a_o essay_n concern_v self-murder_n wherein_o be_v endeavour_v to_o prove_v that_o it_o be_v unlawful_a according_a to_o natural_a principle_n with_o some_o consideration_n upon_o what_o be_v pretend_v from_o the_o say_a principle_n by_o the_o author_n of_o a_o treatise_n entitle_v biathanatos_n and_o other_o by_o j._n adam_n rector_n of_o st._n alban_n woodstreet_n and_o chaplain_n in_o ordinary_a to_o his_o majesty_n london_n print_v for_o tho._n bennet_n at_o the_o half-moon_n in_o st._n paul_n churchyard_n 1700._o to_o the_o reverend_n dr._n godolphin_n provost_n of_o eton_n college_n sir_n there_o be_v few_o address_n of_o this_o kind_n where_o the_o writer_n consider_v the_o reputation_n of_o the_o person_n he_o apply_v to_o half_o so_o much_o as_o his_o own_o for_o though_o the_o gratitude_n from_o whence_o they_o flow_v may_v be_v sincere_a yet_o they_o be_v likewise_o very_o glad_a that_o the_o world_n shall_v know_v their_o friend_n or_o patron_n if_o something_o of_o this_o shall_v be_v lay_v to_o my_o charge_n i_o can_v hardly_o acquit_v myself_o since_o it_o be_v not_o i_o confess_v without_o some_o pride_n that_o i_o acknowlâ—…ge_v thus_o public_o the_o great_a obligation_n which_o i_o have_v to_o you_o however_o i_o must_v say_v that_o this_o be_v not_o the_o only_a ground_n of_o my_o apply_v to_o you_o for_o have_v undertake_v the_o defence_n of_o humane_a life_n it_o will_v not_o have_v be_v sufficient_a to_o have_v show_v that_o god_n reserve_v to_o himself_o the_o absolute_a propriety_n of_o it_o and_o that_o he_o impart_v it_o to_o man_n for_o a_o great_a and_o noble_a end_n unless_o i_o have_v give_v some_o instance_n how_o valuable_a how_o glorious_a it_o may_v become_v by_o a_o constant_a pursuit_n of_o that_o end_n where_o then_o can_v i_o have_v meet_v with_o so_o full_a a_o instance_n to_o this_o purpose_n as_o in_o the_o example_n of_o your_o life_n where_o such_o strength_n of_o reason_n be_v guide_v so_o regular_o by_o revelation_n and_o every_o virtue_n improud_v and_o adorn_v by_o primitive_a piety_n thus_o your_o name_n support_v my_o argument_n at_o the_o same_o time_n that_o it_o be_v necessary_a for_o my_o protection_n who_o have_v attack_v a_o error_n of_o so_o much_o reputation_n and_o which_o be_v set_v off_o with_o all_o the_o pompous_a boast_n of_o reason_n courage_n honour_n and_o liberty_n by_o which_o man_n choose_v to_o be_v mislead_v rather_o than_o guide_v by_o revelation_n till_o after_o the_o loss_n of_o health_n estate_n and_o a_o good_a conscience_n they_o be_v drive_v to_o seek_v for_o ease_n in_o self-murder_n among_o other_o pretence_n which_o have_v be_v bring_v to_o justify_v this_o act_n one_o of_o the_o most_o popular_a be_v the_o example_n of_o the_o roman_n i_o have_v endeavour_v to_o give_v some_o account_n when_o it_o first_o grow_v in_o vogue_n among_o they_o and_o what_o viâ—…es_v and_o opinion_n make_v way_n for_o it_o how_o from_o a_o people_n natural_o religious_a brave_a and_o disintere_v above_o corruption_n as_o much_o as_o cowardice_n they_o fall_v firstinto_o atheism_n and_o from_o thence_o into_o luxury_n bribery_n and_o treachery_n public_a poverty_n and_o private_a extortion_n which_o end_v at_o last_o in_o the_o slavery_n and_o ruin_n of_o that_o great_a nation_n i_o can_v not_o consider_v this_o without_o a_o melancholic_a reflection_n upon_o my_o own_o country_n formerly_z not_o unlike_o the_o other_o in_o its_o virtue_n as_o its_o enemy_n will_v confess_v for_o their_o own_o credit_n but_o alas_o now_o too_o like_o it_o in_o its_o vice_n as_o its_o best_a friend_n must_v be_v force_v to_o own_o what_o can_v save_v it_o from_o the_o same_o calamity_n but_o the_o restore_n that_o lose_a zeal_n for_o religion_n and_o virtue_n and_o sincere_a love_n of_o the_o public_a good_a and_o what_o one_o family_n can_v contribute_v more_o to_o this_o than_o your_o own_o where_o at_o this_o time_n be_v to_o be_v find_v such_o excellent_a qualification_n for_o support_n and_o ornament_n both_o of_o the_o church_n and_o state_n may_v that_o good_a providence_n which_o upon_o all_o occasion_n have_v be_v so_o favourable_a to_o this_o nation_n make_v you_o his_o happy_a instrument_n to_o this_o purpose_n sir_n your_o most_o humble_a and_o most_o faithful_a servant_n john_n adam_n the_o content_n chap._n i._n man_z consider_v in_o the_o individual_a and_o the_o state_n of_o nature_n of_o humane_a life_n what_o and_o from_o whence_o it_o be_v where_o the_o absolute_a propriety_n of_o it_o be_v to_o be_v place_v page_n 3._o chap._n ii_o concern_v the_o true_a end_n or_o design_n of_o humane_a life_n and_o what_o it_o be_v to_o follow_v nature_n pag._n 11._o chap._n iii_o man_n consider_v as_o a_o member_n of_o civil_a society_n self-murder_n prove_v to_o be_v destructive_a to_o civil_a society_n from_o which_o and_o what_o be_v say_v before_o conclude_v to_o be_v a_o act_n of_o the_o great_a injustice_n and_o therefore_o unlawful_a pag._n 23._o chap._n iu._n of_o the_o rise_n and_o obligation_n of_o self-preservation_n some_o objection_n against_o it_o remove_v how_o far_o humane_a life_n may_v be_v just_o value_v or_o despise_v pag._n 33._o chap._n v._n who_o they_o be_v chief_o that_o maintain_v this_o act_n to_o be_v lawful_a the_o stoic_n the_o author_n of_o biathanatos_n method_n propose_v for_o the_o answer_a objection_n some_o general_a one_o consider_v which_o be_v bring_v against_o self-preservation_n as_o confess_v to_o be_v a_o law_n of_o nature_n pag._n 48._o chap._n vi_o such_o objection_n consider_v as_o be_v offer_v against_o the_o law_n of_o self-preservation_n with_o particular_a relation_n to_o what_o have_v be_v say_v concern_v god_n propriety_n of_o humane_a life_n and_o which_o either_o direct_o deny_v this_o propriety_n or_o else_o allow_v it_o pretend_v that_o a_o man_n may_v notwithstanding_o this_o kill_v himself_o lawful_o by_o god_n dispenfation_n dismission_n call_v or_o summons_n pag._n 50._o chap._n vii_o other_o objection_n answer_v by_o which_o they_o will_v introduce_v a_o different_a end_n of_o humane_a life_n as_o the_o measure_n of_o self-preservation_n and_o then_o suppose_v that_o this_o end_n do_v cease_v whensoever_o a_o man_n reason_n tell_v he_o that_o it_o do_v so_o will_v from_o hence_o infer_v that_o his_o obligation_n to_o preserve_v life_n do_v cease_v also_o pag._n 73._o chap._n viii_o examination_n of_o such_o objection_n as_o be_v bring_v to_o invalidate_v what_o be_v say_v above_o as_o to_o man_n be_v a_o member_n of_o civil_a society_n and_o the_o vnlawfulness_n of_o self-murder_n in_o this_o regard_n also_o application_n to_o the_o coroner_n inquest_n in_o this_o case_n pag._n 94_o chap._n ix_o transition_n to_o the_o remain_a part_n of_o this_o treatise_n with_o a_o short_a view_n osâ—…it_fw-la the_o authority_n of_o example_n consider_v several_a instance_n of_o law_n and_o custom_n of_o many_o country_n in_o the_o behalf_n of_o self-murder_n examine_v particular_o such_o as_o relate_v to_o the_o roman_n that_o nothing_o can_v be_v borught_v from_o hence_o to_o prove_v self-murder_n to_o be_v natural_a pag._n 131._o chap._n x._o the_o rise_n and_o progress_n of_o the_o stoic_n a_o short_a account_n of_o their_o philosophy_n when_o and_o for_o what_o reason_n it_o spread_v among_o the_o roman_n that_o the_o doctrine_n of_o self-murder_n be_v inconsistent_a with_o their_o other_o principle_n as_o prove_v by_o instance_n from_o their_o great_a author_n seneca_n epictetus_n and_o antoninus_n with_o a_o brief_a character_n of_o each_o pag._n 157._o chap._n xi_o gato_n case_n consider_v in_o particular_a his_o character_n his_o enmity_n against_o caesar_n the_o several_a circumstance_n of_o his_o death_n what_o be_v probable_o the_o true_a cause_n of_o it_o and_o of_o the_o great_a encomium_n which_o be_v give_v he_o afterward_o pag._n 186._o chap._n xii_o concern_v courage_n what_o the_o nature_n object_n and_o use_v of_o it_o be_v as_o humane_a the_o mistake_v concern_v it_o and_o the_o occasion_n of_o they_o that_o self-murder_n be_v not_o the_o natural_a effect_n of_o true_a courage_n pag._n 208._o chap._n xiii_o of_o honour_n that_o this_o be_v twofold_a either_o inward_a a_o principle_n of_o virtue_n or_o outward_a from_o the_o applause_n which_o follow_v upon_o the_o other_o that_o neither_o of_o these_o can_v ever_o require_v self-murder_n the_o mistake_v concern_v honour_n which_o occasion_n it_o objection_n answer_v and_o some_o particular_a case_n consider_v pag._n 225._o chap_n fourteen_o liberty_n the_o last_o plea_n for_o self-murder_n examine_v the_o several_a signification_n of_o the_o word_n of_o that_o liberty_n in_o general_n which_o man_n have_v as_o to_o his_o action_n that_o this_o can_v afford_v no_o pretence_n for_o self-murder_n that_o whatever_o calamity_n what_o grief_n or_o pain_n soever_o afflict_v the_o soul_n or_o may_v be_v suppose_v to_o enslave_v it_o man_n have_v no_o authority_n to_o
the_o indulge_v of_o their_o appetite_n and_o passion_n to_o be_v the_o only_a end_n of_o their_o life_n and_o therefore_o have_v no_o sense_n of_o justice_n or_o goodness_n towards_o other_o 2._o when_o man_n suffer_v death_n upon_o the_o account_n of_o virtue_n this_o do_v not_o prove_v any_o dispensation_n needful_a as_o to_o self-preservation_n as_o though_o they_o bring_v their_o own_o death_n upon_o themselves_o they_o will_v live_v if_o they_o may_v be_v permit_v but_o they_o will_v not_o forfeit_v their_o reason_n and_o their_o virtue_n to_o preserve_v life_n because_o these_o be_v the_o thing_n for_o who_o sake_n alone_o life_n be_v bestow_v and_o the_o observe_n of_o which_o be_v the_o most_o proper_a way_n which_o god_n design_v by_o nature_n to_o preserve_v life_n by_o and_o if_o it_o be_v not_o preserve_v according_o it_o be_v through_o the_o crime_n of_o such_o as_o invade_v it_o not_o any_o of_o their_o own_o but_o suppose_v that_o a_o dispensation_n may_v be_v reasonable_a in_o some_o particular_a case_n yet_o ii_o when_o propriety_n of_o the_o great_a importance_n be_v concern_v where_o the_o law_n that_o secure_v it_o be_v confess_v and_o acknowledge_v where_o a_o mistake_n may_v be_v easy_o commit_v and_o yet_o can_v never_o be_v recover_v no_o dispensation_n can_v be_v sufficient_a but_o such_o as_o come_v from_o the_o proprietor_n the_o lawgiver_n himself_o and_o which_o evident_o appear_v by_o some_o plain_a and_o positive_a manifestation_n of_o his_o will_n to_o do_v so_o propriety_n be_v of_o so_o nice_a and_o tender_a a_o nature_n that_o when_o it_o be_v to_o be_v make_v over_o all_o the_o care_n imaginable_a be_v use_v that_o the_o do_v so_o may_v appear_v plain_o and_o undeniable_o to_o be_v voluntary_a therefore_o not_o only_o several_a outward_a action_n but_o also_o several_a witness_n of_o those_o action_n be_v require_v upon_o such_o occasion_n now_o if_o this_o be_v so_o where_o thing_n of_o very_a little_a importance_n be_v concern_v how_o much_o more_o reasonable_a must_v this_o caution_n be_v where_o god_n himself_o be_v the_o proprietor_n so_o good_a so_o gracious_a so_o just_a so_o powerful_a a_o be_v and_o where_o humane_a life_n be_v the_o thing_n in_o question_n in_o which_o so_o many_o person_n may_v be_v concerâ—…d_v and_o which_o may_v be_v of_o such_o unspeakable_a value_n to_o he_o that_o have_v it_o if_o the_o end_n of_o it_o be_v faithful_o observe_v for_o what_o can_v make_v man_n more_o happy_a or_o more_o glorious_a what_o can_v exalt_v he_o high_o above_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o creation_n or_o near_o to_o the_o divine_a nature_n than_o the_o continual_a discovery_n of_o eternal_a truth_n and_o the_o regulate_v of_o his_o passion_n and_o desire_n according_o than_o the_o improve_n of_o other_o by_o example_n and_o information_n and_o be_v the_o help_n and_o pleasure_n of_o a_o great_a part_n of_o mankind_n life_n be_v the_o opportunity_n of_o be_v all_o this_o shall_v that_o then_o be_v rash_o throw_v away_o by_o self-murder_n especial_o since_o mistake_v in_o other_o matter_n may_v be_v recover_v again_o at_o least_o some_o amends_o be_v make_v for_o they_o but_o here_o the_o error_n be_v irrecoverable_a the_o offender_n be_v incapable_a of_o make_v any_o satisfaction_n wherefore_o who_o that_o consider_v this_o can_v suppose_v that_o it_o be_v sufficient_a for_o any_o man_n to_o 112._o to_o biath_n p._n 4â—…_n ib._n p._n 112._o think_v that_o he_o may_v despence_v with_o himself_o or_o to_o fancy_n that_o god_n have_v constitute_v he_o his_o officer_n or_o commissioner_n how_o do_v this_o appear_v produce_v the_o warrant_n prove_v the_o commission_n by_o undeniable_a authority_n and_o then_o but_o not_o otherwise_o then_o let_v it_o be_v obey_v nor_o be_v it_o sufficient_a to_o say_v in_o this_o case_n that_o although_o it_o shall_v be_v a_o error_n to_o kill_v one_o self_n upon_o such_o a_o opinion_n yet_o this_o be_v such_o a_o error_n as_o may_v proceed_v from_o 〈◊〉_d good_a conscience_n because_o where_o the_o pâ—…_n priety_n be_v doubtful_a and_o yet_o the_o thing_n iâ—…_n question_v actual_o alienate_v it_o can_v be_v no_o good_a plea_n to_o say_v that_o this_o be_v do_v with_o integrity_n no_o mistake_v can_v be_v excusable_a where_o there_o be_v no_o authority_n to_o venture_v and_o yet_o in_o this_o case_n the_o propriety_n be_v not_o doubtful_a but_o acknowledge_v to_o be_v god_n and_o in_o the_o act_n of_o self-murder_n the_o same_o propriety_n be_v not_o only_o alienate_v but_o destroy_v and_o therefore_o therâ—…_n can_v be_v no_o just_a plea_n for_o the_o lawfulness_n of_o so_o do_v but_o the_o plain_a and_o express_a manifestation_n of_o god_n will_n and_o this_o can_v be_v have_v no_o other_o way_n than_o by_o evident_a revelation_n because_o no_o warrant_n but_o such_o as_o be_v above_o nature_n can_v be_v sussicient_a to_o despence_v with_o law_n of_o nature_n if_o it_o be_v say_v that_o natural_a fâ—…vents_n be_v the_o manifestation_n of_o god_n will_n that_o when_o such_o event_n as_o loss_n of_o liberty_n or_o sense_n incurable_a pain_n poverty_n or_o disgrace_n come_v upon_o a_o man_n any_o olympiodor_n any_o so_o the_o stoic_n teach_v always_o diog._n lacrt._n ut_fw-la sup._n p._n 195._o &_o li_n manuduct_n ad_fw-la stoic_n phil._n lib._n 3._o diâ—…ert_n 22_o â—…3_n &_o olympiodor_n one_o of_o these_o be_v a_o sussicient_a proof_n that_o god_n dismiss_v call_v or_o summon_v that_o man_n from_o lise_n this_o bring_v i_o to_o the_o next_o thing_n i_o propose_v to_o show_v iii_o that_o no_o natural_a event_n be_v such_o a_o manifestation_n of_o god_n will_n whereby_o any_o man_n can_v be_v assure_v that_o he_o be_v call_v dismiss_v or_o summon_v from_o life_n or_o that_o god_n have_v choose_v he_o himself_o for_o his_o commissioner_n or_o officer_n to_o destroy_v it_o there_o be_v no_o event_n indeed_o but_o be_v a_o manifestation_n of_o god_n will._n the_o worst_a event_n be_v so_o as_o much_o as_o the_o best_a but_o to_o what_o end_n be_v they_o so_o that_o we_o shall_v bear_v they_o with_o patience_n and_o humility_n be_v not_o be_v avoid_v by_o lawful_a mean_n not_o that_o we_o shall_v decline_v they_o refuse_v they_o or_o run_v away_o from_o they_o by_o any_o mean_n though_o never_o so_o unlawful_a and_o since_o the_o manifestation_n of_o god_n will_n against_o a_o know_a law_n of_o nature_n must_v be_v clear_a and_o distinct_a as_o have_v be_v show_v how_o can_v it_o be_v demonstrate_v to_o be_v so_o from_o any_o of_o the_o event_n above_o mention_v the_o great_a difficulty_n or_o rather_o the_o impossibility_n of_o this_o will_v appear_v if_o we_o consider_v the_o follow_a reason_n 1._o that_o many_o thousand_o person_n have_v suffer_v under_o the_o same_o event_n and_o withal_o to_o such_o a_o degree_n as_o to_o be_v very_o willing_a very_o desirous_a to_o die_v and_o yet_o some_o of_o these_o have_v ever_o think_v and_o none_o of_o they_o have_v be_v ever_o full_o satisfy_v that_o these_o be_v any_o sign_n os_fw-la god_n dismiss_v summon_v or_o call_v they_o from_o life_n how_o then_o can_v any_o one_o particular_a person_n be_v assure_v that_o they_o be_v so_o to_o he_o or_o why_o shall_v he_o suppose_v that_o he_o alone_o can_v discern_v far_o into_o the_o will_n of_o god_n against_o a_o confess_v and_o establish_v law_n by_o any_o occasional_a and_o natural_a event_n than_o so_o many_o person_n many_o of_o which_o may_v be_v reasonable_o allow_v to_o be_v great_a and_o wise_a than_o himself_o can_v do_v by_o the_o very_a same_o especial_o since_o 2._o these_o very_a event_n upon_o which_o he_o ground_n his_o authority_n have_v be_v frequent_o change_v in_o a_o short_a time_n and_o such_o as_o be_v direct_o contrary_a as_o sound_a health_n great_a riches_n and_o honour_n be_v long_o enjoy_v by_o the_o same_o person_n all_o which_o have_v be_v lose_v if_o they_o shall_v have_v think_v sit_v to_o have_v murder_v themselves_o 3._o that_o which_o be_v natural_o unlawful_a or_o evil_a in_o itself_o as_o self-murder_n be_v in_o regard_n of_o god_n propriety_n etc._n etc._n can_v never_o be_v suppose_v to_o become_v lawful_a upon_o the_o account_n of_o any_o event_n whatsoever_o that_o be_v natural_a now_o all_o pain_n poverty_n etc._n etc._n have_v its_o natural_a cause_n and_o consequent_o can_v be_v a_o sufficient_a dispensation_n to_o destroy_v life_n 4._o furthermore_o as_o to_o the_o end_n of_o humane_a lise_n no_o such_o event_n as_o we_o have_v be_v speak_v of_o can_v be_v look_v upon_o as_o dispensation_n from_o the_o pursue_n of_o this_o end_n because_o this_o be_v natural_o farther_v by_o these_o very_a event_n and_o the_o great_a calamity_n have_v be_v the_o occasion_n of_o wake_a reason_n and_o make_v the_o soul_n exert_v itself_o in_o several_a virtue_n which_o otherwise_o it_o can_v not_o
law_n due_o and_o constant_o in_o execution_n which_o be_v provide_v in_o this_o case_n will_v not_o be_v of_o very_o great_a force_n to_o put_v a_o stop_n to_o this_o evil_n the_o consideration_n of_o shame_n alone_o 96._o alone_o biath_n p._n 96._o do_v this_o heretofore_o in_o the_o case_n of_o the_o milesian_n and_o the_o roman_n also_o under_o tarqvinius_n priscus_n our_o law_n then_o may_v do_v this_o more_o effectual_o which_o allow_v but_o the_o same_o burial_n which_o other_o felon_n have_v and_o require_v the_o forfeiture_n of_o the_o personal_a estate_n have_v not_o only_o the_o natural_a tie_n of_o shame_n but_o a_o much_o strong_a that_o of_o tenderness_n to_o their_o posterity_n to_o restrain_v such_o rash_a and_o melancholy_a creature_n by_o and_o this_o lead_v i_o to_o apply_v myself_o particular_o to_o the_o coroner_n and_o his_o inquest_n upon_o these_o sad_a occasion_n for_o although_o somewhat_o of_o this_o kind_n have_v be_v do_v late_o by_o a_o ingenious_a 10._o 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any_o honest_a man_n to_o make_v true_a presentment_n deliver_v in_o his_o verdict_n in_o such_o a_o case_n impartial_o yet_o it_o be_v find_v to_o be_v otherwise_o by_o experience_n wherefore_o 2._o i_o come_v to_o show_v the_o unreasonableness_n of_o those_o prejudices_fw-la and_o pretence_n by_o which_o man_n be_v usual_o sway_v in_o this_o matter_n and_o in_o so_o do_v i_o shall_v not_o look_v upon_o myself_o be_v to_o talk_v with_o another_o sort_n of_o people_n now_o to_o be_v consign_v to_o natural_a principle_n only_o 1._o be_v a_o general_n supposition_n that_o every_o one_o who_o kill_v himself_o be_v non_fw-la compos_fw-la and_o that_o no_o body_n will_v do_v such_o a_o action_n unless_o he_o be_v distract_v this_o will_v be_v find_v unreasonable_a if_o we_o consider_v 1._o that_o if_o this_o be_v real_o so_o than_o it_o will_v be_v to_o no_o purpose_n for_o the_o law_n to_o appoint_v any_o enquiry_n to_o be_v make_v in_o such_o case_n if_o a_o man_n may_v not_o be_v suppose_v to_o be_v in_o his_o wit_n when_o he_o lay_v violent_a hand_n upon_o himself_o to_o what_o intent_n be_v the_o summon_v in_o of_o so_o many_o man_n the_o giving_z they_o a_o solemn_a oath_n examine_v witness_n hear_v council_n all_o this_o suppose_v the_o case_n doubtful_a but_o according_a to_o that_o opinion_n all_o this_o be_v vain_a and_o impertinent_a because_o they_o have_v nothing_o leave_v to_o judge_v of_o 2._o if_o this_o be_v so_o than_o our_o law_n be_v not_o only_o impertinent_a but_o unjust_a by_o affix_v a_o punishment_n to_o such_o a_o act_n as_o the_o person_n that_o commit_v it_o can_v help_v he_o that_o be_v distract_v know_v not_o what_o he_o do_v and_o therefore_o be_v not_o accountable_a for_o this_o or_o any_o other_o deed_n since_o then_o the_o law_n of_o this_o nation_n and_o of_o many_o other_o of_o great_a reputation_n for_o wisdom_n and_o justice_n as_o shall_v be_v show_v immediate_o have_v ordain_v a_o punishment_n for_o this_o action_n it_o be_v plain_a that_o they_o think_v it_o may_v possible_o be_v commit_v wilful_o and_o advise_o and_o if_o so_o it_o be_v confidence_n and_o presumption_n for_o any_o private_a person_n to_o suppose_v the_o contrary_n 3._o this_o will_v appear_v far_o if_o we_o consider_v the_o several_a explication_n of_o the_o word_n non_fw-fr compos_fw-la abovementioned_a particular_o the_o three_o concern_v â—…naticks_n if_o a_o person_n know_v to_o be_v lunatic_n several_a year_n be_v also_o know_v to_o have_v have_v several_a interval_n he_o shall_v be_v liable_a to_o the_o law_n unless_o it_o be_v plain_o prove_v that_o he_o be_v distemper_v at_o the_o very_a time_n of_o kill_v himself_o how_o much_o more_o if_o a_o man_n have_v never_o be_v know_v to_o have_v be_v lunatic_n at_o all_o as_o to_o the_o â—…th_n sort_n of_o madness_n abovementioned_a the_o law_n do_v not_o look_v upon_o this_o as_o a_o excuse_n for_o any_o crime_n commit_v in_o that_o condition_n because_o it_o be_v the_o party_n own_o voluntary_a act_n to_o bring_v himself_o into_o it_o however_o this_o may_v be_v of_o use_v to_o judge_v of_o other_o kind_n of_o madness_n by_o which_o people_n may_v be_v suppose_v to_o be_v affect_v withal_o in_o this_o case_n it_o very_o seldom_o appear_v that_o they_o who_o destroy_v themselves_o have_v have_v the_o same_o or_o as_o great_a sign_n of_o distraction_n as_o be_v frequent_o cause_v by_o excessive_a drink_v or_o suppose_v they_o may_v have_v have_v so_o yet_o let_v the_o juror_n consider_v whether_o this_o may_v not_o be_v cause_v as_o much_o through_o the_o party_n own_o fault_n as_o the_o other_o whether_o he_o do_v not_o bring_v upon_o himself_o or_o give_v way_n to_o the_o begin_n of_o his_o discontent_n whether_o he_o do_v not_o wilful_o foment_n and_o increase_v it_o and_o at_o last_o stubborn_o
the_o great_a of_o all_o the_o roman_n if_o not_o one_o of_o those_o who_o he_o celebrate_v as_o such_o do_v ever_o kill_v themselves_o the_o example_n of_o other_o who_o do_v so_o ought_v not_o to_o be_v of_o any_o authority_n the_o same_o observation_n may_v be_v confirm_v by_o the_o choice_n which_o manilius_n 1._o manilius_n astron._n lib._n 1._o also_o make_v of_o several_a great_a roman_n to_o the_o same_o purpose_n only_o i_o think_v he_o speak_v of_o the_o latter_a cato_n to_o these_o i_o may_v add_v martial_a if_o it_o be_v worth_a the_o while_n who_o declare_v against_o this_o act_n more_o than_o once_o nor_o be_v this_o only_o condemn_v by_o the_o judgement_n of_o their_o great_a man_n sore_a who_o can_v stand_v in_o competition_n with_o cicero_n and_o virgil_n but_o be_v express_o prohibit_v by_o the_o ancient_a roman_a law_n tarquin_n punish_v those_o who_o murder_v themselves_o by_o expose_v their_o body_n naked_a as_o they_o do_v the_o most_o infamous_a criminal_n the_o same_o servius_n abovementioned_a tell_v we_o upon_o amata_n 12._o amata_n aen._n lib._n 12._o hang_v herself_o that_o they_o who_o do_v so_o be_v forbid_v burial_n by_o the_o pontifical_a book_n this_o be_v also_o confirm_v by_o a_o ancient_a inscription_n which_o be_v of_o a_o very_a particular_a kind_n i_o shall_v insert_v the_o great_a part_n of_o it_o donatio_fw-la sepultur_n ae_z exauthor_n at_o be_v militibus_fw-la alijsque_fw-la quorum_fw-la memoria_fw-la infamis_fw-la sassinae_fw-la baebius_n gemellus_n sassinas_n municipibus_fw-la singuleis_fw-la incoâ—…eisque_fw-la loca_fw-la sepulturae_fw-la d._n s._n p._n that_o extra_n authorateis_fw-la et_fw-la quei_z sibeâ—…â—…aqueo_fw-la manus_fw-la 〈◊〉_d et_fw-la quei_z quaestum_fw-la spurcum_fw-la proof_n ssi_fw-la essent_fw-la singuleis_fw-la in_o front_n p._n 〈◊〉_d in_o ag._n 〈◊〉_d x._o inter_fw-la pontem_n sapis_n et_fw-fr 〈◊〉_d superiorem_fw-la quei_z est_fw-la in_o fine_a fundi_n fagoniani_n 264._o fagoniani_n see_v the_o rest_n in_o spons_fw-la miscell_n erudit_fw-la antiquitatis_fw-la sect._n 7._o p._n 264._o by_o this_o it_o appear_v that_o one_o baebius_n gemellus_n give_v a_o piece_n of_o ground_n as_o a_o burying-place_n for_o those_o to_o who_o the_o law_n deny_v burial_n and_o who_o memory_n be_v count_v infamous_a viz._n bawd_n or_o whore_n and_o soldier_n that_o have_v be_v break_v for_o misdemeanour_n and_o self-murtherer_n the_o first_o sort_n be_v odious_a and_o infamous_a among_o the_o ancient_a roman_n a_o warlike_a and_o modest_a nation_n and_o with_o these_o self-murtherer_n be_v join_v in_o the_o same_o note_n of_o infamy_n which_o be_v the_o great_a that_o they_o can_v lay_v upon_o any_o offender_n after_o death_n but_o as_o the_o stoic_a philosophy_n prevail_v these_o law_n be_v either_o favourable_o interpret_v or_o quite_o neglect_v and_o one_o while_o it_o be_v usual_a for_o they_o to_o ask_v the_o senate_n leave_v to_o kill_v themselves_o and_o not_o 〈◊〉_d not_o quintil._n declam_n 4._o qui_fw-la causas_fw-la voluntariae_fw-la mortis_fw-la in_o senatu_fw-la non_fw-la reddiderit_fw-la insepultus_fw-la 〈◊〉_d allow_v otherwise_o etc._n †_o tacit._n lib._n 6._o annalium_fw-la promptas_fw-la ejusmodi_fw-la mortes_fw-la 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d faciebat_fw-la etc._n etc._n and_o though_o many_o become_v their_o own_o executioner_n by_o blood_n let_v as_o this_o author_n observe_v yet_o this_o do_v not_o prove_v that_o the_o roman_n think_v it_o either_o natural_a or_o lawful_a for_o any_o man_n whatever_o to_o kill_v himself_o they_o who_o do_v thus_o be_v 〈◊〉_d before_o it_o be_v reckon_v a_o act_n of_o grace_n from_o the_o tyrant_n they_o suffer_v under_o to_o let_v they_o choose_v their_o own_o death_n which_o if_o they_o do_v not_o some_o officer_n be_v ready_a to_o dispatch_v they_o beside_o by_o this_o mean_v they_o save_v their_o estate_n which_o be_v forfeit_v when_o they_o be_v put_v to_o death_n public_o which_o though_o tacitus_n call_v pretium_fw-la festinandi_fw-la be_v but_o a_o accidental_a advantage_n to_o self-murtherer_n not_o a_o reward_n propose_v for_o their_o make_a haste_n the_o law_n to_o deter_v the_o commit_v of_o great_a crime_n ordain_v that_o such_o as_o be_v put_v to_o death_n by_o the_o executioner_n shall_v forfeit_v their_o estate_n aswell_o as_o their_o life_n they_o who_o kill_v themselves_o evade_v this_o part_n of_o the_o law_n by_o not_o fall_v under_o any_o public_a executioner_n not_o that_o there_o be_v any_o positive_a law_n that_o he_o that_o kill_v himself_o shall_v save_v his_o estate_n as_o some_o who_o be_v not_o acquaint_v with_o tacitus_n way_n of_o write_v have_v think_v to_o sum_v up_o what_o have_v be_v say_v upon_o this_o head_n if_o self-murder_n be_v not_o practise_v by_o the_o roman_n during_o the_o first_o six_o hundred_o year_n if_o this_o be_v the_o time_n wherein_o they_o be_v at_o the_o height_n of_o their_o virtue_n if_o not_o one_o of_o those_o who_o according_a to_o the_o opinion_n of_o the_o most_o judicious_a virgil_n be_v the_o great_a glory_n to_o their_o country_n do_v ever_o kill_v himself_o if_o both_o he_o and_o cicero_n be_v against_o it_o in_o their_o own_o judgement_n if_o there_o be_v several_a law_n by_o which_o it_o be_v severe_o punish_v among_o they_o then_o the_o example_n of_o this_o great_a nation_n be_v rather_o against_o self-murder_n than_o for_o it_o this_o perhaps_o may_v be_v further_o confirm_v by_o that_o which_o be_v to_o follow_v i_o mention_v just_a now_o the_o stoic_a philosophy_n as_o one_o great_a cause_n why_o self-murder_n begin_v to_o prevail_v among_o the_o roman_n in_o the_o decay_n of_o that_o glorious_a republic_n the_o next_o objection_n which_o rise_v in_o our_o way_n be_v ground_v upon_o the_o doctrine_n of_o this_o sect_n who_o be_v in_o great_a reputation_n of_o old_a for_o their_o learning_n wisdom_n and_o strict_a morality_n and_o who_o book_n fall_v often_o into_o our_o hand_n when_o we_o be_v young_a and_o leave_v last_a impression_n upon_o many_o people_n require_v a_o particular_a examination_n chap._n x._o the_o rise_n and_o progress_n of_o the_o stoic_n a_o short_a account_n of_o their_o philosophy_n particular_o as_o to_o the_o moral_a part_n when_o and_o for_o what_o reason_n it_o spread_v among_o the_o roman_n that_o self-murder_n be_v inconsistent_a with_o their_o other_o principle_n this_o prove_v by_o some_o instance_n from_o their_o great_a author_n seneca_n epictetus_n antoninus_n after_o several_a of_o the_o wit_n of_o greece_n have_v spend_v their_o time_n in_o useless_a guess_n and_o vain_a disquisition_n concern_v such_o thing_n as_o whether_o false_a or_o true_a can_v serve_v very_o little_a to_o the_o insluence_n of_o man_n action_n socrates_n the_o most_o discern_a and_o the_o least_o corrupt_a soul_n that_o ever_o see_v by_o the_o light_n of_o nature_n show_v they_o a_o more_o prositable_a and_o more_o noble_a use_n of_o humane_a reason_n make_v it_o to_o look_v first_o into_o it_o self_n and_o to_o regulate_v those_o passion_n and_o appetite_n that_o be_v grow_v so_o great_a a_o injury_n and_o so_o just_a a_o scandal_n to_o it_o this_o be_v a_o very_a tender_a point_n and_o yet_o this_o wonderful_a man_n by_o the_o sweetness_n of_o his_o temper_n by_o his_o easiness_n and_o affability_n by_o his_o acknowlege_v that_o he_o know_v nothing_o prevail_v upon_o a_o great_a many_o to_o hearken_v to_o he_o and_o by_o his_o death_n which_o be_v more_o glorious_a more_o exemplary_a if_o possible_a than_o his_o life_n win_v over_o many_o thousand_o more_o what_o he_o thus_o successful_o begin_v bad_a other_o advantage_n from_o those_o two_o great_a man_n plato_n and_o xenophon_n who_o have_v be_v his_o scholar_n and_o who_o recommend_v their_o master_n principle_n to_o the_o world_n with_o all_o the_o happy_a advantage_n of_o eloquence_n in_o such_o a_o clear_a method_n and_o prevail_a style_n as_o represent_v natural_o the_o calmness_n of_o his_o mind_n and_o the_o sweetness_n of_o his_o conversation_n this_o make_v his_o follower_n multiply_v and_o grow_v famous_a by_o the_o name_n of_o academic_n and_o peripatetic_n who_o tenant_n differ_v very_o little_a under_o two_o great_a leader_n plato_n and_o aristotle_n but_o of_o those_o who_o hear_v socrates_n with_o admiration_n one_o of_o the_o chief_a be_v antisthenes_n anthist_n antisthenes_n diog._n laert._n in_o anthist_n who_o use_v to_o walk_v every_o day_n forty_o furlong_n for_o this_o purpose_n that_o which_o please_v his_o humour_n most_o be_v to_o hear_v he_o discourse_n of_o patience_n constancy_n fortiâ—…ude_n and_o freedom_n from_o all_o passion_n whatsoever_o this_o hit_v so_o very_a much_o with_o his_o severe_a and_o crabbed_a temper_n that_o without_o vegard_v what_o socrates_n discourse_v of_o meekness_n humility_n and_o affability_n and_o his_o continual_a example_n of_o whatever_o can_v be_v excellent_a in_o those_o virtue_n he_o fasten_v upon_o the_o former_a alone_o in_o a_o short_a time_n set_v up_o for_o himself_o and_o become_v the_o founder_n of_o the_o cynic_n
but_o the_o doctrine_n both_o of_o plato_n and_o aristotle_n lose_v ground_n immediate_o after_o their_o decease_n they_o who_o succeed_v plato_n in_o the_o academy_n beside_o their_o want_n of_o his_o great_a ability_n his_o elevation_n sagacity_n and_o politeness_n come_v short_a of_o he_o in_o his_o virtue_n be_v guilty_a of_o covetousness_n and_o great_a enormity_n aristotle_n who_o die_v about_o twenty_o four_o year_n after_o he_o enjoin_v his_o friend_n theophrastus_n to_o conceal_v his_o book_n which_o be_v do_v careful_o for_o many_o year_n during_o which_o time_n his_o follower_n in_o the_o lycaeum_n teach_v only_o by_o tradition_n which_o make_v his_o opinion_n liable_a to_o be_v adulterate_v and_o such_o as_o be_v genuine_a to_o lose_v very_o much_o of_o their_o spirit_n and_o vigour_n while_o the_o academy_n and_o lycaeum_n be_v under_o these_o disadvantage_n two_o very_a great_a genius_n appear_v much_o about_o the_o same_o time_n epicurus_n and_o zeno_n the_o first_o be_v for_o advance_v a_o new_a principle_n of_o morality_n and_o indeed_o a_o very_a strange_a one_o as_o common_o understand_v which_o be_v pleasure_n and_o conformable_o to_o this_o he_o new_o dress_v up_o the_o systeme_n of_o democritus_n and_o use_v the_o god_n worse_o by_o his_o manner_n of_o own_v they_o than_o anaxagorus_n have_v do_v by_o discard_n they_o entire_o in_o all_o age_n the_o natural_a systeme_n have_v be_v fit_v to_o the_o moral_a one_o and_o wherever_o you_o sin_v libertinism_n encourage_v under_o the_o popular_a pretence_n of_o assert_v the_o right_a of_o humane_a reason_n there_o you_o will_v meet_v with_o a_o world_n ready_a make_v to_o the_o purpose_n and_o god_n and_o providence_n exclude_v for_o fear_v of_o be_v injurious_a to_o the_o liberty_n and_o property_n of_o humane_a nature_n but_o zeno_n take_v a_o very_a different_a way_n he_o have_v hear_v crates_n many_o year_n yet_o can_v not_o allow_v of_o the_o brutality_n and_o immodesty_n of_o the_o cynic_n and_o therefore_o go_v over_o to_o xenocrates_n and_o polemon_n the_o successor_n of_o plato_n these_o he_o sollow_v very_o much_o in_o his_o principle_n but_o still_o retain_v the_o severity_n of_o the_o other_o in_o his_o manner_n from_o plato_n he_o teach_v the_o be_v of_o one_o god_n supreme_a over_o many_o other_o and_o that_o the_o world_n be_v govern_v and_o mankind_n particular_o by_o his_o providence_n and_o though_o he_o and_o his_o follower_n mention_v fate_n frequent_o yet_o this_o signify_v general_o only_a that_o series_n of_o second_o câ—â—â—ses_n that_o method_n which_o be_v observe_v by_o god_n in_o the_o administration_n of_o that_o providence_n he_o teach_v further_o that_o the_o first_o principle_n in_o humane_a nature_n be_v the_o preserve_n of_o one_o self_n that_o nature_n recommend_v we_o to_o ourselves_o in_o the_o strict_a manner_n as_o cicero_n make_v cato_n speak_v at_o large_a that_o the_o end_n of_o humane_a life_n and_o the_o measure_n of_o all_o our_o action_n be_v the_o follow_v of_o nature_n this_o maxim_n be_v common_a to_o all_o the_o platonist_n but_o zeno_n resolve_v to_o set_v up_o a_o new_a sect_n though_o without_o any_o reason_n as_o cicero_n prove_v excellent_o finibus_fw-la excellent_o lib._n 4._o de_fw-la finibus_fw-la though_o he_o dare_v not_o reject_v this_o principle_n which_o be_v so_o ready_o embrace_v by_o every_o body_n yet_o he_o endeavour_v to_o give_v it_o a_o new_a turn_n to_o weaken_v and_o obscure_v it_o by_o many_o nicety_n and_o distinction_n and_o so_o make_v way_n for_o several_a of_o his_o principle_n especial_o that_o of_o self-murder_n which_o be_v otherwise_o too_o plain_o inconsistent_a with_o it_o and_o here_o i_o intend_v once_o to_o give_v a_o particular_a account_n of_o this_o matter_n but_o it_o grow_v unavoidable_o long_o than_o i_o expect_v and_o full_a of_o their_o contradictory_n subtlety_n and_o absurd_a distinction_n and_o have_v already_o state_v sup_n state_v cap._n 2._o &_o 7._o sup_n the_o true_a meaning_n of_o this_o principle_n i_o think_v it_o may_v suffice_v to_o direct_v such_o as_o be_v curious_a to_o cicero_n 3d_o and_o four_o book_n de_fw-la finibus_fw-la and_o to_o plutarch_n discourse_n against_o the_o stoic_n have_v resolve_v then_o i_o say_v to_o retain_v this_o principle_n and_o yet_o in_o spite_n of_o it_o adhere_v to_o that_o of_o self-murder_n also_o they_o assign_v in_o the_o next_o place_n five_o just_a cause_n as_o they_o call_v they_o for_o put_v it_o in_o 〈◊〉_d in_o see_v diog._n laâ—…tins_n it_o ciceron_n pro_fw-la muraena_fw-la it_o li._n 3._o &_o 4._o the_o 〈◊〉_d execution_n 1._o for_o one_o country_n 2._o one_o friend_n 3._o great_a pain_n 4._o loss_n of_o sense_n or_o limb_n 5._o incurable_a disease_n some_o add_v extreme_a poverty_n or_o disgrace_n these_o be_v some_o of_o the_o chief_a thing_n which_o they_o call_v indifferent_a neither_o good_a nor_o bad_a in_o themselves_o and_o therefore_o below_o the_o concern_v of_o their_o wise_a man_n and_o yet_o they_o make_v these_o the_o chief_a measure_n of_o the_o reasenableness_n of_o self-murder_n furthermore_o they_o teach_v that_o their_o wise_a man_n i._n e._n any_o one_o that_o follow_v their_o principle_n strict_o 〈◊〉_d strict_o see_v diog._n laâ—…tius_n it_o ciceron_n pro_fw-la muraena_fw-la it_o li._n 3._o &_o 4._o the_o 〈◊〉_d can_v not_o possible_o be_v deceive_v in_o his_o opinion_n therefore_o never_o ought_v to_o repent_v or_o change_v his_o mind_n that_o all_o mankind_n except_o themselves_o be_v madman_n and_o fool_n and_o equal_o so_o insomuch_o that_o there_o will_v not_o have_v be_v the_o least_o difference_n between_o socrates_n and_o anytus_n have_v they_o live_v after_o zeno_n and_o neither_o of_o they_o beeâ—…_n stoic_n but_o as_o for_o themselves_o they_o be_v all_o king_n wise_a man_n rich_a beautiful_a above_o the_o world_n and_o equal_a to_o the_o go_n to_o fortify_v themselves_o in_o this_o strange_a vanity_n they_o teach_v further_o that_o a_o wise_a man_n ought_v always_o to_o observe_v the_o same_o method_n keep_v the_o same_o manner_n look_n and_o appearance_n that_o all_o fault_n be_v equal_a that_o all_o passion_n be_v alike_o unblamable_a therefore_o that_o a_o stoic_a ought_v neither_o to_o ask_v pardon_n nor_o grant_v forgiveness_n and_o that_o their_o manner_n may_v be_v answerable_a to_o their_o opinion_n they_o add_v that_o a_o wise_a man_n ought_v to_o be_v austere_a that_o truth_n be_v the_o more_o wholesome_a though_o less_o please_v for_o its_o roughness_n this_o zeno_n retain_v from_o his_o first_o master_n the_o cynic_n and_o encourage_v in_o opposition_n to_o epicurus_n and_o withal_o to_o prevail_v upon_o the_o people_n by_o the_o old_a yet_o still_o successful_a cheat_n of_o plain-dealing_a as_o if_o it_o be_v necessary_a for_o sincerity_n to_o be_v savage_a and_o a_o philosopher_n must_v unavoidable_o forgo_v his_o humanity_n in_o order_n to_o be_v virtuous_a nay_o as_o if_o virtue_n to_o recommend_v herself_o to_o the_o world_n will_v choose_v rather_o to_o appear_v in_o a_o brutal_a than_o a_o 〈◊〉_d form_n this_o sullen_a contract_n of_o themselves_o stissen_v they_o by_o degree_n into_o stubbornness_n instead_o of_o constancy_n and_o whilst_o by_o the_o vain_a rant_v in_o which_o they_o celebrate_v their_o own_o merit_n and_o mad_o mix_v the_o god_n with_o the_o beast_n whilst_o their_o pride_n i_o say_v make_v they_o undertake_v and_o prosess_v what_o they_o can_v not_o compass_v and_o maintain_v as_o soon_o as_o they_o meet_v with_o any_o great_a calamity_n they_o forget_v all_o their_o sine_z harangue_n of_o patience_n honour_n courage_n turn_v short_a and_o fell_a upon_o themselves_o in_o a_o rage_n and_o seem_v to_o have_v reserve_v this_o principle_n of_o self-murder_n as_o a_o back_n door_n to_o use_v their_o own_o metaphor_n by_o which_o they_o poor_o steal_v away_o when_o they_o coulâ—…d_v not_o carry_v on_o the_o cheat_n any_o long_o thus_o we_o see_v the_o rise_n of_o this_o sect_n compound_v of_o the_o principle_n of_o the_o platonist_n and_o the_o manner_n of_o the_o cynic_n and_o how_o contrary_a self-murder_n be_v to_o their_o doctrine_n of_o providence_n self-preservation_n thing_n indisserent_a and_o pretend_a apathy_n and_o nothing_o but_o the_o 〈◊〉_d of_o their_o pride_n and_o stubbornness_n as_o to_o its_o prevail_a among_o the_o roman_n this_o be_v much_o about_o the_o time_n abovementioned_a when_o that_o famous_a republic_n arriveed_o to_o the_o high_a pitch_n of_o its_o glory_n though_o not_o of_o its_o powerer_n zeno_n flourish_v about_o the_o 129th_o olympiad_n the_o beginning_n of_o which_o be_v about_o the_o 489th_o year_n from_o the_o building_n of_o the_o city_n the_o first_o of_o his_o follower_n that_o i_o meet_v withal_o of_o any_o esteem_n among_o the_o roman_n be_v panaetius_n who_o be_v the_o master_n of_o scipio_n aemilianus_n the_o young_a africanus_n about_o fourscore_o year_n after_o zeno._n to_o know_v the_o mean_n by_o which_o
at_o first_o so_o beautiful_a in_o these_o man_n that_o it_o can_v not_o well_o be_v resist_v but_o if_o it_o then_o prevail_v through_o choice_n it_o quick_o grow_v necessary_a for_o they_o afterward_o for_o they_o be_v force_v to_o call_v it_o to_o their_o assistance_n in_o its_o rough_a and_o most_o frightful_a shape_n in_o the_o dreadful_a calamity_n which_o they_o fall_v into_o under_o the_o bloody_a tyranny_n of_o marius_n sylla_n etc._n etc._n 9_o etc._n chap._n 9_o as_o i_o observe_v before_o then_o be_v it_o that_o self-murder_n begin_v to_o be_v in_o vogue_n then_o be_v it_o make_v use_n of_o by_o the_o luxurious_a and_o cowardly_a as_o well_o as_o by_o the_o brave_a all_o seek_v for_o 〈◊〉_d by_o voluntary_a death_n from_o the_o horrid_a barbarity_n of_o those_o time_n and_o though_o the_o stoic_a philosophy_n lose_v some_o ground_n in_o the_o calm_a and_o peaceful_a reign_n of_o augustus_n yet_o it_o regain_v it_o again_o with_o great_a reputation_n than_o ever_o under_o 〈◊〉_d and_o continue_v so_o to_o do_v under_o his_o immediate_a successor_n for_o then_o the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o people_n of_o quality_n as_o a_o modern_a critic_n 11._o critic_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d fur_fw-ge la_fw-fr philosophy_n cap._n 11._o observe_v turn_v stoic_n to_o enable_v themselves_o to_o support_v with_o constancy_n the_o incertain_a humour_n of_o that_o jealous_a dissembler_n but_o the_o chief_a advantage_n which_o the_o principle_n of_o self-murder_n have_v in_o that_o age_n and_o which_o remain_v very_o dazzle_v to_o this_o day_n in_o some_o man_n eye_n it_o draw_v from_o the_o write_n of_o three_o great_a man_n that_o be_v stoic_n seneca_n epictetus_n and_o antoninus_n all_o well_o store_v in_o other_o respect_n with_o excellent_a rule_n for_o the_o improvement_n of_o man_n manner_n with_o noble_a discovery_n of_o reason_n and_o great_a encouragement_n to_o virtue_n it_o will_v be_v necessary_a to_o complete_a the_o removal_n of_o this_o prejudice_n to_o take_v a_o short_a view_n of_o each_o of_o these_o person_n and_o show_v by_o a_o few_o instance_n draw_v out_o of_o their_o book_n how_o inconsistent_a this_o doctrine_n of_o self-murder_n be_v with_o those_o other_o thing_n which_o be_v there_o deliver_v seneca_n be_v the_o first_o in_o time_n and_o who_o by_o the_o ingraâ—…tude_n and_o injustice_n of_o 〈◊〉_d in_o his_o death_n as_o well_o as_o by_o his_o write_n have_v acquire_v great_a reputation_n but_o how_o just_o upon_o this_o last_o 〈◊〉_d that_o great_a judge_n 〈◊〉_d will_v tell_v we_o &c_n we_o 〈◊〉_d lib._n 〈◊〉_d cap._n 1._o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d &c_n &c_n he_o be_v not_o very_o exact_a in_o his_o philosophy_n but_o a_o not_o able_a prosecutor_n of_o vice_n he_o have_v many_o excellent_a sentence_n and_o many_o thing_n worth_a the_o read_n relate_v to_o morality_n but_o most_o of_o they_o be_v corrupt_v by_o his_o style_n and_o that_o the_o more_o dangerous_o because_o he_o abound_v with_o please_a fault_n you_o will_v hearty_o wish_v say_v he_o that_o he_o have_v write_v with_o be_v own_o wit_n but_o than_o that_o it_o have_v be_v guide_v by_o another_o man_n judgement_n he_o be_v so_o very_o fond_a of_o every_o thought_n that_o he_o always_o forget_v his_o argument_n to_o drop_v his_o wit_n and_o yet_o through_o affectation_n of_o say_v thing_n pretty_o he_o say_v a_o great_a many_o very_o silly_o for_o instance_n 70._o instance_n epist_n 70._o injuriosum_fw-la est_fw-la rapto_fw-la vivere_fw-la at_o contra_fw-la pulcherrimum_n rapto_fw-la mori_fw-la here_o the_o wit_n be_v as_o slat_n as_o the_o argument_n be_v false_a for_o what_o be_v raptum_fw-la can_v never_o be_v be_v pulcrum_fw-la sometime_o indeed_o he_o have_v something_o noble_a but_o it_o seem_v to_o be_v against_o his_o will_n while_o he_o aim_v at_o something_o extravagant_a which_o he_o be_v not_o able_a to_o reach_v his_o thought_n become_v reasonable_a and_o just_a by_o chance_n it_o be_v lofty_a but_o he_o intend_v it_o to_o be_v out_o of_o sight_n it_o be_v regular_a and_o great_a but_o have_v he_o succeed_v in_o his_o aim_n it_o have_v be_v monstrous_a and_o gygantick_a while_o he_o be_v speak_v of_o the_o most_o solemn_a part_n of_o philosophy_n and_o have_v just_a wound_n you_o up_o into_o a_o veneration_n of_o he_o he_o often_o fall_v into_o a_o frolic_a of_o a_o sudden_a and_o start_v aside_o in_o some_o jirk_a period_n and_o make_v you_o ashamed_a of_o the_o attention_n you_o have_v give_v he_o in_o a_o word_n to_o declaim_v against_o luxury_n in_o a_o perfume_a stile_n to_o talk_v of_o nothing_o but_o morte_n meras_fw-la as_o he_o say_v of_o himself_o in_o effeminate_a harangue_n to_o offer_v a_o few_o point_n instead_o of_o argument_n may_v entertain_v perhaps_o for_o a_o while_n but_o never_o never_o persuade_v nay_o there_o seemsto_o be_v agreat_a deal_n of_o reason_n in_o what_o a_o modern_a author_n say_v of_o he_o 〈◊〉_d he_o st._n euremonts_n essay_n part_n 〈◊〉_d i_o never_o read_v his_o write_n without_o a_o opinion_n quite_o contrary_a to_o that_o which_o he_o will_v recommend_v to_o i_o if_o he_o will_v persuade_v i_o to_o poverty_n i_o long_o for_o riches_n his_o virtue_n frighten_v i_o etc._n etc._n it_o will_v not_o be_v difficult_a if_o this_o be_v a_o proper_a place_n to_o make_v this_o gâ—…od_a by_o several_a instance_n but_o my_o subject_a confine_n i_o to_o such_o alone_a as_o be_v contradicttory_n to_o self-murder_n first_o let_v we_o hear_v he_o as_o to_o mattâ—…r_v of_o extreme_a pain_n he_o deny_v that_o a_o wise_a man_n can_v ever_o be_v otherwise_o than_o happy_a though_o in_o great_a torment_n that_o since_o happiness_n consist_v in_o be_v virtuous_a and_o virtue_n consist_v in_o bear_v pain_n or_o torture_n well_o he_o that_o do_v so_o which_o a_o stoic_a always_o will_v must_v be_v happy_a epicurus_n he_o tell_v we_o say_v that_o a_o wise_a man_n may_v cry_v in_o 66._o in_o ep._n 66._o phalaris_n bull_n how_o sweet_a be_v this_o the_o same_o write_v to_o his_o friend_n upon_o his_o death_n bed_n thus_o 92._o thus_o ep._n 92._o this_o be_v the_o last_o and_o most_o happy_a day_n of_o my_o life_n and_o yet_o he_o be_v torment_v at_o that_o moment_n with_o the_o strangury_n and_o a_o ulcer_n in_o his_o bowel_n upon_o which_o he_o reflect_v this_o voice_n be_v hear_v in_o the_o very_a shop_n of_o pleasure_n why_o shall_v this_o then_o seem_v incredible_a among_o those_o that_o profess_v to_o obey_v not_o pleasure_n but_o virtue_n in_o another_o place_n 67._o place_n ep._n 67._o he_o admire_v one_o demetrius_n for_o call_v a_o quiet_a life_n without_o any_o incursion_n of_o fortune_n a_o dead_a sea_n to_o have_v nothing_o to_o stir_v you_o up_o to_o whet_v and_o try_v the_o firmness_n of_o your_o mind_n upon_o be_v not_o say_v he_o tranquillity_n but_o be_v becalm_v altalus_fw-la the_o stoic_a use_v to_o say_v i_o have_v rather_o be_v in_o fortune_n camp_n than_o in_o her_o lap_n suppose_v i_o be_o torture_v i_o bear_v it_o brave_o why_o then_o till_o well_o i_o be_o put_v to_o death_n yet_o still_o i_o suffer_v valiant_o why_o that_o be_v well_o too_o epicurus_n will_v tell_v you_o it_o be_v delicious_a but_o i_o will_v not_o apply_v so_o esfeminate_a a_o word_n to_o so_o glorious_a a_o thing_n i_o be_o burn_v but_o not_o conquer_a why_o then_o shall_v not_o this_o be_v desirable_a rather_o than_o dreadful_a i_o do_v not_o mean_v the_o be_v burn_v but_o the_o be_v unconquerable_a nothing_o be_v so_o admirable_a so_o lovely_a as_o virtue_n whatever_o she_o command_v we_o to_o suffer_v be_v not_o only_o good_a but_o desirable_a this_o be_v one_o of_o his_o most_o common_a topic_n and_o yet_o extraordinary_a pain_n be_v one_o of_o the_o chief_a cause_n which_o stoic_n assign_v for_o the_o reasonableness_n of_o self-murder_n if_o we_o consider_v he_o also_o as_o to_o the_o god_n sometime_o we_o sin_v he_o very_o reasonable_a and_o submissive_a thus_o 96._o thus_o ep._n 96._o i_o do_v not_o obey_v god_n so_o much_o as_o assent_v to_o 〈◊〉_d it_o be_v by_o choice_n and_o not_o neceslity_n that_o i_o follow_v he_o nothing_o shall_v 〈◊〉_d befall_v i_o that_o i_o will_v receive_v discontentedly_n or_o with_o a_o melancholy_a look_n there_o be_v no_o kind_n of_o tribute_n but_o what_o i_o will_v pay_v ready_o yet_o all_o the_o thing_n which_o man_n use_v to_o groan_v under_o and_o tremble_v at_o be_v but_o the_o tribute_n of_o life_n etc._n etc._n 107._o etc._n ep._n 107._o it_o be_v best_a to_o endure_v what_o you_o can_v mend_v and_o follow_v that_o god_n without_o murmur_v who_o order_v all_o thing_n he_o be_v but_o a_o ill_a soldier_n that_o with_o groan_n obey_v his_o general_n wherefore_o let_v we_o receive_v his_o order_n cheerful_o and_o cry_v out_o in_o the_o word_n of_o cleanthes_n lead_v on_o o_o destiny_n and_o thou_o o_o jove_n whatever_o
and_o african_n in_o the_o town_n and_o both_o be_v in_o danger_n from_o the_o numidian_a horse_n that_o have_v sle_z thither_o from_o the_o battle_n he_o endeavour_v to_o preserve_v one_o party_n from_o another_o beseech_v some_o of_o the_o horse_n even_o with_o tear_n not_o to_o leave_v the_o roman_a senator_n that_o be_v with_o he_o to_o the_o persidiousness_n of_o the_o african_n i_o will_v not_o suppose_v that_o his_o great_a spirit_n be_v break_v upon_o this_o occasion_n or_o that_o this_o sudden_a mildness_n of_o temper_n which_o never_o appear_v in_o his_o whole_a life_n in_o public_a before_o be_v the_o effect_n of_o any_o thing_n but_o kindness_n and_o good_a nature_n towards_o that_o people_n who_o have_v admit_v he_o into_o their_o city_n but_o it_o be_v plain_a that_o if_o he_o have_v then_o make_v use_n of_o something_o of_o that_o steady_a resolution_n wherewith_o he_o have_v oppose_v 〈◊〉_d and_o caesar_n in_o the_o forum_n former_o it_o may_v have_v be_v of_o great_a benefit_n to_o his_o party_n afterward_o hear_v that_o caesar_n march_v towards_o he_o and_o lucius_n caesar_n offer_v to_o intercede_v for_o he_o he_o refuse_v it_o tell_v he_o 〈◊〉_d he_o plut_z in_o 〈◊〉_d if_o i_o will_v save_v my_o life_n i_o ought_v to_o go_v myself_o but_o i_o will_v not_o be_v behold_v to_o the_o tyrant_n for_o any_o act_n of_o his_o injustice_n and_o it_o be_v unjust_a for_o he_o to_o pretend_v to_o pardon_v those_o as_o a_o lord_n over_o who_o he_o have_v no_o lawful_a power_n this_o be_v full_a of_o personal_n and_o passionate_a hatred_n however_o he_o persuade_v his_o son_n to_o go_v to_o he_o he_o take_v also_o great_a care_n to_o dissuade_v his_o friend_n statilius_n who_o be_v a_o stoic_a a_o great_a imitator_n of_o cato_n and_o a_o 〈◊〉_d a_o know_a caesar-hater_n as_o plutarch_n call_v he_o observable_o from_o lay_v hand_n upon_o himself_o after_o this_o he_o sup_v according_a to_o his_o custom_n but_o there_o arise_v a_o stoical_a question_n concern_v liberty_n he_o maintain_v it_o with_o so_o much_o heat_n as_o to_o give_v suspicion_n to_o his_o friend_n that_o he_o design_v to_o murder_n himself_o which_o make_v his_o son_n steal_v away_o his_o sword_n afterward_o retire_v into_o his_o chamber_n he_o increase_v their_o fear_n by_o take_v leave_n of_o his_o son_n and_o friend_n and_o embrace_v they_o in_o a_o more_o passionate_a manner_n than_o usual_a when_o they_o be_v go_v he_o take_v plato_n dialogue_n of_o the_o soul_n and_o read_v it_o call_v for_o his_o sword_n but_o no_o body_n bring_v it_o when_o he_o have_v ask_v for_o it_o twice_o or_o thrice_o he_o call_v for_o all_o his_o servant_n â—…alls_n into_o such_o a_o rage_n and_o strike_v one_o of_o they_o with_o so_o much_o violence_n that_o he_o wound_v his_o own_o hand_n and_o in_o such_o a_o manner_n too_o that_o it_o hinder_v he_o from_o kill_v himself_o outright_o afterward_o then_o he_o cry_v out_o aloud_o that_o his_o son_n and_o his_o servant_n have_v betray_v he_o to_o the_o enemy_n naked_a and_o disarm_v upon_o which_o his_o son_n and_o friend_n run_v in_o weep_v and_o embrace_v he_o he_o start_v up_o and_o look_v fierce_o upon_o they_o cry_v when_o and_o be_v be_v it_o that_o i_o lose_v my_o understanding_n why_o do_v not_o some_o body_n forsooth_o teach_v i_o what_o i_o ought_v to_o do_v that_o i_o must_v be_v disarm_v and_o not_o suffer_v to_o take_v my_o own_o measure_n and_o you_o dutiful_a sir_n why_o do_v not_o you_o tie_v your_o father_n hand_n behind_o he_o that_o caesar_n when_o he_o come_v may_v find_v i_o helpless_a and_o defenceless_a as_o if_o i_o want_v a_o sword_n when_o i_o can_v die_v if_o i_o think_v sit_v by_o stop_v my_o breath_n a_o little_a or_o dash_v my_o brain_n against_o the_o wall_n upon_o this_o his_o son_n go_v out_o weep_v he_o turn_v to_o the_o two_o philosopher_n demetrius_n and_o apollonides_n who_o only_o be_v leave_v with_o he_o and_o be_v you_o too_o of_o opinion_n say_v he_o that_o a_o man_n of_o my_o age_n ought_v to_o be_v force_v to_o live_v and_o do_v you_o sit_v here_o to_o watch_v i_o or_o do_v you_o bring_v any_o new_a reason_n why_o cato_n despair_v of_o any_o other_o mean_n of_o safety_n aught_o to_o accept_v it_o from_o his_o enemy_n if_o you_o do_v let_v i_o hear_v it_o that_o throw_v off_o those_o principle_n according_a to_o which_o we_o have_v hitherto_o live_v and_o be_v make_v more_o wise_a by_o caesar_n we_o may_v be_v the_o more_o behold_v to_o he_o etc._n etc._n after_o this_o they_o go_v out_o and_o the_o sword_n be_v bring_v he_o he_o cry_v now_o i_o be_o my_o own_o read_v over_o plato_n 〈◊〉_d twice_o more_o and_o about_o break_v of_o day_n stab_v himself_o but_o this_o not_o be_v sufficient_a to_o kill_v he_o and_o the_o wound_n be_v bind_v up_o he_o rend_v it_o open_v again_o push_v back_o the_o surgeon_n tear_n his_o bowel_n in_o piece_n with_o his_o own_o hand_n and_o expire_v that_o which_o be_v most_o strange_a in_o all_o this_o be_v his_o read_v plato_n phaedo_fw-la so_o often_o because_o there_o be_v not_o one_o passage_n in_o it_o to_o encourage_v self-murder_n but_o many_o against_o it_o nay_o the_o whole_a be_v so_o for_o no_o one_o that_o admire_v the_o death_n of_o socrates_n can_v ever_o die_v like_o cato_n montaigne_n quarrel_n with_o those_o who_o impute_v cato_n death_n to_o fear_v of_o caesar_n or_o to_o vain_a glory_n senseless_a people_n say_v he_o 36._o he_o 〈◊〉_d 1._o cap._n 36._o he_o will_v rather_o have_v perform_v a_o handsome_a just_a and_o generous_a action_n to_o have_v have_v ignoâ—…_n for_o his_o reward_n than_o for_o glory_n i_o do_v not_o think_v cato_n indeed_o be_v ever_o capable_a of_o 〈◊〉_d his_o courage_n be_v perfect_o roman_n and_o never_o fail_v his_o integrity_n and_o if_o he_o be_v capable_a of_o vain_a glory_n in_o some_o passage_n of_o his_o life_n i_o can_v see_v any_o ground_n for_o the_o least_o imputation_n of_o it_o in_o his_o death_n this_o be_v owe_v much_o to_o his_o inflexible_a temper_n and_o to_o that_o sect_n which_o he_o profess_v even_o to_o ostentation_n but_o it_o be_v to_o be_v suspect_v that_o his_o hatred_n to_o caesar_n be_v the_o chief_a cause_n of_o it_o that_o this_o mislead_v his_o judgement_n make_v he_o give_v all_o for_o go_v too_o soon_o and_o drive_v he_o into_o those_o strange_a passion_n which_o he_o fall_v into_o before_o he_o stab_v himself_o and_o that_o furious_a rage_n in_o which_o he_o expire_v afterward_o statilius_n who_o strive_v to_o imitate_v he_o in_o all_o thing_n be_v say_v to_o have_v be_v a_o profess_a caesar-hater_n all_o his_o last_o word_n be_v full_a of_o caesar_n and_o i_o do_v not_o doubt_v but_o every_o one_o will_v grant_v that_o if_o pompey_n have_v be_v in_o caesar_n circumstance_n cato_n will_v have_v remove_v some_o whither_o and_o not_o have_v kill_v himself_o and_o this_o be_v the_o thing_n he_o shall_v have_v do_v not_o surrender_v himself_o up_o to_o caesar_n or_o send_v to_o treat_v with_o he_o this_o indeed_o have_v be_v below_o his_o character_n but_o retire_v and_o preserve_v himself_o for_o a_o better_a opportunity_n of_o serve_v his_o country_n whereas_o by_o give_v way_n to_o his_o passion_n and_o private_a resentment_n he_o contribute_v great_o to_o the_o ruin_n of_o it_o iv_o this_o bring_v i_o to_o inquire_v into_o the_o reason_n which_o be_v usual_o give_v for_o his_o death_n be_v so_o much_o applaud_v and_o to_o assign_v the_o true_a one_o it_o be_v general_o suppose_v that_o cato_n die_v for_o the_o liberty_n of_o rome_n and_o this_o be_v one_o of_o the_o chief_a ground_n upon_o which_o the_o encomium_n of_o he_o be_v raise_v in_o after_o age_n but_o it_o prove_v quite_o otherwise_o for_o next_o to_o pompey_n death_n cato_n be_v the_o great_a blow_n that_o his_o party_n ever_o receive_v upon_o the_o news_n of_o it_o juba_n scipio_n and_o petreius_n kill_v themselves_o immediate_o and_o afranius_n surrender_v who_o be_v afterward_o slaiâ—…_n these_o great_a man_n have_v a_o dependence_n upon_o his_o wisdom_n honour_n and_o reputation_n their_o 〈◊〉_d troop_n offer_v to_o obey_v he_o juba_n can_v have_v raise_v another_o army_n immediate_o or_o all_o of_o they_o may_v have_v go_v over_o into_o spain_n to_o pompey_n son_n cato_n speech_n to_o the_o people_n of_o utica_n be_v very_o remarkable_a that_o if_o they_o continue_v firm_a against_o caesar_n they_o will_v avoid_v his_o contempt_n and_o the_o soon_o find_v his_o mercy_n that_o caesar_n be_v perplex_v in_o many_o difficult_a affair_n that_o all_o spain_n have_v declare_v for_o the_o young_a pompey_n that_o rome_n have_v not_o yet_o take_v the_o yoke_n whole_o but_o be_v ready_a to_o shake_v it_o off_o upon_o the_o first_o
every_o wise_a man_n and_o what_o be_v choice_n must_v be_v whole_o consistent_a with_o liberty_n these_o principle_n by_o reason_n of_o their_o divine_a original_a and_o their_o natural_a source_n and_o energy_n be_v frequent_o call_v thecommandmenâ—…_n of_o god_n even_o without_o regard_n to_o revelation_n the_o obedience_n to_o which_o have_v be_v celebrate_v by_o philosopher_n as_o the_o great_a and_o noble_a liberty_n thus_o one_o 〈◊〉_d one_o philo_z judaeus_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d tell_v we_o that_o to_o serve_v god_n be_v not_o only_o better_a than_o liberty_n but_o than_o empire_n itself_o †_o another_o cry_v out_o and_o he_o be_v a_o slave_n too_o no_o one_o can_v have_v pretence_n to_o any_o authority_n over_o i_o now_o i_o be_o make_v free_a by_o god_n i_o have_v learn_v his_o commandment_n it_o be_v not_o in_o the_o power_n of_o any_o thing_n upon_o earth_n to_o enstave_v i_o if_o it_o be_v say_v that_o these_o very_a man_n tell_v we_o that_o 5._o that_o arâ—…iani_n â—…pictet_fw-la lib._n 4._o cap._n 1._o item_n cicero_n paradoxon_n 5._o liberty_n be_v the_o live_v how_o we_o will_v by_o the_o word_n will_v they_o always_o mean_v the_o est_fw-la the_o tuscul._n quaest._n lib._n 4._o voluntas_fw-la est_fw-la quae_fw-la quid_fw-la cum_fw-la ratione_fw-la desidrat_fw-la quae_fw-la autem_fw-la adversa_fw-la ratione_fw-la incitata_fw-la vehementius_fw-la ea_fw-la libido_fw-la est_fw-la rational_a will_n the_o irrational_a vehemency_n of_o it_o they_o call_v lust_n the_o do_v what_o one_o list_n thus_o cicero_n in_o the_o place_n above_o who_o be_v he_o that_o live_v as_o he_o will_v but_o he_o that_o follow_v that_o which_o be_v right_a and_o rejoice_v in_o his_o duty_n let_v we_o first_o will_n what_o we_o ought_v and_o then_o we_o may_v safe_o do_v what_o we_o will_v but_o to_o follow_v every_o first_o impulse_n every_o 〈◊〉_d of_o hasty_a passion_n under_o the_o pretence_n of_o be_v free_a always_o end_v in_o low_a slavery_n for_o if_o we_o consider_v those_o who_o refuse_v be_v direct_v by_o any_o natural_a notion_n of_o good_a and_o evil_a or_o to_o be_v oblige_v by_o any_o first_o principle_n or_o law_n of_o nature_n while_o they_o be_v so_o nice_a of_o their_o liberty_n as_o to_o refuse_v any_o rule_n or_o guidance_n how_o many_o severe_a tyrant_n do_v they_o blind_o submit_v to_o though_o like_o some_o lunatic_n in_o the_o midst_n of_o their_o chain_n they_o fancy_v themselves_o sovereign_a prince_n can_v any_o man_n pretend_v to_o be_v free_a while_n his_o reason_n be_v make_v to_o serve_v and_o do_v it_o not_o serve_v most_o base_o in_o such_o people_n at_o the_o beck_n of_o every_o lust_n and_o passion_n be_v it_o not_o force_v to_o fetch_v and_o carry_v in_o more_o and_o more_o of_o the_o vicious_a object_n to_o be_v drudge_a always_o to_o sensation_n to_o provide_v to_o glut_v this_o or_o that_o appetite_n or_o to_o administer_v to_o this_o or_o that_o passion_n this_o be_v the_o glorious_a end_n of_o that_o liberty_n of_o follow_v their_o own_o reason_n which_o be_v so_o much_o affect_v by_o many_o people_n who_o will_v be_v ride_v over_o hedge_n and_o ditch_n rather_o than_o be_v impose_v upon_o by_o a_o beat_a road_n and_o throw_v away_o their_o rudder_n and_o their_o compass_n in_o order_n to_o sail_v free_o arbitrary_a power_n which_o be_v so_o universal_o hate_v be_v nothing_o but_o lawless_a liberty_n of_o act_v when_o prince_n usurp_v this_o we_o call_v they_o tyrant_n and_o yet_o what_o we_o abhor_v in_o our_o governor_n we_o admire_v in_o ourselves_o when_o alas_o if_o it_o be_v usurp_v by_o particular_a person_n they_o fall_v into_o worse_a slavery_n than_o kingdom_n do_v both_o be_v preserve_v free_a not_o by_o be_v without_o any_o law_n at_o all_o but_o by_o act_v steady_o according_a to_o such_o law_n as_o be_v the_o dictate_v of_o right_a reason_n there_o be_v a_o remarkable_a passage_n in_o 〈◊〉_d in_o in_o his_o treatise_n to_o prove_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d philo_n judaeus_n to_o this_o purpose_n as_o among_o city_n such_o as_o be_v rule_v by_o the_o arbitrary_a will_n of_o one_o or_o few_o man_n fall_v into_o slavery_n whereas_o such_o as_o have_v law_n for_o their_o guardian_n and_o governor_n continue_v free_a so_o it_o be_v among_o particular_a man_n as_o many_o as_o anger_n covetousness_n or_o any_o other_o passion_n rule_v over_o be_v all_o slave_n but_o as_o many_o as_o be_v govern_v by_o law_n be_v free_a i_o mean_v the_o unerring_a law_n of_o right_a reason_n not_o such_o as_o be_v imprint_v by_o this_o or_o that_o man_n on_o lifeless_a paper_n itself_o lifeless_a but_o that_o which_o be_v eternal_a and_o engrave_v upon_o man_n immortal_a mind_n by_o the_o divine_a immortal_a nature_n wherefore_o i_o can_v but_o wonder_v as_o he_o go_v on_o at_o the_o stupidity_n of_o some_o dull_a wretch_n who_o will_v grant_v that_o whole_a great_a city_n such_o as_o athens_n and_o lacedaemon_n preserve_v their_o liberty_n only_o by_o observe_v the_o law_n of_o solon_n and_o lycurgus_n and_o yet_o will_v not_o allow_v that_o wise_a man_n may_v preserve_v they_o while_o they_o obey_v right_a reason_n which_o be_v the_o ground_n of_o all_o law_n what_o this_o excellent_a author_n call_v stupidity_n and_o dulness_n be_v to_o be_v meet_v withal_o very_o common_o now_o a_o day_n among_o the_o great_a pretender_n to_o wit_n sense_n and_o integrity_n and_o most_o confident_a asserter_n of_o humane_a liberty_n nor_o indeed_o have_v there_o be_v creature_n of_o this_o kind_n want_v in_o any_o age._n the_o speech_n which_o the_o tribune_n duronius_n make_v to_o the_o common_a people_n of_o rome_n upon_o the_o occasion_n of_o the_o senate_n propose_v some_o sumptuary_n law_n to_o restrain_v the_o extravagant_a luxury_n of_o entertainment_n argue_v the_o same_o noble_a zeal_n 4._o zeal_n valer._n maximus_n lib._n 2._o cap._n 4._o roman_n say_v he_o we_o be_v now_o come_v to_o have_v bridle_v put_v upon_o we_o which_o be_v not_o to_o be_v endure_v you_o be_v tie_v and_o fetter_v in_o bitter_a bond_n of_o servitude_n the_o senate_n be_v pass_v a_o law_n to_o force_v you_o to_o be_v frugal_a but_o let_v we_o abrogate_v this_o old_a rusty_a imposition_n for_o what_o signify_v liberty_n if_o a_o man_n may_v not_o perish_v by_o luxury_n if_o he_o think_v sit_v this_o be_v a_o admirable_a advocate_n for_o one_o sort_n of_o self-destruction_n what_o the_o rest_n say_v be_v build_v upon_o the_o very_a same_o ground_n and_o amount_n in_o effect_n but_o to_o this_o who_o have_v the_o property_n of_o my_o life_n but_o myself_o and_o what_o do_v property_n signify_v if_o i_o may_v not_o have_v the_o liberty_n to_o do_v what_o i_o will_v with_o my_o own_o the_o first_o of_o these_o have_v be_v show_v at_o large_a to_o be_v a_o mistake_n and_o then_o it_o must_v follow_v of_o course_n that_o the_o latter_a be_v so_o but_o certain_o not_o two_o thing_n in_o the_o world_n have_v ever_o be_v so_o much_o mistake_v as_o liberty_n and_o property_n as_o these_o be_v the_o tumultuous_a cry_n of_o the_o rabble_n in_o disorder_a government_n so_o be_v they_o the_o loud_a pretence_n of_o wild_a passion_n in_o irregular_a man_n he_o that_o desire_v what_o he_o can_v nay_o ought_v not_o to_o obtain_v call_v all_o opposition_n be_v it_o never_o so_o just_a to_o those_o desire_n slavery_n and_o the_o break_n through_o this_o opposition_n though_o by_o way_n never_o so_o unjust_a he_o call_v liberty_n thus_o man_n of_o free_a thought_n that_o be_v who_o despise_v any_o rule_n or_o guide_n to_o think_v by_o must_v needs_o despise_v any_o rule_n to_o act_v by_o and_o consequent_o break_v all_o law_n divine_a and_o humane_a but_o if_o this_o be_v liberty_n then_o how_o hard_o be_v it_o that_o flame_n shall_v ever_o be_v abridge_v of_o their_o natural_a liberty_n or_o that_o the_o freedom_n of_o any_o deluge_n shall_v be_v restrain_v by_o bank_n or_o shore_n these_o will_v not_o have_v worse_a effect_n in_o the_o great_a worid_n than_o the_o other_o have_v in_o the_o less_o for_o not_o to_o nuâ—…ber_v up_o all_o the_o inconvenience_n which_o the_o public_a suffer_v from_o these_o free_a think_v gentleman_n what_o do_v this_o liberty_n end_n in_o at_o last_o as_o to_o themselves_o but_o in_o gout_n palsy_n rheumatism_n etc._n etc._n as_o to_o one_o part_n of_o their_o fancy_a property_n and_o in_o shame_n anxiety_n fury_n and_o despair_n as_o to_o the_o other_o till_o at_o last_o be_v weary_a of_o a_o life_n which_o they_o have_v so_o miserable_o misuse_v they_o as_o miserable_o destroy_v it_o that_o which_o have_v make_v i_o say_v so_o much_o upon_o this_o head_n be_v that_o this_o pretence_n be_v the_o ground_n of_o most_o other_o crime_n as_o well_o as_o self-murder_n but_o to_o sum_v up_o what_o have_v be_v say_v and_o to_o apply_v it_o