in_o that_o profession_n i_o hope_v in_o a_o short_a time_n a_o new_a edition_n may_v spread_v it_o into_o more_o hand_n but_o let_v i_o give_v you_o a_o far_a history_n of_o it_o when_o mr._n somner_n have_v draw_v all_o his_o thought_n and_o authority_n into_o a_o just_a discourse_n he_o send_v his_o paper_n to_o his_o judicious_a friend_n archbishop_n usher_n who_o return_v they_o with_o this_o testimony_n i_o have_v peruse_v this_o learned_a treatise_n of_o gavelkind_n and_o judge_v it_o very_o fit_a to_o be_v publish_v ja._n armachanus_fw-la apr._n 7._o 1647_o 216._o this_o approbation_n of_o so_o great_a and_o good_a a_o man_n be_v the_o best_a licence_n that_o can_v be_v ask_v or_o give_v to_o the_o book_n but_o there_o be_v two_o reason_n that_o hinder_v the_o publication_n first_o the_o distress_n and_o persecution_n of_o the_o writer_n which_o may_v take_v from_o he_o the_o appetite_n and_o ability_n of_o print_v second_o the_o ignorance_n and_o affectation_n of_o those_o time_n that_o hate_v all_o antiquity_n ecclesiastical_a and_o civil_a and_o dote_v on_o a_o new_a gospel_n and_o new_a law_n so_o that_o till_o the_o nation_n be_v dispossess_v of_o this_o spirit_n it_o be_v not_o fit_a to_o cast_v the_o pearl_n before_o they_o the_o author_n lay_v it_o up_o in_o his_o own_o archive_v and_o impart_v it_o only_o to_o the_o perusal_n of_o some_o peculiar_a friend_n dr._n m._n casaubon_n have_v see_v and_o read_v it_o and_o in_o the_o year_n 1650._o tell_v the_o world_n that_o his_o friend_n have_v write_v a_o just_a treatise_n in_o english_a upon_o that_o most_o famous_a and_o most_o ancient_a custom_n in_o kent_n call_v gavelkind_a &c_n &c_n 142._o the_o author_n himself_o upon_o occasion_n own_a the_o hide_a treasure_n and_o point_v to_o it_o once_o or_o more_o in_o his_o note_n to_o the_o word_n of_o lipsius_n an._n 1650_o 16._o and_o very_o often_o in_o his_o glossary_n an._n 1652_o etc._n but_o when_o monarchy_n episcopacy_n and_o learning_n be_v restore_v than_o the_o author_n bring_v forth_o the_o thing_n new_a and_o old_a when_o the_o eye_n of_o man_n be_v open_v yet_o still_o his_o own_o modesty_n will_v have_v long_o conceal_v the_o talon_n if_o the_o importunity_n of_o friend_n have_v not_o prevail_v for_o he_o confess_v an._n 1660._o that_o the_o preface_n and_o treatise_n have_v be_v write_v more_o than_o twelve_o year_n ago_o and_o have_v lie_v by_o the_o author_n ever_o since_o and_o they_o have_v not_o now_o come_v forth_o but_o upon_o the_o encouragement_n of_o some_o worthy_a and_o judicious_a friend_n at_o their_o request_n it_o appear_v abroad_o with_o this_o title_n atreatise_n of_o gavelkind_n both_o name_n and_o thing_n show_v the_o true_a etymology_n and_o derivation_n of_o the_o one_o the_o nature_n antiquity_n and_o original_a of_o the_o other_o with_o sundry_a emergent_a observation_n both_o pleasant_a and_o profitable_a to_o be_v know_v of_o kentish_a man_n and_o other_o especial_o such_o as_o be_v studious_a either_o of_o the_o ancient_a custom_n or_o the_o common_a law_n of_o this_o kingdom_n by_o a_o wellwisher_n to_o both_o william_n somner_n london_n 1660._o 4_o to_o in_o this_o elaborate_a work_n the_o author_n be_v most_o happy_a in_o the_o etymology_n and_o description_n of_o gavelkind_n and_o socage_n of_o the_o norman_n fief_n the_o haubert_n and_o fief_n de_fw-fr roturier_n of_o the_o saxon_n boclanâ—_n and_o folclanâ—_n of_o the_o feudist_n allodium_fw-la and_o feudum_fw-la etc._n etc._n wherein_o he_o be_v singular_a and_o dissent_v from_o all_o precedent_a writer_n with_o such_o a_o vein_n of_o modesty_n and_o such_o a_o strength_n of_o reason_n and_o authority_n as_o have_v yet_o satisfy_v all_o reader_n and_o silence_v all_o critic_n he_o have_v far_a explain_v all_o the_o different_a tenor_n in_o capite_fw-la knights-service_n fee-farm_n frankalmoign_a divine-service_n escuage_z certain_z burgage_n villeinage_n etc._n etc._n with_o all_o land_n denominate_v from_o their_o service_n as_o work-land_n bocland_n aver-land_n drof-land_n swilling-land_n mol-land_n ber-land_n wareland_n terra-susanna_a forland_n bord-land_n scrudland_n over-land_n mondy-land_n etc._n etc._n wherein_o he_o supply_v and_o correct_v littleton_n and_o his_o oraculous_a commentator_n he_o fill_v up_o the_o defect_n of_o spelman_n and_o prevent_v the_o industry_n of_o glossographer_n that_o shall_v follow_v after_o and_o therefore_o the_o diligent_a du-fresne_a in_o explication_n of_o most_o of_o these_o term_n bare_o translate_v the_o english_a of_o this_o book_n and_o faithful_o refer_v to_o it_o etc._n by_o this_o one_o performance_n he_o have_v indeed_o show_v himself_o a_o absolute_a civilian_n and_o a_o complete_a common_a lawyer_n state_v all_o tenor_n and_o method_n of_o conveyance_n with_o exquisite_a judgement_n and_o exam_v the_o writ_n de_fw-fr rationabili_fw-la parte_fw-la bonorum_fw-la with_o that_o nice_a hand_n as_o prove_v he_o master_n of_o more_o than_o he_o profess_v and_o in_o many_o of_o these_o dispute_v he_o can_v have_v be_v a_o more_o final_a arbiter_n but_o that_o his_o habitual_a modesty_n restrain_v he_o so_o that_o when_o many_o other_o point_n of_o common_a law_n do_v offer_v themselves_o to_o his_o discourse_n yet_o be_v out_o of_o his_o profession_n he_o will_v not_o wade_v or_o engage_v any_o far_a in_o the_o argument_n lest_o he_o shall_v be_v censure_v of_o a_o mind_n to_o thrust_v his_o sickle_n into_o another_o man_n harvest_n 170._o to_o obtain_v this_o knowledge_n in_o the_o law_n of_o his_o country_n he_o have_v trace_v all_o the_o stream_n of_o justice_n to_o their_o fountain_n head_n he_o have_v search_v back_o into_o all_o the_o institution_n of_o the_o norman_a and_o the_o saxon_a age_n and_o have_v first_o diligent_o inquire_v into_o the_o law_n of_o henry_n the_o first_o and_o adorn_v they_o with_o note_n and_o a_o glossary_a as_o be_v before_o observe_v he_o go_v back_o far_o and_o review_v all_o the_o policy_n of_o the_o saxon_a king_n a_o copy_n of_o who_o law_n have_v be_v first_o gather_v up_o by_o mr._n alexander_n nowell_n who_o mr._n camden_n danmoniis_fw-la call_v the_o reviver_n of_o the_o saxon_a language_n in_o the_o year_n 1567._o who_o go_v then_o beyond_o the_o sea_n commit_v they_o to_o his_o pupil_n in_o those_o study_n mr._n william_n lambard_n desire_v he_o to_o translate_v they_o into_o latin_a and_o to_o make_v they_o public_a archaionom_fw-la which_o be_v do_v the_o follow_a year_n under_o the_o title_n of_o apxaionomia_fw-la sive_fw-la de_fw-fr priest_n anglorum_fw-la legibus_fw-la etc._n etc._n londâ—ni_n 1568._o 4_o to_o reprint_v fol._n at_o cambridge_n 1644._o in_o the_o perusal_n of_o this_o work_n our_o judicious_a author_n find_v that_o in_o the_o latin_a version_n there_o be_v a_o polite_a and_o elaborate_a stile_n too_o much_o affect_v that_o give_v little_a or_o no_o help_n to_o the_o reader_n in_o understand_v the_o original_a saxon_a dict._n which_o opinion_n be_v after_o confirm_v by_o that_o stupendous_a master_n of_o the_o northern_a tongue_n fr._n junius_n who_o speak_v of_o mr._n lambard_n publish_v the_o law_n of_o the_o english_a saxon_a king_n translate_v by_o himself_o tell_v we_o that_o he_o better_o approve_v the_o ancient_a version_n by_o jo._n brompton_n and_o advise_v all_o that_o love_v the_o genuine_a monument_n of_o antiquity_n rather_o to_o embrace_v the_o old_a interpretation_n of_o a_o rough_a and_o impolite_a age_n than_o rash_o adhere_v to_o the_o modern_a and_o more_o refine_a translator_n goth._n the_o same_o censure_n be_v continue_v by_o the_o annotator_n on_o the_o life_n of_o alfred_n 66._o and_o by_o the_o last_o editor_n of_o the_o saxon_a chronicle_n praef._n upon_o this_o principle_n mr._n somner_n do_v believe_v that_o such_o a_o elegant_a and_o paraphrastic_a way_n of_o render_v old_a record_n be_v too_o much_o like_o paint_n on_o the_o face_n of_o a_o wrinkle_a matron_n or_o a_o cap_n and_o feather_n upon_o gray_a hair_n he_o resolve_v to_o take_v off_o the_o disguise_n and_o represent_v the_o true_a venerable_a aspect_n by_o a_o new_a version_n plain_a and_o nigh_o to_o literal_a for_o the_o benefit_n of_o all_o who_o be_v studious_a of_o the_o saxon_a tongue_n to_o which_o he_o add_v some_o law_n that_o be_v omit_v in_o that_o collection_n by_o mr._n lambard_n 142._o and_o design_v far_o that_o such_o gentleman_n who_o will_v read_v only_o their_o mother_n tongue_n may_v not_o be_v ignorant_a of_o these_o fundamental_a constitution_n he_o turn_v they_o all_o to_o modern_a english_a and_o have_v leave_v the_o transcript_n thus_o entitle_v the_o ancient_a saxon_a law_n translate_v into_o english_a neither_o of_o these_o version_n have_v yet_o see_v the_o light_n thoâ—_n most_o worthy_a of_o it_o the_o first_o of_o they_o especial_o will_v be_v of_o great_a use_n to_o the_o next_o editor_n of_o the_o saxon_a law_n for_o mr._n lambard_n collection_n may_v be_v now_o great_o improve_v as_o
business_n of_o his_o call_v ib._n those_o he_o devote_v to_o his_o belove_a search_n into_o the_o mystery_n of_o time_n to_o which_o by_o the_o nature_n of_o his_o profession_n he_o seem_v the_o more_o determine_v he_o himself_o observe_v that_o to_o the_o study_n of_o antiquity_n his_o particular_a calling_n do_v in_o some_o manner_n lead_v he_o pref._n he_o love_v much_o and_o much_o frequent_v the_o cathedral_n service_n where_o after_o his_o devotion_n be_v pay_v he_o have_v a_o new_a zeal_n for_o the_o honour_n of_o the_o house_n walk_v often_o in_o the_o nave_n and_o in_o the_o more_o recluse_a part_n not_o in_o that_o idle_a and_o inadvertent_n posture_n nor_o with_o that_o common_a and_o trivial_a discourse_n with_o which_o those_o open_a temple_n be_v vulgar_o profane_v but_o with_o a_o curious_a and_o observant_a eye_n to_o distinguish_v the_o age_n of_o the_o building_n to_o sift_v the_o ash_n of_o the_o dead_a and_o in_o a_o word_n to_o eternize_v the_o memory_n of_o thing_n and_o men._n his_o visit_n within_o the_o city_n be_v to_o find_v out_o the_o ancestor_n rather_o than_o the_o present_a inhabitant_n and_o to_o know_v the_o genealogy_n of_o house_n and_o wall_n and_o dust_n when_o he_o have_v leisure_n to_o refresh_v himself_o in_o the_o suburb_n and_o the_o field_n it_o be_v not_o mere_o for_o digestion_n and_o for_o air_n but_o to_o survey_v the_o british_a brick_n 6._o the_o roman_a way_n 22._o the_o danish_a hill_n and_o work_n the_o saxon_a 144._o monastery_n 46_o and_o the_o norman_a church_n etc._n at_o the_o dig_v up_o foundation_n and_o other_o descent_n into_o the_o bowel_n of_o the_o earth_n he_o come_v often_o to_o survey_v the_o workman_n and_o to_o purchase_v from_o they_o the_o treasure_n of_o coin_n medal_n and_o other_o bury_a relic_n of_o which_o he_o inform_v we_o that_o many_o be_v find_v in_o almost_o all_o part_n of_o the_o city_n some_o of_o which_o come_v to_o his_o hand_n 3._o whenever_o he_o relaxt_v his_o mind_n to_o any_o other_o recreation_n it_o be_v to_o that_o of_o shoot_v with_o the_o long_a bow_n which_o no_o doubt_n he_o love_v as_o much_o for_o the_o antiquity_n as_o for_o the_o health_n and_o pleasure_n of_o that_o manly_a sport_n he_o forget_v not_o to_o give_v a_o worthy_a commendation_n of_o it_o to_o confess_v himself_o ground_v in_o a_o good_a opinion_n of_o archery_n and_o not_o unwilling_a to_o vindicate_v the_o undervalue_a of_o it_o with_o other_o men._n he_o recommend_v to_o the_o reader_n a_o judicious_a elegy_n on_o this_o england_n ancient_a glory_n by_o mr._n john_n bingham_n in_o his_o note_n upon_o aelian_n tactic_n which_o because_o the_o book_n be_v dear_a and_o scarce_o he_o present_v a_o true_a copy_n of_o that_o whole_a passage_n 476._o this_o be_v his_o diversion_n but_o his_o more_o constant_a delight_n be_v in_o classic_a historian_n in_o old_a manuscript_n leiger-book_n roll_n and_o record_n which_o make_v he_o so_o quick_o know_v to_o be_v a_o man_n of_o use_n and_o service_n to_o his_o country_n that_o upon_o the_o great_a question_n in_o descent_n of_o family_n tenure_n of_o estate_n dedication_n of_o church_n right_a of_o tithe_n and_o all_o the_o history_n of_o use_n and_o custom_n he_o be_v consult_v as_o a_o druid_n or_o a_o bard._n while_o appeal_n to_o his_o judgement_n and_o deference_n to_o it_o satisfy_v contend_v party_n and_o stop_v litigious_a suit_n this_o honour_n and_o trouble_v do_v to_o he_o he_o modest_o own_v in_o the_o epilogue_n to_o his_o countryman_n where_o he_o mention_n the_o recourse_n which_o some_o of_o they_o have_v to_o he_o for_o satisfaction_n and_o information_n rejoice_v to_o give_v content_a to_o they_o and_o other_o 510_o and_o true_o i_o know_v no_o one_o part_n of_o humane_a learning_n that_o can_v render_v any_o man_n a_o more_o agreeable_a companion_n and_o a_o more_o beneficial_a friend_n than_o this_o knowledge_n of_o place_n time_n and_o people_n whoever_o be_v thus_o accomplish_a can_v never_o want_v information_n to_o stranger_n instruction_n to_o neighbour_n and_o a_o turn_n of_o diversion_n and_o profit_n to_o all_o society_n if_o he_o have_v prudence_n and_o good_a nature_n he_o may_v be_v as_o mr._n somner_n be_v the_o oracle_n of_o his_o country_n but_o the_o soul_n of_o our_o author_n think_v it_o too_o narrow_a a_o province_n to_o resolve_v the_o doubt_n of_o private_a man_n and_o therefore_o will_v satisfy_v the_o whole_a inquisitive_a world_n hence_o when_o he_o have_v digest_v his_o elaborate_a collection_n make_v for_o the_o honour_n of_o that_o ancient_a metropolis_n and_o his_o good_a affection_n to_o antiquity_n he_o dedicate_v they_o in_o a_o humble_a unaffected_a stile_n to_o the_o archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n have_v they_o license_v by_o his_o chaplain_n guil._n bray_n octob._n 23._o 1639._o and_o the_o next_o year_n publish_v under_o this_o title_n the_o antiquity_n of_o canterbury_n or_o a_o survey_n of_o that_o ancient_a city_n with_o the_o suburb_n and_o cathedral_n contain_v principal_o matter_n of_o antiquity_n in_o they_o all_o etc._n etc._n seek_v out_o and_o publish_v by_o the_o industry_n and_o good_a will_n of_o william_n somner_n london_n 1640._o 4â—_n in_o his_o preface_n with_o wit_n and_o learning_n he_o celebrate_v the_o knowledge_n of_o ancient_a thing_n confess_v his_o own_o thought_n and_o affection_n to_o lie_v that_o way_n and_o own_v the_o encouragement_n of_o worthy_a friend_n of_o who_o he_o name_v dr._n casaubon_n one_o of_o the_o prebendary_n of_o the_o church_n and_o thomas_n den_n esq_n this_o accurate_a performance_n be_v the_o more_o laudable_a because_o he_o can_v find_v no_o way_n but_o what_o he_o make_v there_o have_v indeed_o be_v two_o discourse_n of_o the_o like_a nature_n spot_n history_n of_o canterbury_n mention_v by_o bale_n and_o collection_n of_o the_o antiquity_n of_o canterbury_n by_o john_n twine_v to_o which_o he_o refer_v in_o his_o comment_n de_fw-fr rebus_fw-la albionicis_n but_o both_o these_o be_v lose_v to_o the_o use_n of_o our_o author_n cant._n and_o we_o do_v not_o hear_v they_o be_v yet_o recover_v so_o as_o he_o have_v no_o one_o writer_n to_o transcribe_v or_o imitate_v but_o all_o the_o labour_n and_o glory_n be_v his_o own_o and_o indeed_o this_o difficult_a honour_n be_v the_o reward_n of_o true_a antiquary_n they_o tread_v in_o step_n unknown_a and_o bring_v to_o light_v the_o hide_a thing_n of_o past_a age_n which_o most_o other_o author_n write_v over_o again_o in_o new_a word_n and_o do_v not_o discover_v but_o only_o represent_v in_o this_o useful_a book_n he_o forget_v not_o to_o justify_v his_o own_o profession_n he_o inquire_v into_o the_o institution_n of_o notary_n 287._o prove_v ecclesiastical_a court_n to_o be_v court_n of_o record_n etc._n etc._n 288._o he_o often_o show_v his_o duty_n and_o zeal_n to_o his_o mother_n the_o church_n of_o england_n defend_v her_o discipline_n and_o justify_v her_o constitution_n in_o his_o learned_a remark_n on_o church_n government_n 225._o on_o archbishop_n 223._o on_o privilege_n of_o the_o clergy_n 250._o on_o dedication_n of_o holy_a place_n 10._o mischief_n of_o impropriation_n 5â—_n and_o such_o other_o subject_n on_o which_o by_o the_o best_a of_o argument_n reason_n and_o authority_n he_o vindicate_v the_o establishment_n which_o then_o begin_v to_o shake_v and_o true_o this_o justice_n must_v be_v do_v to_o antiquity_n and_o the_o church_n of_o england_n none_o have_v be_v perfect_a master_n of_o the_o one_o but_o what_o have_v be_v true_a son_n and_o servant_n to_o the_o other_o it_o be_v eminent_o so_o in_o those_o great_a name_n camdeâ—_n spelman_n twisden_n marsham_n dugdals_n and_o may_v i_o mention_v the_o live_n i_o know_v many_o who_o by_o improvement_n in_o these_o study_n have_v in_o the_o same_o way_n settle_v their_o judgement_n and_o improve_v their_o zeal_n for_o indeed_o there_o be_v a_o natural_a reason_n for_o this_o effect_n a_o good_a cause_n must_v appear_v best_a to_o those_o who_o look_v far_a back_n upon_o it_o our_o church_n can_v have_v more_o genuine_a son_n than_o those_o who_o by_o research_n into_o the_o primitive_a state_n of_o thing_n can_v refute_v the_o impudence_n of_o those_o abroad_o who_o pretend_v to_o antiquity_n and_o can_v expose_v the_o ignorance_n of_o those_o at_o home_n who_o affect_v innovation_n these_o man_n can_v stand_v in_o the_o way_n and_o see_v the_o old_a path_n and_o be_v fit_a guide_n to_o those_o who_o be_v but_o of_o yesterday_o and_o know_v nothing_o but_o of_o one_o providence_n which_o attend_v this_o work_n i_o must_v remind_v you_o it_o be_v do_v in_o such_o a_o juncture_n as_o preserve_v the_o memorial_n of_o many_o epitaph_n inscription_n and_o proper_a observation_n which_o otherwise_o have_v soon_o be_v lose_v to_o all_o succeed_a age_n for_o immediate_o begin_v that_o rebellion_n and_o sacrilege_n which_o
worcester_z and_o carlisle_z all_o of_o character_n and_o ability_n for_o such_o performance_n how_o happy_o will_v it_o spread_v the_o glory_n of_o the_o english_a church_n and_o nation_n if_o among_o divine_n addict_v to_o these_o study_n some_o one_o be_v prefer_v to_o a_o dignity_n in_o every_o collegiate_n church_n on_o condition_n to_o employ_v his_o talon_n in_o the_o history_n and_o antiquity_n of_o that_o body_n of_o which_o he_o be_v a_o grateful_a and_o a_o useful_a member_n thus_o far_o mr._n somner_n have_v search_v only_o into_o the_o latin_a writer_n and_o such_o national_a record_n as_o have_v be_v pen_v since_o the_o norman_a conquest_n but_o there_o be_v a_o sacred_a ambition_n in_o the_o spirit_n of_o learning_n that_o will_v not_o let_v a_o man_n rest_n without_o new_a conquest_n and_o enlarge_v dominion_n especial_o in_o antiquity_n every_o acquest_n heighten_v the_o desire_n and_o the_o wish_n be_v those_o of_o the_o eastern_a monarch_n to_o have_v more_o than_o one_o old_a world_n to_o bring_v into_o subjection_n this_o generous_a emulation_n invite_v our_o author_n to_o proceed_v and_o attain_v the_o british_a and_o the_o saxon_a tongue_n to_o acquire_v the_o first_o there_o be_v rule_n of_o grammar_n explication_n of_o word_n and_o other_o sufficient_a memoir_n beside_o the_o live_a dialect_n to_o guide_v a_o man_n of_o industry_n and_o resolution_n but_o the_o saxon_a language_n be_v extinct_a and_o the_o monument_n of_o it_o so_o few_o and_o so_o latent_fw-la that_o it_o require_v infinite_a courage_n and_o patience_n to_o attempt_v and_o prosecute_v the_o knowledge_n of_o it_o to_o this_o trial_n he_o be_v encourage_v by_o the_o advice_n of_o his_o constant_a friend_n dr._n meric_n casaubon_n who_o give_v this_o account_n of_o it_o that_o while_o he_o be_v lament_v the_o obscure_a remain_v of_o that_o tongue_n it_o happy_o fall_v out_o that_o he_o grow_v acquaint_v with_o mr._n somner_n bear_v of_o a_o creditable_a family_n one_o of_o primitive_a probity_n and_o simplicity_n be_v extreme_o take_v with_o his_o sagacious_a wit_n and_o observe_v his_o wonderful_a industry_n in_o search_v for_o the_o antiquity_n of_o his_o country_n and_o much_o approve_v his_o sharp_a and_o solid_a judgement_n temper_v with_o the_o great_a modesty_n he_o begin_v earnest_o to_o persuade_v and_o excite_v he_o to_o the_o study_n of_o the_o saxon_a tongue_n as_o a_o labour_n worthy_a his_o patient_a and_o ingenious_a spirit_n promise_v his_o own_o assistance_n if_o he_o be_v able_a to_o give_v any_o and_o to_o furnish_v he_o with_o any_o material_n that_o may_v aid_v and_o promote_v those_o study_n 140._o mr._n somner_n who_o humility_n of_o mind_n make_v he_o obsequious_a to_o the_o counsel_n of_o his_o friend_n and_o tractable_a to_o any_o motion_n of_o do_v good_a comply_v with_o the_o advice_n of_o that_o reverend_a person_n confirm_v by_o his_o own_o judicious_a thought_n be_v sensible_a of_o the_o truth_n of_o what_o sir_n henry_n spelman_n have_v find_v by_o his_o own_o experience_n that_o the_o knowledge_n of_o the_o saxon_a language_n be_v so_o far_o necessary_a as_o without_o it_o the_o antiquity_n of_o england_n be_v either_o not_o discover_v or_o at_o least_o imperfect_o know_v ded._n when_o mr._n somner_n begin_v this_o task_n give_v i_o leave_v to_o represent_v the_o difficulty_n he_o labour_v under_o when_o the_o saxon_n have_v make_v the_o britain_n stranger_n in_o their_o own_o land_n than_o the_o language_n which_o the_o conqueror_n bring_v with_o they_o soon_o grow_v into_o contempt_n among_o themselves_o even_o so_o early_o as_o the_o year_n 652._o many_o out_o of_o this_o island_n be_v send_v to_o the_o monastery_n of_o france_n for_o education_n and_o to_o bring_v back_o the_o manner_n and_o language_n of_o those_o part_n 89._o in_o the_o reign_n of_o edward_n the_o confessor_n by_o the_o great_a resort_n of_o norman_n to_o his_o court_n the_o whole_a island_n begin_v to_o lose_v their_o english_a rite_n and_o to_o imitate_v the_o manner_n of_o the_o frank_n especial_o it_o be_v esteem_v a_o piece_n of_o breed_n for_o all_o the_o lesser_a sort_n to_o speak_v the_o gallic_n idiom_n and_o to_o despise_v the_o language_n and_o custom_n of_o their_o own_o country_n 1043._o this_o inglorious_a affectation_n be_v confess_v by_o a_o historian_n who_o live_v in_o that_o age_n it_o look_v like_o a_o omen_n of_o be_v to_o be_v short_o conquer_v by_o that_o nation_n of_o who_o tongue_n and_o fashion_n they_o be_v so_o industrious_o fond_a the_o event_n be_v so_o three_o and_o twenty_o year_n after_o come_v in_o the_o norman_a lord_n who_o threaten_v a_o extirpation_n to_o that_o language_n of_o which_o the_o native_n begin_v to_o be_v ashamed_a for_o these_o new_a master_n hate_v the_o english_a and_o so_o much_o abbur_v their_o idiom_n that_o the_o law_n be_v all_o administer_v in_o the_o french_a tongue_n the_o very_a child_n in_o school_n be_v keep_v from_o learning_n to_o read_v their_o mother_n language_n and_o be_v instruct_v only_o in_o the_o norman_a the_o english_a manner_n of_o writing_n be_v omit_v 1066._o the_o ignominious_a mark_n of_o a_o conquer_a people_n the_o same_o author_n from_o his_o own_o experience_n do_v again_o lament_v that_o the_o saxon_a hand_n which_o have_v be_v use_v in_o all_o write_n grow_v into_o disgrace_n and_o the_o french_a hand_n because_o it_o be_v more_o legible_a and_o more_o please_v to_o the_o eye_n do_v every_o where_o obtain_v 85._o so_o as_o in_o the_o very_a next_o reign_n the_o saxon_a letter_n be_v so_o obsolete_a and_o so_o unknown_a that_o but_o few_o of_o the_o elder_a people_n be_v able_a to_o read_v they_o 1091._o nay_o in_o the_o year_n 1095._o wulstan_n bishop_n of_o worcester_n be_v depose_v when_o scarce_o any_o other_o thing_n be_v object_v against_o he_o but_o that_o he_o be_v a_o old_a english_a idiot_n who_o do_v not_o understand_v the_o french_a tongue_n a_o it_o be_v true_a the_o next_o successor_n henry_n the_o first_o give_v a_o charter_n to_o william_n archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n confirm_v to_o he_o the_o possession_n of_o his_o see_n in_o the_o saxon_a language_n and_o character_n 388._o this_o be_v but_o a_o single_a instance_n and_o perhaps_o do_v to_o oblige_v his_o queen_n of_o the_o saxon_a line_n and_o to_o ingratiate_v himself_o with_o the_o english_a subject_n who_o may_v hope_v by_o this_o marriage_n they_o have_v a_o better_a title_n in_o he_o and_o therefore_o it_o be_v a_o mistake_n in_o the_o learned_a mabillon_n 52._o and_o some_o other_o author_n who_o assert_v the_o saxon_a way_n of_o writing_n be_v lose_v from_o the_o very_a time_n of_o the_o norman_a conquest_n it_o be_v with_o the_o saxon_a character_n as_o with_o sign_n of_o the_o cross_n in_o public_a deed_n which_o be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n change_v into_o the_o norman_a way_n of_o seal_n and_o subscription_n yet_o some_o charter_n be_v with_o the_o old_a form_n of_o cross_n the_o saxon_a dialect_n obtain_v no_o doubt_n in_o country_n vill_n with_o some_o borrow_a variation_n from_o the_o french_a and_o some_o remain_v of_o it_o do_v intermix_v with_o the_o court_n language_n but_o the_o baron_n and_o knight_n who_o be_v most_o of_o they_o norman_n be_v so_o afraid_a of_o their_o child_n talk_n the_o old_a english_a that_o in_o the_o reign_n of_o henry_n the_o second_o they_o send_v they_o over_o into_o france_n for_o education_n to_o wear_v off_o the_o barbarousness_n of_o the_o native_a tongue_n bod._n at_o the_o beginning_n of_o the_o reign_n of_o edward_n the_o three_o robert_z holcot_n a_o dominican_n confessâ—â—_n there_o be_v no_o institution_n of_o child_n in_o the_o old_a english_a but_o they_o first_o learn_v the_o french_a and_o from_o the_o french_a the_o latin_a tongue_n which_o he_o observe_v to_o have_v be_v a_o practice_n introduce_v by_o william_n the_o conqueror_n and_o to_o have_v ever_o since_o obtain_v sapient_a though_o from_o the_o first_o decline_v of_o the_o baron_n and_o advance_v of_o the_o commons_o who_o be_v more_o of_o english_a blood_n the_o country_n language_n grow_v more_o into_o request_n till_o at_o last_o the_o commons_o in_o parliament_n at_o westminster_n the_o 36._o of_o edw._n the_o three_o show_v so_o much_o of_o the_o english_a spirit_n as_o to_o represent_v to_o the_o king_n the_o great_a mischief_n which_o will_v happen_v to_o divers_a of_o the_o realm_n if_o that_o the_o law_n be_v plead_v show_v and_o judge_v in_o the_o french_a tongue_n which_o be_v much_o unknown_a in_o the_o say_a realm_n etc._n etc._n upon_o which_o it_o be_v ordain_v and_o establish_v that_o all_o plea_n etc._n etc._n shall_v be_v plead_v show_v and_o defend_v answer_v debate_v and_o judge_v in_o the_o english_a tongue_n &c_n &c_n 119._o yet_o this_o law_n do_v by_o no_o mean_n restore_v the_o saxon_a either_o in_o the_o alphabet_n or_o in_o
the_o prime_a dialect_n it_o only_o redeem_v the_o kingdom_n from_o a_o old_a token_n of_o subjection_n and_o do_v honour_n to_o the_o then_o compound_a language_n much_o vitiate_a by_o import_v word_n and_o phrase_n and_o still_o there_o seem_v a_o dash_n of_o the_o norman_a spirit_n which_o by_o the_o same_o law_n provide_v that_o all_o such_o plea_n shall_v be_v enter_v and_o enroll_v in_o the_o latin_n if_o there_o be_v any_o conveyance_n of_o the_o true_a saxon_a tongue_n it_o be_v in_o the_o monastery_n but_o in_o those_o only_o which_o be_v found_v before_o the_o norman_a conquest_n for_o in_o such_o interest_n do_v oblige_v they_o to_o understand_v the_o language_n of_o their_o original_a charter_n it_o be_v for_o this_o reason_n that_o in_o the_o abbey_n of_o croyland_n a_o tutor_n be_v appoint_v to_o teach_v saxon_a to_o some_o of_o the_o young_a brethren_n that_o in_o their_o old_a age_n they_o may_v be_v more_o fit_a to_o allege_v the_o record_n of_o their_o monastery_n against_o their_o adversary_n 98._o and_o it_o be_v no_o doubt_n for_o the_o like_a reason_n that_o in_o the_o abbey_n of_o tavistoke_n which_o have_v a_o saxon_a founder_n about_o 691._o there_o be_v solemn_a lecture_n in_o the_o saxon_a tongue_n even_o to_o the_o time_n of_o our_o father_n that_o the_o knowledge_n of_o that_o language_n may_v not_o fail_v as_o it_o have_v since_o well_o nigh_o do_v danmon_n so_o that_o have_v mr._n somner_n live_v before_o or_o in_o the_o age_n of_o reformation_n the_o way_n of_o attainment_n have_v be_v less_o difficult_a or_o have_v he_o be_v reserve_v to_o these_o low_a time_n he_o have_v meet_v with_o more_o of_o help_n and_o conduct_v for_o we_o have_v since_o have_v a_o good_a part_n of_o the_o scripture_n more_o correct_o publish_v with_o excellent_a note_n 1665._o we_o have_v have_v history_n most_o correct_v oxon._n but_o what_o above_o all_o facilitate_v the_o progress_n and_o perfection_n of_o learner_n we_o have_v have_v methodical_a and_o accurate_a institution_n of_o grammar_n by_o the_o learned_a dr._n george_n hicks_n incomparable_o skilled_a in_o the_o antiquity_n of_o our_o church_n and_o nation_n so_o that_o now_o to_o be_v ignorant_a of_o that_o tongue_n be_v not_o the_o misfortune_n of_o a_o scholar_n but_o his_o fault_n common_a industry_n and_o a_o easy_a application_n serve_v but_o mr._n somner_n have_v a_o much_o hard_a province_n he_o be_v in_o a_o manner_n to_o invent_v the_o language_n as_o well_o as_o to_o restore_v it_o for_o upon_o his_o first_o essay_n that_o way_n he_o have_v but_o two_o poor_a manuscript_n and_o one_o of_o they_o on_o so_o obscure_a a_o subject_n as_o may_v have_v exercise_v a_o critic_n soon_o than_o instruct_v a_o novice_n but_o he_o have_v a_o active_a soul_n that_o will_v feel_v no_o impediment_n this_o make_v he_o his_o own_o guide_n to_o be_v not_o only_o the_o discoverer_n of_o a_o new_a world_n but_o the_o master_n of_o it_o his_o success_n in_o those_o study_n he_o himself_o congratulate_v in_o his_o own_o modest_a way_n when_o by_o the_o advice_n and_o persuasion_n of_o dr._n meriâ—_n casaubon_n i_o begin_v to_o apply_v my_o mind_n to_o the_o saxon_a tongue_n in_o no_o long_a space_n of_o time_n i_o seem_v to_o reap_v some_o tolerable_a fruit_n of_o my_o endeavour_n which_o do_v abundant_o compensate_a my_o labour_n &c_n &c_n praef._n and_o that_o first_o move_v friend_n do_v applaud_v the_o event_n of_o his_o counsel_n in_o these_o word_n to_o be_v short_a when_o he_o have_v approve_v my_o advice_n he_o prosecute_v the_o business_n with_o that_o 〈◊〉_d industry_n and_o such_o equal_a happiâ—â—â—_n of_o wit_n that_o within_o few_o year_n he_o may_v be_v compare_v to_o speak_v modest_o with_o the_o most_o eminent_a in_o that_o knowledge_n 140._o nor_o do_v he_o only_o surpass_v most_o of_o his_o predecessor_n but_o exceed_v some_o that_o follow_v after_o and_o be_v number_v among_o the_o few_o complete_a critic_n by_o the_o best_a of_o judge_n who_o have_v right_o observe_v that_o since_o the_o erection_n of_o monastery_n where_o saxon_a book_n lay_v unknown_a to_o those_o that_o keep_v they_o unto_o our_o own_o time_n only_o two_o foreigner_n and_o about_o twenty_o native_n have_v by_o their_o own_o industry_n attain_v the_o faculty_n of_o this_o tongue_n of_o which_o small_a number_n few_o arrive_v to_o a_o accurate_a and_o critical_a knowledge_n jocelinâ—_n somner_n mareshall_n and_o junius_n publish_v all_o their_o saxon_a pure_o and_o correct_o but_o from_o almost_o all_o other_o it_o come_v with_o fault_n and_o imperfection_n namely_o from_o those_o great_a man_n j._n selden_n and_o sir_n henry_n spelman_n and_o even_o from_o the_o very_a professor_n mr._n a._n wheelock_n praef._n i_o will_v not_o cite_v the_o approbation_n of_o lesser_a writer_n after_o the_o testimony_n of_o so_o great_a a_o man_n i_o will_v only_o add_v that_o his_o very_a enemy_n if_o he_o have_v any_o admire_v this_o accomplishment_n in_o he_o he_o who_o be_v the_o only_a man_n that_o oppose_v any_o thing_n our_o author_n write_v do_v he_o this_o justice_n his_o labour_n say_v he_o as_o they_o be_v pleasant_a to_o such_o who_o be_v delight_v in_o the_o knowledge_n and_o observation_n of_o the_o manner_n and_o language_n of_o our_o forefather_n so_o have_v they_o be_v and_o ever_o will_v be_v very_o profitable_a to_o all_o that_o be_v studious_a and_o inquisitive_a into_o antiquity_n for_o his_o success_n in_o the_o restauration_n of_o that_o our_o ancient_a speech_n which_o have_v be_v almost_o lose_v and_o in_o a_o manner_n so_o long_o hury_v in_o oblivion_n be_v very_o eminent_o know_v and_o admire_v and_o shall_v by_o i_o be_v always_o grateful_o acknowledge_v 1663._o mr._n summoner_n by_o his_o absolute_a faculty_n in_o the_o saxon_a tongue_n be_v now_o enable_v to_o make_v the_o more_o intimate_a search_n into_o all_o remote_a antiquity_n his_o next_o merit_n be_v on_o this_o occasion_n his_o honour_a friend_n and_o countryman_n sir_n roger_n twisden_n have_v publish_v the_o law_n of_o henry_n the_o first_o an._n 1644._o fol._n to_o which_o be_v prefix_v a_o old_a glossary_a which_o mr._n somner_n observe_v to_o be_v faulty_a in_o very_a many_o place_n passim_fw-la on_o this_o edition_n he_o write_v note_n and_o observation_n large_a and_o learned_a with_o a_o very_a useful_a glossary_n 141._o to_o which_o he_o himself_o refer_v in_o his_o other_o glossary_a on_o the_o ten_o historian_n on_o the_o word_n gravatio_n mancusa_n etc._n etc._n of_o which_o he_o have_v treat_v more_o large_o in_o his_o former_a not_o then_o nor_o alas_o yet_o publish_v if_o those_o paper_n be_v in_o your_o hand_n you_o have_v a_o opportunity_n to_o serve_v and_o oblige_v the_o world_n from_o his_o time_n of_o engage_v in_o the_o memorial_n of_o canterbury_n he_o lay_v the_o foundation_n of_o a_o large_a design_n to_o collect_v all_o the_o remain_v of_o the_o state_n of_o the_o whole_a county_n for_o a_o just_a and_o perfect_a history_n of_o the_o antiquity_n of_o kent_n this_o project_v labour_n he_o own_v to_o have_v take_v on_o he_o in_o the_o kind_a epilogue_n to_o his_o countryman_n if_o by_o your_o good_a acceptance_n of_o these_o my_o labour_n for_o the_o city_n i_o may_v receive_v discouragement_n to_o proceed_v in_o my_o endeavour_n â—_o it_o be_v in_o my_o thought_n by_o god_n assistance_n in_o it_o convenient_a time_n to_o do_v somewhat_o in_o like_a kiâ—â—_n for_o you_o in_o the_o country_n 105._o and_o to_o confirm_v the_o truth_n and_o honesty_n of_o these_o intention_n a_o account_n of_o what_o saint_n have_v thâ—_n dedication_n of_o parochial_a church_n within_o that_o diocese_n he_o leave_v with_o they_o in_o pawn_n and_o as_o a_o pledge_n of_o those_o his_o future_a endeavour_n for_o their_o far_a content_n hereafter_o if_o god_n 〈◊〉_d he_o omit_v no_o time_n and_o spare_v no_o painâ—_n to_o prepare_v this_o work_n without_o and_o to_o make_v it_o fit_a in_o the_o field_n that_o he_o may_v afterward_o build_v the_o house_n a_o house_n that_o be_v not_o to_o be_v build_v in_o a_o day_n but_o the_o foundation_n to_o be_v dug_n deep_a and_o the_o material_n to_o be_v fectht_v from_o afar_o with_o great_a contrivance_n great_a patience_n and_o great_a expense_n but_o he_o make_v a_o gradual_a progress_n and_o in_o the_o preface_n to_o his_o tract_n of_o gavelkind_n which_o he_o write_v twelve_o year_n before_o the_o publication_n i._n e._n an._n 1648._o he_o confess_v it_o be_v nowâ—full_a eighteen_o i_o think_v it_o shall_v be_v eight_o year_n since_o by_o solemn_a promise_n he_o become_v indebt_v to_o his_o countryman_n upon_o their_o good_a acceptance_n of_o certain_a of_o his_o labour_n in_o behalf_n of_o their_o city_n to_o proceed_v to_o the_o same_o or_o some_o other_o such_o like_a undertake_n for_o the_o county_n a_o thing_n which_o as_o he_o then_o
antiquary_n mr._n robert_n talbot_n have_v a_o great_a genius_n and_o a_o equal_a diligence_n to_o gather_v and_o preserve_v the_o fragment_n of_o time_n but_o design_v annotation_n on_o the_o itinerary_n of_o antonine_n and_o a_o collection_n of_o ancient_a charter_n etc._n etc._n he_o die_v with_o his_o thought_n and_o his_o paper_n in_o confusion_n with_o what_o tedious_a application_n and_o gradual_a advance_n do_v the_o great_a camden_n conceive_v and_o nourish_v his_o fame_a britannia_n have_v his_o life_n and_o strength_n endure_v no_o doubt_n he_o have_v still_o be_v alter_v and_o augment_v the_o glorious_a work_n but_o he_o fall_v and_o leave_v unfinished_a this_o and_o some_o other_o of_o his_o own_o and_o the_o world_n be_v disappoint_v hope_n 45._o mr._n roger_n dodsworth_n fill_v above_o sixty_o volume_n with_o the_o most_o elaborate_a collection_n but_o be_v still_o hunt_v for_o more_o without_o the_o content_a of_o dispose_v what_o he_o have_v and_o therefore_o except_v the_o charter_n insert_v in_o the_o two_o volume_n of_o monasticon_fw-la which_o cost_v he_o little_a other_o pain_n than_o find_v and_o remit_v to_o the_o press_n he_o leave_v nothing_o but_o infinite_a material_n for_o those_o who_o will_v apply_v they_o better_o sir_n simonds_n d'ewes_n a_o great_a valuer_n of_o history_n and_o coin_n have_v lay_v a_o scheme_n for_o the_o antiquity_n and_o state_n of_o britain_n wherein_o he_o pretend_v he_o will_v discover_v error_n in_o every_o page_n of_o camden_n 496._o but_o by_o death_n he_o fall_v from_o his_o great_a and_o vain_a attempt_n mr._n t._n allen_n mr._n b._n twine_v mr._n w._n fulman_n and_o many_o other_o antiquary_n of_o this_o place_n have_v the_o same_o ambition_n to_o collect_v and_o the_o same_o misfortune_n never_o to_o methodize_v or_o publish_v but_o beside_o these_o instance_n of_o general_a design_n the_o particular_a effort_n on_o a_o history_n of_o single_a county_n like_o mr._n somner_n on_o kent_n have_v drop_v into_o the_o grave_n of_o their_o intend_a author_n mr._n thomas_n risdon_n draw_v up_o a_o survey_n or_o chorographical_a description_n of_o devonshire_n but_o have_v not_o time_n to_o make_v the_o edition_n of_o it_o 516._o sir_n simonds_n d'ewe_v attempt_v the_o topography_n of_o suffolk_n 39_o sir_n edward_n byshe_v promise_v the_o antiquity_n of_o the_o county_n of_o surry_n 484._o sir_n matthew_n hale_v make_v great_a collection_n relate_v to_o the_o county_n of_o gloucester_n but_o will_v not_o frame_v they_o into_o any_o disposition_n for_o the_o press_n burnet_n captain_n silas_n taylor_n spend_v some_o year_n in_o pick_v up_o various_a remark_n on_o the_o county_n of_o hereford_n but_o cast_v they_o into_o no_o just_a discourse_n 465._o mr._n samson_n erdeswick_n write_v a_o short_a view_n of_o staffordshire_n contain_v the_o antiquity_n of_o the_o say_a county_n but_o can_v carry_v it_o no_o far_o than_o ms._n note_n 275._o and_o mr._n randal_n catheral_n get_v voluminous_a collection_n that_o respect_v this_o county_n of_o oxford_n 731._o but_o never_o can_v cast_v they_o into_o a_o regular_a history_n and_o take_v so_o little_a care_n to_o reposite_n his_o mss._n that_o to_o all_o my_o inquiry_n they_o be_v now_o lose_v not_o to_o mention_v the_o report_a design_n of_o late_a man_n dr._n nat._n johnston_n on_o the_o west-riding_a of_o yorkshire_n john_n aubrey_n esq_n on_o wiltshire_n walter_n chetwind_v esq_n on_o staffordshire_n to_o who_o labour_n if_o still_o depend_v i_o wish_v resolution_n and_o success_n forgive_v i_o this_o digression_n and_o think_v it_o less_o impertinent_a because_o it_o serve_v to_o justify_v the_o memory_n of_o our_o author_n when_o so_o many_o other_o have_v fall_v short_a of_o the_o like_a intention_n and_o the_o nature_n of_o such_o attempt_n be_v more_o apt_a to_o absorb_v and_o discourage_v the_o aggressor_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n we_o shall_v better_o accept_v and_o esteem_v this_o remnant_n that_o be_v save_v of_o the_o antiquity_n of_o kent_n and_o hang_v up_o the_o little_a plank_n as_o more_o sacred_a than_o the_o whole_a ship_n but_o it_o be_v a_o more_o just_a apology_n for_o mr._n somner_n that_o he_o do_v not_o devote_v his_o whole_a time_n to_o this_o ineffectual_a labour_n but_o be_v all_o along_o employ_v in_o some_o other_o duty_n to_o the_o public_a he_o find_v it_o necessary_a not_o only_o to_o know_v the_o place_n and_o person_n but_o the_o custom_n and_o tenor_n of_o his_o country_n of_o which_o none_o so_o eminent_a and_o so_o peculiar_a as_o that_o of_o gavelkind_n this_o the_o lawyer_n inform_v he_o to_o be_v the_o local_a custom_n of_o kent_n whereby_o if_o the_o antecessor_n die_v intestate_a all_o the_o heir_n male_a do_v equal_o share_v in_o the_o inheritance_n of_o land_n which_o have_v not_o be_v hold_v in_o capite_fw-la nor_o disgavelld_v by_o special_a act_n of_o parliament_n but_o this_o account_n will_v not_o satisfy_v so_o inquisitive_a a_o mind_n as_o that_o of_o mr._n somner_n for_o his_o aim_n be_v always_o to_o understand_v property_n and_o nature_n more_o than_o name_n according_a to_o that_o end_n propound_v by_o himself_o in_o all_o his_o researche_n which_o be_v to_o know_v thing_n not_o so_o much_o in_o their_o present_n as_o primitive_a state_n more_o in_o their_o cause_n than_o effect_n pref._n and_o to_o this_o enquiry_n he_o be_v the_o more_o induce_v that_o he_o may_v satisfy_v his_o countryman_n and_o gain_v excuse_n for_o delay_n of_o his_o county-undertaking_a for_o the_o more_o easy_a purohase_n whereof_o that_o they_o and_o other_o may_v perceive_v he_o have_v not_o be_v altogether_o idle_a he_o pitch_v in_o his_o thought_n upon_o the_o kentish_a custom_n of_o gavelkind_n and_o to_o some_o more_o than_o vulgar_a discourse_n thereof_o as_o a_o specimen_fw-la and_o earnest_n of_o his_o far_a intention_n for_o the_o county_n this_o discourse_n he_o divide_v into_o five_o head_n 1._o the_o true_a etymologis_n and_o derivation_n of_o the_o name_n where_o he_o refute_v the_o continue_a fancy_n of_o lambard_n coke_n camden_n verstegan_n cowell_n spelman_n dodderidge_n and_o many_o other_o lawyer_n and_o antiquary_n who_o will_v derive_v it_o from_o the_o saxon_a gipeâ—eal_n cyn_n give_v to_o all_o kindred_n or_o to_o all_o alike_o whereas_o he_o prove_v the_o name_n be_v by_o no_o mean_n borrow_v from_o the_o partible_a nature_n of_o the_o land_n but_o from_o gapol_n or_o gavel_v a_o tribute_n or_o customary_a rent_n and_o gecynoe_v nature_n sort_n or_o kind_n imply_v it_o to_o be_v land_n not_o hold_v in_o fee_n as_o knights_z service_n but_o chargeable_a with_o such_o rent_n as_o make_v it_o socage_n tenure_n 2._o he_o inquire_v into_o the_o nature_n of_o gavelkind-land_n in_o point_n of_o partition_n and_o prove_v it_o be_v neither_o from_o the_o name_n nor_o bare_a nature_n of_o the_o land_n but_o partly_o from_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o land_n and_o partly_o from_o a_o general_a custom_n extend_v through_o the_o whole_a county_n in_o such_o censual_a land_n 3._o he_o search_v into_o the_o antiquity_n of_o gavelkind-custom_n in_o point_n especial_o of_o partition_n and_o why_o more_o general_a in_o kent_n than_o elsewhere_o 4._o whether_o gavelkind_n be_v proper_o a_o tenure_n or_o custom_n where_o he_o treat_v with_o incomparable_a learning_n of_o all_o feudatory_a right_n and_o all_o menial_a service_n 5._o whether_o before_o the_o statute_n of_o will_n 32_o &_o 34_o henry_n 8._o gavelkind-land_n in_o kent_n be_v devisable_v or_o not_o which_o he_o resolve_v in_o the_o negative_a and_o answer_v all_o argument_n of_o those_o who_o hold_v the_o contrary_n all_o these_o point_n be_v discuss_v with_o that_o variety_n of_o knowledge_n and_o that_o ingenuity_n of_o spirit_n as_o will_v make_v the_o author_n and_o the_o book_n value_v while_o learning_n and_o law_n be_v value_v at_o the_o end_n be_v a_o appendix_n of_o such_o muniment_n charter_n and_o other_o escript_n as_o be_v quote_v in_o the_o precedent_a discourse_n this_o subject_n lead_v he_o through_o a_o long_a course_n of_o common_a law_n and_o through_o the_o sense_n of_o very_a many_o statute_n for_o which_o he_o be_v afraid_a he_o may_v be_v think_v too_o bold_a with_o the_o man_n of_o that_o robe_n too_o much_o meddle_v with_o matter_n of_o their_o peculiar_a science_n but_o hope_n they_o will_v excuse_v he_o be_v one_o that_o honour_v their_o profession_n and_o have_v a_o intent_n only_o in_o his_o way_n to_o do_v they_o service_n and_o their_o profession_n right_a by_o hold_v forth_o to_o public_a view_n some_o antiquity_n tend_v at_o once_o to_o the_o satisfaction_n of_o the_o one_o and_o illustration_n of_o the_o other_o what_o esteem_v this_o treatise_n bear_v among_o man_n of_o that_o honourable_a faculty_n i_o may_v suggest_v by_o this_o familiar_a hint_n i_o seek_v in_o vain_a for_o the_o book_n among_o many_o library_n till_o it_o be_v lend_v i_o by_o a_o worthy_a friend_n eminent_a
one_o who_o best_o know_v assure_v the_o world_n that_o beside_o the_o law_n first_o publish_v by_o lambard_n and_o revise_v by_o wheelock_n it_o be_v probable_a that_o many_o other_o lie_v conceal_v in_o the_o bennet_n and_o cottonian_a library_n which_o it_o will_v be_v good_a service_n to_o send_v abroad_o into_o the_o world_n and_o say_v the_o same_o great_a man_n i_o have_v by_o i_o a_o transcript_n of_o the_o law_n of_o king_n aethelbert_n hlothare_n and_o edric_n from_o the_o textus_fw-la roffensis_fw-la which_o lambard_n however_o diligent_a in_o search_v out_o these_o law_n have_v not_o see_v before_o his_o edition_n of_o archaionomia_fw-la saxon._n let_v we_o not_o despair_v of_o a_o revisal_n and_o augmentation_n of_o this_o codex_fw-la of_o english_a law_n our_o friend_n who_o have_v do_v so_o much_o honour_n to_o the_o saxon_a chronicle_n be_v of_o ability_n and_o a_o genius_n fit_a for_o this_o other_o performance_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n let_v i_o observe_v that_o nothing_o will_v more_o facilitate_v and_o perfect_v the_o study_n of_o our_o common_a law_n than_o a_o application_n to_o antiquity_n of_o this_o kind_n it_o be_v pity_v the_o young_a gentleman_n of_o that_o profession_n shall_v be_v content_a to_o learn_v only_o the_o present_a practice_n of_o the_o court_n and_o look_v no_o far_o into_o the_o original_n of_o judicial_a method_n which_o alone_o can_v admit_v they_o to_o the_o depth_n of_o reason_n and_o the_o bottom_n of_o a_o cause_n there_o be_v indeed_o little_a hope_n of_o this_o progress_n in_o those_o new_a measure_n of_o first_o learning_n the_o practic_a form_n in_o subservience_n to_o attorney_n and_o bare_a enter_v of_o name_n for_o a_o title_n to_o the_o bar_n but_o where_o man_n of_o part_n be_v honour_v with_o the_o more_o liberal_a education_n of_o spend_v some_o year_n in_o one_o of_o the_o two_o national_a school_n of_o learning_n and_o thence_o transfer_v themselves_o to_o the_o seminary_n of_o the_o law_n to_o prosecute_v the_o history_n of_o use_n and_o custom_n from_o such_o we_o may_v expect_v those_o degree_n of_o knowledge_n that_o will_v accomplish_v the_o advocate_n the_o judge_n and_o the_o statesman_n such_o will_v be_v true_a patriot_n of_o their_o country_n and_o will_v be_v the_o more_o unwilling_a to_o have_v the_o law_n of_o england_n change_v when_o they_o understand_v what_o they_o be_v from_o the_o beginning_n i_o dare_v not_o speak_v more_o of_o my_o own_o sense_n but_o i_o humble_o refer_v to_o the_o word_n of_o a_o wise_a man_n who_o when_o he_o have_v recommend_v ancient_a history_n and_o original_a law_n conclude_v thus_o this_o i_o think_v good_a to_o say_v for_o the_o sake_n of_o our_o young_a gentry_n who_o adorn_v the_o inn_n of_o court_n if_o possible_o by_o my_o advice_n they_o will_v not_o spare_v their_o pain_n to_o attain_v the_o saxon_a tongue_n and_o run_v over_o the_o many_o monument_n of_o venerable_a antiquity_n in_o that_o language_n and_o character_n the_o peculiar_a treasure_n of_o their_o nation_n saxon._n possible_o estate_n and_o some_o title_n may_v have_v be_v obtain_v by_o light_a mean_n but_o the_o good_a name_n and_o the_o ability_n to_o serve_v a_o kingdom_n have_v be_v acquire_v only_o by_o these_o industrious_a study_n this_o keep_v up_o the_o memory_n of_o coke_n dodderidge_n noy_n selden_n hale_n and_o many_o other_o oracle_n who_o no_o authority_n nor_o time_n can_v silence_v but_o i_o proceed_v to_o tell_v you_o the_o next_o labour_n of_o mr._n somner_n which_o be_v a_o dissertation_n de_fw-fr portu_fw-la iccio_n for_o examine_v the_o expedition_n of_o caesar_n into_o britain_n he_o find_v by_o his_o own_o account_n 4_o that_o his_o first_o voyage_n begin_v from_o a_o port_n of_o the_o morini_n from_o whence_o be_v the_o short_a passage_n into_o britain_n and_o where_o he_o take_v ship_v the_o second_o time_n which_o by_o description_n appear_v to_o be_v the_o same_o place_n he_o express_o call_v portus_n iccius_n man_n of_o learning_n be_v not_o agree_v in_o the_o site_n of_o this_o haven_n mr._n camden_n and_o ortelius_n think_v it_o to_o be_v witsan_n raimundus_n marlian_n and_o adrian_n junius_n believe_v it_o the_o same_o with_o calais_n jac._n chifletius_n for_o the_o honour_n of_o his_o master_n the_o king_n of_o spain_n will_v have_v it_o mardike_n in_o flanders_n but_o mr._n somner_n fix_v it_o at_o gessoriacum_n now_o bologne_n wherein_o he_o be_v follow_v by_o sanson_n etc._n etc._n of_o late_a writer_n adrian_n valesius_fw-la portus_n conclude_v it_o to_o be_v estaple_n nigh_o bologne_n the_o noble_a du-fresne_a ludovici_n and_o m._n baudrand_n geog._n restore_v it_o to_o witsan_n or_o witsant_n and_o mr._n halley_n 1691._o conjecture_n it_o be_v near_a calais-clift_n either_o ambleteuse_fw-fr on_o the_o one_o side_n or_o calais_n on_o the_o other_o other_o critic_n may_v suspend_v their_o judgement_n till_o they_o see_v this_o discourse_n of_o mr._n somner_n which_o deserve_v to_o be_v fair_o publish_v the_o ms_n bear_v this_o title_n a_o discourse_n of_o portus_n iccius_n wherein_o the_o late_a conceit_n of_o chifletius_n in_o his_o topographical_n discourse_n be_v examine_v and_o refute_v the_o judgement_n of_o cluverius_n concern_v the_o same_o port_n assert_v and_o embrace_v and_o the_o true_a site_n thereof_o more_o clear_o demonstrate_v by_o william_n somner_n our_o author_n skill_n in_o the_o saxon_a tongue_n oblige_v he_o to_o inquire_v into_o most_o of_o the_o european_a language_n ancient_a and_o modern_a for_o there_o be_v a_o connexion_n in_o all_o learning_n especial_o in_o the_o knowledge_n of_o tongue_n which_o draw_v the_o student_n from_o one_o link_n to_o another_o till_o he_o have_v pass_v over_o the_o whole_a chain_n of_o dependence_n this_o make_v he_o run_v through_o the_o old_a gallic_n irish_a scotch_a and_o danish_a dialect_n especial_o the_o gothic_n sclavonian_a and_o german_a of_o his_o perfection_n in_o the_o latter_a he_o give_v the_o world_n a_o public_a specimen_fw-la on_o this_o occasion_n while_o his_o reverend_a friend_n dr._n meric_n casaubon_n be_v employ_v in_o a_o essay_n on_o the_o saxon_a tongue_n he_o happen_v upon_o a_o epistle_n of_o justus_n lipsuis_n to_o henry_n schottius_fw-la which_o contain_v a_o large_a catalogue_n of_o old_a german_a word_n in_o use_n with_o that_o nation_n about_o eight_o or_o nine_o hundred_o year_n before_o the_o dr._n think_v many_o of_o they_o have_v a_o great_a affinity_n to_o the_o saxon_a and_o therefore_o be_v then_o at_o london_n send_v down_o the_o catalogue_n to_o mr._n somner_n at_o canterbury_n and_o desire_v his_o opinion_n of_o they_o who_o within_o few_o day_n return_v his_o animadversion_n and_o show_v the_o relation_n of_o the_o german_a with_o the_o saxon_a tongue_n but_o because_o they_o be_v too_o long_o to_o be_v insert_v by_o dr._n casaubon_n in_o the_o body_n of_o his_o discourse_n he_o place_v they_o as_o a_o appendix_n under_o this_o title_n gulielmi_n somneri_fw-la cantuariensâ—s_fw-la ad_fw-la verba_fw-la vetera_fw-la germanica_n à _fw-la v._n cl._n justo_fw-la lipsio_n epist._n cent._n iii_o ad_fw-la belgas_n epist._n xliv_o collecta_fw-la notae_fw-la this_o first_o part_n of_o dr._n casaubon_n comment_n on_o four_o tongue_n hebrew_n and_o saxon_a the_o other_o two_o greek_a and_o latin_a the_o dr._n do_v not_o finish_v be_v publish_v at_o london_n 1650._o 8_o vo_z ou_fw-fr the_o mention_n of_o it_o i_o will_v put_v you_o in_o mind_n of_o one_o mistake_v of_o a_o learned_a man_n du_n fresne_n ld._n du_fw-fr gange_n who_o in_o the_o preface_n to_o his_o admirable_a latin_a glossary_n reflect_v on_o those_o critic_n who_o will_v derive_v the_o modern_a language_n from_o greek_a original_n joachimus_n perioâ—â—us_n and_o hen._n stephanus_n for_o the_o french_a monosmius_fw-la for_o the_o italian_a matutius_fw-la and_o aldretus_fw-la for_o the_o spanish_a and_o stephen_n skynner_n for_o the_o english_a when_o this_o last_o must_v be_v a_o lapse_n of_o memory_n for_o dr._n mâ—riâ—_n casaubon_n who_o in_o this_o comment_n on_o the_o saxon_a tongue_n do_v industrious_o refer_v it_o to_o the_o greek_a and_o give_v a_o long_a catalogue_n of_o saxon_a word_n so_o deduce_v whereas_o dr._n skynner_n do_v indeed_o fetch_v the_o saxon_a from_o the_o northern_a dialect_n and_o reflect_v on_o dr._n casaubon_n for_o be_v so_o fond_a of_o that_o other_o conceit_n these_o be_v the_o public_a service_n do_v by_o mr._n somner_n till_o the_o year_n 1650._o at_o which_o time_n dr._n casaubon_n report_v that_o he_o will_v have_v print_v all_o his_o useful_a labour_n and_o will_v have_v write_v much_o more_o if_o that_o fatal_a catastrophe_n have_v not_o interpose_v which_o bring_v no_o less_o desolation_n upon_o letter_n than_o upon_o the_o land_n 141._o and_o he_o himself_o have_v about_o three_o year_n before_o declare_v that_o he_o have_v by_o he_o some_o other_o thing_n in_o a_o readiness_n for_o the_o public_a which_o shall_v not_o god_n
of_o it_o but_o in_o such_o unhappy_a time_n what_o can_v the_o reader_n promise_v to_o himself_o or_o what_o can_v i_o promise_v for_o the_o author_n i_o leave_v all_o to_o his_o own_o discretion_n 142._o upon_o this_o hint_n give_v to_o the_o public_a many_o other_o of_o mr._n somner_n friend_n who_o know_v his_o course_n of_o study_n do_v themselves_o hope_n and_o make_v other_o expect_v to_o see_v such_o a_o labour_n do_v by_o he_o especial_o when_o by_o his_o glossary_a and_o version_n of_o saxon_a charter_n he_o have_v far_o serve_v the_o world_n from_o that_o time_n he_o be_v incite_v by_o the_o daily_a request_n and_o importunity_n of_o many_o person_n to_o undertake_v and_o finish_v that_o work_n many_o of_o his_o judicious_a and_o affectionate_a friend_n consider_v his_o slender_a fortune_n and_o offer_v to_o contribute_v in_o the_o charge_n of_o the_o impression_n with_o assurance_n that_o the_o book_n will_v be_v very_o acceptable_a both_o at_o home_n and_o abroad_o especial_o to_o all_o that_o be_v studious_a of_o the_o teutonic_n antiquity_n which_o language_n be_v original_o the_o same_o with_o the_o saxon_a dict._n but_o for_o a_o work_n that_o require_v so_o much_o time_n and_o so_o great_a expense_n his_o friend_n be_v to_o contrive_v some_o more_o competent_a support_n and_o reward_v to_o which_o providence_n that_o seldom_o fail_v industrious_a man_n ordain_v a_o opportunity_n the_o great_a sir_n henry_n spelman_n while_o he_o be_v at_o cambridge_n with_o mr._n jeremy_n stephens_n to_o search_v those_o library_n and_o collect_v material_n for_o his_o design_a volume_n of_o british_a council_n find_v very_o many_o saxon_a manuscript_n and_o very_o few_o that_o understand_v they_o resolve_v to_o found_v a_o lecture_n in_o that_o language_n to_o restore_v and_o improve_v the_o study_n of_o it_o this_o generous_a act_n be_v soon_o do_v by_o he_o and_o he_o first_o confer_v that_o office_n on_o mr._n abraham_n wheelock_n one_o that_o have_v assist_v he_o in_o some_o transcript_n of_o that_o tongue_n and_o for_o endowment_n settle_v on_o he_o and_o his_o successor_n a_o sufficient_a yearly_a stipend_n with_o presentation_n to_o the_o benefice_n of_o midleton_n nigh_o lin-regis_a in_o norfolk_n bedae_fw-la by_o the_o death_n of_o mr._n wheelock_n an._n 1657._o the_o disposal_n of_o that_o lecture_n fall_v to_o roger_n spelman_n esq_n son_n of_o sir_n john_n son_n of_o the_o founder_n who_o design_v to_o bestow_v it_o on_o mr._n samuel_n foster_n a_o learned_a and_o worthy_a divine_a but_o archbishop_n usher_n a_o friend_n to_o antiquity_n and_o mr._n somner_n recommend_v he_o to_o the_o patron_n that_o he_o will_v confer_v on_o he_o the_o pecuniary_a stipend_n to_o enable_v he_o to_o prosecute_v a_o saxon_a dictionary_n which_o will_v more_o improve_v that_o tongue_n than_o bear_v academic_a lecture_n diction_n and_o herein_o that_o prelate_n be_v like_o himself_o judicious_a for_o the_o endowment_n of_o public_a lecture_n have_v often_o meet_v with_o this_o till_o success_n to_o make_v the_o reader_n neglect_v and_o the_o hearer_n despise_v they_o whereas_o if_o the_o same_o reward_n be_v give_v on_o condition_n of_o print_v those_o lecture_n or_o publish_v some_o other_o remain_v of_o that_o art_n or_o science_n man_n industry_n will_v be_v great_a and_o the_o republic_n of_o letter_n much_o better_o serve_v this_o seem_v the_o intention_n of_o the_o wise_a and_o pious_a founder_n sir_n henry_n spelman_n in_o establish_v this_o lecture_n the_o word_n of_o his_o foundation_n be_v to_o promote_v the_o saxon_a tongue_n either_o by_o read_v it_o public_o or_o by_o the_o edition_n of_o saxon_a manuscript_n and_o other_o book_n bedae_fw-la which_o last_o design_n mr._n wheelock_n have_v most_o answer_v by_o publish_v the_o ecclesiastical_a history_n of_o bede_n with_o the_o saxon_a paraphrase_n of_o king_n alfred_n the_o saxon_a chronology_n with_o his_o own_o latin_a version_n and_o mr._n lambard_n saxon_n law_n with_o some_o addition_n cambridge_n 1644._o fol._n this_o reason_n of_o the_o thing_n and_o this_o will_n of_o his_o grandfather_n incline_v mr._n spelman_n to_o comply_v with_o the_o advice_n of_o bishop_n usher_n and_o to_o present_v mr._n somner_n to_o the_o annual_a salary_n of_o that_o lecture_n which_o this_o man_n of_o tenderness_n and_o modesty_n will_v not_o accept_v without_o the_o free_a consent_n of_o mr._n foster_n before_o nominate_v to_o the_o place_n who_o prefer_v the_o public_a before_o his_o own_o interest_n and_o mr._n somner_n before_o himself_o therefore_o content_a with_o the_o ecclesiastical_a benefice_n he_o leave_v the_o annual_a portion_n of_o money_n to_o mr._n somner_n who_o receive_v this_o reward_n will_v not_o omit_v the_o duty_n for_o it_o he_o be_v enough_o sensible_a that_o to_o make_v a_o lexicon_n in_o any_o tongue_n be_v one_o of_o the_o hard_a and_o most_o servile_a labour_n especial_o if_o no_o foundation_n be_v before_o lay_v there_o to_o find_v material_n and_o to_o build_v the_o whole_a structure_n be_v more_o tedious_a and_o expensive_a than_o bare_o to_o augment_v or_o adorn_v on_o reflection_n he_o find_v those_o difficulty_n to_o press_v upon_o he_o some_o faint_a endeavour_n and_o forget_v promise_n but_o no_o one_o public_a performance_n of_o this_o nature_n the_o first_o example_n be_v give_v by_o aelfric_n the_o grammarian_n and_o archbishop_n either_o of_o canterbury_n 588._o or_o rather_o of_o york_n aelfricis_fw-la who_o flourish_v about_o the_o year_n 1004._o and_o make_v two_o distinct_a glossary_n on_o this_o tongue_n one_o of_o which_o f._n junius_n transcribe_v from_o a_o very_a ancient_a copy_n in_o the_o library_n of_o peter_n paul_n rubenius_n of_o brussels_n and_o communicate_v to_o mr._n somner_n 17._o who_o publish_v it_o with_o the_o latin_a grammar_n in_o saxon_n by_o the_o same_o author_n this_o can_v be_v no_o great_a assistance_n to_o mr._n somner_n because_o short_a and_o imperfect_a and_o indeed_o erroneous_a and_o a_o little_a barbarous_a as_o the_o editor_n himself_o complain_v ib._n and_o another_o expert_a in_o these_o study_n do_v affirm_v when_o aelfric_n expound_v the_o word_n in_o latin_a he_o be_v very_o oft_o mistake_v bleak_a there_o be_v another_o glossary_a latin-saxon_a by_o the_o same_o prelate_n distinct_a from_o the_o former_a which_o he_o write_v as_o a_o comment_n on_o his_o grammar_n and_o be_v find_v at_o the_o end_n of_o those_o copy_n of_o the_o grammar_n which_o be_v now_o in_o the_o cotton_n library_n and_o in_o that_o of_o st._n john_n oxon_n which_o seem_v to_o have_v escape_v the_o knowledge_n of_o mr._n somner_n this_o latter_a may_v be_v the_o same_o with_o that_o diction_n latin-saxon_a which_o dr._n cave_n recount_v among_o the_o manuscript_n of_o aelfric_n 590._o and_o therefore_o a_o worthy_a author_n be_v injurious_a to_o dr._n cave_n in_o tax_v he_o with_o a_o error_n for_o recite_v this_o work_n among_o the_o manuscript_n of_o aelfric_n when_o it_o be_v publish_v by_o mr._n somner_n 377._o no_o that_o work_n be_v still_o in_o ms._n and_o what_o be_v publish_v by_o mr._n somner_n be_v a_o different_a tract_n which_o the_o dr._n have_v before_o mention_v as_o print_v at_o oxon._n 1659._o one_o writer_n shall_v be_v tender_a of_o another_o writer_n reputation_n and_o not_o impute_v mistake_n but_o where_o he_o be_v very_o certain_a of_o they_o there_o be_v two_o other_o ancient_a saxon_a glossary_n by_o unknown_a hand_n in_o the_o cotton_n library_n the_o one_o a_o thin_a folio_n the_o other_o a_o more_o thick_a octavo_fw-la what_o help_n mr._n somner_n have_v from_o these_o he_o free_o own_v by_o refer_v to_o they_o since_o the_o reformation_n mr._n laurence_n nowell_n spend_v time_n in_o draw_v up_o a_o saxon_a vocabulary_a which_o he_o design_v to_o complete_a and_o publish_v but_o he_o die_v in_o 1576._o leave_v the_o imperfect_a manuscript_n which_o mr._n selden_n procure_v and_o lend_v to_o mr._n somner_n who_o seem_v not_o to_o have_v receive_v it_o till_o he_o have_v in_o great_a part_n digest_v his_o own_o collection_n and_o imply_v it_o to_o be_v a_o deficient_a work_n f._n junius_n after_o take_v a_o transcript_n of_o it_o the_o original_n and_o copy_n be_v both_o with_o we_o next_o to_o he_o mr._n i._n joceline_n secretary_n to_o archbishop_n parker_n by_o advice_n of_o that_o learned_a prelate_n make_v some_o large_a collection_n to_o the_o same_o intent_n which_o be_v transcribe_v by_o sir_n symonds_n d'ewe_v baronet_n and_o remit_v to_o mr._n somner_n who_o far_a mention_n a_o report_n that_o john_n de_fw-fr laet_n of_o antwerp_n a_o man_n learn_v in_o saxon_a letter_n have_v project_v a_o work_n of_o this_o nature_n but_o no_o performance_n after_o all_o mr._n abraham_n wheelock_n spelman-professor_n do_v promise_v the_o world_n that_o he_o will_v compile_v a_o saxon_a dictionary_n but_o he_o either_o forget_v the_o promise_n or_o death_n absolve_v he_o from_o it_o it_o have_v be_v the_o
for_o more_o year_n than_o he_o enjoy_v they_o he_o be_v a_o peculiar_a friend_n to_o mr._n somner_n and_o the_o chief_a contributor_n to_o the_o impression_n of_o his_o saxon_a dictionary_n his_o name_n stand_v in_o the_o front_n of_o those_o encourager_n of_o learning_n dict._n let_v we_o last_o reflect_v on_o mr._n somner_n integrity_n to_o all_o the_o world_n or_o this_o alone_o can_v prove_v loyalty_n and_o orthodoxy_n not_o to_o be_v the_o affectation_n of_o a_o 〈◊〉_d but_o the_o conscience_n of_o a_o christian._n man_n may_v profess_v any_o faith_n or_o adopt_v any_o cause_n but_o it_o be_v innocence_n and_o honesty_n alone_o that_o can_v prove_v it_o a_o belief_n and_o not_o a_o pretention_n this_o proof_n be_v give_v by_o mr._n somner_n who_o in_o all_o his_o write_n have_v be_v so_o plain_a and_o sincere_a that_o he_o will_v not_o dissemble_v a_o truth_n nor_o suggest_v a_o false_a invention_n his_o profession_n be_v that_o he_o love_v truth_n the_o end_n of_o all_o science_n for_o itself_o and_o be_v all_o together_o anbiast_n with_o any_o by_o respect_n whether_o of_o vainglory_n singularity_n or_o the_o like_a make_v it_o his_o constant_a endeavour_n that_o truth_n alone_o may_v triumph_v ever_o falsehood_n antiquity_n over_o novelty_n gavel-kind_n how_o do_v most_o historian_n betray_v a_o partial_a regard_n to_o their_o nation_n or_o their_o party_n how_o many_o pretender_n to_o antiquity_n have_v conceal_v the_o notice_n of_o whatever_o oppose_v their_o own_o fancy_n and_o raise_v the_o apparition_n of_o record_n to_o justify_v the_o cause_n for_o which_o they_o write_v especial_o how_o do_v most_o describer_n of_o their_o native_a soil_n take_v pain_n to_o flourish_v and_o disguise_n and_o like_o sir_n henry_n wotton_n ambassador_n think_v it_o even_o a_o merit_n to_o lie_v for_o the_o honour_n of_o their_o country_n mr._n somner_n have_v a_o probity_n and_o excellence_n of_o spirit_n that_o make_v he_o abhor_v all_o such_o artifice_n and_o guile_n let_v one_o short_a instance_n serve_v there_o be_v two_o specious_a tradition_n that_o seem_v much_o to_o illustrate_v the_o credit_n of_o our_o county_n 1._o that_o the_o kentish-man_n be_v the_o only_a english_a who_o maintain_v their_o privilege_n against_o william_n the_o conqueror_n and_o under_o the_o conduct_n of_o stigand_n archbishop_n and_o aegelfina_fw-la abbot_n of_o st._n augustaine_v march_v with_o bough_n and_o make_v their_o composition_n at_o swanscoâ—â—â—_n 2._o that_o of_o all_o county_n kent_n alone_o enjoy_v a_o immunity_n from_o the_o tenure_n of_o villeinage_n a_o privilege_n continue_v to_o they_o by_o the_o say_a conqueror_n though_o for_o the_o honour_n of_o his_o mother_n county_n he_o may_v have_v be_v glad_a to_o defend_v these_o title_n yet_o have_v find_v they_o false_a he_o scorn_v to_o appear_v a_o advocate_n for_o they_o but_o refute_v they_o as_o monkish_a figment_n and_o politic_o devise_v etc._n mr._n somner_n whole_a life_n be_v like_o his_o write_n void_a of_o prejudice_n and_o passion_n he_o have_v that_o civility_n which_o caesar_n observe_v to_o have_v be_v peculiar_a to_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o kent_n 6._o and_o that_o firm_a resolution_n which_o make_v our_o countryman_n claim_v a_o ancient_a privilege_n of_o be_v place_v in_o the_o front_n of_o a_o battle_n 11._o he_o be_v courteous_a without_o design_n be_v wise_a without_o a_o trick_n and_o faithful_a without_o a_o reward_n humble_a and_o compassionate_a moderate_a and_o equal_a never_o fret_v by_o his_o affliction_n nor_o elate_v by_o the_o favour_n of_o heaven_n and_o good_a man_n it_o be_v his_o charity_n and_o purity_n of_o heart_n that_o prefer_v he_o to_o the_o mastership_n of_o st._n john_n hospital_n in_o the_o suburb_n of_o canterbury_n an._n 1660._o in_o which_o station_n he_o do_v not_o subtract_v from_o the_o pietance_n of_o the_o poor_a nor_o use_v any_o art_n to_o rob_v the_o spittle_n but_o be_v tender_a of_o their_o person_n and_o zealous_a of_o their_o right_n by_o his_o interest_n and_o courage_n he_o recover_v some_o part_n of_o their_o endowment_n of_o which_o by_o the_o commissioner_n on_o the_o stat._n 37._o of_o henry_n 8._o it_o have_v be_v fleece_v at_o other_o like_a place_n by_o the_o sacrilegious_a pilfery_n of_o those_o ravenous_a and_o wretched_a time_n 94._o it_o be_v for_o the_o same_o plain_a and_o open_a honesty_n that_o at_o the_o restauration_n he_o be_v appoint_v auditor_n of_o christchurch_n canterbury_n by_o the_o dean_n and_o chapter_n to_o who_o he_o be_v a_o father_n and_o friend_n more_o than_o a_o honorary_a servant_n he_o entertain_v they_o in_o his_o own_o house_n till_o their_o own_o be_v clear_v from_o the_o fanatic_a intruder_n and_o make_v convenient_a for_o they_o he_o deliver_v back_o all_o their_o preserve_v write_n inform_v they_o of_o all_o their_o late_o alienate_v land_n receive_v all_o their_o fine_n and_o digest_v all_o account_n to_o universal_a satisfaction_n this_o settle_a he_o such_o a_o interest_n in_o that_o body_n and_o all_o the_o member_n of_o it_o that_o no_o private_a man_n have_v a_o equal_a influence_n and_o authority_n which_o he_o never_o employ_v but_o to_o promote_v some_o act_n of_o charity_n and_o justice_n he_o be_v frequent_o entrust_v by_o the_o dean_n and_o prebendary_n to_o supervise_v the_o public_a school_n to_o examine_v lad_n that_o shall_v be_v elect_v king_n scholar_n and_o upon_o the_o like_a trial_n to_o judge_v who_o be_v most_o fit_a for_o removal_n to_o the_o university_n in_o which_o his_o inquiry_n be_v exact_a and_o his_o favour_n be_v impartial_a his_o endeavour_n be_v to_o advance_v the_o interest_n and_o honour_n of_o the_o school_n to_o as_o high_a a_o pitch_n as_o while_o he_o be_v himself_o a_o member_n of_o it_o when_o his_o master_n mr._n john_n blood_fw-mi some_o year_n before_o he_o die_v affirm_v he_o have_v thirty_o seven_o master_n of_o art_n of_o his_o own_o bring_v up_o 108._o dr._n tho._n turner_n the_o worthy_a dean_n have_v a_o most_o peculiar_a esteem_n for_o he_o and_o pay_v he_o the_o frequent_a visit_n of_o a_o most_o familiar_a friend_n all_o the_o neighbour_a clergy_n who_o he_o know_v to_o be_v of_o good_a principle_n and_o honest_a conversation_n he_o assist_v with_o his_o knowledge_n his_o interest_n and_o his_o free_a advice_n i_o remember_v to_o have_v often_o hear_v my_o honour_a father_n dwell_v much_o upon_o the_o fair_a character_n of_o mr._n somner_n and_o represent_v he_o as_o a_o patron_n and_o protector_n of_o all_o the_o regular_a clergy_n of_o his_o resolute_a and_o incorrupted_a honesty_n there_o can_v be_v no_o great_a argument_n than_o this_o among_o all_o his_o temptation_n in_o several_a office_n to_o high_a and_o arbitrary_a fee_n among_o the_o easy_a advantage_n to_o be_v bribe_v and_o the_o just_a expectance_n to_o be_v reward_v among_o the_o many_o opportunity_n of_o share_v in_o the_o church_n treasure_n and_o take_v lease_n of_o their_o land_n among_o the_o most_o ready_a and_o effectual_a mean_n to_o raise_v a_o estate_n and_o advance_v a_o family_n he_o leave_v but_o a_o small_a competence_n which_o if_o not_o frugal_o manage_v can_v never_o have_v answer_v the_o support_n of_o his_o widow_n and_o the_o education_n of_o his_o child_n by_o his_o last_o will_v he_o give_v several_a legacy_n to_o the_o poor_a and_o a_o kind_a remembrance_n to_o mr._n stockar_n then_o minister_n of_o st._n aelphege_n canterbury_n in_o the_o begin_n of_o his_o last_o illness_n he_o take_v a_o opportunity_n to_o tell_v his_o wife_n that_o through_o his_o whole_a life_n he_o have_v never_o be_v let_v blood_n nor_o take_v any_o phisic_n which_o be_v a_o just_a argument_n not_o only_o of_o his_o happy_a constitution_n but_o of_o his_o exact_a temperance_n and_o sobriety_n the_o day_n of_o his_o birth_n be_v the_o day_n of_o his_o death_n march_v 30._o 1669._o age_v 63._o year_n according_a to_o the_o account_n give_v by_o his_o wife_n and_o son_n who_o report_v it_o from_o tradition_n and_o some_o better_a ground_n but_o a_o certificate_n from_o the_o register-book_n of_o st._n margaret_n canterbury_n under_o the_o hand_n of_o of_o mr._n tho._n johnson_n represent_v he_o to_o be_v baptize_v novemb_n 5_o 1598._o by_o which_o his_o age_n must_v reach_v to_o seventy_o year_n five_o month_n etc._n etc._n which_o length_n of_o day_n have_v almost_o make_v he_o as_o queen_n christina_n say_v late_o of_o herself_o and_o rome_n one_o of_o the_o antiquity_n of_o the_o city_n he_o be_v bury_v apr._n the_o 2._o within_o the_o church_n of_o st._n margaret_n where_o many_o of_o his_o ancestor_n lay_v inter_v his_o grave_n be_v distinguish_v by_o no_o stone_n or_o inscription_n on_o it_o a_o omission_n that_o i_o presume_v be_v more_o owe_v to_o his_o own_o modesty_n than_o any_o disrespect_n of_o his_o survive_a friend_n yet_o i_o can_v but_o admire_v and_o lament_v that_o such_o
learned_a ash_n shall_v lie_v without_o a_o letter_n on_o they_o that_o he_o who_o raise_v the_o memory_n of_o so_o many_o great_a name_n shall_v himself_o sleep_v in_o a_o place_n forget_v and_o after_o all_o his_o labour_n to_o eternize_v the_o tomb_n and_o epitaph_n of_o other_o shall_v have_v no_o such_o decent_a ceremony_n pay_v to_o his_o own_o dust_n sure_o the_o time_n will_v come_v when_o some_o grateful_a monument_n shall_v be_v erect_v for_o he_o either_o by_o some_o one_o of_o his_o family_n who_o providence_n shall_v enable_v to_o pay_v that_o duty_n or_o by_o some_o one_o generous_a lover_n of_o antiquity_n or_o by_o that_o capitular_a body_n to_o who_o he_o do_v such_o great_a service_n and_o such_o great_a honour_n he_o be_v twice_o marry_v his_o first_o wife_n be_v mrs._n elisabeth_n thurgar_n bear_v of_o a_o good_a family_n in_o cambridgeshire_n with_o who_o he_o live_v in_o love_n and_o peace_n about_o thirty_o year_n and_o have_v by_o she_o four_o child_n three_o daughter_n and_o one_o son_n all_o dead_a his_o second_o wife_n be_v barbara_n daughter_n of_o mr._n john_n dawson_n a_o kentish_a gentleman_n a_o great_a sufferer_n in_o the_o long_a rebellion_n by_o who_o he_o have_v one_o daughter_n that_o die_v unmarried_a and_o three_o son_n of_o which_o two_o be_v now_o live_v william_n somner_n m._n a._n late_a of_o merton_n coll._n oxon._n now_o vicar_n of_o liminge_v in_o kent_n our_o worthy_a friend_n and_o john_n who_o practise_v chirurgery_n with_o good_a repute_n in_o those_o part_n his_o last_o wife_n be_v now_o the_o mourn_a relict_n of_o mr._n henry_n hâ—nnington_n late_a vicar_n of_o elham_n his_o many_o well_o select_a book_n and_o choice_a manuscript_n be_v purchase_v by_o the_o dean_n and_o chapter_n who_o know_v the_o great_a value_n of_o they_o and_o what_o a_o noble_a addition_n they_o will_v make_v to_o the_o public_a library_n of_o that_o church_n where_o they_o now_o remain_v a_o inestimable_a treasure_n the_o catalogue_n of_o his_o manuscript_n i_o will_v subjoin_v to_o his_o life_n in_o the_o same_o order_n and_o word_n wherein_o you_o have_v transmit_v the_o account_n not_o doubt_v your_o care_n and_o exactness_n in_o it_o many_o of_o his_o note_n and_o loose_a paper_n be_v carry_v from_o his_o study_n to_o the_o audit-house_n within_o the_o precinct_n of_o christ-church_n where_o they_o be_v unfortunate_o burn_v by_o a_o fire_n which_o happen_v in_o that_o place_n soon_o after_o his_o death_n by_o this_o and_o other_o accident_n his_o letter_n and_o many_o memorial_n of_o his_o life_n be_v lose_v have_v they_o continue_v to_o we_o we_o shall_v have_v better_o trace_v his_o friendship_n and_o correspondence_n with_o most_o of_o the_o man_n of_o honour_n and_o learning_n in_o that_o age_n from_o the_o obscure_a hint_n that_o now_o remain_v i_o shall_v mention_v some_o of_o they_o first_o archbishop_n laud_n by_o who_o favour_n and_o goodness_n he_o subsist_v in_o his_o place_n and_o profession_n canterb._n who_o make_v great_a use_n of_o he_o in_o his_o article_n and_o injunction_n send_v to_o the_o french_a and_o dutch_a congregation_n in_o those_o part_n an._n 1634._o and_o in_o many_o regulation_n of_o the_o diocese_n and_o cathedral_n an._n 1636._o for_o which_o dutiful_a assistance_n mr._n somner_n be_v public_o charge_v by_o those_o foreigner_n as_o accessary_a to_o their_o trouble_n to_z and_o he_o bear_v from_o all_o schisfmatic_a party_n a_o great_a share_n of_o calumny_n and_o persecution_n for_o be_v in_o the_o brethren_n language_n one_o of_o laud'_v creature_n the_o great_a esteem_n that_o prelate_n have_v for_o he_o be_v not_o so_o much_o for_o his_o faithfulness_n and_o dexterity_n in_o discharge_n of_o his_o office_n as_o for_o his_o profound_a knowledge_n of_o antiquity_n for_o as_o no_o one_o part_n of_o learning_n be_v unrewarded_a by_o that_o great_a soul_n so_o he_o have_v a_o most_o particular_a respect_n to_o historian_n and_o antiquary_n sir_n henry_n spelman_n do_v grateful_o report_v he_o a_o great_a encourager_n of_o his_o edition_n of_o the_o saxon_a council_n 1._o mr._n jer._n stephens_n by_o the_o archbishop_n favour_n be_v make_v prebendary_a of_o bigleswade_n in_o the_o church_n of_o linc._n as_o a_o reward_n of_o assist_a sir_n henry_n spelman_n in_o that_o labour_n 230._o fr._n junius_n that_o oracle_n of_o the_o northern_a tongue_n at_o his_o first_o come_v into_o england_n be_v recommend_v to_o the_o earl_n of_o arundel_n and_o retain_v in_o his_o family_n by_o the_o interest_n of_o dr._n laud_n theâ—_n bishop_n of_o st._n david_n to_o john_n son_n of_o sir_n henry_n spelman_n dedicate_v to_o the_o archbishop_n his_o latin_a saxon_n psalter_n and_o celebrate_v he_o for_o a_o preserver_n of_o ancient_a manuscript_n and_o a_o patron_n of_o the_o saxon_a tungue_n to_o the_o same_o excellent_a prelate_n countenance_v the_o like_a study_n of_o mr._n somner_n and_o make_v use_v of_o his_o assistance_n in_o collect_v many_o of_o those_o various_a manuscript_n which_o he_o send_v hither_o to_o adorn_v our_o bodley_n archive_v of_o which_o eighty_o at_o least_o be_v pure_o on_o the_o subject_n of_o national_a antiquity_n and_o it_o be_v probable_a our_o author_n be_v employ_v further_o in_o compile_v or_o digest_v that_o large_a book_n in_o vellum_n fair_o write_v contain_v the_o record_n which_o be_v in_o the_o tower_n and_o concern_v the_o clergy_n ab_fw-la anno_fw-la 20._o edw._n 1._o ad_fw-la a_o 14._o edw._n 4._o which_o book_n the_o archbishop_n get_v do_v at_o his_o own_o charge_n and_o leave_v it_o in_o his_o study_n at_o lambeth_n for_o posterity_n june_n 10._o 1643._o this_o be_v the_o prudence_n and_o honour_n of_o that_o governor_n to_o consider_v useful_a and_o beneficial_a man_n and_o shall_v indeed_o be_v the_o spirit_n of_o all_o patron_n to_o respect_v such_o as_o can_v serve_v they_o and_o the_o public_a for_o this_o dependence_n and_o these_o favour_n mr._n somner_n be_v humble_o grateful_a of_o who_o say_v he_o to_o speak_v be_v not_o a_o task_n for_o my_o pen_n i_o leave_v it_o to_o posterity_n hereafter_o and_o to_o better_a ability_n to_o set_v forth_o his_o constant_a piety_n great_a wisdom_n and_o spotless_a justice_n horobert_n what_o all_o man_n take_v unto_o themselves_o a_o liberty_n to_o speak_v of_o he_o i_o shall_v be_v hold_n to_o commemorate_v that_o never_o to_o be_v forget_v gift_n of_o he_o to_o the_o university_n library_n of_o oxford_n of_o a_o innumerable_a multitude_n of_o choice_n and_o rare_a manuscript_n with_o his_o great_a care_n and_o cost_n gather_v from_o all_o part_n not_o only_o of_o this_o kingdom_n but_o also_o of_o the_o whole_a world_n 275._o archbishop_n usher_n may_v be_v just_o esteem_v the_o next_o friend_n and_o patron_n of_o mr._n somner_n how_o infinite_a the_o learning_n and_o how_o large_a the_o goodness_n of_o this_o prelate_n be_v not_o to_o be_v here_o observe_v it_o be_v only_o proper_a to_o remark_n his_o great_a zeal_n in_o restore_v the_o old_a northern_a antiquity_n bury_v in_o the_o gothic_n and_o anglo-saxon_n tongue_n he_o first_o move_v sir_n henry_n spelman_n to_o found_v a_o saxon_a lecture_n at_o cambridge_n he_o make_v the_o proposal_n in_o sidney_n college_n 1640_o 1644._o he_o recommede_v mr._n abr._n wheelock_n to_o that_o office_n ib._n he_o advise_v he_o the_o method_n of_o read_v the_o saxon_a gospel_n ib._n he_o give_v he_o direction_n and_o encouragement_n to_o publish_v his_o saxon_a volume_n and_o inform_v he_o that_o the_o doxology_n in_o the_o lord_n prayer_n be_v to_o be_v find_v in_o the_o old_a translation_n of_o the_o gospel_n into_o gothic_n 1652._o he_o furnish_v fr._n junius_n with_o a_o ms_n copy_n of_o caedmâ—n's_n paraphrase_n on_o genesis_n and_o promote_v the_o edition_n of_o that_o work_n dict._n which_o very_o ancient_a manuscript_n the_o bishop_n first_o communicate_v to_o mr._n somner_n for_o a_o account_n and_o more_o legible_a transcript_n of_o it_o ib._n on_o which_o occasion_n his_o lordship_n be_v so_o well_o convince_v of_o the_o ability_n of_o our_o author_n that_o he_o give_v a_o public_a approbation_n to_o his_o treatise_n of_o gavelkind_n he_o encourage_v his_o attempt_n upon_o a_o saxon_a dictionary_n he_o recommend_v he_o to_o roger_n spelman_n esq_n for_o enjoyment_n of_o the_o salary_n settle_v by_o his_o grandfather_n on_o a_o saxon_a lecture_n dict._n and_o do_v he_o all_o the_o other_o true_a office_n of_o friendship_n sir_n thomas_n cotton_n of_o connington_n com._n huntin_n baronet_n by_o a_o hereditary_a love_n of_o scholar_n be_v a_o great_a benefactor_n to_o mr._n somner_n and_o his_o study_n he_o maintain_v a_o epistolary_a correspondence_n with_o he_o give_v he_o free_a access_n to_o his_o immense_a library_n lend_v he_o glossary_n and_o other_o remain_v of_o ancient_a letter_n praef._n entertain_v he_o in_o his_o house_n at_o westminster_n some_o month_n to_o collect_v and_o digest_v
his_o saxon_a dictionary_n and_o contribute_v to_o the_o expense_n of_o its_o publication_n append._n that_o great_a master_n of_o history_n and_o law_n sir_n roger_n twisden_n of_o west-peckham_n in_o kent_n baronet_n exchange_v many_o kind_a letter_n and_o intimate_v visit_n with_o our_o author_n receive_v from_o he_o note_n and_o correction_n to_o his_o edition_n of_o the_o law_n of_o henry_n the_o first_o furnish_v he_o with_o the_o chartulary_a of_o st._n augustin_n abbey_n in_o canterbury_n and_o other_o curiosity_n 171._o prevail_v with_o he_o to_o adorn_v the_o x._o scriptores_fw-la with_o a_o incomparable_a glossary_n bear_v a_o generous_a share_n in_o the_o costly_a edition_n of_o his_o saxon_a dictionary_n append._n and_o give_v he_o the_o just_a character_n of_o a_o man_n of_o primitive_a probity_n and_o candour_n a_o most_o sagacious_a searcher_n into_o the_o antiquity_n of_o his_o country_n and_o most_o expert_a in_o the_o saxon_a tongue_n &c_n &c_n script_n for_o which_o service_n and_o civility_n mr._n somner_n do_v more_o than_o once_o acknowledge_v he_o his_o very_a noble_a and_o learned_a friend_n the_o prime_a encourager_n of_o his_o study_n enajcian_n that_o great_a example_n of_o industry_n sir_n w._n dugdale_n by_o his_o genius_n and_o parity_n of_o study_n be_v direct_v to_o the_o acquaintance_n of_o mr._n somner_n and_o contract_v a_o fast_a friendship_n with_o he_o he_o call_v in_o his_o assistance_n to_o the_o magnificent_a volume_n of_o monast._n anglican_n 1655._o and_o 1661._o appeal_v to_o he_o for_o the_o etymology_n of_o name_n of_o place_n to_o illustrate_v his_o antiquity_n of_o warwickshire_n 1656._o receive_v from_o his_o hand_n very_o many_o of_o the_o material_n that_o fill_v up_o the_o second_o volume_n of_o provincial_a council_n 1664._o depend_v upon_o his_o judgement_n and_o information_n to_o complete_a the_o glossary_a of_o sir_n henry_n spelman_n he_o seem_v to_o have_v attempt_v nothing_o without_o his_o advice_n and_o to_o have_v publish_v nothing_o without_o his_o approbation_n give_v among_o other_o this_o testimony_n of_o his_o respect_n and_o love_n in_o etymologize_v the_o name_n of_o town_n and_o place_n i_o have_v not_o be_v over_o bold_a etc._n etc._n nor_o shall_v i_o have_v adventure_v thus_o far_o have_v i_o not_o receive_v much_o light_n from_o that_o learned_a gentleman_n mr._n william_n somner_n of_o canterbury_n my_o singular_a friend_n unto_o who_o i_o can_v attribute_v enough_o for_o his_o great_a knowledge_n in_o antiquity_n and_o those_o commendable_a work_n which_o he_o have_v already_o and_o be_v now_o take_v pain_n in_o illustrate_v by_o this_o last_o he_o mean_v the_o saxon_a dictionary_n to_o which_o mr._n dugdale_n contribute_v his_o knowledge_n and_o his_o money_n and_o have_v this_o grateful_a acknowledgement_n make_v of_o it_o the_o great_a retriever_n of_o our_o english_a antiquity_n my_o noble_a friend_n mr._n william_n dugdale_n one_o to_o do_v he_o right_a without_o who_o active_a and_o effectual_a assistance_n in_o the_o publication_n of_o it_o this_o work_n have_v never_o see_v the_o light_n 〈◊〉_d the_o treasurer_n of_o antiquity_n mr._n roger_n dodsworth_n know_v the_o person_n and_o the_o worth_n of_o mr._n somner_n he_o borrow_v from_o he_o the_o chartulary_a of_o hortonmonachorum_fw-la in_o kent_n 86._o and_o many_o other_o evidence_n of_o old_a devotion_n he_o receive_v from_o he_o far_o satisfaction_n in_o the_o catalogue_n of_o archdeacon_n of_o canterbury_n which_o he_o have_v transcribe_v from_o his_o antiquity_n of_o that_o city_n 161._o and_o from_o his_o kindness_n have_v a_o copy_n of_o many_o will_n out_o of_o the_o register_n of_o that_o see_n 81._o sir_n simonds_n d'ewe_v baronet_n of_o stomhall_n in_o suffolk_n a_o zealous_a assertor_n of_o antiquity_n be_v not_o so_o happy_a in_o the_o use_n of_o his_o own_o learning_n as_o in_o his_o interest_n with_o mr._n somner_n who_o instruct_v he_o in_o the_o notice_n of_o many_o thing_n and_o make_v the_o better_a use_n of_o his_o inestimable_a record_n take_v occasion_n to_o tell_v the_o world_n of_o a_o very_a rare_a deed_n 〈◊〉_d charter_n take_v from_o a_o ancient_a manuscript_n chartulary_a thou_o remain_v with_o sir_n thomas_n cotton_n which_o he_o must_v confess_v to_o owe_v to_o the_o courtesy_n of_o his_o late_a learned_a friend_n sir_n simonds_n d'ewe_v that_o excellent_a philologer_n and_o antiquary_n mr._n william_n burton_n have_v a_o knowledge_n and_o esteem_n of_o mr._n somner_n when_o he_o mention_n canterbury_n for_o one_o of_o the_o roman_a stage_n for_o its_o modern_a splendour_n and_o glory_n he_o refer_v his_o reader_n to_o coâ—â—â—tious_a mr._n somner_n description_n thereof_o and_o approve_v the_o derivation_n of_o its_o name_n give_v by_o that_o learned_a antiquary_n 185._o and_o in_o fix_v other_o of_o these_o ancient_a station_n he_o reject_v the_o opinion_n of_o talbot_n harrison_n camden_n etc._n etc._n and_o adhere_v to_o mr._n somner_n as_o a_o very_a rational_a gentleman_n who_o place_v noviomagus_n or_o noviodâ—num_n at_o câ—â—yford_n in_o kent_n very_o judicious_o as_o he_o do_v other_o thing_n 176._o and_o for_o the_o situation_n of_o durolenum_n he_o follow_v the_o same_o know_a gentleman_n who_o say_v he_o for_o his_o 〈◊〉_d and_o love_n to_o ancient_a studiâ—s_n i_o singular_o respâ—â—t_v who_o 〈◊〉_d it_o to_o have_v be_v 〈◊〉_d fâ—r_n from_o newington_n a_o village_n on_o the_o road_n from_o rochester_n to_o canterbury_n in_o this_o particular_a not_o a_o little_a strengthen_v in_o his_o conjecture_n by_o the_o multitude_n of_o roman_a 〈…〉_z find_v in_o dig_v there_o as_o be_v already_o discover_v and_o discourse_v of_o by_o the_o learned_a meric_n casauâ—on_n his_o ever_o 〈◊〉_d friend_n 180._o this_o new_a designation_n of_o the_o roman_a way_n and_o stage_n so_o happy_o determine_v by_o mr._n somner_n be_v allow_v and_o confirm_v by_o a_o prelate_n of_o incomparable_a knowledge_n 63._o sir_n john_n mâ—rsham_n of_o whornplace_n in_o kent_n value_v at_o home_n and_o admire_v abroad_o for_o his_o profound_a learning_n have_v a_o just_a esteem_n of_o our_o author_n and_o give_v he_o the_o public_a character_n of_o a_o man_n most_o expert_a in_o our_o national_a antiquity_n the_o author_n of_o 〈◊〉_d most_o useful_a glossary_n and_o the_o projector_n of_o a_o copious_a saxon_a dictionary_n 1._o the_o edition_n of_o which_o he_o encourage_v by_o a_o liberal_a contribution_n 〈◊〉_d sir_n 〈◊〉_d byâ—she_n 〈◊〉_d king_n of_o arm_n have_v the_o counsel_n and_o assistance_n of_o mr._n somner_n to_o improve_v he_o in_o his_o own_o profession_n of_o heraldry_n keep_v a_o epistolary_a correspondence_n with_o he_o and_o kind_o advance_v the_o impression_n of_o his_o saxon_a dictionary_n ib._n another_o accurate_a herald_n and_o antiquary_n elias_n ashmole_n esq_n exhibit_v to_o the_o same_o work_n of_o mr._n somner_n ib._n furnish_v he_o with_o many_o select_a paper_n and_o tract_n etc._n and_o receive_v from_o he_o the_o notice_n of_o many_o book_n and_o thing_n to_o carry_v on_o his_o complete_a history_n of_o the_o order_n of_o the_o garter_n and_o to_o fill_v up_o his_o many_o volume_n of_o elaborate_a collection_n which_o be_v now_o reposit_v in_o this_o place_n ashmolâ—ano_n by_o the_o last_o will_n of_o that_o generous_a benefactor_n dr._n thomas_n fuller_n who_o labour_v for_o the_o reputation_n of_o a_o historian_n and_o antiquary_n court_v the_o friendship_n of_o our_o author_n and_o have_v he_o be_v more_o guide_v by_o he_o will_v never_o have_v defile_v his_o write_n with_o pun_n and_o tale_n he_o close_v his_o discourse_n of_o canterbury_n with_o these_o word_n for_o the_o rest_n i_o refer_v the_o reader_n to_o the_o pain_n of_o my_o worthy_a friend_n mr._n william_n somner_n who_o have_v write_v justum_fw-la volumen_fw-la of_o the_o antiquity_n of_o this_o city_n i_o be_o sorry_a to_o see_v he_o subject_v bind_v betray_v thereto_o by_o his_o own_o modesty_n see_v otherwise_o not_o the_o city_n but_o the_o diocese_n of_o canterbury_n have_v be_v more_o adequate_a to_o his_o ability_n 100_o dr._n william_n watts_n the_o learned_a and_o noble_a editor_n of_o matthew_n paris_n 1640._o in_o the_o useful_a glossary_a affix_v to_o that_o work_n be_v assist_v by_o mr._n somner_n who_o convey_v to_o he_o many_o other_o information_n and_o at_o last_o lament_v he_o as_o his_o decease_a friend_n gavelkind_n mr._n george_n davenport_n a_o absolute_a critic_n in_o the_o saxon_a tongue_n be_v a_o true_a and_o useful_a friend_n to_o mr._n somner_n and_o after_o publication_n of_o the_o saxon_a dictionary_n contract_v a_o more_o firm_a acquaintance_n with_o he_o recommend_v to_o he_o some_o few_o emendation_n and_o several_a addition_n to_o that_o work_n for_o which_o our_o author_n give_v he_o the_o respectful_a language_n of_o his_o approve_a friend_n of_o who_o communicative_a goodness_n he_o have_v former_o taste_v 1664._o etc._n etc._n but_o in_o recount_v mr._n somner_n friend_n it_o will_v be_v injustice_n to_o omit_v his_o most_o intimate_a
wet_a and_o under_o water_n for_o the_o most_o part_n dry_a and_o above_o water_n or_o if_o happy_o that_o one_o inundation_n do_v it_o not_o alone_o yet_o may_v it_o give_v such_o a_o good_a essay_n to_o it_o and_o lay_v so_o fair_a a_o begin_n of_o it_o as_o be_v afterward_o perfect_v and_o complete_v by_o follow_a eruption_n of_o that_o kind_n especial_o that_o upon_o the_o part_n of_o zealand_n which_o consist_v of_o old_a of_o fifteen_o island_n eight_o of_o they_o have_v be_v quite_o swallow_v by_o the_o sea_n and_o utter_o lose_v 1_o whence_o that_o of_o a_o late_a 231._o geographer_n of_o our_o own_o concern_v both_o inundation_n the_o country_n belgium_n lie_v exceed_o low_a upon_o the_o sea_n insomuch_o that_o it_o be_v much_o subject_n to_o inundation_n in_o the_o time_n of_o henry_n the_o second_o it_o shall_v be_v the_o first_o flanders_n be_v so_o overflow_v that_o many_o thousand_o of_o people_n who_o dwelling_n the_o sea_n have_v devour_v come_v into_o england_n to_o beg_v new_a seat_n and_o be_v by_o the_o king_n first_o place_v carlisle_n in_o yorshire_n and_o then_o remove_v to_o pembrokeshire_n since_o that_o it_o have_v in_o zealand_n swallow_v eight_o of_o the_o island_n and_o in_o they_o 300_o town_n and_o village_n many_o of_o who_o church_n and_o strong_a building_n be_v at_o a_o dead_a low_a water_n to_o be_v see_v and_o as_o ovid_n have_v it_o of_o helice_n and_o buris_n city_n of_o achaia_n inuenies_fw-la sub_fw-la aquis_fw-la &_o adhuc_fw-la ostendere_fw-la nautae_fw-la inclinata_fw-la solent_fw-la cum_fw-la moenibus_fw-la oppida_fw-la versis_fw-la the_o water_n hide_v they_o and_o the_o shipman_n show_v the_o ruine_a wall_n and_o steeple_n as_o they_o row_v to_o the_o same_o purpose_n the_o 124._o belgic_a geographer_n thus_o zelandia_n multis_fw-la insulis_fw-la distinguitur_fw-la tametsi_fw-la enim_fw-la superiori_fw-la seculo_fw-la oceanus_n magnam_fw-la huic_fw-la regioni_fw-la cladem_fw-la intulit_fw-la &_o aliquot_fw-la insulas_fw-la perruptis_fw-la aggeribus_fw-la penitus_fw-la hausit_fw-la alius_fw-la mirum_fw-la in_o modum_fw-la arrosit_fw-la etc._n etc._n and_o what_o say_v maximè_fw-la guicciardine_n speak_v of_o flanders_n usque_fw-la ad_fw-la annum_fw-la salutis_fw-la 1340_o etc._n etc._n until_o the_o year_n 1340._o say_v he_o as_o often_o as_o any_o bargain_n be_v make_v for_o the_o sale_n of_o any_o land_n along_o the_o maritime_a tract_n provision_n be_v express_o make_v that_o if_o within_o ten_o year_n space_n next_o ensue_v the_o land_n shall_v be_v drown_v than_o the_o bargain_n to_o be_v void_a and_o of_o none_o effect_n that_o this_o the_o emergency_n of_o what_o we_o call_v the_o goodwin_n be_v the_o product_n and_o consequence_n of_o those_o inundation_n goodwyn-sand_n that_o at_o least_o a_o probable_a conjecture_n may_v hence_o be_v ground_v of_o its_o emergency_n by_o this_o mean_n they_o thus_o make_v out_o this_o shelf_n the_o goodwin_n although_o it_o be_v a_o kind_n of_o shallow_a lie_v between_o the_o english_a and_o the_o flemish_a coast_n yet_o until_o so_o much_o of_o the_o water_n sound_v a_o vent_n and_o outlet_a into_o the_o neighbour_a part_n of_o flanders_n and_o the_o low-countries_n be_v always_o so_o far_o under_o water_n as_o it_o never_o lie_v dry_a but_o have_v such_o a_o high_a sea_n run_v over_o it_o as_o it_o no_o way_n endanger_v the_o navigator_n the_o sea_n or_o channel_n be_v as_o safe_o passable_a and_o navigable_a there_o as_o elsewhere_o but_o so_o much_o of_o the_o water_n betwixt_o we_o and_o they_o have_v forsake_v its_o wont_a and_o ordinary_a current_n and_o confine_n and_o gain_v so_o much_o more_o elbow-room_n and_o evacuation_n into_o those_o drown_a part_n on_o the_o other_o side_n the_o sea_n usual_o lose_v in_o one_o place_n what_o it_o gain_v in_o another_o this_o shelf_n the_o goodwin_n from_o thenceforth_o for_o want_v of_o that_o store_n of_o water_n which_o former_o overlay_v it_o become_v what_o it_o be_v a_o kind_a of_o arida_fw-la a_o sand-plott_n desert_v of_o that_o water_n surface_n in_o which_o it_o be_v former_o immerse_v this_o for_o aught_o i_o perceive_v be_v probable_a enough_o and_o have_v nothing_o that_o i_o can_v see_v to_o oppose_v or_o control_v it_o but_o the_o name_n the_o goodwin_n which_o indeed_o can_v consist_v with_o so_o late_a a_o emergency_n whether_o by_o the_o goodwin_n we_o understand_v the_o earl_n sometime_o so_o call_v or_o the_o british_a word_n or_o epithet_n for_o soil_n or_o ground_n of_o that_o tenacious_a sort_n and_o temper_n not_o know_v therefore_o what_o further_a to_o reply_v i_o shall_v leave_v it_o in_o medio_fw-la not_o dare_v to_o determine_v either_o way_n as_o be_v a_o research_n of_o so_o much_o difficulty_n as_o i_o foresee_v when_o all_o be_v do_v must_v be_v leave_v to_o conjecture_v which_o may_v prove_v as_o various_a as_o the_o reader_n now_o to_o dubris_n derivation_n another_o of_o the_o kentish_n roman_n port_n and_o of_o they_o so_o call_v either_o but_o whether_o from_o the_o british_a dyffrin_n signify_v a_o vale_n or_o valley_n whence_o that_o famous_a vale_n or_o valley_n of_o cluyd_v in_o denbighshire_n be_v call_v dyffrin_n cluyd_v as_o one_o will_v say_v the_o enclose_a vale_n or_o valley_n for_o so_o it_o be_v be_v on_o all_o quarter_n but_o the_o north_n environ_v with_o hill_n or_o mountain_n or_o from_o their_o dufr_n or_o dur_n or_o dyfr_n betoken_v water_n run_v water_n or_o a_o river_n whence_o dowerdwy_n be_v of_o girald_n cambrensis_fw-la in_o his_o itinerary_n of_o wales_n in_o latin_a render_v fluvius_n devae_fw-la i.e._n the_o river_n of_o dee_n be_v somewhat_o disputable_a both_o derivation_n be_v enough_o probable_a the_o former_a in_o regard_n of_o the_o place_n situation_n in_o a_o valley_n between_o two_o very_a high_a hill_n or_o rock_n nor_o be_v the_o latter_a less_o probable_a in_o respect_n of_o the_o water_n the_o fresh_a or_o river_n run_v through_o it_o and_o present_o empty_v itself_o into_o the_o sea_n and_o by_o the_o way_n serve_v to_o scour_v the_o haven_n and_o keep_v it_o open_a so_o that_o leave_v the_o reader_n to_o his_o liberty_n of_o choice_n i_o shall_v have_v do_v with_o the_o name_n when_o i_o shall_v have_v tell_v he_o that_o after_o the_o roman_n it_o be_v of_o their_o immediate_a successor_n the_o saxon_n call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o of_o after_o time_n dowere_n dovor_v and_o dover_n canterbury_n some_o have_v call_v it_o by_o what_o be_v the_o proper_a name_n of_o canterbury_n dorobernia_n dorobernia_n other_o dorvernia_n but_o very_o erroneous_o both_o and_o upon_o that_o mistake_n what_o tumult_n or_o hurly-burly_n happen_v in_o the_o year_n 1051._o or_o as_o some_o have_v it_o 1052._o at_o dover_n by_o the_o mean_n of_o eustave_n earl_n of_o bolen_n and_o his_o man_n likely_a to_o have_v end_v in_o a_o sore_a and_o bloody_a civil_a war_n the_o king_n take_v part_n with_o his_o brother_n in_o law_n and_o earl_n goodâ—yn_n side_v with_o the_o doverians_n as_o his_o client_n and_o vassal_n the_o scene_n i_o say_v of_o that_o commotion_n be_v of_o some_o lay_v at_o canterbury_n whereas_o it_o be_v dover_n hence_o clear_a enough_o that_o dover_n be_v the_o place_n inasmucn_o as_o marianus_n and_o hoveden_n who_o as_o malmsbury_n speak_v of_o a_o castle_n there_o which_o knighton_n call_v castellum_n dovoriense_n make_v express_a mention_n of_o a_o castle_n on_o the_o cliff_n or_o by_o the_o cliffside_n which_o must_v needs_o be_v dover-castle_n canterbury_n be_v a_o inland-town_n and_o stand_v both_o city_n and_o castle_n in_o a_o level_n or_o valley_n but_o for_o more_o certainty_n the_o saxon_a relation_n of_o the_o matter_n in_o which_o language_n i_o take_v it_o the_o story_n be_v original_o pen_v as_o i_o find_v it_o in_o a_o small_a saxon_a ms_n sometime_o belong_v to_o mr._n lambard_n and_o procure_v for_o i_o by_o my_o late_a decease_a friend_n thomas_n godfrey_n of_o hodiford_n esq_n lay_v the_o scene_n at_o dover_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 1052_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d etc._n etc._n the_o same_o year_n 1052_o eustatius_n come_v on_o shore_n at_o dover_n haven_n etc._n etc._n so_o that_o what_o of_o that_o tumult_n be_v record_v in_o our_o chronicle_n as_o happen_v at_o dorobernia_n belong_v to_o dover_n not_o canterbury_n what_o also_o be_v speak_v by_o initio_fw-la pictaviensis_n of_o alfred_n land_v place_n or_o place_n of_o arrival_n under_o the_o same_o name_n relate_v thither_o and_o be_v to_o be_v understand_v not_o of_o canterbury_n but_o dover_n but_o to_o keep_v we_o to_o the_o port_n a_o roman_a port_n it_o be_v and_o continue_v afterward_o a_o port_n through_o the_o saxon_a danish_a and_o norman_a age_n unto_o this_o present_a but_o as_o after_o the_o roman_a time_n bolen_n decay_v and_o grow_v into_o some_o disuse_n on_o