o he_o be_v their_o first_o legislator_n and_o his_o law_n easy_a reasonable_a and_o just_a who_o can_v it_o be_v suppose_v the_o people_n can_v better_o entrust_v with_o their_o law_n than_o their_o king_n who_o be_v most_o able_a to_o see_v they_o put_v in_o execution_n and_o will_v be_v sure_a to_o keep_v they_o most_o free_a from_o corruption_n and_o alteration_n every_o change_n unless_o upon_o mature_a deliberation_n imply_v impotency_n and_o weakness_n at_o first_o in_o the_o author_n triptolemus_n who_o teach_v they_o first_o to_o till_o and_o sow_v land_n be_v the_o first_o that_o deliver_v law_n unto_o they_o porphyry_n lib._n 4._o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d it_o be_v say_v he_o affirm_v 2._o that_o the_o most_o ancient_a of_o the_o attic_a legislator_n be_v triptolemus_n and_o hermippus_n in_o his_o second_o book_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d they_o say_v that_o triptolemus_n give_v law_n to_o the_o athenian_n and_o xenocrates_n the_o philosopher_n write_v that_o there_o remain_v in_o the_o eleusine_n temple_n three_o of_o his_o law_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d that_o parent_n be_v to_o honour_a 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d that_o the_o god_n be_v to_o be_v worship_v with_o the_o fruit_n of_o the_o earth_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d that_o flesh_n be_v not_o to_o be_v eat_v before_o solon_n draco_n give_v law_n to_o the_o athenian_n but_o he_o be_v too_o much_o above_o humanity_n to_o be_v a_o good_a lawgiver_n not_o consider_v in_o the_o least_o the_o frailty_n of_o humane_a nature_n for_o he_o punish_v with_o death_n almost_o every_o peccadillo_n or_o little_a slip_n prosecute_a he_o that_o have_v steal_v a_o pin_n or_o any_o inconsiderable_a trifle_n with_o as_o great_a rigour_n as_o he_o will_v have_v do_v a_o murderer_n and_o aristotle_n say_v they_o ought_v to_o be_v remember_v for_o nothing_o but_o their_o severity_n but_o the_o athenian_a law_n be_v never_o exact_a and_o complete_a till_o solon_n time_n who_o abrogate_a what_o old_a law_n he_o think_v inconvenient_a and_o useless_a and_o add_v what_o new_a one_o he_o think_v necessary_a most_o of_o which_o he_o bring_v out_o of_o egypt_n make_v so_o excellent_a a_o composure_n that_o athens_n for_o many_o year_n be_v happy_o govern_v by_o they_o and_o afterward_o they_o become_v the_o ground_n of_o the_o roman_a government_n these_o law_n of_o athens_n be_v engrave_v in_o wood_n and_o keep_v in_o the_o acropolis_n translate_v afterward_o to_o the_o council_n prytaneum_n by_o ephialtes_n beside_o there_o be_v decree_n establish_v by_o the_o senate_n to_o which_o the_o consent_n of_o the_o people_n be_v not_o require_v these_o be_v in_o force_n but_o for_o a_o year_n only_o but_o those_o decree_n to_o the_o ratisy_a and_o confirm_v of_o which_o the_o people_n vote_n be_v necessary_a remain_v firm_a for_o a_o long_a time_n before_o any_o decree_n come_v out_o the_o senate_n sit_v in_o consultation_n to_o weigh_v and_o consider_v of_o the_o advantage_n and_o disadvantage_n it_o may_v bring_v upon_o the_o state_n than_o the_o prytany_n write_v upon_o certain_a table_n on_o such_o a_o day_n and_o about_o such_o a_o time_n will_v be_v a_o assembly_n to_o consult_v of_o these_o and_o these_o affair_n the_o people_n be_v gather_v together_o and_o purify_v the_o decree_n be_v read_v which_o if_o approve_v by_o the_o people_n be_v confirm_v if_o otherwise_o of_o no_o force_n but_o least_o through_o variety_n of_o circumstance_n and_o in_o length_n of_o time_n inconvenience_n may_v arise_v which_o at_o the_o make_n of_o they_o can_v not_o be_v fore-seen_a they_o appoint_v a_o day_n of_o examination_n and_o inspection_n into_o their_o law_n which_o be_v on_o the_o eleven_o of_o july_n
and_o twenty_o year_n and_o the_o plague_n ensue_v upon_o it_o as_o it_o smell_v answer_v too_o much_o of_o the_o cabbalistical_a number_n seven_o to_o be_v true_a and_o to_o be_v believe_v concern_v any_o nation_n so_o be_v there_o not_o the_o least_o appearance_n of_o any_o likelihood_n in_o it_o relate_v to_o britain_n the_o plague_n have_v always_o be_v observe_v more_o to_o be_v bring_v into_o this_o island_n than_o breed_v in_o it_o and_o the_o contagion_n have_v be_v keep_v up_o by_o the_o crowd_n of_o people_n rather_o than_o the_o malignity_n of_o the_o air._n tacitus_n among_o the_o rest_n of_o his_o observation_n upon_o the_o britain_n say_v tacitus_n that_o they_o general_o live_v to_o a_o great_a age_n which_o he_o attribute_n especial_o to_o the_o air_n and_o climate_n of_o the_o country_n and_o perhaps_o the_o same_o remark_n may_v be_v make_v of_o the_o present_a inhabitant_n but_o certain_o if_o they_o be_v not_o so_o healthy_a as_o former_o it_o be_v not_o the_o fault_n of_o the_o country_n but_o the_o difference_n of_o time_n the_o luxury_n of_o the_o people_n the_o trade_n of_o other_o nation_n crowd_v their_o person_n and_o interest_n together_o and_o bring_v oftentimes_o the_o infection_n as_o well_o as_o commodity_n of_o other_o country_n general_o the_o soil_n of_o this_o country_n be_v very_o fertile_a abundant_o water_v throughout_o with_o spring_n and_o small_a rivulet_n adorn_v with_o pleasant_a and_o fruitful_a valley_n easy_a and_o gentle_a hill_n nay_o the_o ground_n which_o lie_v waste_v in_o england_n and_o neglect_v by_o the_o judgement_n of_o some_o far_a exceed_v the_o soil_n of_o many_o province_n on_o the_o continent_n what_o opinion_n the_o roman_n have_v of_o it_o may_v be_v gather_v out_o of_o the_o word_n of_o a_o orator_n to_o constantius_n the_o father_n of_o constantine_n it_o be_v no_o small_a damage_n say_v he_o to_o the_o commonwealth_n to_o loose_v the_o very_a bare_a name_n of_o britain_n to_o forego_v a_o land_n so_o plentiful_a in_o corn_n so_o rich_a in_o pasture_n so_o full_a of_o mine_n and_o vein_n of_o metal_n so_o accommodate_v with_o havens_n and_o for_o circuit_n so_o large_a and_o spacious_a and_o as_o these_o thing_n relate_v more_o particular_o to_o the_o southern_a part_n of_o this_o island_n viz._n britannia_n major_n in_o which_o the_o roman_n be_v most_o conversant_a so_o we_o may_v reckon_v the_o great_a price_n and_o value_n they_o put_v upon_o it_o by_o their_o care_n and_o diligence_n defend_v it_o fence_v it_o in_o like_o a_o precious_a garden-plot_n with_o a_o wall_n of_o eighty_o mile_n in_o length_n from_o tinmouth_n on_o the_o german_a sea_n to_o solway-frith_n on_o the_o irish_a sea_n lest_o the_o caledonian_n boar_n as_o one_o call_v they_o may_v root_v it_o up_o the_o saxon_n who_o follow_v they_o do_v not_o think_v this_o sufficient_a till_o they_o have_v secure_v it_o from_o the_o cambro-britain_n fox_n and_o that_o with_o a_o ditch_n of_o ninety_o mile_n in_o length_n the_o norman_n who_o have_v forsake_v france_n to_o take_v possession_n of_o it_o have_v not_o less_o thought_n of_o it_o as_o may_v appear_v in_o their_o doomsday-book_n viz._n the_o black_a book_n of_o the_o exchequer_n wherein_o it_o be_v call_v a_o paradise_n of_o pleasure_n and_o if_o we_o add_v to_o this_o the_o judgement_n of_o the_o phoenician_n and_o grecian_n we_o may_v see_v that_o in_o all_o age_n the_o possession_n of_o it_o do_v high_o esteem_v and_o commend_v it_o it_o will_v be_v endless_a to_o speak_v of_o all_o thing_n particular_o which_o the_o whole_a island_n plentiful_o produce_v insomuch_o that_o as_o it_o be_v separate_v from_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o world_n so_o it_o bring_v forth_o all_o thing_n sufficient_a for_o the_o life_n of_o man_n and_o if_o i_o shall_v here_o reckon_v up_o all_o the_o sort_n of_o grain_n it_o bear_v the_o abundance_n of_o cattle_n their_o several_a kind_n and_o use_n the_o plenty_n and_o variety_n of_o fish_n fowl_n fruit_n root_n etc._n etc._n i_o shall_v seem_v to_o stranger_n rather_o to_o number_v the_o work_n of_o nature_n than_o set_v forth_o the_o plenty_n of_o a_o island_n as_o it_o afford_v all_o food_n necessary_a so_o it_o yield_v to_o the_o inhabitant_n raiment_n also_o as_o likewise_o all_o material_n for_o architecture_n fire_v the_o necessary_n of_o war_n and_o all_o conveniency_n that_o serve_v for_o profit_n or_o recreation_n it_o produce_v a_o great_a quantity_n of_o tynn_n lead_v and_o iron_n it_o want_v not_o silver_n mine_n likewise_o brass_n and_o copper_n it_o have_v quicksilver_n antimony_n sulphur_n black-lead_a orpiment_n red_a and_o yellow_a allom_n the_o natural_a cinnabarum_n or_o vermillion_n bitumen_n chrysocolla_n coperas_fw-la the_o mineral_n stone_n whereof_o petreolum_n be_v make_v cole_n salt-peter_n salt-soda_a and_o as_o if_o this_o be_v not_o sufficient_a like_o a_o kind_a mother_n it_o yield_v physic_n to_o the_o inhabitant_n it_o have_v many_o medicinal_a spring_n in_o it_o of_o great_a use_n and_o benefit_n hot_a bath_n for_o the_o ease_n of_o maim_n bruise_n inward_a ache_n and_o pain_n add_v to_o this_o the_o number_n and_o conveniency_n of_o its_o port_n and_o havens_n and_o the_o most_o ecellent_a admetus_n vantage_n it_o have_v from_o all_o part_n of_o the_o world_n to_o take_v in_o trade_n and_o merchandise_n and_o we_o may_v safe_o conclude_v there_o be_v not_o any_o one_o kingdom_n in_o the_o world_n that_o can_v be_v compare_v with_o it_o no_o wonder_n therefore_o that_o it_o have_v be_v possess_v by_o several_a nation_n and_o covet_v by_o many_o more_o be_v a_o country_n as_o one_o say_v of_o it_o like_o the_o tree_n in_o paradise_n good_a for_o food_n pleasant_a to_o the_o eye_n and_o to_o be_v desire_v and_o whereas_o some_o country_n be_v still_o hold_v by_o their_o aborigines_n none_o think_v it_o worth_a the_o while_n to_o dispossess_v they_o it_o be_v hard_a to_o find_v out_o the_o first_o inhabitant_n of_o this_o island_n than_o to_o number_v up_o the_o general_a vicissitude_n and_o change_n it_o have_v undergo_v chap._n ii_o the_o first_o inhabitant_n of_o britain_n it_o be_v in_o great_a kingdom_n as_o in_o mighty_a river_n the_o high_a we_o trace_v their_o original_a the_o more_o we_o be_v to_o seek_v from_o whence_o their_o principal_a head_n and_o scource_n do_v proceed_v and_o as_o object_n by_o distance_n be_v contract_v till_o they_o scarce_o become_v visible_a to_o the_o eye_n and_o those_o thing_n by_o far_a removal_n off_o seem_v to_o be_v in_o one_o lump_n which_o in_o themselves_o be_v real_o separate_v so_o it_o happen_v that_o among_o many_o pretender_n to_o the_o first_o plantation_n of_o a_o country_n it_o be_v hard_o to_o discern_v to_o which_o the_o priority_n be_v to_o be_v give_v and_o the_o map_n of_o the_o ancient_a world_n by_o time_n be_v reduce_v to_o so_o small_a a_o compass_n that_o the_o many_o colony_n like_o little_a rivulet_n seem_v to_o meet_v in_o one_o point_n and_o have_v so_o darken_v and_o obscure_v the_o line_n and_o trace_n of_o antiquity_n that_o of_o necessity_n recourse_n must_v be_v make_v to_o probable_a opinion_n and_o conjecture_n those_o artificial_a glass_n by_o which_o the_o footstep_n of_o time_n be_v lay_v more_o wide_a and_o open_a in_o the_o inquire_v out_o the_o first_o inhabitant_n of_o this_o island_n i_o do_v not_o intend_v to_o build_v any_o thing_n upon_o the_o british_a history_n but_o will_v altogether_o wave_v they_o in_o this_o place_n neither_o rely_v on_o their_o authority_n nor_o question_v their_o truth_n in_o which_o proceed_v i_o hope_v i_o shall_v not_o incur_v the_o displeasure_n of_o any_o see_v i_o shall_v put_v they_o in_o a_o treatise_n particular_o by_o themselves_o neither_o will_v any_o one_o i_o hope_v be_v offend_v if_o contrary_a to_o the_o judgement_n of_o some_o i_o can_v suppose_v this_o island_n to_o be_v people_v so_o soon_o as_o it_o be_v usual_o imagine_v and_o i_o think_v to_o the_o true_a state_v of_o this_o matter_n some_o remark_n and_o observation_n will_v not_o be_v amiss_o touch_v the_o increase_n of_o mankind_n in_o the_o primitive_a age_n of_o the_o world_n nor_o do_v i_o take_v it_o to_o be_v beside_o my_o purpose_n to_o make_v some_o reflection_n on_o the_o slow_a motion_n and_o progress_n of_o colony_n occasion_v by_o their_o ignorance_n of_o passage_n and_o the_o little_a knowledge_n they_o have_v of_o the_o conveniency_n of_o the_o country_n they_o arrive_v at_o all_o which_o they_o can_v never_o learn_v until_o they_o have_v tarry_v and_o make_v some_o experiment_n of_o they_o to_o which_o may_v be_v add_v many_o other_o circumstance_n as_o the_o want_n of_o necessary_n of_o travel_n and_o the_o small_a improvement_n of_o navigation_n as_o to_o long_a voyage_n by_o sea_n touch_v the_o great_a and_o extraordinary_a increase_n of_o mankind_n
river_n in_o gaulish_n rhedec_n swiftness_n in_o british_a from_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d to_o flow_v apace_o all_o which_o thing_n put_v together_o as_o they_o argue_v the_o greek_a to_o have_v bring_v many_o word_n both_o to_o the_o british_a and_o gaulish_n language_n so_o if_o we_o shall_v add_v these_o word_n with_o those_o that_o have_v be_v already_o show_v to_o be_v phoenician_n we_o shall_v find_v no_o ground_n to_o judge_v that_o the_o britain_n and_o gaul_n be_v the_o same_o people_n see_v that_o most_o of_o the_o word_n bring_v in_o by_o mr._n cambden_n to_o prove_v they_o so_o relate_v to_o public_a custom_n magistrate_n honour_n manner_n of_o war_n god_n arm_n art_n priest_n habit_n agriculture_n measure_n etc._n etc._n the_o use_n of_o all_o which_o as_o be_v manifest_a they_o do_v so_o may_v they_o receive_v the_o very_a name_n of_o they_o from_o some_o three_o nation_n and_o that_o they_o have_v they_o so_o some_o from_o the_o phoenician_n other_o from_o the_o greek_n as_o have_v be_v apparent_o show_v tacitus_n write_v that_o the_o people_n of_o the_o estii_n use_v the_o fashion_n and_o the_o habit_n of_o the_o tacitus_n suivians_n but_o in_o language_n come_v near_o to_o the_o britain_n now_o see_v there_o be_v people_n in_o gaul_n that_o differ_v from_o they_o both_o in_o language_n and_o habit_n in_o the_o first_o of_o which_o they_o agree_v with_o the_o britain_n in_o the_o latter_a with_o the_o suivians_n a_o people_n in_o germany_n i_o be_o apt_a to_o believe_v that_o these_o estii_n have_v something_o of_o german_a original_a by_o their_o habit_n and_o therefore_o that_o their_o agree_v with_o the_o britain_n in_o language_n that_o be_v as_o i_o judge_v both_o differ_v from_o the_o pure_a german_a or_o pure_a gaulish_n argue_v the_o british_a to_o be_v somewhat_o of_o a_o german_a race_n although_o mix_v with_o their_o neighbour_n the_o gaul_n that_o they_o have_v something_o of_o they_o it_o plain_o appear_v if_o we_o do_v but_o consider_v there_o be_v two_o sort_n of_o people_n in_o this_o island_n the_o maritime_a and_o inland_a the_o latter_a of_o which_o do_v pretend_v to_o be_v aborigines_n which_o they_o never_o will_v have_v have_v the_o confidence_n to_o have_v do_v have_v they_o be_v of_o the_o same_o language_n with_o the_o maritime_a gaulish_n britain_n or_o the_o gaul_n themselves_o beside_o in_o compare_v the_o old_a gaulish_a language_n and_o the_o british_a we_o shall_v always_o find_v the_o british_a to_o have_v something_o more_o of_o the_o teutonick_n even_o in_o those_o very_a word_n they_o receive_v from_o the_o greek_n and_o other_o this_o can_v spring_v from_o the_o saxon_n conquer_a they_o since_o the_o armorican_a britain_n who_o be_v long_o before_o in_o gaul_n ere_o the_o saxon_n be_v call_v to_o the_o britain_n to_o assist_v they_o retain_v the_o very_a same_o teutonick_n dialect_n a_o few_o example_n here_o will_v not_o be_v amiss_o g._n teutate_n b._n diw_o taith_o the_o god_n of_o travel_v g._n caterva_fw-la b._n caturfa_n a_o troop_n g._n covin_z b._n cowain_n a_o wagon_n g._n laina_n b._n glawn_n wool_n g._n petor_n british_a b._n pedwar_n four_n g._n betal_n b._n bedw_n a_o birch-tree_n g._n scovy_n b._n iscaw_n the_o elder-tree_n g._n gliscomaga_n b._n gluys_n marl_n white_a marvel_n whereby_o the_o w_n u_z y_z the_o peculiar_a character_n of_o the_o teutonick_n dialect_n so_o frequent_o be_v in_o use_n among_o the_o britain_n we_o may_v plain_o in_o my_o thought_n gather_v that_o they_o be_v original_o of_o a_o german_a original_a mr._n cambden_n to_o avoid_v the_o word_n of_o tacitus_n concern_v the_o estii_n a_o people_n of_o gaul_n who_o agree_v with_o the_o britain_n in_o language_n and_o the_o german_n in_o habit_n because_o this_o imply_v the_o britain_n to_o differ_v from_o the_o gaul_n in_o language_n see_v that_o the_o estii_n a_o people_n of_o gaul_n speak_v not_o the_o same_o language_n as_o the_o gaul_n but_o seem_v of_o a_o german_a race_n and_o so_o speak_v like_o the_o britain_n say_v that_o the_o language_n most_o remote_a in_o some_o part_n agree_v and_o give_v a_o example_n how_o busbequius_fw-la not_o long_o since_o ambassador_n from_o frederick_n the_o emperor_n to_o the_o turk_n find_v many_o dutch_a and_o english_a word_n in_o the_o taurica_n chersonesus_n by_o this_o mr._n cambden_n imply_v as_o if_o it_o be_v absurd_a to_o think_v they_o of_o taurica_n chersonesus_n and_o the_o dutch_a and_o english_a have_v any_o relation_n one_o with_o another_o but_o of_o this_o we_o shall_v have_v more_o occasion_n to_o treat_v in_o the_o saxon_a original_a wherein_o shall_v be_v prove_v they_o be_v of_o the_o same_o original_a both_o by_o their_o idiom_n way_n of_o number_v and_o several_a particular_a word_n that_o agree_v with_o the_o english_a and_o dutch_a and_o so_o must_v refer_v it_o to_o its_o proper_a place_n so_o that_o if_o according_a to_o mr._n cambden_v own_o word_n language_n most_o remote_a in_o some_o point_n agree_v it_o be_v no_o wonder_n if_o the_o british_a and_o gaulish_n have_v some_o similitude_n if_o we_o take_v away_o the_o word_n which_o be_v introduce_v into_o britain_n and_o gaul_n either_o by_o the_o phoentcian_n or_o greek_n or_o last_o of_o all_o by_o the_o roman_n possible_o no_o two_o language_n may_v be_v judge_v more_o remote_a than_o they_o be_v and_o then_o mr._n cambden_v large_a catalogue_n of_o word_n will_v be_v reduce_v to_o a_o small_a number_n indeed_o as_o for_o the_o primitive_a original_a of_o the_o britain_n i_o will_v not_o treat_v of_o any_o far_o in_o this_o place_n it_o be_v the_o concern_v of_o this_o chapter_n only_o to_o show_v that_o the_o greek_n be_v more_o ancient_a in_o these_o island_n than_o mr._n cambden_n suppose_v they_o to_o be_v for_o his_o derivation_n of_o britannia_n which_o have_v be_v show_v by_o their_o language_n and_o some_o particular_a custom_n herein_o mention_v all_o which_o can_v not_o be_v so_o full_o settle_v as_o they_o be_v in_o caesar_n day_n have_v not_o the_o druid_n be_v of_o long_a continuance_n in_o these_o part_n as_o will_n more_o evident_o appear_v when_o we_o come_v to_o treat_v of_o their_o custom_n and_o manner_n as_o likewise_o of_o their_o god_n religion_n rite_n and_o ceremony_n the_o antiquity_n and_o original_a of_o the_o greek_n greece_n in_o the_o present_a latitude_n thereof_o be_v bound_v on_o the_o east_n with_o the_o propontick_a hellespont_n and_o aegean_a sea_n on_o the_o west_n with_o the_o adriatic_a on_o the_o north_n with_o mount_n haemus_n which_o part_v it_o from_o bulgaria_n servia_n and_o some_o part_n of_o illyricum_n and_o on_o the_o south_n with_o the_o ionian_a sea_n but_o at_o first_o the_o name_n of_o greece_n be_v proper_a only_o to_o attica_n and_o athens_n the_o considerable_a place_n in_o attica_n be_v more_o remarkable_a and_o conspicuous_a above_o any_o part_n of_o greece_n in_o its_o present_a extent_n and_o for_o learning_n valour_n and_o navigation_n we_o shall_v confine_v the_o present_a discourse_n to_o the_o religion_n civil_a government_n and_o extraction_n of_o the_o athenian_n only_o who_o be_v suppose_v to_o have_v succeed_v the_o phoenician_n in_o the_o discovery_n of_o this_o island_n all_o relation_n concern_v the_o greek_n before_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o olympiad_n through_o length_n of_o time_n and_o a_o mixture_n of_o erroneous_a fable_n with_o truth_n be_v so_o obscure_a confuse_a and_o imperfect_a that_o they_o seem_v like_o inscription_n upon_o ancient_a coin_n half_o deface_v and_o eat_v out_o by_o time_n the_o sense_n and_o true_a meaning_n of_o the_o defective_a part_n be_v to_o be_v pick_v out_o and_o guess_v at_o from_o the_o remain_a character_n attica_n former_o be_v call_v jonia_n and_o the_o athenian_n by_o homer_n be_v call_v jaones_n which_o carry_v a_o great_a affinity_n and_o cognation_n with_o the_o word_n javan_n the_o four_o son_n of_o 392._o japhet_n by_o who_o greece_n be_v certain_o plant_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o all_o greece_n dan._n 8._o 21._o be_v call_v javan_n but_o the_o athenian_n lest_o the_o 21_o nearness_n and_o similitude_n of_o sound_n betwixt_o jaones_n and_o javan_n shall_v discover_v they_o to_o be_v upstart_n and_o of_o yesterday_o they_o pretend_v that_o their_o country_n be_v term_v jonia_n from_o one_o jon_n the_o son_n of_o xuthus_n son_n of_o deucalion_n make_v it_o pure_o a_o greek_a name_n and_o that_o they_o themselves_o be_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d aborigines_n be_v not_o content_a to_o spoil_v the_o egyptian_a in_o attribute_v to_o themselves_o the_o honour_n of_o invent_v all_o kind_n of_o science_n unless_o they_o can_v also_o rob_v they_o of_o the_o glory_n of_o antiquity_n in_o which_o they_o be_v ever_o know_v to_o pride_n and_o boast_n yet_o plato_n concern_v the_o greek_a letter_n say_v that_o the_o
africa_n even_o to_o carthage_n and_o the_o straits_n of_o gibraltar_n that_o egypt_n a_o place_n of_o great_a fertility_n without_o any_o question_n be_v much_o frequent_v by_o they_o we_o read_v in_o herodotus_n that_o the_o egyptian_n do_v make_v a_o sort_n of_o drink_n with_o barley_n and_o the_o invention_n of_o it_o be_v very_o ancient_a in_o that_o kingdom_n the_o particular_n thereof_o herodotus_n he_o describe_v now_o why_o may_v not_o this_o custom_n be_v think_v to_o come_v from_o they_o by_o the_o mean_n of_o the_o phoenician_n who_o find_v britain_n very_o fruitful_a in_o that_o grain_n and_o not_o inferior_a to_o egypt_n itself_o in_o the_o wonderful_a production_n of_o it_o for_o as_o egypt_n be_v esteem_v the_o granary_n of_o those_o part_n so_o be_v britain_n of_o these_o yea_o as_o orpheus_n call_v it_o the_o very_a orpheus_n seat_n of_o the_o lady_n ceres_n so_o that_o the_o usefulness_n of_o this_o invention_n of_o the_o egyptian_n who_o abound_v in_o corn_n be_v not_o less_o to_o the_o britain_n this_o drink_n which_o we_o call_v ale_n by_o the_o britain_n at_o this_o day_n be_v call_v kwrw_n by_o the_o gaul_n korma_n so_o athenaeus_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d which_o be_v correct_v by_o causabon_n out_o marcellus_n of_o manuscript_n as_o thus_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o by_o dioscorides_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d by_o marcellus_n curmi_n dioscorides_n name_v it_o not_o wrong_v see_v marcellus_n and_o athenaeus_n agree_v with_o he_o for_o although_o at_o this_o day_n the_o word_n be_v deprave_v into_o kwrw_n by_o our_o welch_a britain_n yet_o no_o doubt_n ancient_o and_o primitive_o it_o be_v call_v corma_n cormi_fw-la or_o curmi_n or_o else_o something_o like_o it_o by_o transpose_v of_o the_o r_o and_o m_o make_v comra_n for_o corma_n we_o have_v the_o very_a phoenician_n word_n of_o this_o liquor_n which_o the_o britain_n drink_v instead_o of_o wine_n if_o any_o shall_v say_v that_o chomra_n in_o the_o phoenician_n tongue_n signify_v wine_n and_o not_o ale_n let_v they_o consider_v that_o at_o this_o day_n we_o give_v that_o name_n of_o wine_n to_o drink_v not_o produce_v of_o the_o grape_n and_o see_v the_o britain_n use_v it_o instead_o of_o wine_n no_o doubt_n as_o bochartus_n say_v they_o give_v it_o the_o same_o appellation_n now_o see_v this_o custom_n be_v use_v only_o in_o britain_n and_o the_o part_n adjacent_a have_v bochartus_fw-la plenty_n of_o that_o grain_n and_o in_o respect_n we_o read_v of_o no_o other_o nation_n but_o the_o egyptian_a that_o use_v it_o since_o the_o phoenician_n be_v frequent_a in_o egypt_n and_o trade_a also_o into_o these_o island_n and_o more_o especial_o since_o the_o name_n of_o this_o rwrw_n or_o curmi_n be_v phoenician_n we_o have_v not_o the_o least_o cause_n to_o doubt_v of_o the_o original_n of_o this_o custom_n but_o that_o the_o britain_n receive_v it_o from_o this_o fountain_n pliny_n write_v of_o the_o britain_n that_o in_o some_o solemn_a feast_n and_o sacrifice_n they_o colour_v bist_fw-ge themselves_o like_a aethiopian_o all_o over_o their_o body_n be_v naked_a at_o the_o solemnity_n whence_o can_v the_o britain_n have_v this_o custom_n if_o not_o from_o the_o same_o original_a as_o in_o egypt_n so_o in_o britain_n as_o gildas_n say_v ugly_a spectre_n mere_o diabolical_a nay_o in_o the_o number_n of_o they_o britain_n as_o he_o report_v rather_o exceed_v egypt_n these_o they_o place_v upon_o their_o wall_n within_o and_o without_o and_o as_o they_o cut_v they_o in_o the_o same_o shape_n as_o the_o britain_n do_v so_o i_o suppose_v by_o the_o like_o place_v they_o they_o esteem_v they_o of_o a_o talismanicall_a nature_n to_o expel_v mischief_n and_o to_o defend_v their_o wall_n some_o of_o these_o representation_n be_v remain_v in_o the_o ruin_n of_o their_o city_n to_o gildas_n his_o day_n who_o describe_v they_o to_o have_v ugly_a lineament_n with_o stern_a and_o grim_a look_n after_o the_o manner_n of_o those_o of_o egypt_n perhaps_o they_o may_v be_v monkey_n or_o gildas_n baboon_n creature_n much_o worship_v in_o those_o country_n but_o of_o this_o i_o shall_v treat_v of_o more_o full_o in_o the_o chapter_n which_o concern_v the_o idolatry_n of_o the_o britain_n to_o the_o same_o original_a may_v be_v reduce_v the_o great_a opinion_n the_o britain_n have_v of_o the_o art_n magic_a which_o by_o a_o peculiar_a name_n be_v call_v the_o learning_n of_o the_o egyptians_n pliny_n say_v the_o britain_n be_v so_o whole_o devote_v to_o it_o and_o have_v such_o entire_a ceremony_n in_o the_o performance_n as_o a_o man_n will_v imagine_v that_o the_o persian_n learn_v all_o their_o bist_fw-ge magic_n from_o they_o which_o flourish_n of_o pliny_n i_o conjecture_v give_v occasion_n to_o annius_n viterbiensis_n in_o his_o seigned_a berosus_n to_o make_v magus_n a_o king_n of_o this_o island_n who_o teach_v viter_fw-la this_o art_n and_o spread_v it_o abroad_o in_o the_o world_n upon_o such_o slender_a foundation_n do_v confident_a man_n ground_n their_o own_o idle_a and_o ridiculous_a invention_n and_o these_o very_a custom_n the_o britain_n learn_v of_o the_o phoenician_n mr._n selden_n set_v down_o a_o british_a custom_n namely_o that_o when_o any_o great_a man_n die_v his_o relation_n make_v great_a enquiry_n of_o his_o wife_n if_o they_o suspect_v cause_n concern_v selden_n his_o death_n if_o they_o find_v they_o guilty_a with_o fire_n and_o other_o torment_n they_o proceed_v against_o they_o sr._n edward_n cook_n refer_v to_o this_o original_a the_o law_n of_o england_n for_o burn_a woman_n that_o kill_v their_o husband_n etc._n etc._n the_o britain_n as_o caesar_n report_v do_v not_o esteem_v it_o lawful_a to_o eat_v either_o hare_n hen_n or_o com._n goose_n but_o keep_v they_o for_o pleasure_n and_o their_o delicate_a diet_n as_o pliny_n say_v be_v the_o bist_fw-ge chenerote_n fowl_n less_o than_o wild_a goose_n which_o some_o have_v make_v to_o be_v braut_n or_o soland_n goose_n so_o that_o caesar_n and_o pliny_n do_v after_o this_o account_n disagree_v in_o their_o relation_n unless_o we_o believe_v that_o the_o britain_n have_v leave_v off_o this_o custom_n not_o long_o after_o the_o arrival_n of_o the_o roman_n into_o this_o island_n however_o this_o distinction_n of_o meat_n their_o make_v some_o lawful_a other_o unlawful_a some_o clean_a and_o other_o unclean_a mr._n selden_n say_v relish_v something_o of_o the_o jew_n and_o be_v rare_o observe_v in_o any_o but_o eastern_a nation_n as_o phoenicia_n egypt_n and_o syria_n etc._n etc._n with_o who_o the_o jew_n converse_v with_o the_o syrian_n the_o britain_n agree_v in_o that_o custom_n in_o not_o eat_v of_o fish_n but_o see_v this_o be_v by_o dio_n nicaeus_n only_o report_v of_o the_o northern_a britain_n and_o that_o the_o custom_n of_o diet_n do_v vary_v according_a to_o the_o diversity_n of_o age_n it_o can_v be_v expect_v that_o exact_a account_n nicaeus_fw-la can_v be_v give_v of_o it_o their_o usual_a 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reject_v they_o in_o the_o progress_n of_o the_o history_n i_o shall_v make_v some_o reflection_n upon_o the_o most_o observable_a circumstance_n as_o they_o carry_v either_o the_o appearance_n of_o truth_n or_o the_o mark_n of_o falsehood_n and_o forgery_n content_v myself_o that_o this_o chronicle_n be_v divide_v as_o the_o age_n of_o the_o world_n since_o the_o flood_n into_o fabulous_a and_o historical_a follow_v rather_o the_o ancient_a custom_n in_o yield_v something_o to_o the_o zeal_n of_o antiquity_n whereby_o the_o original_a of_o nation_n be_v make_v more_o venerable_a than_o by_o err_v on_o the_o other_o hand_n to_o bring_v the_o antiquity_n of_o a_o nation_n low_a than_o its_o just_a proportion_n yet_o in_o follow_v of_o the_o judgement_n of_o varro_n i_o have_v venture_v to_o bring_v down_o the_o genealogy_n of_o silvius_z or_o sisillius_fw-la who_o be_v suppose_v to_o reign_v in_o britain_n about_o varro_n the_o first_o olympiad_n in_o another_o method_n than_o 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by_o samothe_n it_o will_v be_v endless_a to_o trace_v all_o the_o absurdity_n and_o contradiction_n herein_o contain_v see_v that_o mesech_n the_o son_n of_o japhet_n be_v suppose_v upon_o better_a ground_n to_o be_v the_o father_n of_o the_o moschi_n and_o gomer_n not_o of_o the_o gaul_n but_o bochartus_fw-la phrygian_n his_o latter_a mistake_n arise_v from_o not_o distinguish_v that_o people_n in_o gallia_n their_o ancient_a possession_n and_o in_o phrygia_n their_o after_a conquest_n now_o as_o in_o all_o forgery_n there_o must_v be_v some_o mark_n of_o truth_n to_o carry_v it_o out_o so_o this_o samothe_n must_v be_v call_v dis_n because_o caesar_n write_v that_o the_o gaul_n derive_v their_o com._n original_a from_o this_o pater_fw-la or_o father_n dis._n his_o name_n samothe_v be_v give_v he_o because_o he_o must_v be_v make_v the_o father_n of_o a_o sect_n false_o call_v as_o mr._n selden_n prove_v samothei_n for_o semnothei_n h._n stephanus_n quote_v by_o mr._n selden_n give_v the_o original_a of_o their_o name_n two_o way_n ang._n either_o because_o they_o have_v always_o in_o their_o mouth_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d or_o because_o they_o seem_v like_o venerable_a deity_n the_o former_a opinion_n stephanus_n follow_v and_o mr._n selden_n the_o latter_a the_o custom_n of_o the_o gaul_n and_o britain_n in_o measure_v their_o time_n by_o night_n and_o not_o day_n as_o be_v report_v by_o caesar_n be_v father_v upon_o this_o prince_n by_o basingstoak_n a_o brit._n count_n palatine_n he_o be_v report_v also_o to_o excel_v in_o the_o knowledge_n of_o celestial_a body_n the_o course_n and_o motion_n of_o the_o star_n and_o the_o nature_n of_o inferior_a creature_n with_o all_o the_o science_n moral_a and_o politic_a and_o to_o have_v deliver_v the_o same_o in_o phoenician_n character_n from_o he_o this_o island_n be_v feign_v to_o be_v call_v samothea_n he_o begin_v his_o 〈◊〉_d reign_n anno_fw-la mundi_fw-la mdccccx_fw-la according_a to_o basingstoak_n and_o so_o reign_v six_o and_o forty_o year_n magus_n his_o son_n succeed_v he_o a_o prince_n no_o doubt_n by_o his_o name_n excellent_o skilled_a in_o the_o art_n of_o magic_n and_o so_o we_o find_v he_o name_v the_o founder_n of_o the_o magi_n in_o persia_n and_o this_o be_v ground_v upon_o that_o hyperbolical_a say_n in_o pliny_n namely_o that_o the_o hist._n britain_n be_v so_o addict_v to_o the_o art_n of_o magic_n that_o the_o persian_n may_v seem_v to_o have_v learn_v it_o from_o they_o and_o this_o be_v ground_n enough_o for_o a_o bold_a and_o confident_a writer_n to_o say_v no_o worse_o of_o annius_n to_o create_v this_o prince_n magus_n who_o be_v grant_v to_o reign_v in_o these_o part_n we_o have_v a_o founder_n of_o those_o many_o city_n end_v in_o magus_n or_o magum_fw-la both_o in_o britain_n and_o gaul_n as_o sitomagus_n neomagus_n etc._n etc._n this_o king_n first_o reduce_v man_n into_o distinct_a tribe_n and_o city_n whereas_o before_o they_o live_v disperse_v in_o wood_n and_o mountain_n he_o first_o bring_v in_o propriety_n and_o set_v out_o bound_n and_o limit_n of_o ground_n all_o which_o he_o perform_v by_o his_o wonderful_a eloquence_n persuade_v the_o barbarous_a people_n to_o the_o conveniency_n of_o such_o distinction_n he_o be_v suppose_v to_o have_v begin_v his_o reign_n anno_fw-la mundi_fw-la mdcccclvi_fw-la and_o to_o have_v reign_v fifty_o one_o year_n leave_v his_o kingdom_n to_o his_o sou_n sarron_n the_o three_o king_n of_o the_o britain_n and_o celts_n he_o be_v not_o famous_a for_o any_o new_a law_n as_o stephanus_n forcatulus_n quote_v by_o mr._n selden_n witness_v but_o for_o establish_v seld._n the_o constitution_n of_o his_o father_n and_o grandfather_n under_o severe_a penalty_n to_o which_o purpose_n he_o be_v say_v to_o have_v reduce_v they_o into_o one_o volume_n and_o to_o have_v erect_v public_a place_n for_o student_n he_o be_v seign_v to_o be_v the_o founder_n of_o the_o sect_n of_o the_o sarronides_n when_o indeed_o the_o sarronides_n be_v but_o another_o name_n for_o the_o druid_n as_o appear_v by_o the_o derivation_n of_o their_o name_n from_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d be_v the_o same_o with_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d a_o oak_n as_o likewise_o by_o the_o description_n com._n diodorus_n give_v of_o they_o namely_o that_o without_o the_o sarronides_n no_o sacrifice_n either_o public_a or_o private_a can_v be_v right_o perform_v which_o be_v the_o very_a same_o caesar_n write_v of_o the_o druid_n so_o that_o we_o see_v this_o king_n and_o the_o follow_a druid_n shall_v be_v the_o same_o person_n the_o word_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d from_o whence_o the_o name_n druid_n be_v derive_v proceed_v from_o the_o oak_n that_o grow_v in_o the_o plain_a of_o 18._o mamre_n under_o which_o in_o time_n past_a those_o religious_a man_n call_v druid_n to_o who_o the_o office_n of_o priesthood_n be_v commit_v live_v most_o devout_o that_o it_o be_v a_o holy_a place_n we_o read_v in_o genesis_n that_o bless_a abraham_n dwell_v among_o the_o oak_n of_o mamre_n where_o he_o pitch_v his_o tent_n and_o build_v a_o tabernacle_n and_o altar_n unto_o the_o lord_n in_o which_o he_o offer_v ram_n geat_n calf_n etc._n etc._n in_o sacrifice_n and_o moreover_o that_o he_o perform_v there_o all_o other_o sacerdotal_a rite_n and_o ceremony_n appertain_v to_o his_o priestly-office_n in_o those_o day_n from_o these_o oak_n of_o mamre_n which_o some_o call_v otherwise_o palm_n tree_n spring_v the_o original_a sect_n of_o druid_n which_o reach_v up_o as_o high_a as_o abraham_n time_n and_o it_o be_v positive_o record_v by_o some_o authentic_a author_n that_o the_o druid_n college_n flourish_v also_o very_o eminent_o in_o the_o day_n of_o hermio_n a_o german_a prince_n which_o happen_v not_o long_o after_o abraham_n death_n this_o i_o esteem_v to_o be_v very_o much_o assist_v to_o a_o clear_a proof_n and_o
than_o the_o war_n advance_v after_o the_o paschal_n feast_n as_o to_o a_o certain_a victory_n german_n who_o have_v notice_n of_o their_o approach_n undertake_v the_o conduct_n of_o that_o day_n and_o ride_v out_o with_o some_o select_a troop_n to_o discover_v a_o place_n fit_a for_o ambush_n find_v a_o valley_n encompass_v with_o many_o rise_n through_o which_o the_o enemy_n be_v to_o pass_v here_o he_o place_v his_o man_n and_o order_n they_o that_o what_o word_n they_o hear_v he_o pronounce_v the_o same_o they_o shall_v repeat_v with_o a_o universal_a shout_n the_o enemy_n go_v on_o secret_o and_o german_a thrice_o aloud_o cry_v haleluia_o which_o answer_v by_o the_o soldier_n with_o a_o sudden_a noise_n and_o clamour_n be_v double_o echo_v from_o the_o hill_n and_o valley_n the_o saxon_n and_o pict_n startle_v hereat_o and_o suppose_v it_o the_o noise_n of_o a_o huge_a host_n fling_v down_o their_o arm_n and_o flee_v and_o for_o haste_n many_o of_o they_o be_v drown_v in_o the_o river_n which_o new_o they_o have_v pass_v the_o victory_n thus_o obtain_v without_o hand_n give_v to_o the_o britain_n plenty_n of_o spoil_n and_o proeur_v to_o the_o person_n and_o preach_v of_o german_n great_a authority_n and_o reputation_n than_o before_o the_o place_n of_o this_o victory_n be_v report_v to_o have_v be_v in_o flintshire_n by_o a_o town_n call_v guid-eruc_a and_o the_o river_n be_v suppose_v allen_n where_o a_o field_n retain_v the_o name_n of_o maes_n german_n unto_o this_o day_n some_o have_v call_v into_o question_n that_o part_n of_o the_o relation_n which_o make_v mention_n of_o the_o people_n flock_v to_o be_v baptise_a by_o german_a see_v that_o pelagianism_n be_v never_o rebaptise_v and_o the_o heathenish_a religion_n for_o a_o long_a time_n before_o be_v not_o so_o much_o as_o hear_v of_o in_o britain_n but_o i_o think_v this_o can_v take_v away_o from_o the_o truth_n of_o this_o story_n see_v it_o be_v write_v by_o a_o man_n live_v so_o near_o the_o time_n for_o it_o be_v not_o to_o be_v mean_v of_o the_o whole_a army_n of_o britain_n but_o of_o some_o part_n only_o and_o those_o perhaps_o friend_n and_o ally_n to_o they_o for_o in_o a_o mixture_n of_o nation_n which_o in_o war_n either_o the_o take_n of_o prisoner_n or_o the_o revolt_n of_o disaffect_v person_n natural_o cause_v what_o wonder_n be_v it_o if_o there_o may_v be_v scot_n pict_n or_o saxon_n in_o german_n camp_n especial_o if_o we_o consider_v what_o intelligence_n he_o have_v of_o the_o approach_n of_o the_o enemy_n and_o the_o exact_a time_n of_o their_o come_n which_o can_v be_v give_v he_o by_o none_o but_o such_o who_o flee_v over_o to_o they_o and_o that_o many_o of_o the_o scot_n and_o pict_n be_v desirous_a to_o embrace_v the_o christian_a faith_n and_o want_v only_a opportunity_n to_o do_v it_o may_v be_v gather_v in_o that_o palladius_n a_o deacon_n about_o this_o time_n be_v ordain_v and_o send_v by_o celestine_n the_o pope_n to_o be_v bishop_n over_o they_o no_o marvel_n therefore_o if_o many_o of_o the_o pict_n enter_v into_o britain_n and_o behold_v the_o life_n and_o conversation_n of_o the_o christian_n here_o may_v be_v convert_v from_o their_o savage_a custom_n and_o religion_n and_o desire_v to_o be_v baptise_a by_o that_o man_n of_o who_o miraculous_a life_n and_o doctrine_n they_o have_v hear_v such_o wondrous_a relation_n these_o astion_n happen_v about_o the_o year_n 430_o when_o german_n depart_v the_o land_n the_o scot_n and_o pict_n take_v advantage_n of_o his_o absence_n prepare_v again_o for_o a_o new_a invasion_n the_o britain_n weary_v out_o with_o continual_a war_n and_o not_o expect_v any_o more_o miracle_n for_o their_o deliverance_n send_v to_o rome_n for_o assistance_n about_o the_o 39th_o year_n of_o theodosius_n and_o of_o our_o lord_n 446._o their_o letter_n be_v direct_v to_o aetius_n or_o agitius_n than_o precedent_n of_o gallia_n with_o this_o inscription_n 446._o to_o aetius_n thrice_o consul_n the_o groan_n of_o the_o britain_n the_o barbarian_n drive_v we_o to_o the_o sea_n and_o the_o sea_n drive_v we_o back_o to_o the_o barbarian_n thus_o between_o two_o kind_n of_o death_n we_o be_v either_o slaughter_v or_o drown_v bede_n and_o the_o more_o to_o express_v their_o misery_n and_o to_o move_v compassion_n thus_o they_o surth_o urge_v we_o the_o poor_a remnant_n of_o the_o britain_n and_o your_o vassal_n beside_o the_o enemy_n be_v afflict_v by_o famine_n and_o mortality_n which_o at_o this_o time_n extreme_o rage_v in_o our_o land_n withal_o they_o beg_v he_o to_o consider_v how_o near_o it_o concern_v the_o honour_n of_o the_o roman_a empire_n to_o protect_v and_o succour_v a_o province_n which_o for_o five_o hundred_o year_n almost_o have_v constant_o adhere_v to_o their_o interest_n that_o if_o they_o be_v now_o weaken_v and_o in_o a_o condition_n rather_o to_o take_v than_o give_v assistance_n they_o desire_v he_o to_o call_v to_o mind_n that_o it_o be_v their_o occasion_n not_o their_o own_o that_o have_v reduce_v they_o to_o those_o necessity_n the_o strength_n of_o the_o british_a youth_n be_v exhaust_v in_o the_o roman_a service_n and_o the_o land_n lest_o naked_a to_o uphold_v the_o grandeur_n of_o the_o empire_n and_o beside_o the_o loss_n of_o their_o youth_n their_o wealth_n have_v be_v waste_v and_o consume_v in_o maintain_v so_o many_o legion_n in_o foreign_a service_n and_o their_o store_n of_o corn_n spend_v in_o supply_v the_o roman_a province_n abroad_o to_o these_o their_o urgent_a request_n they_o receive_v no_o answer_n at_o all_o for_o the_o empire_n sore_o infest_a and_o overspread_v with_o huns_n and_o vandal_n be_v not_o in_o any_o condition_n to_o give_v they_o assistance_n insomuch_o that_o weary_v out_o with_o continual_a complain_v in_o vain_a and_o the_o famine_n daily_o increase_v upon_o they_o like_o man_n in_o a_o desperate_a condition_n their_o comfort_n lie_v only_o between_o the_o choice_n of_o two_o evil_n some_o mere_o to_o get_v sustenance_n yield_v themselves_o to_o the_o disposal_n of_o the_o enemy_n while_o other_o more_o hardy_a and_o resolute_a maintain_v their_o life_n with_o what_o the_o wood_n and_o forest_n afford_v they_o oftentimes_o as_o their_o necessity_n urge_v or_o advantage_n invite_v they_o will_v gildas_n they_o make_v sally_n upon_o the_o enemy_n and_o that_o with_o good_a success_n lead_v on_o as_o may_v be_v guess_v by_o some_o worthy_a commander_n who_o advise_v they_o not_o to_o trust_v in_o their_o own_o power_n but_o the_o divine_a assistance_n and_o perhaps_o if_o computation_n will_v permit_v which_o in_o these_o time_n be_v very_o much_o confuse_v by_o the_o divine_a assistance_n nothing_o more_o be_v here_o mean_v than_o the_o foresaid_a miraculous_a victory_n obtain_v by_o german_a near_o the_o river_n allen_n but_o however_o i_o shall_v follow_v the_o series_n of_o gildas_n in_o set_v down_o the_o history_n of_o these_o time_n the_o scot_n or_o irish_a robber_n for_o so_o be_v they_o indifferent_o call_v find_v such_o stout_a resistance_n where_o they_o lest_o suspect_v it_o for_o the_o present_a depart_n home_o with_o intention_n to_o return_v upon_o the_o next_o fair_a occasion_n invite_v they_o the_o pict_n also_o who_o not_o long_o before_o as_o have_v be_v mention_v have_v seat_v themselves_o in_o the_o utmost_a part_n of_o the_o island_n even_o unto_o the_o wall_n now_o retire_v to_o their_o new_a habitation_n and_o save_v a_o few_o inroad_n which_o now_o and_o then_o they_o make_v upon_o the_o borderer_n live_v without_o any_o great_a molestation_n so_o that_o the_o britain_n ease_v from_o their_o enemy_n begin_v anew_o to_o till_o the_o ground_n which_o after_o long_a discontinuance_n yield_v her_o fruit_n in_o such_o abundance_n as_o the_o like_a in_o no_o age_n before_o have_v ever_o be_v remember_v but_o the_o sore_a of_o famine_n be_v heal_v and_o skin_v other_o more_o virulent_a break_v out_o riot_n luxury_n and_o wantonness_n the_o usual_a attendant_n of_o fullness_n and_o plenty_n and_o with_o they_o all_o vice_n incident_a to_o humane_a nature_n for_o beside_o fornication_n adultery_n uncleanness_n rape_n incest_n the_o necessary_a companion_n of_o intemperance_n contention_n strife_n civil_a discord_n arise_v among_o they_o and_o they_o who_o have_v be_v feeble_a and_o weak_a in_o repress_v a_o foreign_a enemy_n in_o vindicate_v their_o private_a animosity_n be_v eager_a and_o obstinate_a but_o that_o which_o gildas_n faith_n most_o especial_o conduce_v to_o the_o corrupt_a of_o affair_n and_o the_o overturning_a the_o state_n of_o all_o goodness_n in_o the_o land_n and_o so_o continue_v in_o his_o day_n be_v the_o hatred_n of_o truth_n and_o the_o maintainer_n of_o it_o the_o love_n of_o lie_n with_o the_o forger_n thereof_o evil_a they_o call_v good_a and_o good_a evil_n to_o be_v wicked_a and_o lewd_a be_v honourable_a
sacrifice_n the_o next_o be_v ara_n not_o very_o high_a from_o the_o ground_n and_o this_o be_v for_o the_o terrestrial_a god_n and_o celestial_a also_o the_o altar_n only_o to_o the_o celestial_a and_o these_o be_v common_o place_v near_o the_o tomb_n and_o sepulcher_n of_o the_o decease_a stant_fw-la manibus_fw-la arae_n aeneid_n when_o they_o act_v their_o comedy_n they_o also_o erect_v two_o ara_n that_o on_o the_o right_a hand_n be_v sacred_a to_o apollo_n that_o on_o the_o left_a to_o some_o hero_n or_o one_o god_n or_o other_o in_o who_o honour_n the_o play_n be_v celebrate_v in_o a_o tragedy_n that_o on_o the_o right_n be_v consecrate_v to_o bacchus_n they_o use_v when_o they_o sacrifice_v or_o solemn_o swear_v to_o any_o thing_n to_o hold_v by_o those_o altar_n whosoever_o also_o on_o what_o account_n soever_o make_v his_o escape_n hither_o can_v not_o without_o great_a impiety_n be_v drag_v thence_o but_o if_o it_o be_v any_o great_a villainy_n it_o be_v lawful_a to_o apply_v fire_n and_o so_o to_o make_v he_o voluntary_o to_o depart_v or_o else_o by_o shut_v the_o door_n starve_v he_o to_o death_n and_o this_o privilege_n be_v allow_v to_o the_o statue_n of_o their_o prince_n also_o scrobiculus_fw-la be_v a_o furrow_n or_o ditch_n contain_v a_o altar_n sacred_a to_o the_o infernal_a god_n in_o which_o they_o pour_v the_o blood_n of_o the_o beast_n together_o with_o milk_n honey_n and_o wine_n of_o their_o military_a discipline_n the_o roman_n be_v ever_o backward_o or_o else_o will_v fain_o seem_v so_o in_o bring_v a_o unjust_a war_n upon_o any_o of_o their_o neighbour_n many_o of_o their_o writer_n affirm_v all_o war_n whatsoever_o if_o not_o just_o and_o upon_o good_a ground_n undertake_v to_o be_v unlawful_a by_o numa_n pompilius_n therefore_o be_v certain_a priest_n constitute_v who_o they_o call_v feciales_n who_o duty_n it_o be_v to_o put_v the_o senate_n in_o mind_n before_o they_o make_v war_n with_o any_o confederate_a nation_n serious_o to_o consider_v ambition_n and_o interest_n be_v lay_v aside_o whether_o the_o cause_n of_o their_o quarrel_n be_v found_v upon_o justice_n and_o reason_n neither_o will_v the_o roman_n although_o the_o injury_n they_o suffer_v be_v great_a and_o the_o affront_v insupportable_a do_v as_o the_o french_a late_o in_o flanders_n appear_v in_o a_o hostile_a manner_n in_o the_o enemy_n country_n before_o they_o have_v give_v out_o some_o reason_n concern_v the_o ground_n and_o occasion_n of_o the_o war_n they_o esteem_v it_o neither_o honourable_a nor_o just_a to_o bring_v a_o war_n with_o all_o its_o sad_a consequence_n on_o a_o sudden_a into_o a_o enemy_n country_n before_o they_o have_v try_v mild_a way_n for_o obtain_v satisfaction_n therefore_o upon_o any_o wrong_n do_v they_o they_o send_v their_o feciale_n or_o spiritual_a ambassador_n to_o the_o country_n of_o their_o oppressor_n who_o when_o they_o arrive_v invoke_a jupiter_n and_o all_o the_o god_n to_o be_v witness_n of_o the_o justice_n of_o their_o cause_n curse_v both_o themselves_o and_o the_o people_n of_o rome_n if_o they_o come_v to_o desire_v any_o thing_n but_o their_o right_n whosoever_o they_o meet_v in_o the_o field_n or_o at_o the_o gate_n of_o the_o city_n they_o call_v they_o as_o witness_n of_o the_o justness_n of_o their_o complaint_n then_o go_v to_o the_o marketplace_n they_o declare_v to_o the_o magistrate_n the_o cause_n of_o their_o embassy_n demand_v in_o the_o name_n of_o the_o senate_n and_o people_n restitution_n for_o wrong_n and_o injury_n offer_v to_o the_o people_n of_o rome_n or_o else_o a_o delivery_n of_o the_o person_n that_o have_v be_v the_o cause_n of_o they_o show_v the_o unwillingness_n of_o the_o roman_a people_n though_o for_o regain_n their_o own_o to_o enter_v into_o a_o war_n with_o any_o nation_n allow_v they_o thirty_o three_o day_n to_o consider_v the_o proposal_n to_o which_o if_o they_o receive_v no_o satisfactory_a answer_n they_o return_v to_o the_o senate_n tell_v how_o they_o have_v due_o perform_v their_o office_n and_o their_o adversary_n obstinate_o refuse_v to_o deliver_v up_o their_o right_n then_o if_o they_o please_v they_o may_v lawful_o engage_v themselves_o in_o a_o war_n against_o a_o people_n that_o be_v detest_v by_o mankind_n for_o their_o insolence_n and_o odious_a for_o their_o perjury_n to_o the_o go_n if_o the_o senate_n consent_v to_o it_o they_o return_v with_o a_o dart_n to_o the_o border_n of_o their_o enemy_n where_o in_o the_o presence_n of_o three_o at_o the_o least_o name_v the_o name_n of_o the_o people_n they_o be_v send_v against_o declare_v in_o what_o manner_n they_o have_v exasperate_v and_o offend_v the_o roman_n and_o therefore_o the_o senate_n and_o people_n of_o rome_n have_v command_v they_o to_o proclaim_v war_n against_o they_o which_o here_o they_o do_v have_v so_o say_v they_o fling_v a_o dart_n into_o their_o territory_n which_o be_v a_o sign_n that_o war_n be_v denounce_v peace_n always_o be_v proclaim_v by_o the_o usual_a form_n and_o ceremony_n that_o follow_v one_o of_o the_o ambassador_n commissionated_a by_o the_o senate_n both_o side_n have_v conclude_v on_o peace_n take_v up_o a_o stone_n use_v this_o form_n of_o word_n if_o upright_o and_o without_o any_o mental_a reservation_n and_o deceit_n i_o enter_v into_o this_o league_n let_v all_o thing_n prove_v prosperous_a and_o successful_a to_o i_o but_o if_o i_o do_v or_o think_v otherwise_o i_o wish_v i_o may_v wheresoever_o i_o be_o all_o other_o be_v safe_a fall_v down_o dead_a as_o this_o stone_n fall_v out_o of_o my_o band_n and_o thereupon_o he_o cast_v out_o of_o his_o hand_n the_o stone_n this_o manner_n of_o swear_v be_v term_v jurare_fw-la jupiter_fw-la lapidem_fw-la war_n be_v proclaim_v they_o general_o appoint_v a_o set_v day_n place_n and_o time_n for_o a_o muster_n whither_o all_o the_o roman_n that_o be_v by_o reason_n of_o their_o age_n fit_a to_o bear_v arm_n punctual_o repair_v all_o above_o seventeen_o and_o under_o forty_o six_o be_v liable_a to_o a_o impress_n the_o general_n the_o better_a to_o secure_v himself_o of_o the_o sidelity_n allegiance_n and_o love_n of_o his_o soldier_n oblige_v they_o single_o to_o a_o oath_n whereby_o they_o solemn_o swear_v that_o in_o the_o great_a danger_n they_o will_v never_o for_o sake_n their_o captain_n or_o in_o time_n of_o distress_n desert_n their_o country_n they_o swear_v likewise_o that_o they_o will_v ready_o obey_v and_o put_v in_o execution_n the_o command_n of_o their_o general_n if_o the_o performance_n of_o it_o be_v not_o impossible_a this_o oath_n be_v term_v sacramentum_fw-la militare_fw-la this_o public_a muster_n of_o the_o roman_a citizen_n be_v yearly_o appoint_v and_o the_o soldier_n be_v elect_v by_o the_o military_a tribune_n under_o the_o consul_n if_o any_o soldier_n for_o fear_n have_v withdraw_v himself_o and_o do_v not_o appear_v at_o the_o day_n appoint_v by_o the_o consul_n they_o either_o imprison_v he_o or_o confiscate_v his_o good_n or_o sell_v he_o for_o a_o slave_n intend_v to_o deprive_v he_o of_o the_o name_n and_o privilege_n of_o a_o roman_a for_o as_o he_o have_v not_o courage_n so_o be_v he_o not_o account_v worthy_a to_o be_v own_v of_o the_o roman_a blood_n if_o any_o sudden_a uproar_v or_o confusion_n happen_v in_o italy_n or_o gaul_n the_o chief_a leader_n of_o the_o army_n go_v to_o the_o capitol_n bring_v from_o thence_o two_o banner_n one_o red_a to_o which_o the_o footman_n repair_v the_o other_o sea-colour_n which_o the_o horseman_n follow_v and_o that_o the_o remedy_n may_v be_v as_o sudden_a as_o the_o disease_n the_o expedition_n at_o the_o uprising_n one_o of_o the_o eminent_a soldier_n in_o a_o whole_a legion_n take_v the_o oath_n as_o large_a the_o rest_n cry_v out_o in_o order_n one_o by_o one_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d that_o he_o swear_v the_o same_o with_o the_o first_o these_o be_v call_v milites_fw-la subitarii_fw-la or_o per_fw-la conjurationem_fw-la yet_o if_o the_o tribune_n suspect_v the_o fidelity_n of_o his_o soldier_n he_o swear_v they_o several_o notwithstanding_o the_o nearness_n of_o the_o danger_n and_o hazard_n be_v like_a to_o besal_n they_o their_o army_n consist_v of_o legionary_a soldier_n and_o auxiliary_n it_o be_v lawful_a for_o none_o to_o fight_v in_o these_o legion_n unless_o they_o be_v roman_a citizen_n bear_v free_a by_o father_n and_o mother_n and_o be_v enrol_v in_o one_o of_o their_o five_o class_n slave_n libertine_n old_a man_n boy_n and_o stage-player_n etc._n etc._n be_v never_o suffer_v to_o fight_v unless_o some_o urgent_a necessity_n require_v as_o for_o want_v of_o number_n and_o more_o speedy_a expedition_n at_o first_o they_o receive_v no_o pay_n but_o every_o one_o at_o his_o own_o charge_n move_v thereunto_o by_o the_o love_n of_o his_o country_n serve_v the_o commonwealth_n anno_fw-la 347_o
the_o historian_n of_o those_o time_n have_v think_v convenient_a that_o the_o memory_n of_o these_o apostate_n king_n shall_v be_v utter_o raze_v and_o the_o same_o year_n reckon_v the_o first_o of_o king_n oswald_n a_o man_n dear_o belove_v of_o god_n oswald_z oswald_z after_o the_o death_n of_o his_o brother_n be_v make_v king_n of_o northumberland_n he_o be_v a_o prince_n well_o ground_v in_o his_o religion_n and_o beside_o many_o other_o virtue_n have_v accomplish_v himself_o during_o his_o exile_n in_o all_o military_a exercise_n 634._o to_o which_o in_o his_o youth_n he_o have_v studious_o addict_v himself_o and_o indeed_o the_o state_n of_o the_o kingdom_n at_o his_o first_o entrance_n upon_o it_o be_v miserable_o harass_v by_o cadwallo_n require_v no_o ordinary_a man_n to_o redeem_v the_o glory_n and_o honour_n of_o it_o he_o have_v to_o deal_v with_o a_o enemy_n use_v to_o conquer_v but_o withal_o proud_a and_o boast_a and_o who_o by_o often_o beat_v the_o northumberland_n have_v now_o little_a opinion_n of_o the_o saxon_a valour_n in_o general_n and_o be_v therefore_o grow_v somewhat_o secure_a and_o negligent_a in_o his_o proceed_n he_o therefore_o oswald_z with_o a_o small_a but_o christian_a army_n attack_n by_o a_o little_a river_n run_v into_o tine_n near_o the_o old_a roman_a wall_n the_o place_n call_v denisborn_n and_o after_o a_o sharp_a fight_n slay_v he_o with_o the_o great_a part_n of_o his_o huge_a host_n which_o he_o boast_v be_v invincible_a it_o be_v report_v that_o the_o first_o day_n oswald_n though_o provoke_v will_v not_o join_v battle_n but_o spend_v the_o whole_a time_n in_o prayer_n and_o supplication_n command_v his_o army_n to_o do_v the_o like_a and_o to_o show_v that_o his_o trust_n be_v more_o in_o the_o protection_n of_o the_o almighty_a than_o the_o arm_n of_o flesh_n and_o to_o profess_v himself_o the_o soldier_n os_fw-la christ_n he_o erect_v for_o his_o standard_n a_o great_a 〈◊〉_d in_o the_o field_n wherein_o he_o encamp_v sustain_v the_o same_o with_o his_o own_o hand_n until_o the_o soldier_n with_o earth_n fill_v up_o the_o ground_n it_o be_v fix_v in_o from_o this_o cross_n and_o the_o victory_n ensue_v the_o place_n be_v afterward_o call_v 〈◊〉_d and_o the_o cross_n itself_o be_v long_o after_o much_o frequent_v for_o the_o miracle_n say_v to_o be_v wrought_v by_o it_o be_v settle_v in_o his_o throne_n by_o the_o death_n of_o his_o potent_a enemy_n like_o a_o good_a prince_n his_o first_o care_n be_v to_o have_v his_o people_n again_o instruct_v in_o the_o christian_a religion_n which_o by_o the_o apostasy_n of_o the_o former_a prince_n and_o devastation_n of_o those_o time_n be_v almost_o utter_o lose_v among_o they_o to_o this_o purpose_n he_o send_v into_o scotland_n where_o himself_o have_v be_v breed_v up_o to_o have_v some_o godly_a and_o laborious_a preacher_n send_v unto_o he_o his_o desire_n be_v ready_o assent_v to_o by_o the_o clergy_n of_o that_o country_n and_o aidan_n a_o monk_n and_o bishop_n with_o other_o to_o assist_v he_o be_v according_o dispatch_v who_o come_v into_o northumberland_n by_o their_o good_a example_n and_o diligent_a preach_n wonderful_o restore_v the_o christian_a religion_n insomuch_o that_o many_o thousand_o be_v say_v in_o few_o day_n to_o have_v be_v baptise_a by_o they_o this_o aidan_n have_v assign_v to_o he_o from_o the_o king_n for_o a_o episcopal_a seat_n a_o place_n than_o call_v lindesfarn_v now_o holy_a island_n but_o he_o be_v not_o so_o famous_a by_o the_o dignity_n of_o his_o sec_n as_o the_o singular_a virtue_n of_o his_o mind_n be_v a_o man_n above_o the_o level_n of_o that_o age_n of_o wonderful_a moderation_n and_o not_o carry_v away_o with_o the_o nice_a and_o trivial_a point_n of_o theology_n which_o most_o desperate_o infect_v those_o and_o latter_a time_n and_o this_o will_v more_o evident_o appear_v by_o the_o testimony_n of_o bede_n in_o his_o preamble_n to_o the_o council_n of_o whitby_n which_o you_o may_v find_v in_o the_o reign_n of_o the_o follow_a prince_n and_o this_o may_v be_v the_o reason_n that_o he_o gain_v so_o much_o on_o the_o mind_n of_o his_o auditor_n for_o whereas_o other_o follow_v the_o example_n of_o colmar_n a_o preacher_n then_o in_o northumberland_n delight_v more_o to_o show_v their_o profound_a skill_n in_o point_n then_o controvert_v than_o plain_o to_o set_v forth_o the_o ground_n of_o christianity_n aidan_n on_o the_o contrary_a by_o easy_a doctrine_n and_o yield_v in_o thing_n ceremonial_a make_v more_o christian_n by_o far_o though_o few_o disputant_n neither_o be_v the_o devotion_n and_o humility_n of_o oswald_n himself_o to_o be_v pass_v over_o who_o disdain_v not_o to_o be_v interpreter_n to_o the_o bishop_n in_o his_o first_o preach_v for_o whereas_o aidan_n at_o his_o first_o come_v speak_v scotch_a only_a or_o very_o break_a english_a the_o king_n himself_o to_o secure_v he_o from_o contempt_n and_o to_o make_v his_o word_n carry_v more_o authority_n be_v as_o you_o have_v hear_v himself_o the_o conduit_n to_o coveigh_v they_o to_o his_o people_n neither_o be_v this_o king_n less_o celebrate_v for_o his_o exceed_a charity_n and_o pity_n to_o the_o poor_a feed_v they_o with_o his_o own_o hand_n at_o the_o gate_n and_o often_o distribute_v the_o plate_n itself_o among_o they_o for_o which_o it_o be_v say_v that_o aidan_n be_v once_o present_a take_v the_o king_n by_o the_o right_a hand_n thus_o say_v or_o prophesy_v that_o it_o be_v impossible_a that_o hand_n shall_v parish_n which_o have_v so_o often_o sustain_v other_o which_o report_n go_v after_o his_o death_n be_v fulfil_v for_o that_o hand_n remain_v uncorrupted_a be_v afterward_o shrine_v in_o silver_n and_o preserve_v entire_a in_o st._n peter_n church_n in_o bebba_n now_o bamborow_n thus_o the_o kingdom_n of_o northumberland_n by_o the_o blessing_n of_o god_n and_o the_o good_a endeavour_n of_o king_n oswald_n enjoy_v the_o benefit_n of_o peace_n during_o which_o time_n religion_n good_a law_n and_o ordinance_n be_v establish_v church_n erect_v through_o the_o whole_a province_n and_o the_o general_a state_n so_o flourish_v that_o all_o the_o neighbour_a country_n invite_v by_o the_o princely_a virtue_n of_o oswald_n especial_o the_o moderation_n of_o his_o government_n daily_o flock_v under_o his_o obedience_n insomuch_o that_o he_o have_v at_o command_n at_o one_o time_n people_n of_o four_o different_a language_n britain_n pict_n scotch_a and_o english_a thus_o after_o he_o have_v reign_v the_o space_n of_o eight_o year_n worthy_a of_o a_o long_a life_n he_o fall_v by_o the_o same_o fate_n and_o the_o same_o hand_n 〈◊〉_d edwin_n his_o predecessor_n for_o 〈◊〉_d the_o pugan_n king_n of_o mercia_n envy_v the_o greatness_n of_o his_o state_n make_v war_n upon_o 〈◊〉_d and_o at_o a_o place_n call_v maserfield_n now_o oswester_n in_o shropshire_n cut_v he_o in_o piece_n with_o a_o great_a part_n of_o his_o army_n on_o the_o five_o of_o august_n 642._o his_o body_n be_v bury_v at_o bradney_n in_o lincoinshire_n by_o his_o wife_n kinburg_n daughter_n of_o kingil_n he_o have_v a_o son_n name_v ethelwald_n who_o be_v leave_v young_a be_v put_v by_o the_o kingdom_n by_o his_o base_a uncle_n oswy_n but_o he_o continual_o give_v he_o trouble_v in_o the_o keep_n of_o it_o and_o obtain_v last_o a_o principality_n in_o derra_n which_o he_o hold_v by_o force_n after_o that_o oswy_a have_v slay_v oswyn_n the_o nephew_n of_o edwin_n who_o for_o seven_o year_n have_v hold_v it_o oswy_n oswy_a the_o base_a son_n of_o edilfrid_n the_o wild_a after_o the_o death_n of_o his_o brother_n succeed_v he_o in_o the_o kingdom_n the_o beginning_n of_o his_o reign_n be_v exceed_o 642._o turmoil_v with_o the_o continual_a incursion_n of_o penda_n the_o rebellion_n of_o his_o base_a son_n alkfrid_n and_o the_o opposition_n of_o ethelwald_n son_n of_o edwin_n and_o rightful_a heir_n of_o the_o crown_n but_o his_o great_a eyesore_n be_v oswyn_n the_o son_n of_o osric_n edwin_n brother_n who_o have_v possession_n of_o deira_n a_o prince_n high_o belove_v by_o his_o people_n for_o his_o good_a nature_n and_o much_o admire_v for_o zeal_n in_o religion_n and_o humility_n in_o the_o profession_n of_o it_o against_o he_o oswy_n raise_v a_o army_n and_o oswyn_n meet_v he_o but_o find_v himself_o far_o inferior_a in_o number_n he_o break_v up_o his_o camp_n which_o be_v then_o at_o wilfaresdown_n ten_o mile_n west_n of_o cataracton_n and_o reserve_v himself_o for_o a_o better_a opportunity_n with_o one_o attendant_n name_v condhere_v he_o withdraw_v to_o the_o house_n of_o earl_n hunwald_n on_o who_o fidelity_n he_o much_o rely_v but_o contrary_a to_o his_o expectation_n he_o be_v by_o the_o say_a earl_n base_o betray_v to_o king_n oswy_n and_o by_o his_o order_n as_o base_o murder_v at_o ingethling_n aidan_n the_o good_a bishop_n survive_v not_o