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A17054 A commentary upon the Canticle of Canticles, written first in Italian by Antonio Brucioli, and now translated into English by Th. Iames fellow of New colledge in Oxford; Annotationi sopra i proverbii di Salamo. English Brucioli, Antonio, 1487-1566.; James, Thomas, 1573?-1629. 1598 (1598) STC 3928; ESTC S118389 80,311 190

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it is no strange phrase in the scripture to call the concubines by the name of wiues although it be euident out of the olde testamēt that the chiefe of them were called wiues and the rest concubines as it is manifest by Abrahams wiues Thus thē the whole Church being considered together is one perfect spouse of Christ called a doue because of the gifts of the holie Ghost which are contained in her and the more speciall particular and greater Churches are called Queenes the lesser concubines because although they be threescore in number that is enough yet these are fourscore that is more for indeed the lesser Churches are more in number then the greater the young damsels are the faithfull soules without number because there are many which are vnknowne to vs. The Text. 9 VVho is she that looketh forth as the morning faire as the moone pure as the sunne terrible as an armie with banners 10 I went downe to the garden of nuts to see the fruits of the valley to see if the vine budded and if the pomegranates flourished 11 I knew nothing my soule set me as the chariots of my noble people 12 Returne returne ô Shulamite returne returne that we may behold thee what shalt thou see in the Shulamite but as the companie of an armie The Commentarie THe Church is the morning which hath not yet receiued the fulnes of her light which she shall receiue in glorie the M●●●e is the truth of Christs doctrine which shineth in the darknesse but the darknes comprehēded it not Ioh. 1. The Sun as Christ Iesus Esa 60. vers 20. Thou shalt haue no more Sunne to shine by day neither shall the brightnesse of the moone shine vnto thee for the Lord shall be thine euerlasting light and thy God thy glory Thy ●un shal neuer go down neither shall the moone be hid for the Lord shal be thine euerlasting light Thus then the Church is faire but faire as the moone that is faire as the truth because all her beauty and fairenesse commeth from thence for so grea● is her beauty and comelinesse as her faith is great in Gods word if her life be answerable therunto afterwards shee is elected as the su● Christ who in all the elect is sayd to be th● first borne because others are elected and predestinated vnto saluation frō the beginning for his sake that she is terrible as an army wit● banners It hath bene already shewed yo● in the beginning of this chap where you may read the very same words And this interrogatiue kinde of speech Who is she are th● words of Christ spoken by the way of admiration to make the glorie of the Churc● more known vnto al the world I went dow● to the garden of nuttes to see the fruites of th● valley to see if the vine budded and if th● pomegranates flourished I went downe c. He calleth the Church a garden of nuts because the kernell and sweetnesse thereof is contained vnder an hard shell of aduersitie Christ came downe into this garden to preserue the fruits of the waters or torrents that is to say of the elect which are as trees planted by the riuers of waters as it is in the first Psalme To see whether the vine budded 〈…〉 to say the faith of those elect of the elect which cōtinually haue their faiths accōpani●d followed with good works we may obserue this in these wordes of Christ vnto the Church I went downe that there is nothing which may any way belong or appertaine vnto the good of the Church but he reuealeth and maketh it knowen vnto her The Spouse speaketh vnto the Bridegroome I knew nothing my soule set me as the chariots of my noble people I knew nothing c. Christ deliuered vnto the spouse the manner of his comming downe vnto her and that in the verse immediatly going before to whom she replyeth after this manner I knew not that is to say I marked not that you were so neare me till you bewrayed your selfe vnto me by your sweete and pleasant wordes likewise I knew not when thou departed● from me vnlesse it pleased thee to reueale the same vnto me and the reason is because no man knoweth the hidden secrets and mysteries of God vnlesse it be God and him vnto whom God reuealeth them and it followeth my soule The soule of the Church is Christ it is a very vsuall and significatiue kind of speech to expresse a mans loue because he that loueth a thing earnestly and vehemently calleth that which he loueth his soule so that the righteous mā which loueth Christ saith that Christ is his soule he set me as the chariots of my people which runne willingly in the course of Gods words but although they be willing in spirit and readie in mind yet they draw after them heauie weake chariots or burdens and therefore I will goe draw those chariots I will enter into them and confirme the weake and frayle ones with the doctrine of pietie comfort those that are comfortlesse and as much as I can frame my selfe wholly vnto their seruice caring not what shall happen vnto me so that I may winne some vnto the Gospell And hence it was that S. Paul boasted of his infirmities and labours which hee suffered and endured for Gods people The words of the young damsels vnto the Spouse Returne returne ô Shulamite returne returne that we may behold thee what shall you see in the Shulamite but as the companions of any armie Returne c. It hath beene oftentimes declared vnto you before that by the name of damsels or young virgins are signified the faithfull people of God which are all renewed in Christ and euery one of them hath a youngnesse or youth of mind these viewing and beholding the great care and diuerse troubles of the Church which she suffereth and endureth for their sakes are constrained to reioyce in the true charitie thereof because it is proper vnto the faithfull alone to reioyce be glad in the Lord whē they see the loue of others towards thē which they desire and studie as much as in them lieth to immitate and expresse Therfore these are the words of the faithfull vnto the Church of God which is so carefull and pensiue for their good Returne ô Shulamite that is to say O thou peaceable and quiet spouse of Christ because that she ought to be a peaceable spouse of her peaceable husband Christ to the end that her nature may be answerable vnto her name and the thing concord and concurre with the words The doubling and repetitiō of the word returne discouereth the greatnes of their affections whence should she returne whence shold she come from labours and griefe from sorrow and trouble● for verily we can not but see how the Church is vexed and tormented watcheth and fasteth laboureth sweateth and all this shee is content to receiue at the hands of the wicked for the behoofe good of the
loued of the righteous But let vs heare what those righteous mē are which he here speaketh of they are those which are restored againe into that former righteousnes wherein man was created at the first which he lost by sin he saith the righteous loue thee because it is not possible for any man to loue God vnles he be first brought backe againe vnto that righteousnes which he declined from by reason of the crookednes and peruersnes of sin Wherfore it is not without cause that they are called crooked and peruerse men which seeke after earthly things and they righteous which seek heauenly and celestiall things The Text. 4 I am black ô daughters of Ierusalem but comely as the tents of Kedar and as the curtains of Salomon 5 Regard ye me not because I am black for the sunne hath looked vpon mee The sonnes of my mother were angrie against me they made me the keeper of the vines but I kept not mine owne vine 6 Shew me ô thou whō my soule loueth where thou feedest where thou lyest at noone for why should I be as she that turneth aside to the flocks of thy companions The Commentarie The words of the Spouse vnto the yong virgins Lastly because she that would so faine be made partaker of the bridegroomes ointments must needs be partaker of his calamities and aduersities therefore the spouse by her owne example instructeth her virgins saying O daughters of Ierusalē that is to say O ye faithful soules I am blacke as who shold say you haue smelled the sweete sauour of Christs ointments you haue bene admitted into his chambers and secret places and all things please you because you seeke by all maner of meanes to glorifie the bridegrome saying the righteous loue thee but now my darlings I must tell you of one thing more you must study and indeuour as much as in you lyeth that you do not depart and slide away from that righteousnes which you haue obtained and attained vnto either for feare of any aduersity or crosse which shal be laid vpon you by the wicked which you must needs suffer and endure wil you nill you For marke you I my selfe which am the Church and his deare spouse as long as I liue in the flesh why I my selfe am blacke and as a cast-away afflicted of the reprobate and carnall minded men notwithstanding in the sight of God and iudgement of my dearest bridegroome I am comely and faire And so indeed the Church is made blacke and duskish that is to say deformed vnhandsom by the aduersities of her oppressiōs but is notwithstāding beautiful and welfauored by reason of the comelinesse seemlinesse of her vertues this is said in regard of the words before going the righteous loue thee For because she would shew her righteousnesse and strengthen the weake hearts of the faithfull which in this place she calleth daughters of Ierusalē that is daughters of the heauēly country she speaks vnto them after this sort Maruel not to see me blacke with oppressions for I am faire and beautifull in the desire of heauenly things true it is that I am black with the studie of humility but faire in the practise of vertues I am black in the eyes of fooles but faire in the vnderstanding of the wise blacke with the remembrāce of my sins but faire in the contēplation beholding of heauenly matters black vnto those who liue wickedly disorderly by setting before their eies the terrors horrors of eternal punishments faire vnto all those which liue righteously holily by promising thē the ioyes of heauē euerlasting blisse black in the vility humility of my body faire in the sanctity holines of the soule blacke here vpon earth but shall be faire in heauen blacke in suffering of momentary and temporary euils faire in expectation of eternall euerlasting goods S. Paul was black whē he was almost stoned to death but on the contrary side he was faire amiable when he was caught vp into the 3. heauens in the deformitie of his blacknes he said these words We are the very excrements of the world and sweepings as it were of all men in the pride of his beauty he said The vail being takē away we shal behold the glorie of God As the tents of Keaar Keaar was one of Ismaels sons frō whence the people of the Scythians were deriued which dwell in tents which are in outward shew dark obscure but within they contain many precious and costly things and euen thus no otherwise fareth it with me saith the spouse now at this present For I am outwardly afflicted seem to the eyes of mortall men obscure abādoned and despised both of God man although indeed both in respect of the bridegroms ointmēts wherwith he hath annointed me as also in regard of that rest of mind and peace of cōscience which he hath grāted vnto me I am within ful of beauty pleasure thus thē I am within my selfe a sinner an abiect or castaway but in my husband and bridegrome Christ iust glorious in my self of my self black in him faire beautiful As the curtains of Salomon Here it is takē for that vaile which he made in the tēple as those curtains within the temple were most fair so my beauty hādsomnes is hiddē internal inclosed within me because the ineffable vnspeakeable peace graces of my bridegrome are secret vnknown to the world but known to me for I content my selfe with thē knowing that the blacke clouds of my sins iniquities of my persecutions tribulations shal soone fade vanish away Regard ye me not The spouse being very careful for her yong maidēs fearing least they should be discouraged because she told thē that her beauty did not outwardly appeare cōforteth strēgtheneth thē with these cheerful sayings Do not you cōtemne or forsake me because my light is somewhat obscured darkned or because I liue in aduersity seem vnto the world to be a reprobate and castaway sinner because the sun looketh vpon me but what sun our Lord and Sauiour Iesus Christ the sonne of God the true sunne of iustice which is the true light that lighteneth euery man that cōmeth into the world Iohn chap. 1. And this is said because euery soule that stādeth in the heat of this sun must needs become blacke because of the exceeding great glory of his light that is must needs truly hūble prostrate her self before his face acknowledging that al her works euē the best of them are nothing els but darknes sinne notwithstanding in the ful confidence of her husband she perseuereth cōtinueth in doing wel but trusteth not in her merits or weldoings but reioyceth in them because the Sun doth blacken darken thē whilest that shee frō time to time doth mortifie the old man by humbling her self voluntary suffering of al maner of persecutions