commander_n and_o counsel_n to_o depart_v from_o legion_n or_o regiment_n before_o the_o work_n &_o fortification_n of_o the_o camp_n be_v finish_v neither_o can_v the_o countenance_n of_o afranius_n his_o army_n in_o spain_n make_v show_n as_o if_o the_o same_o will_v sight_n deter_v he_o but_o that_o he_o 1._o he_o case_n bell_n ciu_o 1._o fortify_v his_o lodging_n keep_v the_o rest_n in_o arm_n to_o receive_v the_o enemy_n charge_n the_o barbarous_a gaul_n by_o their_o many_o loss_n perceive_v the_o advantage_n that_o the_o roman_n have_v upon_o they_o in_o this_o point_n at_o length_n by_o the_o counsel_n of_o vercingetorix_n their_o leader_n begin_v to_o 7._o to_o caes_n bell_n gall_n 7._o fortify_v their_o camp_n as_o they_o see_v the_o romande_n do_v he_o that_o do_v not_o so_o lie_v entrench_v go_v oftentimes_o out_o of_o he_o may_v to_o seek_v ease_n for_o his_o soldier_n lodge_v with_o his_o army_n disjoin_v lose_v time_n and_o labour_n and_o last_o may_v not_o if_o he_o be_v wise_a lodge_v near_o a_o enemy_n as_o strong_a as_o himself_o that_o have_v the_o vantage_n of_o ground_n and_o trench_n he_o that_o charge_v a_o army_n that_o lie_v well_o entrench_v receive_v seldom_o honour_n of_o his_o rashness_n the_o frenchman_n because_o they_o understand_v not_o so_o much_o before_o be_v teach_v it_o of_o prospero_n colonna_n at_o the_o bicocke_n in_o lombardy_n for_o adventure_v rash_o to_o fight_v with_o guicelardin_n with_o guicelardin_n prospero_n and_o his_o company_n that_o lie_v strong_o fortify_v within_o certain_a bank_n make_v for_o the_o keep_n of_o the_o river_n within_o the_o channel_n they_o be_v tumble_v into_o the_o ditch_n as_o fast_o as_o they_o come_v up_o the_o bank_n and_o many_o of_o they_o slay_v that_o such_o fortification_n may_v be_v make_v orderly_o and_o strong_o diverse_a rule_n be_v to_o be_v observe_v and_o some_o provision_n like_o wise_a be_v to_o be_v make_v more_o than_o ordinary_a first_o a_o convenient_a place_n in_o the_o way_n where_o the_o army_n march_v be_v to_o be_v mark_v and_o stake_v out_o by_o the_o quartermaster_n general_a which_o will_v be_v a_o man_n of_o judgement_n with_o he_o also_o may_v be_v send_v other_o man_n of_o judgement_n all_o these_o with_o a_o guard_n ought_v to_o go_v 2._o go_v centuriones_n exploratoresque_fw-la praetermittit_fw-la caesar_n qui_fw-la locum_fw-la castris_fw-la idoneum_fw-la deligant_fw-la caes_n bell_n gall_n 2._o before_o that_o at_o the_o come_n of_o the_o army_n to_o the_o place_n every_o man_n may_v know_v the_o gate_n and_o the_o side_n and_o the_o place_n of_o the_o camp_n within_o that_o present_o they_o may_v begin_v to_o work_v &_o every_o man_n may_v know_v where_o to_o pitch_v his_o tent_n or_o make_v his_o cabin_n &_o to_o discharge_v the_o impediment_n and_o baggage_n and_o where_o the_o ordnance_n be_v to_o be_v place_v this_o may_v seem_v intricat_a at_o the_o first_o but_o with_o practice_n it_o may_v be_v make_v most_o easy_a further_o to_o the_o end_n that_o our_o man_n be_v not_o disturb_v when_o they_o be_v at_o their_o work_n good_a espial_n and_o discoverer_n will_v be_v send_v before_o to_o see_v that_o the_o enemy_n lie_v not_o in_o ambush_n near_o that_o place_n where_o we_o mean_v to_o lodge_v which_o happen_v to_o caesar_n in_o the_o expedition_n against_o the_o belgian_n do_v more_o endanger_v he_o than_o the_o enemy_n open_a force_n for_o his_o man_n 2._o man_n caes_n bell_n gall_n 2._o have_v lay_v down_o their_o burden_n and_o be_v scarlete_v to_o fetch_v stake_n earth_n and_o stone_n sudden_o the_o enemy_n appear_v out_o from_o under_o a_o hill_n there_o by_o and_o charge_v he_o the_o same_o be_v the_o ruin_n 10._o ruin_n liu._n 10._o of_o fabius_n his_o lieutenant_n for_o go_v to_o take_v a_o hill_n already_o possess_v by_o the_o enemy_n without_o espial_n he_o be_v there_o slay_v in_o the_o place_n with_o all_o his_o comany_n for_o defence_n of_o those_o that_o work_n one_o good_a part_n of_o the_o army_n will_v be_v keep_v in_o arm_n especial_o where_o the_o enemy_n be_v near_o and_o those_o that_o work_n be_v to_o have_v every_o man_n his_o sword_n and_o dagger_n gird_v to_o he_o and_o his_o other_o arm_n fast_o by_o he_o which_o not_o only_o caesar_n a_o master_n in_o these_o matter_n but_o all_o the_o roman_n general_o observe_v there_o be_v no_o time_n more_o prope_a for_o the_o enemy_n assault_n nor_o more_o dangerous_a for_o we_o then_o when_o we_o be_v new_o come_v to_o our_o lodging_n for_o than_o most_o be_v secure_a and_o put_v off_o their_o arm_n and_o either_o rest_n themselves_o or_o run_v about_o to_o seek_v thing_n necessary_a the_o 28._o the_o castra_n ponentes_fw-la romanos_fw-la poeni_n aggressi_fw-la sunt_fw-la turbassentque_fw-la munientes_fw-la ni_fw-fr abditi_fw-la post_fw-la tumulum_fw-la opportunè_fw-la ad_fw-la id_fw-la positi_fw-la à _fw-la scipione_n equites_fw-la in_o effusos_fw-la incurrissent_fw-la liu._n 28._o roman_n as_o they_o be_v pitch_v their_o tent_n be_v charge_v by_o the_o carthaginian_n in_o their_o war_n in_o spain_n and_o have_v be_v soil_v have_v not_o scipio_n fear_v such_o a_o matter_n run_v through_o they_o with_o his_o horseman_n which_o very_o opportune_o he_o have_v cover_v under_o a_o hill_n in_o the_o way_n as_o they_o come_v to_o the_o charge_n at_o that_o time_n also_o caesar_n be_v set_v upon_o by_o the_o neruian_o and_o lose_v diverse_a brave_a man_n the_o venetian_n be_v no_o soon_o arrive_v in_o their_o ferdinand_n their_o conte_n de_fw-fr purlilia_n ad_fw-la ferdinand_n lodging_n at_o trent_n and_o disarm_v but_o the_o enemy_n observe_v his_o time_n come_v upon_o they_o and_o force_v they_o to_o seek_v a_o other_o lodging_n yet_o not_o all_o for_o many_o be_v leave_v behind_o to_o take_v up_o their_o lodging_n in_o that_o place_n for_o ever_o the_o place_n most_o commodious_a for_o lodging_n be_v where_o our_o company_n may_v not_o only_o have_v wood_n water_n good_a air_n and_o for_o horse_n forage_v and_o if_o it_o may_v be_v some_o relief_n of_o victual_n for_o our_o man_n but_o also_o advantage_n of_o the_o ground_n fit_a to_o be_v wrought_v and_o hardly_o to_o be_v take_v from_o we_o by_o the_o enemy_n wood_n may_v not_o be_v want_v for_o fire_n stake_n and_o laban_n and_o less_o water_n for_o our_o man_n and_o cattle_n a_o river_n also_o do_v oftentimes_o ease_v our_o man_n of_o travel_n especial_o if_o it_o be_v deep_a for_o that_o the_o camp_n be_v well_o fence_a on_o that_o quarter_n good_a air_n be_v necessary_a for_o the_o health_n our_o soldier_n especial_o when_o i_o lie_v long_o in_o a_o place_n the_o advantage_n of_o ground_n be_v requisite_a for_o the_o defend_n of_o our_o lodging_n which_o opportunity_n those_o that_o have_v want_v have_v be_v drive_v to_o great_a extremity_n 1._o extremity_n caes_n bell_n ciu_o 1._o afranius_n his_o army_n be_v drive_v to_o yield_v to_o caesar_n in_o spain_n for_o want_v of_o water_n and_o by_o like_a necessity_n caesar_n force_v the_o relic_n of_o pompey_n army_n which_o he_o 3._o he_o caes_n bell_n ciu_o 3._o besiege_v on_o a_o hill_n and_o exclude_v by_o trench_n from_o the_o water_n to_o fly_v to_o his_o mercy_n himself_o in_o alexandr_n in_o hirt._n de_fw-fr bell_n alexandr_n alexandria_n have_v be_v drive_v to_o great_a extremity_n for_o want_n of_o fresh_a water_n have_v he_o not_o by_o dig_v of_o pit_n find_v store_n in_o high_a and_o dry_a country_n water_n be_v hard_o to_o be_v find_v unless_o it_o be_v in_o valle_o be_v and_o deep_o botcome_v that_o show_v sign_n of_o moisture_n lautrecke_n in_o the_o siege_n of_o naples_n lodging_n his_o army_n in_o the_o low_a ground_n bring_v great_a contagion_n among_o his_o people_n and_o of_o new_a haven_n and_o other_o place_n want_v of_o water_n and_o the_o filthy_a keep_n of_o our_o lodging_n which_o can_v be_v keep_v too_o clean_o breed_v the_o pestilence_n among_o our_o man_n and_o wrought_v the_o victory_n to_o out_o enemy_n the_o disadvantage_n of_o the_o ground_n at_o landresie_n not_o consider_v by_o the_o french_a have_v such_fw-mi to_o have_v teach_v they_o a_o lamentable_a lesson_n for_o be_v lodge_v in_o the_o low_a ground_n they_o be_v continual_o amoy_v by_o the_o artillery_n of_o the_o imperiallâ—s_v place_v upon_o a_o hill_n that_o comntâ—â—ed_v the_o french_a camp_n and_o almost_o force_v they_o to_o fight_v with_o great_a disadvantage_n the_o italian_n and_o spaniard_n be_v by_o the_o french_a force_v to_o fight_v against_o their_o will_n at_o guicciard_n at_o guicciard_n ravenna_n in_o lewis_n the_o twelve_o his_o time_n for_o that_o be_v lodge_v in_o the_o low_a and_o open_a ground_n they_o be_v beat_v with_o the_o enemy_n great_a ordnance_n that_o continual_o strike_v among_o their_o horseman_n which_o inconvenience_n can_v not_o be_v remedy_v so_o but_o that_o be_v be_v the_o
of_o charles_n his_o horseman_n the_o spaniard_n be_v rich_a in_o gold_n yet_o do_v not_o the_o english_a soldier_n fear_v he_o in_o the_o field_n it_o be_v iron_n not_o gold_n that_o kill_v in_o the_o encounter_n gold_n can_v do_v much_o but_o not_o all_o and_o therefore_o be_v it_o to_o be_v wish_v that_o we_o have_v more_o contend_v with_o the_o spaniard_n with_o the_o sword_n wherewith_o we_o be_v able_a to_o match_v he_o then_o with_o gold_n wherein_o though_o we_o spend_v all_o we_o can_v come_v near_o he_o wherefore_o let_v money_n be_v provide_v before_o hand_n if_o not_o in_o such_o abundance_n as_o other_o have_v it_o yet_o so_o much_o as_o may_v provide_v arm_n victual_n munition_n horse_n for_o a_o competent_a army_n if_o any_o man_n ask_v how_o much_o i_o answer_v with_o apopth_n with_o plutarch_n apopth_n cleobulus_n that_o war_n in_o this_o case_n have_v no_o stint_n nor_o set_v bound_n this_o only_a may_v suffice_v to_o show_v you_o that_o if_o good_a order_n be_v set_v down_o and_o execute_v it_o will_v neither_o be_v infinite_a nor_o the_o charge_n so_o burdensome_a as_o now_o it_o be_v the_o mean_n whereby_o money_n may_v be_v raise_v be_v diverse_a either_o it_o rise_v upon_o land_n belong_v to_o the_o crown_n and_o that_o either_o by_o inheritance_n or_o confiscation_n or_o conquest_n or_o upon_o rent_n or_o penalty_n or_o impost_n or_o other_o duty_n belong_v to_o the_o prince_n or_o of_o subsidy_n tax_n contribution_n and_o loan_z of_o subject_n or_o upon_o our_o confederate_n and_o associate_n or_o else_o upon_o ransom_n of_o our_o enemy_n person_n or_o country_n by_o which_o mean_v see_v sum_z large_a revenue_n come_v unto_o the_o prince_n of_o this_o realm_n who_o see_v not_o that_o this_o realm_n want_v nothing_o but_o good_a order_n in_o dispense_n of_o the_o treasure_n and_o sharp_a punishment_n against_o those_o that_o purloin_v it_o nay_o if_o vain_a expense_n in_o apparel_n jewel_n silk_n golden_a coat_n and_o other_o vanity_n be_v cut_v off_o or_o employ_v in_o arm_n and_o necessary_a furniture_n of_o war_n there_o will_v be_v not_o only_a sufficiency_n but_o also_o abundance_n the_o roman_n for_o maintenance_n of_o their_o public_a stock_n have_v diverse_a invention_n and_o practice_n upon_o 31._o upon_o agripro_fw-la pecunia_fw-la dati_fw-la &_o in_o iugera_fw-la â—sses_fw-la vectigalâ—s_fw-la impoâ—â—ti_fw-la li._n 31._o every_o acre_n of_o ground_n of_o a_o country_n subdue_v they_o impose_v a_o annual_a rent_n the_o same_o may_v have_v be_v do_v in_o ireland_n if_o it_o have_v please_v the_o governor_n to_o convert_v it_o to_o public_a use_n rather_o than_o to_o serve_v private_a man_n desire_n which_o notwithstanding_o by_o reason_n of_o their_o great_a disorder_n reap_v small_a commodity_n they_o look_v strict_o to_o their_o imposte_n annibal_n 33._o annibal_n annibal_n vectigalia_fw-la negligentia_fw-la dilapsa_fw-la restituit_fw-la liu._n 33._o after_o peace_n make_v with_o the_o roman_n to_o encounter_v with_o the_o covetousness_n of_o officer_n restore_v the_o imposte_n at_o carthage_n to_o their_o old_a order_n philip_n the_o king_n of_o macedonia_n purpose_v to_o make_v war_n upon_o the_o roman_n do_v not_o only_o increase_v his_o 39_o his_o vecâ—igalia_n auxit_fw-la &_o nova_fw-la instituit_fw-la liu._n 39_o custom_n but_o devise_v new_a for_o the_o maintenance_n of_o the_o war_n which_o be_v to_o be_v do_v only_o in_o case_n of_o necessity_n lest_o these_o new_a devise_n of_o italian_a imposte_n make_v the_o prince_n odious_a to_o their_o subject_n where_o the_o ordinary_a revenue_n be_v not_o sufficient_a there_o wise_a governor_n have_v have_v recourse_n to_o equal_a contribution_n tax_n and_o loan_z asdrubal_n 23._o asdrubal_n pecunias_fw-la imperat_fw-la populis_fw-la omnibus_fw-la suae_fw-la dâ—tionis_fw-la liu._n 23._o purpose_v to_o go_v into_o italy_n with_o a_o supply_n to_o annibals_n army_n lay_v a_o tax_n upon_o all_o the_o people_n of_o his_o government_n the_o duke_n of_o alva_n in_o his_o time_n and_o of_o late_a year_n the_o prince_n of_o parma_n know_v well_o how_o to_o put_v this_o in_o practice_n in_o the_o low_a country_n when_o the_o city_n of_o rome_n want_v money_n in_o the_o second_o war_n with_o they_o of_o carthage_n 26._o carthage_n privatis_fw-la in_o inopia_fw-la aerarii_fw-la pecunias_fw-la conferentibus_fw-la ita_fw-la ut_fw-la scribae_fw-la non_fw-la sufficerent_fw-la nec_fw-la remige_fw-la in_o supplementum_fw-la nec_fw-la stipendio_fw-la â—esp_n eguiâ—_fw-la liu._n 26._o private_a man_n voluntary_o lend_v money_n so_o fast_o that_o the_o deputy_n appoint_v to_o receive_v it_o can_v not_o dispatch_v they_o so_o that_o by_o this_o mean_v the_o roman_n neither_o want_a mariner_n nor_o pay_v for_o soldier_n for_o continuance_n of_o the_o public_a treasury_n they_o have_v their_o land_n and_o good_n rate_v equal_o and_o every_o man_n pay_v according_a which_v equal_a proportion_n if_o it_o be_v now_o observe_v i_o dare_v say_v it_o will_v green_a no_o good_a subject_n to_o pay_v albeit_o it_o be_v twice_o so_o much_o as_o now_o they_o do_v every_o man_n bring_v in_o the_o quantity_n of_o his_o land_n and_o the_o value_n of_o it_o upon_o his_o credit_n likewise_o the_o sum_n of_o his_o rent_n and_o money_n they_o that_o only_o live_v upon_o traffic_n bring_v in_o the_o sum_n of_o their_o money_n and_o clear_a gain_n yearly_a with_o this_o promise_n that_o what_o be_v leave_v out_o be_v confiscate_v and_o forfeit_a and_o every_o false_a sum_n give_v in_o be_v punish_v with_o double_a they_o that_o be_v not_o rate_v or_o at_o the_o least_o number_v be_v banish_v or_o sell_v for_o slave_n such_o as_o have_v nothing_o be_v only_o number_v in_o the_o roll_n the_o most_o of_o this_o be_v express_o set_v down_o in_o their_o book_n of_o law_n forma_fw-la censuali_fw-la say_v censibus_fw-la say_v ff_n de_fw-fr censibus_fw-la ulpian_n cavetur_fw-la ut_fw-la agri_fw-la sic_fw-la in_o censum_fw-la referantur_fw-la nomen_fw-la fundi_fw-la cuiusque_fw-la &_o in_o qua_fw-la civitate_fw-la &_o in_o quo_fw-la pagosit_a &_o quos_fw-la dvos_fw-la vicinos_fw-la proximos_fw-la habeat_fw-la &_o aruum_fw-la quod_fw-la in_o decem_fw-la annos_fw-la proximos_fw-la satum_fw-la erit_fw-la quot_fw-la esse_fw-la iugera_fw-la videatur_fw-la vinea_fw-la quot_fw-la vites_fw-la habeat_fw-la olivetum_fw-la quot_fw-la iugerum_fw-la &_o quot_fw-la arbores_fw-la habeat_fw-la pratum_fw-la quoque_fw-la quod_fw-la intra_fw-la decem_fw-la annos_fw-la proximos_fw-la sectum_fw-la erit_fw-la quot_fw-la iugerum_fw-la pascua_fw-la esse_fw-la videantur_fw-la item_n sylua_fw-la caedua_fw-la omne_fw-la ipse_fw-la qui_fw-la defert_fw-la aestimet_fw-la illam_fw-la enim_fw-la aequitatem_fw-la debet_fw-la admittere_fw-la censitor_n ut_fw-la officio_fw-la eius_fw-la congruat_fw-la relevare_fw-la cum_fw-la qui_fw-la &_o in_fw-la publicis_fw-la tabulis_fw-la delato_fw-la modo_fw-la ex_fw-la certis_fw-la causis_fw-la uti_fw-la non_fw-la possit_fw-la likewise_o livy_n where_o he_o mention_v the_o tax_n of_o the_o colony_n by_o nero_n and_o salinator_n have_v these_o word_n city_n word_n colony_n be_v such_o town_n as_o the_o citizen_n of_o rome_n replenish_v with_o their_o own_o people_n and_o depend_v on_o the_o mother_n city_n duodecim_fw-la coloniarum_fw-la quod_fw-la nunquam_fw-la antea_fw-la factum_fw-la erat_fw-la deferentibus_fw-la coloniarum_fw-la censoribus_fw-la censum_fw-la receperunt_fw-la ut_fw-la quantum_fw-la numero_fw-la milâ—â—un_fw-la quantum_fw-la pecuniâ_fw-la valerent_fw-la in_fw-la publicis_fw-la tabulis_fw-la monumenta_fw-la extarent_fw-la if_o the_o like_a rate_n and_o proportion_n be_v observe_v among_o we_o that_o every_o man_n may_v be_v rate_v according_a to_o his_o land_n farm_n rent_n and_o good_n equal_o the_o burden_n will_v be_v more_o easy_o bear_v &_o less_o complaint_n make_v &_o more_o money_n will_v come_v to_o the_o payment_n of_o her_o majesty_n soldier_n so_o many_o country_n as_o be_v under_o the_o protection_n of_o the_o roman_n or_o confederate_a with_o they_o do_v contribute_v to_o the_o common_a charge_n wherein_o such_o equal_a taxation_n and_o good_a order_n be_v use_v that_o the_o country_n where_o the_o army_n be_v maintain_v do_v defray_v the_o most_o of_o the_o charge_n &_o good_a reason_n see_v it_o be_v for_o their_o defence_n it_o will_v seem_v strange_a to_o those_o that_o know_v not_o their_o proceed_n how_o caesar_n do_v not_o only_o maintain_v his_o army_n 9_o year_n in_o france_n at_o the_o charge_n of_o the_o country_n but_o also_o enrich_v himself_o and_o his_o army_n the_o athenian_n likewise_o after_o that_o the_o greek_n have_v drive_v out_o the_o 1._o the_o thucid._n 1._o persian_n out_o of_o their_o country_n for_o maintenance_n of_o their_o war_n against_o they_o make_v a_o association_n appoint_v what_o every_o island_n or_o city_n or_o territory_n shall_v pay_v towards_o the_o charge_n sometime_o the_o enemy_n be_v subdue_v or_o strait_v be_v not_o only_o drive_v to_o pay_v the_o charge_n of_o the_o army_n but_o also_o great_a sum_n of_o money_n into_o the_o tresury_n the_o 9_o the_o sâ—ipendium_fw-la exercitui_fw-la rom._n ab_fw-la host_n in_fw-la cum_fw-la annum_fw-la
no_o hope_n of_o life_n nor_o escape_v but_o in_o victory_n can_v not_o choose_v but_o fight_v valiant_o contrariwise_o they_o that_o have_v refuge_n and_o hope_v another_o time_n to_o fight_v more_o happy_o which_o be_v the_o case_n of_o every_o man_n in_o his_o own_o country_n will_v not_o fight_v so_o resolute_o the_o gaul_n in_o their_o own_o country_n give_v ground_n and_o flee_v before_o caesar_n and_o other_o roman_a captain_n that_o in_o italy_n have_v oft_o foil_v the_o roman_n and_o those_o african_n that_o in_o italy_n be_v victorious_a can_v not_o withstand_v scipio_n in_o africa_n alexander_n enter_v into_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o persian_a empire_n overthrewe_v the_o same_o utter_o further_o it_o stand_v with_o the_o spaniard_n now_o as_o sometime_o it_o do_v with_o the_o carthaginian_n &_o do_v with_o all_o that_o use_v mercenary_a soldier_n for_o so_o long_o as_o they_o may_v enjoy_v their_o country_n &_o revenue_n &_o therewith_o hire_v most_o valiant_a soldier_n of_o other_o nation_n so_o long_o they_o be_v strong_a but_o if_o they_o be_v invade_v in_o their_o own_o country_n both_o their_o revenue_n will_v fail_v and_o their_o own_o people_n not_o be_v exercise_v in_o war_n will_v make_v but_o slender_a resistance_n so_o that_o suppose_v the_o spanish_a army_n in_o the_o low_a country_n be_v strong_a which_o notwithstanding_o have_v be_v deal_v withal_o by_o our_o people_n yet_o be_v we_o not_o to_o look_v for_o such_o soldier_n in_o spain_n the_o athenian_n invade_v sicily_n be_v overthrow_v by_o the_o disagreement_n and_o insufficiency_n of_o the_o captain_n the_o disorder_n of_o the_o soldier_n and_o want_v of_o thing_n necessary_a which_o may_v be_v remedy_v by_o diligent_a foresight_n provision_n and_o government_n but_o suppose_v some_o do_v miscarry_v in_o foreign_a war_n shall_v we_o therefore_o condemn_v that_o course_n there_o be_v no_o reason_n see_v as_o war_n at_o home_n be_v not_o condemn_v because_o many_o nation_n have_v be_v subdue_v and_o vanquish_v in_o their_o own_o country_n betwixt_o the_o athenian_n or_o the_o achaean_o &_o this_o kingdom_n there_o be_v no_o comparison_n in_o force_n or_o greatness_n but_o if_o the_o city_n of_o athens_n can_v subdue_v all_o sicily_n except_o one_o only_a city_n it_o be_v no_o such_o difficult_a matter_n to_o invade_v the_o spaniard_n as_o be_v suppose_v final_o some_o in_o tremble_a manner_n demand_v what_o if_o such_o a_o army_n so_o far_o carry_v away_o shall_v miscarry_v which_o be_v a_o very_a ridiculous_a point_n for_o man_n to_o care_v more_o for_o those_o man_n life_n that_o d_o you_o willing_o offer_v themselves_o to_o the_o adventure_n than_o they_o do_v themselves_o see_v they_o dare_v venture_v nothing_o themselves_o yet_o let_v they_o not_o envy_v and_o hinder_v other_o that_o will_n but_o suppose_v the_o army_n shall_v miscarry_v yet_o will_v the_o loss_n be_v far_o less_o then_o if_o so_o many_o shall_v be_v lose_v at_o home_n for_o here_o the_o sequel_n will_v be_v great_a there_o will_v be_v only_a loss_n of_o man_n which_o god_n be_v thank_v this_o country_n may_v well_o spare_v but_o what_o simplicity_n be_v it_o to_o talk_v of_o lose_v where_o man_n go_v with_o a_o resolution_n rather_o to_o win_v then_o loose_a neither_o annibal_n go_v in_o italy_n nor_o scipio_n into_o africa_n cast_v any_o such_o doubt_n suppose_v now_o on_o the_o other_o side_n that_o the_o spaniard_n shall_v do_v that_o which_o he_o once_o attempt_v and_o god_n more_o than_o our_o own_o force_n will_v not_o suffer_v he_o to_o do_v and_o that_o a_o army_n of_o spaniard_n be_v provide_v to_o invade_v we_o these_o thing_n will_v fall_v out_o not_o know_v where_o the_o enemy_n will_v land_n all_o the_o coast_n must_v be_v furnish_v with_o soldier_n for_o to_o think_v that_o our_o train_v man_n will_v be_v train_v together_o in_o time_n to_o make_v resistance_n be_v simplicity_n and_o if_o any_o port_n be_v leave_v open_a as_o good_a all_o shall_v be_v disarm_v but_o this_o will_v be_v double_a the_o charge_n of_o levy_v and_o furnish_v a_o army_n for_o spain_n and_o the_o long_o the_o enemy_n hold_v we_o in_o breath_n the_o great_a will_v the_o charge_n arise_v and_o all_o this_o for_o any_o thing_n that_o i_o can_v see_v without_o effect_n see_v it_o be_v neither_o possible_a to_o keep_v a_o army_n from_o land_v nor_o safety_n to_o fight_v without_o great_a advantage_n immediate_o upon_o the_o enemy_n land_v if_o the_o enemy_n shall_v land_n as_o well_o he_o may_v come_v with_o great_a force_n we_o neither_o have_v strong_a town_n nor_o many_o great_a river_n to_o stop_v his_o proceed_n nor_o any_o way_n to_o resist_v but_o by_o force_n of_o man_n in_o open_a field_n and_o how_o dangerous_a it_o be_v to_o oppose_v young_a soldier_n and_o almost_o tumultuary_a force_n against_o a_o puissant_a army_n of_o old_a soldier_n the_o victory_n of_o annibal_n in_o italy_n of_o scipio_n in_o africa_n of_o the_o greek_n in_o persia_n of_o the_o english_a in_o spain_n and_o infinite_a history_n declare_v if_o the_o enemy_n be_v suffer_v to_o take_v breath_n who_o see_v not_o how_o he_o will_v fortify_v himself_o if_o he_o be_v suffer_v to_o range_v without_o fight_n who_o consider_v not_o the_o wrack_n and_o spoil_n of_o the_o country_n that_o will_v follow_v when_o the_o country_n be_v all_o in_o trouble_n the_o revenue_n both_o of_o the_o prince_n and_o private_a man_n either_o will_v cease_v or_o at_o least_o be_v great_o diminish_v ferdinando_n king_n of_o naples_n in_o the_o invasion_n of_o his_o state_n make_v by_o the_o french_a find_v it_o 1._o it_o s'annihilauan_fw-mi l'entrate_n guicciar_n lib._n 1._o true_a and_o reason_n may_v teach_v we_o that_o where_o the_o husbandman_n part_v by_o the_o rapine_n of_o the_o enemy_n and_o part_n by_o the_o spoil_n of_o our_o own_o soldier_n can_v not_o enjoy_v the_o fruit_n of_o their_o ground_n their_o rent_n can_v not_o be_v pay_v and_o if_o rent_n be_v not_o pay_v how_o will_v our_o soldier_n be_v pay_v suppose_v then_o that_o the_o charge_n of_o a_o army_n in_o a_o foreign_a country_n be_v great_a yet_o may_v it_o well_o be_v bear_v be_v equal_o divide_v so_o long_o as_o man_n enjoy_v their_o live_n peaceable_o if_o that_o may_v not_o be_v how_o shall_v we_o maintain_v twice_o so_o many_o soldier_n at_o home_n if_o when_o the_o enemy_n invade_v we_o malcontent_a person_n shall_v discover_v themselves_o then_o as_o the_o number_n of_o our_o enemy_n so_o the_o heap_n of_o our_o trouble_n will_v increase_v but_o suppose_v for_o what_o danger_n in_o such_o a_o case_n be_v not_o to_o be_v forecast_v that_o our_o army_n shall_v receive_v some_o check_n what_o town_n have_v we_o or_o strait_n to_o arrest_v the_o enemy_n the_o country_n people_n be_v unacquainted_a with_o war_n what_o law_n cankeepe_v they_o in_o order_n help_v can_v we_o look_v for_o none_o our_o friend_n be_v either_o not_o able_a or_o not_o will_v to_o help_v we_o for_o some_o seem_v offend_v with_o the_o spoil_n of_o their_o ship_n other_o bear_v we_o in_o hand_n they_o will_v remember_v our_o slender_a help_n aford_v to_o they_o which_o notwithstanding_o be_v more_o than_o they_o deserve_v other_o secret_a wound_n may_v not_o be_v open_v neither_o need_v it_o see_v as_o every_o man_n may_v perceive_v by_o these_o reason_n which_o already_o i_o have_v bring_v how_o easy_a safe_a profitable_a and_o honourable_a it_o be_v to_o invade_v the_o spaniard_n and_o how_o disaduatageous_a it_o will_v be_v to_o this_o land_n if_o either_o we_o stay_v with_o our_o hand_n fold_v together_o or_o else_o defer_v to_o charge_v the_o spaniard_n with_o full_a force_n until_o such_o time_n as_o he_o shall_v come_v to_o cut_v our_o throat_n at_o home_n hiero_n 21._o hiero_n liu._n 21._o king_n of_o sicily_n when_o the_o roman_n be_v invade_v by_o annibal_n give_v they_o counsel_n to_o transport_v a_o army_n over_o into_o africa_n the_o happy_a success_n of_o scipio_n do_v the_o same_o fifteen_o year_n afterward_o and_o by_o that_o mean_n make_v a_o end_n of_o the_o war_n do_v confirm_v that_o counsel_n to_o have_v be_v most_o excellent_a if_o when_o philip_n 24._o philip_n liu._n 24._o king_n of_o macedonia_n join_v in_o league_n with_o annibal_n they_o have_v not_o send_v a_o army_n into_o greece_n to_o find_v he_o occupy_v at_o home_n hardly_o can_v they_o have_v make_v resistance_n against_o the_o force_n of_o two_o so_o mighty_a enemy_n unite_v together_o the_o experience_n of_o the_o war_n with_o annibal_n in_o italy_n make_v they_o more_o wise_a afterward_o and_o speedy_a for_o hear_v of_o philip_n of_o macedonia_n and_o antiochus_n his_o preparative_n to_o transport_v their_o army_n into_o italy_n they_o ease_v they_o of_o the_o pain_n and_o meet_v they_o in_o more_o than_o half_a
occasion_n of_o their_o overthrow_n but_o howsoever_o the_o place_n be_v choose_v advantageous_a yet_o there_o be_v always_o some_o part_n that_o lie_v open_a which_o be_v to_o be_v assure_v with_o trench_n and_o palissadae_n the_o less_o advantage_n that_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o ground_n yield_v the_o more_o labour_n our_o soldier_n be_v to_o take_v in_o work_v and_o trench_v the_o same_o and_o that_o with_o a_o trench_n and_o bank_n sufficient_a if_o not_o such_o as_o the_o roman_n use_v yet_o such_o as_o may_v cover_v the_o defendant_n and_o hinder_v the_o ascent_n of_o the_o assailant_n without_o ladder_n caesar_n in_o the_o 2._o the_o castra_n in_o altitudinem_fw-la pedum_fw-la 12._o vallo_fw-la fossaque_fw-la 18._o pedum_fw-la munivit_fw-la caesar_n bell_n gall_n 2._o war_n against_o the_o belgian_n environ_v his_o camp_n near_o soissons_fw-fr with_o a_o bank_n twelve_o foot_n high_a and_o a_o ditch_n eighteen_o foot_n broad_a if_o the_o danger_n be_v great_a the_o roman_n use_v to_o make_v their_o bank_n high_a and_o trench_n deep_o it_o will_v be_v incredible_a if_o i_o shall_v report_v all_o those_o bank_n trench_n and_o work_n which_o caesar_n make_v about_o alexia_n in_o france_n and_o at_o dyrrhachium_n in_o the_o war_n against_o pompey_n and_o other_o place_n and_o how_o he_o cast_v trench_n of_o great_a depth_n ten_o or_o eleven_o mile_n compass_n which_o be_v also_o the_o use_n of_o all_o the_o roman_n who_o work_v yet_o remain_v in_o england_n in_o diverse_a place_n because_o it_o seem_v incredible_a they_o shall_v be_v do_v by_o man_n be_v call_v divelles_n ditch_n and_o suppose_v by_o they_o to_o be_v cast_v that_o this_o fortification_n may_v be_v make_v with_o more_o ease_n and_o great_a speed_n every_o man_n be_v to_o work_v either_o with_o mattock_n or_o spade_n i_o know_v our_o man_n will_v at_o first_o refuse_v it_o and_o discharge_v themselves_o upon_o pionnier_n but_o why_o shall_v they_o disdain_v to_o do_v that_o which_o the_o roman_n do_v and_o why_o shall_v any_o refuse_v to_o work_v to_o save_v his_o life_n and_o the_o life_n of_o their_o company_n let_v they_o consider_v how_o such_o idle_a fellow_n that_o will_v not_o fortify_v their_o lodging_n have_v be_v use_v 27._o use_v castra_n procos_fw-la habebat_fw-la nee_n loco_fw-la satis_fw-la tuto_fw-la posita_fw-la neâ—_n praesidiis_fw-la firmata_fw-la hac_fw-la negligentia_fw-la fretus_fw-la cum_fw-la incautum_fw-la annibal_n opressit_fw-la liu._n 27._o fuluis_fw-la the_o roman_a proconsul_n neither_o for_o place_n nor_o defence_n nor_o guard_n lie_v strong_o enough_o with_o his_o army_n which_o be_v no_o soon_o bring_v to_o annibal_n but_o march_v thither_o with_o his_o army_n he_o take_v he_o at_o unawre_n and_o overthre_o we_o he_o and_o all_o his_o company_n la_fw-fr loüe_fw-fr and_o his_o company_n lie_v secure_a and_o careless_a without_o trench_n or_o barriquade_v have_v their_o throat_n cut_v by_o the_o garrison_n of_o montpellier_n in_o the_o night_n be_v asleep_a in_o their_o lodging_n anno_fw-la one_o thousand_o five_o hundred_o sixty_o and_o nine_o neither_o do_v the_o company_n that_o under_o napoleon_n ursini_n guicciard_n ursini_n guicciard_n come_v to_o the_o succour_n of_o florence_n besiege_v by_o the_o prince_n of_o orange_n in_o the_o day_n of_o charles_n the_o five_o escape_n better_a cheap_a to_o teach_v other_o percase_o to_o make_v better_o barriquade_v and_o trench_n and_o to_o keep_v better_a watch_n if_o the_o protestant_n dare_v have_v charge_v charles_n the_o five_o before_o his_o camp_n be_v fortify_v at_o englestat_fw-la they_o have_v 1._o have_v natal_n come_v l._n 1._o no_o doubt_n foil_v he_o neither_o be_v it_o sufficient_a to_o trench_v the_o way_n if_o we_o lie_v open_a on_o the_o side_n every_o way_n must_v have_v some_o defence_n strossi_n 7._o strossi_n hist._n the_o troubl_n de_fw-fr er._n li._n 7._o stiff_o defend_v a_o certain_a valley_n by_o rocheabeille_fw-fr anno_fw-la one_o thousand_o five_o hundred_o sixty_o and_o nine_o fence_a only_a in_o front_n with_o a_o weak_a palissade_n be_v invest_v on_o the_o side_n and_o force_v by_o the_o protestant_n in_o which_o disaster_n himself_o be_v take_v and_o most_o of_o his_o troop_n distroup_v and_o slay_v if_o his_o defence_n have_v be_v strong_a in_o all_o place_n he_o have_v save_v himself_o and_o foil_v his_o enemy_n q._n cicero_n 5._o cicero_n caes_n bell_n gall_n 5._o one_o of_o caesar_n lieutenant_n by_o the_o fortification_n of_o his_o camp_n abode_n diverse_a assault_n of_o the_o whole_a power_n of_o france_n and_o hold_v out_o until_o such_o time_n as_o caesar_n succour_v he_o and_o well_o befall_v it_o prospero_n colonna_n that_o his_o lodging_n be_v strong_a at_o the_o bicocke_n for_o otherwise_o he_o and_o his_o company_n have_v be_v draw_v out_o thence_o not_o by_o the_o ear_n but_o by_o the_o leg_n there_o be_v none_o so_o small_a a_o fortification_n but_o it_o may_v do_v we_o favour_v in_o such_o a_o case_n the_o spaniard_n make_v a_o trench_n between_o themselves_o and_o the_o french_a at_o 5._o at_o guicciard_n li._n 5._o cirignola_n and_o border_v the_o same_o with_o their_o shot_n make_v they_o to_o this_o day_n remember_v what_o danger_n it_o be_v to_o pass_v a_o trench_n resolute_o defend_v in_o these_o late_a brawl_n of_o france_n captain_n granry_n 6._o granry_n hist_o the_o troubl_n de_fw-fr fr._n li._n 6._o lodging_n in_o esse_fw-la a_o village_n upon_o the_o river_n of_o vienne_n give_v the_o enemy_n a_o rude_a welcome_a come_n to_o see_v he_o in_o his_o lodging_n in_o the_o night_n his_o safety_n be_v in_o a_o double_a barrier_n and_o trench_v make_v by_o he_o at_o the_o end_n of_o the_o street_n yet_o let_v every_o man_n take_v heed_n how_o he_o presume_v upon_o every_o small_a defence_n and_o rather_o let_v he_o cause_v his_o man_n to_o take_v more_o pain_n it_o be_v no_o base_a labour_n that_o be_v undertake_v for_o the_o defence_n of_o our_o life_n and_o little_o do_v he_o deserve_v his_o life_n that_o will_v not_o dig_v a_o few_o turf_n to_o save_v it_o ludovike_v of_o nassau_n the_o brother_n to_o the_o prince_n of_o orange_n presume_v too_o much_o upon_o a_o little_a bad_a ditch_n betwixt_o he_o and_o the_o duke_n of_o alua_n army_n if_o it_o have_v be_v but_o six_o foot_n deep_o he_o have_v repulse_v the_o enemy_n with_o great_a slaughter_n 1568._o slaughter_n this_o happeved_a anno_fw-la 1568._o for_o idleness_n and_o want_n of_o skill_n he_o and_o his_o company_n be_v overthrow_v and_o drive_v to_o take_v embden_n for_o their_o succour_n and_o yet_o not_o warn_v herewith_o when_o he_o bring_v a_o supply_n out_o of_o germany_n to_o aid_v his_o brother_n islaelâ—_n brother_n mich._n ab_fw-la islaelâ—_n lie_v in_o a_o village_n without_o sufficient_a defence_n he_o be_v charge_v by_o the_o enemy_n and_o there_o slay_v and_o with_o he_o christopher_n the_o prince_n palatine_n son_n a_o prince_n unworthy_a that_o disastrous_a death_n and_o with_o they_o most_o of_o the_o company_n that_o the_o camp_n may_v with_o more_o ease_n be_v trench_v and_o fortify_v the_o work_n be_v equal_o to_o be_v divide_v among_o the_o company_n that_o equity_n the_o roman_n teach_v we_o and_o 1._o and_o singula_fw-la latera_fw-la castrotum_fw-la singulis_fw-la attribuit_fw-la legionibus_fw-la munienda_fw-la caes_n bell_n gall_n 1._o caesar_n practise_v divide_v the_o ground_n among_o his_o regiment_n to_o be_v wrought_v and_o shame_v it_o be_v among_o we_o see_v as_o the_o use_n of_o war_n teach_v we_o the_o great_a profit_n of_o labour_n in_o bank_v and_o trench_v that_o we_o put_v it_o over_o to_o a_o sort_n of_o man_n call_v pionniers_n unknowen_a among_o the_o roman_n who_o work_n be_v always_o militum_fw-la always_o they_o be_v common_o term_v opera_fw-la militum_fw-la do_v by_o soldier_n this_o be_v the_o cause_n of_o the_o great_a charge_n of_o prince_n and_o slow_a proceed_n and_o slender_a effect_n of_o war_n therefore_o they_o that_o will_v not_o work_v and_o take_v pain_n rather_o than_o die_v shameful_o let_v they_o die_v but_o let_v not_o the_o idleness_n of_o such_o prejudice_n the_o state_n or_o the_o safety_n of_o brave_a man_n but_o let_v such_o defend_v themselves_o as_o well_o with_o bank_n as_o with_o weapon_n and_o not_o follow_v the_o slothful_a pride_n of_o ather_n the_o form_n of_o the_o camp_n be_v much_o according_a to_o the_o site_n and_o lie_v of_o the_o ground_n among_o the_o roman_n it_o be_v make_v for_o the_o most_o part_n four_o square_a but_o it_o skill_v not_o though_o it_o be_v three_o or_o five_o square_a so_o the_o bank_n will_v be_v make_v ten_o sufficient_a ten_o less_o depth_n &_o breadth_n will_v serve_v but_o this_o make_v the_o bank_n sufficient_a or_o twelve_o foot_n high_a the_o ditch_n sixteen_o or_o eighteen_o foot_n broad_a the_o deep_a the_o ditch_n and_o high_a the_o bank_n be_v the_o more_o assure_v be_v
the_o defence_n at_o every_o corner_n especial_o towards_o the_o enemy_n there_o will_v be_v make_v a_o little_a bulwark_n or_o platform_n somewhat_o avance_v from_o the_o curtain_n of_o the_o camp_n for_o the_o place_n of_o the_o great_a ordnance_n for_o defence_n of_o the_o ditch_n and_o curtain_a and_o clear_v of_o the_o ground_n without_o the_o camp_n in_o the_o side_n there_o will_v be_v leave_v two_o great_a passage_n or_o issue_n for_o the_o army_n to_o enter_v and_o issue_n and_o two_o lesser_a on_o the_o outside_n for_o the_o necessary_a use_n of_o the_o camp_n the_o compass_n be_v according_a to_o the_o number_n of_o the_o army_n allow_v ten_o foot_n square_a for_o every_o horseman_n and_o four_o foot_n square_a for_o every_o footman_n or_o thereabouts_o there_o be_v to_o be_v leave_v four_o broad_a street_n in_o the_o place_n for_o the_o pass_a and_o repass_v of_o soldier_n and_o for_o the_o commodity_n of_o victualler_n and_o merchant_n a_o market_n place_n the_o general_n ought_v to_o pitch_v his_o tent_n in_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o camp_n about_o he_o be_v his_o gentleman_n and_o guard_n to_o be_v place_v if_o there_o be_v not_o place_v sufficient_a for_o they_o in_o his_o tent_n the_o horseman_n be_v to_o be_v quarter_v in_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o camp_n for_o that_o they_o be_v most_o unready_a if_o any_o sudden_a assault_n shall_v happen_v but_o in_o some_o convenient_a square_n for_o the_o beauty_n of_o the_o camp_n the_o shot_n and_o archery_n be_v to_o have_v their_o tent_n next_o to_o the_o ring_n of_o the_o camp_n round_o about_o the_o same_o within_o they_o be_v the_o halberdier_n targeteer_n and_o other_o short_a weapon_n to_o have_v their_o quarter_n assign_v and_o betwixt_o they_o and_o the_o horseman_n the_o pike_n so_o that_o every_o man_n may_v know_v both_o where_o to_o lodge_v direct_o and_o what_o place_n to_o go_v unto_o if_o the_o enemy_n do_v charge_n us._n the_o waste_a place_n remain_v be_v to_o be_v assign_v to_o the_o carriage_n and_o the_o boy_n and_o servant_n that_o follow_v the_o camp_n for_o slaughter_n of_o beast_n and_o necessity_n of_o nature_n there_o be_v two_o place_n to_o be_v assign_v either_o in_o some_o out_o place_n of_o the_o camp_n or_o without_o the_o camp_n the_o whole_a distance_n and_o compass_n be_v rather_o with_o the_o judgement_n of_o the_o eye_n then_o with_o geometrical_a instrument_n to_o be_v cast_v out_o yet_o must_v the_o quartermaster_n take_v heed_n both_o that_o his_o compass_n be_v not_o too_o great_a for_o that_o be_v hardly_o defend_v and_o that_o it_o be_v not_o too_o little_a for_o in_o that_o case_n the_o army_n shall_v be_v strait_v that_o soldier_n may_v be_v commodioussy_a lodge_v in_o the_o field_n without_o go_v out_o of_o the_o way_n to_o find_v town_n or_o village_n it_o be_v necessary_a that_o every_o company_n have_v their_o 2._o their_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d xenoph._n pae_v cyr._n 2._o tent_n assign_v to_o they_o of_o public_a charge_n and_o carry_v with_o they_o in_o cart_n for_o to_o lodge_v without_o cover_n in_o cold_a rain_n or_o heat_n be_v very_o intolerable_a and_o wood_n to_o make_v cabbane_n sufficient_a in_o few_o place_n can_v be_v find_v and_o if_o it_o can_v yet_o be_v it_o a_o matter_n long_o for_o one_o night_n lodging_n to_o make_v a_o cabbane_n of_o bough_n contrariwise_o tent_n be_v easy_o pitch_v and_o not_o heavy_a to_o be_v carry_v nor_o very_o chargeable_a to_o be_v buy_v that_o the_o soldier_n may_v finish_v their_o work_n with_o more_o speed_n it_o be_v necessary_a likewise_o that_o every_o company_n have_v their_o spade_n mattock_n axe_n and_o other_o tool_n carry_v along_o with_o their_o tent_n and_o baggage_n that_o every_o man_n present_o upon_o view_n of_o his_o lodging_n stake_v out_o may_v know_v where_o to_o work_v for_o ease_v of_o the_o soldier_n a_o judicious_a quartermaster_n will_v choose_v some_o place_n near_o a_o wood_n or_o a_o river_n or_o some_o hill_n that_o with_o the_o natural_a situation_n of_o the_o place_n a_o small_a fortification_n may_v serve_v if_o the_o quartermaster_n do_v choose_v some_o village_n to_o lodge_v in_o yet_o fâ—â—_n greediness_n of_o cover_n for_o his_o man_n let_v he_o take_v heed_n how_o he_o do_v divide_v separate_v the_o army_n far_o a_o sunder_o and_o further_o let_v every_o part_n fortiâ—â—_n the_o quarter_n where_o they_o be_v lodge_v the_o cause_n of_o the_o overthrow_n of_o the_o prince_n of_o conde_n at_o cognac_n in_o which_o encounter_n he_o lose_v also_o his_o life_n be_v the_o distance_n of_o the_o lodging_n of_o the_o avantgarde_n and_o battle_n which_o be_v so_o great_a that_o the_o one_o part_n be_v charge_v by_o the_o enemy_n the_o other_o can_v not_o come_v to_o succour_v it_o before_o it_o be_v too_o late_o 4._o late_o histoir_fw-fr de_fw-fr 〈◊〉_d bl_v lib._n 4._o dandelot_n disperse_v his_o company_n in_o village_n be_v surprise_v on_o the_o sudden_a by_o martigue_n and_o put_v to_o flight_n himself_o hardly_o escape_v most_o of_o his_o company_n be_v defeat_v which_o if_o his_o troop_n have_v be_v together_o can_v not_o have_v happen_v for_o his_o force_n be_v four_o time_n great_a than_o those_o that_o overcome_v they_o la_fw-fr louè_fw-fr may_v have_v be_v succour_v when_o the_o enemy_n charge_v he_o but_o that_o he_o 12._o he_o hist_o the_o troubl_n lib._n 12._o lodge_v so_o far_o from_o help_n that_o before_o the_o same_o can_v come_v he_o &_o his_o man_n be_v dispatch_v the_o cause_n of_o the_o overthrow_n of_o the_o baron_fw-fr donaw_fw-mi &_o his_o almain_n be_v for_o that_o they_o lay_v disperse_v &_o without_o defence_n 4._o defence_n xenoph._n exp_v cyr._n 3._o &_o 4._o xenophon_n although_o necessity_n force_v he_o in_o his_o return_n from_o the_o battle_n against_o artaxerxes_n to_o lodge_v his_o company_n in_o diverse_a village_n yet_o whensoever_o the_o enemy_n make_v show_v to_o approach_v he_o draw_v they_o all_o together_o into_o one_o place_n if_o so_o be_v that_o necessity_n drive_v we_o likewise_o to_o lodge_v our_o army_n in_o village_n let_v we_o know_v first_o how_o upon_o need_n we_o may_v bring_v they_o together_o and_o next_o how_o every_o part_n may_v sustain_v the_o enemy_n assault_n until_o help_v come_v to_o it_o this_o i_o say_v be_v wrought_v first_o by_o traverse_v the_o way_n then_o by_o trench_a place_n of_o easy_a access_n the_o way_n be_v to_o be_v traverse_a by_o deep_a ditch_n &_o bank_n for_o defence_n of_o our_o shot_n next_o by_o palissadae_n &_o bar_n place_v overthwart_o the_o side_n be_v to_o be_v view_v and_o either_o with_o trench_n or_o wall_n to_o be_v fortify_v those_o way_n that_o lead_v we_o into_o the_o village_n on_o the_o backside_n be_v to_o be_v dam_v up_o &_o where_o there_o be_v great_a show_n that_o the_o enemy_n will_v assault_v we_o there_o grete_a store_n of_o shot_n be_v to_o be_v place_v in_o the_o chamber_n look_v that_o way_n the_o cart_n &_o baggage_n convenient_o place_v may_v break_v the_o force_n of_o the_o enemy_n horse_n &_o make_v the_o access_n for_o footman_n also_o more_o difficult_a the_o heluetian_o 1._o heluetian_o caes_n bell_n gall_n 1._o have_v no_o other_o defence_n of_o their_o lodging_n neither_o do_v the_o german_n at_o this_o day_n use_v any_o other_o defence_n or_o encamp_a unless_o the_o place_n natural_o afford_v it_o but_o nothing_o be_v more_o weak_a nor_o vain_a where_o the_o enemy_n come_v resolute_o to_o the_o charge_n scipio_n his_o father_n that_o overcome_v annibal_n be_v foil_v by_o the_o carthaginian_n in_o spain_n through_o the_o treachery_n of_o the_o celtiberian_n that_o forsake_v he_o think_v to_o shroud_v himself_o and_o his_o 25._o his_o liu._n 25._o company_n under_o the_o cart_n &_o pack_n and_o such_o thing_n as_o he_o can_v bring_v together_o to_o make_v a_o defence_n on_o but_o it_o serve_v for_o nothing_o but_o to_o linger_v the_o enemy_n victory_n a_o little_a for_o in_o such_o defence_n there_o be_v no_o strength_n if_o therefore_o we_o will_v neither_o fortify_v our_o camp_n as_o do_v the_o roman_n nor_o bar_v the_o village_n where_o we_o lodge_v strong_o as_o be_v the_o use_n of_o wise_a captain_n in_o these_o day_n i_o will_v neither_o warrant_v our_o troop_n nor_o by_o my_o will_n keep_v among_o they_o lie_v so_o open_a the_o com._n the_o philip._n com._n french_a king_n &_o duke_n of_o burgundy_n lie_v in_o the_o suburb_n of_o liege_n without_o trench_n or_o barriquade_v escape_v very_o narow_o in_o a_o certain_a sally_n of_o the_o townsman_n by_o they_o besiege_v beside_o the_o fortification_n of_o the_o camp_n or_o lodging_n it_o be_v requisite_a for_o the_o assurance_n of_o our_o company_n that_o we_o place_v not_o only_a sentinel_n and_o scout_n within_o but_o also_o good_a guard_n at_o all_o the_o gate_n
the_o hist_o the_o troubl_n de_fw-fr fr._n l._n 9_o admiral_n at_o moncontour_n will_v willing_o have_v pass_v the_o day_n without_o fight_n but_o be_v near_o the_o enemy_n he_o can_v neither_o pass_v the_o river_n without_o disorder_v his_o army_n nor_o retire_v without_o manifest_a danger_n of_o be_v utter_o break_v and_o ruinate_v philip_n of_o macedonia_n albeit_o he_o be_v encamp_v upon_o the_o bank_n of_o the_o river_n aous_n very_o strong_o and_o have_v most_o high_a mountain_n for_o his_o defence_n upon_o his_o back_n yet_o be_v charge_v sudden_o from_o the_o upper_a ground_n he_o be_v both_o drive_v to_o fight_v against_o his_o will_n and_o foil_v by_o tit._n quintius_n wherefore_o consider_v the_o loss_n and_o calamity_n that_o come_v of_o suffer_v the_o country_n to_o be_v burn_v and_o spoil_v the_o hazard_n that_o to_o wne_n besiege_v by_o the_o enemy_n without_o hope_n of_o succour_n stand_v in_o the_o discouragement_n of_o our_o people_n that_o see_v and_o enemy_n in_o the_o country_n who_o they_o dare_v not_o encounter_v i_o hold_v it_o a_o rule_n most_o certain_a that_o no_o country_n nor_o state_n can_v well_o be_v defend_v against_o a_o strong_a enemy_n any_o long_a time_n unless_o the_o same_o either_o have_v or_o can_v procure_v a_o army_n to_o come_v into_o the_o field_n able_a to_o encounter_v he_o and_o not_o unwilling_a also_o if_o the_o same_o may_v have_v any_o good_a advantage_n to_o fight_v with_o he_o and_o therefore_o all_o valiant_a man_n that_o love_v their_o country_n be_v rather_o to_o endeavour_n to_o overcome_v the_o enemy_n by_o force_n then_o dull_v he_o and_o weary_v he_o by_o patience_n and_o delay_n which_o bring_v with_o they_o contempt_n of_o those_o that_o want_v a_o edge_n and_o force_n that_o we_o may_v fight_v with_o advantage_n and_o proceed_v with_o reason_n let_v we_o now_o examine_v and_o see_v what_o thing_n be_v to_o be_v foresee_v and_o consider_v before_o that_o the_o general_n do_v bring_v forth_o his_o army_n into_o the_o field_n to_o fight_v chap._n xi_o contain_v special_a matter_n to_o be_v well_o consider_v before_o the_o general_n bring_v forth_o his_o army_n to_o fight_v with_o the_o enemy_n in_o open_a field_n many_o thing_n in_o war_n be_v execute_v by_o force_n and_o strength_n of_o man_n but_o seldom_o do_v force_n prevail_v much_o without_o counsel_n and_o direction_n counsel_n in_o all_o deed_n of_o arm_n challenge_v a_o principal_a place_n but_o especial_o in_o join_v battle_n with_o the_o enemy_n to_o refuse_v good_a counsel_n therefore_o in_o this_o case_n be_v a_o brutish_a folly_n oftentimes_o severe_o punish_v the_o constable_n of_o france_n peevish_o refuse_v the_o good_a counsel_n of_o coucy_n that_o dissuade_v he_o at_o that_o time_n to_o fight_v with_o the_o turk_n be_v the_o cause_n of_o the_o miserable_a slaughter_n of_o christian_n at_o nicopolis_n the_o frenchman_n detest_v in_o their_o history_n the_o pride_n and_o insolency_n of_o a_o certain_a duke_n of_o bourbon_n who_o froissart_n who_o froissart_n be_v general_n in_o a_o certain_a enterprise_n against_o the_o saracen_n in_o africa_n overthrow_v the_o action_n by_o disdain_v to_o hear_v any_o man_n speak_v and_o refuse_v all_o counsel_n but_o his_o own_o a_o man_n wise_a enough_o to_o ruinate_v any_o enterprise_n wise_a captain_n therefore_o as_o they_o will_v consider_v many_o thing_n themselves_o so_o i_o trust_v they_o will_v not_o disdain_v to_o understand_v the_o experience_n and_o advise_v of_o other_o before_o a_o general_n do_v resolve_v to_o fight_v with_o the_o enemy_n with_o all_o his_o force_n he_o be_v first_o diligent_o to_o understand_v both_o the_o strength_n of_o the_o enemy_n and_o the_o number_n and_o strength_n of_o his_o own_o man_n least_o presume_v too_o much_o of_o his_o own_o power_n or_o contemn_v the_o enemy_n he_o do_v that_o which_o afterward_o he_o may_v repent_v guicciandin_n repent_v guicciandin_n francis_n the_o first_o of_o france_n not_o know_v how_o much_o he_o be_v abuse_v by_o his_o moster_n roll_n and_o suppose_v his_o strength_n to_o be_v great_a than_o it_o be_v accept_v of_o the_o battle_n of_o pavia_n where_o himself_o be_v take_v and_o his_o army_n discomfit_v â—_o discomfit_v caes_n bell_n ciu_o â—_o curio_z not_o know_v the_o great_a strength_n of_o the_o enemy_n horseman_n do_v rash_o leave_v the_o advantage_n of_o the_o ground_n and_o fight_v with_o he_o that_o in_o the_o plain_n be_v to_o strong_a for_o he_o which_o be_v his_o ruin_n cassius_n in_o the_o battle_n of_o philippi_n not_o understand_v the_o victory_n of_o brutus_n his_o companion_n desperate_o slay_v himself_o and_o be_v the_o cause_n of_o the_o discouragement_n of_o his_o side_n and_o the_o victory_n of_o the_o enemy_n if_o therefore_o he_o shall_v understand_v that_o his_o enemy_n be_v too_o strong_a for_o he_o let_v he_o keep_v his_o advantage_n of_o ground_n and_o avoid_v fight_n if_o his_o own_o power_n be_v great_a let_v he_o not_o delay_v it_o for_o it_o be_v no_o less_o dishonour_n to_o let_v slip_v a_o opportunity_n then_o to_o adventure_v rash_o young_a soldier_n be_v not_o rash_o to_o be_v bring_v into_o the_o field_n against_o a_o army_n exercise_v and_o beat_v with_o long_a practice_n of_o war_n the_o roman_n find_v this_o true_a by_o their_o own_o practice_n in_o the_o war_n with_o their_o 1._o their_o veterani_fw-la exercitus_fw-la tobore_fw-la rex_fw-la rom._n vicit_fw-la liu._n 1._o neighbour_n and_o with_o annibal_n where_o their_o army_n be_v well_o train_v they_o prevail_v their_o fresh_a soldier_n can_v not_o endure_v the_o force_n of_o annibal_n beat_v man_n caesar_n old_a soldier_n be_v invincible_a with_o the_o man_n that_o philip_n of_o macedonia_n have_v exercise_v in_o many_o war_n alexander_n overthrow_v the_o persian_a empire_n for_o it_o be_v not_o 1._o not_o veteres_n non_fw-la tam_fw-la numeroso_n exercitus_fw-la habere_fw-la voluerunt_fw-la quà m_fw-la eruditos_fw-la veget._n l._n 3._o c._n 1._o number_n that_o prevail_v but_o experience_n and_o skill_n the_o come_v the_o philip._n come_v gallant_n of_o charles_n duke_n of_o burgundy_n brag_v that_o they_o will_v do_v and_o venture_v but_o when_o they_o see_v their_o enemy_n they_o forget_v their_o word_n and_o run_v away_o in_o the_o encounter_n with_o lewis_n the_o eleven_o at_o mont_fw-fr le_fw-fr herie_fw-fr therefore_o do_v caesar_n wise_o that_o carry_v over_o with_o he_o diverse_a young_a soldier_n into_o africa_n afric_n africa_n noluit_fw-la convulncrari_fw-la exercitum_fw-la tyronman_n hirt_n de_fw-fr bell_n afric_n will_v not_o put_v they_o to_o the_o trial_n before_o he_o have_v make_v they_o better_o acquaint_v with_o war_n soldier_n likewise_o when_o they_o be_v faint_a weary_a hungry_a or_o thirsty_a fight_v but_o faint_o and_o therefore_o as_o there_o be_v no_o trust_n in_o young_a soldier_n so_o there_o be_v no_o strength_n in_o soldier_n that_o be_v faint_a with_o labour_n or_o want_v of_o victual_n do_v not_o therefore_o rash_o encounter_v the_o enemy_n when_o they_o man_n be_v either_o weary_v with_o long_o march_v or_o watch_v or_o faint_a for_o want_v of_o meat_n or_o drink_v the_o 27._o the_o ind_n cibo_fw-la corpora_fw-la firmare_fw-la iussi_fw-la ut_fw-la si_fw-la longior_fw-la esset_fw-la pugna_fw-la viribus_fw-la sufficerent_fw-la liu._n 27._o roman_n before_o they_o enter_v the_o battle_n refresh_v their_o man_n with_o victual_n and_o rest_n that_o if_o the_o same_o continue_v long_o yet_o their_o strength_n may_v continue_v 28._o continue_v syllanus_n ante_fw-la pugnam_fw-la militem_fw-la cibum_fw-la capere_fw-la iubet_fw-la liu._n 28._o syllanus_n be_v ready_a to_o charge_v the_o enemy_n command_v his_o soldier_n to_o dine_v first_o the_o principal_a cause_n of_o the_o overthrow_n of_o the_o roman_n at_o trebia_n be_v that_o annibal_n bring_v forth_o his_o man_n to_o fight_v fresh_a have_v well_o dine_v warm_v themselves_o and_o rest_v where_o as_o the_o roman_a 21._o roman_a liu._n 21._o general_n bring_v forth_o his_o army_n fast_v and_o cold_a by_o reason_n they_o pass_v a_o river_n and_o weary_a for_o that_o they_o stand_v many_o hour_n in_o arm_n before_o the_o battle_n begin_v aemilius_z in_o the_o war_n against_o perseus_n in_o macedonia_n albeit_o his_o soldier_n desire_v to_o fight_v with_o the_o 44.214_o the_o statuit_fw-la aemilius_n lassitudinem_fw-la &_o sitim_fw-la sentientes_fw-la milites_fw-la integro_fw-la hostinon_fw-la obijcere_fw-la liu._n 44.214_o enemy_n so_o soon_o as_o they_o see_v he_o yet_o consider_v that_o by_o their_o long_a march_n they_o be_v weary_a thirsty_a and_o faint_a will_v not_o fight_v with_o the_o enemy_n that_o be_v fresh_a and_o lusty_a but_o defer_v it_o to_o the_o next_o day_n yea_o although_o advantage_n be_v offer_v yet_o if_o our_o 31._o our_o furius_n lassitudini_fw-la militum_fw-la timens_fw-la occasionem_fw-la rei_fw-la praeclarè_v gerendae_fw-la omisit_fw-la liu._n 31._o soldier_n be_v faint_a and_o weary_a it_o be_v more_o safe_a to_o
pass_v it_o xenoph._n it_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d xenoph._n clearchus_n see_v his_o soldier_n faint_a and_o hungry_a will_v not_o charge_v the_o enemy_n albeit_o good_a occasion_n be_v offer_v the_o prince_n of_o conde_n bring_v his_o man_n that_o have_v watch_v for_o the_o most_o part_n all_o the_o night_n into_o the_o field_n before_o saint_n denis_n anno_fw-la 1567._o find_v what_o faintness_n watch_v work_v asdrubal_n be_v charge_v at_o metaurus_n when_o his_o own_o soldier_n be_v weary_a and_o sleepy_a by_o the_o reason_n of_o his_o night_n march_n and_o his_o enemy_n fresh_a and_o lusty_a be_v overthrow_v with_o a_o mighty_a slaughter_n the_o 27._o the_o sitis_fw-la &_o calor_fw-la hiantes_fw-la caedendos_fw-la capiendósque_fw-la gallos_n praebebat_fw-la liu._n 27._o gaul_n gape_v for_o thirst_n and_o heat_n and_o be_v weary_v with_o travel_n and_o watch_v be_v slay_v or_o take_v puigalliard_n in_o these_o late_a trouble_n of_o france_n cause_v his_o troop_n to_o march_v continual_o two_o day_n and_o two_o night_n think_v by_o his_o speed_n to_o surprise_v the_o protestant_n at_o s._n 13._o s._n hist_o the_o troubl_n de_fw-fr fr._n l._n 13._o gem_n be_v himself_o the_o cause_n that_o his_o man_n be_v cut_v in_o piece_n by_o la_o none_o not_o be_v able_a for_o want_v of_o sleep_n and_o rest_n to_o do_v any_o service_n but_o least_o cause_n have_v he_o to_o venture_v who_o soldier_n stand_v in_o fear_n of_o the_o enemy_n force_n caesar_n therefore_o will_v not_o begin_v his_o journey_n against_o â—_o against_o caes_n bell_n gal._n â—_o ariovistus_fw-la and_o the_o german_n before_o he_o have_v resolve_v his_o man_n that_o stand_v in_o fear_n of_o they_o to_o fight_v and_o have_v have_v evil_a success_n in_o one_o or_o two_o encounter_n at_o dyrrhachium_n which_o much_o dismated_a his_o soldier_n he_o remoove_v from_o thence_o and_o will_v not_o fight_v until_o such_o time_n as_o his_o soldier_n be_v confirm_v he_o that_o doubt_v any_o such_o thing_n in_o his_o man_n be_v first_o to_o confirm_v they_o with_o hope_n and_o report_n of_o their_o former_a valiant_a action_n and_o with_o declaration_n of_o the_o enemy_n want_n and_o weakness_n and_o disadvantage_n he_o be_v to_o encourage_v they_o with_o promise_n and_o hope_v of_o reward_n to_o fear_v they_o with_o shame_n and_o plain_o to_o declare_v unto_o they_o that_o there_o in_o no_o hope_n but_o in_o victory_n and_o therefore_o that_o if_o not_o for_o their_o honour_n yet_o for_o 21._o for_o virture_n pares_fw-la necessitate_n superiores_fw-la liu._n 21._o save_v of_o themselves_o they_o ought_v to_o fight_v valiant_o necessity_n 34._o necessity_n nusquam_fw-la nisi_fw-la in_o virtute_fw-la spes_fw-la est_fw-la milites_fw-la liu._n 34._o enforce_v man_n to_o fight_v and_o the_o example_n of_o their_o commander_n ready_a to_o abide_v with_o they_o in_o all_o danger_n make_v they_o ashamed_a to_o fly_v much_o do_v it_o encourage_v caesar_n soldier_n when_o they_o see_v he_o in_o the_o battle_n against_o the_o heluetian_o put_v his_o horse_n from_o he_o ready_a to_o take_v the_o common_a hazard_n with_o they_o and_o a_o very_a coward_n he_o be_v that_o neither_o with_o persuasion_n nor_o example_n will_v be_v encourage_v the_o soldier_n for_o their_o person_n strength_n and_o courage_n be_v such_o as_o they_o shall_v be_v the_o next_o consideration_n of_o a_o general_n that_o purpose_v to_o fight_v be_v that_o they_o have_v their_o arm_n fit_v and_o all_o baggage_n and_o impediment_n that_o may_v hinder_v they_o remoove_v alexander_n before_o he_o fight_v with_o plutarch_n with_o plutarch_n darius_n forget_v not_o so_o much_o as_o to_o give_v order_n that_o the_o hair_n of_o his_o soldier_n head_n and_o beard_n shall_v be_v cut_v lest_o the_o enemy_n may_v take_v hold_n by_o it_o small_a matter_n you_o will_v say_v but_o in_o this_o not_o the_o small_a matter_n be_v to_o be_v contemn_v but_o yet_o nothing_o be_v more_o to_o be_v respect_v than_o the_o ground_n where_o thou_o purpose_v to_o abide_v the_o enemy_n there_o be_v great_a advantage_n in_o hedge_n ditch_n and_o the_o high_a ground_n caesar_n 1._o caesar_n milites_fw-la e_fw-la loco_fw-la superiore_fw-la pilis_fw-la missis_fw-la facile_fw-la hostium_fw-la phalangem_fw-la perfregerunt_fw-la caes_n bell_n gal._n 1._o soldier_n throw_v their_o javelin_n from_o the_o high_a ground_n and_o follow_v the_o same_o do_v easy_o break_v the_o rank_n of_o their_o enemy_n troop_n alexandr_n troop_n pharnaces_n adversus_fw-la collem_fw-la subiens_fw-la detruditur_fw-la &_o vincitur_fw-la hirt._n de_fw-fr bell_n alexandr_n pharnaces_n lead_v his_o man_n against_o the_o hill_n where_o caesar_n army_n stand_v range_v be_v present_o thrust_v down_o and_o vanquish_v caesar_n wonder_v at_o his_o rashness_n the_o enemy_n have_v seize_v a_o hill_n by_o rome_n the_o consul_n 2._o consul_n temerè_fw-la adverso_fw-la janiculo_fw-la servilius_n ad_fw-la castra_fw-la hostium_fw-la aciem_fw-la erexit_fw-la soedéque_fw-la inde_fw-la pulsus_fw-la est_fw-la sed_fw-la interuentu_fw-la collegae_fw-la ipse_fw-la exercitusque_fw-la seruatus_fw-la est_fw-la liu._n 2._o servilius_n move_v with_o the_o indignity_n of_o it_o do_v rash_o cause_v his_o troop_n to_o march_v up_o the_o hill_n against_o he_o which_o advantage_n the_o enemy_n take_v have_v overthrow_v he_o and_o his_o army_n have_v not_o his_o colleague_n come_v in_o the_o instant_n and_o favour_v his_o retreat_n marius_n marij_fw-la marius_n plutarch_n in_o vita_fw-la marij_fw-la overthrewe_v the_o german_n and_o dane_n more_o easy_o take_v they_o mount_v up_o the_o high_a ground_n certain_a of_o the_o admiral_n of_o france_n his_o company_n foolish_o strive_v to_o win_v the_o hill_n near_o the_o plain_n of_o s._n 9_o s._n hist_o the_o troubl_n de_fw-fr fr._n l._n 9_o clere_n be_v drive_v back_o with_o loss_n and_o have_v utter_o be_v defeat_v if_o the_o almains_n below_o have_v not_o keep_v their_o ground_n and_o arrest_v the_o foremost_a of_o the_o enemy_n that_o pursue_v they_o a_o small_a 7._o small_a exiguum_fw-la loci_fw-la ad_fw-la declivitatem_fw-la fastigium_fw-la magnum_fw-la habet_fw-la momentum_fw-la caes_n bell_n gal._n 7._o advantage_n in_o the_o uneavennes_n of_o the_o ground_n be_v much_o say_v caesar_z in_o the_o further_a of_o the_o victory_n at_o auaricum_n albeit_o he_o have_v the_o victory_n in_o his_o hand_n and_o have_v foil_v the_o enemy_n yet_o will_v he_o not_o follow_v they_o up_o the_o hill_n for_o fear_n of_o the_o discommodity_n of_o the_o ground_n at_o gergovia_n he_o lose_v many_o brave_a soldier_n that_o contrary_a to_o his_o commandment_n will_v needs_o pursue_v the_o enemy_n up_o the_o hill_n himself_o be_v never_o in_o great_a danger_n to_o loose_v the_o field_n then_o at_o munda_n in_o spain_n which_o happen_v by_o the_o forwardness_n of_o his_o man_n that_o needs_o will_v hispanic_n will_v hirt._n de_fw-fr bell_n hispanic_n charge_v the_o enemy_n stand_v on_o the_o high_a ground_n that_o care_n that_o a_o general_n have_v in_o the_o first_o charge_n of_o the_o enemy_n the_o same_o he_o ought_v also_o to_o continue_v in_o the_o pursuit_n of_o his_o victory_n that_o his_o man_n descend_v not_o down_o into_o the_o low_a ground_n nor_o be_v too_o eager_a follow_v they_o up_o the_o hill_n the_o 6._o the_o romanus_n cedentem_fw-la hostem_fw-la effuse_n sequendo_fw-la in_o locum_fw-la iniquum_fw-la pertractus_fw-la acie_n fusus_fw-la liu._n 6._o roman_n follow_v the_o enemy_n without_o order_n and_o be_v draw_v into_o a_o low_a valley_n be_v discomfit_v and_o slay_v the_o enemy_n turn_v back_o upon_o they_o the_o corinthian_n not_o look_v before_o they_o in_o their_o retreat_n fall_v into_o a_o 〈◊〉_d a_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d hollow_a bottom_n of_o ground_n which_o the_o athenian_n perceive_v and_o that_o there_o be_v no_o issue_n out_o compass_v they_o round_o about_o with_o their_o light_n arm_v and_o slinger_n and_o stone_v they_o all_o to_o death_n the_o roman_n enter_v the_o strait_n of_o caudium_n be_v entrap_v by_o the_o samnite_n annibal_n 21._o annibal_n liu._n 21._o sustain_v many_o loss_n by_o the_o people_n of_o the_o mountain_n that_o take_v the_o top_n of_o the_o hill_n and_o roll_v down_o stone_n upon_o his_o soldier_n march_v along_o the_o side_n of_o the_o hill_n which_o difficulty_n 4._o difficulty_n xenoph._n exp_v cyr._n 4._o xenophon_n also_o prove_v in_o pass_v the_o mountain_n of_o the_o carduchians_n all_o difficulty_n which_o hinder_v the_o army_n in_o march_v as_o wood_n hill_n strait_n river_n and_o such_o like_a be_v far_o more_o dangerous_a if_o they_o be_v object_v against_o we_o in_o fight_v and_o therefore_o let_v the_o general_n take_v heed_n that_o he_o be_v not_o charge_v in_o pass_v of_o river_n or_o strait_n or_o at_o any_o like_a disadvantage_n further_o let_v he_o diligent_o view_v and_o search_v the_o country_n that_o the_o enemy_n have_v not_o bestow_v some_o part_n of_o his_o army_n in_o some_o wood_n or_o beyond_o some_o hill_n behind_o or_o
on_o the_o side_n of_o the_o place_n to_o charge_v he_o with_o advantage_n when_o the_o battle_n be_v begin_v by_o which_o mean_v annibal_n overthre_o we_o the_o roman_n at_o trebia_n and_o the_o thrasimene_n lake_n neither_o be_v it_o sufficient_a for_o he_o only_o to_o provide_v that_o the_o enemy_n have_v no_o advantage_n nor_o his_o own_o soldier_n any_o disadvantage_n but_o he_o must_v consider_v also_o if_o he_o may_v take_v the_o enemy_n either_o in_o trap_n or_o at_o any_o disadvantage_n and_o that_o either_o in_o uneven_n ground_n or_o in_o strait_n or_o pass_v of_o river_n or_o any_o place_n where_o his_o army_n be_v disorder_v either_o in_o lodging_n or_o march_v or_o fight_v if_o the_o enemy_n be_v beat_v out_o of_o the_o field_n by_o force_n it_o be_v in_o part_n the_o soldier_n praise_n if_o he_o be_v entrap_v by_o the_o captain_n policy_n that_o be_v his_o hondur_n in_o the_o join_n of_o the_o battle_n the_o general_n be_v likewise_o to_o endeavour_n to_o take_v the_o wind_n and_o to_o have_v the_o sun_n and_o moon_n if_o the_o fight_n be_v in_o the_o night_n upon_o his_o back_n the_o wind_n be_v favourable_a drive_v our_o dart_n arrow_n and_o whatsoever_o we_o throw_v against_o the_o enemy_n with_o great_a force_n forward_o and_o be_v contrary_a do_v diminish_v their_o force_n and_o stop_v the_o soldier_n breath_n and_o fill_v their_o eye_n full_a of_o dust_n in_o the_o battle_n betwixt_o theodosius_n and_o maximus_n the_o tyrant_n nothing_o help_v the_o theodoret._n the_o histor_n ecclese_fw-mi fast_o theodoret._n side_n of_o theodosius_n more_o than_o the_o wind_n that_o drive_v back_o the_o dart_n arrow_n and_o stone_n of_o maximus_n his_o soldier_n the_o 22._o the_o poeni_n aversiterga_fw-la tantùm_fw-la afflante_fw-la vento_fw-la in_fw-la occaecatum_fw-la puluere_fw-la à _fw-la vulturno_fw-la vento_fw-la hostem_fw-la pugnabant_fw-la liu._n 22._o roman_a soldier_n in_o the_o battle_n at_o cannae_n have_v the_o wind_n against_o they_o have_v their_o eye_n and_o throat_n fill_v with_o dust_n which_o favour_v the_o carthaginian_n blow_v upon_o their_o back_n the_o sun_n with_o great_a heat_n fry_a the_o body_n of_o the_o gaul_n make_v they_o 35._o they_o sol_fw-la ingenti_fw-la ardore_fw-la torrebat_fw-la minimè_fw-la patientia_fw-la aestus_fw-la corpora_fw-la gallorum_n liu._n 35._o very_o faint_a fight_v on_o a_o certain_a time_n with_o the_o roman_n vespasian_n soldier_n have_v the_o 19_o the_o tacit._n l._n 19_o moon_n on_o their_o back_n when_o they_o fight_v in_o the_o night_n with_o vitellius_n his_o army_n seem_v great_a than_o they_o be_v and_o do_v see_v to_o strike_v more_o direct_o the_o same_o advantage_n have_v the_o sicilian_n against_o the_o athenian_n in_o that_o night_n encounter_n wherein_o they_o overthrewe_v they_o near_o syracuse_n the_o season_n of_o the_o year_n also_o and_o the_o weather_n be_v to_o be_v consider_v before_o we_o range_v our_o army_n to_o fight_v northern_a people_n endure_v cold_a better_o than_o heat_n and_o therefore_o as_o they_o be_v to_o avoid_v fight_v in_o the_o heat_n of_o the_o day_n and_o summer_n season_n so_o they_o be_v to_o choose_v the_o cool_a morning_n or_o evening_n and_o of_o the_o time_n of_o the_o year_n the_o spring_n or_o dry_a winter_n which_o southren_n people_n can_v not_o brook_v the_o roman_n protract_v time_n until_o the_o heat_n of_o the_o day_n do_v then_o charge_v the_o 9_o the_o liu._n 9_o gaul_n when_o with_o heat_n and_o thirst_n they_o be_v of_o themselves_o ready_a to_o faint_v which_o occasion_v unto_o they_o a_o great_a victory_n in_o rainy_a weather_n shoot_v can_v do_v almost_o any_o service_n that_o time_n therefore_o be_v fit_a for_o arm_v man_n targetter_n and_o such_o like_a to_o charge_v they_o final_o whatsoever_o make_v for_o the_o encouragement_n of_o our_o soldier_n or_o discouragement_n of_o the_o enemy_n the_o same_o aught_o a_o wise_a general_n to_o devise_v and_o practice_v the_o strength_n of_o the_o enemy_n be_v in_o word_n to_o be_v diminish_v the_o goodness_n of_o our_o cause_n and_o strength_n of_o our_o army_n to_o be_v amplify_v whatsoever_o 27._o whatsoever_o fama_fw-la bellum_fw-la conficit_fw-la &_o parua_fw-la momenta_fw-la in_o spem_fw-la metúmque_fw-la impellunt_fw-la animos_fw-la liu._n 27._o report_n may_v hurt_v the_o enemy_n or_o help_v we_o be_v to_o be_v spread_v abroad_o report_v oft_o time_n prevail_v as_o much_o as_o truth_n &_o small_a matter_n make_v man_n in_o that_o case_n both_o fear_n and_o hope_v as_o say_v claudius_n nero._n the_o report_n of_o a_o succour_n come_v do_v daunt_v 19_o daunt_v tacit._n 19_o vitellius_n his_o army_n and_o confirm_v the_o enemy_n which_o also_o happen_v in_o a_o certain_a encounter_n betwixt_o the_o roman_n and_o samnite_n word_n also_o cast_v out_o in_o the_o time_n of_o the_o battle_n as_o that_o their_o general_n be_v slay_v or_o that_o part_n of_o the_o army_n fly_v and_o such_o like_a profit_n much_o therefore_o if_o at_o any_o time_n here_o especial_o the_o skill_n and_o judgement_n of_o a_o capteine_n be_v to_o show_v itself_o in_o take_v advantage_n avoid_v disadvantage_n prevent_v of_o mischief_n lay_v ambush_n for_o the_o enemy_n and_o use_v all_o manner_n of_o stratagem_n and_o devise_n of_o war_n now_o have_v spend_v thus_o much_o time_n in_o consideration_n and_o preparative_n of_o a_o battle_n let_v we_o come_v to_o the_o range_v of_o our_o battle_n and_o to_o the_o action_n itself_o in_o encounter_v and_o vanquish_a the_o enemy_n chap._n xii_o wherein_o be_v discourse_v what_o array_n and_o course_n be_v best_a in_o charge_v the_o enemy_n the_o array_n of_o a_o army_n place_v and_o prepare_v to_o fight_v be_v diverse_a according_a to_o the_o number_n and_o quality_n both_o of_o the_o enemy_n and_o our_o own_o force_n likewise_o according_a to_o our_o strength_n in_o horseman_n or_o footman_n in_o shot_n or_o arm_v man_n and_o last_o of_o all_o according_a to_o the_o difference_n of_o ground_n and_o place_n to_o part_v a_o small_a number_n into_o so_o many_o part_n as_o we_o do_v a_o full_a army_n be_v rather_o to_o break_v it_o then_o orderly_o to_o part_v it_o and_o a_o matter_n in_o show_n ridiculous_a if_o the_o enemy_n force_v be_v great_a on_o the_o corner_n then_o in_o the_o midst_n we_o must_v have_v consideration_n of_o that_o in_o frame_v and_o range_v our_o army_n horseman_n in_o rough_a ground_n in_o wood_n strait_n and_o hill_n be_v unprofitable_a if_o the_o enemy_n be_v strong_a than_o we_o in_o horse_n we_o be_v to_o change_v the_o place_n of_o our_o horseman_n &_o to_o avance_v our_o footman_n where_o the_o way_n be_v straight_o we_o can_v spread_v our_o army_n as_o in_o open_a field_n this_o and_o other_o circumstance_n be_v refer_v to_o the_o judgement_n of_o the_o general_n let_v we_o now_o consider_v what_o array_n be_v best_a in_o open_a field_n our_o army_n be_v full_a and_o have_v all_o the_o part_n thereto_o require_v this_o i_o have_v touch_v already_o where_o i_o show_v before_o how_o a_o army_n march_v be_v sudden_o to_o be_v draw_v into_o order_n by_o what_o rule_v the_o same_o may_v be_v exact_o perform_v remain_v now_o to_o be_v declare_v the_o whole_a army_n consider_v without_o horseman_n or_o shot_n consist_v of_o three_o part_n in_o the_o front_n i_o call_v they_o the_o word_n the_o that_o word_n come_v near_a to_o the_o sense_n though_o not_o to_o the_o proper_a signification_n of_o the_o word_n right_a corner_n the_o middle_a battle_n and_o the_o left_a corner_n the_o roman_n call_v they_o dextrum_fw-la cornu_fw-la mediam_fw-la aciem_fw-la &_o sinistrum_fw-la cornu_fw-la and_o of_o two_o or_o three_o part_n from_o front_n to_o the_o back_n the_o first_o i_o call_v the_o front_n the_o second_o the_o supply_n the_o three_o if_o there_o be_v a_o three_o the_o last_o hope_n the_o roman_n divide_v their_o array_n as_o it_o be_v consider_v in_o depth_n or_o from_o front_n to_o back_n in_o hastatos_fw-la principes_fw-la &_o triarios_fw-la the_o shot_n i_o will_v have_v place_v both_o before_o and_o on_o the_o side_n and_o behind_o every_o of_o these_o part_n divide_v into_o several_a troop_n and_o guide_v by_o several_a leader_n without_o the_o shot_n the_o horseman_n will_v be_v place_v on_o the_o wing_n unless_o some_o special_a cause_n move_v we_o to_o the_o contrary_n the_o three_o part_n of_o the_o front_n may_v either_o stand_v join_v together_o or_o with_o some_o distance_n separate_v and_o either_o may_v they_o be_v frame_v as_o one_o body_n with_o rank_n continue_v or_o else_o every_o of_o these_o part_n may_v consist_v of_o diverse_a battalion_n or_o square_n of_o arm_a man_n very_o commodious_a for_o the_o several_a use_n of_o they_o and_o also_o for_o the_o retreat_n of_o shot_n within_o the_o distance_n the_o breadth_n and_o depth_n may_v be_v great_a or_o lesser_a according_a to_o our_o
number_n and_o the_o ground_n where_o they_o stand_v as_o the_o front_n be_v divide_v so_o likewise_o be_v the_o supply_n and_o last_o hope_n in_o like_a sort_n the_o supply_n will_v be_v near_o so_o many_o as_o the_o front_n but_o it_o be_v sufficient_a if_o the_o last_o hope_n be_v half_a so_o many_o the_o distance_n of_o the_o supply_n will_v be_v great_a then_o of_o the_o battalion_n in_o front_n which_o charge_v the_o enemy_n be_v to_o join_v close_o together_o and_o be_v weary_v may_v retire_v within_o the_o distance_n of_o the_o supply_n which_o two_o part_n join_v together_o do_v then_o make_v one_o front_n if_o both_o be_v foil_v then_o be_v they_o to_o be_v receive_v within_o the_o distance_n of_o the_o last_o hope_n which_o be_v large_a and_o all_o the_o part_n to_o unite_v their_o whole_a force_n together_o if_o any_o doubt_n of_o the_o confusion_n that_o may_v arise_v in_o the_o retire_n of_o the_o first_o and_o second_o battle_n back_o to_o the_o three_o then_o may_v the_o supply_v and_o last_o hope_n be_v draw_v up_o upon_o the_o side_n which_o will_v work_v the_o very_a same_o effect_n in_o the_o midst_n of_o every_o battalion_n or_o square_n somewhat_o towards_o the_o first_o rank_n will_v the_o ensign_n be_v place_v with_o their_o garder_n well_o arm_v and_o furnish_v with_o short_a weapon_n every_o battalion_n will_v have_v his_o several_a leader_n which_o will_v be_v the_o first_o man_n of_o the_o right_a hand_n in_o the_o first_o rank_n of_o the_o square_n for_o that_o the_o inferior_a leader_n in_o a_o main_a battle_n shall_v stand_v out_o of_o rank_n be_v contrary_a to_o practice_v of_o war_n if_o in_o every_o battalion_n there_o be_v some_o part_n targetter_n contrary_a to_o the_o modern_a use_n there_o may_v be_v good_a use_n make_v of_o they_o when_o the_o army_n come_v to_o join_v both_o against_o shot_n and_o pike_n 38._o pike_n ante_fw-la signa_fw-la modico_fw-la interuallo_fw-la velite_n eunt_fw-la liu._n 38._o before_o the_o front_n of_o the_o battle_n be_v certain_a troop_n of_o shot_n to_o take_v their_o stand_n which_o may_v not_o only_o defend_v the_o head_n of_o our_o army_n but_o also_o annoy_v whosoever_o offer_v himself_o to_o the_o charge_n if_o they_o be_v press_v with_o horseman_n or_o targetter_n their_o retreit_n be_v within_o the_o distance_n of_o the_o battalion_n if_o the_o ground_n afford_v they_o no_o other_o defence_n from_o thence_o they_o be_v to_o be_v draw_v eftsoon_o again_o and_o employ_v where_o their_o leader_n shall_v perceive_v they_o may_v do_v most_o service_n a_o rank_n of_o mosquetier_n under_o the_o first_o rank_n of_o pike_n may_v do_v good_a service_n if_o they_o be_v draw_v into_o the_o distance_n when_o the_o enemy_n come_v to_o the_o charge_n the_o horseman_n if_o they_o be_v not_o strong_a enough_o to_o encounter_v the_o enemy_n horse_n will_v be_v second_v with_o certain_a troop_n of_o shot_n and_o half_a pike_n but_o diligent_o be_v they_o to_o take_v heed_n that_o they_o go_v not_o direct_o before_o the_o front_n of_o their_o own_o footman_n lest_o retire_v thence_o they_o fall_v upon_o their_o own_o pike_n the_o great_a ordnance_n if_o there_o be_v any_o hill_n in_o the_o place_n either_o on_o the_o right_a hand_n or_o left_a hand_n of_o the_o army_n be_v there_o best_a place_v both_o for_o see_v of_o the_o enemy_n and_o for_o fear_n of_o disorder_v our_o man_n either_o go_v to_o the_o charge_n or_o retire_v back_o if_o the_o ground_n be_v even_o it_o be_v place_v in_o the_o head_n of_o our_o army_n a_o little_a before_o our_o troop_n of_o shot_n which_o after_o the_o same_o be_v discharge_v avance_v themselves_o while_o that_o be_v draw_v within_o the_o distance_n either_o of_o the_o battalion_n or_o of_o the_o midbattell_v and_o corner_n for_o defence_n of_o the_o artillery_n there_o be_v good_a guard_n to_o be_v appoint_v wheresoever_o it_o stand_v if_o this_o order_n can_v be_v observe_v yet_o this_o rule_n be_v general_o to_o be_v respect_v that_o every_o weapon_n and_o soldier_n be_v there_o to_o be_v place_v where_o he_o may_v most_o annoy_v the_o enemy_n and_o best_a defend_v himself_o the_o part_n be_v so_o to_o be_v place_v that_o one_o may_v succour_v another_o and_o one_o retire_v to_o another_o horseman_n may_v not_o come_v within_o the_o ground_n of_o the_o footman_n nor_o shoot_v within_o the_o rank_n of_o pike_n but_o both_o either_o on_o the_o side_n or_o behind_o the_o battalion_n he_o be_v most_o judicious_a that_o can_v bring_v most_o man_n to_o fight_v and_o stop_v the_o way_n to_o the_o enemy_n that_o he_o can_v not_o extend_v his_o man_n to_o hurt_v he_o there_o be_v no_o company_n to_o be_v send_v forth_o to_o join_v with_o the_o enemy_n but_o with_o some_o to_o relieve_v they_o again_o and_o again_o and_o to_o receive_v they_o retire_v and_o stop_v the_o enemy_n pursuit_n horseman_n may_v not_o charge_v pike_n nor_o come_v in_o ground_n where_o they_o can_v fetch_v their_o career_n other_o rule_n in_o their_o special_a place_n shall_v be_v prescribe_v shoot_v in_o march_v and_o stand_v observe_v order_n the_o distance_n before_o i_o have_v show_v in_o fight_v they_o observe_v no_o order_n but_o every_o man_n mark_v his_o enemy_n right_a before_o he_o and_o shoot_v at_o he_o take_v his_o best_a advantage_n yet_o if_o they_o observe_v not_o a_o certain_a course_n where_o the_o shot_n be_v many_o they_o soon_o fall_v in_o disorder_n archer_n for_o that_o they_o shoot_v and_o fight_v stand_v in_o rank_n observe_v better_a array_n their_o distance_n from_o shoulder_n to_o shoulder_n be_v one_o foot_n from_o rank_n to_o rank_n four_o foot_n some_o now_o a_o day_n do_v little_a esteem_v this_o weapon_n yet_o if_o our_o archer_n be_v arm_v with_o plate_a jack_n as_o in_o time_n past_a neither_o shot_n can_v abide_v they_o in_o even_a ground_n nor_o pike_n without_o shot_n against_o horseman_n where_o they_o may_v find_v defence_n of_o hedge_n or_o ditch_n or_o stake_n or_o rough_a ground_n they_o do_v very_o good_a service_n pikeman_n against_o a_o charge_n of_o horseman_n ought_v to_o stand_v close_o with_o the_o blunt_a end_n of_o the_o pike_n in_o the_o ground_n the_o point_n bend_v upon_o the_o horse_n breast_n rank_n from_o rank_n stand_v not_o more_o than_o three_o foot_n asunder_o that_o many_o end_n of_o pike_n may_v guard_v the_o first_o rank_n that_o the_o pike_n may_v be_v commodious_o bend_v and_o cross_v the_o first_o rank_n be_v to_o bow_v their_o body_n that_o they_o may_v the_o better_o break_v the_o charge_n of_o the_o enemy_n horse_n before_o they_o they_o be_v to_o have_v a_o rank_n of_o mosquetier_n as_o have_v be_v say_v already_o where_o the_o pikeman_n go_v to_o charge_v other_o pike_n between_o shoulder_n and_o shoulder_n there_o will_v be_v a_o foot_n distance_n betwixt_o rank_n and_o rank_n so_o much_o as_o charge_v with_o the_o pike_n above_o hand_n and_o break_v the_o same_o they_o may_v use_v their_o sword_n and_o dagger_n and_o either_o in_o strike_v avance_n forward_o their_o right_a leg_n or_o else_o receive_v the_o enemy_n blow_n draw_v back_o the_o same_o six_o foot_n i_o think_v for_o that_o purpose_n to_o be_v sufficient_a the_o halberdiere_n bilmen_fw-mi and_o targetter_n will_v have_v likewise_o betwixt_o shoulder_n and_o shoulder_v one_o foot_n betwixt_o rank_n and_o rank_n five_o foot_n in_o pike_n and_o short_a weapon_n this_o be_v general_o to_o be_v observe_v that_o they_o stand_v as_o close_v together_o as_o may_v be_v so_o they_o may_v have_v room_n to_o manage_v themselves_o and_o their_o weapon_n the_o less_o room_n may_v serve_v consider_v that_o i_o will_v have_v all_o soldier_n to_o strike_v with_o the_o point_n of_o their_o weapon_n and_o every_o man_n to_o succour_v his_o fellow_n before_o he_o and_o on_o the_o side_n the_o horseman_n go_v to_o the_o shock_n with_o equal_a front_n so_o near_o as_o they_o can_v and_o run_v so_o close_a side_n by_o side_n as_o they_o may_v without_o hurt_v each_o to_o other_o if_o horse_n be_v distant_a from_o horse_n two_o foot_n and_o rank_n from_o rank_n seven_o foot_n when_o horseman_n go_v trot_v to_o the_o charge_n the_o proportion_n be_v good_a the_o array_n of_o the_o frenchman_n that_o charge_n with_o single_a rank_n be_v of_o no_o strength_n neither_o the_o order_n of_o the_o reiters_fw-mi that_o go_v to_o the_o charge_n in_o a_o ring_n for_o so_o soon_o as_o they_o be_v invest_v with_o lance_n they_o be_v break_v and_o therefore_o i_o think_v the_o former_a array_n better_o as_o use_v both_o by_o antiquity_n and_o the_o italian_a and_o english_a cavalero_n which_o give_v ground_n at_o this_o day_n to_o no_o other_o the_o ancient_a leader_n of_o time_n past_a which_o for_o their_o skill_n in_o arm_n be_v famous_a to_o
argoletier_n be_v to_o take_v heed_n that_o they_o come_v not_o near_o the_o lance_n of_o the_o enemy_n lest_o they_o make_v hole_n in_o their_o horse_n side_n if_o no_o worse_o where_o the_o enemy_n be_v in_o disorder_n there_o all_o sort_n of_o horseman_n may_v do_v service_n at_o cerisole_n after_o that_o the_o shot_n have_v make_v way_n in_o the_o enemy_n battle_n the_o french_a enter_v with_o their_o horse_n among_o they_o and_o overthrow_v they_o pike_n be_v the_o only_a defence_n of_o footman_n against_o horseman_n if_o they_o be_v take_v in_o plain_a ground_n yet_o do_v i_o not_o think_v it_o good_a that_o there_o shall_v be_v such_o number_n of_o pike_n in_o our_o army_n as_o be_v use_v for_o that_o use_v except_v which_o i_o speak_v of_o i_o see_v no_o other_o great_a profit_n they_o have_v for_o execution_n be_v seldom_o do_v by_o pike_n sometime_o i_o grant_v pike_n do_v charge_v other_o pike_n but_o it_o be_v not_o the_o piquier_n that_o make_v the_o slaughter_n in_o wood_n and_o shrubby_a or_o brushie_a ground_n these_o kind_n of_o long_a weapon_n be_v unprofitable_a and_o unweldie_a the_o german_n by_o the_o disadvantage_n of_o their_o long_a pike_n do_v be_v take_v in_o such_o ground_n be_v overthrow_v by_o germanicus_n and_o the_o roman_a targeteer_n in_o strait_n likewise_o when_o soldier_n come_v to_o lay_v hand_n and_o have_v prize_v each_o on_o other_o long_a pike_n can_v 2._o a_o longae_fw-la haste_n 〈◊〉_d in_o syluis_fw-la &_o inter_fw-la virgulta_fw-la non_fw-la tam_fw-la aptae_fw-la quam_fw-la pila_fw-la &_o haerentia_fw-la corpori_fw-la tegmina_fw-la &_o gladij_fw-la tacit._n 2._o not_o be_v 2._o be_v nec_fw-la minor_fw-la germanis_fw-la animus_n sed_fw-la genere_fw-la pugnae_fw-la &_o armorum_fw-la superabantur_fw-la cum_fw-la ingens_fw-la multitudo_fw-la arctis_fw-la locis_fw-la praelongas_fw-la hastas_fw-la non_fw-la protenderet_fw-la non_fw-la colligeret_fw-la tacit._n annal_a 2._o manage_v as_o the_o experience_n of_o the_o roman_n fight_v against_o the_o german_n and_o macedonian_n arm_v with_o long_a weapon_n teach_v us._n further_o the_o assailant_n in_o assault_n of_o town_n and_o fort_n have_v small_a use_n of_o they_o for_o there_o be_v no_o use_n of_o horseman_n there_o great_o against_o which_o pike_n be_v good_a neither_o do_v the_o defendant_n great_o use_v they_o save_v in_o the_o breach_n pikeman_n be_v too_o heavy_a arm_v to_o pursue_v other_o and_o without_o shot_n they_o can_v well_o guard_v themselves_o either_o against_o shot_n or_o target_n at_o muscleborough_n field_n a_o few_o shoot_v open_v the_o scottish_a squadron_n of_o pike_n for_o those_o that_o follow_v after_o invest_v they_o and_o likewise_o do_v the_o french_a arquebuzier_n at_o cerisole_n deal_v with_o the_o lancequenet_n among_o who_o battle_n make_v lane_n they_o give_v entrance_n to_o the_o horseman_n that_o present_o charge_v they_o and_o so_o little_a defence_n there_o be_v in_o that_o weapon_n that_o not_o only_o the_o biscaine_n buckeler_n enter_v within_o they_o at_o the_o battle_n of_o france_n of_o in_o the_o day_n of_o lewis_n the_o 12._o of_o france_n ravenna_n where_o they_o make_v a_o foul_a tailliada_n and_o slaughter_n but_o also_o the_o count_n of_o carmignola_n dismount_v himself_o and_o his_o company_n enter_v among_o the_o squadron_n of_o the_o swisser_n pike_n and_o cut_v they_o in_o piece_n in_o a_o other_o encounter_n in_o lombardie_n the_o roman_n deal_v with_o the_o macedonicae_fw-la the_o sarissae_n macedonicae_fw-la macedonian_a pike_n both_o in_o the_o war_n with_o philip_n and_o perseus_n king_n of_o macedonia_n and_o of_o antiochus_n king_n of_o a_o great_a part_n of_o asia_n never_o fear_v to_o enter_v upon_o they_o with_o their_o target_n nor_o make_v reckon_v of_o that_o weapon_n and_o not_o without_o cause_n for_o who_o see_v not_o the_o strength_n and_o effect_n of_o the_o pike_n be_v in_o the_o point_n that_o as_o soon_o as_o targeteer_n or_o other_o arm_a man_n enter_v among_o pike_n the_o piquier_n throw_v down_o their_o pike_n and_o take_v they_o to_o their_o other_o weapon_n the_o portugal_n do_v perceive_v by_o the_o experience_n of_o that_o fight_n with_o the_o moor_n where_o sebastian_n their_o king_n be_v slay_v that_o few_o pike_n will_v have_v serve_v and_o other_o weapon_n do_v better_a effect_n the_o swisser_n that_o be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n piquier_n will_v not_o march_v any_o whither_o without_o their_o company_n of_o shot_n attend_v on_o they_o for_o their_o guard_n at_o moncontour_n the_o almain_n piquier_v abandon_v of_o their_o shot_n be_v miserable_o shoot_v to_o death_n most_o of_o they_o for_o this_o cause_n i_o will_v have_v only_o so_o many_o pike_n as_o will_v serve_v for_o the_o defence_n of_o the_o army_n against_o the_o enemy_n horse_n the_o frenchman_n have_v but_o ten_o pike_n to_o every_o company_n of_o shot_n which_o be_v too_o little_a yea_o and_o sometime_o they_o have_v no_o pike_n at_o all_o but_o he_o be_v abuse_v that_o make_v the_o french_a precedente_n and_o example_n to_o follow_v in_o any_o practice_n of_o war_n the_o first_o rank_n of_o pike_n will_v be_v arm_v with_o corsalet_n of_o caliver_n proof_n on_o the_o breast_n from_o the_o twelve_o rank_n backward_o and_o inward_a it_o be_v sufficient_a if_o they_o have_v any_o arm_n or_o jack_n of_o male_a brassat_n and_o other_o piece_n of_o arm_n except_o the_o head-piece_n gorgeron_o and_o corsalet_n i_o think_v to_o be_v more_o than_o they_o can_v either_o well_o march_v with_o or_o fight_v with_o the_o frenchman_n in_o time_n past_o have_v some_o call_v 3_o call_v cruppellarii_n continuo_fw-la ferri_fw-la teg_fw-la my_o inferendis_fw-la ictibus_fw-la inhabiles_fw-la dolabtis_fw-la &_o securibus_fw-la à _fw-la romaniâ—_n caeduntur_fw-la tac._n 3_o cruppellarii_n by_o tacitus_n that_o be_v arm_v as_o they_o say_v the_o cap_n en_fw-fr pied_fw-fr at_o which_o the_o roman_a soldier_n laugh_v for_o that_o they_o be_v unable_a by_o reason_n of_o the_o weight_n of_o their_o arm_n either_o to_o strike_v the_o enemy_n or_o to_o defend_v themselves_o therefore_o do_v they_o hew_v they_o down_o with_o bill_n and_o pollax_n the_o pike_n i_o will_v have_v if_o it_o may_v be_v of_o spanish_a ash_n and_o betwixt_o twenty_o and_o two_o and_o twenty_o foot_n long_o and_o by_o his_o side_n every_o piquier_n will_v have_v sword_n and_o dagger_n and_o a_o dag_n at_o his_o girdle_n especial_o in_o the_o utmost_a rank_n the_o number_n of_o targeteer_n i_o will_v have_v increase_v not_o only_o of_o such_o as_o have_v target_n of_o proof_n which_o be_v use_v of_o those_o that_o stand_v in_o the_o first_o rank_n but_o also_o of_o those_o that_o have_v light_a target_n these_o will_v be_v make_v of_o wood_n either_o hoop_v or_o bar_v with_o iron_n it_o will_v be_v three_o foot_n and_o a_o half_a in_o length_n for_o that_o be_v the_o measure_n of_o the_o roman_a shield_n &_o two_o foot_n &_o a_o half_a in_o breadth_n in_o form_n oval_a a_o kind_n of_o arm_n now_o disuse_v but_o most_o excellent_a in_o all_o service_n save_v against_o horseman_n in_o the_o plain_a field_n against_o archer_n target_n be_v a_o sure_a defence_n and_o dangerous_a to_o the_o enemy_n after_o that_o man_n come_v to_o close_v 27._o close_v liu._n 27._o scipio_n with_o his_o targetter_n cut_v the_o carthaginian_a archer_n and_o slingar_n in_o piece_n 28._o piece_n romani_fw-la tela_fw-la densatis_fw-la excipiunt_fw-la scutis_fw-la liu._n 28._o target_n be_v a_o good_a defence_n against_o stone_n in_o a_o assault_n and_o whatsoever_o be_v throw_v from_o hand_n the_o same_o be_v very_o effectual_a against_o shot_n a_o small_a number_n of_o targetter_n if_o once_o they_o come_v to_o reach_v shoot_v with_o their_o sword_n put_v great_a number_n of_o they_o out_o of_o the_o field_n put_v case_n that_o some_o come_v short_a yet_o sure_a not_o many_o consider_v that_o only_o the_o first_o rank_n of_o shot_n can_v discharge_v and_o that_o all_o do_v not_o hit_v and_o few_o mortal_o especial_o if_o the_o first_o target_n be_v of_o proof_n and_o the_o man_n march_v resolute_o to_o the_o charge_n neither_o can_v shoot_v retire_v where_o many_o of_o they_o be_v in_o the_o field_n nor_o save_v themselves_o in_o any_o place_n but_o targetter_n will_v come_v to_o they_o targetter_n also_o be_v mortal_a to_o the_o pikeman_n as_o not_o only_o the_o roman_n deal_v with_o the_o macodonian_a and_o german_a pike_n but_o also_o the_o biskaine_n with_o their_o buckler_n in_o the_o battle_n of_o ravenna_n and_o cirignola_n declare_v targeteer_n in_o execution_n be_v singular_a and_o ready_a and_o light_n if_o their_o target_n be_v light_a in_o follow_v the_o chase_n they_o may_v be_v use_v in_o all_o service_n and_o all_o ground_n in_o assault_n of_o town_n and_o in_o sally_n in_o fight_v in_o open_a field_n and_o in_o streite_n in_o wood_n and_o in_o hill_n in_o retraite_n and_o in_o chace_n there_o be_v
use_v of_o they_o pike_n and_o horseman_n of_o which_o the_o french_a make_v such_o reckon_n be_v but_o for_o plain_a ground_n and_o for_o some_o few_o use_n shot_n can_v do_v nothing_o in_o the_o crowd_n for_o that_o they_o want_v defensive_a arm_n only_a targeteer_n arm_v have_v this_o privilege_n that_o in_o all_o place_n and_o at_o all_o time_n they_o may_v be_v employ_v of_o judicious_a leader_n the_o roman_n with_o their_o great_a target_n and_o sword_n and_o javelin_n which_o they_o call_v pila_fw-la subdue_v the_o world_n other_o arm_n as_o corsalet_n and_o jacket_n plate_v and_o morion_n be_v common_a to_o other_o these_o be_v proper_a to_o the_o roman_n and_o those_o that_o follow_v their_o use_n of_o war_n 2._o war_n germani_n genere_fw-la pugnae_fw-la &_o armorum_fw-la superabantur_fw-la tac._n 2._o the_o advantage_n of_o their_o arm_n experience_n proove_v to_o have_v be_v great_a the_o german_n excel_v they_o in_o strength_n of_o body_n and_o stature_n the_o agric._n the_o britanni_n ingentibus_fw-la gladiis_fw-la &_o brevibus_fw-la cetris_fw-la à _fw-la scutatis_fw-la agricolae_fw-la caeduntur_fw-la tacit._n in_o vit_fw-mi agric._n briton_n gaul_n and_o spaniard_n be_v superior_a to_o they_o in_o number_n and_o equal_a in_o courage_n but_o in_o their_o furniture_n and_o arm_n and_o manner_n of_o fight_n they_o be_v inferior_a all_o roman_a soldier_n both_o on_o horse_n and_o foot_n for_o the_o most_o part_n use_v a_o kind_n of_o target_n but_o the_o light_n arm_v want_v maled_n jacket_n and_o have_v light_a target_n as_o not_o only_o appear_v by_o their_o image_n in_o marble_n yet_o to_o be_v see_v at_o rome_n but_o also_o in_o their_o 31._o their_o hic_fw-la mile_n tripedalem_fw-la parman_n habet_fw-la &_o in_o dextra_fw-la hastas_fw-la quibus_fw-la eminus_fw-la utitur_fw-la hispaniensi_fw-la gladio_fw-la est_fw-la cinctus_fw-la quod_fw-la si_fw-la pede_fw-la collato_fw-la pugnandum_fw-la est_fw-la translatis_fw-la in_o laevam_fw-la hastis_fw-la gladium_fw-la stringit_fw-la liu._n 38._o &_o 31._o history_n so_o will_v i_o have_v our_o targetter_n some_o arm_v with_o light_a corsalet_n and_o morion_n &_o heavy_a target_n other_o only_a with_o light_a target_n &_o plate_a doublet_n sufficient_a to_o bear_v the_o thrust_v of_o a_o sword_n and_o if_o thereto_o some_o have_v short_a half_a pike_n also_o the_o same_o will_v be_v effectual_a to_o throw_v at_o footman_n and_o good_a to_o stand_v against_o horseman_n halberd_n and_o black_a bill_n pertisan_n boarspear_n and_o pollax_n and_o all_o such_o like_a weapon_n to_o be_v use_v in_o hand_n have_v one_o and_o the_o same_o use_n with_o sword_n and_o target_n but_o neither_o be_v the_o man_n that_o use_v they_o so_o well_o defend_v against_o shot_n and_o pike_n nor_o be_v that_o sort_n of_o weapon_n so_o effectual_a if_o the_o enemy_n give_v ground_n they_o be_v proper_a for_o execution_n and_o may_v be_v employ_v in_o open_a field_n in_o strait_n in_o wood_n in_o assault_n sally_n and_o many_o service_n their_o arm_n be_v either_o corsalet_n and_o gorgeron_n or_o plate_a doublet_n or_o jack_n with_o skirt_n for_o defence_n of_o the_o thigh_n and_o morrion_n on_o their_o head_n the_o roman_n use_v few_o of_o these_o weapon_n the_o dutch_a place_n diverse_a rank_n of_o they_o among_o their_o pike_n and_o common_o they_o be_v plant_v by_o the_o ensign_n the_o shot_n be_v divide_v into_o mosquetter_n caliver_n and_o archer_n the_o use_n of_o shot_n be_v diverse_a in_o open_a field_n therewith_o we_o defend_v our_o pike_n and_o with_o the_o same_o offend_v the_o enemy_n pike_n where_o the_o same_o have_v a_o defence_n against_o the_o force_n of_o horseman_n it_o be_v very_o profitable_o employ_v against_o they_o in_o the_o defence_n of_o a_o town_n fort_n or_o passage_n it_o be_v excellent_a likewise_o for_o the_o assailant_n therewith_o to_o clear_v the_o wall_n while_o their_o arm_a man_n mount_v by_o breach_n or_o by_o scale_n but_o the_o same_o must_v take_v heed_n of_o the_o force_n of_o the_o horse_n and_o charge_n of_o arm_a man_n which_o without_o defence_n of_o pike_n or_o other_o natural_a wall_n or_o bank_n the_o same_o can_v sustain_v the_o force_n of_o shot_n be_v great_a in_o skirmish_n then_o in_o set_a battle_n for_o shoot_v if_o they_o be_v drive_v to_o stand_v thick_o have_v no_o use_n as_o the_o unprofitable_a number_n of_o shot_n at_o the_o battle_n of_o moncontour_n and_o dreux_n and_o other_o encounter_n in_o the_o late_a war_n of_o france_n declare_v sufficient_o as_o oft_o as_o the_o enemy_n shoot_v make_v countenance_n to_o charge_v our_o arm_a man_n so_o oft_o must_v our_o shot_n encounter_v they_o and_o drive_v away_o the_o enemy_n shoot_v be_v mortal_a if_o they_o strike_v right_a &_o thick_a among_o the_o enemy_n pike_n for_o pike_n against_o shot_n &_o arrow_n be_v heavy_a arm_v have_v no_o defence_n as_o the_o disaster_n of_o the_o 4._o the_o thucid._n 4._o lacedaemonian_n at_o pylos_n of_o the_o roman_n at_o 24._o at_o liu._n 24._o trebia_n of_o the_o 3_o the_o thucid._n 3_o athenian_n compass_v by_o the_o light_a arm_a aetolian_n of_o titurius_n sabinus_n and_o his_o 5._o his_o caes_n bell_n gall_n 5._o company_n at_o vatuca_n of_o the_o almains_n at_o fr._n at_o histoir_fw-fr the_o troubl_n de_fw-fr fr._n moncontour_n where_o heavy_a arm_a man_n destitute_a of_o shot_n and_o light_n arm_v be_v compass_v about_o and_o slay_v by_o shot_n archer_n and_o slingar_n do_v declare_v in_o rainy_a weather_n they_o can_v do_v almost_o any_o service_n yet_o some_o say_v that_o at_o rocheabeille_fw-fr firelock_n do_v i_o know_v not_o what_o service_n in_o the_o rain_n but_o neither_o in_o rain_n nor_o out_o of_o rain_n be_v shoot_v assure_v against_o horse_n or_o target_n or_o arm_a man_n but_o where_o they_o have_v a_o defence_n and_o retreat_n so_o that_o i_o marvel_v what_o the_o french_a mean_v to_o bring_v into_o the_o field_n so_o many_o shot_n and_o so_o few_o arm_a man_n at_o the_o encounter_n of_o rocheabeille_n the_o protestant_n have_v 14000._o shot_n and_o 7._o and_o de_fw-fr long_a bois_fw-fr peu_fw-fr ou_fw-fr point_fw-fr hist_o the_o troubl_n de_fw-fr fr._n l._n 7._o scarce_o any_o pike_n but_o percase_o they_o can_v not_o otherwise_o do_v archer_n in_o assault_n and_o defence_n of_o town_n can_v do_v like_o service_n to_o mosquetier_n and_o caliver_v for_o neither_o can_v they_o hit_v so_o right_a nor_o so_o mortal_o in_o pight_v field_n i_o think_v they_o nothing_o inferior_a to_o they_o for_o be_v arm_v with_o jack_n as_o they_o shall_v be_v when_o they_o come_v to_o gripe_n they_o drive_v the_o shot_n to_o his_o foot_n and_o shoot_v many_o rank_n one_o over_o a_o other_o head_n twelve_o arrow_n shall_v fall_v before_o one_o boullet_n for_o only_o the_o first_o rank_n of_o shot_n discharge_v unless_o they_o mean_v to_o pierce_v their_o fellow_n now_o than_o that_o the_o shot_n be_v disarm_v and_o archer_n arm_v who_o see_v not_o that_o two_o thousand_o archer_n in_o open_a field_n may_v prevail_v against_o three_o thousand_o shot_n especial_o see_v as_o archer_n may_v keep_v rank_n and_o not_o shoot_v and_o archer_n may_v fight_v stand_v thick_a but_o shot_n can_v file_v their_o rank_n if_o they_o stand_v thick_a archer_n therefore_o in_o open_a field_n may_v be_v employ_v against_o shot_n and_o likewise_o against_o horseman_n and_o pike_n but_o if_o against_o horseman_n they_o must_v have_v a_o defence_n of_o stake_n or_o trench_n or_o pike_n and_o likewise_o deal_v against_o arm_a man_n they_o have_v need_v to_o have_v a_o front_n of_o arm_a man_n the_o archer_n at_o agincourt_n field_n and_o at_o many_o other_o battle_n have_v make_v the_o name_n of_o this_o nation_n famous_a for_o the_o service_n they_o do_v against_o the_o enemy_n but_o then_o they_o have_v a_o defence_n of_o stake_n and_o trench_n 2._o trench_n xenoph._n cyr._n pae_v 2._o cyrus_n in_o his_o array_n place_v behind_o every_o dozen_o rank_n of_o arm_a man_n certain_a archer_n by_o which_o devise_n when_o his_o enemy_n come_v to_o join_v battle_n with_o he_o he_o prevail_v against_o they_o not_o be_v able_a to_o abide_v the_o arrow_n that_o come_n over_o the_o foremost_a rank_n light_a in_o their_o face_n and_o other_o bare_a place_n and_o therefore_o whatsoever_o some_o say_v of_o the_o use_n of_o bow_n and_o arrow_n which_o they_o have_v not_o see_v try_v i_o will_v that_o among_o other_o our_o generalle_n that_o go_v in_o service_n into_o other_o country_n will_v also_o employ_v some_o archer_n great_a artillery_n against_o troop_n stand_v thick_a and_o in_o even_a ground_n work_v great_a effect_n but_o in_o other_o place_n and_o against_o man_n range_v otherwise_o the_o sound_n be_v great_a than_o the_o hurt_n at_o moncontour_n the_o king_n ordnance_n beat_v among_o the_o horseman_n range_v hedge-wise_a do_v not_o in_o twenty_o shot_n hit_v once_o neither_o
do_v it_o any_o hurt_n to_o the_o footman_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o unevenesse_n of_o the_o ground_n for_o either_o it_o fall_v low_a or_o high_a if_o the_o same_o be_v place_v in_o the_o front_n of_o our_o army_n yet_o can_v not_o the_o same_o be_v employ_v past_o one_o or_o two_o voly_n for_o at_o the_o join_n of_o the_o battle_n it_o cease_v and_o if_o our_o man_n march_v forward_o it_o break_v their_o array_v if_o the_o same_o be_v place_v upon_o some_o hill_n yet_o lie_v out_o of_o level_a and_o shoot_v downward_o it_o do_v no_o great_a hurt_n but_o let_v it_o do_v the_o utmost_a that_o it_o may_v be_v employ_v by_o judicious_a gunner_n yet_o never_o be_v victory_n obtain_v by_o great_a ordnance_n in_o open_a field_n nor_o the_o force_n of_o the_o enemy_n come_v resolute_o to_o the_o charge_n thereby_o stop_v 10._o stop_v guicciard_n lib._n 10._o gaston_n de_fw-fr fois_fw-fr sally_v out_o of_o the_o castle_n take_v the_o town_n of_o brescia_n notwithstanding_o the_o number_n of_o great_a piece_n that_o in_o every_o street_n be_v brack_v against_o he_o and_o little_o do_v the_o spaniard_n that_o sack_v antwerp_n anno_fw-la 1576._o sally_v out_o of_o the_o citadel_n esteem_v the_o piece_n that_o bark_v against_o they_o at_o their_o first_o sally_n the_o frenchman_n although_o they_o have_v two_o and_o twenty_o piece_n of_o ordnance_n in_o their_o camp_n at_o novara_n wherewith_o they_o think_v themselves_o safe_o guard_v all_o the_o way_n and_o access_n be_v by_o they_o flank_v and_o beat_v yet_o 11._o yet_o guicciar_n lib._n 11._o be_v they_o break_v and_o put_v out_o of_o their_o lodging_n by_o the_o suitzer_n which_o come_v against_o they_o without_o either_o ordnance_n of_o shot_n if_o then_o in_o street_n and_o way_n where_o artillery_n have_v great_a force_n the_o same_o notwithstanding_o can_v repel_v the_o force_n of_o a_o resolute_a enemy_n much_o less_o use_n have_v it_o in_o open_a field_n the_o admiral_n after_o the_o unhappy_a encounter_n at_o moncontour_n with_o the_o relic_n of_o his_o army_n fr._n army_n hist_o the_o troubl_n de_fw-fr fr._n traverse_v the_o great_a part_n of_o france_n without_o any_o one_o piece_n of_o great_a ordnance_n neither_o do_v his_o company_n be_v diverse_a time_n encounter_v by_o the_o way_n therefore_o less_o service_n very_o troublesome_a it_o be_v in_o carriage_n and_o no_o less_o chargeable_a guicciardin_n report_v that_o the_o breach_n of_o the_o wheel_n of_o a_o canon_n do_v so_o long_o encumber_v the_o whole_a army_n that_o it_o lose_v a_o good_a opportunity_n by_o that_o delay_n the_o use_n of_o great_a ordnance_n therefore_o be_v first_o in_o garde_v of_o town_n or_o passage_n some_o little_a use_n it_o have_v in_o flank_v the_o side_n of_o our_o camp_n or_o defend_v the_o street_n if_o we_o lodge_v in_o village_n second_o in_o batter_v of_o wall_n or_o open_v of_o passage_n for_o without_o ordnance_n sufficient_a every_o petit_fw-fr castle_n or_o town_n will_v scorn_v we_o or_o brave_a us._n in_o our_o battery_n at_o coronna_n we_o feel_v the_o want_n of_o it_o but_o more_o at_o lisbon_n the_o last_o use_n be_v in_o the_o field_n either_o in_o the_o front_n of_o the_o battle_n or_o upon_o some_o hill_n upon_o the_o side_n where_o if_o we_o can_v see_v the_o enemy_n troop_n &_o hit_v among_o they_o we_o shall_v make_v they_o change_v the_o ground_n the_o great_a artillery_n of_o the_o french_a beat_v among_o the_o italian_a horse_n in_o their_o camp_n at_o ravenna_n make_v they_o come_v to_o fight_v with_o disadvantage_n the_o which_o pain_n the_o french_a themselves_n suffer_v in_o their_o camp_n at_o landresie_n be_v beat_v by_o the_o imperial_o from_o a_o hill_n where_o they_o have_v place_v their_o great_a ordnance_n as_o before_o i_o have_v show_v thus_o you_o may_v see_v how_o as_o all_o weapon_n may_v be_v profitable_o employ_v with_o good_a judgement_n so_o without_o judgement_n they_o serve_v for_o nothing_o but_o to_o make_v a_o show_n now_o forasmuch_o as_o stratagem_n do_v work_v as_o much_o as_o weapon_n and_o make_v weapon_n more_o effectual_a and_o because_o the_o enemy_n make_v least_o resistance_n when_o he_o be_v most_o sudden_o surprise_v let_v we_o speak_v of_o stratagem_n and_o ambush_n which_o tend_v also_o to_o the_o obtain_n of_o victory_n chap._n xiii_o of_o stratagem_n and_o ambush_n stratagem_n i_o call_v those_o devise_n whereby_o the_o general_n do_v either_o hurt_n or_o discourage_v the_o enemy_n or_o help_v and_o encourage_v his_o own_o man_n so_o call_v because_o they_o proceed_v from_o the_o generalle_n head_n and_o policy_n who_o the_o greek_n call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d ambush_n the_o italian_n call_v emboscate_v from_o whence_o both_o french_a and_o we_o borrow_v the_o word_n the_o reason_n whereof_o be_v for_o that_o in_o wood_n for_o the_o most_o part_n such_o trap_n be_v lay_v the_o roman_n do_v better_a term_v they_o insidias_fw-la and_o the_o greek_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d for_o that_o we_o do_v not_o only_o lay_v snare_n for_o our_o enemy_n in_o wood_n but_o also_o in_o hollow_a ground_n and_o also_o beyond_o hill_n and_o in_o valley_n and_o village_n and_o town_n and_o behind_o wall_n and_o wheresoever_o we_o can_v cover_v our_o man_n in_o such_o sort_n that_o we_o be_v not_o espy_v until_o we_o come_v upon_o the_o enemy_n upon_o a_o sudden_a stratagem_n be_v infinite_a and_o can_v not_o be_v comprise_v within_o any_o certain_a rule_n for_o what_o can_v be_v so_o exact_o say_v but_o that_o the_o wit_n of_o man_n be_v able_a to_o devise_v more_o and_o say_v more_o some_o i_o will_v set_v down_o practise_v by_o famous_a captain_n in_o former_a time_n that_o by_o they_o our_o generalle_n of_o themselves_o may_v learn_v how_o to_o invent_v other_o and_o not_o always_o kill_v the_o enemy_n with_o downright_a blow_n one_o special_a and_o yet_o common_a stratagem_n it_o be_v to_o cover_v our_o counsel_n and_o enterprise_n by_o contrary_a pretence_n for_o by_o this_o mean_v the_o enemy_n look_v or_o ward_n one_o way_n be_v often_o take_v and_o strike_v mortal_o in_o a_o other_o place_n and_o by_o other_o mean_n annibal_n take_v his_o bed_n and_o give_v out_o that_o he_o be_v very_o 25._o very_o liu._n 25._o sick_a which_o rumour_n fly_v to_o the_o roman_n make_v they_o secure_a in_o the_o night_n time_n lead_v out_o ten_o thousand_o man_n and_o come_v on_o a_o sudden_a surprise_v tarentum_n to_o the_o intent_n that_o his_o enterprise_n may_v not_o be_v discover_v before_o it_o take_v effect_v he_o use_v diverse_a other_o policy_n first_o he_o send_v out_o diverse_a light_n horseman_n to_o range_v the_o country_n &_o to_o kill_v such_o as_o they_o meet_v lest_o any_o shall_v escape_v and_o give_v notice_n of_o his_o come_n and_o that_o the_o enemy_n see_v they_o may_v suppose_v that_o they_o be_v only_o certain_a outrider_n have_v a_o intention_n to_o surprise_v puteoli_n he_o give_v out_o that_o he_o go_v forth_o with_o his_o army_n to_o sacrifice_v at_o the_o lake_n of_o 24_o of_o ad_fw-la lacum_fw-la aâ—uerni_fw-la per_fw-la specieâ—â—_n sacrificandi_fw-la reâ—â—sa_fw-la ut_fw-la tentaret_fw-la puteolos_fw-la quique_fw-la ibi_fw-la in_o praesid_v o_fw-la erant_fw-la descendit_fw-la liu._n 24_o aruerne_n but_o in_o the_o night_n he_o turn_v towards_o puteoli_n 27._o puteoli_n consul_n in_o lucanos_n ostendir_fw-la iter_fw-la cum_fw-la peteret_fw-la gall._n be_o liu._n 27._o claudius_n nero_n cause_v a_o fame_n to_o flee_v abroad_o that_o he_o go_v to_o the_o country_n of_o the_o lucanian_o when_o in_o deed_n he_o go_v into_o the_o part_n of_o gallia_n togata_fw-la that_o be_v now_o call_v la_o marca_n under_o colour_n of_o treaty_n of_o peace_n many_o practice_n of_o hostility_n be_v wrought_v scipio_n send_v man_n to_o entreat_v with_o syphax_n of_o peace_n cause_v some_o to_o espy_v his_o camp_n 29._o camp_n liu._n 29._o which_o give_v entrance_n to_o that_o enterprise_n which_o afterward_o he_o execute_v in_o the_o night_n upon_o the_o same_o metellus_n jugurth_n metellus_n sallust_n bell_n jugurth_n treat_v of_o peace_n with_o jugurtha_n do_v by_o fair_a promise_n corrupt_v most_o of_o his_o follower_n both_o which_o practise_v the_o spaniard_n of_o late_a time_n have_v use_v against_o us._n when_o they_o intend_v any_o dangerous_a enterprise_n than_o it_o be_v bruit_v that_o either_o the_o king_n of_o spain_n or_o their_o chief_a leader_n be_v dead_a or_o sick_a under_o pretence_n of_o war_n against_o the_o turk_n an._n 1588._o he_o gather_v great_a force_n against_o we_o and_o now_o i_o understand_v that_o news_n be_v come_v of_o great_a preparative_n in_o spain_n against_o the_o turk_n that_o our_o eye_n may_v be_v blear_v and_o not_o see_v his_o preparation_n against_o france_n or_o us._n by_o the_o same_o devise_n he_o surprise_v the_o realm_n of_o portugal_n after_o the_o
be_v to_o send_v colony_n of_o the_o english_a nation_n into_o the_o country_n conquer_v but_o forasmuch_o as_o both_o garrison_n and_o sometime_o great_a force_n be_v require_v for_o defence_n of_o it_o the_o rent_n of_o diverse_a city_n country_n and_o ground_n be_v that_o way_n to_o be_v employ_v and_o to_o this_o end_n the_o fruit_n of_o the_o royalty_n be_v to_o be_v convert_v and_o corn_n and_o provision_n to_o be_v lay_v up_o in_o storehouse_n the_o roman_n take_v that_o course_n do_v in_o all_o place_n where_o they_o command_v find_v mean_n to_o maintain_v their_o army_n without_o any_o great_a exaction_n yea_o oftentimes_o the_o fruit_n of_o the_o country_n be_v so_o great_a that_o beside_o that_o charge_n there_o come_v much_o to_o the_o public_a treasury_n charles_n 1._o charles_n guicciard_n lib._n 1._o the_o eight_o of_o france_n have_v conquer_v the_o kingdom_n of_o naples_n and_o divide_v the_o royalty_n yea_o and_o the_o public_a store_n among_o his_o favourite_n when_o need_v require_v have_v almost_o nothing_o to_o maintain_v his_o army_n and_o therefore_o as_o unworthy_a of_o so_o good_a hap_n present_o lose_v the_o same_o again_o xenophon_n in_o the_o consultation_n of_o 2._o of_o xenoph._n cyr._n pae_v 2._o cyrus_n and_o cyaxaris_n show_v that_o for_o maintenance_n of_o the_o war_n and_o of_o country_n vanquishe_n a_o army_n must_v be_v maintain_v and_o that_o a_o army_n can_v be_v maintain_v unless_o the_o revenue_n that_o maintain_v it_o be_v certain_a and_o continual_a that_o less_o force_n may_v serve_v such_o as_o give_v suspicion_n of_o revolt_n be_v to_o be_v disarm_v so_o herodot_n so_o herodot_n cyrus_n use_v the_o lydian_n the_o roman_n likewise_o will_v not_o suffer_v such_o as_o be_v their_o subject_n to_o 8._o to_o liu._n 8._o arm_v without_o their_o commandment_n futhermore_o those_o that_o be_v like_a to_o prove_v head_n of_o faction_n be_v to_o be_v remoove_v out_o of_o the_o country_n for_o seldom_o do_v the_o common_a people_n move_v unless_o they_o be_v stir_v by_o factious_a head_n the_o roman_n have_v conquer_v the_o country_n of_o macedonia_n and_o convert_v it_o into_o a_o province_n for_o more_o assurance_n of_o peace_n bring_v away_o with_o they_o the_o last_o 45._o last_o regis_fw-la amicos_fw-la purpuratos_fw-la ducésque_fw-la exeâ—cituuâ—â—_n praefectósque_fw-la navium_fw-la liu._n 45._o king_n friend_n and_o favourite_n and_o all_o his_o captain_n both_o of_o his_o army_n and_o navy_n and_o likewise_o man_n of_o appearance_n and_o quality_n if_o so_o be_v time_n or_o sickness_n do_v decay_n our_o force_n the_o same_o be_v to_o be_v supply_v in_o time_n that_o the_o rebellious_a take_v not_o occasion_n by_o our_o weakness_n to_o make_v stir_n for_o want_v of_o this_o consideration_n in_o time_n pass_v we_o lose_v our_o conquest_n in_o france_n and_o all_o that_o want_v it_o can_v choose_v but_o loose_a for_o the_o rest_n if_o the_o governor_n of_o country_n new_o conquer_v be_v careful_a and_o watchful_a &_o trust_v no_o man_n without_o cause_n &_o use_v equality_n in_o taxation_n and_o do_v good_a justice_n against_o raveuour_n bribetaker_n and_o rebel_n they_o need_v not_o fear_v rebellion_n if_o they_o do_v not_o all_o force_n that_o may_v be_v use_v will_v not_o long_o serve_v to_o keep_v they_o in_o subjection_n the_o liu._n the_o liu._n privernatians_n desire_v peace_n of_o the_o roman_n and_o offer_v to_o yield_v themselves_o be_v demand_v how_o long_o they_o will_v keep_v it_o answer_v plain_o that_o if_o the_o condition_n be_v reasonable_a long_o if_o unreasonable_a and_o unjust_a no_o long_o than_o they_o be_v force_v for_o no_o people_n can_v long_o like_a of_o a_o government_n wherein_o they_o be_v spoil_v vex_a injury_v and_o to_o say_v all_o in_o one_o word_n peel_v and_o tyrannize_v chap._n xv._o contain_v a_o discourse_n concern_v the_o mean_n whereby_o a_o army_n that_o be_v foil_v or_o fear_v to_o fight_v may_v most_o safe_o retire_v and_o how_o the_o enemy_n in_o follow_v the_o course_n of_o his_o victory_n may_v be_v stop_v how_o a_o army_n that_o be_v strong_a in_o the_o field_n may_v safe_o march_v fight_v with_o advantage_n and_o use_v the_o victory_n i_o have_v speak_v sufficient_a but_o because_o the_o success_n of_o 〈◊〉_d of_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d war_n be_v doubtful_a and_o mars_n as_o poet_n fain_o favour_v 〈◊〉_d favour_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d now_o one_o than_o a_o another_o to_o perfect_a this_o discourse_n it_o remain_v that_o jalso_n declare_v how_o when_o blast_n of_o wind_n blow_v contrary_a we_o may_v either_o retire_v from_o the_o enemy_n that_o seem_v to_o have_v prize_n and_o fast_o hold_v on_o we_o in_o march_v or_o fight_v or_o else_o stop_v his_o course_n that_o he_o proceed_v no_o further_o or_o else_o ourselves_o gather_v new_a force_n it_o be_v a_o matter_n very_o difficult_a for_o a_o army_n that_o be_v break_v to_o rally_v itself_o and_o depart_v without_o utter_a discomfiture_n where_o the_o enemy_n know_v it_o and_o use_v his_o advantage_n for_o nothing_o can_v be_v more_o hardly_o remedy_v then_o fear_v and_o disorder_n of_o the_o multitude_n if_o once_o it_o enter_v thorough_o or_o the_o enemy_n follow_v speedy_o if_o the_o enemy_n give_v we_o respite_n or_o our_o force_n be_v not_o altogether_o break_v the_o mean_n to_o save_v the_o rest_n and_o succour_v those_o that_o retire_v be_v these_o first_o if_o there_o be_v any_o ground_n of_o advantage_n in_o the_o place_n the_o same_o be_v to_o be_v take_v with_o that_o part_n of_o the_o army_n that_o remain_v entire_a which_o divide_v into_o squabron_n may_v receive_v their_o own_o people_n fly_v within_o the_o distance_n and_o repel_v the_o enemy_n from_o the_o high_a ground_n in_o the_o mean_a while_n those_o that_o be_v in_o disorder_n be_v to_o be_v bring_v into_o order_n again_o behind_o those_o squadron_n the_o 1._o the_o vulneribus_fw-la defesti_fw-la &_o pedem_fw-la refer_v &_o quod_fw-la mons_fw-la suberat_fw-la circiter_fw-la mille_fw-la passuum_fw-la eo_fw-la serecipere_fw-la coeperunt_fw-la caes_n bell_n gal._n 1._o heluetian_o be_v wearry_v and_o foil_v in_o the_o fight_n with_o caesar_n retire_v to_o a_o hill_n have_v by_o and_o there_o make_v head_n save_v the_o rest_n the_o forager_n send_v out_o by_o cicero_n at_o vatuca_n be_v charge_v by_o the_o german_n retire_v and_o defend_v themselves_o well_o as_o long_o as_o they_o keep_v on_o the_o high_a ground_n at_o 7._o at_o caes_n bell_n gal._n 7._o gergovia_n when_o caesar_n man_n press_v by_o the_o enemy_n and_o brve_v from_o the_o high_a ground_n begin_v to_o fly_v he_o succour_v they_o and_o stay_v the_o enemy_n pursuit_n by_o place_v other_o squadrous_a at_o the_o foot_n at_o the_o hill_n with_o who_o they_o have_v no_o courage_n to_o encounter_v neither_o do_v 3._o do_v antonius_n cum_fw-la cohortibus_fw-la 12_o descendens_fw-la exloco_fw-la superiore_fw-la cernebatur_fw-la cvius_fw-la adventus_fw-la pompeianos_fw-la compiessit_fw-la nostróque_fw-la firmavit_fw-la cael_n de_fw-fr bell_n ciu._n 3._o pompey_n man_n that_o chase_v caesar_n soldier_n at_o dyrrhachium_n pursue_v they_o after_o that_o they_o once_o see_v antony_n come_v with_o succour_n from_o the_o high_a ground_n if_o there_o be_v no_o high_a ground_n near_o to_o retreat_n unto_o the_o next_o course_n be_v for_o those_o company_n that_o be_v press_v to_o retire_v within_o the_o distance_n of_o those_o squadron_n that_o stand_v firm_a for_o this_o cause_n the_o roman_n do_v always_o so_o range_v their_o battle_n that_o the_o squadron_n of_o the_o first_o battle_n may_v retire_v within_o the_o squadron_n of_o the_o next_o and_o both_o be_v relieve_v within_o the_o squadron_n of_o their_o last_o in_o the_o encounter_n at_o s._n clere_n anno_fw-la 1569_o where_o the_o king_n auantgard_n flee_v the_o same_o be_v succour_v by_o the_o battle_n that_o follow_v which_o so_o charge_v the_o protestant_n that_o pursue_v it_o and_o drive_v they_o down_o the_o hill_n that_o if_o the_o lansquenet_n that_o stand_v at_o the_o foot_n of_o the_o hill_n have_v not_o stand_v firm_a many_o of_o they_o have_v there_o be_v cut_v in_o piece_n that_o advantage_n which_o the_o high_a ground_n give_v the_o same_o a_o deep_a trench_n or_o thick_a hedge_n or_o a_o strait_n like_o wise_a afford_v so_o that_o if_o our_o squadron_n that_o stand_v firm_a be_v there_o place_v the_o rest_n that_o be_v discourage_v may_v run_v behind_o they_o and_o take_v breath_n the_o roman_n retire_v oft_o time_n within_o the_o fortification_n of_o their_o camp_n have_v there_o again_o make_v head_n against_o the_o enemy_n and_o save_v themselves_o if_o neither_o the_o place_n where_o the_o army_n be_v order_v nor_o the_o range_v of_o our_o battle_n do_v admit_v any_o such_o retreat_n the_o last_o remedy_n be_v to_o avance_v forward_o either_o our_o horseman_n or_o some_o firm_a squadron_n of_o
footman_n especial_o shoot_v and_o targetter_n upon_o the_o flank_n of_o the_o enemy_n that_o chase_v our_o man_n and_o if_o he_o stay_v not_o then_o resolute_o to_o charge_v he_o in_o the_o mean_a time_n those_o that_o fly_v be_v to_o be_v rally_v again_o annibal_n in_o that_o last_o battle_n which_o he_o fight_v with_o the_o roman_n in_o africa_n thrice_o rally_v his_o force_n and_o so_o many_o fresh_a charge_n give_v he_o unto_o they_o if_o his_o soldier_n have_v be_v answerable_a unto_o he_o or_o else_o if_o the_o roman_n have_v not_o follow_v very_o orderly_o he_o may_v percase_o have_v break_v they_o 35._o they_o livi._n 35._o philopoemen_n charge_v the_o enemy_n that_o follow_v the_o chase_n of_o his_o man_n too_o eager_o do_v overthrow_v he_o at_o ravenna_n the_o guicciatâ—_n the_o guicciatâ—_n spaniard_n that_o remain_v after_o the_o battle_n unbroken_a retire_v in_o good_a order_n and_o use_v the_o advantage_n of_o the_o ground_n do_v so_o receive_v the_o enemy_n that_o charge_v they_o that_o they_o slay_v the_o general_n and_o diverse_a of_o his_o company_n those_o therefore_o that_o retire_n jet_n they_o march_v resolute_o and_o orderly_o the_o shot_n let_v they_o approach_v near_o to_o the_o flank_n of_o the_o squadron_n of_o pike_n there_o also_o be_v the_o defence_n of_o targetter_n against_o horse_n the_o pike_n let_v they_o not_o disdain_n the_o help_n of_o shot_n and_o short_a weapon_n the_o horse_n be_v to_o be_v range_v behind_o the_o squadron_n or_o on_o the_o flank_n which_o if_o they_o be_v unite_v in_o one_o body_n be_v not_o easy_o break_v nor_o rash_o to_o be_v charge_v if_o be_v near_o the_o enemy_n thou_o desire_v to_o depart_v without_o fight_n at_o least_o without_o josse_n thy_o best_a course_n be_v to_o make_v he_o uncertain_a of_o thy_o purpose_n by_o pretend_v that_o which_o thou_o mean_v not_o by_o make_v of_o fire_n hauge_v of_o match_n in_o bush_n and_o stand_v of_o tent_n the_o enemy_n be_v oftentimes_o abuse_v especial_o in_o the_o night_n that_o thy_o company_n may_v make_v more_o speed_n thou_o be_v before_o thou_o begin_v to_o dislodge_v to_o send_v thy_o hurt_n and_o sick_a together_o with_o the_o baggage_n and_o great_a ordnance_n before_o thou_o and_o then_o to_o follow_v with_o the_o rest_n 3._o rest_n sauciorum_fw-la &_o aegrorum_fw-la habita_fw-la ratione_fw-la impedimenta_fw-la omne_fw-la silentio_fw-la prima_fw-la nocte_fw-la ex_fw-la castris_fw-la apolloniam_fw-la praemittit_fw-la ac_fw-la conquiescere_fw-la ante_fw-la iter_fw-la confectum_fw-la vetuit_fw-la his_fw-la una_fw-la legio_fw-la praesidio_fw-la missa_fw-la est_fw-la caes_n de_fw-fr bell_n ciu._n 3._o caesar_n depart_v from_o pompey_n at_o dyrrhachium_n that_o he_o may_v not_o be_v charge_v at_o disadvantage_n in_o his_o march_v take_v this_o course_n the_o sick_a hurt_n and_o baggage_n of_o the_o camp_n he_o send_v away_o first_o guard_v with_o one_o regiment_n other_o regiment_n he_o cause_v to_o march_v after_o they_o some_o good_a distance_n with_o two_o legion_n that_o remain_v he_o follow_v last_o and_o have_v march_v so_o much_o as_o he_o mean_v to_o do_v that_o day_n and_o make_v show_n to_o lodge_v there_o when_o the_o enemy_n that_o follow_v be_v not_o aware_a and_o unreaby_n he_o depart_v present_o and_o that_o day_n get_v so_o much_o ground_n that_o after_o ward_n he_o old_a never_o be_v overtake_v before_o he_o come_v whither_o he_o mean_v to_o go_v if_o the_o enemy_n be_v ready_a in_o arm_n to_o follow_v it_o be_v hard_o to_o go_v from_o he_o unless_o the_o nearness_n of_o hill_n or_o strait_n do_v favour_n thy_o retreat_n lest_o thou_o be_v charge_v in_o retire_v with_o the_o enemy_n horse_n or_o shot_n or_o disorder_v in_o some_o strait_n great_a care_n must_v be_v use_n to_o repress_v the_o force_n of_o horseman_n use_v either_o thy_o horseman_n intermingle_v with_o some_o shot_n or_o squadron_n of_o pike_n flank_v with_o musquetier_n against_o shot_n use_v horseman_n in_o the_o plain_a and_o shot_n and_o targetter_n in_o strait_n if_o thou_o fear_v to_o be_v charge_v in_o some_o strait_n take_v the_o upper_a ground_n with_o thy_o shot_n and_o target_n and_o seek_v those_o advantage_n which_o before_o i_o have_v show_v thou_o in_o the_o discourse_n of_o the_o use_n of_o diverse_a weapon_n and_o advantage_n of_o ground_n to_o stop_v the_o enemy_n pursuit_n where_o he_o must_v pass_v a_o straight_a before_o be_v come_v at_o thou_o it_o be_v a_o good_a course_n to_o cut_v down_o tree_n and_o wood_n and_o to_o set_v they_o on_o fire_n for_o horse_n will_v hardly_o pass_v through_o the_o fire_n nor_o can_v light_o pass_v but_o in_o high_a way_n or_o make_v way_n by_o this_o mean_v xenophon_n retire_v safe_a with_o his_o man_n from_o 5._o from_o xenoph._n exp_n cyr._n 5._o dryla_n and_o the_o 〈…〉_o the_o 〈…〉_o bellovacians_n escape_v the_o hand_n of_o caesar_n in_o the_o warrâ—s_n of_o france_n pompey_n be_v to_o take_v ship_n at_o brundisium_n and_o fear_v lest_o if_o he_o abandon_v the_o wall_n caesar_n will_v enter_v the_o town_n and_o charge_v his_o man_n as_o they_o go_v on_o board_n 1._o board_n pottas_n obstruit_fw-la vias_fw-la platealque_fw-fr inaedificat_fw-la sâ—sâ—ar_fw-la transuersas_fw-la vijs_fw-la perducir_n ibique_fw-la sodes_fw-la stipiésque_fw-la praeacutos_fw-la defigir_fw-it haec_fw-la ciatibus_fw-la teriaque_fw-la ina_fw-la quat_n aditus_fw-la ad_fw-la portus_fw-la maximis_fw-la trabibus_fw-la praesepit_fw-la milites_fw-la silentio_fw-la nave_n conscendunt_fw-la expediti_fw-la ex_fw-la evocatiâ—_n &_o sagittarijs_fw-la in_o muro_fw-la collocantur_fw-la quibus_fw-la certo_fw-la loco_fw-la actuarias_fw-la nave_n relinquens_fw-la signo_fw-la dato_fw-la renocat_fw-la caes_n de_fw-fr bell_n ciu._n 1._o stop_v and_o dam_v up_o all_o the_o gate_n and_o way_n save_v one_o and_o in_o the_o street_n make_v blind_a trench_n stake_v they_o and_o cover_v they_o on_o the_o wall_n he_o place_v his_o archery_n and_o light_v arm_v for_o defence_n of_o they_o until_o the_o rest_n be_v all_o ship_v when_o all_o the_o rest_n be_v on_o board_n than_o do_v these_o run_v towards_o the_o port_n where_o there_o be_v boat_n and_o frigate_n ready_a to_o receive_v they_o that_o there_o may_v be_v some_o end_n of_o fly_v either_o thou_o be_v to_o direct_v thy_o course_n to_o the_o hill_n and_o there_o to_o make_v head_n as_o advantage_n be_v offer_v unto_o thou_o or_o else_o to_o take_v some_o strong_a town_n for_o thy_o safeguard_n the_o roman_n keep_v with_o their_o army_n in_o the_o high_a ground_n weary_a annibal_n victorious_a army_n and_o cut_v between_o the_o same_o and_o provision_n so_o long_o as_o the_o 7._o the_o caes_n bell_n gal._n 7._o gaul_n keep_v on_o the_o high_a ground_n and_o strait_v caesar_n victual_n he_o can_v not_o hurt_v they_o d._n brutus_n in_o take_v of_o mutina_n arrest_v antony_n army_n that_o be_v go_v into_o france_n the_o retreat_n of_o vercingetorix_n into_o alexia_n stay_v caesar_n a_o great_a time_n in_o that_o siege_n in_o which_o mean_a time_n the_o gaul_n levy_v new_a force_n the_o siege_n of_o town_n do_v oftentimes_o break_v the_o force_n of_o a_o army_n the_o protestant_n find_v no_o resistance_n in_o open_a field_n be_v harrass_v and_o tire_v out_o in_o the_o siege_n of_o fr._n of_o hist_o the_o troubl_n de_fw-fr fr._n poytiers_n and_o like_o hap_n have_v the_o adverse_a party_n for_o be_v victorious_a at_o moncontour_n they_o lose_v all_o vigour_n and_o strength_n at_o the_o siege_n of_o s._n jean_n d'angeli_fw-la that_o thou_o do_v not_o receive_v dishonour_n by_o retire_v two_o thing_n thou_o be_v especial_o to_o have_v regard_n unto_o first_o that_o thou_o do_v not_o leave_v behind_o thou_o thy_o sick_a and_o hurt_v man_n second_o that_o thou_o do_v not_o loose_v thy_o carriage_n and_o baggage_n nor_o leave_v they_o for_o without_o they_o thou_o can_v neither_o commodious_o carry_v arm_n nor_o victual_n with_o thou_o nor_o maintain_v thy_o company_n to_o do_v whatsoever_o in_o this_o case_n be_v requisite_a nothing_o be_v more_o available_a than_o expedition_n by_o that_o thou_o dispatche_v all_o impediment_n thou_o win_v ground_n thou_o prevent_a the_o enemy_n thou_o sane_v thyself_o and_o thy_o friend_n and_o therefore_o if_o in_o good_a success_n much_o more_o in_o calamity_n ought_v we_o to_o use_v all_o celerity_n afranius_n be_v almost_o past_o all_o danger_n yet_o for_o idleness_n suffer_v the_o enemy_n to_o come_v between_o he_o and_o his_o retreat_n which_o 1._o which_o caes_n de_fw-fr bel._n civil_a lib._n 1._o be_v his_o ruin_n these_o thing_n they_o hinder_v and_o stop_v the_o enemy_n proceed_v for_o sometime_o but_o if_o thou_o mean_v to_o drive_v he_o out_o of_o the_o country_n or_o to_o hinder_v he_o for_o win_v any_o more_o ground_n new_a force_n must_v be_v levy_v and_o a_o army_n send_v into_o the_o field_n if_o not_o to_o fight_v with_o he_o upon_o even_a ground_n yet_o to_o watch_v all_o advantage_n and_o to_o
wherewith_o other_o small_a city_n be_v so_o dismay_v that_o they_o submit_v themselves_o &_o pay_v such_o tribute_n as_o he_o impose_v on_o they_o and_z translate_n the_o war_n into_o italy_n he_o beset_v and_o take_v 21._o take_v taurinum_fw-la caput_fw-la gentis_fw-la expugnat_fw-la liu._n 21._o taurinum_n the_o head_n city_n of_o all_o the_o country_n at_o the_o foot_n of_o the_o alps_n which_o make_v all_o the_o town_n thereabouts_o to_o yield_v themselves_o the_o athenian_n invade_v the_o island_n of_o sicily_n make_v the_o attempt_n against_o syracuse_n be_v the_o head_n city_n of_o the_o country_n first_o which_o course_n both_o the_o carthaginian_n and_o roman_n in_o the_o sicilian_a war_n pursue_v the_o prince_n of_o parma_n in_o the_o siege_n of_o of_o antwerp_n have_v like_o respect_n and_o reason_n to_o make_v he_o begin_v there_o for_o common_o all_o the_o country_n do_v follow_v the_o condition_n and_o proceed_n of_o the_o capital_a city_n lautrec_n in_o the_o enterprise_n of_o naples_n spend_v time_n in_o take_v paltry_a town_n by_o the_o way_n when_o his_o purpose_n be_v to_o go_v direct_o to_o the_o siege_n of_o naples_n do_v tire_v his_o army_n spend_v his_o man_n and_o loose_a time_n which_o the_o enemy_n spend_v better_a in_o arm_v himself_o in_o our_o journey_n to_o portugal_n many_o do_v likewise_o mislike_v that_o set_v our_o course_n for_o lisbon_n we_o turn_v aside_o to_o coronna_n which_o be_v no_o small_a hindrance_n to_o we_o and_o help_v to_o the_o enemy_n in_o besiege_v of_o small_a town_n there_o be_v often_o as_o much_o labour_n and_o cost_n as_o in_o great_a and_o little_a or_o no_o gain_n those_o therefore_o that_o when_o they_o may_v go_v to_o the_o head_n be_v palter_v about_o small_a town_n or_o castle_n be_v like_o unskilful_a soldier_n that_o when_o the_o hart_n lie_v open_a without_o defence_n be_v still_o strike_v at_o the_o hand_n or_o foot_n but_o if_o our_o force_n serve_v not_o to_o besiege_v the_o strong_a town_n of_o the_o enemy_n country_n yet_o before_o we_o sit_v down_o before_o any_o town_n let_v we_o see_v what_o commodity_n we_o may_v get_v by_o take_v it_o scipio_n consider_v that_o new_a carthage_n in_o spain_n be_v a_o fit_a port_n for_o ship_n and_o the_o store_n house_n of_o the_o enemy_n and_o a_o place_n where_o his_o treasure_n and_o hostage_n lay_v do_v begin_v the_o war_n with_o the_o siege_n of_o that_o town_n annibal_n make_v many_o attempt_n against_o nola_n and_o naples_n for_o the_o desire_n he_o have_v to_o have_v a_o port_n in_o italy_n that_o lie_v commodious_o against_o africa_n fail_v of_o these_o at_o length_n he_o get_v tarentum_n and_o locri._n for_o the_o same_o cause_n he_o make_v reckon_v of_o salapia_n for_o it_o lay_v convenient_o in_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o country_n and_o be_v very_o commodious_a for_o the_o conveyance_n of_o victual_n to_o his_o army_n king_n edward_n the_o three_o after_o his_o victory_n at_o cressi_n sit_v down_o before_o caleis_n for_o that_o it_o be_v a_o commodious_a port_n for_o his_o enterprise_n against_o france_n those_o that_o spend_v great_a labour_n in_o win_v paltry_a hamlet_n as_o do_v the_o french_a king_n that_o be_v also_o king_n of_o poland_n in_o the_o win_n of_o liuron_n in_o dauphinè_n although_o they_o win_v the_o place_n yet_o win_v nothing_o but_o repentance_n and_o if_o they_o fail_v scorn_n and_o loss_n town_n be_v take_v diverse_a way_n viz._n either_o by_o siege_n or_o by_o assault_n or_o surprise_v or_o by_o all_o or_o two_o of_o these_o join_v together_o in_o every_o of_o which_o the_o proceed_n be_v diverse_a as_o the_o end_n be_v diverse_a the_o end_n of_o a_o siege_n be_v to_o strait_a the_o town_n so_o that_o either_o for_o want_v of_o victual_n water_n munition_n soldier_n hope_v of_o succour_n health_n or_o other_o commodity_n the_o same_o be_v drive_v to_o yield_v the_o end_n of_o a_o surprise_n be_v sly_o to_o enter_v the_o town_n without_o knowledge_n of_o the_o enemy_n the_o end_n of_o a_o assault_n be_v to_o force_v the_o enemy_n to_o give_v we_o entrance_n this_o diversity_n of_o end_n may_v teach_v we_o both_o what_o to_o do_v and_o what_o to_o avoid_v the_o end_n of_o siege_n be_v to_o force_v the_o enemy_n to_o yield_v for_o want_v we_o be_v to_o use_v all_o device_n and_o mean_n to_o make_v he_o spend_v his_o store_n and_o to_o increase_v his_o want_n alexander_n king_n of_o 7._o of_o liu._n 7._o epeirus_n have_v a_o purpose_n to_o besiege_v leucadia_n suffer_v all_o the_o country_n people_n that_o will_v to_o enter_v the_o town_n that_o they_o within_o may_v soon_o spend_v their_o victual_n when_o they_o of_o 7._o of_o caes_n de_fw-fr bell_n gal._n 7._o alexia_n besiege_v by_o caesar_n begin_v to_o send_v out_o woman_n and_o child_n and_o age_a person_n such_o as_o only_o serve_v to_o spend_v victual_n they_o can_v not_o be_v suffer_v to_o pass_v the_o french_a king_n that_o now_o be_v do_v otherwise_o in_o the_o siege_n of_o paris_n a_o 1590._o move_v with_o christianity_n and_o pity_n but_o the_o practice_n of_o war_n require_v rather_o rigour_n in_o that_o case_n in_o sapere_fw-la in_o non_fw-la facile_fw-la est_fw-la simul_fw-la misereri_fw-la &_o sapere_fw-la which_o hard_a it_o be_v both_o to_o show_v mercy_n and_o wisdom_n together_o where_o the_o defendant_n be_v not_o more_o politic_a than_o ordinary_a there_o the_o assailant_n may_v also_o by_o false_a show_n and_o feign_a escaladae_n make_v they_o spend_v their_o powder_n in_o vain_a in_o these_o late_a trouble_n of_o france_n while_o the_o brave_a soldier_n within_o a_o certain_a place_n shoot_v all_o the_o night_n at_o certain_a match_n convey_v from_o place_n to_o place_n and_o at_o a_o ass_n or_o two_o that_o make_v a_o stir_n in_o the_o town_n ditch_n in_o the_o morning_n they_o begin_v to_o yield_v for_o want_v of_o powder_n caesar_n by_o a_o 8._o a_o caes_n bell_n gal._n 8._o my_o come_n to_o the_o vein_n of_o the_o spring_n that_o serve_v vxellodunum_n take_v away_o the_o water_n from_o the_o town_n and_o so_o force_v the_o same_o to_o yield_v 1._o yield_v thucid._n 1._o megabazus_n besiege_v the_o athenian_n in_o the_o island_n prosopis_n in_o egypt_n by_o a_o device_n turn_v away_o the_o water_n that_o run_v into_o the_o haven_n where_o their_o ship_n lay_v set_v their_o ship_n dry_a and_o give_v entrance_n to_o his_o man_n &_o take_v away_o all_o escape_n from_o the_o enemy_n who_o ship_n be_v on_o ground_n the_o town_n of_o chartres_n in_o france_n have_v likewise_o for_o want_n of_o water_n and_o other_o necessity_n be_v drive_v to_o great_a strait_n in_o the_o siege_n a_o 1568_o the_o protestant_n turn_v away_o the_o river_n out_o of_o the_o channel_n but_o that_o by_o conclusion_n of_o peace_n the_o siege_n be_v break_v up_o short_o after_o caesar_n by_o keep_v pompey_n in_o a_o short_a compass_n of_o ground_n by_o his_o entrenchment_n have_v almost_o famish_a all_o his_o horse_n in_o which_o consist_v his_o special_a strength_n which_o guard_n and_o diligence_n if_o the_o protestant_n anno_fw-la 1569_o have_v use_v in_o the_o siege_n of_o poitiers_n they_o have_v not_o only_a famish_a all_o the_o horse_n of_o the_o enemy_n but_o otherwise_o hurt_v he_o but_o they_o do_v not_o so_o much_o as_o bar_v the_o way_n much_o less_o other_o ground_n so_o but_o that_o he_o sally_v at_o pleasure_n there_o be_v two_o mean_n principal_a to_o stop_v the_o town_n besiege_v from_o victual_n and_o thing_n necessary_a the_o one_o of_o which_o must_v necessary_o be_v use_v if_o we_o mean_v to_o achieve_v our_o purpose_n the_o first_o be_v to_o entrench_v the_o town_n round_o about_o if_o it_o be_v a_o land_n town_n if_o it_o stand_v upon_o the_o water_n then_o to_o cast_v a_o bank_n about_o it_o on_o that_o part_n that_o be_v towards_o the_o land_n and_o with_o ship_n or_o boat_n to_o guard_v and_o stop_v the_o way_n to_o the_o sea_n or_o water_n the_o second_o be_v to_o bar_v the_o way_n and_o upon_o all_o place_n of_o easy_a access_n to_o make_v in_o convenient_a distance_n sconce_n or_o fort_n the_o first_o be_v more_o laborious_a but_o very_o effectual_a the_o second_o be_v easy_a but_o seldom_o take_v effect_n unless_o time_n &_o the_o weakness_n of_o the_o enemy_n do_v help_v us._n therefore_o be_v that_o course_n always_o use_v of_o antiquity_n this_o seldom_o unless_o it_o be_v of_o such_o as_o either_o know_v not_o what_o to_o do_v or_o have_v not_o mean_n to_o do_v more_o the_o lacedaemonian_n besiege_v 2._o besiege_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d etc._n etc._n thucid._n 2._o platea_n cast_v up_o a_o bank_n round_o about_o the_o town_n the_o same_o they_o guard_v with_o turret_n build_v upon_o it_o in_o equal_a distance_n and_o lest_o any_o may_v climb_v over_o it_o they_o
hard_a to_o be_v force_v whereunto_o either_o for_o height_n or_o for_o water_n or_o other_o inconvenience_n the_o soldier_n can_v hardly_o come_v a_o town_n situate_a upon_o a_o rock_n which_o be_v well_o wall_a and_o flank_v can_v hardly_o be_v assault_v for_o such_o ground_n can_v neither_o be_v mine_v nor_o trench_v other_o town_n that_o be_v place_v in_o even_a ground_n and_o good_a soil_n although_o they_o be_v strong_o fortify_v yet_o either_o by_o breach_n or_o scale_v or_o i_o may_v be_v enter_v especial_o where_o the_o soldier_n be_v neither_o many_o nor_o skilful_a nor_o resolute_a of_o such_o town_n that_o be_v neither_o well_o flank_v nor_o well_o man_v there_o be_v no_o doubt_n to_o be_v make_v but_o that_o by_o a_o resolute_a charge_n they_o may_v be_v win_v the_o course_n that_o be_v common_o and_o best_o to_o be_v use_v in_o assault_v of_o town_n be_v this_o after_o that_o the_o general_n come_v in_o view_n of_o the_o town_n that_o he_o determine_v to_o assault_v let_v he_o send_v his_o campe-master_n or_o some_o other_o special_a mea_fw-la of_o judgement_n before_o with_o his_o horseman_n second_v with_o shot_n and_o target_n to_o view_v the_o wall_n of_o the_o town_n and_o the_o ground_n without_o the_o town_n where_o the_o battery_n may_v most_o commodious_o be_v make_v by_o reason_n of_o the_o weakness_n of_o the_o wall_n or_o eavennes_n of_o the_o ground_n if_o he_o can_v approach_v with_o his_o horse_n he_o may_v then_o use_v his_o shot_n and_o target_n to_o beat_v those_o that_o will_v offer_v themselves_o to_o hinder_v the_o discovery_n that_o he_o fail_v not_o in_o judgement_n he_o be_v to_o understand_v that_o where_o the_o wall_n be_v high_a or_o weak_a or_o destitute_a of_o bulwark_n or_o flanker_n and_o the_o ditch_n be_v narrow_a and_o dry_a and_o the_o ground_z within_z and_o without_o plain_a and_o even_a there_o be_v a_o good_a place_n to_o make_v a_o battery_n yea_o albeit_o the_o wall_n be_v strong_a and_o well_o flank_v yet_o if_o there_o be_v no_o weak_a place_n i_o will_v not_o have_v he_o doubt_n to_o choose_v that_o place_n to_o plant_v his_o artillery_n in_o if_o by_o espial_n we_o understand_v where_o the_o ground_n and_o the_o defence_n of_o the_o town_n give_v we_o best_a commodity_n to_o make_v a_o breach_n than_o there_o need_v no_o great_a view_n but_o only_o to_o see_v whether_o it_o be_v as_o be_v report_v the_o quality_n of_o the_o ground_n will_v also_o be_v consider_v whether_o it_o be_v hard_a or_o soft_a plain_a or_o hilly_a dry_a or_o miry_a and_o such_o like_a that_o after_o the_o battery_n once_o begin_v we_o be_v not_o drive_v to_o remove_v our_o piece_n this_o be_v report_v to_o the_o general_n he_o be_v to_o cause_v the_o great_a ordnance_n to_o be_v draw_v towards_o the_o place_n so_o that_o about_o the_o shut_n of_o the_o evening_n the_o same_o may_v be_v within_o mosquet_n shoot_v yet_o cover_v from_o the_o townsman_n view_n if_o it_o may_v be_v with_o the_o same_o be_v two_o strong_a squadron_n of_o shot_n to_o march_v second_v with_o halberd_n and_o target_n and_o supply_v with_o some_o horseman_n the_o rest_n of_o the_o army_z divide_v into_o four_o part_n be_v to_o take_v their_o lodging_n in_o four_o part_n round_o about_o the_o town_n somewhat_o far_o from_o the_o wall_n unless_o they_o may_v cover_v themselves_o with_o some_o hill_n from_o their_o shot_n or_o that_o there_o be_v suburb_n about_o the_o town_n that_o night_n every_o part_n be_v to_o fortify_v their_o lodging_n with_o trench_n palissadae_n barriquade_v or_o such_o mean_n as_o they_o have_v when_o the_o day_n be_v go_v let_v all_o the_o soldier_n that_o may_v be_v spare_v and_o for_o default_n of_o they_o let_v pioner_n carry_v basket_n and_o earth_n to_o the_o place_n choose_v to_o plant_v the_o artillery_n in_o that_o may_v not_o be_v above_o sixty_o or_o seventie_o pase_n from_o the_o wall_n there_o divide_v their_o basket_n into_o so_o many_o part_n as_o the_o master_n of_o the_o ordnance_n purpose_v to_o divide_v his_o piecy_n into_o let_v they_o begin_v to_o fill_v their_o basket_n range_v in_o order_n as_o fast_o as_o they_o can_v that_o they_o be_v not_o molest_v in_o their_o work_n the_o squadron_n of_o shot_n slide_v along_o by_o their_o side_n and_o shoot_v against_o such_o as_o show_v themselves_o from_o the_o wall_n be_v to_o provide_v against_o sally_n the_o targetter_n and_o halberde_n be_v to_o defend_v they_o when_o the_o baskette_n be_v fill_v then_o they_o may_v range_v their_o piece_n behind_o they_o but_o if_o the_o basket_n be_v not_o defence_n sufficient_a as_o seldom_o they_o be_v against_o great_a shot_n then_o under_o cover_n of_o the_o basket_n they_o be_v to_o begin_v a_o trench_n cast_v the_o earth_n inward_a toward_o the_o piece_n to_o serve_v for_o a_o bank_n the_o same_o trench_n will_v be_v make_v along_o the_o curtain_n of_o the_o wall_n the_o end_n of_o the_o bank_n bend_v inward_a that_o there_o the_o artillery_n may_v be_v place_v that_o shoot_v on_o slope_n to_o the_o curtain_n and_o direct_v against_o the_o bulwark_n or_o flanker_n for_o defence_n of_o the_o artillery_n and_o those_o that_o be_v place_v there_o to_o guard_v it_o on_o both_o side_n reason_n require_v that_o the_o bank_n be_v make_v with_o diverse_a corner_n and_o that_o the_o whole_a compass_n of_o ground_n where_o the_o artillery_n stand_v be_v entrench_v but_o so_o that_o there_o be_v issue_n leave_v for_o those_o within_o to_o go_v within_o the_o trench_n and_o without_o they_o upon_o the_o bank_n there_o will_v a_o sufficient_a parapet_n be_v make_v all_o alongst_o where_o the_o canon_n be_v range_v fifteen_o or_o sixteen_o foot_n in_o new_a earth_n be_v little_a enough_o in_o that_o the_o hole_n for_o the_o canon_n be_v to_o be_v leave_v in_o other_o place_n if_o the_o parapet_n be_v three_o or_o four_o foot_n thick_a it_o be_v sufficient_a all_o along_o this_o bank_n and_o along_o the_o trench_n be_v mosquetier_n and_o other_o shot_n to_o be_v range_v the_o broad_a the_o trench_n be_v the_o better_a it_o will_v serve_v to_o cover_v our_o man_n to_o effect_v this_o speedy_o many_o hand_n be_v to_o be_v employ_v if_o there_o be_v convenient_a speed_n use_v the_o ordnance_n will_v be_v ready_a to_o speak_v the_o next_o morning_n but_o for_o that_o it_o be_v not_o possible_a that_o man_n shall_v work_v all_o the_o night_n neither_o convenient_o watch_v all_o night_n therefore_o both_o shot_n and_o targetter_n and_o such_o as_o work_v the_o first_o part_n of_o the_o night_n will_v be_v relieve_v at_o midnight_n and_o other_o send_v in_o their_o place_n both_o to_o work_v and_o to_o watch_v the_o artillery_n be_v to_o be_v range_v in_o three_o place_n two_o four_o part_n will_v be_v place_v direct_a before_o the_o curtain_n of_o the_o wall_n of_o the_o other_o two_o part_n one_o will_v be_v range_v some_o pretty_a distance_n off_o with_o the_o nose_n of_o the_o piece_n point_v toward_o the_o flanker_n if_o any_o be_v of_o the_o one_o hand_n the_o other_o towards_o the_o bulwark_n or_o flanker_n on_o the_o other_o hand_n yet_o sometime_o they_o may_v hit_v slope_n wise_a in_o the_o curtain_n of_o the_o wall_n and_o those_o that_o be_v point_v against_o the_o curtain_n nay_o be_v discharge_v against_o the_o shoulder_n of_o the_o flanker_n if_o with_o thy_o piece_n thou_o can_v not_o see_v the_o foot_n of_o the_o wall_n then_o before_o thou_o begin_v the_o battery_n thou_o must_v cause_v the_o counterscarpe_a or_o ground_n betwixt_o thou_o and_o the_o wall_n to_o be_v open_v and_o the_o earth_n cast_v into_o the_o ditch_n of_o the_o town_n that_o be_v to_o be_v do_v both_o before_o the_o curtain_n and_o before_o the_o flanker_n if_o thou_o do_v not_o hit_v within_o two_o foot_n of_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o wall_n thou_o do_v but_o waste_a time_n and_o powder_n that_o the_o canon_n may_v be_v manage_v with_o more_o ease_n if_o the_o soil_n be_v soft_a thou_o be_v to_o make_v a_o sole_a of_o plank_n somewhat_o encliving_a towards_o the_o wall_n for_o the_o same_o to_o run_v upon_o this_o be_v do_v which_o be_v principal_a we_o be_v to_o dress_v a_o mount_n or_o cavalier_n as_o they_o call_v it_o some_o hundred_o pace_n from_o the_o wall_n or_o near_o direct_o look_v along_o the_o wall_n where_o the_o breach_n be_v to_o be_v make_v there_o place_v four_o or_o five_o piece_n of_o artillery_n we_o may_v beat_v those_o that_o present_v themselves_o to_o the_o breach_n to_o defend_v it_o or_o repair_v it_o by_o the_o same_o we_o may_v discover_v those_o that_o be_v upon_o the_o bulwark_n or_o go_v in_o the_o street_n or_o within_o work_n about_o the_o breach_n and_o therefore_o where_o the_o ground_n afoord_v we_o
midst_n of_o the_o curtain_n can_v easy_o beforce_v if_o it_o be_v well_o defend_v whether_o it_o be_v better_a to_o have_v five_o or_o six_o or_o more_o bulwark_n about_o one_o town_n or_o forteresse_n it_o be_v hard_o to_o determine_v for_o if_o the_o curtain_n be_v make_v right_a and_o of_o a_o reasonable_a length_n and_o the_o bulwark_n be_v so_o place_v that_o one_o may_v entresuccour_n another_o how_o many_o corner_n soever_o the_o forteresse_n be_v the_o same_o be_v good_a only_o forteress_n of_o four_o corner_n and_o bulwark_n and_o much_o more_o those_o of_o three_o because_o the_o bulwark_n can_v one_o defend_v another_o unless_o they_o be_v make_v very_o sharp_a &_o weak_a of_o man_n of_o experience_n have_v be_v find_v defective_a the_o forteresse_n of_o porto_n hercole_n in_o the_o territory_n of_o sienna_n be_v of_o three_o corner_n but_o it_o be_v so_o build_v either_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o ground_n that_o will_v admit_v no_o other_o form_n or_o for_o that_o the_o insufficiency_n of_o those_o small_a bulwark_n with_o three_o corner_n be_v not_o know_v when_o that_o be_v make_v those_o that_o either_o have_v not_o time_n or_o mean_n to_o make_v wall_n and_o bulwark_n of_o stone_n if_o they_o will_v observe_v the_o same_o measure_n and_o proportion_n may_v make_v the_o same_o very_a well_o and_o strong_o of_o earth_n clay_n and_o small_a rubble_n mingle_v together_o and_o either_o make_v in_o mortar_n stiffen_v with_o straw_n or_o else_o bear_v up_o with_o small_a and_o straight_o stick_v lay_v thin_a in_o the_o work_n in_o holland_n zealand_n and_o other_o place_n of_o the_o low_a country_n there_o be_v diverse_a good_a fortification_n make_v only_o of_o turf_n of_o earth_n well_o lay_v and_o fasten_v together_o on_o the_o out_o side_n and_o within_o stuff_v with_o earth_n and_o rubble_n only_o the_o place_n for_o the_o canon_n which_o be_v make_v in_o bulwark_n of_o stone_n in_o these_o kind_n of_o fortification_n be_v want_v and_o the_o point_n of_o the_o bulwark_n make_v very_o weak_a and_o subject_a to_o zap_v yet_o with_o timber_n i_o will_v not_o doubt_v to_o make_v one_o sufficient_a place_n on_o either_o side_n of_o the_o bulwark_n to_o range_v the_o canon_n in_o to_o beat_v low_o along_o the_o ditch_n and_o curtain_n and_o with_o faggot_n also_o to_o make_v both_o the_o shoulder_n and_o point_n of_o the_o bulwark_n as_o stiff_o as_o if_o be_v make_v with_o stone_n those_o that_o fortify_v their_o place_n only_o with_o turf_n or_o earth_n of_o which_o both_o the_o wall_n and_o bulwark_n be_v to_o consist_v be_v thus_o to_o proceed_v in_o their_o work_n first_o the_o ground_n be_v to_o be_v plain_v so_o broad_a as_o they_o mean_v to_o make_v their_o bank_n or_o rampar_n or_o bulwark_n and_o that_o will_v i_o not_o have_v less_o than_o 14_o pase_n at_o the_o bottom_n some_o what_o low_a in_o the_o midst_n then_o in_o the_o outside_n the_o ground_n be_v plain_v a_o rank_n of_o turf_n be_v to_o be_v lay_v outward_a every_o one_o a_o yard_n or_o three_o quarter_n long_o if_o the_o earth_n be_v tough_a and_o likewise_o a_o rank_n of_o turf_n of_o a_o worse_a sort_n inward_a to_o the_o town_n they_o be_v to_o be_v make_v thin_a to_o the_o inside_n and_o thick_a to_o the_o outside_n upon_o the_o end_n of_o these_o turf_n be_v other_o worse_a turf_n to_o be_v lay_v and_o the_o space_n within_o to_o be_v fill_v with_o small_a earth_n well_o ram_v together_o upon_o these_o rank_n of_o turf_n other_o rank_n of_o turf_n be_v to_o be_v lay_v and_o to_o be_v fasten_v together_o and_o to_o be_v fill_v in_o the_o midst_n until_o the_o same_o come_v to_o a_o sufficient_a height_n the_o bank_n be_v to_o be_v make_v lean_v inward_a the_o better_a to_o hold_v up_o the_o earth_n the_o earth_n must_v be_v dig_v out_o of_o the_o ditch_n all_o along_o the_o bank_n lean_v a_o yard_n or_o more_o from_o the_o foundation_n of_o the_o bank_n which_o the_o work_n be_v finish_v may_v be_v plain_v and_o fashion_v to_o the_o bank_n and_o may_v serve_v to_o make_v the_o bank_n seem_v high_a to_o make_v a_o bank_n of_o earth_n and_o hazel_n rod_n or_o other_o brush_n mingle_v together_o this_o be_v the_o course_n first_o the_o earth_n be_v to_o be_v plain_v where_o the_o foundation_n be_v to_o be_v make_v then_o small_a earth_n well_o sift_v and_o ram_v to_o be_v lay_v half_o a_o foot_n thick_a and_o above_o that_o small_a rod_n with_o their_o head_n lay_v as_o even_a as_o may_v be_v and_o to_o the_o end_n of_o those_o other_o rod_n be_v to_o be_v lay_v and_o earth_n over_o they_o this_o be_v to_o be_v do_v both_o on_o the_o outside_n and_o inside_n and_o so_o to_o be_v mingle_v and_o ram_v together_o until_o the_o bank_n come_v to_o the_o full_a height_n the_o bank_n be_v to_o be_v make_v slope_n for_o the_o better_a lie_v of_o the_o earth_n and_o to_o be_v fill_v with_o earth_n dig_v out_o of_o the_o ditch_n for_o ease_v of_o the_o labourer_n if_o neither_o turf_n of_o earth_n nor_o stick_n may_v be_v have_v sufficient_a than_o the_o outward_a crust_n on_o both_o side_n of_o the_o rampart_n will_v be_v make_v of_o mortar_n well_o mingle_v with_o hay_n and_o straw_n or_o else_o if_o the_o ground_n be_v stony_a of_o stone_n lay_v in_o mortar_n the_o inmost_a part_n if_o it_o be_v fill_v with_o earth_n and_o rubble_n and_o well_o ram_v will_v stand_v when_o the_o stone_n ruse_v down_o and_o bear_v many_o canon_n shoot_v if_o it_o be_v of_o sufficient_a thickness_n this_o manner_n of_o fortification_n require_v no_o great_a cost_n and_o be_v perfect_v only_o with_o labour_n great_o be_v it_o to_o be_v wish_v that_o plymouth_n falmouth_n and_o other_o port_n town_n in_o england_n be_v so_o bank_v and_o fortify_v for_o albeit_o in_o continuance_n of_o time_n such_o bank_n be_v beat_v flat_a yet_o will_v they_o bear_v off_o any_o sudden_a force_n when_o the_o work_n be_v come_v to_o the_o height_n then_o be_v the_o parapet_n to_o be_v make_v 4_o pase_n broad_a if_o thy_o bank_n will_v bear_v it_o and_o to_o mount_v up_o the_o rampar_n stair_n will_v be_v cast_v out_o in_o diverse_a place_n the_o broad_a the_o bank_n be_v the_o better_a the_o earth_n will_v lie_v and_o the_o better_a resistance_n it_o will_v make_v but_o if_o the_o same_o be_v weak_a in_o any_o place_n then_o be_v the_o same_o to_o be_v defend_v with_o mount_n from_o within_o and_o ravelin_n without_o the_o measure_n of_o the_o bulwark_n of_o earth_n with_o all_o their_o part_n will_v be_v either_o equal_a to_o those_o that_o be_v make_v of_o stone_n or_o large_a because_o otherwise_o the_o ditch_n will_v soon_o be_v fill_v with_o the_o ruse_v down_o of_o the_o earth_n in_o make_v the_o wall_n and_o bulwark_n the_o breadth_n also_o and_o fashion_n of_o the_o ditch_n be_v to_o be_v cast_v for_o if_o they_o be_v do_v both_o together_o the_o earth_n that_o be_v dig_v out_o of_o the_o ditch_n may_v serve_v to_o make_v the_o rampar_n the_o ditch_n where_o it_o be_v narrow_a will_v be_v 15_o pase_n broad_a if_o it_o be_v make_v narrow_a it_o may_v the_o more_o easy_o be_v fill_v up_o by_o the_o enemy_n and_o by_o the_o ruin_n of_o the_o bank_n and_o wall_n in_o france_n the_o ditch_n make_v in_o old_a time_n be_v either_o a_o do_v de_fw-mi l'asue_v that_o be_v deep_a and_o narrow_a in_o the_o midst_n and_o rise_v on_o both_o side_n as_o the_o ditch_n about_o amiens_n and_o paris_n or_o else_o a_o fond_a de_fw-fr cwe_fw-mi that_o be_v equal_o deep_a in_o the_o bottom_n and_o steep_a upon_o the_o side_n in_o both_o which_o the_o foot_n of_o the_o wall_n be_v open_a to_o the_o view_n and_o easy_o batter_v neither_o do_v the_o defence_n make_v upon_o the_o rampar_n on_o which_o the_o wall_n be_v build_v which_o they_o call_v fauss_n bray_v help_v the_o matter_n now_o the_o wall_n be_v raise_v out_o of_o the_o ditch_n the_o bottom_n of_o the_o same_o will_v be_v level_a but_o broad_a and_o deep_a and_o in_o the_o midst_n of_o it_o a_o deep_a trench_n which_o in_o dry_a ditch_n serve_v to_o discover_v the_o enemy_n mine_n in_o watery_a place_n to_o convey_v away_o the_o water_n some_o for_o defence_n of_o their_o ditch_n have_v build_v a_o wall_n in_o the_o midst_n of_o it_o as_o in_o the_o ditch_n of_o caleis_n but_o it_o be_v to_o no_o purpose_n see_v for_o the_o lowness_n of_o it_o either_o with_o the_o ruin_n of_o the_o wall_n or_o with_o earth_n and_o faggot_n cast_v into_o the_o ditch_n it_o be_v soon_o cover_v whether_o the_o ditch_n be_v dry_a or_o full_a of_o water_n it_o skill_v not_o great_o for_o as_o both_o have_v their_o discommodity_n so_o they_o have_v also_o