the_o worst_a and_o very_o bad_a be_v dry_a stock_n and_o not_o so_o sappy_a as_o the_o beforementioned_a the_o seed_n of_o pear_n yield_v the_o best_a stock_n for_o pear-tree_n graft_v pear-graft_n or_o cyen_n on_o a_o white_a thorn_n or_o quince_n stock_n will_v make_v the_o tree_n to_o be_v of_o small_a growth_n and_o the_o fruit_n bad_a have_v hard_a and_o stony_a cores_fw-la if_o graft_v upon_o a_o thorn_n tree_n black_a cherry_n stone_n and_o red_a cherry_n stone_n yield_v stock_n to_o graft_v or_o inoculate_v cherry_n on_o but_o the_o black_a cherry_n stock_n be_v best_a for_o they_o yield_v goodly_a straight_o large_a plant_n and_o full_a of_o sap_n and_o become_v great_a tree_n than_o those_o produce_v of_o red_a cherry_n stone_n and_o consequent_o more_o proper_a for_o orchard_n and_o field_n to_o inoculate_v a_o apricock_n very_o low_a on_o a_o white_a pear-plum_n stock_n or_o on_o a_o wheat-plum-stock_n and_o then_o after_o a_o year_n growth_n inoculate_v a_o peach_n or_o 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kernel_n and_o stone_n but_o yet_o these_o lesser_a tree_n shall_v so_o get_v ground_n of_o the_o other_o that_o by_o the_o ten_o or_o twelve_o year_n they_o shall_v not_o only_o overtake_v they_o but_o outstrip_v they_o in_o growth_n good_a stock_n for_o pear_n plum_n and_o cherry_n of_o sucker_n not_o good_a and_o as_o to_o the_o way_n of_o raise_v of_o stock_n for_o pear_n plum_n and_o cherry_n by_o sucker_n it_o be_v to_o be_v observe_v that_o tree_n so_o raise_v will_v be_v ever_o apt_a to_o cast_v up_o such_o sucker_n themselves_o and_o such_o as_o do_v be_v seldom_o find_v to_o be_v good_a bear_v tree_n because_o they_o expend_v their_o sap_n so_o much_o that_o way_n nevertheless_o sucker_n spring_v out_o of_o the_o root_n of_o pear-tree_n plum-tree_n and_o cherry-tree_n may_v be_v good_a stock_n for_o to_o graft_v pear_n plum_n and_o cherry-graft_n on_o for_o wall-tree_n and_o dwarf-tree_n because_o they_o make_v tree_n of_o small_a growth_n and_o one_o shall_v very_o difficulty_n store_n himself_o with_o crabtree_n stock_n from_o the_o wood_n and_o hedges_n and_o from_o sucker_n to_o such_o a_o number_n as_o he_o may_v desire_v because_o many_o of_o they_o will_v prove_v bad_a and_o miscarry_v whereas_o as_o from_o kernel_n or_o seed_n and_o stone_n it_o be_v almost_o the_o same_o labour_n to_o have_v thousand_o as_o hundred_o and_o such_o as_o will_v almost_o all_o of_o they_o be_v fit_a and_o proper_a for_o use_v you_o may_v also_o raise_v stock_n to_o graft_v apple_n and_o pear_n on_o by_o set_v cut_n of_o the_o jennet_n moyl_n and_o kentish_a codling_n and_o the_o quince-tree_n for_o pear_n by_o set_v those_o in_o the_o place_n where_o the_o tree_n of_o apple_n and_o pear_n be_v to_o grow_v in_o dwarfor_o wall_n tree_n and_o also_o the_o end_n of_o root_n cut_v off_o from_o young_a tree_n take_v up_o to_o be_v trasplant_v and_o set_v in_o bed_n of_o good_a earth_n will_v shoot_v forth_o top_n and_o become_v good_a stock_n which_o may_v serve_v for_o dwarf_n tree_n and_o wall_n tree_n or_o you_o may_v inoculate_v bud_n on_o the_o small_a root_n of_o great_a tree_n that_o grow_v at_o far_a distance_n from_o the_o body_n and_o after_o a_o year_n growth_n to_o cut_v off_o the_o root_n about_o a_o foot_n in_o length_n with_o the_o new_a shoot_n grow_v upon_o it_o and_o transplant_v it_o because_o a_o tree_n will_v be_v raise_v thus_o soon_o than_o from_o 2_o seed_n or_o stone_n in_o case_n of_o a_o exigent_n for_o a_o stock_n or_o two_o this_o way_n may_v be_v practise_v but_o it_o will_v be_v find_v too_o troublesome_a for_o a_o general_a use_n sucker_n spring_v from_o the_o root_n of_o the_o wheat_n plum-tree_n or_o white_a pear-plum-tree_n make_v excellent_a stock_n for_o peach_n nectarine_n
and_o hardy_a against_o all_o wind_n and_o blast_n the_o fruit_n be_v so_o hard_a sharp_a and_o unpalatable_a from_o the_o tree_n that_o it_o be_v free_v from_o the_o danger_n sweet_a fruit_n be_v subject_a to_o they_o hang_v long_o on_o the_o tree_n before_o they_o be_v ripe_a and_o then_o be_v lay_v up_o until_o december_n or_o after_o and_o ground_n yield_v a_o very_a delicate_a cider_n which_o will_v soon_o ferment_n therefore_o must_v be_v draw_v off_o the_o lee_n in_o a_o few_o day_n this_o be_v a_o common_a and_o in_o some_o place_n but_o a_o hedg-fruit_n and_o yield_v but_o a_o thin_a sour_a juice_n be_v ground_n from_o the_o tree_n have_v be_v of_o late_o slight_v when_o in_o truth_n there_o be_v scarce_o a_o better_a fruit_n to_o be_v plant_v than_o this_o john-apple_n or_o two-year-old_a both_o for_o the_o beauty_n of_o the_o tree_n it_o be_v quick_a growth_n it_o be_v like_v all_o ground_n great_a bearing_n endure_v all_o wether_n long_o last_v it_o be_v excellency_n for_o kitchen_n use_v and_o preference_n at_o the_o table_n when_o most_o other_o fruit_n be_v past_a observe_v that_o cider_n fruit_n may_v be_v divide_v into_o three_o class_n first_o such_o as_o be_v for_o make_v early_a cider_n or_o for_o present_a drink_v as_o the_o coddle_v and_o summer_n fruit_n etc._n etc._n second_o such_o that_o be_v for_o make_v the_o best_a rich_a oily_a spicy_a poignant_a and_o high_o relish_v cider_n and_o also_o long_o keep_v and_o last_v such_o be_v the_o redstreak_n bromsberry_n crab_n golden-pippin_n westbury-apple_n john-apple_n the_o several_a sort_n of_o must_n and_o fillet_n the_o elliot_n and_o stoken-apple_n etc._n etc._n three_o such_o that_o be_v useful_a fruit_n for_o the_o table_n yet_o make_v a_o very_a pleasant_a and_o acceptable_a cider_n and_o such_o be_v the_o pippin_n and_o pearmains_n gillyflower_n marigold-apple_n golden-renneting_a harvey-apple_n queen_a etc._n etc._n general_o all_o hard_a apple_n and_o wilding_n have_v a_o lively_a pert_a poignant_a brisk_a juice_n so_o that_o they_o come_v not_o too_o near_o the_o degree_n of_o stark_a crab_n make_v excellent_a cider_n but_o cider_n make_v of_o hard_a harsh_a fruit_n be_v not_o so_o soon_o ready_a for_o drink_v as_o that_o of_o summer_n fruit_n and_o those_o more_o pleasant_a that_o make_v of_o table_n fruit_n be_v early_a ripe_a be_v ready_a to_o drink_v so_o soon_o as_o it_o be_v well_o settle_a and_o clear_v but_o that_o of_o hard_a apple_n not_o till_o summer_n follow_v and_o will_v continue_v good_a for_o two_o or_o three_o year_n or_o long_o if_o keep_v in_o a_o cool_a cellar_n good_a vessel_n well_o stop_v and_o will_v improve_v in_o keep_v apple_n of_o plant_v several_a kind_n of_o apple_n some_o object_n that_o since_o one_o or_o two_o kind_n of_o fruit_n may_v be_v have_v very_o good_a for_o cider_n what_o occasion_n be_v there_o to_o plant_v of_o so_o many_o sort_n for_o answer_v they_o will_v find_v it_o advantageous_a to_o have_v several_a sort_n of_o fruit_n for_o cider_n for_o the_o follow_a consideration_n 1._o one_o sort_n of_o fruit-tree_n may_v and_o do_v bear_v one_o year_n when_o another_o fail_v 2._o cider_n make_v of_o some_o kind_n will_v be_v ready_a to_o drink_v soon_o than_o other_o and_o thereby_o you_o may_v have_v it_o successive_o for_o your_o use_n the_o must-cyder_n may_v be_v clear_a a_o month_n after_o make_v the_o gennet-moil_n a_o quarter_n of_o a_o year_n after_o the_o redstreak_n near_o half_a a_o year_n after_o though_o it_o be_v much_o improve_v by_o long_a keep_n 3._o you_o may_v make_v your_o cider_n with_o more_o ease_n the_o fruit_n you_o make_v it_o of_o ripen_v one_o after_o another_o 4._o though_o some_o fruit_n yield_v not_o so_o good_a cider_n as_o other_o yet_o the_o tree_n may_v be_v quick_a of_o growth_n bear_v more_o plentiful_o and_o last_v long_o than_o those_o that_o yield_v better_o and_o the_o palate_n of_o man_n be_v various_a some_o like_o one_o sort_n and_o some_o another_o and_o so_o all_o may_v be_v please_v 5._o some_o fruit-tree_n agree_v with_o the_o soil_n and_o climate_n better_o than_o other_o which_o you_o will_v not_o be_v able_a to_o know_v till_o you_o have_v make_v trial_n of_o several_a pear_n how_o to_o make_v a_o new_a kind_n of_o apple_n or_o pear_n graft_n one_o fruit_n on_o another_o many_o time_n over_o every_o year_n a_o different_a kind_n so_o that_o you_o keep_v to_o those_o kind_n that_o will_v grow_v together_o as_o first_o to_o graft_v a_o crabtree_n near_o the_o ground_n with_o some_o good_a kind_n of_o apple_n graft_n and_o the_o next_o year_n to_o graft_v that_o again_o a_o handful_n or_o two_o above_o where_o the_o first_o be_v graft_v and_o the_o next_o year_n to_o graft_v that_o second_o graft_n and_o so_o proceed_v for_o five_o or_o six_o year_n by_o set_v graft_n upon_o graft_n and_o this_o may_v probable_o make_v some_o alteration_n and_o commixture_n in_o the_o fruit_n of_o the_o topmost_a graft_n though_o it_o be_v true_a every_o graft_n keep_v its_o own_o nature_n yet_o so_o as_o it_o receive_v some_o small_a alteration_n from_o the_o stock_n the_o sap_n thus_o arise_v and_o pass_v through_o so_o many_o kind_n of_o stock_n into_o the_o topmost_a may_v possible_o raise_v a_o new_a fruit._fw-la the_o more_o red_a any_o apple_n have_v in_o its_o rind_n the_o better_a for_o cider_n the_o pale_a the_o worse_o no_o sweet_a apple_n that_o have_v a_o rough_a rind_n be_v bad_a for_o cider_n if_o suffer_v especial_o to_o digest_v some_o time_n on_o heap_n as_o be_v hereafter_o direct_v chap._n 29._o sect._n 3_o mixture_n of_o fruit_n be_v of_o great_a advantage_n to_o your_o cider_n the_o mean_a apple_n mix_v make_v as_o good_a cider_n as_o the_o best_a alone_a except_o the_o redstreak_n and_o some_o few_o celebrate_a apple_n for_o that_o purpose_n but_o always_o observe_v that_o the_o apple_n so_o mix_v be_v of_o equal_a ripeness_n chap._n xxviii_o of_o annoyance_n to_o fruit-tree_n canker_n concern_v moss_n or_o canker_n §_o 1._o the_o nature_n of_o soil_n be_v the_o chief_a cause_n of_o the_o moss_n and_o canker_n and_o therefore_o without_o alter_v the_o one_o you_o can_v scarce_o prevent_v the_o other_o however_o you_o may_v with_o a_o hair_n cloth_n rub_v the_o moss_n off_o after_o rain_n or_o as_o some_o say_v burn_v it_o with_o a_o bottle_n of_o straw_n under_o the_o tree_n but_o if_o you_o only_o scrape_v or_o rub_v off_o the_o moss_n in_o few_o year_n they_o will_v be_v as_o much_o annoy_v therewith_o as_o ever_o because_o mossiness_n be_v cause_v by_o over_o coldness_n of_o the_o ground_n as_o in_o the_o waterish_a and_o clay_n ground_n and_o likewise_o by_o barrenness_n of_o the_o soil_n if_o the_o coldness_n proceed_v from_o over_o much_o moisture_n lay_v it_o dryer_n by_o trench_v the_o ground_n if_o clay_n ground_n then_o mix_v warm_a soil_n therewith_o as_o you_o be_v before_o teach_v at_o chap._n 7._o sect._n 10._o yet_o be_v sure_a you_o take_v away_o the_o present_a moss_n all_o canker_n filth_n and_o worm_n must_v be_v pick_v clean_o off_o and_o bind_v some_o clay_n well_o mix_v with_o hay_n about_o the_o canker_a place_n if_o the_o tree_n grow_v but_o poor_o which_o be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n cause_v by_o the_o ill_a temper_n of_o the_o soil_n open_v the_o ground_n about_o the_o root_n and_o put_v in_o some_o manure_n proper_a to_o cure_v it_o the_o canker_n assault_v general_o the_o best_a sort_n of_o fruit-tree_n as_o the_o pippin_n pearmain_n harvy-apple_n golden_a rennet_n etc._n etc._n of_o pear_n the_o warden_n of_o all_o sort_n burgamot_n etc._n etc._n and_o it_o sometime_o come_v by_o gall_v and_o fret_v of_o bough_n on_o each_o other_o and_o sometime_o by_o set_v tree_n not_o shallow_a but_o too_o deep_a as_o well_o as_o by_o barrenness_n of_o soil_n and_o sometime_o it_o come_v by_o break_v off_o bough_n which_o shall_v be_v cut_v off_o close_o to_o the_o tree_n though_o in_o the_o summer_n and_o cattle_n nip_a off_o the_o bud_n or_o piece_n of_o the_o tree_n or_o unseasonable_a prune_v raise_v of_o stock_n from_o crab_n kernel_n in_o the_o same_o land_n and_o graft_v on_o after_o once_o remove_v and_o place_v where_o they_o be_v to_o grow_v and_o be_v graft_v prevent_v the_o canker_n to_o cure_v the_o canker_n at_o present_a cut_v it_o out_o if_o it_o be_v upon_o the_o body_n or_o great_a bough_n of_o tree_n and_o wash_v the_o place_n with_o cowdung_n and_o urine_n mix_v and_o then_o cover_v the_o place_n with_o clay_n mix_v with_o horse-dung_n and_o cut_v off_o the_o small_a branch_n that_o be_v dead_a however_o stop_v the_o cause_n by_o amend_v the_o soil_n at_o root_n with_o proper_a manure_n as_o the_o dung_n of_o hog_n pigeon_n poultry_n horse_n cow_n the_o sediment_n of_o pool_n pond_n
the_o bark_n of_o the_o tree_n by_o cut_v too_o near_o or_o leave_v a_o stump_n by_o not_o cut_v near_o enough_o one_o of_o which_o be_v not_o easy_o avoid_v by_o the_o chance_n blow_v of_o a_o axe_n or_o hatchet_n and_o be_v among_o thick_a bough_n your_o chisel_n and_o mallet_n will_v be_v more_o governable_a than_o other_o instrument_n if_o the_o bough_n be_v very_o large_a you_o may_v use_v a_o see_v first_o and_o then_o smooth_v it_o with_o the_o chisel_n §_o 6._o tree_n grow_v in_o orchard_n field_n or_o hedge_n etc._n etc._n must_v be_v prune_v from_o year_n to_o year_n as_o need_n be_v in_o november_n or_o december_n by_o cut_v off_o superfluous_a branch_n and_o such_o as_o cross_v one_o another_o and_o grow_v too_o close_o leave_v no_o dead_a twig_n or_o branch_n and_o scrape_v off_o the_o moss_n on_o the_o body_n or_o branch_n of_o the_o tree_n §_o 7._o concern_v the_o prune_v and_o order_v of_o wall-tree_n see_v hereafter_o chap._n 10._o and_o you_o must_v not_o prune_n those_o plant_n you_o intend_v for_o the_o wall_n until_o transplant_v and_o set_v at_o the_o wall_n §_o 8._o prune_n not_o much_o and_o often_o if_o you_o love_v fruit_n more_o than_o a_o tree_n to_o thrive_v in_o wood_n therefore_o whilst_o your_o tree_n be_v young_a bring_v it_o unto_o a_o handsome_a shape_n and_o order_n and_o when_o it_o come_v to_o beat_v fruit_n forbear_v prune_v unless_o in_o case_n of_o break_a or_o such_o bough_n as_o grow_v cross_n or_o gall_n or_o fret_v other_o fruit-tree_n touch_v the_o height_n of_o fruit-tree_n §_o 9_o and_o here_o i_o must_v beg_v leave_n to_o thwart_v and_o contradict_v the_o opinion_n of_o all_o our_o modern_a planter_n who_o applaud_v the_o make_n tree_n not_o to_o be_v above_o a_o ell_n high_a before_o they_o spread_v their_o reason_n be_v these_o that_o follow_v 1._o because_o the_o low_a tree_n soon_o attain_v to_o be_v fruitbearing_a tree_n and_o grow_v fair_a than_o the_o tall_a the_o sap_n and_o juice_n waste_v in_o its_o long_a ball_n and_o passage_n which_o in_o the_o short_a tree_n expend_v itself_o soon_o in_o the_o branch_n 2._o you_o may_v plant_v more_o of_o they_o in_o the_o like_a quantity_n of_o land_n because_o the_o shadow_n of_o the_o one_o tree_n do_v not_o reach_v the_o ground_n of_o the_o other_o as_o that_o of_o the_o tall_a tree_n do_v 3._o the_o low_a and_o broad_a spread_a tree_n be_v the_o great_a bearer_n by_o reason_n the_o blossom_n in_o the_o spring_n be_v not_o so_o obvious_a to_o the_o bitter_a blast_n nor_o the_o fruit_n in_o the_o autumn_n to_o the_o fierce_a and_o destructive_a wind_n 4._o fruit_n be_v more_o easy_o gather_v from_o a_o low_a than_o a_o tall_a tree_n beat_v or_o shake_v down_o fruit_n from_o such_o tree_n be_v to_o be_v reject_v by_o all_o judicious_a cyderist_n 5._o any_o fruit_n on_o a_o low_a well_o spread_v tree_n be_v better_a and_o fair_a than_o that_o on_o a_o tall_a tree_n by_o the_o same_o reason_n that_o the_o tree_n be_v fair_a because_o the_o sap_n be_v not_o so_o much_o waste_v in_o the_o low_a and_o humble_a tree_n as_o in_o the_o tall_a and_o lofty_a by_o its_o large_a trunk_n notwithstanding_o these_o reason_n seem_v plausible_a yet_o experience_n assure_v that_o a_o tree_n of_o a_o reasonable_a height_n i_o mean_v not_o high_a like_o timber_n tree_n bear_v as_o well_o as_o the_o low_a and_o if_o you_o observe_v a_o due_a distance_n which_o ought_v to_o be_v the_o shade_n will_v not_o be_v injurious_a and_o though_o fruit_n on_o a_o low_a tree_n be_v easy_o gather_v yet_o the_o other_o may_v be_v with_o some_o little_a pain_n gather_v well_o enough_o but_o if_o you_o design_v to_o use_v the_o land_n under_o or_o about_o the_o tree_n you_o plant_v either_o in_o orchard_n field_n or_o hedge_n for_o the_o since_o spade_n or_o grasing_n of_o cattle_n especial_o let_v your_o tree_n be_v seven_o foot_n high_a at_o least_o before_o they_o begin_v to_o spread_v because_o you_o can_v scarce_o so_o cautious_o preserve_v they_o but_o cattle_n will_v sometime_o or_o other_o get_v into_o your_o orchard_n and_o then_o they_o will_v not_o a_o little_a endamage_v your_o fruit-tree_n if_o low_a by_o nip_a off_o the_o bud_n of_o all_o bough_n within_o their_o reach_n and_o if_o you_o chance_v to_o farm_v the_o orchard_n your_o tenant_n in_o despite_n of_o all_o covenant_n to_o the_o contrary_a will_v either_o be_v negligent_a malicious_a or_o so_o covetous_a as_o to_o permit_v cattle_n to_o graze_v in_o the_o orchard_n to_o your_o no_o little_a damage_n which_o by_o let_v they_o be_v seven_o foot_n high_a before_o they_o begin_v to_o spread_v will_v be_v infallible_o prevent_v but_o where_o you_o intend_v tree_n for_o table-fruit_n to_o he_o set_v in_o the_o border_n of_o garden_n or_o walk_n there_o you_o may_v let_v they_o spread_v within_o a_o ell_n and_o less_o of_o the_o earth_n as_o you_o shall_v hereafter_o be_v more_o full_o instruct_v §_o 10._o in_o prune_v tree_n be_v cautious_a of_o cut_v off_o the_o small_a sprig_n which_o be_v the_o more_o apt_a to_o bear_v fruit_n it_o be_v too_o usual_a for_o ignorant_a planter_n to_o beautify_v their_o tree_n by_o take_v off_o these_o superfluous_a branch_n as_o they_o term_v they_o whereby_o they_o deprive_v themselves_o of_o the_o furit_fw-la §_o 11._o cherry-tree_n must_v be_v graft_v at_o the_o hight_v you_o will_v have_v they_o spread_v about_o six_o or_o seven_o foot_n high_a unless_o for_o the_o wall_n and_o then_o within_o a_o foot_n of_o the_o ground_n §_o 12._o prune_n the_o head_n of_o some_o sort_n of_o tree_n that_o have_v but_o small_a pith_n as_o appletree_n pear-tree_n etc._n etc._n when_o you_o remove_v they_o to_o proportion_v the_o branch_n and_o root_n as_o near_o as_o you_o can_v but_o cherry-tree_n plum-tree_n walnut-tree_n etc._n etc._n that_o have_v a_o large_a pith_n be_v not_o to_o be_v tope_v only_o some_o of_o the_o side_n branch_n may_v be_v take_v away_o if_o you_o cut_v part_n of_o any_o shoot_n or_o a_o cyen_v for_o graft_v cut_v it_o close_o at_o a_o bud_n or_o sprig_n and_o the_o wound_n will_v again_o grow_v up_o and_o a_o stub_n end_v not_o leave_v behind_o chap._n vi_o touch_v the_o distance_n of_o fruit-tree_n orchard-tree_n distance_n of_o orchard-tree_n §_o 1._o the_o distance_n of_o tree_n in_o orchard_n ought_v not_o to_o be_v less_o than_o eight_o yard_n neither_o need_v it_o be_v more_o than_o 13_o or_o 14_o the_o rich_a the_o land_n be_v the_o great_a distance_n you_o ought_v to_o set_v the_o tree_n at_o from_o one_o another_o to_o which_o you_o ought_v to_o have_v respect_n and_o also_o to_o the_o kind_n of_o fruit-tree_n you_o plant_v for_o some_o tree_n take_v up_o more_o room_n than_o other_o as_o most_o appletree_n more_o than_o pear-tree_n and_o some_o appletree_n more_o than_o other_o according_a to_o their_o aptness_n to_o grow_v more_o or_o less_o too_o tedious_a and_o difficult_a to_o be_v here_o relate_v only_o the_o red-streak_a be_v general_o a_o desire_a fruit_n you_o may_v take_v notice_n that_o it_o be_v one_o of_o the_o least_o appletree_n where_o it_o yield_v the_o best_a cider_n sometime_o it_o be_v almost_o but_o a_o shrub_n the_o winter_n pear-main_a golden-renating_a and_o john-apple_n be_v tree_n that_o spread_v not_o much_o but_o the_o gregory-pippin_n a_o fruit-tree_n in_o lancashire_n be_v a_o mighty_a spreader_n even_o on_o course_n land_n grow_v well_o and_o quick_o and_o be_v a_o excellent_a fruit_n for_o any_o use_n and_o thâ—_n tree_n great_a bearer_n and_o the_o fruit_n will_v easy_o keep_v until_o the_o follow_a may._n §_o 2_o as_o to_o the_o distance_n wall-fruit-tree_n be_v to_o be_v set_v at_o wall-tree_n distance_n of_o wall-tree_n where_o they_o be_v to_o grow_v you_o may_v learn_v that_o best_a by_o consider_v their_o aptness_n to_o spread_v apricock_n and_o some_o other_o kind_n of_o plum_n spread_v most_o the_o may_v cherryâ—_n and_o some_o other_o be_v of_o a_o very_a small_a growth_n it_o be_v impossible_a to_o give_v rule_n for_o all_o but_o the_o general_a distance_n be_v about_o four_o yard_n asunder_o distance_n cherry_n and_o coddle_v hedge_n distance_n §_o 3._o of_o late_a time_n it_o be_v use_v to_o make_v cherry-hedge_n in_o garden_n and_o orchard_n and_o hedge_n of_o codling_n nurs-garden_n plum_n and_o such_o like_a tree_n that_o may_v be_v keep_v by_o cut_v and_o plaish_v one_o branch_n within_o another_o and_o from_o grow_v very_o large_a these_o be_v usual_o make_v along_o the_o side_n of_o walk_n or_o round_o about_o a_o garden-plot_n and_o be_v ornamental_a to_o a_o garden_n be_v order_v and_o keep_v handsome_o tree_n for_o these_o purpose_n be_v to_o be_v set_v about_o a_o yard_n or_o a_o ell_n asunder_o for_o they_o shall_v near_o meet_v
the_o first_o year_n and_o shall_v be_v thus_o order_v viz._n stretch_v a_o line_n from_o one_o end_n to_o the_o other_o where_o the_o hedge_n be_v to_o be_v make_v and_o set_v the_o tree_n straight_o at_o the_o distance_n aforesaid_a afterward_o knock_v down_o a_o stake_n betwixt_o each_o tree_n then_o have_v straight_o long_a rod_n or_o pole_n of_o ash_n or_o the_o like_a tie_v a_o row_n of_o they_o from_o one_o end_n to_o the_o other_o about_o a_o foot_n from_o the_o ground_n fast_o to_o the_o stake_n with_o osier_n or_o such_o like_a or_o else_o nail_v they_o which_o be_v better_o and_o another_o row_n of_o rod_n a_o foot_n above_o they_o and_o so_o a_o three_o if_o need_v be_v according_a to_o the_o height_n of_o the_o young_a plant_n have_v thus_o do_v spread_v and_o tie_v the_o branch_n of_o the_o twig_n of_o the_o tree_n in_o order_n to_o the_o pole_n but_o not_o too_o hard_a and_o draw_v and_o fasten_v some_o of_o they_o down_o close_o to_o the_o ground_n that_o so_o there_o may_v be_v blossom_n and_o fruit_n from_o the_o bottom_n to_o the_o top_n which_o will_v be_v a_o beautiful_a sight_n in_o the_o spring_n and_o summer_n then_o after_o a_o few_o year_n the_o stake_n and_o pole_n may_v be_v take_v away_o and_o the_o branch_n plait_v and_o weave_v one_o within_o another_o from_o year_n to_o year_n and_o the_o superfluous_a one_o cut_v off_o tree_n reason_n for_o a_o large_a distance_n in_o set_v tree_n §_o 4._o for_o many_o respect_n tree_n ought_v to_o be_v plant_v at_o a_o large_a distance_n especial_o for_o the_o follow_a reason_n 1._o the_o plantation_n will_v be_v little_a annoyance_n to_o the_o land_n if_o either_o you_o set_v goosberry_n currens_fw-la raspberry_n strawberry_n or_o garden_n stuff_n in_o it_o sow_v corn_n on_o it_o while_o the_o tree_n be_v young_a or_o graze_v it_o when_o they_o be_v grow_v up_o 2._o whereas_o some_o say_v the_o more_o tree_n the_o more_o fruit_n that_o be_v absolute_o false_a for_o when_o they_o be_v set_v so_o 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every_o tree_n a_o cherrytree_n plum-tree_n or_o codling-tree_n which_o may_v grow_v up_o and_o bear_v with_o the_o other_o tree_n many_o year_n and_o never_o reach_v or_o prejudice_n they_o but_o will_v decay_v before_o the_o other_o be_v at_o full_a growth_n or_o you_o may_v set_v a_o young_a appletree_n or_o pear-tree_n betwixt_o every_o two_o of_o your_o standard_n that_o you_o set_v in_o the_o orchard_n and_o nurse_v it_o up_o with_o necessary_a dress_n and_o prune_v seven_o or_o eight_o year_n or_o less_o time_n to_o transplant_v into_o field_n or_o pasture-land_n where_o cattle_n feed_v whereby_o with_o little_a help_n it_o will_v not_o be_v in_o such_o danger_n of_o hurt_n from_o cattle_n as_o small_a one_o will_v and_o bear_v fruit_n soon_o after_o it_o be_v set_v and_o you_o can_v let_v they_o grow_v so_o long_o in_o your_o nursery_n without_o gall_v fret_a or_o hurt_v one_o another_o unless_o when_o you_o remove_v tree_n out_o of_o your_o nursery_n you_o take_v care_n to_o leave_v every_o other_o tree_n whereby_o they_o may_v have_v liberty_n to_o grow_v big_a and_o so_o more_o fit_a for_o your_o field_n as_o for_o standard_n cherry-tree_n plum-tree_n and_o the_o like_a six_o yard_n distance_n be_v the_o most_o convenient_a unless_o the_o ground_n be_v exceed_o rich_a and_o then_o a_o great_a distance_n as_o seven_o or_o eight_o yard_n asunder_o chap._n vii_o choice_n of_o ground_n for_o a_o orchard_n and_o the_o order_n it_o so_o far_o as_o it_o lie_v in_o one_o power_n to_o choose_v a_o plot_n of_o ground_n for_o a_o orchard_n let_v it_o be_v do_v with_o respect_n to_o the_o follow_a advantage_n §_o 1._o it_o shall_v lie_v convenient_o near_o he_o decline_v and_o lie_v open_a towards_o the_o south_n southeast_n or_o south-west_n and_o defend_v from_o the_o north_n north-east_n and_o northwest_o wind_n by_o building_n wood_n or_o high_a ground_n the_o land_n shall_v rather_o incline_v to_o dryness_n than_o moisture_n without_o spring_n the_o soil_n deep_a and_o a_o fat_a earth_n not_o a_o stiff_a cold_a clay_n or_o bind_v gravel_n nor_o a_o light_n sandy_a esky_a or_o hollow_a earth_n yet_o with_o good_a husbandry_n if_o it_o run_v not_o into_o the_o extreme_n of_o any_o of_o these_o fruit-tree_n may_v prosper_v reasonable_o well_o in_o it_o §_o 2._o the_o natural_a soil_n for_o a_o orchard_n be_v more_o to_o be_v respect_v than_o a_o garden_n for_o the_o garden_n fruit-tree_n and_o what_o else_o grow_v there_o root_v little_o deep_o than_o it_o may_v be_v easy_o manure_v but_o pear-tree_n and_o appletree_n in_o orchard_n shall_v grow_v to_o be_v large_a tree_n and_o therefore_o send_v forth_o root_n broad_a and_o deep_a so_o that_o it_o transcend_v all_o cost_n and_o pain_n to_o enrich_v the_o ground_n for_o they_o as_o far_o as_o the_o root_n every_o way_n reach_v §_o 3._o but_o they_o that_o be_v seat_v or_o fix_v in_o any_o place_n and_o can_v convenient_o change_v their_o habitation_n must_v be_v content_a with_o their_o own_o and_o if_o any_o defect_n or_o disadvantage_n be_v in_o it_o it_o may_v be_v it_o have_v some_o advantage_n that_o another_o want_n if_o it_o lie_v to_o the_o north_n the_o tree_n bud_n and_o blossom_n the_o late_a and_o many_o time_n the_o fruit_n thereby_o succeed_v the_o better_a and_o be_v free_a from_o the_o injurious_a south-wind_n in_o the_o autumnal_a season_n §_o 4._o if_o it_o lie_v to_o the_o east_n it_o have_v not_o only_o the_o advantage_n of_o be_v late_a bud_v and_o blow_v because_o of_o the_o cold_a easterly_a wind_n in_o the_o spring_n but_o the_o fruit_n ripen_v the_o better_a the_o morning_n sun_n in_o the_o summer_n be_v by_o much_o the_o best_a and_o the_o fruit_n free_v from_o the_o western_a wind_n which_o with_o the_o south_n be_v the_o worst_a §_o 5._o if_o your_o land_n be_v on_o a_o dry_a or_o rise_a ground_n you_o may_v plant_v they_o the_o thick_a which_o will_v cover_v and_o shade_v the_o ground_n the_o soon_o and_o make_v they_o bear_v the_o better_a the_o fruit_n will_v also_o yield_v a_o more_o vinous_a liquor_n §_o 6._o if_o your_o ground_n lie_v in_o a_o cold_a moist_a vale_n the_o soon_o may_v you_o raise_v a_o natural_a fence_n about_o it_o to_o defend_v your_o tree_n from_o cold_a wind_n and_o stiff_a gust_n which_o diverse_o annoy_v your_o tree_n and_o fruit_n and_o i_o once_o know_v a_o person_n that_o have_v a_o cold_a moist_a flat_a springey_a plot_n of_o ground_n who_o cause_v double_a ditch_n to_o be_v make_v therein_o at_o ten_o yard_n distance_n each_o from_o other_o and_o about_o a_o ell_n high_a upon_o these_o ditch_n he_o plant_v appletree_n each_o ten_o yard_n distant_a from_o another_o which_o tree_n do_v grow_v prosper_v and_o bear_v exceed_v well_o §_o 7._o but_o if_o you_o have_v liberty_n to_o choose_v what_o land_n you_o will_v for_o plant_v of_o fruit-tree_n observe_v the_o direction_n give_v in_o the_o first_o section_n of_o this_o chap._n and_o choose_v a_o warm_a light_a rye-land_n or_o either_o a_o black_a or_o brown_a mould_n if_o with_o a_o mixture_n of_o sand_n so_o much_o the_o better_a but_o the_o heavy_a cold_a and_o moist_a wheatland_n be_v not_o so_o good_a §_o 8._o if_o the_o ground_n be_v very_o light_a and_o rich_a of_o it_o self_n or_o so_o make_v by_o improvement_n several_a sort_n of_o appletree_n especial_o the_o pippin_n will_v be_v so_o apt_a to_o canker_n that_o they_o will_v scarce_o ever_o be_v large_a tree_n therefore_o a_o firm_a and_o strong_a land_n be_v best_o for_o winter_n or_o long_a last_a fruit_n but_o for_o summer-fruit_n land_n can_v be_v too_o light_a the_o more_o it_o incline_v to_o redness_n the_o better_a ground_n how_o to_o qualify_v the_o ground_n §_o 9_o if_o
the_o land_n you_o intend_v for_o it_o be_v a_o turf_n or_o green-sward_a you_o ought_v to_o plough_v it_o two_o year_n before_o you_o set_v your_o tree_n in_o it_o to_o make_v it_o mellow_a and_o loose_a that_o the_o tree_n may_v be_v better_o take_v root_n and_o you_o may_v then_o lay_v on_o manure_n which_o by_o plough_v will_v be_v well_o mix_v with_o the_o natural_a soil_n and_o use_v such_o manure_n as_o will_v best_o suit_v to_o amend_v it_o and_o if_o you_o sow_v the_o ground_n about_o ten_o day_n after_o the_o midsummur_n before_o you_o plant_v with_o turnip_n and_o when_o they_o be_v get_v off_o which_o will_v be_v about_o november_n if_o you_o please_v then_o set_v your_o tree_n they_o will_v like_v well_o §_o 10._o where_o the_o natural_a soil_n be_v not_o good_a of_o itself_o whether_o it_o be_v in_o garden_n orchard_n or_o field_n there_o it_o ought_v to_o be_v by_o skill_n assist_v and_o better_v at_o least_o wise_a for_o such_o a_o compass_n as_o the_o root_n of_o every_o tree_n take_v up_o for_o some_o time_n if_o not_o so_o far_o round_o as_o they_o be_v ever_o like_a to_o extend_v themselves_o and_o this_o must_v be_v do_v by_o mix_v such_o manure_n with_o the_o soil_n as_o suit_n best_o with_o its_o temper_n if_o the_o soil_n be_v clay_n or_o clay_n mix_v with_o gravel_n or_o wet_a heavy_a land_n hot_a dung_n as_o that_o of_o horse_n or_o poultry_n or_o for_o want_n of_o that_o of_o ox_n or_o cow_n be_v best_a to_o mix_v with_o it_o to_o bring_v it_o to_o a_o due_a temperament_n and_o if_o the_o soil_n be_v light_n hollow_a esky_a or_o sandy_a land_n marle_n mud_n out_o of_o a_o pond_n ditch_n or_o river_n or_o shoveling_n of_o dirty_a yard_n or_o highway_n if_o they_o be_v not_o sandy_a and_o be_v well_o mellow_v by_o lie_v on_o heap_n and_o especial_o if_o those_o heap_n be_v mix_v with_o lime_n be_v proper_a to_o mend_v it_o if_o this_o last_o soil_n be_v barren_a likewise_o you_o may_v proper_o add_v a_o mixture_n of_o neat_n dung._n it_o have_v be_v see_v that_o a_o appletree_n on_o a_o hemp-but_a which_o be_v constant_o plough_v and_o manure_v to_o a_o great_a richness_n bear_v more_o apple_n than_o four_o such_o tree_n in_o a_o orchard_n will_v do_v and_o it_o be_v constant_o see_v in_o barren_a hungry_a land_n tree_n thrive_v poor_o grow_v mossey_n or_o bark-bound_a bear_v seldom_o and_o that_o a_o poor_a fruit_n only_a walnut-tree_n and_o pear-tree_n do_v not_o necessary_o require_v a_o very_a rich_a ground_n and_o will_v prosper_v best_a on_o stony_n and_o light_a land_n if_o your_o land_n be_v too_o rich_a which_o be_v seldom_o see_v you_o may_v mix_v coal-ash_n with_o it_o order_n moist_a land_n to_o order_n §_o 11._o if_o your_o land_n be_v very_o flat_a that_o wet_a be_v apt_a to_o stand_v upon_o it_o or_o be_v a_o shallow_a soil_n you_o may_v something_o help_v it_o in_o plough_v also_o by_o gather_v the_o land_n always_o up_o in_o and_o near_o the_o place_n where_o you_o intend_v the_o row_v of_o tree_n shall_v afterward_o stand_v which_o in_o two_o year_n time_n will_v something_o raise_v it_o and_o thicken_v the_o soil_n and_o the_o furrow_n so_o make_v will_v help_v to_o carry_v off_o the_o water_n or_o which_o be_v better_o raise_v the_o land_n on_o broad_a ridge_n that_o the_o middle_n of_o they_o may_v be_v about_o 24_o or_o 30_o foot_n distance_n according_a as_o you_o intend_v to_o plant_v your_o tree_n let_v the_o interval_n between_o the_o ridge_n be_v about_o eight_o foot_n broad_a and_o the_o earth_n take_v up_o between_o about_o a_o foot_n deep_a and_o cast_v on_o the_o ridge_n which_o will_v make_v the_o ground_n thick_a of_o the_o best_a soil_n than_o before_o it_o be_v that_o the_o root_n of_o the_o tree_n you_o plant_v on_o the_o ridge_n can_v run_v down_o nor_o spread_v into_o the_o bad_a soil_n which_o otherwise_o it_o will_v do_v by_o this_o mean_v the_o tree_n will_v thrive_v and_o prosper_v well_o as_o may_v be_v perceive_v on_o the_o bank_n of_o some_o land_n and_o the_o hedge_n that_o appletree_n will_v thrive_v better_o there_o than_o on_o the_o level-land_n order_n moist_a land_n to_o order_n §_o 12._o if_o it_o be_v a_o springey_n moist_a or_o spewy_a land_n you_o must_v trench_v it_o at_o the_o head_n of_o the_o spring_n and_o that_o deep_a than_o the_o channel_n of_o the_o spring_n run_v in_o the_o earth_n which_o you_o may_v leave_v open_a and_o yearly_o cleanse_v or_o fill_v it_o up_o with_o alder_n or_o oler-bough_n and_o cover_v they_o with_o the_o turf_n and_o earth_n that_o come_v forth_o much_o high_a than_o the_o other_o land_n for_o the_o wood_n and_o loose_a earth_n will_v sink_v very_o much_o by_o degree_n or_o you_o may_v dig_v several_a narrow_a trench_n one_o between_o each_o row_n of_o tree_n descend_v to_o some_o ditch_n at_o the_o low_a end_n of_o your_o ground_n and_o lay_v in_o the_o bottom_n of_o it_o alder-frith_n or_o faggot_n of_o beech_n and_o fill_v the_o trench_n again_o on_o the_o say_v frith_n or_o faggot_n with_o earth_n as_o aforesaid_a and_o the_o water_n will_v insinuate_o pass_v through_o the_o say_a wood_n to_o the_o low_a side_n of_o the_o ground_n leave_v the_o rest_n dryer_n but_o if_o you_o can_v easy_o do_v this_o order_z it_o as_o at_o the_o forego_n section_n §_o 13._o if_o it_o be_v springey_n but_o only_o lie_v so_o low_a and_o flat_a that_o in_o the_o winter_n rain_n or_o land-flood_n will_v lie_v upon_o it_o and_o that_o it_o have_v be_v late_o plough_v or_o that_o you_o will_v not_o lose_v two_o year_n time_n by_o plough_v it_o before_o you_o set_v your_o tree_n or_o if_o it_o be_v shallow_a or_o ebb_a soil_n you_o may_v set_v your_o tree_n by_o tump_v order_n hot_a dry_a land_n to_o order_n §_o 14._o if_o your_o ground_n be_v a_o hot_a dry_a sandy_a shallow_a land_n marle_n lay_v on_o the_o surface_n and_o there_o spread_v will_v cool_v sadden_fw-mi and_o make_v it_o rich_a or_o if_o you_o can_v cause_v the_o current_n of_o some_o rill_n of_o water_n or_o rather_o water_n that_o run_v from_o pool_n pond_n or_o dunghill_n to_o over_o flow_v it_o sometime_o which_o will_v not_o only_o moisten_v but_o make_v the_o ground_n fertile_a also_o and_o the_o tree_n prosper_v well_o fern_n or_o any_o other_o vegetable_n nay_o stone_n cover_v such_o land_n will_v preserve_v it_o cool_a and_o moist_a order_n gravelly-ground_n to_o order_n §_o 15._o gravel-ground_n be_v as_o bad_a as_o any_o because_o a_o tree_n in_o they_o can_v root_n to_o any_o great_a bigness_n and_o if_o muck_n or_o other_o soil_n be_v lay_v to_o the_o root_n of_o tree_n in_o such_o land_n the_o gravel_n will_v in_o a_o few_o year_n eat_v it_o up_o and_o convert_v it_o unto_o its_o own_o nature_n but_o if_o a_o little_a stony_n a_o mixture_n of_o mould_n among_o the_o stone_n and_o at_o the_o dig_v to_o pick_v our_o the_o large_a stone_n than_o tree_n will_v root_n indifferent_a well_o in_o such_o ground_n land_n overflown_a land_n §_o 16._o if_o land_n be_v subject_a to_o be_v overflow_v by_o the_o inundation_n of_o river_n or_o other_o fall_v of_o water_n so_o as_o the_o water_n stand_v not_o too_o long_o upon_o it_o nor_o the_o land_n be_v of_o a_o stiff_a cold_a nature_n it_o be_v very_o good_a for_o fruit-tree_n ground_n of_o uneven_a ground_n §_o 17._o if_o there_o be_v any_o unevenness_n in_o the_o land_n some_o direct_a to_o level_v it_o by_o carry_v the_o bank_n into_o the_o low_a place_n but_o this_o will_v not_o only_o be_v very_o chargeable_a but_o hurtful_a by_o make_v the_o high_a place_n too_o barren_a and_o the_o low_a ground_n too_o rich_a but_o that_o your_o tree_n may_v grow_v somewhat_o level_a in_o their_o top_n and_o not_o one_o overshade_v another_o and_o also_o appear_v comely_a you_o may_v forecast_v to_o set_v such_o tree_n as_o grow_v pendent_a or_o be_v not_o apt_a to_o grow_v tall_a tree_n on_o the_o high_a ground_n and_o such_o as_o be_v aspire_v in_o the_o low_a place_n orchard_n the_o fence_n and_o order_n of_o tree_n in_o a_o orchard_n §_o 18._o enclose_v your_o orchard_n with_o a_o good_a double_a ditch_n about_o four_o foot_n high_a and_o plant_v thereon_o two_o row_v of_o good_a hawthorn_n or_o whitethorn_n which_o will_v be_v a_o excellent_a fence_n by_o the_o time_n that_o the_o fruit-tree_n bear_v to_o keep_v out_o cattle_n from_o crop_v the_o tender_a twig_n of_o the_o fruit-tree_n and_o rub_v against_o their_o stem_n and_o unruly_a people_n from_o destroy_v the_o fruit._n good_a white-thorn_n be_v the_o best_a quick-fence_n for_o your_o orchard_n when_o it_o be_v grow_v up_o may_v be_v plaish_v the_o better_a to_o prevent_v hog_n or_o sheep_n for_o creep_v into_o
will_v grow_v by_o cut_n as_o of_o the_o gennet-moil_n kentish-codling_n and_o other_o that_o these_o be_v more_o proper_a for_o dwarf-tree_n than_o crabstocks_n appear_v 1._o because_o the_o fruit_n will_v be_v rather_o better_v and_o not_o taint_v with_o any_o asperity_n or_o roughness_n as_o possible_o it_o may_v be_v if_o crabstocks_n be_v make_v use_n of_o and_o one_o chief_a design_n in_o these_o tree_n be_v to_o have_v choice_n and_o delicious_a fruit_n for_o eat_v 2._o appletree_n that_o be_v raise_v on_o such_o stock_n will_v not_o grow_v so_o big_a as_o those_o on_o crabstock_n but_o be_v with_o ease_n and_o certainty_n keep_v dwarf_n mr._n rea_n judge_v the_o paradise-apple_n of_o somewhat_o slow_a growth_n in_o bring_v forward_o a_o cyen_n advise_v to_o graff_n a_o paradise_n on_o a_o crabstock_n and_o the_o fruit_n you_o will_v have_v on_o that_o paradise_n that_o the_o crab_n may_v yield_v plenty_n of_o juice_n or_o sap_n to_o the_o paradise_n and_o the_o paradise_n retard_v the_o growth_n of_o the_o apple_n plant_v on_o it_o so_o as_o to_o keep_v it_o a_o dwarf_n but_o beside_o loss_n of_o time_n the_o success_n of_o this_o be_v doubt_v because_o the_o crab_n will_v put_v forth_o strong_a root_n and_o yield_v plenty_n of_o nourishment_n for_o why_o appletree_n raise_v of_o cut_n grow_v not_o to_o be_v very_o large_a tree_n be_v their_o put_v forth_o such_o small_a root_n by_o which_o mean_v the_o tree_n have_v sap_n convey_v to_o it_o according_o 3._o by_o use_v these_o cut_n for_o stock_n you_o shall_v get_v at_o least_o four_o year_n time_n reckon_v from_o sow_v the_o crab-kernel_n and_o the_o set_v the_o stem_n or_o cutting_n be_v due_o consider_v as_o by_o set_v the_o stem_n in_o the_o place_n you_o intend_v the_o dwarf-tree_n shall_v grow_v and_o set_v it_o in_o good_a earth_n for_o then_o after_o one_o year_n growth_n you_o may_v graft_v it_o and_o you_o will_v easy_o discern_v the_o advantage_n in_o point_n of_o time_n if_o it_o be_v say_v crab-stock_n ready_a grow_v may_v be_v make_v use_n of_o instead_o of_o cut_n there_o be_v ready_o answer_v they_o must_v grow_v two_o if_o not_o three_o year_n after_o they_o be_v set_v before_o they_o be_v fit_a to_o graft_v and_o in_o respect_n of_o their_o large_a growth_n will_v not_o be_v fit_a for_o dwarf_n some_o nursery-man_n have_v make_v advantage_n to_o themselves_o by_o this_o speedy_a way_n of_o raise_v tree_n by_o cut_n but_o to_o the_o disadvantage_n of_o they_o they_o put_v they_o off_o to_o for_o plant_v in_o orchard_n because_o they_o be_v never_o like_a to_o make_v large_a or_o long-lasting-tree_n §_o 4._o the_o way_n then_o to_o provide_v stock_n for_o apple-dwarf_n be_v thus_o apple-dwarf_n how_o to_o provide_v stock_n for_o apple-dwarf_n in_o october_n from_o such_o tree_n who_o cut_n will_v grow_v take_v such_o stem_n or_o branch_n that_o grow_v straight_a and_o which_o in_o the_o place_n where_o they_o shall_v be_v graft_v be_v a_o inch_n or_o more_o thick_a 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set_v four_o or_o five_o foot_n distant_a from_o each_o other_o upon_o border_n or_o bed_n of_o rich_a moist_a land_n the_o season_n for_o plant_v they_o be_v from_o michaelmas_n to_o candlemas_n curran_n and_o raspberry_n will_v prosper_v and_o like_v very_o well_o in_o shady_a place_n and_o the_o cold_a the_o soil_n the_o better_a will_v raspberry_n bear_v and_o thrive_v raspberry_n usual_o bear_v the_o same_o year_n they_o be_v set_v if_o drought_n or_o too_o late_o plant_v hinder_v not_o and_o that_o which_o bear_v this_o year_n die_v after_o bear_v and_o what_o spring_v new_a this_o year_n bear_v the_o next_o cut_v no_o more_o of_o they_o than_o what_o will_v make_v they_o a_o little_a handsome_a and_o in_o the_o winter_n cut_v or_o break_v out_o all_o the_o dead_a stalk_n from_o among_o the_o live_a raspberry_n when_o curran_n goosberry_n and_o barberry_n have_v grow_v some_o year_n suffer_v not_o too_o many_o sucker_n to_o grow_v about_o they_o nor_o cut_v the_o top_n to_o a_o round_a close_a bush_n as_o many_o gardiner_n do_v whereby_o they_o grow_v so_o thick_a that_o they_o neither_o bear_v nor_o ripen_v their_o fruit_n so_o well_o as_o if_o the_o grow_v tall_a and_o thin_a all_o the_o say_a fruit_n viz._n goosberry_n currant_n barberry_n and_o raspberry_n like_o well_o in_o shade_n though_o the_o fruit_n be_v not_o of_o so_o delicate_a a_o taste_n as_o those_o that_o grow_v in_o the_o sun_n you_o ought_v to_o keep_v the_o ground_n about_o they_o free_a from_o weed_n and_o other_o vegetable_n and_o to_o dig_v and_o well_o manure_v it_o each_o two_o year_n at_o michaelmas_n and_o yearly_a with_o a_o pair_n of_o shears_n about_o fourteen_o day_n before_o midsummer_n dub_v the_o top_n of_o curran_n and_o goosberry_n and_o they_o will_v bear_v better_o do_v the_o like_a at_o michaelmas_n chap._n xxii_o of_o the_o kind_n of_o peach_n and_o nectarin_n §_o 1._o the_o stone_n of_o peach_n produce_v tree_n that_o will_v bear_v peach_n sometime_o better_o than_o the_o peach_v out_o of_o which_o the_o stone_n be_v take_v although_o those_o peach_n grow_v upon_o a_o tree_n that_o be_v inoculate_v on_o a_o plum-stock_n and_o therefore_o some_o gardiner_n by_o set_v many_o stone_n of_o the_o newington-peach_n have_v find_v some_o among_o the_o tree_n come_v up_o from_o they_o to_o bear_v a_o fruit_n rather_o improve_v than_o worse_a and_o by_o give_v it_o a_o new_a name_n and_o inoculate_v from_o it_o have_v make_v good_a gain_n of_o it_o but_o this_o be_v not_o a_o practice_n for_o every_o private_a person_n because_o peach-tree_n so_o raise_v will_v be_v much_o long_o before_o they_o bear_v fruit_n than_o those_o which_o be_v inoculate_v and_o because_o he_o must_v run_v the_o hazard_n of_o fill_v great_a part_n of_o his_o wall_n with_o these_o peach-tree_n thus_o raise_v from_o stone_n and_o not_o one_o it_o may_v be_v in_o a_o hundred_o prove_v any_o thing_n extraordinary_a and_o the_o rest_n of_o no_o use_n unless_o for_o stock_n after_o he_o have_v wait_v several_a year_n to_o see_v what_o fruit_n they_o will_v bear_v §_o 2._o of_o peach_n the_o first_o and_o soon_a ripe_a be_v the_o white_a nutmeg_n next_o that_o be_v the_o red_a nutmeg_n next_o to_o that_o be_v the_o troy_n which_o be_v ripe_a almost_o as_o soon_o and_o a_o better_a fruit_n next_o ripe_a be_v the_o isabel_n savoy_n early_n newigton_n bordeaux_n old_a newington_n violet_n muscat_n persian_n modenae_fw-la morello_n rumbullian_n scarlet_a bellice_n royal_a ricket_n bloody_a mounsieur_fw-fr one_o of_o the_o late_a and_o red_a within_o and_o without_o and_o a_o excellent_a fruit._n peach_n these_o be_v account_v excellent_a kind_n of_o peach_n and_o there_o be_v many_o other_o good_a sort_n beside_o these_o and_o so_o there_o be_v of_o apple_n pear_n etc._n etc._n more_o than_o be_v mention_v in_o this_o book_n or_o be_v necessary_a to_o trouble_v the_o reader_n with_o some_o choice_a fruit_n of_o every_o kind_n be_v here_o nominate_v for_o every_o one_o to_o please_v his_o fancy_n with_o or_o store_v himself_o with_o they_o or_o other_o as_o he_o approve_v they_o or_o have_v convenience_n so_o to_o do_v the_o best_a nectarine_n be_v nectarins_n nectarins_n the_o red_a roman_a murry_n tawny_a paper_n white_a nectarin_n there_o be_v other_o though_o worse_o sort_v as_o the_o yellow_a paint_a russet_a red_a nectarine_n the_o algiers_n nectarine_n be_v commend_v by_o some_o because_o it_o part_v easy_o from_o the_o stone_n chap._n xxiii_o of_o the_o kind_n of_o apricok_n and_o strawberry_n apricok_n so_o call_v from_o apricus_fw-la delight_v in_o the_o sun_n be_v a_o kind_n of_o plum_n but_o far_o exceed_v other_o in_o every_o respect_n the_o algiers_n apricock_n be_v early_o ripe_a and_o in_o june_n it_o be_v a_o small_a round_a and_o yellow_a fruit._n the_o masculine_a apricock_n be_v a_o better_a and_o early_a fruit_n
the_o tree_n or_o by_o take_v they_o with_o bird-lime_n crow_n will_v be_v fright_v if_o you_o kill_v one_o or_o two_o of_o they_o and_o pull_v it_o in_o piece_n and_o scatter_v the_o piece_n about_o the_o tree_n they_o will_v not_o come_v their_o again_z whilst_o the_o feather_n be_v any_o thing_n fresh_a but_o magpie_n jackdaw_n jay_n be_v not_o to_o be_v fright_v from_o your_o cherry_n but_o kill_v as_o they_o come_v with_o a_o gun_n and_o that_o early_a in_o the_o morning_n earwiggs_n earwiggs_n §_o 15._o earwig_n be_v destroy_v by_o set_v oxhoof_n cane_n or_o any_o hollow_a thing_n near_o the_o root_n of_o the_o tree_n and_o among_o the_o bough_n upon_o the_o end_n of_o stick_n and_o they_o will_v creep_v in_o and_o lie_v there_o then_o take_v off_o these_o hoof_n quick_o and_o shake_v they_o and_o crush_v they_o on_o the_o ground_n with_o your_o foot_n cattle_n cattle_n §_o 16._o cattle_n wheresoever_o they_o come_v among_o tree_n be_v a_o mighty_a and_o mischievous_a enemy_n if_o the_o bough_n be_v within_o their_o reach_n for_o then_o they_o will_v bite_v off_o the_o end_n of_o all_o and_o thereby_o with_o their_o tooth_n so_o bruise_v the_o end_n of_o the_o bough_n and_o shoot_v that_o the_o tree_n seldom_n thrive_v of_o many_o year_n if_o ever_o afterward_o where_o this_o misfortune_n happen_v to_o any_o tree_n the_o only_a remedy_n be_v to_o cut_v off_o at_o some_o sprig_n or_o bud_n so_o much_o as_o they_o have_v have_v in_o their_o mouth_n or_o be_v bruise_v by_o their_o tooth_n and_o fence_v your_o orchard_n well_o from_o they_o or_o else_o which_o be_v the_o sure_a way_n not_o to_o let_v your_o tree_n begin_v to_o spread_v before_o they_o be_v six_o or_o seven_o foot_n high_a of_o the_o trunk_n or_o body_n and_o so_o prune_v up_o that_o all_o the_o bough_n and_o every_o part_n of_o they_o be_v so_o far_o from_o the_o ground_n as_o will_v be_v impossible_a for_o cattle_n to_o reach_v deep_a set_v too_o deep_a §_o 17._o although_o the_o set_a tree_n too_o deep_a and_o below_o the_o good_a soil_n be_v no_o disease_n yet_o it_o be_v the_o cause_n of_o many_o disease_n to_o your_o fruit-tree_n as_o moss_n barkbound_n canker_n etc._n etc._n therefore_o careful_o to_o be_v avoid_v set_v shallow_a be_v attend_v with_o no_o other_o inconvenience_n but_o that_o the_o tree_n be_v sometime_o blow_v down_o if_o not_o stake_v the_o first_o two_o year_n chap._n xxix_o of_o gather_v fruit_n and_o the_o best_a way_n of_o make_v cider_n §_o 1._o in_o gather_v of_o fruit_n be_v careful_a that_o the_o branch_n of_o your_o tree_n be_v not_o batter_v and_o break_v §_o 2._o such_o as_o you_o design_v to_o keep_v any_o time_n ought_v not_o to_o be_v shake_v off_o the_o tree_n because_o of_o bruise_v but_o pick_v off_o with_o your_o hand_n be_v sure_o the_o fruit_n you_o gather_v be_v thorough_o ripe_a which_o you_o may_v know_v by_o its_o beginning_n to_o drop_v or_o by_o cut_v a_o apple_n and_o see_v the_o kernel_n turn_v black_a let_v the_o wether_n be_v fair_a and_o dry_a when_o you_o gather_v and_o no_o dew_n upon_o the_o tree_n lay_v up_o what_o you_o thus_o gather_v in_o a_o close_a but_o a_o sweet_a room_n upon_o a_o board_v but_o not_o with_o deal_n floor_n and_o not_o on_o a_o clay_n or_o plaster_v floor_n and_o lay_v they_o up_o without_o any_o green_a leave_n or_o stick_v among_o they_o as_o you_o find_v any_o in_o your_o heap_n rot_v pick_v they_o out_o and_o in_o frost_n cover_v they_o with_o straw_n or_o straw_n mat_n and_o also_o hang_v in_o sharp_a frost_n blanket_n before_o the_o window_n to_o keep_v out_o the_o frost_n lay_v every_o kind_n by_o themselves_o if_o you_o have_v some_o pear_n that_o be_v choice_n and_o last_a wrap_v they_o up_o in_o paper_n and_o lay_v they_o one_o by_o one_o upon_o shelf_n or_o hang_v they_o up_o by_o the_o stalk_n and_o keep_v out_o the_o air_n from_o they_o as_o much_o as_o you_o can_v §_o 3._o in_o gather_v cider_n fruit_n you_o must_v be_v sure_a to_o let_v they_o be_v well_o ripe_a on_o the_o tree_n mill._n gather_v of_o cider_n fruit_n and_o prepare_v it_o for_o the_o mill._n for_o there_o be_v much_o cider_n spoil_v because_o the_o apple_n be_v ground_n before_o they_o be_v ripe_a and_o all_o fruit_n yield_v a_o different_a liquor_n according_a to_o the_o different_a degree_n of_o maturity_n of_o the_o same_o fruit_n for_o when_o it_o be_v most_o ripe_a it_o yield_v a_o rich_a pleasant_a and_o more_o last_a drink_n but_o if_o press_v before_o ripe_a though_o it_o yield_v a_o great_a quantity_n yet_o it_o be_v but_o a_o thin_a raw_a crude_a sour_a phlegmatic_a and_o unwholesome_a drink_n therefore_o if_o your_o fruit_n be_v not_o ripe_a all_o at_o one_o time_n select_v such_o sort_n as_o be_v of_o a_o like_a degree_n of_o maturity_n or_o if_o the_o wind_n beat_v down_o many_o and_o you_o be_v unwilling_a to_o spoil_v or_o lose_v they_o let_v they_o lie_v dry_a as_o long_o as_o you_o can_v before_o you_o grind_v they_o to_o obtain_v as_o great_a a_o degree_n of_o ripeness_n as_o they_o can_v and_o let_v that_o cider_n be_v thorough_o ferment_v before_o barreled_a and_o the_o first_o that_o be_v spend_v neither_o mix_v ripe_a with_o unripe_a fruit_n not_o aught_o you_o to_o permit_v some_o sort_n of_o fruit_n be_v too_o ripe_a because_o it_o then_o grow_v pulpy_a in_o grind_v and_o will_v not_o yield_v its_o liquor_n unless_o some_o water_n be_v mix_v therewith_o your_o choice_a summer_n fruit_n be_v some_o of_o they_o as_o also_o the_o pippin_n and_o renating_n subject_a to_o pulpiness_n if_o full_a ripe_a lay_v such_o fruit_n by_o themselves_o to_o be_v ground_n and_o press_v for_o cyderkin_n that_o be_v break_v but_o a_o small_a bruise_n do_v not_o much_o injury_n your_o apple_n be_v well_o ripe_a let_v they_o be_v gentle_o shake_v down_o and_o lay_v out_o of_o the_o sun_n and_o rain_n not_o abroad_o but_o in_o a_o heap_n upon_o a_o sweet_a and_o dry_a floor_n that_o be_v board_v but_o not_o with_o deal_v nor_o on_o a_o plaisterd_a floor_n and_o on_o dry_a rye_n wheat_n or_o oaten_a straw_n till_o they_o have_v sweat_v out_o and_o digest_v their_o crude_a and_o phlegmatic_a humour_n and_o there_o let_v they_o so_o lie_v a_o fortnight_n the_o redstreak_n and_o hard_a apple_n you_o may_v let_v lie_v long_o that_o be_v three_o weak_n or_o a_o month_n the_o long_o they_o lie_v the_o less_o cider_n indeed_o they_o will_v yield_v but_o much_o the_o better_a it_o be_v necessary_a to_o have_v they_o as_o ripe_a as_o may_v be_v so_o that_o too_o many_o of_o they_o begin_v not_o to_o rot_v which_o rot_v once_o be_v to_o be_v pick_v out_o grind_v not_o your_o apple_n immediate_o from_o the_o tree_n so_o soon_o as_o they_o be_v thorough_o ripe_a though_o they_o will_v then_o yield_v the_o great_a quantity_n of_o liquor_n but_o neither_o pleasant_a nor_o last_v therefore_o let_v they_o lie_v on_o heap_n as_o aforesaid_a by_o hoard_v only_o of_o windfall_n for_o some_o time_n or_o until_o the_o time_n it_o be_v expect_v they_o shall_v have_v be_v ripe_a in_o do_v very_o much_o meliorate_v the_o cider_n make_v of_o they_o which_o otherwise_o may_v have_v be_v very_o bad_a for_o from_o the_o due_a time_n place_n and_o manner_n of_o hoard_v of_o the_o fruit_n be_v oftentimes_o the_o cider_n very_o good_a which_o otherwise_o may_v have_v be_v very_o bad_a thus_o when_o your_o fruit_n be_v due_o ripe_a gather_v preserve_v or_o hoard_v some_o time_n it_o be_v ready_a for_o the_o mill._n when_o you_o bring_v your_o apple_n to_o the_o mill_n or_o just_o before_o you_o fill_v they_o up_o pick_v out_o or_o cast_v by_o all_o that_o be_v green_a unripe_a rot_a or_o otherwise_o naught_o and_o all_o stalk_n leave_n etc._n etc._n that_o may_v injure_v your_o cider_n for_o it_o be_v better_a to_o want_v a_o small_a quantity_n of_o liquor_n than_o to_o spoil_v the_o whole_a some_o be_v of_o opinion_n that_o rottenness_n in_o the_o apple_n injure_v not_o the_o cider_n but_o that_o a_o convenient_a quantity_n of_o rot_a apple_n mix_v with_o the_o sound_n be_v a_o great_a help_n to_o the_o fermentation_n and_o clarification_n of_o the_o cider_n but_o it_o be_v suppose_v they_o mean_v such_o apple_n only_o as_o have_v be_v bruise_v in_o gather_v shake_v down_o or_o carry_v which_o will_v by_o lie_v become_v rot_v and_o the_o skin_n be_v whole_a be_v not_o much_o the_o worse_o only_o the_o cider_n will_v retain_v a_o smack_n of_o they_o notwithstanding_o which_o by_o no_o mean_n admit_v they_o among_o your_o cider_n that_o you_o intend_v for_o keep_v but_o rather_o make_v cider_n of_o they_o for_o a_o more_o early_o spend_v for_o other_o affirm_v that_o one_o rot_a
broad_a but_o leave_v two_o foot_n interval_n then_o harrow_n or_o rake_v it_o well_o then_o spread_v rot_a dung_n thereon_o on_o the_o top_n whereof_o lie_v potato_n set_v than_o shovel_n up_o the_o earth_n in_o the_o interval_n and_o cover_v the_o set_v two_o or_o three_o inch_n thick_a most_o sort_n of_o salad_n pot_n and_o sweet_a herb_n may_v be_v sow_o from_o the_o first_o of_o march_n to_o the_o end_n of_o july_n and_o most_n sort_n of_o set_a herb_n may_v be_v remove_v slip_v and_o part_v the_o same_o time_n april_n plant_v artichock_n slip_v set_v great_a bean_n and_o sow_v carrot_n if_o the_o spring_n be_v not_o forward_o you_o may_v yet_o graft_v apple_n in_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o month._n gather_v worm_n snail_n after_o evening_n shower_n and_o after_o all_o the_o summer_n rains_n and_o destroy_v caterpillare_v web_n and_o smoke_n caterpillar_n and_o black_a fly_n from_o your_o tree_n mow_fw-mi carpet_n walk_v weed_n your_o currant_n goosberry_n etc._n etc._n from_o the_o beginning_n to_o the_o middle_n set_v potato_n but_o not_o among_o fruit-tree_n you_o may_v yet_o slip_v lavender_n thyme_n rosemary_n etc._n etc._n towards_o the_o middle_n begin_v to_o plant_v forth_o your_o melon_n cucumber_n and_o so_o to_o the_o late_a end_n your_o ridge_n well_o prepare_v sow_n sweet_a majoran_n hyssop_n basil_n winter_n savory_n scurvygrass_n lettuce_n purslane_n coliflower_n radish_n thyme_n and_o all_o fine_a and_o tender_a seed_n clip_v shrub_n after_o shower_n may._n continued_a your_o weed_n before_o they_o run_v to_o seed_n and_o with_o sheers_n top_n your_o currant_n and_o goosberry_n sow_n sweet_a majoran_n basil_n thyme_n hot_a and_o aromatic_a herb_n and_o plant_n which_o be_v most_o tender_a sow_v purslane_n to_o have_v young_a lettuce_n large_o side_v cabbage_n paint_a bean_n look_v to_o your_o melon_n and_o towards_o the_o end_n of_o the_o month_n forbear_v any_o long_a to_o cover_v they_o june_n sow_v lettuce_n chervil_n radish_n etc._n etc._n to_o have_v young_a and_o tender_a sallete_n spinage_n cleanse_v vine_n of_o exuberant_a branch_n crop_v not_o cut_v and_o shop_a the_o joint_n immediate_o before_o they_o blossom_n and_o some_o of_o the_o under_o branch_n that_o bear_v no_o fruit_n especial_o in_o young_a vineyard_n when_o they_o first_o begin_v to_o bear_v and_o thence_o forward_o gather_v herb_n in_o the_o full_a to_o keep_v dry_a they_o keep_v and_o retain_v their_o virtue_n and_o sweet_a smell_n better_o dry_v in_o the_o sun_n than_o shade_n whatever_o some_o pretend_v about_o a_o fortnight_n before_o and_o as_o much_o after_o midsummer_n be_v the_o chief_a and_o best_a time_n to_o inoculate_v peach_n apricock_n cherry_n plum_n pear_n nectarin_n and_o apple_n water_n late_o plant_v tree_n and_o put_v moist_a and_o half_a rot_a fearn_n weed_n and_o vegatable_n about_o the_o foot_n of_o their_o stem_n continue_v weed_n and_o gather_v snail_n after_o rain_n unbind_v those_o graft_n you_o bind_v about_o 14_o 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and_o shoot_v of_o this_o second_o spring_n but_o leave_v some_o leave_n to_o screen_n the_o fruit_n from_o the_o sun_n furnish_v and_o nail_v what_o you_o will_v spare_v to_o cover_v the_o defect_n of_o your_o wall_n pull_v up_o the_o sucker_n sow_v radish_n tender_a cabbage_n colleflower_v for_o winter_n plant_n corn-sallet_n marigold_n lettuce_n carrot_n parsnip_n turnip_n spinage_n onion_n also_o curl_a endive_n angelica_n scurvygrass_n etc._n etc._n pull_v up_o ripe_a onion_n and_o garlic_n etc._n etc._n towards_o the_o end_n sow_v purslan_n chard_n beet_n chervil_n etc._n etc._n transplant_v such_o lettuce_n as_o you_o will_v have_v abide_v all_o winter_n gather_v your_o olitory_n seed_n and_o clip_v and_o cut_v all_o such_o herb_n and_o plant_n within_o one_o handful_n of_o the_o ground_n before_o the_o full_a unbind_v and_o release_v the_o bud_n you_o inoculate_v gather_v your_o windfal_n apple_n from_o day_n to_o day_n if_o the_o wether_n be_v dry_a make_v summer_n perry_n and_o cider_n september_n gather_v now_o if_o ripe_a your_o winter-fruit_n as_o plum_n pear_n apple_n etc._n etc._n to_o prevent_v their_o fall_n by_o great_a wind_n also_o in_o dry_a wether_n gather_v windfalls_a from_o day_n to_o day_n sow_v lettuce_n radish_n spinage_n parsnip_n skirret_n colleflower_n cabbage_n onion_n scurvygrass_n anniseed_n and_o winter_n herb_n now_o you_o may_v transplant_v most_o sort_n of_o esculent_n and_o physical_a plant_n artichoke_n and_o asparagus_a root_n sow_v winter_n herb_n and_o root_n and_o plant_v strawberry_n out_o of_o the_o wood_n towards_o the_o end_n earth_n up_o your_o winter_n plant_n and_o salad_n herb_n and_o plant_v forth_o your_o colleflower_n and_o cabbage_n sow_o in_o august_n with_o a_o pair_n of_o sheers_n top_n curran_n and_o goosberry_n dig_v about_o manure_n and_o mould_n up_o their_o root_n towards_o the_o end_n make_v perry_n and_o cider_n october_n trench_n dig_n and_o manure_v ground_n for_o orchade_v and_o kitchin_n garden_n to_o lie_v for_o a_o winter_n mellow_n plant_v and_o set_v fruit-tree_n of_o all_o sort_n standard_n mural_a or_o shrub_n which_o lose_v their_o leaf_n and_o that_o as_o soon_o as_o it_o fall_v choose_v no_o tree_n for_o the_o wall_n above_o two_o year_n graft_v at_o most_o now_o be_v the_o time_n for_o lay_v bare_a old_a unthrive_a or_o overhasty_a bloom_a tree_n the_o moon_n decrease_v gather_v the_o remain_a winter-fruit_n in_o dry_a wether_n lay_v they_o up_o clean_o lest_o they_o taint_v plant_v and_o plash_n quicksets_a sow_v all_o stoney_n and_o hard_a kernel_n and_o seed_n such_o as_o cherry_n pear_n plum_n peach_n almond-stone_n etc._n etc._n also_o all_o sort_n of_o nut_n haw_n ashen_n sycamore_n and_o mapple-key_n acorn_n beech-mast_n apple_n pear_n and_o crab-kernel_n for_o stock_n or_o you_o may_v defer_v it_o till_o towards_o the_o late_a end_n of_o the_o next_o month._n keep_v your_o stone_n and_o nut_n in_o sand_n till_o set_v yet_o sow_n lettuce_n make_v 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your_o last_o orchard_n fruit_n take_v up_o your_o potato_n for_o winter_n spend_v there_o will_v enough_o remain_v for_o stock_n though_o never_o so_o exact_o gather_v save_o the_o small_a one_o for_o set_v cut_a off_o the_o top_n of_o asparagus_n and_o cover_v they_o with_o long_a dung_n or_o make_v bed_n to_o plant_v in_o spring_n set_a yet_o all_o sort_n of_o kernel_n and_o stone_n to_o raise_v stock_n for_o nursery_n in_o frost_n cover_v the_o window_n of_o your_o fruit_n room_n and_o the_o fruit_n with_o mat_n of_o straw_n etc._n etc._n now_o order_n turnip_n for_o seed_n thus_o viz._n about_o the_o ten_o get_v up_o some_o of_o your_o large_a and_o best_a turnip_n 20_o will_v yield_v about_o a_o quart_n of_o seed_n but_o wash_v they_o not_o then_o cut_v off_o the_o top_n of_o the_o bush_n or_o stalk_v leave_v five_o or_o six_o inch_n to_o grow_v to_o the_o turnip_n lay_v these_o about_o 14_o day_n in_o a_o cool_a room_n then_o prepare_v a_o convenient_a plot_n of_o ground_n by_o dige_v and_o trench_v good_a store_n of_o rot_a muck_n then_o set_v turnip_n half_a a_o yard_n distant_a from_o each_o other_o and_o mould_v up_o the_o earth_n three_o inch_n high_a on_o the_o stalk_v about_o each_o in_o april_n place_n small_a hazel_n rail_n about_o they_o to_o keep_v they_o up_o and_o thy'l_n be_v seed_n in_o june_n if_o you_o can_v preserve_v they_o from_o bird_n which_o be_v do_v by_o place_v a_o live_v catling_n tie_v near_o iâ—_n daily_o feed_v with_o milk_n and_o the_o old_a one_o resort_v to_o it_o if_o you_o set_v not_o these_o turnip_n till_o january_n the_o seed_n produce_v a_o watery_a but_o large_a turnip_n take_v up_o carrot_n parsnip_n etc._n etc._n to_o be_v keep_v in_o cellar_n in_o sand_n for_o spend_v december_n prune_n and_o nail_n wall-fruit_n and_o standard-tree_n and_o plant_v vine_n etc._n etc._n also_o stock_n for_o graft_v sow_n and_o set_v all_o sort_n of_o kernel_n seed_n and_o stone_n trench_n ground_n and_o dung_n it_o to_o be_v ready_a for_o bordure_n or_o plant_v of_o fruit-tree_n turn_v and_o refresh_v your_o autumnal_a fruit_n lest_o they_o taint_v and_o open_v the_o window_n where_o they_o lie_v in_o a_o clear_a and_o serene_a day_n preserve_v your_o fruit_n from_o frost_n let_v planter_n note_v that_o the_o wood_n of_o the_o pear-tree_n plum-tree_n black-cherry-tree_n walnut-tree_n and_o chesnut-tree_n be_v excellent_a for_o stool_n chair_n table_n cabinet_n and_o many_o other_o work_v for_o the_o joiner_n and_o sculptor_n and_o though_o the_o wood_n of_o some_o of_o they_o be_v subject_a to_o the_o worm_n and_o putrefaction_n that_o may_v be_v both_o prevent_v and_o cure_v if_o not_o too_o far_o go_v by_o anoint_v three_o or_o four_o time_n with_o linseed_n oil_n it_o have_v be_v experiment_a in_o a_o walnut_n table_n where_o it_o destroy_v million_o of_o worm_n immediate_o and_o be_v to_o be_v practtise_v for_o table_n tube_n box_n mathematical_a instrument_n bedsted_n chair_n rarity_n etc._n etc._n oil_n of_o walnut_n will_v do_v the_o same_o be_v sweet_a and_o a_o better_a varnish_n but_o above_o all_o be_v commend_v oil_n of_o cedar_n or_o that_o of_o juniper_n but_o the_o more_o curious_a may_v use_v this_o great_a secret_n discover_v by_o mr._n evelin_n page_n 70_o of_o his_o sylva_n viz._n put_v common_a yellow_a sulphur_n into_o a_o cucurbit_n glass_n upon_o which_o pour_v so_o much_o of_o the_o strong_a aqua_n fortis_fw-la as_o may_v cover_v it_o three_o finger_n deep_a distil_v this_o to_o dryness_n which_o be_v do_v by_o two_o or_o three_o rectification_n let_v the_o sulphur_n remain_v in_o the_o bottom_n be_v of_o a_o blackish_a or_o sad_a red_a colour_n be_v lay_v on_o a_o marble_n or_o put_v into_o a_o glass_n where_o it_o will_v easy_o dissolve_v into_o oil_n with_o this_o anoint_v either_o what_o be_v infect_v or_o to_o be_v preserve_v of_o timber_n it_o tinge_v wood_n with_o no_o unpleasant_a colour_n by_o no_o art_n to_o be_v wash_v out_o and_o such_o a_o preservation_n of_o all_o manner_n of_o wood_n nay_o of_o many_o other_o thing_n as_o rope_n cable_n fishing-net_n mast_n of_o ship_n etc._n etc._n that_o it_o defend_v they_o from_o putrefaction_n either_o in_o water_n under_o or_o above_o the_o earth_n in_o the_o snow_n ice_n air_n winter_n or_o summer_n etc._n etc._n finis_fw-la addenda_fw-la 1._o to_o the_o end_n of_o the_o first_o chapter_n shall_v have_v be_v add_v the_o follow_v viz._n and_o when_o stock_n be_v remove_v out_o of_o the_o seminary_n into_o the_o nursery_n or_o elsewhere_o be_v sure_a to_o cut_v off_o as_o well_o the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o down_o right_a tap_n or_o heart-root_n of_o stock_n as_o also_o the_o end_n of_o all_o other_o root_n and_o then_o to_o set_v they_o as_o shallow_a as_o possible_a so_o as_o they_o may_v be_v able_a to_o take_v good_a root_n 2._o at_o the_o end_n of_o the_o 6_o sect._n in_o chap._n second_o this_o shall_v have_v be_v add_v viz._n be_v sure_a therefore_o to_o let_v your_o stock_n for_o pear_n and_o apple_n be_v well_o grow_v before_o they_o be_v graft_v that_o they_o may_v be_v able_a to_o make_v strong_a and_o tall_a shoot_v the_o first_o year_n after_o graft_v for_o if_o graft_v the_o same_o year_n they_o be_v remove_v or_o the_o next_o year_n not_o one_o of_o many_o make_v a_o good_a tree_n beside_o there_o be_v several_a sort_n of_o fruit-tree_n as_o pearmains_n winter-queenings_a and_o july-flower-apple_n etc._n etc._n that_o will_v not_o make_v a_o tree_n worth_a your_o labour_n unless_o graft_v on_o a_o lusty_a plump_a stock_n because_o they_o natural_o shoot_v weak_a and_o crooked_a so_o divers_a sort_n of_o pear_n of_o which_o the_o warden_n be_v the_o worst_a to_o make_v a_o handsome_a tree_n of_o 3._o at_o the_o end_n of_o the_o first_o sect._n in_o chap._n seven_o the_o follow_a shall_v have_v be_v add_v viz._n and_o indeed_o all_o land_n proper_a for_o corn_n as_o wheat_n barley_n rye_n bean_n and_o piece_n be_v proper_a for_o fruit-tree_n but_o the_o most_o improper_a be_v extreme_a hot_a and_o dry_a sand_n and_o on_o the_o other_o side_n ground_n very_o wet_a and_o cold_a 4._o at_o the_o end_n of_o the_o seven_o chap._n page_n 86_o the_o follow_a sect._n shall_v have_v be_v add_v viz._n §_o 23._o after_o your_o tree_n be_v transplant_v into_o orchard_n the_o great_a care_n and_o charge_n be_v to_o keep_v they_o safe_a from_o be_v abuse_v either_o by_o weed_n that_o may_v grow_v about_o they_o sucker_n that_o may_v grow_v out_o of_o they_o between_o the_o root_n and_o spread_a bough_n and_o from_o all_o cattle_n hare_n coney_n and_o canker_n for_o which_o some_o affirm_v hogs-dung_n either_o mix_v with_o the_o earth_n or_o some_o lay_v on_o the_o top_n about_o the_o stem_n to_o be_v a_o excellent_a remedy_n and_o in_o case_n where_o they_o be_v dig_v or_o plough_v about_o the_o root_n your_o tree_n will_v thrive_v much_o better_a and_o grow_v twice_o as_o fast_o 5._o in_o page_n 99_o at_o the_o end_n of_o the_o ten_o sect._n the_o follow_a shall_v have_v be_v add_v viz._n observe_v in_o set_v fruit-tree_n to_o cut_v off_o the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o downright_a tap_n or_o heart-root_n and_o also_o the_o end_n of_o all_o the_o other_o root_n of_o the_o tree_n and_o let_v not_o the_o top_n of_o the_o uppermost_a root_n be_v above_o two_o inch_n under_o the_o surface_n and_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o root_n not_o more_o than_o nine_o or_o ten_o inch_n below_o the_o surface_n of_o the_o earth_n and_o if_o the_o hole_n the_o tree_n be_v to_o be_v set_v in_o be_v dig_v deep_a and_o fill_v up_o again_o with_o good_a earth_n before_o the_o tree_n be_v plant_v unless_o the_o earth_n be_v very_o well_o tread_v down_o the_o tree_n and_o all_o will_v sink_v together_o and_o never_o prosper_v therefore_o in_o such_o a_o case_n '_o it_o be_v best_o to_o set_v the_o tree_n so_o shallow_a as_o to_o raise_v the_o earth_n six_o or_o seven_o inch_n above_o the_o root_n about_o the_o stem_n and_o to_o cover_v the_o uppermost_a root_n with_o good_a earth_n to_o prevent_v that_o misfortune_n 6._o at_o the_o end_n of_o the_o three_o line_n in_o page_n 163_o the_o follow_a shall_v have_v be_v add_v viz._n you_o may_v also_o obtain_v many_o excellent_a set_v of_o curran_n and_o goosberry_n if_o in_o january_n or_o beginning_n of_o february_n when_o the_o weather_n be_v open_a you_o lay_v down_o several_a limb_n and_o twig_n of_o they_o flat_a and_o close_o to_o the_o earth_n and_o so_o keep_v they_o down_o by_o a_o hook_a stick_n drive_v into_o the_o earth_n or_o a_o brick_n stove_n then_o cover_v every_o limb_n and_o twigg_n so_o lay_v down_o all_o along_o two_o inch_n thick_a with_o good_a earth_n except_o the_o top_n