of_o rome_n must_v be_v distinguish_v from_o the_o pomaerium_fw-la which_o be_v at_o first_o without_o the_o city_n be_v afterward_o one_o part_n of_o it_o within_o the_o wall_n and_o the_o other_o without_o because_o that_o those_o that_o enlarge_v the_o wall_n be_v also_o oblige_v at_o the_o same_o time_n to_o enlarge_v the_o pomaerium_fw-la the_o augur_n so_o manage_v the_o matter_n that_o all_o which_o have_v this_o quality_n before_o preserve_v itself_o he_o also_o say_v that_o when_o they_o make_v their_o city_n big_a they_o proportionable_o remove_v certain_a place_n without_o take_v from_o they_o their_o ancient_a name_n for_o example_n the_o grove_n of_o the_o muse_n and_o the_o cave_n of_o egeria_n or_o numa_n be_v often_o remove_v be_v once_o but_o a_o little_a distance_n from_o the_o gate_n of_o capena_n which_o in_o the_o time_n of_o this_o king_n be_v not_o very_o far_o from_o the_o middle_n of_o rome_n but_o after_o a_o while_n this_o grove_n and_o this_o cave_n be_v find_v at_o aricia_n near_o the_o outmost_a part_n of_o the_o city_n fifteen_o thousand_o pace_n from_o the_o place_n where_o the_o gate_n of_o capena_n ancient_o stand_v this_o observation_n may_v serve_v for_o a_o answer_n to_o a_o passage_n in_o pliny_n where_o it_o be_v say_v that_o rome_n be_v limit_v at_o the_o east_n by_o the_o caprice_n of_o tarquin_n the_o proud_a for_o if_o any_o will_v infer_v from_o thence_o that_o the_o limit_n of_o the_o town_n be_v only_o distant_a from_o the_o centre_n about_o two_o thousand_o pace_n he_o may_v be_v answer_v that_o this_o distance_n which_o be_v effective_o so_o once_o be_v so_o increase_v in_o proportion_n to_o the_o enlargement_n of_o rome_n because_o the_o monument_n which_o bear_v the_o name_n of_o tarquin_n be_v always_o extend_v to_o the_o utmost_a bound_n of_o the_o city_n our_o author_n add_v that_o it_o be_v vain_o allege_v that_o there_o be_v no_o trace_v leave_v at_o this_o day_n of_o the_o prodigious_a bulk_n of_o rome_n for_o say_v he_o if_o one_o will_v find_v any_o mark_n of_o it_o he_o must_v dig_v sixty_o foot_n deep_a and_o to_o find_v any_o of_o the_o ruin_n of_o nineveh_n or_o babylon_n which_o be_v build_v upon_o soft_a foundation_n he_o must_v dig_v two_o hundred_o foot_n deep_a what_o he_o say_v afterward_o be_v not_o less_o common_a viz._n he_o bring_v a_o long_a list_n of_o the_o numbering_n of_o the_o roman_a people_n from_o the_o time_n of_o servius_n tullius_n to_o the_o year_n of_o rome_n 667._o the_o first_o account_n give_v 130000_o citizen_n that_o of_o the_o year_n 667_o afford_v above_o 46000._o in_o respect_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n it_o be_v hard_a to_o give_v a_o positive_a determination_n because_o they_o be_v never_o reckon_v but_o our_o author_n affirm_v they_o be_v of_o a_o far_o great_a number_n than_o lipsus_n believe_v for_o if_o the_o proportion_n between_o the_o slave_n and_o citizen_n be_v the_o same_o as_o betwixt_o those_o of_o rome_n and_o athens_n where_o for_o 20000_o burgess_n there_o be_v 400000_o slave_n it_o will_v follow_v that_o rome_n contain_v 8000000_o of_o slave_n a_o great_a number_n than_o any_o kingdom_n of_o europe_n whatsoever_o have_v in_o it_o he_o assure_v we_o in_o another_o place_n that_o before_o the_o tyranny_n of_o sylla_n the_o city_n of_o rome_n by_o itself_o have_v as_o many_o inhabitant_n in_o it_o as_o the_o moiety_n of_o europe_n have_v at_o this_o day_n but_o to_o the_o computation_n he_o bring_v he_o suppose_v that_o the_o city_n of_o paris_n and_o that_o of_o london_n join_v together_o will_v fill_v a_o area_n of_o six_o thousand_o pace_n square_a and_o that_o the_o city_n of_o rome_n with_o its_o suburb_n and_o that_o quarter_n beyond_o tiber_n will_v take_v up_o twenty_o time_n a_o great_a square_n than_o those_o six_o thousand_o pace_n he_o suppose_v also_o that_o rome_n be_v at_o least_o as_o well_o people_v as_o paris_n and_o london_n and_o ground_n his_o opinion_n upon_o the_o prodigious_a height_n of_o the_o house_n as_o appear_v by_o augustus_n tax_v they_o at_o 70_o foot_n apiece_o now_o we_o may_v well_o suppose_v here_o with_o those_o who_o be_v not_o carry_v away_o with_o the_o multitude_n in_o their_o computation_n that_o there_o be_v not_o more_o than_o six_o hundred_o thousand_o inhabitant_n in_o each_o of_o those_o city_n that_o i_o have_v name_v in_o another_o place_n he_o be_v not_o so_o liberal_a he_o allow_v only_o that_o number_n to_o two_o city_n join_v together_o he_o conclude_v this_o follow_a proposition_n that_o there_o be_v in_o rome_n fourteen_o million_o of_o inhabitant_n a_o number_n say_v he_o that_o the_o three_o most_o populous_a city_n of_o europe_n will_v not_o supply_v we_o with_o for_o after_o have_v relate_v many_o fine_a thing_n upon_o the_o manner_n how_o rome_n fall_v to_o decay_v upon_o the_o greatness_n of_o babylon_n nineveh_n thebes_n in_o egypt_n alexandria_n carthage_n cairo_n and_o some_o city_n of_o china_n thus_o he_o divide_v the_o different_a nation_n of_o europe_n he_o give_v to_o spain_n two_o million_o of_o inhabitant_n to_o france_n five_o million_o to_o italy_n to_o the_o three_o isle_n of_o sicily_n corsica_n and_o to_o sardinia_n two_o million_o to_o great_a britain_n and_o ireland_n two_o million_o to_o the_o low_a country_n two_o million_o to_o germany_n bohemia_n and_o hungary_n five_o million_o to_o the_o estate_n of_o the_o king_n of_o denmark_n except_v norway_n four_o hundred_o thousand_o to_o the_o estate_n of_o sweedland_n and_o norway_n 600000_o to_o the_o estate_n of_o poland_n a_o million_o and_o a_o half_a to_o turkey_n etc._n etc._n five_o million_o and_o a_o half_a add_v as_o he_o go_v along_o all_o muscovia_n to_o europe_n and_o suppose_v 3000000_o of_o inhabitant_n in_o muscovia_n from_o whence_o it_o follow_v that_o all_o europe_n have_v not_o above_o thirty_o thousand_o person_n inhabitant_n he_o do_v not_o believe_v that_o if_o we_o shall_v join_v the_o inhabitant_n of_o africa_n to_o america_n they_o will_v amount_v to_o a_o hundred_o million_o but_o that_o asia_n be_v more_o populous_a for_o although_o the_o war_n with_o the_o tartar_n have_v destroy_v at_o least_o a_o hundred_o million_o of_o the_o chinese_n yet_o there_o remain_v above_o three_o hundred_o million_o of_o inhabitant_n though_o principal_a part_n whereof_o be_v in_o the_o eastern_a region_n and_o in_o the_o isle_n he_o can_v determine_v of_o the_o southern_a part_n but_o suppose_v that_o all_o the_o person_n in_o the_o world_n do_v not_o exceed_v 500000000._o he_o add_v that_o one_o may_v place_v they_o all_o stand_n on_o a_o superficies_n which_o contain_v a_o german_a league_n in_o length_n and_o as_o much_o in_o breadth_n give_v to_o each_o person_n a_o foot_n square_a from_o whence_o he_o conclude_v that_o lucan_n have_v great_a reason_n to_o say_v that_o rome_n will_v contain_v all_o mankind_n urbem_fw-la populis_fw-la victisque_fw-la frequentem_fw-la gentibus_fw-la &_o generis_fw-la si_fw-la coeat_fw-la turba_fw-la capacem_fw-la humani_fw-la for_o according_a to_o his_o calculation_n the_o ground_n of_o this_o city_n contain_v at_o least_o twenty_o german_a league_n square_a which_o divide_v between_o five_o hundred_o million_o of_o man_n will_v allow_v to_o each_o person_n twenty_o foot_n square_a mr._n vossius_fw-la be_v of_o opinion_n that_o the_o world_n be_v much_o diminish_v and_o have_v lose_v a_o great_a part_n of_o her_o inhabitant_n he_o believe_v there_o be_v former_o more_o man_n in_o sicily_n than_o there_o be_v now_o in_o sicily_n and_o italy_n too_o and_o that_o the_o number_n of_o person_n be_v great_a in_o athens_n only_o than_o now_o it_o be_v in_o all_o greece_n which_o be_v probable_a enough_o and_o therefore_o we_o can_v dispute_v it_o but_o when_o he_o allow_v paris_n but_o three_o hundred_o thousand_o person_n and_o to_o holland_n but_o five_o hundred_o and_o fifty_o thousand_o four_o hundred_o and_o fifty_o to_o the_o city_n and_o a_o hundred_o thousand_o to_o the_o country_n he_o be_v very_o far_o from_o multiply_v upon_o the_o matter_n and_o when_o he_o speak_v of_o china_n he_o think_v he_o can_v number_v too_o many_o he_o believe_v that_o in_o the_o last_o break_v in_o of_o the_o tartar_n there_o be_v in_o china_n a_o hundred_o and_o seventy_o million_o of_o inhabitant_n he_o suppose_v the_o town_n of_o hancheu_o for_o so_o it_o ought_v to_o be_v call_v and_o not_o quinzai_n as_o in_o some_o corrupt_a copy_n be_v inhabit_v with_o near_o twenty_o million_o of_o people_n without_o reckon_v the_o suburb_n and_o with_o take_v they_o in_o with_o more_o than_o all_o europe_n beside_o and_o that_o it_o be_v large_a without_o the_o suburb_n than_o rome_n be_v with_o they_o when_o he_o speak_v of_o that_o country_n the_o man_n cost_v he_o nothing_o but_o he_o be_v afraid_a that_o all_o the_o european_n will_v complain_v of_o his_o
of_o great_a purity_n and_o it_o be_v also_o the_o name_n that_o the_o chinois_n themselves_o common_o do_v give_v it_o they_o call_v it_o also_o very_a often_o tien-hia_a or_o kingdom_n which_o contain_v all_o that_o be_v under_o heaven_n these_o people_n be_v prepossess_v with_o a_o fancy_n of_o the_o greatness_n of_o their_o empire_n that_o they_o reckon_v as_o nothing_o all_o the_o state_n of_o the_o universe_n beside_o stranger_n do_v also_o call_v it_o after_o several_a different_a name_n catai_n mangi_n etc._n etc._n but_o the_o most_o part_n call_v it_o china_n a_o name_n that_o our_o author_n bring_v either_o from_o the_o family_n chin_n which_o govern_v 169_o year_n after_o jesus_n christ_n or_o more_o apparent_o yet_o from_o the_o family_n cin_n which_o reign_v 246_o year_n before_o jesus_n christ_n the_o chief_a whereof_o be_v the_o first_o absolute_a and_o universal_a master_n of_o china_n father_n magaillans_n show_v at_o large_a and_o with_o great_a evidence_n that_o the_o country_n of_o catay_n and_o of_o mangi_n be_v but_o part_n of_o china_n and_o not_o kingdom_n real_o different_a no_o more_o than_o tam-gut_n and_o tainfa_n that_o cluvier_n have_v also_o take_v for_o other_o kingdom_n distinct_a from_o china_n though_o they_o be_v but_o city_n whereof_o the_o name_n be_v a_o little_a corrupt_v c._n 2._o the_o kingdom_n of_o china_n be_v situate_a almost_o on_o the_o extremity_n of_o asia_n on_o the_o east_n it_o be_v length_n from_o north_n to_o south_n according_a to_o the_o chinois_n book_n that_o be_v from_o the_o fortress_n of_o caci-pim_a upon_o the_o frontier_n of_o the_o province_n of_o pekim_n to_o the_o meridional_a point_n of_o the_o isle_n of_o hainau_a at_o the_o south_n of_o the_o province_n of_o quamtum_a be_v 23_o degree_n in_o extent_n which_o make_v 5750_o li_n or_o chinois_n stades_n at_o 250_o to_o the_o degree_n and_o 575_o french_a league_n at_o 25_o the_o degree_n and_o it_o be_v breadth_n measure_v in_o a_o straight_a line_n from_o the_o east_n to_o the_o west_n from_o the_o point_n of_o nim-po_n a_o seaport_n town_n of_o the_o province_n of_o chekiam_a unto_o the_o extremity_n of_o the_o province_n of_o suchuen_a be_v 426_o french_a league_n and_o 4080_o li_n or_o chinois_n stades_n at_o 240_o a_o degree_n but_o they_o pretend_v that_o that_o be_v not_o all_o the_o extent_n of_o this_o vast_a empire_n see_v that_o in_o consider_v it_o in_o another_o sense_n it_o be_v 8400_o li_n which_o be_v 750_o french_a league_n in_o its_o utmost_a length_n and_o 5400_o li_n which_o make_v 500_o french_a league_n in_o its_o great_a breadth_n in_o short_a the_o calculation_n be_v very_o sure_a and_o exact_a and_o the_o proportion_n of_o its_o measure_n very_o just_a and_o certain_a and_o here_o it_o be_v that_o man_n have_v not_o yet_o remove_v all_o the_o difficulty_n as_o may_v be_v see_v in_o the_o follow_a note_n there_o be_v 15_o province_n in_o the_o kingdom_n of_o china_n all_o which_o for_o their_o greatness_n richness_n and_o fertility_n may_v pass_v for_o vast_a kingdom_n cluvier_n be_v mistake_v when_o he_o count_v 18_o province_n and_o among_o they_o the_o kingdom_n of_o cochinchine_n and_o that_o of_o tim-kim_a for_o though_o these_o have_v be_v at_o other_o time_n subject_a to_o china_n they_o be_v so_o but_o for_o some_o year_n and_o have_v not_o obey_v it_o of_o a_o long_a time_n it_o be_v think_v the_o wall_v place_n that_o be_v in_o china_n amount_v to_o the_o number_n 4402_o divide_v into_o 2_o different_a order_n civil_a and_o military_a it_o be_v true_a that_o several_a city_n and_o town_n be_v comprehend_v in_o that_o number_n situate_v in_o the_o province_n of_o yun-nan_a the_o q'uel-ches_a of_o quamsi_n and_o of_o suchuen_a which_o though_o they_o be_v join_v to_o the_o emperor_n state_n pay_v he_o no_o tribute_n nor_o do_v they_o acknowledge_v he_o but_o have_v particular_a sovereign_n and_o make_v use_n in_o their_o district_n of_o a_o different_a language_n from_o the_o chinoise_n this_o great_a empire_n be_v so_o people_v that_o near_o 12_o million_o of_o family_n or_o fire_n be_v count_v therein_o without_o comprehend_v privilege_v family_n or_o person_n mandarin_n magistrate_n soldier_n bachelor_n licenciate_n doctor_n bonze_n or_o eunuch_n nor_o any_o of_o those_o who_o be_v of_o the_o royal_a blood_n in_o a_o word_n count_v only_o those_o that_o till_o the_o ground_n or_o that_o pay_v tribute_n or_o rent_n to_o the_o king_n although_o all_o the_o rest_n as_o may_v be_v easy_o urge_v make_v up_o a_o almost_o infinite_a number_n there_o be_v 2045_o place_n wall_v of_o the_o civil_a order_n divide_v into_o town_n city_n and_o royal_a inn_n these_o last_o place_n for_o the_o most_o part_n be_v not_o less_o great_a nor_o less_o people_v than_o be_v the_o town_n and_o city_n and_o in_o each_o of_o they_o be_v a_o place_n where_o mandarin_n which_o the_o king_n send_v and_o all_o other_o person_n to_o who_o he_o be_v please_v to_o do_v the_o like_a favour_n be_v lodge_v and_o their_o charge_n bear_v at_o the_o prince_n expense_n and_o be_v entertain_v according_a to_o their_o quality_n and_o employ_v the_o military_a order_n comprehend_v 7_o different_a sort_n of_o stony_a place_n the_o first_o and_o principal_n be_v great_a fortress_n which_o be_v place_n upon_o the_o frontier_n as_o the_o key_n and_o defence_n of_o the_o empire_n against_o the_o tartar_n or_o upon_o the_o border_n of_o province_n against_o rebel_n and_o highwayman_n there_o be_v 629_o of_o this_o order_n the_o other_o be_v less_o considerable_a and_o less_o great_a proportionable_o and_o the_o last_o of_o these_o place_n be_v small_a fort_n whereof_o some_o be_v build_v in_o the_o field_n to_o serve_v as_o a_o refuge_n to_o labourer_n when_o they_o fear_v the_o insult_v of_o enemy_n or_o thief_n or_o be_v willing_a to_o secure_v themselves_o from_o the_o imposition_n of_o the_o soldier_n when_o the_o royal_a army_n be_v in_o march_n and_o the_o other_o be_v situate_v upon_o mountain_n whereof_o there_o be_v some_o almost_o inaccessible_a all_o these_o military_a place_n amount_v to_o 2357._o which_o be_v add_v to_o they_o of_o the_o civil_a order_n make_v together_o the_o number_n mark_v above_o 4402._o beside_o this_o there_o be_v without_o and_o within_o these_o great_a wall_n that_o surround_v almost_o all_o china_n at_o least_o a_o great_a part_n above_o three_o thousand_o tower_n or_o castle_n wherein_o be_v continual_o guard_n and_o sentry_n keep_v these_o famous_a wall_n extend_v 405_o portugal_n league_n which_o make_v 23_o degree_n 10_o minute_n from_o east_n to_o west_n which_o be_v to_o be_v understand_v in_o a_o right_a line_n for_o if_o the_o wind_n of_o the_o mountain_n and_o of_o the_o wall_n be_v count_v it_o will_v amount_v to_o more_o than_o 500_o league_n if_o we_o credit_v our_o historian_n there_o be_v more_o than_o nine_o hundred_o thousand_o that_o guard_n the_o frontier_n and_o there_o be_v seven_o or_o eight_o hundred_o thousand_o employ_v in_o the_o guard_n of_o the_o kingdom_n within_o but_o the_o translator_n to_o diminish_v somewhat_o the_o wonder_n that_o such_o a_o prodigious_a number_n of_o troop_n amount_v to_o make_v we_o remark_n in_o his_o observation_n that_o the_o great_a part_n of_o these_o soldier_n be_v of_o the_o militia_n and_o that_o there_o be_v but_o very_o few_o that_o have_v not_o another_o call_v beside_o be_v soldier_n however_o it_o be_v our_o author_n assure_v we_o that_o all_o these_o soldier_n be_v always_o entertain_v and_o that_o china_n be_v so_o well_o furnish_v with_o all_o the_o requisite_n of_o defence_n that_o the_o tartar_n who_o have_v once_o invade_v it_o and_o be_v master_n of_o it_o to_o this_o very_a time_n have_v never_o pass_v the_o wall_n if_o the_o soldier_n cowardice_n and_o the_o treachery_n of_o the_o officer_n have_v not_o open_v they_o a_o passage_n there_o be_v in_o china_n two_o thousand_o fourscore_o and_o ninety_o mountain_n famous_a either_o because_o they_o have_v be_v cut_v in_o form_n of_o idol_n and_o monstrous_a coloss_n or_o for_o their_o renown_a fountain_n or_o for_o their_o plant_n or_o mineral_n endow_v with_o some_o particular_a virtue_n or_o these_o mountain_n be_v look_v upon_o for_o their_o extraordinary_a height_n or_o for_o some_o other_o advantage_n of_o this_o nature_n that_o make_v they_o be_v distinguish_v there_o be_v a_o like_a number_n of_o antique_a piece_n as_o statue_n famous_a paint_n vessel_n of_o great_a price_n and_o value_n there_o be_v eleven_o hundred_o and_o fifty_o nine_o tower_n and_o triumphal-arche_n and_o other_o work_v extraordinary_o sumptuous_a raise_v for_o the_o honour_n of_o their_o king_n or_o other_o famous_a person_n of_o both_o sex_n and_o what_o deserve_v to_o be_v remember_v there_o be_v 272_o library_n embellish_v with_o many_o ornament_n and_o full_a of_o
which_o be_v add_v a_o preface_n touch_v the_o original_a of_o this_o history_n sell_v by_o mr._n chiswell_n at_o london_n 1688._o p._n 44._o the_o devotion_n of_o the_o roman_a church_n appear_v so_o ridiculous_a to_o they_o that_o be_v not_o bear_v superstitious_a that_o the_o able_a controvertist_n of_o that_o party_n have_v endeavour_v to_o hide_v they_o or_o to_o make_v they_o pass_v for_o popular_a abuse_n but_o as_o it_o be_v impossible_a that_o in_o a_o great_a society_n all_o they_o that_o write_v shall_v be_v of_o the_o secret_a so_o there_o be_v a_o great_a number_n of_o bigot_n who_o fear_v that_o the_o bishop_n of_o meaux_n and_o turnai_n will_v with_o their_o mildness_n betray_v the_o church_n and_o be_v mind_v real_o to_o abolish_v the_o way_n that_o enrich_v it_o so_o much_o the_o protestant_n have_v second_v the_o sincerity_n of_o these_o latter_a and_o have_v collect_v out_o of_o their_o office_n rite_n and_o the_o most_o famous_a doctor_n of_o rome_n the_o true_a 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learned_a and_o to_o live_v better_a
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in_o his_o wisdom_n because_o that_o will_v be_v to_o allow_v that_o we_o have_v no_o testimony_n of_o his_o work_n which_o shall_v teach_v we_o that_o god_n be_v wise._n yet_o this_o be_v no_o impediment_n to_o physician_n seek_v out_o the_o mechanical_a reason_n of_o these_o effect_n as_o nothing_o hinder_v but_o that_o we_o may_v say_v a_o clock_n have_v be_v make_v to_o show_v the_o hour_n and_o to_o expound_v at_o the_o same_o time_n mechanical_o how_o its_o wheel_n and_o its_o spring_n produce_v this_o effect_n thus_o descartes_n himself_o after_o have_v say_v that_o the_o immutability_n of_o god_n require_v there_o shall_v be_v always_o a_o like_a quantity_n of_o motion_n in_o matter_n show_v how_o that_o may_v suffice_v to_o render_v a_o reason_n of_o natural_a effect_n although_o mr._n boyle_n be_v not_o of_o that_o number_n who_o believe_v that_o descartes_n have_v a_o design_n to_o favour_n atheism_n since_o he_o find_v his_o proof_n of_o the_o existence_n of_o god_n to_o 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which_o come_v from_o all_o part_n these_o inequality_n be_v particular_o observe_v in_o the_o eye_n of_o fly_n which_o fly_v upon_o flesh_n by_o make_v use_n of_o a_o good_a microscope_n although_o bee_n and_o other_o great_a fly_n have_v immovable_a eye_n yet_o the_o same_o thing_n be_v not_o see_v in_o they_o to_o these_o remark_n may_v be_v oppose_v that_o the_o eye_n of_o man_n be_v the_o most_o perfect_a the_o eye_n of_o all_o animal_n shall_v resemble_v it_o mr._n boyle_n answer_v to_o that_o first_o that_o since_o divers_a organ_n of_o animal_n be_v perfect_o well_o dispose_v for_o the_o use_v for_o which_o they_o be_v destine_v we_o ought_v to_o believe_v at_o least_o that_o it_o may_v be_v the_o same_o with_o organ_n who_o structure_n and_o use_n be_v not_o well_o know_v to_o we_o second_o we_o ought_v not_o to_o consider_v the_o eye_n after_o a_o abstract_n manner_n and_o simple_o as_o the_o instrument_n of_o vision_n but_o as_o the_o organ_n of_o a_o certain_a animal_n to_o 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the_o ground_n they_o need_v not_o great_a eye_n which_o will_v be_v in_o danger_n of_o receive_v injury_n it_o be_v know_v that_o the_o chameleon_n among_o several_a remarkable_a thing_n which_o it_o have_v in_o its_o eye_n can_v move_v they_o independent_o the_o one_o from_o the_o other_o so_o that_o he_o can_v look_v with_o the_o one_o on_o what_o be_v before_o he_o and_o with_o the_o other_o on_o what_o be_v behind_o to_o see_v with_o one_o what_o be_v above_o and_o with_o the_o other_o what_o be_v below_o etc._n etc._n therefore_o he_o be_v a_o slothful_a animal_n which_o live_v upon_o tree_n or_o shrub_n where_o fly_n be_v nourish_v which_o he_o can_v see_v come_v what_o side_n soever_o they_o be_v fish_n have_v a_o crystalline_a humour_n almost_o spherical_a because_o the_o water_n in_o which_o they_o live_v cause_v in_o the_o sunbeam_n a_o refraction_n much_o great_a than_o the_o air_n they_o will_v see_v nothing_o in_o the_o water_n if_o the_o convexity_n of_o the_o crystalline_a humour_n cause_v not_o a_o refraction_n in_o the_o light_a great_a enough_o to_o reunite_v these_o beam_n in_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o eye_n mr._n boyle_n be_v persuade_v that_o those_o who_o may_v have_v time_n and_o mean_n to_o examine_v after_o the_o same_o manner_n the_o eye_n of_o a_o great_a number_n of_o animal_n will_v without_o difficulty_n observe_v that_o they_o have_v they_o so_o dispose_v as_o that_o the_o place_n wherein_o they_o keep_v and_o their_o manner_n of_o live_v require_v it_o beside_o this_o he_o make_v a_o remark_n upon_o the_o form_n of_o the_o eyeball_n of_o some_o animal_n which_o serve_v to_o confirm_v his_o thought_n which_o be_v that_o although_o horse_n ox_n and_o divers_a other_o creature_n have_v a_o long_a ball_n as_o well_o as_o cat_n yet_o in_o the_o first_o it_o be_v place_v transverse_o and_o extend_v from_o the_o right_n to_o the_o left_a whereas_o in_o cat_n it_o be_v situate_a perpendicular_o a_o friend_n of_o mr._n boyles_n 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be_v even_o much_o likelihood_n according_a to_o mr._n boyle_n consider_v thing_n but_o as_o a_o simple_a philosopher_n that_o the_o author_n of_o the_o universe_n have_v produce_v so_o great_a a_o variety_n of_o animal_n but_o to_o let_v intelligent_a creature_n see_v his_o power_n and_o his_o wisdom_n therefore_o do_v revelation_n teach_v we_o that_o this_o be_v one_o of_o the_o design_n of_o god_n in_o the_o creation_n of_o the_o world_n as_o mr._n boyle_n show_v from_o p._n 78._o unto_o the_o end_n of_o the_o section_n but_o before_o that_o he_o make_v some_o remark_n upon_o that_o which_o be_v call_v chance_n which_o deserve_v our_o observation_n as_o to_o the_o corporeal_a world_n it_o be_v easy_o believe_v that_o nothing_o fall_v out_o in_o it_o by_o chance_n but_o all_o by_o the_o rule_n of_o motion_n when_o any_o free_a intelligence_n come_v in_o for_o a_o share_n but_o because_o we_o consider_v certain_a part_n of_o the_o world_n as_o be_v particular_o govern_v by_o the_o 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admirable_a as_o the_o astroite_n but_o beside_o what_o we_o have_v say_v of_o chance_n it_o be_v answer_v that_o learned_a man_n have_v of_o late_o maintain_v with_o likelihood_n enough_o that_o curious_a stone_n of_o this_o nature_n be_v real_o animal_n petrify_v by_o some_o moisture_n in_o which_o they_o have_v lie_v but_o by_o suppose_v that_o these_o sort_n of_o stone_n be_v form_v in_o the_o ground_n it_o may_v be_v say_v without_o advance_v any_o absurdity_n that_o there_o be_v seminal_a principle_n in_o some_o of_o the_o fossils_n who_o disposition_n be_v most_o compose_v not_o to_o mention_v that_o there_o be_v no_o comparison_n betwixt_o this_o disposition_n and_o that_o of_o animal_n we_o ought_v in_o it_o not_o only_o to_o consider_v the_o solid_a part_n but_o also_o the_o liquor_n the_o spirit_n the_o digestion_n the_o secretion_n the_o regulation_n and_o motion_n of_o the_o whole_a body_n and_o though_o it_o be_v allow_v that_o the_o stone_n which_o we_o speak_v of_o be_v form_v by_o chance_n it_o can_v not_o be_v infer_v that_o animal_n be_v thus_o form_v for_o if_o a_o smith_n shall_v give_v a_o certain_a shape_n to_o a_o piece_n of_o iron_n without_o think_v of_o it_o yet_o it_o can_v be_v conclude_v that_o this_o smith_n can_v without_o think_v make_v a_o clock_n iii_o the_o three_o question_n be_v if_o it_o may_v be_v say_v that_o a_o be_v destitute_a of_o intelligence_n act_v for_o some_o end_n and_o in_o what_o sense_n it_o may_v be_v say_v it_o be_v say_v that_o a_o be_v tend_v to_o certain_a end_n in_o two_o sense_n the_o one_o be_v when_o the_o agent_n know_v a_o certain_a end_n and_o that_o he_o act_v purposely_o to_o arrive_v at_o it_o the_o other_o when_o the_o action_n of_o the_o near_a cause_n be_v direct_v to_o this_o end_n yet_o by_o a_o intelligent_a cause_n more_o distant_a it_o be_v evident_a that_o we_o can_v say_v in_o the_o first_o of_o these_o sense_n that_o any_o cause_v destitute_a of_o intelligence_n act_v in_o order_n to_o some_o end_n therefore_o it_o must_v be_v the_o second_o to_o which_o the_o sentiment_n of_o mr._n boyle_n have_v relation_n which_o be_v that_o god_n have_v propose_v to_o himself_o certain_a end_n have_v produce_v a_o world_n proper_a for_o the_o produce_v such_o end_n for_o example_n a_o able_a mechanist_n who_o propose_v to_o himself_o to_o make_v a_o mill_n to_o turn_v round_o and_o to_o raise_v hammer_n to_o forge_v iron_n by_o the_o mean_n of_o water_n he_o form_v thereof_o a_o idea_n which_o he_o afterward_o execute_v and_o who_o execution_n produce_v the_o effect_n he_o have_v propose_v to_o himself_o even_o so_o god_n have_v propose_v to_o himself_o certain_a end_n have_v create_v the_o world_n so_o that_o he_o inevitable_o come_v at_o it_o that_o way_n mr._n boyle_n admonish_v here_o 81._o that_o if_o he_o have_v say_v any_o thing_n by_o the_o bye_n against_o the_o common_a opinion_n that_o all_o the_o material_a world_n be_v make_v for_o man_n he_o think_v only_o that_o this_o question_n ought_v not_o to_o be_v decide_v after_o a_o too_o dogmatic_a or_o exclusive_a manner_n although_o the_o reason_n which_o be_v bring_v to_o show_v that_o all_o the_o world_n and_o particular_o the_o vast_a extent_n in_o which_o the_o fix_a star_n be_v place_v be_v not_o make_v for_o man_n alone_o yet_o it_o appear_v to_o he_o more_o probable_a than_o those_o which_o favour_n the_o contrary_a opinion_n notwithstanding_o he_o willing_o grant_v that_o among_o the_o end_n which_o the_o author_n of_o nature_n propose_v to_o himself_o in_o divers_a of_o his_o work_n as_o plant_n animal_n metal_n etc._n etc._n he_o have_v a_o design_n to_o produce_v they_o for_o the_o use_n of_o man_n and_o that_o this_o perhaps_o be_v his_o principal_a design_n he_o have_v even_o a_o inclination_n to_o believe_v
willing_a yet_o to_o impart_v to_o you_o a_o invention_n that_o i_o find_v new_a which_o they_o make_v use_v of_o to_o blow_v the_o fire_n in_o the_o brass_n forge_v of_o friouli_n near_o rome_n it_o be_v the_o water_n which_o blow_v the_o fire_n not_o in_o move_v the_o bellows_o as_o be_v common_o do_v but_o by_o make_v a_o wind._n there_o be_v a_o river_n from_o whence_o proceed_v a_o fall_n of_o water_n which_o be_v receive_v into_o a_o tub_n out_o of_o the_o side_n of_o this_o tub_n come_v a_o pipe_n like_o the_o nose_n of_o a_o pair_n of_o bellows_o on_o the_o upper-side_n of_o the_o pipe_n there_o be_v a_o hole_n with_o a_o stopple_n to_o stop_v or_o unstop_v it_o at_o pleasure_n the_o tub_n empty_v itself_o under_o ground_n when_o the_o hole_n in_o the_o pipe_n be_v stop_v at_o its_o mouth_n come_v out_o incessant_o a_o great_a wind_n and_o when_o the_o mouth_n of_o it_o be_v stop_v the_o wind_n come_v out_o with_o such_o violence_n by_o the_o unstopped_a hole_n in_o the_o top_n of_o the_o pipe_n that_o i_o believe_v it_o will_v make_v a_o ball_n leap_v as_o that_o do_v of_o frescati_fw-la a_o extract_v of_o a_o english_a journal_n contain_v instruction_n for_o those_o who_o take_v great_a voyage_n upon_o the_o sea_n the_o design_n of_o the_o royal_a society_n be_v according_a to_o its_o establishment_n to_o apply_v itself_o to_o the_o search_n of_o nature_n and_o conformable_o unto_o the_o observation_n make_v upon_o divers_a phoenomenas_n and_o the_o effect_n thereof_o which_o be_v observe_v by_o they_o to_o compose_v a_o natural_a history_n that_o may_v serve_v for_o a_o foundation_n to_o establish_v a_o solid_a and_o profitable_a philosophy_n they_o have_v from_o time_n to_o time_n give_v order_n to_o divers_a of_o their_o member_n not_o only_o to_o labour_v after_o the_o search_n of_o remarkable_a thing_n which_o they_o may_v meet_v with_o in_o foreign_a country_n but_o also_o to_o give_v some_o instruction_n for_o private_a man_n who_o shall_v have_v the_o same_o curiosity_n it_o be_v for_o this_o end_n that_o consider_v the_o great_a advantage_n which_o may_v be_v draw_v from_o voyage_n that_o shall_v be_v make_v for_o the_o future_a into_o all_o part_n of_o the_o world_n mr._n rook_n be_v heretofore_o choose_v and_o charge_v with_o the_o care_n of_o give_v some_o advice_n to_o those_o who_o go_v to_o the_o east_n or_o west_n indies_n the_o better_a to_o enable_v they_o to_o make_v such_o remark_n as_o may_v contribute_v to_o the_o accomplishment_n of_o their_o design_n after_o which_o they_o desire_v the_o mariner_n to_o keep_v a_o exact_a register_n of_o these_o observation_n which_o at_o their_o return_n they_o shall_v give_v two_o copy_n of_o one_o to_o the_o high_a admiral_n and_o the_o other_o to_o trinity-house_n to_o be_v revise_v by_o the_o royal_a society_n therefore_o mr._n rook_n before_o he_o die_v acquit_v himself_o of_o his_o commission_n and_o have_v make_v up_o a_o memorial_n according_a to_o the_o order_n which_o he_o have_v receive_v thereupon_o it_o be_v think_v fit_a to_o publish_v it_o and_o to_o give_v a_o copy_n thereof_o to_o all_o the_o mariner_n in_o the_o ensue_a form_n i._o to_o observe_v the_o declination_n of_o the_o compass_n or_o the_o variation_n of_o the_o needle_n to_o the_o meridian_n mark_v as_o exact_o as_o possible_a the_o place_n wherein_o the_o observation_n shall_v be_v make_v and_o the_o method_n which_o shall_v be_v use_v to_o make_v it_o ii_o that_o they_o shall_v carry_v with_o they_o needle_n of_o a_o good_a temper_n and_o well-touched_n with_o a_o loadstone_n and_o to_o remark_n after_o the_o same_o manner_n the_o inclination_n of_o the_o needle_n iii_o to_o observe_v careful_o the_o ebb_a and_o flow_v of_o the_o sea_n in_o as_o many_o place_n as_o they_o be_v able_a with_o all_o the_o ordinary_a and_o extraordinary_a accident_n of_o the_o tide_n as_o what_o be_v the_o prefix_v time_n of_o its_o ebb_a and_o flow_v in_o the_o river_n or_o promontory_n or_o cape_n what_o way_n the_o current_n of_o the_o water_n take_v what_o perpendicular_a distance_n there_o be_v betwixt_o the_o high_a and_o low_a tide_n what_o day_n of_o the_o moon_n and_o what_o time_n of_o the_o year_n fall_v out_o the_o high_a or_o low_a tide_n so_o of_o the_o other_o accident_n which_o may_v be_v observe_v in_o the_o tide_n chief_o near_o the_o port_n and_o about_o the_o isle_n iv._o to_o make_v draught_n and_o description_n of_o the_o aspect_n of_o the_o coast_n promontory_n of_o the_o isle_n and_o port_n mark_v the_o approach_n and_o distance_n as_o exact_o as_o possible_a v._o to_o sound_n and_o observe_v the_o depth_n of_o the_o coast_n port_n and_o other_o such_o like_a place_n near_o the_o shore_n as_o they_o shall_v think_v fit_a vi_o to_o endeavour_n to_o know_v the_o nature_n of_o the_o earth_n which_o be_v at_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o sea_n and_o to_o sound_v it_o after_o all_o the_o way_n to_o know_v if_o it_o be_v mud_n sand_n or_o rock_n vii_o to_o make_v a_o memorandum_n of_o all_o the_o change_n of_o wind_n and_o tide_n which_o happen_v at_o every_o hour_n of_o day_n and_o night_n mark_v the_o point_n or_o the_o place_n whence_o the_o wind_n come_v and_o if_o it_o be_v strong_a or_o weak_a as_o also_o the_o rain_n hail_n snow_n and_o such_o like_a thing_n with_o the_o precise_a time_n of_o their_o beginning_n and_o continuance_n but_o chief_o to_o have_v a_o great_a care_n to_o remark_n regular_a wind_n in_o what_o degree_n of_o longitude_n and_o latitude_n they_o begin_v at_o first_o where_o or_o when_o they_o cease_v or_o change_v and_o become_v strong_a or_o weak_a and_o by_o how_o much_o which_o ought_v to_o be_v do_v as_o exact_o as_o possible_a viii_o to_o observe_v and_o put_v in_o write_v all_o the_o extraordinary_a meteor_n such_o as_o be_v lightning_n thunder_n comet_n and_o false_a fire_n always_o remark_v the_o place_n and_o time_n of_o their_o apparition_n and_o duration_n ix_o to_o carry_v about_o they_o good_a balance_n and_o viol_n that_o contain_v near_o a_o pint_n and_o have_v a_o very_a narrow_a neck_n which_o shall_v be_v fill_v with_o sea-water_n in_o different_a degree_n of_o latitude_n as_o shall_v be_v think_v convenient_a and_o to_o remark_n careful_o the_o heaviness_n of_o the_o viol_n full_a of_o water_n take_v at_o each_o time_n and_o especial_o the_o degree_n of_o latitude_n and_o the_o day_n of_o the_o month._n a_o extract_v of_o a_o english_a journal_n contain_v some_o observation_n make_v by_o mr._n boyle_n and_o take_v from_o one_o of_o his_o letter_n about_o the_o baroscope_n and_o the_o manner_n of_o weigh_v the_o air._n i_o shall_v make_v no_o difficulty_n to_o say_v that_o i_o have_v hitherto_o find_v nothing_o that_o presage_v more_o certain_o and_o make_v know_v so_o exact_o the_o change_n of_o the_o time_n which_o happen_v after_o a_o long_a and_o constant_a serenity_n than_o the_o baroscope_n i_o know_v not_o also_o whether_o in_o the_o most_o clear_a and_o serene_a climate_n 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small_a difficulty_n to_o found_v any_o thing_n thereon_o it_o seem_v the_o people_n sometime_o stone_v those_o that_o be_v accuse_v without_o stay_v for_o any_o sentence_n or_o order_n of_o the_o judge_n nuce_n according_a to_o the_o custom_n of_o the_o roman_n obruere_fw-la ista_fw-la solet_fw-la manifestos_fw-la poena_fw-la nocentes_fw-la publica_n cum_fw-la long_a as_o non_fw-la habeâ—_n ira_fw-la moras_fw-la whether_o it_o be_v so_o or_o no_o they_o observe_v no_o formality_n towards_o st._n stephen_n except_o the_o witness_n according_a to_o the_o law_n deut._n 17.7_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o witness_n shall_v be_v first_o upon_o he_o to_o put_v he_o to_o death_n and_o afterward_o the_o hand_n of_o all_o the_o people_n the_o law_n most_o wise_o establish_v this_o that_o provide_v he_o that_o be_v put_v to_o death_n be_v innocent_a the_o witness_n who_o be_v the_o cause_n of_o his_o condemnation_n be_v only_o guilty_a of_o his_o death_n since_o he_o be_v kill_v by_o they_o before_o 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to_o fix_v on_o monastery_n and_o to_o pass_v their_o whole_a life_n in_o repentance_n therein_o without_o ever_o make_v themselves_o priest_n but_o if_o they_o give_v mark_n of_o a_o holy_a call_v without_o perceive_v themselves_o call_v to_o a_o austere_a religion_n they_o be_v receive_v without_o speak_v to_o they_o of_o receive_v any_o order_n but_o after_o be_v purify_v by_o a_o long_a penitence_n in_o which_o a_o regulate_v life_n and_o remote_a from_o all_o commerce_n with_o the_o world_n make_v the_o principal_a part_n he_o relate_v several_a other_o thing_n infinite_o glorious_a to_o this_o illustrious_a congregation_n but_o he_o advertise_v we_o in_o two_o or_o three_o place_n that_o he_o make_v not_o a_o encomium_n but_o give_v a_o image_n of_o a_o holy_a community_n wherein_o may_v be_v see_v what_o man_n ought_v to_o be_v he_o add_v to_o his_o five_o discourse_n what_o have_v be_v say_v of_o the_o cycopedie_a of_o xenophon_n that_o it_o be_v not_o a_o history_n but_o the_o 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