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ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A19029	A right frutefull and approoued treatise, for the artificiall cure of that malady called in Latin Struma, and in English, the evill, cured by kinges and queenes of England Very necessary for all young practizers of chyrurgery. Written by William Clowes, one of her Maiesties chyrurgions, in the yeare of our Lord. 1602.	Clowes, William, ca. 1540-1604.	1602 (1602)	STC 5446; ESTC S105025	43,357	77

shewes to Countryes natiue soyle To practise finde and write for all instructions still Let Clowes be loued his fame and him defend Who what he prooued the same for vs hath pend FINIS 〈…〉 practitioner of Phisicke and Chyrurgery LET him giue thankes that hath not else wherewith to gratifie His friend that giues so great a gift to cure the Strumacye Nor that alone he comprehends his helpfull remedyes Dissolue hard Tumors colde Inflations Fluxes and Nodosities Approaching age makes wisdome in his tongue His heart gain'd Arte when yet his yeeres were young He Chimicke Arte disclaimes to know yet Ladanum he showes And many good collections more his pen doth heere disclose The quintessence of his whole life in gayning skyll consumed He graunteth franckly to thine vse with Science sweets perfumed Future times shall praise his meditation And him repose in Heauens consolation Base ignoraunce bids me conceale mine owne vnworthynes True loue to Arte compelles me more Teschewe vngratefulnes Impute my faults t'affectionsforce and his well deseruing That spends his sprites and restlesse houres in mans life preseruing The long experience and good Arte of this our Clowes Deserueth rightly more reward then Lawrell bowes FINIS AN INTRODUCTION With an Apologie or answere to certaine malicious back-byters IT is certainly affirmed and confidently reputed and holden of diuers worthy Phisitians and Chirurgians both Ancient and such as haue florished of late yéeres which haue intreated of the Cure of the before named dolorous Maladie and they all by one vniforme consent and voice conclude and agrée that it is a Glandulus Tumour or swelling hard knotty and kyrnelly hauing their beginning and growing contrarie and besides nature and is ingendred of grosse matter and Phlegme And as saith Iacobus Ruffus they are most commonly included within their peculiar Cistis filme or skinne as is Steatoma Atheroma and Meliceris which aforesaid skin is knowne to be engendred of a colde congealed tough glewish humour or substance of the Kirnels whereof a skinne is made which compasseth them about Howbeit I haue séene and also it is a most experimented truth that some kindes of these Phlegmaticall Abscessions when they haue béen besiedged as it were or beset with vehement daungerous accidents as héereafter shall be declared which in continuance of time haue bin the cause they haue growne corrupted vnmooueable or fixed vnto the parts adioyning whereby after there hath bin seperation made there hath not bin found any bladder or skin at all notwithstanding the great care diligence that then was had This most miserable infirmity saith Paulus Aegineta doth scituate or seate it self in the fore part of the necke vnder the Chin also on the sides of the chéekes sometime spreadeth it selfe vpon the brest vnder the Arme-pits Groynes some be déeply lodged a far off in the slesh also do oftentimes possesse the great Vaines and Arteryes called Carotides And those that are thus vexed subiect to this troublesome Infirmity are for the most part Phlegmatick persons greatly giuen to ouermuch Idlenes slouthfulnes of life are addicted to excessiue and inordinate eating of grosse Flegmaticke meates which manifolde Malady I haue also found by experience that the Cure thereof stretcheth it selfe beyond the bounds of other ordinary sicknesses diseases Cornelius Celsus likewise saith that Scrophula is a Tumour in the which are certaine kyrnels ingendred of matter and bloud and doe most chiefly grow in the fore part of the Necke in the Arme-pits the Groyne in the sides and hath bin found in Womens brestes Vigo a man for his learning and experience in this Cure in many other great Infirmities as it appeareth was wonderfully graced with the good opinion and fauour of the time wherein hee liued since his death greatly honoured by dyuers learned Writers and many other men famous in Phisicke and Chyrurgery He also sayth that Scrophula taketh the name of Scropha which signifieth a Sow that is a Gluttonous and Phlegmaticke beaste and it groweth in them by reason of their ouermuch eating There be other some againe which say that it is called Scrophula eyther because that Sowes which giue sucke be subiect to this disease and that is by reason of their gréedy eating or else because the Sow that giueth Milke brings foorth many young ones at once Now héere it is to be further noted that Vigo doth not promise or warrant alwaies and to euery one a certaine absolute Cure but doth as I and many other also haue done ascribe the praise and dignity therof vnto Kings and Quéenes of England and of France In déede I haue oftentimes read and I haue also béen credibly enformed by Master Francis Rasis and Master Peter Lowe two of the French Kinges Chyrurgians that the French King doth also Cure many Strumous people onely by laying on of his hand and saying God make thee whole the King toucheth thee or The King toucheth thee the Lord make thee whole It is further said that this disease happeneth not alwayes Hip Aphor. sect 3. vnto young children which bee subiect to much crudity rawe humours by voracity but likewise vnto middle aged persons of a stronger constitution and also vnto very olde folkes Many therefore imitating Vigo and other of our Sages graue learned Forefathers doe affirme that these Scrophulous Tumours bee the lesse daungerous to be cured by the Arte of Chyrurgery which is taken in the beginning of the sicknes so far foorth as it wil please Almighty God to giue a grace and blessing to our labours But vndoubtedly if it be of any long continuance the Cure thereof may prooue very hard and difficult yea if it be in the bodies of yong persons But in olde folkes I haue obserued very sildome that they do receiue any curatiō perfectly by the Arte of Chirurgery I meant that it is then aboue my learning and weake capacity to cure the same if the disease bee confirmed hauing certaine occult and hidden hard knotty kyrnelly swellings being deepely lodged and placed in the flesh but especially about Trachea Arteria or the winde Pipe or néer the Nerui Recurrentes or amongst the great Veynes and Arteries before named these indéede I holde to bee for the most part very daungerous to be attempted for feare of violating or touching the said principall Vessels eyther by incision or Caustick remedies which often times bring with them many vnfortunate Symptomes or iniurious accidents as héereafter more at large shall appeare Also it is hard to cure a noysome corrupt and malignant vlcerous Struma which doth many times degenerate into incurable Cancerous rebellious Phistulous Vlcers Likewise I hold it for a certaine truth that the Cure is not to be attempted by the Arte of Chirurgery if a man haue it by inheritance and so naturally borne from their Parents These kindes of Scropholus abcessions doe rather presage a Diuine and holy curation which is most admirable to the world

ij Misce This place will not admit me héere orderly to set downe at large those great cures which I haue séene healed by other Chirurgians of whome I obtained the knowledge of the foresaid remedyes And I haue also with the same cured and healed many of the like cures but especially in the curing of fraudulēt Vlcers in Ano. the said remedy being Artificially made and prepared according to the Chymistes Arte the subiect is onely Plumbj rub et Acetj fort Also I haue thought it good to set downe the manner of making the foresaid Ol. Ouor that is take 20. or 30. Egges more or lesse let them be sodden very hard which done lay a side the whites and reserue onely the yolks so let them be wel laboured and beaten in a cleane morter then put them into a Frying pan cause thē be well fryed continually stirring them till it come to an Oylye substance and after presse it foorth according to Arte. Recipe White Varnish ℥ ij   Lytarge of golde ℥ j. Put the Varnish in a litle broad earthen Pan being made flat and well nealed the bignes of a great Sawcer and strewe in the Litarge by little and little and stir it together euery two houres and it will in the end come to a certaine hardnesse in such sort that you may beate it to powder and strew of this powder vpon your Pledgets for the cure of the outward Abscession which likewise troubled him greatly being so hard nody and knotty so that I feared they would haue degenerate into a Scirrhus but I did mollify and dissolue them with these remedyes following A speciall molifying dissoluing Cataplasma G. Kebble Recipe Turnips and Lilly rootes An. lib ss boyled in stronge Ale or Malmesey q. s. which being boyled very tender then straine gently foorth the lyquors and beate the roote very well in a stone morter and adde therunto Beane meale and Barly meale and Ote-meale of each a handfull then take the liquors that the fore named rootes were boyled in and adde thereunto Marsh Mallow rootes two handfuls of Fenygreke and Lineséede each of them a handfull Let these stand infused 12. houres then boyle it to a thicknesse and so straine it strongly Then take of this Mussilage lib. ss and adde to it also Oyle of Lineséede and swéet Butter An. q. s. and of Saffron the waight of 4. d. Then boyle all together to a consistence Et fiat Cataplasma Also I often vsed Emplastrum de Ranis cum Mercurio et Emplastrum Dyachilon maius Emplastrum de Muscilaginibus as is before named And thus I cured this Sea-faringman and so continued to my knowledge 11. yeares in the end hee dyed in the last voyage with Sir Frances Drake An Obseruation of a Maide whose friends supposed she had the Euill before rehearsed when I was but a young Professor in this faculty and Arte of Chyrurgerie An obseruation of a Maide dwelling at Yalding in kent ABout thirty yéeres past as it were in the minority of this my practice I did obserue there was brought vnto me by a Preacher then being Vicar of Yalding a towne in Kent a Maiden about the age of 22. yeares hauing a stronge and able body and of a reasonable good constitution who was supposed to haue that Euill called Struma Yee shall vnderstand this Vicar was a man that did practise both Phisicke and Chirurgery this Mayden was a long time troubled with an Vlcer in one of her legges and a great swelling in one side of her necke which Maladyes the foresaid Vickar did take vpon him to cure and heale how be it in continuance of time he grew weary of his worke and tolde a neighbour of his called Master Eden a Gentleman dwelling also in Yalding that the Maide his Patient as hee supposed had the Quéenes Euill which Gentleman 's Daughter not long before I had cured of the same The sayd Gentleman perswaded the Vicar not to spend time too long but to cause her to bee ●●●t vp to London to mee whose counsaile presently he followed the Vicar and the Maide and her father consulted together and came to mée to London By the aduice of one M. Archē boule and Beeden Chirurgians of London and shewed me her griefe and the continuance of the same So after diligent view taken by me I found it was not the Euil as he supposed but a sort of crude and rawe humours flocking together in her neck with a putrifyed corrupt Vlcer vpon her right leg so I told him he was deceiued in her griefe Then they went their way and asked further counsell which all were of my opinion Then they came vnto me the next day and I did vndertake the cure with the counsaile of one Doctor Spering a graue and learned Phisition who prescribed her an order of dyet with conuenient purging It is to be noted hee gaue vnto her in thrée seuerall boxes thrée sundry purgations to be taken at thrée seuerall times set downe in writing very plainely as might be deuised In like maner I deliuered vnto them all such locall remedies as was fit for both her griefes amongst the rest I noted in writing that the first thing shee should vse vnto the Vlcer on her legge was Vnguentum Aegiptiacum which I made very strong and of a high and thicke body for that I would haue her spred it vpō pledgets somwhat thick and after to procéede with other méete remedies But note what ill hap followed by the Maydes carelesnes and too much negligence In the morning after she came home to Yalding by 7. of the clocke and tooke one of the 3. Purgations which the Doctor gaue vnto her to take shee set it vpon a stoole by the fire where shee meant first to dresse her legge in conclusion by great ouersight she laide the Purgation to her legge and did eate vp the whole boxe of Aegiptiacum which was nere 2. oun and as she said afterwards it was very vntoothsome and loathsome in tasting All this while for two hours space she felt litle working of it but did begin in the end greatly to burne did complaine in her stomacke throate mouth and casted extreamely also shortly after purged downe very greatly thus continued for the space of one day one night before she sought for helpe In the end the Vicar was not to be found but stayed at London then they sent vnto Maidestone to an Italian Phisitian called Santa-Cilia Santa-Cilia and he being giuen to vnderstand by them that by meanes of a purgation shee was in a great burning heate in her body purged vomitted too aboundantly and so wanted sléepe greatly for the which hee gaue them a prescript vnto the Apothecary but first that they themselues should apply her with butter-milke and new milke and some good fat Mutton brothes and to helpe to stay her purging he counsailed them to giue her to drinke oftentimes Red-wine

that I haue séene and knowne performed and done by the sacred and blessed hands of the Quéenes most Royall Maiesty whose happinesse and felicity the Lord long continue But sith the barrennesse of my learning and wit is such and that my memorie will not affoord mee héere orderlie to set downe in fewe words that which I doe conceiue and vnderstand touching this my determined purpose for the Cure of this haynous Maladie which in the Pilgrimage of my practize and contemplations I haue most diligentlie obserued not onely by mine owne selfe with such portion of knowledge as the Lord hath endued me withall But also I haue béen a diligent and a painfull obseruer of the labours and practises of others being men of great knowledge and sound iudgement in the Arte Wherefore to make héere manifest the cause which hath pricked mee héere forward to leaue my other affaires and so to drawe me from my ordinarie practises and studies being more beneficiall for my maintenances is not that I goe about héereby to impaire the credit or reputation of others being more auncient Professors It is the Lord God knoweth farre from my true meaning they are those whome I loue honour and reuerence Neyther doe I héer ambitiously goe about with the swéet impression of fayre promises greater then my abilitie is to teach and instruct or curiously to set downe a better and perfecter way of curing this haynous Malady then others more learned men before me I may not well say so Neuerthelesse he hardlie may be accompted for a good Soldier which hath learned no more then his Captaine hath taught him or a barrensconce that hath no inuentions in it But I will confesse héere the onely cause why I haue enterprized or taken vpon me to write of this forenamed Infirmitie is I protest a token of my loue and diligence towards all young Practisers of this noble Arte of Chirurgerie howsoeuer otherwise a painfull and tedious trauel vnto me Notwithstanding I could in no wise satisfie the expectation of certaine of my vnfained friends but that I must make here a true briefe rehearsall of my owne obseruations and knowledge touching the cure of the foresaid Euill which a long time I haue practised How be it being sorry to minister An Apology to answere certaine reproachfull back-biters offence to any by reason of publication héereof Notwithstanding I haue béen crediblie enformed and also it is vnto my selfe well knowne there bee some whome I litle suspected and lesse thought vpon would haue béen so wilfully bent without iust cause to giue occasion of offence and did séeme as it were to repine and mislike of this my enterprise and as it were did partly reiect my knowledge and iudgement concerning the Cure before named and in the presence of certaine persons of good sort brake out with ambitious curiosity and said I was not capable of the Theoricke of this my Subiect and so wanted knowledge of my selfe to publish these matters which I haue héere taken vpon mee in some measure to performe and thus went about not onely to discredit mee but likewise to put me to vtter silence as though I had spent all the daies of my life in the rude woodes or wilde Forrest of Ignorance Which thing as it gréeued me to heare so in maner it forced mee to answere Let these men sooth themselues I say neuer so much they are knowne to be of no such déep learning nor exquisite Literature as they would make the world beléeue Howbeit if it please these enuious men to speake iudge of me with equity right it is wel knowne to most men He that will vse Chyrurgery must needly follow the wars attend on forrain● Armies Hipo. Lib. de Medic that I haue studied practised this worthy Arte of Chirurgery sithence the 4. yeare of her Maiesties Raigne Anno Dom. 1563. Where first I serued in her Highnes wars at New-hauen vnder the commaund of the Right Honorable Ambrose Earle of Warwicke Knight of the Noble Order of the Garter then Lieuetenant of the Army Forces in those parts After with seruice being ended before I was appointed Chirurgian to serue in her Maiesties Nauy in her ships Royall also in other men of war within a smal time after I was imployed in the Hospitalles in London and there practised the said Arte of Chirurgery for certaine yéeres vntill I was sent for vnto the wars in the Low Countries by the Noble Earle of Leicester and further commaunded by her Maiesty with all spéed to repaire vnto the said Earle where I continued for the space of 9. Moneths since before I haue had conference also often practised with the best and skilfullest Chyrurgians both English and Strangers within the City of London and else where and now as it were partly ouer-worne with yeares and Seruices Nothwithstanding by her Maiesties fauour and good liking whome the Almighty long preserue now I am sworne admitted one of her Highnes Chirurgians And therefore in all reasonable He that pitch doth touch shall defiled be with such likely-hood I am not so barren or grosse witted and vnlearned in the Arte as some haue termed mee to bee And yée shall further vnderstand it was not long before it pleased some of them to say they had graced me with the good opinion they had of me and moreouer stood in the gap of my defence against other such which then were also sore troubled with the Fluxe of a fowle mouth vsed me at their pleasures for their common Table talke with scoffing fléering and deriding aboue manners and modesty The same being tolde mee me thought it was a strange alteration howbeit I did take their good spéeches very kindly and so would haue done still if it had pleased them to continue in the same good opinion of me or to haue bin silent But it is truly said Hanibal knew wel how to subdue the Romanes yet he knew not how to entertaine his Victories It is not enough for a man to haue begun a good worke vnlesse he stil preseuer continue in the same Wherfore I wil héere abreuiate my spéeches wishing to God that this my labor were so perfect that I néeded not to regard the curious examination censure of any aduersary neyther will I detaine you with many moe circumstances but here acknowledge my own vnworthynes And therfore I beséech thée friendly Reader in a word to suffer mee with pacience to signifie vnto you that I doe not héere peremptorily goe about to teach or instruct such persons which are already grounded in the principles and knowledge of this Arte But my onely meaning is to direct my whole course according as I haue obserued the best learned haue héeretofore done in all times and ages that is vnto the Iunior or yonger Chir●rgiens whe as it were haue made but an entrance into the practice of the said facultie whose skill peraduenture is as yet not