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A34969 Exomologesis, or, A faithfull narration of the occaision and motives of the conversion unto Catholick unity of Hugh-Paulin de Cressy, lately Deane of Laghlin &c. in Ireland and Prebend of Windsore in England now a second time printed with additions and explications by the same author who now calls himself B. Serenus Cressy, religious priest of the holy order of S. Benedict in the convent of S. Gregory in Doway. Cressy, Serenus, 1605-1674.; Pearson, John, 1613-1686.; Falkland, Lucius Cary, Viscount, 1610?-1643. Discourse of infallibility. 1653 (1653) Wing C6895; ESTC R29283 288,178 694

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and_o facilitate_v of_o my_o conversion_n write_v in_o french_a by_o that_o skilful_a and_o authorize_v controvertist_n francis_n veron_n doctor_n of_o divinity_n and_o entitle_v by_o he_o reiglè_fw-la generale_fw-mi de_fw-fr la_fw-fr foy_fw-fr catholic_a in_o which_o he_o deliver_v the_o pure_a catholic_a doctrine_n in_o the_o word_n of_o the_o counsel_n strain_v and_o separate_v from_o all_o particular_a opinion_n or_o authority_n not_o absolute_o oblige_v and_o this_o exemplify_v throughout_o almost_o all_o the_o considerable_a point_n of_o controversy_n bewteen_fw-mi catholic_n and_o the_o several_a sect_n of_o protestant_n which_o method_n of_o proceed_v be_v approve_v by_o several_a learned_a doctor_n of_o the_o faculty_n of_o p●●is_n and_o the_o general_a design_n of_o it_o by_o his_o late_a holiness_n gregory_n the_o five_o as_o be_v signify_v to_o the_o author_n by_o his_o nephew_n cardinal_n ludovisi●_n yea_o god_n himself_o have_v approve_v and_o recommend_v the_o same_o method_n by_o his_o numerous_a blessing_n on_o it_o in_o the_o conversion_n
23._o but_o if_o we_o observe_v the_o dependence_n and_o limitation_n of_o that_o speech_n the_o meaning_n will_v appear_v to_o be_v that_o for_o the_o outward_a practice_n of_o moses_n his_o law_n the_o jew_n be_v to_o submit_v themselves_o to_o the_o establish_a authority_n yea_o even_o when_o they_o interpret_v that_o law_n to_o the_o people_n disadvantage_n as_o they_o do_v in_o the_o case_n of_o tithe_n mention_v by_o our_o saviour_n in_o consequence_n of_o the_o former_a speech_n include_v herb_n '_o as_o mint_n commyn_n etc._n etc._n among_o the_o species_n tythable_a which_o moses_n his_o law_n do_v not_o express_v not_o necessary_o imply_v 3._o such_o authority_n the_o priest_n scribe●_n and_o pharisees_n have_v to_o explain_v the_o precept_n of_o his_o law_n for_o outward_a practice_n but_o as_o for_o spiritual_a point_n of_o belief_n prophecy_n or_o internal_a sanctity_n it_o do_v not_o appear_v that_o they_o much_o meddle_v with_o they_o not_o one_o decision_n of_o the_o sanedrim_n can_v be_v produce_v concern_v such_o matter_n indeed_o who_o shall_v be_v the_o interpreter_n of_o such_o doctrine_n there_o be_v among_o they_o two_o principal_a faction_n the_o first_o of_o the_o nobility_n that_o be_v priests_z and_o those_o be_v general_o sadducee_n as_o josephus_n inform_v we_o the_o other_o that_o popular_a faction_n of_o the_o pharisee_n now_o i_o suppose_v the_o sadducee_n who_o deny_v the_o immortality_n of_o the_o soul_n the_o existence_n of_o angel_n etc._n etc._n be_v very_o incompetent_a judge_n in_o spiritual_a matter_n and_o yet_o the_o authority_n be_v principal_o in_o their_o hand_n as_o for_o the_o pharisee_n they_o be_v the_o more_o orthodox_n of_o the_o two_o but_o want_v authority_n and_o to_o show_v that_o neither_o party_n pretend_v that_o point_n of_o such_o a_o nature_n be_v within_o their_o cognizance_n it_o be_v observable_a that_o neither_o of_o they_o extend_v their_o power_n to_o the_o condemnation_n or_o excommunication_n of_o the_o other_o for_o such_o difference_n for_o for_o such_o trifle_n as_o heaven_n or_o hell_n etc._n etc._n they_o give_v free_a liberty_n of_o conscience_n to_o every_o one_o to_o believe_v what_o and_o how_o much_o any_o man_n think_v fit_a therefore_o sure_o our_o saviour_n never_o intend_v to_o extend_v the_o forecited_a text_n to_o such_o decision_n of_o the_o scribe_n for_o then_o the_o people_n have_v be_v oblige_v to_o have_v submit_v to_o that_o decree_n of_o they_o viz._n that_o he_o shall_v be_v excommunicate_v that_o confess_v christ_n to_o have_v be_v the_o messiah_n which_o decree_n of_o they_o though_o it_o seem_v to_o be_v about_o a_o principal_a point_n of_o faith_n yet_o the_o ground_n of_o make_v it_o be_v not_o to_o determine_v point_n of_o that_o nature_n but_o because_o they_o believe_v or_o at_o least_o say_v that_o they_o believe_v that_o our_o saviour_n design_n have_v be_v to_o destroy_v the_o law_n of_o moses_n and_o the_o temple_n and_o all_o the_o rite_n which_o moses_n give_v to_o the_o jew_n therefore_o as_o external_a magistrate_n they_o provide_v by_o such_o a_o decree_n against_o sedition_n and_o rebellion_n chap._n xxxii_o enquiry_n concern_v the_o extent_n of_o the_o church_n authority_n how_o stapleton_n state_v this_o point_n 1._o after_o the_o have_v examine_v the_o ground_n of_o the_o church_n authority_n which_o appear_v to_o i_o both_o as_o firm_a in_o themselves_o as_o the_o express_a word_n of_o god_n the_o promise_n of_o christ_n and_o the_o prophecy_n of_o the_o old_a testament_n can_v make_v any_o thing_n firm_a and_o likewise_o as_o evident_o certain_a to_o my_o understanding_n as_o the_o universal_a acknowledgement_n of_o all_o christian_n in_o the_o catholic_a church_n attest_v by_o the_o continual_a profession_n and_o practice_n of_o all_o age_n of_o christianity_n the_o quotation_n yea_o whole_a volume_n of_o father_n and_o the_o concurrence_n of_o all_o counsel_n provincial_n national_n and_o ecumenical_a can_v render_v any_o thing_n that_o be_v deliver_v before_o our_o time_n assure_v to_o any_o man_n in_o the_o next_o place_n i_o take_v into_o consideration_n the_o extent_n and_o latitude_n of_o this_o authority_n how_o far_o it_o do_v necessary_o oblige_v all_o christian_n to_o submit_v to_o it_o and_o what_o manner_n of_o submission_n be_v require_v respective_o to_o the_o doctrine_n rite_n reformation_n etc._n etc._n decide_v by_o the_o church_n 2._o now_o this_o enquiry_n i_o make_v not_o with_o any_o design_n to_o make_v choice_n of_o any_o particular_a opinion_n among_o learned_a catholic_n to_o adhere_v to_o in_o opposition_n to_o any_o other_o for_o be_v a_o catholic_a i_o be_v resolve_v to_o be_v a_o obedient_a son_n of_o the_o church_n and_o only_o of_o the_o church_n but_o to_o the_o end_n that_o by_o instruct_v myself_o how_o much_o more_o easy_a some_o catholic_a doctor_n of_o unquestionable_a integrity_n have_v make_v the_o bond_n whereby_o the_o church_n restrain_v all_o in_o her_o communion_n contrary_a to_o that_o conceit_n which_o i_o whilst_o i_o be_v a_o protestant_n have_v entertain_v when_o i_o oppose_v the_o church_n authority_n under_o the_o school-notion_n of_o infallibility_n and_o that_o notion_n extend_v to_o the_o utmost_a importance_n of_o the_o word_n i_o may_v clear_o perceive_v myself_o and_o if_o occasion_n be_v discover_v to_o other_o especial_o of_o my_o own_o country_n that_o the_o exception_n and_o advantage_n which_o we_o have_v against_o the_o roman_a church_n proceed_v only_o from_o our_o misunderstanding_n of_o her_o necessary_a doctrine_n or_o at_o most_o that_o all_o the_o efficacy_n they_o have_v be_v only_o against_o particular_a opinion_n and_o inference_n make_v by_o particular_a catholic_a writer_n 3._o i_o do_v not_o search_v for_o the_o most_o qualify_a sense_n of_o the_o church_n authority_n in_o the_o write_n of_o occam_n almain_n major_n no_o nor_o of_o the_o most_o learned_a spiritual_a gerson_n etc._n etc._n partly_o because_o some_o of_o those_o writer_n be_v obnoxious_a to_o be_v except_v against_o and_o all_o of_o they_o write_v before_o the_o new_a schism_n give_v catholic_n the_o opportunity_n to_o study_v this_o controversy_n more_o exact_o i_o have_v recourse_n therefore_o to_o write_n publish_v since_o the_o council_n of_o trent_n and_o abstain_v from_o rely_v upon_o the_o suspicious_a moderatenesse_n of_o cassander_n padre_n paulo_n veneti_n picherellus_n etc._n etc._n i_o fix_v upon_o the_o judgement_n of_o our_o learned_a stapleton_n a_o man_n seldom_o cite_v either_o by_o cardinal_n bellarmin_n pe●ron_n etc._n etc._n without_o a_o testimony_n of_o his_o profoundness_n perspicuity_n and_o integrity_n and_o without_o the_o least_o suspicion_n from_o any_o catholic_n of_o tergiversation_n partiality_n or_o unsoundnesse_n 4._o this_o so_o approve_a doctor_n in_o those_o book_n which_o he_o write_v purposely_o upon_o this_o subject_n 2._o be_v to_o determine_v this_o question_n viz._n a_o ecclesiae_fw-la vox_fw-la &_o determinatio_fw-la sit_fw-la infallibilis_fw-la that_o be_v whether_o the_o voice_n and_o determination_n of_o the_o church_n be_v infallible_a give_v a_o exact_a explication_n of_o the_o true_a state_n of_o the_o controversy_n in_o seven_o observation_n call_v by_o he_o notabilia_fw-la which_o be_v in_o brief_a as_o follow_v 1._o that_o the_o church_n do_v not_o expect_v to_o be_v teach_v by_o god_n immediate_o by_o n●w_a revelation_n or_o enthusiasm_n but_o make_v use_n of_o several_a mean_n and_o diligent_a enquiry_n as_o be_v govern_v not_o by_o apostle_n who_o receive_v immediate_a revelation_n but_o by_o ordinary_a pastor_n and_o teacher_n 2._o that_o these_o pastor_n in_o make_v use_n of_o these_o several_a mean_n of_o decision_n proceed_v not_o as_o the_o apostle_n do_v with_o a_o peculiar_a infallible_a direction_n of_o the_o holy_a spirit_n but_o with_o a_o prudentiall_a collection_n not_o always_o necessary_a 3._o that_o to_o the_o apostle_n who_o be_v the_o first_o master_n of_o evangelicall_n faith_n and_o founder_n of_o the_o church_n such_o a_o infallible_a certitude_n of_o mean_n be_v necessary_a not_o so_o now_o to_o the_o church_n which_o pretend_v not_o to_o make_v new_a article_n of_o faith_n but_o only_o to_o deliver_v what_o faithful_o she_o receive_v and_o in_o some_o case_n to_o add_v explication_n 4._o that_o in_o conclusion_n notwithstanding_o though_o draw_v from_o mean_n and_o argument_n sometime_o of_o reason_n and_o humane_a document_n the_o church_n be_v infallible_a prophetical_a and_o by_o the_o holy_a spirit_n be_v assistance_n in_o some_o sense_n divine_a 5._o that_o the_o ground_n of_o this_o difference_n be_v because_o the_o church_n teach_v not_o philosophical_o and_o by_o rule_n of_o art_n but_o by_o a_o authority_n confer_v by_o almighty_a god_n hence_o in_o counsel_n we_o see_v their_o decree_n and_o conclusion_n but_o not_o always_o their_o proof_n and_o argument_n 6._o that_o this_o manner_n of_o decide_v in_o counsel_n be_v necessary_a first_o in_o respect_n of_o ignorant_a
whether_o that_o authority_n which_o be_v indeed_o supreme_a be_v not_o unappealable_a from_o and_o necessary_o to_o be_v submit_v to_o by_o all_o particular_a subordinate_a person_n to_o say_v such_o person_n have_v no_o authority_n to_o be_v guide_n be_v to_o contradict_v express_a scripture_n and_o to_o say_v that_o there_o can_v be_v a_o subordination_n of_o authority_n without_o one_o that_o be_v supreme_a or_o that_o that_o which_o be_v indeed_o supreme_a may_v by_o particular_n person_n or_o church_n be_v oppose_v or_o so_o much_o as_o appeal_v from_o be_v to_o contradict_v not_o only_o what_o be_v assume_v but_o evident_a reason_n and_o all_o order_n 3._o where_o it_o be_v say_v that_o no_o church_n be_v fit_a to_o be_v a_o guide_n in_o fundamental_n but_o only_o a_o church_n of_o one_o denomination_n as_o greek_a roman_a abyssine_n etc._n etc._n for_o otherwise_o no_o man_n can_v possible_o know_v which_o be_v the_o true_a church_n but_o only_o by_o a_o pre-examination_n of_o the_o doctrine_n and_o that_o be_v not_o to_o be_v guide_v by_o the_o church_n to_o the_o true_a doctrine_n but_o by_o the_o true_a doctrine_n to_o the_o church_n i_o answer_v that_o a_o catholic_a church_n there_o be_v as_o we_o profess_v in_o the_o creed_n and_o that_o this_o catholic_a church_n be_v visible_a and_o easy_o to_o be_v design_v plain_o distinquishable_a from_o new_a sect_n and_o innovate_a congregation_n and_o that_o this_o body_n representative_o unite_v be_v the_o supreme_a authority_n on_o earth_n and_o that_o every_o particular_a church_n or_o member_n of_o this_o catholic_a church_n as_o such_o be_v a_o sufficient_a guide_n to_o those_o that_o live_v in_o her_o communion_n as_o concern_v his_o phrase_n a_o church_n of_o one_o denomination_n i_o grant_v that_o god_n have_v not_o apparent_o oblige_v himself_o to_o confine_v his_o promise_n to_o any_o particular_a dioecose_v province_n or_o nation_n no_o not_o perhaps_o even_o to_o rome_n itself_o only_a this_o may_v certain_o be_v affirm_v that_o the_o catholic_a church_n shall_v by_o virtue_n of_o christ_n promise_n continue_v to_o the_o world_n end_n a_o visible_a church_n teach_v all_o substantial_a doctrine_n of_o christianity_n guide_v by_o a_o lawful_a succession_n of_o pastor_n under_o one_o visible_a head_n which_o visible_a head_n have_v hitherto_o for_o above_o sixteen_o century_n be_v the_o bishop_n of_o rome_n and_o that_o be_v a_o fair_a presumption_n that_o it_o will_v be_v so_o to_o christ_n second_o come_v for_o i_o know_v nothing_o but_o a_o general_a earthquake_n there_o and_o swallow_v up_o of_o that_o place_n that_o be_v likely_a to_o hinder_v such_o a_o succession_n since_o it_o have_v already_o abide_v all_o variety_n of_o opposition_n and_o tempest_n when_o the_o whole_a power_n of_o the_o roman_a and_o infernal_a empire_n seek_v to_o extinguish_v it_o and_o when_o all_o sort_n of_o heretic_n and_o schismatic_n seek_v to_o undermine_v it_o but_o i_o shall_v speak_v more_o of_o this_o when_o i_o come_v to_o the_o last_o conclusion_n concern_v the_o perpetual_a visibility_n of_o the_o church_n 4._o in_o the_o four_o place_n to_o his_o first_o proof_n that_o no_o church_n of_o one_o denomination_n can_v be_v a_o infallible_a guide_n in_o fundamental_n because_o if_o so_o than_o she_o shall_v be_v infallible_a in_o non-fundamentalls_a also_o i_o answer_v that_o even_o by_o mr._n chillingworth_n own_o confession_n it_o do_v not_o follow_v that_o if_o christ_n have_v promise_v to_o preserve_v his_o church_n from_o all_o error_n in_o fundamental_n that_o therefore_o by_o virtue_n of_o that_o promise_n she_o shall_v be_v exempt_v from_o all_o error_n whatsoever_o and_o the_o reason_n give_v by_o mr._n chillingworth_n be_v worth_a the_o mark_v the_o church_n say_v he_o may_v err_v and_o yet_o the_o gate_n of_o hell_n not_o prevail_v against_o she_o for_o see_v you_o catholic_n do_v and_o must_v grant_v that_o a_o particular_a church_n may_v hold_v some_o error_n and_o yet_o be_v still_o a_o true_a member_n of_o the_o church_n why_o may_v not_o the_o universal_a church_n bold_a the_o same_o error_n and_o yet_o remain_v the_o universal_a church_n unless_o every_o the_o least_o error_n be_v one_o of_o the_o gate_n of_o hell_n 5._o and_o indeed_o many_o catholic_a writer_n there_o be_v who_o upon_o the_o same_o ground_n with_o mr._n chillingworth_n extend_v the_o promise_n of_o the_o holy_a spirit_n assistance_n to_o the_o church_n not_o to_o all_o inconsiderable_a circumstantial_a doctrine_n but_o substantial_a and_o traditionary_a only_o and_o for_o a_o further_a proof_n we_o may_v add_v that_o there_o be_v some_o father_n of_o great_a antiquity_n and_o authority_n who_o hold_v whether_o just_o and_o true_o or_o no_o i_o debate_v not_o but_o they_o hold_v that_o there_o be_v real_a difference_n between_o the_o four_o evangelist_n in_o some_o circumstance_n of_o no_o considerable_a moment_n relate_v by_o they_o and_o by_o consequence_n there_o must_v of_o necessity_n in_o their_o opinion_n be_v a_o error_n such_o as_o it_o be_v in_o some_o one_o of_o they_o at_o lest_o the_o which_o inconsiderable_a difference_n whether_o real_a or_o imaginary_a there_o be_v a_o exact_a demonstrable_a agreement_n among_o they_o all_o in_o point_n of_o doctrine_n do_v rather_o in_o s._n chrysostom_n judgement_n in_o mat._n hom._n 1_o establish_v then_o invalidate_n or_o any_o way_n prejudice_v the_o divine_a infallibility_n of_o their_o write_n since_o thereby_o it_o be_v apparent_a say_v he_o that_o they_o do_v not_o compose_v they_o by_o consent_n and_o conspiracy_n for_o than_o they_o will_v have_v be_v scrupulous_o punctual_a in_o all_o even_o the_o small_a circumstance_n but_o in_o the_o ingenuous_a simplicity_n and_o sincerity_n of_o their_o heart_n in_o like_a manner_n s._n hierome_n tell_v we_o that_o in_o his_o time_n some_o learned_a catholic_n be_v of_o opinion_n that_o the_o apostle_n and_o evangelist_n in_o the_o new_a testament_n quote_v some_o passage_n of_o the_o old_a testament_n and_o the_o septuagint_n mere_o out_o of_o their_o memory_n not_o look_v into_o the_o book_n themselves_o and_o that_o by_o that_o mean_v their_o memory_n fail_v their_o quotation_n be_v not_o exact_o true_a yet_o notwithstanding_o those_o father_n be_v far_o from_o question_v the_o authority_n or_o infallibility_n of_o any_o one_o of_o the_o evangelist_n as_o concern_v any_o substantial_a doctrine_n contain_v in_o any_o of_o their_o gospel_n etc._n etc._n so_o likewise_o in_o the_o latin_a translation_n of_o the_o bible_n there_o be_v not_o only_a difference_n of_o sense_n from_o original_n hebrew_n or_o greek_a now_o extant_a not_o only_o great_a and_o uncertain_a variety_n of_o read_v in_o the_o ancient_a latin_a copy_n but_o likewise_o as_o the_o protestant_n brag_v very_o great_a diversity_n between_o the_o impression_n publish_v by_o the_o authority_n of_o pope_n sixtus_n quintus_fw-la and_o clemens_n octavus_n since_o the_o council_n of_o trent_n wherein_o notwithstanding_o they_o be_v mistake_v for_o though_o sixtus_n quintus_fw-la have_v design_v a_o impression_n and_o prepare_v a_o bull_n for_o the_o authorise_a of_o it_o yet_o god_n take_v he_o away_o before_o he_o effect_v his_o intent_n thereby_o as_o it_o be_v signify_v that_o it_o be_v his_o pleasure_n to_o take_v away_o from_o heretic_n all_o seem_a advantage_n against_o his_o church_n but_o though_o this_o have_v be_v as_o the_o protestant_n imagine_v sure_o a_o more_o correct_v reimpression_n do_v not_o imply_v that_o the_o church_n want_v the_o true_a scripture_n since_o none_o of_o such_o difference_n be_v of_o such_o considerable_a moment_n as_o to_o cause_v any_o uncertainty_n in_o point_n of_o doctrine_n for_o i_o conceive_v it_o be_v never_o hear_v that_o any_o error_n be_v ground_v mere_o upon_o a_o various_a read_n of_o any_o text_n of_o scripture_n but_o to_o proceed_v certain_a it_o be_v that_o there_o be_v much_o great_a difference_n between_o the_o ancient_a italica_n and_o other_o latin_a translation_n of_o the_o ancient_a church_n and_o this_o of_o s._n hierome_n as_o likewise_o yet_o great_a between_o the_o septuagint_n and_o the_o hebrew_n and_o yet_o neither_o do_v the_o apostle_n refuse_v to_o quote_v some_o passage_n out_o of_o the_o septuagint_n wherein_o the_o translation_n be_v manifest_o faulty_a however_o in_o a_o matter_n inconsiderable_a neither_o will_v any_o catholic_a affirm_v that_o the_o promise_n of_o the_o holy_a spirit_n assistance_n do_v fail_v the_o ancient_a church_n although_o it_o only_o make_v use_n of_o a_o translation_n of_o the_o scripture_n very_o imperfect_a if_o compare_v with_o s._n hieromes_n no_o not_o though_o upon_o such_o difference_n of_o read_v it_o be_v possible_a to_o ground_n doctrine_n which_o may_v be_v circumstantial_o erroneous_a it_o be_v true_a such_o doctrine_n will_v be_v of_o no_o considerable_a moment_n but_o however_o they_o may_v be_v erroneous_a yet_o without_o any_o prejudice_n to_o christ_n
of_o the_o most_o learned_a protestant_a writer_n by_o which_o they_o virtual_o confess_v that_o if_o they_o have_v live_v in_o s._n gregory_n day_n they_o will_v as_o well_o have_v separate_v from_o he_o beside_o it_o appear_v by_o s._n gregory_n epistle_n that_o he_o as_o pope_n enjoy_v a_o supereminent_a authority_n and_o sollicitous_o exercise_v a_o care_n over_o all_o christian_a church_n as_o for_o his_o jurisdiction_n as_o patriarch_n and_o the_o extension_n thereof_o that_o i_o take_v not_o here_o into_o consideration_n since_o it_o be_v not_o a_o point_n pretend_v to_o be_v a_o article_n of_o faith_n 3._o from_o s._n gregory_n day_n till_o the_o separation_n of_o the_o east_n from_o the_o external_a jurisdiction_n rather_o than_o the_o faith_n of_o the_o pope_n and_o western_a church_n the_o whole_a body_n of_o the_o church_n under_o one_o visible_a head_n remain_v as_o it_o do_v before_o enjoy_v the_o title_n of_o the_o catholic_a church_n no_o other_o pretend_v thereto_o 4._o since_o the_o division_n of_o the_o east_n from_o the_o western_a church_n cause_v as_o i_o conceive_v upon_o a_o quarrel_n about_o the_o pope_n ecclesiastical_a jurisdiction_n and_o not_o any_o point_n of_o doctrine_n the_o limit_n of_o the_o catholic_a church_n seem_v to_o be_v much_o straighten_v concern_v which_o schism_n if_o it_o be_v indeed_o a_o schism_n proper_o so_o call_v i_o apprehend_v no_o necessity_n to_o be_v very_o curious_a to_o inform_v myself_o be_v persuade_v during_o the_o time_n of_o my_o be_v a_o protestant_n that_o as_o for_o that_o one_o point_n of_o belief_n concern_v the_o procession_n of_o the_o holy_a ghost_n wherein_o the_o greek_a church_n express_v herself_o otherwise_o then_o the_o roman_a if_o in_o substance_n and_o sense_n there_o be_v a_o real_a difference_n that_o the_o roman_a church_n be_v orthodox_n and_o beside_o that_o i_o know_v not_o any_o point_n of_o doctrine_n wherein_o the_o greek_a church_n agree_v with_o protestant_n to_o condemn_v the_o roman_a church_n it_o be_v true_a they_o communicate_v in_o both_o kind_n but_o i_o can_v never_o find_v that_o the_o greek_n make_v that_o point_n any_o pretext_n of_o their_o division_n from_o the_o roman_a neither_o indeed_o can_v they_o since_o they_o also_o give_v the_o eucharist_n to_o the_o sick_a only_o in_o one_o kind_n acknowledge_v withal_o that_o such_o communicant_n receive_v the_o whole_a effect_n of_o the_o sacrament_n as_o for_o the_o story_n of_o the_o schism_n it_o be_v begin_v by_o photius_n the_o pseudo-patriarch_n of_o constantinople_n upon_o ambition_n and_o interest_n because_o the_o pope_n will_v not_o confirm_v his_o illegal_a intrusion_n into_o that_o chair_n which_o general_o have_v be_v a_o fatal_a occasion_n of_o almost_o all_o schism_n as_o long_o since_o s._n cyprian_n have_v observe_v last_o it_o be_v manifest_a that_o those_o right_n of_o jurisdiction_n also_o which_o since_o that_o schism_n have_v be_v deny_v by_o the_o greek_n to_o the_o pope_n be_v not_o then_o begin_v to_o be_v demand_v but_o have_v be_v possess_v by_o he_o for_o several_a age_n so_o that_o there_o be_v at_o least_o injustice_n if_o not_o error_n on_o the_o grecian_n part_n 7._o four_o that_o the_o pope_n as_o successor_n of_o s._n peter_n prince_n of_o the_o apostle_n have_v a_o primacy_n and_o superiority_n over_o all_o bishop_n and_o patriarch_n yea_o a_o authority_n over_o the_o whole_a catholic_a church_n so_o that_o he_o may_v true_o be_v call_v the_o head_n of_o the_o church_n have_v be_v deliver_v by_o so_o constant_a and_o universal_a a_o tradition_n that_o it_o can_v without_o extreme_a impudence_n be_v deny_v now_o how_o far_o this_o superiority_n and_o authority_n extend_v i_o think_v it_o needless_a curious_o to_o inform_v myself_o since_o as_o far_o as_o i_o can_v learn_v all_o that_o the_o church_n require_v in_o this_o point_n even_o from_o ecclesiastical_a person_n be_v a_o subscription_n to_o this_o profession_n mention_v in_o the_o bull_n of_o pope_n pius_n iv_o annex_v to_o the_o council_n of_o trent_n and_o collect_v out_o of_o the_o same_o viz._n romano_n pontifici_fw-la beati_fw-la petri_n apostolorum_fw-la principis_fw-la successori_fw-la ac_fw-la jesus_n christi_fw-la uicario_n veram_fw-la obedientiam_fw-la spondeo_fw-la ae_z juro_fw-la i_o e._n i_o do_v promise_n and_o swear_v true_a obedience_n to_o the_o pope_n of_o rome_n successor_n of_o bless_a s._n peter_n prince_n of_o the_o apostle_n and_o vicar_n of_o jesus_n christ._n 8._o now_o that_o thus_o much_o be_v of_o universal_a tradition_n what_o great_a proof_n can_v be_v desire_v then_o may_v be_v afford_v we_o in_o a_o late_a book_n entitle_v les_fw-fr grandeurs_fw-fr dell_n '_o eglise_fw-fr roman_a where_o such_o a_o world_n of_o testimony_n out_o of_o counsel_n occumenicall_a and_o provincial_n pope_n father_n both_o eastern_a and_o western_a history_n ecclesiastical_a etc._n etc._n be_v produce_v to_o maintain_v the_o co-union_n of_o s._n paul_n with_o s._n peter_n in_o at_o least_o some_o degree_n of_o his_o universal_a authority_n which_o not_o withstand_v be_v not_o a_o hundred_o part_n of_o that_o which_o may_v be_v allege_v out_o of_o antiquity_n for_o s._n peter_n principality_n and_o the_o pope_n as_o his_o successor_n yea_o that_o great_a council_n of_o chalce_v on_o acknowledge_v and_o receive_v in_o england_n even_o when_o it_o endeavour_v to_o deprive_v the_o pope_n of_o some_o part_n of_o jurisdiction_n yet_o acknowledge_v this_o his_o superiority_n and_o authority_n as_o pope_n the_o bishop_n there_o call_v he_o their_o head_n and_o themselves_o with_o all_o christian_n member_n under_o that_o head_n moreover_o socrates_n and_o zozoman_n writer_n far_o from_o be_v partial_a for_o the_o pope_n yet_o mention_v ancient_a immemoriall_n canon_n of_o the_o church_n 10._o wherein_o at_o least_o a_o negative_a voice_n be_v give_v to_o the_o pope_n in_o any_o thing_n that_o shall_v be_v introduce_v to_o oblige_v the_o whole_a church_n to_o conclude_v mounseur_fw-fr blondel_n the_o most_o learned_a french_a controvertist_n that_o ever_o undertake_v their_o common_a quarrel_n against_o the_o pope_n in_o that_o large_a volume_n which_o be_v spend_v in_o confute_v particular_a extravagant_a opinion_n concern_v that_o subject_n as_o touch_v the_o infallibility_n and_o monarchical_a omnipotence_n of_o the_o pope_n his_o lordly_a and_o domineer_a headship_n and_o a_o monarchical_a power_n usurp_v by_o he_o by_o which_o to_o subdue_v all_o the_o member_n of_o christ_n etc._n etc._n yet_o notwithstanding_o which_o be_v very_o remarkable_a he_o confess_v himself_o that_o never_o any_o council_n or_o nation_n 107._o no_o not_o that_o of_o florence_n nor_o trent_n itself_o ever_o adventure_v to_o define_v any_o thing_n concern_v such_o excessive_a title_n and_o power_n as_o the_o pope_n partisan_n do_v attribute_n to_o he_o but_o on_o the_o contrary_a that_o the_o title_n of_o the_o apostle_n s_o peter_n ought_v not_o to_o be_v put_v in_o debate_n since_o that_o the_o grecian_n and_o protestant_n also_o do_v confess_v that_o it_o have_v beone_fw-mi believe_v and_o that_o it_o may_v be_v indeed_o that_o he_o be_v the_o precedent_n and_o head_n or_o chief_n chef_fw-fr of_o the_o apostle_n the_o foundation_n of_o the_o church_n and_o possessor_n of_o the_o key_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o heaven_n yea_o moreover_o that_o rome_n as_o be_v a_o church_n consecrate_v by_o the_o residence_n and_o martyrdom_n of_o s._n peter_n who_o antiquity_n have_v acknowledge_v to_o be_v the_o head_n chef_fw-fr of_o the_o college_n apostolic_a have_v be_v honour_v with_o the_o title_n of_o the_o seat_n of_o the_o apostle_n s_o peter_n may_v without_o difficulty_n be_v consider_v by_o one_o of_o the_o most_o renown_a counsel_n viz._n that_o of_o chalcedon_n as_o head_n chef_fw-fr of_o the_o church_n which_o be_v in_o effect_n to_o acknowledge_v that_o the_o necessary_a doctrine_n of_o the_o roman_a church_n concern_v the_o pope_n primacy_n and_o authority_n be_v orthodox_n 9_o upon_o which_o ground_n since_o it_o appear_v to_o have_v be_v a_o universal_a tradition_n of_o the_o church_n beside_o express_a word_n of_o scripture_n that_o the_o catholic_a church_n be_v to_o remain_v visible_a to_o the_o end_n of_o the_o world_n that_o be_v a_o church_n possess_v of_o all_o substantial_a christian_a doctrine_n preserve_v in_o all_o truth_n govern_v by_o lawful_a pastor_n as_o one_o body_n consist_v of_o rule_v and_o rule_v member_n under_o one_o visible_a head_n which_o s._n cyprian_n make_v the_o foundation_n of_o unity_n ecclesiastical_a i_o conclude_v as_o i_o think_v rational_o that_o that_o part_n of_o the_o christian_a world_n which_o continue_v in_o communion_n with_o and_o obedience_n to_o this_o so_o acknowledge_v supreme_a authority_n might_n and_o ought_v most_o just_o to_o challenge_v the_o title_n of_o the_o catholic_a church_n 10._o therefore_o though_o the_o privilege_n of_o a_o independent_a patriarchall_a church_n which_o the_o english_a protestant_n
neglect_n or_o forgetfulness_n it_o be_v rather_o probable_a that_o that_o apostolic_a person_n who_o teach_v christianity_n first_o in_o those_o quarter_n bring_v the_o creed_n with_o that_o small_a defect_n for_o the_o very_a first_o creed_n of_o all_o seem_v to_o have_v be_v much_o short_a than_o that_o now_o current_a as_o contain_v only_o a_o profession_n of_o faith_n in_o the_o three_o person_n in_o the_o bless_a trinity_n in_o who_o name_n only_a baptism_n be_v administred●_n to_o which_o the_o apostle_n or_o apostolic_a person_n may_v afterward_o adjoyn_v the_o other_o article_n follow_v which_o addition_n be_v make_v successive_o it_o be_v possible_a some_o person_n may_v carry_v away_o in_o their_o voyage_n into_o africa_n the_o breifer_n c●ee●s_v before_o they_o be_v so_o enlarge_v 3_o in_o the_o next_o place_n concern_v the_o occasion_n and_o end_n for_o which_o the_o book_n of_o the_o new_a testament_n be_v write_v we_o ought_v to_o consider_v the_o book_n of_o history_n apart_o from_o the_o other_o of_o doctrine_n and_o prophecy_n as_o be_v distinguishable_a both_o in_o their_o occasion_n and_o end_n for_o the_o gospel_n therefore_o the_o whole_a subject_n of_o they_o be_v a_o narration_n of_o several_a passage_n of_o our_o saviour_n life_n death_n resurrection_n and_o ascension_n likewise_o some_o of_o the_o most_o considerable_a miracle_n which_o he_o wrought_v a_o sum_n of_o the_o principal_a point_n of_o his_o doctrine_n both_o moral_a and_o mysterious_a in_o parable_n concern_v his_o church_n etc._n etc._n now_o though_o the_o memory_n of_o all_o these_o except_v perhaps_o only_o the_o several_a miracle_n prophecy_n etc._n etc._n as_o much_o as_o be_v suficient_a for_o particular_a person_n might_n and_o actual_o be_v in_o substance_n preserve_v by_o practical_a tradition_n as_o 1._o the_o mysterious_a and_o to_o we_o most_o useful_a passage_n of_o his_o life_n etc._n etc._n in_o the_o public_a solemnity_n appoint_v from_o all_o antiquity_n in_o the_o solemn_a fast_n &_o administration_n of_o sacrament_n 2._o moral_a duty_n in_o the_o public_a confession_n and_o most_o ancient_a penitential_a canon_n lovefeast_n etc._n etc._n yea_o some_o of_o they_o receive_v force_n almost_o only_o from_o tradition_n as_o not_o be_v at_o all_o in_o scripture_n at_o least_o not_o so_o express_o as_o mr._n chillingworth_n require_v to_o point_n of_o necessity_n as_o unlawfulnesse_n of_o polygamy_n incestuous_a marriage_n in_o some_o particular_a degree_n etc._n etc._n notwithstanding_o it_o can_v not_o but_o be_v infinite_o acceptable_a and_o satisfactory_a to_o all_o good_a christian_n to_o be_v inform_v as_o particular_o as_o may_v be_v in_o any_o thing_n that_o concern_v so_o bless_v a_o master_n and_o saviour_n and_o therefore_o be_v these_o divine_a book_n receive_v with_o all_o imaginable_a reverence_n and_o joy_n and_o preserve_v with_o all_o possible_a care_n so_o far_o as_o thousand_o willing_o expose_v themselves_o to_o martyrdom_n rather_o than_o deliver_v they_o up_o to_o the_o fire_n they_o be_v read_v in_o church_n discourse_v on_o in_o sermon_n illustrate_v by_o commentary_n in_o a_o word_n esteem_v divine_a and_o infallible_a by_o all_o christian_n but_o yet_o no_o general_a tradition_n have_v come_v to_o we_o that_o all_o that_o be_v necessary_a for_o all_o person_n of_o all_o degree_n whether_o single_a or_o in_o society_n to_o bring_v they_o to_o heaven_n be_v contain_v express_o in_o these_o gospel_n which_o be_v a_o certain_a proof_n that_o the_o ancient_a church_n do_v not_o think_v so_o or_o however_o that_o they_o do_v not_o think_v it_o necessary_a to_o think_v so_o for_o no_o one_o thing_n general_o think_v necessary_a to_o salvation_n but_o have_v be_v convey_v under_o that_o notion_n by_o tradition_n oral_a as_o well_o as_o writing_n beside_o it_o be_v clear_a there_o be_v nothing_o express_v for_o assemble_v synod_n ordain_v several_a degree_n of_o minister_n no_o form_n or_o direction_n for_o public_a service_n no_o unquestionable_a prohibition_n of_o polygamy_n incest_n etc._n etc._n so_o that_o although_o no_o doubt_n to_o some_o person_n in_o some_o sudden_a desperate_a circumstance_n there_o be_v in_o the_o gospel_n to_o be_v find_v enough_o yea_o more_o than_o enough_o of_o mere_a necessity_n yea_o in_o any_o one_o of_o they_o yea_o in_o two_o or_o three_o verse_n of_o any_o one_o of_o they_o yet_o therefore_o to_o deduce_v a_o general_a conclusion_n that_o all_o thing_n simple_o necessary_a be_v contain_v in_o the_o gospel_n be_v sure_o very_o unreasonable_a and_o much_o more_o thence_o to_o infer_v a_o general_a conclusion_n so_o as_o to_o make_v it_o the_o fundamental_a ground_n of_o all_o sect_n of_o religion_n and_o a_o sufficient_a excuse_n for_o that_o which_o if_o that_o conclusion_n be_v not_o o●ely_o not_o true_a but_o not_o so_o evident_a as_o that_o there_o can_v be_v no_o show_n of_o contradiction_n be_v a_o most_o horrible_a sin_n namely_o schism_n or_o heresy_n this_o to_o i_o seem_v to_o be_v somewhat_o that_o deserve_v a_o name_n beyond_o unreasonableness_n itself_o and_o that_o join_v with_o infinite_a danger_n in_o a_o point_n of_o the_o high_a consequence_n imaginable_a 4._o now_o the_o same_o inconvenience_n will_v follow_v though_o the_o book_n of_o the_o act_n epistle_n and_o apocalyse_v be_v add_v to_o the_o gospel_n to_o make_v they_o altogether_o to_o be_v a_o entire_a perspicuous_a rule_n of_o faith_n without_o any_o need_n of_o a_o authoritative_a interpreter_n for_o first_o for_o the_o apocalyse_v it_o be_v a_o mere_a obscure_a prophecy_n and_o can_v contribute_v little_a or_o nothing_o to_o the_o instruction_n or_o discipline_n of_o the_o church_n then_o the_o book_n of_o the_o act_n though_o it_o relate_v some_o particular_n of_o our_o saviour_n after_o his_o ascension_n as_o his_o send_v the_o holy_a ghost_n etc._n etc._n together_o with_o a_o very_a few_o passage_n concern_v any_o of_o the_o apostle_n except_v some_o few_o year_n of_o saint_n paul_n travel_n yet_o it_o will_v prove_v but_o a_o very_a imperfect_a model_n for_o settle_v of_o the_o church_n in_o such_o a_o posture_n and_o with_o such_o qualification_n both_o for_o doctrine_n and_o practice_n as_o unquestionable_a antiquity_n represent_v unto_o we_o the_o primitive_a apostolic_a church_n and_o la●●ly_o for_o the_o epistle_n of_o s._n paul_n etc._n etc._n it_o be_v confess_v by_o all_o and_o the_o text_n itself_o justify_v it_o that_o those_o epistle_n be_v never_o intend_v to_o be_v write_v as_o institution_n or_o catechism_n contain_v a_o abridgement_n of_o the_o whole_a body_n of_o christian_a faith_n for_o the_o whole_a church_n for_o 1._o they_o be_v write_v only_o to_o some_o particular_a congregation_n yea_o many_o of_o they_o to_o single_a person_n and_o no_o order_n be_v give_v to_o communicate_v they_o to_o the_o whole_a church_n i_o be_o sure_a no_o necessity_n appear_v that_o they_o shall_v be_v so_o divulge_v 2._o they_o be_v write_v mere_o occasional_o namely_o by_o reason_n that_o some_o particular_a false_a teacher_n sow_v certain_a false_a doctrine_n in_o some_o particular_a church_n found_v by_o the_o apostle_n in_o the_o confutation_n of_o which_o heresy_n all_o the_o doctrinal_a part_n of_o those_o epistle_n be_v general_o employ_v so_o that_o if_o those_o heretic_n have_v not_o chance_v to_o have_v broach_v those_o particular_a opinion_n those_o epistle_n have_v never_o be_v write_v 3._o these_o epistle_n especial_o of_o saint_n paul_n the_o most_o and_o the_o large_a be_v write_v in_o a_o stile_n so_o obscure_a such_o intricacy_n of_o argue_v with_o such_o digession_n interweave_v the_o logical_a analysis_n be_v so_o extreme_o difficult_a that_o that_o gift_n of_o interpret_n be_v in_o those_o day_n a_o necessary_a attendant_n of_o the_o apostle_n preach_v and_o i_o be_o confident_a that_o if_o a_o hundred_o man_n and_o those_o general_o of_o the_o same_o sect_n and_o opinion_n be_v oppoint_v to_o resolve_v the_o order_n and_o method_n of_o s._n paul_n argue_v there_o will_v not_o three_o of_o they_o agree_v for_o three_o verse_n together_o now_o upon_o these_o ground_n how_o improper_a such_o write_n be_v to_o serve_v for_o the_o only_a rule_n of_o faith_n which_o even_o in_o mr._n chillingworth_n opinion_n must_v be_v so_o clear_a and_o evident_a in_o point_n necessary_a that_o there_o can_v be_v no_o rational_a possibility_n of_o diversity_n of_o opinion_n and_o by_o cosequence_n no_o need_n of_o a_o authoritative_a interpreter_n let_v he_o that_o can_v believe_v it_o and_o let_v he_o that_o dare_v put_v it_o to_o the_o trial_n when_o his_o soul_n eternal_a estate_n depend_v upon_o it_o chap._n xi_o the_o three_o preparatory_a ground_n viz._n the_o clear_n of_o the_o ambiguity_n of_o these_o word_n necessary_a to_o salvation_n 1._o these_o word_n necessary_a to_o salvation_n be_v apply_v to_o several_a object_n and_o subject_n admit_v of_o great_a variety_n in_o the_o application_n and_o use_n
3._o as_o concern_v book_n of_o scripture_n the_o tradition_n of_o they_o may_v appear_v certain_a in_o a_o high_a degree_n at_o least_o for_o the_o substance_n of_o the_o book_n for_o though_o at_o first_o they_o be_v write_v for_o the_o use_n and_o necessity_n of_o particular_a church_n and_o person_n and_o no_o obligation_n appear_v express_o to_o have_v be_v impose_v to_o disperse_v they_o through_o the_o whole_a church_n notwithstanding_o the_o infinite_a reverence_n which_o all_o christian_n bear_v to_o the_o apostle_n make_v every_o church_n desirous_a to_o possess_v themselves_o of_o whatsoever_o write_n proceed_v from_o they_o yet_o this_o not_o out_o of_o any_o extreme_a necessity_n for_o from_o their_o first_o foundation_n all_o church_n be_v instruct_v in_o all_o point_n and_o doctrine_n of_o christianity_n as_o likewise_o the_o same_o order_n of_o government_n public_a worship_n etc._n etc._n and_o this_o after_o a_o uniform_a manner_n as_o appear_v to_o i_o evident_a not_o only_o from_o the_o ancient_a liturgy_n but_o several_a testimony_n out_o of_o tertullian_n s._n epiphanius_n s._n augustine_n etc._n etc._n but_o there_o be_v require_v a_o long_a time_n ere_o such_o write_n can_v be_v universal_o spread_v yea_o several_a age_n be_v pass_v before_o they_o be_v all_o of_o they_o receive_v even_o at_o rome_n itself_o as_o appear_v out_o of_o s._n hierome_n for_o before_o they_o be_v admit_v into_o the_o canon_n we_o may_v be_v sure_a that_o great_a caution_n and_o exact_a information_n be_v use_v so_o that_o after_o all_o this_o they_o have_v be_v now_o many_o age_n acknowledge_v by_o the_o whole_a church_n for_o divine_a write_n we_o may_v have_v a_o great_a assurance_n of_o they_o then_o of_o the_o book_n of_o aristotle_n cicero_n etc._n etc._n which_o by_o reason_n man_n be_v not_o much_o concern_v whether_o they_o be_v legitimate_a or_o supposititious_a have_v not_o be_v examine_v with_o so_o much_o advice_n and_o caution_n and_o yet_o that_o 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remain_v in_o his_o day_n 4._o in_o the_o three_o place_n reason_n tell_v i_o that_o such_o ceremony_n as_o be_v universal_o practise_v through_o the_o whole_a church_n from_o the_o first_o time_n though_o not_o mention_v in_o scripture_n may_v justify_v themselves_o to_o be_v derive_v from_o the_o apostle_n with_o a_o great_a certainty_n than_o even_o the_o book_n of_o scripture_n themselves_o according_a to_o that_o say_n of_o s._n augustine_n ep._n 118._o those_o thing_n which_o we_o observe_v and_o be_v not_o write_v but_o deliver_v and_o be_v practise_v all_o the_o world_n over_o be_v to_o be_v understand_v to_o have_v be_v command_v and_o appoint_v either_o by_o the_o apostle_n themselves_o or_o by_o general_n counsel_n the_o authority_n whereof_o be_v most_o healthful_a in_o the_o church_n which_o tertullian_n before_o he_o thus_o express_v the_o praesor_n this_o custom_n certain_o proceed_v from_o apostolic_a tradition_n for_o how_o can_v that_o come_v into_o general_n 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particular_a necessary_a affair_n in_o none_o of_o which_o synod_n notwithstanding_o be_v the_o least_o mention_n make_v of_o ordain_v such_o ceremony_n if_o together_o with_o christian_a religion_n they_o have_v not_o be_v introduce_v by_o the_o apostle_n let_v now_o any_o reasonable_a man_n judge_v if_o the_o book_n of_o scripture_n which_o he_o acknowledge_v only_o upon_o the_o ground_n of_o general_a tradition_n however_o certain_o and_o unquestionable_o divine_a yet_o do_v not_o want_v some_o of_o these_o argument_n of_o demonstration_n and_o enjoy_v some_o of_o the_o rest_n in_o a_o inferior_a degree_n 5._o but_o four_a doctrine_n or_o custom_n shine_v in_o the_o general_a practice_n of_o the_o church_n and_o withal_o more_o or_o less_o clear_o express_v in_o scripture_n that_o be_v indeed_o the_o whole_a substance_n and_o and_o frame_n of_o christian_a religion_n as_o be_v show_v before_o and_o therein_o many_o point_n now_o in_o controversy_n between_o catholic_n and_o protestant_n etc._n etc._n and_o above_o all_o other_o this_o point_n of_o the_o church_n authority_n may_v prove_v themselves_o certain_a in_o a_o degree_n beyond_o all_o these_o and_o with_o as_o much_o assurance_n as_o tradition_n be_v capable_a of_o i_o be_o confident_o persuade_v beyond_o the_o high_a degree_n that_o i_o mention_v for_o secular_a tradition_n in_o the_o example_n of_o king_n william_n the_o conqueror_n of_o england_n for_o first_o all_o the_o person_n live_v in_o the_o time_n of_o luther_n apostasy_n in_o all_o province_n not_o of_o one_o kingdom_n but_o of_o the_o whole_a catholic_a church_n agree_v in_o testify_v that_o their_o ancestor_n have_v deliver_v such_o thing_n to_o they_o as_o of_o tradition_n apostolical_a and_o by_o consequence_n since_o the_o contrary_n can_v be_v make_v apparent_a we_o be_v to_o judge_v the_o same_o of_o all_o precedent_a age_n ascend_v upward_o till_o the_o first_o time_n not_o one_o catholic_n express_o dissent_v and_o much_o less_o any_o one_o age_n so_o that_o unless_o in_o some_o one_o age_n of_o the_o church_n all_o catholic_n shall_v shall_v have_v conspire_v to_o tell_v a_o lie_n to_o their_o child_n and_o not_o only_o so_o but_o shall_v have_v be_v able_a to_o have_v seduce_v they_o not_o one_o appear_v that_o will_v have_v the_o honesty_n to_o discover_v the_o deceit_n i_o can_v not_o conceive_v it_o possible_a that_o a_o tradition_n of_o such_o a_o nature_n can_v be_v false_a add_v to_o the_o confirmation_n of_o the_o same_o doctrine_n the_o testimony_n of_o history_n and_o record_n yea_o even_o of_o enemy_n for_o many_o doctrine_n and_o practice_n moreover_o the_o law_n continual_o in_o force_n through_o the_o catholic_a church_n last_o the_o public_a form_n of_o devotion_n feast_n time_n of_o mortification_n etc._n etc._n all_o these_o argument_n of_o certainty_n conspire_v in_o a_o far_o more_o eminent_a manner_n to_o prove_v these_o kind_n of_o doctrine_n and_o rite_n then_o in_o the_o example_n of_o william_n the_o conqueror_n 5._o but_o beyond_o all_o these_o something_o may_v be_v add_v to_o which_o that_o secular_a example_n do_v in_o no_o visible_a distance_n approach_v for_o do_v william_n the_o conqueror_n ever_o appoint_v any_o person_n about_o he_o to_o write_v all_o the_o considerable_a particular_n of_o his_o story_n supply_v they_o with_o all_o thing_n for_o the_o enable_v they_o to_o that_o purpose_n do_v he_o work_v miracle_n himself_o for_o the_o confirm_v his_o authority_n and_o give_v power_n to_o his_o servant_n and_o their_o successor_n for_o several_a age_n to_o do_v the_o like_a do_v he_o appoint_v a_o succession_n of_o teacher_n to_o the_o world_n end_n sufficient_o instruct_v command_v they_o to_o keep_v wary_o the_o depositum_fw-la of_o that_o religion_n both_o from_o mixture_n and_o perish_v and_o so_o to_o deliver_v it_o to_o their_o successor_n and_o this_o upon_o great_a penalty_n of_o disobey_v do_v he_o beside_o solemn_a day_n for_o several_a use_n institute_v outward_a rite_n
prevent_v in_o like_a manner_n and_o upon_o the_o same_o ground_n the_o christian_n of_o the_o first_o time_n be_v more_o holy_a more_o unmoved_a in_o their_o faith_n more_o zealous_a for_o the_o glory_n of_o god_n then_o in_o follow_v age_n because_o the_o ground_n of_o assurance_n and_o other_o motive_n do_v more_o immediate_o and_o so_o more_o strong_o make_v a_o impression_n upon_o their_o mind_n notwithstanding_o the_o faith_n and_o holiness_n of_o the_o time_n further_o distant_a from_o the_o apostle_n caeteris_fw-la pa●ibus_fw-la be_v perhaps_o more_o acceptable_a to_o god_n and_o more_o meritori_fw-mi we_o as_o have_v more_o of_o the_o will_n in_o it_o as_o our_o saviour_n imply_v in_o the_o forecited_a speech_n to_o s._n thomas_n chap._n xxvi_o ground_n pre-required_n to_o the_o church_n authority_n 1._o have_v show_v the_o certainty_n of_o tradition_n in_o general_a and_o some_o several_a degree_n of_o it_o and_o withal_o the_o incomparable_a advantage_n which_o the_o church_n as_o a_o simple_a proponent_n have_v to_o prove_v the_o certainty_n of_o her_o tradition_n of_o those_o doctrine_n which_o concern_v the_o substance_n of_o christian_a religion_n in_o the_o next_o place_n i_o proceed_v to_o make_v some_o near_a approach_n to_o the_o consideration_n of_o the_o authority_n which_o she_o challenge_v to_o herself_o and_o whereby_o she_o oblige_v all_o in_o her_o communion_n to_o believe_v receive_v and_o embrace_v whatsoever_o she_o thus_o propose_v that_o be_v to_o acknowledge_v the_o verity_n and_o divine_a original_n of_o all_o those_o christian_a revelation_n deposit_v in_o her_o hand_n and_o several_a way_n both_o by_o oral_a instruction_n practice_n or_o write_v deliver_v by_o she_o to_o all_o christian_n to_o be_v by_o they_o believe_v practise_v and_o obey_v the_o church_n as_o a_o simple_a proponent_n only_o tell_v we_o that_o such_o doctrine_n book_n and_o rite_n be_v ancient_o deliver_v as_o divine_a and_o attest_v by_o divine_a miracle_n believe_v most_o assure_o to_o be_v such_o by_o all_o christian_n and_o in_o respect_n of_o this_o way_n of_o propose_v even_o her_o enemy_n may_v join_v with_o she_o to_o confirm_v this_o tradition_n proof_n thereof_o we_o find_v in_o jewish_a and_o heathen_a author_n the_o jew_n all_o confess_v that_o the_o religion_n by_o christ_n and_o his_o apostle_n preach_v in_o the_o world_n be_v at_o least_o pretend_a to_o be_v of_o divine_a authority_n that_o strange_a wonder_n pretend_v likewise_o to_o be_v wrought_v by_o a_o divine_a omnipotence_n give_v testimony_n hereto_o but_o yet_o neither_o jew_n nor_o heathen_n assent_v to_o what_o christian_n infer_v from_o hence_o namely_o that_o these_o be_v indeed_o divine_a miracle_n and_o by_o consequence_n the_o doctrine_n confirm_v by_o they_o divine_a also_o 2._o this_o be_v so_o the_o church_n before_o she_o can_v interpose_v and_o make_v use_n of_o her_o authority_n to_o oblige_v any_o to_o submit_v to_o the_o particular_a doctrine_n and_o practice_n by_o she_o propose_v and_o by_o she_o likewise_o where_o need_n be_v explain_v and_o interpret_v must_v give_v a_o firm_a unquestionable_a assurance_n of_o these_o two_o thing_n 1._o that_o the_o religion_n in_o gross_a which_o tradition_n on_o all_o hand_n agree_v to_o have_v be_v deliver_v be_v divine_a and_o have_v be_v more_o then_o sufficient_o prove_v to_o be_v so_o 2._o that_o one_o of_o the_o special_a doctrine_n of_o this_o religion_n be_v her_o authority_n so_o far_o extend_v i_o say_v this_o assurance_n must_v be_v firm_a and_o unquestionable_a in_o both_o these_o point_n for_o if_o it_o be_v only_o probable_a though_o in_o never_o so_o high_a a_o degree_n i_o be_v not_o able_a to_o comprehend_v how_o that_o which_o be_v build_v upon_o such_o a_o ground_n can_v be_v absolute_o firm_a and_o unquestionable_a 3._o to_o demonstrate_v therefore_o the_o former_a point_n viz._n concern_v our_o assurance_n of_o the_o divine_a original_n of_o christian_a religion_n i_o suppose_v this_o for_o a_o ground_n that_o from_o sufficient_a principle_n reason_n can_v conclude_v certain_o and_o necessary_o which_o not_o be_v to_o be_v deny_v by_o rrason_a i_o add_v that_o the_o principle_n to_o be_v lay_v by_o reason_n as_o a_o ground_n of_o this_o our_o assurance_n be_v 1._o the_o consideration_n of_o what_o a_o nature_n those_o miracle_n be_v which_o that_o they_o have_v be_v wrought_v we_o have_v from_o tradition_n not_o only_a assurance_n but_o the_o high_a degree_n of_o assurance_n that_o tradition_n can_v almost_o afford_v 2_o of_o what_o a_o nature_n christian_n religion_n deliver_v by_o a_o equal_o assure_v tradition_n be_v for_o the_o confirmation_n whereof_o such_o miracle_n be_v wrought_v these_o two_o principle_n as_o they_o give_v mutual_a virtue_n each_o to_o other_o and_o both_o of_o they_o together_o do_v necessary_o conclude_v all_o that_o we_o desire_v to_o demonstrate_v so_o they_o ought_v not_o easy_o be_v disjoin_v for_o first_o some_o of_o the_o same_o effect_n which_o in_o christianity_n we_o call_v true_a miracle_n no_o doubt_n have_v be_v wrought_v in_o place_n where_o a_o false_a religion_n have_v be_v profess_v and_o on_o the_o other_o side_n every_o religion_n wherein_o there_o be_v no_o impiety_n be_v not_o necessary_a to_o be_v esteem_v of_o divine_a original_n but_o when_o can_v it_o be_v demonstrate_v that_o true_a miracle_n have_v be_v wrought_v for_o the_o assert_v of_o a_o religion_n and_o that_o that_o religion_n teach_v supernatural_a doctrine_n of_o holiness_n piety_n justice_n etc._n etc._n then_o nothing_o can_v in_o reason_n be_v object_v against_o it_o 4._o in_o the_o present_a case_n therefore_o 1._o concern_v miracle_n wrought_v by_o christ_n and_o his_o apostle_n &c._n &c._n to_o the_o end_n that_o i_o may_v only_o point_v at_o these_o thing_n since_o it_o be_v not_o my_o present_a purpose_n to_o speak_v of_o this_o argument_n but_o only_o as_o a_o preparation_n to_o my_o information_n concern_v the_o church_n authority_n and_o resolution_n of_o faith_n we_o may_v consider_v as_o in_o this_o number_n of_o miracle_n 1._o propeecy_n in_o the_o old_a testament_n bring_v to_o we_o by_o most_o assure_a tradition_n wherein_o we_o find_v express_o foretell_v that_o the_o messiah_n shall_v come_v before_o the_o sceptre_n be_v depart_v from_o judah_n that_o be_v before_o the_o particular_a commonwealth_n of_o the_o jew_n be_v destroy_v that_o he_o shall_v teach_v a_o new_a covenant_n to_o be_v write_v not_o in_o table_n of_o stone_n but_o in_o the_o heart_n of_o god_n people_n that_o he_o shall_v confirm_v this_o covenant_n by_o the_o same_o miracle_n which_o our_o saviour_n actual_o wrought_v that_o the_o gentile_n after_o the_o death_n and_o glorification_n of_o the_o messiah_n shall_v be_v receive_v into_o this_o covenant_n and_o the_o jew_n for_o their_o infidelity_n reject_v etc._n etc._n 2._o stupendous_a miracle_n apparent_o wrought_v by_o christ_n and_o his_o apostle_n to_o which_o because_o they_o be_v but_o a_o few_o person_n end_v therefore_o lest_o the_o narrowness_n of_o the_o scene_n shall_v prejudice_v their_o authority_n we_o may_v add_v a_o continuance_n of_o the_o like_a miracle_n perform_v by_o the_o successor_n of_o the_o apostle_n in_o all_o the_o part_n of_o the_o roman_a empire_n and_o by_o a_o world_n of_o person_n learned_a and_o unlearned_a man_n and_o woman_n etc._n etc._n none_o of_o which_o can_v have_v be_v perform_v by_o any_o inferior_a natural_a agent_n know_v of_o we_o and_o therefore_o either_o by_o god_n himself_o immediate_o or_o by_o good_a supernatural_a spirit_n at_o least_o 5._o in_o the_o second_o place_n for_o the_o doctrine_n and_o precept_n of_o christianity_n the_o former_a be_v indeed_o many_o of_o they_o above_o the_o reach_n of_o natural_a reason_n but_o not_o direct_o against_o it_o conduce_v very_o much_o to_o the_o glory_n of_o the_o divine_a incomprehensible_a majesty_n and_o the_o latter_a direct_a mankind_n in_o the_o most_o perfect_a manner_n imagineable_a to_o glorify_v god_n to_o renounce_v de●ie_n and_o contemn_v wicked_a spirit_n teach_v man_n to_o perform_v all_o duty_n of_o justice_n and_o charity_n to_o all_o manner_n of_o person_n respective_o to_o preserve_v peace_n and_o tranquillity_n in_o the_o world_n and_o last_o to_o perfectionate_a every_o single_a person_n in_o sobriety_n chastity_n etc._n etc._n after_o a_o manner_n more_o than_o humane_a so_o that_o if_o man_n be_v capable_a of_o be_v elevate_v to_o a_o felicity_n beyond_o nature_n this_o be_v the_o only_a religion_n worthy_a to_o bring_v he_o to_o it_o 6._o from_o these_o principle_n reason_n may_v conclude_v most_o assure_o 1._o that_o such_o miracle_n be_v certain_o wrought_v many_o of_o they_o immediate_o by_o a_o omnipotent_a power_n and_o the_o rest_n at_o least_o by_o good_a angel_n as_o god_n minister_n since_o it_o be_v impossible_a that_o wicked_a spirit_n shall_v be_v willing_a to_o strain_v themselves_o so_o far_o on_o purpose_n to_o
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conclusion_n can_v be_v infer_v ergo_fw-la it_o belong_v to_o all_o christian_n to_o judge_v of_o the_o sense_n of_o scripture_n even_o against_o the_o authority_n of_o the_o church_n a_o four_o if_o the_o blind_a lead_v the_o blind_a both_o shall_v fall_v into_o the_o ditch_n all_o the_o inference_n that_o i_o can_v possible_o draw_v from_o this_o text_n will_v be_v therefore_o if_o man_n will_v not_o believe_v their_o teacher_n but_o either_o will_v rush_v forward_o themselves_o or_o follow_v other_o that_o neither_o have_v authority_n nor_o ability_n to_o teach_v they_o be_v likely_a to_o fall_v into_o the_o ditch_n for_o sure_o by_o blind_a be_v not_o mean_v the_o lawful_a pastor_n of_o the_o church_n which_o on_o the_o contrary_n be_v in_o the_o old_a testament_n call_v videntes_fw-la or_o seer_n and_o by_o s._n paul_n eye_n when_o speak_v of_o such_o person_n as_o mr._n chillingworth_n here_o give_v the_o office_n of_o judge_v to_o he_o say_v if_o the_o ear_n shall_v say_v 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first_o devise_v and_o propose_v to_o the_o world_n by_o mr._n chillingworth_n let_v even_o the_o most_o ignorant_a of_o his_o judge_n give_v sentence_n whether_o as_o long_o as_o man_n have_v passion_n and_o as_o long_o as_o there_o be_v pride_n in_o their_o heart_n and_o tentation_n in_o the_o world_n it_o be_v not_o utter_o impossible_a to_o be_v compass_v and_o if_o upon_o a_o impossible_a supposition_n it_o be_v effect_v whether_o such_o a_o kind_n of_o unity_n will_v deserve_v the_o name_n of_o unity_n and_o not_o rather_o of_o a_o universal_a stupidity_n and_o lethargy_n chap._n xl._o a_o answer_n to_o mr._n chillingworth_n objection_n concern_v difference_n among_o catholic_n about_o the_o judge_n of_o controversy_n 1._o have_v thus_o far_o consider_v mr._n chillingworth_n general_a ground_n concern_v a_o judge_n of_o controversy_n disperse_v in_o several_a place_n through_o his_o book_n i_o will_v proceed_v to_o take_v a_o view_n of_o his_o principal_a objection_n against_o the_o catholic_a doctrine_n concern_v the_o authority_n of_o the_o church_n which_o objection_n be_v of_o several_a
promise_n to_o his_o church_n so_o that_o the_o church_n even_o when_o she_o do_v upon_o supposition_n err_v yet_o she_o do_v not_o even_o then_o lead_v any_o man_n out_o of_o the_o way_n to_o heaven_n or_o within_o the_o danger_n of_o hell_n gate_n see_v the_o promise_n of_o christ_n be_v infallible_a that_o his_o spirit_n shall_v conduct_v or_o rather_o preserve_v his_o church_n in_o the_o belief_n and_o profession_n of_o all_o truth_n at_o least_o necessary_a and_o as_o for_o point_n supernumerary_a or_o unnecessary_a neither_o unwilfull_a ignorance_n nor_o unavoidable_a mistake_n shall_v be_v impute_v as_o sinful_a to_o any_o man_n 6._o to_o the_o second_o proof_n viz._n that_o if_o the_o promise_n of_o infallibility_n have_v be_v make_v to_o any_o church_n of_o one_o denomination_n certain_o the_o scripture_n will_v have_v name_v that_o church_n and_o have_v direct_v all_o christian_n to_o have_v recourse_n unto_o she_o it_o be_v a_o point_n of_o so_o main_a importance_n i_o answer_v 1._o the_o inference_n be_v not_o at_o all_o conclude_a as_o i_o show_v before_o in_o the_o first_o conclusion_n 2._o the_o scripture_n have_v express_o mention_v such_o promise_n make_v to_o the_o church_n and_o if_o we_o will_v follow_v either_o reason_n or_o catholic_a tradition_n interpret_n scripture_n we_o must_v at_o least_o apply_v those_o promise_n to_o the_o whole_a body_n and_o succession_n of_o the_o catholic_a church_n unite_v under_o one_o head_n since_o no_o particular_a man_n or_o church_n consider_v only_o as_o a_o distinct_a member_n of_o the_o whole_a can_v pretend_v to_o these_o promise_n as_o peculiar_o applicable_a to_o themselves_o now_o this_o whole_a body_n be_v as_o apparent_a and_o distinguishable_a from_o particular_a sect_n in_o the_o time_n of_o s._n augustine_n and_o s._n gregory_n as_o if_o it_o have_v be_v a_o church_n of_o one_o denomination_n since_o they_o frame_v all_o their_o argument_n and_o discourse_n from_o the_o apparent_a visibility_n of_o it_o and_o sure_o to_o any_o one_o that_o will_v not_o shut_v his_o eye_n will_v have_v appear_v as_o clear_v and_o demonstrable_a in_o luther_n time_n also_o 7._o to_o the_o three_o proof_n of_o mr._n chillingworth_n viz._n that_o catholic_n build_v their_o assurance_n of_o the_o infallibility_n of_o the_o church_n only_o upon_o fallible_a and_o uncertain_a ground_n and_o mark_n i_o answer_v that_o i_o have_v make_v the_o contrary_n appear_v in_o several_a place_n before_o demonstrate_v that_o it_o be_v ground_v upon_o the_o most_o firm_a unshaken_a foundation_n that_o reason_n can_v have_v viz._n universal_a tradition_n by_o which_o it_o be_v more_o effectual_o prove_v then_o any_o particular_a book_n of_o scripture_n have_v be_v 8._o to_o his_o last_o proof_n against_o the_o church_n infallibility_n from_o his_o two_o example_n wherein_o the_o church_n be_v say_v to_o have_v err_v universal_o in_o point_n pretend_v to_o be_v of_o tradition_n as_o namely_o about_o the_o give_v the_o bless_a sacrament_n to_o infant_n mention_v by_o s._n augustine_n and_o the_o doctrine_n of_o the_o millenaries_n by_o s._n justin_n martyr_n and_o s._n irenaeus_n for_o the_o first_o example_n i_o refer_v myself_o to_o the_o satisfactory_a answer_n give_v by_o cardinal_n perron_n to_o the_o same_o objection_n make_v by_o king_n james_n perr_n repl_n l._n 2._o ob_n 3._o c._n 11._o 2._o concern_v the_o other_o example_n of_o the_o doctrine_n of_o the_o millenaries_n etc._n etc._n i_o answer_v that_o s._n justin_n martyr_n dial_n cum_fw-la trypho_n say_v not_o that_o it_o be_v a_o catholic_a tradition_n nor_o receive_v by_o the_o whole_a church_n but_o only_o of_o himself_o and_o many_o other_o christian_n but_o withal_o that_o there_o be_v many_o also_o who_o be_v of_o a_o pure_a and_o pious_a christian_a belief_n which_o do_v not_o acknowledge_v it_o and_o when_o all_o that_o can_v be_v allege_v to_o prove_v that_o doctrine_n to_o have_v be_v a_o apostolic_a tradition_n be_v say_v the_o proof_n end_v upon_o the_o report_n of_o papias_n a_o very_a credulous_a man_n one_o that_o love_v to_o tell_v story_n many_o of_o which_o can_v not_o find_v belief_n in_o the_o church_n a_o man_n mean_o learn_v and_o by_o consequence_n one_o that_o may_v very_o probable_o mistake_v what_o he_o say_v s._n john_n tell_v he_o concern_v that_o point_n chap._n xlii_o a_o answer_n to_o mr._n chillingworth_n objection_n of_o circle_n and_o absurdity_n to_o the_o resolution_n of_o faith_n of_o catholic_n 1._o a_o three_o rank_n of_o argument_n with_o which_o mr._n chillingworth_n combat_v the_o infallibility_n of_o the_o church_n be_v ground_v upon_o the_o absurdity_n meander_n and_o circle_n which_o he_o say_v most_o unavoidable_o follow_v the_o resolution_n of_o the_o faith_n of_o catholic_n let_v we_o hear_v the_o sum_n of_o his_o allegation_n in_o his_o own_o word_n cap._n 2._o 118._o 119._o for_o god_n sake_n sir_n tell_v i_o plain_o in_o those_o text_n of_o scripture_n which_o you_o allege_v for_o the_o infallibility_n of_o your_o church_n do_v not_o you_o allow_v what_o sense_n you_o think_v true_a and_o disallow_v the_o contrary_a and_o do_v you_o not_o this_o by_o the_o direction_n of_o your_o private_a reason_n if_o you_o do_v why_o do_v you_o condemn_v it_o in_o other_o if_o you_o do_v not_o i_o pray_v what_o direction_n do_v you_o follow_v or_o whether_o you_o follow_v none_o at_o all_o if_o none_o at_o all_o this_o be_v like_o draw_v lot_n or_o throw_v dice_n for_o the_o choice_n of_o a_o religion_n if_o any_o other_o i_o beseech_v you_o tell_v i_o what_o it_o be_v perhaps_o you_o will_v say_v the_o church_n authority_n and_o that_o will_v be_v to_o dance_v fine_o in_o a_o round_a thus_o to_o believe_v the_o church_n infallible_a authority_n because_o the_o scripture_n avouch_v it_o and_o to_o believe_v that_o scripture_n say_v and_o mean_a so_o because_o they_o be_v so_o expound_v by_o the_o church_n be_v not_o this_o for_o a_o father_n to_o beget_v his_o son_n and_o the_o son_n to_o beget_v his_o father_n for_o a_o foundation_n etc._n etc._n the_o church_n you_o say_v be_v infallible_a i_o be_o very_o doubtful_a of_o it_o how_o shall_v i_o know_v it_o the_o scripture_n you_o say_v affirm_v it_o as_o in_o the_o 59_o of_o isaiah_n my_o spirit_n that_o be_v in_o thou_o etc._n etc._n well_o i_o confess_v i_o find_v there_o these_o word_n but_o i_o be_o still_o doubtful_a whether_o they_o be_v speak_v of_o the_o church_n of_o christ_n and_o if_o they_o be_v whether_o they_o mean_v as_o you_o pretend_v you_o say_v the_o church_n say_v so_o which_o be_v infallible_a yea_o but_o that_o be_v the_o question_n and_o therefore_o not_o to_o be_v beg_v but_o prove_v neither_o be_v it_o so_o evident_a as_o to_o need_v no_o proof_n otherwise_o why_o bring_v you_o this_o text_n to_o prove_v it_o nor_o be_v it_o of_o such_o a_o strange_a quality_n above_o all_o other_o proposition_n as_o to_o be_v able_a to_o prove_v itself_o what_o then_o remain_v etc._n etc._n but_o universal_a tradition_n you_o say_v and_o so_o do_v i_o too_o be_v of_o itself_o credible_a and_o that_o have_v in_o all_o age_n teach_v the_o church_n infallibility_n with_o full_a consent_n but_o that_o it_o have_v i_o hope_v you_o will_v not_o have_v i_o take_v upon_o your_o word_n for_o that_o be_v to_o build_v myself_o upon_o the_o church_n and_o the_o church_n upon_o you_o let_v then_o the_o tradition_n appear_v for_o a_o secret_a tradition_n be_v somewhat_o like_o a_o silent_a thunder_n you_o will_v perhaps_o produce_v etc._n etc._n 2._o for_o answer_v hereto_o 1._o if_o mr._n chillingworth_n adversary_n have_v ground_v the_o doctrine_n of_o the_o church_n authority_n mere_o and_o only_o upon_o text_n of_o scripture_n capable_a of_o contrary_a sense_n there_o may_v have_v be_v just_a ground_n for_o mr._n chillingworth_n to_o have_v please_v himself_o as_o he_o oft_o do_v in_o insult_v thus_o on_o he_o and_o entangle_v he_o thus_o in_o his_o circle_n but_o mr._n chillingworth_n himself_o absolve_v he_o towards_o the_o latter_a end_n of_o the_o former_a passage_n where_o he_o say_v but_o universal_a tradition_n you_o say_v and_o so_o do_v i_o too_o be_v of_o itself_o credible_a and_o that_o have_v in_o all_o age_n teach_v the_o church_n infallibility_n etc._n etc._n whereby_o he_o show_v clear_o that_o his_o adversary_n though_o he_o serve_v himself_o as_o reasonable_o he_o may_v and_o aught_o of_o some_o text_n of_o scripture_n to_o fortify_v the_o traditionary_a doctrine_n of_o the_o church_n authority_n yet_o make_v not_o those_o text_n understand_v in_o his_o own_o sense_n his_o only_a foundation_n but_o universal_a tradition_n which_o be_v the_o proper_a foundation_n even_o of_o the_o credibility_n of_o scripture_n itself_o and_o therefore_o all_o mr._n chillingworth_n inference_n and_o retortion_n do_v not_o even_o in_o his_o own_o opinion_n