pretend_a demonstration_n of_o reason_n against_o plain_a experience_n and_o matter_n of_o fact_n this_o be_v just_a zenoe_n demonstration_n of_o the_o impossibility_n of_o motion_n against_o diogenes_n walk_v before_o his_o eye_n for_o this_o be_v to_o undertake_v to_o prove_v that_o impossible_a to_o have_v be_v which_o most_o certain_o be_v just_o thus_o the_o servant_n in_o the_o parable_n may_v have_v demonstrate_v that_o the_o tare_n be_v wheat_n because_o they_o be_v sure_a none_o but_o good_a seed_n be_v sow_o at_o first_o and_o no_o man_n can_v give_v any_o account_n of_o the_o punctual_a time_n when_o any_o tare_n be_v sow_o or_o by_o who_o and_o if_o a_o enemy_n have_v come_v to_o do_v it_o he_o must_v needs_o have_v meet_v with_o great_a resistance_n and_o opposition_n but_o no_o such_o resistance_n be_v make_v and_o therefore_o there_o can_v be_v no_o tare_n in_o the_o field_n but_o that_o which_o they_o call_v tare_n be_v certain_o good_a wheat_n at_o the_o same_o rate_n 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according_a to_o his_o way_n of_o demonstration_n the_o matter_n of_o fact_n so_o common_o report_v and_o believe_v concern_v the_o turk_n invasion_n of_o christendom_n and_o besiege_v vienna_n last_o year_n be_v a_o perfect_a mistake_n but_o a_o man_n may_v demonstrate_v till_o his_o head_n and_o heart_n ache_v before_o he_o shall_v ever_o be_v able_a to_o prove_v that_o which_o certain_o be_v or_o be_v never_o to_o have_v be_v for_o of_o all_o sort_n of_o impossibles_fw-fr nothing_o be_v more_o evident_o so_o than_o to_o make_v that_o which_o have_v be_v not_o to_o have_v be_v all_o the_o reason_n in_o the_o world_n be_v too_o weak_a to_o cope_v with_o so_o tough_a and_o obstinate_a a_o difficulty_n and_o i_o have_v often_o wonder_v how_o a_o man_n of_o mounseur_fw-fr arnauld_n great_a wit_n and_o sharp_a judgement_n can_v prevail_v with_o himself_o to_o engage_v in_o so_o bad_a and_o baffle_v a_o cause_n or_o can_v think_v to_o defend_v it_o with_o so_o wooden_a a_o dagger_n as_o 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they_o otherwise_o but_o if_o this_o doctrine_n be_v obtrude_v upon_o the_o world_n mere_o by_o virtue_n of_o the_o authority_n of_o the_o roman_a church_n and_o the_o declaration_n of_o the_o council_n under_o pope_n gregory_n the_o vii_o the_o or_o of_o the_o lateran_n council_n under_o innocent_a the_o iii_o then_o it_o be_v a_o plain_a innovation_n in_o the_o christian_a doctrine_n and_o a_o new_a article_n of_o faith_n impose_v upon_o the_o christian_a world_n and_o if_o any_o church_n have_v this_o power_n the_o christian_a faith_n may_v be_v enlarge_v and_o change_v as_o often_o as_o man_n please_v and_o that_o which_o be_v no_o part_n of_o our_o saviour_n doctrine_n nay_o any_o thing_n though_o never_o so_o absurd_a and_o unreasonable_a may_v become_v a_o article_n of_o faith_n oblige_v all_o christian_n to_o the_o belief_n of_o it_o whenever_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n shall_v think_v fit_a to_o stamp_v her_o authority_n upon_o it_o which_o will_v make_v christianity_n a_o most_o uncertain_a and_o endless_a thing_n the_o four_o pretend_v ground_n of_o this_o doctrine_n be_v the_o necessity_n of_o such_o a_o change_n as_o this_o in_o the_o sacrament_n to_o the_o comfort_n and_o benefit_n of_o those_o who_o receive_v it_o but_o there_o be_v no_o colour_n for_o this_o if_o the_o thing_n be_v right_o consider_v because_o the_o comfort_n and_o benefit_n of_o the_o sacrament_n depend_v upon_o the_o blessing_n annex_v to_o the_o institution_n and_o as_o water_n in_o baptism_n without_o any_o substantial_a change_n make_v in_o that_o element_n may_v by_o the_o divine_a blessing_n accompany_v the_o institution_n be_v effectual_a to_o the_o wash_n away_o of_o sin_n and_o spiritual_a regeneration_n so_o there_o can_v no_o reason_n in_o the_o world_n be_v give_v why_o the_o element_n of_o bread_n and_o wine_n in_o the_o lord_n supper_n may_v not_o by_o the_o same_o divide_v blessing_n accompany_v this_o institution_n make_v the_o worthy_a receiver_n partaker_n of_o all_o the_o spiritual_a comfort_n and_o benefit_n design_v to_o we_o thereby_o without_o any_o substantial_a change_n make_v in_o those_o element_n since_o our_o lord_n have_v tell_v we_o that_o very_o the_o flesh_n profit_v nothing_o so_o that_o if_o we_o can_v do_v so_o odd_a and_o strange_a a_o thing_n as_o to_o eat_v the_o very_a natural_a flesh_n and_o drink_v the_o blood_n of_o our_o lord_n i_o do_v not_o see_v of_o what_o great_a advantage_n it_o will_v be_v to_o we_o than_o what_o we_o may_v have_v by_o partake_v of_o the_o symbol_n of_o his_o body_n and_o blood_n as_o he_o have_v appoint_v in_o remembrance_n of_o he_o for_o the_o spiritual_a efficacy_n of_o the_o sacrament_n do_v not_o depend_v upon_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o thing_n receive_v suppose_v we_o receive_v what_o our_o lord_n appoint_v and_o receive_v it_o with_o a_o right_a preparation_n and_o disposition_n of_o mind_n but_o upon_o the_o supernatural_a blessing_n that_o go_v along_o with_o it_o and_o make_v it_o effectual_a to_o those_o spiritual_a end_n for_o which_o it_o be_v appoint_v the_o five_o and_o last_o pretend_v ground_n of_o this_o doctrine_n be_v to_o magnify_v the_o power_n of_o the_o priest_n in_o be_v able_a to_o work_v so_o great_a a_o miracle_n and_o this_o with_o great_a pride_n and_o pomp_n be_v often_o urge_v by_o they_o as_o a_o transcendent_a instance_n of_o the_o divine_a wisdom_n to_o find_v out_o so_o admirable_a a_o way_n to_o raise_v the_o power_n and_o reverence_n of_o the_o priest_n that_o he_o shall_v be_v able_a every_o day_n and_o as_o often_o as_o he_o please_v by_o repeat_v a_o few_o word_n to_o work_v so_o miraculous_a a_o change_n and_o as_o they_o love_v most_o absurd_o and_o blasphemous_o to_o speak_v to_o make_v god_n himself_o but_o this_o be_v to_o pretend_v to_o a_o power_n above_o that_o of_o god_n himself_o for_o he_o do_v not_o nor_o can_v make_v himself_o nor_o do_v any_o thing_n that_o imply_v a_o contradiction_n as_o transubstantiation_n evident_o do_v in_o their_o pretend_v to_o make_v god_n for_o to_o make_v that_o which_o already_o be_v and_o to_o make_v that_o now_o which_o always_o be_v be_v not_o only_o vain_a and_o trifle_a if_o it_o can_v be_v do_v but_o impossible_a because_o it_o imply_v a_o contradiction_n and_o what_o if_o after_o all_o transubstantiation_n if_o it_o be_v possible_a and_o actual_o wrought_v by_o the_o priest_n will_v yet_o be_v no_o miracle_n for_o there_o be_v two_o thing_n necessary_a to_o a_o miracle_n that_o there_o be_v a_o supernatural_a effect_n wrought_v and_o that_o this_o effect_n be_v evident_a to_o sense_n so_o that_o though_o a_o supernatural_a effect_n be_v wrought_v yet_o if_o it_o be_v not_o evident_a to_o sense_n it_o be_v to_o all_o the_o end_n and_o purpose_n of_o a_o miracle_n as_o if_o it_o be_v not_o and_o can_v be_v no_o testimony_n or_o proof_n of_o any_o
or_o any_o man_n else_o can_v tell_v i_o but_o i_o take_v he_o to_o conduct_v and_o direct_v i_o the_o near_a way_n to_o york_n and_o therefore_o after_o all_o his_o impertinent_a talk_n after_o all_o his_o motive_n of_o credibility_n to_o persuade_v i_o to_o believe_v he_o and_o all_o his_o confident_a say_n which_o he_o grave_o call_v demonstration_n i_o stand_v stiff_o upon_o the_o shore_n and_o leave_v my_o learned_a and_o reverend_a guide_n to_o take_v his_o own_o course_n and_o to_o dispose_v of_o himself_o as_o he_o please_v but_o firm_o resolve_v not_o to_o follow_v he_o and_o be_v any_o man_n to_o be_v blame_v that_o break_v with_o his_o guide_n upon_o these_o term_n and_o this_o be_v true_o the_o case_n when_o a_o man_n commit_v himself_o to_o the_o guidance_n of_o any_o person_n or_o church_n if_o by_o virtue_n of_o this_o authority_n they_o will_v needs_o persuade_v i_o out_o of_o my_o sense_n and_o not_o to_o believe_v what_o i_o see_v but_o what_o they_o say_v that_o virtue_n be_v vice_n and_o vice_n virtue_n it_o they_o declare_v they_o to_o be_v so_o and_o that_o because_o they_o say_v they_o be_v infallible_a i_o be_o to_o receive_v all_o their_o dictate_v for_o oracle_n though_o never_o so_o evident_o false_a and_o absurd_a in_o the_o judgement_n of_o all_o mankind_n in_o this_o case_n there_o be_v no_o way_n to_o be_v rid_v of_o these_o unreasonable_a people_n but_o to_o desire_v of_o they_o since_o one_o kindness_n deserve_v another_o and_o all_o contradiction_n be_v alike_o easy_a to_o be_v believe_v that_o they_o will_v be_v please_v to_o believe_v that_o infidelity_n be_v faith_n and_o that_o when_o i_o absolute_o renounce_v their_o authority_n i_o do_v yield_v a_o most_o perfect_a submission_n and_o obedience_n to_o it_o upon_o the_o whole_a matter_n all_o the_o revelation_n of_o god_n as_o well_o as_o the_o law_n of_o man_n go_v upon_o this_o presumption_n that_o man_n be_v not_o stark_a fool_n but_o that_o they_o will_v consider_v their_o interest_n and_o have_v some_o regard_n to_o the_o great_a concernment_n of_o their_o eternal_a salvation_n and_o this_o be_v as_o much_o to_o secure_a man_n from_o mistake_n in_o matter_n of_o belief_n as_o god_n have_v afford_v to_o keep_v man_n from_o sin_n in_o matter_n of_o practice_n he_o have_v make_v no_o effectual_a and_o infallible_a provision_n that_o man_n shall_v not_o sin_n and_o yet_o it_o will_v puzzle_v any_o man_n to_o give_v a_o good_a reason_n why_o god_n shall_v take_v more_o care_n to_o secure_a man_n against_o error_n in_o belief_n than_o against_o sin_n and_o wickedness_n in_o their_o life_n i_o shall_v now_o only_o draw_v three_o or_o four_o inference_n from_o this_o discourse_n which_o i_o have_v make_v and_o so_o conclude_v 1._o that_o it_o be_v every_o man_n duty_n who_o have_v ability_n and_o capacity_n for_o it_o to_o endeavour_v to_o understand_v the_o ground_n of_o his_o religion_n for_o to_o try_v doctrine_n be_v to_o inquire_v into_o the_o ground_n and_o reason_n of_o they_o which_o the_o better_a any_o man_n understand_v the_o more_o firm_o he_o will_v be_v establish_v in_o the_o truth_n and_o be_v the_o more_o resolute_a in_o the_o day_n of_o trial_n and_o the_o better_a able_a to_o withstand_v the_o art_n and_o assault_n of_o cunning_a adversary_n and_o the_o fierce_a storm_n of_o persecution_n and_o on_o the_o contrary_a that_o man_n will_v soon_o be_v move_v from_o his_o steadfastness_n who_o never_o examine_v the_o ground_n and_o reason_n of_o his_o belief_n when_o it_o come_v to_o the_o trial_n he_o that_o have_v but_o little_a to_o say_v for_o his_o religion_n will_v probable_o neither_o do_v nor_o suffer_v much_o for_o it_o 2._o that_o all_o doctrine_n be_v vehement_o to_o be_v suspect_v which_o decline_v trial_n and_o be_v so_o loath_a to_o be_v bring_v into_o the_o light_n which_o will_v hot_a endure_v a_o fair_a examination_n but_o magisterial_o require_v a_o implicit_a faith_n whereas_o truth_n be_v bold_a and_o full_a of_o courage_n and_o love_v to_o appear_v open_o and_o be_v so_o secure_a and_o confident_a of_o her_o own_o strength_n as_o to_o offer_v herself_o to_o the_o severe_a trial_n and_o examination_n but_o to_o deny_v all_o liberty_n of_o enquiry_n and_o judgement_n in_o matter_n of_o religion_n be_v the_o great_a injury_n and_o disparagement_n to_o truth_n that_o can_v be_v and_o a_o tacit_a acknowledgement_n that_o she_o lie_v under_o some_o disadvantage_n and_o that_o there_o be_v less_o to_o be_v say_v for_o she_o than_o for_o error_n i_o have_v often_o wonder_v why_o the_o people_n in_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n do_v not_o suspect_v their_o teacher_n and_o guide_n to_o have_v some_o ill_a design_n upon_o they_o when_o they_o do_v so_o industrious_o debar_v they_o of_o the_o mean_n of_o knowledge_n and_o be_v so_o very_o loath_a to_o let_v they_o understand_v what_o it_o be_v that_o we_o have_v to_o say_v against_o their_o religion_n for_o can_v any_o thing_n in_o the_o world_n be_v more_o suspicious_a than_o to_o persuade_v man_n to_o put_v out_o their_o eye_n upon_o promise_n that_o they_o will_v help_v they_o to_o a_o much_o better_a and_o more_o faithful_a guide_n if_o any_o church_n any_o profession_n of_o man_n be_v unwilling_a their_o doctrine_n shall_v be_v expose_v to_o trial_n it_o be_v a_o certain_a sign_n they_o know_v something_o by_o they_o that_o be_v faulty_a and_o which_o will_v not_o endure_v the_o light_n this_o be_v the_o account_n which_o our_o saviour_n give_v we_o in_o a_o like_a case_n it_o be_v because_o man_n deed_n be_v evil_a that_o they_o love_v darkness_n rather_o than_o light_v for_o every_o one_o that_o do_v evil_a hate_v the_o light_n neither_o come_v he_o to_o the_o light_n lest_o his_o deed_n shall_v be_v reprove_v but_o he_o that_o do_v the_o truth_n come_v to_o the_o light_n that_o his_o deed_n may_v be_v make_v manifest_a that_o they_o be_v wrought_v in_o god_n 3._o since_o reason_n and_o christianity_n allow_v this_o liberty_n to_o private_a person_n to_o judge_n for_o themselves_o in_o matter_n of_o religion_n we_o shall_v use_v this_o privilege_n with_o much_o modesty_n and_o humility_n with_o great_a submission_n and_o deference_n to_o our_o spiritual_a ruler_n and_o guide_n who_o god_n have_v appoint_v in_o his_o church_n and_o there_o be_v very_o great_a need_n of_o this_o caution_n since_o by_o experience_n we_o find_v this_o liberty_n so_o much_o abuse_v by_o many_o to_o the_o nourish_a of_o pride_n and_o self-conceit_n of_o division_n and_o faction_n and_o those_o who_o be_v least_o able_a to_o judge_v to_o be_v frequent_o the_o most_o forward_o and_o confident_a the_o most_o peremptory_a and_o perverse_a and_o instead_o of_o demeaning_n themselves_o with_o the_o submission_n of_o learner_n to_o assume_v to_o themselves_o the_o authority_n of_o judge_n even_o in_o the_o most_o doubtful_a and_o disputable_a matter_n the_o tyranny_n of_o the_o roman_a church_n over_o the_o mind_n and_o conscience_n of_o man_n be_v not_o to_o be_v justify_v upon_o any_o account_n but_o nothing_o put_v so_o plausible_a a_o colour_n upon_o it_o as_o the_o ill_a use_n that_o be_v too_o frequent_o make_v of_o this_o natural_a privilege_n of_o man_n judge_v for_o themselves_o in_o a_o matter_n of_o so_o infinite_a concernment_n as_o that_o of_o their_o eternal_a happiness_n but_o than_o it_o be_v to_o be_v consider_v that_o the_o proper_a remedy_n in_o this_o case_n be_v not_o to_o deprive_v man_n of_o this_o privilege_n but_o to_o use_v the_o best_a mean_n to_o prevent_v the_o abuse_n of_o it_o for_o though_o the_o inconvenience_n arise_v from_o the_o ill_a use_n of_o it_o may_v be_v very_o great_a yet_o the_o mischief_n on_o the_o other_o hand_n be_v intolerable_a religion_n itself_o be_v liable_a to_o be_v abuse_v to_o very_o bad_a purpose_n and_o frequent_o be_v so_o but_o it_o be_v not_o therefore_o best_a that_o there_o shall_v be_v no_o religion_n and_o yet_o this_o objection_n if_o it_o be_v of_o any_o force_n and_o be_v pursue_v home_o be_v every_o whit_n as_o strong_a against_o religion_n itself_o as_o against_o man_n liberty_n of_o judge_v in_o matter_n of_o religion_n nay_o i_o add_v far_o that_o no_o man_n can_v judicious_o embrace_v the_o true_a religion_n unless_o he_o be_v permit_v to_o judge_v whether_o that_o which_o he_o embrace_v be_v the_o true_a religion_n or_o not_o 4._o when_o upon_o due_a trial_n and_z examination_n we_o be_v well_o settle_v and_o establish_v in_o our_o religion_n let_v we_o hold_v fast_o the_o procession_n of_o our_o faith_n without_o waver_v and_o not_o be_v like_o child_n toss_v to_o and_o fro_o and_o carry_v about_o with_o every_o wind_n of_o doctrine_n through_o the_o sleight_n of_o man_n and_o the_o cunning_a craftiness_n of_o those_o who_o lie_v in_o wait_n to_o deceive_v
that_o for_o our_o great_a assurance_n and_o comfort_n god_n have_v confirm_v his_o promise_n to_o we_o by_o a_o oath_n condescend_v herein_o to_o deal_v with_o we_o after_o the_o manner_n of_o man_n who_o when_o they_o will_v give_v credit_n to_o a_o doubtful_a matter_n confirm_v what_o they_o say_v by_o a_o oath_n and_o general_o when_o any_o doubt_n or_o controversy_n arise_v between_o party_n concern_v a_o matter_n of_o fact_n one_o side_n affirm_v and_o the_o other_o deny_v a_o end_n be_v put_v to_o this_o contest_v by_o a_o oath_n a_o oath_n for_o confirmation_n be_v to_o they_o a_o end_n of_o all_o strife_n a_o oath_n for_o confirmation_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d for_o the_o great_a assurance_n and_o establishment_n of_o a_o thing_n not_o that_o a_o oath_n be_v always_o a_o certain_a and_o infallible_a decision_n of_o thing_n according_a to_o truth_n and_o right_n but_o that_o this_o be_v the_o utmost_a credit_n that_o we_o can_v give_v to_o any_o thing_n and_o the_o last_o resort_n of_o truth_n and_o confidence_n among_o man_n after_o this_o we_o can_v go_v no_o far_o for_o if_o the_o religion_n of_o a_o oath_n will_v not_o oblige_v man_n to_o speak_v truth_n nothing_o will_n this_o be_v the_o utmost_a secutity_n that_o man_n can_v give_v and_o must_v therefore_o be_v the_o final_a decision_n of_o all_o contest_v a_o oath_n for_o confirmation_n be_v to_o they_o a_o end_n of_o all_o strife_n now_o from_o this_o assertion_n of_o the_o apostle_n concern_v the_o great_a use_n and_o end_n of_o oath_n among_o man_n i_o shall_v take_v occasion_n 1._o to_o consider_v the_o nature_n of_o a_o oath_n and_o the_o kind_n of_o it_o 2._o to_o show_v the_o great_a use_n and_o even_a necessity_n of_o oath_n in_o many_o case_n 3._o to_o vindicate_v the_o lawfulness_n of_o they_o where_o they_o be_v necessary_a 4._o to_o show_v the_o sacred_a obligation_n of_o a_o oath_n i_o shall_v be_v as_o brief_a in_o these_o as_o the_o just_a handle_n of_o they_o will_v bear_v i._o for_o the_o nature_n of_o a_o oath_n and_o the_o kind_n of_o it_o a_o oath_n be_v a_o invocation_n of_o god_n or_o a_o appeal_n to_o he_o as_o a_o witness_n of_o the_o truth_n of_o what_o we_o say_v so_o that_o a_o oath_n be_v a_o sacred_a thing_n as_o be_v a_o act_n of_o religion_n and_o a_o invocation_n of_o the_o name_n of_o god_n and_o this_o whether_o the_o name_n of_o god_n be_v express_o mention_v in_o it_o or_o not_o if_o a_o man_n only_o say_v i_o swear_v or_o i_o take_v my_o oath_n that_o a_o thing_n be_v or_o be_v not_o so_o or_o so_o or_o that_o i_o will_v or_o will_v not_o do_v such_o a_o thing_n or_o if_o a_o man_n answer_n upon_o his_o oath_n be_v adjure_v and_o require_v so_o to_o do_v or_o if_o a_o man_n swear_v by_o heaven_n or_o by_o earth_n or_o by_o any_o other_o thing_n that_o have_v relation_n to_o god_n in_o all_o these_o case_n a_o man_n do_v virtual_o call_v god_n to_o witness_v and_o in_o so_o do_v he_o do_v by_o consequence_n invoke_v he_o as_o a_o judge_n and_o a_o avenger_n in_o case_n what_o he_o swear_v be_v not_o true_a and_o if_o this_o be_v express_v the_o oath_n be_v a_o formal_a imprecation_n but_o whether_o it_o be_v or_o not_o a_o curse_n upon_o ourselves_o be_v always_o imply_v in_o case_n of_o perjury_n there_o be_v two_o sort_n of_o oath_n assertory_n and_o promissory_a a_o assertory_n oath_n be_v when_o a_o man_n affirm_v or_o deny_v upon_o oath_n a_o matter_n of_o fact_n past_a or_o present_v when_o he_o swear_v that_o a_o thing_n be_v or_o be_v so_o or_o not_o so_o a_o promissory_a oath_n be_v a_o promise_n confirm_v by_o a_o oath_n which_o always_o respect_v something_o that_o be_v future_a and_o if_o the_o promise_n be_v make_v direct_o and_o immediate_o to_o god_n than_o it_o be_v call_v a_o vow_n if_o to_o man_n a_o oath_n i_o proceed_v to_o the_o ii_o thing_n which_o be_v to_o show_v the_o great_a use_n and_o even_a necessity_n of_o oath_n in_o many_o case_n which_o be_v so_o great_a that_o humane_a society_n can_v very_o hardly_o if_o at_o all_o subsist_v long_o without_o they_o government_n will_v many_o time_n be_v very_o insecure_a and_o for_o the_o faithful_a discharge_n of_o office_n of_o great_a trust_n in_o which_o the_o welfare_n of_o the_o public_a be_v near_o concern_v it_o be_v not_o possible_a to_o find_v any_o security_n equal_a to_o that_o of_o a_o oath_n because_o the_o obligation_n of_o that_o reach_v to_o the_o most_o secret_a and_o hide_a practice_n of_o man_n and_o take_v hold_v of_o they_o in_o many_o case_n where_o the_o penalty_n of_o no_o humane_a law_n can_v have_v any_o awe_n or_o force_v upon_o they_o and_o especial_o it_o be_v as_o the_o civil_a law_n express_v it_o maximum_fw-la expediendarum_fw-la litium_fw-la remedium_fw-la the_o best_a mean_n of_o end_a controversy_n and_o where_o man_n estate_n or_o life_n be_v concern_v no_o evidence_n but_o what_o be_v assure_v by_o a_o oath_n will_v be_v think_v sufficient_a to_o decide_v the_o matter_n so_o as_o to_o give_v full_a and_o general_a satisfaction_n to_o mankind_n for_o in_o matter_n of_o so_o great_a concernment_n when_o man_n have_v all_o the_o assurance_n that_o can_v be_v have_v and_o not_o till_o then_o they_o be_v content_v to_o sit_v down_o and_o rest_v satisfy_v with_o it_o and_o among_o all_o nation_n a_o oath_n have_v always_o be_v think_v the_o only_a peremptory_a and_o satisfactory_a way_n of_o decide_v such_o controversy_n iii_o the_o three_o thing_n i_o propose_v be_v to_o vindicate_v the_o lawfulness_n of_o oath_n where_o they_o be_v necessary_a and_o it_o be_v a_o very_a strong_a inducement_n to_o believe_v the_o lawfulness_n of_o they_o that_o the_o unavoidable_a condition_n of_o humane_a affair_n have_v make_v they_o so_o necessary_a the_o apostle_n take_v it_o for_o grant_v that_o a_o oath_n be_v not_o only_o of_o great_a use_n in_o humane_a affair_n but_o in_o many_o case_n of_o great_a necessity_n to_o confirm_v a_o doubtful_a thing_n and_o to_o put_v a_o end_n to_o controversy_n which_o can_v otherwise_o be_v decide_v to_o the_o satisfaction_n of_o the_o party_n contend_v a_o oath_n for_o confirmation_n be_v to_o they_o a_o end_n of_o all_o strife_n and_o indeed_o it_o be_v hardly_o imaginable_a that_o god_n shall_v not_o have_v leave_v that_o lawful_a which_o be_v so_o evident_o necessary_a to_o the_o peace_n and_o security_n of_o mankind_n but_o because_o there_o be_v a_o sect_n spring_v up_o in_o our_o memory_n which_o have_v call_v in_o question_n the_o lawfulness_n of_o all_o oath_n to_o the_o great_a mischief_n and_o disturbance_n of_o humane_a society_n i_o shall_v endeavour_v to_o search_v this_o matter_n to_o the_o bottom_n and_o to_o manifest_v how_o unreasonable_a and_o groundless_a this_o opinion_n be_v and_o to_o this_o end_n i_o shall_v first_o prove_v the_o lawfulness_n of_o oath_n from_o the_o authority_n of_o this_o text_n and_o from_o the_o reason_n plain_o contain_v or_o strong_o imply_v in_o it_o second_o i_o shall_v show_v the_o weakness_n and_o insufficiency_n of_o the_o ground_n of_o the_o contrary_a opinion_n whether_o from_o reason_n or_o from_o scripture_n which_o last_o they_o principal_o rely_v upon_o and_o if_o it_o can_v be_v make_v out_o from_o thence_o will_v determine_v the_o case_n 1._o i_o shall_v prove_v the_o lawfulness_n of_o oath_n from_o the_o authority_n of_o this_o text_n and_o the_o reason_n plain_o contain_v or_o strong_o imply_v in_o it_o because_o the_o apostle_n do_v not_o only_o speak_v of_o the_o use_n of_o oath_n among_o man_n without_o any_o manner_n of_o censure_n and_o reproof_n but_o as_o a_o commendable_a custom_n and_o practice_n and_o in_o many_o case_n necessary_a for_o the_o confirmation_n of_o doubtful_a matter_n and_o in_o order_n to_o the_o final_a decision_n of_o controversy_n and_o difference_n among_o man_n for_o first_o he_o speaks_z of_o it_o as_o the_o general_a practice_n of_o mankind_n to_o confirm_v thing_n by_o a_o oath_n in_o order_n to_o the_o end_n of_o difference_n and_o indeed_o there_o be_v nothing_o that_o have_v more_o universal_o obtain_v in_o all_o age_n and_o nation_n of_o the_o world_n than_o which_o there_o be_v not_o a_o more_o certain_a indication_n that_o a_o thing_n be_v agreeable_a to_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n and_o the_o best_a reason_n of_o mankind_n and_o that_o this_o be_v no_o degenerate_a practice_n of_o mankind_n like_o that_o of_o idolatry_n be_v from_o hence_o evident_a that_o when_o god_n separate_v a_o people_n to_o himself_o it_o be_v practise_v among_o they_o by_o the_o holy_a patriarch_n abraham_n isaac_n and_o jacob_n and_o be_v afterward_o not_o only_o allow_v but_o in_o many_o case_n command_v by_o the_o law_n of_o moses_n which_o have_v it_o
be_v a_o thing_n evil_n in_o itself_o and_o forbid_v by_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n will_v not_o have_v be_v do_v second_o another_o undeniable_a argument_n from_o the_o text_n of_o the_o lawfulness_n of_o oath_n be_v that_o god_n himself_o in_o condescension_n to_o the_o custom_n of_o man_n who_o use_v to_o confirm_v and_o give_v credit_n to_o what_o they_o say_v by_o a_o oath_n be_v represent_v by_o the_o apostle_n as_o confirm_v his_o promise_n to_o we_o by_o a_o oath_n verse_n 13._o when_o god_n make_v the_o promise_n to_o abraham_n because_o he_o can_v swear_v by_o none_o great_a he_o swear_v by_o himself_o for_o man_n very_o swear_v by_o the_o great_a and_o a_o oath_n for_o confirmation_n be_v to_o they_o a_o end_n of_o all_o strife_n wherein_o god_n will_v more_o abundant_o to_o show_v unto_o the_o heir_n of_o promise_n the_o immutability_n of_o his_o counsel_n confirm_v it_o by_o a_o oath_n which_o he_o certain_o will_v not_o have_v do_v have_v a_o oath_n be_v unlawful_a in_o itself_o for_o that_o have_v be_v to_o comply_v with_o man_n in_o a_o evil_a practice_n and_o by_o his_o own_o example_n to_o give_v countenance_n to_o it_o in_o the_o high_a manner_n but_o though_o god_n condescend_v to_o represent_v himself_o to_o we_o after_o the_o manner_n of_o man_n he_o never_o do_v it_o in_o any_o thing_n that_o be_v in_o its_o own_o nature_n evil_a and_o sinful_a three_o from_o the_o great_a usefulness_n of_o oath_n in_o humane_a affair_n to_o give_v credit_n and_o confirmation_n to_o our_o word_n and_o to_o put_v a_o end_n to_o contestation_n now_o that_o which_o serve_v to_o such_o excellent_a purpose_n and_o be_v so_o convenient_a for_o humane_a society_n and_o for_o mutual_a security_n and_o confidence_n among_o man_n ought_v not_o easy_o to_o be_v presume_v unlawful_a till_o it_o be_v plain_o prove_v to_o be_v so_o and_o if_o we_o consider_v the_o nature_n of_o a_o oath_n and_o every_o thing_n belong_v to_o it_o there_o be_v nothing_o that_o have_v the_o least_o appearance_n of_o evil_n in_o it_o there_o be_v sure_o no_o evil_a in_o it_o as_o it_o be_v a_o act_n of_o religion_n nor_o as_o it_o be_v a_o appeal_n to_o god_n as_o a_o witness_n and_o avenger_n in_o case_n we_o swear_v false_o nor_o as_o it_o be_v a_o confirmation_n of_o a_o doubtful_a matter_n nor_o as_o it_o put_v a_o end_n to_o strife_n and_o controversy_n and_o these_o be_v all_o the_o essential_a ingredient_n of_o a_o oath_n and_o the_o end_n of_o it_o and_o they_o be_v all_o so_o good_a that_o they_o rather_o commend_v it_o than_o give_v the_o least_o colour_n of_o ground_n to_o condemn_v it_o i_o proceed_v in_o the_o second_o place_n to_o show_v the_o weakness_n and_o insufficiency_n of_o the_o ground_n of_o the_o contrary_a opinion_n whether_o from_o reason_n or_o from_o scripture_n first_o from_o reason_n they_o say_v the_o necessity_n of_o a_o oath_n be_v occasion_v by_o the_o want_n of_o truth_n and_o fidelity_n among_o man_n and_o that_o every_o man_n ought_v to_o demean_v himself_o with_o that_o faithfulness_n and_o integrity_n as_o may_v give_v credit_n and_o confirmation_n to_o his_o word_n and_o then_o oath_n will_v be_v needless_a this_o pretence_n will_v be_v full_o answer_v if_o we_o consider_v these_o two_o thing_n 1._o that_o in_o matter_n of_o great_a importance_n no_o other_o obligation_n beside_o that_o of_o a_o oath_n have_v be_v think_v sufficient_a among_o the_o best_a and_o wise_a of_o man_n to_o assert_v their_o fidelity_n to_o one_o another_o even_o the_o best_a man_n to_o use_v the_o word_n of_o a_o great_a author_n have_v not_o trust_v the_o best_a man_n without_o it_o as_o we_o see_v in_o very_o remarkable_a instance_n where_o oath_n have_v pass_v between_o those_o who_o may_v be_v think_v to_o have_v the_o great_a confidence_n in_o one_o another_o as_o between_o abraham_n and_o his_o old_a faithful_a servant_n eliezer_n concern_v the_o choice_n of_o a_o wife_n for_o his_o son_n between_o father_n and_o son_n jacob_n and_o joseph_n concern_v the_o burial_n of_o his_o father_n in_o the_o land_n of_o canaan_n between_o two_o of_o the_o dear_a and_o most_o intimate_a friend_n david_n and_o jonathan_n to_o assure_v their_o friendship_n to_o one_o another_o and_o it_o have_v its_o effect_n long_o after_o jonathans_n death_n in_o the_o save_n of_o mephibosheth_n when_o reason_n of_o state_n and_o the_o security_n of_o his_o throne_n seem_v to_o move_v david_n strong_o to_o the_o contrary_a for_o it_o be_v express_o say_v 2_o sam._n 21.7_o that_o david_n spare_v mephibosheth_n jonathan_n son_n because_o of_o the_o oath_n of_o the_o lord_n that_o be_v between_o they_o imply_v that_o have_v it_o not_o be_v for_o his_o oath_n other_o consideration_n may_v probable_o have_v prevail_v with_o he_o to_o have_v permit_v he_o to_o have_v be_v cut_v off_o with_o the_o rest_n of_o saul_n child_n 2._o this_o reason_n which_o be_v allege_v against_o oath_n among_o man_n be_v much_o strong_a against_o god_n confirm_v his_o promise_n to_o we_o by_o a_o oath_n for_o he_o who_o be_v truth_n itself_o be_v sure_o of_o all_o other_o most_o to_o be_v credit_v upon_o his_o bare_a word_n and_o his_o oath_n needless_a to_o give_v confirmation_n to_o it_o and_o yet_o he_o condescend_v to_o add_v his_o oath_n to_o his_o word_n and_o therefore_o that_o reason_n be_v evident_o of_o no_o force_n second_o from_o scripture_n our_o saviour_n seem_v altogether_o to_o forbid_v swear_v in_o any_o case_n matth._n 5.33_o 34._o you_o have_v hear_v that_o it_o have_v be_v say_v to_o they_o of_o old_a time_n thou_o shall_v not_o forswear_v thyself_o but_o i_o say_v unto_o you_o swear_v not_o at_o all_o neither_o by_o heaven_n etc._n etc._n but_o let_v your_o communication_n be_v yea_o yea_o and_o nay_o nay_o for_o whatsoever_o be_v more_o than_o these_o come_v of_o evil_a and_o this_o law_n st._n james_n recite_v chap._n 5._o vers_fw-la 12._o as_o that_o which_o christian_n ought_v to_o have_v a_o very_a particular_a and_o principal_a regard_n to_o above_o all_o thing_n my_o brethren_n swear_v not_o and_o he_o make_v the_o breach_n of_o this_o law_n a_o damn_v sin_n lest_o you_o fall_v into_o condemnation_n but_o the_o authority_n of_o our_o saviour_n alone_o be_v sufficient_a and_o therefore_o i_o shall_v only_o consider_v that_o text._n and_o because_o here_o lie_v the_o main_a strength_n of_o this_o opinion_n of_o the_o unlawfulness_n of_o oath_n it_o be_v very_o fit_a that_o this_o text_n be_v full_o consider_v and_o that_o it_o be_v make_v very_o evident_a that_o it_o be_v not_o our_o saviour_n meaning_n by_o this_o prohibition_n whole_o to_o forbid_v the_o use_n of_o oath_n but_o before_o i_o enter_v upon_o this_o matter_n i_o will_v ready_o grant_v that_o there_o be_v scarce_o any_o error_n whatsoever_o that_o have_v a_o more_o plausible_a colour_n from_o scripture_n than_o this_o which_o make_v the_o case_n of_o those_o who_o be_v seduce_v into_o it_o the_o more_o pityable_a but_o than_o it_o ought_v to_o be_v consider_v how_o much_o this_o doctrine_n of_o the_o unlawfulness_n of_o oath_n reflect_v upon_o the_o christian_a religion_n since_o it_o be_v so_o evident_o prejudicial_a both_o to_o humane_a society_n in_o general_n and_o particular_o to_o those_o person_n that_o entertain_v it_o neither_o of_o which_o ought_v rash_o to_o be_v suppose_v and_o take_v for_o grant_v concern_v any_o law_n deliver_v by_o our_o saviour_n because_o upon_o these_o term_n it_o will_v be_v very_o hard_a for_o we_o to_o vindicate_v the_o divine_a wisdom_n of_o our_o saviour_n doctrine_n and_o the_o reasonableness_n of_o the_o christian_a religion_n of_o the_o inconvenience_n of_o this_o doctrine_n to_o humane_a society_n i_o have_v speak_v already_o but_o beside_o this_o it_o be_v very_o prejudicial_a to_o they_o that_o hold_v it_o it_o render_v they_o suspect_v to_o government_n and_o in_o many_o case_n incapable_a of_o the_o common_a benefit_n of_o justice_n and_o other_o privilege_n of_o humane_a society_n and_o expose_v they_o to_o great_a penalty_n as_o the_o constitution_n of_o all_o law_n and_o government_n at_o present_a be_v and_o it_o be_v not_o easy_a to_o imagine_v how_o they_o shall_v be_v otherwise_o and_o which_o be_v very_o considerable_a in_o this_o matter_n it_o set_v those_o who_o refuse_v oath_n upon_o very_o unequal_a term_n with_o the_o rest_n of_o mankind_n if_o where_o the_o estate_n and_o life_n of_o man_n be_v equal_o concern_v their_o bare_a testimony_n shall_v be_v admit_v without_o a_o oath_n and_o other_o shall_v be_v oblige_v to_o speak_v upon_o oath_n nothing_o be_v more_o certain_a in_o experience_n than_o that_o many_o man_n will_v lie_v for_o their_o interest_n when_o they_o will_v not_o be_v perjure_v god_n have_v plant_v in_o the_o natural_a conscience_n of_o
thing_n because_o itself_o stand_v in_o need_n of_o another_o miracle_n to_o give_v testimony_n to_o it_o and_o to_o prove_v that_o it_o be_v wrought_v and_o neither_o in_o scripture_n nor_o in_o profane_a author_n nor_o in_o common_a use_n of_o speech_n be_v any_o thing_n call_v a_o miracle_n but_o what_o fall_v under_o the_o notice_n of_o our_o sense_n a_o miracle_n be_v nothing_o else_o but_o a_o supernatural_a effect_n evident_a to_o sense_n the_o great_a end_n and_o design_n whereof_o be_v to_o be_v a_o sensible_a proof_n and_o conviction_n to_o we_o of_o something_o that_o we_o do_v not_o see_v and_o for_o want_v of_o this_o condition_n transubstantiation_n if_o it_o be_v true_a will_v be_v no_o miracle_n it_o will_v indeed_o be_v very_o supernatural_a but_o for_o all_o that_o it_o will_v not_o be_v a_o sign_n or_o miracle_n for_o a_o sign_n or_o miracle_n be_v always_o a_o thing_n sensible_a otherwise_o it_o can_v be_v no_o sign_n now_o that_o such_o a_o change_n as_o be_v pretend_v in_o transubstantiation_n shall_v real_o be_v wrought_v and_o yet_o there_o shall_v be_v no_o sign_n and_o appearance_n of_o it_o be_v a_o thing_n very_o wonderful_a but_o not_o to_o sense_n for_o our_o sense_n perceive_v no_o change_n the_o bread_n and_o wine_n in_o the_o sacrament_n to_o all_o our_o sense_n remain_v just_a as_o they_o be_v before_o and_o that_o a_o thing_n shall_v remain_v to_o all_o appearance_n just_a as_o it_o be_v have_v nothing_o at_o all_o of_o wonder_n in_o it_o we_o wonder_v indeed_o when_o we_o see_v a_o strange_a thing_n do_v but_o no_o man_n wonder_n when_o he_o see_v nothing_o do_v so_o that_o transubstantiation_n if_o they_o will_v needs_o have_v it_o a_o miracle_n be_v such_o a_o miracle_n as_o any_o man_n may_v work_v that_o have_v but_o the_o confidence_n to_o face_n man_n down_o that_o he_o work_v it_o and_o the_o fortune_n to_o be_v believe_v and_o though_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n may_v magnify_v their_o priest_n upon_o account_n of_o this_o miracle_n which_o they_o say_v they_o can_v work_v every_o day_n and_o every_o hour_n yet_o i_o can_v understand_v the_o reason_n of_o it_o for_o when_o this_o great_a work_n as_o they_o call_v it_o be_v do_v there_o be_v nothing_o more_o appear_v to_o be_v do_v than_o if_o there_o be_v no_o miracle_n now_o such_o a_o miracle_n as_o to_o all_o appearance_n be_v no_o miracle_n i_o see_v no_o reason_n why_o a_o protestant_a minister_n as_o well_o as_o a_o popish_a priest_n may_v not_o work_v as_o often_o as_o he_o please_v or_o if_o he_o can_v but_o have_v the_o patience_n to_o let_v it_o alone_o it_o will_v work_v itself_o for_o sure_o nothing_o in_o the_o world_n be_v easy_a than_o to_o let_v a_o thing_n be_v as_o it_o be_v and_o by_o speak_v a_o few_o word_n over_o it_o to_o make_v it_o just_a what_o it_o be_v before_o every_o man_n every_o day_n may_v work_v ten_o thousand_o such_o miracle_n and_o thus_o i_o have_v dispatch_v the_o first_o part_n of_o my_o discourse_n which_o be_v to_o consider_v the_o pretend_a ground_n and_o reason_n of_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n for_o this_o doctrine_n and_o to_o show_v the_o weakness_n and_o insufficiency_n of_o they_o i_o come_v in_o the_o second_o place_n to_o produce_v our_o objection_n against_o it_o which_o will_v be_v of_o so_o much_o the_o great_a force_n because_o i_o have_v already_o show_v this_o doctrine_n to_o be_v destitute_a of_o all_o divine_a warrant_n and_o authority_n and_o of_o any_o other_o sort_n of_o ground_n sufficient_a in_o reason_n to_o justify_v it_o so_o that_o i_o do_v not_o now_o object_n against_o a_o doctrine_n which_o have_v a_o fair_a probability_n of_o divine_a revelation_n on_o its_o side_n for_o that_o will_v weigh_v down_o all_o objection_n which_o do_v not_o plain_o overthrow_v the_o probability_n and_o credit_n of_o its_o divine_a revelation_n but_o i_o object_n against_o a_o doctrine_n by_o the_o mere_a will_n and_o tyranny_n of_o man_n impose_v upon_o the_o belief_n of_o christian_n without_o any_o evidence_n of_o scripture_n and_o against_o all_o the_o evidence_n of_o reason_n and_o sense_n the_o objection_n i_o shall_v reduce_v to_o these_o two_o head_n first_o the_o infinite_a scandal_n of_o this_o doctrine_n to_o the_o christian_a religion_n and_o second_o the_o monstrous_a and_o insupportable_a absurdity_n of_o it_o first_o the_o infinite_a scandal_n of_o this_o doctrine_n to_o the_o christian_a religion_n and_o that_o upon_o these_o four_o account_n 1._o of_o the_o stupidity_n of_o this_o doctrine_n 2._o the_o real_a barbarousness_n of_o this_o sacrament_n and_o rite_n of_o our_o religion_n upon_o supposition_n of_o the_o truth_n of_o this_o doctrine_n 3._o of_o the_o cruel_a and_o bloody_a consequence_n of_o it_o 4._o of_o the_o danger_n of_o idolatry_n which_o they_o be_v certain_o guilty_a of_o if_o this_o doctrine_n be_v not_o true_a 1._o upon_o account_n of_o the_o stupidity_n of_o this_o doctrine_n i_o remember_v that_o tully_n who_o be_v a_o man_n of_o very_o good_a sense_n instance_v in_o the_o conceit_n of_o eat_v god_n as_o the_o extremity_n of_o madness_n and_o so_o stupid_a a_o apprehension_n as_o he_o think_v no_o man_n be_v ever_o guilty_a of_o 3._o of_o de_fw-fr nat._n deorum_fw-la l._n 3._o when_o we_o call_v say_v he_o the_o fruit_n of_o the_o earth_n ceres_n and_o wine_n bacchus_n we_o use_v but_o the_o common_a language_n but_o do_v you_o think_v any_o man_n so_o mad_a as_o to_o believe_v that_o which_o he_o eat_v to_o be_v god_n it_o seem_v he_o can_v not_o believe_v that_o so_o extravagant_a a_o folly_n have_v ever_o enter_v into_o the_o mind_n of_o man_n it_o be_v a_o very_a severe_a say_n of_o averro_n the_o arabian_a philosopher_n who_o live_v after_o this_o doctrine_n be_v entertain_v among_o christian_n and_o ought_v to_o make_v the_o church_n or_o rome_n blush_v 1._o blush_v diony_n carthus_n in_o 4._o do_v 10._o art_n 1._o if_o she_o can_v i_o have_v travel_v say_v he_o over_o the_o world_n and_o have_v find_v divers_a sect_n but_o so_o sottish_a a_o sect_n or_o law_n i_o never_o find_v as_o be_v the_o sect_n of_o the_o christian_n because_o with_o their_o own_o tooth_n they_o devour_v their_o god_n who_o they_o worship_v it_o be_v great_a stupidity_n in_o the_o people_n of_o israel_n to_o say_v come_v let_v we_o make_v we_o god_n but_o it_o be_v civil_o say_v of_o they_o let_v we_o make_v we_o god_n that_o may_v go_v before_o we_o in_o comparison_n of_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n who_o say_v let_v we_o make_v a_o god_n that_o we_o may_v eat_v he_o so_o that_o upon_o the_o whole_a matter_n i_o can_v but_o wonder_v that_o they_o shall_v choose_v thus_o to_o expose_v faith_n to_o the_o contempt_n of_o all_o that_o be_v endue_v with_o reason_n and_o to_o speak_v the_o plain_a truth_n the_o christian_a religion_n be_v never_o so_o horrible_o expose_v to_o the_o scorn_n of_o atheist_n and_o infidel_n as_o it_o have_v be_v by_o this_o most_o absurd_a and_o senseless_a doctrine_n but_o thus_o it_o be_v foretell_v that_o 2.10_o that_o 2_o thess_n 2.10_o the_o man_n of_o sin_n shall_v come_v with_o power_n and_o sign_n and_o lie_a miracle_n and_o with_o all_o deceiveableness_n of_o unrighteousness_n with_o all_o the_o legerdemain_n and_o juggle_a trick_n of_o falsehood_n and_o imposture_n among_o which_o this_o of_o transubstantiation_n which_o they_o call_v a_o miracle_n and_o we_o a_o cheat_n be_v one_o of_o the_o chief_a and_o in_o all_o probability_n those_o common_a juggle_a word_n of_o hocus_fw-la pocus_fw-la be_v nothing_o else_o but_o a_o corruption_n of_o hoc_fw-la est_fw-la corpus_fw-la by_o way_n of_o ridiculous_a imitation_n of_o the_o priest_n of_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n in_o their_o trick_n of_o transubstantiation_n into_o such_o contempt_n by_o this_o foolish_a doctrine_n and_o pretend_a miracle_n of_o they_o have_v they_o bring_v the_o most_o sacred_a and_o venerable_a mystery_n of_o our_o religion_n 2._o it_o be_v very_o scandalous_a likewise_o upon_o account_n of_o the_o real_a barbarousness_n of_o this_o sacrament_n and_o rite_n of_o our_o religion_n upon_o supposition_n of_o the_o truth_n of_o this_o doctrine_n literal_o to_o eat_v the_o flesh_n of_o the_o son_n of_o man_n and_o to_o drink_v his_o blood_n st._n austin_n as_o i_o have_v show_v before_o declare_v to_o be_v a_o great_a impiety_n and_o the_o impiety_n and_o barbarousness_n of_o the_o thing_n be_v not_o in_o truth_n extenuate_v but_o only_o the_o appearance_n of_o it_o by_o its_o be_v do_v under_o the_o species_n of_o bread_n and_o wine_n for_o the_o thing_n they_o acknowledge_v be_v real_o do_v and_o they_o believe_v that_o they_o very_o eat_v and_o drink_v the_o natural_a flesh_n and_o blood_n of_o christ_n and_o what_o can_v any_o man_n do_v more_o unworthy_o towards_o his_o