Selected quad for the lemma: ground_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
ground_n	angle_n	line_n	right_a	2,182	5	9.6733	4	true

Text snippets containing the quad

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A34843	The gentleman's recreation in four parts, viz. hunting, hawking, fowling, fishing : wherein these generous exercises are largely treated of, and the terms of art for hunting and hawking more amply enlarged than heretofore : whereto is prefixt a large sculpture, giving easie directions for blowing the horn, and other sculptures inserted proper to each recreation : with an abstract at the end of each subject of such laws as relate to the same.	Cox, Nicholas, fl. 1673-1721.; Langbaine, Gerard, 1656-1692. Hunter, a discourse in horsemanship.	1686 (1686)	Wing C6705; ESTC R33687	308,510	564

end leave about a yard either to tie a bunch of Flags or a Bladder to buoy up the Fish and to carry it from the ground The Bait must be a live fish either Dace Gudgeon Roach or small Trout The forked stick must have a slit in the one side of the Fork to put in the Line that he may set his live fish to swim at a gage that when a Pike taketh the Bait he may have the full liberty of the line for his feed He may turn these loose either in Pond or River in the Pond with the Wind all day long the more the better at night let him set some small weight that he may stay the Buoy till the Fish taketh it For the River he must turn all loose with the Stream the Hooks must be double the Shanks must be somewhat shorter then ordinary for the shorter the Hook is off the Shank without doubt it will less hurt the fish and it must be armed with small Wyre well softned but certainly a hook armed with twisted Silk is better If you arm your hook with Wyre the Needle must be made with an Eye then must he take one of those living Baits and with one of his Needles enter within a Straws breadth of the Gill of the Fish so pull the Needle betwixt the Skin and the Fish then pull the Needle out at the hindmost Fin and draw the Arming thorough the Fish until the Hook come to lie close to the Fishes Body having so done let him put off in Meere or pond with the Wind in the River with the Stream the more that he pulls off in Meere or Pond he is the likelier to have the greater Pastime There is a time when Pikes go a Frogging in Ditches and in the River to Sun them as in May June and July at these times you shall hardly miss one in twenty and thus must the Angler deal with them Let him take a Line of Seven or Eight foot and let him arm a large Hook of the largest size that is made and arm it to his Line let him lead the shank of his Hook neatly of such a weight that he may guide the Hook at his pleasure He may strike the Pike that he sees with the bare Hook where he pleases This Line and Hook doth far exceed Snaring In the taking of a Carp either in Pond or River if the Angler intends to add Profit to his Pleasure he must take a Peck of Ale-Grains and a good quantity of any Blood and mix the Grains together with which let him bait the Ground wherein he intends to Angle This feed will wonderfully attract the Scale-fish as Carp Tench Roach Dace and Bream In the Morning early let him prosecute his pastime plumbing his ground and Angling for a Carp with a strong Line the bait must be either paste or a knotted red Worm by this means he shall find sport enough In the Taking of a Trout with Ground-baits thus must the Angler do In the first place he must have a neat taper Rod light before with a tender Hazle top He may Angle with a single hair of five lengths one tied to the other for the bottom of the Line and a Line of three hair'd links for the upper part and so if he have room enough he may take the largest Trout that swims in the River He that angles with a line made of three hair'd links at the bottom and more at the top may take Trouts but he that Angles with one Hair shall take five Trouts to the others one For this Fish is very quick sighted therefore the Angler both day Night must keep out of sight He must Angle with the point of his Rod down the Stream He must begin to Angle in March with the Ground-baits all day long but if it prove clear and bright he must take the Morning and Evening or else his labour will be in vain He that Angles with Ground-baits must fit his Tackle to his Rod and begin at the upper end of the Stream carrying his Line with an upright hand feeling the Plummet running on the ground some ten Inches from the Hook plumbing his Line according to the swiftness of the Stream that he Angles in for one Plummet will not serve for all Streams For his Bait let him take the red knotted Worm which is very good where Brandlings are not to be had The Minnow or as some call it a Penk is a singular Bait for a Trout for he will come as boldly at it as a Mastiff-dog at a Bear It will be advantageous to him in his angling to use a Line made of three Silks and three Hairs twisted for the upper most part of the Line and two Silks and two Hairs twisted for the bottom next the Hook with a Swivel nigh to the middle of his Line with an indifferent large hook Let him bait his hook with a Minnow putting the hook through the lowermost part of his mouth so draw the Hook through then put the hook in at the mouth again and let the point of the hook come out at the hindmost Fin then let him draw his Line and the Minnows mouth will close that no Water will get into his Belly As I said before he must angle with the point of his Rod down the Stream drawing the Minnow up the Stream by little and little nigh the top of the Water the Trout seeing the bait will come most fiercely at it but the Angler must not then presently strike this is a true way without Lead for many times they will come to the Lead and forsake the Minnow The next direction is how to angle with a Fly for a Trout In the first place let the Angler fit himself with a Hazle of one piece or two set conveniently together light and pliable The lower part of his Line next the Fly must be of three or four hair'd Links but if he can attain as aforesaid to angle with a single Hair he shall meet with more profit and pleasure Before he begin to angle having the wind on his back let him try how far he can cast his Line or at what length his Fly and let him be careful that the Fly fall first on the Water for if any of the Line light upon the Water he had better to have stood still than to have thrown at all He must always cast down the Stream with the Wind behind and the Sun before him it is a great advantage to have either Sun or Moon before him March is the moneth for him to begin to angle with the Fly but if the Weather prove windy or cloudy there are several sorts of Palmers that are good at that time The first is a black Palmer ribbed with Silver The second a black Palmer with an Orange-tawny Body Thirdly a Palmer whose body is all black Lastly there is a red Palmer ribbed with Gold and a red Hackle mixed with Orange Cruel These Flies serve all the

fall between the starting of the Hare and time of hunting it is not convenient to hunt till the Water be dried up for the drops disperse the scent of the Hare and dry weather collecteth it again The Summer-time also is not for hunting because the heat of the weather consurneth the scent and the night being then but short the Hare travelleth not far feeding onely in the morning and evening besides the fragrancy of Flowers and Herbs then growing obliterates the scent the Hounds are guided by The best time for hunting with these Hounds is in Autumn because then the former Odours are weakned and the Earth barer than at other time These Hounds do not onely chase their Game while it liveth but being dead also by any manner of casualty make recourse to the place where it lieth having in this point an assured and infallible Guide namely the Scent and Savour of the Blood sprinkled here and there upon the ground for whether the Beast being wounded doth notwithstanding enjoy life and escapeth the hands of the Huntsman or whether the said Beast being slain is conveyed cleanly out of the Park so that there be some marks of bloodshed these Dogs with no less facility and easiness than avidity and greediness disclose and bewray the same by Smelling applying to their pursuit agility and nimbleness without tediousness for which consideration of a singular speciality they deserved to be called Sanguinarii Blood-Hounds And although a piece of flesh be subtilly stolen and cunningly conveyed away with such proviso's and precaveats as thereby all appearances of Bloud is thereby prevented or concealed yet these kind of Dogs by certain direction of an inward assured notice and private mark pursue these desperate Deer-stealers through craggy Ways and crooked Meanders till they have found them out yea so effectual is their foresight that they can discover separate and pick them out from an infinite multitude creep they never so far into the thickest throng they will find them out notwithstanding Of the GAZE-HOUND THis Dog is little beholding in Hunting to his Nose or Smelling but to sharpness of Sight altogether by the vertue whereof it makes excellent sport with the Fox and Hare This Dog will chuse and separate from amongst a great Flock or Herd and such a one will it take by election as is not lank or lean but full fat and round If a Beast be wounded and go astray this Dog will seek after it by the sreadfastness of the Eye if it happen to return and be mingled with the residue of the Herd this Dog will soon spy it out leaving the rest untouched and after he hath set sure sight upon it he separateth it from the company and having so done never ceaseth till he hath wearied it to death This Dog is called in Latine Agasaeus because the beams of the Sight are so stedfastly setled and unmoveably fastned These Dogs are much used in the Northern parts of England much more than in the Southern and on Champion ground rather than in bushy and woody places Horsemen use them more than Footmen If it happen so at any time that this Dog take a wrong way the Master making some usual signe and familiar token he returneth forthwith and taketh the right and ready course beginning his Ghase afresh and with a clear Voice and a swift Foot followeth the Game with as much courage and nimbleness as he did at the first Of the GREY-HOUND AMong the divers kinds of Hunting-dogs the Grey-hound by reason of his Swiftness Strength and Sagacity to follow and pursue his Game deserveth the first place for such are the conditions of this Dog as a Philosopher observeth that he is reasonably scented to find out speedy and quick of foot to follow and fierce and strong to take and overcome and yet silent coming upon his Prey at unawares according to the observation of Gratius Sic Canis illa suos taciturna supervenit hostes The best Grey-hound hath a long Body strong and reasonable great not so big as the Wolf-dog in Ireland a neat sharp Head and splendant Eyes a long Mouth and sharp Teeth little Ears and thin Gristles in them a straight Neck and a broad and strong Breast his fore Legs straight and short his hinder Legs long and straight broad Shoulders round Ribs fleshy Buttocks but not fat a long Tail strong and full of Sinews Thus Nemesian eloquently describes the best of Grey-hounds Sit cruribus altis Costarum sub fine decenter prona carinam Renibus ampla satis validis deductaque coras Sit rigid is multamque gerat sub pectore lato Quae sensim rursus ficca se collig at alvo Cuique nimis molles fluitent in cursibus Aures Elige tunc cursu facilem facilemque recursu Dum superant vires dum laeto flore juventus Of this kind that is always the best to be chosen among the Whelps which weigheth lightest for it will be soonest at the Game and so hang upon it hindering its swiftness till the stronger and heavier Dogs come to help and offer their assistance and therefore besides the marks or necessary good parts of a Grey-hound already spoken of it is requisite that he have large sides and a broad midriff that so he may take his breath in and out more easily his Belly must be small if otherwise it will hinder the swiftness of his course likewise he must have long Legs thin and soft Hairs And these must the Huntsman lead on his left hand if he be afoot and on the right if on Horse-back The best time to try them and train them to their Game is at twelve Months old yet some begin sooner with them that is at ten Months if they are Males and at eight if Females yet it is surest not to strain them or permit them to run a long Course till they be twenty Moneths old Keep them also in the Slip while they are abroad until they can see their Course and loosen not a young Dog until the Game have been on foot for a good season lest being over-greedy of the Prey he strain his limbs too much The Grey-hounds which are most in request among the Germans are called Windspil alluding to compare their swiftness with the Wind but the French make most account of those that are bred in the Mountains of Dalmatia or in any other Mountains especially of Turkie for such have hard Feet long Ears and bristle Tails The Grey-hound called by the Latins Leporarius hath his name from the word Gre which word soundeth Gradus in Latine in English Degree because among all Dogs these are the most principal having the chiefest place and being simply and absolutely the best of the gentle kind of Hounds Of the HARRIER and TERRIER THe Harrier in Latine is called Leverarius or Sagax by the Greeks Ichneuten of tracing or chasing by the Foot Nature hath endewed this Creature with an admirable gift of Smelling and is bold and courageous

on a Bank-side in swift Water in a Summers evening with a Hazel-top about five or six foot long and a Line twice the length of the Rod but the best way is with a Drabble that is tie eight or ten small Hooks along a Line two Inches above one another the biggest Hook the lowermost by which you may sometimes take a better Fish and bait them with Gentles Flies or small red Worms by which means you may take half a dozen or more at one time Of the BULL-HEAD or MILLER'S-THUMB THE Bull-head is a Fish which hath a broad Head and wide Mouth with two broad Fins near his Eyes and two Fins under his Belly instead of his Teeth his rough Lips assist him in nibbing at the bait He hath Fins also on his Back and one below the Vent and his Tail is round his Body being all over covered with whitish blackish and brownish spots They begin to spawn about April and are full of Spawn all the Summer-season The Bull-head's common habitation is in Holes or among Stones in clear Water in Summer but in the Winter he takes up his quarters with the Eel in the Mud So doth the Loach and Minnow or we cannot guess otherwise where their Winter-abode should be He is easily taken in the Summer for he is lazie and simple You may see him in hot weather lie Sunning himself on a flat Stone or gravelly Ground at which time you may put your Hook which must be baited with a small Worm very near the Mouth at which he seldom refuseth to bite so that the veriest bungling Angler may take him He is an excellent fish for tast but of so ill a shape that many women care not for dressing him he so much resembles a Toad Of the CHEVIN THE Chevin spawneth in March and is a very strong yet unactive fish yielding in a very little time after he is struck The larger he is the quieter he is taken As for his food he loveth all sorts of Worms and Flies also Cheese Grain black Worms slitting their Bellies that the white may appear he loveth to have his Bait large and variety of Baits at one Hook He delights very much in the Pith that grows in the bone of an Ox-back os which you must be careful in taking off the tough outward Skin without breaking the tender inward Skin Early in the Morning angle for your Chevin with Snails but choose some other Bait for him in the heat of the day for then he will not bite at them In the Afternoon fish for him at Ground or Flie. There is no Fly he loveth better than a great Moth with a great head whose Body is yellow with whitish Wings which is to be found commonly in Gardens about the Evening He will not stick sometimes to snap at a Lamprey Of the CHAR. I Could never read nor hear that the Char was taken any where but in a Mere in Lancashire called Winander-mere the largest according to report that is in the Kingdom of England being ten miles in length and as smooth as a Bowling-green at the bottom This Char is spotted like a Trout and its dimension seldome exceeds seventeen Inches or a foot and half This Fish is delicate food having scarce a Bone but what is on the Back Now since the place is so remote from London where these Chars are taken I shall for bear to trouble our City-Angler with Rules and Directions how to angle for him and pass to such Fish as are frequently found in every River here near adjacent Of the CHUB THis Fish hath several appellations for he is called a Chub a Chavender by the French by some a Villian by others a Cheven As for my part call him what you please I like him not for these reasons first he is full of small forked Bones dispersed every where throughout his Body next he eats very waterish and lastly this Fish is unfirm and in my opinion in a manner tasteless Of all fish he is the best to enter a young Angler for he is very easily taken however give me leave to prescribe you some more Rules than what I have already shewn in the Angling for the Cheven which is the same with the Chub or Chavender You must find out some hole where you shall have twenty or more of them together in a hot day floating almost on the very surface of the water let your Rod be long and strong and your Line not above a yard or two long very strong and an indifferent large Hook then bait your Hook with a Grashopper bob your Grashopper up and down one the top of the water and if there be any Chub near he will rise but so abscond your self that you may not be seen for he is a very fearful fish and therefore the least shadow will make him sink to the bottom of the water yet he will rise again suddainly this is called Bobing Having baited your Hook drop it gently some two foot before that Chub you have elected by your eye to be the best and fairest and he will instantly bite greedily thereat and be held so fast by reason of his Leather-mouth that he can seldom break his hold and therefore you may do well to give him play enough and so tire him otherwise you may endanger your Line If you cannot find a Grashopper then bait your Hook with any kind of Fly or Worm as I said before as Dors Beetles Bobs Cod or Case-worms When you fish for the Chub with a Fly Grashopper or Beetle it must be at the top of the water if with other baits underneath In March and April angle for your Chub with Worms in May June and July with Flies Snails or Cherries Where note he will rarely refuse a Grashopper on the top of a swift Stream nor at the bottom the young Humble-bee In August September c. make use of a Paste made of Parmisan or Holland cheese pounded with Saffron in a Mortar adding thereunto a little Butter Others make a Paste of Cheese and Turpentine for the Winter-season at which time the Chub is in his prime for then his forked Bones are either lost or converted into a Gristle and he is excellent meat baked In hot weather angle for him in the middle of the water or near the top thereof but in cold weather fish for him near the bottom To finish all other discourse of this Chub Cheven or Chavender I shall only say that his Spawn is excellent and if he be large the Head when the Throat is well washt is the best part of the Fish Of the CARP IT is confess'd by all that the Carp is the Queen of all Fresh-water-fish being not only a good but subtile fish and living longest of all fish excepting the Ecl out of his proper Element Those that die soonest are Herrings for salt-water and for fresh-water Trouts Carps are observed to breed several Months in one year and for this reason you shall hardly