for that they are altogether void of understanding for they are wise to do evil saith the Prophet Jeremy Jer. 4.22 Luc. 16.8 and our Saviour saith that the children of this world are wiser in their generation then the children of light they are eagle-eyed in the things of the world and in sinful matters still but to do good they have no knowlodge Man hath by a natural light still the knowledge of God so the Gentiles by the book of the creatures knew God Rom. 1.21 and they had a moral knowledge of God having some moral principles within engraven upon their hearts by which they understand both good and evill but they are deprived of an higher light a spiritual knowledge a divine light lumen fidei the light of faith 1 Joh. 2.8 a supernatural light this is called the true light by the Apostle so that natural or moral light is but a false or dimme light in comparison of that which directeth a man the way to true happinesse and this true light is called in Scripture the light of Christ Ephes 5.14 and the light of life John 8.12 Quest 2 What are the causes of ignorance Answ The first cause is the corruption of mans nature the understanding of man is corrupted and turned away from this light unto blindnesse darknesse errour ignorance unbelief and misbelief Eph. 4.18 the understanding of man is darkened being estranged from the life of God through the ignorance that is in him because of the blindnesse or hardnesse of his heart corruption and pravity hath blinded the eyes of his understanding so that he cannot by reason thereof savingly see the things of God 1 Cor. 2.14 the natural man receiveth not the things of the spirit nor can be know them because that corruption on the faculty hath blinded the eye of his understanding turning it away from the chiefest good Acts 17. man doth now but grope and feel after God man is so stupified that though he hear never so often yet understandeth not in a saving way like the people that live near the river Nilus that are made deaf by the fall of the waters of that river for videndo non vident in seeing men do not see Rom. 1.23 intelligendo non intelligunt in understanding they do not understand as evill stomachs turn good nourishment into bad humours so evill men turn the truth of God into a lie The corruption of our natures hath deprived us of all those principles of saving truth that should be in the understanding The Lord looked down from heaven Psal 14.2 so see whether there were any that did understand and seeke God saith David There is no principle of light in a natural man that gives him a supernatural knowledge of God God who commanded light to shine out of darknesse 2 Cor. 4.6 hath shined in our hearts to give the light of the knowledge of the glory of God c. So that till the glorious Son of righteousnesse shine into our hearts the heart hath not one principle of of heavenly light there and is no better then a lump of darknesse Rom 8.7 The wisdom of the flesh is enmity against God it is as it were at deadly feud with the wisdom of the Spirit for it will yeeld to or grant no more then it can see ground for in natural reason therefore must needs be starke blind in matters of faith An instance of this we have in Nicodemus a Ruler of the Jewes and no doubt a great Rabbi and well skilled in all humane learning yet cannot he understand the doctrine of regeneration and though our Saviour had told him of the necessity of it and illustrated it by an excellent similitude of the wind blowing where it listeth Joh. 3. and yet saith he how can these things be the reason was because he looked upon it through the thick spectacles of reason and wanted the pure and clear eye of faith Christ spake spiritually and he understood him carnally Another instance you have in the learned Athenians who in Pauls time were as great Scholars as any in the world yet when he preacheth to them the resurrection from the dead a doctrine crossing the principles of natural Philosophy which maintaineth for an Axiome and Maxime that à privatione ad habitum nullus est regressus a natural body resolved into it's first elements and matter whereof it was made Acts 17.32 cannot possibly resume the same and live again after death they therefore mock at him thinking him to teach impossibilities and to set abroach some strange Paradox Now as it was with Nicodemus and the Athenians in these two points so it is with all natural men be they never so learned in the mysteries of Religion that are above the reach of carnal reason the light shineth in darknesse and the darknesse comprehendeth it not John 1. â—5 A second cause of ignorance is the Devill helping forward the corruption of man plunging him every day further and further into sin and casting thick fogs and mists before his eyes If our Gospel be hid it is hid to them that are lost 2 Cor. 4.3 4. in whom the God of this world hath blinded the minds of them which believe not lest the light of the glorious Gospel of Christ who is the image of God should shine unto them Two wayes is the corporal sight offended either by injection of exterior dust into it or by interiour humours stopping the optick nerves within So Satan either blindeth the eyes of natural men with the dust of worldly things which he casteth into them or by their own grosse and carnal affections he stoppeth the Conduits of their sight that they shall not have any true knowledge of God likewise Satan bestirreth himself and spareth no pains to blind the eyes of men by endeavouring to keep them from the means of knowledge or to increase in them the darknesse of ignorance and from thence he laboureth to lead them to the darknesse of sin from one sin and errour to another as from one dungeon to another till at last he bring them into his own den the dungeon of utter darknesse The third cause is God himself and that in divers respects 1. When denieth men the means of knowledge as 1. The Word and outward Ministery Psal 19.8 thus they are said to sit in darknesse that are without the word Psal 1.9.105 and the means of knowledge the Commandment of the Lord is pure enlightening the eyes the word is a lamp or candle to my feet and a light to my paths saith David and the Ministers of the word are called the light of the world Matth. 5.14 therefore where God denieth a people these outward lights the means of knowledge that people must needs fit in the dark dungeon of ignorance 2. By denying or not giving in the inward light of the Spirit Job 32.3 it is the inspiration of the Almighty
be ignorant yet we mean well our heart is as good as the best and we hope that God will accept of our good meanings and intentions But how can men mean well when they know not how to do well Psal 51.6 then is the heart good when a man can say as David Lord thou hast taught or made me to know wisdom in the hidden part Prov. 2.10 or in the secret of my heart when this wisdome entreth into thy heart and knowledge is pleasant to thy soul as Salomon speaketh when thy heart is taught of God then it is good A man may have a good nature a good disposition good natural wisdome and knowledge but this is hateful to God if spiritual knowledge be wanting Rom. 8.7 the wisdome of the flesh is enmity to God and it is that which keeps a man off from yielding subjection to the Law of God A man cannot be good in any relation without knowledge A man cannot be a good husband without knowledge Peter exhorts husbands to dwell with their wives 1 Pet 3.7 according to knowledge Knowledge is required of all husbands and of all men before they be husbands because as soon as they have wives they are charged to shew their knowledge Husbands must set up the worship of God and the exercises of piety in their dwellings by instructing their wives and children in the things of God Josh 24.15 Deut. 6.7 and by talking and discoursing of Gods Word upon all occasions as also by praying together Jer. 10.25 Eph. 6 4. that so they may keep off the curse of God from them which shall fall upon them that know him not and the families that call not upon his Name A man cannot be a good Parent without knowledg Parents are required to bring up their children in the nurture and admonition of the Lord how canst thou instruct thy children while thou thy self art ignorant of God and his word a man cannot be a good Master nor a good Christian without knowledge God who commanded light to shine out of darknesse hath shined in our hearts 2 Cor. 4.6 to give the light of the knowledge of the glory of God c. saith the Apostle the first thing that God created in the world was light and the first thing he creates in the soul of the new creature is spiritual light and knowledge so then unlesse we have the light of heavenly knowledge in our hearts we cannot be good 2. Without knowledge we cannot do good Psal 36.3 Desiuit adhibere intelligentiam ad benè faciendum Junius Cadallehaskil lehetio Hebr. Noluit intelligere ut benè ageret Hieron David makes it an indelible Character of a wicked man to refuse knowledge he hath left off to understand and to do good Geneva he ceaseth to use his understanding to do well Junius he would not understand that he might do well saith Hierom upon Psal 36.3 under the. Law God rejected the blind sacrifices shewing how he contemneth blindnesse and ignorance in all those that will serve him Malach. 1.8 A good intention cannot make a good action if knowledge be wanting it is but a blind offering though done in obedience to Gods command As it is will-worship when things are done which are not commanded and men think by them to do God good service so likewise when men do Gods commands for sinister respects not knowing the force and ground of the command 1. Without knowledge a man cannot repent how can a man turn from sin unlesse he know the nature and danger of sin how can he turn to the Lord Hos 8.3 unlesse he know him When Israel turneth to the Lord he shall cry to the Lord My God we know thee saith the Prophet Hosea If you urge an ignorant man to turn from his sin and turn to the Lord he will answer as Pharaoh Who is the Lord I know not the Lord neither will I let my beloved lusts go how can a man repent till his conscience be touched and how can conscience accuse him without knowledge Knowledge is the effect of a good conscience and a good conscience like an haughty spirit scorneth to lie in the hovel of ignorance 2. A man cannot pray to the Lord without knowledge Ignoti nulla cupido Rom. 3.10 Joh. 4.10 3 Cor. 14.15 Alsted Theolog. Catechet there is none that understandeth that seeketh after God saith the Apostle If thou knewest saith Christ to the woman of Samaria thou wouldst have asked c. A man may say a prayer or read a prayer without true knowledge and the Lord regard them not but he cannot pray with the heart nor pray spiritually without true knowledge that prayer is right which is done in the spirit and with understanding Scientèr or at qui novit quem orat quid pro quo 3. VVithout knowledge a man cannot praise God for any mercy Psal 17.7 Sing ye praises with understanding saith the Psalmist therefore the Saints do honour God most with their praises and confessions because they know more of God and his goodnesse then others and can report higher things of him VVicked and ignorant men speak of God onely by hear-say but they that know him by intimate acquaintance and experience as the Queen of Sheba knew more of Salomons wisdome by his mouth then by his fame he that hath the most inward communion with God is able to render the more abundant praises to him 4. VVithout knowledge a man cannot be zealous for God and his glory there is a blind zeal like that of Popish votaries Phil. 3.61 there may be a zeal of God where there is no knowledge of God as the Apostle Paul speaks of himself before his conversion that he persecuted the Church out of zeal the like he speaks of his Countrey-men the Jews that they have a zeal of God Rom. 10.2 Zelus absque scientia quà vehementiùs irruit eò graviùs corruit Bernard but not according to knowledge It is good saith the Apostle alwayes to be zealously affected in a good matter Gal. 4.18 Now wisdome and knowledge are good guides to zeal to keep it within compasse that it run not out into fury in all pious actions let zeal be your spur but let knowledge and wisdome be your guide 5. A man cannot truly worship God without knowledge we must know him before we can worship him how can we reverence him whom we do not know we know what we worship Acts 17.23 saith our Saviour but as for all ignorant persons like the Samaritans they worship they know not what and if they do him any outward service they ignorantly worship the true God like the Athenians that set up an Altar to the unknown God this makes many persons to come into Gods presence and carry themselves so irreverently as they do because they do not know him Such as our knowledge is such is our worship of God 3. Without knowledge a man
not there define faith but onely describe it by one of the effects of it because it makes things clear and evident which it never saw as by faith we do believe the creation of the world though we never saw it sight and knoweldge is no hinderance of but a help to faith 1 Joh. 4.8 Visus est prima amoris linea Quisquis te cognoscit amat te plus quà m se venit ad te ut gaudeat de re Hinc est Domine ut non tantum diligo quantum debeo quia non plenè cognosco te quia parum cognosco parum diligo as Stephens faith was not any whit lessened but rather helped by his sight of Christ sitting at the right hand of God 2. Knowledge is the root of love he that loveth not knoweth not God saith the Apostle he that knoweth God most loveth him best therefore many men do not love him because they do not know him there be two feet on which we must walk to heaven saith one if ever we mean to come there viz. Faith and Love he that wants faith is lame on the right foot and he that wanteth love is lame on the left foot and both these follow after knowledge A man that knoweth God in Covenant and as an all-sufficient God cannot chuse but love him till a man knoweth Christ in the fulnesse of his perfections as Mediatour he cannot truly love him For as men naturally love the children of their own body so men are apt to dote upon the brats of their own brain and to be in love with their own imaginations till they come to know the Lord naturally man hath an operating fancy to set up somewhat in his understanding and in his heart above and besides God till he comes to a distinct knowledg of God in Christ It is true it is not knowledge that makes a man a good man but love and sanctified affections 1 Cor. 13.1 2. August Soliloqu cap. 1. for though I speak with the tongues of men and Angels and though I have the gift of Prophesie and understand all mysteries and all knowledge c. and have not love I am become as sounding brasse or a tinckling cimball and all this profiteth me nothing the devill and wicked spirits know much and yet have no love to God yet there can be no love to God where the knowledge of God is not 3. Knowledge is the root of obedience as soon as Abraham knew the Lord Gen. 12.1 Sit. 3.3 he obeyed the voyce of the Lord when God called him to get out of his countrey from his kindred and from his Fathers house the foolish and disobedient are put together by the Apostle disobedience springs from folly as obedience springeth from wisdom what is the reason 1 Cor. 2.14 the naturall man scorneth at the things of the spirit and they are foolishnesse to him it is because he cannot perceive the excellency of them Behold the fear of the Lord that is wisdom and to depart from evill Job 28.28 Haec irae impetum cahibet superbiae tumorem sedat that is understanding After true knowledge followeth obedience of the heart and life the end of learning The Commandement of God is obedience for if the end of all practicall knowledge be obedience then much more the end of the commands of God The knowledge of Christ is the only means to suppresse sin and vice 5. Knowledge is the only way to true happinesse 1. Tim 2.4 5. it is the will of God that all men should be saved saith the Apostle but how may some say he addeth in the next words and to come unto the knowledge of the truth and it is not only the way to true happinesse but it is true happinesse inchoate John 17.3 this is life eternall to know thee the only true God and whom thou hast sent Jesus Christ saith our Saviour Moses first prayes to God Lord tell me thy name he beggeth acquaintance with God and then saith he afterwards Lord shew me thy glory they that be wise Dan. 12.3 shall shine as the brightnesse of the Fâ—rmament saith Daniel Revel 4.8 there are no ignorant fools in Emmanuels land Glorified creatures are said to be full of eyes within seeing eternal happinesse consisteth in vision they must be full of heavenly light and knowledge Now we know but in part but then shall we know as we are knowne 1 Cor. 13.12 6. Knowledge is very usefull and necessary to the soule 1. To direct and guide a man as God hath put the Sun and Moon in the Firmament to rule the day and the night so he hath put knowledge into the soul to guide and govern men in their practises and to dictate to them what is to be done what is to be avoyded A man without knowledge is like a blind man wanting a guide to direct him if the understanding be clear and good the man is safe but if the understanding be darkened then he falls into the pits of sin and errour Matth. 6.22 The light of the body is the eye saith our Saviour if therefore thine eye be single the whole body shall be full of light but if thine eye be evill thy whole body shall be full of darknesse The meaning is that as the eye is the light and guide of the body so is the understanding the guide of the soule and as the body followeth the fortune of the eye if the eye be single that is clear and good the whole body is full of light and every member will be able to do its proper work as if it had an eye in it but if the eye be evill or blinded then the whole body is full of darknesse that is every member mistaketh in its operations as the eye in the body guideth the feet how to walk and the hand how to work and every member how to do his part and duty and the whole body to decline and avoyd danger so rectified reason and a single eye will guide our wills and affections teaching them what to chuse and what to refuse and if the judgement be cleared from corrupt principles then the whole soule will be full of light and the whole life of man will be good for as where the eye is clear and quick-sighted the body is well guided so where the understanding and reason and judgement is rightly informed there the soule is well ordered otherwise there is nothing but disorder and confusion True knowledg will direct thy choyce to forsake the bad and follow the good to leave earthly things Eccles 9.15 Eccles 10.6 and cleave to heavenly Wisdome is Profitable to direct saith Solomon even as light directeth him in his way the knowledge of God in a saving way will make thee not to place happinesse in pleasing thy humour with the ancient Philosophers but it will make thee content with Paul to give over all to gain Christ Prov. 15.22 true
in heart when grosse darknesse covereth other people light is risen to their souls The light of the righteous rejoyceth Prov. 13.9 when the lampe of the wicked is put out The knowledge of God in a saving way bringeth three grounds of comfort to the soul that hath it 1. It comforteth the soul to consider how many Wise and Learned men are blinded by the god of this World that God hath bid Heavenly Mysteries from the wise and prudent of the World and hath revealed them to poor babes and to such a poor ignorant creature as he was 2. It comforteth it to consider what darknesse it hath sometime lived in and that now the Lord hath called it out of darknesse into his marvellous light Oh! saith such a soul God hath done as great a work upon my heart as he did when he commanded light to shine out of darknesse Chushec panai Tehom in the beginning of the World my heart was like the earth at that time when there was nothing but Tohu and Bohu upon it Gen. 1.2 and darknesse was upon the face of the Deep and then did the Lord make light of it It is with Gods people before he openeth their eyes as it was with Abraham the Lord sent on him a most fearful darknesse even then Gen. 15.12 when he was ready to communicate a most comfortable light unto him The Lord strook Paul with blindnesse even then when he came to open his eyes 3. This further comforteth such a soul in that God shining into it hath given it the light of the knowledge of the glory of God Act. 9. 2 Cor. 4.6 in Jesus Christ glorious things are now revealed to the soul the soul seeth that now which it never saw before and they clearly see that which others cannot know nor discern It is light in Goshen where the Israelites are when there is no light in Egypt men in the same City in the same Congregation in the same Seat in the same Family sit in darknesse and cannot see when others in the same places do clearly behold the light of the glorious Gospel of Christ Now if this light of the godly be so glorious and comfortable in this World what shall it be in the World to come when God and the Lambe shall be their immediate light here God enlightens us by candle-light but there the glorious Sun of Righteousnesse himself will be our everlasting light here our light may be darkened and eclipsed but there shall be an eternal light without all darknesse there shall be no night there 5. Knowledge is useful to resolve all doubts and difficulties which arise in our souls this makes a man of a full and firm resolution a man is happy when he can say This I know to be the mind of God and in this will I live and die this is the truth of God and from this I will not be moved Ignorantiae duae pessimae filiae falsitas dubietas Ignorance is the mother of two filthy daughters the first daughter of Ignorance is called dubiety or doubtfulnesse which is a continual wavering in opinion a knowing man hath a fixt spirit and settled judgement but an ignorant man is a double-minded man though he be never so resolute and wilful in his opinions The other daughter of Ignorance is falsity or errour which setleth a man upon an unsound basis he that is void of reason will not be convinced by truth or reason when there were divers opinions in the World concerning Christ who he should be some said he was John Baptist some Elias Math. 16.14 others Jeremias or one of the Prophets this variety of opinions sprang from ignorance Some said he was Elias propter zelum amorem veritatis for his zeal and love of the truth for as Elias could not endure to have Gods worship mingled with idolatry no more could Christ as appears Joh. 2. by his punishing and casting out of those that bought and sold in the Temple others said he was Jeremias propter patientiam in adversis being like a lambe before the shearer not opening his mouth however he was abused and others said he was John Baptist for his boldnesse in reproving sin and this opinion for the most part went current and the reason why it was more favoured and followed than the rest Divines observe to be because a great man was Author of it as you may see Math 14.2 for when Herod the Tetrarch heard of the fame of Jesus he said unto his servant this is John the Baptist he is risen from the dead and therefore mighty works do shew forth themselves in him and then no matter whether it be true or false if Herod be the Author of it for if Abimelech cut boughes from trees Jud. 9.49 to set the Tower in Sichem on fire all the people will do so by his example Here you may see the dangerousnesse of ignorance causing such various and erroneous opinions concerning Christ their ignorance of Christ made way to the entertainment of the Pythagorean opinion of the transmigration of souls into other mens bodies which occasioned all these errours so grossely ignorant were even the better sort of people in Christs time in a main fundamental point of Religion as viz. Whether he were the Messiah or no Now on the other side knowledge resolves all doubts though others doubted who Christ was yet Peter freely and clearly confesseth him he doth not stay till a Council might be called and the question determined among the Jews but knowing who Christ was like the fore-man of a Jury he brings in the verdict of himself and his followers saying as Matthew tells us to our Saviour Math. 16.16 Thou art Christ the Son of the Living God A man that hath clear eyes in his head can discern the light if it be shewed him but blindnesse makes a man uncapable of seeing light offered to him knowledge resolves a man and setleth his judgement without knowledge a man cannot in divers cases discern truth from errour as in the body of man eyes are given to distinguish of colours ears to distinguish of sounds pallats to distinguish of tastes so is knowledge very useful to distinguish of Doctrines that are tendered to us that with David we may chuse the way of truth and avoid the rocks of errour growing in the knowledge of Christ 2 Pet. 3.17 18. preserves a man from being carried away with the errour of the wicked 6. Knowledge is useful to adorn the soul knowledge is the soul 's greatest ornament wisdom especially heavenly wisdom makes a mans face to shine saith the Wise man Eccles 8. â— it putteth such a luster upon a man as out-shineth all the Diadems of the greatest Princes of the World Prov. 1.9 It is an ornament of grace to the head and chains about the neck Persons of Renown for wisdom were wont to wear chains of Gold about their necks Gen. 41.39 42.
all again doing it from her affection and not from affectation Affectus saepe numero imponit nomen operi Ambros Luk. 1.6 The affection many times imposeth the name on the work An example in this kind we have in Zachary and Elizabeth the Parents of John Baptist of whom it is said they were both just before God and walked in all the commandments of God without reproof not but that God could have reproved them in the rigour of his justice Incedentes 1. viventes Beza versantes Erasmus but because they endeavoured to walk in all the Gommandments of God blamelesse the Lord would not to shew the riches of his mercy and to encourage others to follow their example they walkt in them all they desired no exemption from any or toleration and dispensation for the breach of any but so far forth as God enabled them they endeavoured to keep them all blamelesse or without reproof And to this purpose Augustin saith that peccatores conversi non sunt amplius peccatores not that they have not sin remaining in them for so the best shall have so long as they are in this world but because fin raigneth not in them it shall not be imputed to them Thus the Scripture testifieth of Noah Gen. 6.9 Joh. 1.47 that he was a man perfect in his generation and of Nathanael that he was a true Israelite in whom was found no guile Thus you see that it is not enough that we know what we ought to do but also that we do what we know You know the doome that is passed on that Steward Luk. 12.47 or Servant that knew his Masters will and did it not he should be beaten with many stripes Direct 2 Having attained Heavenly knowledge see thou lose it not it is a precious Jewel and ought carefully to be kept and not to be lost Keep sound wisdom and discretion Prov. 3.21 is the advice of the Wise man the losse of heavenly knowledge is the greatest losse because thereby you lose all those excellent things which the knowledge of God procureth for you Men that have great parts and much knowledge and afterwards lose it may be compared unto those that are witty to get money and spend it as fast as they get it being at the years end not a peny the better for all they have gotten knowledge cannot be gotten without much pains and therefore let it not be easily lost it will be your shame to lose that carelessely the obtainment whereof hath cost you dear as men that have their eye-sight are very careful to preserve it so we ought as carefully to preserve knowledge which is the eye of the soul The eye of the body is very tender therefore God hath guarded it with lids which close and open most speedily at the pleasure of a man So it is with the eye of the mind and therefore we should much esteem the good that may preserve it and carefully shun the evil that may hurt it You that are Parents will often call upon your children to be good husbands and keep together and not to waste and squander away what you have given them or shall leave them and you that are Christians should often call upon your souls to keep good judgement and knowledge and not to lose it And let me tell thee if thou keepest sound wisdom and discretion it will also keep and preserve thee from many corporall dangers and spirituall falls Direct 3 Art thou a man of knowledge see what good thou hast gotten by thy knowledge art thou wise thou must be wise for thy self what ever thou knowest thou must labour to know it for thy good as Eliphaz speakes Job 5. ult A wise man will labour to know the goodnesse of every thing The eye of the body can see any thing but it self but it is the glory of heavenly knowledge which is the eye and beauty of the soul that it sees it self by an admirable reflection upon it self Thus thou shouldest be often thinking with thy self God hath opened the eyes of my understanding he hath shined into my heart giving me the light of the knowledge of the glory of God in the face of Jesus Christ he hath given me a more piercing head a more sublime speculation a deeper insight and penetration into divine My steries than to many others Oh! what am I the better for it do I find my heart more lifted upwards my affections more raised from the earth and set on heavenly things It is a spice of Atheisme to look at any thing as good in its own nature and not to extract some good out of it and get some good by it How few men do worship God as they know him they can say that God is good and yet never love nor seek him that he is just and powerful yet fear not to offend him that he is wise yet submit they not to his wisdom that he is omniscient and yet they breed and feed wicked thoughts in their hearts they believe there is an hell for sin and sinners and yet go on in the way of sin and that there is laid up a Crown of glory in Heaven for well-doing and yet they follow the multitude to do evil such knowledg as this is no better than Atheism and Infidelity That is the best knowledge that reduceth all duties promises and threatnings to our persons joying affection to light and moving the heart according to things known and out of all draweth actions that serve to expresse that knowledge doing all as in the presence of the glorious Sun of Righteousnesse where this care is sin findeth a bridle and grace a spur They who walk in this light enjoy the unspeakable fruits thereof whilest others are as void of them as they are strangers to the light it self Direct 4 Labour to grow in knowledge according to the advice of the Apostle 2 Pet. 3.18 do not shew your selves children by thinking you know enough already for he that thinks he knoweth any thing he knoweth nothing as he ought to know Brethren be not children in understanding but in understanding be men 1 Cor. 14.20 the Apostle commendeth the Corinthians for abounding in knowledge 2 Cor. 8.7 Col. 1.9 and gives thanks for the Colossians upon the like account Solon was wont to say I grow old alwayes learning many things It is written of David Chytreus a German Divine when he was even upon the point of death that he raised up himself upon his pillow as well as he was able to hear the discourses of his godly friends that sate by him and said that he should die the more comfortably if he might die learning something There is none so cunning in Christs School but may learn more even David a prime Scholler of the highest form desireth to be further informed Lord teach me thy wayes Ps 86.11 And so Solomon his son though he were the wisest King amongst men and the wisest man amongst
lights to others therefore are they called the light of the world they are to give the knowledg of salvation to Gods people Mat. 5.14 Luke 1.77 as Zachary prophesied of John Baptist by giving of knowledge is not meant infusing of knowledge for this is proper to God alone but to give notice or make to understand so they are said to give knowledge instrumentalitèr organicè as they are said to give faith 1 Cor. 1.5 and to confirm men in the faith Acts 14.22 he that will draw disciples to Christ and prepare their hearts for him he must be acquainted with the Scriptures and able out of them to instruct his people in the knowledge of salvation Job 33.23 Ministers are Gods Embassadours and therefore must be able to treat of the affaires of the holy state they must be able to publish the secrets of the Gospel Isa 50.4 Eph. 6.19 they must have the tongue of the learned to know how to minister a word in season to a wearied soule his lips must preserve or be a store-house of knowledge and Elihu saith such a messenger or interpreter is but one of a thousand and Paul saith quis ad haec idoneus who is sufficient for these things not quisquis but quis Therefore the Holy Ghost at the Feast of Pentecost fell upon the Apostles in fiery cloven tongues Acts 2.3 In linguis in omni genere linguarum foecundi essent to furnish them with zeale and knowledge to instruct all Nations in tongues that they might be eloquent in all manner of tongues and in fiery tongues that they might be inflamed with zeal if Christ had only given his Apostles cloven tongues and not fiery tongues also then should they have been full of knowledge but voyd of zeale if fiery tongues only and not cloven they should have abounded with zeale but not according to knowledge Vt fervêr discretionem erigat discretio fervorem regat Bern. serm 23. in Cant. Pecoris ignorantia est pasteris ignominia Hieron but Christ who knew what was best in every respect sent down the spirit both in fiery and cloven tongues that they might have the tongue of the learned and shew themselves men of God perfectly instructed to every good work that their zeal might raise their discretion and discretion govern their zeal One saith that Luthers zeal and courage with Melancton's discretion joyned with Calvin's eloquence would make an excellent preacher Every Minister must be willing and able to teach for the ignorance of the flock is the reproach of the Pastor if it be his fault especially A Minister is to teach like a man of knowledge his mouth must speak of wisdom Psal 49.3 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 he must warn and teach in all wisdom Col. 1.28 knowledge and much wisdom is requisite to a Minister 1. In the choyce of a fit matter a Minister must teach non inepta futilia not with philosophical speculations Jerem. 23.28 lying legends and frierly fables for what is Chaffe to the wheat saith the Lord his doctrine must be like fire full of light to dispell the darknesse of ignorance by enlightening the minds of his hearers with the saving knowledge of Gods truth and full of heat to enflame their affections with the zeal of Gods glory the word of God must onely be taught by him nec aliud 1 Tim. 3. nec aliter he must teach no other doctrine If we were to deal with the Heathen we might use humane testimony to convince them as Paul doth Acts 17 28. Titus 1.12 but yet sparingly The main scope of the ministery is to preach sound doctrine Scripturararum mamillas dum duriùs presserunt sanguinem pro lacte biberunt August and for this much knowledge is requisite for the right opening of the Scriptures that they may not mingle gold and drosse wheat and chaffe together of which dealing an Ancient saith of hereticks the harder they suckt and drew the breasts of the Scriptures the more they drunk down blood instead of milk 2. In respect of the manner of his preaching knowledga is requisite for 1. A Minister is not rashly to run upon the handling of holy things without deliberation and due premeditation and preparation his heart must be first enditing of a good matter before his tongue can be the Pen of a ready writer whether in Sermons Psal 45. disputations or the like A grave Divine said Deering Lect. 27. in Hebr. it were better men had neither tongues in their heads nor parts in their bodies then so boldly and busily many times to employ them in rash reasoning about Election Predestination and the sin against the Holy Ghost without serious confideration and mature deliberation and the second part of Arch-Bishop Cranmer's Preface before the Church-Bible is for the most part spent in reproving such persons so also the 37. injunction apointed to be publiquely read in Queen Elizabeths time for want of this wisdom and discretion men many times wrangle about what they understand not like two men meeting together the one would be of Doctor Martins and the other of Doctor Luthers opinion who were both one and the same 2. As the scope of the ministery is to preach the word purely Coeci Coecorum duces Matth. 14. so to apply it powerfully to the consciences of men therefore he must not be like Pope Bonifaces Priests no Clerks nor as our Saviour speaks of some that are blind leaders of the blind a Minister must sometimes be a Boanerges a son of thunder in denouncing the dreadful threatnings of the law against obstinate sinners and sometimes a Barnabas a son of consolation in pronouncing the sweet and comfortable promises of the Gospel to the broken hearted penitent he must be able likewise by sound doctrine both to exhort and convince gainsayers Tit. 19. Mark 12.34 he must be able to resolve doubts and to answer questions therefore our Saviour commended the Scribe for answering wisely or discreetly he must likewise deliver the word with authority and gravity now to all these purposes wisdom and much knowledge is requisite in a Minister of the word 3. Ministers are to teach manifestly and evidently God gave Pastors and Teachers to the edifying of the Church and to further it in the knowledge of God now how shall the hearer get knowledg when the Preacher teacheth obscurely he that prophesieth speaketh unto men 1 Cor. 14. the main work of the Teacher must be the profit of the hearer Jer. 3.15 I will give you Pastors after my own heart which shall feed you with knowledge and understanding what knowledge can a people reap if they are taught obscurely we read that when the Levites read in the book of the Law they caused the people to understand the Law Nehem. 8.7 8. and the people stood in their place so they read in the book of the Law of God distinctly and gave the sense and
face in this Life and our Heaven upon Earth And now Reader if thou art in an ignorant estate and one who art willing to be brought to the sense of thy ignorance and blindnesse and so to come to him who is the Light of the World Then say I to thee as Jehu to Jonadab Give me thy hand and thou and I shall quickly accord and thou shalt be a fit and welcome Reader to this poor Treatise and I hope I have written that which shall be both for thy satisfaction and comfort I have here laboured for such plainnesse as might best informe thy judgement and affect thy heart purposely avoyding that unnecessary artificialnesse which might make it like those Spiders webs to which one once compared Logick which are said to be much in workmanship 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 but in profit nothing My hearty desire is if the will of the Lord be so to do a double good with these my poor labours and therefore to write the same things which at first I Preached to my own Congregation it is not grievous I have here for the Common good changed my tongue Solet apertior esse sermo vivus quā scriptus Bernar. into a pen though a dead letter be of lesse effectuall perswasion than a lively voice The scope of this Treatise is to bring-men out of darknesse into the true light and to shew them how to walke in the direction of that light That is the best knowledge which is of God the chiefest good a knowledge that suffereth least alteration in the hour of death but onely admitteth of a graduall change advancing to perfection All other knowledge then will vanish away this is the knowledge according to godlinesse whereunto I labour in this small Treatise to stirre thee up that knowing God in a saving way thou mayest live in him and walke in communion with him The knowledge of God in Christ is the pith and marrow of Christian Religion and Profession which whosoever wanteth he is but the shadow of a Christian though he abound with all other knowledge If this that I have now done shall be acceptable to the Church and People of God and be any thing though but Goates haire towards the Lords Sanctuary I shall rejoyce and give God the glory and the Reader may expect a Treatise from me on another Subject in some short time the Lord assisting me In the mean time if thou reape any benefit to thy soul by these my Labours let God have all the glory and me a share in thy prayers I shall conclude with that of Austin who having in his Books of Christian Doctrine propounded the Rule of Christian Faith yet notwithstanding thus concludeth To such as understand not what I write I answer they must not blame me if they conceive not these things as if I shewed them with my finger the Moon or a Starre which they would see being not very clear and if they have not eyes to see my finger much lesse a Starre they must not be offended at me if they see it not So they who reading these things cannot yet see the things which in the Scripture are darke and obscure let them cease to blame me and rather pray to the Lord to give them eye-sight for I may point with my finger but cannot give them eyes to see the things that I point to Now that the God of our Lord Jesus Christ Eph. 1.17 18. the Father of Glory may give unto you the spirit of wisdome and revelation in the knowledge of him the eyes of your understanding being opened that you may know what is the hope of his Calling and what the Riches of the Glory of his Inheritance in the Saints I shall not cease to pray and rest Thine in the Lord. W. G. THE ARRAIGNMENT OF IGNORANCE From Hos 4.6 My people are destroyed for lack of Knowledge IN the three foregoing Chapters were typical Prophesies in this fourth and in the following Chapters are plain Oracles and predictions not covered with Types This Chapter is a sharp Sermon to the ten Tribes the beginning whereof consisteth 1 In a citation of them to Gods tribunal Hear ye the Word of the Lord ye children of Israel for the Lord hath a controversie with the inhabitants of the Land v. 1. as if he should say Seeing ye set at nought and lightly esteem all the admonitions of the Prophets I cite you by Gods appointment to his tribunal to hear the controversie which he hath with you and most of the inhabitants of the land 2. In an accusation of them for their sins he accuseth them for their sins against their Neighbour and against God 1. He chargeth them with their sins against their Neighbour which he sets down in two things want of Truth want of Mercy There is no truth nor mercy in the land ver 1. Righteousnesse is there understood for truth by a Synecdoche There is no truth that is there is no righteousnesse and justice in the land and by mercy is understood bountifulnesse and liberality to those that are in misery this also was not to be found in the land though there were many objects of mercy yet there were none that would put on bowels of mercy 2. He chargeth them with their sins against God and the first and leading sin is their Ignorance of God there is no knowledge of God in the Land in this sixth verse the Prophet aggravateth this sin of theirs shewing that ignorance is the cause of their destruction My people are destroyed for lack of knowledge In the words there are three things to be observed 1. The persons of whom the Lord speaks his own people not strangers but his people that were in covenant with him not of his elect people neither but of those that were his people in outward profession My people whether it be referred to God or to the Prophet some make a question but whether that affix meus be referred to God or to the Prophet an opposition is here and elswhere made to other people that were not Gods people and had not the Prophets for their Monitors This word my signifies propriety they are called Gods people 1. Because God had called them to be his peculiar people from all people of the earth Amos 3. ◠and the Lord had entred into covenant with them to become their God c. 2. They had the Word and Sacraments and sacrifices among them and to them were committed the Oracles of God they and they only had the knowledge of the true God among them Rom. 3.2 3. Of them came many holy Prophets and Patriarchs that were men in great favour with the Lord. 4. The Lord wrought many signs wonders and miracles among them 5. They had many visions prophesies dreams and revelations from God 6. The Messiah was promised to descend of that Nation and in particular of the Tribe of Judah These were the priviledges of the people of God which
know the more ignorant a man is of God the more doth pride prevail upon him now Ignorance being the root of pride it must be the chief cause of destruction to a people for pride goes before destruction saith the wise man Proverbs 16.18 2 Ignorance is the cause of Rebellion against God to this purpose the Lord complains of his people I have nourisht and brought up children and they have rebelled against me and the reason of their rebellion against God is their ignorance of him the Oxe Isai 1.2 3. saith he knoweth his owner and the asse his Masters crib but Israel doth not know my people doth not consider Thus when Moses cometh with a message from God to Pharaoh thus saith the Lord Let my people go that they may serve me Pharaoh said Who is the Lord Exod. 5.2 that I should obey his voice c. I know not the Lord neither will I let Israel go Ignorance is the root of disobedience this sin was that which brought swift destruction upon Pharaoh and his people when Peter would have men like obedient children 1 Pet. 1. 14 15. he bids them not fashion themselves according to the former lusts of their Ignorance 3. Ignorance is the root of persecution 1. It makes men persecute Christ himself when Christ called to Saul from heaven as he was persecuting and making havock of the Church Saul Saul why persecutest thou me like one wholly ignorant of Christ he said Who art thou Lord Acts 9.5 the Lord answered I am Jesus whom thou persecutest It is said by the Apostles Act. 1.17 1 Cor. 2.8 that none of the Princes of this world knew Christ for had they known they would not have crucified the Lord of Glory Object But it may be said from Matth. 21.38 that they did know who Christ was when they saw the Son they said among themselves This is the heir come let us kill him and let us seize on his inheritance and they caught him and cast him out of the vineyard and slew him in this place it is evident that they did know him and in the other place that they did not know him for they would not have crucified him if they had known him how shall these places be reconciled Resp They did know him in regard of the reality of the thing but they had not an effectual knowledge able to change their minds and affections that were set to crucifie the Lord of Glory thus people that have the means of knowledge may be said to be ignorant First In regard they may have a general knowledge and yet be ignorant in the particular application of what they know Secondly in regard they may have a particular knowledge and yet be ignorant in regard of an effectual knowledge and this kinde of ignorance is a destroying sin a man may know what is to be done and in particular that such a thing is to be done and yet this knowledge is uneffectual if it change not the will and affections to yield obedience and so it is no better then ignorance He that saith he knoweth God and keepeth not his commandements 1 Joh. 2.4 1 Sam. 2.12 is a lyar the sons of Eli were sons of Belial and it is said of them They knew not the Lord though they were the Priests of the Lord whose lips should preserve knowledge Malachi 2.7 And as ignorance makes men persecute Christ himself so it makes them persecutors of the faithful messengers and members of Christ Ignorant men love not their teachers that be eyes to guide them seers to go before though they stand in danger of their own lives to save theirs and if the seers were once out of the way into what errour would not the blinde multitude suddenly fall were there no faithfull Ministers to lead them or speak to the people from God they could not chuse but fall to every finne against God our Saviour tells his Disciples a little before his departure out of this world If they have persecuted me they will also persecute you Joh. 15.21 but all these things they will do unto you for my names sake the reason followeth because they know not him that sent me and he tells them further that they should put them out of the Synagogues yea the time cometh that whosoever killeth you will think that he doth God service and gives the reason of it These things will they do unto you because they have not known the Father nor me John 16.2 3. Psal 14.4 Have all the workers of iniquity no knowledge who eat up my people as bread the Prophet Hosea sheweth Psal 74.20 where there is no knowledge of God in the land there is no truth nor mercy in the land the dark places of the earth are full of the habitations of cruelty that is of cruell men men that have no true knowledge of God among them are ready to act ay manner of cruelty against the people of God 4. Ignorance is the cause of Idolatry the Prophet Isaiah shewing the dotage of idolaters he sets it down thus Isai 44.17.18 he falleth down to his graven image and worshippeth it and prayeth unto it and saith deliver me for thou art my God then he sheweth the root of it to be their blockish ignorance they have not known nor understood Ignorance of the true God makes men adore any fantasticall deity Ignorant men like bruit beasts are ready to run into any sin and danger Reas 2 Because ignorance is the breach of Gods Commandments and especailly the first Commandment he that is ignorant of God is so farre from worshipping God as he ought to be worshipped that he is an enemy to God an ignorant man walkes in darknesse and he that goes in the dark is apt to stumble at every stone and fall into every ditch he that knowes not the way to life must needs walk in the way that goes down to the chambers of death he that is ignorant of him who is the Way will soon wander in a wildernesse where there is no way where there is no plain and beaten path an ignorant man runs out of Gods way viz. the way of his Commandment and walks in his own wayes and runs into extreme danger every moments an ignorant man is blind he knoweth not what he doth Prov. 4.19 his way is darknesse he knoweth not at what he stumbleth and having often stumbled at last he falleth into the pit of destruction from whence he shall never see his way out if a man be ignorant he knoweth not where he goes John 12.35 and he that walks in darknesse knoweth not whither he goes as our Saviour saith Reas 3 Ignorance doth stupifie and harden mens hearts they are in a miserable and damnable condition and are not sensible that they are so they see not their misery therefore seek they not out for a remedy The Church of Laodicea was in a blind and wretched estate but
cannot receive good 1. Without knowledge a man cannot receive Jesus Christ God first shineth into the heart with the light of knowledge before Jesus Christ can be received by the hand of faith though Jesus Christ when he was upon earth spake as never man spake his preaching being with power and authority and not like that of the Scribes yet multitudes of his hearers could not receive him till the eyes of their understanding were opened 2. Without knowledge a man cannot receive the Spirit of God John 14.17 our Saviour saith That the world cannot receive the Spirit of truth because it seeth him not neither knoweth him many men make a mock and scorn of the Spirit of God because they do not know him the natural man receiveth not the things of the Spirit of God for they are foolishnesse to him neither can he know them 1 Cor. 2.14 because they are spiritually discerned A natural man may hear of spiritual things but cannot be in a capacity of receiving them till he come to understand and to know them They are riddles to a natural man as the Apostle saith 1 Cor. 2.9 Eye hath not seen nor ear heard nor hath it entred into the heart of man to conceive the things that God hath prepared for them that love him he speaks there of the things of the Gospel but saith he God hath revealed them to us by his spirit and we have the mind of Christ vers ult A natural and ignorant man is like a corrupt stomach where no meat will digest or nourish it doth him no good it turneth to no good nutriment so it is with an ignorant soul the spiritual things of God do him no good they digest not in his soul they nourish him not because he is full of darknesse corruption and ignorance 4. Without the knowledge of God we can have no communion and fellowship with him God is light and the ignorant man is darknesse 2 Cor. 6.14 and what communion hath light with darknesse God is light and in him there is no darknesse and while thou art in the dark dungeon of ignorance thou canst not converse with the Father of Lights A natural man is a blind man he cannot see nor discern spiritual things God takes no delight in such blind fools If you delight your selves in ignorance and are unwilling to be taught as many children and servants are how can you have any communion with God that know him not It is true as a judicious Divine observeth Mr. Cotton on John there are many that desire knowledge and cannot attain it and of such saith he God will either accept their desires or give them knowledge but such as please themselves with their ignorance they have no communion with God but are sealed up unto damnation If a man walketh in darkness and saith he hath fellowship with God he is a liar A man can have no communion with God in the spirit nor in his ordinances nor in any thing as his without the knowledge of God for while he liveth in the darknesse of ignorance he is without God in the world 5. Col. 1.13 Without the knowledge of God men are still under the power of Satan the Prince of darknesse They are said to be under the power of darknesse i. e. of ignorance and they that are under the power of darknesse are under the power of this Black Prince the Devil himself is bound in everlasting chains under darknesse and he bindeth sinners with the chains of darknesse the darknesse of ignorance and holds them under his power Acts 26.18 therefore when a sinner is converted unto God he is delivered from the power of Satan being turned from darknesse to light and being made a meet partaker of the inheritance of of the Saints in light he is delivered from the power of darknesse Most men while they are under Satans power they are held with this chain where ever an ignorant man goes he goes like a fettered prisoner with his Keeper at his back let him go to the Congregation to hear the word there Satan either stops his ears or blinds his eys or else choaks and steals away the good seed of the word out of his heart Those that are without the acknowledgment of the truth they are taken captive 2 Tim. 2.26 Eph. 6.12 or taken alive by him in his snare and wicked spirits are said to be the Rulers of the darknesse of this world Oh tremble then thou ignorant wretch to think to whom thou art in bondage 6. While thou art ignorant wanting the knowledge of God thou art in subjection to every base lust Paul speaking of the unregenerate State Tit. 3.3 1 Pet. 1.14 describeth it thus At that time we were foolish and disobedient serving divers lusts and pleasures Fashion not your selves saith Peter according to the former lusts in your ignorance An ignorant man knoweth not what is good and what is evil and often putteth good for evil Isai 5.20 Prov. 14.12 and evil for good putteth darknesse for light and light for darknesse now the will and affections do for the most part follow the understanding in things that are good I say for the most part because the will and affections are sometimes more depraved then the understanding and in evill things the will and affections do altogether follow the understanding now the understanding being darkned and putting evill for good and good for evill how can it be but a cause of divers lusts making the soule to serve divers lusts and pleasures Ambition Pride Passion Drunkennesse Revenge Every sin and lust will command them so long as they are without the true knowledge of God this is a miserable slavery to be led by their lusts if they had eyes to see it one lust hurries them one way and another hurries them another way where there is the knowledge of him that hath called us to glory and vertue 2 Pet. 1.3 4. such have escaped the corruption that is in the world through lust there is no escaping the pollutions and defilements of sin and lust but by the knowledge of our Lord and Saviour Jesus Christ 7. Ignorance makes a man like a beast A man without knowledge is like Nebuchadnezzar who had the heart of a beast in the shape of a man an ignorant man hath the head and heart of a beast an ignorant man is a very beast For what difference between a man and a beast A beast hath eyes ears legs as well as a man seeth heareth goeth smelleth tasteth Keckerm Physick 1. as well as a man can do nay many beasts can doe these things better then a man can doe a man then differeth only from a beast in understanding and discourse Therefore saith God to his people Be not as the horse or mule Psal 32.9 Mule nihil sentis Epigram 14.1 that hath no understanding as the Poet calleth an ignorant man a sottish man yea a sottish
man a proficient in this or that Science and another man that standeth by should say tush it is nothing but to go and do such a thing would not such a person be an object of derision to those that should hear him for it is not unknown though this or that be the summe of every Art and Trade yet in every Science there are some particular mysteries which are not so quickly learnt and put in practice which a man must understand before he can be an ingenious Artist if he have not skill in such a mystery his labour will be without successe as his undertaking was rash and inconsiderate so in the businesse of Religion we must be acquainted with the mysteries of godlinesse there are profunda Dei Spiritus the deep things of God and of the Spirit and though to love God with all our heart and to love our neighbour as our selves be the summe of the moral precepts yet it is necessary that we have a more particular knowledge then the knowledge of these generals that we know the particular branches of the mystery of godlinesse without which we shall neither love God with all the heart nor our neighbour as we ought if thou wilt learn a trade thou must first understand the rules and principles of it and every particular branch belonging to every mystery so if thou wilt have any understanding in the mystery of Christ thou must be acquainted with the rules and grounds of spiritual understanding 2 Pet. 1.8 so thou shalt neither be barren nor unfruitfull in the knowledge of Christ Object 6 Some are ready further to object that God is not easily known the Scripture tells us that no man hath seen God at any time John 1.18 and no man hath seen him nor can see him and God is often said in Scripture to hide his face how then can he be known by such poor creatures as we are Resp We cannot know Gods Essence here in respect of the manner of his being thus no man hath seen him at any time or can see him for when Moses desired God to shew him the fulnesse of his glorious Majesty God tels him the granting his request would be very hurtful to him Exod. 33.10 for saith he there shall no man see me and live the weaknesse of mans fraile nature cannot bear the infinite glory of the divine presence but is swallowed up with the transcendent lustre of the heavenly Majesty even as we see the sight of the eye to be dazzeled with the brightnesse of the Sunne shining in his strength or a Chrystall glasse to be broken in pieces with the strong operation of the fire but yet there is much of God that may be seen and known as the Lord tels Moses Exod. 33.22 I will put thee saith he in the cleft of a rock and I will cover thee with my hand when I passe by after I will take away my hand and thou shalt see my back-parts but my face shall not be seen where God speaks to us of himself as of a man having face and back shewing us hereby that it is impossible for any man in this mortality to know the nature and being of the most high We know God here but in part like the fight of a man in transitu as he passeth along by us whose face we discern not whose back-parts onely we do behold the more exact knowledge of him is reserved for that time 1 Joh 3 2. when being changed into his likenesse we shall see him as he is even face to face but yet much of God may be seen and known in this life which he calleth his back parts his wisdom goodnesse mercy grace his long-suffering his faithfulnesse and truth his slownesse to anger being provoked daily by the sins of men his readinesse to pardon iniquity transgression and sin these back-parts of Jehovah are clearly revealed in the word And when God is said in Scripture to hide his face from his people it is not that we should not see him but that we should the more earnestly seek after him the Lord is willing to be known unto any that have a mind to know him God takes no delight in hiding himself from us but is willing to open and manifest himself to us God stands not upon State as some great Princes do that seldom shew themselves but think their presence and converse lesseneth their respect the more we know man the more we shall understand his errours and imperfections as well as his excellencies but the more we know God the more we shall admire him none admire him so much as the holy Angels that see most of him Matth. 18.10 that alwayes behold the face of our Father which is in he aven therefore the Lord hides not himself as though he were unwilling to be known but he desireth to be known by us he bids us seek his face therefore if we do not know the Lord the cause is not in God but in our selves that we are not willing to know him nor desirous of his acquaintance Object 7 Ignorant persons are ready further to object and say What though we be ignorant yet God is a mercifull God and his mercie is over all his works and therefore we hope to find mercy from God notwithstanding he that made us will surely save us Resp Let such poor souls see what the Prophet Isaias saith to them Isai 27.11 It is a people of no understanding therefore he that made them will not have mercy on them and he that formed them will shew them no favour if thou art ignorant under the means of knowledge thou art wilfully ignorant therefore he that made thee will not save thee c. God will not be mercifull to men because they are ignorant Prov. 30.31 what then will he do to them you may read it at large Prov. 1. For that they hated knowledge and did not chuse the feare of the Lord they would none of my counsell they despised all my reproof therefore shall they eat the fruit of their own way and be filled with their own devices But they are ready farther to say Christ dyed and we hope to have some benefit by the death of Jesus Christ for he came into the world to save sinners I answer No. You are like to have no benefit by his death if you abide in ignorance this is the condemnation That light came into the world and men love darknesse rather then light men that are in love with darknesse and ignorance shall be condemned If you shall yet say further that the Apostle saith that God would have all men to be saved 1 Tim. 2.4 then take in the next word following And come to the knowledge of the truth so that all those that will not come to the knowledge of the truth there is no hope of their salvation I may say that God wills not their salvation that never come to the knowledge of the
imperatorem i. e. being freed from the Ferula and discharged from subjection to a Tutour that even they be left to the guidance of their own discretion 2 Tim. 2.22 whereby they must follow Pauls counsell to his Schollar Timothy to fly all youthfull lusts and labour being well instructed in the grounds of true Religion as they grow in yeares to grow in wisdome and knowledge then shall no man have cause to despise their youth as the same Apostle speaketh 1 Tim. 4.12 But the wisdome of their young yeares shall be their Crowne and Glory As Virgil said of Aeneas his Sonne Sequitur Patrem non passibus aequis he followeth his Father not with even and equall steppes so it may be said of most of the children of faithfull Parents Let me presse this upon you that are old to teach the young do you not read that the Psalmist speaks often that the praises of the Lord should he declared from generation to generation Psal 22.31 Psal 79.13 And so the very Heathen understood that it was the duty of the old to teach the young Praecipere mitem convenit pueru senem Seneca Jura senes norint quid liceátque nefasque Fásque sit inquirant legémque exanima servant Ovid. Old men are or should be very knowing it belongeth to them to teach and to youth to learne of them this is chiefly to be observed among Christians hence it appeareth how grossely old men sinne if they who ought to informe others do themselves know little or nothing of those things that appertain to everlasting salvation and if they have neglected the meanes of knowledge and in their old age are so rude and ignorant that they had need to bee taught by children the heads of Catechisme which sometime happeneth what will they be able to answer to the righteous Judge of all the world when he shall aske them how they have done their duty upon the earth Let every christian now be conscientious in this duty to exhort and instruct one another to edify one another and provoke to love and to good works to stirre up one another to the wayes and work of godlinesse And to move you all hereunto I desire you to consider 1. The great benefit that will come to such as truly performe this duty the Lord hath made a gracious promise to it Jer. 23.22 if we stand in his counsell and cause his people to heare his words i. e. if we faithfully instruct them in the knowledge and feare of the Lord then we shall turne them from their evill way and from the evill of their doings Happy is that man that can turne a sinner from evill wayes and evill doings to the wayes of godlinesse This is the Reason why the Apostle will not have the believing husband or wife to separate one from another because by dwelling together they may instruct and do good one to another 1 Cor. 7.16 for what knowest thou O wife whether thou shalt save thy husband or how knowest thou O man whether thou shalt save thy wife 2. If thou canst winne but one soule to Christ Isa 2.28 thou shalt bring much glory to God Solomon saith that in the multitude of poople is the Kings honour So herein is the great King of heaven honoured when many people shall go and say Come ye and let us goe up to the mountaine of the Lord to the house of the God of Jacob and he will teach us of his wayes and we will walke in his pathes he that converteth a sinner shall save a soule from death and cover a multitude of sins Jac. 5.20 3. It will bring in great peace and comfort to your own soules what greater comfort in the world then to see those that sate in darknesse to have the eyes of their understandings opened to see those that were dead translated from death to life to be new borne to be converted unto God Oh what abundance of comfort will this consideration work upon thy heart However let Ministers do their duty Parents their duty Husbands their duty Christians their duty in their respective places and then let the successe be what it will we shall have comfort therein Ezek. 2.5 Ezek. 2. God commands the Prophet to speak to the people whether they would hear or whether they would forbear and thus saith the Prophet Isaiah though I have laboured in vain and spent my strength for nought Isa 49 4 5. yet surely my judgement is with the Lord and my work or my reward with my God though Israel be no gathered yet shall I be glorious in the eyes of the Lord and my God shall be my strength Thanks be to God saith Paul which alwayes causeth us to triumph in Christ and maketh manifest by us the savour of his knowledge in every place 2 Cor. 2. 14 15. Heb. 3.13 for we are unto God a sweet savour of Christ in them that are saved and in them that perish Therefore exhort one another daily while it is called to day Do not think it a duty onely belonging to the Minister to instruct and stir up others in the wayes of Religion Per hoe nil aliud est scientia nostra quam culpa Salvian it is his duty principally but it is thy duty also Do not say with wicked Cain Am I my brothers Keeper If thou seest thy neighbour lying in the pit of ignorance and thou hast that which might help him out and doest it not thou art guily of his perishing by this our knowledge is no thing else but a fault saith Salvian Labour with all thy might to help thy Wife and Children Servants and friends and neighbours out of this dark dungeon Hath God enlightened you with saving knowledge Direct 7 Eph. 5.8 See that you walk as children of the light If a man have never so much knowledge if he walk not answerable to it it is but a glow-worm light if thy head be full of light and thy workes be full of darknesse it is an evidence that the light that is in thee is no better than darknesse The night is farre spent saith the Apostle the day is at hand let us therefore cast off the workes of darknesse Rom. 13.12 Pareus in loc and let us put on the Armour of light Pareus by night understandeth our estate of ignorance and blindnesse before our effectual calling and conversion and by day our estate of illumination and grace after our conversion Let us therefore saith the Apostle cast off the workes of darknesse Sin may be called workes of darkenesse 1. Because for the most part they proceed from the ignorance of Gods will not revealed to such as are yet unconverted Thus Paul saith That the Gentiles walked in the vanities of their minde having their understandings darkened Eph. 4.18 being alienated from the life of God through the ignorance that was in them and did men know the dangers that follow sinners they would
be more wary of their wayes yea doubtlesse we may say when we see men run headlong into sin that either they see not what they do which is pitiful or else that they wilfully winke and will not see which is much more perilous 2. Sins may be called workes of darknesse because they be for the most part done in the darke and the doers of them still delight to be in the dark and are ashamed that their doings should be brought to light for what Job saith of one sinner Job 24.15 saying The eye of the Adulterer waiteth for the twilight saying No eye shall see me and disguiseth his face Our Saviour affirmeth to be true of all sin and every sinner saying Joh. 3.20 that every one that doth evil hateth the light neither cometh to the light least his deeds should be reproved or 3. Because they are evermore suggested to us either by Satan himself the Mint-master of all mischief the Prince of darknesse or by some of his wicked instruments that be Amici Curiae Prectours Factours and sollicitours of that black Prince in his Court of darknesse 4. Because they carry those that live and die in them into Hell the place of utter darknesse Let us then that are enlightned with the true light cast off the workes of darknesse and put on the armour of light that is have our conversation suitable to our profession The Gospel is the day Christ is the light Luther in Rom. Faith is the eye which apprehendeth this light therefore seeing the day is come and the light shineth let us walk as in the day and in the light the eye of faith and the foot of obedience which two concurring make an holy life are called armour of light they be called armour because thereby we may defend our selves from the fiery darts of the devil Eph. 6.16 and they be called armour of light for three causes 1. Because they proceed from the Father of lights James 1.17 2. Because they make them that wear this armour shine like lights in the midst of a crooked and perverse generation Phil. 2.15 3. Because like true bred Eagles they abide the light and need neither care nor fear who looks upon them as our Saviour telleth us He that doth the truth Joh. 3.21 cometh to the light that his deeds may be made manifest that they are wrought in God viz. according to his will revealed in his Word 1. Get in a lightsome principle therefore into your hearts look that the light that is in you be not darknesse do not act by mens courses and by precedents from others but get a principle of light within to guide thee in all thy actions 2. Let all thy aimes also be full of light labour in all your actions to approve your selves to God and above all things aim at his glory To have low ignoble and base endes is not to act as a childe of light but to have high glorious and supernaturall endes and aimes to confide in his word to trust in his mercy to rest upon his grace to stay upon his power and faithfulnesse to adhere to his promises to sanctifie the Lord in your hearts to glorifie his Name to praise him for his goodnesse to be zealous for his glory to walke in the light of his countenance and to have communion with him in all holy ordinances these are the ends that become the children of light 3. See that thou walke by a lightsome rule let the Word of God be your rule let the Word be a lampe or candle to your feet Psal 119.105 and a light unto your paths all our deviations and aberrations from the light of this bright-shining candle are dark steps or steps into darknesse when men walke by a lightsome rule their actions are full of light Let us then walke decently as in the day abhorring all workes of darknesse you know discreet men in the night are carelesse of their attire not regarding what colour or stuff or fashion it be so it keep them warm because they know that the darknesse covereth both it and them but in the day time when they mean to go abroad or admit any body to see or speake with them they will be ashamed unlesse they be in some good fashion like men of their place and ranke and therefore will have their apparel beseeming men of their qualities and conditions So let knowing Christians walke as becometh Saints and avoid whatsoever is of evill report Let your light so shine before men Math. 5.16 that they may see your good workes and glorifie your heavently Father saith our blessed Saviour Vse 4 Let me adde a use of caution 1. Art thou a man enlightned with the knowledge of God take heed how thou sinnest against the light of knowledge which God hath set up in thee to direct thee Oh the great wickednesse that is in mens hearts in these dayes the light now shineth more gloriously than it did heretofore the word is more common more frequently and powerfully taught more and better helpes to the attainment of knowledge than were in former Ages may not we demand with the Apostle Have they not heard Rom. 10.18 19. Did not Israel know Men are not ignorant or may not be ignorant what duty they owe to Gods Sabbaths what reverence to his Name what respect to his word and yet men prophane the Lords day despise their teachers contemne the Word Quo major est revelatio eo magis est cognitio quo magis cognitio pecatum quo magis peccaum eo magis judicium Bernard and sinne against cleare light and act as if they were ignorant in the mystery of Christ and to seek in duties appertaining to God and their neighbour The sinne of such men shall be more heinous then many others whom God hath not given to know so much as he hath to them Make conscience thereof committing sinnes against conscience and of thwarting those holy rules which the Spirit of God by the preaching of his Word hath written in thy heart this makes the wayes of God to be evil spoken of and the seeking after knowledge to be condemned as the cause of all licentiousnesse when men bring scandal upon Religion by walking contrary to what they know 2. Art thou a knowing man take heed of being proud of thy knowledge Scientia inflat Knowledge puffeth up 1 Cor. 8.1 saith the Apostle men that know much are apt to know it too much and those that excell in knowledge are apt to swell with pride the best men are apt to be tainted with this infection Paul himself was subject to be exalted above measure through the abundance of Revelations 2 Cor. 12.7 take heed of pride of gifts learning wit knowledge for God hath not given us these things to the end that we should set them a Sun-shining or to make sale were of them but that we may use them to his glory the finest
cloth is soonest stained and the finest wits are most subject to pride for as wormes sooner ingender in tender wood then in knotty and as mothes breed sooner in fine cloth than in course flocks so pride and vain glory do sooner assault a man of excellent parts and great knowledge then one of meaner gifts therefore pride may be said to be indengred of the ashes of all vertues Ministers should in a speciall manner take heed of pride their calling is high their gifts are or should be great and they are apt to grow proud of them and the devill hath great reason to bestirre himself to puffe them up with their knowledge for he knoweth 1. If pride overthrow them they fall not alone but like blazing starres draw tailes after them 2. Errores magni sine magnis ingeniis non nascantur Because it is a meanes to ingender heresie and schismes great errours doe never spring up without great wits and many men who seek not truth but triumph will rather then not be singular not be sound Omnes doctrinae impietatis de superbiae radice proveniunt August Man is lighter then vanity and made of the dust therefore a little wind will blow him high enough and though a man have never so much cause of abasement yet knowledge is apt to puffe and lift a man up more then the other will cast him down A man of great knowledge should not be like the Palm-tree whereof Pliny tells us Plin. nat hist lib. 16. cap 42. that the more weight is laid upon it the higher it riseth but like to the Canes that are full of Sugar the fuller they are the lower they stoop much grace and knowledge should not make a man more high but more humble yet notwithstanding there is a spirituall glorying in the knowledge of God that is lawfull a spirituall heart hath a spirituall glorying in the knowledge of the Lord bred in him by the Spirit of God Jerem. 9.23 24. of this the Prophet Jeremy speaks Let not the wise man glory in his wisdome let not the strong man glory in his strength let not the rich man glory in his riches but let him that gloryeth glory in this that he understandeth and knoweth me that I am the Lord. When a man knoweth the Lord to be his God and portion and himself to be the Lords then may he glory in this excellent knowledge all other glorying is but vain Augustine writing upon the fourth Petition of the Lords Prayer August in Orat. Dominic tells us that the greatest Emperour in the world is a very begger in regard of God and we know that beggers must be no braggers wee are but Stewards and Stewards must not be stately we must not say of knowledge and the rest of our talents as the Atheists of their tongues Psal 12.4 that they be our own and that wee will use them or rather abuse them as we list what ever any body saith to the contrary this is a false plea and a flat Non-sequitur for we are but entrusted with them and must one day bee accountable for them wee must not therefore use them at our owne pleasure but according to our Masters appointment 3. Is thy spirit the candle of the Lord dost thou know God and his wayes then take heed of apostasy and back-sliding It is better not to have known the way of righteousnesse then after they have knowne to depart from the holy Commandement given unto them 2 Pet. 2.21 See that thy goodnesse be not as a morning cloud or early dew that soon passeth away It is not enough for a souldier to have skill to use his weapons and to make a faire flourish and gallant bravado and then runne away but he must double and treble his activity till he hath foiled his foe and possessed himselfe of the field It is not enough for a Saylour to be expert in the Art of Navigation to weigh his Anchors hoyse up his Sayles and go gallantly out but his skill appeares most in coming safe home againe So it is not enough to have some knowledge of Christ and to come to him Matth. 4.28 But we must abide in him John 8.31 and his word must abide in us then we shall be his disciples indeed In a word we must work till night in Gods Vineyard if we will have our penny for that 's not paid in the Morning but at Even Matth. 20.8 He that endureth to the end shall be saved Matth. 24.13 we must be faithfull to the death if we will have the Crowne of life Revel 2.10 Some enlightened persons are very forward professours at first Psal 70.57 but tire at last like the Asses of Armenia that go apace in the morning but grow dull before noon recoyling like a bad piece or deceitfull bow or like the foolish Galathians Gal. 3.3 beginning in the spirit and ending in the flesh It must not be with knowing Christians in the profession and practice of Religion as it was wont to be in the Jewes banquets to set forth their best wine first as our Saviour tells us John 2.10 whosoever are thus are no better then hypocrites and their motion forced and violent for that is still swift at first and slow at last A good Christian is best at last like the Church of Thyatira to whose commendation our Saviour Christ saith that he knew her works that they were moe at the last then at the first whosoever is not ever good and best at last was never truly good They that have been once enlightened and have tasted of the gifts of Gods Spirit Heb. 6.5 6. if they once fall away it is impossible or very difficult for them to be renewed againe by repentance FINIS