Selected quad for the lemma: ground_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
ground_n	best_a	year_n	yearly_a	12	3	8.8823	4	false

Text snippets containing the quad

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A49545	Plain and full instructions to raise all sorts of fruit-trees that prosper in England in that method and order, that everything must be done in, to give all the advantage, may be, to every tree as it is rising from its seed, till it come to its full growth : together with all necessary directions about those several ways of making plantations, either of wall-fruit, or dwarf-trees in gardens, or large standard-trees in orchards or fields : touching which last, because it's so vast in improvement of land, all the profitable and practical ways are here directed to with all exactness : and in the last place the best directions are given for making liquors of the several sorts of fruit / by T. Langford.	Langford, T.	1681 (1681)	Wing L388; ESTC R13964	68,292	176

that_o must_v be_v spread_v upon_o it_o that_o the_o root_n may_v have_v the_o more_o liberty_n to_o spread_v backward_o fill_v up_o the_o hole_n with_o the_o mould_n and_o use_v all_o diligence_n to_o place_v the_o root_n of_o your_o tree_n in_o the_o same_o posture_n they_o be_v in_o before_o you_o remove_v it_o if_o the_o tree_n be_v young_a and_o the_o root_n slender_a this_o can_v be_v perform_v no_o way_n but_o by_o throw_v in_o a_o little_a soil_n at_o a_o time_n and_o then_o raise_v up_o with_o your_o hand_n such_o root_n as_o be_v press_v down_o by_o it_o below_o their_o proper_a situation_n spread_v they_o on_o the_o soil_n you_o have_v cast_v in_o and_o then_o throw_v in_o more_o and_o order_v the_o root_n as_o before_o so_o continue_v to_o do_v till_o you_o have_v fill_v up_o the_o hole_n old_a tree_n with_o sturdy_a root_n do_v not_o require_v so_o much_o curiosity_n but_o you_o must_v be_v sure_a that_o the_o mould_n lie_v close_o under_o betwixt_o and_o among_o the_o root_n if_o the_o soil_n be_v light_n you_o must_v press_v it_o down_o gentle_o with_o your_o foot_n then_o cover_v they_o half_o a_o yard_n about_o with_o fearn_n or_o straw_n or_o if_o your_o ground_n be_v not_o very_o rich_a with_o dung_n 〈◊〉_d 〈…〉_o the_o 〈◊〉_d sect._n 4._o every_o year_n it_o will_v be_v necessary_a to_o prune_v and_o nail_v they_o to_o the_o wall_n twice_o or_o thrice_o according_a as_o they_o grow_v more_o or_o less_o wherein_o you_o must_v observe_v to_o bend_v down_o the_o strong_a shoot_n that_o will_v grow_v upward_o towards_o the_o side_n otherwise_o they_o will_v be_v apt_a to_o run_v straight_o upward_o and_o not_o cover_v the_o space_n you_o design_n for_o they_o and_o by_o their_o luxurious_a growth_n will_v extreme_o rob_v the_o side_n branch_n of_o their_o nourishment_n there_o will_v branch_n enough_o spring_v out_o fresh_a to_o run_v upward_o out_o of_o they_o when_o they_o be_v so_o bow_v cut_a off_o such_o as_o grow_v direct_o outward_a close_a to_o the_o body_n if_o you_o cut_v a_o part_n of_o any_o branch_n off_o do_v it_o at_o a_o bud_n that_o the_o cut_n may_v be_v cover_v with_o a_o fresh_a sprig_n lay_v none_o across_o or_o under_o one_o another_o but_o let_v they_o spread_v as_o the_o finger_n of_o your_o hand_n when_o it_o be_v expanded_a the_o winter_n prune_v may_v be_v do_v as_o soon_o as_o the_o fruit_n and_o leaf_n be_v fall_v or_o any_o time_n before_o february_n except_o nectarine_n and_o peach_n which_o be_v apt_a to_o die_v if_o prune_v before_o the_o sap_n rise_v mr._n rea_n say_v the_o best_a time_n to_o prune_n they_o be_v after_o they_o flower_n shread_n of_o woollen-cloth_n be_v the_o best_a thing_n to_o nail_v they_o up_o with_o some_o use_v gentle_a leather_n or_o a_o old_a hat_n any_o of_o these_o may_v serve_v turn_n 〈…〉_o 〈…〉_o sect._n 5._o sometime_o in_o the_o winter_n after_o two_o or_o three_o year_n if_o the_o soil_v the_o root_n be_v to_o spread_v into_o be_v not_o rich_a enough_o open_v the_o ground_n at_o the_o outside_n of_o the_o hole_n you_o make_v at_o set_v as_o near_o round_o about_o as_o the_o wall_n will_v permit_v if_o you_o find_v no_o root_n bare_a let_v it_o lie_v open_v a_o month_n and_o then_o sill_z it_o up_o with_o the_o earth_n that_o come_v forth_o well_o mix_v with_o such_o a_o manure_n as_o suit_n with_o it_o soil_n amenling_n soil_n sect._n 6._o where_o the_o natural_a soil_n be_v not_o good_a enough_o of_o itself_o whether_o it_o be_v in_o garden_n orchard_n or_o field_n there_o it_o ought_v to_o be_v by_o skill_n assist_v and_o better_v at_o leastwise_o for_o such_o a_o compass_n as_o the_o root_n of_o every_o tree_n take_v up_o for_o some_o time_n if_o not_o so_o far_o round_o as_o they_o be_v ever_o like_a to_o extend_v themselves_o and_o this_o must_v be_v do_v by_o mix_v such_o manure_n with_o the_o soil_n as_o suit_n best_o with_o its_o temper_n if_o the_o soil_n be_v clay_n or_o clay_n mix_v with_o gravel_n or_o wet_a heavy_a land_n hot_a dung_n as_o that_o of_o horse_n or_o poultry_n be_v best_a to_o mix_v with_o it_o to_o bring_v it_o to_o a_o due_a temperament_n and_o if_o the_o soil_n be_v a_o light_n hollow_a eskie_a or_o sandy_a land_n marle_n mud_n our_o of_o a_o pond_n or_o river_n or_o shovelling●_n of_o dirty_a yard_n or_o highway_n if_o they_o be_v not_o sandy_a and_o be_v well_o mellow_v by_o lie_v on_o heap_n and_o especial_o if_o those_o heap_n be_v mix_v with_o lime_n be_v proper_a to_o mend_v it_o if_o this_o last_o soil_n be_v barren_a likewise_o you_o may_v proper_o add_v a_o mixture_n of_o neats-dung_n if_o your_o land_n be_v too_o rich_a which_o be_v seldom_o see_v you_o may_v mix_v coal_n ash_n with_o it_o i_o have_v see_v a_o appletree_n on_o a_o hemp-but_a which_o be_v constant_o plough_v and_o manure_v to_o a_o great_a richness_n bear_v more_o apple_n than_o four_o such_o tree_n in_o a_o orchard_n will_v do_v and_o it_o be_v constant_o see_v in_o barren_a hungry_a land_n tree_n thrive_v poor_o grow_v mossey_n or_o bark-bound_a bear_v very_o little_a and_o that_o a_o very_a poor_a fruit._n only_o walnut-tree_n and_o pear-tree_n do_v not_o necessary_o require_v a_o very_a rich_a ground_n and_o will_v prosper_v best_a on_o stony_a and_o light_a land_n 〈…〉_o 〈…〉_o sect._n 7._o when_o your_o wall-tree_n be_v grow_v old_a and_o full_a of_o big_a wood_n you_o may_v in_o three_o or_o four_o year_n time_n renew_v they_o by_o cut_v out_o some_o of_o the_o big_a stem_n or_o bough_n yearly_a cut_v each_o branch_n off_o at_o some_o small_a twig_n if_o it_o may_v be_v that_o either_o it_o or_o a_o fresh_a branch_n may_v grow_v over_o the_o cut_a place_n which_o must_v be_v keep_v cover_v with_o clay_n and_o so_o go_v on_o yearly_o till_o all_o the_o big_a wood_n be_v cut_v out_o or_o if_o you_o dislike_v the_o kind_n of_o fruit_n you_o may_v inoculate_v or_o graff_n the_o bough_n with_o a_o better_a sort_n of_o fruit_n but_o not_o all_o in_o one_o year_n but_o some_o one_o and_o some_o another_o by_o either_o of_o these_o way_n you_o may_v renew_v a_o decay_a tree_n and_o keep_v your_o wall_n almost_o still_o furnish_v with_o less_o trouble_n and_o charge_n or_o loss_n of_o time_n than_o by_o take_v up_o the_o old_a one_o and_o plant_v a_o young_a one_o in_o its_o stead_n wall_n appropriate_v fruit_n to_o wall_n sect._n 8._o in_o furnish_v your_o wall_n with_o fruit-tree_n observe_v always_o to_o plant_v peach_n and_o nectarine_n up_o to_o the_o wall_n that_o be_v most_o southward_o the_o east_n wall_n be_v to_o be_v allot_v to_o apricock_n carly_a cherry_n and_o the_o choice_a plum_n the_o west_n may_v be_v set_v with_o pear_n cherry_n and_o plum_n some_o of_o the_o course_v pear_n and_o plum_n you_o may_v set_v to_o the_o north_n wall_n both_o to_o cover_v the_o wall_n handsome_o and_o many_o year_n they_o will_v bear_v as_o well_o on_o it_o as_o on_o standard_n especial_o if_o your_o wall_n stand_v not_o direct_o north_n but_o so_o as_o to_o have_v some_o considerable_a benefit_n of_o the_o sun_n nut-tree_n likewise_o be_v proper_a for_o this_o wall_n and_o will_v prosper_v well_o up_o to_o it_o if_o your_o conveniency_n will_v allow_v it_o and_o you_o be_v to_o build_v a_o new_a wall_n it_o be_v much_o better_a to_o have_v your_o garden_n wall_n not_o stand_v direct_o towards_o the_o four_o point_n than_o otherwise_o and_o then_o the_o worst_a wall_n will_v be_v much_o better_a and_o the_o best_a good_a enough_o for_o your_o purpose_n as_o thus_o the_o east-wall_n to_o incline_v to_o the_o south_n the_o south_n to_o the_o west_n the_o west_n to_o the_o north_n the_o north_n to_o the_o east_n or_o contrary_a but_o not_o so_o well_o in_o the_o first_o way_n the_o two_o first_o wall_n will_v be_v extraordinary_a good_a and_o the_o two_o late_a good_a enough_o for_o ordinary_a fruit._n wall_n make_v a_o wall_n sect._n 9_o in_o build_v a_o new_a wall_n it_o will_v be_v very_o advantageous_a to_o make_v it_o with_o half_a round_n each_o semicircle_n be_v eight_o yard_n round_o in_o the_o inside_n and_o about_o six_o yard_n in_o the_o face_n or_o diameter_n each_o take_n two_o tree_n and_o betwixt_o every_o half_a round_n let_v there_o be_v two_o foot_n breadth_n of_o plain_a wall_v where_o you_o may_v place_v a_o flowerpot_n on_o a_o pillar_n two_o soot_n high_a or_o plant_v a_o vine_n to_o run_v up_o it_o which_o every_o summer_n you_o may_v let_v spread_v itself_o a_o little_a into_o the_o half_a round_n on_o each_o side_n it_o i_o know_v a_o honourable_a gentleman_n in_o somewhat_o a_o cold_a country_n that_o have_v his_o garden_n wall_n so_o make_v and_o his_o

cyen_n that_o be_v graff_v etc._n etc._n must_v have_v some_o agreement_n in_o nature_n with_o the_o stock_n sect._n 5._o stock_n may_v contribute_v something_o to_o the_o better_n of_o the_o fruit._n sect._n 6._o that_o crab-kernel_n yield_v best_a stock_n for_o orchard_n and_o field_n yet_o apple-kernel_n be_v of_o special_a use_n sect._n 7._o a_o discourse_n of_o the_o sympathy_n betwixt_o the_o pith_n of_o a_o tree_n and_o the_o kernel_n of_o its_o fruit_n chap._n iii_o of_o transplant_n the_o seedling_n sect._n 1_o of_o what_o growth_n the_o seedling_n must_v be_v before_o they_o be_v remove_v into_o the_o nursery_n and_o how_o the_o soil_n for_o these_o must_v be_v order_v sect._n 2._o in_o what_o order_n and_o manner_n they_o be_v to_o be_v set_v at_o this_o removal_n and_o how_o to_o be_v order_v sect._n 3_o some_o difference_n to_o be_v observe_v about_o stock_n to_o be_v set_v in_o field_n and_o how_o all_o those_o young_a stock_n be_v to_o be_v dress_v up_o chap._n iu._n of_o inoculate_v sect._n 1_o the_o way_n of_o inoculate_v describe_v sect._n 2._o of_o the_o different_a way_n of_o inoculate_v chap._n v._o observation_n concern_v inoculate_v sect._n 1_o several_a necessary_a thing_n to_o be_v observe_v about_o inoculate_v sect._n 2._o how_o high_a above_o ground_n the_o stock_n be_v to_o be_v inoculate_v sect._n 3_o of_o bud_n that_o be_v to_o be_v inoculate_v and_o when_o inoculation_n be_v to_o be_v use_v rather_o than_o graft_n sect._n 4._o reasins_z why_o inoculate_v be_v to_o be_v prefer_v before_o graft_n where_o it_o may_v be_v use_v sect._n 5._o what_o time_n of_o the_o day_n be_v best_a for_o inoculate_v chap._n vi_o of_o the_o several_a way_n of_o graft_n sect._n 1_o of_o slice_v or_o pack_v sect._n 2._o of_o graft_n in_o the_o bark_n and_o the_o reason_n why_o these_o two_o be_v the_o best_a way_n of_o graft_n sect._n 3_o of_o whip-graffing_a sect._n 4._o of_o side-graffing_a sect._n 5._o of_o graft_n in_o the_o cleft_n sect._n 6._o of_o graft_n by_o approach_n chap._n vii_o observation_n concern_v graft_n sect._n 1_o what_o bigness_n stock_n be_v to_o be_v of_o at_o graft_n sect._n 2._o about_o the_o choice_n of_o cyens_n or_o graff_n sect._n 3_o of_o the_o time_n of_o graft_n sect._n 4._o of_o cut_v of_o graff_n and_o order_v they_o before_o graft_n sect._n 5._o about_o the_o joint_n in_o a_o graff_n or_o cyen_n and_o how_o high_a stock_n be_v to_o be_v graff_v above_o ground_n sect._n 6._o what_o course_n may_v be_v take_v to_o know_v ready_o of_o what_o kind_n every_o tree_n be_v chap._n viii_o of_o plant_v wall-fruit_n sect._n 1_o the_o best_a time_n to_o remove_v young_a tree_n after_o graft_n and_o inoculate_v sect._n 2._o of_o prepare_v the_o ground_n for_o wall-fruit_n and_o what_o distance_n be_v to_o be_v observe_v in_o set_v such_o tree_n sect._n 3_o how_o to_o temper_v the_o soil_n for_o they_o and_o to_o settle_v their_o root_n in_o the_o hole_n they_o be_v to_o be_v set_v in_o sect._n 4._o how_o to_o order_v a_o tree_n in_o spread_v it_o upon_o a_o wall_n sect._n 5._o the_o root_n be_v sometime_o to_o be_v bare_v and_o the_o soil_n about_o they_o recruit_v sect._n 6._o how_o the_o soil_n for_o these_o or_o other_o tree_n be_v to_o be_v amend_v sect._n 7._o how_o to_o renew_v old_a tree_n sect._n 8._o direction_n what_o wall_n be_v proper_a for_o each_o kind_n of_o fruit._n sect._n 9_o instruction_n about_o make_v the_o wall_n chap._n ix_o concern_v dwarf-tree_n sect._n 1_o the_o advantage_n of_o dwarf-tree_n sect._n 2._o stock_n for_o dwarf-pear-tree_n sect._n 3_o what_o stock_n be_v best_a for_o dwarf-apple-tree_n sect._n 4._o what_o thing_n be_v to_o be_v observe_v in_o get_v and_o order_v cut_n that_o be_v to_o be_v set_v for_o stock_n sect._n 5._o how_o they_o may_v be_v help_v to_o root_n by_o circumposition_n sect._n 6._o other_o way_n to_o raise_v stock_n for_o dwarf-tree_n sect._n 7._o of_o raise_v they_o of_o sucker_n sect._n 8._o how_o to_o raise_v stock_n for_o cherry_n and_o plum_n sect._n 9_o how_o to_o order_v the_o head_n of_o dwarf-tree_n sect._n 10._o codling-hedge_n and_o tree_n may_v be_v raise_v from_o the_o cut_n only_o of_o such_o tree_n who_o cut_n will_v grow_v sect._n 10._o codling_n and_o moil_n may_v be_v graff_v on_o crabstocks_n chap._n x._o of_o plant_v a_o orchard_n sect._n 1_o how_o to_o choose_v ground_n for_o a_o orchard_n sect._n 2._o direction_n how_v to_o qualify_v that_o ground_n when_o it_o be_v not_o of_o itself_o as_o divers_a way_n it_o may_v not_o be_v fit_a for_o plant_v sect._n 3_o how_o a_o uneven_a ground_n be_v to_o be_v order_v in_o plant_v sect._n 4._o the_o time_n and_o manner_n of_o order_v tree_n in_o plant_v a_o orchard_n sect._n 5._o how_o long_o they_o may_v remain_v in_o the_o nursery_n after_o graft_n before_o they_o be_v transplant_v sect._n 6._o of_o the_o distance_n these_o tree_n ought_v to_o be_v set_v at_o one_o from_o another_o sect._n 7._o whether_o old_a tree_n or_o young_a be_v fit_a to_o be_v transplant_v and_o how_o to_o order_v old_a one_o at_o such_o a_o time_n sect._n 8._o what_o order_n these_o tree_n be_v to_o be_v set_v in_o sect._n 9_o concern_v the_o fence_n for_o a_o orchard_n sect._n 10._o concern_v prune_v of_o orchard-tree_n sect._n 11._o the_o soil_n about_o their_o root_n must_v ever_o after_o be_v keep_v in_o good_a heart_n chap._n xi_o of_o plant_v in_o field_n sect._n 1_o exception_n against_o plant_v in_o field_n answer_v sect._n 2._o reason_n to_o show_v its_o profitable_a to_o plant_v pear-tree_n in_o field_n sect._n 3_o seven_o way_n the_o first_o by_o plant_v in_o whole_a field_n sect._n 4._o a_o second_o way_n of_o plant_v in_o field_n where_o a_o account_n be_v give_v how_o such_o tree_n may_v best_o be_v fence_v sect._n 5._o the_o three_o by_o do_v it_o near_o hedge_n sect._n 5._o the_o advantage_n sect._n 5._o the_o distance_n sect._n 5._o where_o not_o good_a sect._n 6._o the_o four_o in_o hedge_n sect._n 7._o the_o five_o by_o cut_n sect._n 7._o of_o choice_n and_o order_v they_o for_o that_o purpose_n sect._n 8._o the_o six_o by_o long_a crab-stock_n sect._n 8._o advantage_n sect._n 8._o disadvantage_n sect._n 9_o the_o seven_o by_o graft_n old_a crabtree_n sect._n 9_o direction_n therein_o sect._n 9_o of_o do_v it_o in_o the_o cleft_n or_o bark_n with_o some_o difference_n from_o graft_n small_a stock_n in_o the_o bark_n sect._n 9_o direction_n to_o prevent_v the_o break_n out_o of_o the_o cyens_n sect._n 9_o and_o for_o prune_v the_o body_n chap._n xii_o of_o the_o annoyance_n about_o fruit-tree_n sect._n 1_o to_o prevent_v moss_n and_o canker_n etc._n etc._n sect._n 2._o to_o preserve_v tree_n from_o hare_n or_o rabbit_n sect._n 3_o against_o aunt_n or_o pismire_n sect._n 4._o of_o mole_n water-rat_n snake_n and_o emmet_n or_o asker_n sect._n 5._o to_o prevent_v blast_v cuterpiller_n snail_n etc._n etc._n chap._n xiii_o some_o particular_n about_o raise_v some_o kind_n of_o fruit-tree_n sect._n 1_o direction_n about_o plant_v vine_n sect._n 2._o of_o the_o soil_n and_o manner_n of_o propagate_a they_o and_o renew_v old_a vine_n sect._n 3_o of_o prune_v they_o sect._n 4._o concern_v vineyard_n sect._n 5._o of_o plant_v figtree_n sect._n 6._o of_o raise_v quince-tree_n sect._n 7._o of_o propagate_a the_o medlar_n and_o service-tree_n sect._n 8._o of_o walnut-tree_n sect._n 9_o of_o raise_v goosberry_n currant_n barberry_n and_o raspberry_n chap._n fourteen_o of_o the_o several_a kind_n of_o fruit_n sect._n 1_o that_o it_o be_v convenient_a to_o have_v variety_n of_o fruit._n sect._n 2._o of_o several_a sort_n of_o peach_n sect._n 3_o of_o nectarine_n sect._n 4._o of_o apricock_n sect._n 5._o of_o plum_n sect._n 6._o of_o cherry_n sect._n 7._o of_o grape_n sect._n 8._o of_o pear_n sect._n 9_o of_o apple_n sect._n 10._o of_o quince_n sect._n 11._o of_o walnut_n chestnut_n filbeard_n etc._n etc._n sect._n 12._o of_o fig_n medlar_n and_o service_n sect._n 13._o of_o mulberry_n goosberry_n currant_n raspberry_n and_o barberry_n chap._n xv._o of_o gather_v fruit_n and_o make_v several_a sort_n of_o liquor_n sect._n 1_o of_o gather_v fruit_n and_o order_v they_o in_o keep_v sect._n 2._o of_o a_o ladder_n sect._n 3_o of_o a_o mill._n sect._n 4._o of_o cider_n sect._n 5._o of_o perry_n sect._n 6._o of_o rasberry_n wine_n sect._n 7._o of_o curran_n wine_n sect._n 8._o of_o goosberry_n wine_n sect._n 9_o another_o way_n to_o make_v any_o of_o the_o three_o last_o sort_n of_o wine_n and_o cherry_n sect._n 10._o cherry_n and_o goosberry_n brandy_n sect._n 10._o the_o conclusion_n the_o introduction_n have_v undertake_v in_o this_o book_n to_o publish_v all_o necessary_a direction_n concern_v plant_v the_o first_o step_n

you_o ought_v to_o have_v respect_n and_o also_o to_o the_o kind_n of_o fruit-tree_n you_o plant_v for_o some_o tree_n take_v up_o more_o room_n in_o their_o growth_n than_o other_o as_o most_o pear-tree_n more_o than_o appletree_n and_o some_o appletree_n more_o than_o other_o according_a to_o their_o aptness_n to_o grow_v more_o or_o less_o too_o tedious_a and_o difficult_a to_o be_v here_o relate_v only_o the_o redstrake_v be_v general_o a_o desire_a fruit_n you_o may_v take_v notice_n that_o it_o be_v one_o of_o the_o least_o appletree_n where_o it_o yield_v the_o best_a cider_n sometime_o it_o be_v almost_o but_o a_o shrub_n it_o be_v certain_o best_o in_o many_o respect_n for_o tree_n to_o be_v plant_v at_o a_o very_a good_a distance_n for_o 1._o the_o plantation_n will_v be_v little_a annoyance_n to_o the_o land_n if_o either_o you_o set_v garden_n stuff_n in_o it_o sow_v corn_n on_o it_o while_o the_o tree_n be_v young_a or_o graze_v it_o when_o they_o be_v grow_v up_o 2._o whereas_o some_o say_v the_o more_o tree_n the_o more_o fruit_n that_o be_v absolute_o false_a for_o when_o they_o be_v set_v so_o close_o that_o the_o sun_n can_v have_v a_o good_a influence_n upon_o they_o they_o bear_v poor_o and_o ripen_v worse_o 3._o they_o can_v grow_v to_o be_v tree_n of_o that_o size_n as_o they_o will_v if_o the_o land_n be_v good_a be_v set_v at_o a_o good_a distance_n and_o some_o kind_n of_o tree_n be_v of_o strong_a and_o swift_a growth_n than_o other_o will_v so_o domineer_v over_o their_o neighbour_n that_o they_o will_v make_v they_o almost_o good_a for_o nothing_o 4._o you_o may_v plant_v betwixt_o every_o tree_n a_o cherrytree_n or_o codling-tree_n which_o may_v grow_v up_o and_o bear_v with_o the_o other_o tree_n many_o year_n and_o never_o prejudice_v they_o but_o will_v decay_v before_o the_o other_o be_v at_o full_a growth_n or_o you_o may_v set_v a_o young_a appletree_n or_o pear-tree_n betwixt_o every_o two_o of_o your_o standard_n that_o you_o set_v in_o your_o orchard_n and_o nurse_v it_o up_o with_o necessary_a dress_n and_o prune_v seven_o or_o eight_o year_n or_o less_o time_n to_o transplant_v into_o field_n or_o pasture-land_n where_o cattle_n feed_v whereby_o with_o little_a help_n it_o will_v not_o be_v in_o such_o danger_n of_o hurt_n from_o cattle_n as_o small_a one_o will_v and_o bear_v fruit_n soon_o after_o it_o be_v set_v and_o you_o can_v let_v they_o grow_v so_o long_o in_o your_o nursery_n without_o gall_v or_o hurt_v one_o another_o unless_o when_o you_o remove_v tree_n out_o of_o your_o nursery_n you_o take_v care_n to_o leave_v every_o other_o tree_n whereby_o they_o may_v have_v liberty_n to_o grow_v big_a and_o so_o more_o sit_v for_o your_o field_n old_a of_o transplant_n tree_n young_a or_o old_a sect._n 7._o i_o know_v some_o be_v for_o remove_v tree_n very_o young_a and_o it_o be_v certain_o the_o best_a way_n if_o they_o can_v be_v secure_a from_o danger_n which_o in_o orchard_n or_o field_n where_o cattle_n have_v liberty_n to_o feed_v they_o can_v well_o be_v with_o ordinary_a fence_n unless_o they_o be_v of_o five_o or_o six_o year_n growth_n after_o graft_n he_o that_o have_v a_o nursery_n of_o his_o own_o and_o remove_v they_o into_o place_n so_o near_o that_o he_o can_v well_o do_v it_o let_v he_o the_o very_a same_o or_o the_o next_o day_n after_o they_o be_v take_v up_o set_v they_o in_o the_o place_n appoint_v for_o they_o and_o not_o cut_v off_o too_o much_o of_o the_o root_n but_o the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o top_n and_o he_o may_v do_v well_o to_o plant_v strong_a and_o well_o grow_v tree_n especial_o in_o his_o field_n and_o out-ground_n for_o the_o charge_n of_o fence_v will_v be_v much_o ease_v and_o be_v careful_o set_v they_o may_v prosper_v as_o well_o or_o better_a than_o small_a one_o especial_o in_o uncultivated_a or_o stiff_a land_n by_o nature_n where_o young_a tree_n can_v so_o well_o put_v forth_o root_n and_o here_o i_o shall_v propose_v a_o sure_a way_n to_o have_v old_a tree_n remove_v grow_v and_o prosper_v well_o than_o be_v common_o practise_v that_o be_v if_o you_o chance_v to_o have_v any_o tree_n betwixt_o ten_o and_o thirty_o year_n old_a that_o you_o have_v a_o mind_n to_o remove_v you_o must_v about_o november_n the_o year_n before_o you_o transplant_v they_o dig_v a_o trench_n as_o narrow_a as_o you_o please_v but_o so_o deep_a as_o to_o meet_v with_o most_o of_o the_o spread_a root_n at_o such_o a_o distance_n round_o about_o the_o body_n of_o the_o tree_n as_o you_o will_v cut_v the_o root_n off_o at_o when_o you_o remove_v it_o about_o half_a a_o yard_n distant_a from_o the_o body_n may_v do_v well_o if_o they_o be_v not_o very_o large_a tree_n but_o if_o you_o have_v not_o far_o to_o carry_v they_o leave_v they_o long_o as_o you_o make_v the_o trench_n cut_v the_o root_n you_o meet_v with_o clear_a off_o and_o smooth_a without_o split_v they_o or_o bruise_v the_o bark_n fill_v up_o the_o trench_n again_o and_o by_o october_n next_o after_o when_o you_o take_v up_o the_o tree_n to_o set_v it_o elsewhere_o you_o will_v find_v those_o great_a root_n will_v have_v put_v forth_o many_o fibrous_a root_n and_o make_v preparation_n for_o more_o which_o fresh_a and_o tender_a root_n upon_o removal_n will_v enable_v the_o tree_n to_o draw_v more_o nourishment_n than_o otherwise_o it_o will_v and_o consequent_o to_o prosper_v the_o better_a in_o its_o new_a mansion_n order_n the_o order_n sect._n 8._o the_o best_a way_n you_o can_v set_v tree_n in_o a_o orchard_n be_v according_a to_o the_o figure_n which_o be_v call_v a_o quincunx_fw-la you_o be_v to_o proceed_v in_o set_v your_o tree_n in_o the_o ground_n by_o the_o same_o general_a rule_n give_v for_o wall-fruit_n observe_v exact_o all_o that_o be_v there_o but_o only_o what_o in_o particular_a concern_v the_o wall_n also_o in_o transplant_n any_o big_a tree_n man_n general_o observe_v to_o coast_n they_o as_o it_o be_v term_v tha●_n be_v to_o place_v the_o same_o side_n of_o the_o tree_n ●o_o the_o south_n east_n etc._n etc._n as_o grow_v so_o me●ly_o that_o way_n where_o it_o stand_v before_o to_o which_o end_n before_o you_o remove_v it_o you_o have_v best_o make_v some_o mark_n in_o the_o bark_n of_o the_o tree_n which_o way_n it_o stand_v this_o you_o may_v observe_v in_o straight_a tree_n but_o it_o be_v more_o material_a if_o your_o tree_n lean_a one_o way_n more_o than_o another_o to_o set_v the_o lean_a side_n towards_o the_o south-west_n from_o whence_o the_o strong_a wind_n blow_v fence_n t●●_n fence_n sect._n 9_o the_o best_a quick_a fence_n for_o your_o orchard_n be_v a_o good_a white-thorn_n that_o when_o it_o be_v grow_v up_o may_v be_v plash_v the_o better_a to_o prevent_v the_o creep_a of_o hog_n or_o sheep_n into_o it_o set_v no_o smooth_a quick_a in_o it_o that_o may_v grow_v to_o great_a tree_n because_o they_o will_v be_v hurtful_a both_o to_o the_o hedge_n and_o fruit-tree_n both_o by_o their_o top_n and_o root_n when_o they_o be_v grow_v up_o but_o set_v two_o row_n of_o good_a hawthorn_n and_o make_v the_o dead-hedg_n on_o the_o outside_n the_o ditch_n and_o the_o quickset_n will_v grow_v the_o fast_o for_o the_o hedge_n upon_o the_o ditch_n be_v apt_a to_o choke_v the_o quick_a and_o thus_o with_o sometime_o weed_n it_o you_o may_v soon_o raise_v a_o good_a fence_n if_o you_o have_v a_o old_a hedge_n already_o about_o your_o orchard_n scour_v the_o ditch_n and_o plash_n the_o hedge_n and_o cut_v down_o all_o big_a tree_n that_o grow_v in_o it_o unless_o on_o the_o north_n or_o westside_n the_o one_o require_v a_o defence_n to_o keep_v the_o orchard_n warm_a the_o other_o to_o secure_v it_o somewhat_o from_o the_o strong_a wind_n that_o blow_v down_o the_o fruit_n before_o its_o ripe_a though_o it_o be_v better_a they_o grow_v on_o the_o outside_n the_o hedge_n sect._n 10._o your_o orchard-fruit-tree_n as_o well_o as_o other_o prune_v prune_v will_v need_v some_o prune_n which_o you_o may_v observe_v to_o do_v after_o this_o manner_n if_o you_o desire_v they_o shall_v be_v tall_a tree_n cut_v off_o all_o the_o side_n branch_n till_o they_o be_v grow_v to_o the_o height_n you_o desire_v if_o to_o spread_v low_a let_v some_o be_v leave_v on_o each_o side_n that_o the_o bough_n on_o any_o one_o side_n may_v not_o weigh_v down_o the_o tree_n but_o that_o it_o may_v grow_v straight_o upright_o and_o suffer_v they_o not_o the_o first_o three_o year_n at_o least_o to_o grow_v thick_a and_o bushey_a head_a by_o cut_v off_o some_o of_o the_o inside_n shoot_v and_o such_o as_o grow_v across_o one_o another_o or_o pendent_a what_o you_o cut_v off_o from_o the_o body_n or_o

of_o some_o have_v use_v hay-rope_n hay-rope_n hay-rope_n bind_v about_o the_o tree_n from_o the_o ground_n to_o a_o sufficient_a height_n but_o this_o be_v endless_a in_o a_o nursery_n it_o may_v be_v do_v in_o a_o orchard_n but_o there_o be_v other_o way_n to_o be_v prefer_v before_o it_o other_o therefore_o dawb_v the_o body_n of_o the_o tree_n over_o with_o tar_n tar._n tar._n which_o be_v use_v alone_o endanger_v the_o life_n of_o very_o young_a plant_n and_o extreme_o harden_v the_o bark_n and_o otherwise_o hurt_v they_o which_o evil_a be_v prevent_v by_o mix_v the_o tar_n with_o any_o kind_n of_o grease_n grease_n tar_n and_o grease_n and_o boil_v they_o on_o a_o fire_n so_o as_o both_o may_v incorporate_v then_o with_o a_o brush_n or_o little_a broom_n daub_v over_o the_o body_n of_o the_o tree_n as_o high_a as_o a_o hare_n or_o rabbit_n can_v reach_v and_o if_o this_o be_v do_v in_o november_n it_o will_v preserve_v the_o tree_n for_o that_o whole_a year_n with_o that_o once_o do_v it_o be_v the_o winter_n time_n only_o that_o they_o will_v feed_v upon_o the_o bark_n some_o use_n grease_n alone_o grease_n grease_n and_o then_o it_o may_v require_v to_o be_v lay_v on_o twice_o in_o a_o winter_n dung_n man_n dung_n some_o thin_a stuff_n out_o of_o a_o house_n of_o office_n or_o the_o thick_a temper_v with_o water_n and_o brush_v on_o once_o in_o a_o winter_n have_v be_v often_o use_v with_o good_a success_n sect._n 3_o pismire_n pismire_n if_o you_o find_v pismire_n or_o aunt_n breed_v about_o or_o near_o the_o root_n of_o any_o of_o your_o tree_n cast_v away_o the_o earth_n they_o lodge_v in_o and_o supply_v its_o place_n with_o some_o stiff_a clay_n if_o they_o breed_v distant_a in_o several_a place_n some_o direct_a to_o dawb_v the_o tree_n about_o with_o tar_n that_o their_o foot_n may_v be_v take_v in_o it_o but_o you_o hear_v already_o that_o be_v prejudicial_a to_o young_a tree_n but_o if_o they_o pester_v you_o extreme_o and_o your_o tree_n be_v young_a you_o may_v bind_v a_o single_a list_n or_o shred_v of_o cloth_n about_o it_o and_o once_o aweek_n when_o bud_n and_o blossom_n be_v put_v forth_o for_o that_o be_v the_o chief_a time_n they_o prejudice_v they_o daub_v the_o cloth_n over_o with_o tar._n sect._n 4._o mole_n mole_n mole_n be_v to_o be_v kill_v especial_o in_o seed-plot_n and_o nursery_n spring-trap_n or_o box-trap_n be_v best_a to_o destroy_v they_o not_o easy_o describe_v but_o be_v now_o know_v almost_o general_o i_o have_v hear_v that_o water-rat_n will_v spoil_v a_o whole_a nursery_n water-rat_n water-rat_n get_v through_o mole-hole_n and_o bark_v or_o eat_v the_o young_a root_n i_o find_v several_a root_n once_o so_o serve_v and_o it_o be_v near_o a_o fishpond_n i_o suspect_v it_o be_v do_v by_o they_o but_o find_v also_o a_o snake_n in_o a_o hole_n among_o the_o root_n snake_n snake_n i_o know_v not_o whether_o that_o may_v not_o be_v the_o enemy_n asker_n est_n or_o asker_n est_n or_o as_o some_o call_v they_o asker_n be_v also_o say_v to_o be_v pernicious_a to_o tree_n but_o these_o three_o last_o accident_n be_v so_o rare_a and_o inconsiderable_a that_o it_o be_v needless_a to_o labour_n much_o about_o remedy_n against_o they_o only_o as_o man_n find_v they_o to_o destroy_v they_o caterpillar_n blast_n caterpillar_n sect._n 5._o the_o great_a prejudice_n to_o fruit_n be_v by_o blast_n frost_n immediate_o succeed_a rain_n caterpillar_n or_o black_a fly_n that_o cat_n up_o bud_n leaf_n and_o blossom_n there_o be_v one_o way_n use_v to_o help_v in_o all_o these_o case_n for_o orchard_n fruit_n but_o i_o know_v not_o how_o it_o shall_v be_v useful_a for_o any_o but_o the_o last_o two_o for_o which_o i_o dare_v commend_v it_o and_o that_o be_v that_o when_o in_o the_o spring_n you_o perceive_v these_o caterpillar_n or_o fly_v appear_v make_v fire_n of_o something_o that_o will_v smoke_v so_o near_o the_o orchard_n and_o in_o such_o place_n that_o the_o wind_n may_v carry_v the_o smoke_n as_o much_o through_o the_o tree_n as_o may_v be_v smoak_n smoak_n a_o thing_n frequent_o use_v be_v hempsheaves_n as_o it_o be_v call_v be_v the_o stalk_n of_o the_o hemp_n when_o the_o tow_n be_v separate_v from_o it_o and_o it_o be_v certain_o very_o good_a but_o bad_a chaff_n wet_a straw_n or_o mouldy_a hay_n or_o any_o thing_n of_o that_o nature_n may_v serve_v turn_n snail_n be_v pernicious_a to_o wall-fruit_n snail_n snail_n therefore_o destroy_v as_o many_o of_o they_o as_o you_o can_v when_o they_o be_v best_a to_o be_v discover_v which_o be_v early_o in_o the_o morning_n wall-fruit_n cover_v wall-fruit_n and_o to_o preserve_v your_o wall-fruit_n from_o blast_a wind_n and_o frost_n it_o will_v be_v necessary_a to_o cover_v they_o in_o the_o night_n and_o cold_a day_n by_o hang_v before_o they_o mat_n or_o blanket_n some_o stick_v branch_n of_o broom_n before_o the_o blossom_n and_o young_a tender_a fruit_n to_o preserve_v ripe_a fruit_n from_o bird_n bird_n bird_n spread_v a_o old_a net_n before_o the_o wall-fruit_n or_o upon_o the_o dwarf-tree_n chap._n xiii_o some_o particular_a rule_n about_o some_o kind_n of_o fruit-tree_n beside_o the_o general_n rule_v already_o mention_v vine_n of_o vine_n sect_n 1._o grape_n seldom_o or_o never_o ripen_v well_o in_o this_o isle_n without_o help_n of_o art_n and_o industry_n to_o which_o purpose_n take_v these_o direction_n 1._o to_o plant_v such_o as_o ripen_v soon_o in_o the_o year_n that_o they_o may_v have_v as_o much_o of_o the_o summer_n heat_n at_o ripen_a time_n as_o may_v be_v 2._o let_v the_o wall_n you_o plant_v they_o against_o be_v a_o full_a south_n or_o but_o a_o little_a incline_n to_o the_o east_n or_o if_o you_o have_v a_o half-round_a or_o corner_n in_o a_o wall_n or_o the_o back_n of_o a_o brick_n chimney_n make_v use_n of_o such_o place_n for_o they_o wall_n of_o low_a wall_n vine_n will_v prosper_v well_o against_o a_o high_a wall_n yet_o that_o be_v not_o altogether_o so_o necessary_a but_o that_o low_a wall_n may_v serve_v turn_n and_o the_o high_a may_v be_v reserve_v for_o such_o fruit-tree_n as_o will_v not_o do_v well_o without_o they_o that_o of_o a_o tarras-walk_a may_v do_v well_o for_o vine_n and_o the_o gravel-walk_a under_o the_o wall_n will_v mighty_o increase_v the_o heat_n about_o they_o wall_n narrow_a place_n in_o wall_n if_o you_o plant_v any_o tree_n against_o your_o dwell_a house-wall_n there_o may_v be_v some_o narrow_a place_n between_o two_o window_n or_o the_o like_a where_o other_o fruit-tree_n have_v not_o room_n to_o spread_v a_o vine_n may_v grow_v up_o there_o and_o above_o those_o narrow_a place_n enlarge_v itself_o where_o ever_o it_o meet_v with_o room_n tree_n betwixt_o fruit_n tree_n you_o may_v also_o plant_v a_o vine_n betwixt_o every_o fruit-tree_n that_o grow_v against_o your_o hot_a wall_n and_o let_v it_o spread_v a_o little_a in_o the_o summer_n time_n into_o the_o fruit-tree_n on_o either_o side_n especial_o if_o the_o fruit_n of_o such_o tree_n use_v to_o be_v early_o ripe_a or_o that_o they_o bear_v little_a fruit_n or_o have_v not_o be_v so_o long_o set_v as_o to_o have_v cover_v the_o wall_n and_o though_o such_o vine_n can_v extend_v themselves_o to_o that_o bigness_n as_o those_o plant_v where_o they_o have_v more_o room_n yet_o by_o this_o mean_v you_o will_v make_v advantage_n of_o such_o portion_n of_o your_o wall_n as_o otherwise_o you_o can_v have_v have_v little_a benefit_n from_o soil_n proper_a soil_n sect._n 2._o the_o best_a ground_n for_o they_o be_v that_o which_o be_v rich_a and_o dry_a inclinable_a to_o stony_a or_o gravel_n so_o it_o bound_v not_o the_o best_a dung_n to_o fatten_v the_o earth_n they_o grow_v in_o be_v horse_n or_o sheep_n dung_n make_v bare_a the_o root_n in_o the_o begin_n of_o winter_n and_o throw_v in_o plenty_n of_o the_o same_o dung_n most_o winter_n propagate_a way_n of_o propagate_a the_o best_a way_n of_o propagate_a of_o they_o be_v in_o november_n to_o lay_v a_o 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