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other_o choice_a plum_n upon_o or_o for_o the_o bud_a of_o aprecock_n and_o peach_n but_o for_o a_o nectorine_n a_o peach-stock_n be_v most_o proper_a the_o stone_n of_o aprecock_n and_o peach_n be_v not_o worth_a the_o set_n for_o stock_n to_o inoculate_v with_o other_o good_a kind_n in_o respect_n their_o root_n be_v spongy_a and_o will_v neither_o last_v nor_o endure_v to_o be_v transplant_v therefore_o the_o stone_n of_o plum_n and_o cherry_n be_v chief_o for_o that_o purpose_n to_o be_v regard_v except_o the_o peach-stock_n for_o the_o nectorine_n goosberry_n and_o currant_n be_v inoculate_v on_o their_o own_o kind_n etc._n goosberry_n etc._n etc._n and_o so_o be_v plum_n apple_n pear_n and_o cherry_n sect_n iv_o of_o the_o nursery_n for_o stock_n for_o the_o obtain_n of_o a_o sufficient_a number_n of_o stock_n to_o graft_n and_o inoculate_v the_o several_a sort_n of_o fruit_n you_o intend_v to_o propagate_v and_o advance_v and_o also_o to_o pleasure_v yourself_o with_o such_o 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paradise-apple_n for_o apple_n of_o the_o quince_n for_o pear_n of_o the_o morello_n or_o common_a english_a cherry_n for_o cherry_n and_o so_o will_v they_o be_v the_o more_o fit_a for_o the_o wall_n or_o for_o standard_n be_v keep_v low_o according_a to_o the_o new_a mode_n though_o i_o see_v but_o little_a pleasure_n or_o profit_n in_o that_o way_n the_o best_a way_n and_o most_o expeditious_a to_o raise_v a_o great_a quantity_n of_o quince-stock_n for_o your_o nursery_n be_v to_o cut_v down_o a_o old_a quince-tree_n in_o march_n within_o two_o inch_n of_o the_o ground_n which_o will_v cause_v a_o multitude_n of_o sucker_n to_o rise_v from_o the_o root_n when_o they_o be_v grow_v half_o a_o yard_n high_a cover_v they_o at_o the_o bottom_n a_o foot_n thick_a with_o good_a earth_n which_o in_o dry_a time_n must_v be_v water_v and_o as_o soon_o as_o they_o have_v put_v forth_o root_n in_o winter_n remove_v they_o into_o your_o nursery_n where_o in_o a_o year_n or_o two_o they_o will_v 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this_o challenge_v the_o priority_n not_o only_o of_o the_o dung_n of_o fowl_n pigeons-dung_n of_o pigeons-dung_n but_o of_o all_o other_o creature_n whatsoever_o pigeon_n or_o hens-dung_n be_v incomparable_a one_o load_n be_v worth_a ten_o load_n of_o other_o dung_n and_o therefore_o it_o be_v usual_o sow_o on_o wheat_n or_o barley_n that_o lie_v afar_o off_o and_o not_o easy_o to_o be_v help_v it_o be_v extraordinary_a likewise_o on_o a_o hop-garden_n a_o load_n of_o pigeons-dung_n be_v more_o worth_a than_o twenty_o shilling_n in_o many_o part_n a_o very_a excellent_a soil_n for_o a_o cold_a moist-natured_n land_n i_o have_v cause_v it_o to_o be_v sow_o by_o hand_n after_o the_o grain_n be_v sow_o and_o in_o the_o same_o manner_n and_o then_o harrow_v in_o with_o the_o grain_n and_o receive_v a_o very_a great_a increase_n on_o poor_a land_n i_o have_v know_v say_v platt_n a_o load_n of_o pigeons-dung_n fetch_v sixteen_o mile_n and_o a_o load_n of_o coal_n give_v for_o it_o which_o 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will_v not_o admit_v thereof_o in_o a_o short_a time_n the_o plant_n may_v by_o the_o care_n and_o diligence_n of_o the_o planter_n overcome_v those_o inconvenience_n or_o obstruction_n let_v not_o the_o ground_n wherein_o you_o plant_v apple_n be_v too_o much_o enrich_v with_o dung_n they_o require_v rather_o a_o vulgar_a and_o ordinary_a light_n mould_n according_a to_o the_o nature_n or_o quantity_n of_o your_o ground_n or_o tree_n tree_n 3_o the_o distance_n of_o tree_n may_v the_o distance_n be_v but_o the_o usual_a distance_n and_o most_o convenient_a for_o appletree_n or_o pear-tree_n for_o a_o orchard_n may_v be_v from_o twenty_o to_o thirty_o foot_n if_o you_o expect_v the_o benefit_n of_o the_o land_n under_o and_o between_o they_o either_o for_o grass_n or_o tillage_n or_o that_o you_o plant_v they_o in_o your_o field_n or_o pasture_n then_o from_o thirty_o to_o sixty_o foot_n may_v your_o distance_n be_v the_o far_a distance_n they_o be_v the_o more_o benefit_n and_o 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to_o be_v take_v off_o by_o the_o skilful_a hand_n of_o the_o husbandman_n when_o your_o graff_n be_v grow_v half_o a_o yard_n high_a those_o you_o find_v tree_n 1_o the_o prune_n of_o young_a tree_n to_o shoot_v up_o in_o one_o lance_n pinch_v off_o their_o tender_a top_n which_o will_v prevent_v their_o mount_a and_o cause_v they_o to_o put_v forth_o side-branche_n it_o be_v find_v to_o be_v the_o best_a way_n to_o guide_v a_o tree_n either_o to_o grow_v or_o extend_v itself_o in_o height_n or_o to_o cause_v it_o to_o spread_v in_o breadth_n it_o give_v not_o that_o wound_n to_o tree_n that_o incision_n or_o lance_n usual_o do_v and_o beside_o this_o may_v be_v do_v at_o that_o season_n when_o the_o take_n away_o of_o a_o bud_n prevent_v the_o expense_n of_o sap_n in_o waste_n and_o divert_v its_o course_n to_o other_o necessary_a to_o remain_v in_o march_n be_v the_o best_a time_n to_o take_v away_o the_o small_a and_o superfluous_a branch_n give_v the_o lance_n close_o behind_o a_o bud_n a_o thing_n to_o be_v special_o observe_v in_o prune_v wall-tree_n be_v to_o be_v prune_v in_o the_o summer_n and_o in_o the_o winter_n wall-tree_n 2_o of_o wall-tree_n in_o the_o summer_n about_o june_n or_o july_n you_o may_v take_v of_o such_o superfluous_a sprig_n or_o shoot_v of_o the_o same_o year_n growth_n off_o from_o vine_n aprecock_n or_o other_o tree_n that_o put_v forth_o many_o large_a shoot_n that_o impede_fw-la the_o fruit_n from_o its_o due_a maturation_n and_o contract_n much_o of_o the_o sap_n of_o the_o tree_n to_o themselves_o and_o thereby_o rob_v the_o other_o in_o the_o winter_n as_o soon_o as_o the_o leaf_n be_v off_o the_o tree_n you_o may_v prune_n and_o cut_v away_o the_o residue_n of_o the_o branch_n and_o place_v those_o that_o be_v fit_a to_o be_v leave_v in_o order_n this_o work_n may_v be_v continue_v throughout_o the_o winter_n to_o the_o rise_n of_o the_o sap_n except_o in_o great_a frost_n when_o it_o be_v not_o good_a to_o wound_v the_o vine_n or_o any_o other_o tender_a plant_n some_o hold_n february_n to_o be_v the_o best_a time_n to_o plash_n prune_n and_o nail_v tree_n after_o the_o great_a frost_n be_v past_a except_o peach_n and_o nectorine_n which_o be_v cut_v before_o the_o rise_n of_o the_o sap_n be_v apt_a to_o die_v after_o the_o knife_n and_o so_o stump_n and_o deform_v the_o tree_n therefore_o such_o must_v be_v leave_v till_o they_o begin_v to_o put_v forth_o bud_n and_o blossom_n the_o great_a tree_n in_o your_o garden_n orchard_n field_n etc._n etc._n tree_n 3_o the_o prune_n of_o old_a tree_n may_v be_v prune_v in_o october_n november_n or_o thenceforward_o to_o the_o rise_n of_o the_o sap._n observe_v to_o cut_v away_o superfluous_a branch_n such_o as_o cross_v one_o the_o other_o as_o grow_v too_o thick_a or_o that_o offend_v any_o other_o tree_n or_o place_n or_o that_o be_v break_v bruise_a or_o decay_a the_o tree_n will_v be_v the_o better_o preserve_v and_o the_o remain_a branch_n will_v yield_v the_o 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artificial_o make_v up_o with_o straw_n in_o form_n of_o a_o cheese_n as_o the_o experience_a countryman_n may_v direct_v you_o or_o in_o a_o hair-bag_n the_o more_o ordinary_a way_n for_o small_a quantity_n and_o so_o commit_v to_o the_o press_n of_o which_o there_o be_v several_a sort_n but_o the_o screw-press_a be_v to_o be_v prefer_v after_o it_o be_v press_v strain_v it_o and_o put_v it_o into_o the_o vessel_n and_o place_n it_o wherein_o it_o may_v stand_v to_o ferment_n allow_v but_o a_o small_a vent-hole_n lest_o the_o spirit_n waste_v fill_v not_o the_o vessel_n quite_o till_o it_o have_v do_v work_v then_o fill_v the_o vessel_n of_o the_o same_o keep_v for_o that_o purpose_n and_o stop_v it_o well_o only_o with_o caution_n at_o the_o first_o lest_o it_o break_v the_o vessel_n the_o best_a vessel_n for_o the_o tun_v up_o of_o cider_n and_o to_o preserve_v it_o be_v those_o whereof_o the_o barrel-board_n be_v straight_o the_o vessel_n broad_a at_o the_o one_o end_n than_o the_o 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and_o mu_o shall_v for_o four_o and_o twenty_o hour_n ferment_n together_o in_o a_o what_fw-mi for_o that_o purpose_n close_o cover_v which_o be_v say_v to_o enrich_v the_o liquor_n the_o other_o sort_n of_o fruit_n for_o the_o make_n of_o cider_n be_v the_o pippin_n cider-fruit_n other_o cider-fruit_n pearmain_n gillyflower_n etc._n etc._n by_o many_o prefer_v with_o who_o we_o may_v rank_v all_o sort_n of_o summer-apple_n as_o the_o kentish_a coddle_v marigold_n all_o other_o sort_n of_o pippin_n and_o pearmains_n etc._n etc._n which_o after_o they_o be_v through_o ripe_a and_o lay_v on_o heap_n to_o sweat_v as_o before_o be_v direct_v and_o ground_n or_o beat_v and_o press_v as_o the_o other_o then_o be_v not_o this_o cider_n or_o must_v to_o be_v tun_v up_o immediate_o but_o suffer_v to_o stand_v in_o the_o what_fw-mi four_o and_o twenty_o hour_n or_o more_o according_a as_o the_o apple_n be_v more_o or_o less_o pulpy_a and_o close_o cover_v with_o hair-cloath_n or_o sack_n that_o 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large_a and_o bear_v great_a quantity_n than_o appletree_n in_o worcestershire_n they_o have_v great_a plenty_n of_o pear_n for_o perry_n and_o also_o in_o the_o adjacent_a country_n the_o best_a for_o perry_n be_v such_o that_o be_v not_o fit_a to_o be_v eat_v so_o harsh_a that_o swine_n will_v not_o eat_v nay_o hardly_o smell_v to_o they_o the_o fit_a to_o be_v plant_v in_o hedg-row_n etc._n etc._n the_o bosbury-pear_n the_o horse-pear_n the_o bareland-pear_n and_o the_o choak-pear_n be_v such_o that_o bear_v the_o name_n of_o the_o best_a pear_n for_o perry_n the_o red_a they_o be_v the_o more_o to_o be_v prefer_v pear_n be_v to_o be_v full_o mature_a ere_o they_o be_v ground_n and_o let_v lie_v perry_n make_v of_o perry_n on_o heap_n as_o the_o apple_n crab_n and_o pear_n ground_n together_o make_v a_o excellent_a liquor_n the_o crab_n help_v to_o preserve_v the_o perry_n the_o method_n of_o make_v perry_n differ_v not_o from_o that_o of_o cider_n 3._o some_o observation_n concern_v cider_n thick_a cider_n may_v by_o a_o second_o fermentation_n be_v make_v good_a and_o clear_a but_o acid_n cider_n be_v rare_o recover_v wheat_n unground_a about_o a_o gallon_n to_o a_o hogshead_n or_o leven_n or_o mustard_n ground_n with_o cider_n or_o much_o better_a with_o sack_n a_o pint_n to_o a_o hogshead_n be_v use_v either_o to_o preserve_v or_o recover_v cider_n that_o be_v in_o danger_n of_o spoil_v ginger_n accelerate_v the_o maturation_n of_o the_o cider_n give_v it_o a_o more_o brisky_a spirit_n help_v fermentation_n and_o promote_v its_o duration_n new_a vessel_n affect_v the_o cider_n with_o a_o ill_a savour_n and_o deep_a colour_n therefore_o if_o you_o can_v obtain_v wine-cask_n which_o be_v the_o best_a nor_o yet_o can_v season_v your_o own_o with_o beer_n or_o other_o drink_n then_o scald_v it_o with_o water_n wherein_o a_o good_a quantity_n of_o apple-pounce_n have_v be_v boil_v if_o the_o vessel_n be_v taint_v then_o boil_v a_o ounce_n of_o pepper_n in_o water_n enough_o to_o fill_v the_o vessel_n and_o let_v it_o stand_v therein_o two_o or_o three_o day_n or_o take_v some_o quick_a lime_n and_o put_v in_o the_o vessel_n which_o slacken_v with_o water_n close_o stop_v it_o and_o tumble_v it_o up_o and_o down_o till_o the_o commotion_n cease_v two_o or_o three_o egg_n put_v into_o a_o hogshead_n of_o cider_n that_o be_v sharp_a sometime_o lenify_v it_o two_o or_o three_o rot_a apple_n will_v clarify_v thick_a cider_n the_o mildness_n and_o temperature_n of_o the_o weather_n be_v of_o much_o concernment_n in_o the_o fermentation_n of_o cider_n boil_v cider_n immediate_o after_o the_o press_n before_o fermentation_n wheaten-bran_n cast_v in_o after_o fermentation_n thicken_v the_o coat_n or_o cream_n and_o much_o conduce_v to_o its_o preservation_n the_o cider_n that_o run_v from_o the_o ground_n or_o beat_v apple_n before_o they_o be_v in_o the_o press_n be_v much_o to_o be_v prefer_v let_v the_o vessel_n not_o be_v quite_o full_a that_o there_o may_v be_v room_n for_o the_o cider_n to_o gather_v a_o head_n or_o cream_n pearmains_n make_v but_o small_a cider_n of_o themselves_o botling_n be_v the_o only_a way_n to_o preserve_v cider_n long_o it_o may_v be_v cider_n botling_n of_o cider_n bottle_a two_o or_o three_o day_n after_o it_o be_v well_o settle_a and_o before_o it_o have_v thorough_o ferment_v or_o you_o may_v bottle_n it_o in_o march_n follow_v which_o be_v the_o best_a time_n bottle_n may_v be_v keep_v all_o the_o summer_n in_o cold_a fountain_n or_o in_o cellar_n in_o sand_n if_o they_o be_v well_o cork_a and_o bind_v they_o may_v be_v keep_v many_o year_n in_o cold_a place_n the_o long_a the_o better_o if_o the_o cider_n be_v good_a after_o cider_n have_v be_v bottle_a a_o week_n if_o new_a cider_n else_o at_o the_o time_n of_o botling_n you_o may_v put_v into_o each_o bottle_n a_o piece_n of_o white_a sugar_n as_o big_a as_o a_o nutmeg_n this_o will_v make_v it_o brisk_a if_o your_o bottle_n be_v in_o danger_n of_o the_o frost_n cover_v they_o with_o straw_n about_o april_n set_v they_o in_o sand_n or_o in_o a_o fountain_n it_o be_v not_o the_o best_a way_n to_o grind_v or_o beat_v apple_n in_o stone-trough_n because_o it_o bruise_n the_o kernel_n and_o tail_n of_o the_o fruit_n too_o much_o which_o give_v a_o ill_a savour_n to_o the_o cider_n but_o beat_v or_o ground_n in_o wooden-trough_n free_v it_o from_o that_o quality_n after_o your_o apple_n be_v beat_v or_o ground_n it_o be_v the_o best_a way_n to_o let_v they_o stand_v a_o day_n or_o two_o before_o you_o press_v they_o for_o the_o cider_n do_v a_o little_a ferment_n and_o maturate_n in_o the_o pulp_n and_o obtain_v a_o better_a colour_n than_o if_o immediate_o press_v after_o they_o be_v press_v it_o be_v good_a to_o let_v the_o
cider_n stand_v in_o a_o what_fw-mi cover_v to_o ferment_n a_o day_n and_o night_n before_o you_o tun_n it_o up_o and_o then_o draw_v it_o from_o the_o what_fw-mi by_o a_o tap_n about_o two_o inch_n from_o the_o bottom_n or_o more_o according_a to_o discretion_n leave_v the_o fece_n behind_o which_o will_v not_o be_v lose_v if_o you_o put_v it_o up_o on_o the_o chaff_n for_o than_o it_o meliorates_fw-la your_o pur_fw-it or_o water-cider_n if_o you_o make_v any_o when_o your_o cider_n be_v turn_v into_o the_o barrel_n where_o you_o intend_v to_o keep_v it_o leave_v some_o small_a vent_n open_a for_o several_a day_n until_o its_o wild_a spirit_n be_v spend_v which_o will_v otherwise_o break_v the_o barrel_n or_o find_v some_o vent_n that_o will_v always_o abide_v open_a though_o but_o small_a to_o the_o ruin_n of_o your_o cider_n many_o have_v spoil_v their_o cider_n by_o this_o only_a neglect_n and_o never_o apprehend_v the_o cause_n thereof_o which_o when_o stop_v close_o after_o this_o wild_a spirit_n be_v spend_v although_o seem_o flattish_a at_o first_o will_v improve_v and_o become_v brisk_a and_o pleasant_a cider_n in_o a_o little_a time_n if_o cider_n prove_v thick_a or_o sowrish_v bruise_v a_o few_o apple_n and_o put_v in_o at_o the_o bung_n of_o your_o barrel_n and_o it_o will_v beget_v a_o new_a fermentation_n and_o very_o much_o mend_v your_o cider_n so_o that_o in_o a_o few_o day_n after_o you_o draw_v it_o off_o into_o another_o vessel_n if_o cider_n be_v only_o a_o little_a sowrish_n or_o draw_v off_o in_o another_o vessel_n the_o way_n to_o correct_v or_o preserve_v it_o be_v to_o put_v about_o a_o gallon_n of_o wheat_n blaunch_v be_v best_a to_o a_o hogshead_n of_o cider_n and_o so_o according_a to_o that_o proportion_n to_o a_o great_a or_o lesser_a quantity_n which_o will_v as_o well_o amend_v as_o preserve_v it_o if_o cider_n have_v any_o ill_a savour_n or_o taste_v from_o the_o vessel_n or_o any_o other_o cause_n a_o little_a mustardseed_n ground_n with_o some_o of_o the_o cider_n and_o put_v to_o it_o will_v help_v it_o mixture_n of_o fruit_n be_v of_o great_a advantage_n to_o your_o cider_n the_o mean_a apple_n mix_v make_v as_o good_a cider_n as_o the_o best_a alone_a always_o observe_v that_o they_o be_v of_o equal_a ripeness_n except_o the_o red-streak_a and_o some_o few_o celebrate_a cider-apple_n 4._o of_o the_o wine_n or_o juice_n of_o other_o fruit_n if_o cherry_n be_v in_o so_o great_a plenty_n that_o the_o market_n will_v not_o take_v they_o off_o at_o a_o good_a rate_n they_o will_v become_v very_o beneficial_a to_o be_v convert_v into_o wine_n which_o they_o will_v yield_v in_o great_a quantity_n very_o pleasant_a and_o refresh_a and_o a_o fine_a cool_a and_o more_o natural_a summer-drink_a than_o wine_n it_o may_v also_o be_v make_v to_o keep_v long_o some_o have_v be_v keep_v a_o whole_a year_n and_o very_o good_a although_o it_o may_v not_o prove_v so_o brisk_a clear_a and_o curious_a a_o drink_n plum_n wine_n of_o plum_n as_o cherry-wine_n yet_o where_o plum_n be_v in_o great_a plenty_n they_o be_v tree_n easy_o propagate_v a_o very_a good_a wine_n may_v be_v make_v of_o they_o according_a to_o the_o great_a diversity_n of_o this_o sort_n of_o fruit_n you_o must_v expect_v divers_a liquor_n to_o proceed_v from_o they_o the_o black_a tawny_a plum_n be_v esteem_v the_o best_a this_o fruit_n yield_v a_o good_a wine_n be_v prepare_v by_o a_o skilful_a mulberry-wine_n mulberry-wine_n hand_n the_o natural_a juice_n serve_v and_o be_v of_o excellent_a use_n to_o add_v a_o tincture_n to_o other_o pale_a wine_n or_o liquor_n england_n yield_v not_o a_o fruit_n whereof_o can_v be_v make_v a_o more_o pleasant_a rasberry-wine_n rasberry-wine_n drink_n or_o rather_o wine_n than_o of_o this_o humble_a fruit_n if_o compound_v with_o other_o wine_n or_o drink_n it_o animate_v they_o with_o so_o high_a a_o fragrant_a savour_n and_o gust_n that_o it_o tempt_v the_o most_o curious_a palate_n the_o juice_n of_o this_o fruit_n boil_v with_o a_o proportionable_a addition_n curran_n wine_n of_o curran_n of_o water_n and_o sugar_n make_v a_o very_a pleasant_a wine_n to_o the_o eye_n and_o taste_v it_o be_v due_o ferment_v and_o bottle_a a_o great_a quantity_n of_o this_o fruit_n may_v also_o be_v raise_v in_o a_o little_a ground_n and_o in_o a_o few_o year_n of_o the_o juice_n of_o goosberry_n extract_v in_o its_o due_a time_n and_o gooseberry-wine_n gooseberry-wine_n mix_v with_o water_n and_o sugar_n be_v prepare_v a_o very_a pleasant_a cool_a repast_n this_o fruit_n be_v easy_o propagate_v and_o yield_v much_o liquor_n it_o be_v usual_o make_v unboiled_a because_o it_o contract_v a_o brown_a colour_n in_o the_o boil_a as_o for_o any_o other_o liquor_n preservation_n or_o conservation_n of_o these_o or_o any_o other_o fruit_n i_o leave_v you_o to_o the_o many_o tract_n publish_v already_o on_o that_o subject_a chap._n viii_o of_o such_o tillage_n herb_n root_n and_o fruit_n that_o be_v usual_o plant_v and_o propagate_v in_o garden_n and_o garden-ground_n either_o for_o necessary_a food_n use_v or_o advantage_n most_o of_o these_o several_a sort_n of_o tillage_n whereof_o we_o be_v now_o general_n the_o advantage_n of_o garden-tillage_n in_o general_n to_o treat_v in_o this_o chapter_n will_v raise_v unto_o the_o industrious_a husbandman_n a_o extraordinary_a advantage_n and_o be_v not_o to_o be_v esteem_v among_o the_o least_o of_o improvement_n for_o each_o sort_n be_v proper_o plant_v in_o such_o ground_n they_o most_o natural_o delight_v in_o and_o be_v well_o husbandried_a and_o judicious_o order_v produce_v a_o incredible_a advantage_n but_o think_v not_o this_o strange_a that_o common_a and_o well-known_a plant_n that_o be_v so_o natural_a to_o our_o english_a soil_n shall_v prove_v so_o beneficial_a it_o be_v for_o no_o other_o cause_n than_o that_o some_o man_n be_v more_o industrious_a and_o ingenious_a than_o other_o for_o these_o garden-plant_n prosper_v not_o without_o great_a labour_n care_n and_o skill_n and_o beside_o be_v subject_n more_o than_o other_o to_o the_o injury_n of_o unseasonable_a weather_n neither_o of_o which_o the_o slothful_a or_o ignorant_a husbandman_n can_v away_o with_o affect_v only_o such_o thing_n that_o will_v grow_v with_o least_o toil_n hazard_n or_o expense_n though_o they_o feed_v on_o bread_n and_o water_n when_o the_o diligent_a and_o industrious_a adventurer_n live_v like_o a_o petty_a prince_n on_o the_o fruit_n of_o his_o labour_n and_o expectation_n which_o sufficient_o repay_v his_o expense_n and_o hazard_n it_o be_v hard_o to_o find_v any_o trade_n occupation_n or_o employment_n that_o a_o man_n may_v presume_v on_o a_o large_a and_o noble_a requital_n of_o his_o time_n cost_n or_o industry_n but_o it_o be_v hazardous_a especial_o to_o such_o that_o attempt_v the_o same_o without_o a_o special_a affectation_n thereunto_o or_o skill_n therein_o nil_fw-la tam_fw-la difficile_fw-la est_fw-la quod_fw-la non_fw-la solertia_fw-la vincet_fw-la so_o this_o art_n and_o employment_n of_o plant_v propagate_a and_o increase_v of_o hop_n saffron_n liquorice_n cabbage_n onion_n and_o other_o garden-commodity_n be_v casual_a and_o more_o subject_a to_o the_o injury_n of_o the_o weather_n than_o common_o corn_n or_o grass_n be_v make_v it_o so_o much_o neglect_v for_o one_o bad_a crop_n or_o bad_a year_n for_o any_o of_o they_o shall_v more_o discourage_v a_o countryman_n from_o a_o plantation_n thereof_o than_o five_o good_a crop_n though_o never_o so_o profitable_a and_o advantageous_a shall_v encourage_v ignorant_a and_o self-willed_a man_n be_v natural_o so_o prone_a to_o raise_v objection_n on_o purpose_n to_o deter_v themselves_o and_o other_o from_o any_o thing_n whatsoever_o that_n either_o pleasant_a or_o profitable_a but_o we_o hope_v better_o of_o the_o ingenious_a that_o they_o will_v set_v to_o their_o help_a hand_n to_o promote_v this_o useful_a and_o necessary_a art_n and_o thereby_o become_v a_o provoke_a precedent_n to_o their_o ignorant_a neighbour_n that_o our_o land_n may_v be_v a_o land_n of_o plenty_n that_o it_o may_v superabound_v with_o necessary_n and_o rather_o afford_v a_o supply_n to_o their_o neighbour_n than_o expect_v it_o from_o they_o as_o we_o be_v enforce_v to_o do_v in_o several_a sort_n of_o those_o thing_n we_o treat_v of_o in_o this_o book_n those_o of_o our_o own_o growth_n also_o far_o exceed_v that_o we_o have_v abroad_o which_o inconvenience_n and_o disadvantage_n nothing_o can_v better_v prevent_v than_o our_o own_o industry_n and_o ingenuity_n beside_o most_o of_o this_o garden-tillage_n be_v of_o late_a year_n become_v a_o more_o general_a food_n than_o former_o it_o be_v scarce_o a_o table_n well_o furnish_v without_o some_o dish_n of_o choice_a root_n or_o herb_n and_o it_o be_v not_o only_o pleasant_a to_o the_o rich_a but_o good_a for_o the_o poor_a labour_a man_n many_o where_o plenty_n be_v
feed_v for_o the_o most_o part_n on_o tillage_n which_o have_v occasion_v that_o great_a increase_n of_o garden_n and_o plantation_n in_o most_o of_o the_o southern_a part_n of_o england_n several_a sort_n also_o of_o tillage_n be_v profitable_a in_o the_o feed_n of_o cattle_n and_o fowl_n sect_n i._o of_o hops_n we_o mention_v this_o plant_n in_o the_o first_o place_n not_o for_o his_o worth_n or_o dignity_n above_o the_o rest_n it_o be_v esteem_v a_o unwholesome_a herb_n or_o flower_n for_o the_o use_v it_o be_v usual_o put_v unto_o which_o may_v also_o be_v supply_v with_o several_a other_o wholesome_a and_o better_a herb_n but_o for_o that_o of_o all_o other_o plant_n it_o advance_v land_n to_o the_o high_a improvement_n usual_o to_o forty_o pound_n or_o fifty_o pound_n sometime_o to_o a_o hundred_o pound_n per_fw-la acre_n and_o yet_o have_v we_o not_o enough_o plant_v to_o serve_v the_o kingdom_n but_o yearly_o make_v use_n of_o flemish_a hop_n nothing_o near_o so_o good_a as_o our_o own_o the_o principal_a cause_n i_o presume_v be_v that_o few_o bestow_v that_o labour_n and_o industry_n about_o they_o they_o require_v and_o sufficient_o retaliate_v for_o be_v manage_v careless_o they_o scarce_o yield_v a_o quarter_n part_n of_o the_o increase_n that_o those_o yield_v that_o be_v dexterous_o handle_v though_o with_o very_o little_a more_o cost_n another_o cause_n be_v why_o they_o be_v no_o more_o propagate_v here_o that_o they_o be_v the_o most_o of_o any_o plant_n that_o grow_v subject_v to_o the_o various_a mutation_n of_o the_o air_n from_o the_o time_n of_o their_o first_o spring_v till_o they_o be_v ready_a to_o be_v gather_v overmuch_a drought_n or_o wet_a spoil_v they_o mildew_n also_o sometime_o total_o destroy_v they_o which_o casualty_n happen_v unto_o they_o make_v their_o price_n and_o valuation_n so_o uncertain_a and_o prove_v so_o great_a a_o discouragement_n to_o the_o countryman_n else_o why_o may_v not_o we_o have_v as_o great_a a_o plenty_n of_o they_o as_o in_o flanders_n holland_n etc._n etc._n our_o land_n be_v as_o cheap_a and_o afford_v as_o great_a a_o crop_n if_o as_o well_o husbandried_a and_o we_o pay_v not_o for_o carriage_n so_o far_o but_o that_o they_o be_v more_o industrious_a than_o we_o therefore_o see_v that_o be_v so_o gainful_a a_o commodity_n to_o the_o husbandman_n and_o that_o there_o be_v a_o sufficient_a vent_n for_o they_o at_o home_n we_o shall_v be_v the_o more_o prolix_a in_o the_o subsequent_a discourse_n the_o hop_v delight_n in_o the_o rich_a land_n a_o deep_a mould_n and_o hop-garden_n best_a land_n and_o situation_n for_o a_o hop-garden_n light_n if_o mix_v with_o sand_n it_o be_v the_o better_a a_o black_a garden-mould_n be_v excellent_a for_o the_o hop_v if_o it_o lie_v near_o the_o water_n and_o may_v be_v lay_v dry_a it_o be_v by_o much_o the_o better_o most_o sort_n of_o land_n will_v serve_v unless_o stony_a rocky_a or_o stiff_a clay-ground_n which_o be_v not_o to_o be_v commend_v for_o the_o hop_v if_o you_o can_v obtain_v it_o a_o piece_n of_o land_n a_o little_a incline_n to_o the_o south_n and_o that_o lie_v low_a the_o ground_n mellow_a and_o deep_a and_o where_o water_n may_v be_v at_o command_n in_o the_o summer_n time_n be_v to_o be_v prefer_v for_o a_o hop-garden_n also_o it_o ought_v to_o lie_v warm_a and_o free_a from_o impetuous_a wind_n especial_o from_o the_o north_n and_o east_n either_o defend_v by_o hill_n or_o tree_n but_o by_o hill_n the_o best_a every_o one_o can_v have_v what_o land_n he_o please_v but_o must_v make_v tree_n defend_v the_o hop-garden_n by_o tree_n use_n of_o what_o he_o have_v therefore_o if_o your_o ground_n lie_v obvious_a to_o the_o wind_n it_o be_v good_a to_o raise_v a_o natural_a defence_n therefrom_o by_o plant_v on_o the_o edge_n of_o the_o hop-garden_n a_o border_n or_o row_v of_o tree_n that_o may_v grow_v tall_a and_o break_v the_o force_n of_o the_o wind_n at_o such_o time_n the_o pole_n be_v lade_v with_o hops_n the_o elm_n be_v esteem_v not_o fit_a to_o be_v plant_v near_o the_o hop_v because_o it_o contract_v mildew_n say_v our_o country_n hop-planters_a the_o ash_n on_o a_o dry_a ground_n and_o the_o poplar_n or_o aspen_n on_o a_o moist_a be_v to_o be_v prefer_v for_o their_o aspen_n aspen_n speedy_a growth_n also_o a_o tall_a and_o thick_a hedge_n of_o white-thorn_n keep_v the_o ground_n warm_a and_o secure_v it_o in_o the_o spring_n from_o the_o sharp_a nip_a wind_n that_o spoil_v the_o young_a shoot_v if_o your_o land_n be_v cold_a stiff_a sour_a or_o barren_a you_o design_n for_o a_o hill_n prepare_v the_o ground_n and_o distance_n of_o the_o hill_n hop-garden_n the_o best_a way_n be_v about_o the_o latter_a end_n of_o the_o summer_n to_o burn_v it_o as_o before_o we_o direct_v which_o will_v be_v very_o available_a to_o the_o amendment_n of_o the_o land_n some_o also_o prescribe_v to_o sow_v turnip_n hemp_n or_o bean_n therein_o to_o make_v the_o ground_n light_n and_o mellow_a and_o 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place_n issue_v spring_n who_o water_n be_v sterile_a and_o injurious_a useful_a 6_o barren_a spring_n not_o useful_a to_o the_o husbandman_n as_o be_v usual_o such_o that_o flow_v from_o coal-mine_n or_o any_o sulphureous_a or_o vitrioline_n mineral_n be_v of_o so_o harsh_a and_o brackish_a a_o substance_n that_o they_o become_v destructive_a to_o vegetable_n not_o but_o that_o those_o mineral_n and_o also_o those_o water_n contain_v much_o of_o that_o matter_n which_o be_v the_o cause_n and_o of_o the_o principle_n of_o vegetation_n though_o not_o due_o apply_v nor_o equal_o proportionated_a as_o much_o urine_n salt_n etc._n etc._n kill_v vegetable_n yet_o due_o ferment_v and_o artificial_o apply_v nothing_o more_o fertile_a such_o spring_n that_o you_o suspect_v prove_v they_o first_o before_o you_o go_v too_o far_o those_o that_o be_v bad_a be_v usual_o red_a in_o colour_n and_o leave_v a_o red_a sediment_n and_o shine_v as_o it_o run_v and_o be_v not_o fertile_a until_o it_o have_v run_v far_o and_o increase_v itself_o from_o other_o spring_n and_o gain_v more_o fertility_n in_o its_o passage_n as_o we_o usual_o observe_v great_a river_n though_o red_a in_o colour_n yet_o make_v good_a meadow_n sect_n iii_o of_o dry_a meadow_n or_o pasture_n every_o place_n be_v almost_o furnish_v with_o dry_a meadow_n which_o be_v convetible_a sometime_o into_o meadow_n and_o sometime_o into_o pasture_n and_o such_o place_n much_o more_o where_o water_n spring_n and_o rivulet_n be_v scarce_o or_o the_o river_n very_o great_a or_o the_o country_n hilly_a that_o water_n can_v so_o well_o be_v command_v over_o such_o land_n as_o in_o other_o place_n they_o may_v which_o dry_a meadow_n and_o pasture_n be_v capable_a of_o improvement_n by_o several_a way_n and_o principal_o by_o enclosure_n for_o where_o shall_v we_o find_v better_a enclosure_n improve_v by_o enclosure_n dry_a meadow_n and_o rich_a pasture_n than_o in_o several_a hilly_a place_n of_o somersetshire_n among_o the_o small_a enclosure_n which_o not_o only_o preserve_v the_o young_a grass_n from_o the_o exsiccate_a spring-wind_n but_o shadow_v it_o also_o in_o some_o measure_n from_o the_o summer-scorching_a sunbeam_n as_o before_o we_o note_v in_o the_o chapter_n of_o enclosure_n such_o meadow_n or_o pasture_n well_o plant_v with_o either_o timber_n or_o fruit-tree_n in_o the_o hedge-row_n or_o other_o convenient_a place_n and_o enclose_v in_o small_a parcel_n will_v furnish_v you_o with_o good_a hay_n and_o good_a pasture_n when_o your_o neighbour_n who_o land_n be_v naked_a go_v without_o it_o for_o dry_a spring_n or_o summer_n more_o usual_o happen_v than_o wet_a beside_o the_o shadow_n for_o your_o cattle_n and_o many_o other_o advantage_n as_o before_o we_o observe_v in_o several_a place_n where_o the_o ground_n be_v moist_a cold_a clay_n spewy_a ground_n burn_v of_o rushy_a and_o mossy_a ground_n rushy_a or_o mossy_a or_o subject_n to_o such_o inconvenience_n that_o the_o pasture_n or_o hay_n be_v short_a sour_a and_o not_o provable_a it_o be_v very_o good_a husbandry_n to_o pare_v off_o the_o turf_n about_o july_n or_o august_n and_o burn_v the_o same_o after_o the_o manner_n as_o be_v hereafter_o describe_v when_o we_o come_v to_o treat_v of_o burn_v of_o land_n and_o then_o plough_v it_o up_o immediate_o or_o in_o the_o spring_n follow_v and_o sow_v the_o same_o with_o hay-dust_n or_o with_o corn_n and_o hay-dust_n together_o for_o by_o this_o mean_n will_v that_o acid_a juice_n that_o lie_v on_o the_o surface_n of_o the_o earth_n which_o be_v of_o a_o sterile_a nature_n and_o hinder_v the_o growth_n of_o the_o vegetable_n be_v evaporate_v away_o and_o also_o the_o grass_n which_o have_v a_o long_a time_n degenerate_v by_o stand_v in_o so_o poor_a a_o soil_n be_v total_o destroy_v and_o the_o land_n make_v fertile_a and_o capable_a to_o receive_v a_o better_a species_n bring_v in_o the_o seed_n from_o other_o fertile_a meadow_n it_o be_v too_o common_o observe_v that_o many_o excellent_a meadow_n or_o etc._n stub_v up_o of_o shrub_n etc._n etc._n pasture-land_n be_v so_o plentiful_o store_v with_o shrub_n small_a hillock_n ant-hill_n or_o such_o like_a that_o a_o good_a part_n thereof_o be_v whole_o lose_v and_o so_o much_o thereof_o as_o be_v mow_v be_v but_o in_o patch_n here_o and_o there_o and_o that_o that_o remain_v not_o so_o beneficial_a as_o if_o it_o be_v either_o mow_v or_o say_v together_o now_o the_o best_a way_n or_o method_n of_o stub_v up_o such_o thorny_a shrub_n or_o broom_n or_o goss_n or_o any_o such_o annoy_v shrub_n which_o prove_v both_o laborious_a and_o costly_a any_o other_o way_n than_o this_o be_v ingenious_o deliver_v by_o gabriel_n platt_n the_o instrument_n treasure_n discovery_n of_o hide_a treasure_n by_o he_o discover_v be_v like_o a_o three-grained_n dung-fork_n only_o but_o much_o great_a and_o strong_a according_a to_o the_o bigness_n of_o the_o shrub_n etc._n etc._n the_o stale_a thereof_o like_o a_o large_a and_o strong_a leaver_n which_o instrument_n be_v set_v half_o a_o foot_n or_o such_o reasonable_a distance_n from_o the_o root_n of_o the_o shrub_n etc._n etc._n then_o with_o a_o hedging-beetle_n drive_v it_o in_o a_o good_a depth_n then_o elevate_v the_o stale_a and_o lay_v some_o weight_n or_o fulciment_n under_o it_o and_o with_o a_o rope_n fasten_v to_o the_o upper_a end_n thereof_o pull_v it_o down_o which_o will_v wrench_v up_o the_o whole_a bush_n by_o the_o root_n also_o ant-hill_n prove_v a_o very_a great_a annoyance_n to_o pasture_n and_o meadow-land_n which_o may_v be_v destroy_v by_o divide_v the_o turf_n on_o the_o top_n and_o lay_v of_o it_o open_v several_a way_n then_o take_v out_o the_o core_n and_o spread_v over_o the_o other_o land_n and_o lay_v the_o turf_n down_o neat_o in_o its_o place_n again_o a_o little_a hollow_v in_o and_o low_a than_o the_o surface_n of_o the_o earth_n and_o at_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o winter_n the_o water_n stand_v therein_o will_v destroy_v the_o remainder_n of_o the_o aunt_n and_o prevent_v their_o return_n and_o settle_v the_o turf_n by_o the_o spring_n that_o by_o this_o mean_n may_v a_o very_a great_a improvement_n be_v make_v of_o much_o meadow_n or_o pasture-land_n now_o a_o great_a part_n thereof_o bush_n and_o ant-hill_n these_o meadow_n and_o pasture-land_n where_o the_o water_n overflow_v pasture_n dung_v or_o soil_v of_o meadow_n and_o pasture_n not_o at_o any_o time_n be_v the_o only_a place_n where_o you_o may_v lay_v your_o dung_n or_o other_o manure_n to_o the_o best_a advantage_n it_o be_v not_o capable_a of_o be_v improve_v by_o water_n nor_o the_o soil_n lay_v thereon_o subject_a to_o be_v carry_v away_o or_o at_o least_o the_o better_a part_n thereof_o extract_v by_o the_o water_n either_o casual_o by_o flood_n or_o any_o other_o way_n overflow_a the_o same_o the_o best_a
time_n for_o the_o soil_a of_o meadow_n and_o pasture-land_n soil_v time_n for_o soil_v be_v in_o the_o winter-season_n about_o january_n or_o february_n that_o the_o rain_n may_v wash_v to_o the_o root_n of_o the_o grass_n the_o fatness_n of_o the_o soil_n before_o the_o sun_n dry_v it_o away_o and_o dissolve_v the_o clot_n that_o may_v be_v spread_v with_o a_o bush_n draw_v over_o it_o like_o a_o harrow_n before_o the_o grass_n be_v too_o high_a ash_n of_o wood_n peat_n turf_n sea-coal_n or_o any_o other_o fuel_n be_v land_n soil_n for_o rushy_a and_o cold_a land_n very_o proper_a to_o be_v lay_v on_o cold_a spewey_n rushey_n and_o mossy_a land_n not_o sandy_a or_o hot_a and_o suit_v best_a therewith_o and_o agree_v with_o the_o husbandry_n of_o burn_v the_o turf_n as_o be_v before_o advise_v the_o dung_n of_o pigeon_n or_o any_o other_o fowl_n work_v a_o better_a effect_n on_o that_o than_o other_o land_n also_o all_o hot_a and_o sandy_a soil_n be_v fit_a for_o that_o sort_n of_o land_n lime_n chalk_n marle_n or_o any_o cold_a fossil_a soil_n be_v a_o extraordinary_a land_n for_o sandy_a or_o hot_a land_n improvement_n to_o dry_v sandy_a hot_a land_n of_o a_o contrary_a nature_n or_o temperature_n as_o well_o for_o meadow_n and_o pasture_n as_o for_o corn-land_n i_o have_v see_v much_o of_o the_o blue_a clay_n which_o they_o call_v vrry_v that_o be_v dig_v out_o of_o the_o coal-mine_n and_o lie_v near_o the_o coal_n lay_v on_o meadow_n and_o pasture-land_n to_o a_o very_a considerable_a advantage_n many_o instance_n of_o wonderful_a improvement_n make_v by_o mix_v of_o soil_n of_o contrary_a nature_n you_o may_v find_v in_o several_a of_o our_o modern_a rural_a author_n between_o these_o two_o extreme_n your_o ordinary_a dung_n or_o soil_n be_v best_a meadow_n for_o other_o meadow_n bestow_v on_o your_o meadow_n and_o pasture_n not_o so_o much_o incline_v either_o way_n for_o it_o be_v a_o very_a principal_a part_n of_o good_a husbandry_n to_o apply_v the_o soil_n or_o compost_n proper_o as_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o ground_n require_v whereof_o you_o may_v find_v more_o hereafter_o in_o the_o chapter_n of_o soil_n dung_n etc._n etc._n sect_n iv_o of_o several_a new_a species_n of_o hay_n or_o grass_n it_o be_v find_v by_o daily_a experience_n not_o only_o in_o foreign_a part_n but_o in_o our_o own_o country_n that_o a_o very_a great_a improvement_n may_v be_v make_v on_o the_o great_a part_n of_o our_o land_n by_o alter_v the_o species_n of_o such_o vegetable_n that_o be_v natural_o produce_v total_o suppress_v the_o one_o and_o propagate_a another_o in_o its_o place_n which_o may_v rejoice_v and_o thrive_v better_o there_o than_o that_o before_o as_o we_o evident_o see_v by_o corn_n sow_v on_o land_n where_o hardly_o grass_n will_v have_v grow_v what_o a_o crop_n you_o reap_v but_o these_o be_v but_o annual_n that_o which_o raise_v the_o great_a advantage_n to_o the_o husbandman_n be_v what_o annual_o yield_v its_o increase_n without_o a_o renovation_n of_o expense_n in_o plough_v and_o sow_v as_o we_o find_v in_o the_o clover-grass_n or_o great_a trefoyl_n st._n foyn_n or_o holy-hay_a la_fw-fr lucern_n spurrey-seed_n trefoyl_n none-such_a etc._n etc._n whereof_o apart_o this_o grass_n have_v bear_v the_o name_n and_o be_v esteem_v the_o most_o principal_a clover-grass_n of_o the_o clover-grass_n of_o grass_n both_o for_o the_o great_a improvement_n it_o bring_v by_o its_o prodigious_a burden_n and_o by_o the_o excellency_n of_o the_o grass_n or_o hay_n for_o food_n for_o cattle_n and_o be_v much_o sow_v and_o use_v in_o flanders_n and_o in_o holland_n precedent_n to_o the_o whole_a world_n for_o good_a husbandry_n in_o brabant_n they_o speak_v of_o keep_v four_o cow_n winter_n and_o summer_n on_o a_o acre_n some_o cut_n and_o lay_v up_o for_o fodder_n other_o cut_v and_o eat_v green_a here_o in_o england_n they_o say_v a_o acre_n have_v keep_v four_o coach-horse_n and_o more_o all_o summer_n long_o but_o if_o it_o keep_v but_o two_o cow_n it_o be_v advantage_n enough_o upon_o such_o land_n as_o never_o keep_v one_o you_o may_v mow_v the_o first_o crop_n in_o the_o midst_n or_o end_n of_o may_n and_o lay_v that_o up_o for_o hay_n if_o it_o grow_v not_o too_o strong_a it_o will_v be_v exceed_o good_a and_o rich_a and_o feed_v any_o thing_n then_o reserve_v the_o next_o for_o seed_n which_o may_v yield_v four_o bushel_n upon_o a_o acre_n each_o bushel_n be_v worth_a three_o or_o four_o pound_n a_o bushel_n which_o will_v amount_v to_o the_o repute_a value_n of_o ten_o or_o twelve_o pound_n per_fw-la acre_n and_o after_o that_o crop_n also_o it_o may_v be_v feed_v it_o have_v also_o this_o property_n that_o after_o the_o grow_v of_o the_o clover-grass_n three_o or_o four_o year_n it_o will_v so_o frame_v the_o earth_n that_o it_o will_v be_v very_o fit_a for_o corn_n again_o which_o will_v prove_v a_o very_a great_a advantage_n and_o then_o again_o for_o clover_n thus_o far_o mr._n improver_n english_a improver_n blithe_n other_o say_v it_o will_v last_v five_o year_n and_o then_o also_o yield_v three_o or_o four_o year_n together_o rich_a crop_n of_o wheat_n and_o after_o that_o a_o crop_n of_o oat_n in_o the_o annotation_n upon_o mr._n hartlib_n legacy_n we_o find_v several_a computation_n of_o the_o great_a advantage_n have_v be_v make_v by_o sow_v clover-grass_n as_o that_o a_o parcel_n of_o ground_n a_o little_a above_o two_o acre_n the_o second_o year_n do_v yield_v in_o may_n two_o load_v of_o hay_n worth_a five_o pound_n the_o next_o crop_n for_o seed_n be_v ripe_a in_o august_n and_o yield_v three_o very_a great_a load_v worth_a nine_o pound_n that_o year_n the_o seed_n be_v 300_o l._n which_o with_o the_o hay_n be_v value_v at_o thirty_o pound_n beside_o the_o after-pasture_n another_o precedent_n be_v that_o on_o four_o acre_n there_o grow_v twelve_o load_v of_o hay_n at_o twice_o mow_v and_o twenty_o bushel_n of_o seed_n one_o load_n of_o the_o hay_n mow_v in_o may_n be_v worth_a two_o load_v of_o the_o best_a of_o other_o hay_n and_o the_o after-pasture_n three_o time_n better_o than_o any_o other_o the_o four_o acre_n yield_v in_o one_o year_n fourscore_o pound_n another_o that_o six_o acre_n of_o clover_n do_v maintain_v for_o half_a a_o year_n thirteen_o cow_n ten_o ox_n three_o horse_n and_o twenty_o six_o hog_n which_o be_v value_v at_o forty_o pound_n beside_o the_o winter-herbage_n the_o aforesaid_a precedent_n and_o valuation_n seem_v prodigious_a unless_o clover-grass_n the_o best_a land_n for_o clover-grass_n a_o rich_a light_a land_n warm_a and_o dry_a be_v sow_o therewith_o in_o which_o it_o principal_o delight_v and_o than_o it_o may_v probable_o answer_v the_o say_a valuation_n and_o must_v needs_o be_v a_o very_a high_a improvement_n although_o the_o ground_n be_v good_a and_o profitable_a before_o it_o will_v also_o prosper_v and_o thrive_v on_o any_o corn-land_n well_o manure_v or_o soil_v and_o bring_v into_o perfect_a tillage_n old_a land_n be_v it_o course_n or_o rich_a long_o untilled_a be_v best_a for_o corn_n and_o best_a and_o most_o certain_a for_o clover-grass_n and_o when_o you_o have_v corn_v your_o land_n as_o much_o as_o you_o intend_v then_o to_o sow_v it_o with_o clover_n be_v the_o proper_a season_n land_n too_o rich_a for_o corn_n can_v be_v too_o rich_a for_o clover_n poor_a land_n be_v not_o fit_a for_o clover_n unless_o burn_v or_o denshire_v as_o we_o shall_v hereafter_o direct_v or_o lime_v marled_a or_o otherwise_o manure_v and_o then_o will_v it_o bring_v forth_o good_a clover_n a_o acre_n of_o ground_n will_v take_v about_o ten_o pound_n of_o your_o clover-grass_n acre_n quantity_n of_o seed_n for_o a_o acre_n seed_n which_o be_v in_o measure_n somewhat_o above_o half_a a_o peck_n according_a to_o sir_n richard_n weston_n the_o quantity_n of_o seed_n for_o a_o acre_n mr._n blithe_n conceive_v will_v be_v a_o gallon_n or_o nine_o or_o ten_o pound_n which_o agree_v with_o the_o other_o but_o if_o it_o be_v husky_a which_o save_v labour_n in_o cleanse_v of_o it_o and_o also_o sow_n better_o by_o fill_v the_o hand_n than_o mix_v with_o any_o other_o thing_n you_o must_v endeavour_v to_o find_v out_o a_o true_a proportion_n according_a to_o the_o cleanness_n or_o foulness_n you_o make_v it_o but_o be_v sure_a to_o sow_v enough_o rather_o too_o much_o than_o too_o little_a for_o the_o more_o there_o be_v the_o better_a it_o shadow_v the_o ground_n some_o have_v sow_v fifteen_o pound_n on_o a_o acre_n with_o good_a success_n ten_o pound_n some_o judge_n to_o be_v of_o the_o least_o however_o let_v the_o seed_n be_v new_a and_o of_o the_o best_a which_o the_o english_a be_v esteem_v to_o be_v the_o usual_a way_n be_v thus_o advise_v when_o you_o have_v fit_v your_o land_n clover-grass_n the_o
the_o land_n whereon_o it_o have_v stand_v for_o many_o year_n and_o not_o barrennize_v it_o as_o it_o usual_a with_o annual_a seed_n you_o may_v break_v it_o up_o and_o sow_v it_o with_o corn_n till_o it_o be_v out_o of_o heart_n and_o then_o sow_v it_o with_o st._n foyn_v as_o former_o it_o will_v thrive_v on_o dry_a and_o barren_a ground_n where_o hardly_o any_o thing_n else_o will_v the_o root_n be_v great_a and_o deep_a be_v not_o so_o soon_o dry_v by_o the_o parch_a heat_n of_o the_o sun_n as_o of_o other_o grass_n they_o be_v it_o must_v be_v sow_v in_o far_o great_a quantity_n than_o the_o clover-seed_n it_o quantity_n of_o seed_n on_o a_o acre_n and_o manner_n of_o sow_v of_o it_o because_o the_o seed_n be_v much_o large_a and_o light_a it_o may_v be_v sow_v with_o oat_n or_o barley_n as_o the_o clover_n about_o equal_a part_n with_o the_o grain_n you_o sow_v it_o will_v serve_v always_o remember_v you_o sow_v your_o grain_n but_o thin_a be_v sure_a you_o make_v your_o ground_n fine_a for_o this_o and_o other_o french_a seed_n as_o you_o usual_o do_v for_o barley_n fear_v not_o the_o sow_v of_o the_o seed_n too_o thick_a for_o be_v thick_a they_o soon_o stock_n the_o ground_n and_o destroy_v all_o other_o grass_n and_o weed_n some_o advice_n to_o how_o these_o seed_n in_o like_a pease_n in_o range_v though_o not_o so_o far_o distant_a the_o better_a to_o destroy_v the_o weed_n between_o it_o this_o will_v bear_v this_o way_n of_o husbandry_n better_o than_o the_o clover_n because_o that_o have_v but_o a_o small_a root_n and_o require_v to_o shadow_v the_o ground_n more_o than_o this_o feed_v it_o not_o the_o first_o year_n because_o the_o sweetness_n thereof_o will_v provoke_v the_o cattle_n to_o bite_v too_o near_o the_o ground_n very_o much_o to_o the_o injury_n of_o your_o st._n foyn_v but_o you_o may_v mow_v it_o with_o your_o barley_n or_o oat_n or_o if_o sow_o by_o itself_o the_o first_o year_n of_o la_fw-fr lucerne_n in_o the_o next_o place_n this_o plant_n la_fw-fr lucerne_n be_v commend_v for_o a_o excellent_a fodder_n and_o by_o some_o prefer_v before_o st._n foyn_n as_o be_v require_v what_o ground_n it_o require_v very_o advantageous_a to_o dry_v and_o barren_a ground_n it_o be_v manage_v like_o the_o former_a seed_n some_o write_v that_o it_o require_v a_o moist_a ground_n and_o rich_a other_o a_o dry_a so_o that_o we_o may_v conclude_v it_o have_v prove_v well_o on_o all_o the_o land_n must_v be_v well_o dress_v and_o three_o time_n fallowed_a the_o time_n for_o sow_v it_o be_v after_o the_o cold_a weather_n be_v over_o about_o it_o time_n and_o manner_n of_o sow_v of_o it_o the_o middle_n of_o april_n some_o oat_n may_v be_v sow_v therewith_o but_o in_o a_o small_a proportion_n the_o seed_n be_v very_o small_a therefore_o the_o six_o part_n of_o it_o be_v allot_v to_o a_o acre_n as_o be_v require_v of_o any_o other_o grain_n one_o bushel_n thereof_o go_v as_o far_o as_o six_o of_o corn_n it_o may_v be_v mow_v twice_o a_o year_n and_o feed_v all_o the_o winter_n the_o hay_n must_v be_v well_o dry_v and_o house_v for_o it_o be_v otherwise_o bad_a to_o keep_v it_o be_v good_a use_n it_o be_v use_n for_o all_o kind_n of_o cattle_n but_o above_o all_o it_o agree_v best_a with_o horse_n it_o feed_v much_o more_o than_o ordinary_a hay_n that_o lean_a beast_n be_v sudden_o fat_a with_o it_o it_o cause_v abundance_n of_o milk_n in_o milch-beast_n it_o must_v be_v give_v at_o the_o first_o with_o caution_n as_o before_o we_o direct_v concern_v the_o clover_n that_o be_v mix_v with_o straw_n or_o hay_n you_o may_v also_o feed_v all_o sort_n of_o cattle_n with_o it_o green_a all_o the_o summer_n it_o be_v best_a to_o mow_v it_o but_o once_o a_o year_n it_o will_v last_v ten_o or_o twelve_o year_n if_o you_o desire_v the_o seed_n when_o it_o be_v ripe_a cut_v off_o the_o top_n in_o a_o dewy_a morning_n and_o put_v into_o sheet_n for_o fear_n of_o lose_v the_o seed_n and_o when_o they_o be_v dry_a thrash_v they_o thereon_o the_o remain_a stalk_n may_v be_v mow_v for_o hay_n by_o eat_v this_o grass_n in_o the_o spring_n horse_n be_v purge_v and_o make_v fat_a in_o eight_o or_o ten_o day_n time_n one_o acre_n will_v keep_v three_o horse_n all_o the_o year_n long_o hartlib_n legacy_n sect_n v._o of_o some_o other_o grass_n or_o hays_n this_o be_v a_o kind_n of_o st._n foyn_n and_o by_o some_o judge_v to_o be_v the_o same_o esparcet_n esparcet_n this_o be_v a_o grain_n annual_o sow_v in_o france_n and_o other_o country_n vetch_n la_fw-fr rome_n yn_n or_o french_a tare_n or_o vetch_n very_o quick_a of_o growth_n and_o excellent_a food_n for_o cattle_n especial_o for_o horse_n and_o after_o the_o feed_n of_o it_o the_o former_a part_n of_o the_o summer_n it_o may_v be_v let_v grow_v for_o hay_o it_o be_v not_o so_o good_a as_o la_fw-fr lucerne_n because_o this_o be_v annual_a the_o other_o of_o long_a continuance_n only_o this_o will_v grow_v on_o dry_a and_o poor_a land_n than_o lucerne_n wherein_o it_o exceed_v it_o in_o the_o low-countries_n they_o usual_o sow_v it_o twice_o in_o a_o summer_n the_o spurrey-seed_n spurrey-seed_n first_o in_o may_n in_o june_n and_o july_n it_o will_v be_v in_o flower_n and_o in_o august_n the_o seed_n be_v usual_o ripe_a the_o second_o time_n of_o sow_v be_v after_o rye-harvest_n which_o ground_n they_o usual_o plough_v up_o and_o sow_v it_o with_o spurrey-seed_n that_o it_o may_v grow_v up_o and_o serve_v their_o kine_n after_o all_o late_a grass_n be_v eat_v up_o till_o new-years-day_n this_o pasture_n make_v excellent_a butter_n prefer_v by_o many_o before_o may-butter_n hen_n will_v greedy_o eat_v the_o herb_n and_o it_o make_v they_o lay_v the_o more_o eggs._n hartlib_n legacy_n hop_v clover_n trefoyl_n or_o three-leaved_n grass_n be_v both_o fine_a and_o sweet_a trefoyl_n trefoyl_n than_o the_o great_a clover-grass_n it_o will_v grow_v in_o any_o ground_n it_o may_v be_v sow_o with_o corn_n as_o before_o or_o without_o or_o be_v sprinkle_v in_o meadow_n will_v exceed_o mend_v the_o hay_n both_o in_o burden_n and_o goodness_n at_o maddington_n in_o wiltshire_n about_o nine_o mile_n from_o salisbury_n wiltshire_n long_o grass_n in_o wiltshire_n grow_v a_o grass_n in_o a_o small_a plat_v of_o meadow-ground_n which_o grass_n in_o some_o year_n grow_v to_o a_o prodigious_a length_n sometime_o twenty_o four_o foot_n long_o but_o not_o in_o height_n as_o be_v usual_o report_v but_o creep_v on_o the_o ground_n or_o at_o least_o touch_v the_o ground_n at_o several_a of_o the_o knot_n of_o the_o grass_n it_o be_v extraordinary_a sweet_a and_o not_o so_o easy_o propagate_v as_o have_v be_v imagine_v the_o length_n thereof_o be_v occasion_v by_o the_o wash_n of_o a_o decline_a sheep-down_a that_o the_o rain_n in_o a_o hasty_a shower_n bring_v with_o it_o much_o of_o the_o fatness_n of_o the_o sheep-dung_n over_o the_o meadow_n so_o that_o in_o such_o spring_n that_o be_v not_o subject_a to_o such_o shower_n or_o at_o least_o from_o some_o certain_a coast_n this_o grass_n thrive_v not_o so_o well_o the_o ground_n be_v then_o no_o better_a than_o another_o this_o herb_n so_o little_o esteem_v because_o not_o far_o fetch_v be_v a_o saxifrage_n saxifrage_n excellent_a and_o proper_a herb_n to_o be_v nourish_v or_o sow_o in_o meadow_n for_o among_o all_o housewife_n it_o be_v hold_v for_o a_o infallible_a rule_n that_o where_o saxifrage_n grow_v there_o you_o shall_v never_o have_v ill_a cheese_n or_o butter_n especial_o cheese_n whence_o it_o come_v that_o the_o netherlands_o abound_v much_o in_o that_o commodity_n and_o only_o as_o be_v suppose_v through_o the_o plenty_n of_o that_o herb._n these_o and_o many_o other_o most_o rare_a and_o excellent_a plant_n there_o be_v which_o if_o they_o be_v advance_v or_o propagate_v that_o they_o may_v open_o manifest_v their_o worth_n may_v be_v of_o much_o more_o advantage_n to_o the_o laborious_a husbandman_n than_o the_o short_a sour_a and_o natural_o wild_a and_o barren_a grass_n mix_v with_o a_o superabundant_a proportion_n of_o pernicious_a weed_n therefore_o it_o will_v be_v very_o acceptable_a service_n to_o the_o whole_a nation_n if_o those_o that_o have_v land_n enough_o will_v yearly_o prove_v some_o small_a proportion_n of_o these_o and_o other_o vegetable_n not_o yet_o bring_v into_o common_a use_n by_o which_o mean_n they_o will_v not_o only_o advance_v their_o own_o estate_n but_o the_o whole_a nation_n in_o general_n and_o gain_v unto_o themselves_o a_o everlasting_a fame_n and_o honour_n as_o do_v the_o family_n of_o piso_n fabius_n lentulus_n and_o cicero_n by_o bring_v into_o use_n the_o several_a pulse_n now_o call_v by_o their_o name_n chap._n iu._n of_o arable_a land_n and_o
tillage_n and_o of_o the_o several_a grain_n pulse_n etc._n etc._n usual_o propagate_v by_o the_o plough_n in_o great_a esteem_n and_o most_o worthy_a of_o our_o care_n be_v the_o arable_a land_n yield_v unto_o the_o laborious_a husbandman_n the_o most_o necessary_a sustentation_n this_o life_n require_v but_o not_o without_o industry_n and_o toil_n the_o plough_n be_v the_o most_o happy_a instrument_n that_o ever_o be_v discover_v the_o inventor_n of_o the_o use_n whereof_o be_v by_o the_o heathen_n celebrate_v as_o a_o goddess_n prima_fw-la ceres_n ferro_fw-la mortales_fw-la vertere_fw-la terram_fw-la virgil._n virgil._n instituit_fw-la but_o the_o plough_n itself_o triptolemus_n be_v say_v to_o have_v invent_v pliny_n pliny_n this_o art_n be_v always_o in_o esteem_n as_o before_o in_o the_o preface_n we_o have_v show_v and_o from_o this_o part_n thereof_o be_v the_o most_o principal_a do_v it_o take_v its_o name_n of_o agriculture_n from_o the_o tilling_n of_o the_o land_n with_o the_o plough_n or_o with_o the_o spade_n the_o more_o ancient_a instrument_n though_o not_o more_o necessary_a and_o beneficial_a and_o since_o its_o first_o invention_n have_v there_o be_v many_o several_a improvement_n make_v of_o it_o for_o the_o more_o facile_a and_o commodious_a use_n thereof_o and_o every_o day_n almost_o and_o in_o every_o place_n do_v the_o ingenious_a husbandman_n endeavour_v to_o excel_v the_o slothful_a in_o this_o most_o necessary_a art_n that_o from_o a_o burdensome_a and_o toilsome_a labour_n it_o be_v in_o some_o place_n become_v but_o a_o please_a and_o profitable_a exercise_n and_o it_o be_v hope_v that_o by_o those_o precedent_n and_o example_n the_o more_o vulgar_a will_v be_v provoke_v to_o a_o more_o universal_a use_n of_o that_o which_o be_v best_a and_o most_o advantageous_a to_o themselves_o as_o well_o as_o the_o public_a more_o of_o this_o instrument_n see_v hereafter_o in_o this_o treatise_n sect_n i._o what_o land_n be_v improve_v by_o tillage_n non_fw-la omnis_fw-la fert_fw-la omne_fw-la tellus_fw-la every_o sort_n of_o land_n almost_o require_v a_o different_a husbandry_n some_o ground_n produce_v plenty_n of_o that_o which_o on_o another_o will_v not_o grow_v this_o be_v none_o of_o the_o mean_a part_n of_o the_o husbandman_n skill_n to_o understand_v what_o be_v most_o proper_a to_o be_v propagate_v on_o each_o sort_n of_o land_n the_o strong_a and_o stiff_a ground_n receive_v the_o great_a improvement_n from_o the_o plough_n and_o the_o mellow_a warm_a and_o light_n from_o other_o plantation_n of_o fruit_n etc._n etc._n densa_fw-la magis_fw-la cereri_fw-la rarissima_fw-la quaeque_fw-la lyaeo_n virgil._n virgil._n although_o the_o best_a warm_a and_o light_a land_n yield_v most_o excellent_a corn_n yet_o the_o other_o sort_n of_o land_n yield_v not_o so_o good_a fruit_n plant_n grass_n hay_o etc._n etc._n also_o necessary_a for_o the_o husbandman_n therefore_o our_o principal_a design_n must_v be_v to_o appropriate_v each_o sort_n to_o that_o method_n of_o husbandry_n most_o natural_a unto_o it_o that_o where_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o land_n differ_v which_o it_o usual_o do_v in_o the_o same_o parish_n and_o many_o time_n in_o one_o and_o the_o same_o farm_n and_o sometime_o in_o the_o same_o field_n that_o there_o may_v be_v use_v a_o different_a way_n we_o have_v before_o discourse_v of_o what_o land_n be_v fit_a for_o meadow_n and_o pasture_n and_o now_o shall_v give_v you_o those_o direction_n i_o find_v to_o know_v what_o be_v most_o proper_a for_o the_o plough_n the_o strong_a and_o stiff_a as_o we_o say_v before_o and_o also_o the_o cold_a and_o moist_a and_o that_o which_o lie_v obvious_a to_o the_o extremity_n of_o cold_a or_o heat_n as_o be_v most_o of_o the_o champion_n or_o field-land_n for_o there_o may_v be_v sow_o such_o seed_n that_o natural_o affect_v such_o place_n until_o they_o be_v reduce_v and_o better_o qualify_v by_o enclosure_n the_o first_o and_o main_a principle_n of_o improvement_n also_o mossy_a and_o rusty_a ground_n be_v much_o improve_v by_o plough_v and_o ground_n subject_a to_o pernicious_a weed_n may_v be_v much_o advantage_v by_o destroy_v the_o weed_n and_o propagate_a good_a corn_n or_o other_o tillage_n in_o the_o room_n thereof_o all_o clay_n stiff_a cold_a and_o moist_a ground_n be_v general_o thrice_o moist_a the_o manner_n of_o plough_v or_o husband_v each_o sort_n clay_n stiff_a cold_a and_o moist_a plough_v in_o the_o spring_n summer_n and_o at_o seedtime_n for_o wheat_n and_o four_o time_n for_o barley_n if_o it_o be_v the_o first_o grain_n sow_o after_o long_o rest_v which_o in_o most_o place_n be_v not_o usual_a these_o several_a ploughing_n or_o fallowing_n be_v very_o advantageous_a to_o ground_n in_o several_a respect_n 1._o it_o lay_v the_o ground_n by_o degree_n in_o ridge_n in_o such_o order_n as_o the_o nature_n thereof_o require_v for_o the_o more_o in_o number_n and_o the_o high_a the_o ridge_n the_o better_a they_o be_v for_o wheat_n which_o natural_o delight_v in_o a_o moist_a ground_n so_o that_o it_o be_v lay_v dry_a that_o be_v not_o subject_a to_o be_v drown_v or_o over-glutted_n with_o water_n in_o moist_n year_n and_o this_o method_n of_o lay_v the_o ridge_n much_o prevent_v the_o blast_a of_o wheat_n for_o wheat_n be_v easy_o overcharge_v with_o water_n either_o in_o winter_n or_o summer_n 2._o this_o often_o stir_v the_o land_n make_v it_o light_n and_o fit_a for_o the_o seed_n to_o take_v root_n therein_o the_o clod_n be_v apt_a to_o dissolve_v by_o be_v expose_v to_o the_o weather_n and_o often_o break_v by_o the_o plough_n 3._o it_o kill_v the_o weed_n which_o in_o strong_a land_n be_v apt_a to_o overrun_v the_o corn._n 4._o it_o fertilize_v land_n the_o sun_n and_o the_o full_a be_v some_o husbandman_n soil_n virgil_n also_o seem_v to_o hint_n as_o much_o where_o he_o say_v pingue_n solum_fw-la primis_fw-la exemplo_fw-la à _fw-la mensibus_fw-la anni_fw-la fort_n invertant_fw-la tauri_n glebasque_fw-la jacentes_fw-la pulverulenta_fw-la coquat_fw-la maturis_fw-la solibus_fw-la aestas_fw-la 5._o it_o defend_v the_o corn_n much_o from_o the_o extremity_n of_o wether_n especial_o cold_a wind_n for_o the_o more_o uneven_a any_o piece_n of_o land_n be_v the_o better_a it_o bear_v the_o extremity_n of_o the_o winter_n for_o which_o reason_n in_o the_o open_a champion_n where_o the_o land_n be_v dry_a and_o they_o do_v not_o lay_v up_o their_o ridge_n as_o in_o other_o place_n yet_o they_o harrow_v it_o but_o little_a and_o leave_v it_o as_o rough_a as_o they_o can_v for_o no_o other_o cause_n but_o to_o break_v the_o fleet_a wind_n the_o gardiner_n near_a london_n now_o seem_v to_o imitate_v this_o practice_n by_o lay_v their_o garden_n in_o ridge_n not_o only_o the_o better_a to_o shelter_v their_o seed_n from_o the_o cold_a wind_n but_o also_o to_o give_v it_o a_o advantage_n of_o the_o sun_n as_o i_o myself_o prove_v it_o many_o year_n since_o that_o pease_n sow_o on_o the_o southside_n of_o small_a bed_n so_o raise_v that_o they_o seem_v to_o respond_v the_o elevation_n of_o the_o pole_n prosper_v well_o and_o pass_v the_o winter_n better_o and_o be_v much_o early_o in_o the_o spring_n than_o those_o otherwise_o plant_v but_o in_o case_n you_o intend_v to_o sow_v barley_n first_o therein_o after_o the_o three_o fallow_v it_o must_v lie_v over_o the_o winter_n that_o the_o frost_n may_v the_o better_a temper_n it_o for_o the_o seedtime_n when_o it_o be_v to_o be_v plough_v again_o if_o for_o pease_n or_o bean_n once_o fallow_v before_o winter_n serve_v the_o turn_n if_o it_o have_v a_o good_a sward_n or_o turf_n on_o it_o i_o rather_o advise_v you_o to_o denshire_n or_o burn_v it_o the_o summer_n before_o you_o sow_v it_o this_o be_v the_o more_o expeditious_a and_o advantageous_a way_n it_o spend_v the_o acid_n moisture_n a_o enemy_n to_o vegetation_n it_o kill_v the_o weed_n and_o bring_v the_o land_n quick_o to_o a_o fine_a light_a temper_n other_o sort_n of_o land_n improveable_a by_o the_o plough_n be_v very_o good_a land_n rich_a and_o mellow_a land_n rich_a mix_a land_n and_o of_o a_o black_a mould_n nigra_n fere_n &_o pinguis_fw-la virgil._n virgil._n optima_fw-la frumentis_fw-la or_o of_o any_o other_o colour_n that_o have_v lie_v long_o for_o pasture_n till_o it_o be_v overgrow_v with_o moss_n weed_n or_o suchlike_a which_o will_v as_o soon_o grow_v on_o rich_a land_n as_o poor_a to_o these_o land_n plough_v be_v not_o only_o a_o medicine_n or_o cure_n but_o raise_v a_o immediate_a advantage_n and_o much_o benefit_v the_o land_n for_o the_o future_a in_o case_n you_o take_v but_o a_o crop_n or_o two_o at_o a_o time_n and_o lay_v it_o down_o for_o pasture_n again_o well_o soil_v or_o else_o sow_o with_o some_o of_o the_o new_a grass_n or_o hays_n before_o name_v but_o if_o not_o yet_o only_o by_o soil_v it_o the_o year_n before_o you_o lay_v
it_o down_o it_o may_v yield_v a_o very_a good_a grass_n after_o the_o corn_n be_v carry_v off_o and_o soon_o come_v to_o a_o sward_n the_o land_n be_v to_o be_v lay_v in_o height_n according_a as_o it_o be_v inclinable_a to_o moisture_n or_o drought_n new_a break_a ground_n if_o it_o be_v sow_v with_o pease_n the_o first_o year_n save_v one_o plough_v and_o a_o good_a part_n of_o the_o herbage_n the_o summer_n before_o it_o also_o destroy_v the_o weed_n and_o better_a prepare_v the_o land_n for_o any_o other_o grain_n in_o every_o part_n of_o england_n there_o be_v much_o waste_a land_n and_o other_o land_n poor_a and_o barren_a land_n old_a pasture_n that_o bear_v the_o name_n of_o barren_a land_n although_o for_o the_o most_o part_n by_o good_a husbandry_n it_o may_v be_v reduce_v into_o tillage_n and_o become_v very_o fruitful_a and_o advantageous_a to_o the_o husbandman_n in_o particular_a and_o commonwealth_n in_o general_a as_o be_v evident_a in_o many_o particular_a parcel_n late_o enclose_v and_o take_v out_o of_o the_o suppose_a barren_a heath_n and_o commons_o that_o be_v now_o fruitful_a field_n therefore_o before_o any_o thing_n considerable_a can_v be_v effect_v to_o the_o improvement_n and_o right_n order_v of_o these_o sort_n of_o land_n the_o design_n of_o enclosure_n ought_v to_o be_v serious_o prosecute_v but_o for_o such_o that_o be_v already_o enclose_v and_o yet_o remain_v barren_a and_o unfruitful_a it_o be_v a_o manifest_a sign_n of_o the_o ill_a management_n of_o the_o proprietor_n or_o that_o the_o tenant_n in_o possession_n have_v but_o a_o short_a time_n or_o that_o he_o be_v oblige_v not_o to_o alter_v the_o nature_n and_o order_n of_o the_o ground_n or_o which_o be_v too_o common_a that_o the_o present_a charge_n of_o good_a husbandry_n exceed_v a_o ill_a husband_n store_n his_o poor_a and_o beggarly_a farm_n have_v waste_v what_o he_o have_v and_o he_o have_v no_o more_o to_o try_v new_a conclusion_n withal_o and_o in_o this_o condition_n be_v abundance_n of_o land_n in_o this_o kingdom_n barren_a land_n poor_a cattle_n and_o bad_a corn_n do_v insensible_o as_o it_o be_v devour_v we_o because_o once_o in_o five_o or_o seven_o year_n in_o a_o very_a wet_a summer_n or_o suchlike_a when_o the_o rich_a vale_n suffer_v these_o barren_a land_n yield_v a_o considerable_a advantage_n which_o as_o a_o lottery_n encourage_v we_o to_o beggary_n the_o best_a and_o speedy_a way_n to_o reduce_v these_o land_n that_o have_v long_o lie_v untilled_a and_o that_o have_v a_o sward_n either_o of_o sour_a grass_n or_o of_o rush_n weed_n or_o suchlike_a or_o of_o heathy_a goss_n fern_n or_o broom_n by_o which_o mean_n they_o have_v contract_v a_o evil_a juice_n injurious_a to_o vegetation_n and_o withal_o a_o fertile_a terrestrial_a salt_n the_o best_a way_n i_o say_v to_o improve_v and_o reduce_v these_o land_n into_o tillage_n be_v to_o burn_v boot_n or_o denshire_v they_o as_o be_v hereafter_o show_v which_o way_n be_v use_v on_o the_o barren_a and_o poor_a land_n in_o england_n or_o wales_n where_o before_o hardly_o any_o thing_n will_v grow_v now_o will_v grow_v as_o good_a wheat_n or_o other_o grain_n as_o on_o the_o best_a land_n you_o have_v many_o precedent_n hereof_o there_o be_v in_o several_a place_n of_o england_n where_o in_o two_o or_o three_o year_n by_o this_o only_a mean_n the_o husbandman_n gain_v as_o much_o above_o all_o expense_n as_o the_o purchase_n of_o the_o land_n be_v worth_a before_o observe_v only_o this_o caution_n that_o you_o be_v not_o too_o greedy_a to_o sow_v it_o so_o often_o till_o you_o have_v draw_v out_o the_o heart_n of_o the_o land_n which_o then_o it_o will_v easy_o yield_v that_o it_o must_v lie_v rest_v many_o year_n to_o gain_v a_o sward_n again_o nor_o that_o you_o expend_v the_o soil_n make_v of_o the_o straw_n on_o other_o land_n which_o ill_a husbandry_n be_v general_o use_v that_o it_o bring_v a_o ill_a name_n on_o this_o part_n of_o improvement_n which_o if_o well_o soil_v and_o lay_v for_o pasture_n after_o two_o crop_n will_v yield_v a_o very_a good_a grass_n as_o i_o have_v see_v experience_v or_o else_o may_v be_v sow_v with_o new_a hays_n or_o grass_n sect_n ii_o of_o digging_z of_o land_n for_o corn._n the_o spade_n seem_v to_o contend_v with_o the_o plough_n for_o antiquity_n and_o it_o be_v the_o common_a opinion_n that_o it_o be_v in_o use_n before_o it_o the_o spade_n be_v the_o more_o plain_a and_o simple_a instrument_n and_o withal_o the_o laborious_a the_o plough_n seem_v to_o be_v a_o invention_n for_o expedition_n ease_n and_o advantage_n to_o which_o general_o all_o new_a invention_n shall_v tend_v but_o that_o now_o at_o last_o the_o spade_n shall_v supplant_v the_o plough_n i_o see_v no_o reason_n for_o as_o the_o one_o be_v necessary_a and_o useful_a for_o the_o better_a propagate_a of_o plant_n that_o take_v deep_a root_n so_o be_v the_o other_o as_o necessary_a and_o profitable_a for_o such_o that_o root_n more_o shallow_a as_o corn_n and_o pulse_n usual_o do_v other_o difference_n seem_v to_o be_v in_o the_o loosen_a and_o temper_v the_o ground_n for_o the_o seed_n the_o better_a to_o extend_v and_o spread_v their_o root_n and_o for_o the_o better_a bury_n and_o destroy_v the_o weed_n these_o seem_v to_o be_v of_o great_a importance_n than_o the_o depth_n only_o but_o all_o these_o by_o a_o judicious_a and_o industrious_a husbandman_n be_v remedy_v and_o perform_v by_o the_o plough_n as_o well_o as_o by_o the_o spade_n for_o if_o the_o depth_n of_o the_o mould_n will_v bear_v it_o or_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o seed_n you_o sow_n require_v it_o a_o double_a plough_n the_o one_o succeed_v dig_v deep_o plough_v as_o good_a as_o dig_v the_o other_o in_o depth_n may_v be_v make_v or_o the_o labour_n may_v be_v perform_v by_o two_o plough_n the_o one_o follow_v the_o other_o in_o the_o same_o furrow_n but_o if_o a_o plough_n be_v artificial_o make_v and_o set_v to_o work_v deep_a although_o yond_o plough_n the_o less_o in_o a_o day_n it_o will_v stir_v the_o land_n deep_a enough_o for_o any_o of_o our_o usual_a grain_n or_o pulse_n and_o as_o for_o break_v or_o temper_v the_o land_n and_o destroy_v the_o weed_n plough_v and_o cross_a plough_v at_o several_a season_n will_v do_v more_o and_o at_o less_o expense_n than_o once_o dig_v can_v do_v and_o if_o you_o please_v you_o may_v draw_v over_o the_o same_o before_o your_o last_o plough_v a_o large_a kind_n of_o harrow_n very_o heavy_a or_o with_o a_o sufficient_a weight_n on_o it_o which_o in_o some_o place_n be_v usual_o call_v drag_v this_o extremity_n be_v only_o necessary_a in_o some_o sort_n of_o stiff_a land_n other_o light_a be_v much_o more_o easy_o manage_v mr._n platt_n in_o his_o adam_n tool_n revive_v or_o his_o new_a art_n of_o set_v corn_n where_o he_o so_o much_o contend_v for_o the_o spade_n give_v this_o instance_n of_o the_o plough_n that_o a_o parcel_n of_o land_n first_o cross_v plough_v with_o a_o deep-cutting_a plough_n and_o then_o plough_v over_o the_o three_o time_n with_o a_o shallow_a plough_n that_o make_v very_o close_a and_o narrow_a furrow_n than_o be_v the_o seed_n sow_o by_o a_o skilful_a sower_n and_o then_o harrow_v over_o yield_v fifteen_o quarter_n on_o each_o acre_n so_o till_v and_o sow_o i_o presume_v if_o this_o relation_n may_v upon_o experience_n prove_v true_a that_o none_o will_v be_v so_o much_o conceit_v of_o a_o novelty_n as_o to_o desert_n this_o method_n of_o agriculture_n for_o that_o tedious_a and_o costly_a way_n of_o the_o spade_n but_o in_o case_n it_o do_v not_o annual_o amount_v unto_o such_o a_o prodigious_a increase_n as_o this_o precedent_n yet_o do_v it_o plain_o evidence_n that_o good_a culture_n do_v infinite_o meliorate_v the_o land_n and_o advance_v the_o crop_n and_o manifold_o repay_v the_o expense_n and_o labour_n bestow_v thereon_o which_o be_v the_o most_o you_o can_v expect_v of_o the_o spade_n sect_n iii_o of_o the_o different_a species_n of_o grain_n corn_n pulse_n etc._n etc._n usual_o sow_o or_o necessary_a to_o be_v propagate_v in_o our_o countryfarm_n there_o be_v not_o any_o grain_n more_o universal_o useful_a and_o necessary_a wheat_n wheat_n than_o wheat_n whereof_o there_o be_v several_a sort_n some_o more_o agreeable_a and_o better_a thrive_a on_o some_o sort_n of_o land_n than_o on_o other_o that_o it_o conduce_v much_o to_o the_o husbandman_n advantage_n right_o to_o understand_v the_o natural_a temper_n of_o his_o land_n and_o what_o species_n of_o grain_n and_o particular_a sort_n of_o such_o grain_n best_o agree_v with_o the_o nature_n of_o his_o land_n as_o some_o sort_n of_o land_n bear_v pulse_n better_a than_o corn_n and_o some_o bear_v barley_n better_o than_o wheat_n and_o some_o sort_n of_o wheat_n
prove_v better_a on_o cold_a stiff_a land_n than_o on_o hot_a or_o dry_a etc._n etc._n we_o find_v many_o sort_n of_o wheat_n mention_v in_o our_o rustic_a author_n as_o whole_a straw-wheat_n rivet-wheat_n white_a and_o red_a pollard-wheat_n white_a and_o wheat_n kind_n of_o wheat_n red_a great_a and_o small_a turkey-wheat_n purkey-wheat_n gray-wheat_n flaxen-weat_a i_o suppose_v the_o same_o in_o some_o place_n call_v lammas-wheat_n chiltern_n ograve-wheat_n sarasins-wheat_n with_o several_a other_o name_n though_o it_o be_v probable_a may_v be_v the_o same_o sort_n the_o great_a pollard_n they_o say_v delight_n best_a on_o stiff_a land_n and_o so_o do_v the_o ograve_n flaxen-wheat_n and_o lammas_n on_o indifferent_a land_n and_o sarasins-wheat_n on_o any_o but_o what_o the_o different_a nature_n of_o these_o and_o other_o several_a sort_n be_v and_o in_o what_o land_n they_o most_o principal_o delight_v and_o the_o difference_n of_o their_o culture_n i_o leave_v to_o the_o more_o ingenious_a and_o expert_a husbandman_n to_o find_v out_o and_o discover_v it_o be_v observe_v that_o the_o bearded-wheat_n suffer_v not_o by_o mildew_n because_o the_o beard_n thereof_o be_v a_o kind_n of_o defence_n to_o preserve_v it_o from_o dew_n wheat_n be_v usual_o sow_o in_o the_o autumn_n and_o best_a in_o a_o wet_a season_n triticum_fw-la luto_fw-la hordeum_fw-la pulvere_fw-la conserite_fw-la and_o either_o early_o or_o late_a as_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o land_n and_o situation_n of_o the_o place_n require_v this_o be_v another_o very_a necessary_a grain_n though_o usual_o convert_v barley_n barley_n to_o the_o worst_a use_n of_o any_o that_o grow_v in_o england_n it_o be_v the_o principal_a ingredient_n into_o our_o necessary_a drink_n moderate_o use_v but_o the_o use_n thereof_o in_o excess_n be_v become_v the_o most_o general_a rage_a vice_n and_o as_o it_o be_v the_o primum_fw-la mobile_n to_o most_o other_o detestable_a evil_n it_o be_v also_o a_o bane_n to_o ingenuity_n many_o of_o our_o best_a mechanic_n be_v too_o much_o addict_v to_o the_o tincture_n of_o this_o grain_n nevertheless_o it_o so_o natural_o delight_v in_o our_o mean_a sort_n of_o land_n and_o in_o the_o champion_n country_n that_o it_o be_v become_v a_o principal_a part_n of_o the_o countryman_z tillage_n that_o the_o too_o great_a a_o quantity_n thereof_o do_v impede_fw-la the_o propagation_n of_o several_a other_o grain_n and_o pulse_n much_o more_o necessary_a neither_o know_v i_o any_o way_n to_o remedy_v this_o neglect_n on_o the_o one_o side_n and_o wilfulness_n on_o the_o other_o unless_o the_o design_n of_o enclosure_n may_v take_v effect_n for_o than_o will_v the_o land_n be_v so_o much_o the_o more_o enrich_v that_o they_o will_v bear_v other_o grain_n to_o a_o great_a advantage_n to_o the_o husbandman_n than_o barley_n or_o that_o a_o double_a or_o treble_a tax_n may_v be_v impose_v on_o every_o acre_n of_o barley-land_n for_o what_o it_o be_v on_o other_o grain_n which_o will_v provoke_v the_o husbandman_n to_o that_o which_o will_v be_v most_o for_o his_o advantage_n then_o will_v there_o be_v a_o great_a plenty_n of_o all_o other_o sort_n of_o grain_n and_o pulse_n and_o at_o a_o low_a price_n and_o only_o good_a liquor_n a_o little_a the_o dear_a which_o may_v by_o housekeeper_n the_o easy_o be_v bear_v withal_o the_o season_n for_o sow_v of_o barley_n differ_v according_a to_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o soil_n and_o situation_n of_o the_o place_n some_o sow_n in_o march_n some_o in_o april_n other_o not_o until_o may_v yet_o with_o good_a success_n no_o certain_a rule_n can_v be_v herein_o prescribe_v it_o usual_o prove_v as_o the_o succeed_a wether_n happen_v only_o a_o dry_a time_n be_v most_o kind_o for_o the_o seed_n there_o be_v little_a difference_n observe_v in_o barley_n only_o there_o be_v one_o barley_n difference_n of_o barley_n sort_n call_v rath-ripe_a barley_n which_o be_v usual_o ripe_a two_o or_o three_o week_n before_o the_o other_o and_o delight_v best_a in_o some_o sort_n of_o hot_a and_o dry_a land_n this_o be_v a_o grain_n general_o know_v and_o delight_v in_o a_o dry_a warm_a rye_n rye_n land_n and_o will_v grow_v in_o most_o sort_n of_o land_n so_o that_o the_o earth_n be_v well_o temper_v and_o loose_a it_o need_v not_o so_o rich_a a_o ground_n nor_o so_o much_o care_n nor_o cost_v bestow_v thereon_o as_o do_v the_o wheat_n only_o it_o must_v be_v sow_v in_o a_o dry_a time_n for_o rain_v soon_o drown_v it_o they_o usual_o say_v a_o shower_n of_o rain_n will_v drown_v it_o in_o the_o hopper_n wet_a be_v so_o great_a a_o enemy_n to_o it_o it_o be_v quick_a of_o growth_n soon_o up_o after_o it_o be_v sow_v and_o soon_o in_o the_o ear_n usual_o in_o april_n and_o also_o soon_o ripe_v than_o other_o grain_n yet_o in_o some_o place_n be_v it_o usual_a to_o sow_v wheat_n and_o rye_n mix_v which_o grow_v together_o and_o be_v reap_v together_o but_o the_o rye_n must_v needs_o be_v ripe_a before_o the_o wheat_n neither_o can_v i_o discover_v where_o a_o great_a advantage_n lie_v in_o sow_v they_o together_o than_o in_o sow_v they_o apart_o the_o principal_a season_n of_o sow_v of_o rye_n be_v in_o the_o autumn_n about_o september_n according_a as_o the_o season_n permit_v and_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o ground_n require_v oat_n be_v very_o profitable_a and_o necessary_a grain_n in_o most_o place_n of_o oat_n oat_n england_n they_o be_v the_o most_o principal_a grain_n horse_n affect_v and_o commend_v for_o that_o use_n above_o any_o other_o on_o such_o land_n that_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o cold_a no_o other_o grain_n will_v thrive_v yet_o oat_n grow_v there_o plentiful_o as_o many_o place_n in_o wales_n and_o derbyshire_n can_v witness_v there_o be_v no_o ground_n too_o rich_a nor_o too_o poor_a too_o hot_a nor_o too_o cold_a for_o they_o they_o be_v esteem_v a_o peeler_n of_o the_o ground_n the_o best_a season_n for_o sow_v of_o they_o be_v in_o february_n or_o march_n the_o white_a oat_n be_v the_o best_a and_o heavy_a grain_n the_o meal_n make_v good_a bread_n and_o much_o use_v for_o that_o purpose_n in_o many_o place_n and_o also_o good_a pottage_n and_o several_a other_o mess_n and_o be_v in_o great_a request_n towards_o scotland_n and_o in_o wales_n oaten_a malt_n also_o make_v good_a beer_n it_o be_v a_o grain_n exceed_v advanteous_a on_o barren_a sandy_a land_n french-wheat_n buck-wheat_n or_o french-wheat_n it_o be_v much_o sow_v in_o surrey_n much_o less_o than_o any_o other_o grain_n sow_n a_o acre_n it_o be_v usual_o sow_v as_o barley_n but_o late_a it_o be_v also_o late_o ripe_a and_o yield_v a_o very_a great_a increase_n and_o be_v excellent_a food_n for_o swine_n poultry_n etc._n etc._n after_o it_o be_v mow_v it_o must_v lie_v several_a day_n till_o the_o stalk_n be_v wither_v before_o it_o be_v house_v neither_o be_v there_o any_o danger_n of_o the_o seed_n fall_v from_o it_o our_o rustic_a author_n mention_v several_a other_o sort_n of_o corn_n or_o grain_n other_o sort_n of_o grain_n grain_n as_o xea_n or_o spelt-corn_n far_o millet_n sesame_n rice_n etc._n etc._n which_o i_o shall_v forbear_v to_o particularize_v on_o until_o we_o be_v better_o satisfy_v of_o their_o nature_n and_o use_n and_o experience_v in_o the_o way_n or_o method_n of_o their_o propagation_n of_o all_o pulse_n that_o be_v sow_v or_o propagate_v pease_n claim_v the_o pease_n pease_n pre-eminence_n not_o only_o for_o their_o general_a use_n both_o by_o sea_n and_o land_n both_o for_o man_n and_o beast_n but_o also_o for_o the_o diversity_n of_o their_o kind_n almost_o for_o every_o sort_n of_o land_n and_o for_o every_o season_n a_o different_a sort_n of_o pease_n some_o be_v white_a pease_n some_o gray_a green_a etc._n etc._n not_o necessary_a here_o to_o be_v enumerate_v every_o understand_a husbandman_n know_v what_o sort_v best_a accord_n with_o his_o land_n in_o a_o stiff_a fertile_a ground_n they_o yield_v a_o very_a considerable_a crop_n without_o such_o frequent_a fallowing_n as_o other_o grain_n require_v and_o destroy_v the_o weed_n and_o fit_a and_o prepare_v the_o land_n for_o after-crop_n be_v a_o improver_n and_o not_o a_o impoverisher_n of_o land_n as_o husbandman_n usual_o observe_v this_o also_o be_v of_o general_a use_n and_o benefit_n and_o place_v before_o any_o bean_n bean_n other_o pulse_n by_o pliny_n for_o its_o commodiousness_n both_o for_o man_n and_o beast_n yet_o we_o find_v the_o pease_n to_o be_v more_o universal_o propagate_v of_o bean_n there_o be_v several_a sort_n the_o great_a garden-bean_n and_o middle_a sort_n of_o bean_n and_o the_o small_a bean_n or_o horse-bean_n the_o late_a only_a be_v usual_o sow_v in_o plough_v land_n and_o delight_n principal_o in_o stiff_a and_o strong_a ground_n and_o thrive_v not_o in_o light_n sandy_a or_o barren_a they_o be_v proper_a to_o be_v sow_o
in_o land_n at_o the_o first_o break_v up_o where_o you_o intend_v afterward_o to_o sow_v other_o grain_n because_o they_o destroy_v the_o weed_n and_o improve_v the_o land_n as_o general_o do_v all_o other_o cod-ware_n of_o the_o other_o sort_n of_o bean_n and_o also_o of_o pease_n we_o shall_v say_v more_o hereafter_o in_o this_o treatise_n the_o citch_n or_o fetch_v whereof_o there_o be_v several_a sort_n but_o two_o of_o fetch_n fetch_n most_o principal_a note_n the_o winter_n and_o summer-fetch_a the_o own_o sow_o before_o winter_n and_o abide_v the_o extremity_n of_o the_o wether_n the_o other_o not_o so_o hardy_a and_o sow_o in_o the_o spring_n they_o be_v much_o sow_o in_o some_o place_n and_o to_o a_o very_a considerable_a advantage_n they_o be_v a_o good_a strong_a and_o nourish_a food_n to_o cattle_n either_o give_v in_o the_o straw_n or_o without_o and_o be_v propagate_v after_o the_o manner_n of_o pease_n the_o least_o of_o all_o pulse_n be_v the_o lentil_n in_o some_o place_n call_v till_v lentil_o lentil_o they_o be_v sow_o in_o ordinary_a ground_n and_o require_v it_o not_o very_o rich_a of_o a_o very_a few_o swoon_n on_o a_o acre_n you_o shall_v reap_v a_o incredible_a quantity_n although_o they_o appear_v on_o the_o ground_n but_o small_a and_o lie_v in_o a_o little_a room_n in_o the_o cart_n they_o be_v a_o most_o excellent_a sweet_a fodder_n and_o to_o be_v prefer_v before_o any_o other_o fodder_n or_o pulse_n for_o calf_n or_o any_o other_o young_a cattle_n this_o pulse_n though_o not_o use_v in_o this_o country_n as_o ever_o i_o can_v understand_v lupin_n lupin_n unless_o a_o few_o in_o a_o garden_n yet_o we_o find_v they_o high_o commend_v to_o be_v a_o pulse_n require_v little_a trouble_n and_o to_o help_v the_o ground_n the_o most_o of_o any_o thing_n that_o be_v sow_o and_o to_o be_v a_o good_a manure_n for_o barren_a land_n where_o it_o thrive_v very_o well_o as_o on_o sandy_a gravelly_a and_o the_o worst_a that_o may_v be_v yea_o among_o bush_n and_o briar_n sodden_a in_o water_n they_o be_v excellent_a food_n for_o ox_n and_o doubtless_o for_o swine_n and_o other_o cattle_n if_o this_o be_v true_a as_o probable_o it_o seem_v to_o be_v i_o admire_v this_o plant_n shall_v be_v so_o much_o neglect_v but_o i_o may_v give_v you_o a_o more_o plenary_a and_o satisfactory_a account_n of_o this_o and_o some_o other_o not_o usual_a seed_n and_o pulse_n another_o time_n these_o be_v not_o usual_a in_o most_o place_n of_o england_n but_o where_o they_o tare_n tare_n be_v sow_o they_o much_o benefit_n the_o land_n as_o other_o pulse_n and_o be_v rather_o to_o be_v prefer_v for_o fodder_n than_o any_o other_o use_v they_o can_v be_v put_v unto_o there_o be_v several_a other_o pulse_n or_o seed_n mention_v in_o our_o author_n pulse_n other_o pulse_n as_o fasel_n cich_a peason_n wild_a tare_n etc._n etc._n which_o if_o careful_o and_o ingenious_o prosecute_v may_v redound_v to_o the_o husbandman_n advantage_n and_o in_o the_o same_o manner_n may_v several_a other_z not_o yet_o bring_v into_o common_a use_n although_o they_o may_v in_o all_o probability_n be_v as_o beneficial_a as_o those_o already_o in_o use_n sect_n iv_o of_o hemp_n and_o flax._n within_o the_o compass_n of_o our_o land_n subject_a to_o the_o culture_n of_o the_o plough_n may_v these_o two_o necessary_a and_o profitable_a vegetable_n be_v propagate_v require_v a_o competent_a proportion_n of_o ground_n to_o raise_v a_o quantity_n sufficient_a to_o supply_v our_o ordinary_a occasion_n and_o necessity_n in_o defect_n whereof_o and_o mere_o through_o our_o own_o neglect_n and_o sloth_n we_o purchase_v the_o great_a share_n of_o these_o hempen_a and_o flaxen_a commodity_n we_o use_v from_o stranger_n at_o a_o dear_a rate_n when_o we_o have_v room_n enough_o to_o raise_v wherewith_o of_o the_o same_o commodity_n to_o furnish_v they_o but_o that_o to_o our_o shame_n be_v it_o speak_v we_o prefer_v good_a liquor_n or_o at_o least_o the_o corn_n that_o make_v it_o before_o any_o other_o grain_n or_o seed_n although_o other_o may_v be_v propagate_v with_o great_a facility_n less_o hazard_n and_o abundant_o more_o advantageous_a both_o to_o the_o husbandman_n and_o nation_n in_o general_n than_o that_o i_o need_v not_o put_v excuse_n into_o the_o countrymen_n mouth_n they_o flax._n impediment_n to_o the_o sow_v of_o hemp_n and_o flax._n have_v enough_o for_o their_o grand_a negligence_n in_o this_o principal_a part_n of_o agriculture_n but_o that_o i_o here_o propose_v they_o in_o hope_n some_o worthy_a patriot_n will_v use_v their_o endeavour_n to_o remove_v these_o impediment_n 1._o the_o first_o and_o most_o grand_a impediment_n to_o this_o improvement_n impediment_n want_v of_o trade_n a_o impediment_n be_v want_n of_o encouragement_n to_o trade_n or_o a_o right_a constitution_n or_o order_v of_o employment_n for_o the_o poor_a throughout_o the_o country_n which_o may_v be_v accomplish_v without_o charge_n the_o common_a remora_n to_o all_o ingenuity_n by_o grant_v some_o extraordinary_a immunity_n to_o certain_a society_n in_o several_a place_n convenient_a in_o every_o county_n to_o be_v establish_v which_o be_v the_o first_o and_o chief_a thing_n to_o be_v do_v will_v almost_o of_o itself_o remove_v all_o other_o impediment_n 2._o the_o next_o be_v the_o defect_n of_o experience_n very_o few_o understanding_n impediment_n want_v of_o experience_n a_o impediment_n the_o way_n of_o sow_v gather_v water_v heckle_a and_o other_o particular_a modes_n in_o order_v these_o commodity_n nor_o yet_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o ground_n either_o of_o they_o delight_n in_o all_o which_o by_o the_o precedent_n and_o example_n of_o some_o public_a and_o ingenious_a spirit_n and_o by_o the_o constitution_n of_o a_o trade_n to_o take_v off_o the_o say_a commodity_n to_o the_o husbandman_n advantage_n may_v easy_o be_v remove_v 3._o another_o main_a impediment_n to_o the_o improvement_n and_o propagation_n impediment_n tithe_n a_o impediment_n of_o these_o and_o several_a other_o staple-commodity_n not_o yet_o bring_v into_o public_a use_n and_o practice_n be_v that_o the_o planter_n after_o he_o have_v be_v at_o extraordinary_a expense_n in_o fertilize_v tilling_n and_o plant_v his_o land_n and_o in_o preserve_v and_o advance_v the_o growth_n of_o such_o commodity_n not_o only_o the_o profit_n of_o his_o land_n but_o also_o of_o all_o his_o expense_n and_o labour_n must_v be_v decimate_v which_o in_o some_o year_n amount_n to_o more_o than_o his_o own_o clear_a profit_n when_o before_o such_o improvement_n make_v little_a tithe_n be_v pay_v as_o for_o pasture-land_n be_v usual_a either_o a_o reservation_n to_o the_o parson_n of_o what_o be_v former_o pay_v out_o of_o such_o unimproved_a land_n or_o a_o certain_a modus_fw-la decimandi_fw-la according_a to_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o commodity_n plant_v may_v prove_v a_o very_a great_a encouragement_n to_o the_o husbandman_n a_o infinite_a advantage_n to_o the_o nation_n in_o general_n and_o not_o the_o least_o injury_n or_o loss_n to_o the_o clergy_n or_o impropriator_n some_o other_o impediment_n there_o be_v and_o also_o other_o proposition_n may_v be_v make_v for_o the_o advancement_n of_o this_o and_o several_a other_o commodity_n but_o they_o require_v more_o time_n to_o treat_v of_o than_o in_o this_o place_n we_o may_v dispense_v withal_o hemp_n delight_v in_o the_o best_a land_n warm_a and_o sandy_a or_o a_o little_a hemp._n hemp._n gravelly_a so_o it_o be_v rich_a and_o of_o a_o deep_a soil_n cold_a clay_n wet_a and_o moorish_a be_v not_o good_a it_o be_v good_a to_o destroy_v weed_n on_o any_o land_n the_o best_a seed_n be_v the_o bright_a that_o will_v retain_v its_o colour_n and_o substance_n in_o rub_v three_o bushel_n will_v sow_v a_o acre_n the_o rich_a the_o land_n the_o thick_a it_o must_v be_v sow_o the_o poor_a the_o thin_a from_o the_o beginning_n to_o the_o end_n of_o april_n be_v the_o time_n of_o sow_v according_a as_o the_o spring_n fall_v out_o early_o or_o late_a it_o must_v be_v careful_o preserve_v from_o bird_n who_o will_v destroy_v many_o of_o the_o seed_n the_o season_n of_o gather_v of_o it_o be_v first_o about_o lammas_n when_o a_o good_a part_n of_o it_o will_v be_v ripe_a that_o be_v the_o light_a summer-hemp_n that_o bear_v no_o seed_n and_o be_v call_v the_o fimble-hemp_n and_o the_o stalk_v grow_v white_a and_o when_o it_o be_v ripe_a it_o be_v most_o easy_o discernible_a which_o be_v about_o that_o season_n to_o be_v pull_v forth_o and_o dry_v and_o lay_v up_o for_o use_n you_o must_v be_v cautious_a of_o break_v what_o you_o leave_v lest_o you_o spoil_v it_o you_o must_v let_v the_o other_o grow_v till_o the_o seed_n be_v ripe_a which_o will_v be_v about_o michaelmas_n or_o before_o and_o this_o be_v usual_o call_v the_o karle-hemp_n when_o you_o have_v gather_v and_o bind_v
it_o up_o in_o bundle_n in_o bond_n of_o a_o yard_n compass_n the_o statute-measure_n you_o must_v stack_n it_o up_o or_o house_n it_o till_o you_o thrash_v out_o the_o seed_n a_o acre_n of_o hemp_n may_v be_v worth_a unwrought_a from_o five_o to_o eight_o pound_n hemp._n value_v of_o hemp._n if_o wrought_v up_o to_o ten_o or_o twelve_o pound_n or_o more_o and_o be_v a_o very_a great_a succour_n to_o the_o poor_a the_o hempen_a harvest_n come_v after_o other_o harvest_n and_o then_o in_o the_o bad_a wet_z and_o winter-season_n it_o afford_v continual_a employment_n to_o such_o also_o that_o be_v not_o capable_a of_o better_a but_o for_o the_o method_n and_o right_a way_n of_o water_v pilling_n break_v tewtaw_v etc._n etc._n i_o shall_v leave_v you_o to_o such_o that_o be_v experience_v therein_o find_v no_o certain_a rule_n leave_v we_o by_o our_o rustic_a author_n this_o be_v also_o a_o very_a excellent_a commodity_n and_o the_o tilling_n and_o flax._fw-la flax._fw-la order_v thereof_o a_o very_a good_a piece_n of_o husbandry_n it_o will_v thrive_v in_o any_o good_a sound_a land_n be_v it_o in_o what_o country_n soever_o but_o that_o be_v best_a that_o have_v lie_v long_o unplough_v the_o best_a land_n yield_v the_o best_a flax_n and_o raise_v the_o great_a improvement_n the_o land_n must_v be_v well_o plough_v and_o lay_v flat_a and_o even_o and_o the_o seed_n sow_o in_o a_o warm_a season_n about_o the_o middle_n or_o end_n of_o march_n or_o at_o far_a in_o the_o begin_n of_o april_n if_o it_o shall_v come_v a_o wet_a season_n it_o will_v require_v weed_n the_o best_a seed_n be_v that_o which_o come_v from_o the_o east_n country_n although_o seed_n best_a seed_n it_o cost_v dear_a yet_o it_o will_v easy_o repay_v the_o charge_n and_o will_v last_v indifferent_a well_o two_o or_o three_o crop_n then_o it_o be_v best_a to_o renew_v it_o again_o of_o the_o best_a seed_n two_o bushel_n may_v serve_v on_o a_o acre_n but_o more_o of_o our_o english_a seed_n because_o it_o grow_v small_a you_o must_v be_v sure_a to_o sow_v it_o on_o good_a land_n because_o it_o rob_v the_o ground_n much_o and_o burn_v it_o as_o ancient_o it_o be_v observe_v by_o virgil_n vrit_n enim_fw-la lini_fw-la campum_fw-la sedge_n but_o it_o liberal_o repay_v it_o you_o must_v be_v careful_a that_o it_o grow_v not_o till_o it_o be_v over-ripe_a nor_o to_o gather_v it_o before_o it_o be_v ripe_a the_o ripeness_n be_v best_a know_v by_o the_o seed_n at_o the_o time_n let_v the_o plucker_n be_v nimble_a and_o tie_v it_o up_o in_o handful_n and_o set_v they_o up_o until_o they_o be_v perfect_o dry_a and_o then_o house_n it_o a_o acre_n of_o good_a flax_n on_o the_o ground_n may_v be_v worth_a if_o it_o be_v of_o flax_n value_v of_o flax_n the_o best_a seed_n from_o seven_o to_o twelve_o pound_n yea_o far_o more_o but_o if_o it_o be_v wrought_v up_o fit_a to_o sell_v in_o the_o market_n it_o may_v come_v to_o fifteen_o or_o twenty_o pound_n as_o for_o the_o water_v dry_n break_v and_o tewtaw_v as_o we_o say_v before_o of_o hemp_n we_o must_v refer_v to_o those_o that_o be_v better_o experience_v therein_o sect_n v._o of_o woad_n etc._n etc._n this_o be_v a_o very_a rich_a commodity_n and_o worthy_a to_o be_v take_v notice_n of_o by_o the_o husbandman_n it_o require_v a_o very_a rich_a land_n sound_n and_o warm_a say_v mr._n blithe_n but_o i_o have_v see_v it_o usual_o plant_v upon_o a_o ordinary_a ground_n but_o warm_a and_o light_n and_o in_o good_a heart_n have_v long_o rest_v and_o but_o new_a break_v up_o it_o rob_v land_n much_o be_v long_o continue_v upon_o it_o yet_o moderate_o use_v it_o prepare_v land_n for_o corn_n abate_v the_o overmuch_a fertility_n thereof_o and_o draw_v a_o different_a juice_n for_o what_o the_o corn_n require_v the_o land_n must_v be_v fine_o plough_v and_o harrow_v for_o this_o seed_n whereof_o about_o four_o bushel_n will_v sow_v a_o acre_n it_o must_v be_v fine_o harrow_v and_o all_o clots_n stones_n turf_n etc._n etc._n pick_v away_o and_o lay_v on_o heap_n as_o be_v usual_a in_o woad-land_n than_o it_o be_v to_o be_v continual_o weed_v till_o the_o leave_v cover_v the_o ground_n and_o when_o the_o leave_n be_v grow_v fair_a and_o large_a then_o set_v to_o cut_v and_o so_o throughout_o the_o summer_n that_o you_o may_v have_v five_o or_o six_o crop_n and_o sometime_o but_o three_o in_o one_o year_n of_o woad_n what_o grow_v in_o winter_n sheep_n will_v eat_v the_o time_n for_o sow_v of_o woad_n be_v in_o the_o middle_n and_o end_n of_o march._n when_o it_o be_v cut_v it_o must_v be_v immediate_o carry_v to_o the_o mill._n the_o manner_n whereof_o with_o the_o right_a order_n of_o woad_n and_o of_o all_o other_o necessary_a circumstance_n relate_v thereto_o be_v best_a learn_v of_o a_o experience_a workman_n which_o be_v easy_o obtain_v to_o take_v it_o in_o the_o very_a season_n be_v a_o fundamental_a piece_n which_o be_v ripe_a to_o know_v when_o it_o be_v full_a ripe_a when_o the_o leaf_n be_v come_v to_o its_o full_a growth_n and_o retain_v its_o perfect_a colour_n and_o lively_a greenness_n then_o speedy_o cut_v it_o that_o it_o fade_v not_o nor_o wax_v pale_a before_o you_o have_v cut_v your_o crop_n the_o two_o first_o crop_n be_v the_o best_a which_o be_v usual_o mix_v together_o in_o the_o season_n the_o late_a crop_n be_v much_o worse_o which_o if_o either_o be_v mix_v with_o the_o former_a they_o mar_v the_o whole_a it_o be_v a_o staple_n commodity_n for_o the_o dyer_n trade_n and_o be_v very_o advantageous_a woad_n profit_n of_o woad_n to_o the_o husbandman_n it_o more_o than_o double_v the_o rent_n of_o his_o land_n sometime_o it_o quadruple_n it_o it_o have_v be_v sell_v from_o 6_o l._n to_o 30_o l._n the_o tun._n the_o plant_n and_o propagate_a whereof_o be_v esteem_v another_o excellent_a cole-seed_n rape_n and_o cole-seed_n piece_n of_o husbandry_n and_o improvement_n for_o land_n and_o more_o especial_o on_o marshland_n fen-land_n or_o new_o recover_v sea-land_n or_o any_o land_n rank_n and_o fat_a whether_o arable_a or_o pasture_n the_o cole-seed_n be_v esteem_v the_o best_a the_o big_a and_o fair_a also_o that_o you_o can_v get_v let_v it_o be_v dry_a and_o of_o a_o clear_a colour_n like_o the_o best_a onyon-seed_n it_o be_v usual_o bring_v from_o holland_n it_o be_v to_o be_v sow_o at_o or_o about_o midsummer_n you_o must_v have_v your_o land_n plough_v very_o well_o and_o lay_v even_o and_o fine_a and_o then_o sow_v it_o about_o a_o gallon_n will_v sow_v a_o acre_n the_o seed_n must_v be_v mix_v with_o some_o other_o matter_n as_o before_o we_o direct_v about_o clover-grass_n seed_n for_o the_o more_o even_o disperse_v thereof_o when_o the_o one_o half_a of_o the_o seed_n begin_v to_o look_v brown_a it_o be_v time_n to_o reap_v it_o which_o must_v be_v do_v as_o you_o usual_o do_v wheat_n and_o lay_v it_o two_o or_o three_o handful_n together_o till_o it_o be_v dry_a and_o that_o through-dry_a too_o which_o will_v be_v near_o a_o fortnight_n ere_o it_o be_v dry_a enough_o it_o must_v not_o be_v turn_v nor_o touch_v if_o it_o be_v possible_a lest_o you_o shed_v the_o seed_n it_o must_v be_v gather_v on_o sheet_n or_o large_a sayl-clothe_n and_o so_o carry_v into_o the_o barn_n or_o floor_n very_o large_a to_o be_v immediate_o thrash_v out_o the_o main_a benefit_n be_v in_o the_o seed_n if_o it_o be_v good_a it_o will_v bear_v five_o thereof_o profit_n thereof_o quarter_n on_o a_o acre_n and_o be_v worth_a usual_o four_o shilling_n the_o bushel_n sometime_o more_o and_o sometime_o less_o the_o great_a your_o parcel_n be_v the_o better_a price_n you_o will_v have_v it_o be_v use_v to_o make_v oil_n thereof_o it_o thrive_v best_a on_o moist_a land_n it_o can_v be_v too_o rank_a it_o fit_v the_o land_n for_o corn_n etc._n etc._n thus_o far_o have_v mr._n blithe_n deliver_v little_o else_o be_v write_v of_o this_o seed_n therefore_o we_o leave_v it_o to_o the_o more_o experience_a person_n although_o this_o be_v a_o plant_n usual_o nourish_v in_o garden_n and_o be_v turnip_n turnip_n proper_o a_o garden-plant_a yet_o it_o be_v to_o the_o very_a great_a advantage_n of_o the_o husbandman_n sow_o in_o his_o field_n in_o several_a foreign_a place_n and_o also_o in_o some_o part_n of_o england_n not_o only_o for_o culinary_a use_n as_o about_o london_n and_o other_o great_a town_n and_o city_n but_o also_o for_o food_n for_o cattle_n as_o cow_n swine_n etc._n etc._n they_o delight_v in_o a_o warm_a mellow_a and_o light_a land_n rather_o sandy_a than_o otherwise_o not_o covet_v a_o rich_a mould_n the_o ground_n must_v be_v fine_o plough_v and_o harrow_v and_o then_o the_o seed_n sow_o and_o rake_v in_o with_o
afterward_o in_o the_o same_o tract_n give_v the_o partilar_a process_n which_o be_v thus_o let_v pease_n be_v take_v and_o steep_v in_o as_o much_o water_n as_o will_v cover_v they_o till_o they_o swell_v and_o corn_n and_o be_v so_o order_v as_o barley_n be_v for_o mault_v only_o with_o this_o difference_n that_o for_o this_o work_n if_o they_o sprout_v twice_o as_o much_o as_o barley_n do_v in_o mault_v it_o be_v the_o better_a the_o pease_n thus_o sprout_v if_o beat_v small_a which_o be_v easy_o do_v they_o be_v so_o tender_a put_v into_o a_o vessel_n and_o stop_v with_o a_o bung_n and_o rag_n as_o usual_o these_o will_n ferment_n and_o after_o two_o or_o three_o or_o four_o month_n if_o distil_v will_v real_o perform_v what_o before_o be_v promise_v thus_o he_o also_o add_v may_v a_o spirit_n or_o aqua_fw-la vitæ_fw-la be_v make_v out_o of_o any_o green_a grow_a thing_n root_n berry_n seed_n etc._n etc._n which_o be_v not_o oily_a also_o that_o the_o spirit_n which_o be_v make_v out_o of_o grain_n not_o dry_v into_o malt_n be_v more_o pleasant_a than_o the_o other_o it_o be_v not_o unlikely_a that_o grain_n may_v afford_v its_o tincture_n and_o that_o excellent_a beer_n or_o ale_n may_v be_v make_v thereof_o without_o mault_v but_o these_o thing_n require_v in_o another_o place_n to_o be_v treat_v of_o and_o also_o of_o the_o different_a way_n of_o ferment_a liquor_n which_o we_o refer_v to_o another_o time_n and_o place_n hempseed_n be_v much_o commend_v for_o the_o feed_n of_o poultry_n cole-seed_n the_o use_n of_o hempseed_n flax-seed_n rape_n and_o cole-seed_n and_o other_o fowl_n so_o that_o where_o plenty_n thereof_o may_v be_v have_v and_o a_o good_a return_n for_o fowl_n the_o use_n thereof_o must_v needs_o be_v advantageous_a order_v as_o you_o shall_v find_v hereafter_o when_o we_o treat_v of_o poultry_n flax-seed_n or_o lin-seed_n rape_n and_o cole-seed_n be_v general_o make_v use_n of_o for_o the_o make_n of_o oil_n of_o the_o preservation_n of_o corn._n the_o preservation_n of_o corn_n when_o it_o be_v plenty_n and_o good_a be_v of_o very_o great_a advantage_n to_o the_o husbandman_n and_o the_o kingdom_n in_o general_a for_o in_o scarce_o and_o dear_a year_n the_o husbandman_n have_v little_a to_o sell_v to_o advance_v his_o stock_n and_o the_o buyer_n be_v usual_o furnish_v with_o musty_a and_o bad_a corn_n from_o foreign_a part_n or_o from_o such_o that_o be_v ignorant_a of_o the_o way_n to_o preserve_v it_o therefore_o in_o cheap_a year_n it_o will_v be_v very_o necessary_a to_o make_v use_n of_o some_o of_o these_o way_n for_o the_o store_v up_o your_o plenty_n of_o corn_n against_o a_o time_n of_o scarcity_n the_o way_n of_o make_v of_o it_o up_o in_o reeck_n on_o reeck-stavals_a set_v on_o reeck-stavals_a on_o reeck-stavals_a stone_n that_o the_o mouse_n may_v not_o come_v at_o it_o be_v usual_a and_o common_a but_o corn_n thrash_v and_o clean_o winnow_v be_v apt_a to_o be_v musty_a therefore_o chaff_n corn_n lay_v up_o with_o chaff_n some_o advice_n that_o you_o lay_v up_o your_o corn_n in_o the_o chaff_n in_o large_a granary_n make_v for_o that_o purpose_n secure_a from_o the_o mouse_n and_o when_o you_o use_v or_o sell_v it_o then_o to_o winnow_v it_o also_o it_o be_v advise_v to_o mix_v bean_n with_o corn_n and_o that_o it_o will_v preserve_v bean_n corn_n lay_v up_o with_o bean_n it_o from_o heat_n and_o mustiness_n it_o be_v probable_a that_o if_o the_o bean_n be_v well_o dry_v on_o a_o kiln_n it_o may_v succeed_v for_o than_o will_v they_o attract_v all_o superfluous_a moisture_n unto_o they_o which_o be_v the_o only_a cause_n of_o the_o injury_n to_o the_o corn_n for_o in_o egypt_n where_o it_o be_v so_o dry_a corn_n will_v keep_v in_o open_a granary_n many_o year_n as_o in_o pharaoh_n time_n the_o bean_n be_v easy_o separate_v afterward_o from_o the_o corn._n it_o be_v also_o report_v that_o piece_n of_o iron_n flint_n pebble_n etc._n etc._n mix_v corn._n iron_n stone_n &c_n &c_n mix_v with_o corn._n with_o corn_n preserve_v it_o from_o heat_n which_o may_v be_v true_a for_o it_o be_v usual_a to_o set_v a_o stick_v a_o end_n in_o corn_n only_o to_o give_v passage_n for_o the_o air_n to_o prevent_v heat_n a_o large_a granary_n also_o full_a of_o square_n wooden_a pipe_n full_a of_o small_a hole_n may_v keep_v long_o from_o heat_n though_o not_o so_o well_o as_o the_o chaff_n bean_n etc._n etc._n also_o some_o have_v have_v two_o granary_n the_o one_o over_o the_o other_o and_o other_o a_o double_a granary_n one_o over_o the_o other_o fill_v the_o upper_a which_o have_v a_o small_a hole_n in_o the_o bottom_n that_o the_o corn_n by_o degree_n like_o sand_n in_o a_o hourglass_n have_v fall_v into_o the_o low_a and_o when_o it_o be_v all_o in_o the_o low_a they_o remove_v it_o into_o the_o upper_a and_o so_o keep_v it_o in_o continual_a motion_n which_o be_v a_o good_a way_n also_o to_o preserve_v it_o sect_n viii_o of_o the_o preparation_n of_o the_o seed_n the_o great_a part_n of_o vegetable_n and_o more_o especial_o those_o whereof_o we_o have_v before_o treat_v be_v propagate_v of_o seed_n which_o include_v in_o a_o very_a small_a shell_n skin_n or_o husk_n contain_v the_o very_a quintessence_n of_o the_o plant_n that_o produce_v it_o and_o be_v as_o it_o be_v the_o life_n and_o spirit_n of_o the_o vegetable_a coagulate_v into_o a_o small_a compass_n etenim_fw-la natura_fw-la è_fw-gr tota_fw-la plantae_fw-la mole_n nobiliores_fw-la &_o maximè_fw-la activas_fw-la fermentatione_n dr._n willis_n the_o fermentatione_n particulas_fw-la segregat_fw-la easque_fw-la cum_fw-la pauxillo_fw-la terrae_fw-la &_o aquae_fw-la simul_fw-la collectas_fw-la in_fw-la semina_fw-la velut_fw-la plantae_fw-la cujusvis_fw-la quintas_fw-la essentias_fw-la efformat_fw-la interim_n truncus_fw-la folia_fw-la cawl_n &_o reliqua_fw-la plantae_fw-la membra_fw-la principiis_fw-la activis_fw-la pene_fw-la orbata_fw-la valdè_fw-la depauperantur_fw-la ac_fw-la minoris_fw-la efficaciae_fw-la ac_fw-la virtutis_fw-la existunt_fw-la this_o seed_n or_o spirit_n of_o the_o plant_n be_v cast_v into_o its_o proper_a matrix_fw-la or_o menstruum_fw-la in_o its_o proper_a time_n do_v attract_v unto_o its_o self_n its_o proper_a nourishment_n or_o moisture_n which_o by_o its_o own_o strength_n or_o power_n it_o do_v ferment_n and_o transmute_v that_o which_o be_v before_o another_o thing_n now_o into_o its_o own_o be_v substance_n or_o nature_n and_o thereby_o do_v dispand_v its_o self_n and_o increase_v into_o the_o form_n and_o matter_n by_o nature_n design_v a_o more_o philosophic_a definition_n and_o dissection_n of_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o seed_n and_o vegetation_n we_o will_v leave_v to_o the_o more_o learned_a and_o content_v ourselves_o in_o our_o rural_a habitation_n with_o so_o much_o of_o the_o understanding_n thereof_o as_o shall_v guide_v we_o unto_o the_o discovery_n and_o application_n of_o what_o may_v be_v this_o proper_a menstruum_fw-la wherein_o each_o seed_n most_o rejoice_v in_o and_o with_o most_o delight_n attract_v for_o it_o be_v most_o evident_a that_o every_o seed_n as_o it_o differ_v in_o nature_n from_o another_o so_o it_o require_v a_o different_a nourishment_n for_o we_o perceive_v that_o in_o the_o same_o land_n one_o sort_n of_o seed_n will_v thrive_v where_o another_o will_v not_o according_a to_o the_o proverb_n one_o meat_n be_v another_o poison_n and_o that_o any_o sort_n of_o grain_n or_o seed_n will_v in_o time_n extract_v and_o diminish_v such_o nutriment_n that_o it_o most_o delight_n in_o which_o be_v the_o cause_n that_o our_o husbandman_n do_v find_v so_o improvement_n change_v of_o seed_n a_o improvement_n great_a a_o advantage_n and_o improvement_n by_o change_v their_o seed_n especial_o from_o that_o land_n which_o be_v often_o till_v which_o they_o call_v hook-land_n into_o land_n new_o break_v and_o from_o dry_a barren_a and_o hungry_a land_n to_o rich_a and_o fat_a land_n also_o from_o land_n incline_v to_o the_o south_n to_o land_n incline_v to_o the_o north_n &_o è_fw-la contra_fw-la all_o which_o produce_v a_o good_a improvement_n as_o cattle_n that_o be_v take_v out_o of_o short_a sour_z and_o bad_a pasture_n and_o put_v into_o good_a sweet_a pasture_n thrive_v better_o than_o such_o that_o be_v not_o so_o exchange_v after_o the_o same_o manner_n it_o be_v with_o tree_n remove_v out_o of_o bad_a ground_n into_o good_a all_o which_o be_v manifest_a sign_n that_o there_o be_v some_o particular_a thing_n wherein_o each_o seed_n delight_n which_o if_o we_o do_v but_o understand_v we_o may_v proper_o apply_v it_o and_o gain_v riches_n and_o honour_n to_o ourselves_o but_o because_o we_o be_v ignorant_a thereof_o and_o be_v content_a so_o to_o remain_v we_o will_v make_v use_n of_o such_o soyl_n dung_n compost_n and_o other_o preparation_n and_o way_n of_o advancement_n of_o the_o growth_n of_o vegetable_n as_o be_v already_o discover_v
the_o follow_a process_n high_o applaud_v by_o the_o owner_n thereof_o promise_v wonderful_a production_n from_o it_o which_o be_v thus_o take_v half_o a_o bushel_n of_o sheeps-dung_n and_o put_v upon_o it_o twenty_o quart_n of_o spring-water_n set_v it_o on_o the_o fire_n till_o it_o be_v lukewarm_a but_o not_o boil_v and_o so_o rub_v with_o your_o hand_n all_o the_o sheeps-dung_n by_o little_a and_o little_a till_o it_o be_v dissolve_v in_o the_o water_n then_o let_v it_o stand_v twelve_o hour_n after_o which_o strain_n the_o water_n through_o a_o course_n cloth_n with_o a_o hard_a compression_n this_o water_n keep_v for_o use_v then_o take_v of_o bay-salt_n and_o dissolve_v it_o in_o lukewarm_a water_n which_o water_n filter_n and_o evaporate_v in_o a_o earthen_a vessel_n over_o the_o fire_n of_o this_o congeal_a salt_n after_o the_o water_n evaporation_n take_v two_o good_a handful_n likewise_o do_v the_o same_o with_o salt-petre_a dissolve_v it_o in_o water_n filter_n the_o water_n and_o evaporate_v it_o then_o take_v of_o the_o remain_v congeal_v salt-petre_a one_o good_a handful_n and_o let_v both_o those_o salt_n dissolve_v in_o the_o forementioned_a liquor_n of_o sheeps-dung_n make_v it_o again_o milk-warm_a when_o all_o the_o salt_n be_v therein_o well_o dissolve_v put_v into_o that_o prepare_a liquor_n eight_o gallon_n of_o corn_n or_o other_o seed_n and_o let_v it_o steep_v therein_o thirty_o or_o thirty_o six_o hour_n then_o take_v it_o and_o put_v it_o into_o a_o sieve_n and_o drain_v the_o water_n into_o another_o vessel_n which_o water_n may_v be_v use_v again_o in_o like_a manner_n when_o the_o water_n be_v all_o drain_v away_o take_v the_o corn_n or_o other_o seed_n and_o dry_v it_o in_o some_o upper-loft_n expose_v to_o the_o air_n not_o to_o the_o sun_n and_o be_v almost_o dry_a scatter_v or_o sow_v it_o in_o half_a proportion_n n._n b._n that_o the_o sheeps-dung_n dregs_o be_v dry_v must_v be_v calcine_v and_o the_o salt_n thereof_o draw_v in_o lukewarm_a water_n which_o be_v filter_v and_o evaporate_v the_o remain_a salt_n thereof_o be_v to_o be_v dissolve_v with_o the_o other_o salt_n in_o the_o sheeps-dung_n water_n i_o have_v here_o give_v you_o this_o process_n gratis_o which_o have_v be_v value_v and_o contract_v for_o at_o a_o high_a rate_n the_o owner_n promise_v a_o very_a great_a increase_n to_o succeed_v the_o process_n appear_v to_o be_v make_v not_o by_o such_o that_o be_v experience_v in_o rural_a affair_n for_o you_o will_v find_v it_o difficult_a to_o strain_v your_o sheeps-dung_n water_n dissolve_v in_o those_o proportion_n for_o the_o sheeps-dung_n whole_o dissolve_v which_o do_v so_o thicken_v the_o water_n and_o convert_v it_o into_o a_o mucilage_n that_o all_o go_v where_o the_o water_n go_v if_o right_o do_v and_o that_o which_o be_v more_o strange_a the_o grain_n will_v not_o only_a imbibe_n the_o water_n so_o animate_v but_o the_o very_a substance_n of_o the_o dung_n also_o if_o right_o order_v which_o be_v a_o argument_n sufficient_a of_o the_o melioration_n of_o the_o grain_n insomuch_o that_o no_o dregs_o or_o remainder_n of_o the_o sheeps-dung_n be_v lose_v save_v only_o a_o few_o undissolved_a treddle_n as_o for_o the_o salt_n i_o think_v little_a good_a be_v to_o be_v expect_v from_o they_o and_o therefore_o hold_v those_o troublesome_a preparation_n of_o they_o needless_a only_o the_o salt_n of_o the_o dung_n must_v needs_o be_v good_a because_o it_o be_v that_o vegetative_a salt_n or_o universal_a subject_n whereof_o we_o discourse_v before_o only_o it_o be_v far_o fetch_v and_o dear_o buy_v as_o good_a may_v be_v have_v at_o a_o far_o easy_a rate_n for_o this_o purpose_n nevertheless_o common_a sea-salt_n have_v be_v much_o cry_v up_o by_o some_o for_o a_o improver_n of_o the_o seed_n and_o a_o example_n produce_v of_o a_o silly_a nature_n jewelhouse_n of_o art_n and_o nature_n swain_n who_o pass_v over_o a_o arm_n of_o the_o sea_n with_o his_o seed-corn_n in_o a_o sack_n which_o by_o mischance_n at_o his_o land_n fall_v into_o the_o water_n and_o so_o his_o corn_n be_v leave_v there_o till_o the_o next_o low_a water_n become_v somewhat_o brackish_a yet_o out_o of_o necessity_n do_v the_o man_n bestow_v the_o same_o wheat_n upon_o his_o plowed_a ground_n and_o at_o the_o harvest_n he_o reap_v a_o crop_n of_o good_a wheat_n such_o as_o in_o that_o year_n not_o any_o of_o his_o neighbour_n have_v the_o like_a doubtless_o infusion_n of_o the_o corn_n or_o seed_n in_o any_o of_o the_o aforesaid_a material_n be_v some_o advantage_n to_o it_o or_o in_o the_o lees_n of_o wine_n ale_z beer_n perry_n cider_n or_o else_o in_o beef-broth_n and_o the_o brine_n of_o poudering-tub_n as_o be_v by_o some_o advise_v also_o some_o affirm_v that_o corn_n sprit_v a_o little_a as_o they_o use_v to_o do_v for_o malt_n and_o then_o sow_o come_v up_o speedy_o and_o get_v the_o predomination_n of_o the_o weed_n at_o first_o and_o so_o keep_v the_o same_o that_o there_o be_v produce_v a_o far_o great_a increase_n than_o ordinary_a which_o be_v a_o sufficient_a convince_a argument_n that_o if_o common_a water_n produce_v so_o manifest_a a_o improvement_n that_o then_o a_o better_a liquor_n may_v much_o more_o because_o the_o corn_n also_o will_v seem_v troublesome_a to_o sow_v be_v wet_a it_o be_v prescribe_v either_o to_o let_v it_o dry_v a_o day_n or_o two_o on_o a_o floor_n or_o else_o to_o sift_v slacken_a lime_n thereon_o which_o be_v to_o be_v prefer_v because_o it_o preserve_v the_o corn_n from_o vermine_n smutt_n etc._n etc._n i_o find_v also_o another_o compound_a liquor_n to_o have_v be_v commend_v legacy_n hartlib_n be_v legacy_n and_o experiment_a for_o the_o steep_v of_o grain_n therein_o which_o be_v thus_o pour_v into_o quick_a and_o unslake_v lime_n as_o much_o water_n as_o suffice_v to_o make_v it_o swim_v four_o inch_n above_o the_o water_n and_o unto_o ten_o pound_n of_o the_o say_a water_n pour_v off_o mix_v one_o pound_n of_o aqua_fw-la vitæ_fw-la and_o in_o that_o liquor_n steep_a or_o soak_v wheat_n or_o corn_n twenty_o four_o hour_n which_o be_v dry_v in_o the_o sun_n or_o in_o the_o air_n steep_v again_o in_o the_o say_a liquor_n twenty_o four_o hour_n more_o and_o do_v it_o likewise_o the_o three_o time_n afterward_o sow_v they_o at_o great_a distance_n the_o one_o from_o the_o other_o about_o the_o distance_n of_o a_o foot_n between_o each_o grain_n so_o one_o grain_n will_v produce_v thirty_o thirty_o six_o thirty_o eight_o forty_o two_o fifty_o two_o ear_n and_o those_o very_a fruitful_a with_o a_o tall_a stalk_v equal_v the_o stature_n of_o a_o man_n in_o height_n this_o seem_v to_o be_v a_o most_o rational_a process_n for_o this_o purpose_n and_o on_o this_o and_o the_o like_a way_n of_o maceration_n or_o fermentation_n of_o the_o seed_n depend_v those_o several_a experiment_n where_o the_o corn_n or_o seed_n have_v yield_v so_o prodigious_a a_o increase_n as_o that_o one_o grain_n of_o wheat_n shall_v yield_v a_o hundred_o and_o fourteen_o ear_n and_o in_o they_o six_o thousand_o grain_n but_o in_o case_n it_o general_o hold_v to_o be_v but_o a_o quarter_n of_o the_o number_n it_o be_v beyond_o what_o any_o other_o way_n of_o husbandry_n can_v perform_v chap._n v._n of_o the_o manure_a dung_v and_o soil_v of_o land_n have_v discourse_v of_o meadow_n pasture_n and_o arable_a land_n and_o of_o the_o great_a advantage_n and_o benefit_n that_o be_v raise_v out_o of_o they_o and_o of_o the_o several_a way_n of_o improve_n meadow_n by_o drown_v or_o water_v and_o of_o pasture_n and_o arable_a land_n by_o enclosure_n by_o sow_v and_o propagate_a new_a hays_n grass_n and_o the_o best_a sort_n of_o corn_n pulse_n and_o other_o seed_n and_o by_o the_o best_a way_n of_o tilling_n and_o order_v the_o same_o now_o it_o will_v be_v necessary_a to_o say_v a_o little_a concern_v this_o most_o general_a way_n of_o improvement_n by_o manure_v dung_v and_o soil_v of_o land_n under_o which_o term_n we_o comprehend_v all_o the_o several_a way_n of_o temper_v alter_v renew_v or_o add_v unto_o the_o land_n or_o apply_v any_o subject_n whatsoever_o thereunto_o for_o its_o improvement_n and_o advantage_n sect_n i._o of_o the_o burn_a of_o land_n the_o burn_v of_o land_n or_o any_o other_o operation_n on_o it_o by_o fire_n seem_v to_o be_v the_o great_a though_o not_o most_o universal_a advance_v to_o most_o of_o our_o barren_a poor_a and_o hungry_a land_n as_o well_o dry_a as_o wet_v the_o burn_v of_o the_o ground_n itself_o seem_v to_o be_v of_o very_o ancient_a use_n as_o appear_v by_o virgil_n saepe_fw-la etiam_fw-la steriles_fw-la incendere_fw-la profuit_fw-la agros_fw-la and_o burn_v of_o wood_n and_o other_o combustible_a material_n on_o sylva_n gauge_n survey_v of_o the_o west-indies_n sylva_n land_n be_v practise_v among_o
the_o american_n for_o the_o improvement_n of_o their_o land_n which_o be_v a_o argument_n as_o well_o of_o their_o natural_a ingenuity_n as_o of_o the_o excellency_n and_o advantage_n of_o the_o improvement_n for_o the_o burn_n of_o such_o combustible_a thing_n on_o land_n do_v very_o much_o heat_n the_o ground_n and_o waste_n that_o acid_n sterile_a juice_n that_o hinder_v fertility_n and_o set_v free_a that_o fertile_a principle_n the_o sal_fw-la terrae_fw-la which_o before_o be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n bind_v up_o also_o it_o leave_v a_o good_a quantity_n of_o that_o salt_n on_o the_o land_n mix_v with_o the_o ash_n which_o be_v general_o hold_v to_o be_v the_o only_a advantage_n this_o way_n yield_v though_o the_o contrary_n appear_v for_o wheresoever_o the_o fire_n be_v make_v although_o you_o remove_v the_o ash_n whole_o yet_o will_v the_o place_n bear_v a_o better_a crop_n than_o where_o you_o bestow_v the_o ash_n as_o former_o we_o note_v this_o art_n of_o burn_v of_o land_n usual_o call_v denshire_v quasi_fw-la good_a on_o what_o land_n burn-baiting_a good_a devonshiring_n or_o denbighshire_v because_o it_o seem_v there_o to_o be_v most_o use_v or_o to_o have_v be_v invent_v or_o burnbeating_a be_v not_o applicable_a or_o necessary_a to_o all_o sort_n of_o land_n for_o in_o a_o good_a fertile_a rich_a loose_a soil_n where_o a_o good_a sweet_a grass_n or_o good_a corn_n flourish_v it_o waste_v as_o well_o the_o good_a as_o the_o bad_a juice_n wherefore_o in_o most_o place_n in_o sommersetshire_n and_o such_o other_o fertile_a place_n they_o reject_v it_o but_o for_o barren_a sour_a heathy_a and_o rushey_a land_n be_v it_o either_o hot_a or_o cold_a wet_a or_o dry_a it_o be_v a_o very_a great_a improvement_n insomuch_o that_o most_o sort_n of_o such_o poor_a land_n will_v yield_v in_o two_o or_o three_o year_n after_o such_o burn_a more_o above_o all_o charge_n than_o the_o inheritance_n be_v worth_a before_o the_o most_o usual_a method_n be_v with_o a_o breast-plough_n to_o pare_v off_o the_o burn-baiting_a manner_n of_o burn-baiting_a turf_n turn_v it_o over_o as_o it_o be_v cut_v that_o it_o may_v dry_v the_o better_a if_o it_o prove_v a_o very_a dry_a season_n and_o the_o weather_n hot_a than_o it_o need_v no_o more_o turn_n but_o if_o the_o weather_n be_v casual_a it_o must_v be_v turn_v and_o the_o turf_n set_v a_o little_a hollow_a that_o they_o may_v dry_v the_o better_a and_o when_o they_o be_v through-dry_a they_o may_v be_v lay_v on_o small_a heap_n about_o two_o wheel-barrow_n load_v on_o a_o heap_n the_o lesser_a the_o heap_n be_v the_o better_a so_o there_o be_v enough_o to_o make_v a_o good_a fire_n thorough_o to_o consume_v the_o whole_a to_o ash_n if_o the_o turf_n be_v full_a of_o fibrous_a root_n or_o have_v a_o good_a head_n on_o it_o it_o will_v burn_v without_o any_o other_o additionary_a fuel_n if_o not_o you_o must_v raise_v your_o heap_n on_o a_o small_a bundle_n of_o ling_n goss_n fearn_n or_o suchlike_a which_o in_o some_o place_n they_o call_v ollet_n which_o will_v set_v the_o whole_a on_o fire_n you_o may_v afterward_o let_v those_o little_a hill_n of_o ash_n lie_v till_o they_o be_v a_o little_a saddned_a with_o rain_n before_o you_o spread_v they_o or_o take_v a_o quiet_a time_n that_o the_o wind_n may_v not_o waste_v your_o ash_n nor_o hinder_v their_o equal_a scatter_n also_o you_o must_v pare_v the_o ground_n under_o the_o hill_n somewhat_o low_a than_o the_o surface_n of_o the_o earth_n to_o abate_v its_o overgreat_a fertility_n cause_v by_o the_o fire_n make_v thereon_o it_o be_v also_o to_o be_v observe_v that_o the_o land_n be_v to_o be_v but_o shallow_a or_o half_o plough_v and_o not_o above_o half_a the_o usual_a quantity_n of_o seed_n sow_o on_o a_o acre_n and_o that_o also_o late_a in_o the_o year_n if_o wheat_n towards_o the_o end_n of_o october_n only_o to_o prevent_v the_o excessive_a rankness_n or_o greatness_n of_o the_o corn_n by_o which_o you_o may_v judge_v what_o advantage_n burn_v be_v to_o the_o land_n and_o this_o also_o on_o the_o poor_a plain_n or_o heath_n other_o there_o be_v that_o when_o they_o stubb_v up_o their_o goss_n broom_n and_o suchlike_a lay_v the_o root_n on_o heap_n when_o they_o be_v dry_a and_o cover_v they_o with_o the_o paring_n of_o the_o earth_n between_o where_o they_o raise_v the_o root_n and_o so_o burn_v over_o the_o land_n which_o be_v also_o a_o very_a considerable_a improvement_n in_o some_o place_n also_o it_o be_v usual_a to_o burn_v the_o stubble_n and_o other_o trash_n they_o can_v rake_v together_o on_o their_o land_n which_o must_v needs_o be_v very_o good_a so_o far_o as_o may_v be_v according_a to_o the_o quantity_n thereof_o although_o it_o be_v not_o so_o much_o use_v for_o fertility-sake_n as_o to_o rid_v themselves_o of_o the_o stuff_n as_o they_o usual_o burn_v heath_n and_o turf-common_n to_o give_v liberty_n to_o the_o grass_n sir_n richard_n weston_n give_v this_o for_o a_o good_a way_n that_o be_v first_o pare_v off_o the_o heath_n or_o turf_n then_o make_v the_o pare_n into_o little_a hill_n you_o may_v put_v to_o one_o hill_n as_o much_o pare_n as_o come_v off_o from_o a_o rod_n or_o pole_n of_o ground_n the_o hill_n be_v sufficient_o make_v and_o prepare_v be_v to_o be_v fire_v and_o burn_v into_o ash_n and_o unto_o the_o ash_n of_o every_o hill_n you_o must_v put_v a_o peck_n of_o unslake_v lime_n the_o lime_n be_v to_o be_v cover_v over_o with_o the_o ash_n and_o so_o to_o stand_v till_o rain_n come_v and_o slake_v the_o lime_n after_o that_o mingle_v your_o ash_n and_o lime_n together_o and_o so_o spread_v it_o over_o your_o land_n in_o such_o place_n where_o fuel_n be_v not_o scarce_o and_o the_o land_n barren_a it_o be_v very_o excellent_a husbandry_n to_o get_v together_o into_o such_o land_n you_o intend_v to_o fertilise_v all_o the_o small_a wood_n bush_n furze_n broom_n heath_n fearn_n stubble_n or_o what_o ever_o combustible_a matter_n you_o can_v procure_v which_o in_o most_o place_n be_v easy_a obtain_v than_o dung_n and_o in_o a_o dry_a time_n lay_v it_o in_o heap_n dispersedly_z about_o the_o ground_n and_o cast_v over_o it_o the_o paring_n of_o the_o land_n where_o it_o lie_v and_o set_v fire_n to_o it_o and_o while_o it_o burn_v have_v several_a to_o help_v you_o cast_v on_o turf_n or_o earth_n on_o the_o most_o flame_a part_n to_o hinder_v that_o it_o flame_v not_o too_o much_o the_o heat_n of_o which_o fire_n will_v so_o calcine_v the_o earth_n under_o they_o and_o the_o earth_n cast_v on_o they_o beside_o the_o ash_n of_o the_o vegetable_n that_o it_o will_v yield_v a_o increase_v far_o exceed_v the_o charge_n and_o labour_v bestow_v thereon_o there_o can_v be_v no_o better_o use_v make_v of_o these_o combustible_a matter_n and_o especial_o of_o the_o hawme_n or_o string_n of_o hop_n which_o burn_v in_o the_o hop-garden_n and_o the_o paring_n of_o the_o turf_n on_o the_o side_n of_o the_o garden_n or_o elsewhere_o or_o any_o other_o earth_n cast_v over_o it_o as_o it_o burn_v and_o then_o more_o hawme_n over_o that_o and_o more_o earth_n on_o that_o as_o they_o use_v to_o say_v stratum_fw-la super_fw-la stratum_fw-la till_o all_o be_v do_v either_o in_o one_o or_o several_a place_n will_v make_v so_o excellent_a a_o compost_n to_o be_v apply_v to_o the_o hop-hill_n that_o none_o can_v exceed_v it_o which_o i_o myself_o have_v do_v and_o this_o answer_n to_o what_o glauber_n deliver_v as_o a_o great_a secret_a and_o very_o profitable_a perticae_fw-la longurii_n aut_fw-la 34._o continuatio_fw-la miraculi_fw-la mundi_fw-la p._n 34._o pali_fw-la quibus_fw-la vite_n lupulorum_fw-la cawl_n sustinenter_fw-la si_fw-la igne_fw-la qua_fw-la in_o extremitatem_fw-la svam_fw-la inferiorem_fw-la desunt_fw-la adurantur_fw-la &_o extremitate_fw-la adusta_fw-la in_fw-la lignorum_fw-la oleum_fw-la illud_fw-la immittantur_fw-la ut_fw-la pinguedinem_fw-la illam_fw-la imbibant_fw-la etc._n etc._n duplex_fw-la hoc_fw-la pacto_fw-la emolumentum_fw-la afferentes_fw-la prius_fw-la est_fw-la quod_fw-la perticae_fw-la à _fw-la putredine_fw-la conservatae_fw-la quotannis_fw-la breviores_fw-la non_fw-la evadant_fw-la sed_fw-la diutius_fw-la durent_fw-la alterum_fw-la quod_fw-la vitium_fw-la &_o lupulorum_fw-la radices_fw-la pinguedinem_fw-la &_o alimentum_fw-la ex_fw-la perticarum_fw-la extremitatibus_fw-la attrahentes_fw-la luxuriante_fw-la incremento_fw-la excrescant_fw-la by_o which_o it_o appear_v that_o the_o end_n of_o the_o hop-pole_n only_o be_v burn_v and_o imbibe_v in_o his_o vegetable_a oil_n or_o fix_a salt_n will_v not_o only_o endure_v long_o from_o rot_v but_o also_o will_v yield_v extraordinary_a nourishment_n to_o the_o root_n of_o the_o hop_n of_o such_o wonderful_a efficacy_n be_v this_o subject_n that_o the_o least_o grain_n thereof_o carry_v with_o it_o much_o of_o fertility_n as_o the_o same_o author_n say_v a_o little_a before_o of_o the_o same_o
subject_a non_fw-la tantum_fw-la in_o agris_fw-la praestat_fw-la sed_fw-la 21._o page_n 21._o etiam_fw-la arboribus_fw-la &_o vit_fw-fr ibus_fw-la adeo_fw-la ut_fw-la una_fw-la eodem_fw-la plena_fw-la tonna_fw-fr tantum_fw-la ad_fw-la agrorum_fw-la stercorationem_fw-la confer_v valeat_fw-la quantum_fw-la decem_fw-la simo_fw-la equino_fw-la aut_fw-la vaccine_fw-la replet_n a_o plaustra_fw-la solent_fw-la this_o kind_n of_o manure_n either_o by_o burn_v as_o before_o or_o with_o the_o fix_a salt_n of_o any_o thing_n whatsoever_o do_v also_o much_o more_o enrich_v your_o crop_n than_o any_o other_o dung_n or_o soil_n for_o this_o tend_v principal_o unto_o fertility_n ordinary_a dung_n of_o beast_n more_o unto_o the_o gross_a substance_n of_o the_o straw_n or_o hawme_n than_o unto_o fruit_n or_o seed_n and_o also_o breed_v more_o of_o weed_n than_o this_o our_o universal_a subject_n there_o be_v also_o several_a other_o sort_n of_o material_n to_o be_v use_v as_o manure_n other_o soyl_n and_o manure_n soil_n and_o manure_n for_o the_o fertilize_n and_o enrich_n of_o land_n some_o whereof_z be_v take_v from_o the_o earth_n as_o chalk_n marle_n day_n etc._n etc._n other_o from_o the_o water_n as_o sand_n weed_n etc._n etc._n other_o also_o be_v the_o dung_n and_o excrement_n of_o live_a creature_n and_o other_o that_o be_v several_a sort_n of_o vegetable_n themselves_o and_o other_o casual_a thing_n as_o soot_n rag_n etc._n etc._n of_o all_o which_o we_o find_v these_o whereof_o we_o shall_v now_o treat_v to_o have_v be_v find_v out_o and_o commend_v to_o be_v useful_a and_o beneficial_a to_o the_o husbandman_n for_o the_o purpose_n before_o mention_v sect_n ii_o soyl_n and_o manure_n take_v from_o the_o earth_n whereof_o there_o be_v several_a sort_n some_o of_o so_o hard_a and_o undissoluble_a chalk_n of_o chalk_n a_o nature_n that_o it_o be_v not_o fit_a to_o lay_v on_o land_n simple_o as_o it_o be_v but_o after_o it_o be_v burn_v into_o lime_n become_v a_o very_a excellent_a improver_n of_o land_n there_o be_v also_o other_o sort_n of_o chalk_n more_o unctuous_a and_o soluble_a which_o be_v lay_v on_o land_n crude_a as_o they_o be_v and_o let_v lie_v till_o the_o frost_n and_o rain_n shatter_v and_o dissolve_v the_o same_o prove_v a_o very_a considerable_a advantage_n to_o barren_a land_n now_o where_o any_o of_o these_o chalk_n be_v find_v it_o be_v good_a to_o prove_v their_o nature_n by_o lay_v they_o on_o some_o small_a portion_n of_o land_n crude_a as_o they_o be_v or_o by_o burn_v they_o into_o lime_n if_o fuel_n be_v plenty_n or_o to_o half_o burn_v they_o by_o which_o you_o may_v experimental_o know_v the_o true_a effect_n and_o benefit_n that_o subject_n will_v yield_v and_o although_o chalk_v simple_o of_o itself_o either_o burn_v or_o unburnt_a may_v not_o prove_v so_o advantageous_a as_o many_o have_v report_v yet_o be_v it_o of_o very_o great_a use_n to_o be_v mix_v with_o earth_n and_o the_o dung_n of_o animal_n by_o which_o may_v be_v make_v a_o admirable_a sure_a and_o natural_a fruitful_a composition_n for_o almost_o any_o sort_n of_o land_n and_o raise_v corn_n in_o abaundance_n liming_n of_o land_n be_v of_o most_o excellent_a use_n many_o barren_a part_n of_o lime_n of_o lime_n this_o nation_n be_v thereby_o reduce_v into_o so_o fertile_a a_o condition_n for_o bear_v most_o sort_n of_o grain_n that_o upon_o land_n not_o worth_a above_o one_o or_o two_o shilling_n a_o acre_n well_o husband_v with_o lime_n have_v be_v raise_v as_o good_a wheat_n barley_n white_a and_o gray_a pease_n as_o england_n yield_v english_a improver_n also_o that_o by_o the_o same_o mean_n from_o a_o ling_n heath_n or_o common_a natural_o barren_a and_o little_a worth_n have_v be_v raise_v most_o gallant_a corn_n worth_a five_o or_o six_o pound_n a_o acre_n by_o the_o same_o author_n he_o also_o affirm_v that_o some_o man_n have_v have_v and_o receive_v so_o much_o profit_n upon_o their_o land_n by_o once_o lime_v as_o have_v pay_v the_o purchase_n of_o their_o land_n and_o that_o himself_o have_v great_a advance_v thereby_o yet_o live_v twenty_o mile_n from_o lime_n and_o fetch_v the_o same_o by_o wagon_n so_o far_o to_o lay_v it_o on_o his_o land_n one_o author_n say_v twelve_o or_o fourteen_o quarter_n will_v lime_n a_o acre_n another_o say_v 160_o bushel_n the_o difference_n of_o the_o land_n may_v require_v a_o different_a proportion_n the_o most_o natural_a land_n for_o lime_n be_v the_o light_n and_o sandy_a the_o next_o mix_v and_o gravelly_a wet_a and_o cold_a gravel_n not_o good_a cold_a clay_n the_o worst_a of_o all_o also_o a_o mixture_n of_o lime_n earth_n and_o dung_n together_o be_v a_o very_a excellent_a compost_n for_o land_n marle_n be_v a_o very_a excellent_a thing_n commend_v of_o all_o that_o either_o marle_n of_o marle_n difference_n of_o marle_n write_v or_o practice_v any_o thing_n in_o husbandry_n there_o be_v several_a kind_n of_o it_o some_o stony_a some_o soft_a white_z gray_a russet_a yellow_a blue_a black_a and_o some_o red_a it_o be_v of_o a_o cold_a nature_n and_o saddens_n land_n exceed_o and_o very_o heavy_a it_o be_v and_o will_v go_v downward_o though_o not_o so_o much_o as_o lime_n do_v the_o goodness_n or_o badness_n thereof_o be_v not_o marle_n sign_n of_o good_a or_o bad_a marle_n know_v so_o much_o by_o the_o colour_n as_o by_o the_o purity_n and_o uncompoundedness_n of_o it_o for_o if_o it_o will_v break_v into_o bit_n like_o a_o dye_n or_o smooth_a like_o lead-oar_n without_o any_o composition_n of_o sand_n or_o gravel_n or_o if_o it_o will_v slake_v like_o slatestone_n and_o slake_v or_o shatter_v after_o a_o shower_n of_o rain_n or_o be_v expose_v to_o the_o sun_n or_o air_n and_o short_o after_o turn_v to_o dust_n when_o it_o be_v thorough_o dry_a again_o and_o not_o congeal_v like_o tough_a clay_n question_v not_o the_o fruitfulness_n of_o it_o notwithstanding_o the_o difference_n of_o colour_n which_o be_v no_o certain_a sign_n of_o the_o goodness_n of_o the_o marl_n as_o for_o the_o slipperiness_n viscousness_n fattiness_n or_o oiliness_n thereof_o although_o it_o be_v common_o esteem_v a_o sign_n of_o good_a marle_n yet_o the_o best_a author_n affirm_v the_o contrary_a viz._n that_o there_o be_v very_o good_a marl_n which_o be_v not_o so_o but_o lie_v in_o the_o my_o pure_a dry_a and_o short_a yet_o nevertheless_o if_o you_o water_v it_o you_o shall_v find_v it_o slippery_a but_o the_o best_a and_o true_a rule_n to_o know_v the_o richness_n and_o marle_n best_a way_n to_o know_v marle_n profit_n of_o your_o marl_n be_v to_o try_v a_o load_n or_o two_o on_o your_o land_n in_o several_a place_n and_o in_o different_a proportion_n they_o usual_o lay_v the_o same_o on_o small_a heap_n and_o disperse_v it_o over_o marle_n use_v and_o benefit_n of_o marle_n the_o whole_a field_n as_o they_o do_v their_o dung_n and_o this_o marl_n will_v keep_v the_o land_n whereon_o it_o be_v lay_v in_o some_o place_n ten_o or_o fifteen_o and_o in_o some_o place_n thirty_o year_n in_o heart_n it_o be_v most_o profitable_a in_o dry_a light_n and_o barren_a land_n such_o as_o be_v most_o kind_a and_o natural_a for_o rye_n as_o be_v evident_a by_o mr._n blithe_n experiment_n in_o his_o chapter_n of_o marle_n it_o also_o afford_v not_o its_o virtue_n or_o strength_n the_o first_o year_n so_o much_o as_o in_o the_o subsequent_a year_n it_o yield_v a_o very_a great_a increase_n and_o advantage_n on_o high_a sandy_a gravelly_a or_o mix_v land_n though_o never_o so_o barren_a strong_a clay-ground_n be_v unsuitable_a to_o it_o yet_o if_o it_o can_v be_v lay_v dry_a marle_n may_v be_v profitable_a on_o that_o also_o it_o be_v very_o necessary_a in_o marl_a land_n to_o find_v out_o the_o true_a proportion_n how_o much_o on_o every_o acre_n that_o you_o add_v not_o too_o much_o nor_o too_o little_a in_o medio_fw-la virtus_fw-la it_o be_v better_a to_o err_v by_o lay_v on_o too_o little_a than_o too_o much_o because_o you_o may_v add_v more_o at_o pleasure_n but_o you_o can_v take_v away_o the_o sure_a way_n be_v to_o try_v some_o small_a quantity_n first_o and_o proceed_v as_o your_o experiment_n encourage_v it_o have_v be_v also_o experimental_o observe_v that_o you_o be_v to_o lay_v your_o marl_n in_o the_o begin_n of_o winter_n on_o hard_a and_o bind_a ground_n and_o on_o the_o contrary_a you_o be_v to_o lay_v it_o in_o the_o spring_n on_o light_n sandy_a dry_a and_o gravelly_a land_n but_o it_o be_v good_a to_o try_v both_o it_o be_v hold_v to_o be_v best_a to_o lay_v it_o abroad_o in_o the_o begin_n of_o winter_n that_o the_o frost_n may_v first_o make_v the_o same_o moulder_v into_o small_a piece_n and_o so_o to_o become_v apt_a for_o solution_n which_o be_v do_v by_o the_o rain_n that_o more_o plentiful_o fall_v in_o the_o winter_n you_o shall_v
observe_v say_v markham_n that_o if_o you_o can_v get_v any_o earth_n of_o fuller_n earth_n perfect_a and_o rich_a marle_n if_o then_o you_o can_v get_v of_o that_o earth_n which_o be_v call_v fullers-earth_n and_o where_o the_o one_o be_v not_o common_o the_o other_o be_v than_o you_o may_v use_v it_o in_o the_o same_o manner_n as_o you_o shall_v do_v marle_n and_o it_o be_v find_v to_o be_v very_o near_o as_o profitable_a mr._n bernhard_n palisly_n that_o french_a author_n cite_v so_o often_o by_o sir_n hugh_n platt_n commend_v the_o same_o i_o have_v not_o know_v it_o at_o any_o time_n practise_v in_o england_n for_o the_o better_n of_o any_o ground_n say_v sir_n hugh_n platt_n but_o by_o all_o presumption_n the_o same_o must_v of_o necessity_n be_v very_o rich_a because_o it_o be_v full_a of_o that_o vegetative_a salt_n which_o appear_v in_o these_o scour_a effect_n for_o the_o which_o it_o be_v divers_a way_n have_v in_o use_n among_o we_o clay_n be_v by_o many_o commend_v to_o 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according_a to_o the_o nature_n of_o hasel-ground_n and_o this_o improvement_n say_v he_o be_v of_o no_o little_a value_n for_o there_o be_v a_o great_a difference_n betwixt_o land_n that_o be_v subject_a to_o fail_v once_o in_o two_o or_o three_o year_n and_o land_n thus_o improve_v that_o will_v not_o fail_v once_o in_o two_o or_o three_o and_o twenty_o year_n through_o the_o distemperature_n of_o the_o weather_n mr._n bernhard_n also_o affirm_v that_o all_o marl_n be_v a_o kind_n of_o clay-ground_n and_o it_o shall_v seem_v to_o differ_v only_o in_o digestion_n from_o marle_n it_o be_v good_a to_o try_v it_o on_o several_a ground_n both_o arable_a and_o pasture_n and_o for_o several_a grain_n at_o several_a time_n in_o the_o year_n and_o in_o several_a proportion_n by_o this_o mean_v you_o may_v find_v out_o the_o true_a value_n and_o effect_n of_o this_o and_o by_o the_o same_o method_n of_o all_o other_o subterraneal_a soil_n or_o manure_v and_o thereby_o raise_v unto_o yourself_o a_o considerable_a advantage_n by_o the_o same_o rule_n and_o for_o the_o same_o reason_n that_o clay_n advance_v sand._n of_o sand._n the_o benefit_n of_o light_n and_o sandy_a ground_n may_v sand_n be_v a_o inrichment_n and_o improvement_n to_o cold_a clay-ground_n as_o mr._n gabriel_n platt_n testify_v that_o he_o have_v know_v stiff_a clay-ground_n that_o will_v seldom_o be_v fruitful_a unless_o the_o season_n of_o the_o year_n prove_v very_o prosperous_a to_o have_v be_v cure_v by_o lay_v thereupon_o a_o great_a quantity_n of_o light_a sandy-ground_n which_o afterward_o be_v convert_v to_o a_o good_a temperament_n like_v to_o the_o sort_n of_o ground_n common_o call_v hasel-ground_n which_o seldom_o or_o never_o fail_v to_o be_v fruitful_a the_o best_a sand_n for_o fertility_n be_v that_o which_o be_v wash_v from_o the_o hill_n or_o other_o sandy_a place_n by_o the_o violence_n of_o rain_n other_o sand_n that_o be_v dig_v have_v little_a fertility_n in_o they_o only_o by_o way_n 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please_v and_o what_o with_o the_o heat_n and_o warmth_n of_o their_o body_n and_o the_o fatness_n of_o their_o dung_n and_o urine_n the_o sand_n will_v turn_v to_o excellent_a rich_a soil_n and_o go_v very_o far_o upon_o land_n and_o be_v more_o serviceable_a than_o you_o can_v conceive_v there_o be_v several_a sort_n of_o earth_n that_o be_v of_o singular_a use_n for_o the_o earth_n of_o earth_n better_n of_o land_n as_o all_o earth_n of_o a_o saltish_a nature_n be_v fruitful_a especial_o all_o such_o earth_n as_o lie_n dry_v cover_v with_o hovel_z or_o house_n of_o which_o you_o make_v salt-petre_a be_v rich_a for_o land_n and_o so_o be_v old_a floor_n under_o any_o building_n mr_n platt_n affirm_v that_o he_o have_v know_v many_o hundred_o load_n of_o earth_n sell_v for_o twelve_o penny_n a_o load_n be_v dig_v out_o of_o a_o meadow_n near_o to_o hampton-court_n which_o be_v carry_v three_o or_o four_o mile_n to_o the_o high_a ground_n and_o fertilize_v those_o ground_n wonderful_o 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sandy_a sect_n iii_o soyl_n take_v from_o the_o sea_n or_o water_n the_o rich_a of_o all_o sand_n be_v what_o come_v from_o the_o seacoast_n and_o water-sand_n of_o water-sand_n the_o creek_n thereof_o and_o all_o land_n border_v on_o the_o sea_n may_v be_v improve_v by_o they_o it_o be_v the_o usual_a practice_n in_o the_o western_a part_n of_o england_n for_o the_o people_n to_o their_o great_a charge_n in_o carriage_n to_o convey_v the_o saltish_a sand_n unto_o their_o barren_a ground_n whereof_o some_o of_o they_o do_v lie_v five_o mile_n distance_n from_o the_o sea_n and_o yet_o they_o find_v the_o same_o exceed_a profitable_a for_o that_o their_o inheritance_n be_v thereby_o enrich_v for_o many_o year_n together_o the_o great_a virtue_n consist_v in_o the_o saltishness_n thereof_o other_o say_v the_o richness_n of_o the_o sand_n be_v from_o the_o fat_a or_o filth_n the_o sea_n do_v gather_v in_o by_o land-flood_n and_o what_o the_o tide_n fetch_v daily_o from_o the_o shore_n and_o from_o fish_n and_o from_o other_o matter_n that_o putrify_v in_o the_o sea_n all_o which_o the_o water_n cast_v on_o shore_n and_o purge_v forth_o of_o itself_o and_o leaf_n in_o the_o sand_n while_o itself_o be_v clean_a and_o pure_a the_o sand_n of_o fresh_a river_n challenge_v also_o a_o place_n in_o our_o improvement_n be_v lay_v on_o land_n proper_a for_o the_o same_o but_o more_o especial_o if_o it_o be_v mix_v with_o any_o other_o matter_n as_o most_o usual_o it_o be_v where_o it_o be_v cast_v on_o shelf_n at_o the_o fall_v of_o some_o land-water_n descend_v from_o hill_n or_o highway_n in_o devonshire_n and_o cornwall_n and_o many_o other_o part_n they_o make_v a_o rivers_n of_o seaweed_n and_o weed_n in_o rivers_n very_a great_a improvement_n of_o the_o seaweed_n for_o the_o soil_a and_o manure_v
clay-ground_n that_o a_o tun_n of_o timber_n can_v not_o be_v thence_o hale_v unless_o in_o the_o dry_a and_o summer-season_n but_o that_o the_o wheel_n will_v sink_v in_o the_o clay_n to_o the_o axletree_n they_o will_v also_o grow_v though_o but_o slow_o on_o the_o high_a stony_a and_o barren_a hill_n the_o acorn_n or_o oaken-mast_n be_v sow_o in_o your_o nursery_n after_o propagation_n propagation_n they_o be_v full_a ripe_a and_o before_o they_o be_v wither_v which_o will_v quick_o be_v if_o they_o lie_v open_a in_o the_o air_n will_v the_o next_o spring_n yield_v you_o plenty_n of_o young_a plant_n which_o you_o may_v order_v and_o transplant_v as_o hereafter_o in_o the_o nursery_n you_o shall_v have_v direction_n or_o for_o expedition-sake_n you_o may_v have_v young_a set_v draw_v by_o those_o that_o seek_v the_o wood_n for_o quicksets_a in_o such_o place_n where_o acorn_n have_v spontaneous_o grow_v and_o be_v shelter_v from_o cattle_n till_o they_o be_v fit_a for_o a_o remove_n but_o these_o prove_v general_o crooked_a and_o ill-shaped_a and_o so_o be_v to_o be_v cut_v near_o to_o the_o ground_n when_o you_o plant_v they_o by_o which_o mean_v they_o will_v emit_v another_o shoot_n more_o straight_o oak_n also_o prosper_v very_o well_o in_o coppice_n be_v fell_v as_o other_o underwood_n be_v it_o be_v report_v that_o a_o lady_n in_o northamptonshire_n sow_v acorn_n and_o live_v to_o cut_v the_o tree_n produce_v from_o they_o twice_o in_o two_o and_o twenty_o year_n and_o both_o as_o well_o grow_v as_o most_o be_v in_o sixteen_o or_o eighteen_o also_o that_o acorn_n set_v in_o hedge-row_n have_v in_o thirty_o year_n bear_v a_o stem_n of_o a_o foot_n diameter_n the_o several_a use_n of_o oaken_a timber_n for_o building_n and_o other_o mechanic_n use_v use_n be_v so_o universal_o know_v that_o it_o be_v but_o needless_a to_o enumerate_v they_o to_o abide_v all_o season_n of_o the_o weather_n there_o be_v no_o wood_n comparable_a unto_o it_o as_o for_o pale_n 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barren_a dry_a and_o sandy_a ground_n hazel_n the_o hazel_n also_o mountain_n and_o rocky_a soil_n produce_v they_o but_o more_o prosperous_o in_o the_o fresh_a bottom_n and_o side_n of_o hill_n and_o in_o hedge-row_n they_o be_v best_a raise_v from_o the_o nut_n preserve_v moist_a not_o mouldy_a propagation_n propagation_n by_o lay_v they_o in_o their_o own_o dry_a leaf_n or_o in_o sand_n and_o sow_o about_o the_o latter_a end_n of_o february_n they_o be_v also_o propagate_v of_o set_v and_o sucker_n the_o young_a wand_n by_o no_o mean_n to_o be_v cut_v the_o first_o year_n but_o the_o spring_n follow_v within_z three_z or_o four_o inch_n of_o the_o ground_n great_a set_v may_v be_v cut_v within_o six_o inch_n of_o the_o earth_n the_o first_o year_n the_o use_n of_o hasel-pole_n and_o rod_n be_v general_o know_v to_o the_o use_n husbandman_n beside_o for_o fuel_n and_o charcoal_n it_o be_v the_o only_a plant_n for_o the_o virgula_fw-la divina_fw-la for_o the_o discovery_n of_o mine_n it_o be_v a_o good_a ornament_n for_o walk_n and_o yield_v a_o pleasant_a fruit_n but_o why_o shall_v we_o bring_v this_o so_o near_o we_o when_o we_o have_v a_o much_o more_o excellent_a plant_n at_o as_o easy_a a_o rate_n viz._n the_o filbert_n sect_n iv_o of_o aquaticks_n or_o tree_n affect_v moist_a and_o watery_a place_n the_o white_a poplar_n delight_v in_o moist_a ground_n and_o near_o the_o margin_n poplar_n the_o poplar_n of_o river_n but_o not_o in_o the_o water_n as_o the_o willow_n do_v they_o be_v usual_o increase_v by_o the_o streght_n branch_n or_o pitcher_n propagation_n propagation_n set_v in_o the_o ground_n but_o by_o no_o mean_n cut_v off_o the_o top_n until_o they_o have_v stand_v two_o or_o three_o year_n and_o then_o head_n they_o at_o eight_o ten_o or_o fifteen_o foot_n high_a or_o more_o and_o they_o will_v yield_v in_o a_o few_o year_n a_o very_a considerable_a shroud_n which_o shrowd_v or_o branch_n may_v also_o be_v transplant_v you_o may_v also_o let_v they_o grow_v upright_o without_o top_v they_o they_o be_v then_o more_o ornamental_a but_o not_o so_o beneficial_a it_o be_v white_a wood_n be_v of_o singular_a use_n for_o the_o turner_n and_o also_o for_o use_v several_a rustic_a utensil_n and_o for_o the_o gardener_n it_o make_v also_o fuel_n for_o the_o fire_n this_o tree_n little_o differ_v from_o the_o poplar_n only_o it_o will_v grow_v not_o aspen_n the_o aspen_n only_o in_o moist_a but_o in_o dry_a ground_n in_o coppice_n etc._n etc._n be_v propagate_v by_o sucker_n but_o cut_v not_o off_o the_o top_n of_o the_o young_a cion_n the_o first_o year_n its_o use_n the_o same_o with_o the_o poplar_n the_o abele-tree_n be_v a_o fine_a kind_n of_o white_a poplar_n and_o be_v best_a abele_n the_o abele_n propagate_v of_o slip_n from_o the_o root_n they_o will_v likewise_o grow_v of_o layer_n and_o cut_n in_o three_o year_n they_o will_v come_v to_o a_o incredible_a altitude_n in_o twelve_o year_n be_v as_o big_a as_o your_o middle_n and_o in_o eighteen_o or_o twenty_o arrive_n to_o full_a perfection_n this_o plant_n of_o all_o other_o be_v the_o most_o faithful_a lover_n of_o watery_a and_o alder._n the_o alder._n boggy_a place_n they_o be_v propagate_v of_o truncheon_n and_o will_v come_v of_o seed_n propagation_n propagation_n but_o best_a of_o root_n be_v set_v as_o big_a as_o the_o small_a of_o one_o leg_n and_o in_o length_n about_o two_o foot_n if_o you_o plant_v small_a set_v cut_v they_o not_o till_o they_o have_v stand_v several_a year_n they_o be_v a_o very_a great_a improvement_n to_o moist_a and_o boggy_a land_n the_o great_a alder_n be_v good_a for_o use_n under_o the_o water_n where_o use_v it_o will_v harden_v like_o a_o very_a stone_n but_o rot_v immediate_o where_o it_o be_v sometime_o wet_a and_o sometime_o dry_a the_o wood_n be_v fit_a for_o the_o turner_n and_o several_a mechanic_n use_v the_o pole_n and_o also_o the_o bark_n be_v very_o useful_a the_o withy_n be_v a_o large_a tree_n and_o fit_a to_o be_v plant_v on_o high_a bank_n withy_n the_o withy_n because_o they_o extend_v their_o root_n deep_a than_o either_o sally_n or_o willow_n sally_n grow_v much_o fast_o if_o they_o be_v plant_v within_o the_o reach_n of_o sally_n the_o sally_n the_o water_n or_o in_o a_o very_a moorish_a ground_n and_o be_v a_o extraordinary_a improvement_n they_o be_v small_a than_o the_o sally_n and_o short_a live_v and_o require_v osier_n osier_n constant_a moisture_n the_o common_a willow_n delight_v in_o mead_n and_o ditch-side_n not_o willow_n willow_n over-wet_a they_o may_v all_o be_v plant_v by_o pitcher_n as_o the_o poplar_n those_o set_v or_o pitcher_n be_v to_o be_v prefer_v that_o grow_v near_o to_o the_o stock_n they_o shall_v be_v plant_v in_o the_o first_o fair_a weather_n in_o february_n and_o so_o till_o they_o bud_v the_o osier_n may_v also_o be_v plant_v of_o slip_n of_o two_o or_o three_o year_n growth_n a_o foot_n deep_a and_o half_a a_o yard_n in_o length_n in_o moorish_a ground_n etc._n etc._n the_o willow_n may_v be_v plant_v of_o stake_n as_o big_a as_o one_o leg_n and_o five_o or_o six_o foot_n long_o these_o aquatic_a tree_n yield_v a_o clean_a white_a wood_n fit_a for_o many_o use_n and_o benefit_n use_n like_v unto_o the_o poplar_n they_o also_o yield_v pole_n binder_n &c._n &c._n for_o the_o gardiner_n use_n the_o osier_n be_v of_o great_a use_n to_o the_o basketmaker_n gardiner_n fisherman_z etc._n etc._n they_o be_v all_o good_a fuel_n and_o make_v good_a charcoal_n they_o be_v a_o very_a great_a improvement_n to_o moorish_a and_o wet_a land_n a_o acre_n at_o eleven_o or_o twelve_o year_n growth_n may_v yield_v you_o near_o a_o hundred_o load_n of_o wood_n no_o tree_n more_o profitable_a than_o some_o of_o these_o aquaticks_n according_a to_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o place_n to_o be_v plant_v upon_o the_o edge_n of_o river_n and_o on_o bank_n bound_n or_o border_n of_o mead_n or_o wet_a land_n they_o yield_v a_o considerable_a head_n and_o ready_a for_o shroud_a in_o a_o few_o year_n mr._n evelin_n relate_v that_o a_o gentleman_n lop_v no_o less_o than_o two_o thousand_o yearly_a all_o of_o his_o own_o plant_n sect_n v._o of_o other_o tree_n usual_o plant_v for_o ornament_n or_o adorn_v garden_n avenue_n park_n and_o other_o place_n adjoin_v to_o your_o mansion-house_n and_o convertible_a also_o to_o several_a use_n this_o tree_n be_v a_o kind_n of_o maple_n and_o delight_n in_o a_o good_a light_a garden-mould_n sycamore_n the_o sycamore_n and_o will_v also_o thrive_v in_o any_o indifferent_a land_n but_o rather_o in_o moist_a than_o dry_a it_o be_v propagate_v of_o the_o key_n which_o be_v use_n it_o be_v propagation_n and_o use_n sow_o when_o they_o be_v ripe_a and_o fall_v from_o the_o tree_n come_v up_o plentiful_o the_o next_o spring_n and_o be_v a_o tree_n of_o speedy_a growth_n set_v also_o cut_v from_o the_o tree_n will_v grow_v set_v in_o moist_a ground_n or_o water_v well_o in_o the_o summer_n they_o afford_v a_o curious_a dark_a and_o pleasant_a shadow_n yield_v a_o good_a fuel_n and_o the_o timber_n fit_a for_o several_a mechanic_n use_v the_o lime-tree_n delight_v in_o a_o good_a rich_a garden-soil_a and_o thrive_v propagation_n the_o lime-tree_n propagation_n not_o in_o a_o dry_a hungry_a cold_a land_n it_o be_v raise_v from_o sucker_n as_o the_o elm_n or_o from_o seed_n or_o berry_n which_o in_o the_o autumn_n drop_v from_o the_o tree_n we_o have_v a_o sort_n of_o tilia_fw-la that_o grow_v wild_a here_o in_o england_n which_o almost_o equal_v those_o bring_v out_o of_o holland_n where_o there_o be_v nursery_n to_o raise_v they_o straight_o and_o comely_a this_o tree_n be_v of_o all_o other_o the_o most_o proper_a and_o beautiful_a for_o use_v walk_n as_o produce_v a_o upright_a body_n smooth_a and_o even_a bark_n ample_a leaf_n sweet_a blossom_n and_o a_o goodly_a shade_n at_o the_o distance_n of_o sylva_n sylva_n eighteen_o or_o twenty_o foot_n their_o head_n top_v at_o about_o six_o or_o eight_o foot_n high_a but_o if_o they_o be_v suffer_v to_o mount_v without_o check_n they_o become_v a_o very_a straight_o and_o tall_a tree_n in_o a_o little_a time_n especial_o if_o they_o grow_v near_o together_o they_o afford_v a_o very_a pleasant_a dark_a shade_n and_o perfume_v the_o air_n in_o the_o month_n of_o june_n and_o july_n with_o their_o fragrant_a blossom_n and_o entertain_v a_o mellifluous_a army_n of_o bee_n from_o the_o top_n of_o the_o morning_n till_o the_o cool_a and_o dark_a evening_n compel_v their_o return_n no_o tree_n more_o uniform_a both_o in_o its_o height_n and_o spread_a breadth_n i_o have_v know_v excellent_a ladder_n make_v of_o lime-tree-pole_n of_o a_o very_a great_a length_n the_o wood_n may_v also_o serve_v for_o several_a mechanic_n use_v like_v
double-flowred_n pomegranate_n apple_n pear_n cherry_n peach_n etc._n etc._n rose_n of_o all_o sort_n and_o several_a other_o tree_n yield_v great_a variety_n pleasure_n and_o content_a to_o the_o laborious_a husbandman_n for_o the_o nature_n order_v and_o propagate_a and_o use_n of_o they_o and_o all_o other_o pleasant_a plant_n flower_n and_o herb_n i_o must_v refer_v you_o to_o those_o tract_n that_o peculiar_o handle_v that_o subject_a my_o intention_n be_v only_o to_o promote_v the_o propagation_n and_o encourage_v the_o industrious_a in_o their_o advance_n of_o such_o tree_n plant_n grain_n etc._n etc._n that_o be_v necessary_a and_o profitable_a to_o the_o country-farmer_n although_o i_o have_v a_o little_a in_o this_o place_n digress_v from_o my_o former_a purpose_n but_o return_n and_o give_v you_o a_o account_n sect_n vii_o of_o such_o tree_n that_o be_v necessary_a and_o proper_a for_o fence_v and_o enclose_v of_o land_n orchard_n garden_n etc._n etc._n and_o the_o best_a way_n of_o raise_v such_o fence_n see_v that_o fence_a and_o enclose_v of_o land_n be_v most_o evident_a to_o be_v a_o piece_n of_o the_o high_a improvement_n of_o land_n and_o that_o all_o our_o plantation_n of_o wood_n fruit_n and_o other_o tillage_n be_v thereby_o secure_v from_o external_a injury_n which_o otherwise_o will_v lie_v open_a to_o the_o cattle_n texendae_fw-la sepe_v etiam_fw-la &_o pecus_fw-la omne_fw-la tenendum_fw-la est_fw-la praecipue_fw-la dum_fw-la frons_fw-la tenera_fw-la etc._n etc._n virgil._n and_o also_o subject_a to_o the_o lust_n of_o vile_a person_n as_o old_a tusser_n observe_v where_o fence_n and_o enclosure_n be_v deficient_a what_o orchard_n unrobbed_a escape_n or_o pullet_n dare_v walk_v in_o their_o jet_n but_o homeward_o or_o outward_a like_o ape_n they_o count_v it_o their_o own_o they_o can_v get_v for_o which_o reason_n we_o be_v oblige_v to_o maintain_v a_o good_a fence_n if_o we_o expect_v a_o answerable_a success_n to_o our_o labour_n i_o shall_v therefore_o inquire_v out_o the_o most_o proper_a tree_n for_o that_o purpose_n and_o first_o the_o white-thorn_n be_v esteem_v the_o best_a for_o fence_v it_o be_v raise_v either_o of_o seed_n or_o plant_n by_o plant_n be_v the_o speedy_a way_n but_o by_o seed_n where_o the_o place_n will_v admit_v of_o delay_n be_v less_o charge_n and_o as_o successful_a though_o it_o require_v long_a time_n they_o be_v till_o the_o spring_n come_v twelvemonth_n ere_o they_o spring_v out_o of_o the_o earth_n but_o when_o they_o have_v pass_v two_o or_o three_o year_n they_o flourish_v to_o admiration_n next_o unto_o the_o white-thorn_n be_v the_o holly_n which_o claim_v a_o preference_n holly_n toe_n holly_n much_o before_o the_o white-thorn_n be_v it_o not_o for_o its_o slow_a growth_n in_o its_o puberty_n which_o may_v the_o better_o be_v bear_v withal_o if_o we_o consider_v the_o excellency_n thereof_o either_o for_o sight_n ornament_n or_o defence_n for_o thickness_n and_o closeness_n it_o may_v compare_v to_o a_o wall_n or_o pale_a to_o defend_v your_o enclosure_n from_o wind_n or_o the_o eye_n of_o ill_a neighbour_n and_o for_o its_o strength_n against_o man_n or_o beast_n be_v impregnable_a for_o height_n or_o thickness_n it_o will_v answer_v your_o desire_n it_o be_v raise_v of_o the_o berry_n of_o the_o set_v as_o be_v the_o white-thorn_n but_o the_o set_v be_v more_o difficult_a of_o growth_n unless_o they_o be_v plant_v late_o in_o the_o spring_n and_o well_o water_v this_o plant_n deserve_v a_o principal_a place_n among_o our_o tree_n for_o pyracautha_n pyracautha_n fence_n it_o yield_v a_o very_a strong_a and_o firm_a prickly_a branch_n and_o ever-green_a leaf_n be_v quick_a of_o growth_n and_o easy_a of_o propagation_n it_o be_v raise_v either_o of_o the_o bright_a coralline_a berry_n which_o hang_v most_o part_n of_o the_o winter_n on_o the_o tree_n and_o lie_v as_o long_o in_o the_o ground_n ere_o they_o spring_v as_o the_o haw-thorn_n berry_n or_o else_o it_o be_v raise_v of_o sucker_n or_o slip_n the_o black-thorn_n and_o crab_n also_o yield_v a_o very_a good_a fence_a black-thorn_n black-thorn_n branch_n and_o be_v raise_v as_o the_o white-thorn_n a_o considerable_a fence_n may_v be_v make_v of_o elder_a set_v of_o reasonable_a elder_a the_o elder_a lusty_a truncheon_n like_o the_o willow_n and_o may_v be_v lay_v with_o great_a curiosity_n this_o make_v a_o speedy_a shelter_n for_o a_o garden_n from_o wind_n beast_n or_o suchlike_a injury_n rather_o than_o from_o rude_a mitcher_n furze_n bramble_n etc._n etc._n be_v very_o necessary_a for_o the_o plant_n of_o etc._n furze_n etc._n etc._n dry_a bank_n where_o it_o be_v difficult_a to_o raise_v a_o better_a fence_n and_o in_o those_o place_n they_o will_v maintain_v the_o bank_n against_o any_o cattle_n furze_n be_v also_o sow_o on_o barren_a land_n and_o esteem_v a_o considerable_a improvement_n the_o green_a top_n be_v good_a food_n for_o horse_n the_o pricklines_n thereof_o be_v take_v away_o by_o chap_a let_v your_o plant_n be_v about_o the_o bigness_n of_o your_o thumb_n if_o you_o can_v quickset-hedge_n the_o speedy_a and_o best_a way_n of_o plant_v a_o quickset-hedge_n and_o set_v almost_o perpendicular_a and_o cut_v within_o four_o or_o five_o inch_n of_o the_o ground_n and_o plant_v in_o a_o double_a row_n at_o about_o half_a a_o foot_n distance_n they_o will_v prosper_v infinite_o and_o much_o outstrip_v the_o close_a range_n of_o our_o trifle_n set_v the_o other_o way_n most_o follow_v for_o the_o plant_n of_o a_o quick_a field_n another_o way_n more_o usual_a and_o better_a for_o the_o field_n hedge_n be_v on_o the_o bank_n of_o a_o ditch_n thus_o place_v the_o first_o row_n of_o set_v on_o the_o brink_n of_o the_o ditch_n in_o the_o upper-mould_n and_o cover_v they_o with_o the_o better_a part_n of_o the_o mould_n take_v out_o of_o the_o ditch_n and_o raise_v the_o bank_n about_o eight_o or_o ten_o inch_n above_o they_o then_o place_v another_o row_n of_o set_v each_o set_a against_o the_o space_n of_o the_o first_o row_n then_o lay_v more_o of_o the_o best_a mould_n to_o the_o root_n of_o the_o set_v and_o raise_v the_o bank_n as_o before_o and_o place_v another_o row_n of_o set_v opposite_a to_o the_o first_o apply_v the_o best_a mould_n to_o the_o root_n and_o finish_v the_o bank_n with_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o ditch_n you_o may_v plant_v it_o as_o the_o white-thorn_n but_o if_o you_o think_v that_o too_o holly-bedge_a of_o plant_v the_o holly-bedge_a tedious_a to_o wait_v its_o rise_n you_o may_v plant_v it_o with_o the_o white-thorn_n and_o let_v every_o five_o or_o six_o be_v a_o holly-set_a they_o will_v grow_v infallible_o with_o the_o quick_a and_o as_o they_o begin_v to_o spread_v make_v way_n for_o they_o by_o extirpate_v the_o white-thorn_n till_o they_o quite_o domineer_v also_o you_o may_v lay_v along_o well-rooted_n set_v a_o yard_n or_o more_o in_o length_n and_o strip_v of_o the_o leaf_n and_o branch_n cover_v they_o with_o a_o competent_a depth_n of_o earth_n and_o they_o will_v send_v forth_o innumerable_a sucker_n which_o will_v advance_v into_o a_o hedge_n holly_n be_v one_o of_o the_o slow_a though_o best_a plant_n for_o a_o fence_n all_o these_o hedge_n be_v young_a shall_v be_v careful_o fence_v with_o cattle_n preserve_v of_o hedge_n from_o cattle_n a_o dry_a hedge_n from_o the_o bite_n of_o cattle_n on_o both_o side_n if_o need_v require_v until_o the_o the_o top_n be_v out_o of_o their_o reach_n and_o where_o any_o fail_n to_o supply_v they_o in_o time_n with_o new_a or_o to_o plash_n the_o next_o to_o fill_v such_o vacant_a gap_n while_o they_o be_v yet_o young_a they_o be_v to_o be_v constant_o weed_v hedge_n weed_n of_o hedge_n lest_o the_o weed_n prevent_v the_o thick-spreading_a of_o the_o hedge_n at_o the_o bottom_n as_o well_o as_o check_v the_o growth_n and_o prosperity_n of_o the_o plant._n if_o your_o hedge_n stand_v remote_a or_o that_o you_o do_v not_o annual_o keep_v hedge_n plash_v of_o hedge_n it_o clip_v whereby_o it_o shall_v thicken_v then_o at_o about_o six_o year_n age_n you_o may_v plash_n it_o about_o february_n or_o october_n some_o workman_n be_v far_o more_o expert_a and_o judicious_a at_o this_o than_o other_o be_v and_o can_v better_o do_v it_o than_o any_o pen_n can_v direct_v therefore_o i_o shall_v not_o trouble_v you_o therewith_o but_o leave_v you_o to_o the_o skill_n of_o the_o workman_n whatsoever_o you_o plant_v or_o make_v your_o fence_n withal_o it_o be_v a_o piece_n of_o very_o good_a husbandry_n to_o plant_v at_o some_o convenient_a distance_n setter_n either_o of_o timber_n proper_a for_o the_o soil_n or_o of_o crab_n whereon_o to_o graft_v apple_n or_o perry-stock_n for_o pear_n as_o you_o shall_v be_v advise_v or_o judge_v convenient_a which_o will_v very_o much_o improve_v your_o land_n for_o the_o future_a and_o commend_v the_o industry_n
of_o the_o planter_n sect_n viii_o of_o the_o nursery_n for_o the_o more_o convenient_a propagation_n of_o most_o of_o the_o forementioned_a tree_n several_a of_o the_o say_a tree_n be_v usual_o produce_v of_o the_o seed_n etc._n tree_n produce_v of_o seed_n etc._n etc._n mast_n or_o berry_n and_o those_o be_v the_o oak_n beech_n chesnut_n service_n maple_n sycomore_n horn-beam_n quick-beam_n hasel_n fir_n pine_n pinaster_n pitch-tree_n cypress_n cedar_n bays_n laurel_n privet_fw-la and_o juniper_n which_o be_v sow_o spring_v the_o first_o year_n and_o the_o ash_n phillyrea_n yew-tree_n white-thorn_n black-thorn_n holly_n and_o pyracantha_n who_o seed_n or_o berry_n usual_o lie_v in_o the_o earth_n another_o year_n after_o they_o be_v sow_o ere_o they_o spring_v to_o produce_v tree_n immediate_o of_o the_o seed_n be_v the_o better_a way_n first_o because_o they_o take_v soon_o second_o because_o they_o make_v the_o seed_n best_o raise_v of_o seed_n straight_a and_o most_o uniform_a shoot_n be_v very_o considerable_a in_o timber-tree_n three_o because_o they_o will_v neither_o require_v stake_n nor_o water_v which_o be_v two_o very_a considerable_a article_n and_o last_o for_o that_o all_o transplant_n though_o it_o much_o improve_v fruit-tree_n be_v a_o considerable_a impediment_n to_o the_o growth_n of_o forrest-tree_n but_o if_o they_o be_v remove_v out_o of_o the_o nursery_n while_o they_o be_v young_a and_o careful_o preserve_v this_o injury_n be_v not_o so_o great_a also_o plant_n raise_v of_o the_o seed_n in_o the_o place_n where_o they_o be_v to_o stand_v shall_v soon_o outstrip_v a_o remove_a plant_n of_o a_o great_a age_n especial_o the_o pine_n and_o walnut_n where_o the_o nut_n set_v into_o the_o ground_n shall_v certain_o overtake_v a_o tree_n of_o ten_o year_n growth_n which_o be_v plant_v at_o the_o same_o instant_n because_o of_o the_o coldness_n of_o the_o winter_n and_o the_o damage_n the_o seed_n preserve_v and_o preparation_n of_o the_o seed_n mast_n seeds_n or_o berry_n may_v receive_v from_o mouse_n and_o other_o vermin_n it_o be_v not_o good_a to_o sow_v they_o till_o the_o spring_n for_o the_o better_a preserve_n of_o they_o from_o dry_v rot_a or_o decay_a you_o may_v put_v they_o into_o pot_n barrel_n or_o other_o vessel_n cellar_n shed_v or_o suchlike_a place_n with_o a_o mixture_n of_o earth_n or_o sand_n not_o too_o dry_a intermix_v stratum_fw-la super_fw-la stratum_fw-la with_o the_o seed_n etc._n etc._n at_o the_o spring_n you_o will_v find_v they_o sprout_v and_o be_v commit_v to_o the_o earth_n as_o apt_a to_o take_v as_o if_o they_o have_v be_v sow_o with_o the_o most_o early_o some_o affirm_v that_o by_o this_o way_n of_o prepare_v the_o seed_n etc._n etc._n those_o seed_n that_o otherwise_o will_v have_v lie_v over_o another_o winter_n in_o the_o ground_n before_o they_o have_v spring_v be_v now_o commit_v to_o the_o ground_n before_o the_o full_a in_o march_n will_v that_o season_n be_v chit_v and_o speedy_o take_v root_n choose_v not_o your_o mast_n or_o seed_n from_o the_o age_a decay_a or_o not_o seed_n election_n of_o the_o seed_n thrive_a tree_n but_o from_o a_o thrive_a tree_n of_o a_o sound_a stock_n and_o firm_a wood_n and_o let_v the_o seed_n be_v the_o most_o weighty_a clean_a and_o bright_a make_v choice_n of_o some_o spare_a place_n of_o ground_n well_o fence_v and_o nursery_n place_v for_o a_o nursery_n secure_v from_o cattle_n coney_n etc._n etc._n respect_v the_o southeast_n rather_o than_o the_o full_a south_n and_o well_o protect_v from_o the_o north_n and_o west_n let_v the_o ground_n be_v rather_o dry_v than_o moist_a for_o tree_n will_v rare_o thrive_v be_v remove_v out_o of_o a_o wet_a into_o a_o dry_a place_n but_o exceed_v well_o out_o of_o a_o dry_a into_o a_o moist_a break_v up_o the_o ground_n and_o prepare_v it_o the_o winter_n before_o you_o sow_v it_o the_o clean_a it_o be_v from_o weed_n and_o the_o light_a and_o mellow_a the_o ground_n be_v the_o better_a will_v the_o seed_n thrive_v for_o in_o much_o weed_n the_o young_a plant_n be_v endanger_v the_o nursery_n for_o your_o fir_n pine_n cypress_n and_o all_o such_o winter-greens_a and_o tender_a plant_n have_v need_n be_v shelter_v from_o the_o southern_a aspect_n either_o artificial_o or_o else_o make_v where_o it_o be_v natural_o so_o defend_v you_o may_v make_v furrow_n or_o trench_n of_o four_o or_o sive_z inch_n sow_v manner_n of_o sow_v deep_a at_o about_o two_o foot_n breadth_n with_o a_o convenient_a interval_n for_o the_o more_o commodious_a weed_n and_o dress_v the_o plant_n into_o these_o furrow_n cast_v your_o seed_n or_o mast_n such_o as_o usual_o spring_v the_o first_o year_n in_o bed_n by_o themselves_o and_o such_o that_o stay_v the_o second_o by_o themselves_o or_o as_o it_o be_v best_o for_o the_o better_a order_v they_o at_o their_o removal_n sow_v each_o seed_n or_o mast_n apart_o then_o cover_v they_o with_o a_o rake_n the_o seed_n of_o fir_n pine_n etc._n etc._n need_v not_o be_v sow_o above_o a_o inch_n deep_a and_o cover_v fine_o with_o a_o sieve_n and_o due_o water_v if_o the_o seed_n of_o pine_n or_o fir_n be_v roll_v in_o a_o fine_a compost_n make_v of_o sheeps-dung_n and_o plant_v they_o never_o fail_v but_o for_o the_o more_o convenient_a removal_n of_o the_o pine_n which_o least_o abide_v it_o of_o any_o tree_n i_o know_v take_v small_a earthen_a pot_n without_o bottom_n or_o small_a basket_n box_n or_o suchlike_a and_o set_v they_o to_o the_o brim_n in_o row_n in_o the_o ground_n and_o fill_v they_o with_o good_a mould_n and_o plant_v in_o each_o of_o they_o two_o or_o three_o seed_n when_o they_o grow_v leave_v only_o one_o and_o by_o this_o mean_n at_o two_o or_o three_o year_n growth_n may_v you_o secure_o remove_v they_o the_o earth_n be_v keep_v fast_o about_o the_o root_n and_o wherever_o you_o plant_v they_o the_o tree_n itself_o in_o time_n will_v rid_v its_o stem_n of_o the_o pot_n or_o box._n when_o the_o young_a imp_n or_o seedling_n be_v spring_v up_o you_o must_v nursery_n order_v of_o the_o nursery_n be_v very_o careful_a in_o keep_v they_o from_o weed_n which_o else_o will_v soon_o overrun_v they_o and_o after_o weed_n the_o ground_n be_v unsettled_a give_v they_o a_o little_a water_n if_o it_o be_v a_o dry_a and_o hot_a season_n the_o winter_n follow_v you_o may_v lay_v a_o few_o bush_n furze_n or_o such_o like_a over_o they_o and_o scatter_v a_o little_a straw_n only_o to_o break_v the_o force_n of_o the_o wind_n which_o in_o the_o winter_n season_n injure_v more_o than_o snow_n or_o frost_n but_o for_o the_o cypress_n phillyrea_n and_o such_o other_o tender_a winter-greens_a you_o must_v defend_v they_o with_o more_o care_n if_o you_o intend_v to_o raise_v a_o coppice_n from_o mast_n or_o seed_n dig_v or_o plough_v coppice_n sow_v of_o a_o coppice_n the_o parcel_n of_o ground_n you_o intend_v as_o you_o will_v prepare_v it_o for_o corn_n and_o with_o the_o corn_n either_o in_o the_o autumn_n or_o spring_n sow_v also_o good_a store_n of_o such_o mast_n nut_n seed_n berry_n etc._n etc._n as_o you_o desire_v then_o take_v off_o your_o crop_n of_o corn_n and_o lay_v it_o up_o for_o wood_n although_o that_o several_a sort_n of_o your_o seed_n come_v up_o the_o first_o yet_o will_v they_o receive_v but_o little_a injury_n by_o tread_v at_o the_o harvest_n but_o injure_v it_o as_o little_a as_o you_o can_v also_o the_o stubble_n be_v leave_v high_a will_v be_v a_o shelter_n for_o the_o young_a tree_n the_o first_o winter_n sect_n ix_o of_o the_o transplantation_n of_o tree_n the_o best_a time_n for_o remove_v or_o transplant_n of_o all_o tree_n that_o time_n the_o time_n shed_v their_o leaf_n be_v in_o october_n or_o the_o begin_n of_o november_n immediate_o after_o or_o at_o the_o fall_n of_o their_o leaf_n but_o that_o time_n be_v omit_v you_o may_v transplant_v they_o till_o the_o spring_n in_o open_a weather_n and_o before_o they_o bud_v all_o tree_n that_o shed_v not_o their_o leaf_n annual_o but_o be_v ever_o green_a be_v to_o be_v remove_v in_o the_o spring_n when_o the_o cold_a be_v over_o for_o they_o spring_v not_o so_o soon_o in_o the_o year_n as_o the_o other_o but_o some_o affirm_v the_o only_a time_n to_o be_v in_o august_n such_o tree_n that_o be_v pithy_a as_o the_o ash_n sycomore_n lime-tree_n aspen_n tree_n cut_v not_o the_o top_n of_o some_o tree_n and_o suchlike_a cut_v not_o off_o their_o top_n the_o first_o year_n of_o their_o remove_n because_o the_o wet_a will_v be_v apt_a to_o perish_v the_o plant_n neither_o diminish_v the_o head_n nor_o many_o of_o the_o branch_n nor_o root_n of_o the_o fir_n pine_n or_o other_o rosinaceous_a tree_n for_o they_o be_v prone_a to_o spend_v their_o gum_n to_o the_o great_a injury_n if_o
of_o a_o large_a stature_n and_o many_o time_n without_o top_v or_o diminution_n of_o the_o head_n which_o be_v of_o great_a importance_n to_o supply_v a_o defect_n or_o remove_v a_o curiosity_n after_o you_o have_v transplant_v your_o tree_n if_o you_o lay_v about_o the_o tree_n help_v to_o tree_n root_n or_o stem_n fern_n straw_n stubble_n hawm_n or_o any_o other_o vegetable_a whatsoever_o either_o green_a or_o half_a rot_a be_v best_a which_o will_v preserve_v the_o root_n moist_a in_o the_o summer_n and_o yield_v a_o good_a manure_n or_o soil_n which_o the_o rain_n will_v carry_v to_o the_o root_n also_o stone_n lay_v about_o the_o root_n of_o tree_n preserve_v they_o moist_a in_o the_o summer_n and_o warm_a in_o the_o winter_n and_o keep_v they_o fast_o against_o the_o shake_a wind_n copse_n may_v also_o be_v plant_v about_o autumn_n with_o the_o young_a copse_n plant_v of_o copse_n set_v or_o plant_n the_o best_a way_n be_v in_o row_n about_o ten_o or_o fifteen_o foot_n distance_n for_o than_o may_v you_o reap_v the_o benefit_n of_o the_o interval_n by_o plough_v or_o digging_z and_o sow_v till_o the_o tree_n be_v well_o advance_v cart_n also_o may_v the_o better_o pass_v between_o at_o the_o time_n of_o fell_n without_o injury_n to_o the_o stem_n or_o danger_n of_o the_o cattle_n there_o will_v also_o be_v many_o pleasant_a walk_n and_o yet_o a_o equal_a burden_n of_o wood_n at_o the_o full_a growth_n of_o the_o copse_n as_o though_o they_o be_v thick_a and_o confuse_o plant_v there_o be_v a_o compendious_a way_n for_o thicken_a of_o copse_n that_o be_v copse_n thicken_a of_o copse_n too_o thin_a by_o lay_v of_o some_o of_o the_o branch_n of_o the_o tree_n that_o stand_v near_o unto_o the_o bare_a place_n on_o the_o ground_n or_o a_o little_a in_o the_o ground_n giving_z it_o a_o chop_n near_o the_o foot_n the_o better_a to_o make_v it_o yield_v this_o detain_v with_o a_o hook_n or_o two_o and_o cover_v with_o some_o fresh_a mould_n at_o a_o competent_a depth_n will_v produce_v a_o world_n of_o sucker_n and_o thicken_v and_o furnish_v a_o copse_n speedy_o sect_n x._o of_o the_o prune_v shroud_a cut_v and_o felling_n of_o tree_n and_o copse_n in_o the_o discreet_a performance_n of_o this_o work_n the_o improvement_n of_o tree_n prune_v of_o tree_n our_o timber_n and_o wood_n do_v much_o consist_v and_o render_v our_o avenue_n walk_n park_n etc._n etc._n much_o more_o pleasant_a and_o commodious_a to_o have_v the_o tree_n stand_v in_o order_n their_o branch_n at_o a_o convenient_a height_n and_o keep_v clean_o from_o all_o superfluity_n such_o tree_n that_o be_v for_o timber_n it_o be_v best_o to_o prune_v while_o they_o be_v young_a and_o the_o branch_n not_o too_o big_a of_o these_o and_o other_o tree_n it_o be_v good_a to_o cut_v off_o the_o branch_n that_o be_v superfluous_a about_o january_n with_o a_o very_a sharp_a bill_n or_o other_o tool_n make_v the_o stroke_n upward_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o grain_n of_o the_o wood_n and_o to_o prevent_v the_o slit_v of_o the_o tree_n at_o the_o fall_n of_o the_o branch_n and_o cut_v it_o clean_o smooth_a and_o close_o for_o by_o cut_v of_o the_o branch_n at_o a_o distance_n from_o the_o tree_n the_o stump_n rot_v and_o leave_v hollow_a hole_n which_o decay_n the_o tree_n and_o spoil_v the_o timber_n such_o tree_n that_o be_v not_o fit_a for_o timber_n or_o that_o you_o desire_v shall_v tree_n shroud_a or_o lop_n of_o tree_n yield_v you_o a_o present_a advantage_n or_o serve_v for_o fuel_n you_o may_v shroud_v or_o lop_v they_o which_o will_v return_v you_o a_o considerable_a advantage_n and_o be_v much_o to_o be_v prefer_v before_o a_o copse_n in_o these_o several_a respect_n 1._o these_o pollard_n or_o shroud_v tree_n need_v no_o fence_n to_o be_v maintain_v about_o they_o stand_v in_o no_o danger_n of_o the_o browsing_n or_o frication_n of_o cattle_n coney_n etc._n etc._n 2._o you_o have_v the_o benefit_n of_o graze_v under_o these_o tree_n which_o be_v very_o considerable_a while_o the_o top_n be_v young_a 3._o the_o stock_n take_v in_o time_n before_o they_o decay_n or_o grow_v hollow_a yield_v a_o good_a timber_n fit_a for_o many_o use_n or_o at_o least_o good_a cleave_v for_o the_o fire_n 4._o and_o last_o you_o may_v raise_v these_o pollard_n in_o hedge-row_n and_o spare_a place_n and_o border_n of_o your_o ground_n where_o they_o prove_v a_o good_a shelter_n as_o before_o we_o note_v and_o little_o injure_v the_o ground_n notwithstanding_o the_o copse_n be_v quick_a of_o growth_n and_o raise_v a_o more_o considerable_a advantage_n for_o the_o present_a than_o this_o way_n in_o some_o place_n therefore_o where_o you_o have_v convenience_n for_o a_o copse_n i_o leave_v you_o to_o your_o election_n tree_n be_v not_o to_o be_v shroud_v till_o they_o have_v take_v fast_o root_n shroud_a time_n for_o shroud_a and_o so_o stand_v for_o three_o or_o four_o year_n at_o what_o height_n you_o think_v convenient_a so_o it_o be_v out_o of_o the_o reach_n of_o cattle_n either_o at_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o spring_n or_o the_o end_n of_o the_o fall_n for_o the_o hard_a sort_n of_o wood_n it_o be_v very_o indifferent_a observe_v that_o they_o be_v not_o lop_v above_o once_o in_o ten_o or_o twelve_o year_n and_o at_o any_o time_n in_o the_o winter_n the_o elm_n and_o the_o ash_n and_o suchlike_a pithy_a and_o soft_a wood_n be_v fit_a to_o be_v shroud_v at_o the_o spring_n lest_o the_o winter_n injure_v the_o tree_n always_o observe_v to_o cut_v the_o remain_a stump_n aslope_o and_o shroud_a observation_n in_o shroud_a smooth_a that_o they_o cast_v the_o water_n off_o that_o the_o tree_n perish_v not_o take_v not_o off_o the_o head_n of_o the_o poplar_n nor_o of_o any_o of_o the_o soft_a wood_n before_o shroud_v grow_v upright_o and_o smooth_a after_o they_o have_v attain_v the_o bigness_n of_o one_o leg_n unless_o you_o leave_v some_o collateral_a shoot_n to_o attract_v the_o sap_n for_o it_o will_v endanger_v the_o tree_n all_o perennial_a green_n or_o resinous_n plant_n be_v not_o to_o be_v prune_v winter-greens_a prune_v of_o winter-greens_a or_o cut_v until_o the_o great_a frost_n and_o bitter_a wind_n be_v past_a and_o then_o not_o in_o any_o wise_a decapitate_v the_o fir_n pine_n nor_o such_o pithy_a plant_n and_o be_v very_o spare_v of_o their_o collateral_a branch_n you_o may_v cut_v aquatic_a tree_n every_o three_o or_o four_o year_n and_o aquaticks_n cut_v of_o aquaticks_n some_o more_o frequent_o according_a as_o the_o tree_n be_v in_o proof_n or_o the_o shrowd_n or_o top_n fit_a for_o your_o occasion_n cut_v they_o not_o too_o near_o the_o main_a stock_n because_o of_o perish_v the_o tree_n and_o beside_o it_o give_v leave_v for_o the_o new_a sprout_n the_o best_a time_n for_o cut_v aquaticks_n either_o to_o dress_v or_o plant_v time_n the_o time_n they_o be_v about_o the_o begin_n of_o march_n or_o the_o first_o open_a weather_n at_o the_o spring_n but_o if_o for_o the_o fire_n in_o the_o 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your_o cost_n in_o the_o winter_n when_o sittle_a else_o can_v be_v do_v to_o the_o hop-garden_n hop-garden_n dung_v or_o soil_v of_o the_o hop-garden_n then_o may_v you_o provide_v soil_n and_o manure_v against_o the_o spring_n if_o the_o dung_n you_o carry_v in_o be_v rot_v then_o mix_v it_o with_o two_o or_o three_o part_n of_o the_o common_a earth_n and_o so_o let_v it_o lie_v well_o mix_v till_o the_o spring_n which_o will_v serve_v to_o make_v up_o the_o hill_n withal_o but_o if_o the_o dung_n or_o soil_n be_v new_a then_o let_v it_o lie_v mix_v till_o another_o year_n for_o new_a dung_n be_v very_o injurious_a to_o hop_n horse-dung_n cowdung_n or_o oxe-dung_n be_v very_o good_a but_o no_o dung_n be_v to_o compare_v with_o pigeons-dung_n a_o little_a thereof_o only_o to_o a_o hill_n and_o mix_v that_o it_o may_v not_o be_v too_o hot_a in_o a_o place_n sheeps-dung_n also_o be_v very_o good_a in_o the_o spring_n or_o summertime_n if_o you_o steep_a sheeps-dung_n pigeons-dung_n or_o hen-dung_n in_o water_n till_o it_o be_v quite_o dissolve_v and_o when_o you_o water_n your_o hop_n on_o the_o top_n of_o every_o hill_n in_o the_o hollow_a place_n make_v to_o contain_v the_o water_n you_o may_v put_v a_o dishful_a of_o this_o dissolve_a dung_n and_o the_o water_n wherewith_o you_o water_v your_o hop_n will_v carry_v with_o it_o the_o virtue_n thereof_o to_o the_o root_n of_o the_o hop_n which_o may_v prove_v the_o most_o expeditious_a advantageous_a and_o least_o expensive_a way_n of_o enrich_v the_o hop-hill_n of_o any_o other_o also_o by_o this_o mean_v you_o may_v convey_v to_o the_o root_n of_o hop_n or_o any_o other_o plant_n the_o fix_a salt_n or_o virtue_n of_o lime_n ash_n or_o any_o other_o fertilize_v or_o enrich_v subject_n whatsoever_o whereof_o we_o have_v already_o discourse_v sect_n ii_o of_o liquorice_n saffron_n mad_a and_o dyer_n weed_n the_o land_n this_o plant_n principal_o delight_v in_o be_v not_o every_o liquorice_n of_o liquorice_n where_o to_o be_v have_v be_v one_o of_o the_o cause_v it_o be_v so_o much_o neglect_v and_o the_o method_n of_o plant_v and_o order_v of_o it_o so_o little_o understand_v although_o our_o english_a liquorice_n exceed_v any_o foreign_a whatsoever_o yet_o have_v not_o we_o enough_o plant_v but_o yearly_o buy_v of_o other_o nation_n it_o much_o delight_n in_o a_o dry_a and_o warm_a land_n light_n and_o mellow_a it_o best_a land_n for_o liquorice_n and_o the_o order_n of_o it_o and_o very_o deep_a for_o in_o the_o length_n of_o the_o root_n consist_v the_o great_a advantage_n for_o if_o it_o be_v not_o light_a dry_a and_o deep_a the_o root_n can_v enlarge_v free_o such_o land_n that_o carriot_n parsnip_n etc._n etc._n delight_n in_o liquorice_n will_v prosper_v in_o it_o if_o the_o ground_n be_v not_o very_o rich_a of_o itself_o you_o must_v mix_v good_a store_n of_o the_o best_a and_o light_a soil_n in_o the_o dig_v it_o must_v be_v trench_v very_o deep_a at_o the_o least_o three_o spade_n deep_a in_o case_n the_o mould_n will_v bear_v it_o and_o lay_v it_o as_o light_a as_o possible_o you_o can_v the_o best_a way_n be_v to_o dig_v it_o with_o the_o dung_n at_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o winter_n and_o then_o dig_v it_o again_o at_o planting-time_n which_o will_v lay_v it_o much_o the_o light_a and_o mix_v the_o dung_n the_o better_a procure_v your_o set_v from_o the_o best_a and_o large_a liquorice_n the_o best_a set_v choice_n of_o set_v set_v be_v the_o crown-sets_a or_o head_n get_v from_o the_o very_a top_n of_o the_o root_n next_o and_o near_o as_o good_a be_v the_o runner_n which_o spread_v from_o the_o master-root_n and_o have_v little_a sprouts_n
and_o dispose_v of_o the_o stalk_v and_o root_n to_o the_o dyer_n which_o be_v of_o singular_a use_n for_o the_o die_v of_o the_o bright_a yellow_a and_o lemon-colour_n sect_n iii_o of_o bean_n pease_n melon_n cucumber_n asparagus_n cabbage_n and_o several_a other_o sort_n of_o garden-tillage_n of_o bean_n in_o general_n we_o have_v already_o discourse_v in_o this_o treatise_n garden-bean_n garden-bean_n only_o here_o as_o it_o fall_v in_o our_o way_n we_o shall_v say_v a_o little_a concern_v the_o great_a sort_n of_o garden-bean_n which_o you_o plant_v only_o for_o the_o table_n they_o delight_v in_o a_o rich_a stiff_a land_n or_o any_o land_n new_o break_v up_o they_o be_v usual_o set_v between_o s._n andrew_n day_n and_o christmas_n at_o the_o wane_n of_o the_o moon_n but_o if_o it_o happen_v to_o freeze_v hard_o after_o your_o bean_n be_v spire_v it_o will_v go_v near_o to_o kill_v they_o all_o therefore_o it_o be_v the_o sure_a way_n to_o stay_v till_o the_o great_a frost_n be_v over_o until_o after_o candlemas_n it_o be_v a_o general_a error_n to_o set_v they_o promiscuous_o and_o too_o near_o together_o when_o it_o be_v most_o evident_a that_o be_v set_v or_o otherwise_o plant_v in_o row_v by_o a_o line_n they_o bear_v much_o more_o the_o sun_n and_o air_n have_v a_o more_o free_a passage_n between_o they_o also_o you_o may_v the_o better_o go_v between_o they_o to_o weed_n top_n or_o gather_v they_o also_o you_o may_v sow_v carrot_n in_o the_o interval_n which_o after_o the_o stalk_n be_v draw_v up_o will_v prove_v a_o good_a second_o crop_n let_v the_o range_v run_v from_o south_n to_o north_n for_o the_o great_a advantage_n of_o the_o sun_n if_o you_o sow_v or_o plant_v they_o in_o the_o spring_n steep_v they_o two_o or_o three_o day_n in_o fat_a water_n as_o before_o be_v prescribe_v for_o the_o steep_v of_o corn_n it_o be_v better_a to_o how_o they_o in_o than_o to_o set_v they_o with_o stick_v the_o usual_a way_n in_o the_o gather_n of_o green_a bean_n for_o the_o table_n the_o best_a way_n be_v to_o cut_v they_o off_o with_o a_o knife_n and_o not_o as_o be_v usual_a to_o strip_v they_o down_o for_o that_o wound_n prevent_v the_o prosperity_n of_o the_o young_a cod_n not_o yet_o ripe_a when_o you_o have_v gather_v your_o early_a bean_n then_o cut_v off_o the_o stalk_n near_o the_o ground_n and_o you_o may_v probable_o have_v a_o second_o crop_n ere_o the_o winter_n approach_n these_o large_a sort_n of_o bean_n yield_v a_o far_o great_a increase_n than_o the_o ordinary_a sort_n therefore_o it_o be_v great_a pity_n they_o be_v no_o more_o propagate_v in_o the_o field_n than_o they_o be_v especial_o where_o the_o ground_n be_v rich_a there_o be_v several_a sort_n of_o garden-pease_n sow_o or_o plant_v in_o this_o pease_n of_o pease_n kingdom_n some_o approve_v of_o for_o their_o be_v early_o ripe_a and_o some_o for_o their_o pleasant_a taste_n other_o for_o their_o be_v late_o ripe_a succeed_a the_o other_o the_o hotspur_n be_v ripe_a the_o soon_a from_o their_o time_n of_o sow_v of_o any_o other_o then_o succeed_v the_o large_a white_a pease_n and_o several_a other_o sort_n of_o green_a grey_a and_o white_a pease_n then_o the_o large_a white_a hasting_n and_o great_a grey_a rouncival_n pease_n there_o be_v also_o another_o sort_n of_o pease_n in_o some_o place_n usual_o call_v the_o sugar-pease_n for_o their_o sweetness_n they_o be_v to_o be_v eat_v in_o their_o cod_n which_o grow_v crooked_a and_o uneven_a their_o extraordinary_a sweetness_n make_v they_o liable_a to_o be_v devour_v by_o the_o bird_n unless_o you_o take_v great_a care_n to_o prevent_v they_o these_o be_v sow_o late_a than_o the_o other_o by_o reason_n of_o their_o tenderness_n a_o fat_a rich_a garden-mould_n yield_v the_o large_a pease_n but_o a_o light_n warm_a and_o ordinary_a soil_n yield_v the_o tender_a and_o sweet_a if_o you_o will_v have_v the_o early_a pease_n sow_v they_o in_o september_n or_o october_n that_o they_o may_v get_v some_o head_n before_o the_o frost_n take_v they_o and_o then_o with_o due_a care_n may_v they_o be_v preserve_v over_o the_o winter_n and_o will_v bear_v very_o early_o also_o to_o have_v they_o very_o late_o sow_v they_o a_o little_a before_o midsummer_n and_o so_o may_v you_o have_v pease_n in_o september_n as_o for_o the_o manner_n of_o sow_v it_o be_v divers_a some_o sow_n at_o random_n as_o they_o sow_v corn_n which_o be_v altogether_o to_o be_v disapprove_v of_o because_o they_o can_v be_v so_o even_o disperse_v nor_o at_o so_o equal_a a_o depth_n as_o in_o the_o other_o way_n other_o set_v they_o in_o range_v with_o a_o dibble_n or_o setting-stick_a which_o be_v a_o very_a excellent_a way_n both_o to_o save_v pease_n and_o to_o give_v liberty_n to_o pass_v between_o for_o the_o how_v gather_v etc._n etc._n but_o that_o which_o be_v most_o use_v and_o best_a approve_a of_o be_v the_o how_v of_o they_o in_o which_o make_v a_o quick_a riddance_n of_o the_o work_n and_o cover_v all_o at_o a_o certain_a depth_n and_o do_v not_o sadden_fw-mi or_o harden_v the_o ground_n as_o set_n do_v it_o be_v good_a to_o make_v the_o range_v at_o some_o reasonable_a distance_n that_o you_o may_v the_o more_o convenient_o pass_v between_o they_o to_o how_o the_o weed_n and_o earth_n up_o the_o root_n in_o the_o spring_n for_o the_o nakedness_n and_o barrenness_n of_o the_o ground_n add_v much_o to_o the_o maturation_n of_o the_o pease_n by_o the_o reflection_n of_o the_o sun_n and_o the_o lay_v up_o the_o earth_n at_o the_o root_n preserve_v they_o much_o from_o drought_n where_o your_o ground_n be_v small_a or_o that_o you_o can_v easy_o furnish_v yourself_o with_o stick_n they_o will_v yield_v a_o great_a increase_n if_o they_o have_v stick_v to_o climb_v on_o but_o this_o and_o several_a other_o way_n of_o order_v they_o we_o leave_v to_o the_o pleasure_n and_o skill_n of_o every_o one_o who_o curiosity_n and_o delight_n be_v exercise_v in_o such_o affair_n of_o all_o the_o sort_n of_o codware_n there_o be_v none_o so_o fruitful_a nor_o multiply_v french-bean_n of_o french-bean_n so_o much_o as_o do_v the_o french_a or_o kidney-bean_n be_v also_o a_o very_a pleasant_a curious_a and_o wholesome_a food_n and_o deserve_v a_o great_a place_n and_o proportion_n of_o land_n in_o our_o farm_n than_o be_v usual_o give_v it_o it_o be_v a_o plant_n late_o bring_v into_o use_n among_o we_o and_o not_o yet_o sufficient_o know_v the_o great_a impediment_n to_o its_o far_a propagation_n be_v the_o tenderness_n of_o it_o at_o its_o first_o spring_v and_o the_o sweetness_n of_o it_o which_o make_v it_o more_o liable_a to_o be_v devour_v by_o snail_n worm_n etc._n etc._n but_o a_o little_a care_n and_o industry_n bestow_v about_o they_o will_v be_v plentiful_o recompense_v in_o the_o fruitful_a crop_n the_o several_a use_n whereof_o as_o well_o for_o the_o kitchen_n as_o for_o the_o feed_n of_o beast_n and_o fowl_n be_v not_o yet_o common_o know_v or_o practise_v these_o be_v mere_o fruit_n raise_v for_o our_o pleasure_n in_o the_o summertime_n cucumber_n of_o melon_n and_o cucumber_n and_o not_o of_o any_o general_a use_n nor_o advantage_n to_o the_o husbandman_n we_o shall_v therefore_o pass_v they_o by_o only_o as_o to_o the_o order_n of_o the_o ground_n for_o the_o set_n and_o raise_v they_o early_o see_v more_o at_o the_o end_n of_o this_o chapter_n the_o best_a way_n for_o the_o raise_n of_o pompion_n be_v to_o plant_v the_o seed_n pompion_n of_o pompion_n first_o in_o a_o good_a mould_n in_o a_o warm_a place_n and_o then_o to_o transplant_v they_o into_o a_o rich_a dungy_a bed_n make_v for_o that_o purpose_n water_v they_o now_o and_o then_o with_o water_n wherein_o pigeons-dung_n have_v be_v infuse_v then_o take_v away_o about_o blossom_a time_n all_o the_o by-shoots_a leave_v only_o one_o or_o two_o main_a runner_n at_o the_o most_o and_o so_o shall_v you_o have_v they_o grow_v to_o a_o huge_a bigness_n take_v heed_n you_o hurt_v not_o the_o head_n 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they_o will_v bear_v head_n the_o autumn_n follow_v they_o be_v to_o be_v plant_v four_o or_o five_o foot_n distance_n the_o one_o from_o the_o other_o if_o the_o soil_n be_v rich_a but_o if_o it_o be_v not_o then_o near_o after_o the_o plant_v they_o need_v no_o other_o culture_n before_o winter_n save_v only_a weed_n and_o dress_v sometime_o and_o a_o little_a water_n if_o the_o spring_n be_v dry_a against_o the_o winter_n before_o the_o great_a frost_n they_o be_v to_o be_v preserve_v frost_n preservation_n against_o frost_n against_o they_o some_o cut_v the_o leaf_n within_o a_o foot_n of_o the_o ground_n and_o raise_v the_o earth_n about_o they_o in_o manner_n of_o a_o molehill_n within_o two_o or_o three_o inch_n of_o the_o top_n and_o then_o cover_v it_o with_o long-dung_n which_o both_o preserve_v they_o from_o frost_n and_o keep_v the_o rain_n from_o rot_v they_o other_o put_v long-dung_n about_o the_o plant_n leave_v the_o plant_n a_o little_a breath-room_n in_o the_o 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love_n even_o to_o the_o loss_n of_o their_o life_n in_o defence_n of_o their_o master_n his_o cattle_n good_n etc._n etc._n their_o officiousness_n in_o hunt_v and_o seek_v after_o all_o sort_n of_o prey_n or_o game_n be_v so_o common_o know_v and_o so_o frequent_o make_v use_n of_o that_o it_o be_v needless_a to_o tell_v you_o so_o only_o that_o they_o be_v of_o different_a sort_n and_o nature_n some_o as_o a_o guard_n to_o defend_v your_o house_n and_o good_n other_o as_o shepherd_n to_o defend_v your_o sheep_n and_o cattle_n other_o as_o jaccal_n or_o watchman_n always_o wakeful_a to_o rouse_v up_o the_o heavy_a mastiff_n whereof_o some_o be_v for_o the_o bear_n other_o for_o the_o bull._n some_o dog_n also_o be_v for_o the_o game_n as_o for_o the_o stag_n buck_n fox_n hare_n coney_n pollcat_n otter_n weasel_n mole_n etc._n etc._n also_o for_o the_o duck_n pheasant_n partridge_n quayl_n moorhen_n and_o several_a other_o sort_n of_o land_n and_o waterfowl_n other_o also_o be_v 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saxifrage_n parsley_n grass_n and_o many_o other_o also_o hay_o bran_n grain_n oat_n etc._n etc._n they_o ought_v to_o be_v constant_o feed_v and_o cleanse_v and_o great_a care_n take_v to_o keep_v they_o from_o cat_n pollcat_n etc._n etc._n if_o you_o have_v much_o garden-ground_n and_o a_o good_a soil_n free_a from_o water_n day_n or_o stone_n for_o they_o to_o breed_v in_o they_o will_v thrive_v exceed_o and_o double_o repay_v your_o care_n and_o trouble_v by_o feed_v they_o with_o dry_a meat_n between_o while_n in_o the_o winter-season_n it_o preserve_v they_o from_o the_o rot_n which_o in_o moist_a weather_n they_o be_v subject_a unto_o but_o if_o you_o feed_v they_o much_o with_o dry_a meat_n you_o must_v set_v they_o water_n otherwise_o not_o the_o
if_o they_o do_v they_o be_v easy_o find_v again_o if_o the_o worm_n be_v not_o well_o feed_v the_o silk_n be_v small_a and_o easy_o break_v another_o way_n to_o make_v these_o gummy_a bottom_n wind_n easy_a be_v this_o take_v soap-boiler_n liquor_n or_o lee_n which_o be_v very_o sharp_a and_o strong_a and_o put_v therein_o your_o bottom_n and_o set_v they_o over_o the_o fire_n till_o the_o liquor_n be_v scald_a hot_a and_o so_o let_v the_o bottom_n remain_v therein_o about_o half_a a_o quarter_n of_o a_o hour_n till_o the_o gumminess_n be_v dissolve_v then_o put_v the_o bottom_n into_o clean_a scald_a water_n and_o let_v they_o lie_v a_o while_n therein_o then_o will_v they_o unwind_v with_o much_o facility_n a_o lixivium_n make_v of_o wood-ash_n very_o strong_a will_v do_v as_o well_o as_o the_o aforesaid_a soap-boiler_n liquor_n there_o be_v a_o kind_n of_o tow_n or_o rough_a sort_n of_o silk_n that_o will_v not_o wind_v up_o with_o the_o other_o which_o may_v be_v prepare_v and_o 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several_a action_n and_o employment_n that_o be_v incident_a and_o belong_v to_o this_o noble_a art_n of_o agriculture_n and_o its_o several_a branch_n before_o treat_v of_o that_o no_o one_o exercise_v in_o husbandry_n can_v promise_v himself_o a_o peculiar_a indemnity_n from_o the_o usual_a misfortune_n that_o general_o attend_v it_o which_o be_v the_o cause_n that_o at_o some_o time_n that_o very_a commodity_n be_v dear_a and_o scarce_o which_o at_o another_o time_n be_v cheap_a and_o plentiful_a and_o that_o some_o husbandman_n have_v excellent_a crop_n and_o good_a success_n at_o the_o same_o time_n when_o other_o have_v the_o contrary_n these_o very_a consideration_n have_v not_o only_o stir_v up_o the_o ingenious_a to_o consider_v of_o the_o disease_n and_o injury_n themselves_o but_o also_o to_o seek_v after_o the_o mean_n to_o avoid_v those_o that_o of_o necessity_n attend_v they_o and_o to_o prevent_v such_o that_o may_v be_v prevent_v which_o we_o find_v disperse_v in_o several_a author_n and_o also_o find_v to_o have_v be_v make_v use_n of_o by_o many_o of_o our_o modern_a ingenious_a rustic_n and_o not_o yet_o make_v public_a and_o first_o we_o will_v discourse_v of_o such_o injury_n and_o inconvenience_n that_o proceed_v sect_n i._o from_o the_o heaven_n or_o the_o air._n this_o island_n be_v general_o subject_a to_o great_a heat_n or_o drought_n in_o drought_n great_a heat_n or_o drought_n the_o summertime_n which_o so_o much_o exsiccate_v and_o waste_v the_o moisture_n and_o vegetative_a nature_n of_o the_o earth_n that_o much_o of_o our_o common_a field_n or_o open_a land_n yield_v but_o a_o reasonable_a crop_n of_o corn-land_n in_o corn-land_n corn_n nor_o our_o open_a and_o wide_a pasture_n or_o dry_a land_n much_o grass_n or_o feed_n for_o cattle_n yet_o be_v these_o dry_a summer_n most_o propitious_a unto_o we_o and_o in_o they_o do_v we_o reap_v the_o most_o copious_a crop_n but_o it_o be_v because_o we_o have_v so_o much_o low_a ground_n under_o the_o shelter_n and_o so_o many_o enclosure_n defend_v from_o the_o destructive_a and_o sweep_a summer-air_n where_o in_o those_o dry_a year_n we_o have_v our_o rich_a harvest_n so_o that_o nature_n itself_o and_o common_a experience_n have_v chalk_v out_o unto_o we_o a_o remedy_n for_o our_o dry_a barren_a and_o hungry_a land_n and_o pasture_n whether_o common_a or_o appropriate_a against_o heat_n and_o drought_n the_o two_o principal_a inconvenience_n attend_v those_o land_n if_o we_o have_v but_o the_o heart_n of_o man_n to_o make_v use_n of_o it_o it_o be_v say_v that_o in_o cornwall_n they_o begin_v to_o practice_v this_o husbandry_n and_o plant_v mound_n and_o fence_n with_o timber-tree_n which_o grow_v tall_a do_v much_o preserve_v the_o land_n from_o malignant_a air_n and_o yield_v a_o great_a profit_n beside_o see_v more_o of_o this_o remedy_n before_o in_o the_o chapter_n of_o enclosure_n heatt_z or_o drought_n also_o produce_v more_o particular_a inconvenience_n tree_n in_o plant_v tree_n or_o injury_n as_o to_o tree_n sow_o or_o plant_v abroad_o in_o the_o open_a field_n or_o in_o enclosure_n garden_n etc._n etc._n which_o be_v a_o very_a great_a check_n or_o impediment_n to_o the_o husbandman_n in_o propagate_a they_o the_o prevention_n or_o remedy_n whereof_o be_v several_a 1._o in_o the_o dry_a and_o most_o barren_a land_n in_o england_n if_o you_o sow_v the_o same_o with_o the_o fruit_n or_o seed_n of_o oak_n ash_n beech_n or_o any_o other_o wood_n whatsoever_o you_o may_v also_o sow_v the_o same_o land_n at_o the_o same_o time_n with_o broom_n furze_n or_o suchlike_a which_o will_v wonderful_o thrive_v on_o the_o worst_a of_o land_n and_o become_v a_o shelter_n to_o the_o other_o tree_n which_o when_o once_o they_o have_v take_v sufficient_a root_n will_v soon_o outstrip_v the_o furze_n or_o broom_n or_o you_o may_v raise_v bank_n and_o sow_v they_o with_o furze_n which_o will_v soon_o make_v a_o fence_n under_o the_o shelter_n whereof_o you_o may_v nurse_v up_o other_o tree_n for_o it_o be_v most_o evident_a that_o the_o great_a tree_n that_o grow_v on_o the_o barren_a land_n have_v their_o original_a in_o the_o same_o place_n where_o they_o grow_v and_o be_v most_o probable_a that_o they_o be_v thus_o defend_v by_o some_o small_a bush_n or_o brake_n from_o cattle_n heat_n cold_a etc._n etc._n till_o they_o arrive_v to_o such_o height_n that_o they_o can_v defend_v themselves_o 2._o for_o such_o tree_n that_o be_v usual_o plant_v in_o hedg-row_n or_o other_o place_n of_o enclosure_n etc._n etc._n which_o the_o heat_n and_o drought_n do_v either_o impede_fw-la their_o growth_n or_o total_o kill_v they_o to_o the_o great_a discouragement_n of_o the_o planter_n add_v to_o the_o root_n of_o they_o on_o the_o surface_n of_o the_o earth_n a_o heap_n of_o stone_n which_o be_v the_o best_a additament_n and_o will_v keep_v the_o root_n and_o ground_n about_o it_o cool_v and_o moist_a in_o the_o summer_n and_o warm_a in_o the_o winter_n and_o fortify_v the_o tree_n against_o wind_n etc._n etc._n but_o where_o stone_n be_v not_o easy_o attain_v heap_n of_o fern_n or_o any_o other_o vegetable_a straw_n or_o stubble_n etc._n etc._n will_v preserve_v the_o ground_n moist_a and_o enrich_v it_o withal_o but_o where_o neither_o stone_n nor_o vegetable_n can_v be_v have_v convenient_o after_o the_o tree_n be_v plant_v and_o good_a mould_n or_o earth_n add_v to_o the_o root_n raise_v a_o hillock_n about_o it_o of_o any_o manner_n of_o turf_n earth_n etc._n etc._n for_o it_o be_v not_o the_o height_n of_o the_o earth_n above_o the_o ground_n about_o the_o tree_n that_o injure_v it_o so_o much_o as_o the_o depth_n of_o the_o tree_n below_o the_o surface_n or_o best_a earth_n 3._o in_o garden_n and_o such_o near_a place_n where_o you_o may_v be_v at_o hand_n and_o where_o you_o have_v choice_a plant_n that_o suffer_v by_o heat_n shadow_n be_v a_o principal_a remedy_n as_o before_o we_o note_v or_o water_n in_o such_o place_n where_o it_o may_v be_v command_v in_o several_a place_n water_n be_v the_o principal_a thing_n deficient_a to_o make_v water_n remedy_n for_o want_n of_o water_n they_o pleasant_a and_o profitable_a and_o the_o mean_n whereby_o to_o procure_v it_o very_o tedious_a costly_a and_o difficult_a it_o be_v several_a way_n attainable_a 1._o by_o sink_v of_o well_n which_o where_o they_o be_v very_o deep_a some_o use_n a_o large_a wheel_n for_o man_n or_o beast_n to_o walk_v in_o to_o raise_v it_o other_o use_v a_o double_a wheel_n with_o clog_n which_o make_v it_o draw_v easy_a than_o the_o ordinary_a single_a wheel_n but_o this_o be_v not_o so_o good_a a_o way_n as_o the_o double_a wheel_n with_o line_n the_o line_n of_o the_o wheel_n at_o your_o hand_n be_v small_a and_o very_o long_o this_o raise_v a_o large_a bucket_n of_o water_n with_o very_a much_o ease_n and_o
easy_o perceive_v where_o the_o same_o seed_n have_v be_v sow_o on_o two_o sort_n of_o land_n of_o different_a goodness_n the_o one_o crop_n have_v be_v smutty_n the_o other_o free_a so_o that_o smuttiness_n seem_v to_o be_v a_o kind_n of_o sickness_n incident_a to_o corn_n which_o may_v by_o the_o aforesaid_a mean_n be_v cure_v which_o if_o the_o smut_v themselves_o will_v real_o grow_v and_o produce_v smut_n again_o all_o remedy_n propose_v and_o attempt_n to_o that_o purpose_n be_v needless_a sect_n iii_o from_o several_a beast_n against_o the_o trespass_n of_o domestic_a cattle_n break_v out_o of_o your_o neighbour_n ground_n into_o you_o it_o be_v needless_a to_o say_v any_o thing_n every_o one_o know_v that_o a_o good_a and_o secure_a fence_n be_v the_o best_a prevention_n and_o a_o pound_n the_o best_a remedy_n or_o cure_v if_o the_o other_o will_v not_o serve_v but_o other_o beast_n there_o be_v that_o no_o ordinary_a fence_n will_v keep_v out_o and_o will_v hardly_o be_v bring_v to_o the_o pound_n as_o fox_n which_o usual_o torment_v the_o laborious_a husbandman_n fox_n fox_n by_o take_v away_o and_o destroy_v his_o lamb_n poultry_n goose_n etc._n etc._n that_o in_o some_o place_n near_o great_a forest_n and_o wood_n they_o can_v hardly_o keep_v any_o thing_n but_o under_o lock_n and_o key_n against_o which_o gin_n be_v usual_o make_v use_n of_o which_o be_v bait_v and_o a_o train_n make_v by_o drag_v raw_a flesh_n across_o his_o usual_a path_n or_o haunt_n unto_o the_o gin_n it_o prove_v a_o inducement_n and_o a_o snare_n to_o excite_v he_o to_o the_o place_n of_o his_o destruction_n a_o fox_n will_v prey_v on_o any_o thing_n he_o can_v overcome_v and_o feed_v on_o all_o sort_n of_o carrion_n but_o the_o food_n he_o most_o delight_n in_o be_v poultry_n he_o prove_v injurious_a and_o destructive_a to_o coney-warrens_a and_o destroy_v hare_n also_o who_o he_o take_v by_o his_o subtlety_n and_o deceit_n they_o may_v be_v take_v with_o greyhound_n hound_n terrier_n and_o net_n as_o well_o as_o gins._n it_o be_v also_o a_o very_a commendable_a and_o noble_a exercise_n in_o our_o nobility_n and_o gentry_n to_o hunt_v these_o destructive_a beast_n and_o do_v they_o prosecute_v it_o at_o their_o breed_a time_n and_o at_o other_o time_n also_o with_o a_o intent_n to_o destroy_v the_o whole_a breed_n or_o kind_a there_o will_v soon_o be_v a_o end_n of_o they_o the_o otter_n be_v a_o pernicious_a destroyer_n of_o fish_n either_o in_o pond_n or_o otter_n otter_n brook_n and_o her_o abode_n be_v common_o under_o the_o root_n or_o stem_v of_o some_o tree_n near_o the_o water_n whence_o she_o expect_v hâ—â—_n food_n by_o her_o dive_v and_o hunt_v under_o water_n few_o fish_n be_v able_a to_o escape_v she_o they_o be_v take_v either_o by_o ensnare_a they_o under_o the_o water_n by_o the_o river_n side_n as_o you_o may_v do_v a_o hare_n on_o the_o land_n with_o hare-pipe_n or_o by_o hunt_v they_o with_o dog_n where_o you_o also_o make_v use_n of_o the_o spear_n in_o several_a place_n the_o husbandman_n suffer_v much_o by_o coney_n and_o etc._n coney_n hare_n etc._n etc._n hare_n that_o feed_v down_o his_o corn_n etc._n etc._n when_o it_o be_v young_a especial_o in_o hard_a winter_n and_o in_o many_o place_n they_o have_v not_o liberty_n to_o secure_v their_o own_o from_o they_o the_o hare_n be_v no_o great_a destroyer_n of_o corn_n yet_o where_o there_o be_v many_o of_o they_o the_o countryman_n may_v lessen_v their_o number_n as_o he_o see_v cause_n either_o by_o hunt_v or_o course_v they_o at_o seasonable_a time_n or_o by_o set_v of_o hare-pipe_n where_o he_o find_v their_o haunt_n or_o by_o trace_v they_o in_o the_o snow_n coney_n be_v destroy_v or_o take_v either_o by_o ferret_n and_o pursenet_n in_o their_o bury_v or_o by_o hayes_n or_o by_o cur_n spaniel_n or_o tumbler_n breed_v up_o for_o that_o sport_n or_o by_o gin_n pitfall_n or_o snare_n which_o some_o ingenious_a countryman_n will_v prepare_v the_o goodness_n of_o the_o game_n rather_o than_o the_o prevention_n of_o the_o damage_n prompt_v they_o thereto_o it_o be_v not_o a_o little_a injury_n these_o animal_n do_v to_o warrens_n dove-house_n stotes_n poll-cat_n weasel_n and_o stotes_n hen-roost_n etc._n etc._n but_o the_o way_n by_o take_v they_o in_o hutches_n and_o in_o small_a iron-gins_a like_o fox-gins_a be_v so_o well_o know_v that_o i_o need_v say_v nothing_o of_o it_o only_o that_o to_o prevent_v poll-cat_n or_o suchlike_a from_o destroy_v your_o pigeon-house_n be_v sure_a if_o you_o can_v to_o erect_v it_o where_o you_o may_v have_v a_o ditch_n or_o channel_n of_o water_n to_o run_v round_o it_o and_o it_o will_v keep_v those_o vermin_n from_o make_v their_o burrough_n under_o the_o ground_n mole_n be_v a_o most_o pernicious_a enemy_n to_o husbandry_n by_o loosen_a wont_v mole_n or_o wont_v the_o earth_n and_o destroy_v the_o root_n of_o corn_n grass_n herb_n flower_n etc._n etc._n and_o also_o by_o cast_v up_o hill_n to_o the_o great_a hindrance_n of_o corn_n pasture_n etc._n etc._n the_o common_a and_o usual_a way_n of_o destroy_v they_o be_v by_o trap_n that_o fall_v on_o they_o and_o strike_v the_o sharp_a tines_n or_o tooth_n through_o they_o and_o be_v so_o common_a that_o it_o need_v no_o description_n but_o the_o best_a and_o compleat_a sort_n of_o instrument_n to_o destroy_v they_o that_o i_o have_v yet_o see_v be_v make_v thus_o take_v a_o small_a board_n of_o about_o three_o inch_n and_o a_o half_a broad_a and_o five_o inch_n long_o on_o the_o one_o side_n thereof_o raise_v two_o small_a round_a hoop_n or_o arch_n at_o each_o one_o end_n like_o unto_o the_o two_o end-hoops_n of_o a_o carrier_n wagon_n or_o a_o tilt-boat_n capacious_a enough_o that_o a_o mole_n may_v easy_o pass_v through_o they_o in_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o board_n make_v a_o hole_n about_o the_o bigness_n that_o a_o goose-quill_n may_v pass_v through_o so_o be_v that_o part_n finish_v then_o have_v in_o readiness_n a_o short_a stick_n about_o two_o inch_n and_o a_o half_a long_o about_o the_o bigness_n that_o the_o end_n thereof_o may_v just_o enter_v the_o hole_n in_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o board_n also_o you_o must_v cut_v a_o hazel_n or_o other_o stick_n about_o a_o yard_n or_o yard_n and_o half_a long_a that_o be_v stick_v into_o the_o ground_n may_v spring_v up_o like_a unto_o the_o spring_v they_o usual_o set_v for_o fowl_n etc._n etc._n then_o make_v a_o link_n of_o horsehair_n very_o strong_a that_o will_v easy_o slip_v and_o fasten_v it_o to_o the_o end_n of_o your_o stick_n that_o spring_v also_o have_v in_o readiness_n four_o small_a hook_a stick_n then_o go_v to_o the_o furrow_n or_o passage_n of_o the_o mole_n and_o after_o you_o have_v open_v it_o fit_a in_o the_o little_a board_n with_o the_o bend_a hoop_n downward_o that_o the_o mole_n when_o she_o pass_v that_o way_n may_v go_v direct_o through_o the_o two_o semicircular_a hoop_n before_o you_o fix_v the_o board_n down_o put_v the_o hair-spring_n through_o the_o hole_n in_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o board_n and_o place_n it_o round_o that_o it_o may_v answer_v to_o the_o two-end_n hoop_n and_o with_o the_o small_a stick_n gentle_o put_v into_o the_o hole_n to_o stop_v the_o knot_n of_o the_o hair-spring_n place_v it_o in_o the_o earth_n in_o the_o passage_n and_o by_o thrust_v in_o the_o four_o hook_a stick_n fasten_v it_o and_o cover_v it_o with_o earth_n and_o then_o when_o the_o mole_n pass_v that_o way_n either_o the_o one_o way_n or_o the_o other_o by_o displace_v or_o remove_v the_o small_a stick_n that_o hang_v perpendicular_o downward_o the_o knot_n pass_v through_o the_o hole_n and_o the_o spring_n take_v the_o mole_n about_o the_o neck_n though_o this_o description_n seem_v tedious_a yet_o the_o thing_n be_v very_o plain_a and_o easy_o perform_v and_o much_o cheap_a sure_a and_o feasible_a than_o the_o ordinary_a way_n other_o destroy_v they_o very_o expeditious_o by_o a_o spaddle_n wait_v in_o the_o morning_n when_o they_o usual_o stir_v and_o immediate_o cast_v they_o up_o especial_o about_o march_n when_o they_o breed_v by_o turn_v up_o the_o hill_n whereunder_o they_o lay_v their_o young_a they_o usual_o make_v their_o nest_n in_o the_o great_a hill_n and_o be_v most_o easy_o discern_v then_o also_o will_v the_o old_a one_o come_v to_o seek_v their_o young_a which_o you_o may_v present_o take_v the_o pot-trap_n be_v by_o some_o much_o commend_v which_o be_v a_o deep_a earthen-vessel_n set_v in_o the_o ground_n to_o the_o brim_n in_o a_o bank_n or_o hedg-row_n which_o wise_o set_v and_o plant_v at_o all_o time_n but_o especial_o in_o the_o natural_a season_n of_o bucking-time_n about_o march_n will_v destroy_v they_o insensible_o also_o where_o mole_n annoy_v your_o garden_n
place_n but_o you_o may_v raise_v speedy_o tree_n about_o your_o house_n as_o before_o we_o direct_v it_o 6._o chap._n 6._o be_v far_o better_a to_o have_v your_o house_n defend_v by_o tree_n than_o hill_n for_o these_o yield_v a_o cool_a refresh_a sweet_a and_o healthy_a air_n and_o shade_n during_o the_o heat_n of_o summer_n and_o very_o much_o break_v the_o cold_a wind_n and_o tempest_n from_o every_o coast_n in_o the_o winter_n the_o other_o according_a as_o they_o be_v situate_v defend_v only_o from_o some_o certain_a wind_n and_o if_o they_o be_v on_o the_o north-side_n of_o your_o house_n as_o they_o defend_v you_o from_o that_o air_n in_o the_o winter_n so_o do_v they_o deprive_v you_o of_o it_o in_o the_o summer_n if_o they_o be_v on_o the_o southside_n it_o otherwise_o prove_v as_o inconvenient_a beside_o they_o yield_v not_o the_o pleasure_n and_o contentment_n nor_o the_o variety_n of_o oblectation_n to_o the_o ingenious_a rustic_a as_o the_o tall_a plump_n of_o tree_n and_o pleasant_a grove_n do_v yet_o be_v hill_n clothe_v with_o coppice_n or_o otherwise_o improve_v pleasant_a object_n so_o that_o they_o stand_v not_o too_o near_o your_o house_n let_v not_o your_o house_n be_v too_o low_o seat_v lest_o you_o lose_v the_o conveniency_n of_o cellar_n but_o if_o you_o can_v but_o build_v on_o low_a ground_n set_v the_o low_a floor_n of_o your_o house_n the_o high_a to_o supply_v the_o want_n in_o your_o cellar_n of_o what_o you_o can_v sink_v in_o the_o ground_n for_o in_o such_o low_a and_o moist_a ground_n it_o conduce_v much_o to_o the_o dryness_n and_o healthiness_n of_o the_o air_n to_o have_v cellar_n under_o the_o house_n so_o that_o the_o floor_n be_v good_a and_o siel_v underneath_o it_o be_v very_o inconvenient_a to_o build_v barn_n stable_n or_o suchlike_a place_n too_o near_o to_o your_o house_n because_o cattle_n poultry_n and_o suchlike_a require_v to_o be_v keep_v near_o they_o which_o will_v then_o annoy_v your_o house_n let_v your_o garden_n join_v to_o one_o if_o not_o more_o side_n of_o your_o house_n for_o what_o can_v be_v more_o pleasant_a for_o the_o most_o part_n of_o the_o year_n than_o to_o look_v out_o at_o the_o window_n of_o your_o parlour_n and_o chamber_n into_o a_o garden_n what_o side_n of_o your_o house_n be_v not_o join_v to_o your_o garden_n let_v there_o be_v court_n or_o yard_n keep_v from_o cattle_n poultry_n etc._n etc._n and_o plant_v with_o tree_n to_o shade_n defend_v and_o refresh_v your_o house_n and_o the_o wall_n also_o plant_v with_o vine_n and_o other_o fruit_n not_o to_o speak_v of_o the_o build_n of_o palace_n or_o seat_n for_o the_o nobility_n house_n secure_a and_o cheap_a way_n of_o building_n a_o house_n or_o gentry_n but_o only_o of_o plain_a and_o ordinary_a farm-house_n i_o have_v thus_o much_o observe_v that_o house_n build_v too_o high_a in_o place_n obvious_a to_o the_o wind_n and_o not_o well_o defend_v by_o hill_n or_o tree_n require_v more_o material_n to_o build_v they_o and_o more_o also_o of_o reparation_n to_o maintain_v they_o and_o be_v not_o so_o commodious_a to_o the_o inhabitant_n as_o the_o lower-built_a house_n which_o may_v be_v make_v at_o a_o much_o easy_a rate_n and_o also_o as_o complete_a and_o beautiful_a as_o the_o other_o in_o building_n of_o a_o house_n long_o you_o lose_v the_o use_n of_o some_o room_n and_o it_o take_v up_o more_o for_o entry_n and_o passage_n and_o require_v more_o door_n and_o if_o it_o be_v foursquare_a there_o must_v needs_o be_v light_n want_v in_o some_o part_n thereof_o more_o than_o if_o it_o be_v build_v like_o a_o h_n or_o some_o other_o suchlike_a figure_n which_o make_v it_o stand_v better_a and_o firm_a against_o the_o wind_n and_o light_n and_o air_n come_v every_o way_n to_o it_o every_o room_n be_v near_o the_o one_o to_o the_o other_o the_o office_n as_o the_o kitchen_n dairy-room_n brew_v and_o baking-room_n be_v near_o unto_o the_o hall_n which_o only_o divide_v between_o those_o and_o the_o parlour_n etc._n etc._n several_a description_n and_o draught_n of_o foundation_n can_v i_o give_v you_o here_o be_v not_o the_o cut_n of_o they_o too_o costly_a for_o so_o rustic_a a_o work_n to_o bear_v the_o wall_n where_o brick_n may_v be_v have_v be_v best_a and_o most_o secure_o raise_v with_o it_o and_o with_o little_a cost_n if_o you_o raise_v firm_a and_o strong_a column_n at_o the_o corner_n of_o your_o house_n of_o strength_n sufficient_a to_o support_v the_o roof_n or_o main_a beam_n you_o may_v build_v they_o square_n and_o between_o they_o may_v you_o raise_v the_o wall_n with_o the_o same_o material_n and_o work_v they_o up_o together_o with_o the_o corner_n or_o column_n leave_v the_o one_o half_a of_o the_o extraordinary_a breadth_n of_o the_o column_n without_o and_o the_o other_o within_o the_o wall_n whereby_o you_o will_v save_v much_o cost_n and_o charge_n both_o in_o material_n and_o workmanship_n and_o yet_o your_o house_n be_v firm_a and_o strong_a the_o heavy_a any_o cover_v be_v to_o a_o house_n the_o great_a be_v the_o house_n best_o cover_v for_o a_o house_n expense_n in_o raise_v the_o whole_a frame_n or_o building_n to_o support_v it_o and_o the_o soon_o do_v it_o require_v reparation_n therefore_o heal_v with_o lead_n or_o flat_a stone_n be_v not_o to_o be_v approve_v of_o by_o reason_n of_o its_o weight_n where_o earthen_a tile_n slate_n or_o shingle_a may_v be_v have_v next_o unto_o lead_n or_o stone_n tile_n make_v of_o clay_n be_v the_o heavy_a and_o most_o in_o use_n pantiles_n such_o as_o come_v from_o holland_n be_v the_o best_a and_o light_a cover_v of_o any_o sort_n of_o tile_n and_o it_o be_v to_o be_v admire_v at_o that_o another_o nation_n can_v transport_v so_o earthy_a a_o commodity_n and_o pay_v all_o duty_n etc._n etc._n and_o sell_v they_o at_o our_o own_o door_n at_o a_o cheap_a rate_n than_o we_o can_v make_v they_o and_o yet_o have_v we_o as_o good_a material_n and_o fuel_n more_o plentiful_a than_o they_o a_o composition_n of_o clay_n sand_n etc._n etc._n be_v easy_o make_v for_o tile_n etc._n of_o tile_n brick_n etc._n etc._n that_o shall_v make_v they_o not_o only_o thin_a and_o light_a but_o also_o strong_a and_o more_o durable_a if_o ingenious_a man_n will_v undertake_v it_o which_o be_v rare_a to_o be_v find_v in_o so_o dirty_a yet_o necessary_a a_o occupation_n which_o will_v save_v very_o much_o charge_n and_o material_n in_o building_n if_o it_o be_v true_o prosecute_v the_o same_o may_v be_v say_v of_o brick_n etc._n etc._n and_o with_o such_o a_o composition_n may_v be_v make_v in_o mould_v all_o window-frames_a for_o a_o house_n of_o different_a work_n and_o magnitude_n and_o chimney-piece_n and_o frame_v for_o door_n etc._n etc._n in_o several_a piece_n make_v in_o mould_v that_o when_o they_o be_v burn_v may_v be_v set_v together_o with_o a_o fine_a red_a cement_n and_o seem_v to_o be_v as_o one_o entire_a piece_n whereby_o may_v be_v imitate_v all_o stonework_n now_o use_v in_o building_n and_o it_o will_v very_o well_o supply_v its_o defect_n where_o stone_n be_v scarce_o and_o dear_a and_o also_o may_v save_v very_o much_o timber_n which_o be_v now_o use_v in_o brick-building_n and_o appear_v much_o more_o complete_a and_o beautiful_a and_o be_v of_o more_o strength_n and_o of_o long_a continuance_n than_o timber_n or_o ordinary_a brick_n and_o be_v very_o feasible_a as_o we_o may_v perceive_v by_o the_o earthen-pipe_n make_v fine_a thin_a and_o durable_a to_o carry_v water_n under_o the_o ground_n at_o portsmouth_n and_o by_o the_o earthen-back_n and_o grate_v for_o chimney_n make_v by_o sir_n john_n winter_n former_o at_o charing-oross_a of_o a_o great_a bigness_n and_o thickness_n which_o be_v evident_a and_o sufficient_a demonstration_n of_o the_o possibility_n of_o make_v work_n fine_a thin_a and_o light_a for_o tile_n either_o plain_a or_o crooked_a and_o for_o the_o make_n of_o great_a work_n in_o mould_v and_o the_o through_o burn_v of_o they_o for_o door_n window_n and_o chimney-frames_a etc._n etc._n this_o be_v one_o of_o the_o most_o feasible_a and_o beneficial_a operation_n that_o i_o know_v in_o england_n to_o be_v neglect_v where_o either_o tile_n be_v scarce_o or_o timber_n not_o very_a plenty_n that_o you_o will_v have_v your_o house_n but_o light_o cover_v shingles_n shingles_n of_o shingles_n be_v to_o be_v prefer_v before_o thatch_n and_o if_o they_o be_v make_v of_o good_a oak_n and_o slit_v or_o cleave_v out_o and_o then_o well_o season_v in_o the_o water_n and_o sun_n they_o become_v a_o sure_a light_n and_o durable_a cover_n where_o it_o may_v be_v have_v the_o thin_a blue_a slate_n seem_v to_o be_v the_o best_a slate_n slate_n cover_v be_v very_a light_n and_o last_a this_o be_v a_o common_a cover_n
to_o angle_n for_o they_o sect_n iii_o of_o angle_a for_o salmon_n and_o trout_n the_o salmon_n and_o trout_n be_v fish_n much_o of_o a_o complexion_n and_o nature_n different_a in_o their_o season_n from_o other_o fish_n the_o way_n of_o angle_a for_o they_o be_v much_o after_o the_o same_o manner_n the_o salmon_n bit_v best_a in_o the_o summer-moneth_n about_o three_o salmon_n salmon_n of_o the_o clock_n in_o the_o afternoon_n he_o keep_v not_o to_o one_o haunt_v but_o swim_v general_o in_o the_o deep_a and_o broad_a part_n of_o the_o river_n near_o the_o ground_n and_o be_v catch_v with_o worm_n fly_v or_o minnow_n the_o garden-worm_n be_v a_o excellent_a bait_n for_o a_o salmon_n if_o keep_v in_o moss_n about_o twenty_o day_n which_o will_v scour_v they_o and_o make_v they_o tough_a and_o clear_a you_o may_v also_o troul_v for_o a_o salmon_n as_o you_o do_v for_o a_o pike_n with_o a_o trouling-rod_n and_o line_n your_o artificial_a fly_n for_o a_o salmon_n must_v be_v large_a than_o for_o a_o trout_n and_o the_o wing_n and_o tail_n long_o in_o angle_a for_o a_o salmon_n at_o ground_n put_v two_o or_o three_o worm_n at_o a_o time_n on_o the_o hook_n and_o give_v he_o time_n to_o gorge_v the_o bait_n the_o trout_n be_v also_o take_v with_o worm_n minnow_n or_o fly_n to_o trout_n trout_n fish_n for_o they_o in_o the_o night_n which_o be_v the_o best_a time_n for_o the_o great_a trout_n take_v two_o great_a worm_n of_o equal_a length_n and_o put_v they_o on_o your_o hook_n cast_v they_o at_o a_o good_a distance_n from_o you_o and_o draw_v they_o to_o you_o again_o on_o the_o top_n of_o the_o water_n not_o let_v they_o sink_v and_o give_v the_o trout_n time_n to_o gorge_v his_o bait_n instead_o of_o these_o worm_n you_o may_v use_v a_o black_a snail_n or_o a_o piece_n of_o black_a velvet_n which_o be_v as_o well_o they_o bite_v in_o the_o night_n best_o in_o the_o still_a deep_n but_o then_o unusual_o in_o the_o stream_n if_o you_o bait_v with_o a_o minnow_n you_o must_v place_v it_o so_o on_o the_o hook_n that_o the_o minnow_n must_v run_v round_o as_o you_o draw_v it_o towards_o you_o and_o to_o that_o end_n you_o must_v have_v a_o swivel_n on_o your_o line_n lest_o the_o run_v round_o of_o the_o minnow_n over-twist_n your_o line_n the_o same_o may_v you_o do_v for_o a_o salmon_n or_o pike_n if_o you_o bait_v with_o fly_n or_o palmer_n natural_a or_o artificial_a be_v sure_a to_o observe_v the_o season_n what_o palmer_n or_o fly_v they_o most_o delight_n in_o at_o that_o time_n that_o take_v or_o imitate_v it_o as_o near_o as_o you_o can_v sect_n iv_o of_o angle_a for_o the_o pike_n and_o perch_n these_o be_v two_o sort_n of_o white_a fish_n that_o spawn_n in_o the_o spring_n early_o and_o be_v greedy_a fish_n of_o prey_n especial_o the_o pike_n which_o will_v prey_v on_o its_o own_o kind_a you_o may_v take_v the_o pike_n by_o hang_v your_o line_n to_o a_o tree_n on_o the_o pike_n pike_n side_n of_o the_o river_n with_o a_o live_a bait_n on_o the_o hook_n as_o a_o minnow_n dace_n roach_n or_o yellow_a frog_n but_o let_v not_o the_o line_n hang_v at_o the_o full_a length_n but_o contract_v into_o a_o cleave_a stick_n that_o when_o the_o pike_n bite_v he_o may_v easy_o draw_v it_o out_o and_o have_v time_n and_o scope_n enough_o to_o pouch_n his_o bait_n or_o you_o may_v trowel_v for_o he_o which_o must_v be_v with_o a_o very_a long_a line_n wound_v up_o at_o the_o handle_n of_o your_o rod_n on_o a_o small_a winch_n or_o windlass_n and_o at_o the_o top_n of_o the_o rod_n which_o be_v stub_a the_o line_n must_v go_v through_o a_o ring_n that_o when_o the_o fish_n have_v take_v the_o bait_n he_o may_v by_o your_o let_v he_o have_v line_n enough_o gorge_n his_o bait_n and_o hang_v himself_o your_o line_n must_v be_v strong_a and_o arm_v with_o small_a wire_n next_o the_o hook_n about_o seven_o or_o eight_o inch_n you_o may_v fish_v at_o snap_n with_o he_o as_o with_o other_o fish_n if_o you_o please_v but_o your_o tackle_n must_v be_v very_o strong_a a_o pike_n bite_v at_o all_o bait_n except_o the_o fly_n and_o bite_v best_a at_o three_o in_o the_o afternoon_n in_o clear_a water_n with_o a_o gentle_a gale_n from_o midsummer_n to_o the_o end_n of_o autumn_n in_o winter_n he_o bite_v all_o day_n long_o in_o the_o spring_n he_o bite_v in_o the_o morning_n and_o evening_n the_o best_a time_n to_o take_v the_o perch_n be_v when_o the_o spring_n be_v far_o perch_n perch_n spend_v for_o than_o you_o may_v take_v all_o near_o you_o at_o one_o stand_v his_o bait_n be_v the_o minnow_n little_a frog_n or_o a_o small_a worm_n he_o bite_v well_o all_o the_o day_n in_o cloudy_a weather_n but_o chief_o from_o eight_o to_o ten_o and_o from_o three_o to_o six_o he_o also_o bite_v at_o almost_o any_o bait_n sect_n v._o of_o angle_a for_o stand_v water_n or_o pond-fish_n the_o fish_n that_o be_v most_o usual_a in_o stand_v water_n or_o fishpond_n be_v the_o carp_n and_o the_o tench_n some_o there_o be_v that_o be_v common_a to_o both_o as_o the_o bream_n dace_n roach_n eel_n and_o perch_n angle_a for_o pond-fish_n be_v the_o most_o easy_a of_o any_o way_n and_o where_o there_o be_v a_o good_a stock_n much_o sport_n there_o be_v the_o carp_n be_v the_o best_a of_o all_o freshwater_n fish_n and_o will_v live_v the_o carp_n carp_n long_a except_o the_o eel_n out_o of_o the_o water_n this_o fish_n be_v very_o subtle_a and_o bit_v but_o seldom_o and_o that_o in_o warm_a weather_n cloudy_a early_o in_o the_o morning_n or_o late_o in_o the_o evening_n the_o bait_n for_o a_o carp_n be_v either_o worm_n or_o past_z a_o paste_n make_v up_o of_o bean-flower_n honey_n and_o a_o little_a assafoetida_n have_v prove_v very_o well_o other_o have_v prescribe_v bean-flower_n mingle_v with_o the_o flesh_n of_o a_o cat_n cut_v small_a and_o beat_v very_o well_o in_o a_o mortar_n with_o honey_n so_o long_o till_o the_o whole_a be_v so_o tough_a to_o hang_v on_o a_o hook_n without_o wash_v off_o a_o little_a wool_n add_v in_o the_o make_n of_o it_o up_o will_v make_v it_o hold_v the_o better_a gentle_n anointed_n with_o honey_n and_o put_v on_o the_o hook_n with_o a_o piece_n of_o scarlet_n dip_v in_o the_o same_o be_v esteem_v the_o best_a of_o all_o bait_n for_o the_o carp_n the_o tench_n for_o his_o sliminess_n account_v the_o physician_n of_o tench_n tench_n fish_n delight_v only_o in_o stand_v water_n and_o especial_o among_o weed_n flag_n etc._n etc._n in_o the_o hot_a weather_n early_o and_o late_o and_o all_o the_o night_n this_o fish_n delight_v most_o to_o bite_v he_o delight_v in_o the_o same_o bait_n as_o do_v the_o carp_n the_o strong_a the_o past_z be_v of_o assafoetida_n or_o other_o gum_n or_o oil_n the_o soon_o he_o will_v bite_v the_o dace_n be_v common_o a_o river-fish_n yet_o do_v very_o well_o in_o dace_n dace_n fishpond_n if_o any_o think_v it_o worth_a their_o cost_n and_o pain_n to_o keep_v they_o there_o but_o in_o either_o place_n the_o best_a bait_n for_o they_o be_v fly_n whereof_o they_o affect_v the_o ant-f_o above_o the_o rest_n for_o ground-bait_n the_o grub_n that_o be_v find_v in_o plough_v ground_n gentle_n and_o the_o young_a brood_n of_o wasp_n or_o suchlike_a be_v very_o good_a small_a worm_n past_z and_o suchlike_a they_o will_v not_o refuse_v the_o roach_n be_v much_o of_o the_o same_o nature_n as_o be_v the_o dace_n but_o roach_n roach_n more_o usual_a in_o stand_v water_n than_o the_o other_o worm_n and_o other_o ground-bait_n be_v most_o proper_a for_o they_o though_o the_o bream_n be_v find_v in_o some_o river_n yet_o be_v most_o usual_a bream_n bream_n and_o best_a in_o pond_n or_o stand_a water_n the_o best_a time_n for_o angle_a for_o they_o be_v from_o the_o end_n of_o july_n until_o autumn_n for_o in_o june_n and_o beginning_n of_o july_n they_o spawn_n and_o be_v not_o in_o their_o season_n the_o best_a bait_n for_o they_o be_v the_o red_a worm_n that_o usual_o lie_v at_o the_o root_n of_o the_o dock_n they_o also_o bite_v at_o past_z wasp_n fly_n grasshopper_n etc._n etc._n as_o for_o the_o perch_n you_o have_v direction_n before_o concern_v the_o take_n of_o he_o in_o river_n the_o same_o will_v serve_v in_o pond_n the_o eel_n be_v a_o fish_n that_o delight_v in_o obscure_a place_n while_o any_o eel_n eel_n light_n either_o of_o the_o sun_n or_o moon_n appear_v be_v a_o sweet_a fish_n and_o a_o prey_n to_o fowl_n as_o well_o as_o fish_n but_o in_o the_o night_n time_n and_o the_o dark_a the_o night_n the_o better_a this_o fish_n wander_v abroad_o out_o of_o her_o lurk_a place_n and_o prey_v on_o any_o