two_o several_a demonstration_n the_o first_o shall_v be_v as_o before_o be_v speak_v of_o when_o the_o rear_n of_o the_o camp_n be_v secure_v by_o some_o great_a river_n or_o arm_n of_o the_o sea_n the_o second_o a_o square_a incampment_n upon_o the_o champion_n where_o no_o natural_a strength_n can_v afford_v we_o help_v for_o the_o first_o of_o these_o two_o when_o the_o place_n afford_v such_o natural_a strength_n that_o the_o rear_n of_o the_o army_n may_v be_v secure_v by_o some_o river_n or_o arm_n of_o the_o sea_n provide_v always_o that_o the_o enemy_n can_v come_v with_o ship_v to_o annoy_v you_o the_o front_n of_o this_o camp_n must_v be_v towards_o the_o enemy_n where_o a_o certain_a brest-work_n must_v be_v raise_v four_o or_o five_o foot_n high_a upon_o the_o most_o eminent_a ground_n and_o about_o the_o same_o breadth_n the_o ditch_n about_o six_o foot_n broad_a and_o four_o foot_n deep_a this_o must_v run_v if_o the_o ground_n will_v give_v leave_n with_o some_o nook_n and_o angle_n the_o better_a to_o flanker_n some_o part_n of_o this_o entrenchment_n as_o by_o the_o follow_a figure_n you_o may_v perceive_v mark_v a._n from_o this_o brest-work_n inward_o into_o the_o camp_n must_v be_v a_o space_n leave_v sixty_o or_o eighty_o pace_n broad_a if_o the_o conveniency_n of_o the_o ground_n will_v give_v way_n for_o the_o soldier_n to_o draw_v into_o battalion_n or_o to_o parado_n in_o mark_v o._n in_o the_o next_o place_n mark_v b._n every_o captain_n and_o colonel_n be_v to_o have_v their_o hutes_n or_o tent_n stand_v in_o a_o even_a line_n viz._n every_o colonel_n before_o the_o head_n of_o his_o own_o company_n be_v quarter_v upon_o the_o right_a hand_n of_o his_o regiment_n and_o each_o captain_n successive_o according_a to_o their_o antiquity_n in_o the_o next_o place_n there_o be_v a_o space_n eight_o pace_n broad_a mark_v with_o the_o letter_n c._n this_o be_v for_o the_o chief_a street_n and_o run_v in_o a_o even_a line_n from_o one_o side_n of_o the_o quarter_n to_o the_o other_o from_o this_o chief_a street_n downward_o towards_o the_o rear_n of_o the_o quarter_n be_v the_o inferior_a officer_n and_o soldier_n to_o be_v quarter_v as_o at_o the_o letter_n d._n and_o in_o this_o be_v divers_a thing_n to_o be_v consider_v as_o first_o the_o street_n which_o go_v down_o between_o the_o hute_n aught_o to_o be_v ten_o foot_n broad_a and_o four_o hundred_o foot_n deep_a in_o regard_n each_o hute_n be_v to_o be_v eight_o foot_n square_a broad_a and_o in_o every_o hute_fw-ge two_o soldier_n be_v to_o be_v lodge_v so_o that_o upon_o each_o side_n of_o the_o way_n there_o be_v to_o be_v fifty_o hute_n build_v which_o be_v to_o hold_v a_o hundred_o soldier_n upon_o a_o side_n at_o the_o top_n of_o the_o street_n upon_o the_o right_a hand_n be_v the_o lieutenant_n cabin_n who_o be_v to_o be_v allow_v twelve_o foot_n and_o upon_o the_o left_a hand_n be_v the_o ensign_n cabin_n order_n of_o the_o same_o bigness_n the_o sergeant_n be_v to_o have_v upon_o each_o side_n their_o cabin_n in_o the_o rear_n of_o the_o quarter_n thus_o a_o company_n of_o two_o hundred_o be_v convenient_o quarter_v in_o the_o rear_n of_o these_o hutes_n be_v another_o street_n or_o space_n of_o ground_n which_o run_v from_o one_o side_n of_o the_o quarter_n to_o the_o other_o mark_v e._n be_v six_o pace_n wide_a upon_o the_o foremost_a side_n of_o which_o be_v the_o sutler_n butcher_n and_o shopkeeper_n behind_o these_o be_v a_o waste_a place_n next_o the_o water_n for_o the_o off_o all_o filth_n and_o draff_n to_o be_v convey_v away_o as_o you_o may_v perceive_v at_o g._n the_o space_n or_o distance_n of_o ground_n which_o be_v betwixt_o regiment_n and_o regiment_n aught_o to_o be_v twenty_o or_o thirty_o foot_n broad_a as_o you_o may_v see_v at_o h._n the_o general_n ought_v to_o have_v his_o tent_n in_o the_o midst_n of_o all_o the_o quarter_n and_o the_o colonel_n according_a to_o their_o dignity_n upon_o each_o hand_n of_o his_o pavilion_n the_o passage_n into_o the_o campare_n to_o be_v place_v in_o the_o most_o convenient_a place_n and_o strong_a port_n make_v to_o open_a and_o shut_v at_o pleasure_n as_o you_o may_v perceive_v at_o i._o also_o if_o need_n require_v there_o may_v be_v postern_n passage_n make_v in_o divers_a place_n of_o the_o brest-work_n for_o single_a person_n to_o go_v in_o and_o out_o with_o a_o turnpike_n to_o secure_v it_o as_o at_o k._n the_o ordnance_n be_v to_o be_v place_v in_o a_o half_a moon_n make_v next_o the_o waterside_n in_o the_o most_o convenient_a place_n of_o the_o camp_n the_o residue_n may_v be_v place_v either_o upon_o the_o brest-work_n or_o else_o before_o the_o halfmoon_n as_o at_o l._n view_v the_o figure_n follow_v and_o at_o m._n be_v the_o bridge_n for_o the_o army_n to_o pass_v over_o the_o river_n the_o other_o manner_n of_o fortify_v a_o camp_n be_v now_o to_o be_v discourse_v of_o describe_v the_o lord_n high_a marshal_n have_v make_v choice_n of_o a_o place_n convenient_a be_v attend_v by_o the_o quartermaster_n general_n and_o the_o inferior_a quarter-master_n about_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o ground_n where_o you_o intend_v to_o incamp_v set_v up_o the_o general_n standard_n and_o about_o the_o same_o stake_n out_o a_o square_a place_n of_o ground_n for_o the_o general_n pavilion_n forty_o pace_n square_a direct_o from_o this_o towards_o the_o north_n run_v one_o main_a street_n forty_o pace_n broad_a which_o divide_v the_o horse-camp_n from_o the_o foot-camp_n and_o on_o either_o side_n of_o the_o general_n tent_n run_v two_o other_o cross_a way_n thirty_o pace_n in_o breadth_n which_o divide_v the_o arm_a soldier_n from_o the_o pioner_n and_o wagon_n these_o two_o way_n embrace_v two_o long_a square_n of_o ground_n forty_o pace_n broad_a and_o five_o hundred_o and_o fifty_o pace_n long_o apiece_o these_o may_v either_o of_o they_o be_v divide_v into_o five_o lodging_n of_o a_o hundred_o pace_n in_o length_n and_o forty_o in_o breadth_n leave_v between_o they_o certain_a passage_n of_o ten_o pace_n in_o breadth_n so_o that_o the_o soldier_n upon_o every_o sudden_a alarm_n may_v the_o more_o ready_o repair_v to_o the_o place_n of_o assembly_n one_o of_o the_o lodging_n next_o the_o general_n tent_n be_v appoint_v for_o the_o high_a marshal_n and_o his_o retinue_n and_o the_o other_o on_o the_o other_o side_n for_o the_o treasurer_n the_o rest_n may_v be_v assign_v at_o the_o marshal_n discretion_n to_o the_o other_o officer_n of_o the_o field_n and_o for_o such_o nobleman_n and_o gentleman_n voluntire_n as_o follow_v the_o war_n at_o their_o own_o charge_n in_o the_o north-east_n quarter_n of_o the_o camp_n be_v the_o horseman_n lodge_v in_o the_o northwest_o the_o footman_n either_o of_o these_o camp_n be_v divide_v into_o three_o part_n by_o street_n run_v east_n and_o west_n these_o street_n be_v twenty_o pace_n in_o breadth_n and_o five_o hundred_o and_o eighty_o pace_n long_o in_o every_o of_o these_o three_o space_n of_o the_o foot-camp_n be_v lodge_v a_o regiment_n of_o 10000_o man_n and_o in_o the_o hors-camp_n the_o middlemost_a of_o they_o shall_v serve_v for_o 1500._o lance_n or_o curassier_n with_o their_o beedets_n the_o north_n space_n for_o the_o harquebuzier_n on_o the_o other_o side_n of_o this_o street_n be_v the_o lodging_n assign_v for_o the_o colonel_n of_o every_o regiment_n and_o their_o officer_n every_o space_n be_v thirty_o pace_n broad_a and_o one_o hundred_o and_o seaventy_n long_o by_o these_o character_n follow_v you_o may_v understand_v the_o description_n of_o this_o camp_n the_o better_a as_o in_o the_o figure_n follow_v a._n stand_v for_o the_o captain_n of_o the_o harquebuzier_n b._n for_o the_o captain_n of_o the_o lance_n or_o curassier_n and_o c._n for_o the_o residue_n of_o the_o carbine_n and_o dragon_n likewise_o d_o e_o f._n be_v the_o place_n for_o the_o leader_n of_o three_o principal_a regiment_n of_o footman_n the_o which_o be_v to_o be_v distingunish_v by_o their_o antiquity_n or_o by_o the_o usual_a name_n of_o vanguard_n battle_n and_o rear-ward_n the_o vanguard_n lie_v next_o to_o the_o general_n tent_n and_o answer_n to_o the_o harquebuzier_n the_o battle_n answer_v to_o the_o curassier_n and_o the_o rear-ward_n to_o the_o residue_n of_o the_o carbine_n and_o dragon_n every_o of_o these_o principal_a regiment_n you_o may_v if_o you_o please_v divide_v again_o into_o five_o small_a regiment_n by_o street_n of_o ten_o pace_n broad_a run_v north_n and_o south_n so_o have_v you_o fifteen_o less_o regiment_n in_o the_o foot-camp_n and_o five_o apiece_o in_o every_o of_o the_o horse-camp_n and_o every_o of_o these_o regiment_n be_v one_o hundred_o pace_n broad_a and_o one_o hundred_o and_o seventy_o pace_n in_o length_n and_o shall_v contain_v every_o of_o
be_v to_o make_v incursion_n upon_o the_o enemy_n and_o to_o discover_v his_o march_n and_o design_n moreover_o there_o must_v be_v good_a store_n of_o ordnance_n service_n especial_o some_o piece_n for_o they_o will_v be_v able_a to_o do_v better_a servive_fw-la than_o the_o great_a canon_n in_o two_o respect_n as_o first_o the_o expense_n of_o powder_n will_v be_v less_o second_o they_o be_v easy_a to_o be_v remove_v from_o place_n to_o place_n as_o occasion_n shall_v be_v offer_v the_o well_o manage_v and_o ordering_n in_o such_o a_o fort_n be_v of_o great_a consequence_n for_o we_o must_v conceive_v a_o enemy_n be_v at_o three_o time_n the_o expense_n let_v he_o be_v as_o provident_a as_o he_o can_v further_o the_o enemy_n be_v constrain_v to_o lose_v his_o time_n and_o spend_v his_o mean_n and_o treasure_n by_o bring_v a_o army_n against_o they_o which_o shall_v either_o cause_v they_o to_o raise_v their_o siege_n as_o grave_a maurice_n van_n nassaw_n do_v at_o the_o siege_n of_o bergen-up-zone_n he_o march_v his_o army_n to_o rosandâ—ll_v cause_v marquesse_n spinola_n to_o raise_v his_o siege_n otherwise_o a_o great_a advantage_n may_v be_v take_v as_o the_o same_o noble_a prince_n once_o do_v ost-end_n be_v beleaguer_v he_o think_v to_o have_v raise_v the_o siege_n of_o duke_n john_n de_fw-fr austria_n find_v he_o so_o strong_o entrench_v retreat_v with_o his_o army_n and_o pitch_v before_o sluice_n and_o sudden_o take_v it_o thus_o you_o may_v see_v the_o property_n of_o a_o strong_a garrison_n how_o necessary_a they_o be_v in_o all_o respect_n such_o imperfection_n as_o can_v be_v eschew_v must_v be_v bear_v withal_o seek_v to_o prevent_v they_o in_o the_o best_a and_o safe_a manner_n we_o may_v i_o hope_v this_o discourse_n will_v give_v a_o reasonable_a satisfaction_n to_o any_o man_n that_o be_v a_o ingenuous_a soldier_n as_o for_o other_o i_o leave_v they_o to_o censure_v like_o themselves_o in_o the_o follow_a chapter_n we_o will_v discourse_v of_o the_o diversity_n of_o modern_a fortification_n chap._n xxvi_o of_o four_o kind_n of_o fortify_v now_o in_o use_n french_a spanish_a italian_a and_o holland_n and_o first_o of_o the_o manner_n of_o fortify_v in_o france_n have_v former_o speak_v of_o the_o first_o invention_n of_o fortification_n and_o how_o they_o have_v be_v reduce_v from_o imperfect_a to_o better_a form_n but_o because_o all_o man_n opinion_n and_o judgement_n be_v various_a and_o not_o a_o like_o assent_v one_o esteem_v one_o fashion_n to_o be_v best_a and_o other_o of_o a_o quite_o contrary_a conceit_n maintain_v that_o another_o form_n be_v better_a therefore_o principal_o i_o have_v make_v choice_n to_o discourse_v of_o and_o decipher_v these_o four_o kind_n of_o fortifying_n and_o the_o rather_o because_o these_o country_n lie_v open_a to_o their_o enemy_n have_v be_v very_o ingenuous_a to_o fortify_v their_o town_n for_o their_o better_a security_n very_o strong_o for_o in_o such_o place_n there_o be_v nothing_o of_o great_a consequence_n belong_v to_o state_n affair_n than_o a_o absolute_a form_n in_o fortify_v and_o in_o discourse_v of_o their_o several_a invention_n we_o will_v compare_v the_o property_n and_o improperty_n of_o they_o together_o and_o so_o follow_v the_o best_a form_n and_o eschew_v the_o worst_a fortification_n the_o french_a be_v opinionate_a the_o face_n of_o the_o bulworke_n shall_v be_v defend_v by_o musketeer_n therefore_o they_o will_v not_o have_v the_o defence_n of_o the_o flank_n to_o the_o point_n of_o the_o bulworke_n to_o be_v of_o great_a distance_n than_o musket-shot_a which_o be_v not_o above_o 120._o pace_n pace_n likewise_o they_o will_v have_v the_o defence_n of_o the_o bulworke_n to_o be_v take_v only_o from_o the_o flank_n the_o reason_n be_v because_o the_o angle_n of_o the_o point_n of_o the_o bulworke_n be_v more_o obtuse_a then_o if_o they_o shall_v take_v the_o defence_n from_o the_o curtin_n and_o so_o consequent_o more_o firm_a and_o strong_a for_o to_o resist_v the_o battery_n they_o will_v likewise_o have_v a_o good_a mote_n with_o a_o kind_n of_o parapet_n run_v in_o the_o midst_n of_o it_o which_o between_o the_o two_o bulwark_n have_v a_o kind_n of_o work_n for_o soldier_n to_o defend_v the_o breach_n of_o the_o flank_n which_o they_o term_v cune_n this_o mote_n be_v to_o be_v full_a of_o water_n at_o deusbrough_n in_o gelderland_n they_o raise_v in_o the_o mote_n in_o the_o equal_a distance_n between_o the_o bulwork_n only_o a_o kind_n of_o half_a moon_n extend_v itself_o like_a to_o this_o figure_n these_o kind_n of_o work_n they_o hold_v very_o necessary_a to_o prevent_v a_o enemy_n from_o any_o sudden_a surprise_v by_o lay_v over_o bridge_n or_o come_v over_o in_o leather_n boat_n a_o continual_a watch_n be_v keep_v there_o prevent_v their_o design_n the_o figure_n follow_v chap._n xxvii_o how_o the_o french_a fortify_v their_o irregular_a figure_n upon_o a_o line_n of_o 100_o toise_n they_o will_v have_v form_v a_o single_a tenaille_n upon_o a_o line_n of_o 100_o or_o 150._o toise_n foot_n they_o will_v have_v raise_v two_o bastion_n upon_o a_o line_n of_o a_o 150._o or_o 200._o toise_n they_o raise_v a_o double_a tenaille_n or_o two_o half_a bulwork_n upon_o a_o line_n of_o 250._o toise_n they_o raise_v one_o bastion_n and_o two_o half_a bastion_n for_o better_a demonstration_n of_o this_o we_o will_v suppose_v a_o irregular_a piece_n of_o ground_n to_o be_v fortify_v as_o q_o r_o s_o t_o v_o and_o in_o regard_n no_o ground_n be_v to_o be_v lose_v we_o must_v first_o consider_v all_o the_o several_a measure_n at_o the_o out-most_a side_n of_o it_o and_o first_o draw_v a_o right_a line_n as_o a_o b_o of_o 250._o toise_n and_o upon_o the_o same_o line_n follow_v these_o precedent_a rule_n they_o raise_v there_o one_o bastion_n and_o two_o half_n take_v from_o the_o octagon_n look_v at_o the_o point_n a._n likewise_o from_o the_o point_n a_o draw_v a_o line_n from_o a._n p_o of_o 150._o toise_n or_o thereabouts_o upon_o the_o which_o they_o raise_v two_o half_a bastion_n then_o draw_v the_o line_n p_o o_o upon_o the_o which_o they_o raise_v one_o bastion_n and_o two_o half_n according_a as_o the_o first_o be_v and_o also_o as_o the_o line_n o_o x_o have_v and_o also_o of_o all_o the_o rest_n according_a as_o they_o shall_v find_v the_o length_n or_o distance_n many_o time_n they_o desire_v the_o wall_n of_o the_o town_n shall_v be_v secure_v from_o the_o curtin_n next_o after_o this_o follow_a figure_n i_o shall_v draw_v another_o figure_n that_o shall_v demonstrate_v that_o kind_n of_o flank_v from_o the_o curtin_n moreover_o when_o your_o french_a engineere_n fortify_v a_o irregulrr_n figure_n and_o that_o the_o line_n of_o defence_n be_v to_o be_v take_v from_o the_o curtain_n then_o suppose_v the_o place_n to_o be_v fortify_v to_o be_v b_o a_o p_o l_o n_o m._n o_o and_o that_o the_o wall_n be_v set_v in_o the_o outmost_a verge_n of_o the_o ground_n must_v serve_v for_o the_o curtine_n whole_o the_o figure_n be_v proportion_v as_o you_o see_v the_o next_o follow_v be_v they_o draw_v a_o line_n from_o c_o d_o e_o f_o of_o 400._o toise_n where_o they_o find_v there_o must_v be_v raise_v upon_o the_o same_o line_n one_o bastion_n and_o two_o half_n and_o one_o simple_a tenaille_n viz._n the_o bastion_n e_o the_o two_o half_a one_o d_o and_o f_o and_o the_o single_a tenaille_n d_o c_o and_o have_v draw_v the_o line_n round_o the_o town_n leave_v sufficient_a distance_n between_o the_o wall_n for_o to_o raise_v the_o bastion_n then_o they_o take_v the_o space_n of_o 100_o or_o 110._o toise_n from_o the_o flank_n of_o one_o bulworke_n to_o the_o point_n of_o the_o other_o thus_o every_o bastion_n will_v stand_v right_a within_o musket-shot_a to_o be_v defend_v as_o the_o regular_a figure_n be_v this_o they_o use_v only_o for_o the_o fortify_v of_o some_o old_a wall_n in_o haste_n and_o without_o much_o charge_n otherwise_o a_o rampart_n may_v be_v raise_v of_o earth_n and_o these_o work_v make_v to_o it_o the_o figure_n follow_v chap._n xxviii_o the_o manner_n of_o the_o spaniard_n fortify_v the_o manner_n of_o the_o spaniard_n fortify_v differ_v nothing_o from_o the_o french_a for_o they_o hold_v the_o same_o rule_n viz._n they_o take_v their_o defence_n from_o the_o flank_n and_o they_o observe_v the_o same_o distance_n from_o the_o flank_n to_o the_o point_n of_o the_o bulworke_n only_o they_o use_v great_a compass_v shoulder_n to_o cover_v their_o flank_n as_o you_o may_v perceive_v by_o the_o figure_n follow_v mark_v a._n note_v that_o he_o that_o intend_v to_o fortify_v must_v have_v a_o special_a regard_n to_o the_o matter_n he_o intend_v to_o put_v in_o execution_n and_o to_o the_o potency_n of_o his_o enemy_n to_o the_o end_n he_o may_v apply_v
57_o 33_o 549_o 56_o 34_o 552_o 55_o 35_o 558_o 54_o 36_o 562_o 53_o 37_o 568_o 52_o 38_o 573_o 51_o 39_o 477_o 50_o 40_o 580_o 49_o 41_o 582_o 48_o 42_o 583_o 47_o 43_o 584_o 46_o 44_o 582_o 45_o 582_o now_o for_o the_o mount_a your_o piece_n to_o any_o of_o these_o degree_n it_o be_v not_o so_o proper_a to_o put_v the_o ruler_n of_o the_o quadrant_n into_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o piece_n in_o regard_n there_o may_v be_v error_n because_o many_o of_o these_o kind_n be_v taper-bored_n or_o gale_v at_o the_o mouth_n to_o rectify_v this_o your_o gunner_n have_v invent_v a_o very_a apt_a instrument_n frame_v after_o this_o manner_n first_o there_o be_v a_o ruler_n of_o 18_o inch_n in_o length_n at_o the_o middle_a point_n or_o prick_v thereof_o must_v be_v another_o short_a ruler_n frame_v artificial_o above_o a_o foot_n long_o join_v close_o and_o fall_v perpendicular_o on_o the_o middle_a point_n of_o the_o long_a ruler_n who_o contain_v angle_n light_v just_o on_o the_o middle_a point_n of_o the_o long_a ruler_n from_o which_o point_n be_v draw_v by_o art_n the_o 1_o â—_o part_n of_o a_o circle_n and_o divide_v into_o 45_o equal_a division_n or_o degree_n so_o as_o the_o 90_o degree_n stand_v just_a on_o the_o centre_n or_o middle_a point_n of_o the_o long_a rule_n the_o use_n of_o it_o be_v thus_o by_o lay_v the_o long_a rule_n across_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o piece_n you_o shall_v immediate_o perceive_v at_o what_o degree_n the_o say_a mortar_n piece_n be_v elevate_v by_o the_o plumb-line_n the_o piece_n be_v mount_v at_o any_o grave_n above_o 45_o observe_v the_o figure_n and_o for_o to_o conclude_v this_o chapter_n remit_v all_o further_a circumstance_n we_o will_v only_o take_v notice_n of_o another_o table_n which_o vffanio_n have_v likewise_o calculate_v for_o a_o mortar_n piece_n to_o shoot_v thereby_o fit_v to_o the_o 12_o point_n of_o the_o gunner_n quadrant_n as_o you_o may_v perceive_v thus_o have_v run_v over_o such_o rule_n and_o example_n as_o i_o conceive_v most_o apt_a and_o necessary_a for_o the_o true_a level_v of_o ordnance_n it_o now_o only_o remain_v in_o the_o chapter_n follow_v to_o take_v a_o view_n of_o such_o rule_n and_o instrument_n as_o be_v most_o proper_a and_o commodious_a for_o the_o take_n of_o height_n and_o distance_n without_o the_o which_o it_o be_v impossible_a ever_o to_o accomplish_v any_o design_n belong_v to_o this_o art_n of_o gunnerie_n or_o to_o the_o art_n of_o myne_v wherefore_o be_v please_v to_o take_v a_o survey_n of_o the_o subsequent_a chapter_n point_n pace_n 0_o 100_o 1_o 24_o 2_o 377_o 3_o 468_o 4_o 534_o 5_o 570_o 6_o 583_o 7_o 566_o 8_o 532_o 9_o 468_o 10_o 377_o 11_o 243_o 12_o 0â—0_n chap._n lii_o the_o description_n of_o such_o instrument_n with_o the_o best_a select_a rule_n which_o have_v be_v invent_v and_o practise_v for_o the_o take_n of_o height_n and_o distance_n whereby_o a_o gunner_n may_v make_v his_o shot_n at_o more_o certainty_n it_o be_v one_o of_o the_o most_o 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reference_n to_o the_o precedent_a figure_n of_o the_o quadrant_n and_o then_o i_o shall_v indeavoure_n to_o describe_v those_o part_n of_o it_o that_o serve_v for_o our_o purpose_n wherefore_o observe_v as_o i_o have_v say_v in_o the_o figure_n that_o from_o the_o centre_n a_o there_o be_v a_o line_n draw_v aslope_o call_v the_o hipothenusall_n line_n which_o come_v to_o the_o corner_n c._n upon_o which_o if_o the_o plumbline_n fall_v upon_o the_o centre_n a_o look_v through_o the_o sight_n of_o and_o withal_o behold_v the_o extreme_n or_o high_a part_n of_o any_o altitude_n note_v than_o the_o distance_n from_o the_o middle_a part_n of_o your_o foot_n to_o the_o base_a thereof_o be_v the_o just_a height_n of_o the_o say_a altitude_n add_v thereto_o the_o height_n from_o your_o eye_n but_o if_o the_o plumb-line_n fall_v on_o the_o line_n a._n b._n then_o that_o mark_v you_o view_v through_o the_o visual_a sight_n of_o be_v of_o equal_a height_n or_o level_v with_o your_o eye_n now_o the_o square_a line_n or_o scale_n which_o extend_v itself_o from_o b_o to_z c_z and_o from_o c_z to_z d_o be_v divide_v into_o 12_o equal_a part_n and_o if_o it_o be_v divide_v into_o 90_o or_o a_o 100_o division_n or_o ten_o time_n as_o many_o the_o better_a it_o be_v for_o the_o use_n of_o shadow_n length_n and_o height_n now_o by_o the_o way_n forget_v not_o to_o remember_v that_o the_o side_n c_o d_o be_v call_v the_o right_a shadow_n and_o this_o serve_v to_o measure_v all_o the_o height_n with_o the_o length_n thereof_o but_o the_o side_n b_o c_o be_v of_o contrary_a shadow_n and_o that_o serve_v to_o measure_v all_o height_n without_o the_o length_n thereof_o the_o rule_n we_o have_v describe_v the_o use_n of_o it_o in_o page_n 125._o now_o suppose_v we_o be_v to_o take_v the_o height_n of_o a_o castle_n wall_n of_o a_o fort_n or_o any_o other_o altitude_n aproachable_a first_o we_o must_v approach_n as_o near_o to_o the_o object_n that_o we_o guess_v we_o be_v near_o about_o the_o length_n of_o the_o height_n of_o the_o same_o than_o set_v your_o quadrant_a to_o your_o eye_n look_v through_o your_o visual_a sight_n behold_v the_o extreme_a or_o high_a part_n of_o the_o altitude_n then_o move_v too_o and_o from_o the_o same_o until_o the_o thread_n and_o plummet_n cut_v or_o fall_v upon_o the_o part_n 12_o of_o right_a shadow_n then_o measure_v how_o far_o it_o be_v from_o the_o middle_a part_n of_o your_o foot_n to_o the_o base_a of_o the_o say_a altitude_n you_o have_v the_o just_a height_n of_o that_o altitude_n only_o add_v the_o height_n from_o the_o ground_n to_o your_o eye_n you_o may_v further_o find_v out_o any_o upright_a height_n with_o the_o length_n thereof_o both_o by_o the_o shadow_n and_o without_o shadow_n if_o the_o ground_n be_v plain_a wherefore_o you_o must_v approach_n as_o near_o to_o the_o base_a or_o foot_n of_o the_o altitude_n that_o the_o plumbline_n may_v fall_v on_o the_o part_n of_o right_a shadow_n then_o measure_v the_o distance_n from_o the_o midst_n of_o your_o foot_n to_o the_o base_a thereof_o multiply_v the_o measure_n by_o 12_o add_v thereunto_o the_o height_n to_o your_o eye_n from_o the_o ground_n and_o you_o have_v the_o true_a altitude_n or_o let_v the_o sun_n beam_n pierce_v through_o the_o vissuall_a sight_n the_o plumb-line_n fall_v at_o liberty_n upon_o that_o part_n of_o right-shadow_n then_o measure_v as_o before_o be_v show_v and_o multiply_v that_o measure_n by_o 12_o and_o divide_v by_o the_o part_n whereon_o the_o plumb-line_n cut_v the_o quotient_n will_v tell_v you_o the_o true_a height_n of_o the_o same_o altitude_n and_o note_v this_o for_o a_o general_a rule_n shadow_n that_o upon_o what_o part_n of_o right_a shadow_n the_o plumb-line_n cut_v if_o you_o measure_v the_o height_n or_o altitude_n it_o will_v prove_v more_o than_o the_o shadow_n by_o such_o proportion_n as_o 12_o exceed_v the_o part_n or_o division_n of_o the_o scale_n where_o the_o plumb-line_n point_v unto_o 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be_v show_v if_o this_o posture_n be_v to_o be_v perform_v march_v your_o pike_n be_v shoulder_v then_o first_o step_n forward_o with_o your_o right_a foot_n and_o let_v your_o left_a hand_n receive_v the_o pike_n and_o equal_a distance_n from_o your_o right_a hand_n towards_o the_o butt-end_n of_o the_o same_o raise_v your_o pike_n forward_o with_o your_o right_a hand_n from_o your_o shoulder_n then_o at_o the_o same_o instant_n step_v forward_o with_o your_o left_a foot_n and_o receive_v the_o butt-end_n of_o the_o pike_n with_o your_o right_a hand_n just_a behind_o the_o side_n of_o your_o right_a thigh_n but_o to_o perform_v this_o posture_n â—rooping_a and_o your_o pike_n advance_v then_o you_o be_v only_o to_o step_v forward_o with_o your_o left_a foot_n and_o with_o a_o little_a shogge_n of_o the_o shoulder_n and_o draw_v back_o the_o butt-end_n of_o your_o pike_n in_o your_o right_a hand_n will_v cause_v the_o pike_n to_o fall_v forward_o where_o your_o left_a hand_n be_v at_o the_o instant_a to_o be_v ready_a to_o receive_v it_o between_o the_o thumb_n and_o the_o forefinger_n at_o a_o convenient_a distance_n charge_v to_o the_o horse_n note_v in_o charge_v to_o the_o horse_n it_o have_v be_v in_o former_a age_n use_v to_o place_v the_o butt-end_n of_o your_o pike_n in_o the_o ground_n by_o the_o inside_n of_o your_o right_a foot_n and_o so_o to_o draw_v your_o sword_n over_o your_o left_a arm_n and_o divers_a rank_n of_o musquetier_n place_v to_o shoot_v over_o their_o head_n behind_o they_o no_o question_n it_o be_v a_o very_a good_a way_n for_o your_o bow-pike_n but_o the_o former_a charge_v be_v most_o in_o use_n charge_v to_o the_o rear_n you_o may_v by_o the_o precedent_a posture_n conceive_v how_o to_o charge_v your_o pike_n either_o to_o the_o right_n or_o left_a hand_n but_o for_o the_o charge_v to_o the_o rear_n the_o pike_n be_v either_o shoulder_v or_o advance_v be_v somewhat_o difficult_a therefore_o you_o may_v please_v to_o observe_v that_o 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company_n to_o use_v in_o march_v through_o a_o port_n or_o gate_n and_o most_o ready_a for_o to_o charge_n upon_o a_o sudden_a check_v your_o pike_n this_o posture_n be_v to_o be_v perform_v at_o three_o motion_n first_o if_o your_o pike_n be_v shoulder_v you_o be_v to_o raise_v it_o with_o your_o right_a hand_n from_o your_o shoulder_n and_o with_o a_o tick_n of_o your_o left_a hand_n you_o be_v to_o convey_v the_o butt-end_n of_o it_o by_o your_o right_a side_n then_o thrust_v back_o your_o right_n with_o the_o pike_n in_o it_o so_o far_o as_o convenient_o may_v be_v you_o be_v to_o take_v a_o fathom_n with_o your_o left_a hand_n as_o far_o towards_o the_o spear_n end_n of_o the_o pike_n as_o possible_o you_o may_v then_o convey_v the_o pike_n in_o your_o left_a hand_n baackward_o as_o before_o you_o be_v again_o with_o your_o right_a hand_n to_o take_v another_o fathom_n within_o a_o foot_n of_o your_o pike_n end_n last_o step_v forward_o with_o your_o left_a foot_n you_o bring_v your_o left_a hand_n withal_o which_o receive_v the_o pike_n within_o a_o quarter_n of_o a_o foot_n of_o the_o spear_n end_n provide_v always_o that_o in_o all_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o hand_n you_o suffer_v not_o the_o butt-end_n to_o touch_v the_o ground_n until_o you_o have_v check_v it_o with_o your_o left_a hand_n pike_n as_o you_o be_v trail_v your_o pike_n this_o posture_n be_v perform_v after_o you_o have_v use_v the_o circumstance_n in_o check_v as_o in_o the_o precedent_a posture_n be_v show_v by_o bring_v up_o your_o right_a foot_n even_o with_o your_o left_a and_o by_o remove_v your_o right_a hand_n just_a before_o your_o left_a close_o to_o the_o end_n of_o the_o pike_n than_o you_o be_v to_o withdraw_v your_o left_a hand_n and_o place_n it_o a-kimbo_a by_o your_o side_n and_o your_o right_a hand_n will_v hold_v the_o end_n of_o the_o spear_n just_a above_o your_o right_a hucklebone_n with_o your_o body_n stand_v full_a forward_o pike_n as_o you_o be_v lay_v down_o 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close_o by_o the_o outside_n of_o your_o right_a foot_n then_o in_o the_o raise_n of_o the_o butt-end_n of_o your_o pike_n you_o turn_v your_o hand_n with_o the_o pike_n in_o it_o so_o that_o the_o inside_n of_o your_o hand_n will_v be_v towards_o your_o right_a side_n then_o your_o left_a hand_n in_o the_o raise_n take_v the_o pike_n at_o a_o convenient_a place_n or_o distance_n and_o elevate_v it_o either_o to_o the_o posture_n of_o charge_v or_o order_v as_o the_o officer_n shall_v please_v to_o command_v the_o word_n of_o command_n which_o the_o officer_n be_v to_o use_v for_o the_o reduce_n of_o these_o posture_n to_o their_o first_o station_n be_v pike_n as_o you_o be_v there_o be_v divers_a other_o posture_n which_o i_o do_v here_o omit_v refer_v you_o to_o the_o book_n of_o military_a discipline_n compose_v by_o that_o worthy_a gentleman_n master_n william_n barrife_n lieutenant_n to_o the_o artillery_n garden_n who_o have_v merit_v much_o honour_n in_o perform_v so_o noble_a a_o work_n in_o a_o most_o concise_a and_o exquisite_a way_n for_o the_o which_o our_o kingdom_n be_v much_o bind_v to_o he_o chap._n lxxviii_o how_o the_o commander_n shall_v draw_v their_o file_n both_o of_o musquetier_n and_o pike_n and_o join_v they_o in_o one_o body_n fit_a to_o be_v exercise_v in_o gross_a you_o have_v see_v every_o soldier_n perform_v his_o posture_n well_o than_o you_o must_v draw_v out_o the_o file-leader_n of_o the_o right-hand-file_n with_o his_o whole_a file_n command_v every_o file-leader_n successive_o to_o draw_v up_o his_o file_n either_o of_o other_o and_o be_v draw_v into_o a_o body_n command_v they_o to_o advance_v their_o pike_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n the_o lieutenant_n or_o some_o other_o officer_n
outmost_a file_n of_o each_o flank_n be_v to_o face_n inward_o and_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o body_n be_v to_o face_n to_o the_o right_n the_o left_a be_v to_o face_n outward_a those_o of_o the_o right_a flank_n pass_v through_o the_o right_n and_o place_v themselves_o behind_o their_o right_a hand_n man_n those_o of_o the_o left_a flank_n pass_v through_o to_o the_o left_a and_o place_v themselves_o behind_o their_o left_a hand_n man_n the_o motion_n be_v to_o be_v begin_v by_o the_o second_o file_n from_o each_o flank_n for_o the_o reducement_n of_o this_o countermarch_n you_o must_v first_o face_v they_o to_o their_o first_o front_n then_o command_v the_o two_o innermost_a file_n to_o face_n outward_o and_o the_o rest_n be_v to_o pass_v through_o to_o the_o right_n and_o left_a inward_a place_v themselves_o behind_o their_o right_n and_o left_a hand_n man_n which_o be_v do_v the_o whole_a body_n will_v stand_v face_v to_o the_o right_n and_o left_a outward_n then_o be_v face_v to_o their_o leader_n they_o be_v reduce_v into_o their_o first_o station_n or_o you_o may_v make_v use_n of_o the_o counter_a march_n next_o before_o or_o of_o the_o next_o follow_v or_o of_o any_o other_o divisionall_a countermarch_n of_o rank_n which_o do_v not_o interchange_v ground_n the_o outmost_a file_n of_o each_o flank_n stand_v the_o rest_n pass_v through_o to_o the_o right_n and_o leave_v &_o place_v yourselves_o on_o the_o outside_n of_o your_o right_n and_o left_a hand_n man_n this_o divisionall_a bastard_n countermarch_n produce_v the_o same_o effect_n which_o the_o other_o two_o next_o before_o it_o wrought_v aspect_n only_o differ_v in_o the_o aspect_n for_o the_o lacedaemonian_a turn_v the_o aspect_n outward_o the_o macedonian_a turn_v the_o aspect_n inward_o and_o this_o keep_v the_o aspect_n still_o direct_v the_o same_o way_n to_o perform_v this_o motion_n you_o must_v command_v the_o outmost_a file_n of_o each_o flank_n to_o stand_v the_o rest_n of_o the_o body_n be_v to_o face_n to_o the_o right_n and_o left_a outward_n viz_o the_o right_a flank_n pass_v through_o to_o the_o right_n and_o the_o left_a flank_n to_o the_o left_a those_o of_o the_o right_a flank_n place_v themselves_o on_o the_o outside_n of_o their_o right_a hand_n man_n in_o like_a manner_n those_o of_o the_o left_a flank_n be_v to_o place_n themselves_o on_o the_o outside_n of_o their_o left_a hand_n man_n it_o may_v be_v reduce_v either_o by_o any_o of_o the_o forego_n divisionall_a countermarche_n of_o rank_n or_o else_o be_v face_v to_o any_o of_o the_o flank_n than_o the_o rank_n become_v file_n and_o by_o divisionall_a countermarche_n of_o file_n you_o may_v reduce_v devisionall_a countermarche_n of_o rank_n or_o by_o rank_n file_n only_o you_o must_v observe_v some_o face_n yet_o you_o may_v reduce_v this_o motion_n by_o command_v the_o two_o inmost_a file_n to_o stand_v the_o rest_n be_v to_o face_n to_o the_o right_n and_o left_a inward_o and_o so_o march_v into_o their_o place_n interchange_n flank_n this_o exchange_v of_o flank_n or_o bastard_n countermarch_v be_v differ_v from_o all_o the_o other_o divisionall_a countermarche_n of_o rank_n rank_n for_o this_o transfer_v the_o right_a flank_n into_o the_o place_n of_o the_o left_a and_o the_o left_a flank_n into_o the_o place_n of_o the_o right_n it_o be_v very_o proper_a to_o receive_v a_o sudden_a charge_n from_o the_o horse_n for_o so_o soon_o as_o they_o shall_v be_v command_v to_o interchange_v their_o flank_n they_o face_n to_o the_o right_n and_o left_a inward_o and_o then_o the_o inmost_a file_n of_o the_o pike_n begin_v the_o motion_n the_o rest_n of_o each_o flank_n follow_v orderly_o likewise_o the_o pike_n be_v to_o port_n so_o soon_o as_o they_o begin_v to_o move_v and_o be_v to_o charge_v as_o they_o see_v occasion_n if_o need_v be_v the_o pike_n may_v charge_v at_o the_o foot_n the_o musquetier_n give_v fire_n over_o their_o shoulder_n if_o the_o pike_n have_v too_o large_a a_o distance_n they_o may_v close_v at_o their_o own_o pleasure_n as_o soon_o as_o they_o have_v pass_v through_o for_o reducement_n you_o may_v interchange_v ground_n again_o or_o otherwise_o you_o may_v countermarch_v your_o flank_n into_o the_o midst_n and_o then_o a_o entire_a countermarch_v either_o of_o rank_n or_o file_n will_v reduce_v they_o and_o this_o shall_v suffice_v to_o finish_v this_o discourse_n of_o countermarche_n wish_v every_o commander_n to_o be_v ready_a and_o well_o verse_v in_o all_o of_o they_o but_o principal_o to_o make_v use_n of_o the_o three_o first_o entire_a countermarche_n of_o file_n as_o also_o the_o same_o of_o rank_n for_o those_o you_o can_v possible_o omit_v in_o your_o drilling_n the_o rest_n you_o may_v dispense_v with_o all_o at_o your_o pleasure_n and_o have_v thus_o exercise_v your_o man_n in_o these_o motion_n of_o countermarch_v the_o next_o thing_n you_o be_v to_o teach_v they_o be_v wheeling_n and_o they_o be_v of_o two_o kind_n as_o in_o the_o next_o chapter_n shall_v more_o full_o be_v demonstrate_v chap._n lxxxvi_o how_o a_o commander_n shall_v exercise_v his_o soldier_n in_o the_o motion_n of_o wheel_a with_o the_o description_n of_o their_o kind_n and_o use_n with_o their_o several_a word_n of_o command_n place_v in_o the_o margin_n wheeling_n be_v of_o two_o kind_n viz._n wheeling_n angule_a and_o wheeling_n on_o the_o centre_n and_o these_o be_v either_o entire_a or_o divisionall_a the_o use_n of_o entire_a wheeling_n be_v to_o turn_v the_o aspect_n of_o the_o front_n proper_a either_o to_o the_o right_n to_o the_o left_a or_o to_o the_o rear_n either_o for_o the_o gain_v of_o the_o wind_n sun_n or_o some_o such_o like_a advantage_n or_o to_o entertain_v their_o enemy_n with_o their_o best_a soldier_n and_o for_o your_o better_a perform_v of_o these_o motion_n of_o wheeling_n you_o must_v first_o close_v both_o your_o rank_n and_o file_n to_o their_o order_n which_o be_v three_o foot_n both_o in_o rank_n and_o file_n and_o likewise_o upon_o all_o wheeling_n you_o must_v be_v sure_a to_o observe_v your_o leader_n and_o follow_v he_o keep_v your_o due_a distance_n your_o musket_n be_v all_o either_o to_o be_v poyze_v or_o shoulder_v your_o pike_n be_v to_o be_v advance_v further_a observe_v that_o upon_o the_o exercise_n of_o the_o motion_n whether_o it_o be_v distance_n face_n doubling_n or_o countermarche_n or_o wheeling_n the_o musquetier_n ought_v to_o be_v all_o upon_o one_o and_o the_o same_o posture_n either_o poyze_v or_o shoulder_v and_o the_o pike_n in_o like_a manner_n either_o shoulder_v or_o advance_v the_o word_n of_o command_n follow_v in_o the_o margin_n and_o the_o direction_n how_o to_o perform_v the_o motion_n right_a against_o they_o wherefore_o first_o you_o be_v to_o command_v they_o to_o wheel_v your_o battle_n to_o the_o right_n this_o angule_a wheel_a transfer_v the_o aspect_n or_o countenance_n of_o the_o front_n proper_a into_o that_o part_n which_o be_v the_o right_a flank_n angule_a it_o also_o remove_v the_o battallia_fw-la from_o the_o ground_n whereon_o former_o it_o stand_v and_o place_v it_o on_o the_o part_n before_o the_o front_n the_o hinge_v of_o the_o motion_n be_v the_o right_a corner_n man_n which_o have_v the_o lead_n of_o the_o right_a hand_n file_n he_o with_o a_o gentle_a motion_n move_v to_o the_o right_n and_o every_o man_n the_o more_o remote_a his_o place_n be_v from_o the_o right_a angle_n the_o swift_a must_v be_v his_o motion_n because_o he_o be_v to_o go_v a_o great_a circumstance_n for_o reducement_n wheel_n your_o battallia_fw-la to_o the_o left_a in_o the_o like_a manner_n as_o it_o be_v wheel_v to_o the_o right_n but_o withal_o note_n that_o this_o will_v not_o bring_v you_o back_o into_o the_o same_o ground_n you_o former_o stand_v on_o because_o it_o have_v advance_v you_o the_o length_n of_o your_o battallia_fw-la before_o the_o place_n of_o your_o first_o front_n wherefore_o to_o reduce_v you_o into_o the_o same_o place_n you_o stand_v on_o first_o you_o must_v face_v your_o battallia_fw-la to_o the_o right_n and_o be_v so_o face_v wheel_v your_o battle_n to_o the_o left_a which_o be_v perform_v face_n to_o the_o left_a and_o then_o they_o be_v complete_o reduce_v to_o their_o first_o form_n and_o station_n this_o also_o be_v a_o angular_a wheel_a and_o transfer_v the_o aspect_n of_o the_o front_n proper_a towards_o the_o rear_n it_o be_v perform_v after_o the_o same_o manner_n of_o the_o former_a only_o the_o motion_n be_v twice_o as_o much_o wherefore_o observe_v the_o direction_n in_o the_o former_a note_v the_o ground_n you_o former_o do_v possess_v will_n be_v twice_o the_o length_n of_o your_o battallia_fw-la to_o the_o left_a of_o your_o left_a flank_n for_o the_o reduce_v they_o as_o well_o to_o their_o first_o ground_n as_o their_o first_o aspect_n you_o must_v
and_o surprise_v the_o fort_n view_v the_o figure_n chap._n xvi_o another_o irregular_a figure_n fortify_v in_o the_o next_o figure_n follow_v you_o may_v perceive_v fortify_v be_v surround_v with_o water_n only_a one_o open_a space_n betwixt_o a_o and_o b._n which_o must_v be_v very_o strong_o fortify_v because_o it_o be_v the_o likely_a place_n for_o the_o enemy_n to_o make_v his_o approach_n for_o prevention_n whereof_o the_o two_o half_a bulwark_n c._n and_o d._n be_v raise_v with_o two_o flank_n towards_o one_o side_n to_o the_o end_n it_o shall_v be_v double_o defend_v viz_o from_o the_o flank_n a._n and_o b._n likewise_o upon_o each_o side_n by_o the_o sea_n there_o be_v simple_a bulwark_n for_o to_o lodge_v the_o cannon_n there_o for_o the_o defence_n of_o the_o port_n the_o which_o be_v to_o be_v shut_v with_o a_o chaine-bridge_n or_o draw-bridge_n next_o you_o may_v behold_v a_o work_n call_v a_o it_o horne-worke_n which_o be_v frame_v of_o two_o half_a bulwark_n e._n f._n the_o which_o horne-worke_n be_v defend_v from_o the_o bulwark_n c._n and_o d._n and_o in_o the_o midst_n thereof_o be_v a_o half_a moon_n which_o serve_v for_o a_o retreat_n and_o defence_n of_o the_o port_n h_n these_o outwork_n be_v excellent_a good_a to_o cause_v the_o enemy_n to_o lose_v a_o great_a deal_n of_o time_n in_o win_v they_o and_o when_o they_o be_v gain_v they_o shall_v immediate_o be_v constrain_v to_o forsake_v they_o for_o they_o lie_v open_a to_o the_o inward_a work_n will_v soon_o force_v they_o out_o with_o the_o shot_n that_o shall_v be_v make_v from_o the_o bulwark_n c._n d._n last_o these_o half_a moon_n be_v of_o excellent_a use_n to_o hinder_v the_o enemy_n from_o mine_v under_o the_o bulwork_n as_o the_o hollander_n and_o other_o have_v find_v by_o experience_n the_o figure_n follow_v in_o the_o next_o page_n view_v the_o same_o and_o examine_v the_o particular_n of_o it_o with_o your_o compass_n and_o compare_v it_o with_o this_o demonstrative_a discourse_n will_v make_v you_o familiar_a and_o better_a able_a to_o understand_v it_o chap._n xvii_o a_o three_o irregular_a figure_n fortify_v this_o three_o figure_n be_v fortify_v with_o five_o bulwork_n insomuch_o that_o it_o may_v be_v call_v pentagon_n irregular_a wherein_o we_o must_v consider_v the_o diversity_n of_o side_n some_o be_v long_o the_o rest_n short_a and_o raise_v bulwork_n upon_o these_o point_n which_o fall_v accidental_o irregular_a some_o be_v too_o short_a the_o rest_n too_o long_o as_o you_o may_v perceive_v by_o the_o side_n no_o to_o be_v more_o by_o the_o scale_n than_o 180._o pace_n which_o ought_v to_o be_v the_o ordinary_a distance_n between_o bulwork_n erroneous_a or_o 200._o for_o the_o long_a likewise_o you_o perceive_v qq_n be_v less_o than_o 180._o and_o 160._o short_a than_o the_o rest_n here_o you_o may_v observe_v these_o fault_n which_o a_o regular_a fort_n have_v not_o every_o bulworke_n be_v of_o a_o even_a distance_n either_o of_o 180._o or_o 200._o pace_n at_o the_o most_o or_o 180._o and_o 160._o at_o the_o least_o be_v the_o true_a distance_n to_o raise_v your_o bulwork_n in_o a_o equality_n of_o distance_n that_o which_o you_o see_v in_o the_o figure_n to_o be_v advance_v beyond_o the_o shoulder_n and_o likewise_o above_o the_o curtain_n as_o you_o may_v see_v from_o n_o to_o r_o and_o from_o o_o to_o saint_n and_o from_o p_o to_o t_o and_o from_o q_o to_o five_o and_o so_o of_o the_o rest_n not_o take_v the_o like_a distance_n for_o the_o other_o flank_v as_o you_o see_v by_o px_n and_o qy_n the_o order_n of_o these_o difference_n ought_v to_o lie_v in_o the_o judgement_n of_o the_o judicious_a engineer_n let_v we_o observe_v the_o bulworke_n n_o which_o ought_v to_o be_v sharp_o point_v because_o it_o be_v upon_o a_o angle_n very_o sharp_a long_o and_o crooked_a and_o out_o of_o distance_n to_o be_v flank_v as_o you_o may_v see_v by_o n._n to_o prevent_v the_o advantage_n a_o enemy_n may_v take_v if_o the_o point_n shall_v be_v make_v out_o its_o full_a length_n pentagon_n according_a as_o the_o ground_n will_v require_v it_o be_v think_v the_o safe_a way_n to_o cut_v off_o the_o say_a point_n m_o and_o to_o fashion_v it_o with_o a_o double_a point_n so_o as_o it_o may_v defend_v itself_o and_o strengthen_v the_o bulworke_n the_o better_a and_o a_o great_a deal_n less_o pain_n and_o travel_n in_o raise_v of_o it_o for_o indeed_o the_o very_a point_n of_o the_o bulworke_n must_v have_v be_v raise_v a_o great_a way_n in_o the_o water_n as_o you_o may_v observe_v by_o the_o prick_v take_v notice_n likewise_o of_o the_o two_o half_a moon_n before_o each_o port_n which_o have_v their_o defence_n from_o the_o two_o bulwork_n on_o each_o side_n of_o they_o and_o as_o i_o have_v say_v before_o they_o serve_v for_o a_o retreat_n to_o those_o that_o guard_n without_o and_o likewise_o defend_v the_o port_n from_o sudden_a surprise_v further_n observe_v that_o the_o flank_n be_v but_o 20._o pace_n because_o of_o the_o small_a distance_n for_o indeed_o their_o need_v no_o such_o large_a flank_n for_o if_o they_o be_v big_a than_o the_o bulworke_n shall_v extend_v itself_o further_o into_o the_o river_n which_o will_v be_v a_o mighty_a charge_n and_o unprofitable_a as_o you_o may_v perceive_v by_o the_o bulworke_n q_o the_o prick_v line_n that_o be_v mark_v in_o the_o water_n last_o observe_v for_o a_o general_a rule_n that_o in_o all_o work_n of_o this_o nature_n if_o the_o line_n total_a of_o any_o side_n be_v 170._o pace_n or_o thereabouts_o that_o then_o the_o curtain_n flank_n be_v make_v about_o 200._o pace_n if_o short_a than_o the_o curtain_n short_a proportionable_o always_o provide_v that_o the_o flank_n look_v each_o upon_o other_o upon_o each_o curtain_n be_v near_o of_o of_o equal_a length_n for_o the_o shoulder_n it_o make_v not_o much_o if_o they_o differ_v in_o the_o line_n so_o they_o be_v of_o a_o sufficient_a thickness_n view_v the_o subsequent_a figure_n chap._n xviii_o a_o four_o irregular_a figure_n fortify_v in_o this_o four_o figure_n you_o may_v perceive_v two_o several_a fortification_n the_o angles_n be_v according_o divide_v by_o the_o water_n branch_a out_o the_o one_o be_v mark_v with_o a_o the_o other_z with_o b_o you_o may_v suppose_v it_o to_o be_v a_o arm_n of_o the_o sea_n branch_a itself_o into_o three_o river_n in_o the_o form_n of_o a_o triangle_n and_o be_v fortify_v only_o upon_o the_o side_n towards_o the_o land_n d_o for_o on_o the_o water_n side_n they_o be_v sufficient_o fortify_v with_o the_o wall_n make_v defensive_a with_o platform_n e._n likewise_o you_o may_v observe_v the_o fork_a bulwark_n ff_n this_o triangule_a work_n be_v of_o no_o strength_n to_o be_v use_v upon_o plain_n as_o before_o i_o have_v show_v but_o only_o where_o great_a water_n be_v wherein_o consist_v their_o chief_a strength_n and_o they_o be_v invent_v to_o keep_v and_o secure_v the_o mouth_n of_o havens_n where_o the_o governor_n of_o the_o â—ort_n be_v to_o command_v the_o ship_n that_o ride_v by_o from_o the_o rampart_n g_o and_o cause_v they_o to_o pay_v toll_n the_o water-port_n be_v to_o be_v below_o the_o rampart_n g._n the_o figure_n follow_v in_o the_o next_o page_n be_v the_o 52_o chap._n xix_o a_o five_o irregular_a figure_n fortify_v you_o may_v suppose_v the_o one_o side_n of_o this_o figure_n mark_v with_o h_n to_o be_v some_o rock_n or_o moorish_a ground_n unaccessible_a the_o other_o side_n at_o the_o letter_n l_o be_v firm_a land_n wherefore_o it_o behove_v that_o the_o side_n l_o shall_v be_v very_o well_o fortify_v according_a to_o the_o rule_n of_o a_o regular_a figure_n that_o the_o enemy_n may_v find_v it_o very_o difficult_a to_o gain_v the_o place_n upon_o the_o other_o side_n the_o wall_n be_v to_o be_v make_v very_o high_a for_o fear_v of_o surprisal_n without_o any_o work_n of_o great_a consequence_n will_v suffice_v there_o aught_o to_o be_v also_o upon_o the_o moorie_v or_o rocky_a side_n h_n a_o good_a ditch_n yea_o though_o the_o rock_n be_v so_o high_a that_o no_o water_n can_v come_v into_o the_o ditch_n and_o if_o it_o shall_v likewise_o happen_v that_o the_o other_o ditch_n l_o on_o the_o landside_n shall_v be_v dry_a and_o without_o water_n yet_o there_o be_v a_o little_a wall_n that_o run_v along_o the_o ditch_n at_o bb_n which_o be_v very_o profitable_a to_o defend_v the_o say_a ditch_n as_o you_o may_v perceive_v by_o those_o soldier_n there_o defend_v for_o they_o can_v be_v annoy_v by_o the_o enemy_n because_o they_o be_v below_o and_o under_o the_o shot_n of_o the_o canon_n note_v this_o kind_n of_o fortification_n be_v to_o be_v use_v but_o upon_o necessity_n for_o no_o fort_n whatsoever_o can_v be_v account_v strong_a unless_o the_o
dependency_n and_o first_o we_o will_v discourse_v of_o the_o true_a measure_n and_o proportion_n of_o they_o which_o at_o this_o day_n be_v in_o use_n and_o account_v the_o most_o perfect_a that_o ever_o be_v invent_v which_o we_o account_v now_o to_o be_v infallible_a maxim_n of_o this_o art_n view_v the_o figure_n follow_v chap._n xxv_o of_o the_o measure_n and_o proportion_n of_o our_o modern_a fortress_n we_o have_v former_o discourse_v of_o ancient_a fortress_n of_o their_o defect_n and_o remedy_n now_o it_o remain_v we_o shall_v entreat_v of_o our_o modern_a work_n which_o be_v now_o bring_v to_o be_v most_o perfect_a in_o regard_n of_o those_o ancient_a fortification_n before_o mention_v and_o first_o we_o will_v speak_v of_o their_o measure_n and_o proportion_n the_o which_o must_v serve_v we_o for_o maxim_n because_o they_o be_v ground_v upon_o very_o good_a and_o infalible_a reason_n as_o experience_n have_v show_v and_o do_v teach_v we_o daily_o i._o that_o fortress_n be_v compose_v of_o many_o bulwark_n and_o that_o the_o say_v bulwark_n shall_v be_v of_o equal_a distance_n and_o of_o equal_a angle_n the_o ground_n be_v so_o large_a that_o a_o regular_a work_n may_v be_v raise_v thereon_o as_o near_o as_o may_v be_v equal_o as_o for_o irregular_a work_n necessity_n must_v drive_v we_o to_o make_v they_o want_v the_o commodiousness_n of_o ground_n that_o the_o regular_a figure_n shall_v have_v ii_o the_o bulwark_n ought_v to_o be_v large_a and_o spacious_a to_o the_o end_n they_o may_v reintrench_a themselves_o and_o the_o point_n or_o angel_n as_o blunt_a as_o possible_a may_v be_v make_v iii_o that_o the_o entery_n or_o mouth_n of_o the_o bulworke_n aught_o to_o be_v from_o sixty_o to_o seventy_o pace_n viz._n thirty_o or_o thirty_o five_o from_o each_o end_n of_o the_o curtin_n to_o the_o midst_n or_o point_n of_o the_o entrance_n into_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o bulworke_n four_o that_o the_o defence_n of_o the_o bulwark_n aught_o to_o be_v take_v from_o the_o three_o part_n of_o the_o curtin_n at_o the_o least_o as_o in_o all_o form_n or_o figure_n of_o 6._o 7._o and_o 8._o and_o of_o those_o of_o 9_o 10._o 11._o 12._o of_o the_o half_a of_o the_o curtin_n as_o for_o the_o pentagon_n it_o will_v permit_v the_o take_n of_o the_o five_o part_n of_o the_o curtin_n because_o the_o angel_n be_v not_o so_o much_o point_v as_o for_o the_o square_a figure_n it_o ought_v not_o to_o be_v put_v among_o the_o number_n of_o fortress_n and_o much_o less_o the_o tryangle_n for_o they_o only_o be_v to_o be_v raise_v in_o place_n of_o advantage_n which_o be_v strong_a by_o nature_n or_o in_o a_o camp_n or_o siege_n of_o a_o town_n v._o the_o line_n of_o defence_n viz._n the_o distance_n that_o be_v take_v from_o the_o flank_n to_o the_o point_n of_o the_o bulworke_n opposite_a to_o it_o aught_o to_o be_v 180_o pace_n viz._n five_o foot_n to_o each_o pace_n at_o the_o least_o and_o 200_o at_o the_o most_o although_o erard_n allow_v not_o above_o 122â—_n toyse_n six_o foot_n to_o the_o toyse_n amount_n to_o 735_o foot_n but_o his_o error_n i_o shall_v afterward_o show_v and_o likewise_o the_o reason_n why_o i_o allow_v 265_o foot_n more_o than_o he_o do_v vi_o the_o line_n of_o the_o flank_n ought_v to_o be_v thirty_o pace_n and_o if_o the_o shoulder_n of_o the_o bulworke_n be_v comprise_v in_o it_o then_o the_o flank_n ought_v to_o be_v large_a by_o the_o three_o part_n viz._n ten_o pace_n and_o twenty_o pace_n for_o the_o form_n of_o the_o shoulder_n vii_o the_o ditch_n or_o moat_n aught_o to_o be_v thirty_o pace_n broad_a and_o run_v even_o by_o the_o side_n of_o the_o bulwark_n viii_o in_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o ditch_n there_o ought_v to_o be_v a_o cave_n dig_v deep_a than_o the_o rest_n some_o four_o pace_n broad_a ix_o the_o counterscarpe_a there_o aught_o to_o be_v frame_v with_o stone_n without_o lyme_n x._o upon_o the_o counterscarpe_n there_o ought_v to_o be_v a_o alley_n three_o pace_n broad_a with_o a_o breast-worke_n ready_a to_o defend_v they_o so_o that_o they_o may_v kneel_v and_o lay_v their_o piece_n over_o it_o to_o discharge_v and_o the_o ground_n be_v to_o be_v make_v all_o even_a beyond_o it_o that_o the_o enemy_n may_v have_v no_o bank_n to_o defend_v himself_o xi_o all_o the_o good_a earth_n which_o be_v beyond_o the_o counterscarpe_n aught_o to_o be_v throw_v away_o a_o musket_n shoot_v from_o it_o and_o all_o kind_n of_o stone_n to_o be_v place_v there_o in_o the_o room_n of_o it_o which_o will_v infinite_o offend_v the_o enemy_n be_v batter_v about_o with_o the_o shot_n from_o the_o wall_n of_o the_o fort._n xii_o the_o half_a moon_n which_o be_v place_v in_o every_o angle_n between_o two_o bulwork_n aught_o to_o be_v forty_o pace_n viz._n twenty_o on_o either_o side_n and_o the_o defence_n thereof_o aught_o to_o be_v always_o take_v as_o near_o as_o possible_o may_v be_v towards_o the_o curtin_n the_o ditch_n thereof_o be_v four_o pace_n at_o least_o in_o breadth_n xiii_o the_o ditch_n or_o moat_n aught_o to_o be_v thirty_o foot_n deep_a be_v well_o store_v with_o all_o kind_n of_o fish_n which_o may_v be_v a_o great_a help_n to_o sustain_v they_o in_o the_o time_n of_o a_o siege_n xiiii_o the_o wall_n or_o foundation_n of_o the_o fort_n aught_o to_o be_v thirty_o foot_n high_a xv._n the_o rampire_n above_o the_o foundation_n of_o the_o wall_n aught_o to_o be_v likewise_o 30._o foot_n in_o height_n and_o 20._o foot_n broad_a both_o curtain_n and_o bulwork_n be_v to_o have_v a_o parapet_n answerable_a and_o a_o foot-step_n for_o the_o musketeer_n to_o step_v upon_o to_o make_v they_o of_o sufficient_a height_n to_o discharge_v their_o musket_n over_o xvi_o upon_o the_o entery_n or_o mouth_n of_o every_o bulworke_n there_o ought_v to_o be_v a_o cavalier_n eight_o foot_n high_a and_o twenty_o pace_n large_a so_o that_o three_o or_o four_o piece_n of_o canon_n may_v be_v plant_v there_o for_o the_o make_n of_o counter-battery_n xvii_o the_o place_n of_o the_o hanke_n ought_v to_o be_v fifty_o foot_n broad_a and_o 75._o or_o 80._o foot_n long_o xviii_o the_o rightnesse_n of_o the_o shoulder_n ought_v to_o be_v 50._o foot_n long_o in_o such_o sort_n that_o it_o may_v shoot_v right_a to_o the_o point_n of_o the_o opposite_a bulworke_n xix_o that_o such_o sally-port_n as_o be_v necessary_a aught_o to_o be_v 15._o foot_n broad_a make_v under_o the_o wall_n in_o the_o hancke_n between_o the_o shoulder_n of_o the_o bulworke_n and_o the_o end_n of_o the_o curtin_n to_o be_v brick_v over_o like_o a_o vault_n and_o at_o each_o end_n of_o it_o a_o very_a strong_a fold_a gate_n these_o sally_n be_v for_o the_o soldier_n to_o pass_v into_o the_o falsebray_a to_o defend_v the_o moat_n and_o the_o foot_n of_o the_o bulwark_n and_o curtain_n xx._n the_o false-bray_a aught_o to_o be_v 15._o or_o 16._o foot_n broad_a from_o the_o foot_n of_o the_o bulwark_n to_o the_o moat_n at_o the_o very_a foot_n of_o the_o rampire_n be_v plant_v a_o bed_n of_o quickset_n two_o foot_n broad_a which_o will_v not_o only_o hinder_v the_o enemy_n from_o sudden_a run_v through_o it_o but_o also_o stay_v up_o such_o earth_n as_o shall_v be_v batter_v down_o from_o fall_v into_o the_o moat_n next_o the_o moat_n the_o falsebray_a have_v a_o breast-worke_n three_o or_o four_o foot_n high_a for_o the_o musquetier_n to_o shoot_v over_o to_o defend_v the_o moat_n xxi_o that_o above_o the_o end_n of_o the_o shoulder_n call_v the_o orillion_n there_o ought_v to_o be_v a_o imbracer_n for_o to_o place_v a_o piece_n of_o ordnance_n to_o batter_v against_o the_o ruin_n that_o the_o enemy_n shall_v make_v in_o the_o face_n of_o the_o bulworke_n xxii_o that_o the_o rampire_n ought_v to_o be_v make_v as_o much_o slope_v as_o they_o be_v high_a which_o be_v their_o natural_a slope_v pinch_v inward_o that_o the_o water_n may_v shoot_v off_o view_v the_o table_n follow_v and_o reason_n will_v not_o only_o allow_v it_o but_o will_v also_o reprehend_v monsieur_fw-fr bellay_n page_n 21._o who_o allow_v only_o one_o foot_n slope_n in_o 8._o or_o 10._o foot_n height_n so_o that_o a_o wall_n be_v 60._o foot_n high_a by_o his_o rule_n shall_v have_v but_o 6._o foot_n slope_n which_o will_v make_v it_o so_o steep_a that_o without_o the_o batter_a of_o the_o canon_n every_o shower_n of_o rain_n will_v wash_v it_o and_o moulder_v it_o down_o observe_v your_o best_a fortification_n as_o zutphen_n and_o densburge_n in_o gilderland_n be_v by_o this_o rule_n frame_v xxiii_o that_o such_o foundation_n of_o stone_n or_o bricke-worke_n as_o be_v make_v against_o water_n or_o otherwise_o to_o bear_v up_o the_o fortification_n of_o earth_n aught_o to_o be_v 5._o foot_n broad_o below_o
of_o the_o thing_n you_o measure_v add_v from_o the_o ground_n to_o your_o eye_n the_o contrary_a shadow_n show_v to_o measure_v all_o altitude_n without_o the_o length_n thereof_o first_o multiply_v the_o length_n of_o the_o shadow_n by_o the_o point_n or_o division_n of_o the_o scale_n where_o on_o the_o plumb-line_n fall_v then_o divide_v the_o product_n by_o 12_o the_o quotient_a thereof_o be_v the_o true_a height_n of_o the_o altitude_n in_o measure_v any_o altitude_n without_o shadow_n you_o must_v go_v as_o near_o to_o the_o same_o that_o you_o perceive_v you_o be_v within_o the_o length_n thereof_o then_o lift_v up_o your_o quadrant_n orderly_o go_v to_o eye_n or_o from_o the_o same_o until_o you_o espy_v the_o top_n of_o the_o altitude_n through_o the_o visual_a hole_n than_o the_o thread_n fall_v upon_o the_o part_n 12_o stand_v upright_o with_o your_o body_n at_o the_o midst_n of_o your_o foot_n make_v a_o mark_n then_o go_v direct_o backward_o from_o the_o same_o until_o through_o the_o visual_a sight_n you_o espy_v the_o high_a part_n again_o the_o plumbline_n fall_v on_o the_o part_n six_o of_o contrary_a shadow_n and_o as_o before_o make_v another_o mark_n the_o distance_n between_o these_o two_o mark_n the_o height_n of_o your_o eye_n from_o the_o ground_n be_v put_v to_o it_o thereof_o be_v the_o true_a height_n of_o the_o altitude_n further_o observe_v if_o the_o plumbline_n fall_v on_o the_o part_n 6_o of_o contrary_a shadow_n and_o at_o the_o second_o station_n on_o the_o part_n 4_o the_o distance_n betwixt_o these_o two_o mark_n be_v the_o height_n of_o the_o altitude_n add_v as_o before_o or_o if_o the_o plumbline_n fall_v on_o the_o part_n 4_o of_o contrary_a shadow_n at_o the_o first_o station_n then_o upon_o the_o part_n 3_o at_o the_o second_o you_o shall_v find_v the_o distance_n between_o your_o two_o station_n to_o be_v the_o just_a height_n and_o the_o further_a station_n be_v four_o time_n the_o length_n or_o height_n thereof_o or_o suppose_v your_o plumb-line_n fall_v upon_o the_o part_n 2_o of_o contrary_a shadow_n thereof_o and_o at_o the_o second_o station_n it_o fall_v on_o the_o part_n one_o than_o the_o space_n between_o the_o two_o stand_n will_v be_v six_o time_n the_o length_n or_o height_n of_o that_o altitude_n or_o the_o six_o part_n of_o the_o measure_n be_v the_o height_n of_o it_o and_o your_o further_a station_n will_v be_v twelve_o time_n the_o height_n thereof_o in_o the_o next_o place_n we_o must_v observe_v some_o rule_n for_o the_o take_n of_o distance_n from_o the_o platform_n or_o batteries_n your_o ordnance_n be_v plant_v on_o to_o any_o mark_v you_o be_v to_o shoot_v at_o quadrant_n and_o to_o perform_v this_o you_o must_v lay_v your_o quadrant_n flat_a upon_o some_o steady_a thing_n as_o a_o stool_n or_o staff_n firm_o and_o perpendicular_o set_v up_o then_o place_v your_o quadrant_n upon_o the_o same_o and_o turn_v the_o edge_n of_o the_o rule_n to_o the_o mark_v you_o desire_v to_o measure_v the_o distance_n of_o then_o espy_v the_o mark_n through_o the_o visual_a sight_n at_o that_o place_n or_o station_n set_v up_o a_o staff_n then_o turn_v your_o body_n round_o not_o alter_v neither_o rule_n nor_o quadrant_n by_o the_o line_n of_o level_n then_o through_o the_o visual_a sight_n make_v choice_n of_o some_o other_o mark_v athwart_o the_o â—rst_a and_o set_v up_o the_o second_o staff_n the_o distance_n whereof_o suppose_v to_o be_v 60_o foot_n then_o come_v to_o the_o first_o station_n where_o the_o quadrant_n be_v place_v view_v through_o the_o visual_a sight_n upon_o the_o rule_n some_o other_o mark_n in_o a_o straight_a line_n back_o from_o the_o first_o station_n the_o distance_n whereof_o suppose_v to_o be_v 100_o foot_n and_o there_o place_v a_o three_o staff_n so_o as_o the_o first_o and_o the_o three_o staff_n will_v be_v in_o a_o straight_a line_n with_o the_o mark_n then_o remove_v the_o quadrant_n to_o the_o three_o station_n turn_v the_o right_a angle_n or_o line_n of_o level_n overthwart_a towards_o the_o second_o station_n so_o as_o the_o visual_a line_n may_v be_v paralel_v to_o the_o line_n that_o cross_v from_o the_o first_o station_n to_o the_o second_o there_o you_o must_v place_v a_o four_o staff_n so_o as_o the_o visual_a line_n pass_v from_o the_o same_o and_o run_v by_o the_o second_o staff_n may_v cross_v the_o mark_n or_o end_n in_o a_o point_n there_o with_o the_o first_o visual_a line_n the_o distance_n between_o these_o two_o last_o station_n suppose_v to_o be_v 65_o foot_n the_o staff_n be_v thus_o orderly_o place_v you_o must_v abate_v 60_o foot_n the_o distance_n between_o the_o first_o and_o second_o staff_n or_o station_n from_o 65_o the_o distance_n between_o the_o three_o and_o four_o staff_n or_o station_n the_o remainder_n be_v 5_o for_o your_o devisor_n then_o multiply_v the_o say_v 65_o by_o 100_o the_o distance_n from_o the_o first_o to_o the_o three_o there_o arise_v 6500_o the_o which_o divide_v by_o 5_o the_o quotient_n be_v 1300_o foot_n the_o distance_n from_o the_o first_o staff_n to_o the_o mark_n observe_v this_o figure_n follow_v where_o the_o tower_n represent_v the_o mark_n the_o vnit._n 1._o the_o first_o staff_n or_o station_n the_o figure_n 2_o the_o second_a staff_n the_o figure_n 3_o the_o three_o staff_n and_o the_o figure_n 4_o the_o four_o staff_n or_o you_o may_v find_v out_o the_o distance_n to_o any_o mark_n near_o hand_n by_o the_o quadrant_a and_o gunner_n staff_n divide_v into_o even_a portion_n first_o place_v the_o angle_n of_o the_o quadrant_a upon_o the_o top_n of_o the_o staff_n it_o be_v erect_v perpendicular_o and_o then_o through_o the_o sight_n of_o the_o rule_n view_v the_o mark_n you_o desire_v to_o measure_v let_v a_o long_a thread_n fall_v to_o the_o ground_n from_o the_o centre_n of_o the_o quadrant_a whereon_o the_o plumline_n hang_v which_o thread_n must_v be_v draw_v alongst_o the_o line_n of_o level_n or_o edge_n of_o the_o quadrant_a to_o the_o ground_n observe_v where_o the_o thread_n point_v at_o on_o the_o ground_n and_o behold_v the_o mark_n through_o the_o visual_a sight_n and_o look_v what_o proportion_n that_o part_n of_o ground_n between_o the_o staff_n and_o where_o the_o thread_n point_v at_o have_v to_o the_o staff_n the_o same_o proportion_n shall_v the_o length_n to_o the_o mark_n have_v to_o the_o height_n or_o length_n of_o the_o staff_n as_o by_o this_o subsequent_a figure_n more_o plain_o appear_v wherefore_o observe_v the_o gunner_n staff_n a._n b._n be_v to_o be_v suppose_v eight_o foot_n long_o and_o the_o distance_n between_o the_o staff_n and_o the_o ground_n where_o the_o thread_n point_v you_o to_o be_v the_o space_n c._n b._n rule_n be_v but_o eight_o inch_n therefore_o look_v what_o proportion_n c._n b._n bear_v to_o the_o length_n of_o the_o staff_n which_o be_v reduce_v into_o inch_n will_v be_v 96_o inch_n the_o same_o proportion_n shall_v the_o length_n to_o the_o mark_n d._n have_v to_o the_o staff_n which_o by_o make_v use_n of_o the_o rule_n of_o three_o will_v discover_v unto_o you_o in_o this_o manner_n for_o example_n if_o eight_o inch_n yield_v 96_o what_o will_v 96_o inch_n if_o you_o multiply_v 96_o by_o 96_o the_o product_n be_v 9216_o inch_n and_o this_o divide_a by_o 8_o yield_v in_o the_o quotient_a 1152_o inch_n the_o true_a distance_n from_o the_o staff_n to_o the_o mark_n moreover_o by_o the_o quadrant_a you_o may_v foresee_v whether_o water_n or_o spring_n may_v possible_o be_v bring_v to_o any_o place_n desire_v which_o indeed_o be_v a_o thing_n of_o much_o consequence_n in_o the_o war_n wherefore_o observe_v that_o by_o go_v to_o the_o head_n of_o the_o spring_n or_o water_n and_o by_o set_v your_o quadrant_a to_o your_o eye_n be_v in_o height_n equal_a with_o the_o water_n so_o that_o the_o plumline_n fall_v preciesely_a on_o the_o line_n of_o level_n now_o if_o you_o may_v see_v above_o the_o place_n through_o the_o sight_n than_o you_o may_v judge_v the_o water_n be_v possible_a to_o be_v bring_v but_o if_o you_o sight_n fall_v under_o than_o it_o be_v impossible_a it_o come_v common_o to_o pass_v when_o the_o place_n to_o the_o which_o you_o will_v have_v water_n convey_v be_v of_o any_o great_a distance_n from_o the_o head_n of_o the_o spring_n or_o river_n bank_n the_o hill_n valley_n and_o such_o like_a impediment_n hinder_v the_o visual_a line_n from_o have_v its_o free_a course_n wherefore_o observe_v this_o remedy_n at_o the_o head_n of_o the_o spring_n or_o river-banck_n you_o intend_v to_o cut_v out_o you_o shall_v look_v through_o the_o sight_n of_o the_o instrument_n as_o before_o and_o take_v notice_n of_o some_o mark_n in_o in_o the_o next_o hill_n towards_o the_o place_n then_o go_v to_o that_o
captain_n of_o the_o watch_n or_o to_o be_v command_v our_o with_o some_o troop_n for_o the_o guard_n of_o some_o passage_n to_o prevent_v the_o enemy_n approach_n he_o be_v to_o exercise_v his_o company_n in_o all_o their_o posture_n he_o ought_v to_o be_v gallant_o apparel_v with_o a_o fair_a sword_n and_o brigandine_n if_o he_o be_v command_v to_o pass_v upon_o any_o service_n with_o part_n of_o the_o company_n he_o be_v not_o to_o carry_v his_o colour_n also_o if_o the_o 〈◊〉_d company_n be_v to_o guard_v some_o dangerous_a outwork_n as_o a_o half_a moon_n or_o a_o redouâ—_n the_o company_n be_v to_o troop_n thither_o and_o he_o be_v to_o leave_v his_o colour_n in_o the_o quarter_n with_o a_o sufficient_a guard_n over_o they_o and_o he_o be_v to_o take_v for_o his_o weapon_n a_o good_a pike_n also_o every_o soldier_n honour_n be_v high_o engage_v to_o defend_v and_o preserve_v their_o ensign_n and_o if_o occasion_n of_o necessity_n shall_v happen_v they_o must_v not_o spare_v to_o run_v upon_o the_o pike_n to_o relieve_v he_o as_o divers_z valiant_a soldier_n former_o have_v do_v history_n have_v eternize_v to_o their_o immortal_a fame_n the_o honourable_a exploit_n of_o captain_n morerula_n and_o his_o two_o brother_n one_o of_o they_o be_v his_o ensign_n at_o the_o siege_n of_o the_o city_n of_o africa_n in_o barbary_n in_o charles_n the_o fift_n time_n when_o john_n de_fw-fr vega_n viceroy_n of_o sicilia_n scale_v the_o wall_n of_o it_o this_o ensign_n be_v sore_o wound_v and_o overthrow_v his_o brother_n be_v sergeant_n second_v he_o and_o recover_v the_o colour_n who_o advance_v forward_o like_o a_o valiant_a soldier_n be_v slay_v the_o captain_n brother_n to_o they_o both_o take_v up_o the_o colour_n and_o perform_v the_o ensign_n office_n who_o in_o the_o scale_n of_o the_o wall_n be_v sore_o hurt_v and_o die_v thereof_o thus_o three_o valiant_a brethren_n die_v honourable_o in_o defend_v their_o colour_n if_o a_o ensign_n shall_v lose_v all_o his_o colour_n from_o the_o staff_n and_o hose_n it_o be_v no_o dishonour_n when_o a_o army_n be_v draw_v into_o battalion_n the_o ensign_n ought_v to_o stand_v out_o before_o the_o front_n of_o it_o some_o five_o pace_n and_o if_o the_o general_n or_o some_o other_o chief_a officer_n of_o the_o field_n pass_v by_o he_o be_v gentle_o to_o veil_v his_o colour_n hold_v the_o butt_n end_n of_o his_o staff_n at_o his_o girdlested_a also_o a_o maxim_n that_o no_o soldier_n move_v hat_n or_o helmet_n to_o the_o great_a commander_n that_o be_v but_o only_o to_o bow_v his_o body_n to_o he_o likewise_o in_o time_n of_o battle_n the_o ensign_n be_v to_o withdraw_v himself_o for_o his_o safety_n into_o the_o middlemost_a rank_n of_o the_o pike_n likewise_o in_o a_o march_n the_o ensign_n be_v to_o march_v before_o the_o first_o division_n of_o pike_n with_o his_o fly_a colour_n if_o a_o king_n or_o great_a prince_n pass_v by_o the_o ensign_n be_v to_o veil_v his_o colour_n close_o to_o the_o ground_n with_o his_o knee_n bend_v in_o token_n of_o allegiance_n and_o submission_n every_o ensign_n of_o private_a company_n ought_v to_o observe_v how_o the_o ensign_n of_o the_o right_a hand_n of_o the_o battle_n order_v his_o colour_n after_o the_o same_o manner_n he_o be_v to_o order_v he_o every_o soldier_n upon_o a_o alarm_n be_v speedy_o to_o repair_v to_o his_o colour_n likewise_o not_o to_o forsake_v they_o until_o they_o be_v lodge_v when_o any_o company_n shall_v march_v either_o into_o campâ—_n guard_n fortresse_n or_o castle_n no_o soldier_n ought_v to_o disarm_v himself_o until_o they_o see_v first_o the_o colour_n place_v and_o the_o ensign_n disarm_v likewise_o no_o soon_o shall_v a_o soldier_n see_v the_o ensign_n take_v up_o his_o colour_n but_o they_o shall_v arm_v and_o rank_n themselves_o immediate_o no_o ensign_n ought_v to_o disarm_v himself_o upon_o any_o guard_n camp_n or_o field_n until_o he_o see_v that_o with_o safety_n he_o may_v do_v it_o likewise_o a_o ensign_n shall_v show_v himself_o forward_a with_o his_o colour_n in_o assault_v a_o fort_n or_o enter_v a_o breach_n to_o encourage_v the_o soldier_n manful_o to_o fall_v on_o to_o defend_v and_o make_v way_n for_o they_o he_o ought_v to_o behave_v himself_o so_o that_o he_o may_v gain_v the_o love_n of_o all_o the_o soldier_n whereby_o his_o own_o person_n shall_v be_v in_o the_o more_o safety_n when_o he_o shall_v attempt_v any_o perilous_a exploit_n for_o love_n will_v command_v a_o soldier_n to_o fight_v when_o all_o thing_n in_o the_o world_n else_o 〈…〉_z he_o forward_o and_o let_v he_o know_v that_o the_o virtue_n of_o the_o ensign_n 〈…〉_z the_o virtue_n and_o valour_n of_o the_o captain_n and_o his_o whole_a band_n i_o can_v wish_v 〈…〉_z captain_n will_v be_v please_v to_o be_v more_o circumspect_a in_o their_o election_n of_o 〈◊〉_d and_o not_o to_o put_v undeserving_a fellow_n of_o base_a birth_n and_o quality_n into_o place_n of_o 〈◊〉_d which_o deserve_v gentleman_n of_o quality_n to_o officiate_v the_o office_n of_o 〈…〉_z place_n of_o repute_n and_o honour_n do_v not_o sâ—te_n with_o every_o yeoman_n taylor_n or_o fidler_n as_o i_o have_v know_v to_o one_o company_n in_o essex_n all_o these_o oâ—_n the_o like_a mechanic_n fellow_n have_v have_v the_o honour_n to_o bear_v the_o colour_n before_o a_o generous_a captain_n of_o noble_a birth_n who_o name_n i_o forbear_v to_o relate_v but_o let_v it_o be_v a_o 〈◊〉_d to_o all_o generous_a captain_n to_o make_v choice_n of_o officer_n that_o be_v well_o breed_v and_o deserve_v otherwise_o they_o do_v but_o disgrace_v themselves_o and_o abuse_v his_o majesty_n service_n and_o the_o reputation_n of_o our_o country_n chap._n lxv_o the_o office_n of_o a_o lieuâ—tenant_n to_o a_o private_a company_n and_o his_o duty_n both_o in_o garrison_n and_o in_o field_n declare_v a_o lieutenant_n be_v a_o office_n of_o high_a credit_n and_o reputation_n and_o he_o ought_v in_o all_o respect_n to_o be_v well_o indoctrinate_v and_o qualify_v in_o the_o art_n military_a and_o ought_v not_o to_o be_v inferior_a in_o knowledge_n to_o any_o officer_n of_o high_a authority_n for_o a_o unskilful_a captain_n may_v better_o demean_v himself_o with_o a_o experience_v lieutenant_n than_o a_o unskilful_a lieutenant_n can_v â—adge_v with_o a_o skilful_a captain_n because_o all_o business_n belong_v to_o a_o company_n be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n order_v by_o the_o lieutenant_n the_o captain_n have_v other_o employment_n of_o great_a importance_n he_o be_v to_o see_v the_o company_n fit_v in_o all_o respect_n for_o service_n he_o be_v the_o right_a hand_n to_o his_o captain_n in_o aid_v and_o assist_v he_o as_o well_o in_o the_o brunt_n of_o battle_n as_o in_o peace_n he_o be_v to_o see_v to_o the_o fit_v and_o furnish_n of_o all_o thing_n necessary_a belong_v to_o the_o company_n he_o be_v to_o keep_v a_o perfect_a roll_n of_o all_o the_o soldier_n in_o the_o company_n and_o to_o observe_v that_o every_o squadron_n be_v complete_a he_o be_v to_o view_v the_o sufficiency_n and_o â—â—â—enesse_n of_o the_o arm_n and_o to_o give_v order_n for_o the_o repair_n of_o such_o as_o shall_v be_v find_v defective_a he_o be_v to_o order_n and_o rank_n the_o company_n fit_a for_o his_o captain_n to_o march_v with_o he_o be_v to_o divide_v his_o company_n into_o four_o division_n make_v two_o division_n of_o the_o pike_n and_o two_o of_o the_o musquetieres_n he_o be_v to_o rank_n the_o first_o division_n of_o musket_n in_o the_o front_n and_o the_o second_o division_n of_o musket_n in_o the_o rear_n of_o the_o pike_n he_o be_v to_o march_v in_o the_o rear_n of_o the_o company_n into_o the_o field_n and_o in_o march_v out_o of_o the_o field_n the_o captain_n be_v to_o march_v in_o the_o rear_n and_o the_o lieutenant_n in_o the_o front_n he_o be_v careful_o to_o pass_v upon_o his_o duty_n to_o see_v the_o squadron_n draw_v to_o the_o guard_n for_o to_o watch_n he_o be_v to_o be_v very_o careful_a and_o diligent_a in_o exercise_v his_o company_n either_o by_o squadron_n upon_o the_o guard_n or_o the_o whole_a company_n in_o the_o field_n assume_v fit_a and_o convenient_a time_n he_o be_v to_o lead_v on_o the_o left_a wing_n of_o shot_n in_o time_n of_o service_n in_o time_n of_o exercise_v he_o be_v to_o help_v order_n the_o company_n so_o that_o his_o captain_n may_v have_v the_o more_o ease_n and_o freedom_n he_o ought_v to_o be_v silent_a and_o to_o cause_n silence_n in_o the_o company_n during_o the_o time_n of_o his_o captain_n exercise_n he_o ought_v to_o be_v in_o the_o rear_n of_o the_o company_n to_o instruct_v the_o soldier_n how_o to_o act_v and_o observe_v the_o captain_n command_n he_o ought_v to_o call_v over_o the_o company_n and_o take_v a_o particular_a survey_n
s_o s_o s_o s_o s_o s_o s_o s_o s_o s_o s_o s_o s_o s_o s_o s_o s_o s_o s_o s_o s_o s_o s_o s_o s_o s_o s_o s_o s_o s_o s_o s_o s_o s_o s_o s_o s_o s_o s_o s_o s_o s_o s_o s_o s_o l_o rear_n c_o s_o 4._o sssss_v sssss_v sssss_n d_o sssss_a sssss_n sssss_fw-ge sssss_fw-ge sssss_fw-ge sssss_fw-ge sssss_fw-ge 6_o e_o ppppp_n ppppp_n ppppp_v ppppp_n ppppp_v ppppp_n ppppp_v ppppp_n ppppp_n ppppp_v 7_o saint_n ppppp_n ppppp_n ppppp_n d_o 2_o ppppp_n ppppp_n ppppp_v ppppp_n ppppp_v ppppp_n ppppp_v 8_o saint_n 2._o sssss_a sssss_n sssss_fw-ge sssss_fw-ge sssss_fw-ge sssss_fw-ge sssss_fw-ge sssss_fw-ge sssss_fw-ge sssss_fw-ge 9_o e_o c_o s_o 2._o sssss_n d_o pppppppppp_v d_o sssss_n s._n 1._o  _fw-fr sssss_n  _fw-fr pppppppppp_n  _fw-fr sssss_n  _fw-fr  _fw-fr sssss_n  _fw-fr pppppppppp_n  _fw-fr sssss_n  _fw-fr  _fw-fr sssss_n  _fw-fr pppppppppp_n  _fw-fr sssss_n  _fw-fr  _fw-fr sssss_n  _fw-fr pppppppppp_n  _fw-fr sssss_n  _fw-fr  _fw-fr sssss_n  _fw-fr pppppppppp_n  _fw-fr sssss_n  _fw-fr  _fw-fr sssss_n  _fw-fr pppppppppp_n  _fw-fr sssss_n  _fw-fr  _fw-fr sssss_n  _fw-fr pppppppppp_n  _fw-fr sssss_n  _fw-fr  _fw-fr sssss_n  _fw-fr pppppppppp_n  _fw-fr sssss_n  _fw-fr s._n 3._o sssss_n  _fw-fr pppppppppp_n  _fw-fr sssss_n s._n 4._o in_o this_o precedent_a figure_n you_o see_v the_o division_n of_o the_o company_n draw_v up_o into_o a_o even_a body_n or_o battalion_n all_o the_o fell-leader_n stand_v even_o in_o front_n together_o make_v one_o rank_n chap._n lxxv_o how_o the_o officer_n be_v to_o draw_v both_o pike_n and_o musket_n one_o file_n sequent_v another_o into_o a_o ring_n for_o the_o better_a and_o speedy_a exercise_v they_o in_o their_o posture_n the_o company_n stand_v in_o a_o even_a body_n as_o the_o former_a figure_n show_v before_o the_o captain_n shall_v exercise_v they_o in_o gross_a as_o they_o now_o stand_v the_o easy_a ready_a and_o most_o convenient_a way_n be_v to_o see_v every_o man_n particular_o do_v his_o posture_n both_o of_o pike_n and_o musket_n wherefore_o first_o draw_v out_o the_o body_n of_o pike_n from_o the_o shot_n then_o command_v the_o right_a wing_n of_o shot_n to_o face_n to_o the_o left_a hand_n and_o the_o left_a wing_n of_o shot_n to_o face_n to_o the_o right_a hand_n then_o march_v forward_o join_v their_o file_n together_o so_o face_v as_o they_o be_v make_v they_o stand_v in_o a_o even_a body_n that_o officer_n which_o intend_v to_o exercise_v the_o pike_n be_v to_o draw_v they_o into_o one_o side_n of_o the_o field_n and_o some_o other_o officer_n be_v to_o take_v the_o musket_n and_o draw_v they_o another_o way_n a_o convenient_a distance_n apart_o so_o that_o one_o division_n may_v not_o interrupt_v the_o other_o then_o either_o officer_n draw_v out_o their_o file_n one_o follow_v another_o lead_v they_o round_o into_o a_o ring_n the_o officer_n stand_v in_o the_o midst_n every_o soldier_n face_v towards_o he_o so_o that_o he_o may_v see_v all_o their_o action_n and_o likewise_o they_o may_v hear_v his_o word_n of_o command_n and_o observe_v how_o he_o handle_v his_o arm_n that_o they_o may_v imitate_v he_o and_o where_o he_o see_v any_o one_o awkward_a and_o ignorant_a he_o be_v speedy_o to_o step_v to_o he_o and_o to_o show_v he_o how_o to_o demean_v himself_o the_o word_n of_o command_n and_o the_o posture_n follow_v in_o the_o next_o chapter_n chap._n lxxvi_o how_o a_o officer_n be_v to_o demean_v himself_o in_o the_o exercise_v of_o the_o musquetieres_n and_o how_o every_o soldier_n be_v to_o observe_v and_o imitate_v he_o punctual_o from_o posture_n to_o posture_n the_o officer_n have_v dispose_v his_o man_n as_o before_o be_v show_v himself_o stand_v in_o the_o midst_n of_o they_o take_v a_o musket_n in_o his_o hand_n and_o bandelieres_n about_o he_o he_o shall_v command_v silence_n and_o be_v presuppose_v they_o stand_v with_o their_o bandilier_n on_o their_o match_n between_o their_o finger_n their_o musket_n shoulder_v and_o their_o rest_n in_o their_o hand_n the_o officer_n command_v they_o to_o 1_o rest_v your_o musket_n this_o pocture_n be_v perform_v the_o musket_n be_v shoulder_v first_o by_o slip_v it_o posture_n then_o bring_v about_o the_o right_a hand_n and_o grasp_a the_o musket_n at_o the_o breech_n and_o at_o the_o same_o instant_n draw_v in_o your_o right_a heel_n to_o your_o left_a ankle_n with_o a_o small_a jutte_n of_o the_o shoulder_n you_o raise_v the_o piece_n and_o poise_v it_o in_o the_o right_a hand_n be_v stretch_v out_o with_o the_o musquet-rest_n in_o the_o left_a hand_n likewise_o stretch_v out_o then_o bring_v about_o your_o left_a hand_n and_o foot_n you_o meet_v the_o musket_n with_o your_o rest_n place_v it_o upon_o the_o ground_n aslant_a from_o you_o your_o thumb_n press_v the_o side_n of_o the_o barrel_n and_o the_o fork_n of_o the_o rest_n together_o your_o right_a leg_n be_v bring_v a_o little_a forward_o stand_v with_o a_o full_a body_n towards_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o piece_n the_o but_o end_n close_o to_o your_o side_n above_o your_o huckle_n bone_n 2_o poise_n your_o musket_n this_o posture_n be_v perform_v perform_v by_o bring_v up_o the_o right_a leg_n to_o the_o ankle_n of_o the_o left_a the_o piece_n be_v stay_v upon_o the_o rest_n by_o the_o pinch_a of_o the_o thumb_n the_o right_a hand_n at_o the_o same_o motion_n grasp_v the_o piece_n at_o the_o breech_n the_o middle_a joint_n of_o the_o forefinger_n place_v under_o the_o pan_n musket_n the_o upper_a joint_n next_o the_o hand_n just_a with_o the_o breech-pin_n the_o thumb_n upon_o the_o inside_n of_o the_o stock_n a_o little_a press_v down_o the_o right_a hand_n and_o raise_v the_o left_a with_o the_o rest_n you_o receive_v it_o and_o hold_v it_o at_o arm_n end_v with_o the_o mouth_n plum_n upward_o the_o rest_n in_o the_o left_a hand_n with_o the_o arm_n outstretched_a the_o right_a foot_n be_v remove_v sideways_o at_o the_o same_o instant_n with_o the_o right_a hand_n the_o body_n will_v stand_v full_a and_o comely_a 3_o shoulder_v your_o musket_n the_o musket_n be_v poise_v ground_n you_o must_v bring_v about_o your_o right_a hand_n draw_v up_o the_o heel_n of_o your_o right_a foot_n to_o your_o left_a ankle_n and_o as_o your_o musket_n be_v ready_a to_o touch_v your_o left_a shoulder_n you_o must_v at_o the_o same_o instant_n bring_v about_o your_o left_a hand_n over_o the_o but_o end_n of_o the_o piece_n with_o the_o rest_n in_o it_o the_o ground_n end_n of_o your_o rest_n point_v towards_o your_o right_a thigh_n join_v the_o searâ—_n of_o the_o piece_n close_o to_o your_o shoulder_n note_v when_o you_o intend_v to_o poise_v it_o as_o in_o the_o former_a posture_n you_o must_v turn_v the_o point_n of_o your_o rest_n inward_o toward_o your_o left_a thigh_n and_o withal_o let_v the_o piece_n slip_v a_o little_a the_o breech_n will_v lie_v fit_a for_o the_o right_a hand_n to_o receive_v it_o 4_o take_v your_o rest_n in_o your_o right_a hand_n fit_a for_o march_v there_o need_v no_o great_a comment_n upon_o this_o posture_n only_o when_o the_o musket_n be_v shoulder_v you_o be_v take_v the_o rest_n into_o your_o right_a hand_n for_o to_o be_v a_o stay_n unto_o you_o in_o your_o march_n 5_o take_v your_o match_n between_o the_o finger_n of_o your_o right_a hand_n march_v this_o posture_n be_v perform_v by_o bring_v about_o your_o right_a hand_n and_o between_o the_o forefinger_n and_o thumb_n thereof_o take_v the_o match_n within_o a_o inch_n of_o the_o coal_n from_o between_o the_o little_a and_o three_o finger_n of_o the_o left_a hand_n then_o hold_v your_o right_a hand_n out_o from_o your_o body_n 6._o put_v your_o rest_n string_n about_o your_o left_a wrist_n and_o carry_v your_o rest_n in_o your_o left_a hand_n there_o need_v no_o great_a circumstance_n about_o this_o posture_n only_o you_o have_v the_o rest_n in_o your_o right_a hand_n upon_o a_o march_n you_o now_o put_v on_o the_o string_n upon_o the_o left_a hand_n hold_v the_o rest_n in_o it_o over_o the_o but_o end_n of_o the_o musket_n by_o which_o you_o be_v in_o a_o readiness_n to_o make_v present_a use_n of_o it_o 7_o return_v your_o match_n between_o the_o finger_n of_o the_o left_a hand_n this_o posture_n be_v perform_v have_v the_o match_n between_o the_o finger_n and_o the_o thumb_n of_o the_o right_a hand_n you_o be_v to_o bring_v your_o arm_n about_o towards_o the_o left_a hand_n there_o place_v the_o coal_n end_n of_o the_o match_n between_o the_o middle_n and_o three_o finger_n thereof_o the_o light_a end_n to_o the_o back_n of_o the_o hand-ward_n then_o take_v the_o other_o end_n of_o the_o match_n and_o place_n it_o in_o like_a manner_n between_o the_o three_o and_o little_a finger_n by_o this_o mean_v it_o be_v not_o troublesome_a but_o ready_a to_o be_v
use_v upon_o all_o occasion_n 8_o vnshoulder_n your_o musket_n this_o pcture_n be_v perform_v by_o turn_v the_o point_n of_o your_o rest_n outward_o towards_o your_o left_a knee_n and_o withal_o let_v the_o musket_n slip_v a_o little_a down_o your_o breast_n the_o breech_n of_o the_o piece_n will_v lie_v fair_a for_o the_o right_a hand_n to_o take_v it_o with_o a_o grasp_n just_a under_o the_o pan_n with_o the_o middle_a joint_n of_o the_o forefinger_n the_o uppermost_a joint_n next_o the_o hand_n against_o the_o breech-pin_n and_o the_o thumb_n upon_o the_o stock_n on_o the_o inner_a side_n and_o with_o a_o small_a jutte_n the_o left_a hand_n with_o the_o rest_n be_v take_v off_o from_o the_o stock_n the_o right_a hand_n will_v poise_v it_o up_o stand_v with_o a_o full_a body_n the_o mouth_n of_o the_o piece_n right_o up_o and_o arm_n outstretched_a as_o more_o plain_o in_o the_o first_o posture_n be_v discource_v of_o not_o forget_v to_o let_v the_o foot_n act_n with_o the_o hand_n 9_o join_v your_o rest_n to_o the_o outside_n of_o your_o musket_n the_o musket_n be_v poise_v you_o be_v to_o step_v forward_o with_o your_o left_a leg_n and_o withal_o bring_v your_o left_a hand_n with_o your_o thumb_n press_v against_o the_o inner_a side_n of_o the_o fork_n of_o your_o rest_n then_o draw_v in_o your_o right_a elbow_n you_o gentle_o let_v the_o musket_n and_o the_o rest_v meet_v the_o upper_a side_n of_o the_o fork_n place_v against_o the_o outside_n of_o the_o stock_n the_o thumb_n press_v the_o low_a and_o the_o end_n of_o the_o rest_v lock_v in_o the_o inâ—ide_n of_o the_o but_o end_n of_o the_o piece_n it_o rest_v in_o a_o equal_a balance_n in_o the_o left_a hand_n 10._o open._n 11._o clear_v 12._o prime_a 13._o shut_v your_o pan._n the_o musket_n and_o rest_n be_v join_v together_o with_o your_o two_o fore-finger_n thrust_v between_o the_o barrel_n and_o the_o tip_n of_o the_o pan_n thrust_v they_o sideways_o make_v it_o open_a with_o ease_n then_o with_o the_o boale_n of_o your_o thumb_n press_v down_o into_o the_o pan_n and_o wring_v about_o clear_v it_o then_o take_v your_o primer_n in_o your_o right_a hand_n and_o knock_v it_o gentle_o against_o the_o side_n of_o the_o pan_n until_o the_o concavity_n of_o it_o be_v fill_v then_o with_o your_o finger_n shut_v ti_fw-mi and_o a_o little_a turn_v the_o butt_n end_n of_o your_o musket_n from_o you_o give_v te_fw-mi a_o jog_v or_o two_o 14._o cast_v off_o your_o loose_a corn_n the_o musket_n be_v prime_v together_o and_o the_o pan_n shut_v you_o be_v to_o turn_v the_o butt_n end_n from_o your_o right_a side_n a_o little_a distance_n as_o the_o piece_n rest_v upon_o the_o rest_n then_o with_o a_o shogge_n or_o two_o shake_v off_o the_o superfluous_a corn_n of_o powder_n to_o prevent_v take_v of_o fire_n when_o you_o try_v your_o match_n 15._o blow_v off_o your_o loose_a corn_n 16._o and_o cast_v about_o your_o musket_n to_o your_o left_a side_n this_o posture_n of_o blow_v off_o the_o loose_a corn_n be_v to_o be_v perform_v either_o the_o musket_n be_v rest_v as_o i_o have_v say_v before_o or_o when_o the_o musket_n and_o the_o rest_n be_v join_v together_o for_o the_o first_o you_o be_v only_o to_o stoop_v with_o your_o head_n and_o with_o a_o puff_n or_o two_o blow_v they_o off_o otherwise_o you_o be_v to_o bring_v the_o musket_n towards_o your_o head_n tillue_v the_o pan_n somewhat_o from_o you_o and_o with_o a_o sudden_a strong_a blast_n beat_v they_o off_o so_o that_o when_o the_o match_n be_v try_v it_o may_v not_o endanger_v the_o fire_n now_o for_o the_o cast_n about_o your_o musket_n after_o the_o loose_a corn_n be_v blow_v off_o it_o be_v but_o slip_v back_o your_o left_a leg_n and_o you_o hold_v your_o musket_n and_o rest_n together_o in_o your_o left_a hand_n with_o your_o right_a hand_n you_o convey_v the_o butt_n end_n of_o the_o piece_n on_o to_o the_o left_a side_n and_o in_o the_o motion_n turn_v the_o stock_n upward_o and_o let_v your_o rest_n slip_v you_o may_v easy_o charge_v 17._o trail_v your_o rest._n 18._o balance_v your_o musket_n in_o your_o left_a hand_n this_o posture_n be_v perform_v after_o the_o musket_n be_v bring_v about_o to_o the_o left_a side_n ground_n stepping_z forward_z with_o your_o right_a foot_n and_o at_o the_o same_o instant_n you_o bring_v about_o your_o musket_n and_o withal_o your_o right_a hand_n grasp_v the_o barrel_n of_o the_o piece_n some_o foot_n from_o the_o mouth_n until_o the_o rest_n be_v slip_v and_o trail_v and_o the_o piece_n balance_v in_o the_o left_a hand_n fit_a for_o to_o charge_n 19_o charge_v 20._o with_o powder_n bullet_n this_o posture_n be_v perform_v after_o the_o musket_n be_v balance_v in_o your_o left_a hand_n by_o take_v one_o of_o the_o charge_n of_o your_o bandelieres_n in_o your_o right_a hand_n and_o pull_v the_o lid_n of_o it_o off_o with_o your_o tooth_n then_o thrust_v the_o mouth_n of_o the_o charge_n into_o the_o bore_n of_o the_o piece_n give_v it_o a_o shogge_n or_o two_o that_o the_o powder_n may_v empty_v into_o it_o then_o give_v the_o piece_n another_o jog_v with_o the_o butt_n end_n of_o it_o against_o the_o ground_n to_o make_v the_o powder_n sink_v to_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o barrel_n then_o have_v your_o bullet_n ready_a in_o your_o mouth_n and_o take_v it_o in_o your_o right_a hand_n between_o your_o forefinger_n and_o thumb_n set_v your_o right_a leg_n forward_o towards_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o piece_n as_o you_o bring_v your_o hand_n to_o the_o same_o let_v the_o bullet_n drop_v in_o with_o a_o jog_v to_o sink_v it_o to_o the_o powder_n or_o by_o ram_v it_o down_o with_o the_o gunne-sticke_a 21._o draw_v forth_o 22._o shorten_v your_o scowring-stick_a this_o posture_n be_v perform_v by_o draw_v forth_o the_o scouring-stick_a with_o the_o right_a hand_n at_o three_o even_o pull_v the_o low_a side_n of_o your_o hand_n towards_o the_o upper_a end_n of_o the_o musket_n the_o scouring-stick_a be_v thus_o produce_v you_o be_v to_o shorten_v it_o against_o your_o breast_n your_o hand_n slip_v down_o almost_o to_o the_o low_a end_n of_o it_o so_o that_o with_o ease_n it_o may_v be_v put_v into_o the_o mouth_n then_o thrust_v it_o down_o part_n of_o the_o way_n at_o the_o second_o motion_n and_o ram_v down_o the_o powder_n at_o the_o three_o 23._o put_v your_o scowring-stick_a into_o your_o musket_n this_o posture_n be_v perform_v as_o before_o be_v say_v after_o the_o scouring-stick_a be_v produce_v and_o shorten_v the_o right_a hand_n hold_v it_o close_o by_o the_o low_a end_n the_o right_a foot_n be_v set_v out_o a_o pretty_a step_n towards_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o piece_n be_v with_o ease_n put_v in_o and_o ram_v down_o 24._o ram_v home_o your_o charge_n this_o be_v perform_v after_o the_o scouring-stick_a be_v enter_v the_o boar_n of_o the_o barrel_n about_o a_o handful_n then_o at_o two_o motion_n more_o you_o thrust_v it_o down_o to_o the_o powder_n or_o bullet_n give_v a_o good_a jobbe_n or_o two_o down_n that_o the_o bullet_n may_v be_v home_o to_o the_o powder_n 25._o withdraw_v 26._o shorten_v 27._o return_v your_o scour_a stick_n this_o posture_n be_v perform_v by_o take_v the_o scowring-stick_a in_o your_o right_a hand_n the_o upperside_n of_o your_o hand_n towards_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o piece_n so_o that_o all_o your_o finger_n take_v the_o stick_n flat_a about_o the_o middle_n the_o joint_n upon_o the_o outside_n of_o it_o and_o the_o thumb_n upon_o the_o inside_n then_o make_v three_o even_o distinct_a pull_v in_o withdraw_v it_o turn_v your_o hand_n so_o as_o the_o small_a end_n of_o the_o stick_n be_v towards_o your_o breast_n then_o shorten_v it_o against_o the_o same_o you_o have_v it_o fit_a to_o return_v into_o the_o stock_n which_o be_v to_o be_v do_v likewise_o at_o three_o even_a portion_n 28._o bring_v forward_o your_o musket_n and_o rest._n this_o posture_n be_v perform_v after_o the_o scowring-stick_a be_v return_v by_o draw_v back_o your_o right_a foot_n and_o bring_v your_o musket_n with_o your_o left_a hand_n before_o you_o so_o as_o the_o barrel_n of_o the_o piece_n may_v be_v towards_o your_o breast_n the_o rest_n be_v to_o trail_n after_o by_o the_o string_n that_o hang_v upon_o your_o wrist_n 29._o poise_v your_o musket_n and_o recover_v your_o rest._n this_o posture_n be_v perform_v your_o right_a heel_n be_v draw_v in_o towards_o the_o small_a of_o your_o left_a foot_n at_o the_o same_o instant_n your_o right_a hand_n be_v to_o take_v the_o piece_n below_o under_o at_o the_o great_a screw_n then_o poise_v it_o upward_o set_v your_o right_a foot_n out_o again_o then_o bring_v your_o rest_n forward_o with_o your_o left_a hand_n so_o far_o
of_o your_o right_a foot_n with_o the_o stock_n towards_o you_o your_o right_a hand_n hold_v it_o somewhat_o more_o than_o half_a way_n towards_o the_o mouth_n you_o stand_v with_o a_o full_a body_n boult_v upright_o with_o the_o musket_n in_o the_o same_o manner_n by_o your_o right_a side_n 53_o lay_v down_o your_o musket_n &_o rest._n match_v this_o posture_n be_v perform_v by_o step_v forward_o with_o your_o right_a foot_n your_o self_n and_o piece_n stand_v as_o in_o the_o precedent_a posture_n then_o decline_v with_o your_o body_n you_o lay_v it_o down_o gentle_o with_o the_o mouth_n in_o a_o right_a line_n from_o you_o and_o and_o the_o lock_n upward_o after_o the_o same_o manner_n also_o your_o rest_n and_o match_n be_v to_o be_v dispose_v of_o 54_o take_v off_o 55_o lay_v down_o your_o bandelier_n after_o your_o hand_n be_v free_a from_o your_o musket_n match_n and_o rest_v you_o may_v with_o your_o left_a hand_n take_v off_o your_o hat_n which_o may_v hinder_v you_o and_o with_o your_o right_a hand_n neat_o convey_v they_o over_o your_o head_n and_o so_o as_o before_o lay_v they_o down_o along_o by_o the_o side_n of_o your_o musket_n but_o so_o as_o the_o match_n may_v not_o fire_v they_o 56_o march_n from_o your_o arm_n this_o be_v principal_o use_v to_o make_v the_o soldier_n apt_a and_o ready_a to_o find_v their_o own_o place_n again_o and_o to_o be_v quick_a in_o re-arming_a themselves_o upon_o a_o sudden_a alarm_n the_o sentinel_n posture_n be_v no_o otherwise_o then_o have_v your_o musket_n rest_v prime_v and_o charge_v with_o powder_n and_o bullet_n for_o your_o better_a ease_n and_o readiness_n to_o give_v fire_n upon_o the_o enemy_n to_o make_v a_o alarm_n you_o stand_v at_o that_o posture_n with_o the_o but_o end_n of_o your_o musket_n at_o your_o right_a huckle_n bone_n with_o a_o light_a match_n cock_v the_o mouth_n of_o the_o piece_n somewhat_o mount_v and_o your_o hand_n grasp_a the_o stock_n with_o your_o finger_n upon_o the_o seare_n and_o this_o shall_v suffice_v for_o the_o posture_n of_o the_o musket_n only_o you_o be_v to_o draw_v your_o file_n into_o a_o even_a body_n again_o fit_a to_o join_v with_o the_o body_n of_o pike_n chap._n lxxvii_o how_o aâ—_n officer_n be_v to_o 〈◊〉_d himself_o in_o the_o 〈◊〉_d of_o the_o pike_n and_o 〈…〉_z soldier_n â—s_v to_o imitate_v he_o punctual_o from_o posture_n to_o posture_n the_o officer_n have_v dispose_v his_o piâ—â—emen_n as_o before_o be_v show_v and_o stand_v in_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o ring_n with_o a_o pike_n in_o his_o hand_n after_o he_o have_v â—â—â—â—â—â—ded_v silence_n and_o be_v presuppose_v that_o the_o soldier_n stand_v with_o their_o pike_n advance_v the_o officer_n command_v they_o to_o order_n your_o pike_n this_o posture_n be_v perform_v the_o pike_n be_v advance_v by_o draw_v in_o your_o left_a heel_n towards_o the_o small_a of_o your_o right_a foot_n and_o at_o the_o same_o instant_n raise_v your_o left_a hand_n as_o far_o as_o you_o can_v indifferent_o stretch_v it_o you_o grasp_v the_o pike_n in_o it_o towards_o the_o top_n of_o your_o head_n than_o loosen_a your_o right_a hand_n which_o hold_v the_o but_o end_n of_o the_o pike_n and_o withal_o sink_v your_o left_a hand_n with_o the_o pike_n in_o it_o as_o low_a as_o your_o skirt_n you_o again_o raise_v up_o your_o right_a hand_n and_o guide_v the_o pike_n with_o your_o left_a you_o place_v the_o but_o end_n of_o it_o by_o the_o outside_n of_o your_o right_a foot_n your_o right_a hand_n hold_v it_o even_o with_o your_o eye_n and_o your_o thumb_n right_o up_o then_o remove_v your_o leg_n to_o his_o former_a station_n your_o left_a arm_n be_v set_v a_o kimbo_n by_o your_o side_n you_o shall_v stand_v with_o a_o full_a body_n in_o a_o comely_a posture_n advance_v your_o pike_n the_o pike_n be_v order_v as_o in_o the_o former_a posture_n be_v show_v without_o change_v of_o your_o hold_n you_o must_v with_o your_o right_a hand_n lift_v the_o pike_n a_o little_a from_o the_o 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divisionall_a countermarche_n of_o file_n only_o observe_v by_o the_o way_n that_o as_o the_o front_n half-file_n empty_v the_o space_n of_o ground_n between_o the_o leader_n and_o the_o halfe-file_n leader_n place_v themselves_o in_o the_o ground_n before_o the_o front_n so_o in_o the_o mean_a time_n their_o place_n be_v to_o be_v replenish_v by_o the_o soldier_n of_o the_o rear_n halfe-file_n who_o be_v to_o march_v up_o and_o supply_v their_o room_n fileleader_n and_o bringer_n up_o stand_v the_o rest_n pass_v through_o to_o the_o right_n and_o place_n yourselves_o before_o your_o leader_n and_o bringer_n up_o this_o divisionall_a lacedaemonian_a countermarch_v make_v semblance_n of_o fall_v on_o or_o charge_v the_o enemy_n both_o to_o front_n and_o rear_n rank_n and_o leave_v all_o the_o ground_n whereon_o they_o stand_v transfer_v they_o into_o the_o ground_n before_o the_o front_n and_o behind_o the_o rear_n the_o ground_n or_o place_n of_o their_o former_a stand_v be_v vacant_a 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upon_o the_o passage_n and_o how_o the_o outguarde_n be_v to_o be_v place_v with_o divers_a other_o observation_n thereunto_o belong_v have_v former_o discourse_v of_o such_o rule_n and_o observation_n as_o be_v most_o requisite_a and_o pertinent_a for_o the_o march_v of_o a_o army_n in_o this_o chapter_n i_o find_v it_o convenient_a that_o we_o shall_v show_v such_o rule_n and_o observation_n as_o be_v most_o useful_a for_o the_o secure_a encamp_a of_o a_o army_n wherein_o there_o be_v great_a wisdom_n and_o circumspection_n to_o be_v use_v in_o the_o well_o manage_v of_o the_o same_o wherefore_o first_o there_o be_v two_o thing_n offer_v to_o our_o consideration_n viz._n whether_o a_o army_n be_v to_o be_v quarter_v but_o for_o a_o night_n or_o for_o to_o be_v encamp_v for_o a_o long_a season_n and_o from_o these_o two_o question_n there_o be_v a_o three_o produce_v viz._n whether_o the_o army_n of_o your_o enemy_n be_v at_o hand_n or_o far_o remote_a now_o in_o regard_n in_o the_o former_a discourse_n of_o march_v i_o have_v touch_v brief_o the_o manner_n of_o quarter_a a_o army_n for_o a_o night_n or_o two_o upon_o a_o march_n where_o most_o usual_o no_o enemy_n be_v near_o it_o be_v then_o a_o matter_n of_o no_o such_o consequence_n as_o it_o be_v when_o a_o army_n must_v pitch_v down_o his_o quarter_n or_o entrenchment_n for_o a_o long_a season_n and_o perchance_o in_o the_o face_n of_o the_o enemy_n therefore_o i_o will_v be_v spare_v in_o the_o first_o and_o also_o be_v as_o brief_a as_o the_o subject_n will_v permit_v in_o the_o second_o viz._n the_o encamp_a a_o army_n for_o some_o long_a time_n wherein_o also_o there_o be_v two_o thing_n considerable_a viz._n the_o strength_n of_o the_o enemy_n force_n and_o the_o nearness_n of_o his_o camp_n for_o we_o must_v observe_v that_o slight_a intrenchment_n be_v of_o sufficiency_n to_o safeguard_v a_o army_n where_o the_o enemy_n be_v weak_a and_o his_o camp_n far_o remote_a in_o the_o next_o place_n we_o be_v to_o have_v a_o due_a respect_n to_o the_o situation_n and_o commodiousness_n of_o water_n wood_n forage_n for_o the_o horse_n and_o a_o safe_a and_o convenient_a recourse_n for_o to_o convey_v victual_n and_o necessary_n to_o the_o camp_n which_o must_v be_v either_o by_o land_n or_o water_n these_o thing_n be_v due_o consider_v the_o army_n be_v draw_v to_o the_o place_n of_o incampment_n stand_v in_o battalion_n the_o quartermaster_n general_n be_v direct_v by_o the_o lord_n general_n of_o the_o army_n be_v to_o lot_n out_o the_o station_n of_o ground_n for_o every_o regiment_n to_o be_v quarter_v in_o then_o the_o quartermaster_n of_o each_o particular_a regiment_n be_v to_o line_v out_o every_o particular_a company_n station_n in_o the_o regiment_n begin_v with_o the_o elder_a regiment_n and_o in_o every_o regiment_n the_o elder_a company_n which_o be_v to_o be_v place_v at_o the_o right_a hand_n and_o so_o successive_o every_o company_n according_a to_o his_o antiquity_n and_o every_o regiment_n according_a to_o they_o in_o the_o mean_a time_n the_o earl_n martial_n the_o sergeant_n major_n scout-master_n be_v to_o take_v notice_n what_o passage_n and_o place_n of_o access_n be_v whereby_o the_o enemy_n may_v approach_v to_o this_o camp_n and_o in_o the_o convenient_a place_n of_o they_o they_o be_v to_o command_v double_a guard_n both_o of_o horse_n and_o foot_n to_o be_v place_v for_o the_o secure_n of_o the_o army_n whilst_o the_o intrenchment_n be_v make_v before_o the_o principal_a work_n of_o the_o camp_n be_v to_o be_v raise_v there_o must_v be_v redouts_o speedy_o make_v upon_o all_o such_o passage_n to_o lodge_v those_o outguard_n in_o and_o for_o the_o same_o purpose_n the_o pioner_n and_o soldier_n be_v to_o make_v what_o speed_n possible_o may_v be_v these_o redout_n be_v to_o be_v make_v in_o greatness_n as_o the_o place_n require_v number_n of_o soldier_n to_o defend_v it_o viz._n upon_o a_o small_a passage_n where_o the_o enemy_n be_v not_o to_o be_v expect_v there_o a_o triangular_a redout_n sufficient_a to_o contain_v thirty_o or_o forty_o man_n be_v requisite_a if_o the_o passage_n be_v more_o dangerous_a than_o a_o fouresquare_a redout_n which_o may_v hold_v eighty_o or_o a_o hundred_o man_n but_o upon_o the_o chief_a passage_n of_o all_o either_o a_o sconce_n be_v to_o be_v build_v or_o otherwise_o two_o redout_n which_o may_v be_v either_o fouresquare_a or_o triangular_a one_o be_v raise_v upon_o one_o side_n of_o the_o way_n the_o other_o somewhat_o wide_a upon_o the_o other_o side_n of_o the_o way_n with_o the_o point_n or_o corner_n of_o the_o work_n towards_o the_o enemy_n approach_n by_o reason_n more_o hand_n may_v be_v bring_v to_o give_v fire_n upon_o they_o from_o the_o two_o side_n which_o make_v the_o angle_n or_o point_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n whilst_o this_o be_v in_o agitation_n the_o front_n of_o the_o army_n be_v to_o be_v pallizadoe_v with_o such_o stake_n as_o be_v describe_v in_o the_o discourse_n of_o warlike_a instrument_n which_o be_v to_o be_v drive_v one_o within_o a_o foot_n of_o another_o these_o shall_v keep_v off_o both_o the_o horse_n and_o the_o foot_n if_o they_o shall_v break_v through_o the_o guard_n then_o as_o soon_o as_o convenient_o may_v be_v the_o work_n be_v to_o be_v raise_v of_o the_o quarter_n and_o as_o they_o finish_v the_o pallizadoe_n be_v to_o be_v pull_v up_o again_o as_o hereafter_o in_o this_o discourse_n we_o shall_v speak_v more_o plain_o of_o the_o prince_n of_o orange_n use_v also_o many_o time_n to_o place_n redout_v more_o inward_a within_o musket-shot_a one_o of_o another_o to_o secure_v the_o camp_n the_o horse_n guard_n be_v within_o the_o outmost_a redout_n but_o their_o horse-sentinel_n be_v set_v out_o perdue_n beyond_o the_o further_a work_n and_o also_o beyond_o the_o foot-sentinel_n which_o be_v always_o place_v a_o good_a distance_n from_o the_o work_n upon_o the_o passage_n that_o they_o may_v give_v the_o alarm_n 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redout_n be_v to_o be_v relieve_v every_o night_n before_o sunset_n with_o fresh_a company_n from_o the_o main_a camp_n where_o no_o soldier_n be_v to_o pull_v off_o his_o armour_n or_o set_v down_o his_o pike_n or_o musket_n until_o they_o be_v all_o enter_v the_o work_n and_o the_o sentinel_n set_v out_o in_o their_o due_a place_n every_o several_a redout_n have_v a_o particular_a name_n to_o distinguish_v one_o from_o the_o other_o pallizadoe_v and_o the_o officer_n must_v draw_v billet_n who_o shall_v have_v the_o guard_n in_o they_o so_o that_o no_o officer_n shall_v aforehand_o know_v his_o guard_n to_o avoid_v treachery_n these_o redout_n may_v be_v pallizadoe_v to_o make_v the_o defence_n more_o strong_a against_o the_o enemy_n which_o be_v perform_v after_o this_o manner_n when_o the_o work_n be_v raise_v near_o the_o top_n then_o lay_v in_o some_o sharp_a stake_n of_o hard_a wood_n a_o yard_n into_o the_o ground_n and_o as_o much_o out_o of_o the_o ground_n three_o quarter_n of_o a_o foot_n asunder_o but_o these_o kind_n of_o work_n be_v seldom_o pallizadoe_v unless_o they_o be_v very_o great_a and_o set_v in_o dangerous_a place_n for_o assault_v now_o we_o be_v to_o show_v how_o the_o main_a quarter_n be_v to_o be_v fortify_v entrench_v wherein_o we_o be_v to_o dispose_v the_o form_n of_o it_o according_a as_o the_o situation_n shall_v direct_v we_o but_o by_o the_o way_n we_o must_v make_v sure_a that_o no_o hilly_a ground_n be_v near_o the_o quarter_n fear_v leave_v the_o enemy_n take_v it_o for_o his_o advantage_n and_o so_o annoy_v the_o camp_n with_o his_o ordnance_n if_o such_o a_o place_n shall_v be_v either_o it_o must_v be_v level_v or_o else_o a_o work_n raise_v upon_o it_o to_o defend_v it_o if_o a_o army_n may_v have_v such_o a_o advantage_n to_o be_v quarter_v near_o
2072_o man_n the_o just_a number_n to_o impale_v both_o the_o flank_n with_o seven_o rank_n of_o pike_n and_o shot_n the_o rear_n of_o this_o battle_n be_v 143_o pace_n in_o breadth_n from_o the_o inmost_a flank_n of_o each_o impalement_n of_o the_o wing_n this_o 143_o must_v be_v bring_v into_o foot_n by_o multiply_v it_o by_o 5_o which_o amount_v to_o 715_o foot_n this_o 715_o be_v likewise_o divide_v by_o the_o quantity_n of_o ground_n each_o soldier_n take_v in_o breast_n or_o rank_n be_v 3_o foot_n the_o quotient_n be_v 238_o and_o one_o odd_a this_o be_v multiply_v again_o by_o 7_o for_o so_o many_o rank_n they_o must_v be_v in_o depth_n the_o quotient_n will_v be_v add_v the_o 7_o odd_a man_n 1673_o for_o so_o many_o man_n the_o rear_n will_v take_v up_o to_o impale_v it_o with_o seven_o rank_n now_o in_o regard_n it_o be_v at_o the_o general_n pleasure_n to_o order_v his_o form_n of_o imbattel_v after_o what_o manner_n he_o see_v best_o therefore_o to_o show_v you_o a_o more_o plain_a example_n of_o this_o former_a discourse_n let_v we_o suppose_v our_o strength_n of_o foot_n to_o be_v 8000_o pike_n and_o shot_n and_o 300_o horse_n and_o that_o the_o space_n of_o ground_n before_o specify_v be_v the_o field_n wherein_o i_o must_v order_v this_o battle_n and_o see_v it_o be_v the_o general_n pleasure_n to_o divide_v the_o main_a battle_n in_o regard_n of_o the_o straightness_n of_o the_o ground_n into_o three_o grand_a battalia_n distinguish_v by_o the_o name_n of_o the_o right_a wing_n the_o battle_n and_o the_o left_a wing_n or_o van_n battle_n and_o rear-ward_n these_o grand_a battalia_n be_v to_o be_v divide_v into_o lesser_a battalia_n or_o squadron_n as_o namely_o the_o right_a wing_n into_o two_o squadron_n the_o battle_n into_o four_o and_o the_o left_a wing_n into_o two_o for_o the_o straightness_n of_o ground_n will_v not_o admit_v of_o more_o the_o distance_n betwixt_o these_o battalia_n or_o squadron_n must_v be_v understand_v as_o namely_o 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betwixt_o the_o impalement_n and_o the_o horse_n upon_o the_o right_a wing_n be_v ten_o pace_n also_o the_o distance_n betwixt_o the_o left_a wing_n and_o the_o horse_n be_v likewise_o ten_o pace_n the_o space_n of_o ground_n the_o horse_n take_v up_o for_o their_o station_n they_o be_v range_v but_o ten_o in_o rank_n or_o breast_n be_v ten_o pace_n allow_v five_o foot_n for_o every_o horse_n upon_o both_o flank_n they_o take_v up_o twenty_o pace_n and_o the_o space_n for_o their_o fall_v off_o when_o they_o have_v discharge_v must_v be_v one_o pace_n at_o least_o on_o both_o the_o wing_n two_o pace_n now_o these_o distance_n be_v account_v and_o sum_v up_o together_o we_o may_v present_o see_v how_o many_o soldier_n may_v be_v place_v in_o rank_n or_o breast_n in_o the_o foremost_a main_a battle_n the_o ground_n be_v but_o 204_o pace_n broad_a you_o have_v take_v a_o survey_n of_o the_o distance_n betwixt_o each_o squadron_n or_o battalion_n with_o the_o ground_n the_o impalement_n of_o shot_n and_o pike_n take_v up_o and_o the_o space_n between_o the_o impalement_n and_o the_o horse_n with_o the_o ground_n the_o horse_n take_v up_o for_o their_o station_n you_o shall_v find_v it_o to_o be_v 81_o pace_n be_v the_o near_a distance_n that_o possible_o can_v be_v allow_v in_o regard_n of_o the_o narrowness_n of_o the_o ground_n now_o if_o you_o deduct_v 81_o pace_n from_o 204_o which_o be_v the_o breadth_n of_o the_o ground_n there_o will_v remain_v 123_o pace_n for_o to_o place_v their_o foremost_a main_a battle_n in_o these_o 123_o pace_n be_v bring_v into_o foot_n by_o multiply_v they_o by_o 5_o the_o product_n will_v be_v 615._o this_o again_o be_v divide_v by_o 3_o be_v the_o space_n each_o soldier_n take_v to_o use_v his_o arm_n in_o the_o quotient_a show_v that_o 205_o man_n may_v stand_v in_o rank_n or_o breast_n in_o the_o foremost_a main_a battle_n this_o 205_o be_v also_o multiply_v by_o 10_o for_o so_o many_o man_n each_o file_n must_v have_v in_o depth_n the_o product_n show_v that_o the_o main_a battle_n must_v consist_v of_o 2050_o soldier_n these_o 2050_o soldier_n be_v divide_v by_o 8_o be_v the_o number_n of_o battalia_n in_o the_o main_a battle_n the_o quotient_a do_v show_v there_o be_v 256_o in_o each_o battalion_n only_o two_o odd_a man_n be_v to_o be_v join_v with_o 30_o soldier_n more_o and_o to_o be_v distribute_v among_o the_o 8_o battalia_n viz._n four_o man_n in_o each_o battalion_n to_o make_v the_o file_n even_o so_o that_o then_o there_o will_v be_v in_o each_o battalion_n 260_o soldier_n as_o the_o figure_n demonstrate_v now_o it_o be_v to_o be_v suppose_v that_o there_o be_v depth_n enough_o in_o this_o piece_n of_o ground_n to_o imbattell_v two_o such_o battle_n more_o one_o in_o the_o rear_n of_o another_o and_o may_v be_v allow_v 20_o pace_n in_o distance_n betwixt_o each_o battle_n and_o 7_o pace_n in_o depth_n beside_o for_o the_o carriage_n to_o be_v place_v in_o as_o i_o shall_v show_v you_o 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