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ground_n best_a year_n yield_v 80 3 6.7074 4 false
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ID Title Author Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication) STC Words Pages
A09729 The nevve and admirable arte of setting of corne with all the necessarie tooles and other circumstances belonging to the same: the particular titles whereof, are set downe in the page following. Plat, Hugh, Sir, 1552-1611? 1600 (1600) STC 19993.5; ESTC S103552 18,282 34

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dig_v of_o your_o ground_n you_o shall_v turn_v uppe_o such_o mould_n as_o have_v not_o spend_v his_o strength_n in_o the_o former_a crop_n the_o fruit_n whereof_o you_o shall_v find_v in_o the_o next_o harvest_n and_o here_o i_o must_v of_o necessity_n acknowledge_v that_o m._n taverner_n in_o his_o book_n of_o experiment_n concern_v fish_n and_o fruit_n be_v of_o this_o year_n date_n have_v bereave_v i_o of_o one_o of_o my_o best_a observation_n in_o orchard_n ground_n the_o ignorance_n whereof_o i_o hold_v to_o be_v one_o of_o the_o special_a and_o principal_a cause_n that_o so_o many_o of_o our_o english_a orchard_n do_v never_o yield_v fruit_n answerable_a to_o our_o charge_n and_o travel_v the_o secret_a whereof_o be_v this_o brief_o every_o ground_n have_v natural_o a_o upper_a crust_n of_o earth_n which_o by_o the_o livelie_a and_o vivify_a heat_n of_o the_o sun_n the_o comfortable_a nature_n of_o the_o air_n together_o with_o the_o congelative_a part_n of_o the_o rain_n for_o so_o m._n bernard_n palissie_n term_v it_o be_v the_o first_o author_n of_o a_o five_o element_n which_o often_o fall_v upon_o the_o ground_n be_v make_v more_o rich_a and_o fruitful_a than_o all_o the_o residue_n of_o the_o earth_n beside_o which_o upper_a crust_n in_o some_o ground_n be_v a_o foot_n in_o some_o two_o and_o in_o some_o three_o foot_n deep_a and_o in_o some_o not_o above_o half_a a_o foot_n and_o under_o the_o same_o upper_a crust_n be_v either_o a_o hot_a chalk_n a_o dry_a sand_n a_o barren_a gravel_n or_o a_o cold_a lean_a clay_n or_o loom_n or_o such_o like_a it_o be_v therefore_o requisite_a that_o you_o set_v your_o young_a tree_n in_o such_o sort_n as_o that_o the_o root_n may_v run_v and_o spread_v within_o that_o upper_a crust_n and_o if_o you_o set_v they_o deep_o they_o may_v happy_o grow_v but_o never_o bring_v forth_o fruit_n in_o any_o plentiful_a manner_n nay_o though_o the_o earth_n shall_v consist_v of_o one_o and_o the_o self_n same_o vein_n and_o of_o one_o colour_n and_o nature_n in_o show_n yet_o because_o the_o sun_n do_v not_o give_v his_o impression_n nor_o digestion_n unto_o the_o earth_n but_o to_o a_o certain_a depth_n which_o i_o guess_v not_o much_o to_o exceed_v two_o foot_n you_o shall_v find_v that_o all_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o mould_n under_o that_o depth_n will_v be_v lean_a and_o hungry_a not_o have_v any_o strength_n or_o fatness_n in_o it_o and_o this_o be_v the_o reason_n why_o such_o earth_n as_o have_v be_v dig_v out_o of_o vault_n and_o cellar_n not_o have_v receive_v any_o life_n or_o comfort_n from_o the_o sun_n beam_n though_o of_o never_o so_o black_a and_o rich_a mould_n in_o outward_a appearance_n if_o it_o be_v spread_v upon_o garden_n ground_n do_v make_v they_o utter_o barren_a and_o unfruitful_a that_o which_o be_v here_o speak_v of_o orchard_n ground_n i_o will_v have_v all_o wise_a and_o skilful_a husbandman_n to_o apply_v also_o to_o their_o corn_n ground_n that_o in_o any_o case_n they_o never_o 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also_o dislike_v as_o not_o make_v sufficient_a riddance_n of_o ground_n and_o in_o place_n thereof_o a_o board_n of_o three_o foot_n or_o thereabouts_o in_o length_n and_o twelve_o or_o ten_o inch_n in_o breadth_n be_v think_v upon_o have_v diverse_a hole_n bore_v therein_o according_a to_o such_o distance_n as_o every_o particular_a man_n best_o fancy_v through_o each_o of_o which_o hole_n a_o wooden_a dibber_n or_o pin_n be_v thrust_v into_o the_o ground_n be_v of_o the_o bigness_n of_o one_o finger_n and_o of_o three_o or_o four_o inch_n in_o length_n have_v a_o shoulder_n or_o hole_n with_o a_o cross_a pin_n to_o keep_v oneself_o same_o certainty_n in_o the_o depth_n of_o each_o hole_n the_o last_o devise_n that_o as_o yet_o have_v come_v to_o my_o view_n but_o now_o reject_v because_o in_o the_o draw_v out_o of_o so_o many_o pin_n the_o hole_n do_v choke_v be_v a_o board_n of_o the_o same_o largeness_n with_o the_o former_a drive_v full_a of_o round_a pin_n of_o three_o or_o four_o inch_n deep_a within_o the_o board_n and_o place_v each_o from_o other_o in_o equal_a distance_n by_o a_o true_a proportion_n which_o at_o one_o impression_n make_v so_o many_o receptacle_n for_o the_o corn_n as_o there_o be_v pin_n in_o the_o board_n these_o board_n be_v direct_v by_o a_o gardiner_n line_n first_o strain_v to_o some_o reasonable_a length_n or_o by_o the_o eye_n and_o thereby_o a_o straight_a course_n be_v keep_v in_o the_o set_n when_o each_o hole_n have_v receive_v a_o corn_n then_o must_v you_o rake_v over_o the_o ground_n to_o fill_v up_o those_o hole_n with_o earth_n again_o and_o during_o all_o the_o time_n of_o set_v and_o rake_v you_o must_v stand_v or_o kneel_v upon_o one_o of_o your_o board_n which_o you_o must_v remove_v from_o place_n to_o place_n as_o your_o set_n and_o rake_v from_o time_n to_o time_n require_v here_o for_o the_o satisfaction_n of_o the_o simple_a i_o have_v think_v good_a also_o to_o set_v down_o the_o length_n of_o your_o board_n 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which_o consist_v of_o this_o matter_n be_v worth_a the_o break_n up_o though_o they_o be_v ancient_a and_o have_v lie_v long_o uncover_v but_o the_o best_a and_o hearty_a be_v that_o which_o have_v be_v keep_v always_o cover_v and_o defend_v from_o the_o rain_n this_o kind_n of_o soil_n be_v also_o good_a for_o wheat_n ground_n and_o three_o load_n thereof_o be_v a_o sufficient_a proportion_n for_o one_o acre_n and_o if_o you_o intend_v the_o same_o for_o grass_n you_o must_v spread_v it_o upon_o the_o ground_n about_o alhallountide_n the_o light_n of_o this_o secret_a i_o receive_v from_o a_o yorkshire_n gentleman_n a_o man_n both_o of_o great_a gift_n and_o great_a possession_n who_o assure_v i_o of_o three_o year_n trial_n make_v by_o himself_o with_o very_o good_a success_n who_o opinion_n be_v that_o three_o load_n thereof_o will_v enrich_v one_o acre_n of_o ground_n for_o seven_o year_n at_o the_o least_o sal_fw-la armoniake_n be_v a_o volatile_a salt_n first_o incorporate_v 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have_v reserve_v for_o the_o conclusion_n of_o this_o title_n he_o assure_v i_o of_o a_o gentleman_n at_o this_o present_a dwell_n in_o cornwall_n who_o be_v very_o industrious_a and_o search_v into_o the_o work_n of_o nature_n will_v needs_o attempt_v the_o sow_v of_o wheat_n in_o his_o arable_a ground_n be_v of_o such_o kind_n nature_n and_o quality_n as_o be_v mere_o repugnant_a and_o unfit_a for_o that_o grain_n as_o the_o experience_n sell_v draw_v upon_o a_o sle_z have_v one_o of_o the_o head_n bore_v full_a of_o small_a hole_n like_o a_o water_v pot_n the_o residence_n or_o ground_n of_o the_o oad_o fat_a serve_v also_o to_o enrich_v ground_n with_o malt_n dust_n may_v here_o also_o challenge_v his_o place_n for_o four_o or_o five_o quarter_n thereof_o be_v sufficient_a for_o a_o acre_n of_o ground_n the_o hulle_n which_o be_v divide_v from_o the_o oat_n in_o the_o make_n of_o oatmeal_n either_o in_o their_o own_o present_a nature_n or_o be_v burn_v to_o ash_n make_v a_o excellent_a substance_n for_o enrich_v of_o ground_n fearne_n either_o rot_v to_o dung_n by_o a_o mixture_n of_o earth_n among_o it_o or_o consume_v with_o fire_n into_o ash_n make_v a_o singular_a soil_n to_o lay_v upon_o barren_a and_o hungry_a ground_n when_o the_o iron_n stone_n or_o oar_n be_v burn_v those_o fine_a ash_n that_o be_v sift_v from_o the_o same_o do_v prove_v a_o most_o excellent_a substance_n for_o the_o enrich_n of_o wet_a meadow_n or_o marish_a ground_n especial_o such_o as_o be_v rushy_a slaggie_a or_o sedgy_a and_o will_v bring_v the_o same_o to_o a_o fine_a sweet_a grass_n you_o shall_v find_v the_o ground_n every_o year_n better_o than_o other_o with_o a_o manifest_a and_o apparent_a difference_n between_o that_o parcel_n of_o your_o ground_n which_o you_o have_v enrich_v therewith_o and_o all_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o same_o field_n both_o by_o the_o glorious_a green_a colour_n which_o it_o carry_v and_o also_o by_o the_o delight_n of_o the_o cattle_n continual_o feed_v thereon_o and_o refuse_v the_o other_o till_o that_o be_v spend_v there_o be_v plenty_n of_o this_o matter_n to_o be_v have_v in_o sussex_n essex_n wales_n and_o such_o other_o shire_n wherein_o there_o have_v be_v any_o long_a continuance_n of_o iron_n work_v and_o those_o hill_n which_o consist_v of_o this_o matter_n be_v worth_a the_o break_n up_o though_o they_o be_v ancient_a and_o have_v lie_v long_o uncover_v but_o the_o best_a and_o hearty_a be_v that_o which_o have_v be_v keep_v always_o cover_v and_o defend_v from_o the_o rain_n this_o kind_n of_o soil_n be_v also_o good_a for_o wheat_n ground_n and_o three_o load_n thereof_o be_v a_o sufficient_a proportion_n for_o one_o acre_n and_o if_o you_o intend_v the_o same_o for_o grass_n you_o must_v spread_v it_o upon_o the_o ground_n about_o alhallountide_n the_o light_n of_o this_o secret_a i_o receive_v from_o a_o yorkshire_n gentleman_n a_o man_n both_o of_o great_a gift_n and_o great_a possession_n who_o assure_v i_o of_o three_o year_n trial_n make_v by_o himself_o with_o very_o good_a success_n who_o opinion_n be_v that_o three_o load_n thereof_o will_v enrich_v one_o acre_n of_o ground_n for_o seven_o year_n at_o the_o least_o sal_fw-la armoniake_n be_v a_o volatile_a salt_n first_o incorporate_v and_o rot_v in_o common_a earth_n be_v think_v to_o be_v a_o rich_a mould_n to_o plant_v or_o set_v in_o quaere_fw-la of_o steep_v grain_n in_o water_n have_v a_o true_a proportion_n thereof_o first_o dissolve_v in_o it_o but_o he_o that_o can_v prove_v so_o fortunate_a as_o to_o find_v out_o the_o true_a sal_fw-la armoniake_n of_o mettle_n shall_v be_v able_a with_o small_a quantity_n to_o work_v great_a wonder_n in_o this_o kind_n dog_n and_o cat_n and_o other_o beast_n and_o general_o all_o carrion_n bury_v under_o the_o root_n of_o tree_n in_o a_o due_a time_n will_v make_v they_o flourish_v and_o bring_v forth_o fruit_n in_o great_a abundance_n here_o i_o can_v omit_v a_o strange_a secret_n deliver_v by_o a_o gentleman_n of_o good_a worth_n unto_o i_o even_o before_o this_o work_n be_v full_o perfect_v which_o i_o have_v reserve_v for_o the_o conclusion_n of_o this_o title_n he_o assure_v i_o of_o a_o gentleman_n at_o this_o present_a dwell_n in_o cornwall_n who_o be_v very_o industrious_a and_o search_v into_o the_o work_n of_o nature_n will_v needs_o attempt_v the_o sow_v of_o wheat_n in_o his_o arable_a ground_n be_v of_o such_o kind_n nature_n and_o quality_n as_o be_v mere_o repugnant_a and_o unfit_a for_o that_o grain_n as_o the_o experience_n of_o the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o country_n round_o about_o he_o do_v manifest_o declare_v and_o this_o he_o perform_v only_o by_o infuse_v his_o seed_n corn_n four_o and_o twenty_o hour_n in_o a_o strong_a liquor_n that_o have_v descend_v from_o his_o muck-heape_n into_o a_o receptacle_n of_o brick_n but_o he_o never_o infuse_v his_o corn_n as_o i_o be_o inform_v till_o the_o liquor_n have_v be_v of_o two_o year_n date_n and_o he_o always_o dry_v his_o corn_n before_o he_o sow_v it_o quaere_fw-la if_o in_o less_o time_n and_o without_o dry_v the_o same_o effect_n will_v not_o follow_v chap._n 7._o how_o to_o make_v choice_n of_o your_o seed_n corn_n such_o corn_n as_o be_v rub_v between_o one_o hand_n out_o of_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o ear_n the_o upper_a and_o nether_a part_n thereof_o be_v first_o divide_v i_o hold_v with_o bap._n porta_n to_o be_v the_o most_o fruitful_a seed_n of_o all_o the_o rest_n and_o that_o the_o hand_n though_o it_o be_v a_o more_o labour-some_a work_n do_v perform_v this_o better_a than_o the_o flail_n which_o make_v no_o division_n of_o the_o grain_n and_o yet_o bruise_v a_o great_a part_n thereof_o by_o the_o violence_n of_o the_o stroke_n but_o if_o your_o thresh_v wheat_n content_v you_o than_o be_v it_o best_o either_o to_o pick_v each_o corn_n by_o itself_o and_o so_o to_o divide_v the_o good_a from_o the_o bad_a which_o be_v a_o fit_a work_n for_o child_n and_o may_v the_o rather_o be_v endure_v for_o that_o so_o small_a a_o proportion_n of_o seed_n will_v serve_v to_o set_v a_o acre_n viz._n 12._o pint_n thereof_o if_o each_o grain_n be_v at_o sieve_n inch_n distance_n as_o some_o have_v observe_v or_o else_o to_o pour_v your_o corn_n into_o a_o tub_n of_o water_n stir_v it_o up_o and_o down_o whereby_o the_o best_a and_o heavy_a corn_n will_v sink_v to_o the_o bottom_n and_o the_o light_a grain_n will_v fleet_n and_o float_n in_o the_o top_n which_o may_v easy_o be_v sever_v i_o know_v no_o other_o mean_n serve_v for_o the_o choice_n of_o your_o seed_n corn_n save_v those_o which_o be_v so_o usual_a and_o common_a as_o that_o they_o deserve_v no_o place_n among_o new_a invention_n and_o therefore_o i_o do_v here_o advise_o omit_v to_o touch_v or_o name_v they_o chap._n 8._o the_o difference_n of_o yield_v between_o the_o plough_n and_o the_o spade_n with_o some_o new_a addition_n to_o the_o plough_n he_o that_o reap_v four_o quarter_n of_o wheat_n out_o of_o one_o acre_n by_o his_o plough_n do_v hold_v himself_o well_o content_v as_o with_o a_o rich_a crop_n which_o be_v eight_o at_o the_o least_o for_o one_o i_o know_v the_o great_a number_n do_v scarce_o attain_v seven_o for_o one_o and_o many_o but_o six_o for_o one_o but_o if_o he_o have_v ten_o or_o twelve_o for_o one_o than_o he_o acknowledge_v himself_o to_o have_v receive_v a_o extraordinary_a favour_n and_o blessing_n from_o the_o heaven_n yet_o because_o both_o happy_o and_o by_o credible_a report_n it_o be_v come_v to_o my_o hand_n i_o will_v here_o set_v down_o one_o rare_a experiment_n perform_v this_o last_o year_n with_o the_o plough_n wherein_o no_o doubt_n the_o actor_n do_v strive_v even_o in_o the_o strength_n of_o his_o wit_n and_o spirit_n to_o make_v the_o best_a imitation_n which_o he_o can_v of_o the_o spade_n the_o ground_n have_v a_o natural_a decline_a or_o descent_n by_o his_o own_o situation_n be_v first_o cross_v plough_v with_o a_o very_a deep_a cut_a plough_n and_o then_o plough_v over_o the_o three_o time_n with_o a_o shallow_a plough_n that_o make_v very_o close_a &_o narrow_a furrow_n then_o be_v the_o seed_n sow_v by_o a_o skilful_a sower_n and_o then_o harrow_v over_o and_o by_o this_o new_a practice_n the_o owner_n obtain_v 15._o quarter_n i_o dare_v not_o say_v 20._o upon_o each_o acre_n which_o he_o sow_v i_o do_v not_o cite_v this_o strange_a &_o admirable_a experiment_n either_o to_o overthrow_v the_o whole_a frame_n of_o my_o former_a work_n by_o undermine_v the_o foundation_n thereof_o or_o to_o hinder_v the_o labour_n of_o so_o many_o thousand_o of_o poor_a and_o distress_a people_n which_o by_o dig_v and_o set_v be_v like_a to_o be_v
the_o new_a and_o admirable_a art_n of_o set_v of_o corn_n with_o all_o the_o necessary_a tool_n and_o other_o circumstance_n belong_v to_o the_o same_o the_o particular_a title_n whereof_o be_v set_v down_o in_o the_o page_n follow_v adam_n tool_n revive_v magnus_fw-la deus_fw-la in_o minimis_fw-la imprint_v at_o london_n by_o peter_n short_a dwell_v at_o the_o sign_n of_o the_o star_n on_o bredstreet_n hill_n 1600._o the_o content_n of_o this_o book_n 1_o how_o this_o invention_n begin_v 2_o the_o reason_n why_o corn_n do_v shoot_v up_o into_o so_o many_o ear_n rather_o by_o set_v then_o sow_v 3_o the_o manner_n of_o dig_v and_o lay_v of_o the_o arable_a ground_n in_o this_o new_a practice_n 4_o the_o several_a instrument_n for_o make_v the_o hole_n for_o the_o grain_n and_o cover_v they_o 5_o at_o what_o depth_n and_o distance_n your_o corn_n must_v be_v set_v 6_o whether_o it_o be_v good_a to_o fill_v the_o hole_n with_o common_a earth_n and_o to_o prepare_v the_o seed_n before_o it_o be_v set_v 7_o how_o to_o make_v choice_n of_o your_o seed_n corn_n 8_o the_o difference_n of_o yield_v between_o the_o plough_n and_o the_o spade_n with_o some_o new_a addition_n to_o the_o plough_n the_o new_a find_v art_n of_o set_v of_o corne._n chap._n 1._o how_o this_o invention_n begin_v here_o i_o may_v rather_o probable_o conjecture_v then_o certain_o determine_v how_o this_o new_a conceit_n in_o set_v of_o grain_n begin_v happy_o some_o silly_a wench_n have_v a_o few_o corn_n of_o wheat_n mix_v with_o some_o other_o seed_n and_o be_v careless_a of_o the_o work_n she_o have_v in_o hand_n may_v now_o and_o then_o in_o steed_n of_o a_o radish_n or_o carrot_n seed_n let_v fall_v a_o wheat_n corn_n into_o the_o ground_n which_o after_o braunch_v itself_o into_o many_o ear_n and_o yield_v so_o great_a increase_n give_v just_a occasion_n of_o some_o far_a trial_n peradventure_o the_o great_a and_o rich_a fertillitie_n that_o do_v usual_o happen_v in_o the_o set_n of_o bean_n and_o pease_n may_v stir_v up_o some_o practise_v wit_n or_o other_o to_o make_v the_o like_a experience_n in_o wheat_n and_o barley_n or_o who_o know_v whether_o that_o enigmatical_a marriage_n between_o bacchus_n and_o ceres_n so_o close_o couch_v in_o such_o figurative_a term_n by_o johan._n baptista_n porta_n in_o his_o magia_n naturalis_fw-la in_o the_o perclose_n of_o his_o title_n de_fw-fr novis_fw-la plantis_fw-la producendis_fw-la may_v give_v some_o light_n unto_o this_o new_a and_o late_a invention_n of_o we_o and_o last_o i_o have_v be_v credible_o inform_v that_o this_o manner_n of_o prick_v in_o of_o corn_n have_v by_o the_o public_a impression_n of_o a_o ancient_a writer_n who_o name_n i_o can_v yet_o obtain_v even_o in_o plain_a and_o naked_a term_n be_v long_o since_o discover_v and_o manifest_v to_o the_o view_n of_o each_o reader_n but_o it_o shall_v not_o great_o skill_n from_o whence_o this_o profitable_a devise_n have_v his_o first_o beginning_n although_o for_o the_o honour_n of_o my_o country_n i_o can_v wish_v the_o same_o be_v front_v with_o the_o name_n and_o title_n of_o a_o english_a author_n and_o that_o as_o it_o have_v please_v the_o great_a god_n of_o heaven_n in_o his_o unspeakable_a mercy_n and_o love_n and_o in_o these_o time_n of_o dearth_n and_o penury_n to_o offer_v a_o most_o plentiful_a increase_n of_o our_o best_a nourish_a manna_n unto_o we_o so_o that_o we_o may_v in_o all_o dutiful_a manner_n with_o one_o heart_n and_o voice_n together_o give_v all_o thanks_n honour_n and_o praise_n unto_o so_o great_a and_o bountiful_a a_o benefactor_n who_o name_n be_v glorious_a in_o the_o heaven_n and_o who_o mighty_a power_n extend_v itself_o over_o the_o face_n of_o the_o whole_a earth_n cvi_fw-la laus_fw-la in_o saecula_fw-la saeculorum_fw-la amen_n chap._n 2._o the_o reason_n why_o corn_n do_v shoot_v up_o into_o so_o many_o ear_n rather_o by_o set_v then_o sow_v the_o consideration_n hereof_o may_v well_o deserve_v to_o be_v handle_v in_o the_o second_o place_n in_o my_o opinion_n both_o quia_fw-la turpe_fw-la est_fw-la philosopho_fw-la quidquam_fw-la sine_fw-la ratione_fw-la proffer_v as_o tully_n hold_v and_o also_o for_o that_o it_o be_v a_o principal_a motive_n to_o stir_v up_o a_o number_n of_o drowsy_a wit_n to_o the_o practice_n hereof_o who_o not_o as_o yet_o find_v or_o conceit_v any_o sensible_a reason_n for_o the_o same_o be_v rather_o content_a with_o the_o fly-bitten_a and_o lean_a jade_n to_o live_v or_o starve_v upon_o the_o bare_a common_a then_o by_o seek_v out_o of_o better_a pasture_n to_o gather_v more_o flesh_n upon_o their_o back_n and_o to_o grow_v in_o better_a like_n in_o the_o sight_n of_o all_o that_o shall_v behold_v they_o such_o winter_n corn_n then_o as_o be_v usual_o sow_v before_o or_o about_o alhallownetide_v in_o my_o poor_a reason_n must_v of_o necessity_n loose_v a_o great_a part_n of_o his_o generative_a virtue_n and_o radical_a humidity_n both_o by_o the_o extreme_a nip_a of_o the_o cold_a northern_a and_o easterly_a wind_n and_o the_o bitter_a frost_n and_o hail_n together_o with_o the_o great_a abundance_n of_o the_o cold_a rainy_a shower_n which_o in_o the_o winter_n season_n do_v so_o plentiful_o attach_v and_o fall_v upon_o the_o grain_n lie_v then_o either_o naked_a and_o bare_a to_o all_o weather_n or_o very_o slender_o clothe_v with_o a_o poor_a and_o thin_a garment_n not_o able_a suffientlie_o to_o defend_v the_o inward_a and_o secret_a fire_n of_o nature_n from_o such_o outward_a and_o pierce_a enemy_n yea_o though_o it_o have_v take_v root_n and_o get_v some_o head_n before_o this_o boisterous_a weather_n do_v happen_v yet_o by_o reason_n that_o the_o root_n be_v shallow_a and_o have_v take_v so_o slender_a hold_n in_o the_o ground_n either_o the_o inward_a balsamum_n be_v wash_v away_o with_o moisture_n or_o nip_v with_o extreme_a cold_n that_o it_o can_v possible_o send_v forth_o so_o many_o spire_a stalk_n and_o ear_n as_o natural_o it_o will_v beside_o the_o earth_n be_v full_a of_o clod_n and_o not_o sufficient_o break_v into_o a_o fine_a mould_n with_o the_o plough_n the_o corn_n can_v so_o easy_o and_o plentiful_o by_o this_o attractive_a nature_n draw_v for_o his_o own_o nourishment_n such_o store_n of_o that_o vegetative_a salt_n from_o the_o earth_n as_o it_o desire_v the_o virtue_n and_o strength_n whereof_o be_v more_o at_o large_a handle_v in_o my_o book_n of_o husbandry_n print_v anno_fw-la 1594._o and_o in_o that_o learned_a discourse_n of_o m._n bernard_n palissie_n in_o his_o book_n entitle_v des_fw-mi eau_fw-fr &_o fonteine_v but_o on_o the_o other_o side_n when_o as_o the_o corn_n of_o wheat_n shall_v lie_v so_o deep_a within_o their_o true_a and_o natural_a bed_n even_o their_o own_o mother_n belly_n the_o earth_n be_v make_v so_o hollow_a &_o open_a with_o the_o spade_n whereby_o they_o may_v also_o draw_v sufficient_a nourishment_n at_o their_o pleasure_n then_o be_v all_o these_o outward_a and_o injurious_a storm_n of_o hail_n and_o rain_n so_o sufficient_o defend_v by_o this_o armour_n of_o proof_n as_o that_o the_o corn_n have_v his_o true_a and_o natural_a putrefaction_n be_v not_o perform_v without_o the_o help_n of_o a_o kindly_a heat_n do_v afterward_o in_o his_o due_a season_n bring_v forth_o that_o infinite_a multiplication_n whereof_o we_o have_v have_v so_o many_o and_o rich_a experiment_n of_o late_a far_o beyond_o all_o the_o hope_n and_o harvest_n of_o all_o our_o predecessor_n chap._n 3._o the_o manner_n of_o dig_v and_o lay_v of_o the_o arable_a ground_n in_o this_o new_a practice_n when_o and_o how_o to_o dig_v weed_n or_o trench_v your_o ground_n with_o the_o spade_n be_v a_o matter_n so_o trivial_a and_o well_o know_v already_o to_o every_o country_n coridon_n as_o that_o i_o hold_v it_o not_o a_o fit_a subject_n for_o a_o scholar_n pen_n and_o therefore_o here_o i_o must_v refer_v you_o to_o those_o beat_a path_n wherein_o every_o simple_a gardener_n have_v walk_v a_o long_a time_n only_o the_o depth_n of_o dig_v and_o true_a lay_v of_o the_o ground_n seem_v to_o be_v material_a in_o this_o our_o new_a kind_n of_o husbandry_n some_o in_o this_o late_a practice_n by_o their_o experience_n commend_v the_o break_n up_o of_o the_o ground_n a_o foot_n and_o a_o half_a deep_a and_o some_o two_o foot_n and_o some_o but_o one_o foot_n but_o in_o my_o opinion_n since_o that_o three_z or_o four_o or_o five_o inch_n at_o the_o most_o be_v a_o sufficient_a depth_n for_o the_o corn_n to_o lie_v in_o i_o see_v no_o reason_n but_o that_o eight_o or_o twelve_o inch_n more_o be_v a_o depth_n sufficient_a for_o the_o corn_n to_o root_v in_o this_o be_v grant_v then_o shall_v you_o have_v this_o far_a benefit_n ensue_v that_o at_o the_o next_o break_v up_o and_o
of_o wheat_n upon_o one_o acre_n of_o ground_n and_o that_o four_o inch_n in_o depth_n and_o four_o in_o distance_n have_v yield_v but_o twenty_o quarter_n happy_o the_o ground_n or_o the_o seed_n corn_n may_v make_v the_o difference_n some_o speak_v of_o five_o inch_n deep_a and_o five_o in_o distance_n with_o exceed_v great_a increase_n the_o true_a find_v out_o of_o which_o proportion_n may_v easy_o be_v obtain_v by_o several_a trial_n make_v at_o several_a depth_n and_o distance_n together_o at_o one_o time_n and_o in_o oneself_o same_o piece_n of_o ground_n only_o here_o i_o must_v remember_v you_o of_o that_o which_o be_v speak_v of_o before_o in_o the_o title_n of_o dig_v chap._n 3._o that_o concern_v the_o depth_n you_o must_v have_v a_o especial_a care_n that_o your_o seed_n may_v lie_v within_o the_o rich_a crust_n of_o the_o earth_n and_o that_o his_o bed_n wherein_o he_o lie_v may_v also_o be_v of_o the_o same_o goodness_n or_o else_o the_o plough_n will_v discredit_v the_o spade_n chap._n 6._o whether_o it_o be_v good_a to_o fill_v the_o hole_n with_o common_a earth_n and_o to_o prepare_v the_o seed_n before_o it_o be_v set_v if_o the_o ground_n be_v a_o rich_a and_o kind_o wheat_n ground_n you_o shall_v find_v a_o sufficient_a increase_n by_o fill_v they_o up_o with_o their_o own_o proper_a mould_n for_o so_o have_v the_o great_a and_o most_o usual_a trial_n be_v hitherto_o make_v already_o yet_o some_o pregnant_a wit_n desirous_a to_o exalt_v nature_n to_o the_o high_a degree_n of_o perfection_n have_v attempt_v the_o fill_v up_o of_o those_o hole_n both_o with_o pigeon_n dung_n sheep_n dung_n and_o cow_n dung_n and_o such_o like_a but_o with_o no_o good_a success_n at_o all_o quaere_fw-la if_o this_o dung_n have_v be_v first_o rot_v into_o perfect_a earth_n and_o then_o bestow_v neither_o do_v i_o see_v any_o reason_n in_o fat_a and_o lusty_a ground_n why_o any_o further_a increase_n shall_v be_v seek_v for_o then_o have_v be_v find_v already_o for_o that_o the_o earth_n be_v not_o able_a to_o carry_v a_o great_a burden_n than_o she_o have_v bear_v of_o late_a by_o these_o usual_a practice_n which_o have_v be_v make_v but_o in_o barren_a and_o spend_v ground_n it_o be_v great_o to_o be_v wish_v that_o by_o some_o artificial_a and_o cheap_a mean_n a_o plentiful_a crop_n of_o corn_n may_v be_v have_v and_o obtain_v for_o the_o better_a furtherance_n whereof_o i_o leave_v these_o few_o conceit_n to_o the_o favourable_a consideration_n of_o those_o who_o farm_n be_v great_a than_o i_o and_o have_v have_v more_o familiar_a conference_n with_o nature_n than_o myself_o refer_v they_o also_o far_o both_o unto_o the_o literal_a and_o secret_a sense_n of_o my_o book_n of_o husbandry_n before_o mention_v and_o here_o i_o think_v it_o not_o amiss_o to_o cite_v in_o the_o first_o place_n that_o learned_a and_o poetical_a husbandman_n who_o in_o his_o first_o book_n of_o his_o georgickes_n have_v these_o hexamiter_n semina_fw-la vidi_fw-la equidem_fw-la multos_fw-la medicare_fw-la serentes_fw-la et_fw-la nitro_n prius_fw-la &_o nigra_fw-la perfundere_fw-la amurca_fw-la grandior_fw-la ut_fw-la foetus_fw-la siliquis_fw-la fallacibus_fw-la esset_fw-la et_fw-la quamuis_fw-la igni_fw-la exiguo_fw-la coquerentur_fw-la exiguo_fw-la citò_fw-la coquerentur_fw-la properata_fw-la maderent_fw-la vidi_n laeta_fw-la diu_fw-la &_o multo_fw-la probata_fw-la multo_fw-la probata_fw-la spectata_fw-la labour_v degenerare_fw-la tamen_fw-la ni_fw-fr vis_fw-la humana_fw-la quotannis_fw-la maxima_fw-la quaeque_fw-la manu_fw-la legeret_fw-la etc._n etc._n here_o we_o see_v salniter_n and_o the_o mother_n or_o lees_n of_o oil_n commend_v but_o whether_o virgil_n do_v mean_v a_o steep_v or_o imbibition_n of_o the_o grain_n in_o the_o lees_n of_o oil_n wherein_o there_o have_v be_v a_o solution_n of_o niter_fw-la or_o the_o corn_n only_o sprinkle_v over_o with_o they_o both_o in_o the_o set_n it_o be_v leave_v to_o the_o consideration_n of_o the_o reader_n but_o howsoever_o he_o intend_v the_o same_o our_o country_n do_v neither_o afford_v store_n of_o niter_fw-la nor_o yet_o of_o amurca_fw-la to_o perform_v many_o if_o any_o acre_n therewith_o and_o though_o it_o do_v yet_o will_v it_o prove_v a_o work_n of_o great_a charge_n and_o trouble_v as_o i_o suppose_v then_o will_v be_v endure_v unless_o it_o be_v in_o some_o small_a practice_n and_o for_o the_o trial_n of_o a_o magisterie_n or_o upon_o some_o rich_a seed_n than_o wheat_n which_o in_o less_o quantity_n will_v prove_v more_o profitable_a than_o any_o ordinary_a grain_n whereof_o there_o be_v some_o few_o of_o english_a breed_n if_o i_o be_v not_o deceive_v but_o now_o let_v we_o leave_v virgil_n to_o his_o poetical_a vain_a and_o let_v we_o come_v to_o that_o glorious_a neapolitaine_n johan._n baptista_n porta_n who_o expect_v a_o general_a applause_n of_o the_o whole_a world_n for_o his_o last_o and_o learned_a book_n of_o magia_n naturalis_fw-la as_o in_o his_o preface_n to_o the_o reader_n by_o a_o recapitulation_n of_o all_o his_o infinite_a reading_n charge_n and_o conference_n with_o the_o great_a clerk_n of_o his_o time_n he_o will_v intimate_v unto_o we_o and_o wash_v our_o eye_n first_o in_o eyebright_n water_n let_v we_o see_v whether_o we_o be_v able_a to_o pierce_v and_o penetrate_v into_o these_o thick_a and_o foggy_a cloud_n of_o skill_n which_o he_o have_v in_o so_o many_o close_a and_o figurative_a term_n as_o willing_a to_o vaunt_v of_o his_o own_o wit_n but_o unwilling_a to_o benefit_v other_o so_o strange_o deliver_v unto_o us._n i_o find_v in_o the_o latter_a end_n of_o his_o three_o book_n entitle_v de_fw-la novis_fw-la plantis_fw-la producendis_fw-la and_o over_o the_o 21._o chapter_n this_o superscription_n quomodo_fw-la fruges_fw-la satis_fw-la amplo_fw-la foenore_fw-la exsatu_fw-la colligamus_fw-la &_o è_fw-la vineis_fw-la vinum_fw-la whereupon_o he_o discourse_v in_o manner_n follow_v ut_fw-la luculentam_fw-la satisque_fw-la exoptatam_fw-la coronidem_fw-la huic_fw-la nostro_fw-la libro_fw-la imponeremus_fw-la docebimus_fw-la quomodo_fw-la frumentacea_n &_o legumina_fw-la satis_fw-la amplo_fw-la foenore_fw-la è_fw-la satu_fw-la colligamus_fw-la &_o è_fw-la vineis_fw-la vinum_fw-la res_fw-la profecto_fw-la immensae_fw-la utilitatis_fw-la ut_fw-la ex_fw-la uno_fw-la modio_fw-la plus_fw-la centuplo_fw-la proveniat_fw-la sed_fw-la ne_fw-la quis_fw-la quod_fw-la centuplum_fw-la plus_fw-la accipiet_fw-la dixerim_fw-la putet_fw-la velim_fw-la hunc_fw-la exactum_fw-la modiorum_fw-la numerum_fw-la ex_fw-la uno_fw-la sato_fw-la collecturum_fw-la nam_fw-la anno_fw-la coelo_fw-la solo_fw-la &_o syderibus_fw-la renuentibus_fw-la minor_fw-la erit_fw-la collectio_fw-la sed_fw-la non_fw-la tam_fw-la minor_fw-la quin_fw-la quintuplo_fw-la usitatum_fw-la non_fw-la superet_fw-la at_o his_o faventibus_fw-la ex_fw-la uno_fw-la modio_fw-la centeni_fw-la quinquageni_fw-la reddentur_fw-la sed_fw-la pollicitatio_fw-la haec_fw-la nostra_fw-la aliquibus_fw-la paradoxum_fw-la videbitur_fw-la sed_fw-la si_fw-la sanae_fw-la mentis_fw-la essent_fw-la maximum_fw-la profecto_fw-la videri_fw-la deberet_fw-la paradoxum_fw-la cur_n ex_fw-la sato_fw-la semodio_fw-la ducentos_fw-la modios_fw-la non_fw-la recipiamus_fw-la quum_fw-la ex_fw-la sato_fw-la &_o concepto_fw-la acino_fw-la videamus_fw-la radicem_fw-la in_o multiplices_fw-la &_o numeroso_n culmos_fw-la fructificare_fw-la plus_fw-la minus_fw-la quindecim_fw-la &_o in_o spica_fw-la sexaginta_fw-la grana_fw-la contineri_fw-la mitto_fw-la byzacij_fw-la africa_n solum_fw-la plinij_fw-la quod_fw-la uno_fw-la grano_fw-la quadringenta_fw-la paucis_fw-la minus_fw-la germina_fw-la miserit_fw-la misitque_fw-la ex_fw-la eo_fw-la loco_fw-la procurator_n neroni_n cccxl_o stipulas_fw-la ex_fw-la uno_fw-la grano_fw-la sed_fw-la causam_fw-la venemur_fw-la unde_fw-la id_fw-la accidere_fw-la possit_fw-la sunt_fw-la qui_fw-la dicant_fw-la id_fw-la evenire_fw-la quod_fw-la pars_fw-la maior_fw-la iacti_fw-la frumenti_fw-la ex_fw-la volucribus_fw-la talpis_fw-la vermibus_fw-la alijsque_fw-la subterraneis_fw-la animalibus_fw-la devoretur_fw-la sed_fw-la id_fw-la falsum_fw-la arguitur_fw-la quod_fw-la ex_fw-la sato_fw-la lupini_fw-la modio_fw-la non_fw-la plus_fw-la minus_fw-la quindecim_fw-la recipiuntur_fw-la quin_fw-la lupinum_fw-la impunè_fw-la iaceat_fw-la derelictum_fw-la ab_fw-la omnibus_fw-la animalibus_fw-la sva_fw-la ingrata_fw-la amaritudine_fw-la tutum_fw-la &_o suis_fw-la in_o thecis_fw-la vaginulisque_n plus_fw-la minus_fw-la centum_fw-la grana_fw-la contineantur_fw-la sunt_fw-la alij_fw-la qui_fw-la id_fw-la eoelo_fw-la ascribant_fw-la frigorum_fw-la calorumque_fw-la iniurijs_fw-la vel_fw-la imbrium_fw-la frequentijs_fw-la ut_fw-la nunc_fw-la torpeant_fw-la gelu_fw-la arua_fw-la nunc_fw-la siti_fw-la infestentur_fw-la nunc_fw-la in_o herbarum_fw-la copiam_fw-la luxurient_fw-la nunc_fw-la macie_n intabescant_fw-la sed_fw-la ho_o falsum_fw-la congruit_fw-la argumentum_fw-la quod_fw-la exmaximo_fw-la coelifavore_fw-it neque_fw-la ex_fw-la uno_fw-la triceni_fw-la redduntur_fw-la sed_fw-la ne_fw-la latius_fw-la evagemur_fw-la dicimus_fw-la non_fw-la omne_fw-la spicae_fw-la &_o vaginulae_fw-la grana_fw-la nasci_fw-la nam_fw-la alia_fw-la deus_fw-la ad_fw-la escam_fw-la animalium_fw-la alia_fw-la adsemen_fw-mi destinavit_fw-la sunt_fw-la in_o spicis_fw-la grana_fw-la quasi_fw-la abortus_fw-la &_o degeneres_fw-la foetus_fw-la quae_fw-la non_fw-la foeticant_fw-la sed_fw-la desciscunt_fw-la in_o vitium_fw-la sunt_fw-la quae_fw-la è_fw-la glumis_fw-la in_o spicis_fw-la emicant_fw-la habitiora_fw-la quae_fw-la ad_fw-la propagationem_fw-la producuntur_fw-la praeterea_fw-la
nec_fw-la debito_fw-la tempore_fw-la seruntur_fw-la destituunturque_fw-la debito_fw-la agricolarum_fw-la opere_fw-la unde_fw-la si_fw-la his_fw-la obuiabimus_fw-la omne_fw-la ex_fw-la voto_fw-la succedent_fw-la semina_fw-la enim_fw-la prolixioribus_fw-la radicibus_fw-la implexis_fw-la longè_fw-la latéque_fw-la sub_fw-la tellure_n serpentibus_fw-la numerosiores_fw-la culmos_fw-la deproment_n circumundique_fw-la spicis_fw-la vallatis_fw-la sponsa_fw-la ergo_fw-la svo_fw-la viro_fw-la ducatur_fw-la non_fw-la ex_fw-la primis_fw-la vel_fw-la ultimis_fw-la natis_fw-la sed_fw-la è_fw-la medijs_fw-la quia_fw-la imbecille_n sunt_fw-la ac_fw-la balneo_fw-la secreta_fw-la &_o unguentis_fw-la delibuta_fw-la &_o pingui_fw-la depasta_fw-la caprarum_fw-la veterum_fw-la vulcano_n &_o baccho_fw-la associata_fw-la cubile_fw-la molle_fw-la &_o optimè_fw-la stratum_fw-la calefiat_fw-la vivifico_fw-la enim_fw-la calore_fw-la in_o amicam_fw-la naturam_fw-la coeunt_fw-la &_o dulcioribus_fw-la amplexibus_fw-la stringuntur_fw-la &_o haerent_fw-la sic_fw-la animata_fw-la viro_fw-la semina_fw-la non_fw-la degenerem_fw-la sed_fw-la legitimam_fw-la prolem_fw-la donent_fw-la svo_fw-la foecundo_fw-la lumine_fw-la luna_fw-la praesit_fw-la nam_fw-la ferax_fw-la feracem_fw-la reddit_fw-la id_fw-la restat_fw-la praemonendum_fw-la vxorem_fw-la baccho_fw-la ducendam_fw-la non_fw-la capillis_fw-la destitutam_fw-la nam_fw-la svo_fw-la decore_fw-la capite_fw-la destituto_fw-la spernitur_fw-la à_fw-la viro_fw-la sponsa_fw-la neque_fw-la haberet_fw-la quo_fw-la noxia_fw-la purgarentur_fw-la sed_fw-la solum_fw-la cincinnis_fw-la orbetur_fw-la sic_fw-la enim_fw-la minus_fw-la compta_fw-la plus_fw-la svo_fw-la placebit_fw-la &_o viro_fw-la which_o for_o the_o better_a understanding_n of_o such_o as_o be_v no_o latinist_n i_o have_v think_v good_a to_o translate_v into_o our_o natural_a language_n as_o follow_v how_o by_o set_v and_o plant_v of_o corn_n or_o vine_n a_o great_a and_o plentiful_a increase_n may_v be_v have_v that_o now_o at_o length_n according_a to_o my_o own_o desire_n i_o may_v shut_v up_o this_o book_n of_o plant_n with_o a_o most_o famous_a and_o renown_a conclusion_n i_o will_v here_o declare_v how_o all_o kind_n of_o corn_n and_o pulse_n together_o with_o the_o vine_n themselves_o shall_v recompense_v all_o our_o labour_n with_o great_a increase_n a_o matter_n without_o all_o question_n of_o singular_a profit_n to_o receive_v more_o than_o a_o hundred_o bushel_n for_o one_o but_o lest_o i_o be_v mistake_v in_o this_o great_a proportion_n i_o will_v not_o have_v any_o man_n to_o think_v that_o i_o do_v here_o set_v down_o any_o exact_a number_n of_o bushel_n from_o which_o nature_n can_v at_o no_o time_n vary_v for_o if_o the_o year_n the_o heaven_n and_o the_o ground_n itself_o together_o with_o the_o fatal_a influence_n of_o the_o star_n do_v all_o conspire_v together_o the_o number_n of_o our_o bushel_n will_v fall_v short_a but_o never_o so_o short_a but_o that_o they_o will_v by_o five_o degree_n exceed_v the_o accustom_a yield_v but_o if_o all_o these_o concur_v and_o afford_v their_o several_a favour_n then_o may_v we_o well_o expect_v 150._o bushel_n of_o one_o but_o this_o proud_a promise_n of_o we_o may_v happy_o seem_v a_o paradox_n unto_o some_o unto_o who_o if_o they_o be_v of_o any_o sound_n &_o sharp_a judgement_n it_o shall_v rather_o seem_v a_o great_a paradox_n why_o half_o a_o bushel_n shall_v not_o rather_o give_v 200._o hundred_o bushel_n again_o when_o as_o we_o do_v often_o see_v that_o one_o corn_n be_v set_v and_o well_o root_v do_v stem_v up_o into_o diverse_a stalk_n yea_o sometime_o to_o the_o number_n of_o fifteen_o more_o or_o less_o each_o ear_n also_o contain_v threescore_o corn_n within_o it_o i_o do_v here_o omit_v to_o speak_v of_o bizatium_n that_o fruitful_a ground_n of_o africa_n whereof_o pliny_n make_v mention_v where_o out_o of_o one_o corn_n four_o hundred_o stalk_n do_v branch_n and_o the_o governor_n of_o that_o place_n do_v also_o send_v to_o nero_n 240._o stem_n arise_v from_o one_o grain_n but_o let_v we_o seek_v out_o and_o hunt_v after_o the_o true_a reason_n hereof_o some_o be_v of_o opinion_n that_o the_o cause_n why_o the_o same_o fertility_n do_v not_o happen_v in_o our_o usual_a and_o ordinary_a manner_n of_o sow_v be_v for_o that_o a_o great_a part_n of_o the_o seed_n which_o be_v sow_v be_v devour_v by_o the_o fowl_n of_o the_o air_n by_o mole_n worm_n and_o other_o creep_a creature_n within_o the_o ground_n but_o this_o be_v manifest_o disprove_v in_o the_o sow_v of_o lupin_n whereas_o seldom_o we_o do_v reap_v little_a more_o or_o less_o than_o fifteen_o bushel_n for_o one_o although_o the_o same_o be_v so_o bitter_a a_o kind_n of_o pulse_n that_o none_o of_o all_o these_o devour_a creature_n will_v once_o touch_v it_o but_o lie_v safe_a within_o his_o hose_n each_o cod_n contain_v much_o about_o a_o hundred_o grain_n some_o attribute_n the_o same_o unto_o 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