Selected quad for the lemma: ground_n
Text snippets containing the quad
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A26162
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The faithfull surveyour discovering divers errours in land measuring, and showing how to measure all manner of ground, and to plot it, and to prove the shutting by the chain onely ... / by George Atwell.
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Atwell, George.
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1658
(1658)
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Wing A4163; ESTC R24190
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96,139
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143
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ground_n of_o nine_o or_o ten_o acre_n for_o it_o often_o fall_v out_o that_o if_o a_o piece_n of_o ground_n be_v ten_o acre_n yet_o all_o of_o it_o will_v not_o be_v overflow_v so_o that_o if_o you_o bestow_v any_o great_a cost_n we_o may_v say_v materiam_fw-la superabit_fw-la opusâ—_n yet_o this_o i_o have_v see_v in_o one_o of_o these_o dry_a year_n in_o a_o meadow_n near_o hartford_n that_o one_o man_n have_v a_o piece_n of_o ground_n encompass_v with_o the_o river_n flow_v it_o make_v five_o pound_n of_o a_o acre_n of_o his_o first_o crop_n where_o his_o neighbour_n make_v scarce_o twenty_o shilling_n a_o acre_n of_o the_o ground_n adjoin_v although_o natural_o in_o other_o year_n before_o as_o good_a yet_o this_o be_v not_o comparable_a to_o land-floud_n for_o these_o partake_v of_o a_o slimy_a and_o muddy_a substance_n be_v bring_v into_o meadow_n or_o pasture_n in_o the_o spring_n either_o by_o drain_v dam_n turn_v of_o town-ditche_n sewer_n highway_n street_n filth_n do_v both_o moisten_v and_o fat_v they_o whereas_o the_o river-water_n fat_v nothing_o so_o much_o as_o virgil_n have_v it_o huc_fw-la summis_fw-la liquuntur_fw-la rupibus_fw-la amnes_fw-la decliuémque_fw-la trahunt_fw-la limum_fw-la and_o in_o another_o place_n et_fw-la cum_fw-la exustus_fw-la agre_z morientibus_fw-la aestuat_fw-la herbis_fw-la ecce_fw-la supercilio_fw-la clivosi_fw-la tramitis_fw-la undam_fw-la elicit_v illa_fw-la cadens_fw-la raucum_fw-la per_fw-la levia_fw-la murmur_v saxa_n ciet_fw-la scatebrÃsque_fw-la carentia_fw-la temperate_a arva_fw-la and_o do_v not_o all_o the_o world_n know_v how_o the_o river_n nilus_n fat_v with_o his_o slime_n the_o whole_a land_n of_o egypt_n but_o now_o have_v by_o drain_v and_o dam_n bring_v your_o water_n to_o the_o high_a part_n of_o the_o ground_n that_o you_o will_v slow_v you_o shall_v cut_v a_o little_a trench_n as_o level_a as_o you_o can_v ghuess_v by_o the_o eye_n which_o in_o your_o ground_n let_v not_o be_v above_o nine_o inch_n broad_a and_o seven_o or_o eight_o inch_n deep_a so_o go_v not_o above_o a_o pole_n at_o once_o lay_v your_o turf_n on_o the_o low_a side_n of_o the_o trench_n and_o close_v by_o it_o with_o the_o grass_n downward_o that_o if_o you_o think_v good_a you_o may_v put_v they_o in_o again_o or_o carry_v they_o away_o and_o now_o let_v in_o so_o much_o water_n as_o will_v fill_v up_o that_o trench_n if_o you_o have_v the_o water_n run_v over_o at_o the_o last_o end_n a_o little_a it_o be_v the_o better_a that_o so_o stop_v your_o trench_n 〈◊〉_d a_o turf_n your_o water_n may_v run_v over_o in_o any_o place_n but_o if_o you_o be_v rise_v so_o that_o the_o water_n will_v not_o follow_v you_o than_o you_o shall_v have_v a_o spade_n for_o the_o nonce_n with_o a_o long_a crooked_a handle_n crooking_a up_o like_o a_o fire-shovel_a that_o therewith_o you_o may_v deepen_v your_o trench_n and_o take_v out_o the_o mould_n and_o then_o go_v a_o little_a low_o the_o next_o time_n still_o make_v the_o water_n to_o follow_v you_o as_o you_o go_v to_o the_o further-side_n of_o the_o ground_n then_o according_a as_o the_o ground_n fall_v you_o may_v make_v a_o cross-trench_n one_o or_o more_o in_o the_o middle_n or_o at_o end_n four_o or_o five_o pole_n downward_o and_o at_o every_o four_o or_o five_o pole_n make_v trench_n the_o same_o way_n you_o do_v at_o the_o first_o till_o you_o have_v do_v so_o that_o you_o shall_v need_v no_o water-level_n for_o this_o work_n unless_o perhaps_o you_o need_v it_o to_o try_v whether_o it_o will_v come_v to_o the_o ground_n or_o no._n if_o you_o be_v to_o bring_v it_o over_o some_o ditch_n or_o brook_n where_o the_o water_n be_v low_a than_o your_o water-way_n then_o must_v you_o either_o make_v a_o bridge_n over_o it_o or_o else_o shoot_v four_o board_n and_o nail_n they_o together_o and_o make_v a_o trough_n which_o may_v lie_v both_o under_o the_o ditch_n and_o through_o the_o mound_n of_o the_o ditch_n chap._n xxvii_o of_o drayn_v of_o ground_n the_o drayn_n of_o ground_n be_v often_o find_v to_o be_v as_o advantageous_a and_o profitable_a not_o only_o in_o arable_a but_o also_o in_o low_a meadow_n and_o wood_n and_o bog_n upon_o hill_n as_o the_o flow_a of_o they_o if_o not_o far_o more_o by_o reason_n more_o ground_n for_o the_o most_o part_n will_v be_v drain_v then_o flow_v both_o in_o less_o time_n and_o with_o less_o charge_n the_o instrument_n for_o this_o work_n may_v be_v a_o plough_n spade_n scopet_n shovel_n and_o bill_n and_o fork_n in_o some_o parish_n they_o have_v a_o town-plow_n that_o will_v hold_v eight_o or_o nine_o yoke_n of_o ox_n and_o a_o couple_n of_o horse_n afore_o for_o boy_n to_o ride_v on_o to_o guide_v they_o and_o three_o or_o four_o horse_n with_o driver_n on_o they_o other_o to_o hold_v the_o plough_n one_o one_o while_n another_o another_o while_n boot_v up_o to_o the_o middle_n other_o follow_v with_o bill_n fork_n spade_n scopet_n shovel_n that_o if_o any_o grass_n or_o turf-ground_n fall_v in_o after_o 〈◊〉_d plough_n some_o may_v cut_v it_o to_o piece_n with_o their_o bill_n and_o other_o throw_v it_o out_o with_o their_o fork_n but_o in_o plough_v ground_n with_o spade_n scopet_n and_o shovel_n thus_o yearly_a about_o all-saint_n do_v they_o serve_v their_o pease-stubble_n barley-stubble_n and_o low_a meadow_n especial_o commons_o but_o this_o plough_n must_v have_v a_o piece_n of_o wood_n either_o screw_v or_o coter_v to_o the_o rightside_n of_o the_o beam_n somewhat_o towards_o the_o fore-end_n of_o it_o to_o make_v another_o coulter-hole_n that_o in_o sward-ground_n you_o may_v put_v in_o another_o coulter_n that_o may_v cut_v both_o side_n of_o the_o furrow_n and_o let_v the_o ground-wrist_n be_v five_o or_o six_o inch_n broad_a and_o the_o broad-wrist_n be_v long_o and_o stand_v out_o broad_a than_o the_o ground-wrist_n by_o a_o handful_n to_o throw_v both_o earth_n and_o turf_n a_o good_a way_n off_o but_o if_o you_o be_v in_o clay-ground_n you_o may_v make_v a_o broad_a point_n than_o on_o stone_n or_o gravel_n but_o howsoever_o let_v there_o be_v a_o whole_a pan_n and_o a_o finne-share_n thus_o if_o you_o will_v make_v any_o new_a drain_v ditch_n for_o quick-setting_a brook_n or_o river_n first_o set_v up_o your_o mark_n at_o each_o nine_o or_o ten_o pole_n on_o both_o side_n for_o the_o rider_n to_o guide_v on_o the_o horse_n then_o plough_v once_o all_o over_o that_o breadth_n and_o throw_v out_o the_o mould_n then_o set_v your_o horse_n single_a and_o with_o any_o other_o light_a plough_n plough_v again_o and_o throw_v out_o till_o you_o be_v deep_a enough_o thus_o may_v you_o do_v more_o in_o a_o hour_n then_o in_o three_o day_n otherwise_o likewise_o i_o have_v know_v divers_a highway_n where_o one_o furlong_n have_v abut_v upon_o they_o and_o another_o run_v long-wise_a by_o the_o side_n of_o it_o where_o the_o way_n have_v not_o be_v above_o a_o pole_n broad_a that_o the_o plough_n continual_o carry_v out_o mould_v upon_o it_o have_v so_o raise_v that_o linsy-side_n that_o it_o have_v be_v so_o linsy_n that_o not_o a_o load_a cart_n have_v go_v on_o it_o in_o harvest_n or_o hay_n time_n since_o the_o memory_n of_o man_n yet_o the_o most_o necessary_a harvest-way_n this_o have_v i_o mend_v and_o make_v level_a with_o my_o own_o plough_n and_o i_o own_o people_n in_o two_o hour_n a_o quarter_n of_o a_o mile_n together_o and_o the_o like_a have_v i_o do_v to_o raise_v a_o roadway_n in_o the_o middle_n by_o plough_v and_o throw_v up_o both_o side_n also_o i_o have_v know_v one_o mr._n field_n of_o aspley-bury_a in_o shidlington_n parish_n in_o bedfordshire_n who_o there_o with_o his_o plough_n make_v a_o large_a moat_n only_o by_o plough_v and_o throw_v out_o the_o mould_n and_o make_v a_o ware_n for_o the_o horse_n to_o go_v in_o and_o out_o the_o same_o man_n also_o be_v at_o a_o especial_a friend_n house_n in_o hartfordshire_n his_o advice_n be_v request_v about_o cleanse_v of_o a_o brook_n which_o be_v fill_v with_o stone_n drive_v down_o the_o hill_n by_o land-floud_n neither_o can_v they_o dig_v it_o with_o spade_n nor_o strike_v in_o a_o mattock_n if_o they_o do_v the_o water_n will_v fly_v in_o their_o face_n and_o the_o cold_a water_n overflow_v the_o bank_n winter_n and_o summer_n and_o spoil_v all_o about_o he_o get_v a_o strong_a plough_n with_o a_o narrow-pointed_n share_n and_o blow_v one_o hour_n in_o the_o forenoon_n and_o get_v good_a store_n of_o labourer_n with_o fork_n and_o shovel_n and_o throw_v out_o what_o the_o plough_n have_v raise_v and_o then_o to_o plough_v another_o hour_n in_o the_o afternoon_n and_o thus_o make_v quick_a speed_n without_o trouble_n or_o let_v another_o time_n the_o same_o man_n stock_v up_o a_o wood_n and_o have_v only_o stock_v up_o the_o
yet_o in_o the_o low_a level_a ground_n it_o be_v infinite_o more_o commodious_a for_o pasture_n in_o summer_n that_o the_o three_o year_n crop_n of_o grass_n without_o any_o charge_n at_o all_o be_v more_o worth_a than_o your_o two_o crop_n of_o grain_n with_o all_o your_o two_o year_n seed_n your_o dung_n and_o carriage_n and_o five_o or_o six_o plowing_n harrowing_n rolling_n and_o weeding_n but_o you_o will_v say_v ground_n be_v long_o in_o grass_v and_o i_o be_o but_o a_o tenant_n and_o have_v but_o a_o short_a time_n in_o my_o lease_n when_o i_o have_v make_v it_o fit_a for_o another_o my_o landlord_n will_v turn_v i_o out_o or_o make_v i_o pay_v more_o rend_v this_o i_o confess_v be_v something_o and_o in_o some_o case_n may_v serve_v for_o a_o answer_n but_o yet_o upon_o this_o condition_n thy_o landlord_n will_v renew_v thy_o lease_n for_o one_o and_o twenty_o year_n if_o he_o be_v wise_a and_o then_o you_o be_v well_o enough_o for_o whereas_o you_o say_v it_o it_o long_o in_o grass_v that_o be_v remedy_v with_o one_o year_n charge_n of_o arable_a for_o if_o thou_o first_o plough_v it_o and_o lay_v it_o flat_o and_o with_o as_o few_o furrow_n as_o may_v be_v about_o november_n and_o then_o dung_n it_o then_o plough_v it_o again_o about_o the_o begin_n of_o march_n still_o lay_v it_o flat_a and_o fill_v up_o the_o furrow_n then_o sow_v it_o with_o hay-dust_n or_o chaff-dust_n which_o every_o horsekeeper_n if_o they_o be_v speak_v to_o about_o michaelmas_n before_o will_v for_o a_o trifle_n save_v for_o you_o on_o purpose_n if_o you_o harrow_v in_o this_o you_o shall_v have_v a_o crop_n of_o grass_n at_o midsummer_n will_v be_v worth_a 30_o or_o 40_o shilling_n a_o acre_n and_o still_o be_v better_a and_o better_o but_o by_o all_o mean_n plough_v in_o your_o dung_n i_o have_v lay_v some_o in_o that_o manner_n and_o some_o i_o have_v dung_v above_o ground_n three_o time_n yet_o this_o will_v not_o be_v comparable_a to_o the_o other_o yet_o but_o a_o furrow_n of_o a_o plough_n between_o and_o both_o lay_v down_o 40_o year_n ago_o and_o by_o no_o mean_n lay_v down_o any_o ground_n that_o be_v wear_v out_o of_o heart_n for_o by_o that_o mean_n if_o ever_o thou_o get_v good_a grass_n of_o it_o in_o 40_o year_n i_o will_v never_o be_v trust_v unless_o thou_o dung_n it_o extraordinary_o and_o yet_o it_o will_v not_o do_v rather_o this_o do_v if_o it_o be_v enclosure_n take_v nothing_o but_o the_o mow_v crop_n for_o divers_a year_n together_o and_o so_o do_v that_o crop_n will_v be_v more_o worth_a than_o two_o whole_a year_n crop_v take_v as_o ordinary_o i_o speak_v all_o this_o of_o my_o own_o experience_n upon_o my_o own_o ground_n but_o i_o have_v often_o hear_v of_o and_o in_o part_n see_v another_o sort_n of_o speedy_a grass_n which_o be_v this_o they_o sow_v their_o ground_n with_o seed_n of_o claver-grass_n a_o very_a small_a quantity_n on_o a_o acre_n and_o in_o some_o place_n they_o mow_v it_o twice_o in_o a_o year_n yet_o never_o sow_v it_o but_o once_o whether_o they_o plough_v it_o or_o not_o i_o can_v just_o tell_v i_o think_v not_o thus_o i_o have_v see_v at_o maddingley_n three_o mile_n from_o cambridge_n they_o save_v their_o common_a fallow_a field_n till_o midsummer_n and_o then_o have_v a_o exceed_a crop_n of_o claver_fw-la and_o then_o fallow_a but_o whether_o they_o sow_v for_o each_o crop_n or_o whether_o it_o be_v of_o the_o nature_n of_o mustardseed_n that_o need_v never_o be_v sow_v but_o once_o though_o the_o ground_n have_v lie_v sward_o 40_o year_n before_o i_o know_v not_o but_o you_o will_v say_v you_o perhaps_o be_v common-field_n if_o you_o shall_v lay_v it_o sward_o you_o shall_v lay_v it_o for_o other_o folk_n and_o what_o of_o that_o if_o you_o have_v more_o benefit_n that_o way_n than_o you_o have_v before_o never_o grudge_v at_o it_o though_o other_o take_v a_o part_n 2_o thou_o shall_v take_v part_n with_o other_o of_o it_o as_o they_o do_v with_o thou_o and_o in_o most_o place_n one_o acre_n of_o sward_n have_v as_o good_a right_n of_o common_a as_o three_o or_o in_o some_o place_n five_o acre_n of_o arable_a have_v 3_o there_o be_v no_o doubt_n but_o other_o see_v thy_o good_a and_o speedy_a success_n will_v soon_o second_v thou_o and_o then_o thou_o shall_v have_v as_o good_a benefit_n of_o he_o as_o he_o have_v of_o thou_o ob._n but_o if_o every_o one_o shall_v lay_v sward_o that_o will_v how_o shall_v we_o do_v for_o bread_n i_o answer_v i_o do_v not_o say_v i_o will_v have_v every_o one_o that_o list_n shall_v lay_v down_o for_o sward_n but_o this_o i_o say_v i_o will_v have_v all_o ground_n turn_v to_o the_o most_o advantage_n first_o of_o the_o commonwealth_n then_o of_o the_o owner_n i_o will_v not_o have_v such_o ground_n as_o will_v bear_v two_o or_o three_o load_n of_o as_o good_a hay_n as_o ever_o beast_n eat_v turn_v to_o arable_a when_o the_o next_o acre_n to_o it_o be_v sow_v some_o year_n have_v scarce_o yield_v the_o seed_n again_o where_o a_o ordinary_a acre_n of_o pasture_n be_v worth_a 50_o shilling_n per_fw-la annum_fw-la and_o the_o best_a arable_a not_o above_o 8_o shilling_n for_o as_o for_o a_o acre_n of_o sward_n though_o it_o be_v worth_a but_o 20_o shilling_n to_o the_o owner_n yet_o to_o the_o commonwealth_n it_o be_v worth_a 30_o shilling_n the_o after-pasture_n where_o it_o be_v reckon_v at_o a_o three_o part_n of_o the_o rent_n with_o we_o at_o cambridge_n far_o more_o and_o that_o be_v not_o lose_v it_o do_v not_o vanish_v into_o air_n and_o though_o the_o master_n get_v it_o not_o the_o commonwealth_n do_v and_o how_o will_v luton_n and_o hitch_v do_v for_o hay_n be_v it_o not_o for_o pullox-hill_n gravenhurst_n or_o how_o will_v cambridge_n do_v be_v it_o not_o for_o the_o fen_n yea_o i_o have_v know_v that_o hay_n have_v be_v carry_v out_o of_o bedfordshire_n to_o london_n thirty_o five_o mile_n and_o i_o be_o sure_a that_o it_o be_v a_o easy_a matter_n to_o drive_v fat_a cattle_n a_o hundred_o mile_n then_o to_o carry_v corn_n forty_o by_o land_n neither_o will_v i_o have_v chiltern-ground_n turn_v to_o pasture_n because_o there_o a_o acre_n of_o arable_a be_v more_o worth_a than_o a_o acre_n of_o pasture_n yet_o certain_o it_o plain_o appear_v by_o this_o that_o general_o there_o be_v more_o want_n of_o pasture_n in_o england_n then_o of_o arable_a for_o that_o we_o have_v daily_o fat_a cattle_n bring_v out_o of_o ireland_n and_o scotland_n but_o never_o any_o go_v out_o but_o where_o grain_n come_v in_o once_o it_o go_v out_o ten_o time_n chap._n xxxiv_o of_o the_o choice_n of_o a_o rich_a ground_n for_o a_o general_a fat_a soil_n and_o such_o as_o be_v good_a for_o all_o thing_n or_o at_o least_o most_o thing_n both_o grass_n and_o grain_n for_o indeed_o no_o ground_n be_v fit_a for_o all_o thing_n non_fw-la omnis_fw-la fert_fw-la omne_fw-la tellus_fw-la the_o black_a ground_n of_o a_o good_a deep_a staple_n with_o a_o mixture_n of_o gravel_n or_o sand_n be_v not_o unworthy_o commend_v of_o the_o poet_n lib._n 3._o georgic_n pinguis_fw-la item_n quae_fw-la sit_fw-la tellus_fw-la hoc_fw-la denique_fw-la pacto_fw-la discimus_fw-la haud_fw-la unquam_fw-la manibus_fw-la jactata_fw-la fatiscit_fw-la sed_fw-la picis_fw-la in_o morem_fw-la ad_fw-la digitos_fw-la lentescit_fw-la habendo_fw-la humida_fw-la majores_fw-la herbas_fw-la alit_fw-la ipsáque_fw-la justo_fw-la laetiorâ—_n ah_o nimiùm_fw-la nè_fw-la sit_fw-la mihi_fw-la fertilis_fw-la illa_fw-la neu_n see_v praevalidam_n primis_fw-la ostentet_fw-la aristis_fw-la for_o this_o we_o commend_v ailesbury_a and_o some_o extol_v as_o high_o earth_n that_o be_v of_o a_o red_a colour_n as_o the_o ground_n about_o armagh_n in_o ireland_n which_o some_o report_n have_v have_v no_o manner_n of_o manure_v since_o the_o memory_n of_o man_n i_o know_v some_o such_o black_a ground_n in_o pullox-hill_n aforesaid_a but_o i_o know_v no_o such_o red_a virgil_n also_o say_v that_o if_o you_o dig_v a_o deep_a hole_n in_o the_o ground_n and_o fill_v it_o up_o again_o if_o you_o can_v tread_v in_o the_o earth_n again_o than_o it_o be_v rich_a arable_a ground_n 2._o georgiâ—_n altéque_fw-la jubebis_fw-la in_o solido_fw-la puteum_fw-la demitti_fw-la omnémque_fw-la repones_fw-la rursus_fw-la humum_fw-la &_o pedibus_fw-la summas_fw-la aequabis_fw-la arenas_fw-la si_fw-mi deerunt_fw-la rarum_fw-la pecorÃque_fw-la &_o vitibus_fw-la almis_fw-la aptius_fw-la uber_fw-la erit_fw-la sin_n in_o sua_fw-la posse_fw-la negabunt_fw-la ire_fw-la loca_fw-la &_o scrobibus_fw-la superabit_fw-la terra_fw-la repletis_fw-la spissus_fw-la agre_z glebas_fw-la cunctantes_fw-la crassáque_fw-la terga_fw-la expecta_fw-la &_o validis_fw-la terram_fw-la prosciâ—de_fw-la juvencis_fw-la also_o a_o sweet_a smell_n after_o the_o first_o rain_n or_o a_o drought_n or_o after_o new_a plough_v be_v a_o token_n of_o