but_o mean_v and_o rude_a and_o mr._n wheeler_n way_n much_o more_o ingenious_a 5._o i_o see_v at_o wicklesen_n the_o manner_n of_o your_o holland_n sluice_n the_o ruin_n also_o of_o a_o cochlea_n for_o the_o empty_n and_o drain_n of_o water_n of_o which_o vbaldus_n have_v write_v a_o whole_a treatise_n likewise_o a_o petty_a kind_n of_o pinnace_n with_o ordinance_n somewhat_o like_o a_o close_a litter_n but_o flat-bottomed_a which_o row_v with_o wheel_n instead_o of_o oar_n employ_v it_o seem_v former_o with_o admirable_a success_n for_o the_o take_n in_o of_o crowland_n and_o which_o give_v i_o a_o proof_n of_o what_o i_o for_o many_o year_n have_v think_v possible_a and_o of_o very_o great_a use_n and_o service_n and_o still_o think_v it_o of_o unknown_a value_n if_o it_o be_v skilful_o indeed_o frame_v and_o apply_v as_o it_o may_v be_v 6._o the_o lord_n f._n w._n assure_a i_o of_o a_o gentleman_n in_o norfolk_n that_o make_v above_o 10000_o l._n sterl_n of_o a_o piece_n of_o 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in_o europe_n yet_o it_o have_v no_o small_a want_n of_o hay_o especial_o about_o paris_n which_o have_v necessitate_v they_o to_o sow_v their_o dry_a and_o barren_a land_n with_o this_o seed_n their_o manner_n of_o sow_v it_o be_v do_v most_o common_o thus_o when_o they_o intend_v to_o let_v their_o corne-land_n lie_v because_o they_o be_v out_o of_o heart_n and_o not_o situate_a in_o a_o place_n convenient_a for_o manure_v then_o they_o sow_v that_o land_n with_o oat_n and_o these_o seed_n together_o about_o equal_a part_n the_o first_o year_n they_o only_o mow_v off_o their_o oat_n leave_v the_o saint_n foin_v to_o take_v root_n and_o strength_n that_o year_n yet_o they_o may_v if_o they_o please_v when_o the_o year_n be_v seasonable_a mow_v it_o the_o same_o year_n it_o be_v sow_v but_o it_o be_v not_o the_o best_a way_n to_o do_v so_o the_o year_n follow_v they_o mow_v it_o and_o so_o do_v seven_o year_n together_o the_o ordinary_a burden_n be_v obout_o a_o load_n or_o a_o load_n 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90._o species_n of_o grass_n in_o this_o island_n yet_o there_o be_v none_o like_o to_o this_o that_o can_v by_o any_o mean_n be_v bring_v to_o such_o a_o height_n and_o sweetness_n and_o true_o i_o suppose_v that_o the_o thorough_a examination_n of_o this_o grass_n be_v a_o thing_n of_o very_o great_a importance_n for_o the_o improvement_n of_o meadow_n and_o pasture_n and_o it_o may_v excel_v the_o great_a trefoil_n saint_n foin_n la_fw-fr lucerne_n or_o any_o exotic_a plant_n whatsoever_o and_o though_o i_o be_o very_o unwilling_a to_o exceed_v the_o bound_n of_o a_o epistle_n yet_o i_o can_v but_o certify_v you_o wherein_o the_o husbandry_n of_o this_o nation_n in_o other_o particular_n as_o i_o suppose_v be_v great_o deficient_a which_o i_o will_v do_v as_o
time_n i_o shall_v most_o ready_o and_o cheerful_o perform_v any_o service_n that_o shall_v lie_v in_o my_o power_n for_o you_o or_o any_o of_o your_o friend_n for_o your_o sake_n and_o i_o be_v very_o unreasonable_a to_o think_v troublesome_a any_o thing_n that_o you_o require_v of_o i_o when_o as_o continual_o i_o put_v you_o to_o so_o much_o trouble_v myself_o the_o last_o answer_n concern_v lucerne_n the_o information_n about_o the_o lucerne_n that_o i_o have_v get_v from_o my_o friend_n be_v a_o very_a particular_a one_o and_o contain_v a_o very_a full_a answer_n to_o all_o the_o question_n propound_v by_o your_o friend_n be_v such_o as_o follow_v it_o require_v a_o rich_a ground_n but_o somewhat_o loose_a and_o light_n so_o as_o a_o stiff_a clay_n and_o such_o other_o tough_a ground_n be_v no_o way_n fit_a for_o it_o the_o ground_n must_v not_o be_v over-dry_a nor_o over-moist_a but_o in_o a_o mean_a yet_o somewhat_o more_o incline_v to_o moisture_n then_o to_o the_o contrary_n it_o must_v be_v plough_v three_o time_n the_o first_o time_n in_o october_n and_o the_o second_o and_o three_o towards_o the_o spring_n natural_o it_o do_v not_o love_v dung_n and_o come_v much_o better_a in_o a_o ground_n that_o be_v sufficient_o rich_a of_o itself_o then_o that_o which_o have_v be_v enrich_v by_o dung_v and_o where_o dung_n be_v make_v use_n of_o it_o must_v be_v very_o stale_a and_o well_o rot_v and_o long_o before_o the_o sowing-time_n it_o can_v endure_v the_o cold_a and_o therefore_o must_v not_o be_v sow_v till_o the_o cold_a weather_n and_o all_o the_o danger_n of_o it_o be_v quite_o past_a viz._n about_o the_o beginning_n or_o midst_n of_o april_n the_o quantity_n of_o the_o seed_n be_v the_o six_o part_n of_o corn_n that_o the_o same_o ground_n will_v require_v so_o as_o only_o one_o bushel_n of_o lucerne_n be_v to_o be_v sow_v on_o that_o space_n of_o ground_n which_o will_v require_v six_o bushel_n of_o corne._n it_o must_v be_v careful_o weed_v especial_o in_o the_o beginning_n and_o to_o the_o end_n that_o it_o may_v take_v the_o more_o firm_a root_n some_o oat_n must_v be_v mix_v with_o it_o but_o in_o a_o very_a small_a proportion_n it_o be_v to_o be_v cut_v as_o soon_o as_o it_o begin_v to_o flower_n which_o in_o the_o hot_a country_n provence_n languedock_n and_o spain_n it_o do_v five_o or_o six_o time_n and_o some_o year_n seven_o and_o eight_o time_n in_o a_o summer_n but_o in_o this_o climate_n it_o use_v to_o be_v cut_v but_o twice_o a_o year_n about_o the_o end_n of_o june_n and_o about_o the_o end_n of_o september_n be_v cut_v it_o must_v be_v turn_v very_o oft_o that_o it_o may_v dry_v the_o soon_o and_o be_v carry_v off_o the_o ground_n the_o soon_a that_o may_v be_v and_o it_o must_v be_v keep_v in_o close_a barn_n be_v too_o tender_a for_o to_o be_v keep_v in_o reek_n open_a to_o the_o air_n as_o other_o hay_n it_o be_v good_a for_o all_o kind_n of_o cattle_n kine_n sheep_n goat_n and_o as_o well_o for_o the_o young_a one_o calf_n lamb_n kid_n as_o for_o the_o other_o but_o above_o all_o it_o agree_v best_a with_o horse_n it_o be_v much_o more_o feed_v then_o any_o other_o hay_n insomuch_o as_o any_o lean_a beast_n will_v soon_o grow_v fat_a with_o it_o and_o to_o milch-beast_n it_o procure_v abundance_n of_o milk_n but_o it_o must_v never_o be_v give_v alone_o especial_o to_o beast_n that_o have_v not_o be_v long_o use_v to_o it_o but_o must_v ever_o be_v mix_v with_o straw_n or_o with_o some_o other_o hay_n for_o otherwise_o it_o over-heateth_a they_o and_o fill_v they_o too_o much_o with_o blood_n and_o that_o so_o sudden_o as_o it_o great_o indanger_v their_o health_n and_o their_o life_n too_o which_o it_o do_v principal_o to_o kine_n to_o who_o it_o be_v more_o dangerous_a if_o too_o plentiful_o give_v then_o to_o any_o other_o cattle_n after_o the_o last_o cut_n you_o may_v let_v your_o cattle_n graze_v on_o your_o lucerne-field_n and_o that_o all_o winter_n long_o until_o the_o beginning_n or_o middle_n of_o march._n of_o once_o sow_v you_o will_v have_v your_o meadow_n continue_v good_a for_o 10._o or_o 12._o year_n and_o until_o 15._o and_o afterward_o too_o it_o will_v still_o continue_v to_o bear_v but_o the_o herb_n will_v then_o notable_o decay_v in_o goodness_n wherefore_o it_o be_v best_o to_o turn_v in_o then_o to_o some_o other_o use_n kine_n must_v never_o eat_v of_o this_o herb_n green_a but_o only_o dry_v and_o that_o moderate_o too_o as_o have_v be_v say_v but_o horse_n eat_v their_o fill_n of_o it_o green_a in_o the_o spring_n be_v purge_v thereby_o and_o grow_v fat_a by_o it_o in_o 8._o or_o 10._o day_n time_n if_o one_o desire_v to_o have_v of_o the_o grain_n one_o may_v let_v such_o a_o proportion_n of_o the_o meadow_n as_o one_o will_v grow_v up_o to_o seed_n after_o the_o second_o cut_v any_o year_n except_o the_o first_o only_a and_o when_o the_o seed_n be_v ripe_a the_o top_n of_o the_o herb_n with_o the_o cod_n wherein_n the_o seed_n be_v enclose_v must_v be_v cut_v in_o a_o dewy_a morning_n and_o put_v into_o sheet_n for_o fear_v of_o lose_v the_o seed_n and_o must_v be_v beat_v out_o with_o flail_n upon_o the_o same_o when_o that_o it_o be_v well_o dry_a and_o afterward_o the_o remain_a part_n of_o the_o herb_n must_v be_v mow_v close_o to_o the_o ground_n after_o which_o it_o continue_v to_o sprout_v out_o again_o after_o the_o usual_a manner_n the_o hay_n on_o it_o will_v keep_v good_a two_o or_o three_o year_n and_o one_o acre_n be_v sufficient_a to_o keep_v three_o horse_n all_o the_o year_n long_o a_o postscript_n to_o the_o last_o answer_n concern_v the_o lucerne_n sir_n the_o gentleman_n who_o have_v give_v i_o the_o note_n about_o the_o lucerne_n have_v tell_v i_o since_o two_o particular_n more_o which_o he_o have_v forget_v to_o put_v into_o it_o the_o one_o that_o not_o only_o to_o other_o cattle_n but_o even_o to_o horse_n with_o who_o that_o hay_n agree_v best_a of_o all_o other_o beast_n it_o be_v not_o to_o be_v give_v but_o in_o winter_n because_o that_o in_o the_o summer_n it_o will_v too_o much_o heat_v their_o blood_n and_o the_o other_o that_o this_o hay_n must_v be_v perfect_o well_o dry_v before_o it_o be_v carry_v off_o the_o ground_n and_o to_o that_o end_n turn_v very_o often_o because_o that_o be_v put_v up_o with_o any_o the_o least_o moisture_n it_o will_v quite_o spoil_v much_o more_o than_o any_o other_o hay_n now_o these_o and_o all_o the_o other_o particular_n which_o i_o have_v have_v from_o that_o gentleman_n have_v be_v confirm_v to_o i_o by_o many_o other_o and_o yet_o within_o these_o 2._o or_o 3._o day_n i_o meet_v with_o a_o physician_n of_o rochel_n who_o assure_v i_o that_o the_o lucerne_n be_v very_o common_a in_o his_o country_n make_v i_o a_o relation_n of_o it_o agree_v with_o the_o former_a only_o in_o these_o three_o point_n viz._n that_o of_o once_o sow_v it_o will_v continue_v 10_o or_o 12._o year_n that_o it_o be_v cut_v twice_o a_o year_n serve_v afterward_o for_o pasture_n all_o winter_n and_o that_o it_o wonderful_o fatten_v all_o kind_n of_o cattle_n but_o very_o much_o different_a from_o it_o in_o all_o the_o other_o and_o in_o some_o of_o they_o pointblank_o contrary_a to_o it_o for_o he_o say_v that_o it_o be_v to_o be_v sow_v in_o the_o begin_n of_o march_n that_o it_o desire_v a_o temperate_a ground_n but_o rather_o dry_a then_o wet_a and_o no_o way_n fat_a nor_o clayish_a but_o stony_a and_o gravelly_a that_o it_o need_v not_o be_v mix_v with_o any_o other_o hay_n but_o may_v be_v give_v alone_o and_o all_o the_o year_n long_o in_o summer_n aswell_o as_o in_o winter_n not_o only_o to_o horse_n but_o to_o cow_n and_o other_o cattle_n he_o add_v that_o the_o proportion_n of_o the_o seed_n be_v the_o charge_n of_o a_o porter_n for_o four_o arpent_n or_o french_a acre_n which_o particular_n i_o think_v good_a to_o impart_v unto_o you_o that_o your_o friend_n compare_v they_o with_o the_o other_o may_v make_v his_o best_a profit_n of_o they_o and_o this_o rochellois_n or_o rocheller_n who_o have_v live_v 3._o or_o 4._o year_n in_o england_n think_v that_o the_o lucerne_n will_v come_v admirable_o well_o in_o that_o country_n note_n the_o meaning_n of_o these_o word_n the_o quantity_n of_o the_o seed_n be_v the_o six_o part_n of_o corn_n that_o the_o same_o ground_n will_v require_v be_v this_o that_o whatever_o quantity_n of_o wheat_n or_o barley_n a_o acre_n of_o ground_n will_v require_v of_o the_o seed_n of_o lucerne_n you_o must_v take_v but_o the_o six_o part_n of_o that_o quantity_n of_o seed_n of_o lucerne_n so_o as_o that_o
total_o destroy_v the_o honest_a and_o patient_a husband-man_n labour_n neither_o be_v we_o trouble_v with_o extreme_a cold_n which_o in_o new-england_n and_o other_o cold_a country_n do_v oft_o destroy_v the_o corne._n but_o to_o return_v to_o our_o purpose_n and_o first_o brief_o to_o show_v you_o my_o opinion_n concern_v the_o cause_n of_o smuttynesse_n i_o desire_v not_o to_o fetch_v cause_n a_o far_o off_o and_o to_o tell_v you_o of_o the_o sad_a conjunction_n of_o mars_n and_o saturn_n for_o i_o think_v quae_fw-la supraenos_fw-mi belong_v not_o to_o we_o when_o as_o we_o have_v enough_o at_o home_n this_o be_v certain_a ethat_o there_o be_v many_o evident_a cause_n of_o this_o corruption_n of_o corn._n 1._o a_o moist_a season_n about_o kerning-time_n which_o moisture_n either_o corrupt_v the_o root_n of_o the_o plant_n or_o the_o nourishment_n of_o it_o or_o the_o seed_n in_o its_o embryo_n or_o perhaps_o in_o some_o measure_n all_o these_o 2._o low_o moist_a foggy_a ground_n for_o the_o reason_n above_o mention_v 3._o dung_v land_n in_o vineyard_n it_o be_v observe_v that_o dung_n cause_v more_o increase_n in_o quantity_n but_o less_o in_o goodness_n so_o that_o the_o ill_a taste_n of_o the_o dung_n may_v easy_o be_v discern_v because_o wine_n have_v a_o high_a taste_n without_o question_n the_o same_o happen_v to_o other_o plant_n although_o it_o be_v not_o so_o easy_o discern_v for_o the_o ferment_n or_o ill_a odour_n of_o the_o dung_n can_v be_v overmastered_n by_o the_o plant_n as_o we_o see_v also_o in_o animal_n that_o corrupt_a diet_n cause_v unfavory_a taste_n in_o the_o flesh_n so_o hog_n in_o new_a found-land_n be_v they_o be_v nourish_v by_o fish_n may_v by_o their_o taste_n be_v call_v rather_o sea-porpusses_a than_o land-swine_n 4._o the_o sow_v of_o smutty_a corn_n oft_o produce_v smuttynesse_n the_o son_n like_o unto_o the_o father_n i_o account_v smutty_n corn_n a_o imperfect_a or_o sick_a grain_n and_o suppose_v that_o by_o a_o microscope_n the_o imperfection_n may_v be_v discern_v last_o the_o sow_v of_o the_o same_o seed_n oft_o on_o the_o same_o field_n cause_v smuttynesse_n because_o that_o nitrous_a juice_n which_o be_v convenient_a for_o the_o nourishment_n of_o the_o grain_n have_v be_v exhaust_v in_o the_o precedent_a year_n and_o therefore_o it_o be_v excellent_a husbandry_n every_o year_n to_o change_v the_o species_n of_o grain_n and_o also_o to_o buy_v your_o seed-corne_n from_o place_n far_o distant_a i_o be_o inform_v of_o a_o gentleman_n who_o do_v sow_v some_o wheat_n which_o come_v from_o spain_n where_o the_o grain_n be_v usual_o very_o hard_a and_o flinty_a and_o as_o it_o be_v transparent_a and_o far_o weighty_a than_o we_o as_o it_o appear_v by_o a_o measure_n at_o amsterdam_n which_o hold_v about_o 3._o bushel_n and_o if_o our_o wheat_n in_o the_o northern_a part_n weigh_v 160._o the_o southern_a corn_n weigh_v sometime_o 180._o 200._o 220_o and_o have_v a_o crop_n beyond_o expectation_n the_o usual_a cure_n of_o smuttynesse_n beside_o those_o mention_v before_o be_v these_o 1._o to_o lime_n your_o ground_n which_o warm_v and_o dri_v the_o land_n 2._o to_o lime_n your_o corn_n which_o be_v do_v thus_o first_o slack_v your_o lime_n and_o then_o moisten_v your_o corn_n or_o lime_n and_o stir_v they_o together_o till_o your_o grain_n be_v as_o big_a as_o a_o small_a pease_n this_o lime_v preserve_v corn_n likewise_o from_o bird_n and_o worm_n and_o be_v find_v a_o very_a good_a remedy_n against_o this_o disease_n other_o make_v a_o strong_a lie_n with_o common_a salt_n and_o steep_v their_o corn_n in_o it_o all_o night_n and_o then_o draw_v away_o their_o lie_n for_o further_a use_n which_o seldom_o fail_v of_o its_o desire_a effect_n whether_o this_o strong_a lie_n do_v by_o its_o corrosivenes_n mortify_v the_o weak_a and_o imperfect_a corn_n so_o that_o it_o will_v not_o grow_v or_o whether_o it_o be_v a_o remedy_n to_o cure_v the_o imperfection_n thereof_o be_v worth_a the_o enquiry_n i_o suppose_v that_o this_o lie_n do_v exsiccate_a the_o superfluous_a humidity_n which_o be_v the_o cause_n of_o this_o corruption_n if_o corn_n be_v bring_v into_o the_o barn_n very_a smutty_n in_o kent_n they_o usual_o thrash_v it_o on_o dry_a floor_n plank_v with_o board_n by_o which_o mean_n the_o smuttynesse_n be_v beat_v away_o and_o stick_v not_o to_o the_o grain_n only_o a_o little_a blackness_n appear_v about_o the_o eye_n but_o if_o it_o be_v thrash_v on_o a_o moist_a floor_n the_o blackness_n stick_v to_o the_o grain_n which_o therefore_o appear_v dark_a and_o be_v sell_v at_o a_o low_a rate_n to_o the_o baker_n mildew_n be_v without_o question_n a_o unctuous_a dew_n which_o descend_v from_o above_o about_o midsummer_n it_o abound_v in_o dry_a year_n as_o smuttynesse_n in_o moist_a i_o can_v think_v that_o there_o be_v ordinary_o any_o malignity_n in_o this_o dew_n but_o it_o produce_v its_o effect_n by_o manifest_a cause_n viz._n from_o a_o oily_a viscous_a quality_n which_o stop_v the_o pore_n of_o the_o husk_n wherein_o the_o wheat_n lie_v and_o deprive_v it_o from_o the_o air_n and_o consequent_o from_o nourishment_n for_o the_o air_n be_v the_o life_n of_o all_o thing_n i_o have_v hear_v and_o do_v believe_v that_o if_o you_o streak_n any_o ear_n of_o wheat_n with_o oil_n it_o will_v produce_v the_o same_o effect_n i_o be_o sorry_a that_o i_o never_o try_v that_o i_o may_v better_o understand_v the_o nature_n of_o this_o sad_a calamity_n which_o often_o undo_v the_o industrious_a husbandman_n and_o cause_v great_a scarcity_n in_o this_o isle_n it_o be_v to_o be_v observe_v further_o that_o wheat_n only_o suffer_v considerable_a damage_n by_o mildew_n because_o it_o lie_v in_o a_o chaffy_a husk_n which_o other_o grain_n do_v not_o the_o ground_n most_o subject_a to_o mildew_n be_v these_o 1._o those_o that_o be_v enclose_v with_o tree_n and_o high_a hedge_n and_o true_o this_o be_v the_o only_a great_a inconveniency_n i_o find_v by_o enclosure_n 2._o low_a velleye_n i_o have_v see_v very_o oft_o in_o the_o same_o field_n the_o bank_n fine_a bright_a corn_n and_o all_o the_o low_a part_n though_o great_a in_o straw_n yet_o little_a worth_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o mildew_n 3._o dung_n make_v of_o straw_n i_o have_v observe_v to_o dispose_v much_o to_o mildew_v and_o sheeps-dung_n to_o be_v a_o kind_n of_o antidote_n against_o it_o as_o also_o pigeons-dung_n because_o as_o i_o conceive_v these_o 2._o last_o sort_n abound_v much_o in_o niter_n which_o produce_v a_o firm_a hard_a bright_a corn_n not_o easy_o to_o be_v putrefy_v but_o the_o other_o be_v more_o oily_a and_o sulphureous_a cause_v a_o dark_a spongy_a corn_n soon_o corruptible_a and_o 2._o because_o straw_n be_v a_o part_n of_o the_o same_o kind_a corrupt_a which_o be_v always_o in_o some_o measure_n hurtful_a to_o the_o same_o species_n both_o in_o ammal_n and_o all_o vegetable_n and_o therefore_o rot_a stick_n or_o the_o earth_n proceed_v from_o they_o be_v find_v hurtful_a to_o the_o root_n of_o tree_n and_o tree_n will_v hardly_o grow_v where_o the_o root_n of_o other_o tree_n have_v former_o be_v corrupt_v the_o remedye_n for_o this_o accident_n brief_o be_v these_o not_o to_o speak_v of_o bee_n who_o questionless_a make_v most_o of_o their_o honey_n from_o these_o honey_n or_o mildew_n for_o they_o gather_v very_o little_a in_o comparison_n of_o that_o which_o fall_v 1._o the_o best_a way_n be_v to_o cut_v down_o the_o tree_n about_o your_o ground_n and_o your_o hedge_n low_a that_o the_o wind_n may_v ventilate_v your_o corne._n 2._o to_o sow_v early_o that_o your_o corn_n may_v be_v full_o kern_v before_o these_o mildew_n fall_v i_o be_o inform_v culp_n sir_n jo._n culp_n that_o a_o ingenious_a kt._n in_o kent_n do_v for_o curiosity_n sow_v wheat_n in_o all_o month_n of_o the_o year_n and_o that_o the_o corn_n sow_v in_o july_n do_v produce_v such_o a_o increase_n that_o it_o be_v almost_o incredible_a and_o true_o i_o think_v it_o a_o great_a fault_n in_o many_o place_n that_o they_o sow_v late_o for_o many_o reason_n i_o be_o sure_a in_o france_n they_o usual_o sow_v before_o michaelmas_n 3._o some_o use_n and_o with_o good_a profit_n to_o draw_v a_o line_n over_o their_o corn_n and_o to_o strike_v off_o the_o mildew_n before_o it_o be_v inspissated_a by_o the_o sun_n this_o aught_o especial_o to_o be_v do_v before_o sunrising_a 2._o man_n in_o a_o hour_n will_v easy_o run_v over_o a_o acre_n the_o mildew_n usual_o fall_v like_o a_o thick_a fog_n or_o a_o misty_a rain_n if_o you_o go_v to_o your_o bee_n you_o will_v soon_o perceive_v it_o by_o their_o extraordinary_a labour_n very_o early_o in_o the_o morning_n 4._o the_o use_n of_o a_o kind_n of_o beard_a wheat_n be_v a_o excellent_a remedy_n for_o the_o beard_n
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the_o not-improving_a of_o our_o fruit_n for_o the_o best_a end_n and_o purpose_n normandy_n which_o fruit_n the_o 6._o deficiency_n concern_v not_o improve_n our_o fruit_n produce_v but_o little_a wine_n make_v abundance_n of_o cider_n and_o perry_n which_o they_o estimate_v equal_o to_o wine_n if_o it_o be_v make_v of_o good_a fruit_n the_o ordinary_a perry_n be_v make_v of_o choaky_a pear_n very_o juicy_a which_o grow_v along_o by_o the_o high-way-side_n which_o be_v not_o to_o be_v eat_v raw_a in_o biscay_n in_o spain_n where_o wine_n be_v scarce_o they_o make_v cider_n of_o a_o certain_a sweet_a apple_n which_o have_v a_o little_a bitterness_n in_o it_o and_o be_v like_a to_o our_o snont_v &_o the_o cider_n be_v very_o good_a and_o true_o here_o in_o england_n if_o we_o will_v make_v cider_n and_o perry_n of_o the_o best_a sort_n of_o fruit_n which_o be_v rare_o do_v for_o we_o think_v any_o fruit_n good_a enough_o for_o that_o purpose_n we_o may_v make_v drink_v no_o way_n inferior_a to_o the_o french_a wine_n which_o be_v usual_o spoil_v before_o they_o come_v over_o the_o sea_n to_o you_o their_o spirit_n soon_o evaporate_n there_o be_v two_o way_n of_o make_v cider_n and_o perry_n one_o by_o bruise_v and_o beat_v they_o and_o then_o present_o to_o put_v they_o into_o a_o vessel_n to_o ferment_n or_o work_n as_o it_o be_v usual_o call_v of_o themselves_o the_o other_o way_n be_v to_o boil_v the_o juice_n with_o some_o good_a spice_n by_o which_o the_o rawness_n be_v take_v away_o and_o then_o to_o ferment_n it_o with_o some_o yeast_n if_o it_o work_v not_o of_o itself_o this_o be_v the_o best_a way_n and_o i_o have_v taste_v cider_n thus_o make_v of_o a_o excellent_a delicate_a taste_n neither_o let_v any_o complain_v of_o the_o windiness_n for_o it_o be_v only_a want_n of_o use_n when_o i_o have_v for_o 2._o or_o 3._o year_n continual_o drink_v wine_n beyond_o sea_n the_o strong_a beer_n for_o 2._o or_o 3._o week_n be_v as_o windy_a to_o i_o as_o 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usual_o and_o the_o spaniard_n and_o italian_n shall_v not_o laugh_v at_o we_o and_o say_v that_o we_o can_v as_o well_o be_v without_o bread_n as_o their_o wine_n current_n etc._n etc._n thus_o may_v many_o other_o excellent_a drink_v bemade_v out_o of_o our_o fruit_n not_o to_o speak_v of_o those_o which_o be_v make_v of_o our_o grain_n as_o barley_n wheat_n etc._n etc._n yet_o i_o must_v tell_v you_o that_o i_o know_v a_o ingenious_a man_n who_o can_v without_o malt_a barley_n make_v a_o drink_n not_o inferior_a to_o wine_n and_o a_o great_a quantity_n of_o aquavitae_n out_o of_o they_o and_o with_o less_o cost_n then_o by_o the_o ordinary_a way_n by_o a_o peculiar_a fermentation_n of_o his_o own_o which_o time_n will_v discover_v there_o be_v another_o ingevious_a man_n who_o out_o of_o damsin_n and_o other_o fat_a and_o sweet_a plum_n can_v make_v a_o drink_n not_o inferior_a to_o the_o best_a wine_n and_o abundance_n of_o aquavitae_n many_o lady_n know_v how_o to_o make_v 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country_n especial_o enjoy_v as_o temperate_a country_n do_v milk_n butter_n cheese_n in_o abundance_n and_o the_o cold_a and_o barren_a fowl_n &_o fish_n in_o a_o incredible_a number_n god_n of_o his_o goodness_n distribute_v some_o peculiar_a blessing_n to_o every_o country_n notwithstanding_o i_o dare_v say_v it_o be_v probable_a that_o vineyard_n have_v former_o flourish_v in_o england_n &_o that_o we_o be_v to_o blame_v that_o so_o little_a be_v attempt_v to_o revive_v they_o again_o there_o be_v many_o place_n in_o kent_n call_v by_o the_o name_n of_o vineyard_n and_o the_o ground_n be_v of_o such_o a_o nature_n that_o it_o seem_v probable_a they_o have_v be_v such_o i_o hear_v further_o by_o divers_a people_n of_o credit_n that_o by_o record_v it_o appear_v that_o the_o tithe_n of_o wine_n in_o glocestershire_n be_v in_o divers_a parish_n considerable_o great_a but_o at_o length_n gascony_n come_v into_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o english_a from_z whence_o come_v the_o most_o of_o the_o strong_a french_a wine_n call_v high-countrey-wine_n and_o custom_n be_v small_a wine_n be_v import_v into_o england_n from_o thence_o better_a and_o cheap_a than_o we_o can_v make_v it_o and_o it_o be_v think_v convenient_a to_o discourage_v vineyard_n here_o that_o the_o great_a trade_n may_v be_v drive_v with_o gascon_a and_o many_o ship_n may_v find_v employment_n thereby_o some_o fond_a astrologer_n have_v conceit_v that_o the_o earth_n be_v grow_v old_a and_o therefore_o cold_a have_v cause_v the_o sun_n to_o descend_v many_o degree_n low_a to_o warm_v and_o cherish_v it_o and_o one_o argument_n which_o they_o bring_v for_o this_o opinion_n be_v that_o vine_n and_o silkworm_n be_v find_v in_o those_o country_n wherein_o former_a time_n they_o be_v unknown_a but_o if_o these_o fond_a man_n have_v consider_v the_o good_a husbandry_n in_o these_o time_n with_o the_o blessing_n of_o god_n on_o it_o they_o have_v not_o run_v into_o such_o foolish_a imagination_n this_o be_v true_a indeed_o that_o the_o roman_a soldier_n who_o have_v alsatia_n give_v they_o to_o live_v in_o which_o be_v one_o of_o the_o best_a and_o most_o southern_a place_n of_o germany_n mutine_v because_o they_o think_v it_o so_o cold_a that_o vine_n will_v not_o grow_v there_o and_o that_o therefore_o they_o shall_v be_v deprive_v of_o that_o delectable_a liquor_n whereas_o we_o find_v at_o this_o present_a day_n vine_n flourish_v many_o hundred_o mile_n more_o towards_o the_o north_n both_o in_o france_n lorraine_n and_o germany_n and_o that_o they_o be_v creep_v down_o even_o to_o the_o latitude_n of_o england_n for_o the_o renish-wine_n grow_v within_o a_o degree_n of_o the_o west-southern_a place_n of_o this_o isle_n &_o paris_n be_v not_o 2._o degree_n south_n of_o we_o yet_o vine_n grow_v three_o score_n mile_n on_o this_o side_n paris_n at_o beaumond_n yea_o the_o vine_n of_o these_o place_n be_v the_o
kent_n they_o make_v wall_n burn_v lime_n etc._n etc._n 2._o kind_a be_v a_o small_a unctuous_a chalk_n this_o be_v the_o chalk_n for_o land_n the_o other_o help_v little_a only_o it_o make_v the_o plough_n go_v easy_o in_o stiff_a land_n broomy_a land_n be_v account_v the_o best_a land_n for_o chalk_n and_o lime_n but_o it_o help_v other_o land_n also_o especial_o if_o you_o chalk_v your_o ground_n and_o let_v it_o lie_v a_o year_n or_o 2._o which_o be_v the_o way_n use_v in_o kent_n that_o it_o may_v be_v mature_v and_o shatter_v by_o the_o sun_n and_o rain_n otherwise_o if_o it_o be_v turn_v in_o present_o it_o be_v apt_a to_o lie_v in_o great_a clod_n as_o i_o have_v see_v it_o 20._o year_n after_o chalk_v also_o sweeten_v pasture_n but_o do_v not_o much_o increase_v it_o and_z killeth_z rush_n and_o broom_n 2._o lime_n which_o be_v make_v of_o divers_a sort_n of_o stone_n be_v a_o excellent_a thing_n for_o most_o land_n and_o produce_v a_o most_o pure_a grain_n 160._o bushel_n be_v usual_o lay_v on_o a_o acre_n but_o i_o suppose_v that_o if_o man_n do_v lay_v but_o half_a the_o dung_n on_o the_o ground_n as_o they_o usual_o do_v as_o also_o lime_n and_o chalk_n and_o dung_n and_o lime_n it_o often_o it_o will_v be_v better_a husbandry_n for_o much_o dung_n cause_v much_o weed_n and_o cause_v corn_n to_o lodge_v and_o too_o much_o chalk_n do_v too_o much_o force_v the_o land_n so_o that_o after_o some_o good_a crop_n it_o lie_v barren_a many_o year_n it_o be_v good_a husbandry_n likewise_o to_o lay_v down_o land_n before_o they_o be_v too_o much_o out_o of_o heart_n for_o they_o will_v soon_o recover_v otherwise_o not_o 3._o ordinary_a dung_n which_o every_o one_o know_v but_o let_v it_o not_o be_v expose_v to_o the_o sun_n too_o much_o nor_o let_v it_o lie_v in_o a_o high_a place_n for_o the_o rain_n will_v waste_v away_o its_o fatness_n it_o be_v observable_a that_o earth_n the_o more_o it_o be_v expose_v to_o the_o sun_n it_o be_v the_o better_a as_o we_o see_v that_o land_n be_v much_o better_v by_o oft_o ploughing_n for_o the_o sun_n and_o dew_n engender_v a_o nitrous_a fatness_n which_o be_v the_o cause_n of_o fertility_n but_o dung_n be_v exhaust_v by_o the_o sun_n as_o it_o appear_v by_o the_o folding_n of_o sheep_n which_o profit_n little_a if_o it_o be_v not_o present_o turn_v in_o therefore_o a_o shepherd_n if_o his_o time_n will_v permit_v shall_v turn_v up_o the_o ground_n with_o a_o how_o for_o to_o sow_v turnip_n as_o gardiner_n do_v i_o have_v see_v ordinary_a dung_n on_o dry_a land_n in_o dry_a year_n to_o do_v hurt_v and_o it_o oft_o cause_v weed_n and_o trumpery_n to_o grow_v 4._o marle_n it_o be_v of_o divers_a kind_n some_o stony_a some_o soft_a some_o white_a some_o yellewish_a but_o most_o common_o blue_a it_o be_v in_o most_o place_n in_o england_n but_o not_o know_v by_o all_o the_o best_a mark_n to_o know_v it_o be_v to_o expose_v it_o to_o the_o air_n and_o to_o see_v if_o the_o sun_n or_o rain_n cause_v it_o to_o shatter_v and_o if_o it_o be_v unctuous_a or_o rather_o to_o take_v a_o load_n or_o 2._o and_o lay_v it_o on_o the_o midst_n of_o your_o field_n and_o to_o try_v how_o it_o mend_v your_o land_n it_o be_v excellent_a for_o corn_n and_o pasture_n especial_o on_o dry_a land_n in_o essex_n the_o scour_n of_o their_o ditch_n they_o call_v marle_n because_o it_o look_v blue_a like_o it_o it_o help_v their_o land_n well_o 5._o snaggreet_v which_o be_v a_o kind_n of_o earth_n take_v out_o of_o the_o river_n full_a of_o small_a shell_n it_o help_v the_o barren_a land_n in_o divers_a part_n of_o surrey_n i_o believe_v it_o be_v find_v in_o all_o river_n it_o be_v well_o if_o in_o other_o part_n of_o england_n they_o do_v take_v notice_n of_o it_o 6._o owse_v out_o of_o marsh_n ditch_n have_v be_v find_v very_o good_a for_o white_a chalky_a land_n as_o also_o sea-mud_n &_o sea-owse_a be_v use_v in_o divers_a part_n of_o kent_n and_o sussex_n 7._o seaweed_n 8._o mr._n carew_n in_o his_o survey_n of_o cornwall_n relate_v that_o they_o use_v a_o fat_a sea-sand_n which_o they_o carry_v up_o many_o mile_n in_o sack_n and_o by_o this_o they_o have_v very_o much_o improve_v their_o barren_a land_n it_o be_v worth_a the_o while_n to_o try_v all_o manner_n of_o sea-sand_n for_o i_o suppose_v that_o in_o other_o place_n they_o have_v a_o like_a fertilize_a fatness_n 9_o fold_v of_o sheep_n especial_o after_o the_o flaunders_n manner_n viz._n under_o a_o covert_n in_o which_o earth_n be_v strew_v about_o 6._o inch_n thick_a on_o which_o they_o set_v divers_a night_n then_o more_o earth_n must_v be_v bring_v and_o strew_v 6._o inch_n thick_a and_o the_o sheep_n fold_v on_o it_o and_o thus_o they_o do_v continual_o winter_n and_o summer_n i_o suppose_v a_o shepherd_n with_o one_o horse_n will_v do_v it_o at_o his_o spare_a hour_n and_o indeed_o soon_o than_o remove_v his_o fold_n and_o this_o fold_n be_v to_o be_v continue_v especial_o in_o winter_n and_o do_v the_o sheep_n good_a because_o they_o lie_v warm_a and_o dry_a and_o true_o if_o i_o be_o not_o mistake_v by_o this_o mean_v we_o may_v make_v our_o sheep_n to_o enrich_v all_o the_o barren_a dry_a land_n of_o england_n 10._o ash_n of_o any_o kind_n seacoale-ash_n with_o horsedung_n the_o gardiner_n of_o london_n much_o commend_v for_o divers_a use_n it_o be_v great_a pity_n that_o so_o many_o thousand_o load_n be_v throw_v into_o waste_a place_n and_o do_v no_o good_a 11._o soot_n be_v also_o very_o good_a be_v sprinkle_v on_o ground_n but_o it_o be_v too_o dear_a if_o it_o be_v of_o wood_n for_o it_o be_v worth_a 16._o d._n or_o 2._o s._n a_o bushel_n 12._o pigeon_n or_o hens-dung_n be_v incomparable_a one_o load_n be_v worth_a 10._o load_n of_o other_o dung_n &_o therefore_o it_o be_v usual_o sow_v on_o wheat_n that_o lie_v a_o far_o off_o and_o not_o easy_a to_o be_v help_v it_o be_v extraordinary_a likewise_o on_o a_o hop-garden_n 13._o malt-dust_n be_v exceed_o good_a in_o corne-land_n blood_n for_o tree_n also_o shave_n of_o horn_n 14._o some_o commend_v very_o much_o the_o sweep_a of_o a_o ship_n of_o salt_n or_o drossey_a salt_n and_o brine_n it_o be_v very_o probable_a because_o it_o kill_v the_o worm_n and_o all_o fertility_n proceed_v from_o salt_n 15._o i_o have_v see_v in_o france_n poor_a man_n cut_v up_o heath_n and_o the_o turf_n of_o the_o ground_n and_o lay_v they_o on_o a_o heap_n to_o make_v mould_n for_o their_o barren_a land_n brake_n lay_v in_o a_o moist_a place_n and_o rot_v be_v use_v much_o for_o hop-ground_n and_o general_o all_o thing_n that_o will_v rot_v if_o they_o be_v stone_n will_v make_v dung_n 16._o in_o new-england_n they_o fish_v their_o ground_n which_o be_v do_v thus_o in_o the_o spring_n about_o april_n there_o come_v up_o a_o fish_n to_o the_o fresh_a river_n call_v a_o alewife_n because_o of_o its_o great_a belly_n and_o be_v a_o kind_n of_o shade_n full_a of_o bone_n these_o be_v catch_v in_o wire_n and_o sell_v very_o cheap_a to_o the_o planter_n who_o usual_o put_v one_o or_o two_o cut_v in_o piece_n into_o the_o hill_n where_o their_o corn_n be_v plant_v call_v virginia-wheate_n for_o they_o plant_v it_o in_o hill_n 5._o grain_n in_o a_o hill_n almost_o as_o we_o plant_v hop_n in_o may_n or_o june_n for_o it_o will_v not_o endure_v frost_n and_o at_o that_o distance_n it_o cause_v fertility_n extraordinary_a for_o two_o year_n especial_o the_o first_o for_o they_o have_v have_v 50._o or_o 60._o bushel_n on_o a_o acre_n and_o yet_o plough_v not_o their_o land_n and_o in_o the_o same_o hill_n do_v plant_v the_o same_o corn_n for_o many_o year_n together_o and_o have_v good_a crop_n beside_o abundance_n of_o pumpion_n and_o french_a or_o kidney_n bean_n in_o the_o north_n part_n of_o new-england_n where_o the_o fisherman_n live_v they_o usual_o fish_v their_o ground_n with_o codshead_n which_o if_o they_o be_v in_o england_n will_v be_v better_o employ_v i_o suppose_v that_o when_o sprat_n be_v cheap_a man_n may_v mend_v their_o hop-ground_n with_o they_o and_o it_o will_v quit_v cost_v but_o the_o dog_n will_v be_v apt_a to_o scrape_v they_o up_o as_o they_o do_v in_o new-england_n unless_o one_o of_o their_o leg_n be_v tie_v up_o 17._o urine_n in_o holland_n they_o as_o careful_o preserve_v the_o cow_n urine_n as_o the_o dung_n to_o enrich_v their_o land_n old_a urine_n be_v excellent_a for_o the_o root_n of_o tree_n columella_n in_o his_o book_n of_o husbandry_n say_v that_o he_o be_v a_o ill_a husband_n that_o do_v not_o make_v 10._o load_n of_o dung_n for_o every_o great_a beast_n in_o his_o
land_n for_o pasture_n which_o land_n if_o they_o be_v stub_a do_v much_o prejudice_n the_o commonwealth_n 2._o that_o all_o wood_n shall_v have_v such_o a_o number_n of_o timber-tree_n per_fw-la acre_n according_a to_o the_o statute_n there_o be_v a_o good_a law_n for_o that_o purpose_n but_o man_n delude_v both_o themselves_o and_o the_o law_n that_o they_o every_o fell_v cut_v down_o the_o stander_n which_o they_o leave_v the_o fell_n before_o lest_o perchance_o they_o shall_v grow_v to_o be_v timber_n and_o leave_v 12._o small_a stander_n that_o they_o may_v seem_v to_o fulfil_v in_o some_o measure_n the_o statute_n but_o it_o be_v a_o mere_a fallacy_n and_o cause_v the_o statute_n to_o fail_v of_o its_o principal_a end_n which_o be_v to_o preserve_v timber_n 3._o the_o best_a remedy_n against_o thinness_n of_o wood_n be_v to_o plash_n they_o and_o spread_v they_o abroad_o and_o cover_v they_o partly_o in_o the_o ground_n as_o every_o countryman_n can_v direct_v by_o this_o mean_v the_o wood_n will_v soon_o grow_v rough_a and_o thick_a it_o be_v good_a husbandry_n likewise_o to_o fill_v your_o wood_n with_o swift_a grower_n as_o ash_n sallow_a willow_n asp_n which_o be_v also_o good_a for_o hop-pole_n hoop_n sycamore_n be_v also_o a_o swift_a grower_n in_o flaunders_n they_o have_v a_o kind_n of_o salix_fw-la call_v by_o they_o abell-tree_n which_o speedy_o grow_v to_o be_v timber_n 4._o that_o some_o law_n be_v make_v that_o they_o which_o fall_v shall_v also_o plant_v or_o sow_v in_o biscay_n there_o be_v a_o law_n if_o that_o any_o cut_v down_o a_o timber-tree_n he_o must_v plant_v 3._o for_o it_o which_o law_n be_v put_v into_o execution_n with_o severity_n otherwise_o they_o will_v soon_o be_v undo_v for_o the_o country_n be_v very_o mountainous_a and_o barren_a and_o depend_v whole_o on_o iron_n mine_n and_o on_o sbip_v their_o wood_n be_v not_o copse_v there_o but_o only_o pollard_n which_o they_o lop_v when_o occasion_n serve_v i_o know_v one_o who_o be_v bind_v by_o his_o landlord_n to_o plant_v so_o many_o tree_n yearly_a which_o according_a he_o do_v but_o always_o in_o such_o place_n that_o they_o may_v not_o grow_v in_o france_n near_o to_o the_o border_n of_o spain_n they_o sow_v ashkey_n which_o when_o they_o grow_v to_o such_o a_o greatness_n that_o they_o may_v be_v slit_v into_o 4_o quarter_n &_o big_a enough_o to_o make_v pike_n than_o they_o cut_v they_o down_o &_o i_o have_v see_v divers_a acre_n together_o thus_o plant_v hence_o come_v the_o excellent_a pike_n call_v spanish-pike_n some_o gentleman_n have_v sow_v acorn_n &_o it_o be_v a_o good_a way_n to_o increase_v wood_n though_o the_o time_n be_v long_o i_o doubt_v not_o but_o every_o one_o know_v that_o it_o be_v excellent_a to_o plant_v willow_n along_o the_o water_n side_n and_o ash_n s_o nigh_o their_o house_n for_o fire_v for_o they_o be_v good_a piece_n of_o husbandry_n and_o it_o be_v pity_n that_o it_o be_v not_o more_o put_v in_o practice_n there_o be_v a_o gentleman_n in_o essex_n who_o have_v plant_v so_o many_o willow_n that_o he_o may_v lop_v â—000_n every_o year_n if_o other_o be_v as_o ingenious_a we_o shall_v not_o want_v firewood_n osier_n plant_v in_o low_a morish_a ground_n do_v advance_v land_n from_o 5._o s._n per_fw-la acre_n to_o 40._o s._n 50._o s._n 3._o l._n and_o upward_o it_o be_v much_o use_v westward_o of_o london_n these_o osier_n be_v of_o great_a use_n to_o basket-maker_n there_o be_v a_o sort_n of_o small_a osier_n or_o willow_n at_o saint_n omars_n in_o flaunders_n which_o grow_v on_o island_n which_o float_v up_o and_o down_o it_o be_v far_o less_o than_o that_o which_o the_o western_a man_n call_v eight_o with_o this_o they_o make_v their_o curious_a fine_a basket_n this_o plant_n be_v worth_a the_o procure_n be_v so_o nigh_o john_n tredescat_fw-la have_v some_o plant_n of_o it_o there_o be_v a_o plant_n likewise_o in_o england_n call_v the_o sweet_a willow_n it_o be_v not_o only_o good_a for_o shade_n and_o fire_n but_o as_o i_o be_o inform_v the_o leaf_n do_v not_o sour_a the_o grass_n but_o that_o the_o cattle_n will_v eat_v they_o soon_o than_o hay_n if_o this_o be_v so_o it_o may_v be_v of_o singular_a use_n for_o meadow_n 5._o that_o those_o thing_n which_o mighty_o destroy_v wood_n may_v be_v restrain_v as_o iron-worke_n be_v therefore_o the_o state_n have_v very_o well_o do_v to_o pull_v down_o divers_a iron-worke_n in_o the_o forest_n of_o deane_n that_o the_o timber_n may_v be_v preserve_v for_o ship_n which_o be_v account_v the_o tough_a in_o england_n and_o when_o it_o be_v dry_a as_o hard_o as_o iron_n the_o common-people_n do_v use_v to_o say_v that_o in_o q._n eliz._n day_n the_o spaniard_n send_v a_o ambassador_n purposely_o to_o get_v this_o wood_n destroy_v how_o true_a this_o be_v i_o know_v not_o but_o without_o question_n it_o be_v admirable_a wood_n for_o ship_n and_o general_o our_o english_a oak_n be_v the_o best_a in_o the_o world_n for_o ship_n because_o it_o be_v of_o a_o great_a grain_n and_o therefore_o strong_a but_o the_o oak_n of_o other_o country_n have_v a_o fine_a grain_n and_o more_o fit_a for_o wainscot_n and_o in_o this_o kind_a our_o forefather_n have_v be_v very_o provident_a for_o we_o have_v a_o act_n of_o long_o stand_v prohibit_v iron-worke_n within_o 20._o mile_n of_o london_n and_o within_o 3._o mile_n of_o the_o river_n of_o thames_n though_o you_o may_v find_v ironstone_n in_o divers_a place_n as_o in_o the_o great_a gravil-pit_n at_o woolwhich_n there_o be_v some_o ingenious_a man_n who_o late_o have_v get_v a_o patent_n for_o make_v iron_n with_o sea-coal_n i_o hope_v they_o will_v accomplish_v their_o desire_n for_o it_o will_v wonderful_o advance_v this_o island_n and_o save_v wood._n there_o be_v 2._o fault_n in_o sea-coal_n in_o respect_n of_o melt_a iron-oare_n 1._o that_o it_o be_v apt_a to_o bake_v together_o or_o cake_n 2._o it_o have_v a_o sulphurous_a fumein_o it_o which_o be_v a_o enemy_n to_o metal_n 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