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A34849 A discourse of the covenants that God made with men before the law wherein the covenant of circumcision is more largely handled, and the invalidity of the plea for pædobaptism taken from thence discovered / by Nehemiah Coxe. Coxe, Nehemiah. 1681 (1681) Wing C6717; ESTC R7196 96,812 205

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〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Deus non semel olim omnia sed particulatim deinde etia● de●ersis modis sus notitiam ac cultum declaravit per Prophetas quò propius dies imminebat eo clariorem lucem edentes Bez. by diverse parts and after a diverse manner hath given out to his Church causing this Light gradually to encrease until the whole Mystery of his Grace was perfectly revealed in and by Jesus Christ in whom are hid all the treasures of Wisdom and Knowledg And that God unto whom all his Works were known from the beginning hath in all ages disposed and ordered the Revelation of his Will to Men his Transactions with them all the works of his holy Providence towards them with a * Deus in omnibus Actionibus prisci seculi semper ob oculos habebat tempora Messia Grot. Respect unto the fulness of time and the gathering of all things unto an Head in Christ Jesus therein So that in all our search after the mind of God in the holy Scriptures we are to manage our Enquiries with a respect to Christ And therefore the best Interpreter of the Old Testament is the holy Spirit speaking to us in the New because there we have the clearest Light of the Knowledg of the Glory of God shining upon us in the face of Jesus Christ by unveiling those counsels of Love and Grace that were hidden from former Ages and Generations Nevertheless the greater Light of the New Testament doth no way abate the usefulness of the Old but rather obligeth us the more to an humble and diligent Study thereof and that as on many other accounts so for this reason also because the Mystery of the Gospel cannot be throughly apprehended by us without some good understanding of the Oeconomy of the Law yea and also of the State of things before the Law the mutual respect and dependence of the Old and New Testament being such as neither can be understood apart or without the other nor an intire Sys●eme of Truth as it is in Jesus collected but from both It must be acknowledged therefore to be of great use and concern to us to be well acquainted with those Transactions of God with Men and his Dispensations towards them that are recorded in the sacred History of the first Ages of the World and the Church of God therein And in this Enquiry I shall at present ingage my self so f●r as those times reach that preceded the giving of the Law by Moses and no farther And in the performance of this to avoid tediousness in repeating what hath been by others handled at large and fully cleared I shall for the most part confine my self to brief Observations upon the Records of these things as left to us in the holy Scriptures and more largely insist on such Passages only as I conceive not to have been so fully spoken to by others or at least not handled in that Method and Order as to me seems most suited to the nature of the things treated of and so most apt to convey a clear notion of them to our Minds § 2. And forasmuch as those Transactions of God with Men which in this Enquiry we shall meet with are of a Foederal Nature it will be requisite that in the first place something be spoken of Covenant-Relation to God in general The original Words whereby a Covenant making striking or entring into Covenant are signified with their various use and application to particular Cases Vid. Cooceii de foedere ca. 1. R●●et in Gen. Exerc. 53. and Occasions have been fully explained by many and therefore passing that as to our present purpose it will be enough to mind you That a Covenant is to be considered either simply as proposed by God or as Man enters thereinto by Restipulation For 1. Whatsoever is transacted in a foederal way betwixt God and Men God hath the first hand in it As Christ said to his Disciples in another case that they had not chosen him but he had chosen them so may we say Man hath not at any time entred into Covenant with God but God hath entred into Covenant with Man seeing it only belongs to his Soveraign Majesty and is the fruit of his infinite Goodness to propose as of his Wisdom to choose and order the Terms of a Covenant-relation between himself and his Creatures And therefore the Covenant that he hath made with Men is frequently in Scripture said to be the Lord's Covenant as in Psal 25. 14. Isa 56. 4 6. and other places Howbeit 2. Covenant-relation to God and Interest in him doth not immediately result from the proposal of a Covenant and Terms of Covenant-relation to Man but it is by Restipulation that he actually enters into Covenant with God and becomes an interessed Party in the Covenant it is a mutual Consent of the parties in Covenant that states and compleats a Covenant-Relation and this is called an avouching of the Lord to be their God by consent to the Terms of a Covenant proposed to them Deut. 26. 16 17 18. a subscribing with the hand unto the Lord Isa 44. 5. and taking hold of his Covenant Chap. 56. 4 6. The formal notion of a Covenant entred or made includes Mutual Ingagement But yet 3. There can be no Covenant of mutual benefits betwixt God and Men as there may be betwixt one man and another for all Creatures do necessarily depend upon and have both their Being and Wel-Being from the Bounty of their Creator there is nothing that they have not received from him and therefore the most perfect of them can render nothing to him but what is due by the Law of their Creation None can be profitable to God tho' he that is righteous may be so both to himself Job 35. 7 8. Rom. 11. 35 36. and his Neighbour and therefore none can oblige God or make him their Debtor unless he condescend to oblige himself by Covenant or Promise § 3. The general notion of any Covenant of God with Men considered on the part of God or as proposed by him may be thus conceived of That it is * Est enim Dei Foedus nihil aliud quam divina declaratio de ratione percipiendi amoris Dei unione ac communione ipsius potiendi Cocceius de Foed A declaration of his Soveraign Pleasure concerning the Benefits he will bestow on them the Communion they shall have with him and the way and means whereby this shall be injoyed by them And for the better understanding of what I intend by this general Description I shall briefly propose some particulars that are either included in it or are the immediate and necessary consequents of it viz. 1. It implies a free and Soveraign Act of the Divine Will exerted in condescending Love and Goodness it is not from any necessity of Nature that God enters into Covenant with Men but of his own good Pleasure Such a priviledg and nearness to God as is