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ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A48635	Observations on the letter written by the Duke of Buckingham to Sir Thomas Osborn, upon the reading of a book called The present interest of England stated written in a letter to a friend.	Bethel, Slingsby, 1617-1697.; Holles, Denzil Holles, Baron, 1599-1680.; Leeds, Thomas Osborne, Duke of, 1631-1712.; Lisola, François Paul, baron de, 1613-1674.	1689 (1689)	Wing L2374; ESTC R37612	25,658	54

and deny to the Dutch the like Power by theirs as if they had a right to deal as they please towards other Nations and yet none to do towards them by way of Retaliation any more than they shall think fit to give them leave to do an overweening opinion of their own Greatness which all Princes and States ought to be Jealous of as not knowing where their Ambition will end And besides these things thus instanced in we have great cause to take notice that as the effect of the implacable Hatred of the French to our Nation they cannot forbear in their Writings to express their Inveterate Malice against us as that Book called Le Politique de France writ in the year 1669. and Dedicated to the French King is a pregnant Testimony where no better Epithets are allowed us than being without Friends without Faith without Religion without Honesty without any Justice of defying or provoking Natures light or unconstant to the highest degree Cruel Impatient Gluttons Proud Audacious and Covetous proper for ready Execution and Assaults but uncapable of managing a War with judgment With other such-like opprobrious and reproachful Expressions besides a Method propounded to be observed in order to the Conquest of England Page 158 159 160 161. enough to raise a lawful Indignation in all true English-men against such Insolent Slanderers who by their Impudence endeavour to impose their own Characters upon us contrary to the known experience of the rest of the World. And now Sir I have no more to add than all Circumstances considered my Agreement with the Pamphlet in this Principle that while France is so Great as at present it can in no kind be for the Safety of England to subvert Holland and Zealand c. which are properly called their Out-guards or Works against all Invasions and cannot be demolished or in the hands of the French without laying England Naked or at least the more open to that Nation and that nothing is more demonstrable than that since the United Provinces cannot signifie much without Freedom they will under their own Government be of most use to all Christendom save France who only wants them as a Qualification for threatning instead of courting their Neighbours in maintaining the general Ballance of Europe even as it was great Wisdom in the long Parliament for the wickedest of men may have Worldly Prudence to joyn with Holland in the preserving of Denmark as necessary for the Ballancing of Sweden when Cromwel in his time in revenge of manifest Affronts and hatred had designed the ruine of the Dane And thus Sir having in Obedience to your Commands given you freely my sense of the Pamphlet and Letter without varying from the matter in either as it is in them respectively stated I hope you will pardon any thing wherein I may differ with you in Judgment or Opinion for I have this for my Buckler that what I have writ is Truth and that I aim at nothing in it but the true Interest of the King and Kingdom of England and Protestant Religion denying that any can have more Cordial Affection for them than my self who am c. April 17. Anno 1669. According to the Printed Copy IN Obedience to an Order of Council of the 16th present requiring my opinion what is fit to be done for relief of Sir Francis Toppe and Company I do humbly certifie that I have perused their Case and find that they complain of great Losses and Damages sustained in the Year 1644. whilst they lived in St. Malo from the French by seizing their Goods in a time of Peace in the very Harbours of France whither they had brought those Goods in a way of Trading and where by several Treaties then in force and by the very Law of Nations which gives a Security to the Persons and Estates of all who reside Peaceably within the Dominions of any Prince or State they ought to have been Safe and Free from all Arrests the Owners not having done any thing whereby to Forfeit their Interest in them which Course if suffered must needs be the Destruction of all Trade and Commerce between the two Kingdoms as it is also very Dishonourable and Injurious to his Majesty that the Publick Faith should be broken to his Subjects who Trade under his Protection by vertue of the Treaties made between the two Crowns and it is much to be feared that the Proceedings in France may become very prejudicial in this kind to the whole Trading of the English Nation in that Kingdom if nothing be done to stop this growing mischief In regard this is not the single Case where this course hath been put in practice the like having been done several times to English Merchants at Rouen who are not yet free of the trouble for a Capture at Sea whether real or pretended to have been made in 1616. by an English Privateer of a French Ship belonging to one Delauziay valued but at six thousand Livers And whilst I had the Honour to serve his Majesty as his Ambassador in France two English Ships coming into Harbour at Marseille when they had Landed their Goods and paid all Duties were seized upon Ships and Goods and notwithstanding all my Solicitations would not be discharged But some Months after the War breaking out were given to the East-India Company there they pretending some Ships of theirs to have been formerly taken by the English And now as I hear at St. John de Liez the same Vsage is threatned if not already begun to our Merchants there for the Reparation of the Widow de Lazin for some Goods of her late Husbands taken from her by the Parliament in 1643. So as all this makes me fearful it may come to be a constant Custom if not prevented I do therefore offer it as my humble Opinion that all care should be taken for the prevention of it And for this particular Case of Sir Francis Toppe's and Company that in the first place a fair Application may be made to the French King as well by his Ambassador here as by his Majesties Ambassador at Paris for the just Satisfaction of the Petitioners which may be hoped will prove effectual and should it not it will then be time for his Majesty to consider what is further to be done for the Vindication of his own Honour and the Protection of his Subjects HOLLIS THE WORLDS MISTAKE IN Oliver Cromwel OR A Short Political Discourse SHEWING That CROMWELL's Mal-administration during his Four Years and Nine Months pretended Protectorship laid the Foundation of our present Condition in the Decay of TRADE LONDON Printed in the Year 1689. THE WORLDS MISTAKE IN Oliver Cromwell c. OF all the Sins that the Children of Men are guilty of there is none that our corrupt Natures are more inclinable unto than that of Idolatry a Sin that may be towards Men so well as other Creatures and things For as that which a Man unmeasurably relies and sets his

OBSERVATIONS ON THE LETTER Written by the Duke of Buckingham TO Sir THOMAS OSBORN Upon the Reading of a Book CALLED The Present Interest OF ENGLAND STATED Written in a Letter to a Friend LONDON Printed in the Year 1689. Observations on the Letter Written by the Duke of Buckingham to Sir Thomas Osborn c. SIR SO soon as some indispensible Occasions would permit I did at your instance strictly peruse the Pamphlet called The Present Interest of England Stated As also the Letter directed to Sir Thomas Osborn in answer to it and at your request shall now give you my Sense of both I find no Cause by the Scope of the Letter to believe otherwise of the Author than according to his own Professions that he really designs the Honour Greatness and Prosperity of this Nation An Honest and Honourable undertaking the perfect discovery whereof I wish may be pursued by Men of leasure and put in practice by those of Power I understand the Letter to agree fully with the Pamphlet in all its Maxims relating to our Domestick Interest not differing neither from our Foreign in any thing save what relates to Holland and therein likewise not in all but only in some Particulars but in several of them I observe also the Author of the Pamphlet to be by the Letter exceedingly mistaken for whereas it renders him so Byassed with Affection to the Dutch as makes him overlook the usefulness of Foreign Alliances I cannot judge but he grounds all he writes concerning Holland upon the Safety and Benefit of England insomuch as it seems strange to me how a Person of that Candor and Ingenuity as the Author of the Letter is should be so far mistaken as to insinuate to the World that the Pamphlet he answereth pleadeth First For allowing all the Injuries and Wrongs done by the Hollanders to this Nation Page 5. Secondly For studying of their Interests and loving of them because they are Traders though by being so they take our Trade from us Page 5 6. And Thirdly That their Parsimony is no good Reason for dislike of them Page 6. As if all these were Arguments made use of by express words in that Book when I do not find any Expressions relating to any of these Particulars that do either in words say so much or will in the least admit of any such Inferences or Conclusions although as to this Third if there were any word to that purpose it might be defended For all the Arguments made use of by the Pamphlet against the destroying of the Hollanders are either upon the account of Justice and Righteousness which establisheth a Nation or clearly in reference to the Safety and Utility of this Kingdom both in Church and State and not in the least upon any particular Affection to the People of that Country as the Letter doth insinuate the Pamphlet being no otherwise concerned for them than as it is for preserving the Ballance of Christendom in opposition of Popery and Slavery I find the Pamphlets commending the Dutch for their Morals compared with the French c. to be answered by objecting that if the Author had lain but one night in any Inn of theirs he would have been convinced of the contrary which implieth that he had never done it or at least never told the World he had and yet the Book justifies his opinion of them in affirming his experience from having travelled their Countries Interest of England Page 30. and truly by his general knowledge of the Netherlands he may well be supposed to have throughly done it and granting so much it consequently follows that he must then have experienced their Inns but if from Cousening and Cheating in Inns Ale-houses and Taverns the measures of a Peoples Morals must be Calculated I fear some other Countries by high Reckonings false Measures in Bottles Pots and Cans exceeding them and tacitly allowed of c. will be found as faulty as they and to lye at least equally with them under the burden of that uncharitable Synecdoche of blaming the whole for a part for I can my self by experience so far joyn with the Pamphlet in justifying of it as to aver That I never travelled in all my Life in any Country so cheap as in theirs and that no private Person doth otherwise but either voluntarily by being profuse or carelesly in spending more than he needeth in not keeping to his Ordinaries but living at large for their Rates by Land or Water are so certain that none can pay one more than another and the like is in their Inns for Ordinaries and Lodgings insomuch that I have often wondred their great Trade and Populousness which in all other places makes things dear considered I found living there so cheap as I did But as no Number or Society of men can be said to be perfectly good or altogether evil so the most just and certain Rule for applauding or condemning any Country is not from a few Instances of a small part of it but by way of Comparison with other Countries and by that Standard Holland cannot be found by much so bad as Popish Countries where the Doctrines of the Jesuits which hath more or less an influence upon most of their Religion of good Intentions Probability and Necessity c. and of their whole Church of keeping no Faith with Hereticks c. is inconsistent with honest Conversation rendring them unfit even for one anothers Society there being no Fence against such Principles The Cruelty at Amboina is I confess to be had by all in Abhorrence but since it was before we were born that it was acted but by a few and disowned and not justified at home That King James of Happy Memory and his wise and excellent Council and Favourites thought therefore not fit to revenge it and that it hath since by several Treaties been buried and put in Oblivion I question whether we ought still to remember it but provided that the constant Trade that the Popish Nations have in all Ages down to our times driven in Massacres and Cruel Torterings and that with the applause and approbation of their chief Bishop and Church as Italy Savoy France and Ireland do witness may be remembred I can be well pleased that that single Act at Amboina committed by a few Protestants condemned by the rest and which is abhorred by the Principles of their Religion may not be forgotten and thereupon the whole designs of the Pamphlet and Letter each severally considered I cannot observe that they differ in any Material Circumstance but that both aim at the same end the Honour Greatness Prosperity and Safety of this Nation unless the first is too straight laced in the Rules of Honesty and Justice believing that though Interest rightly understood or mistaken governs all the World yet that that Precept of doing to others as we would have them to do to us gives no latitude to any Country to destroy another to the end to increase their