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A56472 A treatise of three conversions of England from paganism to Christian religion. The first two parts I. Under the Apostles, in the first age after Christ, II. Under Pope Eleutherius and King Lucius, in the second age, III. Under Pope Gregory the Great and King Ethelbert, in the sixth age : with divers other matters thereunto appertaining : dedicated to the Catholics of England, with a new addition ... upon the news of the late Queens death, and the succession of His Majesty of Scotland to the crown of England / by N.D., author of the Ward-word. Parsons, Robert, 1546-1610. 1688 (1688) Wing P575; ESTC R36659 362,766 246

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humor our latter Sectaries also have thought best to continue 23. But if we go to more ancient Writers such I mean as lived in the very time or soon after the matter is pretended to have fallen out that is to say with Leo IV. that held the See eight years six months and three days from the year of Christ 847 to 855 and with Pope Benedictus III. that immediately followed him after some few days of vacancy to wit from the year 855 to 858. These Authors I say do shew evidently that these two Popes being both Romans succeeded immediately one after another without any John or Joan coming in between them As for Example Anastasius Bibliothecarius a man of great Reputation that lived in both these Popes times and was present at both their Elections and wrote the particulars thereof sheweth amongst other points That Leo IV. died the 16th day before the Calends of August and that all the Clergy of Rome being gathered together he doth not say the Cardinals as foolish John Fox doth for that that kind of Election was not then in use with one consent did choose Benedict III. c. 24. Thus writeth Anastasius and with him do agree the Historiographers that followed next after him as Audomarus Luitprandus Rhegino Hermanus Contractus Lambertus Schafnabergensis Otho Frisengensis Conradus Abbas Vrspergensis and others long before Martinus Polonus who in their Chronologies do place Benedictus III. immediately after Leo IV. without admitting any other Man or Woman between them And the very same also doth write Ado Bishop of Vienna that lived at the same time Leone obeunte Benedictus in sede Apostolica constituitur Leo IV. being dead Benedict was placed for him in the Apostolical See. And as for Joannes VIII they do place him four Popes after Leo IV. to wit next to Adrianus II. and say he was a Roman and reigned ten years distinctly So as if they should miss in this count of Popes and Years the Error must needs be manifest in Chronology Yea not only Latin Writers but even the Greek Historiographers Zonaras Cedrenus Curopalatas and others that wrote before Martinus Polonus of matters concerning the Latin Church in those days and were no Friends to the same and would have been content of such an Advantage to object against it yet write they nothing thereof at all which is an evident proof that there was no such matter 25. But besides these Authorities of external Authors I have one Argument also of no small moment as it seemeth to me taken from our ancient English Histories written in the Latin Tongue to wit William of Malmsbury Henry Huntington Roger Hoveden Florentius Vigorniensis and Matthew of Westminster whereof the first four lived 500 years agone and are elder than Polonus and the latest of them 300 years and was equal with him and no one of them all maketh any mention of this Pope Joan which yet in reason they should have done above others for that they do all agree that in the time of Pope Leo IV. towards the end of his Reign about the year of Christ 853 King Ethelwolph before mentioned Son to King Egbert having put his Kingdom of England in the best order he could and left the Government thereof for his absence to his eldest Son Aethelbald assisted with the helps of his second and third Brothers Athelbricke and Athelred took his journey for Rome leading with him his fourth Son Alured or Alfred who afterward also was King which he loved most tenderly above the rest of his Children And coming to Rome he delivered the same Alfred being yet of very young Age according to the account of Matthew Westminster into the hands of the said Pope Leo IV. to be instructed and brought up by him as John Fox also relateth and that the said Pope received him with great kindness and was his Godfather in the Sacrament of Confirmation detaining him there with him But how long this Prince stay'd in Rome after his Father's return tho' it be not set down in particular yet that it was some number of years seemeth evident both for that he return'd more Learned and otherwise better qualified than any Saxon King had been before him and for that we find no mention of his Acts in England until in the Reign of his third Brother Athelred for all three reigned in order after Ethelwolf their Father upon the year 871 at the famous Battle of Reading in Barkshire fought against the Danes where he being present and Lieutenant to his Brother the King tho' he were but Twenty-two years old according to the account of Florentius and of Matthew Westminster yet seeing the Enemies Army to press upon him and his Brother to stay over long at Mass he gave them Battle in a very unequal place but with such Valour as he obtained a notable Victory c. But to our purpose of Pope Joan. 26. It is very like by that which I have said that this Prince Alfred living in Rome when Pope Leo IV. died and when Pope Benedict III. was chosen must needs have known also Pope Joan if any such had entred lived two years a half between them as Fox would have it And further that some of our ancient Historiographers writing of those Times so particularly as they do would have made some mention thereof especially if this She-Pope were an English-woman or called Joannes Anglus as Polonus saith or Anglicus as Platina relateth or if she were born brought up or had studied in England as the Magdeburgians and others of their Sect devise or if she went up and down the World in the company of an English Monk of the Monastery of Fulda as John Fox doth fable It is like I say that if any of these things had been true Prince Alfred or some of his Train residing then in Rome would have known her or been acquainted with her or with the Monk that led her about or at leastwise have received some special help at her hand when she came to be Pope which would have deserved some memory in our Histories But our foresaid Writers do not only not make any mention of her or of any John or Joan English Pope that came between Leo IV. and Benedict III. but do expresly exclude the same by placing the one immediately after the other and assigning them their distinct number of years before mentioned to wit eight years and three months to Leo and two years and six months immediately following to Benedictus III. For so doth Malmsbury in his Chronology and Florentius in his Chronicon and Matthew of Westminster in his History whose words are these Anno Gratiae 855 Leone Papa defuncto successit ei Benedictus annis duobus mensibus sex diebus decem In the year of Grace 855 Pope Leo IV. being dead Benedict III. did succeed him and sate two years six months and ten days c. Which agreeth with all the