pease_n do_v manure_v barren_a ground_n well_o your_o lentles_a better_a and_o your_o lupin_n the_o best_a of_o all_o now_o for_o the_o nature_n and_o use_n of_o these_o grain_n the_o pease_n as_o all_o husbandman_n know_v be_v both_o good_a for_o the_o use_n of_o man_n in_o his_o bread_n as_o be_v use_v in_o leicester_n shire_n lincolnshire_n nottinghamshire_n and_o many_o other_o country_n and_o also_o for_o horse_n in_o their_o provender_n as_o be_v use_v general_o over_o all_o england_n for_o lentles_a or_o white_a ftche_n or_o the_o lupin_n which_o be_v red_a fitche_n they_o be_v both_o indifferent_a good_a in_o bread_n for_o man_n especial_o if_o the_o meal_n be_v well_o scald_v before_o it_o be_v knodden_v for_o otherwise_o the_o savour_n be_v exceed_a rank_n or_o else_o they_o be_v a_o very_a good_a food_n be_v sod_v in_o the_o manner_n of_o leapâ—-pease_n especial_o at_o sea_n in_o long_a journey_n where_o fresh_a meat_n be_v most_o exceed_o scarce_o so_o that_o rather_o than_o your_o land_n shall_v lie_v idle_a and_o bring_v forth_o no_o profit_n i_o conclude_v it_o best_o to_o sow_v these_o pulse_n which_o both_o bring_v forth_o commodity_n and_o also_o out_o of_o their_o own_o nature_n do_v manure_v and_o enrich_v your_o ground_n make_v it_o more_o apt_a and_o fit_a to_o receive_v much_o better_a seed_n for_o the_o manner_n of_o sow_v these_o three_o sort_n of_o pulse_n you_o shall_v sow_v they_o ever_o under_o furrow_n in_o such_o sort_n as_o be_v describe_v for_o the_o sow_v of_o pease_n and_o beanes_n upon_o the_o white_a or_o gray_a clay_n which_o be_v of_o indifferent_a dryness_n and_o apt_a to_o break_v now_o the_o limitation_n for_o this_o ardour_n or_o â—éede_n time_n manure_v be_v from_o the_o midst_n of_o march_n till_o the_o midst_n of_o april_n then_o from_o the_o midst_n of_o april_n till_o the_o midst_n of_o may_n you_o shall_v make_v your_o especial_a work_n to_o be_v only_o the_o lead_n forth_o of_o your_o manure_n to_o that_o field_n which_o you_o do_v fallow_a or_o lay_v tilth_n that_o present_a year_n immediate_o after_o christmas_n and_o of_o which_o i_o first_o speak_v in_o this_o chapter_n and_o herein_o be_v to_o be_v understand_v that_o the_o best_a and_o princpal_a manure_n for_o this_o redde-sand_n be_v the_o oulde_v manure_v of_o beast_n which_o can_v beget_v which_o you_o shall_v know_v by_o the_o exceed_a blackness_n and_o rottenness_n thereof_o be_v in_o the_o cut_n both_o soft_a and_o smooth_a all_o of_o one_o substance_n as_o if_o it_o be_v well_o compact_a mortar_n without_o any_o show_n of_o straw_n or_o other_o stuff_n which_o be_v unrot_v for_o this_o dung_n be_v of_o all_o the_o fat_a and_o cool_v and_o do_v best_a agree_v with_o the_o nature_n of_o this_o hot_a sand_n next_o to_o the_o dung_n of_o beast_n be_v the_o dung_n of_o horse_n if_o it_o be_v old_a also_o otherwise_o it_o be_v somewhat_o of_o the_o hot_a the_o rubbish_n of_o old_a house_n or_o the_o swéeping_n of_o flower_n or_o the_o scowr_v of_o old_a fishpond_n or_o other_o stand_a water_n where_o beast_n and_o horse_n be_v use_v to_o drink_v or_o be_v wash_v or_o whereunto_o the_o water_n and_o moisture_n of_o dunghill_n have_v recourse_n be_v all_o good_a manure_n for_o this_o redde-sand_n as_o for_o the_o manure_n of_o sheep_n upon_o this_o redde-sand_n it_o be_v the_o best_a of_o all_o in_o such_o place_n as_o you_o mean_v to_o sow_v rye_n but_o not_o full_o so_o good_a where_o you_o do_v intend_v to_o sow_v your_o barley_n if_o it_o be_v a_o cold_a moist_a redde-sand_n which_o be_v seldom_o find_v but_o in_o some_o particular_a low_a country_n than_o it_o do_v not_o amiss_o to_o manure_v it_o most_o with_o sheep_n or_o else_o with_o chalk_n lime_n or_o ash_n of_o which_o you_o can_v get_v the_o great_a plenty_n if_o this_o soil_n be_v subject_a to_o much_o weed_n and_o quick_v as_o general_o it_o be_v then_o after_o you_o have_v tear_v up_o the_o weed_n and_o quick_v with_o harrow_n you_o shall_v with_o rake_n rake_v they_o together_o and_o lay_v they_o in_o heap_n upon_o the_o land_n you_o shall_v burn_v they_o and_o then_o spread_v the_o ash_n they_o will_v be_v a_o very_a good_a manure_n and_o in_o short_a space_n destroy_v the_o weed_n also_o likewise_o if_o your_o land_n be_v much_o overgrow_v with_o weed_n if_o when_o you_o shear_v your_o rye_n you_o leave_v a_o good_a long_a stubble_n and_o then_o mow_v the_o stubble_n burn_v it_o upon_o the_o land_n it_o be_v both_o a_o good_a manure_n and_o also_o a_o good_a mean_n to_o destroy_v the_o weed_n barley_n after_o your_o manure_n be_v lead_v forth_o and_o either_o spread_v upon_o the_o land_n or_o set_v in_o great_a heap_n so_o as_o the_o land_n may_v be_v cover_v over_o with_o manure_v for_o it_o be_v to_o be_v observe_v that_o this_o soil_n must_v be_v thorough_o manure_v then_o about_o the_o midst_n of_o may_n which_o be_v the_o time_n when_o this_o work_n shall_v be_v finish_v you_o shall_v repair_v with_o your_o plough_n into_o the_o other_o fallow_a field_n which_o be_v prepare_v the_o year_n before_o for_o this_o year_n barley_n &_o there_o you_o shall_v sow_v it_o all_o over_o with_o barley_n above_o furrow_n that_o be_v to_o say_v you_o shall_v first_o plough_v it_o then_o sow_v it_o and_o after_o harrow_v it_o make_v the_o mould_n as_o fine_a and_o smooth_a as_o may_v be_v which_o be_v do_v with_o easy_a labour_n because_o this_o sand_n of_o it_o own_o nature_n be_v as_o fine_a as_o ash_n now_o the_o limitation_n for_o this_o seed_n time_n be_v from_o the_o midst_n of_o may_n till_o the_o midst_n of_o june_n wherein_o if_o any_o man_n demand_v why_o it_o shall_v not_o be_v sow_v in_o march_n and_o april_n according_a as_o it_o be_v sow_v in_o the_o former_a soil_n i_o answer_v that_o first_o this_o redde-sand_n can_v be_v prepare_v or_o receive_v his_o full_a season_n in_o weather_n and_o earing_n before_o this_o time_n of_o the_o year_n and_o next_o that_o these_o redde-sand_n by_o how_o much_o they_o be_v hot_a and_o dry_a than_o the_o other_o clay_v by_o so_o much_o they_o may_v well_o stay_v the_o long_a before_o they_o receive_v their_o seed_n because_o that_o so_o much_o the_o soon_o the_o seed_n do_v sprout_v in_o they_o &_o also_o the_o soon_o ripen_v be_v keep_v warm_a at_o the_o root_n then_o in_o any_o can_v soil_n whatsoever_o as_o soon_o as_o the_o midst_n of_o june_n approach_v summer-stirring_a you_o shall_v then_o begin_v to_o summer-stirre_a your_o fallow_a field_n and_o to_o turn_v your_o manure_n into_o your_o land_n in_o such_o sort_n as_o you_o do_v upon_o your_o clay_n soil_v for_o this_o ardour_n of_o summer-stirring_a alter_v in_o no_o soil_n and_o this_o must_v be_v do_v from_o the_o midst_n of_o june_n till_o the_o midst_n of_o july_n for_o as_o touch_v slight_v slight_v clot_v or_o smooth_v of_o this_o barley_n field_n it_o be_v seldom_o in_o use_n because_o the_o fineness_n of_o the_o sand_n will_v lay_v the_o land_n smooth_a enough_o without_o slight_v yet_o if_o you_o find_v that_o any_o particular_a land_n lie_v more_o rough_a than_o the_o rest_n it_o shall_v not_o be_v amiss_o if_o with_o your_o back_n harrow_n you_o smooth_v it_o a_o little_a within_o a_o day_n or_o two_o after_o it_o be_v sow_v from_o the_o midst_n of_o july_n until_o the_o midst_n of_o august_n foil_v you_o shall_v foil_v and_o throw_v down_o your_o fallow_a field_n again_o if_o your_o land_n lie_v well_o and_o in_o good_a order_n but_o if_o any_o of_o your_o land_n do_v lie_v in_o the_o danger_n of_o water_n or_o by_o use_n of_o plough_v be_v grow_v too_o flat_a both_o which_o be_v hindrance_n to_o the_o growth_n of_o corn_n then_o when_o you_o foil_v your_o land_n you_o shall_v plough_v they_o upward_o and_o so_o by_o that_o mean_n raise_v the_o ridge_n one_o furrow_n high_o rye_n after_o you_o have_v foil_v your_o land_n which_o must_v be_v about_o the_o midst_n of_o august_n then_o will_v your_o barley_n be_v ready_a to_o mow_v for_o these_o hot_a soil_n have_v ever_o a_o early_a harvest_n which_o as_o soon_o as_o it_o be_v mow_v and_o carry_v into_o the_o barn_n forthwith_o you_o shall_v with_o all_o expedition_n carry_v forth_o such_o manure_n as_o you_o may_v convenient_o spare_v and_o lay_v it_o upon_o that_o land_n from_o whence_o you_o receive_v your_o barley_n which_o be_v most_o barren_a and_o if_o you_o want_v cart_n manure_v you_o shall_v then_o lay_v your_o fold_n of_o séepe_n thereupon_o and_o as_o soon_o as_o it_o be_v manure_v you_o shall_v immediate_o plough_v both_o it_o &_o the_o rest_n which_o ardour_n shall_v be_v finish_v by_o the_o midst_n of_o september_n and_o so_o suffer_v to_o rest_n until_o
thus_o you_o shall_v begin_v to_o fallow_a or_o break_v up_o this_o soil_n at_o the_o begin_n of_o may_n at_o which_o time_n you_o shall_v plough_v it_o deep_a &_o take_v up_o a_o large_a furrow_n and_o if_o your_o land_n lie_v any_o thing_n flat_a it_o shall_v be_v meet_v that_o you_o begin_v on_o the_o ridge_n of_o the_o land_n and_o turn_v all_o your_o furrow_n upward_o but_o if_o your_o land_n lie_v high_a and_o upright_o then_o shall_v you_o begin_v in_o the_o furrow_n and_o turn_v all_o your_o furrow_n downward_o which_o be_v call_v of_o husbandman_n the_o cast_v down_o of_o land_n this_o first_o plough_v of_o ground_n or_o as_o husbandman_n term_v it_o the_o first_o ardour_n be_v call_v fallow_v the_o second_o ardour_n which_o we_o call_v stir_v of_o ground_n or_o summer_n stir_v you_o shall_v begin_v in_o july_n which_o be_v of_o great_a consequence_n for_o by_o mean_n of_o it_o you_o shall_v kill_v all_o manner_n of_o weed_n and_o thistell_n that_o will_v annoy_v your_o land_n in_o this_o ardour_n you_o must_v oft_o observe_v that_o if_o when_o you_o fallowed_a you_o do_v set_v up_o your_o land_n than_o now_o when_o you_o stir_v you_o must_v cast_v down_o your_o land_n and_o so_o contrary_o if_o before_o you_o do_v cast_v down_o then_o now_o you_o must_v set_v up_o your_o three_o ardour_n which_o be_v call_v of_o husbandman_n winter_n ridgeing_n or_o set_v up_o land_n for_o the_o whole_a year_n you_o shall_v begin_v at_o the_o latter_a end_n of_o september_n and_o you_o must_v ever_o observe_v that_o in_o this_o three_o ardour_n you_o do_v always_o ridge_n up_o your_o land_n that_o be_v to_o say_v you_o most_o turn_v every_o furrow_n upward_o and_o lay_v they_o as_o close_v together_o as_o may_v be_v for_o shall_v you_o do_v otherwise_o that_o be_v to_o say_v either_o lay_v they_o flat_a or_o loose_o the_o winter_n season_n will_v so_o beat_v and_o bake_v they_o together_o that_o when_o you_o shall_v sow_v your_o seed_n you_o will_v hardly_o get_v your_o plough_n into_o the_o ground_n now_o your_o four_o and_o last_o ardour_n which_o must_v be_v when_o you_o sow_v your_o seed_n you_o shall_v begin_v ever_o about_o the_o midst_n of_o march_n at_o least_o one_o week_n before_o our_o lady_n day_n common_o call_v the_o annunciation_n of_o mary_n and_o this_o ardour_n you_o shall_v ever_o plough_v downward_o lay_v your_o ridge_n very_o well_o open_a and_o you_o shall_v ever_o observe_v in_o this_o ardour_n first_o to_o sow_v your_o seed_n and_o then_o after_o to_o plough_v your_o ground_n turn_v your_o seed_n into_o the_o earth_n which_o be_v call_v of_o husband-menâ—_a sow_a underfurrow_n as_o soon_o as_o your_o ground_n be_v plough_v you_o shall_v harrow_v it_o with_o a_o harrow_n who_o tooth_n be_v all_o of_o wood_n for_o these_o simple_a earth_n be_v of_o easy_a temper_n and_o will_n of_o themselves_o fall_v to_o dust_n then_o after_o you_o have_v thus_o sow_v your_o ground_n if_o then_o there_o remain_v any_o clot_n or_o lump_n of_o earth_n unbroken_a you_o shall_v let_v they_o rest_n till_o after_o the_o next_o shower_n of_o rain_n at_o which_o time_n you_o shall_v either_o with_o a_o heavy_a rouler_n or_o the_o backside_n of_o your_o harrow_n run_v over_o your_o land_n which_o be_v call_v the_o slight_v of_o ground_n and_o it_o will_v not_o only_o break_v such_o clot_n to_o dust_n but_o also_o lay_v your_o land_n plain_a and_o smooth_a leave_v no_o impediment_n to_o hinder_v the_o corn_n from_o sprout_v and_o come_v forth_o in_o this_o same_o ardour_n as_o you_o be_v appoint_v for_o this_o black_a clay_n in_o this_o same_o manner_n you_o shall_v ardour_n both_o your_o blue_a clay_n &_o your_o clay_n which_o be_v like_a unto_o marble_n now_o as_o touch_v the_o plough_n which_o be_v fit_a for_o these_o caly_n it_o must_v be_v large_a and_o strong_a the_o beam_n long_o and_o well_o bend_v the_o head_n thick_a and_o large_a the_o ské_v broad_a strong_a and_o well_o slope_v the_o share_n with_o a_o very_a large_a wing_n crave_v much_o earth_n and_o the_o coulter_n long_o thick_a and_o very_o straight_o now_o touch_v those_o sand_n which_o be_v simple_a and_o uncompounded_a you_o shall_v understand_v that_o every_o good_a husbandman_n most_o begin_v his_o first_o ardour_n which_o be_v to_o follow_v they_o at_o the_o begin_n of_o january_n he_o must_v soon_o stirer_v they_o which_o be_v the_o second_o ardour_n at_o the_o latter_a end_n of_o april_n he_o shall_v cast_v they_o down_o again_o which_o be_v call_v foyl_v of_o land_n at_o the_o begin_n of_o july_n which_o be_v the_o three_o ardour_n and_o wherein_o be_v to_o be_v note_v that_o how_o soever_o all_o other_o ardour_n be_v plough_v yet_o this_o must_v ever_o be_v cast_v downward_o the_o four_o ardour_n which_o be_v winter-stirring_a or_o winter-ridgeing_a must_v ever_o begin_v at_o the_o end_n of_o september_n and_o the_o five_o and_o last_o ardour_n must_v be_v perform_v when_o you_o sow_v your_o ground_n which_o will_v be_v at_o the_o midst_n of_o may_n at_o the_o soon_o and_o if_o your_o leisure_n and_o ability_n will_v give_v you_o leave_v if_o you_o turn_v over_o your_o ground_n again_o in_o january_n it_o will_v be_v much_o better_a for_o these_o sand_n can_v never_o have_v too_o much_o plough_v nor_o too_o much_o manure_v and_o therefore_o for_o they_o both_o you_o shall_v apply_v they_o so_o oft_o as_o your_o leisure_n will_v convenient_o serve_v make_v no_o spare_a when_o either_o the_o way_n or_o opportunity_n will_v give_v you_o leave_v now_o for_o as_o much_o as_o all_o sand_n be_v of_o a_o hot_a nature_n be_v the_o fit_a to_o bring_v forth_o rye_n which_o be_v a_o grain_n delight_v in_o dryness_n only_o you_o shall_v understand_v that_o then_o you_o shall_v not_o need_v to_o plough_v your_o ground_n above_o four_o time_n over_o that_o be_v you_o shall_v follow_v summer_n stir_n foil_n and_o in_o september_n sow_v your_o corn_n and_o as_o these_o ardour_n serve_v the_o red_a sand_n so_o be_v they_o sufficient_a for_o your_o white_a sand_n and_o your_o yellow_a sand_n also_o as_o touch_v the_o plough_n fit_a for_o these_o light_a earth_n they_o will_v be_v little_a and_o strong_a have_v a_o short_a slender_a beam_n and_o a_o crooked_a a_o narrow_a and_o thin_a head_n a_o slender_a skéeth_n a_o share_n without_o a_o wing_n a_o coulter_n thin_a and_o very_a crooked_a and_o a_o pair_n of_o hale_v much_o bend_n forward_o towards_o the_o man_n and_o with_o this_o manner_n of_o plough_n you_o may_v plough_v diverse_a mix_v and_o compound_v earth_n as_o the_o black_a clay_n and_o red_a sand_n or_o the_o red_a sand_n and_o white_a gravel_n and_o thus_o much_o as_o touch_v earth_n that_o be_v simple_a and_o uncompounded_a chap._n ii_o of_o the_o manner_n of_o plough_v the_o black_a clay_n mix_v with_o white_a sand_n and_o the_o white_a clay_n mix_v with_o red_a sand_n their_o earring_n plough_n and_o implement_n as_o touch_v the_o miâ—ture_n of_o these_o two_o several_a soil_n that_o be_v to_o say_v the_o black_a clay_n with_o white_a sand_n and_o the_o white_a clay_n with_o red_a sand_n they_o â—iffer_v not_o in_o the_o nature_n of_o plough_v sow_v or_o in_o manure_v from_o the_o soil_n which_o be_v mix_v of_o a_o black_a clay_n and_o red_a sand_n of_o which_o i_o have_v sufficient_o entreat_v before_o only_o thus_o much_o you_o shall_v understand_v that_o the_o black_a clay_n mix_v with_o white_a sand_n be_v so_o much_o better_a and_o rich_a than_o the_o white_a clay_n mix_v with_o red_a sand_n by_o as_o much_o as_o the_o black_a clay_n be_v better_a than_o the_o white_a clay_n and_o although_o some_o husbandman_n in_o our_o land_n hold_v they_o to_o be_v both_o of_o one_o temper_n and_o goodness_n reason_v thus_o that_o by_o how_o much_o the_o black_a clay_n be_v better_a than_o the_o white_a by_o so_o much_o the_o red_a sand_n be_v better_a than_o the_o white_a sand_n so_o that_o what_o the_o mixture_n of_o the_o one_o add_v the_o mixture_n of_o the_o other_o take_v away_o and_o so_o make_v they_o all_o one_o in_o fruitfulness_n and_o goodness_n but_o in_o our_o common_a experience_n it_o do_v not_o so_o fall_v out_o for_o we_o find_v that_o the_o black_a clay_n mix_v with_o white_a sand_n if_o it_o be_v order_v in_o the_o form_n of_o good_a husbandry_n that_o be_v to_o say_v be_v plough_v over_o at_o least_o four_o time_n before_o it_o come_v to_o be_v sow_v and_o that_o it_o be_v manure_v and_o compass_v in_o husbandly_a fashion_n which_o be_v to_o allow_v at_o least_o eight_o waine-load_n to_o a_o acre_n that_o if_o then_o upon_o such_o land_n you_o shall_v sow_v either_o organ_n wheat_n in_o the_o south_n part_v call_v red_a wheat_n or_o flaxen_a or_o white_a
a_o high_a colour_n and_o have_v upon_o they_o a_o very_a thick_a husk_n which_o make_v the_o meal_n somewhat_o brown_a cause_v the_o baker_n not_o all_o together_o to_o esteem_v they_o for_o his_o pure_a manchet_n yet_o the_o yield_v of_o flower_n which_o come_v from_o they_o be_v as_o great_a and_o great_a than_o any_o other_o wheat_n whatsoever_o these_o two_o sort_n of_o wheat_n be_v to_o be_v sow_v upon_o the_o fallow_a field_n as_o crave_v the_o great_a strength_n and_o fatness_n of_o ground_n whence_o it_o come_v that_o they_o be_v most_o common_o see_v to_o grow_v upon_o the_o rich_a and_o stiff_a black_a caly_n be_v a_o grain_n of_o that_o strength_n that_o they_o will_v seldom_o or_o never_o mildew_v or_o turn_v black_a as_o the_o other_o sort_n of_o wheat_n will_v do_v if_o the_o strength_n of_o the_o ground_n be_v not_o abate_v before_o they_o be_v throw_v into_o the_o earth_n now_o for_o the_o choice_n of_o these_o two_o wheat_n if_o you_o be_v compel_v to_o buy_v they_o in_o the_o market_n you_o must_v regard_v that_o you_o buy_v that_o which_o be_v the_o clean_a and_o fair_a be_v utter_o without_o any_o weed_n as_o darnel_n cockle_n tare_n or_o any_o other_o foulness_n whatsoever_o you_o shall_v look_v that_o the_o wheat_n as_o near_o as_o may_v be_v hold_v all_o of_o one_o bigness_n and_o all_o of_o one_o colour_n for_o to_o behold_v it_o contrary_n that_o be_v to_o say_v to_o see_v some_o great_a corn_n some_o little_a some_o high_a colour_a some_o pale_a so_o that_o in_o their_o mixture_n they_o resemble_v changeable_a taffeta_n be_v a_o apparent_a sign_n that_o the_o corn_n be_v not_o of_o one_o kind_n but_o mix_v or_o blend_v as_o be_v partly_o whole-straw_n partly_o pollard_n partly_o organ_n and_o partly_o chelter_v for_o the_o flaxen_a it_o be_v natural_o so_o white_a that_o it_o can_v be_v mix_v but_o it_o may_v easy_o be_v discern_v and_o these_o mix_a seed_n be_v never_o good_a either_o for_o the_o ground_n or_o the_o use_n of_o man_n again_o you_o shall_v careful_o look_v that_o neither_o this_o kind_n of_o wheat_n nor_o any_o other_o that_o you_o buy_v for_o seed_n be_v black_a at_o the_o end_n for_o that_o be_v a_o sign_n that_o the_o grain_n come_v from_o too_o rich_a a_o soil_n be_v mildew_a and_o then_o it_o will_v never_o be_v fruitful_a or_o prove_v good_a seed_n as_o also_o you_o shall_v take_v care_n that_o it_o be_v not_o too_o white_a at_o the_o end_n show_v the_o corn_n to_o be_v as_o it_o be_v of_o two_o colour_n for_o that_o be_v a_o sign_n that_o the_o wheat_n be_v wash_v and_o dry_v again_o which_o utter_o confound_v the_o strength_n of_o the_o corn_n and_o take_v from_o it_o all_o ability_n of_o bring_v forth_o any_o great_a increase_n now_o if_o it_o be_v so_o that_o you_o have_v a_o crop_n of_o wheat_n of_o your_o own_o so_o that_o you_o have_v no_o need_n of_o the_o market_n you_o shall_v then_o pick_v out_o of_o your_o choice_a sheaf_n and_o upon_o a_o clean_a floor_n gentle_o bat_n they_o with_o a_o slaile_n and_o not_o thresh_v they_o clean_o for_o that_o corn_n which_o be_v great_a full_a and_o ripe_a will_v first_o fly_v out_o of_o the_o ear_n and_o when_o you_o have_v so_o batted_a a_o competent_a quantity_n you_o shall_v then_o winnow_v it_o and_o dress_v it_o clean_o both_o by_o the_o help_n of_o a_o strong_a wind_n and_o open_a sive_n and_o so_o make_v it_o fit_a for_o your_o seed_n i_o have_v see_v some_o husband_n and_o true_o i_o have_v account_v they_o both_o good_a and_o careful_a that_o have_v before_o wheat_n seed_n time_n both_o themselves_o wife_n child_n and_o servant_n at_o time_n of_o best_a leisure_n out_o of_o a_o great_a wheat_n mow_v or_o bay_n to_o glean_v or_o pull_v out_o of_o the_o sheaf_n ear_n by_o ear_n the_o most_o principal_a ear_n and_o knit_v they_o up_o in_o small_a bundell_n to_o bat_n they_o and_o make_v their_o seed_n thereof_o and_o questionless_a it_o be_v the_o best_a seed_n of_o all_o other_o for_o you_o shall_v be_v sure_a that_o therein_o can_v be_v nothing_o but_o the_o clean_a and_o the_o best_a of_o the_o corn_n without_o any_o weed_n or_o foulness_n which_o can_v hardly_o be_v when_o a_o man_n thresh_v the_o whole_a sheate_n and_o although_o some_o man_n may_v think_v that_o this_o labour_n be_v great_a and_o troublesome_a especial_o such_o as_o sow_v great_a quantity_n of_o wheat_n yet_o let_v they_o thus_o far_o encourage_v themselves_o that_o if_o they_o do_v the_o first_o year_n but_o glean_v a_o bushel_n or_o two_o which_o be_v nothing_o among_o a_o few_o person_n and_o sow_v it_o up_o on_o good_a land_n the_o increase_n of_o it_o will_v the_o next_o year_n go_v far_o in_o the_o sow_v the_o whole_a crop_n for_o when_o i_o do_v speak_v of_o this_o pick_n of_o wheat_n ear_n by_o ear_n i_o do_v not_o intend_v the_o pick_n of_o many_o quarter_n but_o of_o so_o much_o as_o the_o increase_n thereof_o may_v amount_v to_o some_o quarter_n now_o there_o be_v also_o another_o regard_n to_o be_v have_v as_o available_a as_o any_o of_o the_o former_a in_o choose_v of_o your_o seed_n wheat_n and_o that_o be_v to_o respect_v the_o soil_n from_o whence_o you_o take_v your_o seed_n and_o the_o soil_n into_o which_o you_o put_v it_o as_o thus_o if_o the_o ground_n whereon_o you_o mean_v to_o sow_v your_o wheat_n be_v a_o rich_a black_a clay_n stiff_a and_o full_a of_o fertillitie_n you_o shall_v then_o as_o near_o as_o you_o can_v choose_v your_o seed_n from_o the_o barraine_v mix_v earth_n you_o can_v find_v so_o the_o wheat_n be_v whole-straw_n or_o pollard_n as_o from_o a_o clay_n and_o gravel_n or_o a_o clay_n and_o white_a sand_n that_o your_o seed_n come_v from_o a_o much_o more_o barren_a earth_n then_o that_o wherein_o you_o put_v it_o the_o strength_n may_v be_v as_o it_o be_v redouble_v and_o the_o increase_n consequent_o amount_v to_o a_o high_a quantity_n as_o we_o find_v it_o prove_v in_o our_o daily_a experience_n but_o if_o these_o barren_a soil_n do_v not_o afford_v you_o seed_n to_o your_o contentment_n it_o shall_v not_o then_o be_v amiss_o you_o sow_v your_o wheat_n upon_o fallow_a or_o tilth_n ground_n if_o you_o take_v your_o seed_n wheat_n either_o from_o a_o earth_n of_o like_a nature_n to_o your_o own_o or_o from_o any_o mix_a earth_n so_o that_o such_o seed_n come_v from_o the_o niam_n that_o be_v that_o it_o have_v be_v sow_v after_o pease_n as_o be_v the_o three_o crop_n of_o the_o land_n and_o not_o from_o the_o fallow_a or_o tilth_n ground_n for_o it_o be_v a_o maxiome_n among_o the_o best_a husband_n though_o somewhat_o preposterous_a to_o common_a sense_n bring_v to_o your_o rich_a ground_n seed_n from_o the_o barren_a and_o to_o the_o barren_a seed_n from_o the_o rich_a their_o reason_n take_v from_o their_o experience_n be_v this_o that_o the_o seed_n as_o before_o i_o say_v which_o prosper_v upon_o a_o lean_a ground_n be_v put_v into_o a_o rich_a do_v out_o of_o that_o superfluity_n of_o warmth_n strength_n and_o fatness_n double_v his_o increase_n and_o the_o seed_n which_o come_v from_o the_o fat_a ground_n be_v put_v into_o the_o lean_a have_v all_o the_o vigour_n fullness_n and_o juice_n of_o fertilnes_n do_v not_o only_o defend_v itself_o against_o the_o hungrinesse_n of_o the_o ground_n but_o bring_v forth_o increase_v contrary_a to_o expectation_n whence_o proceed_v this_o general_a custom_n of_o good_a husband_n in_o this_o land_n that_o those_o which_o dwell_v in_o the_o barren_a wood_n land_n heathe_n and_o high_a mountain_n country_n of_o this_o kingdom_n ever_o as_o near_o as_o they_o can_v seek_v out_o their_o seed_n in_o the_o fruitful_a low_a vale_n and_o very_a garden_n of_o the_o earth_n &_o so_o likewise_o those_o in_o the_o vale_n take_v some_o help_v also_o from_o the_o mountain_n now_o for_o your_o other_o sort_n of_o wheat_n that_o be_v to_o say_v the_o white_a pollard_n and_o the_o organ_n they_o be_v grain_n nothing_o so_o great_a full_a and_o large_a as_o the_o whole_a straw_n or_o brown_a pollard_n but_o small_a bright_a and_o very_o thin_o huskt_v your_o organ_n be_v very_o red_a your_o pollard_n somewhat_o pale_a these_o two_o sort_n of_o wheat_n be_v best_a to_o be_v sow_v upon_o the_o or_o four_o field_n that_o be_v to_o say_v after_o your_o pease_n for_o they_o can_v by_o no_o mean_n endure_v a_o over_o rich_a ground_n as_o be_v tender_a and_o apt_a to_o sprout_v with_o small_a moisture_n but_o to_o mildew_v and_o choke_v with_o too_o much_o fatness_n the_o soil_n most_o apt_a for_o they_o be_v mix_v earth_n especial_o the_o black_a clay_n and_o red_a sand_n or_o white_a clay_n and_o red_a sand_n for_o as_o
touch_v other_o mixture_n of_o ground_n they_o be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n so_o barren_a that_o they_o will_v but_o hardly_o bring_v forth_o wheat_n upon_o their_o fallow_a field_n and_o then_o much_o worse_o upon_o a_o four_o field_n now_o for_o any_o other_o particular_a choice_n of_o these_o two_o seed_n they_o be_v the_o same_o which_o i_o show_v in_o the_o whole_a straw_n and_o great_a pollard_n as_o for_o the_o flaxen_a wheat_n and_o chilter_n wheat_n the_o first_o be_v a_o very_a white_a wheat_n both_o inward_a and_o outward_a the_o other_o a_o pale_a red_a or_o deep_a yellow_a they_o be_v the_o least_o of_o all_o sort_n of_o wheat_n yet_o of_o much_o more_o hardness_n and_o toughness_n in_o sprout_v then_o either_o the_o organ_n or_o white_a pollard_n and_o therefore_o desire_v somewhat_o a_o more_o rich_a soil_n and_o to_o that_o end_n they_o be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n sow_v upon_o fallow_a field_n in_o mix_a earth_n of_o what_o nature_n or_o barrainenesse_n soever_o as_o be_v to_o be_v see_v most_o general_o over_o all_o the_o south_n part_n of_o this_o realm_n and_o although_o uncompounded_a sand_n out_o of_o their_o own_o nature_n do_v hardly_o bring_v forth_o any_o wheat_n yet_o upon_o some_o of_o the_o best_a sand_n and_o upon_o the_o flinty_a gravel_n i_o have_v see_v these_o two_o wheat_n grow_v in_o good_a abundance_n but_o be_v seldom_o it_o be_v not_o so_o much_o to_o be_v respect_v after_o your_o wheat_n you_o shall_v make_v choice_n of_o your_o rye_n rye_n of_o which_o there_o be_v not_o diverse_a kind_n although_o it_o carry_v diverse_a complexion_n as_o some_o blackish_a brown_a great_a full_a and_o long_o as_o that_o which_o for_o the_o most_o part_n grow_v upon_o the_o red_a sand_n or_o red_a clay_n which_o be_v three_o part_n red_a sand_n mix_v with_o black_a clay_n and_o be_v the_o best_a rye_n the_o other_o a_o pale_a gray_a rye_n short_a small_a and_o hungry_a as_o that_o which_o grow_v upon_o the_o white_a sand_n or_o white_a clay_n and_o white_a sand_n and_o be_v the_o worst_a rye_n now_o you_o shall_v understand_v that_o your_o sand_n ground_n be_v your_o only_a natural_a ground_n for_o rye_n as_o be_v indeed_o not_o principal_o apt_a for_o any_o other_o grain_n therefore_o when_o you_o choose_v your_o rye_n for_o seed_n you_o shall_v choose_v that_o which_o be_v brown_a full_a bold_a and_o long_a you_o shall_v have_v great_a care_n that_o it_o be_v free_a from_o weed_n or_o filth_n since_o your_o sand_n ground_n out_o of_o their_o own_o natural_a heat_n do_v put_v forth_o such_o store_n of_o naughty_a weed_n that_o except_o a_o man_n be_v extraordinary_o careful_a both_o in_o the_o choice_n and_o dress_n of_o his_o rye_n he_o may_v easy_o be_v deceive_v and_o poison_v his_o ground_n with_o those_o weed_n which_o with_o great_a difficulty_n be_v after_o root_v out_o again_o now_o for_o your_o seed_n to_o each_o soil_n it_o be_v ever_o best_a to_o â—ow_o your_o best_a sundry_n upon_o your_o best_a clay_n ground_n and_o your_o best_a clay-rie_n upon_o your_o best_a sand_n ground_n observe_v ever_o this_o general_a principle_n not_o only_o in_o rye_n but_o even_o in_o wheat_n barley_n pease_n and_o other_o grain_n of_o account_n that_o be_v ever_o once_o in_o three_o year_n to_o change_v all_o your_o seed_n which_o you_o shall_v find_v both_o to_o augment_v your_o increase_n and_o to_o return_v you_o double_a profit_n seede-bar_o now_o for_o the_o choice_n of_o your_o séede-bar_o you_o shall_v understand_v that_o for_o as_o much_o as_o it_o be_v a_o grain_n of_o the_o great_a use_n &_o most_o tenderness_n therefore_o there_o be_v the_o great_a diligence_n to_o be_v use_v in_o the_o election_n thereof_o know_v then_o that_o of_o barley_n there_o be_v diverse_a sort_n as_o namely_o that_o which_o we_o call_v our_o common_a barley_n be_v long_a ear_n with_o two_o rank_n of_o corn_n narrow_a close_a and_o upright_o another_o call_v spike_n or_o batteldore-bar_o be_v a_o large_a ear_n with_o two_o rank_n of_o corn_n broad_a flat_a and_o in_o fashion_n of_o a_o batteldore_n and_o the_o three_o call_v beane-bar_o or_o barley_n big_a be_v a_o large_a fouresquare_a ear_n like_v unto_o a_o ear_n of_o wheat_n of_o these_o three_o barlyes_n the_o â—irst_n be_v most_o in_o use_n as_o be_v most_o apt_a and_o proper_a to_o every_o soil_n whether_o it_o be_v fruitful_a or_o barren_a in_o this_o our_o kingdom_n but_o they_o have_v all_o one_o shape_n colour_n and_o form_n except_o the_o soil_n alter_v they_o only_o the_o spike-bar_o be_v most_o large_a and_o plentiful_a the_o common_a barley_n hard_a and_o apt_a to_o grow_v and_o the_o beane-bar_o least_o pale_a &_o tender_a so_o that_o with_o we_o it_o be_v more_o common_o see_v in_o garden_n then_o in_o field_n although_o in_o other_o country_n as_o in_o france_n ireland_n and_o such_o like_a they_o sow_v no_o other_o barley_n at_o all_o but_o with_o we_o it_o be_v of_o no_o such_o general_a estimation_n and_o therefore_o i_o will_v neither_o give_v it_o precedency_n nor_o speak_v of_o it_o otherwise_o then_o to_o refer_v it_o to_o the_o discreation_n of_o he_o who_o take_v delight_n in_o many_o practice_n but_o for_o the_o common_a barley_n or_o spike-bar_o which_o our_o experience_n find_v to_o be_v excellent_a and_o of_o great_a use_n i_o will_v knit_v they_o in_o one_o and_o write_v my_o full_a opinion_n of_o they_o for_o their_o choice_n in_o our_o seed_n you_o shall_v know_v then_o that_o when_o you_o go_v into_o the_o market_n to_o choose_v barley_n for_o your_o seed_n you_o shall_v to_o your_o best_a power_n elect_v that_o which_o be_v white_a pulle_v and_o round_a be_v as_o the_o ploughman_n call_v it_o a_o full_a hunt_a corn_n like_o the_o nebbe_n or_o beak_n of_o a_o bunting_n you_o shall_v observe_v that_o it_o be_v all_o of_o one_o corn_n and_o not_o mingle_v that_o be_v clay_n barley_n and_o sand_n barley_n together_o which_o you_o shall_v distinguish_v by_o these_o difference_n the_o clay_n barley_n be_v of_o a_o palish_a white_a yellow_a colour_n smooth_a full_a large_a and_o round_o and_o the_o sand_n barley_n be_v of_o a_o deep_a yellow_a brown_a at_o the_o nether_a end_n long_o slender_a and_o as_o it_o be_v wither_a and_o in_o general_n no_o sand_n barley_n be_v principal_a good_a for_o seed_n but_o if_o the_o barley_n be_v somewhat_o of_o a_o high_a colour_n and_o brown_a at_o the_o nether_a end_n yet_o notwithstanding_o be_v very_o full_a bold_a and_o big_a than_o it_o be_v a_o sign_n that_o such_o barley_n come_v not_o from_o the_o sand_n but_o rather_o from_o a_o over_o fat_a soil_n since_o the_o fatness_n of_o the_o earth_n do_v ever_o alter_v the_o complexion_n of_o the_o barley_n for_o the_o white_a barley_n ever_o the_o lean_a soil_n and_o better_a seed_n you_o shall_v also_o observe_v that_o there_o be_v not_o in_o it_o any_o light_a corn_n which_o be_v a_o kind_n of_o hungry_a grain_n without_o substance_n which_o although_o it_o fill_v the_o séeds-mans_n hand_n yet_o it_o deceive_v the_o ground_n and_o this_o light_a corn_n will_v common_o be_v among_o the_o best_a barley_n for_o where_o the_o ground_n be_v so_o rich_a that_o it_o bring_v forth_o the_o barley_n too_o ranke_o there_o the_o corn_n want_v power_n to_o stand_v upon_o root_n fall_v to_o the_o ground_n and_o so_o rob_v of_o kind_o ripen_v bring_v forth_o much_o light_n and_o insufficient_a grain_n next_o this_o you_o shall_v take_v care_n that_o in_o your_o séede-bar_o there_o be_v not_o any_o oat_n for_o although_o they_o be_v in_o this_o case_n among_o husbandman_n account_v the_o best_a of_o weed_n yet_o be_v they_o such_o a_o disgrace_n that_o every_o good_a husband_n will_v most_o diligent_o eschew_v they_o and_o for_o that_o cause_n only_o will_v our_o most_o industrious_a husband_n bestow_v the_o tedious_a labour_n of_o glean_v their_o barley_n ear_n by_o ear_n by_o which_o glean_n in_o a_o year_n or_o two_o they_o will_v compass_v their_o whole_a seed_n which_o must_v infallible_o be_v without_o either_o oat_n or_o any_o weed_n whatsoever_o and_o although_o some_o ground_n especial_o your_o rich_a black_a caly_n will_v out_o of_o the_o abundance_n of_o their_o fruitfulness_n as_o not_o endure_v to_o be_v idle_a bring_v forth_o natural_o a_o certain_a kind_n of_o wild_a oat_n which_o make_v some_o ignorant_a husband_n less_o careful_a of_o their_o seed_n as_o suppose_v that_o those_o wild_a one_o be_v a_o poison_n to_o their_o grain_n but_o they_o be_v infinet_o deceive_v for_o such_o wild_a oat_n wheresoever_o they_o be_v do_v shake_v and_o fall_v away_o long_o before_o the_o barley_n be_v ready_a so_o that_o the_o husbandman_n do_v carry_v of_o they_o nothing_o into_o the_o barn_n but_o the_o straw_n only_o next_o oates_n you_o
must_v be_v careful_a that_o there_o be_v in_o your_o barley_n no_o other_o foul_a weed_n for_o whatsoever_o you_o sow_v you_o must_v look_v for_o the_o increase_n of_o the_o like_a nature_n and_o therefore_o as_o before_o i_o say_v in_o the_o wheat_n so_o in_o the_o barley_n i_o will_v wish_v every_o good_a husband_n to_o employ_v some_o time_n in_o glean_v out_o of_o his_o mow_fw-mi the_o principal_a ear_n of_o barley_n which_o be_v bat_v dress_v and_o sow_v by_o itself_o albeit_o no_o great_a quantity_n at_o the_o first_o yet_o in_o time_n it_o may_v extend_v to_o make_v his_o whole_a seed_n perfect_a and_o then_o he_o shall_v find_v his_o profit_n both_o in_o the_o market_n where_o he_o shall_v for_o every_o use_n sell_v with_o the_o déere_a and_o in_o his_o own_o house_n where_o he_o shall_v find_v his_o yield_v redouble_v now_o for_o fit_v of_o several_a seed_n to_o several_a soil_n you_o shall_v observe_v that_o the_o best_a séede-bar_o for_o your_o clay_n field_n be_v ninam_fw-la barley_n sow_v upon_o the_o clay_n field_n that_o be_v to_o say_v barley_n which_o be_v sow_v where_o barley_n last_o grow_v or_o a_o second_o crop_n of_o barley_n for_o the_o ground_n have_v his_o pride_n abate_v in_o the_o first_o crop_n the_o second_o though_o it_o be_v nothing_o near_o so_o much_o in_o quantity_n yet_o that_o corn_n which_o it_o do_v bring_v forth_o be_v most_o pure_a most_o white_a most_o full_a and_o the_o best_a of_o all_o seed_n whatsoever_o and_o as_o in_o case_n of_o this_o soil_n so_o in_o all_o other_o like_o soil_n which_o do_v hold_v that_o strength_n or_o fruitfulness_n in_o they_o that_o they_o be_v either_o able_a of_o themselves_o or_o with_o some_o help_n of_o manure_n in_o the_o latter_a end_n of_o the_o year_n to_o bring_v forth_o two_o crop_n of_o barley_n one_o after_o the_o other_o but_o if_o either_o your_o soil_n deny_v you_o this_o strength_n or_o the_o distance_n of_o place_n bereane_v you_o of_o the_o commodity_n thereof_o than_o you_o shall_v understand_v that_o barley_n from_o a_o hazel_n ground_n be_v the_o best_a seed_n for_o the_o clay_n ground_n and_o barley_n from_o the_o clay_n ground_n be_v the_o best_a seed_n not_o only_o for_o the_o hazel_n earth_n but_o even_o for_o all_o mix_a earth_n whatsoever_o and_o the_o barley_n which_o proceed_v from_o the_o mix_a earth_n be_v the_o best_a seed_n for_o all_o simple_a and_o uncompounded_a sand_n or_o gravell_n as_o we_o find_v both_o by_o their_o increasing_n and_o daily_a experience_n now_o for_o the_o choice_n of_o séede-beane_n pulse_n pease_n or_o other_o pulse_n the_o scruple_n be_v nothing_o near_o so_o great_a as_o of_o other_o seed_n because_o every_o one_o that_o know_v any_o grain_n can_v distinguish_v they_o when_o he_o see_v they_o beside_o they_o be_v of_o that_o massy_a weight_n and_o so_o well_o able_a to_o endure_v the_o strength_n of_o the_o wind_n that_o they_o be_v easy_a to_o be_v sever_v from_o any_o weed_n or_o filth_n whatsoever_o it_o rest_v therefore_o that_o i_o only_o give_v you_o instruction_n how_o to_o employ_v they_o you_o shall_v understand_v therefore_o that_o if_o your_o soil_n be_v a_o stiff_a black_a rich_a clay_n that_o then_o your_o best_a seed_n be_v clean_a bean_n or_o at_o the_o least_o three_o part_n bean_n and_o but_o one_o part_n pease_n if_o it_o be_v a_o gray_a or_o white_a clay_n than_o bean_n and_o pease_n equal_o mix_v together_o if_o the_o best_a mix_a earth_n as_o a_o black_a clay_n and_o red_a sand_n black_a clay_n and_o white_a sand_n or_o white_a clay_n and_o red_a sand_n than_o your_o seed_n must_v be_v clean_a pease_n only_o if_o it_o be_v white_a clay_n and_o white_a sand_n black_a clay_n and_o black_a sand_n than_o your_o seed_n must_v be_v pease_n and_o fitche_n mix_v together_o but_o if_o it_o be_v gravel_n or_o sand_n simple_a or_o gravel_n and_o sand_n compound_v than_o your_o seed_n must_v be_v either_o clean_a fitche_n clean_a buck_n or_o clean_a tare_n or_o else_o fitche_n buck_n and_o tare_n mix_v together_o now_o to_o conclude_v with_o the_o choice_n of_o your_o oat_n seede-oate_n you_o shall_v understand_v that_o there_o be_v diverse_a kind_n of_o they_o as_o namely_o the_o great_a long_o white_a oat_n the_o great_a long_o black_a oat_n the_o cut_a oat_n and_o the_o skegge_n the_o two_o first_o of_o these_o be_v know_v by_o their_o greatness_n and_o colour_n for_o they_o be_v long_o full_a big_a and_o smooth_a and_o be_v fit_a to_o be_v sow_v upon_o the_o best_a of_o barren_a ground_n for_o since_o oat_n be_v the_o worst_a of_o grain_n i_o will_v give_v they_o no_o other_o priority_n of_o place_n the_o next_o of_o these_o which_o be_v the_o cut_a oat_n it_o be_v of_o a_o pale_a yellow_a colour_n short_a smooth_a and_o thick_a the_o increase_n of_o they_o be_v very_o great_a and_o they_o be_v the_o fit_a to_o be_v sow_v upon_o the_o worst_a of_o best_a ground_n for_o most_o common_o where_o you_o see_v they_o you_o shall_v also_o see_v both_o good_a wheat_n good_a barley_n and_o good_a bean_n and_o pease_n also_o now_o for_o the_o skegge_n oat_n it_o be_v a_o little_a small_a hungry_a lean_a oat_n with_o a_o beard_n at_o the_o small_a end_n like_o a_o wild_a oat_n and_o be_v good_a for_o small_a use_n more_o than_o pullen_n only_o it_o be_v a_o seed_n meet_v for_o the_o barraine_v and_o worst_a earth_n as_o fit_a to_o grow_v but_o there_o where_o nothing_o of_o better_a profit_n will_v grow_v and_o thus_o much_o for_o those_o seed_n which_o be_v apt_a and_o in_o use_n in_o our_o english_a soil_n wherein_o if_o any_o man_n imagine_v i_o guilty_a of_o error_n in_o that_o i_o have_v omit_v particular_o to_o speak_v of_o the_o seed_n of_o blend-corne_n or_o masline_n which_o be_v wheat_n and_o rye_n mix_v together_o i_o answer_v he_o that_o since_o i_o have_v show_v he_o how_o to_o choose_v both_o the_o best_a wheat_n and_o the_o best_a rye_n it_o be_v a_o easy_a matter_n to_o mix_v they_o according_a to_o his_o own_o discretion_n chap._n vi_o of_o the_o time_n of_o harvest_n and_o the_o gather_n in_o of_o corne._n next_o unto_o plough_v it_o be_v necessary_a that_o i_o place_n reap_v since_o it_o be_v the_o end_n hope_v and_o perfection_n of_o the_o labour_n and_o both_o the_o merit_n and_o encouragement_n which_o make_v the_o toil_n both_o light_n and_o portable_a then_o to_o proceed_v unto_o the_o time_n of_o harvest_n you_o shall_v understand_v that_o it_o be_v requisite_a for_o every_o good_a husband_n about_o the_o latter_a end_n of_o july_n if_o the_o soil_n wherein_o he_o live_v be_v of_o any_o hot_a temper_n or_o about_o the_o begin_n of_o august_n if_o it_o be_v of_o temperate_a warmth_n with_o all_o diligence_n constant_o to_o behold_v his_o rye_n which_o of_o all_o grain_n be_v the_o first_o that_o ripen_v and_o if_o he_o shall_v perceive_v that_o the_o hull_n of_o the_o ear_n begin_v to_o open_v and_o that_o the_o black_a top_n of_o the_o corn_n do_v appear_v he_o may_v then_o be_v assure_v that_o the_o corn_n be_v full_o ripe_a and_o ready_a for_o the_o sickle_n so_o that_o instant_o he_o shall_v provide_v his_o reaper_n according_a to_o the_o quantity_n of_o his_o grain_n for_o if_o he_o shall_v neglect_v his_o rye_n but_o one_o day_n more_o than_o be_v fit_a it_o be_v such_o a_o hasty_a grain_n that_o it_o will_v shall_v forth_o of_o the_o husk_n to_o the_o ground_n to_o the_o great_a loss_n of_o the_o husbandman_n when_o he_o have_v provide_v his_o shearer_n which_o he_o shall_v be_v careful_a to_o have_v very_o good_a he_o shall_v then_o look_v that_o neither_o out_o of_o their_o wantonness_n nor_o emulation_n they_o strive_v which_o shall_v go_v fast_o or_o ride_v most_o ground_n for_o from_o thence_o proceed_v many_o error_n in_o their_o work_n as_o namely_o scatter_v and_o leave_v the_o corn_n uncut_a behind_o they_o the_o cut_v the_o head_n of_o the_o corn_n off_o so_o that_o they_o be_v not_o possible_a to_o be_v gather_v and_o many_o such_o like_a incommodity_n but_o let_v they_o go_v sober_o and_o constant_o and_o shear_v the_o rye_n at_o least_o fourteen_o inch_n above_o the_o ground_n then_o he_o must_v look_v that_o the_o gatherer_n which_o follow_v the_o reaper_n do_v also_o gather_v clean_a &_o the_o binder_n bind_v the_o sheaf_n fast_o from_o break_v then_o if_o you_o find_v that_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o sheaf_n be_v full_a of_o gréene_n or_o weed_n it_o shall_v not_o be_v amiss_o to_o let_v the_o sheaf_n lie_v one_o from_o another_o for_o a_o day_n that_o those_o gréene_n may_v wither_v but_o if_o you_o fear_v any_o rain_n or_o foul_a weather_n which_o be_v the_o only_a thing_n which_o make_v rye_n shall_v than_o you_o shall_v
compound_v or_o graft_v plumb_n as_o the_o abricot_n peascod_n peach_n damask_n uerdochyo_n imperial_a and_o such_o like_a from_o who_o kernel_n issue_v no_o other_o tree_n but_o such_o as_o the_o stock_n be_v upon_o which_o they_o be_v graft_v now_o for_o the_o manner_n of_o set_v the_o first_o which_o be_v simple_a and_o uncompounded_a you_o shall_v dig_v up_o a_o large_a bed_n of_o rich_a and_o good_a earth_n a_o month_n or_o more_o before_o march_n or_o november_n and_o have_v make_v the_o mould_n as_o fine_a as_o be_v possible_a you_o shall_v flat-wise_a thrust_v every_o stone_n a_o foot_n one_o from_o another_o more_o than_o three_o finger_n into_o the_o mould_n and_o then_o with_o a_o little_a small_a rake_n make_v for_o the_o purpose_n rake_v the_o bed_n over_o and_o close_o up_o the_o hole_n and_o so_o let_v they_o rest_v till_o they_o be_v of_o a_o year_n groat_n at_o which_o time_n you_o shall_v replant_v they_o into_o several_a border_n as_o you_o do_v your_o apple-trée_n plant_n and_o other_o now_o for_o the_o kernel_n of_o your_o compound_a or_o graft_v plumb_n you_o shall_v both_o set_v they_o in_o bed_n and_o replant_v they_o into_o several_a border_n in_o the_o same_o manner_n as_o you_o do_v the_o other_o kernel_n of_o plumb_n only_o you_o shall_v for_o the_o space_n of_o eight_o and_o forty_o hour_n before_o you_o set_v they_o steep_v they_o in_o new_a milk_n forasmuch_o as_o the_o stone_n of_o they_o be_v more_o hard_a and_o with_o great_a difficulty_n open_a and_o sprout_v in_o the_o earth_n than_o any_o other_o stone_n whatsoever_o and_o thus_o have_v furnish_v your_o nursery_n of_o all_o sort_n of_o fruit_n and_o stock_n you_o shall_v when_o they_o come_v to_o full_a age_n and_o bigness_n graft_v they_o in_o such_o order_n as_o shall_v be_v hereafter_o declare_v chap._n iii_o of_o the_o set_n or_o plant_v of_o the_o cyon_n or_o branch_n of_o most_o sort_n of_o fruit-tree_n as_o you_o be_v to_o furnish_v your_o nursery_n with_o all_o sort_n of_o kernel_n and_o stone_n for_o the_o breed_v of_o stock_n where_o on_o to_o graft_v the_o dainty_a fruit_n you_o can_v compass_v so_o shall_v you_o also_o plant_v therein_o the_o cyon_n and_o branch_n of_o the_o best_a fruit_n tree_n which_o cyon_n and_o branch_n do_v bring_v forth_o the_o same_o fruit_n which_o the_o tree_n do_v from_o whence_o they_o be_v take_v and_o by_o that_o mean_v your_o nursery_n shall_v ever_o afford_v you_o perfect_a tree_n wherewith_o either_o to_o furnish_v your_o own_o ground_n or_o to_o pleasure_v your_o neighbour_n and_o herein_o by_o the_o way_n you_o shall_v understand_v that_o some_o tree_n be_v more_o fit_a to_o be_v set_v then_o to_o be_v sow_v as_o namely_o the_o seruice-trée_n the_o meddler_n the_o filbert_n and_o such_o like_a now_o for_o the_o seruice-trée_n he_o be_v not_o at_o all_o to_o be_v graft_v but_o set_v in_o this_o wise_a take_v of_o the_o bastard_n cyon_n such_o as_o be_v somewhat_o big_a than_o a_o man_n thumb_n and_o cut_v away_o the_o branch_n thereof_o set_v it_o in_o a_o fine_a loose_a mould_n at_o least_o a_o foot_n deep_a and_o it_o will_v prosper_v exceed_o yet_o the_o true_a nature_n of_o this_o tree_n be_v not_o to_o be_v remove_v and_o therefore_o it_o be_v convenient_a that_o it_o be_v plant_v where_o it_o shall_v ever_o continue_v in_o like_a manner_n to_o the_o seruice-tree_n so_o you_o shall_v plant_v the_o bastard_n cyon_n of_o the_o meblar-trée_n either_o in_o march_n or_o october_n and_o at_o the_o wain_n of_o the_o moon_n now_o for_o the_o filbert_n or_o large_a hassell-nut_n you_o shall_v take_v the_o small_a cyon_n or_o wand_n such_o as_o be_v not_o above_o two_o year_n groat_n be_v full_a of_o short_a heavy_a twig_n and_o grow_v from_o the_o root_n of_o the_o main_a tree_n and_o set_v they_o in_o a_o loose_a mould_n a_o foot_n deep_a without_o prune_v or_o cut_v away_o any_o of_o the_o branch_n and_o they_o will_v prosper_v to_o your_o contentment_n now_o for_o all_o sort_n of_o plumbe-trée_n appletrée_n or_o other_o fruit-trée_n which_o be_v not_o graft_v if_o you_o take_v the_o young_a cyon_n which_o grow_v from_o the_o root_n clean_o from_o the_o root_n and_o plant_v they_o either_o in_o the_o spring_n or_o fall_v in_o a_o fresh_a and_o fine_a mould_n they_o will_v not_o only_o prosper_v but_o bring_v forth_o fruit_n of_o like_a nature_n and_o quality_n to_o the_o tree_n from_o whence_o they_o be_v take_v now_o for_o your_o graft_a fruit_n as_o namely_o apple_n plumb_n cherry_n mulberry_n quince_n and_o such_o like_a the_o cyon_n also_o and_o branch_n of_o they_o also_o will_v take_v root_n and_o bring_v forth_o fruit_n of_o the_o same_o kind_n that_o the_o tree_n do_v from_o whence_o they_o be_v takend_v but_o those_o cyon_n or_o branch_n must_v ever_o be_v choose_v from_o the_o upper_a part_n of_o the_o tree_n betwixt_o the_o feast_n of_o all-saint_n and_o christmas_n they_o must_v be_v big_a than_o a_o man_n finger_n smooth_a straight_o and_o without_o twig_n you_o shall_v with_o a_o sharp_a chissell_n cut_v they_o from_o the_o body_n or_o arm_n of_o the_o tree_n with_o such_o care_n that_o by_o no_o mean_n you_o raise_v up_o the_o bark_n and_o then_o with_o a_o little_a yellow_a wax_n cover_v the_o place_n from_o whence_o you_o cut_v the_o cyon_n then_o have_v dig_v and_o dung_v the_o earth_n well_o where_o you_o intend_v to_o plant_v they_o and_o make_v the_o mould_n easy_a you_o shall_v with_o a_o iron_n as_o big_a as_o your_o plant_n make_v a_o hole_n a_o foot_n deep_a or_o better_a and_o then_o put_v in_o your_o cyon_n and_o with_o it_o a_o few_o oat_n long_o stéept_v in_o water_n and_o so_o fix_v it_o firm_a in_o the_o mould_n and_o if_o after_o it_o begin_v to_o put_v forth_o you_o perceive_v any_o young_a cyon_n to_o put_v forth_o from_o the_o root_n thereof_o you_o shall_v immediate_o cut_v they_o off_o &_o either_o cast_v they_o away_o or_o plant_v they_o in_o other_o place_n for_o to_o suffer_v they_o to_o grow_v may_v breed_v much_o hurt_n to_o the_o young_a tree_n now_o where_o as_o these_o cyon_n thus_o plant_v be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n small_a and_o weak_a so_o that_o the_o small_a breath_n of_o wind_n do_v shake_v and_o hurt_v their_o root_n it_o shall_v be_v good_a to_o prick_v strong_a stake_n by_o they_o to_o which_o fasten_v the_o young_a plant_n with_o a_o soft_a hay_n rope_n it_o may_v the_o better_o be_v defend_v from_o storm_n and_o tempest_n next_o to_o these_o fruit-trée_n you_o shall_v understand_v that_o your_o bush-trée_n as_o barberrye_n gooseberry_n or_o feberrye_n raspberrye_n and_o such_o like_a will_v also_o grow_v upon_o cyon_n without_o root_n be_v cut_v from_o their_o main_a root_n in_o november_n &_o so_o plant_v in_o a_o new_a fresh_a mould_n and_o here_o by_o the_o way_n i_o be_o to_o give_v you_o this_o note_n or_o caveat_n that_o if_o at_o any_o time_n you_o find_v any_o of_o these_o cyon_n which_o you_o have_v plant_v not_o to_o grow_v and_o flourish_v according_a to_o your_o desire_n but_o that_o you_o find_v a_o certain_a mislike_n or_o consumption_n in_o the_o plant_n you_o shall_v then_o immediate_o with_o a_o sharp_a knife_n cut_v the_o plant_n off_o slope-wise_a upward_o about_o three_o finger_n from_o the_o ground_n and_o so_o let_v it_o rest_v till_o the_o next_o spring_n at_o which_o time_n you_o shall_v behold_v new_a cyon_n issue_n from_o the_o root_n which_o will_v be_v without_o sickness_n or_o imperfection_n and_o from_o the_o virtue_n of_o this_o experiment_n i_o imagine_v the_o gardener_n of_o ancient_a time_n find_v out_o the_o mean_n to_o get_v young_a cyon_n from_o old_a mulberry-trée_n which_o they_o do_v in_o this_o manner_n first_o you_o must_v take_v some_o of_o the_o great_a arm_n of_o the_o mulberry-trée_n about_o the_o midst_n of_o november_n and_o with_o a_o sharp_a see_v to_o see_v they_o into_o big_a truncheon_n about_o fivetéene_a inch_n long_o and_o then_o dig_v a_o trench_n in_o principal_a good_a earth_n of_o such_o depth_n that_o you_o may_v cover_v the_o truncheon_n be_v set_v up_o on_o end_n with_o manure_n and_o fine_a mould_n each_o truncheon_n be_v a_o foot_n one_o from_o another_o and_o cover_v more_o than_o four_o finger_n above_o the_o wood_n not_o fail_v to_o water_v they_o whensoever_o need_n shall_v require_v and_o to_o preserve_v they_o from_o weed_n and_o filthiness_n within_o less_o than_o a_o year_n space_n you_o shall_v behold_v those_o truncheon_n to_o put_v forth_o young_a cyon_n which_o as_o soon_o as_o they_o come_v to_o any_o groat_n and_o be_v twig_v than_o you_o may_v cut_v they_o from_o the_o stock_n and_o transplant_v they_o where_o you_o please_v only_o the_o truncheon_n you_o shall_v
straitness_n that_o the_o sap_n be_v deny_v passage_n the_o body_n grow_v into_o a_o consumption_n it_o be_v in_o nature_n like_o unto_o that_o disease_n which_o in_o beast_n be_v call_v hidebound_a and_o the_o cure_n be_v thus_o at_o the_o begin_n of_o march_n take_v a_o sharp_a knife_n and_o from_o the_o top_n of_o the_o body_n of_o the_o tree_n to_o the_o very_a root_n draw_v down_o certain_a slit_n or_o incission_n clean_o through_o the_o bark_n unto_o the_o very_a sap_n of_o the_o tree_n round_o about_o the_o tree_n &_o then_o with_o the_o back_n of_o your_o knife_n open_v those_o slit_n and_o anoint_v they_o all_o through_o with_o tar_n and_o in_o short_a space_n it_o will_v give_v liberty_n unto_o the_o tree_n to_o increase_v &_o grow_v this_o disease_n come_v by_o the_o rub_n of_o cattle_n against_o the_o tree_n especial_o swine_n who_o be_v very_a poison_n unto_o all_o plant_n there_o be_v another_o disease_n in_o fruit-trée_n call_v the_o gall_n gall._n and_o it_o eat_v and_o consume_v the_o bark_n quit_v away_o and_o so_o in_o time_n kill_v the_o tree_n the_o cure_n be_v to_o cut_v and_o open_v the_o bark_n which_o you_o see_v infect_v and_o with_o a_o chissell_n to_o take_v away_o all_o that_o be_v foul_a and_o putrefy_a and_o then_o to_o clap_v ox_n dung_n upon_o the_o place_n and_o it_o will_v help_v it_o and_o this_o must_v be_v do_v ever_o in_o winter_n the_o canker_n in_o fruit_n tree_n be_v the_o consumption_n both_o of_o the_o bark_n and_o the_o body_n canker_n &_o it_o come_v either_o by_o the_o drop_n of_o tree_n one_o upon_o another_o or_o else_o when_o some_o hollow_a place_n of_o the_o tree_n retain_v rain_n water_n in_o they_o which_o fret_v through_o the_o bark_n poison_v the_o tree_n the_o cure_n be_v to_o cut_v away_o all_o such_o bough_n as_o by_o drop_v breed_v the_o evil_a and_o if_o the_o hollow_a place_n can_v be_v smooth_a and_o make_v even_o then_o to_o stop_v they_o with_o clay_n wax_n and_o soap-ash_n mix_v together_o if_o the_o bark_n of_o your_o tree_n be_v eat_v with_o worm_n bark_n which_o you_o shall_v perceive_v by_o the_o swell_a of_o the_o bark_n you_o shall_v then_o open_v the_o bark_n and_o lay_v there-upon_o swine_n dung_n sage_a and_o lime_n beat_v together_o and_o bind_v with_o a_o cloth_n fast_o to_o the_o tree_n and_o it_o will_v cure_v it_o or_o wash_v the_o tree_n with_o cowes-pisse_a and_o vinegar_n and_o it_o will_v help_v it_o if_o your_o young_a tree_n be_v trouble_v with_o pismire_n snail_n or_o snail_n which_o be_v very_o noisome_a unto_o they_o you_o shall_v take_v unsleckt_v lime_n and_o soap-ash_n and_o mingle_v they_o with_o wine-lées_a spread_v it_o all_o about_o the_o root_n of_o the_o tree_n so_o infect_v and_o anoint_v the_o body_n of_o the_o tree_n likewise_o therewith_o and_o it_o will_v not_o only_o destroy_v they_o but_o give_v comfort_n to_o the_o tree_n the_o soot_n of_o a_o chimney_n or_o oak_n sawe-dust_n spread_v about_o the_o root_n will_v do_v the_o same_o if_o caterpillar_n do_v annoy_v your_o young_a tree_n earwig_n who_o be_v great_a devourer_n of_o the_o leaf_n and_o young_a bud_n and_o spoiler_n of_o the_o bark_n you_o shall_v if_o it_o be_v in_o the_o summer_n time_n make_v a_o very_a strong_a brine_n of_o water_n and_o salt_n and_o either_o with_o a_o garden_n pump_n place_v in_o a_o tub_n or_o with_o squirt_n which_o have_v many_o hole_n you_o shall_v every_o second_o day_n water_n and_o wash_v your_o tree_n and_o it_o will_v destroy_v they_o because_o the_o caterpillar_n natural_o can_v endure_v moisture_n but_o if_o nevertheless_o you_o see_v they_o do_v continue_v still_o upon_o your_o tree_n in_o winter_n than_o you_o shall_v when_o the_o leaf_n be_v fall_v away_o take_v dankish_a straw_n and_o set_v it_o on_o fire_n smear_v and_o burn_v they_o from_o the_o tree_n and_o you_o shall_v hardly_o ever_o be_v trouble_v with_o they_o again_o upon_o the_o same_o tree_n roll_n of_o hay_n lay_v on_o the_o tree_n will_v gather_v up_o earewigge_n and_o kill_v they_o tree_n if_o your_o tree_n be_v barren_a and_o albeit_o they_o flourish_v and_o spread_v there_o leave_v brave_o yet_o bring_v forth_o no_o fruit_n at_o all_o it_o be_v a_o great_a sickness_n and_o the_o worst_a of_o all_o other_o therefore_o you_o shall_v understand_v it_o proceed_v of_o two_o cause_n first_o of_o two_o much_o fertillitie_n and_o fatness_n of_o the_o ground_n which_o cause_v the_o leaf_n to_o put_v forth_o and_o flourish_v in_o such_o unnatural_a abundance_n that_o all_o such_o sap_n and_o nutriment_n as_o shall_v knit_v and_o bring_v forth_o fruit_n turn_v only_o unto_o leaf_n cyon_n and_o unprofitable_a branch_n which_o you_o shall_v perceive_v both_o by_o the_o abundance_n of_o the_o leaf_n and_o by_o the_o colour_n also_o which_o will_v be_v of_o a_o more_o black_a and_o deep_a green_n and_o of_o much_o large_a proportion_n than_o those_o which_o have_v but_o their_o natural_a and_o proper_a right_n and_o the_o cure_n thereof_o be_v to_o take_v away_o the_o earth_n from_o the_o root_n of_o such_o tree_n and_o fill_v up_o the_o place_n again_o with_o other_o earth_n which_o be_v of_o a_o much_o lean_a substance_n but_o if_o your_o tree_n have_v no_o such_o infirmity_n of_o fatness_n but_o bear_v his_o leaf_n and_o branch_n in_o good_a order_n and_o of_o right_a colour_n and_o yet_o notwithstanding_o be_v barren_a and_o bring_v forth_o little_a or_o no_o fruit_n than_o that_o disease_n spring_v from_o some_o natural_a defect_n in_o the_o tree_n and_o the_o cure_n thereof_o be_v thus_o first_o you_o shall_v unbare_v the_o root_n of_o the_o tree_n and_o then_o note_v which_o be_v the_o great_a and_o princpal_a branch_n of_o all_o the_o root_n you_o shall_v with_o a_o great_a wimble_a boar_n a_o hole_n into_o that_o root_n and_o then_o drive_v a_o pin_n of_o old_a dry_a ash_n into_o the_o same_o for_o oak_n be_v not_o altogether_o so_o good_a and_o then_o cut_v the_o pin_n off_o close_o by_o the_o root_n cover_v all_o the_o head_n of_o the_o pin_n with_o yellow_a wax_n and_o then_o lie_v the_o mould_n upon_o the_o root_n of_o the_o tree_n again_o and_o tread_v it_o hard_a and_o firm_o down_o and_o there_o be_v no_o doubt_n but_o the_o tree_n will_v bear_v the_o year_n follow_v in_o france_n they_o use_v for_o this_o infirmity_n to_o boar_n a_o hole_n in_o the_o body_n of_o the_o tree_n slope-wise_a somewhat_o past_o the_o hart_n and_o to_o fill_v up_o the_o hole_n with_o life_n honey_n and_o rose-water_n mix_v together_o and_o incorporate_v for_o at_o least_o twenty-four_o hour_n and_o then_o to_o stop_v the_o hole_n with_o a_o pin_n of_o the_o one_o wood_n also_o if_o you_o wash_v the_o root_n of_o your_o tree_n in_o the_o drane_z water_n which_o run_v from_o your_o barley_n when_o you_o steep_v it_o m_n for_o alt_z it_o will_v cure_v this_o disease_n of_o barrainenesse_n if_o the_o fruit_n which_o be_v upon_o your_o tree_n be_v of_o a_o bitter_a and_o sooty_a taste_n fruit._n to_o make_v it_o more_o pleasant_a and_o sweet_a you_o shall_v wash_v your_o tree_n all_o over_o with_o swine_n dung_n and_o water_n mix_v together_o &_o to_o the_o root_n of_o the_o tree_n you_o shall_v lay_v earth_n and_o swine_n dung_n mix_v together_o which_o must_v be_v do_v in_o the_o month_n of_o january_n and_o february_n only_o and_o it_o will_v make_v the_o fruit_n taste_v pleasant_o and_o thus_o much_o for_o the_o dress_n and_o preserve_v of_o tree_n chap._n viii_o of_o the_o vine_n and_o of_o his_o order_n for_o as_o much_o as_o the_o nature_n temperature_n and_o climate_n of_o our_o soil_n be_v not_o so_o true_o proper_a and_o agree_v with_o the_o uine_n as_o that_o of_o france_n italy_n spain_n and_o such_o like_a and_o since_o we_o have_v it_o more_o for_o delight_n pleasure_n and_o prospect_n then_o for_o any_o peculyar_fw-mi pofit_n i_o will_v not_o undertake_v monsiver_fw-fr lybault_n painful_a labour_n in_o discribe_v every_o curious_a perfection_n or_o defect_n that_o belong_v thereunto_o as_o if_o it_o be_v the_o only_a jewel_n and_o commodity_n of_o our_o kingdom_n but_o only_o write_v so_o much_o as_o be_v fit_v for_o our_o knowledge_n touch_v the_o maintenance_n increase_n and_o preservation_n thereof_o in_o our_o orchard_n garden_n and_o other_o place_n of_o recreation_n and_o lay_v they_o in_o the_o earth_n slope-wise_a at_o least_o a_o foot_n deep_a leave_v out_o of_o the_o earth_n uncover_v not_o above_o four_o or_o five_o joint_n at_o the_o most_o and_o then_o cover_v they_o with_o good_a earth_n firm_o close_o and_o strong_o have_v regard_n to_o raise_v those_o cyon_n which_o be_v without_o the_o earth_n direct_o upward_o observe_v after_o they_o be_v set_v once_o in_o a_o month_n to_o
and_o other_o character_n i_o have_v show_v in_o a_o former_a chapter_n wherefore_o for_o his_o manner_n of_o plough_v observe_v my_o first_o method_n which_o be_v to_o begin_v with_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o year_n i_o mean_v at_o christmas_n it_o be_v thus_o if_o you_o find_v that_o any_o of_o this_o white_a or_o gray_a clay_n beanes_n lie_v wet_a have_v less_o mixture_n of_o stone_n or_o chalk_v in_o it_o and_o so_o consequent_o be_v more_o tough_a as_o it_o do_v many_o time_n fall_v out_o and_o that_o upon_o such_o land_n that_o year_n you_o be_v to_o sow_v your_o pease_n and_o beanes_n for_o as_o in_o the_o former_a black_a clay_n so_o in_o this_o gray_a clay_n you_o shall_v begin_v with_o your_o pease-earth_n ever_o then_o immediate_o after_o plow-day_n you_o shall_v plough_v up_o such_o ground_n as_o you_o find_v so_o tough_a in_o the_o selfsame_o manner_n as_o you_o do_v plough_v the_o black_a clay_n and_o so_o let_v it_o lie_v to_o bait_v till_o the_o frost_n have_v season_v it_o and_o then_o sow_v it_o according_o but_o if_o you_o have_v no_o such_o tough_a land_n but_o that_o it_o hold_v it_o own_o proper_a nature_n be_v so_o mix_v with_o small_a stone_n and_o chalk_v that_o it_o will_v break_v in_o reasonable_a manner_n than_o you_o shall_v stay_v till_o the_o latter_a end_n of_o january_n at_o what_o time_n if_o the_o weather_n be_v seasonable_a and_o incline_v to_o dryness_n you_o shall_v begin_v to_o plough_v your_o pease-earth_n in_o this_o manner_n first_o you_o shall_v cause_v your_o séedes-man_n to_o sow_v the_o land_n with_o single_a cast_v as_o be_v show_v upon_o the_o black_a clay_n with_o this_o caution_n that_o the_o great_a your_o seed_n be_v that_o be_v the_o more_o bean_n you_o sow_v the_o great_a must_v be_v your_o quantity_n and_o be_v sow_v you_o shall_v bring_v your_o plough_n and_o beginning_n at_o the_o furrow_n of_o the_o land_n you_o shall_v plough_v every_o furrow_n downward_o upon_o the_o pease_n and_o beanes_n which_o be_v call_v sow_v of_o pease_n under_o furrow_n and_o in_o this_o manner_n you_o shall_v sow_v all_o your_o pease_n and_o beanes_n which_o be_v clean_o contrary_a to_o your_o black_a clay_n beside_o whereas_o upon_o the_o stiff_a clay_n it_o be_v convenient_a to_o take_v as_o large_a furrow_n as_o you_o please_v upon_o this_o kind_n of_o gray_a clay_n you_o shall_v take_v as_o small_a furrow_n as_o be_v possible_a now_o the_o reason_n for_o this_o manner_n of_o plough_v your_o pease-earth_n be_v because_o it_o be_v a_o light_a kind_n of_o break_v earth_n so_o that_o shall_v it_o be_v sow_v according_a to_o the_o stiff_a black_a clay_n it_o will_v never_o cover_v your_o pease_n but_o leave_v they_o bare_a both_o to_o be_v destroy_v by_o the_o fowl_n of_o the_o air_n and_o the_o bitterness_n of_o the_o weather_n as_o soon_o as_o your_o pease_n and_o beanes_n be_v rise_v a_o finger_n length_n above_o the_o earth_n then_o if_o you_o find_v that_o any_o of_o your_o land_n do_v lie_v very_o rough_a and_o that_o the_o clod_n be_v great_a it_o shall_v not_o be_v amiss_o to_o take_v a_o pair_n of_o wooden_a harrow_n and_o harrow_v over_o all_o your_o rough_a land_n the_o benefit_n whereof_o be_v this_o that_o it_o will_v both_o break_v the_o hard_a clot_n and_o so_o give_v those_o pease_n leave_v to_o sprout_v through_o the_o earth_n which_o before_o lay_v bind_v in_o and_o drown_v and_o also_o lay_v your_o land_n smooth_a and_o clean_a that_o the_o mower_n when_o they_o come_v to_o mow_v your_o pease_n and_o beanes_n shall_v have_v better_a work_n and_o mow_v they_o with_o more_o ease_n and_o much_o better_a to_o the_o owner_n profit_n for_o you_o must_v understand_v that_o where_o you_o sow_v beanes_n there_o it_o be_v ever_o more_o profit_n to_o mow_v they_o with_o sythes_n then_o to_o reap_v they_o with_o hook_n and_o much_o soon_o and_o with_o less_o charge_n perform_v the_o limitation_n of_o time_n for_o this_o ardour_n of_o ear_n be_v from_o the_o latter_a end_n of_o january_n until_o the_o beginning_n of_o march_n not_o forget_v this_o rule_n that_o to_o sow_v your_o pease_n and_o beanes_n in_o a_o shower_n so_o it_o be_v no_o beat_v rain_n be_v most_o profitable_a because_o they_o as_o wheat_n take_v delight_n in_o a_o fresh_a and_o a_o moist_a mould_n barlâ—y_n after_o the_o begin_n of_o march_n you_o shall_v begin_v to_o sow_v your_o barley_n upon_o that_o ground_n which_o the_o year_n before_o do_v lie_v fallow_a and_o be_v common_o call_v your_o tilth_n or_o fallow_a field_n and_o if_o any_o part_n of_o it_o consist_v of_o stiff_a and_o tough_a ground_n than_o you_o shall_v upon_o such_o ground_n sow_v your_o barley_n under_o furrow_n in_o such_o manner_n and_o fashion_n as_o i_o describe_v unto_o you_o for_o the_o sow_v of_o your_o stiff_a black_a clay_n but_o if_o it_o be_v as_o for_o the_o most_o part_n these_o gray_a and_o white_a caly_n be_v of_o a_o much_o light_a and_o as_o it_o be_v fussie_a temper_n than_o you_o shall_v first_o plough_v your_o land_n upward_o clean_a and_o well_o without_o baâ—kes_n or_o stitche_n and_o have_v so_o plough_v it_o you_o shall_v then_o sow_v it_o with_o barley_n that_o be_v to_o say_v with_o double_a cast_v i_o mean_v bestow_v twice_o so_o many_o cast_v of_o barley_n as_o you_o will_v do_v if_o you_o be_v to_o sow_v it_o with_o pease_n and_o as_o soon_o as_o you_o have_v sow_v your_o barley_n you_o shall_v take_v a_o pair_n of_o wooden_a harrow_n and_o harrow_v it_o as_o small_a as_o be_v possible_a and_o this_o be_v call_v sow_v above_o furrow_n now_o if_o you_o have_v any_o land_n oat_n which_o either_o through_o the_o badness_n of_o the_o soil_n or_o for_o want_n of_o manure_n be_v more_o barren_a and_o hard_o to_o bring_v forth_o then_o general_o the_o rest_n of_o your_o land_n be_v than_o you_o shall_v not_o bestow_v barley_n thereupon_o but_o sow_v it_o with_o oat_n in_o such_o manner_n and_o fashion_n as_o be_v appoint_v for_o the_o sow_v of_o pease_n that_o be_v to_o say_v if_o it_o be_v stiff_a ground_n you_o shall_v sow_v it_o above_o furrow_n if_o it_o be_v light_a ground_n than_o you_o shall_v sow_v it_o under_o furrow_n know_v this_o for_o a_o rule_n that_o the_o barrayn_a ground_n will_v ever_o bear_v indifferent_a oat_n but_o if_o the_o ground_n have_v any_o small_a hart_n than_o it_o will_v bear_v oat_n in_o great_a abundance_n neither_o need_n you_o to_o be_v very_o precise_a for_o the_o oft_o plough_v of_o your_o ground_n before_o you_o sow_v your_o oat_n because_o oat_n will_v grow_v very_o well_o if_o they_o be_v sow_v upon_o reasonable_a ground_n at_o the_o first_o plough_v whence_o it_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o many_o husbandman_n do_v oft_o sow_v their_o oat_n where_o they_o shall_v sow_v their_o pease_n and_o in_o the_o same_o manner_n as_o they_o do_v sow_v their_o pease_n and_o it_o be_v hold_v for_o a_o rule_n of_o good_a husbandry_n also_o because_o if_o the_o ground_n be_v hold_v any_o thing_n casual_a for_o pease_n it_o be_v better_a to_o have_v good_a oat_n then_o naughty_a pease_n beside_o your_o oat_n be_v both_o a_o necessary_a grain_n in_o the_o house_n as_o for_o oatmeal_n for_o the_o pot_n for_o pudding_n and_o such_o like_a and_o also_o for_o the_o stable_n for_o provender_n and_o the_o feed_n of_o all_o manner_n of_o poultry_n the_o time_n for_o sow_v of_o your_o barley_n and_o oates_n be_v from_o the_o first_o of_o march_n till_o the_o first_o of_o april_n observe_v ever_o to_o sow_v your_o oat_n first_o and_o your_o barley_n after_o for_o it_o be_v only_o a_o summer_n grain_n will_v participate_v as_o little_a as_o may_v be_v with_o any_o part_n of_o the_o winter_n fallow_v about_o the_o midst_n of_o april_n you_o shall_v begin_v to_o follow_v that_o part_n of_o your_o ground_n which_o you_o intend_v shall_v take_v rest_n that_o year_n and_o so_o become_v your_o fallow_a or_o tilth-field_n and_o in_o fallow_v this_o gray_a or_o white_a clay_n you_o shall_v observe_v all_o those_o rule_n and_o ceremony_n which_o be_v former_o describe_v for_o the_o fallow_n of_o the_o stiff_a black_a clay_n know_v that_o there_o be_v in_o this_o work_n no_o difference_n between_o the_o black_a clay_n and_o the_o gray_a clay_n but_o both_o to_o be_v plough_v after_o one_o manner_n that_o be_v to_o say_v to_o have_v all_o the_o furrow_n cast_v downward_o and_o the_o ridge_n of_o the_o land_n lay_v large_o open_a and_o of_o a_o good_a depth_n only_o the_o furrow_n which_o you_o turn_v upon_o this_o gray_a clay_n must_v be_v much_o small_a and_o less_o than_o those_o which_o you_o turn_v upon_o your_o stiff_a black_a clay_n because_o this_o earth_n be_v more_o natural_o incline_v to_o bind_v and_o
no_o manure_n more_o excellent_a for_o cold_a barren_a caly_n of_o this_o nature_n the_o pigeon_n dung_n or_o the_o dung_n of_o household_n pullen_n as_o capon_n hen_n chicken_n turkey_n and_o such_o like_a so_o there_o be_v no_o goose-dung_n among_o it_o be_v the_o best_a of_o all_o other_o but_o not_o to_o be_v use_v in_o such_o sort_n as_o the_o other_o manure_n that_o be_v to_o say_v to_o be_v lay_v in_o great_a heap_n upon_o the_o land_n or_o to_o be_v spread_v from_o the_o cart_n upon_o the_o land_n for_o neither_o be_v there_o such_o abundance_n of_o such_o manure_n to_o be_v get_v nor_o if_o there_o be_v it_o will_v not_o be_v hold_v for_o good_a husbandry_n to_o make_v lavish_a havoc_n of_o a_o thing_n so_o precious_a pullen-dung_n you_o shall_v then_o know_v that_o for_o the_o use_n of_o pigeon_n or_o pullen-dung_n it_o be_v thus_o you_o shall_v first_o with_o your_o hand_n break_v it_o as_o small_a as_o may_v be_v and_o then_o put_v it_o into_o the_o hopper_n in_o such_o sort_n as_o you_o put_v your_o corn_n when_o you_o sow_v it_o and_o then_o look_v how_o you_o sow_v your_o corn_n in_o such_o sort_n you_o shall_v sow_v your_o pigeon_n or_o pullen-dung_n which_o do_v you_o shall_v immediate_o put_v your_o barley_n into_o the_o same_o hopper_n and_o so_o sow_v it_o after_o the_o pigeon_n or_o pullen-dung_n by_o which_o you_o be_v to_o understand_v that_o this_o kind_n of_o manure_v be_v to_o be_v use_v only_o in_o séede-time_n and_o at_o no_o other_o season_n this_o manure_n be_v of_o the_o same_o nature_n that_o sheep_n manure_n be_v and_o do_v last_v but_o only_o for_o one_o year_n only_o it_o be_v much_o hot_a as_o be_v in_o the_o great_a extremity_n of_o heat_n now_o if_o it_o happen_v that_o you_o can_v get_v any_o of_o this_o pigeon_n or_o pullen-dung_n because_o it_o be_v scarce_o and_o not_o in_o every_o man_n power_n if_o then_o you_o take_v lime_n and_o sow_v it_o upon_o your_o land_n in_o such_o sort_n as_o be_v before_o say_v of_o the_o pigions-dung_n and_o then_o sow_v your_o corn_n after_o it_o you_o shall_v find_v great_a profit_n to_o come_v thereon_o especial_o in_o cold_a wet_a soil_n such_o as_o for_o the_o most_o part_n these_o gray_a white_a caly_n be_v after_o your_o land_n be_v soil_v wheat_n which_o work_n will_v be_v finish_v by_o the_o midst_n of_o september_n than_o you_o shall_v begin_v to_o sow_v your_o wheat_n rye_n and_o maslin_n which_o in_o all_o thing_n must_v be_v do_v as_o be_v before_o set_v down_o for_o the_o black_a clay_n the_o choice_n of_o seed_n and_o every_o observation_n be_v all_o one_o for_o wheat_n not_o take_v delight_n in_o a_o very_a rich_a ground_n do_v prosper_v best_o upon_o this_o indifferent_a soil_n whence_o it_o come_v that_o in_o these_o gray_a white_a caly_n you_o shall_v for_o the_o most_o part_n see_v more_o wheat_n sow_v then_o any_o other_o grain_n whatsoever_o but_o as_o touch_v your_o rye_n and_o maslin_n that_o ever_o desire_v a_o rich_a ground_n and_o a_o fine_a mould_n and_o therefore_o you_o shall_v make_v choice_n of_o your_o better_a earth_n for_o that_o seed_n and_o also_o observe_v to_o help_v it_o with_o manure_n or_o else_o shéepesâ—folding_a in_o such_o manner_n as_o be_v describe_v in_o the_o former_a chapter_n where_o i_o speak_v of_o the_o sow_v of_o wheat_n rye_n and_o maslin_n as_o soon_o as_o you_o have_v sow_v your_o wheat_n winter-ridging_a rye_n and_o maslin_n you_o shall_v then_o about_o the_o latter_a end_n of_o october_n begin_v to_o winter_n ridge_n or_o set_v up_o your_o land_n for_o the_o whole_a year_n which_o you_o shall_v do_v in_o all_o point_n as_o you_o do_v upon_o the_o black_a clay_n without_o any_o change_n or_o alteration_n and_o the_o limitation_n for_o this_o ardour_n be_v from_o the_o latter_a end_n of_o october_n until_o the_o beginning_n of_o december_n wherein_o your_o year_n work_n be_v make_v perfect_a and_o complete_a now_o you_o shall_v understand_v observation_n that_o although_o i_o have_v in_o this_o general_a sort_n pass_v over_o the_o ardour_n and_o several_a earring_n of_o this_o white_a or_o gray_a clay_n any_o of_o which_o be_v in_o no_o wise_a to_o be_v neglect_v yet_o there_o be_v sundry_a other_o observation_n to_o be_v hold_v of_o the_o careful_a husbandman_n especial_o in_o the_o lay_n of_o his_o land_n as_o thus_o if_o the_o soil_n be_v of_o good_a temper_n fruitful_a dry_a and_o of_o a_o well_o mix_v mould_n not_o be_v subject_a to_o any_o natural_a spring_n or_o cast_v forth_o of_o moisture_n but_o rather_o through_o the_o native_a warmth_n dry_v up_o all_o kind_n of_o flure_n or_o cold_a moisture_n neither_o binâ—ing_n or_o strangle_v the_o seed_n nor_o yet_o hold_v it_o in_o such_o looseness_n that_o it_o lose_v his_o force_n of_o increase_v in_o this_o case_n it_o be_v best_o to_o lay_v your_o land_n flat_a and_o level_a without_o ridge_n or_o furrow_n as_o be_v do_v in_o many_o part_n of_o cambridge-shire_n some_o part_n of_o essex_n and_o some_o part_n of_o hartford-shire_n but_o if_o the_o clay_n be_v fruitful_a and_o of_o good_a temper_n yet_o either_o by_o the_o border_n of_o great_a hill_n the_o overflow_n of_o small_a brook_n or_o some_o other_o casual_a mean_n it_o be_v subject_a to_o much_o wet_a or_o drow_v in_o this_o case_n you_o shall_v lay_v your_o land_n large_a and_o high_a with_o high_a ridge_n and_o deep_a furrow_n as_o general_o you_o see_v in_o lincolnshire_n nottinghamshire_n huntingtonshire_n and_o most_o of_o the_o middle_a shire_n in_o england_n but_o if_o the_o land_n be_v barren_a cold_a wet_a subject_a to_o much_o bind_v and_o do_v bring_v forth_o great_a store_n of_o weed_n than_o you_o shall_v lay_v your_o land_n in_o little_a stitche_n that_o be_v to_o say_v not_o above_o three_o or_o four_o furrow_n at_o the_o most_o together_o as_o be_v general_o see_v in_o middlesex_n hartford-shire_n kent_n and_o surrey_n for_o by_o that_o mean_n neither_o shall_v the_o land_n bind_v and_o choke_v the_o corn_n nor_o shall_v the_o weed_n so_o overrun_v it_o but_o that_o the_o husbandman_n may_v with_o good_a ease_n help_v to_o strengthen_v and_o cleanse_v it_o the_o many_o furrow_n both_o give_v he_o many_o passage_n whereby_o he_o may_v correct_v those_o enormity_n and_o also_o in_o such_o sort_n convey_n away_o the_o water_n and_o other_o moisture_n that_o there_o can_v be_v make_v any_o land_n more_o fruitful_a plough_n now_o to_o speak_v of_o the_o plough_n which_o be_v best_a and_o most_o proper_a for_o this_o gray_a or_o white_a clay_n of_o which_o we_o now_o speak_v you_o shall_v understand_v that_o it_o differ_v exceed_a much_o from_o that_o of_o which_o we_o speak_v concern_v the_o black_a clay_n i_o and_o in_o such_o sort_n that_o there_o be_v but_o small_a alliance_n or_o affinity_n between_o they_o as_o thus_o for_o example_n first_o it_o be_v not_o so_o large_a and_o great_a as_o that_o for_o the_o black_a clay_n for_o the_o head_n thereof_o be_v not_o above_o twenty_o inch_n in_o length_n and_o not_o above_o one_o inch_n and_o a_o half_a in_o thickness_n the_o main_a beam_n thereof_o be_v not_o above_o five_o foot_n long_o &_o the_o rest_n be_v broad_a by_o a_o inch_n and_o more_o than_o that_o for_o the_o black_a clay_n this_o plough_n also_o have_v but_o one_o hale_v &_o that_o be_v only_o the_o left_a hand_n hale_n for_o the_o plough-staffe_n or_o akerstaffe_n serve_v ever_o in_o stead_n of_o the_o right_a hand_n hale_v so_o that_o the_o rough-stave_n be_v fix_v the_o upper_a unto_o the_o shelboard_n and_o the_o nether_a unto_o the_o plough-rest_n as_o for_o your_o better_a understanding_n you_o may_v perceive_v by_o this_o figure_n the_o plough_n with_o one_o hale_n now_o you_o shall_v understand_v that_o the_o especial_a care_n which_o be_v to_o be_v hold_v in_o the_o make_n of_o this_o plough_n be_v that_o it_o be_v wide_a and_o open_a in_o the_o hinder_a part_n that_o it_o may_v turn_v and_o lay_v the_o furrow_n one_o upon_o another_o whereas_o if_o it_o shall_v be_v any_o thing_n straighten_a in_o the_o hinder_a part_n consider_v that_o this_o clay_n natural_o be_v somewhat_o brittle_a of_o itself_o and_o that_o the_o furrow_n which_o you_o plough_n must_v of_o necessity_n be_v very_o narrow_a and_o little_a it_o be_v not_o possible_a so_o to_o lay_v they_o but_o that_o they_o will_v fall_v down_o back_o again_o and_o enforce_v the_o ploughman_n to_o lose_v his_o labour_n also_o you_o shall_v understand_v that_o whereas_o in_o the_o former_a plough_n which_o be_v for_o the_o black_a clay_n you_o may_v turn_v the_o shelboard_n that_o be_v when_o the_o one_o end_n be_v wear_v you_o may_v eftsoon_o turn_v the_o other_o and_o make_v it_o serve_v the_o like_a season_n in_o this_o plough_n
much_o the_o more_o he_o must_v be_v careful_a to_o make_v his_o furrow_n less_o and_o to_o lay_v they_o the_o close_a together_o &_o also_o in_o as_o much_o as_o this_o soil_n through_o his_o natural_a warmth_n and_o temperate_a moisture_n be_v exceed_a apt_a to_o bring_v forth_o much_o weed_n especial_o brake_n ling_n bramble_n and_o such_o like_a therefore_o the_o ploughman_n shall_v be_v very_o careful_a to_o plough_v all_o his_o furrow_n very_o clean_o without_o bauke_n or_o other_o impediment_n by_o which_o may_v be_v engender_v any_o of_o these_o inconvenience_n spring-foyling_a after_o you_o have_v thus_o break_v up_o and_o fallowed_a your_o fallow_a or_o tilth-field_n the_o limitation_n of_o which_o time_n be_v from_o the_o midst_n of_o january_n until_o the_o midst_n of_o february_n you_o shall_v then_o at_o the_o midst_n of_o february_n when_o the_o clayman_n begin_v to_o sow_v their_o bean_n and_o pease_n go_v with_o your_o plough_n into_o your_o other_o fallow-field_n which_o all_o the_o year_n before_o have_v lie_v fallow_a and_o already_o receive_v at_o your_o hand_n at_o least_o four_o several_a ardour_n as_o fallow_v summer-stirring_a foyl_a and_o winter-rigging_a and_o there_o you_o shall_v plough_v all_o that_o field_n over_o the_o five_o time_n which_o be_v call_v the_o spring-foyling_a and_o in_o this_o ardour_n you_o shall_v plough_v all_o your_o land_n upward_o in_o such_o sort_n as_o when_o you_o winter-ridge_n it_o by_o which_o mean_v you_o shall_v plough_v up_o all_o those_o weed_n which_o have_v spring_v forth_o in_o the_o winter_n season_n for_o you_o must_v understand_v that_o in_o these_o light_n hot_a sandy_a soil_n there_o be_v a_o continual_a spring_n though_o not_o of_o good_a fruit_n yet_o of_o weed_n quick_v and_o other_o inconvenience_n for_o it_o be_v a_o rule_n among_o husbandman_n that_o warm_a soil_n be_v never_o idle_a that_o be_v they_o be_v ever_o bring_v forth_o something_a now_o the_o limitation_n for_o this_o ardour_n be_v from_o the_o midst_n of_o february_n until_o the_o midst_n of_o march_n at_o which_o time_n you_o shall_v by_o compare_v former_a experience_n with_o your_o present_a judgement_n take_v into_o your_o consideration_n the_o state_n goodness_n and_o powerfulnesse_n of_o your_o land_n i_o mean_v especial_o of_o this_o fallow-field_n which_o have_v lie_v fallow_a the_o year_n before_o and_o have_v now_o receive_v five_o ardour_n and_o if_o you_o find_v any_o part_n of_o it_o either_o for_o want_v of_o good_a ordor_v in_o former_a time_n or_o for_o want_n of_o manure_n in_o the_o present_a year_n to_o be_v grow_v to_o lean_v and_o out_o of_o hart_n that_o you_o fear_v it_o have_v not_o strength_n enough_o to_o bear_v barley_n you_o shall_v then_o at_o this_o time_n be_v the_o midst_n of_o march_n sow_v such_o land_n with_o rye_n which_o of_o husbandman_n be_v call_v the_o sow_v of_o march-rye_n march-rye_n and_o this_o rye_n be_v to_o be_v sow_v and_o harrow_v in_o such_o sort_n as_o you_o do_v sow_v it_o upon_o the_o clay_n soil_v that_o be_v to_o say_v above_o furrow_n and_o not_o under_o furrow_n except_o the_o land_n be_v very_o full_a of_o quick_v that_o be_v of_o brake_n ling_n bramble_n docke_n or_o such_o like_a and_o then_o you_o shall_v first_o with_o a_o pair_n of_o iron_n harrow_n that_o be_v with_o harrow_n that_o have_v iron_n tooth_n first_o of_o all_o harrow_n the_o land_n over_o and_o by_o that_o mean_n tear_v up_o by_o the_o root_n all_o those_o quick_v and_o so_o bring_v they_o from_o the_o land_n which_o do_v you_o shall_v sow_v the_o land_n over_o with_o rye_n and_o then_o plough_v it_o downward_o which_o be_v under_o furrow_n &_o as_o soon_o as_o it_o be_v plough_v you_o shall_v then_o with_o a_o pair_n of_o iron_n harrow_n harrow_v it_o all_o over_o so_o exceed_o that_o the_o mould_n may_v be_v make_v as_o fine_a and_o the_o land_n lie_v as_o smooth_a as_o be_v possible_a harrow_n now_o because_o i_o have_v in_o the_o former_a chapter_n speak_v of_o harrow_n and_o harrow_n yet_o have_v not_o deliver_v unto_o you_o the_o shape_n and_o proportion_n thereof_o and_o because_o both_o the_o wooden_a harrow_n and_o the_o iron_n harrow_v have_v all_o one_o shape_n and_o differ_v in_o nothing_o but_o the_o tooth_n only_o i_o think_v it_o not_o amiss_o before_o i_o proceed_v any_o further_a to_o show_v you_o in_o this_o figure_n the_o true_a shape_n of_o a_o right_a harrow_n the_o harrow_n the_o part_n of_o this_o harrow_n consist_v of_o bull_n staff_n and_o tooth_n of_o bull_n which_o be_v broad_a thick_a piece_n either_o of_o well_o season_a willow_n or_o sallow_a be_v at_o least_o three_o inch_n every_o way_n square_a into_o which_o be_v fasten_v the_o tooth_n of_o staff_n which_o be_v round_a piece_n of_o well_o season_a ash_n be_v about_o two_o inch_n and_o a_o half_a about_o which_o go_v through_o the_o bull_n hold_v the_o bull_n firm_o in_o equal_a distance_n one_o from_o the_o other_o and_o of_o tooth_n which_o be_v either_o long_a pin_n of_o wood_n or_o iron_n be_v at_o least_o five_o inch_n in_o length_n which_o be_v make_v fast_o and_o set_v slope-wise_a through_o the_o bull_n now_o you_o shall_v understand_v that_o harrow_n be_v of_o two_o kind_n harrow_n that_o be_v single_a and_o double_a the_o single_a harrow_n be_v call_v of_o husbandman_n the_o horse-harrow_n and_o be_v not_o above_o four_o foot_n square_a the_o double_a harrow_n be_v call_v the_o oxe-harrow_n and_o it_o must_v be_v at_o least_o seven_o foot_n square_a and_o the_o tooth_n must_v ever_o be_v of_o iron_n now_o whereas_o i_o speak_v of_o the_o horse-harrow_n and_o the_o oxe-harrow_n it_o be_v to_o be_v understand_v that_o the_o single_a harrow_n do_v belong_v to_o the_o horse_n because_o horse_n draw_v single_a do_v draw_v each_o a_o several_a harrow_n by_o himself_o albeit_o in_o the_o common_a use_n of_o harrow_n we_o couple_v two_o horse_n ever_o together_o and_o so_o make_v they_o draw_v two_o single_a harrow_n but_o ox_n not_o be_v in_o good_a husbandry_n to_o be_v separate_v because_o ever_o two_o must_v draw_v in_o one_o yoke_n therefore_o be_v the_o double_a harrow_n devise_v contain_v in_o substance_n and_o work_n as_o much_o as_o two_o single_a harrow_n now_o for_o the_o use_n of_o harrow_n harrow_n the_o wooden_a harrow_n which_o be_v the_o harrow_n with_o wooden_a tooth_n be_v ever_o to_o be_v use_v upon_o clay_n ground_n and_o light_a ground_n which_o through_o dryness_n do_v grow_v loose_a and_o fall_v to_o mould_n of_o it_o own_o nature_n as_o most_o common_o sand_n ground_n do_v also_o and_o the_o iron_n harrow_n which_o be_v the_o harrow_n with_o iron_n tooth_n be_v ever_o to_o be_v use_v upon_o bind_v ground_n such_o as_o through_o dryness_n grow_v so_o hard_o that_o they_o will_v not_o be_v sunder_v and_o through_o wet_a turn_n soon_o to_o mire_n and_o loose_a dirt_n now_o whereas_o there_o be_v mingle_v earth_n which_o neither_o willing_o yield_v to_o mould_n nor_o yet_o bind_v so_o sore_o but_o small_a industry_n break_v it_o of_o which_o earth_n i_o shall_v speak_v hereafter_o to_o such_o ground_n the_o best_a husband_n use_v a_o mixture_n that_o be_v to_o say_v one_o wooden_a harrow_n and_o one_o iron_n harrow_n that_o the_o wooden_a harrow_n turn_v over_o and_o loosen_a the_o loose_a mould_n the_o iron_n harrow_n come_v after_o may_v break_v the_o stiff_a clot_n and_o so_o consequent_o turn_v all_o the_o earth_n to_o a_o fine_a mould_n and_o thus_o much_o for_o harrow_n now_o to_o return_v to_o my_o former_a purpose_n touch_v the_o tillage_n of_o this_o red_a sand_n pulse_n if_o as_o before_o i_o say_v you_o find_v any_o part_n of_o your_o fallow-field_n too_o weak_a to_o bear_v barley_n then_o be_v your_o march-rye_n a_o grain_n which_o will_v take_v upon_o a_o hard_a earth_n but_o if_o the_o ground_n be_v too_o weak_a either_o for_o barley_n or_o rye_n for_o both_o those_o seed_n desire_v some_o fatness_n of_o ground_n then_o shall_v you_o spare_v plough_v it_o at_o all_o until_o this_o time_n of_o the_o year_n which_o be_v mid-march_n and_o then_o you_o shall_v plough_v it_o lupin_n and_o sow_v it_o with_o either_o the_o small_a pease_n you_o can_v get_v or_o else_o with_o our_o true_a english_a fitche_n which_o by_o foreign_a author_n be_v call_v lentles_a that_o be_v white_a fitche_n or_o lupin_n which_o be_v red_a fitche_n for_o all_o these_o three_o sort_n of_o pulse_n will_v grow_v upon_o very_o barren_a soil_n and_o in_o their_o growth_n do_v manure_v and_o make_v rich_a the_o ground_n yet_o your_o pease_n desire_v some_o hart_n of_o ground_n your_o lentles_a or_o white_a fitche_n less_o and_o your_o lupin_n or_o red_a fitche_n the_o least_o of_o all_o as_o be_v apt_a to_o grow_v upon_o the_o barraine_v soil_n so_o likewise_o your_o
cut_v up_o all_o such_o weed_n clean_o although_o both_o your_o share_n and_o coulture_n miss_v they_o you_o shall_v have_v the_o rest_n of_o your_o plough_n in_o the_o under_o part_n which_o stroke_n alongst_o the_o earth_n fill_v all_o full_a of_o drag_n of_o iron_n that_o be_v of_o old_a crooked_a nail_n or_o great_a tenterhooks_n such_o as_o upon_o the_o put_n down_o of_o your_o right_a hand_n when_o you_o come_v near_o a_o weed_n shall_v catch_v hold_v thereof_o and_o tear_v it_o up_o by_o the_o root_n as_o at_o this_o day_n be_v use_v be_v many_o particular_a husband_n in_o this_o kingdom_n who_o care_n skill_n and_o industry_n be_v not_o inferior_a to_o the_o best_a whatsoever_o about_o the_o midst_n of_o september_n rye_n you_o shall_v begin_v to_o sow_v your_o wheat_n and_o rye_n upon_o your_o fallow_a field_n which_o grain_n upon_o this_o soil_n be_v to_o be_v reckon_v the_o most_o principal_a and_o you_o shall_v sow_v it_o in_o the_o same_o manner_n that_o be_v describe_v in_o the_o former_a chapter_n wherein_o your_o especiall_a ear_n be_v the_o choice_n of_o your_o seed_n seed_n for_o in_o this_o soil_n your_o whole-straw_n wheat_n nor_o your_o great_a pollard_n take_v any_o delight_n neither_o your_o organ_n for_o all_o those_o three_o must_v have_v a_o firm_a and_o astrong_a mould_n but_o your_o chilter-wheate_n your_o flaxen-wheate_n your_o white-pollard_a and_o your_o red-wheate_n which_o be_v the_o wheat_n which_o yield_v the_o pure_a and_o fine_a meal_n although_o they_o grow_v not_o in_o so_o great_a abundance_n be_v the_o seed_n which_o be_v most_o proper_a and_o natural_a for_o this_o soil_n as_o for_o rye_n or_o maslin_n according_a to_o the_o goodness_n of_o the_o ground_n so_o you_o shall_v bestow_v your_o seed_n for_o it_o be_v a_o general_a rule_n that_o wheresoever_o your_o wheat_n grow_v there_o will_v ever_o rye_n grow_v but_o rye_n will_v many_o time_n grow_v where_o wheat_n will_v not_o prosper_v and_o therefore_o for_o the_o sow_v of_o your_o rye_n it_o must_v be_v according_a to_o the_o temper_n of_o the_o earth_n and_o the_o necessity_n of_o your_o household_n for_o wheat_n be_v a_o rich_a grain_n than_o rye_n if_o you_o be_v assure_v that_o your_o ground_n will_v bear_v wheat_n well_o it_o be_v small_a husbandry_n to_o sow_v more_o rye_n or_o maslin_n then_o for_o your_o house_n but_o if_o it_o be_v too_o hot_a for_o wheat_n and_o kind_o for_o rye_n than_o it_o be_v better_a to_o have_v good_a rye_n then_o ill_a wheat_n now_o for_o the_o sow_v of_o your_o rye_n or_o maslin_n in_o this_o soil_n it_o differ_v nothing_o from_o the_o former_a soil_n either_o in_o plough_v or_o any_o other_o observation_n that_o be_v to_o say_v it_o must_v be_v plough_v above_o furrow_n for_o rye_n be_v the_o most_o tender_a grain_n it_o can_v neither_o abide_v the_o weight_n of_o earth_n nor_o yet_o moisture_n the_o one_o as_o it_o be_v bury_v and_o the_o other_o drown_v the_o vigour_n and_o strength_n of_o the_o seed_n about_o the_o begin_n of_o november_n you_o shall_v winter-ridge_n your_o fallow_a field_n winter-ridging_a i_o mean_v that_o part_n which_o you_o do_v preserve_v for_o barley_n for_o the_o other_o part_n be_v furnish_v with_o seed_n and_o this_o winter-ridging_a differ_v nothing_o from_o the_o winter_n ridge_n of_o other_o soil_n only_o you_o shall_v a_o little_a more_o precise_o observe_v to_o set_v up_o your_o land_n more_o straight_o and_o high_a then_o in_o other_o soil_n both_o to_o defend_v they_o from_o wet_a which_o this_o soil_n be_v much_o subject_n unto_o because_o common_o some_o great_a river_n be_v near_o it_o and_o also_o for_o the_o preserve_n of_o the_o strength_n and_o goodness_n of_o the_o manure_n within_o the_o land_n which_o by_o lie_v open_a and_o unclosed_a will_v soon_o be_v wash_v forth_o and_o consume_v water-furrowe_n now_o since_o i_o have_v here_o occasion_n so_o speak_v something_o of_o the_o drain_n of_o land_n and_o the_o keep_v of_o they_o from_o the_o annoyance_n of_o superfluous_a wet_a whether_o it_o be_v by_o inundation_n or_o otherwise_o you_o shall_v understand_v that_o it_o be_v the_o especial_a office_n and_o duty_n of_o every_o good_a husbandman_n not_o only_o in_o this_o soil_n but_o in_o all_o other_o whatsoever_o to_o have_v a_o principal_a respect_n to_o the_o keep_v of_o his_o land_n dry_a and_o to_o that_o end_n he_o shall_v diligent_o as_o soon_o as_o he_o have_v winter-rigged_n his_o land_n take_v a_o careful_a view_n how_o his_o land_n lie_v which_o way_n the_o descent_n go_v from_o whence_o annoyance_n of_o water_n may_v possible_o come_v and_o so_o consequent_o from_o those_o observation_n with_o a_o spade_n or_o strong_a plough_n of_o extraordinary_a greatness_n draw_v certain_a deep_a furrow_n from_o descent_n unto_o descent_n by_o which_o mean_v all_o the_o water_n may_v be_v convey_v from_o his_o land_n either_o into_o some_o common_a sewer_n lake_n brooke_n or_o other_o main_a river_n and_o to_o this_o end_n it_o be_v both_o a_o rule_n in_o the_o common_a law_n of_o our_o land_n and_o a_o laudable_a custom_n in_o the_o commonwealth_n of_o every_o town_n that_o for_o as_o much_o as_o many_o town_n have_v their_o land_n lie_v in_o common_a that_o be_v to_o say_v mix_v neighbour_n with_o neighbour_n few_o or_o none_o have_v above_o two_o or_o three_o land_n at_o the_o most_o lie_v together_o in_o one_o place_n therefore_o every_o man_n shall_v join_v and_o make_v their_o water-furrowe_n one_o from_o another_o until_o such_o time_n as_o the_o water_n be_v convey_v into_o some_o common_a issue_n as_o well_o he_o who_o land_n lie_v without_o all_o danger_n as_o he_o that_o be_v trouble_v with_o the_o great_a annoyance_n and_o herein_o every_o one_o shall_v bear_v his_o particular_a charge_n which_o be_v a_o act_n of_o great_a virtue_n and_o goodness_n plough_n now_o for_o the_o plough_n which_o be_v to_o plough_v this_o white_a sand_n it_o do_v differ_v nothing_o in_o size_n proportion_n and_o use_v of_o handle_v from_o the_o plough_n describe_v for_o the_o red_a sand_n only_o it_o have_v one_o addition_n more_o that_o be_v to_o say_v at_o the_o further_a end_n of_o the_o main_a beam_n of_o the_o plough_n where_o you_o fire_v your_o plough-foote_n there_o you_o shall_v place_v a_o little_a pair_n of_o round_a wheel_n which_o bear_v the_o beam_n upon_o a_o loose_a move_a axletree_n be_v just_a the_o length_n of_o two_o furrow_n and_o no_o more_o do_v so_o certain_o guide_v the_o plough_n in_o his_o true_a furrow_n that_o it_o can_v neither_o lose_v the_o land_n by_o swerve_v as_o in_o these_o light_n soil_v every_o plough_n be_v apt_a to_o do_v nor_o take_v too_o much_o land_n either_o by_o the_o greediness_n of_o the_o plough_n or_o sharpness_n of_o the_o iron_n neither_o can_v it_o drown_v through_o the_o easy_a lightness_n of_o the_o earth_n nor_o run_v too_o shallow_a through_o the_o fussinesse_n of_o the_o mould_n but_o the_o wheel_n be_v make_v of_o a_o true_a proportion_n which_o shall_v not_o be_v above_o twelve_o inch_n from_o the_o centre_n the_o plough_n with_o a_o reasonable_a hand_n of_o government_n shall_v run_v in_o a_o direct_a and_o even_a furrow_n the_o proportion_n of_o which_o plough_n be_v contain_v in_o this_o figure_n the_o plough_n with_o wheel_n this_o plough_n of_o all_o other_o i_o hold_v to_o be_v most_o ancient_a and_o as_o be_v the_o model_n of_o the_o first_o invention_n and_o at_o this_o day_n be_v preserve_v both_o in_o france_n germany_n &_o italy_n and_o no_o other_o proportion_n of_o plough_n know_v both_o as_o we_o perceive_v by_o our_o experience_n in_o see_v they_o plough_n &_o also_o by_o read_v of_o their_o write_n for_o neither_o in_o virgil_n columella_n xenophon_n nor_o any_o old_a writer_n nor_o in_o heresbachius_n steven_n nor_o libault_n be_v late_a writer_n find_v we_o any_o other_o plough_v bequeath_v unto_o our_o memory_n yet_o it_o be_v most_o certain_a that_o in_o many_o of_o our_o english_a soil_n this_o plough_n be_v of_o little_a profit_n as_o we_o find_v by_o daily_a experience_n both_o in_o our_o caly_n and_o many_o of_o our_o mix_a earth_n for_o in_o truth_n this_o plough_n be_v but_o only_o for_o light_n sandy_a or_o gravel_o soil_v as_o for_o the_o most_o part_n these_o foreign_a country_n be_v especial_o about_o the_o sea-coast_n or_o the_o border_n of_o great_a city_n from_o whence_o these_o writer_n most_o general_o take_v the_o precedent_n for_o their_o write_n now_o for_o the_o part_n of_o this_o plough_n it_o consist_v of_o the_o same_o member_n which_o the_o former_a plough_n do_v only_o that_o in_o stead_n of_o the_o plough-foote_n it_o have_v a_o pair_n of_o wheel_n it_o have_v also_o but_o one_o hale_n in_o such_o sort_n as_o the_o plough_n for_o the_o gray_a or_o white_a clay_n
the_o beam_n also_o of_o this_o plough_n be_v much_o more_o straight_o than_o the_o former_a by_o which_o mean_v the_o skeath_n be_v not_o full_a so_o long_o plough-iron_n the_o iron_n belong_v unto_o this_o plough_n be_v of_o the_o fashion_n of_o the_o former_a iron_n only_o they_o be_v somewhat_o less_o that_o be_v to_o say_v the_o coulture_n be_v not_o so_o long_o neither_o so_o full_o bend_v as_o that_o for_o the_o red_a sand_n nor_o so_o straight_o as_o that_o for_o the_o black_a clay_n but_o as_o it_o be_v hold_v a_o mean_a between_o both_o so_o likewise_o the_o share_n be_v not_o full_o so_o broad_a as_o that_o for_o the_o red_a sand_n nor_o so_o narrow_a as_o that_o for_o the_o gray_a clay_n but_o hold_v as_o it_o be_v a_o middle_a size_n between_o both_o somewhat_o lean_v in_o proportion_n to_o the_o shape_n of_o that_o for_o the_o black_a clay_n as_o for_o the_o plough-slip_a plough-clout_n and_o other_o implement_n which_o be_v to_o defend_v the_o wood_n from_o the_o hardness_n of_o the_o earth_n they_o be_v the_o same_o and_o in_o the_o same_o wise_a to_o be_v use_v as_o those_o for_o the_o red_a sand._n draught_n now_o for_o the_o draught_n or_o team_n which_o draw_v this_o plough_n they_o be_v as_o in_o all_o other_o draught_n ox_n or_o horse_n but_o for_o the_o number_n thereof_o they_o differ_v much_o from_o those_o which_o be_v former_o write_v of_o for_o you_o shall_v understand_v that_o in_o this_o white_a sandy_a soil_n which_o be_v of_o all_o soil_v the_o light_a either_o two_o good_a horse_n or_o two_o good_a ox_n be_v a_o number_n sufficient_a to_o plough_v any_o ardour_n upon_o this_o soil_n whatsoever_o as_o by_o daily_a experience_n we_o may_v see_v in_o those_o country_n who_o soil_n consist_v of_o this_o white_a light_n sand_n of_o which_o we_o have_v now_o write_v neither_o shall_v the_o ploughman_n upon_o this_o soil_n need_v any_o person_n to_o drive_v or_o order_v his_o plough_n more_o than_o himself_o for_o the_o soil_n be_v so_o light_a and_o easy_a to_o cut_v the_o plough_n so_o nimble_a and_o the_o cattle_n so_o few_o and_o so_o near_o he_o have_v ever_o his_o right_a hand_n at_o liberty_n because_o his_o plough_n have_v but_o only_o a_o left_a hand_n hale_n he_o have_v liberty_n ever_o to_o carry_v a_o goad_n or_o whip_n in_o his_o right_a hand_n to_o quicken_v and_o set_v forward_o his_o cattle_n and_o also_o a_o line_n which_o be_v fasten_v to_o the_o head_n of_o the_o beast_n he_o may_v with_o it_o ever_o when_o he_o come_v to_o the_o land_n end_n stop_v they_o and_o turn_v they_o upon_o which_o hand_n he_o please_v and_o thus_o much_o for_o the_o tillage_n and_o order_n of_o this_o white_a sand._n chap._n ix_o the_o manner_n of_o plough_v the_o gravel_n with_o bible_n stone_n or_o the_o gravel_n with_o flint_n their_o earring_n plough_n and_o implement_n have_v in_o the_o plain_a manner_n i_o can_v write_v sufficient_o already_o of_o the_o four_o simple_a and_o uncompounded_a soil_n to_o wit_n two_o clayes_n black_a and_o gray_a and_o two_o sand_n red_z and_o white_a it_o now_o rest_v that_o i_o also_o give_v you_o some_o perfect_a touch_n or_o taste_v of_o the_o mix_v or_o compound_v soil_n as_o namely_o the_o gravel_n which_o be_v a_o kind_n of_o hard_a sand_n clay_n and_o stone_n mix_v together_o and_o of_o gravel_n there_o be_v two_o kind_n that_o be_v to_o say_v one_o that_o be_v mix_v with_o little_a small_a bible_n stone_n as_o in_o many_o part_n of_o middlesex_n kent_n and_o surry_n and_o the_o gravel_n mix_v with_o broad_a flint_n as_o in_o many_o part_n of_o hartford-shire_n essex_n and_o sundry_a such_o place_n these_o gravel_n be_v both_o in_o general_a subject_a to_o much_o barrainnesse_n espcial_o if_o they_o be_v accompany_v with_o any_o extraordinary_a moisture_n yet_o with_o the_o good_a labour_n of_o plough_v and_o with_o the_o cost_n of_o much_o manure_n they_o be_v bring_v to_o reasonable_a fruitfulness_n where_o it_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o the_o ploughman_n which_o be_v master_n of_o such_o a_o soil_n if_o either_o he_o live_v not_o near_o some_o city_n or_o market-town_n where_o great_a store_n of_o manure_n by_o the_o concourse_n of_o people_n be_v daily_o breed_v and_o so_o consequent_o be_v very_o cheap_a or_o else_o have_v not_o in_o his_o own_o store_n and_o breed_v mean_v to_o raise_v good_a store_n of_o manure_n he_o shall_v seldom_o thrive_v and_o prosper_v thereupon_o now_o although_o in_o these_o gravel_n soil_v there_o be_v a_o diversity_n of_o mixture_n as_o the_o one_o mingle_v with_o small_a pebble_n which_o indeed_o be_v the_o worst_a mixture_n the_o other_o with_o broad_a flint_n which_o be_v the_o better_a sign_n of_o fruitfulness_n yet_o in_o their_o order_n of_o tillage_n or_o earring_n in_o their_o wee_n and_o cleanse_v and_o in_o all_o other_o ardour_n and_o observation_n they_o differ_v nothing_o at_o all_o the_o beginning_n and_o end_v of_o each_o several_a work_n be_v all_o one_o now_o for_o the_o manner_n of_o work_n belong_v unto_o these_o two_o soil_n it_o alter_v in_o no_o respect_n nor_o observation_n either_o in_o plough_n plough_v manure_a weed_n or_o any_o other_o thing_n whatsoever_o from_o that_o of_o the_o white_a sand_n the_o same_o time_n of_o the_o year_n the_o same_o seed_n and_o the_o same_o earring_n be_v ever_o to_o be_v obseruedâ—_n wherefore_o at_o shall_v 〈…〉_z to_o write_v so_o ample_o of_o these_o soil_v as_o of_o the_o other_o because_o be_v all_o one_o with_o the_o white_a sand_n without_o alteration_n it_o be_v but_o to_o write_v one_o thing_n twice_o and_o therefore_o i_o refer_v the_o reader_n to_o the_o former_a chapter_n and_o also_o the_o husbandman_n that_o shall_v live_v upon_o either_o of_o these_o soil_n only_o with_o these_o few_o caveat_n first_o that_o for_o the_o lay_v his_o land_n he_o shall_v lay_v they_o in_o little_a small_a stitch_n that_o be_v not_o have_v above_o four_o furrow_n lay_v together_o as_o it_o be_v for_o one_o land_n in_o such_o sort_n as_o you_o see_v in_o hartford-shire_n essex_n middlesex_n kent_n and_o surry_n for_o this_o soil_n be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n subject_n to_o much_o moisture_n and_o hardness_n if_o it_o shall_v be_v lay_v in_o great_a land_n according_a to_o the_o manner_n of_o the_o north_n part_n it_o will_v over-burden_n choke_v and_o confound_v the_o seed_n which_o be_v throw_v into_o it_o second_o you_o shall_v not_o go_v about_o to_o gather_v off_o the_o stone_n which_o seem_v as_o it_o be_v to_o cover_v the_o land_n both_o because_o the_o labour_n be_v infinite_a and_o impossible_a as_o also_o because_o those_o stone_n be_v of_o good_a use_n and_o as_o it_o be_v a_o certain_a manure_n and_o help_n unto_o the_o ground_n for_o the_o nature_n of_o this_o gravel_n be_v cold_a and_o moist_a these_o stone_n do_v in_o the_o winter_n time_n defend_v and_o keep_v the_o sharpness_n of_o the_o frost_n and_o bleak_a wind_n from_o kill_v the_o heart_n or_o root_n of_o the_o seed_n and_o also_o in_o the_o summer_n it_o defend_v the_o scorch_a heat_n of_o the_o sun_n from_o parch_a and_o dry_v up_o the_o seed_n which_o in_o this_o gravel_o soil_n do_v not_o lie_v so_o well_o cover_v as_o in_o other_o soil_n especial_o if_o this_o kind_n of_o earth_n be_v environ_v with_o any_o great_a hill_n as_o most_o common_o it_o be_v the_o reflection_n whereof_o make_v the_o heat_n much_o more_o violent_a and_o last_o to_o observe_v that_o there_o be_v no_o manure_n better_o or_o more_o kind_o for_o this_o kind_n of_o earth_n than_o chalk_n white_a marle_n or_o lyme_n for_o all_o other_o matter_n whatsoever_o the_o former_a chapter_n of_o the_o white_a sand_n will_v give_v you_o sufficient_a instruction_n chap._n x._o the_o manner_n of_o plough_v the_o black_a clay_n mix_v with_o red_a sand_n and_o the_o white_a clay_n mix_v with_o white_a sand_n their_o earring_n plough_n and_o implement_n next_o to_o these_o gravel_o soil_n there_o be_v also_o two_o other_o compound_v earth_n as_o namely_o the_o black_a clay_n mix_v with_o red_a sand_n and_o the_o white_a clay_n mix_v with_o white_a sand_n which_o albeit_o they_o differ_v in_o composition_n of_o mould_n yet_o they_o hold_v one_o nature_n in_o their_o tillage_n and_o husbandry_n wherefore_o first_o to_o speak_v of_o the_o black_a clay_n mix_v with_o red_a sand_n which_o as_o before_o i_o say_v be_v call_v of_o husbandman_n a_o hassell_n earth_n you_o shall_v understand_v that_o it_o be_v a_o very_a rich_a and_o good_a soil_n very_o fruitful_a both_o for_o corn_n and_o grass_n for_o corn_n be_v apt_a to_o bear_v any_o seed_n whatsoever_o and_o for_o grass_n as_o natural_o put_v it_o forth_o very_o early_o in_o the_o year_n by_o which_o your_o cattle_n shall_v get_v relief_n
special_a season_n more_o by_o many_o degree_n sand._n now_o for_o the_o white_a clay_n mix_v with_o white_a sand_n it_o be_v a_o earth_n much_o more_o barren_a than_o this_o former_a mix_a earth_n and_o bring_v forth_o nothing_o without_o much_o care_n diligence_n and_o good_a order_n yet_o for_o his_o manner_n of_o earring_n in_o their_o true_a nature_n every_o way_n do_v differ_v nothing_o from_o the_o earring_n of_o this_o black_a clay_n and_o red_a sand_n only_o the_o seed_n which_o must_v be_v sow_v upon_o this_o soil_n differ_v from_o the_o former_a for_o upon_o this_o soil_n in_o stead_n of_o barley_n you_o must_v sow_v most_o oat_n as_o a_o grain_n which_o will_v take_v much_o strength_n from_o little_a fertility_n and_o in_o stead_n of_o rye_n you_o shall_v sow_v more_o wheat_n and_o more_o pease_n or_o in_o stead_n of_o pease_n than_o you_o shall_v sow_v fitche_n of_o either_o kind_n which_o you_o please_v and_o the_o increase_n will_v be_v though_o not_o in_o abundance_n yet_o so_o sufficient_a as_o shall_v well_o quit_v the_o ploughman_n labour_n manure_v now_o for_o the_o manure_n of_o this_o ground_n you_o shall_v understand_v that_o marl_n be_v the_o chief_a for_o neither_o will_v any_o man_n suppose_v that_o this_o hard_a soil_n shall_v bring_v up_o cattle_n sufficient_a to_o manure_v it_o nor_o if_o it_o will_v yet_o that_o manure_n be_v not_o so_o good_a for_o a_o barren_a clay_n be_v mix_v with_o a_o most_o barren_a sand_n it_o must_v consequent_o follow_v that_o the_o soil_n must_v be_v of_o all_o the_o barene_a insomuch_o that_o to_o give_v perfect_a strength_n and_o life_n unto_o it_o there_o be_v nothing_o better_a than_o marle_n which_o be_v a_o fat_a and_o strong_a clay_n once_o incorporate_v within_o these_o weak_a moulâ—â—_n it_o must_v needs_o give_v they_o the_o best_a nourishment_n loosen_a the_o bind_a substance_n and_o bind_v that_o weakness_n which_o occasion_v the_o barrainnesse_n but_o of_o this_o marl_n i_o shall_v have_v more_o occasion_n to_o speak_v hereafter_o in_o a_o particular_a chapter_n only_o thus_o much_o i_o must_v let_v you_o understand_v that_o this_o soil_n albeit_o it_o be_v not_o within_o any_o degree_n of_o praise_n for_o the_o bring_v forth_o of_o corn_n yet_o it_o be_v very_o apt_a and_o fruitful_a for_o the_o breed_v of_o grass_n insomuch_o that_o it_o will_v bear_v you_o corn_n for_o at_o least_o nine_o year_n together_o without_o the_o use_n of_o any_o fallow_a or_o tilth-field_n if_o it_o be_v well_o marl_v and_o immediate_o after_o it_o will_v bear_v you_o very_o good_a breed_v grass_n or_o else_o reasonable_a meadow_n for_o as_o many_o year_n after_o as_o by_o daily_a experience_n we_o see_v in_o the_o country_n of_o lancaster_n and_o chester_n so_o that_o the_o consequence_n be_v consider_v this_o ground_n be_v not_o but_o to_o be_v hold_v indifferent_a fruitful_a for_o whereas_o other_o soil_n afore_o show_v which_o bear_v abundance_n of_o grain_n be_v bind_v to_o be_v manure_v once_o in_o three_o year_n this_o soil_n albeit_o it_o bear_v neither_o so_o rich_a grain_n nor_o so_o much_o plenty_n yet_o it_o needs_o marl_v not_o above_o once_o in_o sixtéene_n or_o eighteen_o year_n and_o albeit_o marle_n be_v a_o manure_n of_o the_o great_a cost_n yet_o the_o profit_n by_o continuance_n be_v so_o equal_a that_o the_o labour_n be_v never_o spend_v without_o his_o reward_n as_o shall_v more_o large_o appear_v hereafter_o as_o touch_v the_o plough_n plough_n it_o be_v the_o same_o which_o be_v mention_v in_o the_o other_o soil_n of_o the_o black_a clay_n and_o red_a sand_n alter_v nothing_o either_o in_o quantity_n of_o timber_n or_o strength_n of_o iron_n so_o that_o to_o make_v any_o large_a description_n thereof_o be_v but_o to_o double_v my_o former_a discourse_n and_o make_v my_o write_n tedious_a for_o to_o conclude_v brief_o these_o two_o soil_n differ_v only_o but_o in_o fatness_n and_o strength_n of_o nature_n not_o in_o ear-ring_n or_o plough_v so_o that_o the_o labour_n of_o tillage_n be_v equal_a there_o be_v not_o any_o alteration_n more_o than_o the_o true_a diligence_n of_o much_o manure_n which_o will_v breed_v a_o affinity_n or_o alliance_n betwixt_o both_o these_o soil_n and_o thus_o much_o for_o this_o black_a clay_n and_o red_a sand_n or_o white_a clay_n and_o white_a sand._n the_o first_o part_n of_o the_o english_a husbandman_n contain_v the_o manner_n of_o plough_v and_o manure_v all_o sort_n of_o soil_n together_o with_o the_o manner_n of_o plant_v and_o set_v of_o corne._n chap._n i._o of_o the_o manner_n of_o plough_v all_o simple_a earth_n which_o be_v uncompounded_a that_o many_o famous_a and_o learned_a man_n both_o in_o france_n spain_n italy_n and_o germany_n have_v spend_v all_o their_o best_a time_n in_o show_v unto_o the_o world_n the_o excellency_n of_o their_o experience_n in_o this_o only_o renown_a art_n of_o husbandry_n their_o large_a and_o learned_a uolume_n most_o excellent_o write_v in_o that_o kind_n be_v witness_n from_o whence_o we_o by_o translation_n have_v get_v some_o contentment_n though_o but_o small_a profit_n because_o those_o foreign_a climate_n differ_v much_o from_o we_o both_o in_o nature_n of_o earth_n and_o temper_n of_o air_n the_o rule_n and_o observation_n belong_v unto_o they_o can_v be_v little_o available_a to_o we_o more_o than_o to_o know_v what_o be_v do_v in_o such_o part_n a_o thing_n more_o appertain_v to_o our_o conference_n then_o practice_v but_o now_o that_o other_o kingdom_n may_v see_v though_o we_o write_v less_o yet_o we_o know_v as_o much_o as_o belong_v to_o the_o office_n of_o the_o english_a husbandman_n i_o though_o the_o mean_a of_o many_o million_o have_v undertake_v to_o deliver_v unto_o the_o world_n all_o the_o true_a rudiment_n observation_n and_o knowledge_n what_o soever_o which_o have_v any_o affinity_n or_o alliance_n with_o english_a husbandry_n and_o for_o as_o much_o as_o the_o best_a and_o princpal_a part_n of_o husbandry_n consist_v in_o the_o plow_a and_o earring_n of_o the_o ground_n for_o in_o that_o only_a adam_n begin_v his_o first_o labour_n i_o think_v it_o not_o unméete_a first_o to_o treat_v of_o that_o subject_n proceed_v so_o from_o branch_n to_o branch_n till_o i_o have_v give_v every_o one_o sufficient_a knowledge_n to_o speak_v then_o first_o of_o the_o tilling_n of_o ground_n you_o shall_v well_o understand_v that_o it_o be_v the_o office_n of_o every_o good_a husbandman_n before_o he_o put_v his_o plough_n into_o the_o earth_n true_o to_o consider_v the_o nature_n of_o his_o ground_n and_o which_o be_v of_o which_o quality_n and_o temper_n to_o proceed_v then_o to_o our_o purpose_n all_o soil_n what_o soever_o in_o this_o our_o kingdom_n of_o england_n be_v reduce_v into_o two_o kind_n only_o that_o be_v to_o say_v simple_z or_o compound_v simple_n be_v those_o which_o have_v no_o mixture_n with_o other_o of_o a_o contrary_a quality_n as_o be_v your_o stiff_a caly_n or_o your_o loose_a sand_n your_o stiff_a caly_n be_v likewise_o diverse_a as_o a_o black_a clay_n a_o blue_a clay_n and_o a_o clay_n like_a unto_o marble_n your_o sand_n be_v also_o diverse_a as_o a_o red_a sand_n a_o white_a sand_n a_o yellow_a sand_n and_o a_o sand_n like_a unto_o dust_n your_o mix_a earth_n be_v where_o any_o of_o these_o caly_n and_o sand_n be_v equal_o or_o unindifferent_o mix_v together_o as_o shall_v be_v at_o large_a declare_v hereafter_o now_o as_o touch_v the_o till_v of_o your_o simple_a caly_n it_o be_v to_o be_v note_v that_o the_o black_a clay_n of_o all_o earth_n be_v the_o most_o fruitful_a and_o demand_v from_o the_o husbandman_n the_o least_o toil_n yet_o bring_v forth_o his_o increase_n in_o the_o great_a abundance_n it_o will_v well_o and_o sufficient_o bring_v forth_o three_o crop_n ere_o it_o desire_v rest_n namely_o the_o first_o of_o barley_n the_o second_o of_o pease_n and_o the_o three_o of_o wheat_n it_o do_v not_o desire_v much_o manure_n for_o it_o be_v natural_o of_o itself_o so_o fat_a rich_a and_o fruitful_a that_o if_o you_o add_v strength_n unto_o his_o strength_n by_o heap_v manure_n or_o compass_n thereupon_o you_o make_v it_o either_o blast_n and_o mildew_v the_o corn_n that_o grow_v with_o the_o too_o much_o fatness_n of_o the_o earth_n or_o else_o through_o his_o extreme_a rankness_n to_o bring_v it_o up_o in_o such_o abundance_n that_o it_o be_v not_o able_a to_o stand_v upright_o when_o it_o be_v shoot_v up_o but_o fall_v down_o flat_a to_o the_o ground_n and_o the_o ear_n of_o corn_n smother_a one_o another_o they_o bring_v forth_o nothing_o but_o light_a corn_n like_o a_o empty_a husk_n without_o a_o kernel_n the_o best_a manure_n or_o compass_n therefore_o that_o you_o can_v give_v such_o ground_n be_v then_o to_o plough_v it_o in_o orderly_a and_o due_a season_n as_o
pollard_n wheat_n that_o such_o wheat_n will_v often_o mildew_v and_o turn_v as_o black_a as_o soot_n which_o only_o show_v too_o much_o richness_n and_o fatness_n in_o the_o earth_n which_o the_o white_a clay_n mix_v with_o red_a sand_n have_v never_o be_v see_v to_o do_v especial_o so_o long_o as_o it_o be_v use_v in_o any_o husbandly_a fashion_n neither_o will_v the_o white_a clay_n mix_v with_o red_a sand_n endure_v to_o be_v divide_v into_o four_o field_n that_o be_v to_o say_v to_o bear_v three_o several_a crop_n one_o after_o another_o as_o namely_o barley_n pease_n and_o wheat_n without_o rest_n which_o the_o black_a clay_n mix_v with_o white_a sand_n many_o time_n do_v and_o thereby_o again_o show_v his_o better_a fruitfulness_n nevertheless_o in_o generality_n i_o will_v not_o wish_v any_o good_a husbandman_n and_o especial_o such_o as_o have_v much_o tillage_n to_o divide_v either_o of_o these_o soil_n into_o any_o more_o than_o three_o field_n both_o because_o he_o shall_v case_v himself_o and_o his_o cattle_n of_o much_o toil_n shall_v not_o at_o any_o time_n loose_a the_o best_a season_n for_o his_o best_a work_n and_o make_v his_o commodity_n and_o fruit_n of_o his_o hand_n labour_n by_o many_o degree_n more_o certain_a you_o shall_v also_o understand_v that_o both_o these_o soil_n be_v very_o much_o bind_v especial_o the_o white_a clay_n with_o red_a sand_n both_o because_o the_o clay_n proceed_v from_o a_o chaukie_n and_o limie_a substance_n and_o not_o have_v in_o it_o much_o fatness_n or_o fertillitie_n which_o occasion_v separation_n be_v mix_v with_o the_o red_a sand_n which_o be_v of_o a_o much_o more_o hardness_n and_o aptness_n to_o knit_v together_o with_o such_o tough_a matter_n it_o must_v necessary_o bind_v and_o cleave_v together_o and_o so_o likewise_o the_o black_a clay_n from_o whence_o most_o natural_o proceed_v your_o best_a limestone_n be_v mix_v with_o white_a sand_n do_v also_o bind_v together_o and_o stifle_v the_o seed_n if_o it_o be_v not_o prevent_v by_o good_a husbandry_n you_o shall_v therefore_o in_o the_o plow_a and_o earring_n of_o these_o two_o soil_n observe_v two_o especial_a note_n the_o first_o that_o by_o no_o mean_n you_o plough_v it_o in_o the_o wet_a that_o be_v in_o any_o great_a glut_n of_o rain_n for_o if_o you_o either_o lay_v it_o up_o or_o cast_v it_o down_o when_o it_o be_v more_o like_a mortar_n then_o earth_n if_o then_o any_o sunshine_n or_o fair_a weather_n do_v immediate_o follow_v upon_o it_o it_o will_v so_o dry_a and_o bake_v it_o that_o if_o it_o be_v sow_v neither_o will_v the_o seed_n have_v strength_n to_o sprout_v thorrow_o it_o nor_o be_v in_o any_o of_o your_o other_o summer_n ardour_n shall_v you_o by_o any_o mean_n make_v your_o plough_n enter_v into_o it_o again_o when_o the_o season_n fall_v for_o other_o plough_v the_o second_o that_o you_o have_v great_a care_n you_o lay_v your_o land_n high_a and_o round_o that_o the_o furrow_n as_o it_o be_v stand_v upright_o one_o by_o another_o or_o lie_v light_n and_o hollow_a one_o upon_o another_o you_o may_v with_o more_o ease_n at_o any_o time_n enter_v in_o your_o plough_n and_o turn_v your_o mould_n which_o way_n you_o please_v either_o in_o the_o heat_n of_o summer_n or_o any_o other_o time_n of_o the_o year_n whatsoeverâ—_n now_o as_o touch_v the_o plough_n which_o be_v most_o best_a and_o proper_a for_o these_o soil_n it_o will_v be_v the_o same_o in_o size_n which_o be_v former_o direct_v for_o the_o red_a sand_n only_o the_o iron_n must_v be_v alter_v for_o the_o coulter_n will_v be_v more_o long_o sharp_a and_o bend_v and_o the_o share_n so_o narrow_a sharp_a and_o small_a as_o can_v convenient_o be_v make_v according_a as_o be_v former_o express_v that_o not_o have_v power_n to_o take_v up_o any_o broad_a furrow_n the_o furrow_n by_o reason_n of_o there_o slenderness_n may_v lie_v many_o and_o those_o many_o both_o hollow_a light_a and_o at_o any_o time_n easy_o to_o be_v break_v as_o for_o the_o team_n which_o be_v best_a to_o work_v in_o this_o soil_n they_o may_v be_v either_o horse_n or_o ox_n or_o ox_n and_o horse_n mix_v together_o according_a to_o the_o husbandman_n ability_n but_o if_o he_o be_v a_o lord_n of_o his_o own_o pleasure_n and_o may_v command_v and_o have_v every_o thing_n with_o be_v most_o apt_a and_o proper_a then_o in_o these_o two_o soil_n i_o prefer_v the_o team_n of_o horse_n single_a rather_o than_o ox_n especial_o in_o any_o winter_n or_o moist_a ardour_n because_o they_o do_v not_o tread_v and_o foil_v the_o ground_n make_v it_o miry_a and_o dirty_a as_o the_o ox_n do_v but_o go_v all_o in_o one_o furrow_n do_v keep_v the_o land_n in_o his_o constant_a firmness_n as_o touch_v the_o clot_n slight_v wee_n and_o dress_v of_o these_o two_o soil_n they_o differ_v in_o nothing_o from_o the_o former_a mix_a earth_n but_o desire_v all_o one_o manner_n of_o diligence_n and_o thus_o much_o for_o these_o two_o soil_n the_o black_a clay_n mix_v with_o white_a sand_n and_o the_o white_a clay_n with_o white_a red_a sand_n chap._n iii_o a_o comparison_n of_o all_o the_o former_a soil_n together_o and_o most_o especial_a note_n for_o give_v the_o ignorant_a husbandman_n perfect_a understanding_n of_o what_o be_v write_v before_o the_o reason_n why_o i_o have_v thus_o at_o large_a discourse_v of_o every_o several_a soil_n both_o simple_a and_o compound_v be_v to_o show_v unto_o the_o industrious_a husbandman_n the_o perfect_a and_o true_a reason_n of_o the_o general_a alteration_n of_o our_o work_n in_o husbandry_n through_o this_o our_o realm_n of_o england_n for_o if_o all_o our_o land_n as_o it_o be_v one_o kingdom_n be_v likewise_o of_o one_o composition_n mixture_n and_o goodness_n it_o be_v then_o exceed_a preposterous_a to_o see_v those_o diversity_n alteration_n i_o and_o even_o contrary_a manner_n of_o proceed_n in_o husbandry_n which_o be_v daily_o and_o hourly_o use_v but_o every_o man_n in_o his_o own_o work_n know_v the_o alteration_n of_o climate_n yet_o for_o so_o much_o as_o this_o labour_n of_o husbandry_n consist_v not_o for_o the_o most_o part_n in_o the_o know_n and_o understand_v breast_n but_o in_o the_o rude_a simple_a and_o ignorant_a clown_n who_o only_o know_v how_o to_o do_v his_o labour_n but_o can_v give_v a_o reason_n why_o he_o do_v such_o labour_n more_o than_o the_o instruction_n of_o his_o parent_n or_o the_o custom_n of_o the_o country_n where_o it_o come_v to_o pass_v and_o i_o have_v many_o time_n see_v the_o same_o to_o my_o admiration_n that_o the_o skillfull_a clown_n which_o be_v breed_v in_o the_o clay_n soil_v when_o he_o have_v be_v bring_v to_o the_o sandy_a ground_n he_o can_v neither_o hold_v the_o plough_n temper_v the_o plough_n nor_o tell_v which_o way_n in_o good_a order_n to_o drive_v the_o cattle_n the_o heaviness_n of_o the_o one_o labour_n be_v so_o contrary_a to_o the_o lightness_n of_o the_o other_o that_o not_o have_v a_o temperance_n or_o understand_v in_o his_o hand_n he_o have_v be_v put_v even_o unto_o his_o wit_n end_n therefore_o i_o think_v it_o convenient_a in_o this_o place_n by_o a_o slight_a comparison_n of_o soil_n together_o to_o give_v the_o simple_a husbandman_n such_o direct_a &_o plain_a rule_n that_o he_o shall_v with_o out_o the_o study_n of_o his_o brain_n attain_v to_o absolute_a knowledge_n of_o every_o several_a mixture_n of_o earth_n and_o albeit_o he_o shall_v not_o be_v able_a distinct_o to_o say_v at_o the_o first_o that_o it_o be_v compound_v of_o such_o and_o such_o earth_n yet_o he_o shall_v be_v very_o able_a to_o deliver_v the_o true_a reason_n and_o manner_n how_o such_o ground_n of_o what_o nature_n soever_o shall_v be_v husband_v and_o title_v therefore_o to_o begin_v the_o husbandman_n be_v to_o understand_v that_o general_o there_o be_v but_o two_o soil_n for_o he_o to_o regard_v for_o in_o they_o consist_v the_o whole_a art_n of_o husbandry_n as_o namely_o the_o open_a and_o loose_a earth_n and_o the_o close_a and_o fast_o bind_v earth_n and_o these_o two_o soil_n be_v mere_a opposite_n and_o contrary_n most_o necessary_o require_v in_o the_o husbandman_n a_o double_a understanding_n for_o there_o be_v no_o soil_n of_o what_o simplicity_n or_o mixture_n soever_o it_o be_v but_o it_o be_v either_o loose_a or_o fast_o now_o to_o give_v you_o my_o meaning_n of_o these_o two_o word_n loose_a and_o fast_o it_o be_v that_o every_o soil_n which_o upon_o parch_a and_o dry_a weather_n even_o when_o the_o sun_n beam_n scorch_v and_o as_o it_o be_v bake_v the_o earth_n if_o then_o the_o ground_n upon_o such_o exceed_a drought_n do_v moulder_v and_o fall_v to_o dust_n so_o that_o whereas_o before_o when_o it_o do_v retain_v moisture_n it_o be_v heavy_a tough_a
and_o not_o to_o be_v separate_v now_o have_v lose_v that_o glewinesse_n it_o be_v light_n loose_a and_o even_o with_o a_o man_n foot_n to_o be_v spurn_v to_o ash_n all_o such_o ground_n be_v term_v loose_a and_o open_a ground_n because_o at_o no_o time_n they_o do_v bind_v in_o or_o imprison_v the_o seed_n the_o frost_n time_n only_o except_v which_o be_v by_o accidence_n and_o not_o from_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o foil_n and_o all_o such_o ground_n as_o in_o their_o moisture_n or_o after_o the_o fall_n of_o any_o sudden_a rain_n be_v soft_a pliable_a light_a and_o easy_a to_o be_v wrought_v but_o after_o when_o they_o come_v to_o loose_v that_o moistness_n and_o that_o the_o powerfulnesse_n of_o the_o sun_n have_v as_o it_o be_v drid_a up_o their_o vein_n if_o then_o such_o earth_n be_v become_v hard_o firm_a and_o not_o to_o be_v separate_v then_o be_v those_o soil_n term_v fast_o and_o bind_a soil_n for_o if_o there_o ardour_n be_v not_o take_v in_o their_o due_a time_n and_o their_o seed_n cast_v into_o they_o in_o perfect_a and_o due_a season_n neither_o be_v it_o possible_a for_o the_o ploughman_n to_o plough_v they_o nor_o for_o the_o seed_n to_o sprout_v through_o the_o earth_n be_v so_o fasten_v and_o as_o it_o be_v stone-like_a fix_v together_o now_o since_o that_o all_o soil_n be_v draw_v into_o these_o two_o head_n fastnes_n and_o looseness_n and_o to_o they_o be_v annex_v the_o diversity_n of_o all_o tillage_n i_o will_v now_o show_v the_o simple_a husbandman_n which_o earth_n be_v loose_a and_o which_o fast_o and_o how_o without_o curiosity_n to_o know_v and_o to_o distinguish_v they_o brief_o all_o soil_n that_o be_v simple_a and_o of_o themselves_o uncompounded_a as_o namely_o all_o clay_n as_o black_a white_a gray_a or_o blue_a and_o all_o sand_n as_o either_o red_a white_z or_o black_a be_v open_a and_o loose_a soil_n the_o clay_v because_o the_o body_n and_o substance_n of_o they_o be_v hold_v together_o by_o moistness_n that_o moisture_n be_v dry_v up_o their_o strength_n and_o stiffness_n decay_v and_o sand_n by_o reason_n of_o their_o natural_a lighnesse_n which_o want_v a_o more_o moist_a and_o fix_a body_n to_o be_v join_v with_o they_o do_v loose_v all_o strength_n of_o bind_v or_o hold_v together_o now_o all_o mix_v or_o compound_a earth_n except_o the_o composition_n of_o one_o and_o the_o same_o kind_n as_o clay_n with_o clay_n or_o sand_n with_o sand_n be_v ever_o fast_o and_o bind_a earth_n for_o betwixt_o sand_n and_o clay_n or_o clay_n &_o gravel_n be_v such_o a_o affinity_n that_o when_o they_o be_v mix_v together_o the_o sand_n do_v give_v to_o the_o clay_n such_o hardness_n and_o dryness_n and_o the_o clay_n to_o the_o sand_n such_o moisture_n and_o coldness_n that_o be_v fix_v together_o they_o make_v one_o hard_a body_n which_o through_o the_o warmth_n of_o the_o sun_n bind_v and_o cleave_v together_o but_o if_o it_o be_v so_o that_o the_o ignorance_n of_o the_o husbandman_n can_v either_o through_o the_o subtlety_n of_o his_o eye_n sight_n or_o the_o observation_n gather_v from_o his_o experience_n distinguish_v of_o these_o soil_n and_o the_o rather_o since_o many_o soil_n be_v so_o indifferent_o mix_v and_o the_o colour_n so_o very_o perfect_a that_o even_o skill_n itself_o may_v be_v deceive_v as_o first_o to_o speak_v of_o what_o mixture_n some_o soil_n consist_v yet_o for_o as_o much_o as_o it_o be_v sufficient_a for_o the_o husbandman_n to_o know_v which_o be_v loose_a and_o which_o be_v bind_v he_o shall_v only_o when_o he_o be_v perplex_v with_o these_o difference_n use_v this_o experiment_n he_o shall_v take_v a_o good_a lump_n of_o that_o earth_n who_o temperature_n he_o will_v know_v and_o work_v it_o with_o water_n and_o his_o wet_a hand_n like_o a_o piece_n of_o past_a he_o shall_v then_o as_o it_o be_v make_v a_o cake_n thereof_o and_o lay_v it_o before_o a_o hot_a fire_n there_o let_v it_o lie_v till_o all_o the_o moisture_n be_v dry_v &_o back_v out_o of_o it_o then_o take_v it_o into_o your_o hand_n and_o break_v it_o in_o piece_n if_o between_o your_o finger_n it_o moulder_v and_o faâ—l_v into_o a_o small_a dust_n then_o be_v assure_v it_o be_v a_o loose_a simple_a and_o uncompounded_a earth_n but_o if_o it_o break_v hard_a and_o firm_a like_o a_o stone_n and_o when_o you_o crumble_v it_o between_o your_o finger_n it_o be_v rough_a gréetie_n and_o shine_v then_o be_v assure_v it_o be_v a_o compound_v fast-binding_a earth_n and_o be_v compound_v of_o clay_n and_o sand_n and_o if_o in_o the_o bake_n it_o do_v turn_v red_a or_o reddish_a it_o be_v compound_v of_o a_o gray_a clay_n and_o red_a sand_n but_o if_o it_o be_v brown_a or_o bluish_a than_o it_o be_v a_o black_a clay_n &_o white_a sand_n but_o if_o when_o you_o break_v it_o you_o find_v therein_o many_o small_a pebble_n than_o the_o mixture_n be_v clay_n and_o gravel_n now_o there_o be_v some_o mix_a soil_n after_o they_o be_v thus_o bake_v although_o they_o be_v hard_a and_o bind_a yet_o they_o will_v not_o be_v so_o exceed_a hard_a and_o stone-like_a as_o other_o soil_n will_v be_v and_o that_o be_v where_o the_o mixture_n be_v unequal_a as_o where_o the_o clay_n be_v more_o than_o the_o sand_n or_o the_o sand_n more_o than_o the_o clay_n when_o you_o have_v by_o this_o experiment_n find_v out_o the_o nature_n of_o your_o earth_n and_o can_v tell_v whether_o it_o be_v simple_a or_o compound_v you_o shall_v then_o look_v to_o the_o fruitfulness_n thereof_o which_o general_o you_o shall_v thus_o distinguish_v first_o that_o caly_v simple_a and_o of_o themselves_o uncompounded_a be_v of_o all_o the_o most_o fruitful_a of_o which_o black_a be_v the_o best_a that_o next_o to_o caly_n your_o mix_a earth_n be_v most_o fertile_a and_o the_o mixture_n of_o the_o black_a clay_n and_o red_a sand_n call_v a_o hazel_n earth_n be_v the_o best_a and_o that_o your_o sand_n be_v of_o all_o soil_n most_o barren_a of_o which_o the_o red_a sand_n for_o profit_n have_v ever_o the_o pre-eminence_n now_o for_o the_o general_a tillage_n and_o use_n of_o these_o ground_n you_o shall_v understand_v that_o the_o simple_a and_o uncompounded_a ground_n be_v loose_a and_o open_a if_o they_o lie_v free_a from_o the_o danger_n of_o water_n the_o land_n may_v be_v lay_v the_o flat_a and_o great_a the_o furrow_n turn_v up_o the_o large_a and_o close_a and_o the_o plough_n and_o plough-iron_n most_o large_a and_o massy_a only_o those_o for_o the_o sandy_a ground_n must_v be_v more_o slender_a than_o those_o for_o the_o caly_n and_o much_o more_o nimble_a as_o have_v biâ—ne_o show_v before_o now_o for_o the_o mix_a earth_n you_o shall_v lay_v your_o land_n high_a round_o and_o little_a set_v your_o furrow_n upright_o open_a and_o so_o small_a as_o be_v possible_a and_o make_v your_o plough_n and_o plough_v iron_n most_o nimble_a and_o slender_a according_a to_o the_o manner_n before_o specify_v and_o thus_o i_o conclude_v that_o he_o which_o know_v the_o loose_a earth_n and_o the_o bind_a earth_n can_v either_o help_v or_o abate_v the_o strength_n of_o the_o earth_n as_o be_v needful_a and_o know_v how_o to_o sort_n his_o plough_n to_o each_o temper_n know_v the_o ground_n and_o substance_n of_o all_o tillage_n chap._n four_o of_o the_o plant_n or_o set_v of_o corn_n and_o the_o profit_n thereof_o not_o that_o i_o be_o conceit_v or_o carry_v away_o with_o any_o novelty_n or_o strange_a practice_n unusual_o practise_v in_o this_o kingdom_n or_o that_o i_o will_v ascribe_v unto_o myself_o to_o give_v any_o judicial_a approbation_n or_o allowance_n to_o thing_n meare_o unfrequented_a do_v i_o publish_v within_o my_o book_n this_o relation_n of_o the_o set_n of_o corn_n but_o only_o because_o i_o will_v not_o have_v our_o english_a husbandman_n to_o be_v ignorant_a of_o any_o skill_n or_o obscure_a faculty_n which_o be_v either_o proper_a to_o his_o profession_n or_o agreeable_a with_o the_o fertillitie_n and_o nature_n of_o our_o climate_n and_o the_o rather_o since_o some_o few_o year_n ago_o this_o as_o it_o then_o appear_v secret_a be_v with_o much_o admiration_n bruit_v through_o the_o kingdom_n in_o so_o much_o that_o according_a to_o our_o weak_a accustom_a disposition_n which_o ever_o love_v strange_a thing_n best_o it_o be_v hold_v so_o worthy_a both_o for_o general_a profit_n and_o particular_a ease_n that_o very_o few_o except_o the_o discreet_a but_o do_v not_o alone_o put_v it_o in_o practice_n but_o do_v even_o ground_n strong_a belief_n to_o raise_v to_o themselves_o great_a commonwealth_n by_o the_o profit_n thereof_o some_o not_o only_o hold_v insufficient_a argument_n in_o great_a place_n of_o the_o inutilitie_n of_o the_o plough_n but_o even_o utter_o contemn_v the_o poor_a cart_n jade_n as_o
who_o best_a hearbage_n be_v nothing_o but_o moss_n and_o iron_n stone_n in_o such_o a_o place_n i_o say_v to_o behold_v a_o delicate_a rich_a and_o fruitful_a garden_n it_o show_v great_a worthiness_n in_o the_o owner_n and_o infinite_a art_n and_o industry_n in_o the_o workman_n and_o make_v i_o both_o admire_v and_o love_v the_o begetter_n of_o such_o excellency_n but_o to_o return_v to_o my_o purpose_n touch_v the_o choice_n of_o your_o earth_n for_o a_o garden_n since_o no_o house_n can_v convenient_o be_v without_o one_o and_o that_o our_o english_a nation_n be_v of_o that_o great_a popularity_n that_o not_o the_o worst_a place_n thereof_o but_o be_v abundant_o inhabit_v i_o think_v it_o meet_v that_o you_o refuse_v no_o earth_n whatsoever_o to_o plant_v your_o garden_n upon_o ever_o observe_v this_o rule_n that_o the_o more_o barren_a it_o be_v the_o more_o cost_n must_v be_v bestow_v upon_o it_o both_o in_o manure_v dig_v and_o in_o trench_v as_o shall_v be_v show_v hereafter_o and_o the_o more_o rich_a it_o be_v less_o cost_n of_o such_o labour_n and_o more_o curiosity_n in_o wee_n proyn_v and_o trim_v the_o earth_n for_o as_o the_o first_o be_v too_o slow_a so_o the_o latter_a be_v too_o swift_a both_o in_o her_o increase_n and_o multiplication_n now_o for_o the_o knowledge_n of_o soil_n which_o be_v good_a and_o which_o be_v bad_a i_o have_v speak_v sufficient_o already_o in_o that_o part_n which_o intreat_v of_o tillage_n only_o this_o one_o caveat_n i_o will_v give_v you_o as_o soon_o as_o you_o have_v mark_v out_o your_o garden-plot_n you_o shall_v turn_v up_o a_o sod_a and_o take_v some_o part_n of_o the_o fresh_a mould_n champ_v it_o between_o your_o tooth_n in_o your_o mouth_n and_o if_o it_o taste_v swéetish_a then_o be_v the_o mould_n excellent_a good_a and_o fit_a to_o receive_v either_o seed_n or_o plant_n without_o much_o manure_n but_o if_o it_o taste_v salt_n or_o bitter_a than_o it_o be_v a_o great_a sign_n of_o barrainenesse_n and_o must_v of_o necessity_n be_v correct_v with_o manure_n for_o saltness_n show_v much_o windiness_n which_o choke_v and_o stifle_v the_o seed_n and_o bitterness_n that_o unnatural_a heat_n which_o bâ—asteth_v it_o before_o it_o sprout_v situation_n now_o for_o the_o situation_n of_o the_o garden-plot_n for_o pleasure_n you_o shall_v understand_v that_o it_o must_v ever_o be_v place_v so_o near_o unto_o the_o dwell_a house_n as_o be_v possible_a both_o because_o the_o eye_n of_o the_o owner_n may_v be_v a_o guard_n and_o support_v from_o inconvenience_n as_o also_o that_o the_o especial_a room_n and_o prospect_n of_o the_o house_n may_v be_v adorn_v perfume_a and_o enrich_v with_o the_o delicate_a proportion_n odorifferous_a smell_n and_o wholesome_a air_n which_o shall_v ascend_v and_o vaporate_v from_o the_o same_o as_o may_v more_o ample_o be_v see_v in_o that_o former_a chapter_n where_o model_v forth_o the_o husbandman_n house_n i_o show_v you_o the_o site_n and_o place_n for_o his_o garden_n only_o you_o must_v diligent_o observe_v that_o near_o unto_o this_o garden_n do_v not_o stand_v any_o hâ—uells_n stack_n of_o hay_n or_o corn_n which_o over-pearing_a the_o wall_n or_o fence_n of_o the_o same_o may_v by_o reason_n of_o wind_n or_o other_o occasion_n annoy_v the_o same_o with_o straw_n chaff_n seed_n or_o such_o like_a filthiness_n which_o do_v not_o only_o blemish_v the_o beauty_n thereof_o but_o be_v also_o natural_o very_o hurtful_a and_o cankerous_a to_o all_o plant_n whatsoever_o within_o this_o garden_n plot_n will_v be_v also_o either_o some_o well_o pump_n conduit_n pond_n or_o cistern_n for_o water_n since_o a_o garden_n at_o many_o time_n of_o the_o year_n require_v much_o water_v &_o this_o place_n for_o water_n you_o shall_v order_v and_o dispose_v according_a to_o your_o ability_n and_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o soil_n as_o thus_o if_o both_o your_o reputation_n and_o your_o wealth_n be_v of_o the_o low_a account_n if_o then_o your_o garden_n aford_v you_o a_o plain_a well_o comely_a cover_v or_o a_o plain_a pump_n it_o shall_v be_v sufficient_a or_o if_o for_o want_v of_o such_o spring_v you_o dig_v a_o fair_a pond_n in_o some_o convenient_a part_n thereof_o or_o else_o whiâ—h_n be_v much_o better_a erect_v a_o cistern_n of_o lead_n into_o which_o by_o pippe_n may_v descend_v all_o the_o rainwater_n which_o fall_v about_o any_o part_n of_o the_o house_n it_o will_v serve_v for_o your_o purpose_n but_o if_o god_n have_v bestow_v upon_o you_o a_o great_a measure_n of_o his_o blessing_n both_o in_o wealth_n &_o account_n if_o then_o instead_o of_o either_o well_o pump_n pond_n or_o cistern_n you_o erect_v conduit_n or_o continual_a run_a fountain_n compose_v of_o antique_a work_n according_a to_o the_o curiosity_n of_o man_n invention_n it_o shall_v be_v more_o gallant_a and_o worthy_a and_o these_o conduit_n or_o watercourse_n you_o may_v bring_v in_o pippe_n of_o lead_n from_o other_o remote_a or_o more_o necessary_a place_n of_o water_n spring_v stand_v above_o the_o level_a of_o your_o garden_n as_o every_o artist_n in_o the_o profession_n of_o such_o work_n can_v more_o ample_o declare_v unto_o you_o only_o for_o i_o let_v it_o be_v sufficient_a to_o let_v you_o understand_v that_o every_o garden_n will_v be_v accompany_v with_o water_n also_o you_o shall_v have_v great_a care_n that_o there_o adjoine_v not_o unto_o your_o garden-plot_n any_o common-shewer_n stink_a or_o muddy_a dike_n dunghill_n or_o such_o like_a the_o annoyance_n of_o who_o smell_n and_o evil_a vapour_n do_v not_o only_o corrupt_v and_o breed_v infection_n in_o man_n but_o also_o canker_v kill_v and_o consume_v all_o manner_n of_o plant_n especial_o those_o which_o be_v most_o pleasant_a fragrant_a and_o odorifferous_a as_o be_v of_o tender_a nature_n and_o quality_n and_o for_o this_o cause_n diverse_a will_v not_o allow_v the_o moat_a of_o garden-plot_n about_o imagine_v that_o the_o over_o great_a moistness_n thereof_o and_o the_o strong_a smell_n which_o do_v arise_v from_o the_o mud_n in_o the_o summer_n season_n do_v corrupt_a and_o putrify_v the_o herb_n and_o plant_n within_o the_o compass_n of_o the_o same_o but_o i_o be_o not_o altogether_o of_o that_o opinion_n for_o if_o the_o water_n be_v sweet_a or_o the_o channel_n thereof_o sandy_a or_o gravel_o then_o there_o be_v no_o such_o scruple_n to_o be_v take_v but_o if_o it_o be_v contrary_a than_o it_o be_v with_o all_o care_n to_o be_v avoid_v because_o it_o be_v ever_o a_o maxim_n in_o this_o case_n that_o your_o garden-plot_n must_v ever_o be_v compass_v with_o the_o pleasant_a and_o sweet_a air_n that_o may_v be_v the_o wind_n which_o you_o shall_v general_o defend_v from_o your_o garden_n be_v the_o eastern_a wind_n and_o the_o northern_a because_o they_o be_v sharp_a cold_a and_o bring_v with_o they_o temper_n of_o most_o unseasonablenesse_n &_o albeit_o in_o italy_n spain_n and_o such_o like_a hot_a country_n they_o rather_o defend_v away_o the_o western_a and_o southern_a wind_n give_v free_a passage_n to_o the_o east_n and_o north_n yet_o with_o england_n it_o may_v not_o be_v so_o because_o the_o natural_a coldness_n of_o our_o climate_n be_v sufficient_a without_o any_o assistance_n to_o further_a bitterness_n our_o best_a industry_n be_v to_o be_v employ_v rather_o to_o get_v warmth_n which_o may_v nourish_v and_o bring_v forth_o our_o labour_n than_o any_o way_n to_o diminish_v or_o weaken_v the_o same_o this_o plot_n of_o ground_n also_o will_v lie_v as_o near_o as_o you_o can_v at_o the_o foot_n or_o bottom_n of_o a_o hill_n both_o that_o the_o hill_n may_v defend_v the_o wind_n and_o sharp_a weather_n from_o the_o same_o as_o also_o that_o you_o may_v have_v certain_a ascent_n or_o rise_n of_o state_n from_o level_a to_o level_v as_o be_v in_o some_o sort_n before_o show_v in_o the_o plot_n for_o the_o orchard_n and_o shall_v be_v better_o declare_v in_o the_o next_o chapter_n chap._n xvi_o of_o the_o fashion_n of_o the_o garden-plot_n for_o pleasure_n the_o alley_n quarter_n digging_z and_o dung_v of_o the_o same_o after_o you_o have_v choose_v out_o and_o fence_v your_o garden-plot_n according_a as_o be_v before_o say_v you_o shall_v then_o begin_v to_o fashion_n and_o proportion_n out_o the_o same_o since_o in_o the_o convayance_n remain_v a_o great_a part_n of_o the_o gardiner_n art_n and_o herein_o you_o shall_v understand_v that_o there_o be_v two_o form_n of_o proportion_n belong_v to_o the_o garden_n fashion_n the_o first_o only_o beautiful_a as_o the_o plain_a and_o single_a square_n contain_v only_o four_o quarter_n with_o his_o large_a alley_n every_o way_n as_o be_v describe_v before_o in_o the_o orchard_n the_o other_o both_o beautiful_a and_o stately_a as_o when_o there_o be_v one_o two_o or_o three_o level_v square_n each_o mount_a seven_o or_o eight_o