law_n reject_v pactum_fw-la legis_fw-la commissoriae_fw-la which_o we_o call_v a_o clause_n irritant_fw-la whereby_o it_o be_v provide_v that_o if_o the_o debt_n be_v not_o pay_v at_o such_o a_o time_n the_o reversion_n shall_v be_v void_a our_o custom_n do_v not_o annul_v such_o clause_n but_o by_o act_n of_o sederunt_fw-la november_n 27._o 1592._o it_o be_v declare_v that_o the_o lord_n will_v decide_v in_o all_o clause_n irritant_fw-la in_o infeftment_n bond_n and_o tack_n according_a to_o the_o express_a word_n and_o meaning_n thereof_o precise_o yet_o the_o lord_n allow_v such_o clause_n to_o be_v purge_v by_o performance_n before_o sentence_n declare_v the_o clause_n irritant_fw-la commit_v in_o which_o process_n though_o it_o be_v commit_v long_o before_o yet_o by_o payment_n at_o the_o bar_n it_o will_v be_v purge_v even_o though_o the_o party_n after_o the_o irritancy_n get_v possession_n hope_n clause_n irritant_fw-la john_n edgar_n contra_fw-la gordoun_n of_o earlestoun_n yea_o though_o the_o wodsetter_n have_v obtain_v a_o decreet_a of_o remove_v two_o year_n after_o the_o failzie_a against_o which_o reposition_n be_v grant_v pay_v all_o damnage_n and_o interest_n july_n 8._o 1636._o cleghorn_n contra_fw-la ferguson_n and_o albeit_o the_o money_n be_v not_o ready_a to_o purge_v at_o the_o bar_n so_o that_o the_o failzie_n be_v declare_v yet_o it_o be_v supercee_v extract_n for_o a_o time_n that_o it_o may_v be_v purge_v in_o the_o mean_a time_n february_n 7._o 1628._o pringle_n contra_fw-la ker._n but_o where_o the_o requisition_n be_v on_o nine_o score_n day_n there_o be_v no_o time_n grant_v after_o the_o decreet_a to_o purge_v july_n 19_o 1625._o nairn_n contra_fw-la naper_n this_o clause_n be_v so_o odious_a that_o it_o be_v elide_v by_o the_o wodsetters_n possession_n of_o a_o part_n of_o the_o land_n and_o thereby_o get_v a_o part_n of_o the_o annualrent_a march_v 18._o 1629._o barcley_n contra_fw-la stevinson_n the_o like_a by_o accept_v of_o payment_n of_o annualrent_a after_o failzie_n hope_n clause_n irritant_fw-la nasmith_n contra_fw-la kinloch_n the_o like_a by_o payment_n of_o annualrent_n or_o by_o compensation_n therewith_o ibid._n barns_n contra_fw-la barcley_n the_o reason_n of_o the_o law_n and_o our_o custom_n be_v because_o impignoration_n be_v a_o permutative_a contract_n wherein_o equality_n be_v mean_v and_o require_v and_o clause_n irritant_fw-la be_v redact_v to_o equality_n respect_n be_v not_o have_v to_o the_o term_n and_o expression_n of_o the_o contract_n but_o to_o the_o thing_n true_o do_v and_o therefore_o though_o sale_n of_o land_n with_o reversion_n be_v express_v yet_o if_o there_o be_v not_o a_o competent_a equivalent_a price_n and_o that_o it_o be_v not_o a_o real_a and_o proper_a sale_n but_o only_o a_o wodset_n under_o that_o conception_n the_o clause_n irritant_fw-la have_v no_o further_a effect_n than_o be_v before_o express_v but_o if_o it_o be_v a_o true_a sale_n and_o competent_a price_n the_o clause_n irritant_fw-la be_v not_o penal_a but_o have_v its_o full_a effect_n but_o otherwise_o it_o be_v still_o purgeable_a till_o declarator_n which_o therefore_o be_v necessary_a even_o though_o the_o clause_n irritant_fw-la bear_v that_o the_o reversion_n shall_v be_v null_a without_o declarator_n for_o the_o remee_n of_o the_o exorbitancy_n of_o such_o clause_n irritant_fw-la 61._o impignoration_n be_v either_o express_a by_o the_o explicit_a consent_n of_o party_n or_o implicit_a which_o be_v introduce_v by_o law_n without_o consent_n of_o party_n of_o such_o tacit_a hypothecation_n there_o have_v be_v many_o in_o the_o civil_a law_n as_o in_o the_o ware_n for_o the_o price_n in_o house_n for_o expense_n in_o preservation_n or_o melioration_n or_o for_o money_n lend_v for_o that_o use_n to_o a_o wife_n in_o the_o good_n of_o her_o husband_n for_o her_o tocher_n to_o pupil_n and_o minor_n in_o the_o good_n of_o their_o tutor_n and_o curator_n for_o their_o duty_n and_o administration_n to_o pupil_n in_o the_o good_n of_o their_o mother_n be_v their_o tutrix_n or_o in_o the_o good_n of_o her_o second_o husband_n if_o she_o do_v not_o make_v a_o account_n and_o procure_v a_o new_a tutor_n before_o her_o marriage_n to_o legator_n in_o the_o good_n of_o executor_n to_o the_o fisk_n for_o their_o tribute_n or_o their_o contract_n to_o city_n in_o the_o good_n of_o their_o administrator_n but_o our_o custom_n have_v take_v away_o express_a hypothecation_n of_o all_o or_o a_o part_n of_o the_o debtor_n good_n without_o delivery_n and_o in_o the_o tacit_a legal_a hypothecation_n have_v only_o allow_v a_o few_o allow_v ordinary_o party_n to_o be_v prefer_v according_a to_o the_o priority_n of_o their_o legal_a diligence_n that_o commerce_n may_v be_v the_o more_o sure_a and_o every_o one_o may_n more_o easy_o know_v his_o condition_n with_o who_o he_o contract_v and_o therefore_o good_n sell_v be_v not_o find_v under_o any_o hypothecation_n for_o the_o price_n june_n 14._o 1676._o thomas_n cushney_n contra_fw-la john_n crystie_n yet_o with_o we_o there_o remain_v the_o tacit_a hypothecation_n of_o the_o fruit_n on_o the_o ground_n in_o the_o first_o place_n and_o they_o not_o satisfy_v the_o good_n on_o the_o ground_n belong_v to_o the_o possessor_n for_o the_o term_n or_o the_o year_n when_o the_o crop_v be_v on_o the_o ground_n but_o not_o for_o prior_n or_o past_a year_n and_o therefore_o all_o master_n of_o the_o ground_n or_o their_o assigney_n have_v right_o to_o the_o mail_n and_o duty_n have_v interest_n to_o recover_v the_o rent_n thereof_o from_o all_o intromettor_n with_o the_o fruit_n rent_n or_o profit_n thereof_o though_o upon_o a_o title_n unless_o their_o title_n be_v preferable_a or_o at_o least_o have_v the_o benefit_n of_o a_o possessory_a judgement_n this_o be_v extend_v to_o intromettor_n though_o they_o buy_v the_o corn_n which_o grow_v on_o the_o ground_n in_o public_a mercat_n at_o zule_n albeit_o the_o heretor_fw-la have_v poynd_v a_o part_n of_o the_o crop_n for_o the_o rent_n of_o a_o prior_n year_n unless_o at_o the_o term_n of_o payment_n candlemas_n there_o be_v sufficient_a fruit_n on_o the_o ground_n to_o satisfy_v the_o rent_n march_v 29._o 1639._o da_z marry_o hay_o contra_fw-la archibald_n elliot_n second_o it_o be_v extend_v to_o intromettor_n with_o the_o crop_v and_o good_n of_o the_o ground_n though_o they_o lawful_o poynd_v the_o same_o from_o the_o tenant_n for_o their_o just_a debt_n nic._n in_o quibus_fw-la causis_fw-la pignus_fw-la etc._n etc._n earl_n of_o wintoun_n contra_fw-la barcley_n unless_o they_o leave_v as_o much_o upon_o the_o ground_n as_o may_v satisfy_v the_o rent_n beside_o the_o household_n stuff_n july_n 25._o 1623._o february_n 3._o 1624._o hay_o contra_fw-la keith_n the_o like_a wherein_o the_o present_a crop_v be_v not_o account_v but_o leave_v for_o the_o subsequent_a rent_n of_o which_o the_o term_n be_v not_o come_v june_n 29._o 1624._o polwart_n contra_fw-la three_o it_o be_v extend_v that_o thereby_o the_o master_n of_o the_o ground_n may_v summary_o stop_v poind_v unless_o sufficient_a good_n be_v leave_v to_o pay_v the_o rent_n beside_o the_o plenish_n of_o the_o house_n february_n 3._o 1624._o arrocks_n bairn_n contra_fw-la keith_n four_o this_o be_v extend_v against_o the_o donatar_n of_o the_o tenant_n escheat_n intromet_v thereby_o who_o be_v find_v liable_a though_o no_o action_n be_v move_v by_o the_o master_n of_o the_o ground_n for_o seven_o year_n in_o the_o say_a case_n hay_o contra_fw-la keith_n the_o like_a be_v sustain_v as_o to_o the_o good_n of_o the_o possessor_n of_o house_n invecta_fw-la &_o illata_fw-la for_o house-maile_n for_o all_o intromettor_n therewith_o be_v liable_a and_o the_o good_n may_v be_v stop_v from_o poind_v for_o the_o possessor_n debt_n without_o deforcement_n be_v invecta_fw-la &_o illata_fw-la but_o this_o extend_v only_o to_o one_o year_n or_o two_o term_n mail_n december_n 7._o 1630._o dick_n contra_fw-la land_n but_o the_o hypothecation_n of_o the_o fruit_n of_o the_o ground_n be_v great_a then_o of_o the_o tenant_n other_o good_n for_o the_o fruit_n be_v liable_a according_a to_o the_o value_n thereof_o for_o the_o rent_n though_o there_o remain_v other_o good_n sufficient_a to_o pay_v the_o rent_n on_o the_o ground_n see_v there_o remain_v not_o sufficient_a fruit_n to_o pay_v the_o same_o march_z ult_n 1624._o lady_n down_o and_o her_o spouse_n contra_fw-la laird_n of_o down_n this_o hypothecation_n of_o the_o fruit_n for_o the_o rent_n be_v extend_v to_o a_o town_n set_v their_o custom_n even_o against_o the_o sub-tacksman_a not_o bind_v to_o the_o town_n who_o be_v prefer_v to_o the_o tacksmans_n creditor_n in_o a_o double_a poynd_n january_n 31._o 1665._o anderson_n and_o proven_n contra_fw-la the_o town_n of_o edinburgh_n it_o be_v also_o extend_v to_o the_o seller_n of_o fish_v against_o the_o donatar_n of_o the_o tacks-mans_n escheat_n who_o be_v find_v liable_a to_o restore_v
till_o when_o he_o please_v or_o open_v the_o ground_n for_o other_o effect_n of_o property_n as_o to_o win_v coal_n or_o stone_n unless_o by_o consent_n or_o custom_n it_o be_v otherways_o regular_a but_o so_o far_o as_o remain_v grass_n belong_v whole_o to_o the_o other_o but_o most_o ordinary_o pasturage_n be_v in_o common_a either_o to_o the_o proprietar_n and_o he_o that_o have_v the_o servitude_n or_o to_o many_o have_v acquire_v the_o servitnde_n promiscuous_o though_o with_o exclusion_n of_o the_o proprietar_n from_o grassing_n and_o that_o again_o be_v either_o for_o a_o indefinite_a number_n of_o sum_n or_o definit_o for_o a_o certain_a number_n express_v common_a pasturage_n be_v ordinary_o constitute_v by_o the_o charter_n of_o the_o dominant_a ground_n express_v the_o clause_n with_o common_a pasturage_n which_o when_o general_a have_v no_o other_o effect_n then_o the_o common_a clause_n of_o charter_n to_o give_v the_o right_n of_o any_o pasturage_n belong_v to_o the_o fee_n if_o any_o be_v but_o if_o it_o be_v clad_v with_o immemorial_n or_o forty_o year_n possession_n by_o the_o act_n of_o prescription_n it_o carry_v unquestionable_o the_o right_n of_o pasturage_n upon_o any_o ground_n belong_v to_o the_o superior_a and_o upon_o which_o he_o may_v the_o time_n of_o the_o charter_n have_v constitute_v a_o pasturage_n yet_o it_o be_v more_o dubious_a whether_o long_a possession_n can_v introduce_v pasturage_n upon_o ground_n not_o belong_v to_o the_o superior_a grant_a of_o the_o charter_n and_o it_o have_v be_v find_v that_o it_o have_v be_v so_o constitute_v yea_o though_o the_o clause_n of_o common_a pasturage_n be_v not_o in_o the_o charter_n but_o only_o the_o land_n dispone_v with_o part_n and_o pertinent_o with_o long_a possession_n spot_n servitude_n knockdolian_n contra_fw-la tenant_n of_o partick_n the_o like_a be_v former_o find_v in_o the_o case_n of_o the_o town_n of_o pearth_n anent_o the_o isle_n of_o sleiple_n pasturage_n may_v also_o be_v constitute_v by_o a_o contract_n clad_v with_o possession_n without_o any_o seasine_a which_o be_v effectual_a even_o against_o singular_a successor_n jan._n 26._o 1622._o turnbul_n contra_fw-la laird_n of_o blanernie_n pasturage_n be_v constitute_v in_o reference_n to_o the_o dominant_a ground_n though_o it_o be_v indefinite_a and_o promiscuous_a must_v be_v regulate_v and_o proportionat_v according_a to_o the_o use_n of_o the_o several_a dominant_a ground_n have_v right_a thereto_o proportional_a to_o the_o rent_n thereof_o or_o the_o good_n it_o may_v hold_v and_o fodder_n in_o winter_n thus_o a_o comontie_n be_v ordain_v to_o be_v visit_v and_o soumed_a and_o proportionat_a to_o every_o room_n have_v privilege_n therein_o nicol._n de_fw-fr communi_fw-la the_o laird_n of_o sessnock_n contra_fw-la nimnto_fw-la absent_a and_o though_o the_o pasturage_n have_v be_v never_o so_o long_o promiscuous_o use_v without_o any_o determinat_fw-la soum_n but_o that_o all_o have_v put_v to_o it_o what_o they_o please_v that_o can_v by_o constitute_v by_o prescription_n as_o a_o right_n be_v contrary_a to_o the_o very_a nature_n and_o substance_n of_o the_o servitude_n whereby_o the_o pasturage_n will_v be_v destroy_v and_o unprofitable_a to_o all_o if_o not_o regulable_a and_o restrainable_a to_o what_o it_o may_v hold_v and_o that_o by_o proportion_n for_o though_o some_o have_v be_v in_o use_n to_o put_v more_o good_n and_o some_o few_o yet_o unless_o the_o quantity_n have_v be_v determinat_fw-la and_o fix_v other_o can_v not_o be_v exclude_v from_o their_o proportion_n but_o such_o as_o by_o forty_o year_n forbearance_n be_v whole_o exclude_v it_o be_v accustom_v in_o some_o place_n to_o regulate_v common_a pasturage_n by_o soum_v and_o roum_v which_o be_v the_o determine_n of_o the_o several_a soum_n it_o may_v hold_v by_o particular_a proportion_n to_o every_o room_n of_o the_o dominant_a tenement_n but_o none_o of_o the_o party_n interress_v can_v compel_v the_o rest_n to_o divide_v see_v it_o will_v be_v frequent_o to_o the_o disadvantage_n of_o several_n of_o the_o party_n interress_v as_o when_o common_a pasturage_n be_v in_o a_o common_a muire_n enclose_v with_o a_o dyke_n and_o so_o need_v none_o at_o least_o but_o one_o herd_n for_o they_o all_o which_o if_o it_o be_v divide_v of_o time_n the_o several_a proportion_n of_o most_o interress_v can_v not_o be_v worth_a a_o several_a hird_n especial_o when_o the_o property_n remain_v in_o another_o though_o burden_v with_o this_o servitude_n even_o though_o the_o proprietar_n retain_v a_o share_n in_o the_o common_a pasturage_n yet_o he_o alone_o be_v proprietar_n and_o if_o any_o stone_n or_o coal_n be_v find_v there_o it_o will_v belong_v to_o he_o alone_o but_o it_o be_v otherways_o in_o the_o community_n of_o the_o full_a property_n where_o after_o division_n any_o party_n may_v till_o and_o use_v all_o act_n of_o property_n a_o servitude_n of_o pasturage_n of_o a_o definite_a number_n of_o sheep_n upon_o large_a muir_n be_v find_v not_o to_o give_v interest_n to_o cause_v the_o heretor_fw-la or_o tenants_n soum_n the_o same_o that_o the_o ground_n may_v not_o be_v overflock_v to_o the_o prejudice_n of_o the_o servitude_n january_n 23._o 1679._o mr._n alexander_n dunlop_n contra_fw-la laird_n of_o drumelzier_n where_o pasturage_n be_v constitute_v upon_o ground_n a_o part_n of_o which_o have_v be_v plough_v before_o the_o constitution_n it_o do_v not_o hinder_v the_o master_n of_o the_o ground_n to_o blow_n other_o place_n than_o what_o be_v former_o plough_v but_o he_o may_v plough_v as_o much_o as_o he_o please_v yet_o so_o that_o whenever_o the_o plough_v ground_n lie_v lee_n the_o pasturage_n will_v reach_v the_o same_o jan._n 20._o 1680._o earl_n of_o southesk_n contra_fw-la melgam_fw-la and_o other_o heretor_n about_o munrew-mount_a 15._o the_o chief_a and_o most_o frequent_a servitude_n in_o scotland_n be_v thirlage_n or_o a_o restriction_n of_o land_n to_o milns_n wherein_o the_o miln_n be_v dominant_a and_o the_o land_n astrict_v be_v seruient_fw-fr for_o as_o have_v be_v show_v before_o a_o miln_n be_v a_o distinct_a tenement_n from_o land_n and_o be_v not_o comprehend_v under_o the_o name_n of_o part_n and_o pertinent_a thereof_o unless_o there_o be_v a_o erection_n in_o barony_n lordship_n etc._n etc._n milns_n at_o first_o be_v build_v as_o sometime_o they_o be_v yet_o without_o any_o astriction_n or_o thirlage_n but_o only_o to_o gain_v by_o the_o work_n thereof_o a_o equivalent_a hire_n and_o so_o it_o be_v a_o voluntary_a personal_a contract_n of_o location_n and_o conduction_n none_o be_v oblige_v to_o grind_v their_o grain_n thereat_o but_o such_o only_o come_v as_o please_v and_o for_o such_o hire_n as_o party_n do_v accord_v yet_o these_o who_o come_v to_o a_o miln_n without_o astriction_n and_o without_o express_a paction_n be_v understand_v thereby_o to_o agree_v to_o the_o ordinary_a multure_n of_o corn_n not_o astrict_v which_o be_v call_v outen-town-multures_a but_o now_o most_o land_n be_v astrict_v to_o certain_a milns_n and_o for_o a_o certain_a quantity_n of_o multure_n far_o beyond_o the_o value_n of_o the_o work_n or_o grind_n of_o the_o corn_n but_o upon_o other_o consideration_n whereby_o it_o be_v a_o part_n of_o the_o rent_n of_o the_o land_n astrict_v as_o when_o a_o heretor_fw-la astrict_v his_o own_o tenant_n to_o his_o own_o or_o another_o miln_n it_o be_v a_o part_n of_o their_o rent_n for_o the_o more_o multure_n they_o pay_v they_o pay_v the_o less_o rent_n and_o so_o it_o be_v alike_o to_o they_o whether_o it_o be_v great_a or_o small_a or_o otherways_o when_o a_o superior_a give_v out_o land_n upon_o condition_n of_o thirlage_n the_o multure_n be_v a_o part_n of_o the_o reddendo_fw-la or_o price_n and_o it_o be_v a_o general_a rule_n that_o none_o can_v thirl_z land_n but_o he_o that_o be_v fire_n and_o have_v power_n of_o disposal_n thereof_o and_o therefore_o astriction_n though_o it_o be_v not_o favourable_a but_o have_v the_o ordinary_a odium_fw-la that_o other_o servitude_n have_v yet_o it_o be_v not_o to_o be_v account_v a_o unjust_a and_o intolerable_a bondage_n 16._o there_o be_v many_o question_n about_o thirlage_n which_o may_v be_v reduce_v to_o these_o two_o head_n first_o how_o thirlage_n be_v constitute_v and_o instruct_v second_o how_o far_o it_o be_v to_o be_v extend_v as_o for_o the_o first_o we_o shall_v proceed_v from_o the_o way_n more_o evident_a to_o these_o which_o be_v more_o dubious_a and_o first_o positive_o and_o then_o negative_o the_o first_o and_o most_o unquestionable_a way_n of_o constitution_n of_o thirlage_n be_v when_o a_o heretor_fw-la thirl_v his_o own_o land_n to_o his_o own_o miln_n by_o consent_n of_o his_o tenant_n whereby_o the_o multure_n become_v a_o part_n of_o the_o rent_n second_o when_o a_o heretor_fw-la dispones_fw-la his_o land_n with_o express_a condition_n of_o thirlage_n thereof_o to_o his_o miln_n or_o to_o any_o other_o
by_o lift_v the_o profit_n 15._o symbolical_a possession_n 16._o possession_n by_o reservation_n 17._o definition_n of_o possession_n 18._o requisite_n to_o begin_v possession_n 19_o requisite_n to_o retain_v possession_n 20._o how_o possession_n be_v trouble_v interrupt_a or_o lose_v 21._o kind_n of_o possession_n 22._o lawful_a possession_n give_v right_a to_o continue_v it_o against_o all_o illegal_a and_o clandestine_v act_n contrary_a thereto_o 23._o bonae_fw-la fidei_fw-la possessor_n facit_fw-la fructus_fw-la consumptos_fw-la suos_fw-la 24._o this_n not_o extend_v to_o unlawful_a possesser_n 25._o possessor_n decennalis_fw-la &_o triennalis_fw-la non_fw-la tenetur_fw-la docere_fw-la de_fw-la titulo_fw-la 26._o 〈◊〉_d possession_n of_o forefaulted_a person_n 27._o possession_n to_o what_o right_a ascriveable_a 28._o the_o nature_n of_o property_n 29._o property_n by_o possession_n of_o thing_n common_a 30._o appropriation_n by_o industry_n 31._o first_o property_n of_o the_o ground_n be_v of_o house_n and_o wall_n 32._o next_o of_o field_n and_o country_n 33._o quae_fw-la nullius_fw-la sunt_fw-la 34._o appropriation_n by_o accession_n of_o birth_n and_o fruit_n 35._o appropriation_n by_o alluvion_n 36._o appropriation_n by_o specification_n 37._o appropriation_n by_o necessary_a conjunction_n 38._o de_fw-fr tigno_fw-la injuncto_fw-la 39_o inaedificata_fw-la solo_fw-la cedunt_fw-la 40._o thing_n sow_v and_o plant_v how_o far_o they_o follow_v the_o ground_n 41._o possession_n of_o movable_n 〈◊〉_d property_n 42._o reprysal_n 43._o enemy_n good_n take_v in_o war._n 44._o good_n of_o neuter_n assist_v enemy_n become_v prize_n have_v go_v through_o the_o first_o two_o branch_n of_o private_a right_n personal_a freedom_n and_o obligation_n we_o come_v now_o to_o the_o three_o which_o be_v dominion_n but_o because_o that_o term_n be_v more_o appropriate_a to_o man_n over_o man_n then_o over_o other_o creature_n it_o be_v therefore_o call_v a_o real_a right_n or_o a_o right_n of_o thing_n for_o as_o obligation_n be_v a_o right_n personal_a as_o be_v a_o power_n of_o exact_v from_o person_n that_o which_o be_v due_a so_o a_o right_a real_a be_v a_o power_n of_o disposal_n of_o thing_n in_o their_o substance_n fruit_n or_o use_v for_o unfolding_a this_o right_n and_o the_o progress_n thereof_o both_o according_a to_o the_o order_n of_o time_n and_o nature_n advert_v 1._o first_o that_o when_o god_n create_v man_n he_o give_v he_o the_o dominion_n or_o lordship_n over_o all_o the_o creature_n of_o the_o earth_n in_o the_o air_n and_o in_o the_o sea_n genefis_n 1_o verse_n 29_o and_o 30._o with_o power_n to_o man_n to_o dispose_v of_o the_o creature_n even_o to_o the_o consumption_n thereof_o and_o it_o be_v like_a that_o during_o man_n innocency_n there_o be_v upon_o the_o part_n of_o the_o creature_n a_o great_a subjection_n and_o subserviency_n to_o man_n till_o afterward_o when_o he_o revolt_v from_o god_n the_o creature_n revolt_v also_o from_o he_o yet_o god_n dominion_n over_o man_n and_o man_n dominion_n over_o the_o creature_n remain_v still_o in_o right_n so_o that_o he_o have_v a_o legal_a power_n and_o warrant_v to_o dispose_v of_o they_o though_o not_o so_o much_o possession_n or_o natural_a power_n be_v less_o able_a to_o master_v they_o then_o before_o it_o be_v a_o false_a and_o groundless_a opinion_n which_o some_o hold_n that_o man_n by_o his_o fall_n have_v lose_v his_o right_n to_o the_o creature_n until_o by_o grace_n he_o be_v restore_v and_o that_o the_o sole_a dominion_n of_o they_o belong_v to_o the_o saint_n who_o may_v take_v they_o by_o force_n from_o all_o other_o for_o by_o the_o whole_a strain_n of_o the_o law_n of_o god_n he_o still_o ow_v dominion_n and_o property_n of_o the_o creature_n in_o man_n without_o distinction_n and_o prohibit_v all_o force_n or_o fraud_n in_o the_o contrary_a which_o sufficient_o clear_v that_o subtlety_n of_o man_n forefaulture_n which_o though_o it_o make_v man_n obnoxious_a by_o way_n of_o obligation_n to_o punishment_n by_o god_n exterminate_v he_o from_o the_o use_n and_o comfort_n of_o the_o creature_n yet_o that_o obligation_n do_v not_o infer_v actualceass_v of_o man_n right_a much_o less_o the_o state_v of_o the_o right_n of_o mankind_n in_o a_o small_a part_n of_o they_o this_o dominion_n of_o the_o creature_n be_v give_v to_o man_n without_o distinct_a proportion_n or_o bound_n it_o necessary_o follow_v that_o by_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n the_o birth_n and_o fruit_n of_o both_o sea_n and_o land_n be_v common_a to_o all_o mankind_n who_o have_v equal_a interest_n therein_o and_o every_o one_o may_v take_v and_o make_v use_n thereof_o for_o his_o necessity_n utility_n and_o delight_n yet_o so_o as_o the_o use_n and_o fruit_n thereof_o must_v in_o some_o case_n and_o may_v in_o all_o case_n become_v proper_a as_o what_o any_o have_v take_v and_o possess_v for_o his_o use_n become_v thereby_o proper_a and_o can_v not_o without_o injury_n be_v take_v from_o he_o much_o more_o the_o thing_n which_o have_v receive_v specification_n from_o his_o art_n or_o industry_n become_v proper_a and_o all_o other_o may_v be_v debar_v from_o any_o profit_n or_o use_v thereof_o but_o so_o that_o some_o property_n or_o use_n may_v be_v communicate_v to_o other_o which_o be_v the_o lesser_a and_o not_o reach_v the_o power_n of_o the_o substance_n of_o the_o thing_n be_v therefore_o call_v a_o servitude_n whereby_o that_o which_o be_v proper_a to_o one_o serve_v another_o in_o part_n and_o when_o the_o proprietar_n give_v not_o the_o fruit_n or_o use_v but_o only_o the_o hold_n or_o the_o detention_n of_o the_o thing_n to_o another_o for_o his_o security_n of_o some_o debt_n or_o obligation_n of_o the_o proprietar_n to_o he_o that_o right_o be_v call_v a_o pawn_n or_o pledge_v so_o that_o in_o whole_a all_o real_a right_n be_v either_o that_o original_a community_n of_o all_o man_n or_o the_o interest_n which_o possession_n give_v or_o property_n servitude_n or_o pledge_n of_o which_o in_o order_n first_o general_o as_o they_o be_v of_o old_a common_a to_o both_o thing_n movable_a and_o immovable_a and_o then_o special_o in_o relation_n to_o thing_n immovable_a and_o to_o heritable_a ground-rights_a of_o the_o earth_n and_o thing_n fix_v thereto_o which_o now_o by_o the_o feudal_n custom_n be_v much_o change_v from_o what_o they_o be_v and_o yet_o be_v in_o moveable_n 2._o the_o distinction_n of_o movable_a and_o heritable_a be_v very_o necessary_a to_o be_v here_o know_v as_o be_v the_o common_a material_n of_o real_a right_n and_o have_v a_o general_a use_n any_o thing_n be_v call_v movable_a which_o by_o its_o nature_n and_o use_n be_v capable_a of_o motion_n as_o thing_n immovable_a be_v the_o earth_n sea_n and_o thing_n fix_v to_o the_o earth_n not_o to_o be_v remove_v therefrom_o as_o tree_n house_n etc._n etc._n which_o though_o they_o may_v be_v possible_o move_v yet_o it_o be_v not_o their_o use_n so_o to_o be_v the_o superfice_n of_o the_o earth_n be_v immovable_a though_o it_o may_v be_v move_v from_o one_o place_n to_o another_o place_n of_o the_o earth_n the_o sea_n also_o be_v immovable_a though_o it_o have_v at_o the_o shoar_n its_o agitation_n by_o ebb_v and_o flow_v which_o be_v not_o the_o use_n man_n make_v of_o it_o these_o thing_n be_v call_v heritable_a because_o they_o descend_v not_o to_o executor_n to_o who_o only_a movable_n befall_v but_o to_o heir_n and_o so_o the_o distinction_n come_v ordinary_o of_o movable_n and_o heretables_n as_o that_o which_o be_v fix_v to_o or_o part_n of_o the_o ground_n be_v count_v immovable_a as_o tree_n and_o grass_n and_o all_o he_o natural_a fruit_n of_o the_o earth_n yet_o industrial_a fruit_n as_o corn_n be_v count_v movable_a and_o belong_v not_o to_o the_o heir_n of_o defunct_n but_o to_o their_o executor_n when_o they_o be_v sow_v or_o grow_v upon_o the_o ground_n at_o their_o death_n as_o well_o as_o when_o they_o be_v reap_v and_o so_o fall_v under_o single_a escheat_n february_n 2._o 1627._o lewis_n somervel_n contra_fw-la mr._n william_n stirling_n the_o distinction_n of_o heritable_a and_o movable_a be_v derive_v to_o right_n and_o obligation_n as_o the_o matter_n thereof_o be_v heritable_a or_o movable_a and_o so_o all_o disposition_n or_o obligation_n for_o constitute_v any_o right_n of_o the_o ground_n in_o property_n community_n or_o servitude_n be_v heritable_a although_o they_o have_v not_o yet_o attain_v their_o effect_n and_o become_v real_a right_n complete_a as_o disposition_n of_o land_n annualrent_n pasturage_n thirleage_v etc._n etc._n which_o be_v so_o far_o extend_v that_o all_o which_o be_v by_o destination_n to_o have_v its_o accomplishment_n by_o a_o real_a right_n of_o the_o ground_n be_v heritable_a as_o bond_n bear_v clause_n of_o annualrent_n which_o because_o annualrent_n be_v usual_o by_o infeftment_n therefore_o the_o very_a provision_n of_o annualrent_n though_o but_o a_o personal_a
which_o be_v counterband_n yet_o the_o king_n declare_v these_o shall_v not_o be_v seize_v upon_o that_o account_n which_o be_v not_o find_v sufficient_a to_o defend_v a_o swedish_n ship_n carry_v such_o counterband-goods_a not_o be_v the_o product_n of_o their_o own_o country_n july_n 27._o and_o 31._o and_o november_n 6._o 1665._o parkman_n contra_fw-la captain_n allan_n in_o the_o last_o treaty_n betwixt_o the_o king_n and_o the_o swede_n there_o be_v a_o article_n bear_v that_o counterband_n shall_v be_v prize_n si_fw-la deprehendatur_fw-la and_o therefore_o it_o be_v thereby_o infer_v that_o the_o ship_n and_o remanent_fw-la loadn_v be_v not_o prize_n july_n 18._o 1673._o captain_n winchester_n contra_fw-la the_o owner_n of_o the_o st._n andrew_n there_o be_v the_o like_a article_n both_o as_o to_o counterband_n and_o enemy_n good_n in_o the_o treaty_n of_o breda_n betwixt_o the_o king_n the_o dutch_a the_o french_a and_o dane_n at_o the_o pacification_n of_o the_o first_o dutch_a war_n but_o that_o pacification_n be_v break_v by_o the_o second_o dutch_a war_n it_o be_v not_o find_v effectual_a in_o the_o subsequent_a war_n upon_o a_o letter_n from_o the_o king_n a_o ship_n be_v not_o find_v prize_n for_o carry_v of_o victual_n or_o money_n to_o the_o enemy_n country_n july_n 16._o 1673._o captain_n lyel_fw-mi contra_fw-la the_o master_n of_o the_o leopard_n there_o be_v no_o doubt_n but_o carry_v of_o soldier_n to_o the_o enemy_n country_n of_o what_o nation_n soever_o they_o be_v be_v counterband_n and_o use_v to_o be_v express_v in_o the_o treaty_n of_o ally_n general_o under_o the_o name_n of_o man_n which_o can_v only_o be_v understand_v of_o stranger_n when_o they_o be_v actual_a soldier_n in_o the_o enemy_n service_n for_o thereby_o there_o be_v a_o great_a participation_n of_o the_o war_n then_o either_o by_o carry_v of_o enemy_n good_n or_o by_o carry_v the_o instrument_n of_o war_n towards_o the_o enemy_n port_n but_o otherways_o passenger_n who_o be_v neuter_n may_v free_o go_v to_o the_o port_n of_o enemy_n for_o trading_n travel_v or_o any_o other_o end_v not_o be_v find_v or_o presume_v to_o become_v citizen_n or_o soldier_n there_o but_o reside_v only_o as_o factor_n for_o stranger_n and_o not_o contribute_v with_o the_o enemy_n to_o the_o war_n they_o do_v not_o exceed_v the_o bound_n of_o neutrality_n the_o difficulty_n be_v great_a in_o case_n person_n belong_v to_o the_o enemy_n country_n be_v carry_v in_o the_o ship_n of_o ally_n or_o neuter_n and_o there_o be_v little_a doubt_n but_o the_o person_n of_o enemy_n reside_v in_o the_o enemy_n country_n and_o contribute_v to_o the_o war_n have_v the_o same_o or_o more_o effect_n than_o the_o carry_v of_o their_o good_n though_o that_o have_v not_o occur_v to_o be_v determine_v with_o we_o and_o there_o be_v less_o doubt_n that_o be_v bear_v in_o the_o enemy_n country_n or_o have_v reside_v there_o as_o citizen_n but_o have_v leave_v the_o same_o before_o the_o war_n do_v no_o further_a state_n they_o as_o enemy_n then_o that_o by_o their_o language_n or_o other_o evidence_n they_o be_v presume_v to_o be_v enemy_n unless_o they_o make_v it_o appear_v that_o they_o have_v leave_v the_o enemy_n country_n and_o fix_v their_o residence_n elsewhere_o neither_o will_n any_o burden_n impose_v upon_o their_o land_n or_o house_n import_v their_o concourse_n in_o the_o war_n as_o enemy_n there_o be_v a_o special_a concession_n by_o the_o king_n in_o favour_n of_o the_o king_n of_o spain_n that_o because_o the_o language_n of_o his_o subject_n in_o the_o netherlands_o be_v the_o same_o with_o these_o of_o the_o unite_a province_n that_o there_o shall_v be_v no_o seazure_n of_o the_o ship_n belong_v to_o his_o subject_n upon_o account_n of_o be_v serve_v or_o navigate_fw-la by_o hollander_n there_o be_v also_o a_o article_n in_o the_o swedish_n treaty_n that_o it_o shall_v be_v free_a for_o they_o to_o make_v use_n of_o dutch_a master_n for_o navigate_a their_o ship_n provide_v that_o these_o master_n fix_v their_o domiciles_fw-la in_o sweden_n and_o become_v citizen_n and_o inhabitant_n there_o these_o concession_n give_v great_a occasion_n of_o doubt_n whether_o these_o or_o other_o ally_n or_o newter_n may_v make_v use_n of_o hollander_n as_o mariner_n or_o servant_n in_o their_o ship_n because_o if_o without_o that_o concession_n they_o be_v free_a to_o hire_v hollander_n for_o servant_n they_o may_v hire_v they_o for_o master_n of_o ship_n as_o well_o as_o other_o mariner_n and_o so_o need_v no_o such_o privilege_n and_o therefore_o run_v no_o hazard_n by_o be_v navigate_fw-la by_o hollander_n but_o if_o they_o may_v not_o lawful_o make_v use_n of_o a_o holland_n master_n till_o they_o have_v it_o by_o special_a privilege_n a_o pari_fw-la they_o can_v not_o make_v use_n of_o holland_n mariner_n it_o be_v clear_a that_o the_o be_v by_o nation_n hollander_n infer_v no_o hazard_n either_o as_o to_o the_o master_n or_o seaman_n for_o the_o war_n be_v only_o with_o the_o citizen_n and_o inhabitant_n of_o the_o enemy_n country_n so_o that_o the_o true_a domicile_fw-fr or_o residence_n be_v the_o main_a point_n in_o question_n there_o be_v also_o great_a difference_n betwixt_o the_o master_n or_o steersman_n and_o the_o common_a mariner_n for_o the_o master_n be_v in_o possession_n of_o and_o entrust_v with_o the_o ship_n which_o be_v affect_v both_o with_o his_o delinquence_n and_o by_o his_o contract_n of_o bottomarie_a and_o therefore_o his_o oath_n alone_o be_v always_o account_v sufficient_a probation_n as_o to_o the_o property_n of_o the_o ship_n and_o frequent_o the_o steersman_n be_v entrust_v with_o the_o load_n in_o which_o case_n also_o his_o oath_n will_v be_v sufficient_a probation_n as_o to_o the_o property_n thereof_o but_o the_o oath_n of_o the_o mariner_n have_v only_o be_v make_v use_n of_o as_o ordinar_n witness_n prove_v by_o the_o concourse_n of_o two_o or_o more_o and_o the_o confession_n of_o the_o master_n steersman_n or_o company_n at_o sea_n when_o they_o be_v take_v have_v not_o be_v allow_v as_o sufficient_a probation_n to_o confiscate_v the_o ship_n or_o load_n yea_o though_o renew_v after_o they_o come_v to_o land_n but_o only_o when_o take_v judicial_o and_o very_o little_a use_n have_v be_v make_v of_o the_o oath_n of_o the_o privateer_n or_o his_o company_n for_o prove_v against_o stranger_n but_o only_o their_o own_o oath_n and_o other_o evidence_n the_o oath_n of_o the_o skipper_n alone_o be_v find_v to_o prove_v against_o the_o owner_n july_n 13._o 1669._o captain_n wood_n contra_fw-la booz_n neilson_n the_o take_a privilege_n for_o a_o holland_n master_n upon_o the_o consideration_n aforesaid_a do_v not_o import_v that_o mariner_n may_v not_o be_v make_v use_n of_o who_o be_v by_o nation_n holanders_n if_o they_o reside_v not_o in_o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o the_o enemy_n neither_o will_v the_o be_v of_o some_o of_o they_o aboard_o infer_v such_o evidence_n that_o the_o whole_a ship_n and_o load_n belong_v not_o to_o newter_n and_o free_a man_n but_o if_o the_o most_o part_n of_o the_o company_n be_v hollander_n or_o if_o the_o master_n be_v a_o hollander_n the_o presumption_n be_v strong_a and_o give_v sufficien_fw-fr ground_n for_o seazure_n and_o therefore_o be_v fit_o declare_v by_o treaty_n that_o if_o the_o master_n by_o nation_n be_v a_o hollander_n the_o pass_n shall_v bear_v expret_o that_o it_o be_v swear_v upon_o oath_n that_o he_o be_v citizen_n and_o inhabitant_n in_o sweden_n the_o king_n by_o his_o proclamation_n of_o the_o first_o war_n against_o the_o dutch_a do_v command_v to_o seize_v and_o make_v prize_n of_o all_o ship_n where_o there_o be_v find_v any_o number_n of_o man_n belong_v to_o the_o enemy_n and_o therefore_o a_o swedish_n ship_n be_v find_v prize_n because_o navigate_fw-la with_o hollander_n be_v all_o or_o the_o most_o part_n of_o her_o company_n albeit_o she_o have_v a_o pass_n from_o sweden_n in_o the_o term_n of_o the_o formula_fw-la contain_v in_o the_o swedish_n treaty_n and_o albeit_o the_o treaty_n bear_v that_o where_o such_o a_o pass_n be_v in_o bona_fw-la aut_fw-la homines_fw-la nullo_n modo_fw-la inquiratur_fw-la because_o in_o that_o same_o article_n it_o be_v subjoin_v nisi_fw-la gravis_fw-la suspicio_fw-la subsit_fw-la and_o it_o be_v a_o most_o weighty_a ground_n of_o suspicion_n that_o the_o ship_n or_o good_n belong_v to_o hollander_n that_o the_o company_n acknowledge_v that_o they_o reside_v in_o holland_n and_o be_v take_v on_o there_o immediate_o before_o this_o voyage_n in_o this_o process_n it_o be_v allege_v that_o the_o confession_n of_o the_o company_n take_v by_o a_o admiral_n depute_v at_o cromarty_n be_v extort_a by_o hold_v sword_n and_o pistol_n to_o their_o breast_n or_o that_o the_o samin_n be_v so_o extort_a at_o sea_n when_o they_o be_v take_v it_o be_v find_v sufficient_a to_o
the_o case_n where_o the_o master_n be_v hire_v by_o the_o swede_n or_o other_o ally_n and_o be_v a_o swear_a citizen_n in_o sweden_n unless_o it_o be_v sufficient_o instruct_v that_o he_o be_v a_o inhabitant_n and_o residenter_n there_o and_o have_v change_v his_o domicile_fw-la from_o holland_n and_o carry_v his_o wife_n and_o family_n if_o any_o he_o have_v to_o a_o newtral_a place_n neither_o be_v the_o production_n of_o a_o burgess_n brieff_n in_o sweden_n find_v sufficient_a see_v the_o skipper_n by_o his_o oath_n acknowledge_v that_o he_o leave_v his_o wife_n lying-in_n at_o amsterdam_n february_n 28._o 1673._o and_o july_n 18._o 1673._o master_n of_o the_o elsingburg_n contra_fw-la captain_n dowglas_n the_o like_a be_v find_v because_o the_o master_n by_o his_o oath_n acknowledge_v that_o he_o be_v a_o hollander_n and_o a_o part_n owner_n and_o that_o the_o evidence_n that_o his_o domicile_n be_v still_o in_o holland_n be_v more_o pregnant_a than_o that_o he_o have_v change_v the_o same_o to_o copenhagen_n june_n 25._o 1673._o captain_n contra_fw-la master_n of_o the_o saint_n mary_n the_o like_a be_v find_v where_o the_o skipper_n oath_n bear_v he_o to_o be_v a_o part_n owner_n and_o a_o hollander_n and_o that_o he_o intend_v to_o change_v his_o domicile_a but_o have_v not_o do_v it_o though_o he_o produce_v a_o swedish_n burgess_n brieff_n july_n 10._o 1673._o captain_n frazer_n contra_fw-la master_n of_o the_o young_a tobias_n it_o be_v so_o decide_v july_n 23._o 1673._o captain_n seatoun_n contra_fw-la the_o owner_n of_o the_o king_n david_n where_o the_o skipper_n oath_n contradict_v the_o pass_n acknowledge_v himself_o a_o part_n owner_n and_o a_o emdener_n under_o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o the_o state_n though_o he_o show_v certificat_o of_o be_v a_o burgess_n and_o have_v child_n in_o denmark_n see_v it_o be_v also_o depone_v that_o his_o wife_n and_o family_n remain_v in_o emden_n the_o like_a be_v also_o late_o find_v in_o the_o case_n of_o captain_n stuart_n contra_fw-la the_o master_n of_o the_o wine_n grape_n in_o novemb_n 1674._o where_o many_o evidence_n be_v adduce_v for_o change_v the_o master_n domicile_fw-fr to_o sweden_n but_o the_o contrary_a evidence_n be_v find_v the_o strong_a the_o like_a be_v find_v in_o the_o reduction_n at_o the_o instance_n of_o the_o owner_n of_o the_o ship_n call_v the_o calm_a against_o captain_n smeatoun_n which_o be_v first_o find_v prize_n by_o the_o admiral_n and_o twice_o thereafter_o by_o the_o lord_n be_v cause_n the_o skipper_n oath_n contradict_v the_o pass_n bear_v the_o ship_n to_o belong_v whole_o to_o swede_n and_o yet_o he_o depone_v that_o he_o be_v a_o eight_o part_n owner_n and_o a_o hollander_n and_o probation_n have_v be_v adduce_v by_o commission_n both_o from_o sweden_n and_o holland_n the_o most_o pregnant_a probation_n be_v that_o his_o true_a domicile_n be_v at_o amsterdam_n december_n 13._o 1673._o the_o load_n belong_v to_o enemy_n be_v also_o find_v to_o make_v the_o ship_n prize_n see_v it_o appear_v that_o they_o know_v the_o same_o to_o belong_v to_o enemy_n when_o inload_v and_o have_v no_o privilege_n by_o treaty_n july_n 15._o 1673._o captain_n wilson_n contra_fw-la master_n of_o the_o ship_n call_v the_o venus_n in_o like_a manner_n the_o most_o part_n of_o the_o load_n be_v prove_v to_o belong_v to_o a_o jew_n reside_v and_o traffique_a in_o amsterdam_n the_o same_o be_v find_v prize_n but_o the_o ship_n belong_v to_o lubeck_n be_v find_v free_a because_o the_o lose_a from_o lisbon_n before_o the_o certainty_n of_o a_o war_n and_o so_o be_v in_o bona_fw-la fide_fw-la to_o engage_v for_o a_o fraught_v with_o a_o hollander_n neither_o be_v it_o respect_v that_o this_o jew_n be_v a_o agent_n for_o the_o king_n of_o portugal_n see_v he_o be_v a_o reside_a traffique_a merchant_n in_o holland_n february_n 11._o 1673._o earl_n of_o kincarden_n contra_fw-la the_o master_n of_o the_o st._n andrew_n but_o thereafter_o this_o ship_n be_v also_o find_v prize_n upon_o other_o ground_n the_o great_a difficulty_n in_o the_o matter_n of_o prize_n be_v the_o discovery_n and_o probation_n of_o the_o interest_n of_o enemy_n if_o probation_n be_v not_o have_v from_o the_o oath_n of_o the_o skipper_n and_o company_n or_o from_o the_o document_n find_v aboard_o there_o remain_v no_o more_o but_o presumptive_a probation_n which_o sometime_o be_v so_o pregnant_a as_o it_o admit_v no_o contrary_a positive_a probation_n and_o ofttimes_o it_o do_v admit_v the_o same_o and_o then_o there_o be_v probation_n allow_v to_o either_o party_n for_o clear_v the_o matter_n of_o fact_n either_o as_o to_o the_o property_n of_o ship_n or_o good_n the_o true_a residence_n of_o the_o master_n or_o the_o port_n true_o intend_v or_o any_o other_o matter_n of_o fact_n whereupon_o confiscation_n or_o liberation_n may_v be_v infer_v in_o the_o second_o dutch_a war_n they_o have_v find_v out_o so_o cunning_a contrivance_n to_o cover_v their_o trade_n that_o the_o same_o can_v hardly_o be_v so_o far_o discover_v as_o to_o make_v a_o lawful_a probation_n for_o they_o do_v not_o only_o procure_v pass_n from_o the_o swede_n and_o dane_n and_o other_o ally_n and_o newter_n and_o upon_o the_o privilege_n grant_v to_o they_o of_o holland_n master_n do_v send_v person_n entrust_v by_o they_o as_o master_n or_o steersman_n to_o manage_v their_o trade_n under_o pretence_n of_o fix_v their_o domiciles_fw-la in_o sweden_n or_o in_o denmark_n conform_v to_o these_o treaty_n but_o also_o they_o entrust_v their_o money_n to_o merchant_n or_o factor_n belong_v to_o the_o country_n of_o ally_n and_o newter_n who_o buy_v ship_n and_o good_n in_o their_o own_o name_n but_o to_o the_o use_n and_o behoove_v of_o the_o hollander_n and_o upon_o their_o risk_a and_o advantage_n and_o profit_n so_o that_o they_o have_v pretence_n to_o depone_v that_o the_o property_n of_o ship_n and_o good_n do_v belong_v to_o these_o freeman_n who_o buy_v they_o because_o there_o lie_v only_o a_o obligation_n of_o trust_n upon_o they_o to_o communicate_v the_o same_o to_o hollander_n as_o do_v appear_v by_o a_o report_n return_v from_o the_o magistrate_n of_o stockholme_a upon_o a_o commission_n from_o the_o lord_n for_o clear_v the_o property_n of_o the_o ship_n call_v the_o wine_n grape_n and_o her_o load_n for_o the_o person_n who_o by_o the_o pass_n make_v faith_n as_o owner_n be_v interrogat_n whether_o they_o have_v lend_v their_o name_n for_o the_o behoof_n of_o the_o dutch_a or_o have_v buy_v the_o ship_n and_o good_n for_o their_o use_n so_o that_o the_o benefit_n or_o loss_n be_v to_o redound_v to_o the_o dutch_a they_o decline_v to_o give_v a_o direct_a answer_n upon_o oath_n deny_v the_o same_o and_o only_o assert_v that_o they_o ought_v not_o to_o be_v interrogat_v upon_o such_o indirect_a deal_n or_o the_o like_a or_o to_o that_o purpose_n yea_o use_n be_v make_v of_o the_o name_n and_o trust_v of_o his_o majesty_n subject_n to_o colour_n the_o dutch_a trade_n and_o many_o pass_n be_v procure_v from_o the_o admiralty_n of_o england_n for_o the_o same_o effect_n all_o these_o be_v the_o more_o easy_o obtain_v because_o the_o suffering_n of_o innocent_a merchant_n upon_o account_n of_o their_o governor_n be_v general_o pity_v and_o the_o profit_n of_o privateer_n be_v all_o be_v general_o hate_v and_o envy_v the_o ordinar_n ground_n of_o a_o presumptive_a probation_n of_o the_o interest_n of_o enemy_n by_o the_o custom_n of_o nation_n be_v these_o first_o if_o in_o the_o time_n of_o war_n ship_n be_v not_o instruct_v with_o pass_n upon_o oath_n express_v the_o owner_n of_o ship_n and_o load_v and_o therefore_o the_o want_n of_o pass_n or_o the_o want_n of_o document_n for_o instruct_v the_o property_n of_o the_o ship_n and_o load_n or_o any_o part_n thereof_o the_o samen_n be_v presume_v to_o belong_v to_o enemy_n second_o false_a or_o forge_a document_n three_o double_a document_n four_o destroy_v of_o document_n as_o throw_v the_o same_o over_o board_n or_o send_v they_o away_o at_o the_o time_n of_o the_o capture_z infer_v that_o the_o ship_n or_o load_n or_o some_o part_n thereof_o belong_v to_o enemy_n and_o likewise_o the_o have_v aboard_o double_a flag_n to_o be_v make_v use_n of_o at_o diverse_a occasion_n as_o to_o the_o first_o ground_n of_o confiscation_n upon_o want_n of_o document_n first_o there_o be_v no_o necessity_n to_o have_v aboard_o a_o vendition_n of_o the_o ship_n in_o write_v but_o in_o ship_n as_o other_o moveable_n property_n be_v presume_v from_o possession_n july_n 26._o 1673._o captain_n hamiltoun_n contra_fw-la the_o master_n of_o the_o ship_n call_v the_o of_o stattin_n neither_o do_v the_o want_n of_o a_o pass_n conform_v to_o the_o formula_fw-la in_o treaty_n as_o be_v defective_a and_o not_o express_v the_o port_n to_o which_o the_o ship_n be_v
clerk_n merchant_n at_o london_n have_v order_v a_o parcel_n of_o brass_n wire_n to_o be_v bring_v home_o to_o he_o from_o sweden_n the_o samen_n be_v embark_v in_o the_o ship_n call_v the_o calm_a which_o be_v take_v in_o her_o voyage_n to_o london_n by_o captain_n smeatoun_n and_o be_v adjudge_v prize_n by_o the_o admiral_n because_o the_o pass_n be_v convel_v by_o the_o master_n oath_n yet_o the_o parcel_n of_o brass-wyer_n belong_v to_o sir_n francis_n clerk_n be_v find_v not_o to_o be_v prize_n decemb._n 13._o 1673._o sir_n francis_z clerk_z contra_fw-la captain_n smeaton_n and_o that_o because_o sir_n francis_n reside_v in_o england_n and_o not_o be_v upon_o the_o place_n of_o embarque_a can_v not_o know_v the_o falsehood_n or_o simulation_n of_o the_o pass_n or_o other_o ground_n of_o confiscation_n and_o albeit_o there_o be_v no_o document_n aboard_o for_o this_o parcel_n of_o brass-wyer_n which_o will_v have_v infer_v a_o presumptive_a probation_n against_o ally_n or_o newter_n that_o the_o same_o belong_v to_o enemy_n yet_o the_o same_o or_o any_o other_o presumptive_a probation_n though_o so_o strong_a against_o newter_n that_o it_o will_v admit_v no_o contrary_a probation_n as_o to_o the_o king_n subject_n reside_v in_o his_o dominion_n who_o can_v not_o trade_n but_o under_o colourable_a document_n it_o be_v not_o dolus_fw-la malus_fw-la unless_o they_o have_v or_o can_v have_v know_v the_o interest_n of_o any_o of_o the_o king_n enemy_n and_o likewise_o some_o merchant_n in_o hull_n have_v embark_v a_o load_n in_o a_o ship_n of_o hamburg_n call_v the_o lyveday_n the_o admiral_n find_v the_o load_v prize_n because_o there_o be_v double_a and_o forge_a document_n make_v use_v of_o against_o which_o no_o contrary_a probation_n will_v have_v be_v admit_v for_o newter_n who_o be_v free_a with_o all_o party_n engage_v in_o the_o war_n have_v no_o reason_n to_o make_v use_n of_o false_a or_o double_a document_n so_o that_o it_o necessary_o infer_v that_o the_o ship_n and_o load_n belong_v not_o to_o newter_n but_o to_o enemy_n yet_o the_o matter_n be_v bring_v in_o question_n by_o reducton_n the_o lord_n find_v that_o there_o be_v no_o ground_n of_o confiscation_n of_o the_o ship_n but_o it_o be_v a_o free_a hamburg_n ship_n except_o upon_o account_n of_o the_o colourable_a document_n for_o the_o load_n they_o admit_v a_o contrary_a probation_n that_o the_o property_n of_o the_o load_n belong_v to_o the_o merchant_n of_o hull_n nou._n 14._o 1673._o master_n of_o the_o lyveday_n contra_fw-la captain_n middletoun_n we_o have_v now_o go_v through_o the_o ordinary_a ground_n of_o adjudication_n of_o prize_n there_o be_v some_o other_o ground_n that_o have_v be_v allege_v for_o confiscation_n but_o have_v not_o be_v sustain_v as_o first_o it_o be_v not_o find_v a_o ground_n of_o confiscation_n of_o a_o ship_n or_o load_n that_o the_o same_o belong_v to_o the_o subject_n of_o the_o duke_n of_o holstein_n who_o hold_v some_o of_o his_o estate_n of_o the_o king_n of_o denmark_n than_o a_o declare_a enemy_n to_o the_o king_n unless_o the_o duke_n of_o holsten_n have_v contribute_v to_o the_o war_n as_o be_v find_v january_n 4._o 1667._o paul_n herrison_n contra_fw-la l._n of_o ludquharn_n neither_o that_o the_o ship_n want_v a_o vendition_n in_o write_v july_n 26._o 1673._o captain_n hamiltoun_n contra_fw-la master_n of_o the_o ship_n call_v of_o stattin_n neither_o be_v it_o find_v a_o relevant_a ground_n of_o confiscation_n because_o the_o ship_n be_v buy_v in_o holland_n and_o take_v at_o sea_n ere_o she_o touch_v any_o other_o ground_n february_n 21._o 1673._o the_o owner_n of_o the_o ship_n call_v the_o prince_n of_o east-freezland_a contra_fw-la captain_n binnie_n the_o like_a be_v find_v in_o the_o foresay_a case_n of_o captain_n hamiltoun_n neither_o do_v the_o insurance_n of_o ship_n or_o load_n in_o holland_n infer_v a_o sufficient_a ground_n of_o confiscation_n alone_o though_o it_o may_v concur_v with_o other_o as_o a_o adminicle_n albeit_o the_o insurance_n be_v allege_v to_o put_v the_o risk_a and_o hazard_v of_o the_o capture_z upon_o the_o king_n enemy_n without_o detriment_n to_o his_o ally_n yet_o the_o lord_n find_v that_o see_v the_o property_n of_o the_o good_n insure_v do_v remain_v in_o the_o king_n ally_n the_o samen_n ought_v not_o to_o be_v confiscate_v neither_o be_v it_o allege_v that_o the_o insurance_n be_v express_o against_o capture_z but_o against_o hazard_n at_o sea_n in_o general_n july_n 22._o 1673._o captain_n contra_fw-la owner_n of_o the_o fortune_n of_o trailsound_n this_o further_a be_v to_o be_v observe_v that_o when_o the_o ship_n of_o newter_n have_v aboard_o counterband_n the_o defect_n of_o document_n for_o the_o counterband_n or_o double_a or_o colourable_a document_n to_o cover_v the_o same_o will_v not_o infer_v confiscation_n if_o the_o property_n be_v prove_v to_o belong_v to_o free_a man_n and_o that_o the_o true_a port_n intend_v be_v not_o a_o enemy_n port_n because_o in_o such_o case_n newter_n have_v necessity_n of_o colourable_a document_n but_o as_o to_o the_o property_n of_o ship_n and_o good_n they_o have_v no_o such_o necessity_n and_o therefore_o contrary_a probation_n be_v not_o admit_v against_o the_o ordinar_n presumptive_a probation_n by_o want_v of_o document_n conceal_v or_o destroy_v of_o document_n or_o make_v use_n of_o double_a or_o false_a document_n when_o prize_v adjudge_v by_o the_o admiral_n be_v roup_v and_o sell_v if_o by_o reduction_n they_o be_v liberat_fw-la by_o the_o lord_n the_o owner_n be_v decern_v in_o solidum_fw-la to_o restore_v the_o price_n the_o ship_n and_o load_v be_v indivisible_a and_o ofttimes_o some_o be_v assume_v as_o owner_n which_o be_v not_o solvent_a june_n 10._o 1680._o the_o ann_n of_o christiana_n contra_fw-la captain_n martin_n and_o if_o the_o ship_n and_o load_n be_v orderly_o roup_v upon_o the_o admiral_n warrant_n or_o sell_v upon_o his_o decreet_a before_o the_o same_o be_v call_v in_o question_n by_o citation_n upon_o reduction_n albeit_o the_o lord_n thereafter_o liberat_fw-la the_o ship_n they_o will_v decern_v no_o more_o but_o the_o price_n obtain_v by_o the_o roup_n before_o the_o admiral_n adjudication_n or_o the_o price_n obtain_v by_o sale_n bona_fw-la fide_fw-la after_o the_o admiral_n decreet_a and_o if_o the_o king_n fifteen_o part_n and_o the_o admiral_n ten_o part_n be_v bona_fw-la fide_fw-la pay_v they_o be_v liberat_fw-la pro_fw-la tanto_fw-la and_o the_o stranger_n must_v have_v recourse_n to_o the_o thesaury_n and_o against_o the_o admiral_n for_o repetition_n title_n xiii_o infeftment_n of_o property_n 1._o the_o original_n of_o fe_n 2._o feudal_n jurisdiction_n especial_o of_o the_o king_n in_o parliament_n 3._o feudal_n jurisdiction_n of_o superior_n 4._o allodial_n 5._o requisit_n of_o proper_a fe_n 6._o kind_n of_o improper_a fe_n 7._o dominium_fw-la directum_fw-la essential_a to_o all_o fe_n 8._o dominium_fw-la utile_fw-la 9_o fidelity_n also_o necessary_a 10._o feudal_n contract_v 11._o udal_n right_n 12._o infeftment_n what_o it_o signify_v 13._o how_o write_v be_v necessary_a for_o infeftment_n 14._o what_o kind_n of_o write_v be_v necessary_a for_o infeftment_n 15._o the_o tenor_n of_o formal_a charter_n 16._o when_o instrument_n of_o seasine_n become_v necessary_a 17._o the_o tenor_n of_o formal_a seasin_n 18._o the_o essential_o necessary_a in_o seasin_n 19_o seasin_n must_v have_v warrant_n and_o adminicle_n and_o what_o these_o be_v 20._o registration_n of_o seasin_n 21._o registration_n of_o resignation_n ad_fw-la remanentiam_fw-la 21._o registration_n of_o the_o allowance_n of_o apprysing_n and_o adjudication_n inhibition_n and_o horning_n 23._o the_o attest_v of_o the_o nottar_n and_o two_o witness_n necessary_a in_o seasin_n 24._o extract_v of_o seasin_n not_o probative_a 25._o transumpt_n of_o seasin_n 26._o bound_v infeftment_n 27._o base_a infeftment_n how_o far_o effectual_a without_o possession_n 28._o infeftment_n by_o confirmation_n 29._o infeftment_n upon_o apprize_a or_o adjudication_n 30._o the_o effect_n of_o appryzing_n or_o adjudication_n with_o a_o charge_n 31._o infeftment_n ward_n 32._o feus_n of_o ward-land_n how_o far_o valide_fw-la 33._o infeftment_n blensh_o 34._o infeftment_n feu_n 35._o the_o annex_v property_n of_o the_o 〈◊〉_d can_v only_o be_v set_v feu_n after_o 〈◊〉_d in_o parliament_n 36._o feus_n of_o the_o annex_v property_n set_v with_o diminution_n of_o the_o retour_fw-fr duty_n be_v null_n 37._o feus_n of_o kirk-land_n 38._o infeftment_n in_o burgage_n 39_o infeftment_n in_o mortification_n 40._o manse_v and_o gleibs_n 41._o conjunct_a infeftment_n 42._o infeftment_n to_o heir_n substitute_n 43._o infeftment_n simple_a and_o tailzy_v 44._o union_n 45._o erection_n 46._o warrandice_n 47._o tacit_fw-la condition_n employ_v in_o ward-land_n 48._o tacit_fw-la condition_n in_o warandice_n and_o relief_n 49._o tacit_fw-la condition_n in_o infeftment_n of_o office_n 50._o tacit_fw-la condition_n in_o excambion_n 51._o
of_o tailzie_n name_v be_v find_v to_o give_v interest_n to_o that_o person_n as_o heir_n of_o tailzie_n to_o declare_v that_o the_o sum_n be_v unwarrantable_o uplift_v or_o pay_v without_o his_o consent_n or_o order_n of_o law_n by_o consign_v it_o to_o be_v employ_v in_o the_o same_o term_n and_o that_o though_o he_o be_v heir_n of_o tailzie_n to_o the_o uplifter_n that_o he_o be_v not_o oblige_v to_o fulfil_v his_o deed_n or_o warrant_v his_o discharge_n be_v contrair_a to_o the_o term_n of_o the_o tailzie_n as_o to_o which_o term_n he_o be_v creditor_n reserve_v always_o to_o lawful_a creditor_n how_o far_o they_o can_v affect_v the_o sum_n for_o the_o fiar_n debt_n february_n 3._o 1674._o drummond_n contra_fw-la drummond_n and_o a_o clause_n in_o a_o bond_n whereby_o a_o woman_n oblige_v herself_o to_o resign_v land_n in_o favour_n of_o herself_o and_o the_o heir_n of_o her_o body_n whilk_n fail_v to_o the_o heir_n of_o her_o father_n and_o obliege_v herself_o to_o do_v nothing_o contrary_a to_o that_o succession_n whereupon_o inhibition_n be_v use_v before_o her_o marriage_n be_v find_v effectual_a against_o she_o and_o her_o husband_n who_o she_o marry_v thereafter_o and_o dispone_v the_o land_n to_o he_o and_o his_o heir_n asbeing_n a_o voluntary_a deed_n without_o a_o equivalent_a cause_n onerous_a albeit_o the_o father_n heir_n behove_v to_o be_v the_o woman_n heir_n of_o tailzie_n january_n 28._o 1668._o alexander_n binnie_n contra_fw-la margaret_n binnie_n yet_o these_o restrict_a clause_n without_o irritancy_n though_o conceive_v as_o provision_n or_o condition_n if_o they_o be_v not_o in_o the_o investiture_n albeit_o they_o be_v in_o prior_n obligation_n disposition_n or_o contract_n there_o be_v no_o pretence_n thence_o to_o affect_v the_o fee_n as_o a_o real_a burden_n and_o even_o though_o they_o be_v contain_v in_o the_o investiture_n see_v clause_n irritant_fw-la use_n to_o be_v add_v thereto_o they_o be_v understand_v to_o be_v but_o personal_a obliegement_n whereupon_o no_o diligence_n have_v follow_v they_o can_v be_v effectual_a against_o singular_a successor_n whether_o by_o legal_a or_o voluntary_a disposition_n and_o as_o to_o such_o restriction_n with_o clause_n irritant_fw-la we_o shall_v add_v no_o more_o thereunto_o than_o what_o have_v be_v say_v property_n be_v thus_o constitute_v by_o infeftment_n it_o be_v to_o be_v consider_v what_o be_v the_o particular_n it_o comprehend_v and_o imply_v though_o not_o express_v wherein_o this_o be_v a_o general_a rule_n that_o land_n be_v dispone_v with_o part_n and_o pertinent_a all_o be_v carry_v thereby_o that_o fall_v under_o the_o denomination_n of_o the_o land_n dispone_v a_o caelum_fw-la ad_fw-la centrum_fw-la and_o all_o that_o in_o the_o time_n of_o the_o disposition_n be_v accustom_v to_o follow_v it_o not_o only_o as_o servitude_n but_o even_o discontiguous_a parcel_n of_o land_n which_o be_v not_o know_v as_o distincta_fw-la tenementa_fw-la or_o part_n of_o any_o other_o tenement_n except_o what_o the_o law_n reserve_v or_o the_o express_a provision_n of_o the_o superior_a 60._o the_o law_n reserve_v all_o these_o thing_n which_o be_v call_v regalia_z or_o jura_n publica_fw-la which_o the_o law_n appropriate_v to_o prince_n and_o state_n and_o exemp_v from_o private_a use_n unless_o the_o same_o be_v express_o grant_v and_o dispone_v by_o the_o king_n and_o if_o the_o superior_a be_v a_o subject_a if_o he_o have_v any_o of_o these_o regalia_z from_o the_o king_n they_o remain_v with_o his_o superiority_n unless_o he_o express_o dispone_v they_o to_o his_o vassal_n the_o superior_a may_v have_v they_o from_o the_o king_n either_o express_o in_o any_o tenement_n hold_v of_o the_o king_n or_o tacit_o when_o land_n be_v erect_v by_o the_o king_n to_o he_o in_o a_o barony_n or_o any_o high_a dignity_n whereby_o many_o of_o these_o regalia_z be_v comprehend_v barronia_n be_v nomen_fw-la universitatis_fw-la yet_o that_o will_v not_o comprehend_v first_o mine_n and_o mineral_n of_o gold_n or_o silver_n or_o lead_v of_o that_o fineness_n that_o three_o half-penny_n of_o silver_n may_v be_v fine_v out_o of_o the_o pound_n of_o lead_n which_o mine_n be_v declare_v to_o belong_v to_o the_o king_n wherever_o they_o can_v be_v find_v par._n 1424._o cap._n 12._o but_o mine_n of_o iron_n copper_n and_o lead_n of_o less_o fineness_n belong_v to_o the_o proprietar_n and_o be_v not_o account_v with_o we_o regalia_z though_o in_o some_o other_o country_n they_o be_v second_o neither_o do_v treasure_n find_v in_o the_o ground_n belong_v to_o the_o king_n vassal_n though_o their_o land_n be_v erect_v in_o barony_n unless_o they_o be_v express_v a_o treasure_n be_v money_n hide_v in_o the_o ground_n the_o owner_n whereof_o be_v not_o know_v three_o though_o all_o proprietar_n have_v the_o privilege_n of_o fowl_v within_o their_o own_o ground_n yet_o swan_n be_v peculiar_o reserve_v to_o the_o king_n and_o therefore_o the_o privilege_n to_o kill_v swan_n be_v not_o carry_v under_o the_o name_n of_o barony_n unless_o they_o be_v particular_o express_v four_o confiscate_v good_n be_v not_o carry_v even_o under_o the_o name_n of_o barony_n unless_o they_o be_v express_v 61._o yet_o there_o be_v other_z regalia_z which_o be_v carry_v under_o the_o name_n of_o barony_n though_o not_o express_v as_o jurisdiction_n and_o court_n fortalices_n salmond_n fish_v forest_n and_o hunt_v of_o deer_n and_o port_n with_o their_o petty_a custom_n establish_v by_o the_o king_n grant_v or_o long_a possession_n for_o repair_v and_o uphold_v these_o port_n which_o therein_o differ_v from_o creik_n or_o station_n which_o be_v natural_a but_o port_n be_v build_v artificial_o and_o need_v reparation_n 62._o jurisdiction_n and_o court_n be_v comprehend_v in_o barony_n in_o so_o far_o as_o concern_v civil_a jurisdiction_n and_o bloodwit_n or_o lesser_a crime_n but_o will_v not_o reach_v to_o capital_a punishment_n unless_o the_o same_o be_v express_v as_o it_o use_v to_o be_v when_o the_o privilege_n of_o pit_n and_o gallow_n be_v express_v or_o out-sang_a and_o in-sang_a thief_n which_o seem_v to_o extend_v to_o the_o punish_v of_o no_o more_o crime_n but_o theft_n and_o these_o who_o have_v only_o in-sang_a theft_n can_v only_o punish_v thief_n take_v in_o the_o fact_n though_o court_n be_v express_v they_o will_v extend_v to_o nothing_o criminal_a no_o not_o to_o bloodwit_n unless_o these_o be_v express_v but_o only_o to_o civil_a debate_n requisite_a for_o the_o propriatar_n as_o to_o determine_v difference_n among_o his_o tenant_n neighbourhead_n multar_n and_o small_a matter_n or_o to_o constitute_v a_o bailie_n who_o may_v judge_v betwixt_o the_o propriatar_n and_o his_o tenant_n as_o to_o his_o rent_n duty_n and_o service_n and_o also_o may_v determine_v difference_n among_o his_o tenant_n but_o all_o jurisdiction_n be_v cumulative_a with_o and_o not_o exclusive_a of_o the_o superior_n jurisdiction_n so_o that_o there_o be_v place_n of_o prevention_n the_o first_o atatcher_n if_o he_o proceed_v be_v prefer_v and_o if_o the_o superior_a and_o vassall_n atatch_v together_o the_o superior_a be_v prefer_v 63._o the_o court_n of_o vassal_n though_o they_o be_v baron_n and_o have_v the_o privilege_n of_o capital_a punishment_n be_v not_o of_o the_o same_o extent_n and_o importance_n as_o the_o sentence_n of_o the_o judge_n ordinary_a of_o the_o kingdom_n such_o as_o sheriff_n stewart_n bailiff_n of_o royalty_n regality_n and_o burgh_n for_o first_o the_o extent_n of_o their_o jurisdiction_n be_v not_o so_o ample_a second_o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o all_o baron_n and_o free_a holder_n be_v of_o old_a subordinat_a to_o the_o sheriff_n and_o other_o judge_n ordinary_a within_o who_o jurisdiction_n the_o land_n lay_v par._n 1503._o cap._n 95._o and_o then_o there_o be_v place_n for_o false_v of_o doom_n or_o appeal_v to_o the_o sheriff-court_n who_o be_v to_o warn_v the_o party_n upon_o fifteen_o day_n and_o make_v the_o suitor_n of_o the_o sheriffdom_n ward_n thereupon_o whereby_o it_o appear_v that_o the_o freeholders_n of_o the_o king_n who_o owe_v suit_n to_o the_o sheriff-court_n at_o least_o a_o inquest_n of_o they_o be_v to_o concur_v with_o the_o sheriff_n in_o discuss_v the_o appeal_n from_o the_o baron_n or_o freeholder_n but_o now_o these_o appeal_n or_o false_v of_o doom_n from_o any_o court_n to_o another_o have_v be_v antiquate_v and_o whole_o in_o desuetude_n since_o the_o introduction_n of_o advocati_fw-la once_o which_o be_v a_o far_o more_o excellent_a remeed_n for_o thereby_o cause_n be_v not_o stop_v at_o the_o choice_n or_o humour_n of_o party_n but_o the_o reason_n of_o advocation_n be_v special_o consider_v by_o the_o lord_n whether_o they_o be_v relevant_a and_o have_v such_o instruction_n as_o can_v be_v expect_v before_o discuss_v and_o the_o subject_n be_v further_o secure_v by_o the_o late_a act_n of_o parliament_n that_o poind_v can_v proceed_v without_o a_o charge_n
be_v give_v and_o expire_v which_o in_o all_o decreet_n proceed_v upon_o citation_n require_v fifteen_o day_n in_o which_o address_n may_v bemade_v to_o the_o lord_n three_o decreet_n of_o baron_n have_v no_o execution_n by_o horning_n which_o go_v of_o course_n upon_o the_o decreet_n precept_n and_o execution_n of_o other_o judge_n ordinary_a so_o that_o all_o the_o execution_n upon_o their_o sentence_n be_v only_o poind_v or_o corporal_a punishment_n as_o to_o which_o if_o there_o be_v any_o process_n for_o capital_a punishment_n the_o lord_n will_v very_o easy_o grant_v advocation_n as_o they_o do_v advocate_n cause_n from_o inferior_a judge_n not_o only_o upon_o incompotency_n but_o upon_o intricacy_n and_o importance_n so_o there_o be_v nothing_o more_o important_a than_o the_o life_n of_o man_n they_o will_v easy_o advocate_n such_o process_n wherein_o baron_n shall_v not_o proceed_v summary_o to_o execution_n but_o both_o they_o and_o other_o inferior_a judge_n ordinary_a shall_v after_o sentence_n at_o least_o abide_v term_n of_o law_n by_o the_o space_n of_o fifteen_o day_n that_o the_o lord_n may_v give_v remeed_o by_o advocation_n or_o suspension_n of_o execution_n for_o though_o the_o lord_n have_v not_o criminal_a jurisdiction_n they_o do_v ordinary_o advocate_n and_o by_o the_o same_o reason_n may_v suspend_v criminal_a process_n to_o the_o effect_n the_o same_o may_v be_v remit_v to_o competent_a and_o unsuspect_a judge_n so_o that_o if_o there_o be_v any_o doubtfulness_n in_o the_o case_n the_o lord_n will_v remit_v the_o cause_n to_o the_o justice_n four_o the_o court_n of_o baron_n or_o freeholders_n be_v not_o court_n of_o record_n in_o which_o write_v use_v to_o be_v registrat_n 64._o as_o the_o court_n of_o baron_n and_o freeholders_n have_v these_o restriction_n more_o than_o the_o inferior_a judge_n so_o they_o have_v this_o advantage_n ordinary_o that_o all_o the_o profit_n and_o issue_n of_o their_o court_n belong_v to_o themselves_o whereas_o sheriff_n stewart_n and_o bailiff_n of_o royalty_n be_v countable_a to_o the_o king_n see_v these_o be_v the_o king_n court_n but_o bailiff_n of_o regality_n be_v not_o countable_a because_o though_o they_o be_v the_o king_n court_n yet_o the_o king_n have_v gift_v the_o profit_n of_o the_o court_n by_o the_o erection_n of_o the_o regality_n if_o then_o a_o infeftment_n contain_v court_n the_o profit_v thereof_o be_v carry_v therewith_o though_o not_o express_v but_o ordinary_o they_o bear_v cum_fw-la curiis_fw-la earumque_fw-la exitibus_fw-la and_o therefore_o the_o amerciament_n of_o court_n or_o there_o other_o issue_n or_o there_o privilege_n on_o the_o breaker_n of_o arreeistment_n lose_v their_o tack_n to_o their_o master_n within_o their_o barony_n be_v not_o comprehend_v within_o public_a confiscation_n reserve_v to_o the_o king_n 65._o fortalice_n be_v also_o inter_v regalia_z and_o be_v not_o carry_v by_o the_o fee_n unless_o express_v or_o at_o least_o the_o land_n be_v erect_v in_o barony_n by_o fortalice_n be_v understand_v all_o strength_n build_v for_o public_a defence_n whether_o that_o appear_v by_o common_a fame_n or_o reputation_n such_o as_o all_o the_o king_n castle_n whereof_o many_o be_v now_o in_o private_a hand_n as_o proprietar_n or_o heritable_a keeper_n thereof_o or_o constable_n of_o the_o same_o such_o be_v the_o castle_n of_o dunstafnage_n carrick_n skipnes_n and_o other_o belong_v to_o the_o earl_n of_o argyl_n the_o constabulary_a of_o forfar_n belong_v to_o the_o earl_n of_o strathmore_n the_o constabulary_a of_o dundie_n now_o belong_v to_o the_o lord_n hattoun_n and_o when_o these_o castle_n be_v dispone_v either_o in_o property_n or_o custody_n the_o infeftment_n thereof_o carry_v therewith_o not_o only_o the_o bound_n of_o the_o castle_n but_o the_o dependency_n thereof_o as_o garden_n orchard_n park_n meadow_n and_o other_o ground_n possess_v by_o the_o king_n or_o keeper_n for_o the_o use_n of_o the_o castle_n and_o all_o rent_n annuity_n jurisdiction_n and_o privilege_n thereunto_o belong_v which_o may_v be_v instruct_v by_o their_o charter_n their_o court-book_n or_o other_o write_v or_o instrument_n and_o even_o by_o witness_n prove_v long_a possession_n albeit_o the_o infeftment_n of_o constabulary_a bear_v only_o in_o general_n officium_fw-la constabularii_fw-la cum_fw-la feodis_fw-la &_o divoriis_fw-la ejusdem_fw-la which_o be_v find_v to_o extend_v to_o the_o proclaim_n and_o ride_v of_o fair_n anterior_a to_o the_o constitution_n of_o the_o office_n and_o exerce_v criminal_a jurisdiction_n in_o the_o town_n where_o the_o fair_n be_v hold_v during_o these_o fair_n but_o not_o to_o extend_v to_o other_o fair_n recent_o grant_v by_o the_o king_n or_o to_o jurisdiction_n at_o other_o time_n july_n 18._o 1676._o earl_n of_o kinghorn_n contra_fw-la town_n of_o forfar_n the_o like_a be_v do_v in_o the_o process_n betwixt_o hattoun_n and_o the_o town_n of_o dundie_n in_o anno_fw-la 1679._o wherein_o multitude_n of_o witness_n be_v examine_v upon_o either_o part_n and_o the_o emolument_n privilege_n and_o jurisdiction_n of_o the_o constabulary_a be_v decern_v according_a to_o the_o probation_n and_o particular_o 20_o shilling_n sterling_a yearly_a for_o which_o the_o town_n of_o dundie_n count_v in_o exchequer_n as_o belong_v to_o the_o constable_n which_o be_v find_v to_o belong_v to_o the_o office_n albeit_o there_o be_v a_o discharge_n thereof_o grant_v to_o the_o town_n by_o scrymzour_n constable_n of_o dundie_n which_o be_v not_o find_v effectual_a against_o hattoun_n his_o singular_a successor_n in_o the_o office_n by_o appryse_v december_n 9_o 1679._o inter_fw-la eosdem_fw-la 66._o the_o case_n be_v more_o doubtful_a as_o to_o other_o fortalice_n which_o be_v not_o repute_v to_o have_v be_v the_o king_n castle_n craig_n opinion_n be_v that_o all_o strong_a hold_n be_v presume_v to_o have_v be_v build_v for_o public_a defence_n and_o not_o for_o private_a safety_n wherein_o turris_fw-la pinnata_fw-la be_v comprehend_v have_v turret_n or_o round_n upon_o the_o angles_n from_o whence_o shot_n may_v be_v direct_v alongst_o all_o the_o wall_n and_o therefore_o much_o more_o may_v castle_n with_o bartizen_n or_o band_n that_o be_v strong_a and_o high_a wall_n surround_v the_o castle_n or_o if_o the_o castle_n be_v build_v upon_o a_o place_n natural_o strong_a which_o may_v give_v suspicion_n to_o the_o king_n to_o be_v a_o occasion_n of_o rebellion_n and_o not_o to_o be_v patent_n and_o accessible_a at_o his_o pleasure_n and_o most_o of_o all_o if_o there_o be_v regular_a fortification_n of_o stone_n or_o earth_n certain_o such_o fortress_n or_o fortification_n whereby_o place_n be_v make_v of_o that_o strength_n which_o be_v accustom_v to_o secure_v against_o public_a enemy_n in_o war_n may_v not_o be_v build_v without_o the_o king_n warrant_n and_o if_o otherwise_o build_v may_v be_v demolish_v and_o the_o builder_n punish_v but_o long_a possession_n presume_v a_o warrant_n and_o as_o such_o fortalice_n may_v be_v presume_v to_o have_v be_v at_o first_o the_o king_n from_o the_o very_a inspection_n of_o the_o fortalice_n and_o its_o proper_a use_n so_o long_a possession_n may_v take_v off_o that_o presumption_n and_o that_o they_o have_v be_v build_v main_o for_o private_a use_n in_o time_n of_o trouble_n with_o the_o king_n consent_n but_o we_o need_v not_o insist_v in_o these_o question_n see_v tower_n and_o fortalice_n do_v now_o pass_v in_o course_n in_o charter_n yet_o though_o these_o be_v express_v if_o it_o appear_v the_o fortress_n have_v belong_v to_o the_o king_n and_o can_v be_v comprehend_v in_o the_o annex_v property_n the_o right_a of_o they_o will_v only_o resolve_v into_o a_o heritable_a keep_n so_o that_o the_o king_n in_o time_n of_o war_n or_o insurrection_n may_v make_v use_n of_o such_o strong_a hold_n and_o put_v garrison_n therein_o see_v keep_v do_v not_o exclude_v the_o king_n own_o necessary_a use_n neither_o will_v the_o express_v of_o fortalice_n general_o empower_v the_o vassal_n to_o build_v such_o strength_n as_o be_v proper_a for_o public_a war_n because_o the_o clause_n can_v only_o import_v such_o fortalice_n as_o then_o be_v build_v but_o i_o see_v no_o ground_n to_o extend_v fortalice_n to_o all_o house_n with_o batlement_n or_o with_o turret_n or_o round_n which_o can_v only_o infer_v private_a safety_n against_o robber_n plunderer_n or_o fly_a party_n but_o nothing_o proper_a for_o a_o siege_n or_o public_a defence_n of_o a_o kingdom_n and_o therefore_o these_o may_v pass_v as_o house_n or_o pertinent_o and_o as_o to_o that_o ground_n craig_n adduce_n that_o it_o be_v treason_n to_o hold_v any_o fortalice_n against_o the_o king_n or_o to_o deny_v he_o or_o these_o commission_v by_o he_o access_n by_o arm_a force_n and_o yet_o delivery_n of_o any_o other_o private_a right_n may_v be_v refuse_v to_o the_o king_n without_o hazard_n whence_o he_o infer_v that_o the_o king_n must_v have_v great_a right_o and_o interest_n in_o
superior_n must_v be_v call_v 73._o all_o other_o interest_n of_o fee_n be_v carry_v as_o part_v and_o pertinent_a though_o they_o be_v not_o express_v and_o albeit_o wood_n and_o loch_n use_v oft_o to_o be_v express_v yet_o they_o be_v comprehend_v under_o part_n and_o pertinent_o and_o therefore_o the_o master_n of_o the_o ground_n have_v not_o only_o right_a to_o the_o water_n in_o loch_n but_o to_o the_o ground_n thereof_o and_o may_v drain_n the_o same_o unless_o servitude_n be_v fix_v to_o water-gangs_a of_o milns_n or_o other_o work_n and_o the_o ground_n of_o the_o loch_n and_o all_o that_o be_v upon_o it_o or_o under_o it_o be_v a_o part_n of_o the_o fee_n but_o if_o the_o loch_n be_v not_o whole_o within_o the_o fee_n but_o partly_o within_o or_o adjacent_a to_o the_o fee_n of_o another_o then_o unless_o the_o loch_n be_v express_v it_o will_v be_v divide_v among_o the_o fiars_n who_o land_n front_v thereupon_o the_o part_n of_o fee_n be_v only_o express_v in_o bound_a charter_n but_o in_o all_o other_o the_o part_n be_v only_o know_v by_o the_o common_a reputation_n of_o the_o neighbourhood_n what_o they_o comprehend_v under_o the_o designation_n express_v in_o the_o infeftment_n and_o by_o possession_n as_o part_v and_o pertinent_a of_o the_o land_n design_v in_o the_o infeftment_n whether_o they_o have_v but_o one_o common_a designation_n as_o such_o a_o barony_n or_o tenement_n or_o if_o there_o be_v a_o enumeration_n of_o their_o part_n by_o distinct_a name_n which_o do_v not_o exclude_v other_o part_n though_o belong_v to_o none_o of_o the_o part_n enumerat_a there_o be_v only_o this_o difference_n that_o express_a infeftment_n be_v preferable_a to_o these_o which_o allege_v but_o part_n and_o pertinent_a much_o more_o if_o it_o be_v allege_v to_o be_v separatum_fw-la tenementum_fw-la require_v a_o distinct_a infeftment_n and_o yet_o prescription_n as_o part_v and_o pertinent_a will_v exclude_v a_o infeftment_n as_o a_o separate_a tenement_n but_o where_o there_o be_v march-stone_n set_v it_o be_v a_o great_a convenience_n to_o preserve_v peaceable_a possession_n and_o though_o it_o can_v be_v prove_v when_o these_o march_n be_v set_v yet_o their_o be_v repute_n as_o march-stone_n will_v be_v sufficient_a to_o defend_v at_o any_o time_n within_o prescription_n but_o land_n be_v ofttimes_o so_o large_a comprehend_v mure_n and_o mountain_n that_o march-stone_n can_v be_v set_v for_o remeid_v whereof_o the_o lord_n of_o session_n by_o a_o act_n of_o sederunt_fw-la 1580._o ratify_v in_o par._n 1587._o cap._n 42._o ordain_v all_o molestation_n in_o property_n or_o commontie_z in_o possessorso_fw-it to_o be_v before_o sheriff_n baily_n of_o regality_n and_o other_o inferior_a ordinar_n judge_n where_o the_o land_n lie_v and_o for_o that_o effect_n the_o lord_n will_v direct_v letter_n of_o cognition_n to_o proceed_v upon_o fifteen_o day_n warn_v by_o a_o inquest_n of_o person_n who_o best_o know_v the_o matter_n the_o most_o part_n thereof_o be_v landed-man_n have_v at_o least_o four_o plough_n of_o land_n or_o three_o hundred_o mark_n of_o irredeemable_a rent_n and_o the_o rest_n substantious_a famous_a zeamans_n of_o the_o same_o paroch_n and_o fail_v thereof_o of_o the_o paroch_n near_a adjacent_a and_o if_o both_o party_n have_v cognition_n raise_v before_o litiscontestation_n on_o either_o the_o half_a of_o the_o assyzer_n shall_v be_v take_v of_o these_o summon_v for_o either_o party_n or_o in_o case_n there_o be_v not_o a_o sufficient_a number_n of_o they_o habile_fw-la the_o judge_n shall_v supply_v the_o same_o and_o the_o odd_a man_n to_o be_v choose_v by_o lot_n which_o inquest_n shall_v visit_v the_o ground_n and_o shall_v return_v their_o verdict_n upon_o oath_n both_o upon_o the_o claim_n and_o exception_n of_o the_o party_n and_o in_o case_n the_o judge_n ordinar_n be_v suspect_v or_o that_o the_o land_n lie_v in_o divers_a jurisdiction_n the_o lord_n be_v to_o appoint_v unsuspect_v judge_n to_o be_v pass_v under_o the_o quarter_n seal_v there_o be_v only_o except_v the_o action_n belong_v to_o the_o member_n of_o the_o college_n of_o justice_n which_o be_v to_o be_v before_o the_o lord_n yet_o the_o lord_n be_v accustom_v to_o grant_v commission_n to_o some_o of_o their_o own_o number_n where_o question_n arise_v concern_v the_o part_n or_o march_n of_o tenement_n to_o visit_v the_o ground_n and_o there_o to_o receive_v witness_n hinc_fw-la inde_fw-la both_o as_o to_o possession_n and_o interruption_n which_o the_o lord_n do_v advise_v and_o determine_v without_o a_o inquest_n part_n of_o tenement_n in_o possessorio_fw-la be_v sustain_v by_o the_o present_a peaceable_a possession_n for_o some_o time_n for_o seven_o year_n peaceable_a possession_n will_v sustain_v the_o right_n of_o the_o whole_a till_o reduction_n and_o forty_o year_n possession_n as_o part_v and_o pertinent_a be_v sufficient_a in_o petitorio_fw-la for_o the_o point_n of_o right_n and_o will_v exclude_v a_o infeftment_n express_v yea_o though_o it_o be_v a_o infeftment_n as_o distinctum_fw-la tenementum_fw-la november_n 14._o 1671._o walter_z young_z contra_fw-la william_n carmichael_n but_o if_o there_o be_v interruption_n and_o that_o either_o party_n have_v have_v some_o possession_n the_o express_a infeftment_n will_v be_v preferable_a and_o any_o lawful_a interruption_n will_v preserve_v a_o infeftment_n of_o a_o separate_a tenement_n but_o if_o neither_o party_n be_v express_o infeft_v in_o the_o land_n in_o question_n interruption_n by_o either_o party_n will_v not_o exclude_v prescription_n because_o there_o be_v not_o a_o prior_n special_a right_n valid_a of_o itself_o without_o possession_n and_o therefore_o if_o both_o party_n have_v have_v mutual_a or_o promiscuous_a possession_n each_o possess_v when_o they_o can_v and_o turn_v off_o the_o other_o that_o part_n of_o the_o land_n so_o possess_v will_v continue_v as_o a_o promiscuous_a commontie_z which_o frequent_o fall_v out_o about_o the_o march_n of_o large_a tenement_n and_o be_v so_o determine_v betwixt_o the_o lord_n strathoord_n and_o sir_n thomas_n stuart_n of_o gairntully_n if_o neither_o party_n have_v a_o express_v or_o several_a infeftment_n discontiguity_n will_v not_o exclude_v part_n and_o pertinent_a though_o if_o the_o question_n be_v with_o he_o to_o who_o the_o land_n be_v contiguous_a less_o probation_n will_v prefer_v he_o craig_n l._n 2._o dieges_fw-fr 3._o relate_v a_o case_n in_o his_o time_n betwixt_o the_o earl_n of_o angus_n and_o hoom_n of_o polwart_n where_o discontiguity_n do_v not_o exclude_v part_n and_o pertinent_a not_o be_v know_v as_o a_o distinct_a tenement_n pertinent_o comprehend_v all_o the_o natural_a fruit_n for_o corn_n be_v account_v as_o movable_a and_o as_o no_o part_n of_o the_o ground_n as_o have_v be_v show_v in_o the_o former_a title_n section_n second_o and_o also_o all_o servitude_n so_o a_o servitude_n of_o a_o pasturage_n in_o another_o heretors_n wood_n be_v sustain_v as_o a_o pertinent_a by_o long_a possession_n spot_n servitude_n laird_n of_o knockdolian_n contra_fw-la tenant_n of_o partick_n and_o part_n and_o pertinent_a be_v express_v in_o a_o minute_n of_o sale_n it_o be_v find_v to_o carry_v common_a pasturage_n in_o a_o mure_n which_o be_v a_o commontie_z to_o a_o barony_n whereof_o the_o land_n sell_v be_v a_o part_n february_n 14._o 1668._o william_n borthwick_n contra_fw-la lord_n borthwick_n and_o in_o the_o case_n betwixt_o the_o laird_n of_o hain_v and_o town_n of_o selkirk_n decide_v february_n 15._o 1668._o a_o barony_n of_o the_o king_n cum_fw-la pertinentibus_fw-la &_o cum_fw-la pascuis_fw-la &_o pasturis_fw-la be_v find_v to_o carry_v common_a pasturage_n in_o the_o mure_n of_o the_o barony_n and_o that_o the_o last_o forty_o year_n possession_n do_v presume_v the_o like_a possession_n in_o the_o fevar_n from_o the_o obtain_n their_o feve_n and_o that_o interruption_n by_o the_o town_n who_o infeftment_n be_v but_o general_a cum_fw-la communiis_fw-la do_v not_o exclude_v the_o pasturage_n of_o the_o fever_n who_o have_v also_o make_v interruption_n against_o the_o town_n 74._o craig_n l._n 2._o dieges_fw-fr 8._o debate_n this_o question_n whether_o wood_n and_o coal_n be_v part_n of_o the_o ground_n or_o only_o pertinent_a as_o fruit_n thereof_o for_o if_o these_o be_v part_n of_o the_o ground_n conjunct-feers_a or_o liferenter_n will_v have_v no_o share_n thereof_o nor_o donatar_n of_o ward_n nonentry_n or_o liferent-escheat_n so_o that_o the_o question_n be_v very_o important_a wherein_o he_o relate_v two_o decision_n one_o betwixt_o the_o lord_n seatoun_n and_o his_o mother_n who_o be_v serve_v to_o a_o terce_n be_v find_v to_o have_v right_a to_o the_o three_o of_o a_o coal-work_n constant_o go_v for_o sale_n in_o the_o defunct_n time_n and_o another_o betwixt_o ramsay_n of_o dalhousie_n and_o mary_n ballantine_n his_o predecessor_n relict_n in_o relation_n to_o a_o wood_n which_o the_o fire_n be_v find_v to_o have_v the_o only_a right_o to_o sell_v and_o
his_o opinion_n be_v that_o both_o be_v part_n of_o the_o fee_n and_o that_o no_o conjunct-fiar_n tercer_n superior_a or_o his_o donatar_n have_v any_o interest_n therein_o as_o be_v no_o part_n of_o the_o fruit_n he_o pursue_v the_o same_o question_n as_o to_o wodsetter_n who_o be_v infeft_v in_o fee_n but_o under_o reversion_n to_o who_o he_o attribute_n a_o great_a interest_n that_o they_o may_v make_v use_n of_o coal_n as_o their_o author_n do_v yet_o only_o for_o their_o proper_a use_n and_o as_o to_o a_o appryzer_n he_o relate_v the_o case_n of_o sir_n james_n hamiltoun_n who_o have_v apprise_v the_o estate_n of_o camnethen_n and_o cut_v down_o all_o the_o wood_n he_o be_v find_v to_o have_v no_o right_n to_o the_o wood_n during_o the_o legal_a for_o then_o apprize_a be_v not_o satisfy_v by_o intromission_n so_o that_o during_o the_o legal_a they_o have_v nothing_o but_o the_o fruit_n for_o which_o they_o be_v not_o countable_a now_o the_o case_n be_v alter_v by_o the_o act_n of_o parliament_n 1621._o whereby_o the_o appryzers_n intromission_n in_o so_o far_o as_o exceed_v his_o annual_a be_v impute_v to_o the_o principal_a sum_n and_o therefore_o he_o may_v continue_v in_o the_o profit_n of_o coal_n and_o wood_n as_o his_o debtor_n be_v accustom_v but_o as_o to_o liferenter_n by_o terce_n or_o by_o distinct_a liferent_a by_o provision_n where_o the_o husband_n himself_o do_v not_o preserve_v the_o wood_n to_o be_v sell_v together_o as_o sylva_n cedua_fw-la but_o cut_a part_n of_o it_o for_o his_o own_o and_o his_o tenant_n use_v for_o reparation_n of_o their_o house_n liferenter_n and_o tercer_n may_v do_v the_o same_o and_o where_o wood_n be_v divide_v in_o so_o many_o hag_n that_o they_o yield_v a_o yearly_a profit_n in_o that_o case_n the_o heretor_fw-la have_v rather_o use_v they_o as_o fruit_n then_o as_o part_n so_o that_o liferenter_v tercer_n and_o donatar_n many_o claim_n the_o same_o yea_o if_o a_o coal_n be_v a_o constant_a go_v coal_n without_o apparent_a hazard_n of_o exhaust_v it_o be_v like_o conjunct-fiars_a tercer_n or_o donatar_n will_v not_o be_v exclude_v therefrom_o not_o exceed_v the_o measure_n and_o method_n accustom_v by_o the_o fire_n but_o otherways_o coal_n be_v to_o be_v consider_v only_o as_o a_o part_n and_o be_v carry_v as_o a_o part_n though_o not_o express_v nor_o in_o barony_n as_o craig_n in_o the_o forecited_a place_n observe_v to_o have_v be_v decide_v betwixt_o the_o sheriff_n of_o air_n and_o chamber_n of_o gadgirth_n and_o a_o party_n first_o infeft_v in_o land_n with_o the_o pertinent_o without_o mention_n of_o coal_n be_v prefer_v to_o a_o express_a infeftment_n only_o of_o the_o coal-heughs_a of_o that_o land_n january_n 30._o 1662._o lord_n burley_n contra_fw-la john_n sim._n 75._o let_v we_o now_o express_v the_o meaning_n of_o the_o specialty_n ordinary_o insert_v in_o infeftment_n cum_fw-la domibus_fw-la aedificiis_fw-la comprehend_v all_o house_n and_o building_n as_o dykes_n of_o yard_n or_o park_n which_o though_o dry_a unsemented_a stone_n can_v be_v alter_v by_o the_o seller_n after_o the_o vendition_n and_o there_o be_v a_o new_a privilege_n for_o encouragement_n of_o enclose_v that_o where_o the_o inclosnr_n fall_v to_o be_v upon_o the_o march_n of_o any_o other_o inheritance_n the_o other_o heretor_fw-la though_o make_v no_o enclosure_n shall_v be_v at_o equal_a expense_n of_o that_o part_n of_o the_o dyke_n which_o march_v both_o par._n 1661._o cap._n 41._o which_o be_v sustain_v though_o the_o march_n be_v a_o stripe_n of_o water_n be_v sometime_o dry_a july_n 21._o 1669._o earl_n of_o crawford_n contra_fw-la rig._n but_o how_o far_o this_o clause_n will_v be_v extend_v to_o fortalices_n have_v be_v now_o show_v and_o though_o charter_n do_v frequent_o bear_v mannor-place_n yet_o both_o be_v carry_v under_o the_o name_n of_o part_n and_o pertinent_a cum_fw-la mollendinis_fw-la multuris_fw-la &_o eorum_fw-la sequelis_fw-la milns_n and_o multure_n have_v be_v speak_v to_o already_o but_o as_o to_o multure_n they_o be_v to_o be_v consider_v among_o servitude_n real_a title_n 17._o under_o thirlage_n 76._o cum_fw-la aucupationibus_fw-la venationibus_fw-la piscationilius_fw-la signify_v privilege_n to_o kill_v fowl_n fish_n and_o wild_a beast_n upon_o the_o fiar_n own_o ground_n from_o which_o he_o may_v debar_v other_o indirect_o by_o hinder_v they_o to_o come_v upon_o his_o ground_n except_o upon_o the_o public_a highway_n or_o such_o private_a way_n only_o in_o favour_n of_o those_o to_o who_o they_o be_v grant_v which_o be_v seldom_o do_v but_o ordinary_o permit_v yet_o if_o laborrows_n be_v use_v these_o may_v infer_v a_o contravention_n but_o by_o this_o clause_n the_o vassal_n have_v no_o property_n in_o the_o wild_a beast_n fowl_n or_o fish_n which_o belong_v to_o none_o but_o become_v proper_a to_o these_o who_o take_v they_o except_o fish_n enclose_v in_o pond_n deer_n in_o park_n or_o fowl_n in_o vollary_n for_o these_o be_v proper_a only_o by_o exclude_v of_o other_o to_o come_v upon_o their_o ground_n the_o vassal_n have_v the_o sole_a occasion_n of_o take_v such_o as_o be_v find_v there_o neither_o do_v this_o clause_n extend_v general_o for_o thereby_o swan_n or_o deer_n may_v not_o at_o all_o be_v kill_v or_o take_v nor_o salmond_n or_o their_o fry_n unless_o that_o power_n be_v express_v or_o that_o the_o land_n be_v in_o barony_n nor_o can_v fowl_n or_o hare_n be_v take_v in_o the_o time_n or_o manner_n prohibit_v by_o law_n and_o albeit_o some_o do_v adject_a fish_n in_o salt_n water_n and_o in_o fresh_a yet_o that_o import_v nothing_o no_o man_n be_v exclude_v from_o sail_v and_o fish_v upon_o the_o sea_n which_o even_o in_o loch_n and_o creik_n be_v public_a to_o all_o that_o kingdom_n or_o nation_n albeit_o other_o nation_n may_v be_v exclude_v from_o fish_v so_o far_o as_o any_o bound_n can_v be_v perceive_v in_o the_o sea_n for_o in_o so_o far_o kingdom_n and_o nation_n have_v appropriate_v the_o sea_n and_o make_v it_o public_a peculiar_a to_o themselves_o as_o to_o fish_n and_o profit_n thence_o arise_v though_o passage_n can_v just_o be_v deny_v upon_o the_o land_n as_o upon_o the_o sea_n except_o to_o enemy_n yet_o salmond-fishing_a in_o salt_n water_n and_o fresh_a give_v not_o only_a privilege_n within_o river_n but_o at_o water-mouth_n in_o the_o sea_n cum_fw-la petariis_fw-la turbariis_fw-la signify_v the_o privilege_n of_o fuel_n by_o peat_n and_o turss_n in_o mosses_n and_o mure_n 77._o cuniculis_fw-la cuniculariis_fw-la cunning_n and_o cunningare_n craig_n doubt_v whether_o these_o may_v be_v make_v indifferent_o by_o all_o vassal_n except_o a_o privilege_n be_v derive_v from_o the_o king_n because_o of_o the_o great_a damage_n the_o cunning_n do_v to_o the_o neighbourhood_n but_o there_o be_v with_o we_o no_o restraint_n but_o upon_o the_o contrary_a a_o command_n that_o every_o lord_n and_o laird_n make_v cunningares_n par._n 1503._o cap._n 74._o 78._o cum_fw-la columbis_fw-la columbariis_fw-la dove_n and_o dovecoat_n though_o they_o be_v carry_v as_o pertinent_o yet_o be_v they_o restrain_v by_o act_n of_o parliament_n 1617._o cap._n 19_o to_o such_o as_o have_v two_o chalder_n of_o victual_n in_o rent_n or_o teind_v within_o two_o mile_n of_o the_o dovecoat_n cum_fw-la fabrilibus_fw-la brasinis_fw-la be_v smiddy_n and_o kilnes_n for_o make_v of_o malt_n genestis_fw-la be_v whin_n or_o broom_n sylvis_n nemoribus_fw-la virgultis_fw-la lignis_fw-la be_v several_a kind_n of_o wood_n or_o timber_n cum_fw-la lapicidinis_fw-la lapide_fw-la &_o calce_fw-la be_v all_o kind_n of_o stone_n and_o quarry_n thereof_o of_o court_n and_o their_o issue_n we_o have_v speak_v already_o and_o likewise_o of_o bloodwit_n 79._o cum_fw-la libero_fw-la introitu_fw-la &_o exitu_fw-la do_v not_o only_o signify_v the_o passage_n by_o the_o highway_n but_o such_o other_o passage_n as_o be_v necessary_a and_o convenient_a for_o the_o fire_n through_o the_o ground_n of_o the_o superior_a or_o any_o other_o where_o way_n be_v constitute_v by_o concession_n or_o prescription_n 80._o herzeld_v also_o be_v the_o best_a aught_o as_o the_o best_a horse_n ox_n or_o cow_n of_o the_o tennent_n die_v upon_o the_o ground_n be_v introduce_v by_o custom_n derive_v from_o the_o german_n as_o the_o word_n of_o their_o language_n express_v the_o same_o evidence_v which_o signify_v the_o gratuity_n leave_v by_o the_o labourer_n of_o the_o ground_n to_o their_o master_n and_o which_o be_v due_a by_o custom_n whether_o leave_v or_o not_o and_o therefore_o rather_o from_o custom_n then_o from_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o fee_n and_o we_o have_v neither_o rule_n nor_o example_n for_o pay_v it_o by_o any_o but_o by_o the_o labourer_n of_o the_o ground_n so_o that_o though_o it_o be_v not_o express_v it_o be_v not_o reserve_v to_o the_o superior_a but_o belong_v to_o the_o vassal_n as_o skeen_n observe_v but_o whereas_o he_o
poind_v before_o by_o a_o three_o party_n for_o a_o debt_n hope_v poind_v paterson_n contra_fw-la patrick_n adam_n 10._o in_o poind_v of_o the_o ground_n the_o proprietar_n the_o time_n of_o the_o summons_n must_v be_v call_v albeit_o his_o infeftment_n be_v base_a but_o not_o the_o superior_a january_n 19_o 1636._o oliphant_n contra_fw-la oliphant_n and_o be_v sufficient_a to_o call_v the_o wodsetter_n without_o the_o reverser_n february_n 1._o 1631._o gilbert_n williamson_n contra_fw-la hendrie_n cunninghame_n the_o tenant_n also_o must_v be_v call_v in_o so_o far_o as_o concern_v their_o good_n but_o the_o present_a heretor_n and_o tenant_n be_v once_o discern_v the_o decreet_a will_v be_v effectual_a against_o all_o singular_a successor_n and_o subsequent_a tenant_n without_o a_o new_a decreet_a of_o transference_n hope_n poind_v of_o the_o ground_n forester_n contra_fw-la tenant_n november_n 21._o 1628._o watson_n contra_fw-la reid_n june_n 26._o 1662._o adamson_n contra_fw-la lord_n balmerino_n but_o poind_v of_o the_o ground_n upon_o annualrent_n may_v proceed_v summary_o without_o declare_v the_o right_n in_o a_o petitorie_a judgement_n though_o the_o annualrenter_fw-la have_v not_o be_v in_o possession_n for_o seven_o year_n and_o a_o posterior_n annualrenter_fw-la in_o possession_n seven_o year_n be_v not_o find_v preferable_a because_o annualrent_n be_v debita_fw-la fundi_fw-la have_v neither_o prejudice_n nor_o profit_n by_o possession_n as_o in_o a_o possessory_a judgement_n which_o be_v only_o competent_a upon_o infeftment_n of_o property_n or_o tack_n january_n 9_o 1668._o old_a lady_n clerkingtoun_n contra_fw-la clerkingtoun_n and_o the_o young_a lady_n and_o a_o poind_n of_o the_o ground_n may_v proceed_v against_o the_o appear_v and_o heir_n without_o a_o charge_n to_o enter_v heir_n january_n 2._o 1667._o oliphant_n contra_fw-la hamiltoun_n 11._o as_o to_o the_o ground-right_a and_o property_n of_o the_o land_n apprize_a upon_o infeftment_n of_o annualrent_n be_v not_o only_o effectual_a against_o the_o proprietar_n but_o against_o any_o other_o apprize_a for_o personal_a debt_n and_o infeftment_n thereupon_o be_v after_o the_o original_a infeftment_n of_o the_o annualrent_a though_o before_o the_o apprize_a thereon_o hope_n poind_v and_o apprize_a tenant_n of_o clunie_n contra_fw-la tarachtrie_n slowand_a and_o glendon_v and_o it_o be_v the_o singularity_n of_o this_o right_n that_o the_o infeftment_n of_o annualrent_n be_v once_o establish_v apprize_a thereupon_o will_v be_v prefer_v to_o all_o interveen_a right_n and_o diligence_n even_o though_o they_o proceed_v upon_o posterior_n infeftment_n and_o annualrent_n and_o though_o by_o the_o late_a act_n of_o parliament_n appryzing_n within_o year_n and_o day_n come_v in_o pari_fw-la passu_fw-la there_o be_v a_o express_a exception_n of_o annualrent_n and_o therefore_o a_o apprize_a proceed_v upon_o a_o personal_a obligement_n and_o requisition_n both_o for_o principal_a and_o annual_a and_o within_o year_n and_o day_n of_o other_o appryzing_n the_o appryzer_n be_v allow_v to_o pass_v from_o his_o apprize_a as_o to_o the_o annualrent_n prior_n to_o the_o apprize_a and_o these_o be_v prefer_v to_o all_o the_o appryzing_n and_o his_o apprize_a be_v bring_v in_o pari_fw-la passu_fw-la for_o the_o principal_a sum_n and_o annualrent_n after_o the_o apprize_a december_n 22._o 1671._o campbel_n contra_fw-la yea_o a_o infeftment_n of_o annualrent_n be_v betwixt_o the_o first_o effectual_a apprize_a and_o the_o subsequent_a appryzing_n within_o year_n and_o day_n be_v bring_v in_o pari_fw-la passu_fw-la with_o these_o appryzing_n as_o to_o the_o whole_a right_n as_o be_v in_o a_o matter_n dubious_a upon_o a_o new_a statute_n the_o annualrenter_fw-la have_v rest_v thereupon_o and_o not_o have_v apprise_v for_o his_o principal_a sum_n which_o if_o he_o have_v do_v he_o will_v clear_o have_v come_v in_o pari_fw-la passu_fw-la february_n 6._o 1673._o brown_a of_o colstoun_n contra_fw-la edward_n nicolas_n there_o be_v a_o case_n propose_v by_o sir_n thomas_n hope_v viz._n if_o one_o have_v right_o to_o some_o year_n of_o a_o annualrent_a by_o liferent_a or_o otherways_o shall_v appryze_v for_o these_o year_n and_o that_o apprize_a expyre_n whether_o that_o apprize_a expire_a will_n carry_v the_o right_n of_o property_n not_o only_o from_o he_o who_o constitute_v the_o annualrent_a but_o from_o the_o fire_n of_o the_o annualrent_n himself_o so_o that_o the_o infeftment_n of_o annualrent_n shall_v become_v extinct_a which_o seem_v to_o be_v resolve_v affirmative_o because_o of_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o right_n for_o the_o infeftment_n of_o annualrent_n be_v jus_o sed_fw-la ignobilius_fw-la become_v extinct_a if_o the_o annualrenter_fw-la there_o upon_o do_v appryze_v the_o property_n and_o be_v infeft_v and_o therefore_o whoever_o appryze_v for_o year_n of_o the_o annualrent_a the_o infeftment_n thereof_o unless_o it_o be_v take_v away_o by_o satisfaction_n or_o redemption_n extinguish_v the_o infeftment_n of_o annualrent_n without_o distinction_n whether_o the_o apprize_a be_v lead_v for_o any_o year_n belong_v to_o the_o fire_n liferenter_fw-la or_o any_o other_o and_o whereas_o the_o difficulty_n seem_v to_o be_v that_o the_o liferenter_fw-la can_v prejudge_v the_o fire_n of_o the_o annualrent_a or_o appryze_v more_o from_o the_o fire_n of_o the_o land_n than_o he_o have_v it_o be_v answer_v the_o fire_n need_v not_o be_v prejudge_v because_o he_o have_v a_o virtual_a reversion_n and_o may_v thereby_o redeem_v from_o the_o annualrenter_fw-la and_o take_v the_o liferenter_v right_o neither_o do_v the_o apprize_a exclude_v the_o annualrent_n itself_o as_o to_o year_n posterior_n by_o the_o tenor_n of_o the_o apprize_a but_o by_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o right_n constitute_v to_o that_o very_a end_n that_o a_o apprise_n for_o any_o year_n of_o the_o annualrent_n be_v draw_v back_o ad_fw-la svam_fw-la causam_fw-la viz._n the_o original_a infeftment_n of_o the_o annualrent_a and_o so_o exclude_v all_o posterior_n infeftment_n and_o therefore_o extinguish_v not_o only_o these_o but_o even_o the_o infeftment_n of_o annualrent_n itself_o cease_v by_o accession_n of_o the_o property_n ut_fw-la juris_fw-la nobilioris_fw-la but_o if_o the_o fire_n of_o the_o annualrent_n be_v neglective_a in_o so_o dubious_a a_o case_n it_o be_v like_o the_o lord_n will_v repone_v he_o satisfy_v the_o liferenter_fw-la in_o the_o case_n of_o competition_n the_o infeftment_n of_o annualrent_n itself_o will_v be_v prefer_v to_o the_o posterior_n right_n though_o no_o apprise_v follow_v january_n 29._o 1635._o sir_n james_n hamiltoun_n of_o brownhill_n contra_fw-la wilson_n infeftment_n of_o annualrent_n have_v the_o privilege_n and_o preference_n though_o they_o be_v make_v use_n of_o by_o way_n of_o competition_n without_o apprise_v thereupon_o yea_o though_o requisition_n be_v make_v and_o a_o apprise_v lead_v upon_o the_o sum_n whereunto_o the_o annualrent_n be_v accessary_a yet_o it_o be_v find_v the_o appriser_n may_v pro_fw-la loco_fw-la &_o tempore_fw-la pass_v from_o that_o apprise_n and_o upon_o the_o annualrent_n itself_o be_v prefer_v january_n 24._o 1663._o robert_n graham_n contra_fw-la john_n ross._n 12._o but_o as_o to_o apprise_v of_o movable_n or_o rent_n the_o lord_n use_v in_o competition_n to_o give_v so_o much_o time_n to_o the_o first_o annualrenter_fw-la and_o so_o to_o the_o rest_n after_o each_o term_n that_o they_o only_o may_v poind_v and_o so_o they_o decern_v the_o first_o annualrenter_fw-la to_o poind_v within_o twenty_o day_n of_o each_o term_n and_o the_o second_o within_o the_o next_o twenty_o day_n feb._n 15._o 1662._o lady_n mouswall_n elder_a and_o young_a competing_n the_o like_a allow_v the_o first_o annualrenter_fw-la forty_o day_n after_o each_o term_n july_n 26._o 1662._o sir_n john_n aiton_n contra_fw-la adam_n wat._n but_o as_o to_o the_o apprise_n of_o the_o property_n the_o first_o annualrenter_fw-la may_n apprise_n when_o he_o please_v and_o then_o be_v preferable_a to_o all_o other_o but_o the_o regulate_v of_o the_o poind_n of_o movable_n be_v in_o favour_n of_o the_o poor_a labourer_n the_o like_a june_n 26._o 1662._o adamson_n contra_fw-la lord_n balmerino_n where_o it_o be_v find_v that_o the_o annualrenter_fw-la may_v affect_v any_o part_n of_o the_o ground_n in_o solidum_fw-la albeit_o now_o belong_v to_o several_a heretor_n but_o so_o as_o the_o heretor_fw-la of_o the_o ground_n affect_v behove_v to_o have_v assignation_n to_o the_o decreet_a for_o obtain_v relief_n 13._o annualrent_n long_o ago_o have_v no_o effect_n but_o poind_v of_o the_o ground_n and_o can_v not_o come_v in_o to_o hinder_v arrester_n of_o the_o duty_n for_o the_o proprietar_n debt_n march_v 24._o 1626._o grace_n contra_fw-la graham_n but_o thereafter_o be_v ordain_v to_o be_v a_o sufficient_a title_n against_o all_o intromettor_n with_o the_o duty_n personal_o march_v 15._o 1637._o richard_n guthrie_n contra_fw-la earl_n of_o galloway_n annualrent_n be_v find_v liable_a to_o public_a burden_n proportional_a with_o the_o superplus_n rend_v belong_v to_o the_o fire_n june_n 23._o 1675._o david_n
bruce_n contra_fw-la james_n bruce_n this_o annualrent_n be_v not_o for_o security_n of_o a_o stock_n the_o like_a be_v find_v of_o a_o liferent_a annualrent_n june_n 18._o 1663._o margaret_n fleming_n contra_fw-la james_n gillis_n 14._o annualrent_n as_o to_o bygone_n be_v movable_a and_o so_o arrestable_a and_o belong_v to_o executor_n december_n 15._o 1630._o ogilvie_n contra_fw-la ogilvie_n yet_o it_o will_v be_v more_o competent_a and_o suitable_a to_o pursue_v it_o personal_o against_o intrometter_n with_o the_o rent_n or_o postessor_n then_o by_o a_o real_a action_n of_o poind_v the_o ground_n annualrent_n be_v suppress_v by_o wodset_n of_o the_o land_n or_o other_o more_o noble_a right_n in_o the_o person_n of_o the_o annualrenter_fw-la unless_o that_o right_o be_v evict_v 15._o a_o infeftment_n of_o annualrent_a redeemable_a be_v find_v extinct_a by_o a_o renunciation_n registrat_n in_o the_o register_n of_o reversion_n and_o that_o against_o a_o singular_a successor_n though_o there_o be_v no_o resignation_n of_o the_o annualrent_a january_n 7._o 1680._o john_n mcclellan_n contra_fw-la mushet_n a_o annualrent_n be_v also_o find_v extinct_a by_o the_o annualrenter_n intromet_v with_o the_o rent_n of_o the_o land_n out_o of_o which_o the_o annualrent_n be_v payable_a equivalent_a to_o the_o principal_a sum_n for_o security_n whereof_o the_o annualrent_n be_v constitute_v which_o intromission_n be_v sound_a probable_a by_o witness_n though_o it_o be_v silver-rent_a feb._n 4._o 1671._o wishart_n contra_fw-la elizabeth_n arthur_n and_o therefore_o singnlar_a successor_n succeed_v in_o annualrent_n either_o by_o voluntary_a disposition_n or_o by_o apprise_v or_o adjudication_n can_v be_v secure_a by_o inspection_n of_o register_n as_o they_o may_v be_v for_o land_n but_o they_o run_v the_o hazard_n of_o satisfaction_n of_o the_o principal_a sum_n for_o which_o the_o annualrent_n be_v grant_v wherewith_o it_o fall_v in_o consequence_n for_o no_o provident_a man_n will_v buy_v a_o annualrent_a give_v for_o security_n of_o a_o principal_a sum_n but_o either_o upon_o necessity_n for_o satisfy_v a_o prior_n debt_n or_o upon_o great_a advantage_n in_o both_o which_o case_n he_o shall_v take_v his_o hazard_n scire_fw-la debet_fw-la cum_fw-la quo_fw-la contrahit_fw-la as_o all_o purchaser_n of_o personal_a right_n must_v do_v pension_n resemble_v annualrent_n or_o the_o seuda_fw-la ex_fw-la camera_fw-la or_o ex_fw-la cavena_fw-es mention_v by_o the_o feudist_n for_o thereby_o a_o yearly_a rent_n be_v constitute_v to_o be_v pay_v out_o of_o the_o constituents_a land_n general_o or_o particular_o yet_o these_o pension_n not_o have_v infeftment_n have_v but_o the_o nature_n of_o assignation_n and_o so_o be_v not_o valid_a against_o singular_a successor_n 16._o except_o only_o ecclesiastic_a pension_n constitute_v by_o prelate_n which_o be_v valid_a against_o their_o successor_n in_o office_n but_o not_o unless_o they_o be_v clothe_v with_o possession_n or_o decreet_n conform_v in_o the_o constituents_a life_n par._n 1592._o cap._n 137._o and_o so_o a_o pension_n grant_v by_o a_o bishop_n with_o power_n to_o assign_v be_v find_v valid_a to_o the_o assignee_n after_o the_o first_o pensioner_n death_n against_o the_o succeed_a bishop_n and_o to_o be_v no_o dilapidation_n july_n 21._o 1625._o minister_n of_o kirklistoun_n contra_fw-la patrick_n whitelaw_n yea_o though_o the_o pension_n bear_v a_o power_n to_o assign_v etiam_fw-la in_o articulo_fw-la mortis_fw-la december_n 17._o 1628._o chalmers_n contra_fw-la craigievar_n but_o in_o this_o case_n the_o pensioner_n grant_v assignation_n reserve_v his_o own_o life-rent_a or_o to_o take_v effect_n after_o his_o death_n whereby_o both_o might_n at_o once_o have_v interest_n therein_o the_o assignation_n be_v find_v null_a by_o exception_n though_o have_v decreet_a conform_v and_o thirty_o year_n possession_n the_o like_a hope_n assignation_n abernethie_o contra_fw-la lady_n drumlanerk_n but_o now_o by_o the_o act_n of_o par._n 1606._o cap._n 3._o archbishop_n and_o bishop_n be_v disable_v to_o grant_v pension_n to_o affect_v their_o benefice_n further_o than_o themselves_o have_v right_a to_o the_o benefice_n but_o do_v not_o prejudge_v their_o successor_n in_o office_n yet_o pension_n grant_v by_o benefice_a person_n be_v not_o only_o due_a during_o their_o life_n but_o out_o of_o their_o annat_v after_o their_o death_n february_n 28._o 1628._o bairn_n of_o the_o bishop_n of_o galloway_n contra_fw-la andrew_n couper_n 17._o pension_n grant_v by_o secular_a person_n though_o they_o contain_v assignation_n to_o the_o duty_n of_o the_o land_n special_o and_o have_v decreet_a conform_v be_v find_v ineffectual_a against_o singular_a successor_n in_o the_o land_n july_n 9_o 1629._o urquhart_n contra_fw-la the_o earl_n of_o caithness_n december_n 11._o 1662._o andrew_n clappertoun_n contra_fw-la laird_n of_o ednem_fw-la neither_o against_o the_o lady_n tercer_n of_o the_o constituent_a march_v 27._o 1634._o countess_z of_o dumfermling_n contra_fw-la earl_n of_o dumsermling_n a_o decreet_a conform_v be_v obtain_v against_o the_o grant_a of_o a_o pension_n his_o tenant_n and_o chamberlain_n be_v effectual_a against_o subsequent_a chamberlain_n without_o new_a decreet_a or_o transference_n yet_o must_v be_v transfer_v against_o the_o constituents_a heir_n and_o his_o chamberlain_n though_o it_o will_v be_v valid_a be_v a_o ecclesiastic_a pension_n against_o his_o successor_n december_n 7._o 1630._o earl_n of_o carrict_a contra_fw-la duke_n of_o lennox_n spot_n hic_fw-la alexander_n weyms_n contra_fw-la chamberlain_n of_o the_o duke_n of_o lennox_n a_o pension_n bear_v for_o love_n and_o special_a service_n do_v and_o to_o be_v do_v be_v find_v effectual_a though_o the_o pensioner_n remove_v and_o do_v not_o that_o service_n his_o removal_n be_v necessary_a by_o transportation_n march_v 25._o 1629._o doctor_n strang_n contra_fw-la lord_n couper_n the_o like_a of_o a_o pension_n grant_v to_o a_o advocate_n for_o service_n do_v and_o to_o be_v do_v which_o be_v find_v valid_a during_o his_o life_n though_o he_o leave_v plead_v december_n 3._o 1662._o mr._n john_n alexander_n contra_fw-la mr._n roderick_n mcleod_n the_o like_a of_o a_o pension_n for_o service_n do_v and_o to_o be_v do_v though_o the_o service_n be_v not_o do_v when_o not_o require_v nor_o be_v it_o exclude_v by_o the_o pensioner_n pursue_v process_n at_o his_o own_o instance_n against_o the_o constituent_a upon_o a_o probable_a ground_n though_o the_o constituent_n be_v assoil_v june_n 26._o 1678._o mr._n william_n weir_n advocate_n contra_fw-la the_o earl_n of_o callendar_n 18._o pension_n grant_v by_o the_o king_n be_v declare_v not_o arrestable_a in_o the_o thesaurers_n hand_n by_o act_n of_o sederunt_fw-la june_n 11._o 1613._o the_o reason_n thereof_o must_v be_v because_o such_o be_v ordinary_o alimentary_a and_o always_o for_o the_o king_n special_a service_n which_o will_v be_v impede_v by_o hinder_v payment_n of_o the_o pension_n title_n xvi_o liferent_n where_o of_o conjunctfee_n terce_n and_o liferent_n by_o the_o courtesy_n of_o scotland_n 1._o servitude_n personal_a by_o the_o roman_a law_n 2._o servitude_n personal_a by_o our_o custom_n 3._o clause_n of_o conquest_n of_o liferent_a or_o fee_n of_o land_n acquire_v during_o marriage_n how_o far_o extend_v 4._o all_o liferent_n must_v be_v salva_fw-la rei_fw-la substantia_fw-la 5._o liferenter_n be_v burden_v with_o aliment_n of_o heir_n 6._o liferent_n without_o infeftment_n be_v not_o effectual_a against_o singular_a successor_n 7._o the_o effect_n of_o assignation_n to_o liferent_n 8._o liferent_n be_v not_o prejudge_v by_o tack_n or_o other_o deed_n of_o the_o fire_n be_v posterior_n 9_o what_o term_n do_v belong_v to_o liferenter_n 10._o conjunctsee_n 11._o liferenter_n by_o conjunctsee_n have_v all_o the_o casualty_n of_o superiority_n 12._o terce_n 13._o service_n of_o terce_n 14._o ken_n to_o terce_n 15._o the_o effect_n of_o terce_n 16._o the_o extent_n of_o terce_n 17._o exception_n against_o terce_n 18._o burden_n of_o terce_n 19_o liferent_n by_o the_o courtesy_n of_o scotland_n 20._o public_a burden_n from_o the_o feudal_n right_n of_o property_n we_o proceed_v to_o servitude_n burden_v the_o 〈◊〉_d these_o be_v either_o personal_a or_o real_a personal_a servitude_n be_v whereby_o the_o property_n of_o one_o be_v subservient_fw-fr to_o the_o person_n of_o another_o real_a servitude_n be_v whereby_o a_o tenement_n be_v subservient_fw-fr to_o another_o tenement_n and_o to_o person_n but_o as_o and_o while_o they_o have_v right_o to_o the_o tenement_n dominant_a as_o thirleage_v pasturage_n way_n passage_n etc._n etc._n and_o the_o like_a servitude_n personal_a for_o term_n of_o life_n be_v therefore_o call_v liferent_n servitude_n for_o a_o indefinite_a time_n be_v such_o which_o either_o may_v or_o use_n to_o be_v constitute_v for_o a_o long_o or_o short_a time_n such_o be_v pension_n ecclesiastic_a rental_n and_o tack_n which_o though_o they_o be_v in_o their_o nature_n but_o personal_a right_n yet_o by_o statute_n or_o custom_n they_o have_v the_o effect_n of_o real_a right_n of_o which_o
of_o load_v upon_o horseback_n or_o a_o way_n for_o lead_v of_o cart_n or_o a_o way_n for_o drive_v of_o cattle_n it_o be_v observe_v according_o there_o be_v another_o distinction_n of_o way_n among_o the_o roman_n and_o with_o we_o in_o public_a and_o private_a way_n public_a way_n be_v these_o which_o be_v constitute_v for_o public_a use_n and_o which_o go_v from_o one_o public_a place_n to_o another_o as_o from_o one_o burgh_n to_o another_o or_o from_o a_o burgh_n to_o a_o public_a port_n this_o be_v call_v a_o a_o highway_n and_o by_o the_o roman_n a_o imperial_a or_o praetorian_a way_n and_o with_o we_o the_o king_n highway_n for_o preservation_n whereof_o there_o be_v express_a statute_n parliament_n 1555._o cap._n 53._o par._n 1592._o cap._n 156._o and_o this_o be_v patent_n to_o all_o the_o liege_n without_o respect_n to_o any_o land_n yea_o and_o to_o all_o stranger_n have_v freedom_n of_o traffic_n private_a way_n be_v these_o which_o be_v constitute_v by_o private_a party_n for_o private_a use_n whereof_o both_o be_v or_o at_o least_o one_o end_n be_v to_o a_o private_a place_n and_o be_v a_o proper_a servitude_n to_o the_o use_n of_o that_o place_n for_o which_o it_o be_v constitute_v so_o a_o way_n the_o one_o end_n whereof_o be_v at_o a_o public_a place_n may_v be_v a_o private_a way_n if_o the_o other_o end_n thereof_o be_v from_o or_o for_o the_o use_n of_o a_o private_a place_n as_o a_o way_n from_o a_o private_a place_n to_o a_o city_n or_o church_n which_o do_v not_o fall_v in_o to_o any_o public_a way_n for_o in_o so_o far_o it_o remain_v private_a and_o can_v be_v make_v use_n of_o but_o for_o the_o behoof_n of_o the_o place_n or_o ground_n from_o which_o it_o come_v but_o it_o be_v not_o the_o largeness_n or_o latitude_n of_o the_o way_n that_o make_v a_o public_a or_o private_a way_n for_o a_o private_a way_n may_v be_v as_o large_a as_o a_o public_a private_a way_n be_v constitute_v as_o other_o servitude_n by_o prescription_n by_o go_v and_o come_v that_o way_n uninterrupted_a time_n out_o of_o mind_n or_o forty_o year_n without_o write_n or_o any_o other_o right_o private_a party_n may_v repair_v these_o way_n become_v difficult_a so_o a_o heretor_fw-la have_v a_o way_n to_o the_o kirk_n and_o to_o a_o royal_a burgh_n at_o a_o ford_n where_o there_o be_v a_o old_a bridge_n be_v find_v the_o ford_n become_v difficult_a to_o have_v right_a to_o rebuild_v the_o bridge_n though_o the_o one_o end_n of_o it_o be_v but_o upon_o his_o land_n and_o the_o other_o end_n upon_o his_o neighbour_n who_o withstand_v it_o nicol._n de_fw-fr servitudibus_fw-la sir_n james_n cleiland_n contra_fw-la cleiland_n 11._o water_v be_v a_o servitude_n of_o take_v water_n proper_a to_o one_o ground_n for_o the_o use_n of_o another_o whether_o it_o be_v for_o the_o cattle_n of_o the_o dominant_a ground_n which_o be_v most_o ordinary_a or_o for_o other_o use_v thereof_o and_o it_o do_v ordinary_o carry_v a_o way_n for_o these_o cattle_n to_o come_v to_o that_o water_n through_o the_o seruient_fw-fr ground_n but_o if_o it_o be_v only_o a_o way_n to_o public_a water_n in_o rivers_n or_o public_a loch_n it_o differ_v nothing_o from_o the_o servitude_n of_o a_o way_n unless_o with_o the_o way_n there_o be_v also_o the_o make_v use_n of_o the_o private_a water_n in_o the_o fountain_n pond_n or_o other_o place_n proper_a to_o the_o seruient_fw-fr ground_n 12._o a_o watergang_n be_v a_o servitude_n of_o convey_v water_n through_o the_o seruient_fw-fr ground_n for_o the_o use_n of_o the_o dominant_a and_o if_o the_o water_n be_v proper_a and_o belong_v to_o the_o seruient_fw-fr ground_n the_o servitude_n be_v the_o great_a but_o have_v no_o different_a name_n such_o be_v the_o aqueduct_n to_o milns_n and_o other_o use_n for_o without_o such_o a_o servitude_n water_n may_v not_o be_v alter_v or_o divert_v from_o its_o course_n as_o be_v find_v where_o the_o watercourse_n be_v the_o march_n betwixt_o the_o heretor_n that_o the_o one_o can_v not_o change_v its_o old_a channel_n though_o it_o return_v thereto_o again_o without_o consent_n of_o the_o other_o though_o he_o allege_v no_o prejudice_n but_o the_o want_n of_o the_o pleasure_n of_o the_o water_n and_o fish_v of_o trout_n and_o that_o thereafter_o he_o may_v make_v use_n of_o it_o upon_o his_o side_n june_n 25._o 1624._o ballantine_n contra_fw-la cranstoun_n it_o be_v also_o find_v that_o a_o heretor_fw-la may_v not_o divert_v the_o water_n from_o its_o own_o course_n upon_o his_o own_o ground_n to_o the_o prejudice_n of_o other_o have_v the_o right_a of_o fish_v therein_o hope_n de_fw-fr actionibus_fw-la in_o factum_fw-la bairdie_o contra_fw-la stonehouse_n 13._o fewel_v be_v a_o servitude_n of_o suffer_a fuel_n to_o be_v take_v from_o the_o seruient_fw-fr ground_n for_o the_o use_n of_o the_o dominant_a and_o inhabitant_n thereof_o and_o it_o be_v ordinary_o in_o peat_n turff_n and_o heather_n and_o it_o do_v necessary_o import_v field_n to_o win_v the_o fevel_n upon_o and_o a_o way_n to_o bring_v it_o away_o though_o these_o be_v not_o express_v this_o servitude_n be_v sometime_o constitute_v indefinite_o upon_o a_o whole_a moss_n or_o muire_n and_o sometime_o upon_o a_o particular_a place_n thereof_o and_o according_o it_o be_v to_o be_v regulate_v by_o the_o consent_n or_o custom_n which_o do_v constitute_v it_o the_o like_a be_v in_o the_o way_n for_o carry_v the_o fevel_n which_o sometime_o be_v a_o cart-way_n sometime_o only_o a_o load-way_n fewel_v be_v presume_v to_o be_v comprehend_v under_o pasturage_n though_o not_o express_v as_o the_o minor_a servitude_n be_v involve_v in_o the_o major_n yet_o this_o presumption_n be_v take_v off_o by_o contrary_a custom_n or_o express_v paction_n for_o they_o be_v not_o inseparable_a asiter_n &_o actus_n be_v under_o via_fw-la there_o be_v no_o end_n nor_o interest_n to_o hinder_v a_o man_n to_o go_v or_o ride_v where_o a_o cart_n or_o drive_v do_v pass_v but_o where_o common_a pasturage_n be_v constitute_v it_o be_v a_o several_a and_o separable_a interest_n to_o break_v the_o ground_n for_o fuel_n feal_n or_o divet_n which_o in_o so_o far_o exclude_v the_o other_o party_n and_o appropriat_v that_o part_n of_o the_o grassto_n the_o feweler_n and_o so_o it_o be_v find_v that_o a_o servitude_n of_o pasturage_n introduce_v by_o forty_o year_n peaceable_a possession_n of_o the_o pasturage_n be_v not_o to_o be_v extend_v to_o feal_n and_o divet_n see_v the_o acquirer_n be_v interrupt_v in_o these_o february_n 15._o 1668._o laird_n of_o hayn_v contra_fw-la town_n of_o selkirk_n and_o where_o the_o servitude_n be_v only_o constitute_v for_o feal_n divet_n day_n and_o stone_n in_o a_o large_a muir_n indefinite_o it_o be_v not_o find_v to_o hinder_v the_o proprietar_n to_o rive_v out_o a_o part_n of_o the_o muire_n leave_v enough_o that_o may_v serve_v that_o servitude_n for_o ever_o unplew_v and_o with_o condition_n that_o if_o that_o suffice_v not_o more_o of_o the_o muire_n shall_v be_v leave_v lee_n again_o wherein_o respect_n be_v have_v to_o the_o public_a utility_n of_o make_v a_o large_a muire_n to_o be_v profitable_a june_n 21._o 1667._o john_n watson_n contra_fw-la fever_n of_o dunkennan_n the_o like_a be_v find_v in_o a_o servitude_n of_o fewelling_n upon_o a_o muire_n of_o vast_a bound_n that_o it_o do_v not_o hinder_v the_o proprietar_n to_o blow_n but_o the_o most_o convenient_a place_n for_o fewelling_n be_v appoint_v to_o be_v lay_v aside_o as_o they_o be_v adjacent_a to_o the_o dominant_a tenement_n so_o that_o they_o may_v be_v secure_a of_o perpetual_a fewel_v which_o the_o proprietar_n may_v never_o plough_v january_n 20._o 1680._o earl_n of_o southesk_n contra_fw-la melgunt_fw-la and_o other_o but_o in_o all_o these_o by_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o servitude_n they_o shall_v not_o be_v extend_v further_a than_o for_o the_o use_n of_o the_o dominant_a ground_n and_o so_o not_o applicable_a by_o the_o heretor_fw-la of_o the_o dominant_a ground_n to_o any_o other_o not_o inhabit_v the_o dominant_a field_n yet_o if_o custom_n and_o prescription_n have_v be_v to_o the_o contrary_a it_o overrule_v all_o and_o so_o it_o be_v find_v that_o a_o heretor_fw-la or_o his_o tenant_n have_v right_o to_o a_o common_a muire_n not_o only_a may_v win_v fuel_n there_o for_o his_o own_o use_n but_o sell_v it_o to_o other_o june_n 21._o 1611_o moniemusk_n contra_fw-la pitfoddel_n 14._o pasturage_n be_v a_o servitude_n whereby_o the_o grass_n of_o the_o ground_n seruient_fw-fr be_v apply_v to_o the_o use_n of_o the_o ground_n dominant_a and_o this_o sometime_o reach_v to_o the_o full_a benefit_n of_o the_o grass_n so_o that_o the_o proprietar_n have_v no_o share_n thereof_o but_o the_o benefit_n of_o the_o tillage_n and_o other_o pertinent_o beside_o the_o grass_n whereby_o he_o may_v
when_o they_o be_v allocat_fw-la all_o intrometter_n with_o the_o teind_n of_o these_o land_n allocat_fw-la be_v liable_a for_o the_o stipend_n not_o proportional_o with_o other_o intrometter_n but_o in_o so_o far_o as_o their_o whole_a intromission_n can_v reach_v even_o though_o they_o make_v payment_n before_o they_o be_v charge_v by_o the_o minister_n which_o they_o allege_v be_v bona_fw-la fide_fw-la to_o the_o heretor_fw-la or_o tacksman_n february_n 19_o 1629._o kirk_n contra_fw-la gilchrist_n and_o if_o there_o be_v no_o allocation_n the_o stipend_n be_v a_o burden_n affect_v the_o whole_a teind_v out_o of_o which_o it_o be_v modify_v and_o the_o minister_n may_v take_v himself_o either_o to_o the_o heretor_fw-la or_o possessor_n spot_n kirk-man_n mr._n andrew_n ker_n contra_fw-la william_n gilchrist_n december_n 3._o 1664._o mr._n j._n hutcheson_n contra_fw-la earl_n of_o cassils_n in_o which_o case_n it_o be_v find_v that_o the_o minister_n may_v take_v himself_o to_o any_o of_o the_o heretor_n of_o the_o paroch_n for_o the_o whole_a teind_v inso_v far_o as_o his_o modified_a stipend_n go_v see_v he_o have_v no_o locality_n and_o that_o the_o heretor_fw-la distress_v behove_v to_o seek_v his_o relief_n proportional_o from_o the_o rest_n and_o a_o minister_n be_v find_v to_o have_v right_a to_o pursue_v a_o heretor_fw-la for_o his_o stipend_n pay_v out_o of_o his_o land_n and_o that_o accept_v a_o assignation_n to_o a_o part_n of_o the_o tenant_n duty_n do_v not_o liberat_fw-la the_o heretor_fw-la further_o then_o what_o the_o minister_n receive_v unless_o the_o assignation_n bear_v in_o full_a satisfaction_n november_n 9_o 1677._o mr._n john_n rutherford_n contra_fw-la murray_n of_o skirling_n yea_o though_o a_o heretor_fw-la be_v but_o a_o appryzer_n of_o the_o stock_n and_o teind_n he_o be_v find_v liable_a personal_o though_o he_o have_v not_o intromet_v and_o though_o he_o offer_v to_o assign_v as_o much_o of_o the_o rent_n december_n 20._o 1622._o sir_n john_n prestoun_n contra_fw-la sir_n john_n ker._n and_o though_o the_o intrometter_n be_v but_o a_o wodsetter_n both_o of_o stock_n and_o teind_v have_v no_o more_o but_o his_o annualrent_n and_o there_o be_v sufficient_a teind_v beside_o the_o wodset_n march_v 21._o 1633._o mr_n william_n keith_n contra_fw-la james_n grace_n and_o other_o but_o where_o a_o liferenter_fw-la possess_fw-fr she_o be_v only_o find_v liable_a not_o the_o fire_n june_n 24._o 1663._o menzies_n contra_fw-la laird_n of_o glenurchie_n 31._o but_o teind_n before_o valuation_n be_v only_o due_a according_a to_o the_o crop_v and_o good_n without_o restrain_v the_o heretor_fw-la in_o the_o free_a use_n of_o his_o ground_n who_o may_v leave_v it_o all_o grass_n though_o it_o have_v never_o be_v so_o long_a corn_n and_o may_v stock_n it_o with_o yield_v good_n which_o will_v yield_v no_o viccarage_n and_o therefore_o have_v enclose_v a_o parcel_n of_o ground_n and_o sow_v it_o with_o kail_n carrot_n and_o herb_n the_o same_o be_v find_v teind_v free_a unless_o these_o be_v accustom_v to_o pay_v teind_v in_o that_o place_n june_n 9_o 1676._o alexander_n burnet_n contra_fw-la william_n gibb_n 32_o even_o after_o valuation_n teind_n be_v not_o debita_fw-la fundi_fw-la nor_o do_v affect_v singular_a successor_n as_o to_o bygones_fw-la before_o their_o right_n february_n 28._o 1662._o earl_n of_o callender_n contra_fw-la andrew_n monro_n 33._o the_o legal_a term_n of_o benefice_n and_o stipend_n whereby_o they_o be_v due_a to_o the_o incumbent_n be_v whitsonday_n at_o which_o the_o fruit_n be_v hold_v to_o be_v full_o sow_v and_o michaelmess_n at_o which_o they_o be_v presume_v to_o be_v full_o separate_v and_o therefore_o if_o the_o incumbent_n entry_n be_v before_o whitsonday_n he_o have_v that_o whole_a year_n so_o if_o he_o be_v depose_v or_o transport_v before_o whitsonday_n he_o have_v no_o part_n of_o that_o year_n if_o after_o whitsonday_n and_o before_o michaelmess_n he_o have_v the_o half_a july_n 24._o 1662._o mr._n patrick_n weims_n contra_fw-la cunninghame_n if_o after_o michaelmess_n he_o have_v the_o whole_a but_o if_o the_o incumbent_n die_v he_o have_v further_a interest_n in_o his_o benefice_n even_o after_o his_o death_n 34._o minister_n die_v their_o wife_n bairn_n or_o executor_n have_v the_o annat_n of_o their_o beneficeor_n stipend_n which_o be_v acknowledge_v to_o be_v their_o ancient_a right_n parl._n 1571._o cap._n 41._o whereby_o it_o be_v declare_v that_o benefice_a person_n die_v shall_v have_v right_a to_o the_o fruit_n of_o their_o benefice_n upon_o the_o ground_n and_o the_o annat_n thereafter_o to_o pertain_v to_o their_o executor_n but_o the_o question_n be_v what_o the_o annat_n import_v there_o be_v a_o letter_n concern_v it_o write_v by_o the_o king_n to_o the_o general_n assembly_n and_o ratify_v by_o they_o all_o do_v agree_v that_o if_o the_o incumbent_a die_n after_o michaelmess_n he_o have_v right_a to_o that_o whole_a year_n by_o his_o service_n and_o to_o the_o half_a of_o the_o next_o year_n by_o the_o annat_n but_o if_o he_o die_v before_o michaelmess_n he_o have_v right_a to_o the_o half_a of_o the_o stipend_n if_o he_o survive_v whitsonday_n proprio_fw-la jure_fw-la and_o to_o the_o other_o half_a as_o the_o ann_n which_o his_o executor_n have_v right_a to_o but_o all_o the_o question_n be_v when_o the_o incumbent_n do_v not_o only_o survive_v michaelmess_n whereby_o he_o have_v the_o half_a of_o the_o next_o year_n but_o if_o he_o survive_v the_o last_o of_o dec._n whether_o he_o have_v right_a to_o the_o whole_a stipend_n of_o that_o year_n as_o to_o which_o that_o rule_n have_v be_v sustain_v in_o favorabilibus_fw-la annus_fw-la incaptus_fw-la habetur_fw-la pro_fw-la completo_fw-la &_o therefore_o the_o ann_n be_v the_o who_o year_n which_o be_v so_o decide_v july_n 5._o 1662._o executor_n of_o mr._n james_n fairlie_n contra_fw-la his_o parochioner_n but_o the_o ann_n of_o bishop_n and_o minister_n be_v now_o bring_v to_o a_o much_o more_o equal_a way_n by_o act_n of_o 〈◊〉_d august_n 23._o 1672._o whereby_o it_o be_v statute_n that_o the_o ann_n in_o alltime_n thereafter_o shall_v be_v half_a a_o year_n rend_v of_o the_o benefice_n or_o stipend_n over_o and_o above_o what_o be_v due_a to_o the_o defunct_a for_o his_o incumbency_n viz._n if_o he_o survive_v whitsonday_n he_o shall_v have_v the_o half_a of_o that_o year_n for_o his_o incumbency_n and_o the_o other_o half_a for_o his_o ann_n and_o if_o he_o survive_v michaelmess_n he_o shall_v have_v the_o half_a of_o the_o next_o year_n for_o his_o ann_n whereas_o before_o if_o he_o survive_v michaelmess_n and_o live_v but_o till_o the_o last_o of_o december_n his_o ann_n be_v but_o the_o half_a of_o the_o next_o year_n but_o if_o he_o live_v till_o the_o first_o of_o january_n his_o ann_n be_v that_o whole_a year_n whereby_o the_o next_o incumbent_n have_v nothing_o to_o expect_v for_o a_o year_n during_o which_o the_o kirk_n be_v like_a to_o lie_v vacant_a the_o annat_n divide_v betwixt_o the_o relict_n and_o near_a of_o kin_n if_o there_o be_v no_o bairn_n and_o be_v extend_v to_o the_o profit_n of_o the_o gleib_n if_o there_o be_v no_o new_a intrant_fw-la july_n 19_o 1664._o elizabeth_n scrimzour_n relict_n of_o mr._n john_n murray_n contra_fw-la his_o executor_n but_o where_o there_o be_v a_o intrant_fw-la the_o gleib_n belong_v to_o he_o and_o be_v not_o part_n of_o the_o ann_n nor_o do_v belong_v to_o the_o former_a minister_n unless_o it_o have_v be_v sow_v by_o he_o and_o the_o crop_v upon_o it_o at_o the_o entry_n of_o the_o intrant_fw-la july_n 6._o 1665._o mr._n john_n colvil_n contra_fw-la lord_n balnterino_n where_o it_o be_v also_o find_v that_o the_o defunct_a have_v his_o ann_n though_o he_o have_v neither_o wife_n nor_o bairn_n 35._o to_o conclude_v this_o title_n with_o the_o interest_n of_o patron_n in_o benefice_n we_o have_v already_o show_v their_o original_a and_o kinds_a their_o interest_n in_o the_o benefice_n or_o stipend_n be_v first_o the_o right_a of_o presentation_n of_o a_o qualify_a person_n for_o the_o ministry_n who_o the_o presbytrie_n behove_v to_o try_v and_o admit_v if_o he_o be_v qualify_v whereanent_fw-la the_o patron_n may_v appeal_v to_o the_o synod_n and_o thence_o to_o the_o general_n assembly_n and_o if_o that_o person_n be_v still_o reject_v he_o must_v present_v another_o which_o must_v be_v do_v within_o six_o month_n after_o the_o vacancy_n may_v come_v to_o his_o knowledge_n otherways_o the_o kirk_n may_v admit_v a_o qualify_a person_n for_o that_o time_n par._n 1592._o cap._n 115._o par._n 1606._o cap._n 2._o par._n 1609._o cap._n 12._o since_o the_o restitution_n of_o bishop_n presentation_n must_v be_v direct_v to_o they_o in_o their_o several_a diocese_n second_o during_o the_o vacancy_n without_o the_o patron_n default_n but_o by_o the_o default_n of_o the_o presbytery_n refuse_v to_o admit_v a_o qualify_a person_n he_o have_v
to_o a_o executor_n creditor_n of_o the_o cedent_n even_o as_o to_o his_o own_o debt_n july_n 27._o 1669._o exeutor_n of_o mr._n thomas_n ridp_v contra_fw-la home_n as_o to_o the_o extent_n and_o effect_n of_o assignation_n the_o same_o extend_v to_o all_o personal_a right_n whether_o movable_a or_o heritable_a as_o to_o bond_n liferent_n tack_n reversion_n mail_n and_o duty_n annualrent_n and_o to_o disposition_n of_o land_n and_o other_o till_o infeftment_n follow_v but_o be_v no_o valid_a conveyance_n of_o any_o right_o complete_v by_o infeftment_n except_o liferent_n which_o can_v have_v no_o subaltern_a infeftment_n as_o to_o the_o ground_n right_v itself_o though_o it_o may_v extend_v to_o the_o profit_n thereof_o as_o to_o mail_n and_o duty_n and_o annualrent_n and_o to_o these_o no_o long_o than_o the_o right_n by_o infeftment_n stand_v in_o the_o cedent_n person_n whence_o there_o arise_v to_o he_o and_o to_o his_o assigney_n a_o personal_a obligement_n upon_o the_o possessor_n which_o fail_v as_o to_o all_o term_n after_o denunciation_n decem._n 17._o 1622._o kinbrachmount_n contra_fw-la sir_n william_n anstruther_n and_o a_o assignation_n to_o such_o a_o sum_n yearly_a out_o of_o teind_n be_v find_v exclude_v by_o a_o apprize_a of_o or_o assignation_n to_o the_o tack_v of_o these_o teind_n feb._n 6._o 1666._o watson_n 〈◊〉_d pleming_n assignation_n be_v effectual_a not_o only_o of_o such_o right_n as_o be_v grant_v to_o heir_n and_o assigney_n but_o general_o to_o all_o right_n though_o not_o mention_v assigney_n which_o by_o their_o nature_n be_v transmissible_a and_o therefore_o a_o annualrent_a by_o a_o father_n to_o his_o daughter_n wherein_o his_o brother_n and_o sister_n be_v substitute_n fail_v the_o heir_n of_o her_o body_n without_o mention_v her_o assigney_n and_o wherein_o the_o annualrent_n be_v redeemable_a by_o payment_n of_o a_o principal_a sum_n which_o she_o have_v no_o power_n to_o require_v unless_o she_o be_v marry_v the_o annualrent_n be_v find_v to_o belong_v to_o her_o assigney_n after_o her_o death_n be_v principal_o constitute_v and_o not_o accessary_a to_o the_o principal_a sum_n june_n 24._o 1679._o sir_n william_n stuart_n contra_fw-la sir_n thomas_n stuart_n and_o albeit_o superior_n be_v not_o oblige_v to_o receive_v singular_a successor_n without_o apprize_a or_o adjudication_n yet_o before_o infeftment_n assigney_n to_o the_o disposition_n grant_v by_o the_o superior_a may_v compel_v he_o to_o receive_v the_o assigney_n which_o be_v so_o find_v though_o the_o superior_a allege_a that_o the_o superior_a be_v not_o in_o good_a term_n with_o he_o decem._n 23._o 1673._o ogilbie_n contra_fw-la kinloch_n of_o bandach_n but_o reversion_n and_o tack_n in_o most_o case_n unassignable_a unless_o they_o be_v grant_v to_o assigney_n for_o albeit_o the_o assignation_n be_v a_o procuratory_n may_v give_v they_o interest_n to_o act_v procuratorio_fw-la nomine_fw-la for_o the_o cedent_fw-la yet_o they_o can_v act_v proprio_fw-la nomine_fw-la as_o procurator_n in_o rem_fw-la svam_fw-la therefore_o the_o oath_n of_o the_o cedent_fw-la will_v always_o be_v competent_a against_o they_o and_o they_o can_v obtain_v declarator_n of_o redemption_n in_o their_o own_o name_n or_o decreet_a for_o denude_v of_o the_o wodsetter_n in_o their_o favour_n neither_o can_v assigney_n to_o tack_n enter_v in_o possession_n by_o virtue_n thereof_o yea_o liferent-rights_a by_o infeftment_n or_o tack_v be_v so_o peculiar_a to_o the_o liferenter_fw-la that_o no_o assignation_n can_v state_n they_o in_o the_o assigneys_n person_n but_o only_o the_o profit_n thence_o arise_v so_o that_o in_o the_o assigneys_n person_n they_o be_v not_o liferent_n and_o therefore_o the_o liferent_n of_o wife_n which_o belong_v to_o their_o husband_n jure_fw-la mariti_fw-la as_o a_o legal_a assignation_n fall_v not_o under_o the_o husband_n liferent-escheat_n as_o they_o will_v fall_v under_o the_o liferent_a of_o the_o wife_n unmarried_a but_o under_o the_o single_a escheat_n vide_fw-la title_n 〈◊〉_d upon_o escheat_n upon_o which_o ground_n hope_v upon_o assignation_n observe_n that_o assignation_n to_o liferent-tack_n make_v they_o fall_v under_o the_o assigney_n single_a escheat_n in_o the_o case_n of_o sir_n robert_n k_fw-mi contra_fw-la john_n ker._n 17._o three_o a_o assignation_n to_o a_o sum_n carry_v with_o it_o the_o inhibition_n raise_v thereupon_o hope_v assignation_n walter_n hay_o contra_fw-la mark_v ker._n the_o like_a where_o only_o all_o action_n follow_v thereupon_o be_v express_v general_o june_n 28._o 1610._o blair_n contra_fw-la grace_n and_o a_o assignation_n to_o a_o bond_n find_v to_o carry_v a_o bond_n of_o corroboration_n of_o the_o foresay_a bond_n though_o not_o mention_v therein_o albeit_o the_o assignation_n bear_v not_o that_o ordinary_a clause_n with_o all_o that_o have_v follow_v or_o may_v follow_v thereupon_o which_o be_v but_o a_o explicatory_a clause_n of_o style_n of_o that_o which_o inne_v dejure_v february_n 3._o 1676._o bultie_n contra_fw-la earl_n of_o air_o 18._o four_o the_o effect_n of_o assignation_n be_v that_o the_o oath_n of_o the_o cedent_fw-la can_v prove_v against_o the_o assignee_n unless_o the_o matter_n have_v be_v litigious_a before_o the_o assignation_n or_o intimation_n as_o in_o the_o case_n after_o arrestment_n have_v be_v lay_v on_o and_o therefore_o a_o debtor_n have_v pursue_v the_o cedent_fw-la to_o annul_v the_o band_n upon_o a_o reason_n to_o be_v verify_v by_o the_o cedent_n oath_n before_o the_o assignee_n have_v intimate_fw-la the_o cedent_n oath_n be_v sustain_v february_n 15._o 1662._o pitfoddel_n contra_fw-la glenkindie_n and_o a_o assignee_n pursue_v in_o the_o cedent_n name_n and_o not_o in_o his_o own_o albeir_n he_o produccd_v his_o assignation_n in_o the_o process_n yet_o there_o be_v no_o other_o intimation_n thereof_o the_o cedent_n oath_n be_v admit_v against_o he_o feb._n 12._o 1678._o firazer_n contra_fw-la frazer_n of_o strichen_n july_n 26._o 1628._o john_n rule_n contra_fw-la laird_n of_o aitoun_n or_o if_o the_o assignation_n be_v gratuitous_a without_o a_o cause_n onerous_a the_o cedent_n oath_n will_v be_v competent_a in_o all_o case_n against_o the_o assignee_n june_n 16._o 1665._o william_n wright_n contra_fw-la george_n sheil_n june_n 13._o 1668._o jack_n contra_fw-la mowat_n but_o the_o oath_n of_o the_o cedent_fw-la will_v prove_v against_o the_o assignee_n in_o england_n as_o to_o assignation_n make_v by_o residenter_n there_o june_n 28._o 1666._o mcmorland_n contra_fw-la william_n melvil_n 19_o five_o assignation_n be_v intimate_fw-la during_o the_o cedent_n life_n have_v summar_n execution_n and_o the_o assignee_n get_v protestation_n against_o a_o suspension_n raise_v against_o the_o cedent_fw-la after_o the_o cedent_n death_n without_o walkn_v or_o transference_n and_o thereupon_o all_o execution_n will_v proceed_v summary_o by_o horning_n poind_v apprize_a even_o after_o his_o death_n hope_v assignation_n lady_n craigmiller_n contra_fw-la stevinson_n otherways_o it_o will_v yield_v but_o a_o ordinary_a action_n jan._n 23._o 1624._o inter_fw-la eosdem_fw-la the_o same_o be_v find_v and_o that_o there_o need_v no_o confirmation_n july_n 27._o 1664._o mr._n john_n murehead_n contra_fw-la yea_o though_o it_o be_v a_o assignation_n by_o a_o father_n to_o his_o son_n of_o all_o his_o good_n and_o debt_n yet_o action_n be_v sustain_v thereupon_o without_o confirmation_n june_n 25._o 1663._o james_n halyburtoun_n contra_fw-la earl_n of_o roxburgh_n but_o where_o there_o be_v no_o delivery_n the_o assignation_n of_o all_o the_o good_n be_v not_o find_v to_o give_v action_n without_o confirmation_n june_n 23._o 1665._o procurator-fiscal_a of_o edinburgh_n contra_fw-la thomas_n fairholm_n or_o where_o there_o be_v reservation_n to_o the_o disponer_n to_o dispone_v otherways_o during_o his_o life_n july_n 4._o 1665_o commissar_n of_o saint_n andrews_n contra_fw-la hay_n of_o bowsie_a but_o since_o the_o restitution_n of_o bishop_n and_o revive_v of_o the_o quot_n action_n be_v sustain_v upon_o assignation_n not_o intimate_fw-la in_o the_o cedent_n life_n if_o they_o be_v special_a the_o pursuer_fw-mi always_o confirm_v before_o the_o decreet_a be_v extract_v 20_o except_o in_o the_o matter_n of_o probation_n all_o exception_n competent_a against_o the_o cedent_fw-la before_o the_o assignation_n or_o intimation_n be_v relevant_a against_o the_o assigney_n as_o payment_n compensation_n etc._n etc._n which_o be_v find_v even_o as_o to_o assigneysto_o tack_n that_o the_o tacks-mans_n back-bond_n be_v sufficient_a against_o his_o singular_a successor_n by_o assignation_n decem._n 18._o 1668._o mr._n robert_n swintoun_n contra_fw-la john_n brown_n this_o be_v clear_a when_o exception_n relate_v to_o the_o matter_n in_o question_n 21._o assignation_n to_o incomplete_a real_a right_n as_o appryzing_n disposition_n of_o land_n before_o infeftment_n be_v affect_v with_o the_o assigneys_n back-bond_n if_o the_o competition_n come_v in_o before_o infeftment_n inhibition_n be_v use_v or_o legal_a diligence_n that_o make_v the_o matter_n litigious_a and_o therefore_o the_o back-bond_n of_o a_o asigney_n to_o a_o
heir_n of_o conquest_n and_o the_o other_o retain_v the_o common_a name_n of_o the_o heir_n of_o line_n conquest_n be_v feudum_fw-la novum_fw-la whereunto_o the_o defunct_a do_v not_o succeed_v as_o heir_n to_o any_o person_n or_o whereunto_o the_o defunct_a can_v not_o succeed_v as_o heir_n for_o if_o that_o be_v dispone_v to_o he_o by_o the_o defunct_a whereunto_o he_o will_v have_v succeed_v it_o be_v but_o preceptio_fw-la haereditatis_fw-la and_o so_o remain_v to_o be_v repute_n as_o heritage_n to_o descend_v to_o the_o young_a and_o not_o to_o ascend_v to_o the_o elder_a as_o craig_n observe_v lib._n 2._o dieg_n 15._o such_o heritage_n be_v rare_a and_o befall_v only_o by_o tailzie_n or_o provision_n among_o middle_a brethren_n because_o the_o elder_a by_o primogeniture_n exclude_v the_o rest_n from_o be_v heir_n of_o line_n but_o it_o may_v befall_v in_o case_n of_o the_o heir_n of_o line_n when_o the_o near_a successor_n be_v the_o father_n or_o grandfather_n brother_n or_o their_o issue_n there_o be_v elder_a and_o young_a brother_n but_o conquest_n be_v frequent_a because_o not_o only_o that_o which_o be_v acquire_v proper_o by_o the_o mean_n and_o industry_n of_o the_o defunct_a but_o that_o which_o be_v by_o gift_n of_o the_o defunct_n parent_n or_o any_o other_o or_o whatsoever_o the_o defunct_a can_v not_o succeed_v to_o be_v conquest_n yet_o if_o the_o heir_n of_o conquest_n succeed_v that_o which_o be_v conquest_n become_v heritage_n and_o descend_v as_o if_o there_o be_v four_o brother_n and_o the_o three_o acquire_v land_n die_v without_o issue_n the_o second_o will_v be_v his_o heir_n therein_o who_o if_o he_o die_v also_o infeft_v the_o land_n will_v fall_v downward_o to_o the_o young_a brother_n and_o not_o upward_o to_o the_o elder_a brother_n the_o custom_n of_o england_n be_v contrary_a for_o thereby_o the_o elder_a brother_n succee_v to_o all_o his_o brother_n faill_v the_o issue_n but_o with_o we_o the_o immediate_a elder_n or_o young_a do_v always_o succeed_v though_o of_o different_a marriage_n none_o of_o they_o be_v brothersgerman_n and_o therefore_o in_o the_o case_n propose_v by_o craig_n lib._n 2._o 〈◊〉_d 15._o in_o fine_a of_o a_o brother_n by_o a_o second_o marriage_n die_v without_o issue_n and_o have_v three_o brother_n of_o a_o former_a marriage_n no_o doubt_n the_o young_a will_v succeed_v according_a to_o the_o opinion_n of_o oliphant_n and_o king_n there_o relate_v albeit_o that_o craig_n opinion_n be_v that_o the_o elder_a will_v succeed_v it_o be_v so_o decide_v contrary_a craig_n opinion_n july_n 20._o 1664._o laird_n of_o clerkington_n contra_fw-la stewart_n heir_n of_o conquest_n succeed_v not_o only_o to_o land_n conquest_n by_o their_o immediate_a predecessor_n but_o in_o other_o heritable_a right_n pass_v by_o infeftment_n as_o annualrent_a or_o such_o as_o be_v heritable_a by_o distination_n and_o which_o be_v accomplish_v by_o infeftment_n as_o desposition_n of_o land_n or_o annualrent_n appryzing_n or_o adjudication_n etc._n etc._n the_o like_a where_o a_o annualrent_n be_v first_o dispone_v and_o a_o clause_n of_o requisition_n and_o reversion_n subjoin_v july_n 7._o 1675._o robertson_n contra_fw-la lord_n halkertoun_n and_o in_o reversion_n hope_v de_fw-fr successionibus_fw-la heir_n of_o pitcairne_n but_o in_o this_o case_n it_o be_v not_o clear_v whether_o the_o land_n give_v in_o wodset_n be_v heritage_n or_o conquest_n but_o it_o seem_v if_o the_o land_n have_v be_v heritage_n as_o they_o be_v wodset_v the_o reversion_n will_v also_o belong_v to_o the_o heir_n of_o line_n as_o the_o land_n whereto_o it_o be_v accessary_a will_v yea_o heir_n of_o conquest_n succeed_v in_o heritable_a band_n bear_v clause_n of_o annualrent_a as_o be_v find_v among_o the_o heir_n of_o doctor_n craig_n but_o the_o heir_n of_o line_n and_o not_o the_o heir_n of_o conquest_n succeed_v in_o tack_n acquire_v by_o the_o defunct_a hope_v succession_n earl_n of_o dumbars_n heir_n june_n 23._o 1663._o ferguson_n contra_fw-la ferguson_n the_o heir_n of_o lyne_n do_v also_o succeed_v in_o pension_n or_o any_o other_o right_o not_o require_v infeftment_n as_o in_o these_o which_o have_v a_o tract_n of_o time_n after_o the_o defunct_n death_n do_v thereby_o exclude_v executor_n and_o do_v belong_v to_o the_o heir_n of_o line_n and_o not_o of_o conquest_n though_o they_o be_v acquire_v the_o heir_n of_o line_n and_o not_o the_o heir_n of_o conquest_n fall_v to_o be_v tutor_n or_o near_a agnat_n to_o the_o pupil_n to_o who_o the_o heir_n of_o line_n may_v succeed_v the_o heir_n of_o line_n have_v right_a to_o the_o heirship_n movable_a and_o not_o the_o heir_n of_o conquest_n 11._o heirs-portioners_a be_v among_o heir_n of_o line_n for_o when_o more_o woman_n or_o their_o issue_n succeed_v fail_v male_n of_o that_o degree_n it_o be_v by_o the_o course_n of_o law_n that_o they_o succeed_v and_o because_o they_o succeee_v not_o in_o solidum_fw-la but_o in_o equal_a portion_n they_o be_v call_v heirs-portioners_a and_o though_o they_o succeed_v equal_o yet_o right_n indivisible_a fall_n to_o the_o elder_a alone_a without_o any_o thing_n in_o lieu_n thereof_o to_o the_o rest_n as_o first_o dignity_n of_o lord_n earl_n etc._n etc._n 2._o the_o principal_a manse_n be_v tower_n fortalice_n etc._n etc._n which_o do_v not_o extend_v to_o house_n in_o burgh_n nor_o to_o ordinary_a country-house_n the_o former_a be_v divisible_a the_o latter_a fall_n under_o division_n as_o pertinent_o of_o the_o land_n whereupon_o they_o stand_v and_o be_v not_o as_o separata_fw-la jura_fw-la or_o distinct_a right_n 3._o superiority_n be_v account_v indivisible_a and_o befall_v only_o to_o the_o elder_a daughter_n and_o her_o issue_n and_o thereby_o all_o the_o casualty_n of_o the_o superiority_n either_o precede_a or_o follow_v the_o defunct_n death_n as_o ward_n relief_n marriage_n of_o the_o vassal_n heir_n nonentry_n liferent_a escheat_n etc._n etc._n the_o reason_n be_v because_o the_o vassal_n condition_n ought_v not_o to_o be_v worsted_n and_o make_v subject_n to_o many_o superior_n by_o such_o succession_n craig_n lib._n 2._o dieg_n 14._o except_v the_o superiority_n of_o feu_n land_n the_o feu_fw-fr duty_n whereof_o be_v divisible_a among_o all_o the_o heirs-portioners_a yet_o the_o former_a reason_n of_o the_o indivisibility_n of_o the_o superiority_n in_o respect_n of_o the_o vassal_n interest_n reach_v feu_n superiority_n as_o well_o as_o other_o and_o it_o be_v hardly_o conceivable_a how_o superiority_n shall_v belong_v to_o the_o elder_a and_o yet_o the_o feu_fw-fr duty_n divide_v to_o the_o rest_n see_v the_o superiority_n as_o be_v dominium_fw-la directum_fw-la be_v the_o only_a title_n for_o poind_v the_o ground_n or_o pursue_v the_o possessor_n or_o intrometter_n with_o the_o fruit_n thereof_o it_o seem_v for_o the_o reason_n adduce_v the_o superiority_n and_o therewith_o the_o feu_fw-fr duty_n befall_v to_o the_o elder_a yet_o so_o because_o the_o feu_fw-fr duty_n be_v constant_a and_o liquid_a and_o be_v not_o like_o the_o other_o casualty_n of_o superiority_n which_o be_v illiquid_fw-la and_o accidental_a therefore_o the_o other_o heirs-portioners_a aught_o to_o have_v compensation_n for_o their_o part_n of_o the_o feu_fw-fr duty_n in_o or_o off_o other_o proper_a land_n or_o if_o there_o be_v more_o superiority_n of_o feu_n land_n so_o that_o some_o of_o the_o superiority_n may_v befall_v one_o heir_n and_o other_o to_o other_o heir_n no_o particular_a superiority_n be_v divide_v or_o the_o vassal_n make_v vassal_n to_o many_o superior_n i_o conceive_v it_o will_v be_v allow_v or_o otherways_o the_o elder_a co-heir_n will_v be_v dicern_v to_o infeft_v the_o rest_n in_o annualrent_n out_o of_o the_o fee_n correspondent_a to_o their_o share_n of_o the_o feu_fw-fr duty_n a_o vassal_n heir_n though_o the_o defunct_a have_v take_v infeftment_n of_o more_o heirs-portioners_a be_v not_o find_v oblige_v to_o take_v infeftment_n of_o some_o of_o they_o several_o but_o either_o of_o all_o joint_o or_o the_o elder_a july_n 30._o 1678._o lady_n luss_n contra_fw-la inglis_n how_o far_o heirs-portioners_a succeed_v passive_a and_o be_v liable_a for_o the_o defunct_n debt_n shall_v forthwith_o appear_v 12._o heir_n male_a and_o of_o tailzie_n and_o provision_n succeed_v not_o by_o law_n but_o by_o the_o tenor_n of_o the_o infeftment_n or_o provision_n and_o therefore_o have_v that_o benefit_n and_o no_o more_o which_o be_v so_o provide_v to_o they_o or_o which_o be_v accessary_a thereto_o whereby_o any_o right_a or_o security_n of_o land_n or_o other_o befalling_a to_o these_o heir_n which_o be_v thereafter_o acquire_v by_o their_o predecessor_n though_o the_o same_o be_v acquire_v to_o he_o and_o his_o heir_n whatsoever_o yet_o the_o same_o will_v befall_v with_o the_o principal_a right_n to_o which_o it_o be_v accessary_a to_o the_o heir_n male_a or_o of_o tailzie_n or_o provision_n as_o if_o a_o proprietar_n infeft_v himself_o or_o his_o heir_n